text: Dell has been attempting to offset its declining PC business, which still accounted for half of its revenue and generates steady cash flow, by expanding into the enterprise market with servers, networking, software, and services. It avoided many of the acquisition writedowns and management turnover that plagued its chief rival Hewlett Packard. Dell also managed some success in taking advantage of its high-touch direct sales heritage to establish close relationships and design solutions for clients. Despite spending $13 billion on acquisitions to diversify its portfolio beyond hardware, the company was unable to convince the market that it could thrive or made the transformation in the post-PC world, as it suffered continued declines in revenue and share price. Dell's market share in the corporate segment was previously a "moat" against rivals but this has no longer been the case as sales and profits have fallen precipitously.

title: Dell

title: Dell

text: Dell

text: has

text: been

text: attempting

text: to

text: offset

text: its

text: declining

text: PC

text: business

text: which

text: still

text: accounted

text: for

text: half

text: of

text: its

text: revenue

text: and

text: generates

text: steady

text: cash

text: flow

text: by

text: expanding

text: into

text: the

text: enterprise

text: market

text: with

text: servers

text: networking

text: software

text: and

text: services

text: It

text: avoided

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: acquisition

text: writedowns

text: and

text: management

text: turnover

text: that

text: plagued

text: its

text: chief

text: rival

text: Hewlett

text: Packard

text: Dell

text: also

text: managed

text: some

text: success

text: in

text: taking

text: advantage

text: of

text: its

text: high

text: touch

text: direct

text: sales

text: heritage

text: to

text: establish

text: close

text: relationships

text: and

text: design

text: solutions

text: for

text: clients

text: Despite

text: spending

text: billion

text: on

text: acquisitions

text: to

text: diversify

text: its

text: portfolio

text: beyond

text: hardware

text: the

text: company

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: convince

text: the

text: market

text: that

text: it

text: could

text: thrive

text: or

text: made

text: the

text: transformation

text: in

text: the

text: post

text: PC

text: world

text: as

text: it

text: suffered

text: continued

text: declines

text: in

text: revenue

text: and

text: share

text: price

text: Dell

text: 's

text: market

text: share

text: in

text: the

text: corporate

text: segment

text: was

text: previously

text: a

text: moat

text: against

text: rivals

text: but

text: this

text: has

text: no

text: longer

text: been

text: the

text: case

text: as

text: sales

text: and

text: profits

text: have

text: fallen

text: precipitously

question: How much of Dell's revenue was its PC division?

answer: half

text: half

question: Who was Dell's main business rival?

answer: Hewlett Packard

text: Hewlett Packard

question: How much did Dell spend on acquiring different divisions?

answer: $13 billion

text: $13 billion

question: What happened to Dell's revenue and share price in the post-PC market?

answer: declines

text: declines


text: Fimbriae (sometimes called "attachment pili") are fine filaments of protein, usually 2–10 nanometres in diameter and up to several micrometers in length. They are distributed over the surface of the cell, and resemble fine hairs when seen under the electron microscope. Fimbriae are believed to be involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells, and are essential for the virulence of some bacterial pathogens. Pili (sing. pilus) are cellular appendages, slightly larger than fimbriae, that can transfer genetic material between bacterial cells in a process called conjugation where they are called conjugation pili or "sex pili" (see bacterial genetics, below). They can also generate movement where they are called type IV pili (see movement, below).

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: Fimbriae

text: sometimes

text: called

text: attachment

text: pili

text: are

text: fine

text: filaments

text: of

text: protein

text: usually

text: nanometres

text: in

text: diameter

text: and

text: up

text: to

text: several

text: micrometers

text: in

text: length

text: They

text: are

text: distributed

text: over

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: cell

text: and

text: resemble

text: fine

text: hairs

text: when

text: seen

text: under

text: the

text: electron

text: microscope

text: Fimbriae

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: involved

text: in

text: attachment

text: to

text: solid

text: surfaces

text: or

text: to

text: other

text: cells

text: and

text: are

text: essential

text: for

text: the

text: virulence

text: of

text: some

text: bacterial

text: pathogens

text: Pili

text: sing

text: pilus

text: are

text: cellular

text: appendages

text: slightly

text: larger

text: than

text: fimbriae

text: that

text: can

text: transfer

text: genetic

text: material

text: between

text: bacterial

text: cells

text: in

text: a

text: process

text: called

text: conjugation

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: conjugation

text: pili

text: or

text: sex

text: pili

text: see

text: bacterial

text: genetics

text: below

text: They

text: can

text: also

text: generate

text: movement

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: type

text: IV

text: pili

text: see

text: movement

text: below

question: What are fimbriae?

answer: fine filaments of protein

text: fine filaments of protein

question: What are fimbriae liable for?

answer: involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells

text: involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells

question: What is the diameter of fimbriae?

answer: 2–10 nanometres

text: 2–10 nanometres

question: What are pili?

answer: cellular appendages

text: cellular appendages


text: The name Ashkenazi derives from the biblical figure of Ashkenaz, the first son of Gomer, son of Khaphet, son of Noah, and a Japhetic patriarch in the Table of Nations (Genesis 10). The name of Gomer has often been linked to the ethnonym Cimmerians. Biblical Ashkenaz is usually derived from Assyrian Aškūza (cuneiform Aškuzai/Iškuzai), a people who expelled the Cimmerians from the Armenian area of the Upper Euphrates, whose name is usually associated with the name of the Scythians. The intrusive n in the Biblical name is likely due to a scribal error confusing a waw ו with a nun נ.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: The

text: name

text: Ashkenazi

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: biblical

text: figure

text: of

text: Ashkenaz

text: the

text: first

text: son

text: of

text: Gomer

text: son

text: of

text: Khaphet

text: son

text: of

text: Noah

text: and

text: a

text: Japhetic

text: patriarch

text: in

text: the

text: Table

text: of

text: Nations

text: Genesis

text: The

text: name

text: of

text: Gomer

text: has

text: often

text: been

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: ethnonym

text: Cimmerians

text: Biblical

text: Ashkenaz

text: is

text: usually

text: derived

text: from

text: Assyrian

text: Aškūza

text: cuneiform

text: Aškuzai

text: Iškuzai

text: a

text: people

text: who

text: expelled

text: the

text: Cimmerians

text: from

text: the

text: Armenian

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: Upper

text: Euphrates

text: whose

text: name

text: is

text: usually

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: Scythians

text: The

text: intrusive

text: n

text: in

text: the

text: Biblical

text: name

text: is

text: likely

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: scribal

text: error

text: confusing

text: a

text: waw

text: ו

text: with

text: a

text: nun

text: נ

question: The name of Ashkenazi derives from which biblical figure?

answer: Ashkenaz

text: Ashkenaz

question: Ashkenaz was the first son of whom?

answer: Gomer

text: Gomer

question: The name of Gomer has often been linked to what ethnonym?

answer: Cimmerians

text: Cimmerians

question: Assyrian Aškūza expelled which group from the Armenian area of the Upper Euphrates?

answer: Cimmerians

text: Cimmerians


text: The city is home to several colleges and universities. Oklahoma City University, formerly known as Epworth University, was founded by the United Methodist Church on September 1, 1904 and is renowned for its performing arts, science, mass communications, business, law, and athletic programs. OCU has its main campus in the north-central section of the city, near the city's chinatown area. OCU Law is located in the Midtown district near downtown, in the old Central High School building.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: several

text: colleges

text: and

text: universities

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: University

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Epworth

text: University

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Methodist

text: Church

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: is

text: renowned

text: for

text: its

text: performing

text: arts

text: science

text: mass

text: communications

text: business

text: law

text: and

text: athletic

text: programs

text: OCU

text: has

text: its

text: main

text: campus

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: central

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: near

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: chinatown

text: area

text: OCU

text: Law

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Midtown

text: district

text: near

text: downtown

text: in

text: the

text: old

text: Central

text: High

text: School

text: building

question: What was the original name of Oklahoma City University?

answer: Epworth University

text: Epworth University

question: When was the university founded?

answer: September 1, 1904

text: September 1, 1904


text: The biggest Presbyterian church is the National Presbyterian Church in Mexico (Iglesia Nacional Presbiteriana de México), which has around 2,500,000 members and associates and 3000 congregations, but there are other small denominations like the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church in Mexico which was founded in 1875 by the Associate Reformed Church in North America. The Independent Presbyterian Church and the Presbyterian Reformed Church in Mexico, the National Conservative Presbyterian Church in Mexico are existing churches in the Reformed tradition.

title: Presbyterianism

title: Presbyterianism

text: The

text: biggest

text: Presbyterian

text: church

text: is

text: the

text: National

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: in

text: Mexico

text: Iglesia

text: Nacional

text: Presbiteriana

text: de

text: México

text: which

text: has

text: around

text: members

text: and

text: associates

text: and

text: congregations

text: but

text: there

text: are

text: other

text: small

text: denominations

text: like

text: the

text: Associate

text: Reformed

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: in

text: Mexico

text: which

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Associate

text: Reformed

text: Church

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: The

text: Independent

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: and

text: the

text: Presbyterian

text: Reformed

text: Church

text: in

text: Mexico

text: the

text: National

text: Conservative

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: in

text: Mexico

text: are

text: existing

text: churches

text: in

text: the

text: Reformed

text: tradition

question: What is the name of the largest Presbyterian church in Mexico?

answer: National Presbyterian Church in Mexico (Iglesia Nacional Presbiteriana de México)

text: National Presbyterian Church in Mexico (Iglesia Nacional Presbiteriana de México)

question: How many members are in the National Presbyterian Church in Mexico?

answer: 2,500,000

question: When was the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church in Mexico formed?

answer: 1875


text: She met director Guy Ritchie, who would become her second husband, in November 1998 and gave birth to their son Rocco John Ritchie on August 11, 2000 in Los Angeles. Rocco and Madonna suffered complications from the birth due to her experiencing placenta praevia. He was christened at Dornoch Cathedral in Dornoch, Scotland, on December 21, 2000. Madonna married Ritchie the following day at nearby Skibo Castle. Her fifth concert tour, titled Drowned World Tour, started in June 2001. The tour visited cities in the U.S. and Europe and was the highest-grossing concert tour of the year by a solo artist, earning $75 million from 47 sold-out shows. She also released her second greatest-hits collection, titled GHV2, to coincide with the home video release of the tour. GHV2 debuted at number seven on the Billboard 200.

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: She

text: met

text: director

text: Guy

text: Ritchie

text: who

text: would

text: become

text: her

text: second

text: husband

text: in

text: November

text: and

text: gave

text: birth

text: to

text: their

text: son

text: Rocco

text: John

text: Ritchie

text: on

text: August

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Rocco

text: and

text: Madonna

text: suffered

text: complications

text: from

text: the

text: birth

text: due

text: to

text: her

text: experiencing

text: placenta

text: praevia

text: He

text: was

text: christened

text: at

text: Dornoch

text: Cathedral

text: in

text: Dornoch

text: Scotland

text: on

text: December

text: Madonna

text: married

text: Ritchie

text: the

text: following

text: day

text: at

text: nearby

text: Skibo

text: Castle

text: Her

text: fifth

text: concert

text: tour

text: titled

text: Drowned

text: World

text: Tour

text: started

text: in

text: June

text: The

text: tour

text: visited

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: Europe

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: highest

text: grossing

text: concert

text: tour

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: by

text: a

text: solo

text: artist

text: earning

text: million

text: from

text: sold

text: out

text: shows

text: She

text: also

text: released

text: her

text: second

text: greatest

text: hits

text: collection

text: titled

text: to

text: coincide

text: with

text: the

text: home

text: video

text: release

text: of

text: the

text: tour

text: debuted

text: at

text: number

text: seven

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

question: Who is Madonna's second husband?

answer: Guy Ritchie

text: Guy Ritchie

question: When did Madonna marry Guy Ritchie?

answer: December 21, 2000.

text: December 21, 2000.

question: When was Rocco John Ritchie born?

answer: August 11, 2000

text: August 11, 2000

question: What type of birth complications did Madonna suffer at birth?

answer: placenta praevia

text: placenta praevia

question: When did Madonna's Drowned World Tour start?

answer: June 2001

text: June 2001


text: According to Sadat, it was only when the Israelis cut off the Egyptian garrison at Sharm el-Sheikh that Nasser became aware of the situation's gravity. After hearing of the attack, he rushed to army headquarters to inquire about the military situation. The simmering conflict between Nasser and Amer subsequently came to the fore, and officers present reported the pair burst into "a nonstop shouting match". The Supreme Executive Committee, set up by Nasser to oversee the conduct of the war, attributed the repeated Egyptian defeats to the Nasser–Amer rivalry and Amer's overall incompetence. According to Egyptian diplomat Ismail Fahmi, who became foreign minister during Sadat's presidency, the Israeli invasion and Egypt's consequent defeat was a result of Nasser's dismissal of all rational analysis of the situation and his undertaking of a series of irrational decisions.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: According

text: to

text: Sadat

text: it

text: was

text: only

text: when

text: the

text: Israelis

text: cut

text: off

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: garrison

text: at

text: Sharm

text: el

text: Sheikh

text: that

text: Nasser

text: became

text: aware

text: of

text: the

text: situation

text: 's

text: gravity

text: After

text: hearing

text: of

text: the

text: attack

text: he

text: rushed

text: to

text: army

text: headquarters

text: to

text: inquire

text: about

text: the

text: military

text: situation

text: The

text: simmering

text: conflict

text: between

text: Nasser

text: and

text: Amer

text: subsequently

text: came

text: to

text: the

text: fore

text: and

text: officers

text: present

text: reported

text: the

text: pair

text: burst

text: into

text: a

text: nonstop

text: shouting

text: match

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Executive

text: Committee

text: set

text: up

text: by

text: Nasser

text: to

text: oversee

text: the

text: conduct

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: attributed

text: the

text: repeated

text: Egyptian

text: defeats

text: to

text: the

text: Nasser

text: Amer

text: rivalry

text: and

text: Amer

text: 's

text: overall

text: incompetence

text: According

text: to

text: Egyptian

text: diplomat

text: Ismail

text: Fahmi

text: who

text: became

text: foreign

text: minister

text: during

text: Sadat

text: 's

text: presidency

text: the

text: Israeli

text: invasion

text: and

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: consequent

text: defeat

text: was

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: dismissal

text: of

text: all

text: rational

text: analysis

text: of

text: the

text: situation

text: and

text: his

text: undertaking

text: of

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: irrational

text: decisions

question: What defeat opened Nasser's eyes to the desperation of Egypt's situation?

answer: Sharm el-Sheikh

text: Sharm el-Sheikh

question: What two Egyptian leaders personal conflicts played a large part in Egypt's poor showing  in the war?

answer: Nasser–Amer

text: Nasser–Amer

question: What did Nasser dismiss during the war?

answer: rational analysis

text: rational analysis


text: The term parinirvana is also encountered in Buddhism, and this generally refers to the complete nirvana attained by the arahant at the moment of death, when the physical body expires.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: The

text: term

text: parinirvana

text: is

text: also

text: encountered

text: in

text: Buddhism

text: and

text: this

text: generally

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: complete

text: nirvana

text: attained

text: by

text: the

text: arahant

text: at

text: the

text: moment

text: of

text: death

text: when

text: the

text: physical

text: body

text: expires

question: What term is used for the complete nirvana attained by the arahant at death?

answer: parinirvana

text: parinirvana


text: The per capita income of the Republic is often listed as being approximately $400 a year, one of the lowest in the world, but this figure is based mostly on reported sales of exports and largely ignores the unregistered sale of foods, locally produced alcoholic beverages, diamonds, ivory, bushmeat, and traditional medicine. For most Central Africans, the informal economy of the CAR is more important than the formal economy.[citation needed] Export trade is hindered by poor economic development and the country's landlocked position.[citation needed]

title: Central_African_Republic

title: Central_African_Republic

text: The

text: per

text: capita

text: income

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: is

text: often

text: listed

text: as

text: being

text: approximately

text: a

text: year

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: lowest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: but

text: this

text: figure

text: is

text: based

text: mostly

text: on

text: reported

text: sales

text: of

text: exports

text: and

text: largely

text: ignores

text: the

text: unregistered

text: sale

text: of

text: foods

text: locally

text: produced

text: alcoholic

text: beverages

text: diamonds

text: ivory

text: bushmeat

text: and

text: traditional

text: medicine

text: For

text: most

text: Central

text: Africans

text: the

text: informal

text: economy

text: of

text: the

text: CAR

text: is

text: more

text: important

text: than

text: the

text: formal

text: economy.[citation

text: needed

text: Export

text: trade

text: is

text: hindered

text: by

text: poor

text: economic

text: development

text: and

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: landlocked

text: position.[citation

text: needed

question: What is the per capita income in CAR?

answer: $400 a year

text: $400 a year

question: How is the per capita income compared to the world?

answer: one of the lowest

text: one of the lowest

question: What gemstone comes from the CAR?

answer: diamonds

text: diamonds

question: Which item that poachers kill elephants for can be obtained in CAR?

answer: ivory

text: ivory

question: What hinders export?

answer: country's landlocked position

text: country's landlocked position


text: Sanskrit, as defined by Pāṇini, evolved out of the earlier Vedic form. The present form of Vedic Sanskrit can be traced back to as early as the second millennium BCE (for Rig-vedic). Scholars often distinguish Vedic Sanskrit and Classical or "Pāṇinian" Sanskrit as separate dialects. Though they are quite similar, they differ in a number of essential points of phonology, vocabulary, grammar and syntax. Vedic Sanskrit is the language of the Vedas, a large collection of hymns, incantations (Samhitas) and theological and religio-philosophical discussions in the Brahmanas and Upanishads. Modern linguists consider the metrical hymns of the Rigveda Samhita to be the earliest, composed by many authors over several centuries of oral tradition. The end of the Vedic period is marked by the composition of the Upanishads, which form the concluding part of the traditional Vedic corpus; however, the early Sutras are Vedic, too, both in language and content.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Sanskrit

text: as

text: defined

text: by

text: Pāṇini

text: evolved

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: earlier

text: Vedic

text: form

text: The

text: present

text: form

text: of

text: Vedic

text: Sanskrit

text: can

text: be

text: traced

text: back

text: to

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: millennium

text: BCE

text: for

text: Rig

text: vedic

text: Scholars

text: often

text: distinguish

text: Vedic

text: Sanskrit

text: and

text: Classical

text: or

text: Pāṇinian

text: Sanskrit

text: as

text: separate

text: dialects

text: Though

text: they

text: are

text: quite

text: similar

text: they

text: differ

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: essential

text: points

text: of

text: phonology

text: vocabulary

text: grammar

text: and

text: syntax

text: Vedic

text: Sanskrit

text: is

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: Vedas

text: a

text: large

text: collection

text: of

text: hymns

text: incantations

text: Samhitas

text: and

text: theological

text: and

text: religio

text: philosophical

text: discussions

text: in

text: the

text: Brahmanas

text: and

text: Upanishads

text: Modern

text: linguists

text: consider

text: the

text: metrical

text: hymns

text: of

text: the

text: Rigveda

text: Samhita

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: earliest

text: composed

text: by

text: many

text: authors

text: over

text: several

text: centuries

text: of

text: oral

text: tradition

text: The

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Vedic

text: period

text: is

text: marked

text: by

text: the

text: composition

text: of

text: the

text: Upanishads

text: which

text: form

text: the

text: concluding

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: Vedic

text: corpus

text: however

text: the

text: early

text: Sutras

text: are

text: Vedic

text: too

text: both

text: in

text: language

text: and

text: content

question: According to Panini, from where did Sanskrit evolve?

answer: earlier Vedic

text: earlier Vedic

question: To what time can the present form of Sanskrit be traced?

answer: second millennium BCE

text: second millennium BCE

question: As what are Classical and Vedic Sanskrit often viewed?

answer: separate dialects

text: separate dialects

question: What is Vedic Sanskrit meant to be used as?

answer: the Vedas

text: the Vedas

question: What hymns are thought to be the earliest?

answer: Rigveda Samhita

text: Rigveda Samhita


text: In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguished by whether they have one or the other.

title: Aspirated_consonant

title: Aspirated_consonant

text: In

text: many

text: languages

text: such

text: as

text: Armenian

text: Korean

text: Thai

text: Indo

text: Aryan

text: languages

text: Dravidian

text: languages

text: Icelandic

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: and

text: the

text: varieties

text: of

text: Chinese

text: tenuis

text: and

text: aspirated

text: consonants

text: are

text: phonemic

text: Unaspirated

text: consonants

text: like

text: p˭

text: s˭

text: and

text: aspirated

text: consonants

text: like

text: pʰ

text: ʰp

text: sʰ

text: are

text: separate

text: phonemes

text: and

text: words

text: are

text: distinguished

text: by

text: whether

text: they

text: have

text: one

text: or

text: the

text: other

question: In languages like Thai and Icelandic, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?

answer: phonemic

text: phonemic

question: [p˭ s˭] and [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate what?

answer: phonemes

text: phonemes


text: The terms piracy and theft are often associated with copyright infringement. The original meaning of piracy is "robbery or illegal violence at sea", but the term has been in use for centuries as a synonym for acts of copyright infringement. Theft, meanwhile, emphasizes the potential commercial harm of infringement to copyright holders. However, copyright is a type of intellectual property, an area of law distinct from that which covers robbery or theft, offenses related only to tangible property. Not all copyright infringement results in commercial loss, and the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1985 that infringement does not easily equate with theft.

title: Copyright_infringement

title: Copyright_infringement

text: The

text: terms

text: piracy

text: and

text: theft

text: are

text: often

text: associated

text: with

text: copyright

text: infringement

text: The

text: original

text: meaning

text: of

text: piracy

text: is

text: robbery

text: or

text: illegal

text: violence

text: at

text: sea

text: but

text: the

text: term

text: has

text: been

text: in

text: use

text: for

text: centuries

text: as

text: a

text: synonym

text: for

text: acts

text: of

text: copyright

text: infringement

text: Theft

text: meanwhile

text: emphasizes

text: the

text: potential

text: commercial

text: harm

text: of

text: infringement

text: to

text: copyright

text: holders

text: However

text: copyright

text: is

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: intellectual

text: property

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: law

text: distinct

text: from

text: that

text: which

text: covers

text: robbery

text: or

text: theft

text: offenses

text: related

text: only

text: to

text: tangible

text: property

text: Not

text: all

text: copyright

text: infringement

text: results

text: in

text: commercial

text: loss

text: and

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: ruled

text: in

text: that

text: infringement

text: does

text: not

text: easily

text: equate

text: with

text: theft

question: What terms are often linked to people who illegally use or distribute content that is not their own?

answer: piracy and theft

text: piracy and theft

question: What means the same as robbery or illegal violence at sea?

answer: piracy

text: piracy

question: What kind of property is copyright used for?

answer: intellectual property

text: intellectual property

question: What is the difference between robbery and piracy?

answer: related only to tangible property

text: related only to tangible property

question: In the 1980's, the Supreme Court ruled that infringement does not equal what?

answer: theft

text: theft


text: France and the UK, the largest shareholders in the Suez Canal Company, saw its nationalization as yet another hostile measure aimed at them by the Egyptian government. Nasser was aware that the canal's nationalization would instigate an international crisis and believed the prospect of military intervention by the two countries was 80 per cent likely. He believed, however, that the UK would not be able to intervene militarily for at least two months after the announcement, and dismissed Israeli action as "impossible". In early October, the UN Security Council met on the matter of the canal's nationalization and adopted a resolution recognizing Egypt's right to control the canal as long as it continued to allow passage through it for foreign ships. According to Heikal, after this agreement, "Nasser estimated that the danger of invasion had dropped to 10 per cent". Shortly thereafter, however, the UK, France, and Israel made a secret agreement to take over the Suez Canal, occupy the Suez Canal zone, and topple Nasser.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: UK

text: the

text: largest

text: shareholders

text: in

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: Company

text: saw

text: its

text: nationalization

text: as

text: yet

text: another

text: hostile

text: measure

text: aimed

text: at

text: them

text: by

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: government

text: Nasser

text: was

text: aware

text: that

text: the

text: canal

text: 's

text: nationalization

text: would

text: instigate

text: an

text: international

text: crisis

text: and

text: believed

text: the

text: prospect

text: of

text: military

text: intervention

text: by

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: was

text: per

text: cent

text: likely

text: He

text: believed

text: however

text: that

text: the

text: UK

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: intervene

text: militarily

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: announcement

text: and

text: dismissed

text: Israeli

text: action

text: as

text: impossible

text: In

text: early

text: October

text: the

text: UN

text: Security

text: Council

text: met

text: on

text: the

text: matter

text: of

text: the

text: canal

text: 's

text: nationalization

text: and

text: adopted

text: a

text: resolution

text: recognizing

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: right

text: to

text: control

text: the

text: canal

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: it

text: continued

text: to

text: allow

text: passage

text: through

text: it

text: for

text: foreign

text: ships

text: According

text: to

text: Heikal

text: after

text: this

text: agreement

text: Nasser

text: estimated

text: that

text: the

text: danger

text: of

text: invasion

text: had

text: dropped

text: to

text: per

text: cent

text: Shortly

text: thereafter

text: however

text: the

text: UK

text: France

text: and

text: Israel

text: made

text: a

text: secret

text: agreement

text: to

text: take

text: over

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: occupy

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: zone

text: and

text: topple

text: Nasser

question: What nations were outraged by the nationalization scheme?

answer: France and the UK

text: France and the UK

question: What nation did Nasser judge impossible to become militarially involved?

answer: Israel

text: Israel

question: What entity drew up an agreement that drastically reduced the threat of military action against Egypt?

answer: UN Security Council

text: UN Security Council

question: What did the UK, France and Israel intend to do to Nasser?

answer: topple

text: topple


text: Anthropology and many other current fields are the intellectual results of the comparative methods developed in the earlier 19th century. Theorists in such diverse fields as anatomy, linguistics, and Ethnology, making feature-by-feature comparisons of their subject matters, were beginning to suspect that similarities between animals, languages, and folkways were the result of processes or laws unknown to them then. For them, the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species was the epiphany of everything they had begun to suspect. Darwin himself arrived at his conclusions through comparison of species he had seen in agronomy and in the wild.

title: Anthropology

title: Anthropology

text: Anthropology

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: current

text: fields

text: are

text: the

text: intellectual

text: results

text: of

text: the

text: comparative

text: methods

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: earlier

text: century

text: Theorists

text: in

text: such

text: diverse

text: fields

text: as

text: anatomy

text: linguistics

text: and

text: Ethnology

text: making

text: feature

text: by

text: feature

text: comparisons

text: of

text: their

text: subject

text: matters

text: were

text: beginning

text: to

text: suspect

text: that

text: similarities

text: between

text: animals

text: languages

text: and

text: folkways

text: were

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: processes

text: or

text: laws

text: unknown

text: to

text: them

text: then

text: For

text: them

text: the

text: publication

text: of

text: Charles

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: On

text: the

text: Origin

text: of

text: Species

text: was

text: the

text: epiphany

text: of

text: everything

text: they

text: had

text: begun

text: to

text: suspect

text: Darwin

text: himself

text: arrived

text: at

text: his

text: conclusions

text: through

text: comparison

text: of

text: species

text: he

text: had

text: seen

text: in

text: agronomy

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: wild

question: What is anthropology the intellectual results of?

answer: comparative methods

text: comparative methods

question: What were theorists in diverse fields beginning to notice between animals and languages?

answer: similarities

text: similarities

question: What did the theorists suspect these patterns were the result of?

answer: processes or laws unknown to them then

text: processes or laws unknown to them then

question: What was Darwin's On The Origin of Species for theorists?

answer: epiphany

text: epiphany

question: How did Darwin arrive at his conclusions?

answer: comparison of species

text: comparison of species


text: Modern archaeology has led to the discovery of Han artwork portraying inventions which were otherwise absent in Han literary sources. As observed in Han miniature tomb models, but not in literary sources, the crank handle was used to operate the fans of winnowing machines that separated grain from chaff. The odometer cart, invented during Han, measured journey lengths, using mechanical figures banging drums and gongs to indicate each distance traveled. This invention is depicted in Han artwork by the 2nd century AD, yet detailed written descriptions were not offered until the 3rd century AD. Modern archaeologists have also unearthed specimens of devices used during the Han dynasty, for example a pair of sliding metal calipers used by craftsmen for making minute measurements. These calipers contain inscriptions of the exact day and year they were manufactured. These tools are not mentioned in any Han literary sources.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: Modern

text: archaeology

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: Han

text: artwork

text: portraying

text: inventions

text: which

text: were

text: otherwise

text: absent

text: in

text: Han

text: literary

text: sources

text: As

text: observed

text: in

text: Han

text: miniature

text: tomb

text: models

text: but

text: not

text: in

text: literary

text: sources

text: the

text: crank

text: handle

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: operate

text: the

text: fans

text: of

text: winnowing

text: machines

text: that

text: separated

text: grain

text: from

text: chaff

text: The

text: odometer

text: cart

text: invented

text: during

text: Han

text: measured

text: journey

text: lengths

text: using

text: mechanical

text: figures

text: banging

text: drums

text: and

text: gongs

text: to

text: indicate

text: each

text: distance

text: traveled

text: This

text: invention

text: is

text: depicted

text: in

text: Han

text: artwork

text: by

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: yet

text: detailed

text: written

text: descriptions

text: were

text: not

text: offered

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: Modern

text: archaeologists

text: have

text: also

text: unearthed

text: specimens

text: of

text: devices

text: used

text: during

text: the

text: Han

text: dynasty

text: for

text: example

text: a

text: pair

text: of

text: sliding

text: metal

text: calipers

text: used

text: by

text: craftsmen

text: for

text: making

text: minute

text: measurements

text: These

text: calipers

text: contain

text: inscriptions

text: of

text: the

text: exact

text: day

text: and

text: year

text: they

text: were

text: manufactured

text: These

text: tools

text: are

text: not

text: mentioned

text: in

text: any

text: Han

text: literary

text: sources

question: During which period was the odometer cart first created?

answer: Han

text: Han

question: What item was used to make very small measurements during this era?

answer: sliding metal calipers

text: sliding metal calipers

question: What has allowed us to discover long lost inventions of the Han era?

answer: artwork

text: artwork

question: What was used to separate parts of grain?

answer: winnowing machines

text: winnowing machines

question: What use did the odometer cart provide?

answer: measured journey lengths

text: measured journey lengths


text: The day after the Pact was signed, the French and British military negotiation delegation urgently requested a meeting with Soviet military negotiator Kliment Voroshilov. On August 25, Voroshilov told them "[i]n view of the changed political situation, no useful purpose can be served in continuing the conversation." That day, Hitler told the British ambassador to Berlin that the pact with the Soviets prevented Germany from facing a two front war, changing the strategic situation from that in World War I, and that Britain should accept his demands regarding Poland.

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: The

text: day

text: after

text: the

text: Pact

text: was

text: signed

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: British

text: military

text: negotiation

text: delegation

text: urgently

text: requested

text: a

text: meeting

text: with

text: Soviet

text: military

text: negotiator

text: Kliment

text: Voroshilov

text: On

text: August

text: Voroshilov

text: told

text: them

text: i]n

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: changed

text: political

text: situation

text: no

text: useful

text: purpose

text: can

text: be

text: served

text: in

text: continuing

text: the

text: conversation

text: That

text: day

text: Hitler

text: told

text: the

text: British

text: ambassador

text: to

text: Berlin

text: that

text: the

text: pact

text: with

text: the

text: Soviets

text: prevented

text: Germany

text: from

text: facing

text: a

text: two

text: front

text: war

text: changing

text: the

text: strategic

text: situation

text: from

text: that

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: and

text: that

text: Britain

text: should

text: accept

text: his

text: demands

text: regarding

text: Poland

question: What was the response of  Kliment Voroshilov in regards to further conversations with Britain and France?

answer: no useful purpose

text: no useful purpose

question: Who should accept the annexation of Poland?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: By accepting the deal with the USSR, Hitler admitted that it prevented what?

answer: facing a two front war

text: facing a two front war


text: The various Germanic states in the west all had coinages that imitated existing Roman and Byzantine forms. Gold continued to be minted until the end of the 7th century, when it was replaced by silver coins. The basic Frankish silver coin was the denarius or denier, while the Anglo-Saxon version was called a penny. From these areas, the denier or penny spread throughout Europe during the centuries from 700 to 1000. Copper or bronze coins were not struck, nor were gold except in Southern Europe. No silver coins denominated in multiple units were minted.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: The

text: various

text: Germanic

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: all

text: had

text: coinages

text: that

text: imitated

text: existing

text: Roman

text: and

text: Byzantine

text: forms

text: Gold

text: continued

text: to

text: be

text: minted

text: until

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: silver

text: coins

text: The

text: basic

text: Frankish

text: silver

text: coin

text: was

text: the

text: denarius

text: or

text: denier

text: while

text: the

text: Anglo

text: Saxon

text: version

text: was

text: called

text: a

text: penny

text: From

text: these

text: areas

text: the

text: denier

text: or

text: penny

text: spread

text: throughout

text: Europe

text: during

text: the

text: centuries

text: from

text: to

text: Copper

text: or

text: bronze

text: coins

text: were

text: not

text: struck

text: nor

text: were

text: gold

text: except

text: in

text: Southern

text: Europe

text: No

text: silver

text: coins

text: denominated

text: in

text: multiple

text: units

text: were

text: minted

question: During what century did gold coinage cease?

answer: 7th

question: Coinage from what metal replaced gold coinage?

answer: silver

text: silver

question: What was the Anglo-Saxon silver coin called?

answer: penny

text: penny

question: What was another name for the denarius?

answer: denier

text: denier

question: In what part of Europe were gold coins still minted?

answer: Southern Europe

text: Southern Europe


text: The City Planning Commission, tasked with guiding growth and development of the city, has divided the city into 18 planning districts as part of the Philadelphia2035 physical development plan. Much of the city's 1980 zoning code was overhauled from 2007–2012 as part of a joint effort between former mayors John F. Street and Michael Nutter. The zoning changes were intended to rectify incorrect zoning mapping that would streamline future community preferences and development, which the city forecasts an additional 100,000 residents and 40,000 jobs to be added to Philadelphia in 2035.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: The

text: City

text: Planning

text: Commission

text: tasked

text: with

text: guiding

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: divided

text: the

text: city

text: into

text: planning

text: districts

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: physical

text: development

text: plan

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: zoning

text: code

text: was

text: overhauled

text: from

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: joint

text: effort

text: between

text: former

text: mayors

text: John

text: F.

text: Street

text: and

text: Michael

text: Nutter

text: The

text: zoning

text: changes

text: were

text: intended

text: to

text: rectify

text: incorrect

text: zoning

text: mapping

text: that

text: would

text: streamline

text: future

text: community

text: preferences

text: and

text: development

text: which

text: the

text: city

text: forecasts

text: an

text: additional

text: residents

text: and

text: jobs

text: to

text: be

text: added

text: to

text: Philadelphia

text: in

question: How many planning districts make up Philadelphia?

answer: 18

question: When was the 1980 zoning code revamped?

answer: 2007–2012

question: Which two mayors accomplished the zoning code revamp?

answer: John F. Street and Michael Nutter

text: John F. Street and Michael Nutter


text: Higher education, also called tertiary, third stage, or postsecondary education, is the non-compulsory educational level that follows the completion of a school such as a high school or secondary school. Tertiary education is normally taken to include undergraduate and postgraduate education, as well as vocational education and training. Colleges and universities mainly provide tertiary education. Collectively, these are sometimes known as tertiary institutions. Individuals who complete tertiary education generally receive certificates, diplomas, or academic degrees.

title: Education

title: Education

text: Higher

text: education

text: also

text: called

text: tertiary

text: third

text: stage

text: or

text: postsecondary

text: education

text: is

text: the

text: non

text: compulsory

text: educational

text: level

text: that

text: follows

text: the

text: completion

text: of

text: a

text: school

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: high

text: school

text: or

text: secondary

text: school

text: Tertiary

text: education

text: is

text: normally

text: taken

text: to

text: include

text: undergraduate

text: and

text: postgraduate

text: education

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: vocational

text: education

text: and

text: training

text: Colleges

text: and

text: universities

text: mainly

text: provide

text: tertiary

text: education

text: Collectively

text: these

text: are

text: sometimes

text: known

text: as

text: tertiary

text: institutions

text: Individuals

text: who

text: complete

text: tertiary

text: education

text: generally

text: receive

text: certificates

text: diplomas

text: or

text: academic

text: degrees

question: What was another name used for Higher Education?

answer: tertiary, third stage, or postsecondary education

text: tertiary, third stage, or postsecondary education

question: What is High Education?

answer: follows the completion of a school such as a high school

text: follows the completion of a school such as a high school

question: What does Tertiary education include?

answer: undergraduate and postgraduate education

text: undergraduate and postgraduate education


text: When not dressed in Westernized clothing such as jeans and t-shirts, Somali men typically wear the macawis, which is a sarong-like garment worn around the waist. On their heads, they often wrap a colorful turban or wear the koofiyad, an embroidered fez.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: When

text: not

text: dressed

text: in

text: Westernized

text: clothing

text: such

text: as

text: jeans

text: and

text: t

text: shirts

text: Somali

text: men

text: typically

text: wear

text: the

text: macawis

text: which

text: is

text: a

text: sarong

text: like

text: garment

text: worn

text: around

text: the

text: waist

text: On

text: their

text: heads

text: they

text: often

text: wrap

text: a

text: colorful

text: turban

text: or

text: wear

text: the

text: koofiyad

text: an

text: embroidered

text: fez

question: What is a koofiyad?

answer: an embroidered fez

text: an embroidered fez

question: What do Somali men wear when they aren't wearing Western clothing?

answer: the macawis

text: the macawis

question: Where is the macawis worn?

answer: around the waist

text: around the waist

question: What piece of clothing is the macawis similar to?

answer: sarong

text: sarong

question: Aside from the koofiyad, what do Somali men wear on their head?

answer: turban

text: turban


text: Southampton also has 2 community FM radio stations, the Queens Award winning Unity 101 Community Radio (www.unity101.org) broadcasting full-time on 101.1 FM since 2006 to the Asian and Ethnic communities, and Voice FM (http://www.voicefmradio.co.uk) located in St Mary's, which has been broadcasting full-time on 103.9 FM since September 2011, playing a wide range of music from Rock to Dance music and Top 40. A third station, Awaaz FM (www.awaazfm.co.uk), is an internet only radio stations also catering for Asian and Ethnic community.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Southampton

text: also

text: has

text: community

text: FM

text: radio

text: stations

text: the

text: Queens

text: Award

text: winning

text: Unity

text: Community

text: Radio

text: broadcasting

text: full

text: time

text: on

text: FM

text: since

text: to

text: the

text: Asian

text: and

text: Ethnic

text: communities

text: and

text: Voice

text: FM

text: located

text: in

text: St

text: Mary

text: 's

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: broadcasting

text: full

text: time

text: on

text: FM

text: since

text: September

text: playing

text: a

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: music

text: from

text: Rock

text: to

text: Dance

text: music

text: and

text: Top

text: A

text: third

text: station

text: Awaaz

text: FM

text: is

text: an

text: internet

text: only

text: radio

text: stations

text: also

text: catering

text: for

text: Asian

text: and

text: Ethnic

text: community

question: How many community FM radio stations are there in Southampton?

answer: 2

question: What local FM station won the Queens Award?

answer: Unity 101 Community Radio

text: Unity 101 Community Radio


text: In January 1987, Chicago artist Steve "Silk" Hurley's "Jack Your Body" reached number one in the UK, showing it was possible for house music to cross over. The same month also saw Raze enter the top 20 with "Jack the Groove", and several further house hits reached the top ten that year. Stock Aitken Waterman's productions for Mel and Kim, including the number-one hit "Respectable", added elements of house to their previous Europop sound, and session group Mirage scored top-ten hits with "Jack Mix II" and "Jack Mix IV", medleys of previous electro and Europop hits rearranged in a house style. Key labels in the rise of house music in the UK included:

title: House_music

title: House_music

text: In

text: January

text: Chicago

text: artist

text: Steve

text: Silk

text: Hurley

text: 's

text: Jack

text: Your

text: Body

text: reached

text: number

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: showing

text: it

text: was

text: possible

text: for

text: house

text: music

text: to

text: cross

text: over

text: The

text: same

text: month

text: also

text: saw

text: Raze

text: enter

text: the

text: top

text: with

text: Jack

text: the

text: Groove

text: and

text: several

text: further

text: house

text: hits

text: reached

text: the

text: top

text: ten

text: that

text: year

text: Stock

text: Aitken

text: Waterman

text: 's

text: productions

text: for

text: Mel

text: and

text: Kim

text: including

text: the

text: number

text: one

text: hit

text: Respectable

text: added

text: elements

text: of

text: house

text: to

text: their

text: previous

text: Europop

text: sound

text: and

text: session

text: group

text: Mirage

text: scored

text: top

text: ten

text: hits

text: with

text: Jack

text: Mix

text: II

text: and

text: Jack

text: Mix

text: IV

text: medleys

text: of

text: previous

text: electro

text: and

text: Europop

text: hits

text: rearranged

text: in

text: a

text: house

text: style

text: Key

text: labels

text: in

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: house

text: music

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: included

question: What was the first house single to hit #1 in the UK?

answer: Steve "Silk" Hurley's "Jack Your Body"

text: Steve "Silk" Hurley's "Jack Your Body"

question: What year did "Jack Your Body" hit #1 in the UK?

answer: 1987

question: Who had a hit single with "jack the groove"?

answer: Raze

text: Raze

question: what group's productions for Mel and Kim added elements of house to the europop sound?

answer: Stock Aitken Waterman

text: Stock Aitken Waterman

question: what was the name of mel and kim's number-one hit single in the UK?

answer: Respectable

text: Respectable


text: There do exist orbits within these empty regions where objects can survive for the age of the Solar System. These resonances occur when Neptune's orbital period is a precise fraction of that of the object, such as 1:2, or 3:4. If, say, an object orbits the Sun once for every two Neptune orbits, it will only complete half an orbit by the time Neptune returns to its original position. The most heavily populated resonance in the Kuiper belt, with over 200 known objects, is the 2:3 resonance. Objects in this resonance complete 2 orbits for every 3 of Neptune, and are known as plutinos because the largest of the known Kuiper belt objects, Pluto, is among them. Although Pluto crosses Neptune's orbit regularly, the 2:3 resonance ensures they can never collide. The 3:4, 3:5, 4:7 and 2:5 resonances are less populated.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: There

text: do

text: exist

text: orbits

text: within

text: these

text: empty

text: regions

text: where

text: objects

text: can

text: survive

text: for

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: These

text: resonances

text: occur

text: when

text: Neptune

text: 's

text: orbital

text: period

text: is

text: a

text: precise

text: fraction

text: of

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: object

text: such

text: as

text: or

text: If

text: say

text: an

text: object

text: orbits

text: the

text: Sun

text: once

text: for

text: every

text: two

text: Neptune

text: orbits

text: it

text: will

text: only

text: complete

text: half

text: an

text: orbit

text: by

text: the

text: time

text: Neptune

text: returns

text: to

text: its

text: original

text: position

text: The

text: most

text: heavily

text: populated

text: resonance

text: in

text: the

text: Kuiper

text: belt

text: with

text: over

text: known

text: objects

text: is

text: the

text: resonance

text: Objects

text: in

text: this

text: resonance

text: complete

text: orbits

text: for

text: every

text: of

text: Neptune

text: and

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: plutinos

text: because

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: the

text: known

text: Kuiper

text: belt

text: objects

text: Pluto

text: is

text: among

text: them

text: Although

text: Pluto

text: crosses

text: Neptune

text: 's

text: orbit

text: regularly

text: the

text: resonance

text: ensures

text: they

text: can

text: never

text: collide

text: The

text: and

text: resonances

text: are

text: less

text: populated

question: What is the fraction of the most heavily populated resonance in the Kuiper belt?

answer: 2:3 resonance

text: 2:3 resonance

question: What is the best known, and largest, object in the Kuiper belt?

answer: Pluto

text: Pluto

question: How many known objects is in the most populated resonance of the Kuiper belt?

answer: 200

question: What is the resonance of Pluto in the Kuiper belt?

answer: 2:3

question: Which resonances are less populated in the Kuiper belt?

answer: 3:4, 3:5, 4:7 and 2:5

text: 3:4, 3:5, 4:7 and 2:5


text: Nasser's Egyptian detractors considered him a dictator who thwarted democratic progress, imprisoned thousands of dissidents, and led a repressive administration responsible for numerous human rights violations. Islamists in Egypt, particularly members of the politically persecuted Brotherhood, viewed Nasser as oppressive, tyrannical, and demonic. Liberal writer Tawfiq al-Hakim described Nasser as a "confused Sultan" who employed stirring rhetoric, but had no actual plan to achieve his stated goals.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: Egyptian

text: detractors

text: considered

text: him

text: a

text: dictator

text: who

text: thwarted

text: democratic

text: progress

text: imprisoned

text: thousands

text: of

text: dissidents

text: and

text: led

text: a

text: repressive

text: administration

text: responsible

text: for

text: numerous

text: human

text: rights

text: violations

text: Islamists

text: in

text: Egypt

text: particularly

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: politically

text: persecuted

text: Brotherhood

text: viewed

text: Nasser

text: as

text: oppressive

text: tyrannical

text: and

text: demonic

text: Liberal

text: writer

text: Tawfiq

text: al

text: Hakim

text: described

text: Nasser

text: as

text: a

text: confused

text: Sultan

text: who

text: employed

text: stirring

text: rhetoric

text: but

text: had

text: no

text: actual

text: plan

text: to

text: achieve

text: his

text: stated

text: goals

question: Whad did Nasser's enemies call him?

answer: dictator

text: dictator

question: Who did Nasser imprison thousands of?

answer: dissidents

text: dissidents

question: What did Tawfiq al-Hakim call Nasser?

answer: confused Sultan

text: confused Sultan


text: Airborne Interception radar (AI) was unreliable. The heavy fighting in the Battle of Britain had eaten up most of Fighter Command's resources, so there was little investment in night fighting. Bombers were flown with airborne search lights out of desperation[citation needed], but to little avail. Of greater potential was the GL (Gunlaying) radar and searchlights with fighter direction from RAF fighter control rooms to begin a GCI system (Ground Control-led Interception) under Group-level control (No. 10 Group RAF, No. 11 Group RAF and No. 12 Group RAF).

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: Airborne

text: Interception

text: radar

text: AI

text: was

text: unreliable

text: The

text: heavy

text: fighting

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Britain

text: had

text: eaten

text: up

text: most

text: of

text: Fighter

text: Command

text: 's

text: resources

text: so

text: there

text: was

text: little

text: investment

text: in

text: night

text: fighting

text: Bombers

text: were

text: flown

text: with

text: airborne

text: search

text: lights

text: out

text: of

text: desperation[citation

text: needed

text: but

text: to

text: little

text: avail

text: Of

text: greater

text: potential

text: was

text: the

text: GL

text: Gunlaying

text: radar

text: and

text: searchlights

text: with

text: fighter

text: direction

text: from

text: RAF

text: fighter

text: control

text: rooms

text: to

text: begin

text: a

text: GCI

text: system

text: Ground

text: Control

text: led

text: Interception

text: under

text: Group

text: level

text: control

text: No

text: Group

text: RAF

text: No

text: Group

text: RAF

text: and

text: No

text: Group

text: RAF

question: The bombers used what out of desperation?

answer: airborne search lights

text: airborne search lights

question: What was considered unreliable?

answer: Airborne Interception radar

text: Airborne Interception radar

question: Gunlaying radar and RAF controls combined to create what system?

answer: Ground Control-led Interception

text: Ground Control-led Interception

question: What used most of Fighter Command's resources?

answer: the Battle of Britain

text: the Battle of Britain


text: In the US, dietitians are registered (RD) or licensed (LD) with the Commission for Dietetic Registration and the American Dietetic Association, and are only able to use the title "dietitian," as described by the business and professions codes of each respective state, when they have met specific educational and experiential prerequisites and passed a national registration or licensure examination, respectively. In California, registered dietitians must abide by the "Business and Professions Code of Section 2585-2586.8". Anyone may call themselves a nutritionist, including unqualified dietitians, as this term is unregulated. Some states, such as the State of Florida, have begun to include the title "nutritionist" in state licensure requirements. Most governments provide guidance on nutrition, and some also impose mandatory disclosure/labeling requirements for processed food manufacturers and restaurants to assist consumers in complying with such guidance.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: dietitians

text: are

text: registered

text: RD

text: or

text: licensed

text: LD

text: with

text: the

text: Commission

text: for

text: Dietetic

text: Registration

text: and

text: the

text: American

text: Dietetic

text: Association

text: and

text: are

text: only

text: able

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: title

text: dietitian

text: as

text: described

text: by

text: the

text: business

text: and

text: professions

text: codes

text: of

text: each

text: respective

text: state

text: when

text: they

text: have

text: met

text: specific

text: educational

text: and

text: experiential

text: prerequisites

text: and

text: passed

text: a

text: national

text: registration

text: or

text: licensure

text: examination

text: respectively

text: In

text: California

text: registered

text: dietitians

text: must

text: abide

text: by

text: the

text: Business

text: and

text: Professions

text: Code

text: of

text: Section

text: Anyone

text: may

text: call

text: themselves

text: a

text: nutritionist

text: including

text: unqualified

text: dietitians

text: as

text: this

text: term

text: is

text: unregulated

text: Some

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Florida

text: have

text: begun

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: title

text: nutritionist

text: in

text: state

text: licensure

text: requirements

text: Most

text: governments

text: provide

text: guidance

text: on

text: nutrition

text: and

text: some

text: also

text: impose

text: mandatory

text: disclosure

text: labeling

text: requirements

text: for

text: processed

text: food

text: manufacturers

text: and

text: restaurants

text: to

text: assist

text: consumers

text: in

text: complying

text: with

text: such

text: guidance

question: What is the abbreviation for licensed dietitians in the US?

answer: LD

text: LD

question: Who do dietitians have to register with other than the American Dietetic Association in order to be recognized as such in the US?

answer: Commission for Dietetic Registration

text: Commission for Dietetic Registration

question: Which specific term is unregulated but still oft associated with professionals when it comes to food and diets?

answer: nutritionist

text: nutritionist

question: Which state has started to regulate the word "nutritionist"?

answer: Florida

text: Florida

question: What are restaurants and food manufacturers required to follow in order to assist consumers looking to follow dietary guidelines?

answer: disclosure/labeling requirements

text: disclosure/labeling requirements


text: The city is governed by a mayor and a 9-member city council. In 2006, the city's form of government changed from a council–manager government to a strong mayor government. The change was brought about by a citywide vote in 2004. The mayor is in effect the chief executive officer of the city, while the council is the legislative body. The City of San Diego is responsible for police, public safety, streets, water and sewer service, planning and zoning, and similar services within its borders. San Diego is a sanctuary city, however, San Diego County is a participant of the Secure Communities program. As of 2011[update], the city had one employee for every 137 residents, with a payroll greater than $733 million.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: a

text: mayor

text: and

text: a

text: city

text: council

text: In

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: changed

text: from

text: a

text: council

text: manager

text: government

text: to

text: a

text: strong

text: mayor

text: government

text: The

text: change

text: was

text: brought

text: about

text: by

text: a

text: citywide

text: vote

text: in

text: The

text: mayor

text: is

text: in

text: effect

text: the

text: chief

text: executive

text: officer

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: while

text: the

text: council

text: is

text: the

text: legislative

text: body

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: San

text: Diego

text: is

text: responsible

text: for

text: police

text: public

text: safety

text: streets

text: water

text: and

text: sewer

text: service

text: planning

text: and

text: zoning

text: and

text: similar

text: services

text: within

text: its

text: borders

text: San

text: Diego

text: is

text: a

text: sanctuary

text: city

text: however

text: San

text: Diego

text: County

text: is

text: a

text: participant

text: of

text: the

text: Secure

text: Communities

text: program

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: one

text: employee

text: for

text: every

text: residents

text: with

text: a

text: payroll

text: greater

text: than

text: million

question: How many employees are there in San Diego for every 137 residents?

answer: one

text: one

question: In what year did the city vote to change to a strong mayor government?

answer: 2004

question: Despite being a sanctuary city, what program does San Diego county participate in?

answer: Secure Communities program

text: Secure Communities program

question: What is the number of members on the city's council?

answer: 9

question: What is the county's payroll?

answer: greater than $733 million.

text: greater than $733 million.


text: The first real progress toward a modern understanding of nervous function, though, came from the investigations of Luigi Galvani, who discovered that a shock of static electricity applied to an exposed nerve of a dead frog could cause its leg to contract. Since that time, each major advance in understanding has followed more or less directly from the development of a new technique of investigation. Until the early years of the 20th century, the most important advances were derived from new methods for staining cells. Particularly critical was the invention of the Golgi stain, which (when correctly used) stains only a small fraction of neurons, but stains them in their entirety, including cell body, dendrites, and axon. Without such a stain, brain tissue under a microscope appears as an impenetrable tangle of protoplasmic fibers, in which it is impossible to determine any structure. In the hands of Camillo Golgi, and especially of the Spanish neuroanatomist Santiago Ramón y Cajal, the new stain revealed hundreds of distinct types of neurons, each with its own unique dendritic structure and pattern of connectivity.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: The

text: first

text: real

text: progress

text: toward

text: a

text: modern

text: understanding

text: of

text: nervous

text: function

text: though

text: came

text: from

text: the

text: investigations

text: of

text: Luigi

text: Galvani

text: who

text: discovered

text: that

text: a

text: shock

text: of

text: static

text: electricity

text: applied

text: to

text: an

text: exposed

text: nerve

text: of

text: a

text: dead

text: frog

text: could

text: cause

text: its

text: leg

text: to

text: contract

text: Since

text: that

text: time

text: each

text: major

text: advance

text: in

text: understanding

text: has

text: followed

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: directly

text: from

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: technique

text: of

text: investigation

text: Until

text: the

text: early

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: advances

text: were

text: derived

text: from

text: new

text: methods

text: for

text: staining

text: cells

text: Particularly

text: critical

text: was

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: Golgi

text: stain

text: which

text: when

text: correctly

text: used

text: stains

text: only

text: a

text: small

text: fraction

text: of

text: neurons

text: but

text: stains

text: them

text: in

text: their

text: entirety

text: including

text: cell

text: body

text: dendrites

text: and

text: axon

text: Without

text: such

text: a

text: stain

text: brain

text: tissue

text: under

text: a

text: microscope

text: appears

text: as

text: an

text: impenetrable

text: tangle

text: of

text: protoplasmic

text: fibers

text: in

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: impossible

text: to

text: determine

text: any

text: structure

text: In

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: Camillo

text: Golgi

text: and

text: especially

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: neuroanatomist

text: Santiago

text: Ramón

text: y

text: Cajal

text: the

text: new

text: stain

text: revealed

text: hundreds

text: of

text: distinct

text: types

text: of

text: neurons

text: each

text: with

text: its

text: own

text: unique

text: dendritic

text: structure

text: and

text: pattern

text: of

text: connectivity

question: Who found out that a shock of electricity to an exposed nerve of a dead frog caused contractions?

answer: Luigi Galvani

text: Luigi Galvani

question: The tool that was invented to stain only a small fractions of neurons was called what?

answer: the Golgi stain

text: the Golgi stain

question: What nationality was santiago Ramon y Cajal?

answer: Spanish

text: Spanish


text: During the NES era, Nintendo maintained exclusive control over titles released for the system—the company had to approve every game, each third-party developer could only release up to five games per year (but some third parties got around this by using different names, for example Konami's "Ultra Games" brand), those games could not be released on another console within two years, and Nintendo was the exclusive manufacturer and supplier of NES cartridges. However, competition from Sega's console brought an end to this practice; in 1991, Acclaim began releasing games for both platforms, with most of Nintendo's other licensees following suit over the next several years; Capcom (which licensed some games to Sega instead of producing them directly) and Square were the most notable holdouts.

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: During

text: the

text: NES

text: era

text: Nintendo

text: maintained

text: exclusive

text: control

text: over

text: titles

text: released

text: for

text: the

text: system

text: the

text: company

text: had

text: to

text: approve

text: every

text: game

text: each

text: third

text: party

text: developer

text: could

text: only

text: release

text: up

text: to

text: five

text: games

text: per

text: year

text: but

text: some

text: third

text: parties

text: got

text: around

text: this

text: by

text: using

text: different

text: names

text: for

text: example

text: Konami

text: 's

text: Ultra

text: Games

text: brand

text: those

text: games

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: released

text: on

text: another

text: console

text: within

text: two

text: years

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: was

text: the

text: exclusive

text: manufacturer

text: and

text: supplier

text: of

text: NES

text: cartridges

text: However

text: competition

text: from

text: Sega

text: 's

text: console

text: brought

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: this

text: practice

text: in

text: Acclaim

text: began

text: releasing

text: games

text: for

text: both

text: platforms

text: with

text: most

text: of

text: Nintendo

text: 's

text: other

text: licensees

text: following

text: suit

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: several

text: years

text: Capcom

text: which

text: licensed

text: some

text: games

text: to

text: Sega

text: instead

text: of

text: producing

text: them

text: directly

text: and

text: Square

text: were

text: the

text: most

text: notable

text: holdouts

question: What was Nintendo's limit on games per developer per year on the NES?

answer: five

text: five

question: What alternate name did Konami use to get around Nintendo's yearly limit?

answer: Ultra Games

text: Ultra Games

question: For how many years did Nintendo require exclusivity on NES games?

answer: two

text: two

question: Which competitor caused Nintendo to end its restrictions on game developers?

answer: Sega

text: Sega

question: Which developer began releasing games for both NES and Sega in 1991?

answer: Acclaim

text: Acclaim


text: In 1979, the committees began the redistribution of land in the Jefara plain, continuing through 1981. In May 1980, measures to redistribute and equalize wealth were implemented; anyone with over 1000 dinar in his bank account saw that extra money expropriated. The following year, the GPC announced that the government would take control of all import, export and distribution functions, with state supermarkets replacing privately owned businesses; this led to a decline in the availability of consumer goods and the development of a thriving black market.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: In

text: the

text: committees

text: began

text: the

text: redistribution

text: of

text: land

text: in

text: the

text: Jefara

text: plain

text: continuing

text: through

text: In

text: May

text: measures

text: to

text: redistribute

text: and

text: equalize

text: wealth

text: were

text: implemented

text: anyone

text: with

text: over

text: dinar

text: in

text: his

text: bank

text: account

text: saw

text: that

text: extra

text: money

text: expropriated

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: the

text: GPC

text: announced

text: that

text: the

text: government

text: would

text: take

text: control

text: of

text: all

text: import

text: export

text: and

text: distribution

text: functions

text: with

text: state

text: supermarkets

text: replacing

text: privately

text: owned

text: businesses

text: this

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: decline

text: in

text: the

text: availability

text: of

text: consumer

text: goods

text: and

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: a

text: thriving

text: black

text: market

question: Where did land redistribution begin in 1979?

answer: Jefara plain

text: Jefara plain

question: When did the Jefara plain land redistribution end?

answer: 1981

question: What was the maximum amount of money a person could have in their bank account without having it expropriated in 1980?

answer: 1000 dinar

text: 1000 dinar

question: What took the place of private businesses in 1981?

answer: state supermarkets

text: state supermarkets

question: As a result of the 1981 laws putting the government in control of commerce, what began to thrive?

answer: black market

text: black market


text: In 1528 the bishop lost secular power over both Neder- and Oversticht – which included the city of Utrecht – to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V combined the Seventeen Provinces (the current Benelux and the northern parts of France) as a personal union. This ended the prince-bishopric Utrecht, as the secular rule was now the lordship of Utrecht, with the religious power remaining with the bishop, although Charles V had gained the right to appoint new bishops. In 1559 the bishopric of Utrecht was raised to archbishopric to make it the religious center of the Northern ecclesiastical province in the Seventeen provinces.

title: Utrecht

title: Utrecht

text: In

text: the

text: bishop

text: lost

text: secular

text: power

text: over

text: both

text: Neder-

text: and

text: Oversticht

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: to

text: Charles

text: V

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Emperor

text: Charles

text: V

text: combined

text: the

text: Seventeen

text: Provinces

text: the

text: current

text: Benelux

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: parts

text: of

text: France

text: as

text: a

text: personal

text: union

text: This

text: ended

text: the

text: prince

text: bishopric

text: Utrecht

text: as

text: the

text: secular

text: rule

text: was

text: now

text: the

text: lordship

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: with

text: the

text: religious

text: power

text: remaining

text: with

text: the

text: bishop

text: although

text: Charles

text: V

text: had

text: gained

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: appoint

text: new

text: bishops

text: In

text: the

text: bishopric

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: was

text: raised

text: to

text: archbishopric

text: to

text: make

text: it

text: the

text: religious

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Northern

text: ecclesiastical

text: province

text: in

text: the

text: Seventeen

text: provinces

question: What year did the bishop lose power

answer: In 1528 the bishop lost secular power over both Neder- and Oversticht – which included the city of Utrecht – to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

text: In 1528 the bishop lost secular power over both Neder- and Oversticht – which included the city of Utrecht – to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

question: What did Charles V combine

answer: Charles V combined the Seventeen Provinces (the current Benelux and the northern parts of France) as a personal union

text: Charles V combined the Seventeen Provinces (the current Benelux and the northern parts of France) as a personal union

question: What did the loss of power end

answer: the prince-bishopric Utrecht, as the secular rule was now the lordship of Utrecht, with the religious power remaining with the bishop

text: the prince-bishopric Utrecht, as the secular rule was now the lordship of Utrecht, with the religious power remaining with the bishop

question: What was the bishop of Utrecht raised to

answer: In 1559 the bishopric of Utrecht was raised to archbishopric to make it the religious center of the Northern ecclesiastical province in the Seventeen provinces

text: In 1559 the bishopric of Utrecht was raised to archbishopric to make it the religious center of the Northern ecclesiastical province in the Seventeen provinces


text: Swaziland derives its name from a later king named Mswati II. KaNgwane, named for Ngwane III, is an alternative name for Swaziland the surname of whose royal house remains Nkhosi Dlamini. Nkhosi literally means "king". Mswati II was the greatest of the fighting kings of Swaziland, and he greatly extended the area of the country to twice its current size. The Emakhandzambili clans were initially incorporated into the kingdom with wide autonomy, often including grants of special ritual and political status. The extent of their autonomy however was drastically curtailed by Mswati, who attacked and subdued some of them in the 1850s.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: Swaziland

text: derives

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: a

text: later

text: king

text: named

text: Mswati

text: II

text: KaNgwane

text: named

text: for

text: Ngwane

text: III

text: is

text: an

text: alternative

text: name

text: for

text: Swaziland

text: the

text: surname

text: of

text: whose

text: royal

text: house

text: remains

text: Nkhosi

text: Dlamini

text: Nkhosi

text: literally

text: means

text: king

text: Mswati

text: II

text: was

text: the

text: greatest

text: of

text: the

text: fighting

text: kings

text: of

text: Swaziland

text: and

text: he

text: greatly

text: extended

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: twice

text: its

text: current

text: size

text: The

text: Emakhandzambili

text: clans

text: were

text: initially

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: kingdom

text: with

text: wide

text: autonomy

text: often

text: including

text: grants

text: of

text: special

text: ritual

text: and

text: political

text: status

text: The

text: extent

text: of

text: their

text: autonomy

text: however

text: was

text: drastically

text: curtailed

text: by

text: Mswati

text: who

text: attacked

text: and

text: subdued

text: some

text: of

text: them

text: in

text: the

question: What is the literal translation of Nkhosi?

answer: king

text: king

question: What did Mswati II do to the land controlled by Swaziland during his reign?

answer: greatly extended the area of the country

text: greatly extended the area of the country

question: In terms of the most successful Swaziland kings in battle, who was the best?

answer: Mswati II

text: Mswati II

question: What groups did Mswati attack in the mid 19th century?

answer: Emakhandzambili clans

text: Emakhandzambili clans

question: Where does the name Swaziland originate?

answer: Mswati II. KaNgwane

text: Mswati II. KaNgwane


text: Season ten of the series premiered on January 19, 2011. Many changes were introduced this season, from the format to the personnel of the show. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined Randy Jackson as judges following the departures of Simon Cowell (who left to launch the U.S. version of The X Factor), Kara DioGuardi (whose contract was not renewed) and Ellen DeGeneres, while Nigel Lythgoe returned as executive producer. Jimmy Iovine, chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group, the new partner of American Idol, acted as the in-house mentor in place of weekly guest mentors, although in later episodes special guest mentors such as Beyoncé, will.i.am and Lady Gaga were brought in.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Season

text: ten

text: of

text: the

text: series

text: premiered

text: on

text: January

text: Many

text: changes

text: were

text: introduced

text: this

text: season

text: from

text: the

text: format

text: to

text: the

text: personnel

text: of

text: the

text: show

text: Jennifer

text: Lopez

text: and

text: Steven

text: Tyler

text: joined

text: Randy

text: Jackson

text: as

text: judges

text: following

text: the

text: departures

text: of

text: Simon

text: Cowell

text: who

text: left

text: to

text: launch

text: the

text: U.S.

text: version

text: of

text: The

text: X

text: Factor

text: Kara

text: DioGuardi

text: whose

text: contract

text: was

text: not

text: renewed

text: and

text: Ellen

text: DeGeneres

text: while

text: Nigel

text: Lythgoe

text: returned

text: as

text: executive

text: producer

text: Jimmy

text: Iovine

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: Interscope

text: Geffen

text: A&M

text: label

text: group

text: the

text: new

text: partner

text: of

text: American

text: Idol

text: acted

text: as

text: the

text: in

text: house

text: mentor

text: in

text: place

text: of

text: weekly

text: guest

text: mentors

text: although

text: in

text: later

text: episodes

text: special

text: guest

text: mentors

text: such

text: as

text: Beyoncé

text: will.i.am

text: and

text: Lady

text: Gaga

text: were

text: brought

text: in

question: What year did season ten of American Idol first air?

answer: 2011

question: In which season of American Idol did Steven Tyler and Jennifer Lopez become judges?

answer: ten

text: ten

question: Who replace weekly mentors as a more permanent mentor on American Idols tenth season?

answer: Jimmy Iovine

text: Jimmy Iovine

question: What show did Simon Cowell join after leaving American Idol?

answer: The X Factor

text: The X Factor

question: Who was the executive producer of American Idols tenth season?

answer: Nigel Lythgoe

text: Nigel Lythgoe

question: When did season ten premiere?

answer: January 19, 2011

text: January 19, 2011

question: Who returned as executive producer this season?

answer: Nigel Lythgoe

text: Nigel Lythgoe

question: Which two new judges joined Randy Jackson on the judges' panel?

answer: Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler

text: Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler

question: Who was the in-house mentor this season?

answer: Jimmy Iovine

text: Jimmy Iovine


text: Early reports of Europeans reaching this area include those of the Venetian Alvise Cadamosto's voyage of 1455, the 1479–1480 voyage by Flemish-French trader Eustache de la Fosse, and Diogo Cão. In the 1480s this Portuguese explorer reached the Congo River and the lands of Bakongo, setting up the foundations of modern Angola, some 4200 km down the African coast from Guinea-Bissau.

title: Guinea-Bissau

title: Guinea

title: Bissau

text: Early

text: reports

text: of

text: Europeans

text: reaching

text: this

text: area

text: include

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: Venetian

text: Alvise

text: Cadamosto

text: 's

text: voyage

text: of

text: the

text: voyage

text: by

text: Flemish

text: French

text: trader

text: Eustache

text: de

text: la

text: Fosse

text: and

text: Diogo

text: Cão

text: In

text: the

text: this

text: Portuguese

text: explorer

text: reached

text: the

text: Congo

text: River

text: and

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: Bakongo

text: setting

text: up

text: the

text: foundations

text: of

text: modern

text: Angola

text: some

text: km

text: down

text: the

text: African

text: coast

text: from

text: Guinea

text: Bissau

question: When was Alvise Cadamosto's voyage?

answer: 1455

question: When was Eustache de la Fosse's voyage?

answer: 1479–1480

question: What was the name of the Portuguese explorer?

answer: Diogo Cão

text: Diogo Cão

question: What river did Diogo Cao reach in the 1480's?

answer: Congo River

text: Congo River

question: What country is about 4200 km from Guinea-Bissau?

answer: Angola

text: Angola


text: Luminous efficacy of a light source may be defined in two ways. The radiant luminous efficacy (LER) is the ratio of the visible light flux emitted (the luminous flux) to the total power radiated over all wavelengths. The source luminous efficacy (LES) is the ratio of the visible light flux emitted (the luminous flux) to the total power input to the source, such as a lamp. Visible light is measured in lumens, a unit which is defined in part by the differing sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths of light. Not all wavelengths of visible electromagnetic energy are equally effective at stimulating the human eye; the luminous efficacy of radiant energy (LER) is a measure of how well the distribution of energy matches the perception of the eye. The units of luminous efficacy are "lumens per watt" (lpw). The maximum LER possible is 683 lm/W for monochromatic green light at 555 nanometers wavelength, the peak sensitivity of the human eye.

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

text: Luminous

text: efficacy

text: of

text: a

text: light

text: source

text: may

text: be

text: defined

text: in

text: two

text: ways

text: The

text: radiant

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: LER

text: is

text: the

text: ratio

text: of

text: the

text: visible

text: light

text: flux

text: emitted

text: the

text: luminous

text: flux

text: to

text: the

text: total

text: power

text: radiated

text: over

text: all

text: wavelengths

text: The

text: source

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: LES

text: is

text: the

text: ratio

text: of

text: the

text: visible

text: light

text: flux

text: emitted

text: the

text: luminous

text: flux

text: to

text: the

text: total

text: power

text: input

text: to

text: the

text: source

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: lamp

text: Visible

text: light

text: is

text: measured

text: in

text: lumens

text: a

text: unit

text: which

text: is

text: defined

text: in

text: part

text: by

text: the

text: differing

text: sensitivity

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: eye

text: to

text: different

text: wavelengths

text: of

text: light

text: Not

text: all

text: wavelengths

text: of

text: visible

text: electromagnetic

text: energy

text: are

text: equally

text: effective

text: at

text: stimulating

text: the

text: human

text: eye

text: the

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: of

text: radiant

text: energy

text: LER

text: is

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: how

text: well

text: the

text: distribution

text: of

text: energy

text: matches

text: the

text: perception

text: of

text: the

text: eye

text: The

text: units

text: of

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: are

text: lumens

text: per

text: watt

text: lpw

text: The

text: maximum

text: LER

text: possible

text: is

text: lm

text: W

text: for

text: monochromatic

text: green

text: light

text: at

text: nanometers

text: wavelength

text: the

text: peak

text: sensitivity

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: eye

question: What does the acronym LER refer to?

answer: radiant luminous efficacy

text: radiant luminous efficacy

question: What is the maximum LER possible?

answer: 683 lm/W

text: 683 lm/W

question: In how many ways can one define luminous efficacy of a light source?

answer: two ways

text: two ways

question: What is the definition of radiant luminous efficacy?

answer: the ratio of the visible light flux emitted (the luminous flux) to the total power radiated over all wavelengths

text: the ratio of the visible light flux emitted (the luminous flux) to the total power radiated over all wavelengths

question: What does the acronym LES refer to?

answer: source luminous efficacy

text: source luminous efficacy


text: Education in Swaziland begins with pre-school education for infants, primary, secondary and high school education for general education and training (GET), and universities and colleges at tertiary level. Pre-school education is usually for children 5-year or younger after that the students can enroll in a primary school anywhere in the country. In Swaziland early childhood care and education (ECCE) centres are in the form of preschools or neighbourhood care points (NCPs). In the country 21.6% of preschool age children have access to early childhood education.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: Education

text: in

text: Swaziland

text: begins

text: with

text: pre

text: school

text: education

text: for

text: infants

text: primary

text: secondary

text: and

text: high

text: school

text: education

text: for

text: general

text: education

text: and

text: training

text: GET

text: and

text: universities

text: and

text: colleges

text: at

text: tertiary

text: level

text: Pre

text: school

text: education

text: is

text: usually

text: for

text: children

text: or

text: younger

text: after

text: that

text: the

text: students

text: can

text: enroll

text: in

text: a

text: primary

text: school

text: anywhere

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: In

text: Swaziland

text: early

text: childhood

text: care

text: and

text: education

text: ECCE

text: centres

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: preschools

text: or

text: neighbourhood

text: care

text: points

text: NCPs

text: In

text: the

text: country

text: of

text: preschool

text: age

text: children

text: have

text: access

text: to

text: early

text: childhood

text: education

question: What age attends pre-school in Swaziland?

answer: 5-year or younger

text: 5-year or younger

question: What percentage of children of age for preschool have access to education in Swaziland?

answer: 21.6%

question: In reference to education in Swaziland, hat is an NCP otherwise known as?

answer: neighbourhood care points

text: neighbourhood care points

question: What is does ECCE refer to in the Swazi educational system?

answer: early childhood care and education

text: early childhood care and education


text: In 1862, paper money was issued without the backing of precious metals, due to the Civil War. Silver and gold coins continued to be issued and in 1878 the link between paper money and coins was reinstated. This disconnection from gold and silver backing also occurred during the War of 1812. The use of paper money not backed by precious metals had also occurred under the Articles of Confederation from 1777 to 1788. With no solid backing and being easily counterfeited, the continentals quickly lost their value, giving rise to the phrase "not worth a continental". This was a primary reason for the "No state shall... make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts" clause in article 1, section 10 of the United States Constitution.

title: United_States_dollar

title: United_States_dollar

text: In

text: paper

text: money

text: was

text: issued

text: without

text: the

text: backing

text: of

text: precious

text: metals

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: Silver

text: and

text: gold

text: coins

text: continued

text: to

text: be

text: issued

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: link

text: between

text: paper

text: money

text: and

text: coins

text: was

text: reinstated

text: This

text: disconnection

text: from

text: gold

text: and

text: silver

text: backing

text: also

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: paper

text: money

text: not

text: backed

text: by

text: precious

text: metals

text: had

text: also

text: occurred

text: under

text: the

text: Articles

text: of

text: Confederation

text: from

text: to

text: With

text: no

text: solid

text: backing

text: and

text: being

text: easily

text: counterfeited

text: the

text: continentals

text: quickly

text: lost

text: their

text: value

text: giving

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: phrase

text: not

text: worth

text: a

text: continental

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: primary

text: reason

text: for

text: the

text: No

text: state

text: shall

text: make

text: any

text: thing

text: but

text: gold

text: and

text: silver

text: coin

text: a

text: tender

text: in

text: payment

text: of

text: debts

text: clause

text: in

text: article

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Constitution

question: Which year was it when paper money was first issued without the backing of precious metals?

answer: 1777

question: What was the first war that caused paper money to be issued?

answer: Civil War

text: Civil War

question: Which other war also caused a disconnect between paper money and precious metals?

answer: War of 1812

text: War of 1812

question: The quick loss in value of paper money resulted in which phrase being hear?

answer: "not worth a continental"

text: "not worth a continental"

question: The loss in value resulted in a clause being written in which article in the US Constitution?

answer: article 1

text: article 1


text: Unlike other new communist states in east-central Europe, Yugoslavia liberated itself from Axis domination with limited direct support from the Red Army. Tito's leading role in liberating Yugoslavia not only greatly strengthened his position in his party and among the Yugoslav people, but also caused him to be more insistent that Yugoslavia had more room to follow its own interests than other Bloc leaders who had more reasons (and pressures) to recognize Soviet efforts in helping them liberate their own countries from Axis control. Although Tito was formally an ally of Stalin after World War II, the Soviets had set up a spy ring in the Yugoslav party as early as 1945, giving way to an uneasy alliance.[citation needed]

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: Unlike

text: other

text: new

text: communist

text: states

text: in

text: east

text: central

text: Europe

text: Yugoslavia

text: liberated

text: itself

text: from

text: Axis

text: domination

text: with

text: limited

text: direct

text: support

text: from

text: the

text: Red

text: Army

text: Tito

text: 's

text: leading

text: role

text: in

text: liberating

text: Yugoslavia

text: not

text: only

text: greatly

text: strengthened

text: his

text: position

text: in

text: his

text: party

text: and

text: among

text: the

text: Yugoslav

text: people

text: but

text: also

text: caused

text: him

text: to

text: be

text: more

text: insistent

text: that

text: Yugoslavia

text: had

text: more

text: room

text: to

text: follow

text: its

text: own

text: interests

text: than

text: other

text: Bloc

text: leaders

text: who

text: had

text: more

text: reasons

text: and

text: pressures

text: to

text: recognize

text: Soviet

text: efforts

text: in

text: helping

text: them

text: liberate

text: their

text: own

text: countries

text: from

text: Axis

text: control

text: Although

text: Tito

text: was

text: formally

text: an

text: ally

text: of

text: Stalin

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: the

text: Soviets

text: had

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: spy

text: ring

text: in

text: the

text: Yugoslav

text: party

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: giving

text: way

text: to

text: an

text: uneasy

text: alliance.[citation

text: needed

question: Who had a leading role in liberating Yugoslavia?

answer: Tito

text: Tito

question: Who was Tito formally an ally of after WWII?

answer: Stalin

text: Stalin

question: Who set up a spy ring in the Yugoslav party?

answer: Soviets

text: Soviets

question: As early as what year was a spy ring set up in the Yugoslav party?

answer: 1945

question: From what domination did Yugoslavia liberate itself?

answer: Axis

text: Axis