text: The elevator motor was located at the top of the shaft or beside the bottom of the shaft. Pushing the handle forward would cause the cab to rise; backwards would make it sink. The harder the pressure, the faster the elevator would move. The handle also served as a dead man switch: if the operator let go of the handle, it would return to its upright position, causing the elevator cab to stop. In time, safety interlocks would ensure that the inner and outer doors were closed before the elevator was allowed to move.

title: Elevator

title: Elevator

text: The

text: elevator

text: motor

text: was

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: shaft

text: or

text: beside

text: the

text: bottom

text: of

text: the

text: shaft

text: Pushing

text: the

text: handle

text: forward

text: would

text: cause

text: the

text: cab

text: to

text: rise

text: backwards

text: would

text: make

text: it

text: sink

text: The

text: harder

text: the

text: pressure

text: the

text: faster

text: the

text: elevator

text: would

text: move

text: The

text: handle

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: dead

text: man

text: switch

text: if

text: the

text: operator

text: let

text: go

text: of

text: the

text: handle

text: it

text: would

text: return

text: to

text: its

text: upright

text: position

text: causing

text: the

text: elevator

text: cab

text: to

text: stop

text: In

text: time

text: safety

text: interlocks

text: would

text: ensure

text: that

text: the

text: inner

text: and

text: outer

text: doors

text: were

text: closed

text: before

text: the

text: elevator

text: was

text: allowed

text: to

text: move

question: Where is the elevator motor found?

answer: at the top of the shaft or beside the bottom of the shaft

text: at the top of the shaft or beside the bottom of the shaft

question: Moving the helve forward causes the cab to do what?

answer: to rise

text: to rise

question: The more pressure applied to the handle caused what?

answer: the faster the elevator would move

text: the faster the elevator would move

question: Why was the handle considered a "dead man switch"?

answer: if the operator let go of the handle, it would return to its upright position, causing the elevator cab to stop

text: if the operator let go of the handle, it would return to its upright position, causing the elevator cab to stop

question: Eventually safety locks were used to guarantee what?

answer: that the inner and outer doors were closed before the elevator was allowed to move

text: that the inner and outer doors were closed before the elevator was allowed to move


text: The main representatives of the new style, often referred to as ars nova as opposed to the ars antiqua, were the composers Philippe de Vitry and Guillaume de Machaut. In Italy, where the Provençal troubadours had also found refuge, the corresponding period goes under the name of trecento, and the leading composers were Giovanni da Cascia, Jacopo da Bologna and Francesco Landini. Prominent reformer of Orthodox Church music from the first half of 14th century was John Kukuzelis; he also introduced a system of notation widely used in the Balkans in the following centuries.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: The

text: main

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: style

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: ars

text: nova

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: ars

text: antiqua

text: were

text: the

text: composers

text: Philippe

text: de

text: Vitry

text: and

text: Guillaume

text: de

text: Machaut

text: In

text: Italy

text: where

text: the

text: Provençal

text: troubadours

text: had

text: also

text: found

text: refuge

text: the

text: corresponding

text: period

text: goes

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: trecento

text: and

text: the

text: leading

text: composers

text: were

text: Giovanni

text: da

text: Cascia

text: Jacopo

text: da

text: Bologna

text: and

text: Francesco

text: Landini

text: Prominent

text: reformer

text: of

text: Orthodox

text: Church

text: music

text: from

text: the

text: first

text: half

text: of

text: century

text: was

text: John

text: Kukuzelis

text: he

text: also

text: introduced

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: notation

text: widely

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: Balkans

text: in

text: the

text: following

text: centuries

question: Who introduced a system of musical notation used in the Balkans in the 14th century?

answer: John Kukuzelis

text: John Kukuzelis

question: What was the name of the new musical style introduced in the Late Middle Ages?

answer: ars nova

text: ars nova

question: Which musical style did ars nova replace in the 14th century?

answer: ars antiqua

text: ars antiqua

question: Who were the leading composers of the trecento period?

answer: Giovanni da Cascia, Jacopo da Bologna and Francesco Landini

text: Giovanni da Cascia, Jacopo da Bologna and Francesco Landini

question: Kukuzelis reformed the music of which religion?

answer: Orthodox Church

text: Orthodox Church


text: In response to the 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates accepted in June 2009 the resignations of Secretary of the Air Force Michael Wynne and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force General T. Michael Moseley. Moseley's successor, General Norton A. Schwartz, a former tactical airlift and special operations pilot was the first officer appointed to that position who did not have a background as a fighter or bomber pilot. The Washington Post reported in 2010 that General Schwartz began to dismantle the rigid class system of the USAF, particularly in the officer corps.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Air

text: Force

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: incident

text: Secretary

text: of

text: Defense

text: Robert

text: Gates

text: accepted

text: in

text: June

text: the

text: resignations

text: of

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: Michael

text: Wynne

text: and

text: the

text: Chief

text: of

text: Staff

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: General

text: T.

text: Michael

text: Moseley

text: Moseley

text: 's

text: successor

text: General

text: Norton

text: A.

text: Schwartz

text: a

text: former

text: tactical

text: airlift

text: and

text: special

text: operations

text: pilot

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: officer

text: appointed

text: to

text: that

text: position

text: who

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: background

text: as

text: a

text: fighter

text: or

text: bomber

text: pilot

text: The

text: Washington

text: Post

text: reported

text: in

text: that

text: General

text: Schwartz

text: began

text: to

text: dismantle

text: the

text: rigid

text: class

text: system

text: of

text: the

text: USAF

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: officer

text: corps

question: What US Secretary of Defense accepted resignations of top US Air Force officials in June of 2009?

answer: Robert Gates

text: Robert Gates

question: What US Secretary of the Air Force resigned following a nuclear weapons problem ?

answer: Michael Wynne

text: Michael Wynne

question: Who was appointed to the Chief of Staff of the Air Force following Mosley's resignation?

answer: General Norton A. Schwartz

text: General Norton A. Schwartz

question: What newspaper reported on Schwartz's dismantlement of the US Air Force's class system?

answer: The Washington Post

text: The Washington Post


text: The use of alloys by humans started with the use of meteoric iron, a naturally occurring alloy of nickel and iron. It is the main constituent of iron meteorites which occasionally fall down on Earth from outer space. As no metallurgic processes were used to separate iron from nickel, the alloy was used as it was. Meteoric iron could be forged from a red heat to make objects such as tools, weapons, and nails. In many cultures it was shaped by cold hammering into knives and arrowheads. They were often used as anvils. Meteoric iron was very rare and valuable, and difficult for ancient people to work.

title: Alloy

title: Alloy

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: alloys

text: by

text: humans

text: started

text: with

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: meteoric

text: iron

text: a

text: naturally

text: occurring

text: alloy

text: of

text: nickel

text: and

text: iron

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: constituent

text: of

text: iron

text: meteorites

text: which

text: occasionally

text: fall

text: down

text: on

text: Earth

text: from

text: outer

text: space

text: As

text: no

text: metallurgic

text: processes

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: separate

text: iron

text: from

text: nickel

text: the

text: alloy

text: was

text: used

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: Meteoric

text: iron

text: could

text: be

text: forged

text: from

text: a

text: red

text: heat

text: to

text: make

text: objects

text: such

text: as

text: tools

text: weapons

text: and

text: nails

text: In

text: many

text: cultures

text: it

text: was

text: shaped

text: by

text: cold

text: hammering

text: into

text: knives

text: and

text: arrowheads

text: They

text: were

text: often

text: used

text: as

text: anvils

text: Meteoric

text: iron

text: was

text: very

text: rare

text: and

text: valuable

text: and

text: difficult

text: for

text: ancient

text: people

text: to

text: work

question: What was one of the first alloys used by humans?

answer: meteoric iron

text: meteoric iron

question: What is meteoric iron composed of?

answer: nickel and iron

text: nickel and iron

question: What can forged meteoric iron make?

answer: tools, weapons, and nails

text: tools, weapons, and nails

question: Where does meteoric iron come from?

answer: iron meteorites

text: iron meteorites

question: How does meteoric iron come to earth?

answer: occasionally fall down on Earth from outer space

text: occasionally fall down on Earth from outer space


text: 40°48′47″N 73°57′27″W / 40.813°N 73.9575°W / 40.813; -73.9575 La Salle Street is a street in West Harlem that runs just two blocks between Amsterdam Avenue and Claremont Avenue. West of Convent Avenue, 125th Street was re-routed onto the old Manhattan Avenue. The original 125th Street west of Convent Avenue was swallowed up to make the super-blocks where the low income housing projects now exist. La Salle Street is the only vestige of the original routing.

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

text: N

text: W

text: La

text: Salle

text: Street

text: is

text: a

text: street

text: in

text: West

text: Harlem

text: that

text: runs

text: just

text: two

text: blocks

text: between

text: Amsterdam

text: Avenue

text: and

text: Claremont

text: Avenue

text: West

text: of

text: Convent

text: Avenue

text: Street

text: was

text: re

text: routed

text: onto

text: the

text: old

text: Manhattan

text: Avenue

text: The

text: original

text: Street

text: west

text: of

text: Convent

text: Avenue

text: was

text: swallowed

text: up

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: super

text: blocks

text: where

text: the

text: low

text: income

text: housing

text: projects

text: now

text: exist

text: La

text: Salle

text: Street

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: vestige

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: routing

question: Which street in West Harlem runs just two blocks between Amersterdam Avenue and Claremont Avenue?

answer: La Salle Street

text: La Salle Street

question: La Salle Street runs between Amsterdam Avenue and which other Avenue?

answer: Claremont

text: Claremont

question: In which neighborhood does La Salle Street run?

answer: West Harlem

text: West Harlem

question: Which street was swallowed up to make low income housing projects?

answer: 125th Street

text: 125th Street

question: Which street is the only area left of the routing onto old Manhattan Avenue?

answer: La Salle Street

text: La Salle Street


text: Differences in the settlement patterns of eastern and western North Carolina, or the Low Country and uplands, affected the political, economic, and social life of the state from the 18th until the 20th century. The Tidewater in eastern North Carolina was settled chiefly by immigrants from rural England and the Scottish Highlands. The upcountry of western North Carolina was settled chiefly by Scots-Irish, English, and German Protestants, the so-called "cohee". Arriving during the mid- to late 18th century, the Scots-Irish from what is today Northern Ireland were the largest non-English immigrant group before the Revolution; English indentured servants were overwhelmingly the largest immigrant group before the Revolution. During the American Revolutionary War, the English and Highland Scots of eastern North Carolina tended to remain loyal to the British Crown, because of longstanding business and personal connections with Great Britain. The English, Welsh, Scots-Irish, and German settlers of western North Carolina tended to favor American independence from Britain.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: Differences

text: in

text: the

text: settlement

text: patterns

text: of

text: eastern

text: and

text: western

text: North

text: Carolina

text: or

text: the

text: Low

text: Country

text: and

text: uplands

text: affected

text: the

text: political

text: economic

text: and

text: social

text: life

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: from

text: the

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: Tidewater

text: in

text: eastern

text: North

text: Carolina

text: was

text: settled

text: chiefly

text: by

text: immigrants

text: from

text: rural

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Highlands

text: The

text: upcountry

text: of

text: western

text: North

text: Carolina

text: was

text: settled

text: chiefly

text: by

text: Scots

text: Irish

text: English

text: and

text: German

text: Protestants

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: cohee

text: Arriving

text: during

text: the

text: mid-

text: to

text: late

text: century

text: the

text: Scots

text: Irish

text: from

text: what

text: is

text: today

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: were

text: the

text: largest

text: non

text: English

text: immigrant

text: group

text: before

text: the

text: Revolution

text: English

text: indentured

text: servants

text: were

text: overwhelmingly

text: the

text: largest

text: immigrant

text: group

text: before

text: the

text: Revolution

text: During

text: the

text: American

text: Revolutionary

text: War

text: the

text: English

text: and

text: Highland

text: Scots

text: of

text: eastern

text: North

text: Carolina

text: tended

text: to

text: remain

text: loyal

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: Crown

text: because

text: of

text: longstanding

text: business

text: and

text: personal

text: connections

text: with

text: Great

text: Britain

text: The

text: English

text: Welsh

text: Scots

text: Irish

text: and

text: German

text: settlers

text: of

text: western

text: North

text: Carolina

text: tended

text: to

text: favor

text: American

text: independence

text: from

text: Britain

question: Eastern North Carolina is also known as what?

answer: Low Country

text: Low Country

question: Western North carolina is also known as what?

answer: uplands

text: uplands

question: Where was The Tidewater located?

answer: eastern North Carolina

text: eastern North Carolina

question: Where did immigrants from England and the Scottish Highlands settle?

answer: The Tidewater

text: The Tidewater

question: Who did the Tidewater settlers remain loyal to during the American revolution?

answer: the British Crown

text: the British Crown


text: Schwarzenegger's autobiography, Total Recall, was released in October 2012. He devotes one chapter called "The Secret" to his extramarital affair. The majority of his book is about his successes in the three major chapters in his life: bodybuilder, actor, and Governor of California.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Schwarzenegger

text: 's

text: autobiography

text: Total

text: Recall

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: October

text: He

text: devotes

text: one

text: chapter

text: called

text: The

text: Secret

text: to

text: his

text: extramarital

text: affair

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: his

text: book

text: is

text: about

text: his

text: successes

text: in

text: the

text: three

text: major

text: chapters

text: in

text: his

text: life

text: bodybuilder

text: actor

text: and

text: Governor

text: of

text: California

question: What's the title of Schwarzenegger's autobiography?

answer: Total Recall

text: Total Recall

question: What did Schwarzenegger name the chapter of the book that addresses his extramarital affair?

answer: "The Secret"

text: "The Secret"

question: When was Schwarzenegger's autobiography released?

answer: October 2012

text: October 2012


text: METRO Transit is the city's public transit company. The main transfer terminal is located downtown at NW 5th Street and Hudson Avenue. METRO Transit maintains limited coverage of the city's main street grid using a hub-and-spoke system from the main terminal, making many journeys impractical due to the rather small number of bus routes offered and that most trips require a transfer downtown. The city has recognized that transit as a major issue for the rapidly growing and urbanizing city and has initiated several studies in recent times to improve upon the existing bus system starting with a plan known as the Fixed Guideway Study. This study identified several potential commuter transit routes from the suburbs into downtown OKC as well as feeder-line bus and/or rail routes throughout the city.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: METRO

text: Transit

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: public

text: transit

text: company

text: The

text: main

text: transfer

text: terminal

text: is

text: located

text: downtown

text: at

text: NW

text: Street

text: and

text: Hudson

text: Avenue

text: METRO

text: Transit

text: maintains

text: limited

text: coverage

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: main

text: street

text: grid

text: using

text: a

text: hub

text: and

text: spoke

text: system

text: from

text: the

text: main

text: terminal

text: making

text: many

text: journeys

text: impractical

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: rather

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: bus

text: routes

text: offered

text: and

text: that

text: most

text: trips

text: require

text: a

text: transfer

text: downtown

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: recognized

text: that

text: transit

text: as

text: a

text: major

text: issue

text: for

text: the

text: rapidly

text: growing

text: and

text: urbanizing

text: city

text: and

text: has

text: initiated

text: several

text: studies

text: in

text: recent

text: times

text: to

text: improve

text: upon

text: the

text: existing

text: bus

text: system

text: starting

text: with

text: a

text: plan

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Fixed

text: Guideway

text: Study

text: This

text: study

text: identified

text: several

text: potential

text: commuter

text: transit

text: routes

text: from

text: the

text: suburbs

text: into

text: downtown

text: OKC

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: feeder

text: line

text: bus

text: and/or

text: rail

text: routes

text: throughout

text: the

text: city

question: What is Oklahoma Cities transit company?

answer: METRO Transit

text: METRO Transit

question: What is the name of the plan that is being made to enhance the bus system?

answer: Fixed Guideway Study

text: Fixed Guideway Study


text: Humbert of Romans, the master general of the order from 1254 to 1263, was a great administrator, as well as preacher and writer. It was under his tenure as master general that the sisters in the order were given official membership. Humbert was a great lover of languages, and encouraged linguistic studies among the Dominicans, primarily Arabic, because of the missionary work friars were pursuing amongst those led astray or forced to convert by Muslims in the Middle East. He also wanted his friars to reach excellence in their preaching, and this was his most lasting contribution to the order. The growth of the spirituality of young preachers was his first priority. He once cried to his students: "... consider how excellent this office [of preaching] is, because it is apostolic; how useful, because it is directly ordained for the salvation of souls; how perilous, because few have in them, or perform, what the office requires, for it is not without great danger ... , vol. xxv. (Lyon, 1677)

title: Dominican_Order

title: Dominican_Order

text: Humbert

text: of

text: Romans

text: the

text: master

text: general

text: of

text: the

text: order

text: from

text: to

text: was

text: a

text: great

text: administrator

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: preacher

text: and

text: writer

text: It

text: was

text: under

text: his

text: tenure

text: as

text: master

text: general

text: that

text: the

text: sisters

text: in

text: the

text: order

text: were

text: given

text: official

text: membership

text: Humbert

text: was

text: a

text: great

text: lover

text: of

text: languages

text: and

text: encouraged

text: linguistic

text: studies

text: among

text: the

text: Dominicans

text: primarily

text: Arabic

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: missionary

text: work

text: friars

text: were

text: pursuing

text: amongst

text: those

text: led

text: astray

text: or

text: forced

text: to

text: convert

text: by

text: Muslims

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: He

text: also

text: wanted

text: his

text: friars

text: to

text: reach

text: excellence

text: in

text: their

text: preaching

text: and

text: this

text: was

text: his

text: most

text: lasting

text: contribution

text: to

text: the

text: order

text: The

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: spirituality

text: of

text: young

text: preachers

text: was

text: his

text: first

text: priority

text: He

text: once

text: cried

text: to

text: his

text: students

text: consider

text: how

text: excellent

text: this

text: office

text: of

text: preaching

text: is

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: apostolic

text: how

text: useful

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: directly

text: ordained

text: for

text: the

text: salvation

text: of

text: souls

text: how

text: perilous

text: because

text: few

text: have

text: in

text: them

text: or

text: perform

text: what

text: the

text: office

text: requires

text: for

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: without

text: great

text: danger

text: vol

text: xxv

text: Lyon

question: Who was the Master general of the Dominican Order during the mid 1200s?

answer: Humbert of Romans

text: Humbert of Romans

question: What years was Humbert of Rome the Master General?

answer: 1254 to 1263

text: 1254 to 1263

question: What did Humbert do that was very significant during his time as Master general?

answer: the sisters in the order were given official membership

text: the sisters in the order were given official membership

question: What did subject did Humbert love very much?

answer: languages

text: languages

question: What language did Humbert want the Dominican Order members to learn?

answer: Arabic

text: Arabic


text: In 1870, following the stunning defeat of the French Army by the Germans in the Franco-Prussian War, French workers and socialist revolutionaries seized Paris and created the Paris Commune. The Commune lasted for two months before it was crushed by the French Army, with much bloodshed. The original red banners of the Commune became icons of the socialist revolution; in 1921 members of the French Communist Party came to Moscow and presented the new Soviet government with one of the original Commune banners; it was placed (and is still in place) in the tomb of Vladimir Lenin, next to his open coffin.

title: Red

title: Red

text: In

text: following

text: the

text: stunning

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Army

text: by

text: the

text: Germans

text: in

text: the

text: Franco

text: Prussian

text: War

text: French

text: workers

text: and

text: socialist

text: revolutionaries

text: seized

text: Paris

text: and

text: created

text: the

text: Paris

text: Commune

text: The

text: Commune

text: lasted

text: for

text: two

text: months

text: before

text: it

text: was

text: crushed

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: Army

text: with

text: much

text: bloodshed

text: The

text: original

text: red

text: banners

text: of

text: the

text: Commune

text: became

text: icons

text: of

text: the

text: socialist

text: revolution

text: in

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Communist

text: Party

text: came

text: to

text: Moscow

text: and

text: presented

text: the

text: new

text: Soviet

text: government

text: with

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: Commune

text: banners

text: it

text: was

text: placed

text: and

text: is

text: still

text: in

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: tomb

text: of

text: Vladimir

text: Lenin

text: next

text: to

text: his

text: open

text: coffin

question: Who was defeated in the Franco-Prussian war?

answer: the French Army

text: the French Army

question: After Paris was seized as a result of the Franco-Prussian war, what did revolutionaries and workers create?

answer: the Paris Commune

text: the Paris Commune

question: For how long did the Paris Commune exist?

answer: two months

text: two months

question: Next to whom was a a Paris Commune banner placed?

answer: Vladimir Lenin

text: Vladimir Lenin

question: In what year did people of the French Communist party go to Moscow to give the Soviet government a Paris Commune banner?

answer: 1921


text: When Richard was five years old, his mother gave birth to a younger brother, but this brother died at four weeks of age. Four years later, Richard gained a sister, Joan, and the family moved to Far Rockaway, Queens. Though separated by nine years, Joan and Richard were close, as they both shared a natural curiosity about the world. Their mother thought that women did not have the cranial capacity to comprehend such things. Despite their mother's disapproval of Joan's desire to study astronomy, Richard encouraged his sister to explore the universe. Joan eventually became an astrophysicist specializing in interactions between the Earth and the solar wind.

title: Richard_Feynman

title: Richard_Feynman

text: When

text: Richard

text: was

text: five

text: years

text: old

text: his

text: mother

text: gave

text: birth

text: to

text: a

text: younger

text: brother

text: but

text: this

text: brother

text: died

text: at

text: four

text: weeks

text: of

text: age

text: Four

text: years

text: later

text: Richard

text: gained

text: a

text: sister

text: Joan

text: and

text: the

text: family

text: moved

text: to

text: Far

text: Rockaway

text: Queens

text: Though

text: separated

text: by

text: nine

text: years

text: Joan

text: and

text: Richard

text: were

text: close

text: as

text: they

text: both

text: shared

text: a

text: natural

text: curiosity

text: about

text: the

text: world

text: Their

text: mother

text: thought

text: that

text: women

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: the

text: cranial

text: capacity

text: to

text: comprehend

text: such

text: things

text: Despite

text: their

text: mother

text: 's

text: disapproval

text: of

text: Joan

text: 's

text: desire

text: to

text: study

text: astronomy

text: Richard

text: encouraged

text: his

text: sister

text: to

text: explore

text: the

text: universe

text: Joan

text: eventually

text: became

text: an

text: astrophysicist

text: specializing

text: in

text: interactions

text: between

text: the

text: Earth

text: and

text: the

text: solar

text: wind

question: What happened to Feyman's younger brother?

answer: died at four weeks of age

text: died at four weeks of age

question: What is Feynman's sister's name?

answer: Joan

text: Joan

question: What science displicine did Feyman encourage his sister to study?

answer: astronomy

text: astronomy

question: Who was the one that pushed Joan to explore the universe?

answer: Richard

text: Richard

question: What career did Joan hold?

answer: astrophysicist

text: astrophysicist


text: The Football League was founded in 1888, 16 years after the first FA Cup competition. Since the creation of The Football League, Tottenham Hotspur is the only non-league "giant-killer" to win the Cup, taking the 1901 FA Cup with a victory over reigning league runners-up Sheffield United: although at that time, there were only two divisions and 36 clubs in the Football League, and Spurs were champions of the next lowest football tier - the Southern League and probably already good enough for the First Division (as was shown when they joined the Second Division in 1908 and immediately won promotion to the First.) Only two other actual non-League clubs have even reached the final since the founding of the League: Sheffield Wednesday in 1890 (champions of the Football Alliance, a rival league which was already effectively the Second Division, which it formally became in 1892 – Wednesday being let straight into the First Division), and Southampton in 1900 and 1902 (in which years they were also Southern League champions, proving the strength of that league: again, they were probably of equivalent standard to a First Division club at the time, but Southampton's form subsequently faded and they did not join the League till 1920 and the formation of the Third Division.)

title: FA_Cup

title: FA_Cup

text: The

text: Football

text: League

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: first

text: FA

text: Cup

text: competition

text: Since

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: The

text: Football

text: League

text: Tottenham

text: Hotspur

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: non

text: league

text: giant

text: killer

text: to

text: win

text: the

text: Cup

text: taking

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: with

text: a

text: victory

text: over

text: reigning

text: league

text: runners

text: up

text: Sheffield

text: United

text: although

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: there

text: were

text: only

text: two

text: divisions

text: and

text: clubs

text: in

text: the

text: Football

text: League

text: and

text: Spurs

text: were

text: champions

text: of

text: the

text: next

text: lowest

text: football

text: tier

text: the

text: Southern

text: League

text: and

text: probably

text: already

text: good

text: enough

text: for

text: the

text: First

text: Division

text: as

text: was

text: shown

text: when

text: they

text: joined

text: the

text: Second

text: Division

text: in

text: and

text: immediately

text: won

text: promotion

text: to

text: the

text: First

text: Only

text: two

text: other

text: actual

text: non

text: League

text: clubs

text: have

text: even

text: reached

text: the

text: final

text: since

text: the

text: founding

text: of

text: the

text: League

text: Sheffield

text: Wednesday

text: in

text: champions

text: of

text: the

text: Football

text: Alliance

text: a

text: rival

text: league

text: which

text: was

text: already

text: effectively

text: the

text: Second

text: Division

text: which

text: it

text: formally

text: became

text: in

text: Wednesday

text: being

text: let

text: straight

text: into

text: the

text: First

text: Division

text: and

text: Southampton

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: which

text: years

text: they

text: were

text: also

text: Southern

text: League

text: champions

text: proving

text: the

text: strength

text: of

text: that

text: league

text: again

text: they

text: were

text: probably

text: of

text: equivalent

text: standard

text: to

text: a

text: First

text: Division

text: club

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: but

text: Southampton

text: 's

text: form

text: subsequently

text: faded

text: and

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: join

text: the

text: League

text: till

text: and

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Division

question: When was the football league founded?

answer: The Football League was founded in 1888

text: The Football League was founded in 1888

question: Who is the only non league giant killer to win a cup?

answer: Tottenham Hotspur is the only non-league "giant-killer" to win the Cup

text: Tottenham Hotspur is the only non-league "giant-killer" to win the Cup

question: What year did they win the cup?

answer: 1901

question: Who did they delete for the cup?

answer: Sheffield United

text: Sheffield United

question: How many clubs where in the football league?

answer: 36 clubs in the Football League

text: 36 clubs in the Football League


text: According to a Forbes article written in 2013 Employment in the "Old North State" has gained many different industry sectors. See the following article summary: science, technology, energy and math, or STEM, industries in the area surrounding North Carolina's capital have grown 17.9 percent since 2001, placing Raleigh-Cary at No. 5 among the 51 largest metro areas in the country where technology is booming. In 2010 North Carolina's total gross state product was $424.9 billion, while the state debt in November 2012, according to one source, totalled US$2.4bn, while according to another, was in 2012 US$57.8bn. In 2011 the civilian labor force was at around 4.5 million with employment near 4.1 million. The working population is employed across the major employment sectors. The economy of North Carolina covers 15 metropolitan areas. In 2010, North Carolina was chosen as the third-best state for business by Forbes Magazine, and the second-best state by Chief Executive Officer Magazine.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: Forbes

text: article

text: written

text: in

text: Employment

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: North

text: State

text: has

text: gained

text: many

text: different

text: industry

text: sectors

text: See

text: the

text: following

text: article

text: summary

text: science

text: technology

text: energy

text: and

text: math

text: or

text: STEM

text: industries

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: surrounding

text: North

text: Carolina

text: 's

text: capital

text: have

text: grown

text: percent

text: since

text: placing

text: Raleigh

text: Cary

text: at

text: No

text: among

text: the

text: largest

text: metro

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: where

text: technology

text: is

text: booming

text: In

text: North

text: Carolina

text: 's

text: total

text: gross

text: state

text: product

text: was

text: billion

text: while

text: the

text: state

text: debt

text: in

text: November

text: according

text: to

text: one

text: source

text: totalled

text: US$

text: while

text: according

text: to

text: another

text: was

text: in

text: US$

text: In

text: the

text: civilian

text: labor

text: force

text: was

text: at

text: around

text: million

text: with

text: employment

text: near

text: million

text: The

text: working

text: population

text: is

text: employed

text: across

text: the

text: major

text: employment

text: sectors

text: The

text: economy

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: covers

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: In

text: North

text: Carolina

text: was

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: third

text: best

text: state

text: for

text: business

text: by

text: Forbes

text: Magazine

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: best

text: state

text: by

text: Chief

text: Executive

text: Officer

text: Magazine

question: What is the Nickname given to North Carolina?

answer: Old North State

text: Old North State

question: Science, Technology, energy, and math industries have risen what percent since 2001?

answer: 17.9

question: What is raleigh-Cary ranked among the 51 largest metro areas in the country?

answer: 5

question: What was North Carolinas gross state product in 2010?

answer: $424.9 billion

text: $424.9 billion

question: What was North Carolinas state debt in 2012?

answer: $2.4bn


text: The Antikythera mechanism is believed to be the earliest mechanical analog "computer", according to Derek J. de Solla Price. It was designed to calculate astronomical positions. It was discovered in 1901 in the Antikythera wreck off the Greek island of Antikythera, between Kythera and Crete, and has been dated to circa 100 BC. Devices of a level of complexity comparable to that of the Antikythera mechanism would not reappear until a thousand years later.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: Antikythera

text: mechanism

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: earliest

text: mechanical

text: analog

text: computer

text: according

text: to

text: Derek

text: J.

text: de

text: Solla

text: Price

text: It

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: calculate

text: astronomical

text: positions

text: It

text: was

text: discovered

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: Antikythera

text: wreck

text: off

text: the

text: Greek

text: island

text: of

text: Antikythera

text: between

text: Kythera

text: and

text: Crete

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: dated

text: to

text: circa

text: BC

text: Devices

text: of

text: a

text: level

text: of

text: complexity

text: comparable

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Antikythera

text: mechanism

text: would

text: not

text: reappear

text: until

text: a

text: thousand

text: years

text: later

question: What is thought to be the first mechanical analog computer?

answer: The Antikythera mechanism

text: The Antikythera mechanism

question: When was the Antikythera mechanism discovered?

answer: 1901

question: Where was the Antikythera mechanism found in 1901?

answer: Antikythera wreck off the Greek island of Antikythera

text: Antikythera wreck off the Greek island of Antikythera

question: Where is the Greek Island of Antikythera located between?

answer: Kythera and Crete

text: Kythera and Crete

question: The Antikythera mechanism was thought to be the first computer according to whom?

answer: Derek J. de Solla Price.

text: Derek J. de Solla Price.


text: Beer ranges from less than 3% alcohol by volume (abv) to around 14% abv, though this strength can be increased to around 20% by re-pitching with champagne yeast, and to 55% abv by the freeze-distilling process. The alcohol content of beer varies by local practice or beer style. The pale lagers that most consumers are familiar with fall in the range of 4–6%, with a typical abv of 5%. The customary strength of British ales is quite low, with many session beers being around 4% abv. Some beers, such as table beer are of such low alcohol content (1%–4%) that they are served instead of soft drinks in some schools.

title: Beer

title: Beer

text: Beer

text: ranges

text: from

text: less

text: than

text: alcohol

text: by

text: volume

text: abv

text: to

text: around

text: abv

text: though

text: this

text: strength

text: can

text: be

text: increased

text: to

text: around

text: by

text: re

text: pitching

text: with

text: champagne

text: yeast

text: and

text: to

text: abv

text: by

text: the

text: freeze

text: distilling

text: process

text: The

text: alcohol

text: content

text: of

text: beer

text: varies

text: by

text: local

text: practice

text: or

text: beer

text: style

text: The

text: pale

text: lagers

text: that

text: most

text: consumers

text: are

text: familiar

text: with

text: fall

text: in

text: the

text: range

text: of

text: with

text: a

text: typical

text: abv

text: of

text: The

text: customary

text: strength

text: of

text: British

text: ales

text: is

text: quite

text: low

text: with

text: many

text: session

text: beers

text: being

text: around

text: abv

text: Some

text: beers

text: such

text: as

text: table

text: beer

text: are

text: of

text: such

text: low

text: alcohol

text: content

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: served

text: instead

text: of

text: soft

text: drinks

text: in

text: some

text: schools

question: What does abv stand for?

answer: alcohol by volume

text: alcohol by volume

question: What process can cause beer to have a 55% abv?

answer: freeze-distilling

text: freeze-distilling

question: What is the typical alcohol content of a pale logger?

answer: 5%

question: What type of low alcohol beer is sometimes served in school?

answer: table beer

text: table beer

question: What percentage of alcohol by volume does beer achieve when it is re-pitched with champagne yeast?

answer: around 20%

text: around 20%


text: As is sometimes common in scientific discoveries, simultaneous developments can occur, as evidenced by a number of inventors who were at work on the telephone. Over a period of 18 years, the Bell Telephone Company faced 587 court challenges to its patents, including five that went to the U.S. Supreme Court, but none was successful in establishing priority over the original Bell patent and the Bell Telephone Company never lost a case that had proceeded to a final trial stage. Bell's laboratory notes and family letters were the key to establishing a long lineage to his experiments. The Bell company lawyers successfully fought off myriad lawsuits generated initially around the challenges by Elisha Gray and Amos Dolbear. In personal correspondence to Bell, both Gray and Dolbear had acknowledged his prior work, which considerably weakened their later claims.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: As

text: is

text: sometimes

text: common

text: in

text: scientific

text: discoveries

text: simultaneous

text: developments

text: can

text: occur

text: as

text: evidenced

text: by

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: inventors

text: who

text: were

text: at

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: telephone

text: Over

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: years

text: the

text: Bell

text: Telephone

text: Company

text: faced

text: court

text: challenges

text: to

text: its

text: patents

text: including

text: five

text: that

text: went

text: to

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: but

text: was

text: successful

text: in

text: establishing

text: priority

text: over

text: the

text: original

text: Bell

text: patent

text: and

text: the

text: Bell

text: Telephone

text: Company

text: never

text: lost

text: a

text: case

text: that

text: had

text: proceeded

text: to

text: a

text: final

text: trial

text: stage

text: Bell

text: 's

text: laboratory

text: notes

text: and

text: family

text: letters

text: were

text: the

text: key

text: to

text: establishing

text: a

text: long

text: lineage

text: to

text: his

text: experiments

text: The

text: Bell

text: company

text: lawyers

text: successfully

text: fought

text: off

text: myriad

text: lawsuits

text: generated

text: initially

text: around

text: the

text: challenges

text: by

text: Elisha

text: Gray

text: and

text: Amos

text: Dolbear

text: In

text: personal

text: correspondence

text: to

text: Bell

text: both

text: Gray

text: and

text: Dolbear

text: had

text: acknowledged

text: his

text: prior

text: work

text: which

text: considerably

text: weakened

text: their

text: later

text: claims

question: During how many years did the Bell Company battle lawsuits?

answer: 18

question: How many times were Bell's patents contested?

answer: 587

question: How many of the court cases wound up at the Supreme Court?

answer: 5

question: Elisha Gray and what other man were behind many of the court cases?

answer: Amos Dolbear

text: Amos Dolbear


text: The first phase of neoclassicism in France is expressed in the "Louis XVI style" of architects like Ange-Jacques Gabriel (Petit Trianon, 1762–68); the second phase, in the styles called Directoire and "Empire", might be characterized by Jean Chalgrin's severe astylar Arc de Triomphe (designed in 1806). In England the two phases might be characterized first by the structures of Robert Adam, the second by those of Sir John Soane. The interior style in France was initially a Parisian style, the "Goût grec" ("Greek style") not a court style. Only when the young king acceded to the throne in 1771 did Marie Antoinette, his fashion-loving Queen, bring the "Louis XVI" style to court.

title: Neoclassical_architecture

title: Neoclassical_architecture

text: The

text: first

text: phase

text: of

text: neoclassicism

text: in

text: France

text: is

text: expressed

text: in

text: the

text: Louis

text: XVI

text: style

text: of

text: architects

text: like

text: Ange

text: Jacques

text: Gabriel

text: Petit

text: Trianon

text: the

text: second

text: phase

text: in

text: the

text: styles

text: called

text: Directoire

text: and

text: Empire

text: might

text: be

text: characterized

text: by

text: Jean

text: Chalgrin

text: 's

text: severe

text: astylar

text: Arc

text: de

text: Triomphe

text: designed

text: in

text: In

text: England

text: the

text: two

text: phases

text: might

text: be

text: characterized

text: first

text: by

text: the

text: structures

text: of

text: Robert

text: Adam

text: the

text: second

text: by

text: those

text: of

text: Sir

text: John

text: Soane

text: The

text: interior

text: style

text: in

text: France

text: was

text: initially

text: a

text: Parisian

text: style

text: the

text: Goût

text: grec

text: Greek

text: style

text: not

text: a

text: court

text: style

text: Only

text: when

text: the

text: young

text: king

text: acceded

text: to

text: the

text: throne

text: in

text: did

text: Marie

text: Antoinette

text: his

text: fashion

text: loving

text: Queen

text: bring

text: the

text: Louis

text: XVI

text: style

text: to

text: court

question: What is the name of the first wave of neoclassicism in France?

answer: Louis XVI style

text: Louis XVI style

question: France's second phase of neoclassic is known as what?

answer: Directoire and "Empire"

text: Directoire and "Empire"

question: What architect typifies the first style of neoclassical in England?

answer: Robert Adam

text: Robert Adam

question: Structure of whom characterize England's second phase of neoclassical?

answer: Sir John Soane

text: Sir John Soane

question: Who styled the court in France for more modern design after 1771?

answer: Marie Antoinette

text: Marie Antoinette


text: Furthermore, evidence exists that hunting may have been one of the multiple environmental factors leading to extinctions of the holocene megafauna and their replacement by smaller herbivores. North American megafauna extinction was coincidental with the Younger Dryas impact event, possibly making hunting a less critical factor in prehistoric species loss than had been previously thought. However, in other locations such as Australia, humans are thought to have played a very significant role in the extinction of the Australian megafauna that was widespread prior to human occupation.

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: Furthermore

text: evidence

text: exists

text: that

text: hunting

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: multiple

text: environmental

text: factors

text: leading

text: to

text: extinctions

text: of

text: the

text: holocene

text: megafauna

text: and

text: their

text: replacement

text: by

text: smaller

text: herbivores

text: North

text: American

text: megafauna

text: extinction

text: was

text: coincidental

text: with

text: the

text: Younger

text: Dryas

text: impact

text: event

text: possibly

text: making

text: hunting

text: a

text: less

text: critical

text: factor

text: in

text: prehistoric

text: species

text: loss

text: than

text: had

text: been

text: previously

text: thought

text: However

text: in

text: other

text: locations

text: such

text: as

text: Australia

text: humans

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: played

text: a

text: very

text: significant

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: extinction

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: megafauna

text: that

text: was

text: widespread

text: prior

text: to

text: human

text: occupation

question: What does evidence suggest hunting may have been a factor in the extinction of?

answer: holocene megafauna

text: holocene megafauna

question: What was the North American megafauna extinction coincidental with?

answer: Younger Dryas impact event

text: Younger Dryas impact event

question: What are humans thought to have played a significant role in, in Australia?

answer: extinction of the Australian megafauna

text: extinction of the Australian megafauna

question: When was Australian's megafauna widespread?

answer: prior to human occupation

text: prior to human occupation

question: What along with multiple environmental factors led to the extinction of the holocene megafauna?

answer: hunting

text: hunting

question: What replaced the holocene megafauna?

answer: smaller herbivores

text: smaller herbivores

question: What event was coincidental with the North American megafauna extinction?

answer: Younger Dryas impact event

text: Younger Dryas impact event

question: What is thought to have played a significant role in the extinction of the Australian megafauna?

answer: humans

text: humans


text: Diagnosing active tuberculosis based only on signs and symptoms is difficult, as is diagnosing the disease in those who are immunosuppressed. A diagnosis of TB should, however, be considered in those with signs of lung disease or constitutional symptoms lasting longer than two weeks. A chest X-ray and multiple sputum cultures for acid-fast bacilli are typically part of the initial evaluation. Interferon-γ release assays and tuberculin skin tests are of little use in the developing world. IGRA have similar limitations in those with HIV.

title: Tuberculosis

title: Tuberculosis

text: Diagnosing

text: active

text: tuberculosis

text: based

text: only

text: on

text: signs

text: and

text: symptoms

text: is

text: difficult

text: as

text: is

text: diagnosing

text: the

text: disease

text: in

text: those

text: who

text: are

text: immunosuppressed

text: A

text: diagnosis

text: of

text: TB

text: should

text: however

text: be

text: considered

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: signs

text: of

text: lung

text: disease

text: or

text: constitutional

text: symptoms

text: lasting

text: longer

text: than

text: two

text: weeks

text: A

text: chest

text: X

text: ray

text: and

text: multiple

text: sputum

text: cultures

text: for

text: acid

text: fast

text: bacilli

text: are

text: typically

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: initial

text: evaluation

text: Interferon-γ

text: release

text: assays

text: and

text: tuberculin

text: skin

text: tests

text: are

text: of

text: little

text: use

text: in

text: the

text: developing

text: world

text: IGRA

text: have

text: similar

text: limitations

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: HIV

question: Is active TB difficult or easy to diagnose by patients' symptoms alone?

answer: difficult

text: difficult

question: If a patient has some symptoms associated with TB, after what time period should tuberculosis be diagnostically considered?

answer: two weeks

text: two weeks

question: What part of the body would be X-rayed to check for TB?

answer: chest

text: chest

question: What sign of TB infection would a lab be looking for in a sputum culture?

answer: acid-fast bacilli

text: acid-fast bacilli

question: Along with interferon-y release essays, what other tests aren't useful in TB diagnosis in developing countries?

answer: tuberculin skin tests

text: tuberculin skin tests


text: Faced with this loss of business, Valencia suffered a severe economic crisis. This manifested early in 1519–1523 when the artisan guilds known as the Germanies revolted against the government of the Habsburg king Charles I in Valencia, now part of the Crown of Aragon, with most of the fighting done in 1521. The revolt was an anti-monarchist, anti-feudal autonomist movement inspired by the Italian republics, and a social revolt against the nobility who had fled the city before an epidemic of plague in 1519. It also bore a strong anti-Islamic aspect, as rebels rioted against Aragon's population of mudéjars and imposed forced conversions to Christianity.

title: Valencia

title: Valencia

text: Faced

text: with

text: this

text: loss

text: of

text: business

text: Valencia

text: suffered

text: a

text: severe

text: economic

text: crisis

text: This

text: manifested

text: early

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: artisan

text: guilds

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Germanies

text: revolted

text: against

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: the

text: Habsburg

text: king

text: Charles

text: I

text: in

text: Valencia

text: now

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: Aragon

text: with

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: fighting

text: done

text: in

text: The

text: revolt

text: was

text: an

text: anti

text: monarchist

text: anti

text: feudal

text: autonomist

text: movement

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: Italian

text: republics

text: and

text: a

text: social

text: revolt

text: against

text: the

text: nobility

text: who

text: had

text: fled

text: the

text: city

text: before

text: an

text: epidemic

text: of

text: plague

text: in

text: It

text: also

text: bore

text: a

text: strong

text: anti

text: Islamic

text: aspect

text: as

text: rebels

text: rioted

text: against

text: Aragon

text: 's

text: population

text: of

text: mudéjars

text: and

text: imposed

text: forced

text: conversions

text: to

text: Christianity

question: Whose government did the guilds rebel against?

answer: Charles I

text: Charles I

question: When did the guilds' rebellion take place?

answer: 1519–1523

question: What caused the nobility to leave Valencia?

answer: plague

text: plague

question: From where did the anti-monarchists get inspiration?

answer: Italian republics

text: Italian republics

question: What were the artisan guilds called?

answer: the Germanies

text: the Germanies


text: Most fatty acids are non-essential, meaning the body can produce them as needed, generally from other fatty acids and always by expending energy to do so. However, in humans, at least two fatty acids are essential and must be included in the diet. An appropriate balance of essential fatty acids—omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids—seems also important for health, although definitive experimental demonstration has been elusive. Both of these "omega" long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are substrates for a class of eicosanoids known as prostaglandins, which have roles throughout the human body. They are hormones, in some respects. The omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which can be made in the human body from the omega-3 essential fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), or taken in through marine food sources, serves as a building block for series 3 prostaglandins (e.g., weakly inflammatory PGE3). The omega-6 dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) serves as a building block for series 1 prostaglandins (e.g. anti-inflammatory PGE1), whereas arachidonic acid (AA) serves as a building block for series 2 prostaglandins (e.g. pro-inflammatory PGE 2). Both DGLA and AA can be made from the omega-6 linoleic acid (LA) in the human body, or can be taken in directly through food. An appropriately balanced intake of omega-3 and omega-6 partly determines the relative production of different prostaglandins, which is one reason why a balance between omega-3 and omega-6 is believed important for cardiovascular health. In industrialized societies, people typically consume large amounts of processed vegetable oils, which have reduced amounts of the essential fatty acids along with too much of omega-6 fatty acids relative to omega-3 fatty acids.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Most

text: fatty

text: acids

text: are

text: non

text: essential

text: meaning

text: the

text: body

text: can

text: produce

text: them

text: as

text: needed

text: generally

text: from

text: other

text: fatty

text: acids

text: and

text: always

text: by

text: expending

text: energy

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: However

text: in

text: humans

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: fatty

text: acids

text: are

text: essential

text: and

text: must

text: be

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: diet

text: An

text: appropriate

text: balance

text: of

text: essential

text: fatty

text: acids

text: and

text: fatty

text: acids

text: seems

text: also

text: important

text: for

text: health

text: although

text: definitive

text: experimental

text: demonstration

text: has

text: been

text: elusive

text: Both

text: of

text: these

text: omega

text: long

text: chain

text: polyunsaturated

text: fatty

text: acids

text: are

text: substrates

text: for

text: a

text: class

text: of

text: eicosanoids

text: known

text: as

text: prostaglandins

text: which

text: have

text: roles

text: throughout

text: the

text: human

text: body

text: They

text: are

text: hormones

text: in

text: some

text: respects

text: The

text: eicosapentaenoic

text: acid

text: EPA

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: body

text: from

text: the

text: essential

text: fatty

text: acid

text: alpha

text: linolenic

text: acid

text: ALA

text: or

text: taken

text: in

text: through

text: marine

text: food

text: sources

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: building

text: block

text: for

text: series

text: prostaglandins

text: e.g.

text: weakly

text: inflammatory

text: The

text: dihomo

text: gamma

text: linolenic

text: acid

text: DGLA

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: building

text: block

text: for

text: series

text: prostaglandins

text: e.g.

text: anti

text: inflammatory

text: whereas

text: arachidonic

text: acid

text: AA

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: building

text: block

text: for

text: series

text: prostaglandins

text: e.g.

text: pro

text: inflammatory

text: PGE

text: Both

text: DGLA

text: and

text: AA

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: from

text: the

text: linoleic

text: acid

text: LA

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: body

text: or

text: can

text: be

text: taken

text: in

text: directly

text: through

text: food

text: An

text: appropriately

text: balanced

text: intake

text: of

text: and

text: partly

text: determines

text: the

text: relative

text: production

text: of

text: different

text: prostaglandins

text: which

text: is

text: one

text: reason

text: why

text: a

text: balance

text: between

text: and

text: is

text: believed

text: important

text: for

text: cardiovascular

text: health

text: In

text: industrialized

text: societies

text: people

text: typically

text: consume

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: processed

text: vegetable

text: oils

text: which

text: have

text: reduced

text: amounts

text: of

text: the

text: essential

text: fatty

text: acids

text: along

text: with

text: too

text: much

text: of

text: fatty

text: acids

text: relative

text: to

text: fatty

text: acids

question: What does it mean when it is claimed that many fatty acids are non - essential?

answer: the body can produce them as needed

text: the body can produce them as needed

question: At least how many fatty acids are essential to the human health and have to be consumed rather than produced by the body?

answer: two

text: two

question: What does EPA stand for?

answer: eicosapentaenoic acid

text: eicosapentaenoic acid

question: Outside of consumption, what would be broken down in the body to obtain DGLA and AA?

answer: omega-6 linoleic acid

text: omega-6 linoleic acid

question: What do people consume that has low amounts of the necessary essential fatty acids?

answer: processed vegetable oils

text: processed vegetable oils


text: The mutineers seized the Citadel, a Supreme Junta government took over, and on 26–28 June, Napoleon's Marshal Moncey attacked the city with a column of 9,000 French imperial troops in the First Battle of Valencia. He failed to take the city in two assaults and retreated to Madrid. Marshal Suchet began a long siege of the city in October 1811, and after intense bombardment forced it to surrender on 8 January 1812. After the capitulation, the French instituted reforms in Valencia, which became the capital of Spain when the Bonapartist pretender to the throne, José I (Joseph Bonaparte, Napoleon's elder brother), moved the Court there in the summer of 1812. The disaster of the Battle of Vitoria on 21 June 1813 obliged Suchet to quit Valencia, and the French troops withdrew in July.

title: Valencia

title: Valencia

text: The

text: mutineers

text: seized

text: the

text: Citadel

text: a

text: Supreme

text: Junta

text: government

text: took

text: over

text: and

text: on

text: June

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: Marshal

text: Moncey

text: attacked

text: the

text: city

text: with

text: a

text: column

text: of

text: French

text: imperial

text: troops

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Battle

text: of

text: Valencia

text: He

text: failed

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: two

text: assaults

text: and

text: retreated

text: to

text: Madrid

text: Marshal

text: Suchet

text: began

text: a

text: long

text: siege

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: October

text: and

text: after

text: intense

text: bombardment

text: forced

text: it

text: to

text: surrender

text: on

text: January

text: After

text: the

text: capitulation

text: the

text: French

text: instituted

text: reforms

text: in

text: Valencia

text: which

text: became

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Spain

text: when

text: the

text: Bonapartist

text: pretender

text: to

text: the

text: throne

text: José

text: I

text: Joseph

text: Bonaparte

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: elder

text: brother

text: moved

text: the

text: Court

text: there

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: The

text: disaster

text: of

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Vitoria

text: on

text: June

text: obliged

text: Suchet

text: to

text: quit

text: Valencia

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: troops

text: withdrew

text: in

text: July

question: Who attacked Valencia with French soldiers but failed to capture it?

answer: Moncey

text: Moncey

question: When did Valencia surrender to the French?

answer: 8 January 1812

text: 8 January 1812

question: Who led the successful attack against Valencia?

answer: Suchet

text: Suchet

question: What forced Suchet to leave Valencia?

answer: Battle of Vitoria

text: Battle of Vitoria

question: What city did Jose I make Spain's capital?

answer: Valencia

text: Valencia


text: The functional interpretation of the term "rule of law", consistent with the traditional English meaning, contrasts the "rule of law" with the "rule of man." According to the functional view, a society in which government officers have a great deal of discretion has a low degree of "rule of law", whereas a society in which government officers have little discretion has a high degree of "rule of law". Upholding the rule of law can sometimes require the punishment of those who commit offenses that are justifiable under natural law but not statutory law. The rule of law is thus somewhat at odds with flexibility, even when flexibility may be preferable.

title: Rule_of_law

title: Rule_of_law

text: The

text: functional

text: interpretation

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: consistent

text: with

text: the

text: traditional

text: English

text: meaning

text: contrasts

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: with

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: man

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: functional

text: view

text: a

text: society

text: in

text: which

text: government

text: officers

text: have

text: a

text: great

text: deal

text: of

text: discretion

text: has

text: a

text: low

text: degree

text: of

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: whereas

text: a

text: society

text: in

text: which

text: government

text: officers

text: have

text: little

text: discretion

text: has

text: a

text: high

text: degree

text: of

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: Upholding

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: can

text: sometimes

text: require

text: the

text: punishment

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: commit

text: offenses

text: that

text: are

text: justifiable

text: under

text: natural

text: law

text: but

text: not

text: statutory

text: law

text: The

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: is

text: thus

text: somewhat

text: at

text: odds

text: with

text: flexibility

text: even

text: when

text: flexibility

text: may

text: be

text: preferable

question: According to the functional interpretation, what principle is opposite of the rule of man?

answer: rule of law

text: rule of law

question: What level of discretion do governments with a high degree of the "rule of law" have?

answer: little

text: little

question: What level of discretion do governments with a low degree of the "rule of law" have?

answer: a great deal

text: a great deal

question: What happens to those that do not follow to the rule of law?

answer: punishment

text: punishment

question: What fights against the rule of law?

answer: flexibility

text: flexibility


text: Chinese characters are logograms used in the writing of Chinese and some other Asian languages. In Standard Chinese they are called Hanzi (simplified Chinese: 汉字; traditional Chinese: 漢字). They have been adapted to write a number of other languages including: Japanese, where they are known as kanji, Korean, where they are known as hanja, and Vietnamese in a system known as chữ Nôm. Collectively, they are known as CJKV characters. In English, they are sometimes called Han characters. Chinese characters constitute the oldest continuously used system of writing in the world. By virtue of their widespread current use in East Asia, and historic use throughout the Sinosphere, Chinese characters are among the most widely adopted writing systems in the world.

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: Chinese

text: characters

text: are

text: logograms

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: writing

text: of

text: Chinese

text: and

text: some

text: other

text: Asian

text: languages

text: In

text: Standard

text: Chinese

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: Hanzi

text: simplified

text: Chinese

text: 汉字

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: 漢字

text: They

text: have

text: been

text: adapted

text: to

text: write

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: languages

text: including

text: Japanese

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: kanji

text: Korean

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: hanja

text: and

text: Vietnamese

text: in

text: a

text: system

text: known

text: as

text: chữ

text: Nôm

text: Collectively

text: they

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: CJKV

text: characters

text: In

text: English

text: they

text: are

text: sometimes

text: called

text: Han

text: characters

text: Chinese

text: characters

text: constitute

text: the

text: oldest

text: continuously

text: used

text: system

text: of

text: writing

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: By

text: virtue

text: of

text: their

text: widespread

text: current

text: use

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: and

text: historic

text: use

text: throughout

text: the

text: Sinosphere

text: Chinese

text: characters

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: adopted

text: writing

text: systems

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: What are logograms used in the writing of Chinese?

answer: Chinese characters

text: Chinese characters

question: What are Chinese characters called in standard Chinese?

answer: Hanzi

text: Hanzi

question: What have been adapted to write in a number of other languages?

answer: Chinese characters

text: Chinese characters


text: A route through Beringia is seen as more likely than the Solutrean hypothesis. Kashani et al. 2012 state that "The similarities in ages and geographical distributions for C4c and the previously analyzed X2a lineage provide support to the scenario of a dual origin for Paleo-Indians. Taking into account that C4c is deeply rooted in the Asian portion of the mtDNA phylogeny and is indubitably of Asian origin, the finding that C4c and X2a are characterized by parallel genetic histories definitively dismisses the controversial hypothesis of an Atlantic glacial entry route into North America."

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: A

text: route

text: through

text: Beringia

text: is

text: seen

text: as

text: more

text: likely

text: than

text: the

text: Solutrean

text: hypothesis

text: Kashani

text: et

text: al

text: state

text: that

text: The

text: similarities

text: in

text: ages

text: and

text: geographical

text: distributions

text: for

text: and

text: the

text: previously

text: analyzed

text: lineage

text: provide

text: support

text: to

text: the

text: scenario

text: of

text: a

text: dual

text: origin

text: for

text: Paleo

text: Indians

text: Taking

text: into

text: account

text: that

text: is

text: deeply

text: rooted

text: in

text: the

text: Asian

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: mtDNA

text: phylogeny

text: and

text: is

text: indubitably

text: of

text: Asian

text: origin

text: the

text: finding

text: that

text: and

text: are

text: characterized

text: by

text: parallel

text: genetic

text: histories

text: definitively

text: dismisses

text: the

text: controversial

text: hypothesis

text: of

text: an

text: Atlantic

text: glacial

text: entry

text: route

text: into

text: North

text: America

question: What is more likely than the Solutrean hypothesis?

answer: route through Beringia

text: route through Beringia

question: What supports a scenario of dual origin for Paleo-Indians?

answer: similarities in ages and geographical distributions

text: similarities in ages and geographical distributions

question: What is C4c deeply rooted in the Asian portion of?

answer: the mtDNA phylogeny

text: the mtDNA phylogeny

question: When did Kashani and others make their statement regarding the similarities for C4c distributions?

answer: 2012

question: Because C4c and X2a are characterized by parallel genetic histories means what controversial hypothesis may be dismissed?

answer: an Atlantic glacial entry route into North America

text: an Atlantic glacial entry route into North America


text: Westminster diocese was dissolved in 1550, but the abbey was recognised (in 1552, retroactively to 1550) as a second cathedral of the Diocese of London until 1556. The already-old expression "robbing Peter to pay Paul" may have been given a new lease of life when money meant for the abbey, which is dedicated to Saint Peter, was diverted to the treasury of St Paul's Cathedral.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: Westminster

text: diocese

text: was

text: dissolved

text: in

text: but

text: the

text: abbey

text: was

text: recognised

text: in

text: retroactively

text: to

text: as

text: a

text: second

text: cathedral

text: of

text: the

text: Diocese

text: of

text: London

text: until

text: The

text: already

text: old

text: expression

text: robbing

text: Peter

text: to

text: pay

text: Paul

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: given

text: a

text: new

text: lease

text: of

text: life

text: when

text: money

text: meant

text: for

text: the

text: abbey

text: which

text: is

text: dedicated

text: to

text: Saint

text: Peter

text: was

text: diverted

text: to

text: the

text: treasury

text: of

text: St

text: Paul

text: 's

text: Cathedral

question: When was Westminster Diocese dissolved?

answer: 1550

question: The abbey was recognised as what until 1556?

answer: a second cathedral of the Diocese of London

text: a second cathedral of the Diocese of London

question: Who is the abbey dedicated to?

answer: Saint Peter

text: Saint Peter


text: An electromagnetic wave refractor in some aperture antennas is a component which due to its shape and position functions to selectively delay or advance portions of the electromagnetic wavefront passing through it. The refractor alters the spatial characteristics of the wave on one side relative to the other side. It can, for instance, bring the wave to a focus or alter the wave front in other ways, generally in order to maximize the directivity of the antenna system. This is the radio equivalent of an optical lens.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: An

text: electromagnetic

text: wave

text: refractor

text: in

text: some

text: aperture

text: antennas

text: is

text: a

text: component

text: which

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: shape

text: and

text: position

text: functions

text: to

text: selectively

text: delay

text: or

text: advance

text: portions

text: of

text: the

text: electromagnetic

text: wavefront

text: passing

text: through

text: it

text: The

text: refractor

text: alters

text: the

text: spatial

text: characteristics

text: of

text: the

text: wave

text: on

text: one

text: side

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: side

text: It

text: can

text: for

text: instance

text: bring

text: the

text: wave

text: to

text: a

text: focus

text: or

text: alter

text: the

text: wave

text: front

text: in

text: other

text: ways

text: generally

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: maximize

text: the

text: directivity

text: of

text: the

text: antenna

text: system

text: This

text: is

text: the

text: radio

text: equivalent

text: of

text: an

text: optical

text: lens

question: What is used to allow one to control the function of wave fronts moving through an antenna?

answer: selectively delay

text: selectively delay

question: What changes the structuak traits of a wave on either side?

answer: refractor

text: refractor

question: What is the main purpose of a refractor?

answer: spatial characteristics

text: spatial characteristics

question: A refractor can be compared to what type of viewing?

answer: optical lens

text: optical lens


text: For reasons that remain obscure, the planet's thermosphere is at an anomalously high temperature of about 750 K. The planet is too far from the Sun for this heat to be generated by ultraviolet radiation. One candidate for a heating mechanism is atmospheric interaction with ions in the planet's magnetic field. Other candidates are gravity waves from the interior that dissipate in the atmosphere. The thermosphere contains traces of carbon dioxide and water, which may have been deposited from external sources such as meteorites and dust.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: For

text: reasons

text: that

text: remain

text: obscure

text: the

text: planet

text: 's

text: thermosphere

text: is

text: at

text: an

text: anomalously

text: high

text: temperature

text: of

text: about

text: K.

text: The

text: planet

text: is

text: too

text: far

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: for

text: this

text: heat

text: to

text: be

text: generated

text: by

text: ultraviolet

text: radiation

text: One

text: candidate

text: for

text: a

text: heating

text: mechanism

text: is

text: atmospheric

text: interaction

text: with

text: ions

text: in

text: the

text: planet

text: 's

text: magnetic

text: field

text: Other

text: candidates

text: are

text: gravity

text: waves

text: from

text: the

text: interior

text: that

text: dissipate

text: in

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: The

text: thermosphere

text: contains

text: traces

text: of

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: and

text: water

text: which

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: deposited

text: from

text: external

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: meteorites

text: and

text: dust

question: What is Neptune's temperature in the thermosphere?

answer: 750 K

text: 750 K

question: What would interact with Neptune's magnetic field to make it warm?

answer: atmospheric interaction with ions

text: atmospheric interaction with ions

question: Where would gravity waves in Neptune's interior dissipate?

answer: in the atmosphere

text: in the atmosphere

question: What does Neptune's thermosphere containers traces of?

answer: carbon dioxide and water

text: carbon dioxide and water


text: Abu el-Haj argues that genomics and the mapping of lineages and clusters liberates "the new racial science from the older one by disentangling ancestry from culture and capacity."[citation needed] As an example, she refers to recent work by Hammer et al., which aimed to test the claim that present-day Jews are more closely related to one another than to neighbouring non-Jewish populations. Hammer et al. found that the degree of genetic similarity among Jews shifted depending on the locus investigated, and suggested that this was the result of natural selection acting on particular loci. They focused on the non-recombining Y-chromosome to "circumvent some of the complications associated with selection".

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Abu

text: el

text: Haj

text: argues

text: that

text: genomics

text: and

text: the

text: mapping

text: of

text: lineages

text: and

text: clusters

text: liberates

text: the

text: new

text: racial

text: science

text: from

text: the

text: older

text: one

text: by

text: disentangling

text: ancestry

text: from

text: culture

text: and

text: capacity."[citation

text: needed

text: As

text: an

text: example

text: she

text: refers

text: to

text: recent

text: work

text: by

text: Hammer

text: et

text: al

text: which

text: aimed

text: to

text: test

text: the

text: claim

text: that

text: present

text: day

text: Jews

text: are

text: more

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: one

text: another

text: than

text: to

text: neighbouring

text: non

text: Jewish

text: populations

text: Hammer

text: et

text: al

text: found

text: that

text: the

text: degree

text: of

text: genetic

text: similarity

text: among

text: Jews

text: shifted

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: locus

text: investigated

text: and

text: suggested

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: natural

text: selection

text: acting

text: on

text: particular

text: loci

text: They

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: non

text: recombining

text: Y

text: chromosome

text: to

text: circumvent

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: complications

text: associated

text: with

text: selection

question: What does mapping clusters disentangle ancestry from?

answer: culture

text: culture

question: Hammer and others recently aimed to test what claim about how closely related present-day Jews are to what group?

answer: neighbouring non-Jewish populations

text: neighbouring non-Jewish populations

question: What shifted depending on the locus investigated?

answer: the degree of genetic similarity among Jews

text: the degree of genetic similarity among Jews

question: What was suggested the reason for the degree of genetic shift among Jews was the result of?

answer: natural selection acting on particular loci

text: natural selection acting on particular loci

question: What chromosome was focused on to circumvent some of the complications associated with selection?

answer: Y

text: Y


text: When Internet hunting was introduced in 2005, allowing people to hunt over the Internet using remotely controlled guns, the practice was widely criticised by hunters as violating the principles of fair chase. As a representative of the National Rifle Association (NRA) explained, "The NRA has always maintained that fair chase, being in the field with your firearm or bow, is an important element of hunting tradition. Sitting at your desk in front of your computer, clicking at a mouse, has nothing to do with hunting."

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: When

text: Internet

text: hunting

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: allowing

text: people

text: to

text: hunt

text: over

text: the

text: Internet

text: using

text: remotely

text: controlled

text: guns

text: the

text: practice

text: was

text: widely

text: criticised

text: by

text: hunters

text: as

text: violating

text: the

text: principles

text: of

text: fair

text: chase

text: As

text: a

text: representative

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Rifle

text: Association

text: NRA

text: explained

text: The

text: NRA

text: has

text: always

text: maintained

text: that

text: fair

text: chase

text: being

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: with

text: your

text: firearm

text: or

text: bow

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: element

text: of

text: hunting

text: tradition

text: Sitting

text: at

text: your

text: desk

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: your

text: computer

text: clicking

text: at

text: a

text: mouse

text: has

text: nothing

text: to

text: do

text: with

text: hunting

question: When was internet hunting introduced?

answer: 2005

question: How did Internet hunting allow people to hunt?

answer: using remotely controlled guns

text: using remotely controlled guns

question: Who criticized the practice of Internet hunting?

answer: hunters

text: hunters

question: What did hunters feel hunting over the Internet violated?

answer: principles of fair chase

text: principles of fair chase

question: What has the NRA always maintained that being in the field with your firearm is?

answer: an important element of hunting tradition

text: an important element of hunting tradition

question: What allows people to hunt over the internet?

answer: Internet hunting

text: Internet hunting

question: When was this type of hunting introduced?

answer: 2005

question: How is this type of hunting done?

answer: hunt over the Internet using remotely controlled guns

text: hunt over the Internet using remotely controlled guns

question: What was the principle was this type of hunting said to violate?

answer: fair chase

text: fair chase

question: Who spoke on this violation?

answer: National Rifle Association (NRA)

text: National Rifle Association (NRA)


text: Mass transit in New York City, most of which runs 24 hours a day, accounts for one in every three users of mass transit in the United States, and two-thirds of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Mass

text: transit

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: most

text: of

text: which

text: runs

text: hours

text: a

text: day

text: accounts

text: for

text: one

text: in

text: every

text: three

text: users

text: of

text: mass

text: transit

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: rail

text: riders

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

question: What fraction of United States rail riders call the New York City Metropolitan Area home?

answer: two-thirds

text: two-thirds


text: Various cases for rape, physical abuse and murder were prosecuted in court. Women, although usually having fewer rights by custom, were allowed to level civil and criminal charges against men. While suspects were jailed, convicted criminals were never imprisoned. Instead, punishments were commonly monetary fines, periods of forced hard labor for convicts, and the penalty of death by beheading. Early Han punishments of torturous mutilation were borrowed from Qin law. A series of reforms abolished mutilation punishments with progressively less-severe beatings by the bastinado.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: Various

text: cases

text: for

text: rape

text: physical

text: abuse

text: and

text: murder

text: were

text: prosecuted

text: in

text: court

text: Women

text: although

text: usually

text: having

text: fewer

text: rights

text: by

text: custom

text: were

text: allowed

text: to

text: level

text: civil

text: and

text: criminal

text: charges

text: against

text: men

text: While

text: suspects

text: were

text: jailed

text: convicted

text: criminals

text: were

text: never

text: imprisoned

text: Instead

text: punishments

text: were

text: commonly

text: monetary

text: fines

text: periods

text: of

text: forced

text: hard

text: labor

text: for

text: convicts

text: and

text: the

text: penalty

text: of

text: death

text: by

text: beheading

text: Early

text: Han

text: punishments

text: of

text: torturous

text: mutilation

text: were

text: borrowed

text: from

text: Qin

text: law

text: A

text: series

text: of

text: reforms

text: abolished

text: mutilation

text: punishments

text: with

text: progressively

text: less

text: severe

text: beatings

text: by

text: the

text: bastinado

question: What type of torture was acquired from Qin law?

answer: mutilation

text: mutilation

question: What eventually replaced torturous mutilation as a type of punishment?

answer: progressively less-severe beatings

text: progressively less-severe beatings

question: What could a criminal in this era expect not to happen if he was convicted of a crime?

answer: criminals were never imprisoned

text: criminals were never imprisoned

question: What type of extreme punishment was likely to be laid upon those who committed the harshest of crimes?

answer: death by beheading

text: death by beheading

question: What did women commonly have less of?

answer: rights

text: rights


text: Daniel Gralath was the first to combine several jars in parallel into a "battery" to increase the charge storage capacity. Benjamin Franklin investigated the Leyden jar and came to the conclusion that the charge was stored on the glass, not in the water as others had assumed. He also adopted the term "battery", (denoting the increasing of power with a row of similar units as in a battery of cannon), subsequently applied to clusters of electrochemical cells. Leyden jars were later made by coating the inside and outside of jars with metal foil, leaving a space at the mouth to prevent arcing between the foils.[citation needed] The earliest unit of capacitance was the jar, equivalent to about 1.11 nanofarads.

title: Capacitor

title: Capacitor

text: Daniel

text: Gralath

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: combine

text: several

text: jars

text: in

text: parallel

text: into

text: a

text: battery

text: to

text: increase

text: the

text: charge

text: storage

text: capacity

text: Benjamin

text: Franklin

text: investigated

text: the

text: Leyden

text: jar

text: and

text: came

text: to

text: the

text: conclusion

text: that

text: the

text: charge

text: was

text: stored

text: on

text: the

text: glass

text: not

text: in

text: the

text: water

text: as

text: others

text: had

text: assumed

text: He

text: also

text: adopted

text: the

text: term

text: battery

text: denoting

text: the

text: increasing

text: of

text: power

text: with

text: a

text: row

text: of

text: similar

text: units

text: as

text: in

text: a

text: battery

text: of

text: cannon

text: subsequently

text: applied

text: to

text: clusters

text: of

text: electrochemical

text: cells

text: Leyden

text: jars

text: were

text: later

text: made

text: by

text: coating

text: the

text: inside

text: and

text: outside

text: of

text: jars

text: with

text: metal

text: foil

text: leaving

text: a

text: space

text: at

text: the

text: mouth

text: to

text: prevent

text: arcing

text: between

text: the

text: foils.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: earliest

text: unit

text: of

text: capacitance

text: was

text: the

text: jar

text: equivalent

text: to

text: about

text: nanofarads

question: Who was the first person to connect several Leyden jars in parallel?

answer: Daniel Gralath

text: Daniel Gralath

question: Where did Benjamin Franklin believe the charge was stored in Leyden jars?

answer: stored on the glass

text: stored on the glass

question: Who coined the term "battery"?

answer: Benjamin Franklin

text: Benjamin Franklin

question: How many nanofarads did the earliest unit of capacitance equate to?

answer: 1.11 nanofarads

text: 1.11 nanofarads

question: Why was a gap left at the mouth of Leyden jars?

answer: to prevent arcing between the foils

text: to prevent arcing between the foils


text: In general, avian influenza is a disease of birds caused by bird-specific influenza A virus that is not normally transferred to people; however, people in contact with live poultry are at the greatest risk of becoming infected with the virus and this is of particular concern in areas such as Southeast Asia, where the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected. The virus possibly could mutate to become highly virulent and infectious in humans and cause an influenza pandemic.

title: Poultry

title: Poultry

text: In

text: general

text: avian

text: influenza

text: is

text: a

text: disease

text: of

text: birds

text: caused

text: by

text: bird

text: specific

text: influenza

text: A

text: virus

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: normally

text: transferred

text: to

text: people

text: however

text: people

text: in

text: contact

text: with

text: live

text: poultry

text: are

text: at

text: the

text: greatest

text: risk

text: of

text: becoming

text: infected

text: with

text: the

text: virus

text: and

text: this

text: is

text: of

text: particular

text: concern

text: in

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: where

text: the

text: disease

text: is

text: endemic

text: in

text: the

text: wild

text: bird

text: population

text: and

text: domestic

text: poultry

text: can

text: become

text: infected

text: The

text: virus

text: possibly

text: could

text: mutate

text: to

text: become

text: highly

text: virulent

text: and

text: infectious

text: in

text: humans

text: and

text: cause

text: an

text: influenza

text: pandemic

question: Is the Avian flu a risk only to animals?

answer: people in contact with live poultry are at the greatest risk of becoming infected with the virus

text: people in contact with live poultry are at the greatest risk of becoming infected with the virus

question: What portion of the world is considered to be most at risk for the rapid spread of the avian flu?

answer: areas such as Southeast Asia, where the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected

text: areas such as Southeast Asia, where the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected

question: What is the danger to humans in regards to the spread of avian flu to humans ?

answer: The virus possibly could mutate to become highly virulent and infectious in humans and cause an influenza pandemic.

text: The virus possibly could mutate to become highly virulent and infectious in humans and cause an influenza pandemic.

question: Can the avian flu be sread from wild birds to birds kept in husbandry?

answer: the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected.

text: the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected.


text: Southampton's fire cover is provided by Hampshire Fire and Rescue Service. There are three fire stations within the city boundaries at St Mary's, Hightown and Redbridge.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Southampton

text: 's

text: fire

text: cover

text: is

text: provided

text: by

text: Hampshire

text: Fire

text: and

text: Rescue

text: Service

text: There

text: are

text: three

text: fire

text: stations

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: boundaries

text: at

text: St

text: Mary

text: 's

text: Hightown

text: and

text: Redbridge

question: Who handles fires in Southampton?

answer: Hampshire Fire and Rescue Service

text: Hampshire Fire and Rescue Service

question: How many fire stations are there in Southampton city limits?

answer: three

text: three

question: Along with Hightown and Redbridge, what's the third fire station in Southampton?

answer: St Mary's

text: St Mary's