text: Behavior that may be optimal for an individual (e.g., saving more during adverse economic conditions) can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior, as ultimately one person's consumption is another person's income. Too many consumers attempting to save (or pay down debt) simultaneously is called the paradox of thrift and can cause or deepen a recession. Economist Hyman Minsky also described a "paradox of deleveraging" as financial institutions that have too much leverage (debt relative to equity) cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without significant declines in the value of their assets.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: Behavior

text: that

text: may

text: be

text: optimal

text: for

text: an

text: individual

text: e.g.

text: saving

text: more

text: during

text: adverse

text: economic

text: conditions

text: can

text: be

text: detrimental

text: if

text: too

text: many

text: individuals

text: pursue

text: the

text: same

text: behavior

text: as

text: ultimately

text: one

text: person

text: 's

text: consumption

text: is

text: another

text: person

text: 's

text: income

text: Too

text: many

text: consumers

text: attempting

text: to

text: save

text: or

text: pay

text: down

text: debt

text: simultaneously

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: paradox

text: of

text: thrift

text: and

text: can

text: cause

text: or

text: deepen

text: a

text: recession

text: Economist

text: Hyman

text: Minsky

text: also

text: described

text: a

text: paradox

text: of

text: deleveraging

text: as

text: financial

text: institutions

text: that

text: have

text: too

text: much

text: leverage

text: debt

text: relative

text: to

text: equity

text: can

text: not

text: all

text: de

text: leverage

text: simultaneously

text: without

text: significant

text: declines

text: in

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: their

text: assets

question: What is an example of something that can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior?

answer: saving more during adverse economic conditions

text: saving more during adverse economic conditions

question: What is it called when too many consumers attempt to save or pay down debt at the same time?

answer: paradox of thrift

text: paradox of thrift

question: What will happen if too many consumers save or pay down debt simultaneously?

answer: can cause or deepen a recession

text: can cause or deepen a recession

question: Who is the economist who described a "paradox of deleveraging"?

answer: Hyman Minsky

text: Hyman Minsky

question: Financial institutions cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without a decline in the value of this?

answer: their assets

text: their assets


text: In mid-1969, Idris travelled abroad to spend the summer in Turkey and Greece. Gaddafi's Free Officers recognized this as their chance to overthrow the monarchy, initiating "Operation Jerusalem". On 1 September, they occupied airports, police depots, radio stations and government offices in Tripoli and Benghazi. Gaddafi took control of the Berka barracks in Benghazi, while Omar Meheisha occupied Tripoli barracks and Jalloud seized the city's anti-aircraft batteries. Khweldi Hameidi was sent to arrest crown prince Sayyid Hasan ar-Rida al-Mahdi as-Sanussi, and force him to relinquish his claim to the throne. They met no serious resistance, and wielded little violence against the monarchists.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: In

text: Idris

text: travelled

text: abroad

text: to

text: spend

text: the

text: summer

text: in

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Greece

text: Gaddafi

text: 's

text: Free

text: Officers

text: recognized

text: this

text: as

text: their

text: chance

text: to

text: overthrow

text: the

text: monarchy

text: initiating

text: Operation

text: Jerusalem

text: On

text: September

text: they

text: occupied

text: airports

text: police

text: depots

text: radio

text: stations

text: and

text: government

text: offices

text: in

text: Tripoli

text: and

text: Benghazi

text: Gaddafi

text: took

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Berka

text: barracks

text: in

text: Benghazi

text: while

text: Omar

text: Meheisha

text: occupied

text: Tripoli

text: barracks

text: and

text: Jalloud

text: seized

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: anti

text: aircraft

text: batteries

text: Khweldi

text: Hameidi

text: was

text: sent

text: to

text: arrest

text: crown

text: prince

text: Sayyid

text: Hasan

text: ar

text: Rida

text: al

text: Mahdi

text: as

text: Sanussi

text: and

text: force

text: him

text: to

text: relinquish

text: his

text: claim

text: to

text: the

text: throne

text: They

text: met

text: no

text: serious

text: resistance

text: and

text: wielded

text: little

text: violence

text: against

text: the

text: monarchists

question: When Gaddafi staged his coup, did he need to use a great show of violence?

answer: They met no serious resistance, and wielded little violence against the monarchists.

text: They met no serious resistance, and wielded little violence against the monarchists.

question: When did Gaddafi decide to stage his coup?

answer: In mid-1969, Idris travelled abroad to spend the summer in Turkey and Greece.

text: In mid-1969, Idris travelled abroad to spend the summer in Turkey and Greece.

question: What was Gaddafi's coup called?

answer: Operation Jerusalem

text: Operation Jerusalem

question: What did Gaddafi seize during the coup?

answer: Gaddafi took control of the Berka barracks in Benghazi,

text: Gaddafi took control of the Berka barracks in Benghazi,

question: What did Hameidi do during the coup?

answer: Hameidi was sent to arrest crown prince Sayyid Hasan ar-Rida al-Mahdi as-Sanussi, and force him to relinquish his claim to the throne.

text: Hameidi was sent to arrest crown prince Sayyid Hasan ar-Rida al-Mahdi as-Sanussi, and force him to relinquish his claim to the throne.

question: What countries did Idris visit in the summer of 1969?

answer: Turkey and Greece

text: Turkey and Greece

question: What was the code name for Gaddafi's coup against the monarchy?

answer: Operation Jerusalem

text: Operation Jerusalem

question: What leader's forces occupied the barracks in Tripoli?

answer: Omar Meheisha

text: Omar Meheisha

question: Who arrested Sayyid Hasan ar-Rida al-Mahdi as-Sanussi?

answer: Khweldi Hameidi

text: Khweldi Hameidi

question: What revolutionary leader took control of the anti-aircraft equipment in Tripoli?

answer: Jalloud

text: Jalloud


text: Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010. National targets for individual EU Member States have also been set to meet the overall target. Other developed countries with defined national or regional targets include Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, and some US States.

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Setting

text: national

text: renewable

text: energy

text: targets

text: can

text: be

text: an

text: important

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: renewable

text: energy

text: policy

text: and

text: these

text: targets

text: are

text: usually

text: defined

text: as

text: a

text: percentage

text: of

text: the

text: primary

text: energy

text: and/or

text: electricity

text: generation

text: mix

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: has

text: prescribed

text: an

text: indicative

text: renewable

text: energy

text: target

text: of

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: EU

text: energy

text: mix

text: and

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: electricity

text: consumption

text: by

text: National

text: targets

text: for

text: individual

text: EU

text: Member

text: States

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: set

text: to

text: meet

text: the

text: overall

text: target

text: Other

text: developed

text: countries

text: with

text: defined

text: national

text: or

text: regional

text: targets

text: include

text: Australia

text: Canada

text: Israel

text: Japan

text: Korea

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Norway

text: Singapore

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: some

text: US

text: States

question: Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of what?

answer: renewable energy policy

text: renewable energy policy

question: The European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of what percent?

answer: 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix

text: 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix

question: Name one outher country with defined national or regional target?

answer: Australia

text: Australia


text: In January, Japan invaded Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and captured Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Rabaul. After being driven out of Malaya, Allied forces in Singapore attempted to resist the Japanese during the Battle of Singapore but surrendered to the Japanese on 15 February 1942; about 130,000 Indian, British, Australian and Dutch personnel became prisoners of war. The pace of conquest was rapid: Bali and Timor also fell in February. The rapid collapse of Allied resistance had left the "ABDA area" split in two. Wavell resigned from ABDACOM on 25 February, handing control of the ABDA Area to local commanders and returning to the post of Commander-in-Chief, India.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: In

text: January

text: Japan

text: invaded

text: Burma

text: the

text: Dutch

text: East

text: Indies

text: New

text: Guinea

text: the

text: Solomon

text: Islands

text: and

text: captured

text: Manila

text: Kuala

text: Lumpur

text: and

text: Rabaul

text: After

text: being

text: driven

text: out

text: of

text: Malaya

text: Allied

text: forces

text: in

text: Singapore

text: attempted

text: to

text: resist

text: the

text: Japanese

text: during

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Singapore

text: but

text: surrendered

text: to

text: the

text: Japanese

text: on

text: February

text: about

text: Indian

text: British

text: Australian

text: and

text: Dutch

text: personnel

text: became

text: prisoners

text: of

text: war

text: The

text: pace

text: of

text: conquest

text: was

text: rapid

text: Bali

text: and

text: Timor

text: also

text: fell

text: in

text: February

text: The

text: rapid

text: collapse

text: of

text: Allied

text: resistance

text: had

text: left

text: the

text: ABDA

text: area

text: split

text: in

text: two

text: Wavell

text: resigned

text: from

text: ABDACOM

text: on

text: February

text: handing

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: ABDA

text: Area

text: to

text: local

text: commanders

text: and

text: returning

text: to

text: the

text: post

text: of

text: Commander

text: in

text: Chief

text: India

question: What islands did Japan invade?

answer: Solomon Islands

text: Solomon Islands

question: When did Allied forces surrender Singapore to the Japanese?

answer: 15 February 1942

text: 15 February 1942

question: How many Allied prisoners did Japan take after the Battle of Singapore?

answer: about 130,000

text: about 130,000

question: When did General Wavell resign as commander of the Allied forces of Southeastern Asia?

answer: 25 February

text: 25 February

question: After Wavell resigned from ABDACOM, What post did he return to?

answer: Commander-in-Chief, India

text: Commander-in-Chief, India


text: In 1974 ministerial government was introduced to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony through a change to the Constitution. In that year a general election was held; and a referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration. As a consequence of the referendum, separation occurred in two stages. The Tuvaluan Order 1975, which took effect on 1 October 1975, recognised Tuvalu as a separate British dependency with its own government. The second stage occurred on 1 January 1976 when separate administrations were created out of the civil service of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: In

text: ministerial

text: government

text: was

text: introduced

text: to

text: the

text: Gilbert

text: and

text: Ellice

text: Islands

text: Colony

text: through

text: a

text: change

text: to

text: the

text: Constitution

text: In

text: that

text: year

text: a

text: general

text: election

text: was

text: held

text: and

text: a

text: referendum

text: was

text: held

text: in

text: December

text: to

text: determine

text: whether

text: the

text: Gilbert

text: Islands

text: and

text: Ellice

text: Islands

text: should

text: each

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: administration

text: As

text: a

text: consequence

text: of

text: the

text: referendum

text: separation

text: occurred

text: in

text: two

text: stages

text: The

text: Tuvaluan

text: Order

text: which

text: took

text: effect

text: on

text: October

text: recognised

text: Tuvalu

text: as

text: a

text: separate

text: British

text: dependency

text: with

text: its

text: own

text: government

text: The

text: second

text: stage

text: occurred

text: on

text: January

text: when

text: separate

text: administrations

text: were

text: created

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: civil

text: service

text: of

text: the

text: Gilbert

text: and

text: Ellice

text: Islands

text: Colony

question: In what year was ministerial government started in the Gilbert and Ellice islands?

answer: 1974

question: When was a referendum held to determine the government of Ellice?

answer: December 1974

text: December 1974

question: What document was changed to cause a change in government?

answer: Constitution

text: Constitution

question: What was the determination of the referendum?

answer: separation

text: separation

question: What did the Tuvaluan Order 1976 recognize Tuvalu to be?

answer: British dependency

text: British dependency


text: The laws of the game are determined by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). The Board was formed in 1886 after a meeting in Manchester of The Football Association, the Scottish Football Association, the Football Association of Wales, and the Irish Football Association. FIFA, the international football body, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that they would adhere to Laws of the Game of the Football Association. The growing popularity of the international game led to the admittance of FIFA representatives to the International Football Association Board in 1913. The board consists of four representatives from FIFA and one representative from each of the four British associations.

title: Association_football

title: Association_football

text: The

text: laws

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: are

text: determined

text: by

text: the

text: International

text: Football

text: Association

text: Board

text: IFAB

text: The

text: Board

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: after

text: a

text: meeting

text: in

text: Manchester

text: of

text: The

text: Football

text: Association

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Football

text: Association

text: the

text: Football

text: Association

text: of

text: Wales

text: and

text: the

text: Irish

text: Football

text: Association

text: FIFA

text: the

text: international

text: football

text: body

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: Paris

text: in

text: and

text: declared

text: that

text: they

text: would

text: adhere

text: to

text: Laws

text: of

text: the

text: Game

text: of

text: the

text: Football

text: Association

text: The

text: growing

text: popularity

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: game

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: admittance

text: of

text: FIFA

text: representatives

text: to

text: the

text: International

text: Football

text: Association

text: Board

text: in

text: The

text: board

text: consists

text: of

text: four

text: representatives

text: from

text: FIFA

text: and

text: one

text: representative

text: from

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: British

text: associations

question: What does the abbreviation IFAB stand for?

answer: International Football Association Board

text: International Football Association Board

question: What year was the IFAB formed?

answer: 1886

question: What city was FIFA formed?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: How many representatives did FIFA have in the IFAB?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many different British associations where part of the IFAB?

answer: four

text: four


text: The patent examiner, Zenas Fisk Wilber, later stated in an affidavit that he was an alcoholic who was much in debt to Bell's lawyer, Marcellus Bailey, with whom he had served in the Civil War. He claimed he showed Gray's patent caveat to Bailey. Wilber also claimed (after Bell arrived in Washington D.C. from Boston) that he showed Gray's caveat to Bell and that Bell paid him $100. Bell claimed they discussed the patent only in general terms, although in a letter to Gray, Bell admitted that he learned some of the technical details. Bell denied in an affidavit that he ever gave Wilber any money.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: The

text: patent

text: examiner

text: Zenas

text: Fisk

text: Wilber

text: later

text: stated

text: in

text: an

text: affidavit

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: an

text: alcoholic

text: who

text: was

text: much

text: in

text: debt

text: to

text: Bell

text: 's

text: lawyer

text: Marcellus

text: Bailey

text: with

text: whom

text: he

text: had

text: served

text: in

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: He

text: claimed

text: he

text: showed

text: Gray

text: 's

text: patent

text: caveat

text: to

text: Bailey

text: Wilber

text: also

text: claimed

text: after

text: Bell

text: arrived

text: in

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: from

text: Boston

text: that

text: he

text: showed

text: Gray

text: 's

text: caveat

text: to

text: Bell

text: and

text: that

text: Bell

text: paid

text: him

text: Bell

text: claimed

text: they

text: discussed

text: the

text: patent

text: only

text: in

text: general

text: terms

text: although

text: in

text: a

text: letter

text: to

text: Gray

text: Bell

text: admitted

text: that

text: he

text: learned

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: technical

text: details

text: Bell

text: denied

text: in

text: an

text: affidavit

text: that

text: he

text: ever

text: gave

text: Wilber

text: any

text: money

question: Who declared himself an alcoholic?

answer: Zenas Fisk Wilber

text: Zenas Fisk Wilber

question: In what war did Wilber and Bailey fight together?

answer: Civil War

text: Civil War

question: How much did Wilber say Bell gave him in order to look at Gray's paperwork?

answer: $100

question: What did Bell only admit to knowing in a letter?

answer: technical details

text: technical details


text: Nasser's return to Egypt coincided with Husni al-Za'im's Syrian coup d'état. Its success and evident popular support among the Syrian people encouraged Nasser's revolutionary pursuits. Soon after his return, he was summoned and interrogated by Prime Minister Ibrahim Abdel Hadi regarding suspicions that he was forming a secret group of dissenting officers. According to secondhand reports, Nasser convincingly denied the allegations. Abdel Hadi was also hesitant to take drastic measures against the army, especially in front of its chief of staff, who was present during the interrogation, and subsequently released Nasser. The interrogation pushed Nasser to speed up his group's activities.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: return

text: to

text: Egypt

text: coincided

text: with

text: Husni

text: al

text: Za'im

text: 's

text: Syrian

text: coup

text: d'état

text: Its

text: success

text: and

text: evident

text: popular

text: support

text: among

text: the

text: Syrian

text: people

text: encouraged

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: revolutionary

text: pursuits

text: Soon

text: after

text: his

text: return

text: he

text: was

text: summoned

text: and

text: interrogated

text: by

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Ibrahim

text: Abdel

text: Hadi

text: regarding

text: suspicions

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: forming

text: a

text: secret

text: group

text: of

text: dissenting

text: officers

text: According

text: to

text: secondhand

text: reports

text: Nasser

text: convincingly

text: denied

text: the

text: allegations

text: Abdel

text: Hadi

text: was

text: also

text: hesitant

text: to

text: take

text: drastic

text: measures

text: against

text: the

text: army

text: especially

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: its

text: chief

text: of

text: staff

text: who

text: was

text: present

text: during

text: the

text: interrogation

text: and

text: subsequently

text: released

text: Nasser

text: The

text: interrogation

text: pushed

text: Nasser

text: to

text: speed

text: up

text: his

text: group

text: 's

text: activities

question: What people had a coup around the time Nasser returned to Egypt?

answer: Syrian

text: Syrian

question: Who questioned Nasser?

answer: Prime Minister Ibrahim Abdel

text: Prime Minister Ibrahim Abdel

question: What was Nasser's reaction to the questions he was asked?

answer: convincingly denied the allegations

text: convincingly denied the allegations

question: What did the interrogation provoke Nasser to do?

answer: speed up his group's activities

text: speed up his group's activities


text: In April 2010, Shell announced its intention to divest from downstream business of all African countries except South Africa and Egypt to Vitol and "Helios". In several countries such as Tunisia, protests and strikes broke out. Shell denied rumours of the sellout. Shell continues however upstream activities/extracting crude oil in the oil-rich Niger Delta as well as downstream/commercial activities in South Africa. In June 2013, the company announced a strategic review of its operations in Nigeria, hinting that assets could be divested. In August 2014, the company disclosed it was in the process of finalizing the sale of its interests in four Nigerian oil fields.

title: Royal_Dutch_Shell

title: Royal_Dutch_Shell

text: In

text: April

text: Shell

text: announced

text: its

text: intention

text: to

text: divest

text: from

text: downstream

text: business

text: of

text: all

text: African

text: countries

text: except

text: South

text: Africa

text: and

text: Egypt

text: to

text: Vitol

text: and

text: Helios

text: In

text: several

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Tunisia

text: protests

text: and

text: strikes

text: broke

text: out

text: Shell

text: denied

text: rumours

text: of

text: the

text: sellout

text: Shell

text: continues

text: however

text: upstream

text: activities

text: extracting

text: crude

text: oil

text: in

text: the

text: oil

text: rich

text: Niger

text: Delta

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: downstream

text: commercial

text: activities

text: in

text: South

text: Africa

text: In

text: June

text: the

text: company

text: announced

text: a

text: strategic

text: review

text: of

text: its

text: operations

text: in

text: Nigeria

text: hinting

text: that

text: assets

text: could

text: be

text: divested

text: In

text: August

text: the

text: company

text: disclosed

text: it

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: finalizing

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: its

text: interests

text: in

text: four

text: Nigerian

text: oil

text: fields

question: What did Shell announce in April 2010?

answer: its intention to divest from downstream business of all African countries except South Africa and Egypt to Vitol and "Helios"

text: its intention to divest from downstream business of all African countries except South Africa and Egypt to Vitol and "Helios"

question: What happened in several countries in response to Shell's April 2010 announcement?

answer: protests and strikes broke out

text: protests and strikes broke out

question: In June 2013, Shell announced a review of its operations in which country?

answer: Nigeria

text: Nigeria

question: In August 2014, Shell announced it was in the process of doing what?

answer: finalizing the sale of its interests in four Nigerian oil fields.

text: finalizing the sale of its interests in four Nigerian oil fields.

question: What did Shell indicate was a reason for the strategic review of operations in Nigeria?

answer: assets could be divested

text: assets could be divested


text: Boston is surrounded by the "Greater Boston" region and is contiguously bordered by the cities and towns of Winthrop, Revere, Chelsea, Everett, Somerville, Cambridge, Newton, Brookline, Needham, Dedham, Canton, Milton, and Quincy. The Charles River separates Boston from Watertown and the majority of Cambridge, and the mass of Boston from its own Charlestown neighborhood. To the east lie Boston Harbor and the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area (which includes part of the city's territory, specifically Calf Island, Gallops Island, Great Brewster Island, Green Island, Little Brewster Island, Little Calf Island, Long Island, Lovells Island, Middle Brewster Island, Nixes Mate, Outer Brewster Island, Rainsford Island, Shag Rocks, Spectacle Island, The Graves, and Thompson Island). The Neponset River forms the boundary between Boston's southern neighborhoods and the city of Quincy and the town of Milton. The Mystic River separates Charlestown from Chelsea and Everett, and Chelsea Creek and Boston Harbor separate East Boston from Boston proper.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Boston

text: is

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: Greater

text: Boston

text: region

text: and

text: is

text: contiguously

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: cities

text: and

text: towns

text: of

text: Winthrop

text: Revere

text: Chelsea

text: Everett

text: Somerville

text: Cambridge

text: Newton

text: Brookline

text: Needham

text: Dedham

text: Canton

text: Milton

text: and

text: Quincy

text: The

text: Charles

text: River

text: separates

text: Boston

text: from

text: Watertown

text: and

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: Cambridge

text: and

text: the

text: mass

text: of

text: Boston

text: from

text: its

text: own

text: Charlestown

text: neighborhood

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: lie

text: Boston

text: Harbor

text: and

text: the

text: Boston

text: Harbor

text: Islands

text: National

text: Recreation

text: Area

text: which

text: includes

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: territory

text: specifically

text: Calf

text: Island

text: Gallops

text: Island

text: Great

text: Brewster

text: Island

text: Green

text: Island

text: Little

text: Brewster

text: Island

text: Little

text: Calf

text: Island

text: Long

text: Island

text: Lovells

text: Island

text: Middle

text: Brewster

text: Island

text: Nixes

text: Mate

text: Outer

text: Brewster

text: Island

text: Rainsford

text: Island

text: Shag

text: Rocks

text: Spectacle

text: Island

text: The

text: Graves

text: and

text: Thompson

text: Island

text: The

text: Neponset

text: River

text: forms

text: the

text: boundary

text: between

text: Boston

text: 's

text: southern

text: neighborhoods

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Quincy

text: and

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Milton

text: The

text: Mystic

text: River

text: separates

text: Charlestown

text: from

text: Chelsea

text: and

text: Everett

text: and

text: Chelsea

text: Creek

text: and

text: Boston

text: Harbor

text: separate

text: East

text: Boston

text: from

text: Boston

text: proper

question: What is the name of the region that surrounds Boston?

answer: Greater Boston

text: Greater Boston

question: What river seperates Boston from Charlestown?

answer: The Charles River

text: The Charles River

question: What direction from Boston is Boston Harbor?

answer: To the east

text: To the east

question: Calf Island and Green Island are considered part of what National Recreation Area?

answer: Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area

text: Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area


text: Because most injuries sustained by adolescents are related to risky behavior (car crashes, alcohol, unprotected sex), a great deal of research has been done on the cognitive and emotional processes underlying adolescent risk-taking. In addressing this question, it is important to distinguish whether adolescents are more likely to engage in risky behaviors (prevalence), whether they make risk-related decisions similarly or differently than adults (cognitive processing perspective), or whether they use the same processes but value different things and thus arrive at different conclusions. The behavioral decision-making theory proposes that adolescents and adults both weigh the potential rewards and consequences of an action. However, research has shown that adolescents seem to give more weight to rewards, particularly social rewards, than do adults.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Because

text: most

text: injuries

text: sustained

text: by

text: adolescents

text: are

text: related

text: to

text: risky

text: behavior

text: car

text: crashes

text: alcohol

text: unprotected

text: sex

text: a

text: great

text: deal

text: of

text: research

text: has

text: been

text: done

text: on

text: the

text: cognitive

text: and

text: emotional

text: processes

text: underlying

text: adolescent

text: risk

text: taking

text: In

text: addressing

text: this

text: question

text: it

text: is

text: important

text: to

text: distinguish

text: whether

text: adolescents

text: are

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: engage

text: in

text: risky

text: behaviors

text: prevalence

text: whether

text: they

text: make

text: risk

text: related

text: decisions

text: similarly

text: or

text: differently

text: than

text: adults

text: cognitive

text: processing

text: perspective

text: or

text: whether

text: they

text: use

text: the

text: same

text: processes

text: but

text: value

text: different

text: things

text: and

text: thus

text: arrive

text: at

text: different

text: conclusions

text: The

text: behavioral

text: decision

text: making

text: theory

text: proposes

text: that

text: adolescents

text: and

text: adults

text: both

text: weigh

text: the

text: potential

text: rewards

text: and

text: consequences

text: of

text: an

text: action

text: However

text: research

text: has

text: shown

text: that

text: adolescents

text: seem

text: to

text: give

text: more

text: weight

text: to

text: rewards

text: particularly

text: social

text: rewards

text: than

text: do

text: adults

question: Most injuries sustained by adolescents are related to what?

answer: risky behavior

text: risky behavior

question: Do adolescents, adults, or both weight the potential rewards and consequences of an action?

answer: both

text: both

question: Do adolescents or adults seem to give more weight to rewards?

answer: adolescents

text: adolescents

question: Which theory proposes that adults and adolescents both weigh the potential rewards and consequences of an action?

answer: behavioral decision-making theory

text: behavioral decision-making theory


text: Mobile telecommunications and radio broadcasting help to fight corruption, especially in developing regions like Africa, where other forms of communications are limited. In India, the anti-corruption bureau fights against corruption, and a new ombudsman bill called Jan Lokpal Bill is being prepared.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: Mobile

text: telecommunications

text: and

text: radio

text: broadcasting

text: help

text: to

text: fight

text: corruption

text: especially

text: in

text: developing

text: regions

text: like

text: Africa

text: where

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: communications

text: are

text: limited

text: In

text: India

text: the

text: anti

text: corruption

text: bureau

text: fights

text: against

text: corruption

text: and

text: a

text: new

text: ombudsman

text: bill

text: called

text: Jan

text: Lokpal

text: Bill

text: is

text: being

text: prepared

question: Radio broadcasts and what help deter corruption?

answer: Mobile telecommunications

text: Mobile telecommunications

question: What country is used as an example for limited forms of communications?

answer: Africa

text: Africa

question: Who works against corruption in India?

answer: the anti-corruption bureau

text: the anti-corruption bureau

question: What new ombudsman bill is being readied in India?

answer: Jan Lokpal Bill

text: Jan Lokpal Bill


text: Within hours of the UK and France declaring war on Germany on 3 September 1939, the RAF bombed German warships along the German coast at Wilhelmshaven. Thereafter bombing operations were against ports and shipping and propaganda leaflet drops. Operations were planned to minimize civilian casualties. From 15 May 1940 – the day after the Luftwaffe destroyed the centre of Rotterdam – the RAF also carried out operations east of the Rhine, attacking industrial and transportation targets. Operations were carried out every night thereafter.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: Within

text: hours

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: France

text: declaring

text: war

text: on

text: Germany

text: on

text: September

text: the

text: RAF

text: bombed

text: German

text: warships

text: along

text: the

text: German

text: coast

text: at

text: Wilhelmshaven

text: Thereafter

text: bombing

text: operations

text: were

text: against

text: ports

text: and

text: shipping

text: and

text: propaganda

text: leaflet

text: drops

text: Operations

text: were

text: planned

text: to

text: minimize

text: civilian

text: casualties

text: From

text: May

text: the

text: day

text: after

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: destroyed

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: Rotterdam

text: the

text: RAF

text: also

text: carried

text: out

text: operations

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Rhine

text: attacking

text: industrial

text: and

text: transportation

text: targets

text: Operations

text: were

text: carried

text: out

text: every

text: night

text: thereafter

question: Which two countries declared war on Germany on September 3 1939?

answer: UK and France

text: UK and France

question: The RAF bombed what Germany coast?

answer: Wilhelmshaven

text: Wilhelmshaven

question: What kind of leaflets were dropped?

answer: propaganda

text: propaganda

question: What were the RAF operations trying to lessen?

answer: civilian casualties

text: civilian casualties

question: What year did the Luftwaffe destroy Rotterdam center?

answer: 1940


text: The following is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces. It begins at the top with the most senior-ranking personnel and works its way into lower organizations.

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

text: The

text: following

text: is

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: It

text: begins

text: at

text: the

text: top

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: senior

text: ranking

text: personnel

text: and

text: works

text: its

text: way

text: into

text: lower

text: organizations

question: What is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces?

answer: It begins at the top with the most senior-ranking personnel and works its way into lower organizations.

text: It begins at the top with the most senior-ranking personnel and works its way into lower organizations.


text: The "yo yo" in the opinion polls continued into 1992, though after November 1990 any Labour lead in the polls was rarely sufficient for a majority. Major resisted Kinnock's calls for a general election throughout 1991. Kinnock campaigned on the theme "It's Time for a Change", urging voters to elect a new government after more than a decade of unbroken Conservative rule. However, the Conservatives themselves had undergone a dramatic change in the change of leader from Thatcher to Major, at least in terms of style if not substance. From the outset, it was clearly a well-received change, as Labour's 14-point lead in the November 1990 "Poll of Polls" was replaced by an 8% Tory lead a month later.

title: Labour_Party_(UK)

title: Labour_Party_(UK

text: The

text: yo

text: yo

text: in

text: the

text: opinion

text: polls

text: continued

text: into

text: though

text: after

text: November

text: any

text: Labour

text: lead

text: in

text: the

text: polls

text: was

text: rarely

text: sufficient

text: for

text: a

text: majority

text: Major

text: resisted

text: Kinnock

text: 's

text: calls

text: for

text: a

text: general

text: election

text: throughout

text: Kinnock

text: campaigned

text: on

text: the

text: theme

text: It

text: 's

text: Time

text: for

text: a

text: Change

text: urging

text: voters

text: to

text: elect

text: a

text: new

text: government

text: after

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: decade

text: of

text: unbroken

text: Conservative

text: rule

text: However

text: the

text: Conservatives

text: themselves

text: had

text: undergone

text: a

text: dramatic

text: change

text: in

text: the

text: change

text: of

text: leader

text: from

text: Thatcher

text: to

text: Major

text: at

text: least

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: style

text: if

text: not

text: substance

text: From

text: the

text: outset

text: it

text: was

text: clearly

text: a

text: well

text: received

text: change

text: as

text: Labour

text: 's

text: lead

text: in

text: the

text: November

text: Poll

text: of

text: Polls

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: an

text: Tory

text: lead

text: a

text: month

text: later

question: What year did Kinnock call for a general election?

answer: 1991

question: What was Kinnocks party theme?

answer: "It's Time for a Change"

text: "It's Time for a Change"

question: What was the original Tory lead percentage?

answer: 14

question: What did the percentage fall to?

answer: 8%


text: Robert of Ketton's 1143 translation of the Quran for Peter the Venerable, Lex Mahumet pseudoprophete, was the first into a Western language (Latin). Alexander Ross offered the first English version in 1649, from the French translation of L'Alcoran de Mahomet (1647) by Andre du Ryer. In 1734, George Sale produced the first scholarly translation of the Quran into English; another was produced by Richard Bell in 1937, and yet another by Arthur John Arberry in 1955. All these translators were non-Muslims. There have been numerous translations by Muslims. The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community has published translations of the Quran in 50 different languages besides a five-volume English commentary and an English translation of the Quran.

title: Quran

title: Quran

text: Robert

text: of

text: Ketton

text: 's

text: translation

text: of

text: the

text: Quran

text: for

text: Peter

text: the

text: Venerable

text: Lex

text: Mahumet

text: pseudoprophete

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: into

text: a

text: Western

text: language

text: Latin

text: Alexander

text: Ross

text: offered

text: the

text: first

text: English

text: version

text: in

text: from

text: the

text: French

text: translation

text: of

text: L'Alcoran

text: de

text: Mahomet

text: by

text: Andre

text: du

text: Ryer

text: In

text: George

text: Sale

text: produced

text: the

text: first

text: scholarly

text: translation

text: of

text: the

text: Quran

text: into

text: English

text: another

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: Richard

text: Bell

text: in

text: and

text: yet

text: another

text: by

text: Arthur

text: John

text: Arberry

text: in

text: All

text: these

text: translators

text: were

text: non

text: Muslims

text: There

text: have

text: been

text: numerous

text: translations

text: by

text: Muslims

text: The

text: Ahmadiyya

text: Muslim

text: Community

text: has

text: published

text: translations

text: of

text: the

text: Quran

text: in

text: different

text: languages

text: besides

text: a

text: five

text: volume

text: English

text: commentary

text: and

text: an

text: English

text: translation

text: of

text: the

text: Quran

question: In which year was the Quran first translated into a Western language?

answer: 1143

question: Which organization offers versions of the Quran in 50 languages?

answer: Ahmadiyya Muslim Community

text: Ahmadiyya Muslim Community

question: Whose French translation of the Quran was the model for the first English version?

answer: Andre du Ryer

text: Andre du Ryer

question: Who completed the first Latin version of the Quran?

answer: Robert of Ketton

text: Robert of Ketton

question: In which language was Alexander Ross' version of the Quran published in 1649?

answer: English

text: English


text: Russia, as a member of the Holy Alliance, had operated as the "police of Europe", maintaining the balance of power that had been established in the Treaty of Vienna in 1815. Russia had assisted Austria's efforts in suppressing the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, and expected gratitude; it wanted a free hand in settling its problems with the Ottoman Empire — the "sick man of Europe". The United Kingdom could not tolerate Russian dominance of Ottoman affairs, as that would challenge the British domination of the eastern Mediterranean.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: Russia

text: as

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Alliance

text: had

text: operated

text: as

text: the

text: police

text: of

text: Europe

text: maintaining

text: the

text: balance

text: of

text: power

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Vienna

text: in

text: Russia

text: had

text: assisted

text: Austria

text: 's

text: efforts

text: in

text: suppressing

text: the

text: Hungarian

text: Revolution

text: of

text: and

text: expected

text: gratitude

text: it

text: wanted

text: a

text: free

text: hand

text: in

text: settling

text: its

text: problems

text: with

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: the

text: sick

text: man

text: of

text: Europe

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: could

text: not

text: tolerate

text: Russian

text: dominance

text: of

text: Ottoman

text: affairs

text: as

text: that

text: would

text: challenge

text: the

text: British

text: domination

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: Mediterranean

question: Who operated as the "police of Europe"?

answer: Russia

text: Russia

question: What treaty was signing in 1815?

answer: Treaty of Vienna

text: Treaty of Vienna

question: In what year did the Hungarian Revolution take place?

answer: 1848

question: Who did Russia help during the Hungarian Revolution?

answer: Austria

text: Austria

question: In exchange for helping Austria, Russia wanted to be freely able to handle any issues they had with who?

answer: Ottoman Empire

text: Ottoman Empire


text: Sanskrit has also influenced Sino-Tibetan languages through the spread of Buddhist texts in translation. Buddhism was spread to China by Mahayana missionaries sent by Ashoka, mostly through translations of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit. Many terms were transliterated directly and added to the Chinese vocabulary. Chinese words like 剎那 chànà (Devanagari: क्षण kṣaṇa 'instantaneous period') were borrowed from Sanskrit. Many Sanskrit texts survive only in Tibetan collections of commentaries to the Buddhist teachings, the Tengyur.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Sanskrit

text: has

text: also

text: influenced

text: Sino

text: Tibetan

text: languages

text: through

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: Buddhist

text: texts

text: in

text: translation

text: Buddhism

text: was

text: spread

text: to

text: China

text: by

text: Mahayana

text: missionaries

text: sent

text: by

text: Ashoka

text: mostly

text: through

text: translations

text: of

text: Buddhist

text: Hybrid

text: Sanskrit

text: Many

text: terms

text: were

text: transliterated

text: directly

text: and

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: Chinese

text: vocabulary

text: Chinese

text: words

text: like

text: 剎那

text: chànà

text: Devanagari

text: क्षण

text: kṣaṇa

text: instantaneous

text: period

text: were

text: borrowed

text: from

text: Sanskrit

text: Many

text: Sanskrit

text: texts

text: survive

text: only

text: in

text: Tibetan

text: collections

text: of

text: commentaries

text: to

text: the

text: Buddhist

text: teachings

text: the

text: Tengyur

question: What in the use of Sanskrit has influenced Sino-Tibetan languages?

answer: Buddhist texts

text: Buddhist texts

question: What religion was spread to China through Sanskrit translations?

answer: Buddhism

text: Buddhism

question: Who sent missionaries to China?

answer: Ashoka

text: Ashoka

question: What were transliterated and added to the Chinese language?

answer: Many terms

text: Many terms

question: Where do many Sanskrit texts survive?

answer: Tibetan collections

text: Tibetan collections


text: Ancient Greece had traditionally been a fractious collection of fiercely independent city-states. After the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), Greece had fallen under a Spartan hegemony, in which Sparta was pre-eminent but not all-powerful. Spartan hegemony was succeeded by a Theban one after the Battle of Leuctra (371 BC), but after the Battle of Mantinea (362 BC), all of Greece was so weakened that no one state could claim pre-eminence. It was against this backdrop, that the ascendancy of Macedon began, under king Philip II. Macedon was located at the periphery of the Greek world, and although its royal family claimed Greek descent, the Macedonians themselves were looked down upon as semi-barbaric by the rest of the Greeks. However, Macedon had a relatively strong and centralised government, and compared to most Greek states, directly controlled a large area.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: had

text: traditionally

text: been

text: a

text: fractious

text: collection

text: of

text: fiercely

text: independent

text: city

text: states

text: After

text: the

text: Peloponnesian

text: War

text: BC

text: Greece

text: had

text: fallen

text: under

text: a

text: Spartan

text: hegemony

text: in

text: which

text: Sparta

text: was

text: pre

text: eminent

text: but

text: not

text: all

text: powerful

text: Spartan

text: hegemony

text: was

text: succeeded

text: by

text: a

text: Theban

text: one

text: after

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Leuctra

text: BC

text: but

text: after

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Mantinea

text: BC

text: all

text: of

text: Greece

text: was

text: so

text: weakened

text: that

text: no

text: one

text: state

text: could

text: claim

text: pre

text: eminence

text: It

text: was

text: against

text: this

text: backdrop

text: that

text: the

text: ascendancy

text: of

text: Macedon

text: began

text: under

text: king

text: Philip

text: II

text: Macedon

text: was

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: periphery

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: world

text: and

text: although

text: its

text: royal

text: family

text: claimed

text: Greek

text: descent

text: the

text: Macedonians

text: themselves

text: were

text: looked

text: down

text: upon

text: as

text: semi

text: barbaric

text: by

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: Greeks

text: However

text: Macedon

text: had

text: a

text: relatively

text: strong

text: and

text: centralised

text: government

text: and

text: compared

text: to

text: most

text: Greek

text: states

text: directly

text: controlled

text: a

text: large

text: area

question: When was the Peloponnesian War?

answer: 431–404 BC

text: 431–404 BC

question: What hegemoney replaced Sparta after the Battle of Leuctra?

answer: Theban

text: Theban

question: When was the Battle of Leuctra?

answer: 371 BC

text: 371 BC

question: When was the Battle of Mantinea?

answer: 362 BC

text: 362 BC

question: Which king lend the rise of Macedon?

answer: Philip II

text: Philip II


text: In December 2011, Xinhua stated that "[t]he basic structure of the Beidou system has now been established, and engineers are now conducting comprehensive system test and evaluation. The system will provide test-run services of positioning, navigation and time for China and the neighboring areas before the end of this year, according to the authorities." The system became operational in the China region that same month. The global navigation system should be finished by 2020. As of December 2012, 16 satellites for BeiDou-2 have been launched, 14 of them are in service.

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

text: In

text: December

text: Xinhua

text: stated

text: that

text: t]he

text: basic

text: structure

text: of

text: the

text: Beidou

text: system

text: has

text: now

text: been

text: established

text: and

text: engineers

text: are

text: now

text: conducting

text: comprehensive

text: system

text: test

text: and

text: evaluation

text: The

text: system

text: will

text: provide

text: test

text: run

text: services

text: of

text: positioning

text: navigation

text: and

text: time

text: for

text: China

text: and

text: the

text: neighboring

text: areas

text: before

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: this

text: year

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: authorities

text: The

text: system

text: became

text: operational

text: in

text: the

text: China

text: region

text: that

text: same

text: month

text: The

text: global

text: navigation

text: system

text: should

text: be

text: finished

text: by

text: As

text: of

text: December

text: satellites

text: for

text: have

text: been

text: launched

text: of

text: them

text: are

text: in

text: service

question: When did the Beidou system begin operating in China?

answer: December 2011

text: December 2011

question: When is it projected that the global navigation system will be finished?

answer: by 2020

text: by 2020

question: As of December 2012, how many satellites had been launched for the BeiDou-2 system?

answer: 16

question: Of the 16 satellites launched for the BeiDou-2 system, how many are operational?

answer: 14


text: Louis XVI and the royal family were brought to Paris and made virtual prisoners within the Tuileries Palace. In 1793, as the revolution turned more and more radical, the king, queen, and the mayor were guillotined, along with more than 16,000 others (throughout France), during the Reign of Terror. The property of the aristocracy and the church was nationalised, and the city's churches were closed, sold or demolished. A succession of revolutionary factions ruled Paris until 9 November 1799 (coup d'état du 18 brumaire), when Napoléon Bonaparte seized power as First Consul.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: Louis

text: XVI

text: and

text: the

text: royal

text: family

text: were

text: brought

text: to

text: Paris

text: and

text: made

text: virtual

text: prisoners

text: within

text: the

text: Tuileries

text: Palace

text: In

text: as

text: the

text: revolution

text: turned

text: more

text: and

text: more

text: radical

text: the

text: king

text: queen

text: and

text: the

text: mayor

text: were

text: guillotined

text: along

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: others

text: throughout

text: France

text: during

text: the

text: Reign

text: of

text: Terror

text: The

text: property

text: of

text: the

text: aristocracy

text: and

text: the

text: church

text: was

text: nationalised

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: churches

text: were

text: closed

text: sold

text: or

text: demolished

text: A

text: succession

text: of

text: revolutionary

text: factions

text: ruled

text: Paris

text: until

text: November

text: coup

text: d'état

text: du

text: brumaire

text: when

text: Napoléon

text: Bonaparte

text: seized

text: power

text: as

text: First

text: Consul

question: Where did Louis XVI and his family live?

answer: Tuileries Palace

text: Tuileries Palace

question: When did Napoleon Bonaparte gain power as the First Consul?

answer: 9 November 1799

text: 9 November 1799

question: Approximately how many people were executed during the Reign of Terror?

answer: 16,000


text: Israel (/ˈɪzreɪəl/ or /ˈɪzriːəl/; Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל Yisrā'el; Arabic: إِسْرَائِيل Isrāʼīl), officially the State of Israel (Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל Medīnat Yisrā'el [mediˈnat jisʁaˈʔel] ( listen); Arabic: دولة إِسْرَائِيل Dawlat Isrāʼīl [dawlat ʔisraːˈʔiːl]), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. The country is situated in the Middle East at the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea. It shares land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories (which are claimed by the State of Palestine and are partially controlled by Israel) comprising the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest. It contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel's financial and technology center is Tel Aviv while Jerusalem is both the self-designated capital and most populous individual city under the country's governmental administration. Israeli sovereignty over Jerusalem is internationally unrecognized.[note 1]

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Israel

text: /ˈɪzreɪəl/

text: or

text: /ˈɪzriːəl/

text: Hebrew

text: יִשְׂרָאֵל

text: Yisrā'el

text: Arabic

text: إِسْرَائِيل

text: Isrāʼīl

text: officially

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Israel

text: Hebrew

text: מְדִינַת

text: יִשְׂרָאֵל

text: Medīnat

text: Yisrā'el

text: mediˈnat

text: jisʁaˈʔel

text: listen

text: Arabic

text: دولة

text: إِسْرَائِيل

text: Dawlat

text: Isrāʼīl

text: dawlat

text: ʔisraːˈʔiːl

text: is

text: a

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: The

text: country

text: is

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: at

text: the

text: southeastern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: shore

text: of

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Aqaba

text: in

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: It

text: shares

text: land

text: borders

text: with

text: Lebanon

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Syria

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: Jordan

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: which

text: are

text: claimed

text: by

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Palestine

text: and

text: are

text: partially

text: controlled

text: by

text: Israel

text: comprising

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: and

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: west

text: respectively

text: and

text: Egypt

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: It

text: contains

text: geographically

text: diverse

text: features

text: within

text: its

text: relatively

text: small

text: area

text: Israel

text: 's

text: financial

text: and

text: technology

text: center

text: is

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: while

text: Jerusalem

text: is

text: both

text: the

text: self

text: designated

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: individual

text: city

text: under

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: governmental

text: administration

text: Israeli

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: Jerusalem

text: is

text: internationally

text: unrecognized.[note

question: What is the official State of Israel?

answer: Israel

text: Israel

question: Where is Israel located?

answer: Middle East

text: Middle East

question: What's Israel's financial and technology center?

answer: Tel Aviv

text: Tel Aviv


text: Typical stringed instruments of the early period include the harp, lute, vielle, and psaltery, while wind instruments included the flute family (including recorder), shawm (an early member of the oboe family), trumpet, and the bagpipes. Simple pipe organs existed, but were largely confined to churches, although there were portable varieties. Later in the period, early versions of keyboard instruments like the clavichord and harpsichord began to appear. Stringed instruments such as the viol had emerged by the 16th century, as had a wider variety of brass and reed instruments. Printing enabled the standardization of descriptions and specifications of instruments, as well as instruction in their use.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: Typical

text: stringed

text: instruments

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: period

text: include

text: the

text: harp

text: lute

text: vielle

text: and

text: psaltery

text: while

text: wind

text: instruments

text: included

text: the

text: flute

text: family

text: including

text: recorder

text: shawm

text: an

text: early

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: oboe

text: family

text: trumpet

text: and

text: the

text: bagpipes

text: Simple

text: pipe

text: organs

text: existed

text: but

text: were

text: largely

text: confined

text: to

text: churches

text: although

text: there

text: were

text: portable

text: varieties

text: Later

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: early

text: versions

text: of

text: keyboard

text: instruments

text: like

text: the

text: clavichord

text: and

text: harpsichord

text: began

text: to

text: appear

text: Stringed

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: viol

text: had

text: emerged

text: by

text: the

text: century

text: as

text: had

text: a

text: wider

text: variety

text: of

text: brass

text: and

text: reed

text: instruments

text: Printing

text: enabled

text: the

text: standardization

text: of

text: descriptions

text: and

text: specifications

text: of

text: instruments

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: instruction

text: in

text: their

text: use

question: The record is part of what wind family?

answer: the flute family

text: the flute family

question: The sahwm was an early family member of what instrument?

answer: the oboe

text: the oboe

question: Where were the first pipe organs confined to?

answer: churches

text: churches

question: When had the viol emerged by?

answer: the 16th century

text: the 16th century

question: What enabled descriptions and specification of instruments?

answer: Printing

text: Printing


text: Some people consider glass to be a liquid due to its lack of a first-order phase transition where certain thermodynamic variables such as volume, entropy and enthalpy are discontinuous through the glass transition range. The glass transition may be described as analogous to a second-order phase transition where the intensive thermodynamic variables such as the thermal expansivity and heat capacity are discontinuous. Nonetheless, the equilibrium theory of phase transformations does not entirely hold for glass, and hence the glass transition cannot be classed as one of the classical equilibrium phase transformations in solids.

title: Glass

title: Glass

text: Some

text: people

text: consider

text: glass

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: liquid

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: lack

text: of

text: a

text: first

text: order

text: phase

text: transition

text: where

text: certain

text: thermodynamic

text: variables

text: such

text: as

text: volume

text: entropy

text: and

text: enthalpy

text: are

text: discontinuous

text: through

text: the

text: glass

text: transition

text: range

text: The

text: glass

text: transition

text: may

text: be

text: described

text: as

text: analogous

text: to

text: a

text: second

text: order

text: phase

text: transition

text: where

text: the

text: intensive

text: thermodynamic

text: variables

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: thermal

text: expansivity

text: and

text: heat

text: capacity

text: are

text: discontinuous

text: Nonetheless

text: the

text: equilibrium

text: theory

text: of

text: phase

text: transformations

text: does

text: not

text: entirely

text: hold

text: for

text: glass

text: and

text: hence

text: the

text: glass

text: transition

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: classed

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: classical

text: equilibrium

text: phase

text: transformations

text: in

text: solids

question: What does glass not have, leading some to think it is a liquid?

answer: first-order phase transition

text: first-order phase transition

question: What theory isn't completely valid for glass?

answer: equilibrium theory of phase transformations

text: equilibrium theory of phase transformations

question: Transition in glass is comparable to what?

answer: a second-order phase transition

text: a second-order phase transition


text: It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instituting such a festival without the permission of the Holy See. In doing so, he takes occasion to repudiate altogether the view that the conception of Mary was sinless. It is doubtful, however, whether he was using the term "conception" in the same sense in which it is used in the definition of Pope Pius IX. Bernard would seem to have been speaking of conception in the active sense of the mother's cooperation, for in his argument he says: "How can there be absence of sin where there is concupiscence (libido)?" and stronger expressions follow, showing that he is speaking of the mother and not of the child.

title: Immaculate_Conception

title: Immaculate_Conception

text: It

text: seems

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: St

text: Bernard

text: of

text: Clairvaux

text: who

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: explicitly

text: raised

text: the

text: question

text: of

text: the

text: Immaculate

text: Conception

text: A

text: feast

text: of

text: the

text: Conception

text: of

text: the

text: Blessed

text: Virgin

text: had

text: already

text: begun

text: to

text: be

text: celebrated

text: in

text: some

text: churches

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: St

text: Bernard

text: blames

text: the

text: canons

text: of

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: church

text: of

text: Lyon

text: for

text: instituting

text: such

text: a

text: festival

text: without

text: the

text: permission

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: See

text: In

text: doing

text: so

text: he

text: takes

text: occasion

text: to

text: repudiate

text: altogether

text: the

text: view

text: that

text: the

text: conception

text: of

text: Mary

text: was

text: sinless

text: It

text: is

text: doubtful

text: however

text: whether

text: he

text: was

text: using

text: the

text: term

text: conception

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: sense

text: in

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: IX

text: Bernard

text: would

text: seem

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: speaking

text: of

text: conception

text: in

text: the

text: active

text: sense

text: of

text: the

text: mother

text: 's

text: cooperation

text: for

text: in

text: his

text: argument

text: he

text: says

text: How

text: can

text: there

text: be

text: absence

text: of

text: sin

text: where

text: there

text: is

text: concupiscence

text: libido

text: and

text: stronger

text: expressions

text: follow

text: showing

text: that

text: he

text: is

text: speaking

text: of

text: the

text: mother

text: and

text: not

text: of

text: the

text: child

question: Who began to query the position of the conception of Mary following the 11th century ?

answer: St Bernard of Clairvaux

text: St Bernard of Clairvaux

question: Who did the query starter lay blame upon for the festivals that surrounded Mary's inception ?

answer: St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instituting such a festival without the permission of the Holy See.

text: St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instituting such a festival without the permission of the Holy See.

question: What did the query starter believe to be the ultimate difficulty in accepting  the a virgin conception of Mary ?

answer: How can there be absence of sin where there is concupiscence (libido)?

text: How can there be absence of sin where there is concupiscence (libido)?

question: What did the query starter believe had been done by Mary's direct  maternal line that contradict the conception theory of immaculate for Mary ?

answer: conception in the active sense of the mother's cooperation

text: conception in the active sense of the mother's cooperation

question: Did the query starter believe that the festival for Mary's conception had authorization to be held ?

answer: instituting such a festival without the permission of the Holy See

text: instituting such a festival without the permission of the Holy See


text: The Nabatean Kingdom was an Arab state located between the Sinai Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula. Its capital was the city of Petra, an important trading city on the incense route. The Nabateans resisted the attacks of Antigonous and were allies of the Hasmoneans in their struggle against the Seleucids, but later fought against Herod the great. The hellenization of the Nabateans accured relatively late in comparison to the surrounding regions. Nabatean material culture does not show any Greek influence until the reign of Aretas III Philhellene in the 1st century BCE. Aretas captured Damascus and built the Petra pool complex and gardens in the Hellenistic style. Though the Nabateans originally worshipped their traditional gods in symbolic form such as stone blocks or pillars, during the Hellenistic period they began to identify their gods with Greek gods and depict them in figurative forms influenced by Greek sculpture. Nabatean art shows Greek influences and paintings have been found depicting Dionysian scenes. They also slowly adopted Greek as a language of commerce along with Aramaic and Arabic.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: The

text: Nabatean

text: Kingdom

text: was

text: an

text: Arab

text: state

text: located

text: between

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: Its

text: capital

text: was

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Petra

text: an

text: important

text: trading

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: incense

text: route

text: The

text: Nabateans

text: resisted

text: the

text: attacks

text: of

text: Antigonous

text: and

text: were

text: allies

text: of

text: the

text: Hasmoneans

text: in

text: their

text: struggle

text: against

text: the

text: Seleucids

text: but

text: later

text: fought

text: against

text: Herod

text: the

text: great

text: The

text: hellenization

text: of

text: the

text: Nabateans

text: accured

text: relatively

text: late

text: in

text: comparison

text: to

text: the

text: surrounding

text: regions

text: Nabatean

text: material

text: culture

text: does

text: not

text: show

text: any

text: Greek

text: influence

text: until

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Aretas

text: III

text: Philhellene

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: BCE

text: Aretas

text: captured

text: Damascus

text: and

text: built

text: the

text: Petra

text: pool

text: complex

text: and

text: gardens

text: in

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: style

text: Though

text: the

text: Nabateans

text: originally

text: worshipped

text: their

text: traditional

text: gods

text: in

text: symbolic

text: form

text: such

text: as

text: stone

text: blocks

text: or

text: pillars

text: during

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: they

text: began

text: to

text: identify

text: their

text: gods

text: with

text: Greek

text: gods

text: and

text: depict

text: them

text: in

text: figurative

text: forms

text: influenced

text: by

text: Greek

text: sculpture

text: Nabatean

text: art

text: shows

text: Greek

text: influences

text: and

text: paintings

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: depicting

text: Dionysian

text: scenes

text: They

text: also

text: slowly

text: adopted

text: Greek

text: as

text: a

text: language

text: of

text: commerce

text: along

text: with

text: Aramaic

text: and

text: Arabic

question: What Arab State lied between the Sinai Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula?

answer: Nabatean Kingdom

text: Nabatean Kingdom

question: What was the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom?

answer: Petra

text: Petra

question: Who allied with the Nabatean Kingdom to fight against the Seleucids?

answer: Hasmoneans

text: Hasmoneans

question: Under whose reign did Nabatean culture begin to show Greek influence?

answer: Aretas III Philhellene

text: Aretas III Philhellene

question: What century did Aretas III Philhellene reign?

answer: 1st


text: Developers also found the machine difficult to program for. In 2007, Gabe Newell of Valve said "The PS3 is a total disaster on so many levels, I think it's really clear that Sony lost track of what customers and what developers wanted". He continued "I'd say, even at this late date, they should just cancel it and do a do over. Just say, 'This was a horrible disaster and we're sorry and we're going to stop selling this and stop trying to convince people to develop for it'". Doug Lombardi VP of Marketing for Valve has since stated that they are interested in developing for the console and are looking to hire talented PS3 programmers for future projects. He later restated Valve's position, "Until we have the ability to get a PS3 team together, until we find the people who want to come to Valve or who are at Valve who want to work on that, I don't really see us moving to that platform". At Sony's E3 2010 press conference, Newell made a live appearance to recant his previous statements, citing Sony's move to make the system more developer friendly, and to announce that Valve would be developing Portal 2 for the system. He also claimed that the inclusion of Steamworks (Valve's system to automatically update their software independently) would help to make the PS3 version of Portal 2 the best console version on the market.

title: PlayStation_3

title: PlayStation_3

text: Developers

text: also

text: found

text: the

text: machine

text: difficult

text: to

text: program

text: for

text: In

text: Gabe

text: Newell

text: of

text: Valve

text: said

text: The

text: is

text: a

text: total

text: disaster

text: on

text: so

text: many

text: levels

text: I

text: think

text: it

text: 's

text: really

text: clear

text: that

text: Sony

text: lost

text: track

text: of

text: what

text: customers

text: and

text: what

text: developers

text: wanted

text: He

text: continued

text: I

text: 'd

text: say

text: even

text: at

text: this

text: late

text: date

text: they

text: should

text: just

text: cancel

text: it

text: and

text: do

text: a

text: do

text: over

text: Just

text: say

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: horrible

text: disaster

text: and

text: we

text: 're

text: sorry

text: and

text: we

text: 're

text: going

text: to

text: stop

text: selling

text: this

text: and

text: stop

text: trying

text: to

text: convince

text: people

text: to

text: develop

text: for

text: it

text: Doug

text: Lombardi

text: VP

text: of

text: Marketing

text: for

text: Valve

text: has

text: since

text: stated

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: interested

text: in

text: developing

text: for

text: the

text: console

text: and

text: are

text: looking

text: to

text: hire

text: talented

text: programmers

text: for

text: future

text: projects

text: He

text: later

text: restated

text: Valve

text: 's

text: position

text: Until

text: we

text: have

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: get

text: a

text: team

text: together

text: until

text: we

text: find

text: the

text: people

text: who

text: want

text: to

text: come

text: to

text: Valve

text: or

text: who

text: are

text: at

text: Valve

text: who

text: want

text: to

text: work

text: on

text: that

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: really

text: see

text: us

text: moving

text: to

text: that

text: platform

text: At

text: Sony

text: 's

text: press

text: conference

text: Newell

text: made

text: a

text: live

text: appearance

text: to

text: recant

text: his

text: previous

text: statements

text: citing

text: Sony

text: 's

text: move

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: system

text: more

text: developer

text: friendly

text: and

text: to

text: announce

text: that

text: Valve

text: would

text: be

text: developing

text: Portal

text: for

text: the

text: system

text: He

text: also

text: claimed

text: that

text: the

text: inclusion

text: of

text: Steamworks

text: Valve

text: 's

text: system

text: to

text: automatically

text: update

text: their

text: software

text: independently

text: would

text: help

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: version

text: of

text: Portal

text: the

text: best

text: console

text: version

text: on

text: the

text: market

question: In what year did Gabe Newell call the PS3 "a total disaster"?

answer: 2007

question: Who is Valve's VP of Marketing who says they want to hire programmers for a PS3 team?

answer: Doug Lombardi

text: Doug Lombardi

question: What year did Newell show up at Sony's EC3 press conference to take back what he said about PS3?

answer: 2010

question: What game did Valve develop for the PlayStation 3 console?

answer: Portal 2

text: Portal 2

question: What's the name of Valve's software update system?

answer: Steamworks

text: Steamworks


text: The city proper is home to less than one-thirteenth of the population of South Florida. Miami is the 42nd-most populous city in the United States. The Miami metropolitan area, which includes Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties, had a combined population of more than 5.5 million people, ranked seventh largest in the United States, and is the largest metropolitan area in the Southeastern United States. As of 2008[update], the United Nations estimates that the Miami Urban Agglomeration is the 44th-largest in the world.

title: Miami

title: Miami

text: The

text: city

text: proper

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: less

text: than

text: one

text: thirteenth

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: South

text: Florida

text: Miami

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: Miami

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: which

text: includes

text: Miami

text: Dade

text: Broward

text: and

text: Palm

text: Beach

text: counties

text: had

text: a

text: combined

text: population

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: people

text: ranked

text: seventh

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: Southeastern

text: United

text: States

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: estimates

text: that

text: the

text: Miami

text: Urban

text: Agglomeration

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: Where does Miami rank in population among US cities?

answer: 42nd

question: Along with Palm Beach and Miami-Dade, what county is part of the Miami-Dade metropolitan area?

answer: Broward

text: Broward

question: How many people live in the Miami-Dade metropolitan area?

answer: 5.5 million

text: 5.5 million

question: Where does Miami-Dade rank in population among metropolitan areas in the US?

answer: seventh

text: seventh

question: What fraction of the southern Florida population lives in Miami?

answer: one-thirteenth

text: one-thirteenth


text: About that time the "executionist movement" (Polish: "egzekucja praw"--"execution of the laws") began to take form. Its members would seek to curb the power of the magnates at the Sejm and to strengthen the power of king and country. In 1562 at the Sejm in Piotrków they would force the magnates to return many leased crown lands to the king, and the king to create a standing army (wojsko kwarciane). One of the most famous members of this movement was Jan Zamoyski. After his death in 1605, the movement lost its political force.

title: Szlachta

title: Szlachta

text: About

text: that

text: time

text: the

text: executionist

text: movement

text: Polish

text: egzekucja

text: praw"--"execution

text: of

text: the

text: laws

text: began

text: to

text: take

text: form

text: Its

text: members

text: would

text: seek

text: to

text: curb

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: magnates

text: at

text: the

text: Sejm

text: and

text: to

text: strengthen

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: king

text: and

text: country

text: In

text: at

text: the

text: Sejm

text: in

text: Piotrków

text: they

text: would

text: force

text: the

text: magnates

text: to

text: return

text: many

text: leased

text: crown

text: lands

text: to

text: the

text: king

text: and

text: the

text: king

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: standing

text: army

text: wojsko

text: kwarciane

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: famous

text: members

text: of

text: this

text: movement

text: was

text: Jan

text: Zamoyski

text: After

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: the

text: movement

text: lost

text: its

text: political

text: force

question: What was the movement called also known as execution of laws?

answer: "executionist movement

text: "executionist movement

question: What were the intentions of executionists movement?

answer: seek to curb the power of the magnates at the Sejm and to strengthen the power of king and country

text: seek to curb the power of the magnates at the Sejm and to strengthen the power of king and country

question: what did the Sejm in Piotrków forced the magnates to do?

answer: return many leased crown lands to the king,

text: return many leased crown lands to the king,

question: WHen did Jan Zamoyski. die?

answer: 1605

question: What happened when Jan Zamoyski died?

answer: movement lost its political force.

text: movement lost its political force.


text: More complex inflection is still found in certain lexicalized expressions like de heer des huizes (literally, the man of the house), etc. These are usually remnants of cases (in this instance, the genitive case which is still used in German, cf. Der Herr des Hauses) and other inflections no longer in general use today. In such lexicalized expressions remnants of strong and weak nouns can be found too, e.g. in het jaar des Heren (Anno Domini), where "-en" is actually the genitive ending of the weak noun. Also in this case, German retains this feature. Though the genitive is widely avoided in speech.

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: More

text: complex

text: inflection

text: is

text: still

text: found

text: in

text: certain

text: lexicalized

text: expressions

text: like

text: de

text: heer

text: des

text: huizes

text: literally

text: the

text: man

text: of

text: the

text: house

text: etc

text: These

text: are

text: usually

text: remnants

text: of

text: cases

text: in

text: this

text: instance

text: the

text: genitive

text: case

text: which

text: is

text: still

text: used

text: in

text: German

text: cf

text: Der

text: Herr

text: des

text: Hauses

text: and

text: other

text: inflections

text: no

text: longer

text: in

text: general

text: use

text: today

text: In

text: such

text: lexicalized

text: expressions

text: remnants

text: of

text: strong

text: and

text: weak

text: nouns

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: too

text: e.g.

text: in

text: het

text: jaar

text: des

text: Heren

text: Anno

text: Domini

text: where

text: -en

text: is

text: actually

text: the

text: genitive

text: ending

text: of

text: the

text: weak

text: noun

text: Also

text: in

text: this

text: case

text: German

text: retains

text: this

text: feature

text: Though

text: the

text: genitive

text: is

text: widely

text: avoided

text: in

text: speech

question: What case no longer used in Dutch is still present in German phrases like "Der Herr des Hauses"?

answer: genitive

text: genitive

question: How would you say "the man of the house" in Dutch?

answer: de heer des huizes

text: de heer des huizes

question: What word described standalone expressions that retain some outdated convention as an exception?

answer: lexicalized

text: lexicalized

question: Which word in the phrase "het jaar des Heren" is a weak noun with a genitive ending added?

answer: Heren

text: Heren


text: Following the Sergeant Isaac Woodard incident, President Harry S. Truman, himself a combat veteran of World War I, issued Executive Order 9808 establishing the President's Committee on Civil Rights to examine the violence and recommend appropriate federal legislation. Hearing of the incident, Truman turned to NAACP leader Walter Francis White and declared, "My God! I had no idea it was as terrible as that. We've got to do something." In 1947 the committee published its findings, To Secure These Rights. The book was widely read, influential, and considered utopian for the times: "In our land men are equal, but they are free to be different. From these very differences among our people has come the great human and national strength of America." The report discussed and demonstrated racial discrimination in basic freedoms, education, public facilities, personal safety, and employment opportunities. The committee was disturbed by the state of race relations, and included the evacuation of Americans of Japanese descent during the war "made without a trial or any sort of hearing…Fundamental to our whole system of law is the belief that guilt is personal and not a matter of heredity or association." The recommendations were radical, calling for federal policies and laws to end racial discrimination and bring about equality: "We can tolerate no restrictions upon the individual which depend upon irrelevant factors such as his race, his color, his religion, or the social position to which he is born." To Secure These Rights set the liberal legislative agenda for the next generation that eventually would be signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson.:35–36

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: Following

text: the

text: Sergeant

text: Isaac

text: Woodard

text: incident

text: President

text: Harry

text: S.

text: Truman

text: himself

text: a

text: combat

text: veteran

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: issued

text: Executive

text: Order

text: establishing

text: the

text: President

text: 's

text: Committee

text: on

text: Civil

text: Rights

text: to

text: examine

text: the

text: violence

text: and

text: recommend

text: appropriate

text: federal

text: legislation

text: Hearing

text: of

text: the

text: incident

text: Truman

text: turned

text: to

text: NAACP

text: leader

text: Walter

text: Francis

text: White

text: and

text: declared

text: My

text: God

text: I

text: had

text: no

text: idea

text: it

text: was

text: as

text: terrible

text: as

text: that

text: We

text: 've

text: got

text: to

text: do

text: something

text: In

text: the

text: committee

text: published

text: its

text: findings

text: To

text: Secure

text: These

text: Rights

text: The

text: book

text: was

text: widely

text: read

text: influential

text: and

text: considered

text: utopian

text: for

text: the

text: times

text: In

text: our

text: land

text: men

text: are

text: equal

text: but

text: they

text: are

text: free

text: to

text: be

text: different

text: From

text: these

text: very

text: differences

text: among

text: our

text: people

text: has

text: come

text: the

text: great

text: human

text: and

text: national

text: strength

text: of

text: America

text: The

text: report

text: discussed

text: and

text: demonstrated

text: racial

text: discrimination

text: in

text: basic

text: freedoms

text: education

text: public

text: facilities

text: personal

text: safety

text: and

text: employment

text: opportunities

text: The

text: committee

text: was

text: disturbed

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: race

text: relations

text: and

text: included

text: the

text: evacuation

text: of

text: Americans

text: of

text: Japanese

text: descent

text: during

text: the

text: war

text: made

text: without

text: a

text: trial

text: or

text: any

text: sort

text: of

text: hearing

text: Fundamental

text: to

text: our

text: whole

text: system

text: of

text: law

text: is

text: the

text: belief

text: that

text: guilt

text: is

text: personal

text: and

text: not

text: a

text: matter

text: of

text: heredity

text: or

text: association

text: The

text: recommendations

text: were

text: radical

text: calling

text: for

text: federal

text: policies

text: and

text: laws

text: to

text: end

text: racial

text: discrimination

text: and

text: bring

text: about

text: equality

text: We

text: can

text: tolerate

text: no

text: restrictions

text: upon

text: the

text: individual

text: which

text: depend

text: upon

text: irrelevant

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: his

text: race

text: his

text: color

text: his

text: religion

text: or

text: the

text: social

text: position

text: to

text: which

text: he

text: is

text: born

text: To

text: Secure

text: These

text: Rights

text: set

text: the

text: liberal

text: legislative

text: agenda

text: for

text: the

text: next

text: generation

text: that

text: eventually

text: would

text: be

text: signed

text: into

text: law

text: by

text: Lyndon

text: B.

question: What group was established in response to Executive Order 9808?

answer: President's Committee on Civil Rights

text: President's Committee on Civil Rights

question: What was the Executive Order 9808 issued in response to?

answer: Sergeant Isaac Woodard incident

text: Sergeant Isaac Woodard incident

question: In which year were the "To Secure These Rights" findings published?

answer: 1947

question: What was the committee especially disturbed by as indicated in their report?

answer: the state of race relations

text: the state of race relations

question: Who in the generation following the "To Secure These Rights" findings sign legislation for affirmative action into law?

answer: Lyndon B. Johnson

text: Lyndon B. Johnson


text: The city is also home to two large colleges. The City College Plymouth provides courses from the most basic to Foundation degrees for approximately 26,000 students. Plymouth College of Art offers a selection of courses including media. It was started 153 years ago and is now one of only four independent colleges of art and design in the UK.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: two

text: large

text: colleges

text: The

text: City

text: College

text: Plymouth

text: provides

text: courses

text: from

text: the

text: most

text: basic

text: to

text: Foundation

text: degrees

text: for

text: approximately

text: students

text: Plymouth

text: College

text: of

text: Art

text: offers

text: a

text: selection

text: of

text: courses

text: including

text: media

text: It

text: was

text: started

text: years

text: ago

text: and

text: is

text: now

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: four

text: independent

text: colleges

text: of

text: art

text: and

text: design

text: in

text: the

text: UK

question: Along with City College Plymouth, what college calls Plymouth home?

answer: Plymouth College of Art

text: Plymouth College of Art

question: About how many students are enrolled at City College Plymouth?

answer: 26,000

question: How many years ago was Plymouth College of Art founded?

answer: 153

question: How many independent art colleges exist in the United Kingdom?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many large colleges exist in Plymouth?

answer: two

text: two


text: After almost a year in the area around Peenemünde, Soviet officials moved most of the captured German rocket specialists to Gorodomlya Island on Lake Seliger, about 240 kilometers (150 mi) northwest of Moscow. They were not allowed to participate in Soviet missile design, but were used as problem-solving consultants to the Soviet engineers. They helped in the following areas: the creation of a Soviet version of the A-4; work on "organizational schemes"; research in improving the A-4 main engine; development of a 100-ton engine; assistance in the "layout" of plant production rooms; and preparation of rocket assembly using German components. With their help, particularly Helmut Groettrup's group, Korolev reverse-engineered the A-4 and built his own version of the rocket, the R-1, in 1948. Later, he developed his own distinct designs, though many of these designs were influenced by the Groettrup Group's G4-R10 design from 1949. The Germans were eventually repatriated in 1951–53.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: After

text: almost

text: a

text: year

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: around

text: Peenemünde

text: Soviet

text: officials

text: moved

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: captured

text: German

text: rocket

text: specialists

text: to

text: Gorodomlya

text: Island

text: on

text: Lake

text: Seliger

text: about

text: kilometers

text: mi

text: northwest

text: of

text: Moscow

text: They

text: were

text: not

text: allowed

text: to

text: participate

text: in

text: Soviet

text: missile

text: design

text: but

text: were

text: used

text: as

text: problem

text: solving

text: consultants

text: to

text: the

text: Soviet

text: engineers

text: They

text: helped

text: in

text: the

text: following

text: areas

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: a

text: Soviet

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: work

text: on

text: organizational

text: schemes

text: research

text: in

text: improving

text: the

text: main

text: engine

text: development

text: of

text: a

text: engine

text: assistance

text: in

text: the

text: layout

text: of

text: plant

text: production

text: rooms

text: and

text: preparation

text: of

text: rocket

text: assembly

text: using

text: German

text: components

text: With

text: their

text: help

text: particularly

text: Helmut

text: Groettrup

text: 's

text: group

text: Korolev

text: reverse

text: engineered

text: the

text: and

text: built

text: his

text: own

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: rocket

text: the

text: in

text: Later

text: he

text: developed

text: his

text: own

text: distinct

text: designs

text: though

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: designs

text: were

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: Groettrup

text: Group

text: 's

text: design

text: from

text: The

text: Germans

text: were

text: eventually

text: repatriated

text: in

question: What year was the R1 rocket born?

answer: 1948


text: In recent decades, the literacy rate of Rajasthan has increased significantly. In 1991, the state's literacy rate was only 38.55% (54.99% male and 20.44% female). In 2001, the literacy rate increased to 60.41% (75.70% male and 43.85% female). This was the highest leap in the percentage of literacy recorded in India (the rise in female literacy being 23%). At the Census 2011, Rajasthan had a literacy rate of 67.06% (80.51% male and 52.66% female). Although Rajasthan's literacy rate is below the national average of 74.04% and although its female literacy rate is the lowest in the country, the state has been praised for its efforts and achievements in raising male and female literacy rates.

title: Rajasthan

title: Rajasthan

text: In

text: recent

text: decades

text: the

text: literacy

text: rate

text: of

text: Rajasthan

text: has

text: increased

text: significantly

text: In

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: literacy

text: rate

text: was

text: only

text: male

text: and

text: female

text: In

text: the

text: literacy

text: rate

text: increased

text: to

text: male

text: and

text: female

text: This

text: was

text: the

text: highest

text: leap

text: in

text: the

text: percentage

text: of

text: literacy

text: recorded

text: in

text: India

text: the

text: rise

text: in

text: female

text: literacy

text: being

text: At

text: the

text: Census

text: Rajasthan

text: had

text: a

text: literacy

text: rate

text: of

text: male

text: and

text: female

text: Although

text: Rajasthan

text: 's

text: literacy

text: rate

text: is

text: below

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: of

text: and

text: although

text: its

text: female

text: literacy

text: rate

text: is

text: the

text: lowest

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: the

text: state

text: has

text: been

text: praised

text: for

text: its

text: efforts

text: and

text: achievements

text: in

text: raising

text: male

text: and

text: female

text: literacy

text: rates

question: What was the literacy rate of Rajasthan in 1991?

answer: 38.55%

question: How many females had the ability to read in Rajasthan in 1991?

answer: 20.44%

question: What was the rise in female literacy between 1991 and 2001 in Rajasthan?

answer: 23%

question: What is the national average for literacy in India?

answer: 74.04%

question: What was the literacy rate of Rajasthan in 2001?

answer: 60.41%


text: Other churches in the Anglican Communion around the world (e.g., the Episcopal Church in the United States, and the Anglican Church of Canada) still function under their own private systems of canon law.

title: Canon_law

title: Canon_law

text: Other

text: churches

text: in

text: the

text: Anglican

text: Communion

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Episcopal

text: Church

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: Anglican

text: Church

text: of

text: Canada

text: still

text: function

text: under

text: their

text: own

text: private

text: systems

text: of

text: canon

text: law

question: What is a term for the Church of England and churches that align with it?

answer: the Anglican Communion

text: the Anglican Communion

question: What is an example of a member of the Anglican Communion in America?

answer: the Episcopal Church

text: the Episcopal Church

question: What is an example of a member of the Anglican Communion in Canada?

answer: the Anglican Church of Canada

text: the Anglican Church of Canada

question: What do extant churches of the Anglican Communion still operate with?

answer: their own private systems of canon law

text: their own private systems of canon law