text: Early Asian immigrants experienced prejudice and discrimination in the forms of not having the ability to become naturalized citizens. They also struggled with many of the same school segregation laws that African Americans faced. Particularly, during World War II, Japanese Americans were interned in camps and lost their property, homes, and businesses. Discrimination against Asians began with the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and then continued with the Scott Act of 1888 and the Geary Act of 1892. At the beginning of the 20th century, the United States passed the Immigration Act of 1924 to prevent Asian immigration out of fear that Asians were stealing white jobs and lowering the standard for wages. In addition, whites and non-Asians do not differentiate among the different Asian groups and perpetuate the "model minority" stereotype. According to a 2010 article by Professor Qin Zhang of Fairfield University, Asians are characterized as one dimensional in having great work ethic and valuing education, but lacking in communication skills and personality. A negative outcome of this stereotype is that Asians have been portrayed as having poor leadership and interpersonal skills. This has contributing to the "glass ceiling" phenomenon in which although there are many qualified Asian Americans, they occupy a disproportionately small number of executive positions in businesses. Furthermore, the model minority stereotype has led to resentment of Asian success and several universities and colleges have limited or have been accused of limiting Asian matriculation.

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: Early

text: Asian

text: immigrants

text: experienced

text: prejudice

text: and

text: discrimination

text: in

text: the

text: forms

text: of

text: not

text: having

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: become

text: naturalized

text: citizens

text: They

text: also

text: struggled

text: with

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: school

text: segregation

text: laws

text: that

text: African

text: Americans

text: faced

text: Particularly

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Japanese

text: Americans

text: were

text: interned

text: in

text: camps

text: and

text: lost

text: their

text: property

text: homes

text: and

text: businesses

text: Discrimination

text: against

text: Asians

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Exclusion

text: Act

text: of

text: and

text: then

text: continued

text: with

text: the

text: Scott

text: Act

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: Geary

text: Act

text: of

text: At

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: passed

text: the

text: Immigration

text: Act

text: of

text: to

text: prevent

text: Asian

text: immigration

text: out

text: of

text: fear

text: that

text: Asians

text: were

text: stealing

text: white

text: jobs

text: and

text: lowering

text: the

text: standard

text: for

text: wages

text: In

text: addition

text: whites

text: and

text: non

text: Asians

text: do

text: not

text: differentiate

text: among

text: the

text: different

text: Asian

text: groups

text: and

text: perpetuate

text: the

text: model

text: minority

text: stereotype

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: article

text: by

text: Professor

text: Qin

text: Zhang

text: of

text: Fairfield

text: University

text: Asians

text: are

text: characterized

text: as

text: one

text: dimensional

text: in

text: having

text: great

text: work

text: ethic

text: and

text: valuing

text: education

text: but

text: lacking

text: in

text: communication

text: skills

text: and

text: personality

text: A

text: negative

text: outcome

text: of

text: this

text: stereotype

text: is

text: that

text: Asians

text: have

text: been

text: portrayed

text: as

text: having

text: poor

text: leadership

text: and

text: interpersonal

text: skills

text: This

text: has

text: contributing

text: to

text: the

text: glass

text: ceiling

text: phenomenon

text: in

text: which

text: although

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: qualified

text: Asian

text: Americans

text: they

text: occupy

text: a

text: disproportionately

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: executive

text: positions

text: in

text: businesses

text: Furthermore

text: the

text: model

text: minority

text: stereotype

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: resentment

text: of

text: Asian

text: success

text: and

text: several

text: universities

text: and

text: colleges

text: have

text: limited

text: or

text: have

text: been

text: accused

text: of

text: limiting

text: Asian

text: matriculation

question: What form of discrimination did early Asian immigrants experience?

answer: not having the ability to become naturalized citizens

text: not having the ability to become naturalized citizens

question: What law type did Asian immigrants struggle with?

answer: school segregation

text: school segregation

question: Which piece of legislature marked the start of discrimination against Asians?

answer: Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

text: Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

question: Which bill was passed in an attempt to limit or prevent Asian immigration?

answer: Immigration Act of 1924

text: Immigration Act of 1924

question: According to studies, what are Asians perceived to be lacking?

answer: communication skills and personality

text: communication skills and personality


text: The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple, near Lake Daumesnil in the Bois de Vincennes, is the former Cameroon pavilion from the 1931 Paris Colonial Exposition. It hosts several different schools of Buddhism, and does not have a single leader. It shelters the biggest Buddha statue in Europe, more than nine metres high. There are two other small temples located in the Asian community in the 13th arrondissement. A Hindu temple, dedicated to Ganesh, on Rue Pajol in the 18th arrondissement, opened in 1985.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: The

text: Pagode

text: de

text: Vincennes

text: Buddhist

text: temple

text: near

text: Lake

text: Daumesnil

text: in

text: the

text: Bois

text: de

text: Vincennes

text: is

text: the

text: former

text: Cameroon

text: pavilion

text: from

text: the

text: Paris

text: Colonial

text: Exposition

text: It

text: hosts

text: several

text: different

text: schools

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: and

text: does

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: single

text: leader

text: It

text: shelters

text: the

text: biggest

text: Buddha

text: statue

text: in

text: Europe

text: more

text: than

text: nine

text: metres

text: high

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: other

text: small

text: temples

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Asian

text: community

text: in

text: the

text: arrondissement

text: A

text: Hindu

text: temple

text: dedicated

text: to

text: Ganesh

text: on

text: Rue

text: Pajol

text: in

text: the

text: arrondissement

text: opened

text: in

question: What is the former Cameroon pavilion?

answer: The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple

text: The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple

question: Where is the biggest Buddha statue in Europe?

answer: The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple

text: The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple

question: When did the Hindu temple on Rue Pajol open?

answer: 1985

question: How tall is the biggest Buddha statue in Europe?

answer: more than nine metres high

text: more than nine metres high


text: A Macau resident was arrested on April 26 for posting a message on cyberctm.com encouraging people to disrupt the relay. Both orchidbbs.com and cyberctm.com Internet forums were shut down from May 2 to 4. This fueled speculation that the shutdowns were targeting speeches against the relay. The head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation has denied that the shutdowns of the websites were politically motivated. About 2,200 police were deployed on the streets, there were no interruptions.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: A

text: Macau

text: resident

text: was

text: arrested

text: on

text: April

text: for

text: posting

text: a

text: message

text: on

text: cyberctm.com

text: encouraging

text: people

text: to

text: disrupt

text: the

text: relay

text: Both

text: orchidbbs.com

text: and

text: cyberctm.com

text: Internet

text: forums

text: were

text: shut

text: down

text: from

text: May

text: to

text: This

text: fueled

text: speculation

text: that

text: the

text: shutdowns

text: were

text: targeting

text: speeches

text: against

text: the

text: relay

text: The

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Bureau

text: of

text: Telecommunications

text: Regulation

text: has

text: denied

text: that

text: the

text: shutdowns

text: of

text: the

text: websites

text: were

text: politically

text: motivated

text: About

text: police

text: were

text: deployed

text: on

text: the

text: streets

text: there

text: were

text: no

text: interruptions

question: A Macau citizen was arrested for posting a plea to disrupt the relay on what website?

answer: cyberctm.com

text: cyberctm.com

question: In addition to cyberctm.com, what other website was shut down for two days?

answer: orchidbbs.com

text: orchidbbs.com

question: Who was arrested on April 26 for posting an online message?

answer: A Macau resident

text: A Macau resident

question: Where was the message posted?

answer: cyberctm.com

text: cyberctm.com

question: Who denied the shutdown was motivated by politics?

answer: The head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation

text: The head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation


text: Some of the cleaner energy facilities in Boston include the Allston green district, with three ecologically compatible housing facilities. Boston is also breaking ground on multiple green affordable housing facilities to help reduce the carbon footprint of the city while simultaneously making these initiatives financially available to a greater population. Boston's climate plan is updated every three years and was most recently modified in 2013. This legislature includes the Building Energy Reporting and Disclosure Ordinance, which requires the city's larger buildings to disclose their yearly energy and water use statistics and partake in an energy assessment every five years. These statistics are made public by the city, thereby increasing incentives for buildings to be more environmentally conscious.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: cleaner

text: energy

text: facilities

text: in

text: Boston

text: include

text: the

text: Allston

text: green

text: district

text: with

text: three

text: ecologically

text: compatible

text: housing

text: facilities

text: Boston

text: is

text: also

text: breaking

text: ground

text: on

text: multiple

text: green

text: affordable

text: housing

text: facilities

text: to

text: help

text: reduce

text: the

text: carbon

text: footprint

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: while

text: simultaneously

text: making

text: these

text: initiatives

text: financially

text: available

text: to

text: a

text: greater

text: population

text: Boston

text: 's

text: climate

text: plan

text: is

text: updated

text: every

text: three

text: years

text: and

text: was

text: most

text: recently

text: modified

text: in

text: This

text: legislature

text: includes

text: the

text: Building

text: Energy

text: Reporting

text: and

text: Disclosure

text: Ordinance

text: which

text: requires

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: larger

text: buildings

text: to

text: disclose

text: their

text: yearly

text: energy

text: and

text: water

text: use

text: statistics

text: and

text: partake

text: in

text: an

text: energy

text: assessment

text: every

text: five

text: years

text: These

text: statistics

text: are

text: made

text: public

text: by

text: the

text: city

text: thereby

text: increasing

text: incentives

text: for

text: buildings

text: to

text: be

text: more

text: environmentally

text: conscious

question: Allston Green District is an example of what?

answer: cleaner energy facilities

text: cleaner energy facilities

question: How many green housing facilities does the Allston green District contain?

answer: three

text: three

question: How often is Boston's climate plan updated?

answer: every three years

text: every three years

question: When was the last time the climate plan was modified?

answer: in 2013

text: in 2013


text: Text is frequently incorporated into comics via speech balloons, captions, and sound effects. Speech balloons indicate dialogue (or thought, in the case of thought balloons), with tails pointing at their respective speakers. Captions can give voice to a narrator, convey characters' dialogue or thoughts, or indicate place or time. Speech balloons themselves are strongly associated with comics, such that the addition of one to an image is sufficient to turn the image into comics. Sound effects mimic non-vocal sounds textually using onomatopoeia sound-words.

title: Comics

title: Comics

text: Text

text: is

text: frequently

text: incorporated

text: into

text: comics

text: via

text: speech

text: balloons

text: captions

text: and

text: sound

text: effects

text: Speech

text: balloons

text: indicate

text: dialogue

text: or

text: thought

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: thought

text: balloons

text: with

text: tails

text: pointing

text: at

text: their

text: respective

text: speakers

text: Captions

text: can

text: give

text: voice

text: to

text: a

text: narrator

text: convey

text: characters

text: dialogue

text: or

text: thoughts

text: or

text: indicate

text: place

text: or

text: time

text: Speech

text: balloons

text: themselves

text: are

text: strongly

text: associated

text: with

text: comics

text: such

text: that

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: one

text: to

text: an

text: image

text: is

text: sufficient

text: to

text: turn

text: the

text: image

text: into

text: comics

text: Sound

text: effects

text: mimic

text: non

text: vocal

text: sounds

text: textually

text: using

text: onomatopoeia

text: sound

text: words

question: What association with comics is strong?

answer: Speech balloons

text: Speech balloons

question: The presence of a single speech balloon in an image turns it into what?

answer: comics

text: comics

question: What type of words are used to do sound effects in comics?

answer: onomatopoeia

text: onomatopoeia


text: New Haven's economy originally was based in manufacturing, but the postwar period brought rapid industrial decline; the entire Northeast was affected, and medium-sized cities with large working-class populations, like New Haven, were hit particularly hard. Simultaneously, the growth and expansion of Yale University further affected the economic shift. Today, over half (56%) of the city's economy is now made up of services, in particular education and health care; Yale is the city's largest employer, followed by Yale – New Haven Hospital. Other large employers include St. Raphael Hospital, Smilow Cancer Hospital, Southern Connecticut State University, Assa Abloy Manufacturing, the Knights of Columbus headquarters, Higher One, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Covidien and United Illuminating. Yale and Yale-New Haven are also among the largest employers in the state, and provide more $100,000+-salaried positions than any other employer in Connecticut.[citation needed]

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: New

text: Haven

text: 's

text: economy

text: originally

text: was

text: based

text: in

text: manufacturing

text: but

text: the

text: postwar

text: period

text: brought

text: rapid

text: industrial

text: decline

text: the

text: entire

text: Northeast

text: was

text: affected

text: and

text: medium

text: sized

text: cities

text: with

text: large

text: working

text: class

text: populations

text: like

text: New

text: Haven

text: were

text: hit

text: particularly

text: hard

text: Simultaneously

text: the

text: growth

text: and

text: expansion

text: of

text: Yale

text: University

text: further

text: affected

text: the

text: economic

text: shift

text: Today

text: over

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: economy

text: is

text: now

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: services

text: in

text: particular

text: education

text: and

text: health

text: care

text: Yale

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: largest

text: employer

text: followed

text: by

text: Yale

text: New

text: Haven

text: Hospital

text: Other

text: large

text: employers

text: include

text: St.

text: Raphael

text: Hospital

text: Smilow

text: Cancer

text: Hospital

text: Southern

text: Connecticut

text: State

text: University

text: Assa

text: Abloy

text: Manufacturing

text: the

text: Knights

text: of

text: Columbus

text: headquarters

text: Higher

text: One

text: Alexion

text: Pharmaceuticals

text: Covidien

text: and

text: United

text: Illuminating

text: Yale

text: and

text: Yale

text: New

text: Haven

text: are

text: also

text: among

text: the

text: largest

text: employers

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: provide

text: more

text: -salaried

text: positions

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: employer

text: in

text: Connecticut.[citation

text: needed

question: What sector originally provided the largest contribution to New Haven's economy?

answer: manufacturing

text: manufacturing

question: What entity serves as the largest employer in New Haven?

answer: Yale

text: Yale

question: What percentage of New Haven's economy is based in services grounded in health care and education?

answer: 56%

question: What is the second largest employer in New Haven?

answer: Yale – New Haven Hospital

text: Yale – New Haven Hospital

question: What pharmaceutical company serves as a large employment provider for New Haven?

answer: Alexion

text: Alexion

question: New Haven relied on what in terms of growth and economy?

answer: manufacturing

text: manufacturing

question: Was the city the only one that suffer a decline within the manufacturing sector?

answer: entire Northeast was affected

text: entire Northeast was affected

question: In modern day how much does New Haven depend on blue collar jobs?

answer: over half (56%)

text: over half (56%)

question: What institution has largest impact on the city's job market?

answer: Yale

text: Yale


text: The convention followed by many British publishers (including scientific publishers, like Nature, magazines, like The Economist and New Scientist, and newspapers, like The Guardian and The Times) and U.S. newspapers is to use sentence-style capitalisation in headlines, where capitalisation follows the same rules that apply for sentences. This convention is usually called sentence case. It may also be applied to publication titles, especially in bibliographic references and library catalogues. Examples of global publishers whose English-language house styles prescribe sentence-case titles and headings include the International Organization for Standardization.

title: Letter_case

title: Letter_case

text: The

text: convention

text: followed

text: by

text: many

text: British

text: publishers

text: including

text: scientific

text: publishers

text: like

text: Nature

text: magazines

text: like

text: The

text: Economist

text: and

text: New

text: Scientist

text: and

text: newspapers

text: like

text: The

text: Guardian

text: and

text: The

text: Times

text: and

text: U.S.

text: newspapers

text: is

text: to

text: use

text: sentence

text: style

text: capitalisation

text: in

text: headlines

text: where

text: capitalisation

text: follows

text: the

text: same

text: rules

text: that

text: apply

text: for

text: sentences

text: This

text: convention

text: is

text: usually

text: called

text: sentence

text: case

text: It

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: applied

text: to

text: publication

text: titles

text: especially

text: in

text: bibliographic

text: references

text: and

text: library

text: catalogues

text: Examples

text: of

text: global

text: publishers

text: whose

text: English

text: language

text: house

text: styles

text: prescribe

text: sentence

text: case

text: titles

text: and

text: headings

text: include

text: the

text: International

text: Organization

text: for

text: Standardization

question: What is the basis of capitalization standards for the sentence-style capitalization?

answer: sentences

text: sentences

question: What is the popular capitalization structure and standard used by many British publishers and U.S. newspapers?

answer: sentence-style

text: sentence-style

question: What is an alternative name for sentence-style capitalization?

answer: sentence case

text: sentence case

question: Which popular global publisher utilizes sentence case for titles and headers?

answer: International Organization for Standardization

text: International Organization for Standardization

question: Besides headlines, what is sentence-style capitalization often applied to?

answer: publication titles

text: publication titles


text: On 31 October 1517, Martin Luther supposedly nailed his 95 theses against the selling of indulgences at the door of the All Saints', the Castle Church in Wittenberg. The theses debated and criticised the Church and the papacy, but concentrated upon the selling of indulgences and doctrinal policies about purgatory, particular judgment, and the authority of the pope. He would later write works on the Catholic devotion to Virgin Mary, the intercession of and devotion to the saints, the sacraments, mandatory clerical celibacy, monasticism, further on the authority of the pope, the ecclesiastical law, censure and excommunication, the role of secular rulers in religious matters, the relationship between Christianity and the law, good works, and the sacraments.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: On

text: October

text: Martin

text: Luther

text: supposedly

text: nailed

text: his

text: theses

text: against

text: the

text: selling

text: of

text: indulgences

text: at

text: the

text: door

text: of

text: the

text: All

text: Saints

text: the

text: Castle

text: Church

text: in

text: Wittenberg

text: The

text: theses

text: debated

text: and

text: criticised

text: the

text: Church

text: and

text: the

text: papacy

text: but

text: concentrated

text: upon

text: the

text: selling

text: of

text: indulgences

text: and

text: doctrinal

text: policies

text: about

text: purgatory

text: particular

text: judgment

text: and

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: pope

text: He

text: would

text: later

text: write

text: works

text: on

text: the

text: Catholic

text: devotion

text: to

text: Virgin

text: Mary

text: the

text: intercession

text: of

text: and

text: devotion

text: to

text: the

text: saints

text: the

text: sacraments

text: mandatory

text: clerical

text: celibacy

text: monasticism

text: further

text: on

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: pope

text: the

text: ecclesiastical

text: law

text: censure

text: and

text: excommunication

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: secular

text: rulers

text: in

text: religious

text: matters

text: the

text: relationship

text: between

text: Christianity

text: and

text: the

text: law

text: good

text: works

text: and

text: the

text: sacraments

question: When did Martin Luther attach his 95 theses on the door of the church?

answer: 31 October 1517

text: 31 October 1517

question: What did the theses argue against selling?

answer: indulgences

text: indulgences

question: What Catholic devotion would Martin Luther write about after the 95 theses/

answer: Virgin Mary

text: Virgin Mary

question: Where was All Saints' Church?

answer: Wittenberg

text: Wittenberg

question: Who did Martin Luther criticize in the 95 theses?

answer: the Church and the papacy

text: the Church and the papacy


text: In agriculture and animal husbandry, the Green Revolution popularized the use of conventional hybridization to increase yield. Often hybridized breeds originated in developed countries and were further hybridized with local varieties in the developing world to create high yield strains resistant to local climate and diseases. Local governments and industry have been pushing hybridization. Formerly huge gene pools of various wild and indigenous breeds have collapsed causing widespread genetic erosion and genetic pollution. This has resulted in loss of genetic diversity and biodiversity as a whole.

title: Biodiversity

title: Biodiversity

text: In

text: agriculture

text: and

text: animal

text: husbandry

text: the

text: Green

text: Revolution

text: popularized

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: conventional

text: hybridization

text: to

text: increase

text: yield

text: Often

text: hybridized

text: breeds

text: originated

text: in

text: developed

text: countries

text: and

text: were

text: further

text: hybridized

text: with

text: local

text: varieties

text: in

text: the

text: developing

text: world

text: to

text: create

text: high

text: yield

text: strains

text: resistant

text: to

text: local

text: climate

text: and

text: diseases

text: Local

text: governments

text: and

text: industry

text: have

text: been

text: pushing

text: hybridization

text: Formerly

text: huge

text: gene

text: pools

text: of

text: various

text: wild

text: and

text: indigenous

text: breeds

text: have

text: collapsed

text: causing

text: widespread

text: genetic

text: erosion

text: and

text: genetic

text: pollution

text: This

text: has

text: resulted

text: in

text: loss

text: of

text: genetic

text: diversity

text: and

text: biodiversity

text: as

text: a

text: whole

question: What popularized the use of conventional hybridization to increase yield?

answer: the Green Revolution

text: the Green Revolution

question: What did the high yield strains become resistant to?

answer: local climate and diseases

text: local climate and diseases

question: Who has been pushing for hybridization?

answer: Local governments and industry

text: Local governments and industry

question: What caused the loss of biodiversity?

answer: Formerly huge gene pools of various wild and indigenous breeds have collapsed causing widespread genetic erosion

text: Formerly huge gene pools of various wild and indigenous breeds have collapsed causing widespread genetic erosion


text: At the Battle of Pulo Aura, which was probably the company's most notable naval victory, Nathaniel Dance, Commodore of a convoy of Indiamen and sailing aboard the Warley, led several Indiamen in a skirmish with a French squadron, driving them off. Some six years earlier, on 28 January 1797, five Indiamen, the Woodford, under Captain Charles Lennox, the Taunton-Castle, Captain Edward Studd, Canton, Captain Abel Vyvyan, and Boddam, Captain George Palmer, and Ocean, Captain John Christian Lochner, had encountered Admiral de Sercey and his squadron of frigates. On this occasion the Indiamen also succeeded in bluffing their way to safety, and without any shots even being fired. Lastly, on 15 June 1795, the General Goddard played a large role in the capture of seven Dutch East Indiamen off St Helena.

title: East_India_Company

title: East_India_Company

text: At

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Pulo

text: Aura

text: which

text: was

text: probably

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: most

text: notable

text: naval

text: victory

text: Nathaniel

text: Dance

text: Commodore

text: of

text: a

text: convoy

text: of

text: Indiamen

text: and

text: sailing

text: aboard

text: the

text: Warley

text: led

text: several

text: Indiamen

text: in

text: a

text: skirmish

text: with

text: a

text: French

text: squadron

text: driving

text: them

text: off

text: Some

text: six

text: years

text: earlier

text: on

text: January

text: five

text: Indiamen

text: the

text: Woodford

text: under

text: Captain

text: Charles

text: Lennox

text: the

text: Taunton

text: Castle

text: Captain

text: Edward

text: Studd

text: Canton

text: Captain

text: Abel

text: Vyvyan

text: and

text: Boddam

text: Captain

text: George

text: Palmer

text: and

text: Ocean

text: Captain

text: John

text: Christian

text: Lochner

text: had

text: encountered

text: Admiral

text: de

text: Sercey

text: and

text: his

text: squadron

text: of

text: frigates

text: On

text: this

text: occasion

text: the

text: Indiamen

text: also

text: succeeded

text: in

text: bluffing

text: their

text: way

text: to

text: safety

text: and

text: without

text: any

text: shots

text: even

text: being

text: fired

text: Lastly

text: on

text: June

text: the

text: General

text: Goddard

text: played

text: a

text: large

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: capture

text: of

text: seven

text: Dutch

text: East

text: Indiamen

text: off

text: St

text: Helena

question: What was the most notable naval victory EIC  had?

answer: Battle of Pulo Aura

text: Battle of Pulo Aura

question: what general played the biggest role in the capture of the seven Dutch East Indiamen?

answer: General Goddard

text: General Goddard

question: Where were the 7 Dutch Easteast indiamen capture?

answer: off St Helena

text: off St Helena

question: In 1797 how did the  Woodford  get to safety without firing one bullet?

answer: bluffing

text: bluffing

question: in 1797 who was the captian of the Woodford that is first listed of the 5 captians?

answer: Captain Charles Lennox

text: Captain Charles Lennox


text: Consistent with Calvin's political ideas, Protestants created both the English and the American democracies. In seventeenth-century England, the most important persons and events in this process were the English Civil War, Oliver Cromwell, John Milton, John Locke, the Glorious Revolution, the English Bill of Rights, and the Act of Settlement. Later, the British took their democratic ideals to their colonies, e.g. Australia, New Zealand, and India. In North America, Plymouth Colony (Pilgrim Fathers; 1620) and Massachusetts Bay Colony (1628) practised democratic self-rule and separation of powers. These Congregationalists were convinced that the democratic form of government was the will of God. The Mayflower Compact was a social contract.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: Consistent

text: with

text: Calvin

text: 's

text: political

text: ideas

text: Protestants

text: created

text: both

text: the

text: English

text: and

text: the

text: American

text: democracies

text: In

text: seventeenth

text: century

text: England

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: persons

text: and

text: events

text: in

text: this

text: process

text: were

text: the

text: English

text: Civil

text: War

text: Oliver

text: Cromwell

text: John

text: Milton

text: John

text: Locke

text: the

text: Glorious

text: Revolution

text: the

text: English

text: Bill

text: of

text: Rights

text: and

text: the

text: Act

text: of

text: Settlement

text: Later

text: the

text: British

text: took

text: their

text: democratic

text: ideals

text: to

text: their

text: colonies

text: e.g.

text: Australia

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: India

text: In

text: North

text: America

text: Plymouth

text: Colony

text: Pilgrim

text: Fathers

text: and

text: Massachusetts

text: Bay

text: Colony

text: practised

text: democratic

text: self

text: rule

text: and

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: These

text: Congregationalists

text: were

text: convinced

text: that

text: the

text: democratic

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: was

text: the

text: will

text: of

text: God

text: The

text: Mayflower

text: Compact

text: was

text: a

text: social

text: contract

question: Whose democracies were created by Protestants?

answer: the English and the American democracies

text: the English and the American democracies

question: What democratic principles were followed by the Plymouth Colony?

answer: self-rule and separation of powers

text: self-rule and separation of powers

question: Other than the U.S., to what colonies did the British export their democratic beliefs?

answer: Australia, New Zealand, and India

text: Australia, New Zealand, and India

question: What group believed that democracy was the will of God?

answer: Congregationalists

text: Congregationalists

question: What other group in America practiced self-rule and separation of powers?

answer: Massachusetts Bay Colony

text: Massachusetts Bay Colony


text: Bush and Kerry met for the third and final debate at Arizona State University on October 13. 51 million viewers watched the debate which was moderated by Bob Schieffer of CBS News. However, at the time of the ASU debate, there were 15.2 million viewers tuned in to watch the Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simultaneously. After Kerry, responding to a question about gay rights, reminded the audience that Vice President Cheney's daughter was a lesbian, Cheney responded with a statement calling himself "a pretty angry father" due to Kerry using Cheney's daughter's sexual orientation for his political purposes.

title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004

text: Bush

text: and

text: Kerry

text: met

text: for

text: the

text: third

text: and

text: final

text: debate

text: at

text: Arizona

text: State

text: University

text: on

text: October

text: million

text: viewers

text: watched

text: the

text: debate

text: which

text: was

text: moderated

text: by

text: Bob

text: Schieffer

text: of

text: CBS

text: News

text: However

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: ASU

text: debate

text: there

text: were

text: million

text: viewers

text: tuned

text: in

text: to

text: watch

text: the

text: Major

text: League

text: Baseball

text: playoffs

text: broadcast

text: simultaneously

text: After

text: Kerry

text: responding

text: to

text: a

text: question

text: about

text: gay

text: rights

text: reminded

text: the

text: audience

text: that

text: Vice

text: President

text: Cheney

text: 's

text: daughter

text: was

text: a

text: lesbian

text: Cheney

text: responded

text: with

text: a

text: statement

text: calling

text: himself

text: a

text: pretty

text: angry

text: father

text: due

text: to

text: Kerry

text: using

text: Cheney

text: 's

text: daughter

text: 's

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: for

text: his

text: political

text: purposes

question: How many debates were there in total, between Kerry and Bush?

answer: third

text: third

question: Where was the final debate, between Kerry and Bush held?

answer: Arizona State University

text: Arizona State University

question: What was the next biggest competitor for television viewers, next to the debate?

answer: Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simultaneously

text: Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simultaneously

question: Who did Kerry publicize as a lesbian while discussing gay rights, some time after the debate?

answer: Vice President Cheney's daughter

text: Vice President Cheney's daughter

question: What did Cheney refer to him as, after hearing Kerry's comments about his daughter?

answer: "a pretty angry father"

text: "a pretty angry father"


text: Quantum dots (QD) are semiconductor nanocrystals that possess unique optical properties. Their emission color can be tuned from the visible throughout the infrared spectrum. This allows quantum dot LEDs to create almost any color on the CIE diagram. This provides more color options and better color rendering than white LEDs since the emission spectrum is much narrower, characteristic of quantum confined states. There are two types of schemes for QD excitation. One uses photo excitation with a primary light source LED (typically blue or UV LEDs are used). The other is direct electrical excitation first demonstrated by Alivisatos et al.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: Quantum

text: dots

text: QD

text: are

text: semiconductor

text: nanocrystals

text: that

text: possess

text: unique

text: optical

text: properties

text: Their

text: emission

text: color

text: can

text: be

text: tuned

text: from

text: the

text: visible

text: throughout

text: the

text: infrared

text: spectrum

text: This

text: allows

text: quantum

text: dot

text: LEDs

text: to

text: create

text: almost

text: any

text: color

text: on

text: the

text: CIE

text: diagram

text: This

text: provides

text: more

text: color

text: options

text: and

text: better

text: color

text: rendering

text: than

text: white

text: LEDs

text: since

text: the

text: emission

text: spectrum

text: is

text: much

text: narrower

text: characteristic

text: of

text: quantum

text: confined

text: states

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: types

text: of

text: schemes

text: for

text: QD

text: excitation

text: One

text: uses

text: photo

text: excitation

text: with

text: a

text: primary

text: light

text: source

text: LED

text: typically

text: blue

text: or

text: UV

text: LEDs

text: are

text: used

text: The

text: other

text: is

text: direct

text: electrical

text: excitation

text: first

text: demonstrated

text: by

text: Alivisatos

text: et

text: al

question: What nanocrystals possess unique optical properties?

answer: Quantum dots

text: Quantum dots

question: Quantum Dot LEDs can do what special skill?

answer: create almost any color on the CIE diagram

text: create almost any color on the CIE diagram

question: The narrowing of the emission spectrum in Quantum Dot LEDs allows them to do what?

answer: better color rendering

text: better color rendering

question: How many types of schemes are there in Quantum Dot LED excitation?

answer: two

text: two


text: The decline of the city reached its nadir with the War of Spanish Succession (1702–1709) that marked the end of the political and legal independence of the Kingdom of Valencia. During the War of the Spanish Succession, Valencia sided with Charles of Austria. On 24 January 1706, Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough, 1st Earl of Monmouth, led a handful of English cavalrymen into the city after riding south from Barcelona, capturing the nearby fortress at Sagunt, and bluffing the Spanish Bourbon army into withdrawal.

title: Valencia

title: Valencia

text: The

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: reached

text: its

text: nadir

text: with

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: Spanish

text: Succession

text: that

text: marked

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: and

text: legal

text: independence

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Valencia

text: During

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Succession

text: Valencia

text: sided

text: with

text: Charles

text: of

text: Austria

text: On

text: January

text: Charles

text: Mordaunt

text: Earl

text: of

text: Peterborough

text: Earl

text: of

text: Monmouth

text: led

text: a

text: handful

text: of

text: English

text: cavalrymen

text: into

text: the

text: city

text: after

text: riding

text: south

text: from

text: Barcelona

text: capturing

text: the

text: nearby

text: fortress

text: at

text: Sagunt

text: and

text: bluffing

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Bourbon

text: army

text: into

text: withdrawal

question: What war took place from 1702-1709?

answer: War of Spanish Succession

text: War of Spanish Succession

question: With whom did Valencia side in the War of Spanish Succession?

answer: Charles of Austria

text: Charles of Austria

question: When did English cavalry enter Valencia?

answer: 24 January 1706

text: 24 January 1706

question: Who led the English cavalry into Valencia?

answer: Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough, 1st Earl of Monmouth

text: Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough, 1st Earl of Monmouth

question: What did Mordaunt capture on his way from Barcelona?

answer: fortress at Sagunt

text: fortress at Sagunt


text: The language possesses five vowels (or six, under the St. Petersburg Phonological School), which are written with different letters depending on whether or not the preceding consonant is palatalized. The consonants typically come in plain vs. palatalized pairs, which are traditionally called hard and soft. (The hard consonants are often velarized, especially before front vowels, as in Irish). The standard language, based on the Moscow dialect, possesses heavy stress and moderate variation in pitch. Stressed vowels are somewhat lengthened, while unstressed vowels tend to be reduced to near-close vowels or an unclear schwa. (See also: vowel reduction in Russian.)

title: Russian_language

title: Russian_language

text: The

text: language

text: possesses

text: five

text: vowels

text: or

text: six

text: under

text: the

text: St.

text: Petersburg

text: Phonological

text: School

text: which

text: are

text: written

text: with

text: different

text: letters

text: depending

text: on

text: whether

text: or

text: not

text: the

text: preceding

text: consonant

text: is

text: palatalized

text: The

text: consonants

text: typically

text: come

text: in

text: plain

text: vs.

text: palatalized

text: pairs

text: which

text: are

text: traditionally

text: called

text: hard

text: and

text: soft

text: The

text: hard

text: consonants

text: are

text: often

text: velarized

text: especially

text: before

text: front

text: vowels

text: as

text: in

text: Irish

text: The

text: standard

text: language

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Moscow

text: dialect

text: possesses

text: heavy

text: stress

text: and

text: moderate

text: variation

text: in

text: pitch

text: Stressed

text: vowels

text: are

text: somewhat

text: lengthened

text: while

text: unstressed

text: vowels

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: reduced

text: to

text: near

text: close

text: vowels

text: or

text: an

text: unclear

text: schwa

text: See

text: also

text: vowel

text: reduction

text: in

text: Russian

question: Who says Russian has 6 vowels?

answer: St. Petersburg Phonological School

text: St. Petersburg Phonological School

question: When are Russian vowels written differently?

answer: depending on whether or not the preceding consonant is palatalized

text: depending on whether or not the preceding consonant is palatalized

question: What dialect is standard Russian based on?

answer: Moscow dialect

text: Moscow dialect

question: What language does Russian treat hard consonants similar to?

answer: Irish

text: Irish

question: What is done to unstressed vowels?

answer: reduced to near-close vowels or an unclear schwa

text: reduced to near-close vowels or an unclear schwa


text: The abacus was initially used for arithmetic tasks. The Roman abacus was used in Babylonia as early as 2400 BC. Since then, many other forms of reckoning boards or tables have been invented. In a medieval European counting house, a checkered cloth would be placed on a table, and markers moved around on it according to certain rules, as an aid to calculating sums of money.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: abacus

text: was

text: initially

text: used

text: for

text: arithmetic

text: tasks

text: The

text: Roman

text: abacus

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: Babylonia

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: BC

text: Since

text: then

text: many

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: reckoning

text: boards

text: or

text: tables

text: have

text: been

text: invented

text: In

text: a

text: medieval

text: European

text: counting

text: house

text: a

text: checkered

text: cloth

text: would

text: be

text: placed

text: on

text: a

text: table

text: and

text: markers

text: moved

text: around

text: on

text: it

text: according

text: to

text: certain

text: rules

text: as

text: an

text: aid

text: to

text: calculating

text: sums

text: of

text: money

question: What was the abacus first used for?

answer: arithmetic tasks

text: arithmetic tasks

question: When was the Roman abacus first used?

answer: 2400 BC

text: 2400 BC

question: Where was the Roman abacus first used?

answer: Babylonia

text: Babylonia

question: In medieval Europe was was placed on a table to help count money?

answer: a checkered cloth

text: a checkered cloth

question: A checkered cloth on a table was used in medieval Europe to help count what?

answer: sums of money

text: sums of money


text: Other major bluegrass mandolinists who emerged in the early 1950s and are still active include Jesse McReynolds (of Jim and Jesse) who invented a syncopated banjo-roll-like style called crosspicking—and Bobby Osborne of the Osborne Brothers, who is a master of clarity and sparkling single-note runs. Highly respected and influential modern bluegrass players include Herschel Sizemore, Doyle Lawson, and the multi-genre Sam Bush, who is equally at home with old-time fiddle tunes, rock, reggae, and jazz. Ronnie McCoury of the Del McCoury Band has won numerous awards for his Monroe-influenced playing. The late John Duffey of the original Country Gentlemen and later the Seldom Scene did much to popularize the bluegrass mandolin among folk and urban audiences, especially on the east coast and in the Washington, D.C. area.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: Other

text: major

text: bluegrass

text: mandolinists

text: who

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: and

text: are

text: still

text: active

text: include

text: Jesse

text: McReynolds

text: of

text: Jim

text: and

text: Jesse

text: who

text: invented

text: a

text: syncopated

text: banjo

text: roll

text: like

text: style

text: called

text: crosspicking

text: and

text: Bobby

text: Osborne

text: of

text: the

text: Osborne

text: Brothers

text: who

text: is

text: a

text: master

text: of

text: clarity

text: and

text: sparkling

text: single

text: note

text: runs

text: Highly

text: respected

text: and

text: influential

text: modern

text: bluegrass

text: players

text: include

text: Herschel

text: Sizemore

text: Doyle

text: Lawson

text: and

text: the

text: multi

text: genre

text: Sam

text: Bush

text: who

text: is

text: equally

text: at

text: home

text: with

text: old

text: time

text: fiddle

text: tunes

text: rock

text: reggae

text: and

text: jazz

text: Ronnie

text: McCoury

text: of

text: the

text: Del

text: McCoury

text: Band

text: has

text: won

text: numerous

text: awards

text: for

text: his

text: Monroe

text: influenced

text: playing

text: The

text: late

text: John

text: Duffey

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: Country

text: Gentlemen

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: Seldom

text: Scene

text: did

text: much

text: to

text: popularize

text: the

text: bluegrass

text: mandolin

text: among

text: folk

text: and

text: urban

text: audiences

text: especially

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: coast

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: area

question: Who was the major bluegrass mandolinist that became popular in 1950's?

answer: Jesse McReynolds

text: Jesse McReynolds

question: What grop was Jesse McReynolds a part of?

answer: Jim and Jesse

text: Jim and Jesse

question: What technique did Jesse McReynolds create?

answer: crosspicking

text: crosspicking

question: What is crosspicking?

answer: syncopated banjo-roll-like style

text: syncopated banjo-roll-like style

question: Who won several award for his Monroe influenced music?

answer: Ronnie McCoury

text: Ronnie McCoury


text: All versions incorporate a top-loading slot for game cartridges, although the shape of the slot differs between regions to match the different shapes of the cartridges. The MULTI OUT connector (later used on the Nintendo 64 and GameCube) can output composite video, S-Video and RGB signals, as well as RF with an external RF modulator. Original versions additionally include a 28-pin expansion port under a small cover on the bottom of the unit and a standard RF output with channel selection switch on the back; the redesigned models output composite video only, requiring an external modulator for RF.

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: All

text: versions

text: incorporate

text: a

text: top

text: loading

text: slot

text: for

text: game

text: cartridges

text: although

text: the

text: shape

text: of

text: the

text: slot

text: differs

text: between

text: regions

text: to

text: match

text: the

text: different

text: shapes

text: of

text: the

text: cartridges

text: The

text: MULTI

text: OUT

text: connector

text: later

text: used

text: on

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: and

text: GameCube

text: can

text: output

text: composite

text: video

text: S

text: Video

text: and

text: RGB

text: signals

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: RF

text: with

text: an

text: external

text: RF

text: modulator

text: Original

text: versions

text: additionally

text: include

text: a

text: expansion

text: port

text: under

text: a

text: small

text: cover

text: on

text: the

text: bottom

text: of

text: the

text: unit

text: and

text: a

text: standard

text: RF

text: output

text: with

text: channel

text: selection

text: switch

text: on

text: the

text: back

text: the

text: redesigned

text: models

text: output

text: composite

text: video

text: only

text: requiring

text: an

text: external

text: modulator

text: for

text: RF

question: How is the SNES's slot positioned?

answer: top-loading

text: top-loading

question: What connection types did MULTI OUT support?

answer: composite video, S-Video and RGB signals, as well as RF with an external RF modulator

text: composite video, S-Video and RGB signals, as well as RF with an external RF modulator

question: How many pins did the SNES expansion port have?

answer: 28

question: What output type was the only one directly supported on the SNS-101?

answer: composite

text: composite

question: What other Nintendo systems used MULTI OUT?

answer: Nintendo 64 and GameCube

text: Nintendo 64 and GameCube


text: When they lost power, the old Whig leadership dissolved into a decade of factional chaos with distinct "Grenvillite", "Bedfordite", "Rockinghamite", and "Chathamite" factions successively in power, and all referring to themselves as "Whigs". Out of this chaos, the first distinctive parties emerged. The first such party was the Rockingham Whigs under the leadership of Charles Watson-Wentworth and the intellectual guidance of the political philosopher Edmund Burke. Burke laid out a philosophy that described the basic framework of the political party as "a body of men united for promoting by their joint endeavours the national interest, upon some particular principle in which they are all agreed". As opposed to the instability of the earlier factions, which were often tied to a particular leader and could disintegrate if removed from power, the party was centred around a set of core principles and remained out of power as a united opposition to government.

title: Political_party

title: Political_party

text: When

text: they

text: lost

text: power

text: the

text: old

text: Whig

text: leadership

text: dissolved

text: into

text: a

text: decade

text: of

text: factional

text: chaos

text: with

text: distinct

text: Grenvillite

text: Bedfordite

text: Rockinghamite

text: and

text: Chathamite

text: factions

text: successively

text: in

text: power

text: and

text: all

text: referring

text: to

text: themselves

text: as

text: Whigs

text: Out

text: of

text: this

text: chaos

text: the

text: first

text: distinctive

text: parties

text: emerged

text: The

text: first

text: such

text: party

text: was

text: the

text: Rockingham

text: Whigs

text: under

text: the

text: leadership

text: of

text: Charles

text: Watson

text: Wentworth

text: and

text: the

text: intellectual

text: guidance

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: philosopher

text: Edmund

text: Burke

text: Burke

text: laid

text: out

text: a

text: philosophy

text: that

text: described

text: the

text: basic

text: framework

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: party

text: as

text: a

text: body

text: of

text: men

text: united

text: for

text: promoting

text: by

text: their

text: joint

text: endeavours

text: the

text: national

text: interest

text: upon

text: some

text: particular

text: principle

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: all

text: agreed

text: As

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: instability

text: of

text: the

text: earlier

text: factions

text: which

text: were

text: often

text: tied

text: to

text: a

text: particular

text: leader

text: and

text: could

text: disintegrate

text: if

text: removed

text: from

text: power

text: the

text: party

text: was

text: centred

text: around

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: core

text: principles

text: and

text: remained

text: out

text: of

text: power

text: as

text: a

text: united

text: opposition

text: to

text: government

question: Who was the first distinctive Whig party that emerged from the chaos?

answer: the Rockingham Whigs

text: the Rockingham Whigs

question: Who was the leader of the Rockingham Whigs?

answer: Charles Watson-Wentworth

text: Charles Watson-Wentworth

question: What was the description for the basic framework of the Rockingham Whigs party?

answer: "a body of men united for promoting by their joint endeavours the national interest, upon some particular principle in which they are all agreed"

text: "a body of men united for promoting by their joint endeavours the national interest, upon some particular principle in which they are all agreed"

question: Did the Rockingham Whigs ever regain power as a opposition to the government?

answer: remained out of power as a united opposition to government.

text: remained out of power as a united opposition to government.


text: In 1938 Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann discovered nuclear fission with radiochemical methods, and in 1939 Lise Meitner and Otto Robert Frisch wrote the first theoretical interpretation of the fission process, which was later improved by Niels Bohr and John A. Wheeler. Further developments took place during World War II, which led to the practical application of radar and the development and use of the atomic bomb. Though the process had begun with the invention of the cyclotron by Ernest O. Lawrence in the 1930s, physics in the postwar period entered into a phase of what historians have called "Big Science", requiring massive machines, budgets, and laboratories in order to test their theories and move into new frontiers. The primary patron of physics became state governments, who recognized that the support of "basic" research could often lead to technologies useful to both military and industrial applications. Currently, general relativity and quantum mechanics are inconsistent with each other, and efforts are underway to unify the two.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: In

text: Otto

text: Hahn

text: and

text: Fritz

text: Strassmann

text: discovered

text: nuclear

text: fission

text: with

text: radiochemical

text: methods

text: and

text: in

text: Lise

text: Meitner

text: and

text: Otto

text: Robert

text: Frisch

text: wrote

text: the

text: first

text: theoretical

text: interpretation

text: of

text: the

text: fission

text: process

text: which

text: was

text: later

text: improved

text: by

text: Niels

text: Bohr

text: and

text: John

text: A.

text: Wheeler

text: Further

text: developments

text: took

text: place

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: practical

text: application

text: of

text: radar

text: and

text: the

text: development

text: and

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: atomic

text: bomb

text: Though

text: the

text: process

text: had

text: begun

text: with

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: cyclotron

text: by

text: Ernest

text: O.

text: Lawrence

text: in

text: the

text: physics

text: in

text: the

text: postwar

text: period

text: entered

text: into

text: a

text: phase

text: of

text: what

text: historians

text: have

text: called

text: Big

text: Science

text: requiring

text: massive

text: machines

text: budgets

text: and

text: laboratories

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: test

text: their

text: theories

text: and

text: move

text: into

text: new

text: frontiers

text: The

text: primary

text: patron

text: of

text: physics

text: became

text: state

text: governments

text: who

text: recognized

text: that

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: basic

text: research

text: could

text: often

text: lead

text: to

text: technologies

text: useful

text: to

text: both

text: military

text: and

text: industrial

text: applications

text: Currently

text: general

text: relativity

text: and

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: are

text: inconsistent

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: and

text: efforts

text: are

text: underway

text: to

text: unify

text: the

text: two

question: Who discovered nuclear fission?

answer: Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann

text: Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann

question: Who edited the first paper about nuclear fission?

answer: Niels Bohr and John A. Wheeler

text: Niels Bohr and John A. Wheeler

question: What event was going on during the creation of the atomic bomb?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: The atomic bomb was a part of which movement?

answer: Big Science

text: Big Science

question: What is the problem with general relativity and quantum mechanics?

answer: inconsistent with each other

text: inconsistent with each other


text: The initial prototype shown in May 2005 featured two HDMI ports, three Ethernet ports and six USB ports; however, when the system was shown again a year later at E3 2006, these were reduced to one HDMI port, one Ethernet port and four USB ports, presumably to cut costs. Two hardware configurations were also announced for the console: a 20 GB model and a 60 GB model, priced at US$499 (€499) and US$599 (€599), respectively. The 60 GB model was to be the only configuration to feature an HDMI port, Wi-Fi internet, flash card readers and a chrome trim with the logo in silver. Both models were announced for a simultaneous worldwide release: November 11, 2006, for Japan and November 17, 2006, for North America and Europe.

title: PlayStation_3

title: PlayStation_3

text: The

text: initial

text: prototype

text: shown

text: in

text: May

text: featured

text: two

text: HDMI

text: ports

text: three

text: Ethernet

text: ports

text: and

text: six

text: USB

text: ports

text: however

text: when

text: the

text: system

text: was

text: shown

text: again

text: a

text: year

text: later

text: at

text: these

text: were

text: reduced

text: to

text: one

text: HDMI

text: port

text: one

text: Ethernet

text: port

text: and

text: four

text: USB

text: ports

text: presumably

text: to

text: cut

text: costs

text: Two

text: hardware

text: configurations

text: were

text: also

text: announced

text: for

text: the

text: console

text: a

text: GB

text: model

text: and

text: a

text: GB

text: model

text: priced

text: at

text: US$

text: and

text: US$

text: respectively

text: The

text: GB

text: model

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: only

text: configuration

text: to

text: feature

text: an

text: HDMI

text: port

text: Wi

text: Fi

text: internet

text: flash

text: card

text: readers

text: and

text: a

text: chrome

text: trim

text: with

text: the

text: logo

text: in

text: silver

text: Both

text: models

text: were

text: announced

text: for

text: a

text: simultaneous

text: worldwide

text: release

text: November

text: for

text: Japan

text: and

text: November

text: for

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

question: How many USB ports did the original PS3 prototype have?

answer: six

text: six

question: By the time the system appeared at E3 2006, how many Ethernet ports was it down to?

answer: one

text: one

question: Why might Sony have reduced the number of ports on the PlayStation 3 before production?

answer: to cut costs

text: to cut costs

question: In addition to the 20 GB model, what larger model did Sony offer?

answer: 60 GB

text: 60 GB

question: What color is the logo on the 60 GB PS3?

answer: silver

text: silver


text: After the end of the late Middle Ages period, the Renaissance would spread unevenly over continental Europe from the southern European region. The intellectual transformation of the Renaissance is viewed as a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern era. Europeans would later begin an era of world discovery. Combined with the influx of classical ideas was the invention of printing which facilitated dissemination of the printed word and democratized learning. These two things would lead to the Protestant Reformation. Europeans also discovered new trading routes, as was the case with Columbus’s travel to the Americas in 1492, and Vasco da Gama’s circumnavigation of Africa and India in 1498. Their discoveries strengthened the economy and power of European nations.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: After

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: period

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: would

text: spread

text: unevenly

text: over

text: continental

text: Europe

text: from

text: the

text: southern

text: European

text: region

text: The

text: intellectual

text: transformation

text: of

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: is

text: viewed

text: as

text: a

text: bridge

text: between

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: and

text: the

text: Modern

text: era

text: Europeans

text: would

text: later

text: begin

text: an

text: era

text: of

text: world

text: discovery

text: Combined

text: with

text: the

text: influx

text: of

text: classical

text: ideas

text: was

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: printing

text: which

text: facilitated

text: dissemination

text: of

text: the

text: printed

text: word

text: and

text: democratized

text: learning

text: These

text: two

text: things

text: would

text: lead

text: to

text: the

text: Protestant

text: Reformation

text: Europeans

text: also

text: discovered

text: new

text: trading

text: routes

text: as

text: was

text: the

text: case

text: with

text: Columbus

text: ’s

text: travel

text: to

text: the

text: Americas

text: in

text: and

text: Vasco

text: da

text: Gama

text: ’s

text: circumnavigation

text: of

text: Africa

text: and

text: India

text: in

text: Their

text: discoveries

text: strengthened

text: the

text: economy

text: and

text: power

text: of

text: European

text: nations

question: Along with the invention of printing, and the associated dissemination of the printed word, what other factor is believed to have led to the Protestant Reformation?

answer: democratized learning

text: democratized learning

question: Which continents did Vasco da Gama circumnavigate in 1498?

answer: Africa and India

text: Africa and India

question: What effect did the discoveries of Columbus and da Gama have on European nations?

answer: strengthened the economy and power

text: strengthened the economy and power

question: What historical era is viewed as a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern Era?

answer: the Renaissance

text: the Renaissance

question: What was discovered as the result of both Columbus' and da Gama's voyages?

answer: new trading routes

text: new trading routes


text: European higher education took place for hundreds of years in Christian cathedral schools or monastic schools (scholae monasticae), in which monks and nuns taught classes; evidence of these immediate forerunners of the later university at many places dates back to the 6th century. The earliest universities were developed under the aegis of the Latin Church by papal bull as studia generalia and perhaps from cathedral schools. It is possible, however, that the development of cathedral schools into universities was quite rare, with the University of Paris being an exception. Later they were also founded by Kings (University of Naples Federico II, Charles University in Prague, Jagiellonian University in Kraków) or municipal administrations (University of Cologne, University of Erfurt). In the early medieval period, most new universities were founded from pre-existing schools, usually when these schools were deemed to have become primarily sites of higher education. Many historians state that universities and cathedral schools were a continuation of the interest in learning promoted by monasteries.

title: University

title: University

text: European

text: higher

text: education

text: took

text: place

text: for

text: hundreds

text: of

text: years

text: in

text: Christian

text: cathedral

text: schools

text: or

text: monastic

text: schools

text: scholae

text: monasticae

text: in

text: which

text: monks

text: and

text: nuns

text: taught

text: classes

text: evidence

text: of

text: these

text: immediate

text: forerunners

text: of

text: the

text: later

text: university

text: at

text: many

text: places

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: earliest

text: universities

text: were

text: developed

text: under

text: the

text: aegis

text: of

text: the

text: Latin

text: Church

text: by

text: papal

text: bull

text: as

text: studia

text: generalia

text: and

text: perhaps

text: from

text: cathedral

text: schools

text: It

text: is

text: possible

text: however

text: that

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: cathedral

text: schools

text: into

text: universities

text: was

text: quite

text: rare

text: with

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Paris

text: being

text: an

text: exception

text: Later

text: they

text: were

text: also

text: founded

text: by

text: Kings

text: University

text: of

text: Naples

text: Federico

text: II

text: Charles

text: University

text: in

text: Prague

text: Jagiellonian

text: University

text: in

text: Kraków

text: or

text: municipal

text: administrations

text: University

text: of

text: Cologne

text: University

text: of

text: Erfurt

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: medieval

text: period

text: most

text: new

text: universities

text: were

text: founded

text: from

text: pre

text: existing

text: schools

text: usually

text: when

text: these

text: schools

text: were

text: deemed

text: to

text: have

text: become

text: primarily

text: sites

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: Many

text: historians

text: state

text: that

text: universities

text: and

text: cathedral

text: schools

text: were

text: a

text: continuation

text: of

text: the

text: interest

text: in

text: learning

text: promoted

text: by

text: monasteries

question: Who presided over classes at a scholae monasticae?

answer: monks and nuns

text: monks and nuns

question: What is a scholae monasticae?

answer: monastic schools

text: monastic schools

question: What church is said to be responsible for the formation of universities?

answer: Latin Church

text: Latin Church

question: In the chronology of academic institutions, where are Christian cathedral schools compared to universities?

answer: immediate forerunners

text: immediate forerunners

question: During which era did universities grow out of already extant schools?

answer: early medieval period

text: early medieval period


text: Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.

title: Dutch_Republic

title: Dutch_Republic

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Low

text: Countries

text: corresponding

text: roughly

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: Netherlands

text: Belgium

text: and

text: Luxembourg

text: consisted

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: duchies

text: counties

text: and

text: Prince

text: bishoprics

text: almost

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: under

text: the

text: supremacy

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Flanders

text: which

text: was

text: under

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: France

question: The Low Countries were made up of which present day countries?

answer: Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

text: Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

question: Which counties in the Low Countries were not ruled by the Holy Roman Empire?

answer: Flanders

text: Flanders


text: Thousands of Muscovites came out to defend the White House (the Russian Federation's parliament and Yeltsin's office), the symbolic seat of Russian sovereignty at the time. The organizers tried but ultimately failed to arrest Yeltsin, who rallied opposition to the coup with speech-making atop a tank. The special forces dispatched by the coup leaders took up positions near the White House, but members refused to storm the barricaded building. The coup leaders also neglected to jam foreign news broadcasts, so many Muscovites watched it unfold live on CNN. Even the isolated Gorbachev was able to stay abreast of developments by tuning into BBC World Service on a small transistor radio.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: Thousands

text: of

text: Muscovites

text: came

text: out

text: to

text: defend

text: the

text: White

text: House

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: 's

text: parliament

text: and

text: Yeltsin

text: 's

text: office

text: the

text: symbolic

text: seat

text: of

text: Russian

text: sovereignty

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: The

text: organizers

text: tried

text: but

text: ultimately

text: failed

text: to

text: arrest

text: Yeltsin

text: who

text: rallied

text: opposition

text: to

text: the

text: coup

text: with

text: speech

text: making

text: atop

text: a

text: tank

text: The

text: special

text: forces

text: dispatched

text: by

text: the

text: coup

text: leaders

text: took

text: up

text: positions

text: near

text: the

text: White

text: House

text: but

text: members

text: refused

text: to

text: storm

text: the

text: barricaded

text: building

text: The

text: coup

text: leaders

text: also

text: neglected

text: to

text: jam

text: foreign

text: news

text: broadcasts

text: so

text: many

text: Muscovites

text: watched

text: it

text: unfold

text: live

text: on

text: CNN

text: Even

text: the

text: isolated

text: Gorbachev

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: stay

text: abreast

text: of

text: developments

text: by

text: tuning

text: into

text: BBC

text: World

text: Service

text: on

text: a

text: small

text: transistor

text: radio

question: Who arrived to protect the White House?

answer: Muscovites

text: Muscovites

question: Who did the organizers want to arrest?

answer: Yeltsin

text: Yeltsin

question: Where was Yeltsin during the coup?

answer: atop a tank

text: atop a tank

question: What was Yeltsin doing on the tank?

answer: speech-making

text: speech-making

question: What TV channel carried the broadcast of the coup?

answer: CNN

text: CNN


text: Retail distribution of Windows 8 has since been discontinued in favor of Windows 8.1. Unlike 8, 8.1 is available as "full version software" at both retail and online for download that does not require a previous version of Windows in order to be installed. Pricing for these new copies remain identical. With the retail release returning to full version software for Windows 8.1, the "Personal Use License" exemption was removed from the OEM SKU, meaning that end users building their own PCs for personal use must use the full retail version in order to satisfy the Windows 8.1 licensing requirements. Windows 8.1 with Bing is a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: Retail

text: distribution

text: of

text: Windows

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: discontinued

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: Windows

text: Unlike

text: is

text: available

text: as

text: full

text: version

text: software

text: at

text: both

text: retail

text: and

text: online

text: for

text: download

text: that

text: does

text: not

text: require

text: a

text: previous

text: version

text: of

text: Windows

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: be

text: installed

text: Pricing

text: for

text: these

text: new

text: copies

text: remain

text: identical

text: With

text: the

text: retail

text: release

text: returning

text: to

text: full

text: version

text: software

text: for

text: Windows

text: the

text: Personal

text: Use

text: License

text: exemption

text: was

text: removed

text: from

text: the

text: OEM

text: SKU

text: meaning

text: that

text: end

text: users

text: building

text: their

text: own

text: PCs

text: for

text: personal

text: use

text: must

text: use

text: the

text: full

text: retail

text: version

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: satisfy

text: the

text: Windows

text: licensing

text: requirements

text: Windows

text: with

text: Bing

text: is

text: a

text: special

text: OEM

text: specific

text: SKU

text: of

text: Windows

text: subsidized

text: by

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: Bing

text: search

text: engine

question: What replaced Windows 8?

answer: Windows 8.1

text: Windows 8.1

question: What is the primary difference in Windows 8.1?

answer: 8.1 is available as "full version software"

text: 8.1 is available as "full version software"

question: What exemption was removed from Windows 8.1?

answer: Personal Use License

text: Personal Use License

question: What is Windows 8.1 with Bing?

answer: a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine

text: a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine


text: As the century wore on, the factions slowly began to adopt more coherent political tendencies as the interests of their power bases began to diverge. The Whig party's initial base of support from the great aristocratic families, widened to include the emerging industrial interests and wealthy merchants. As well as championing constitutional monarchy with strict limits on the monarch's power, the Whigs adamantly opposed a Catholic king as a threat to liberty, and believed in extending toleration to nonconformist Protestants, or dissenters. A major influence on the Whigs were the liberal political ideas of John Locke, and the concepts of universal rights employed by Locke and Algernon Sidney.

title: Political_party

title: Political_party

text: As

text: the

text: century

text: wore

text: on

text: the

text: factions

text: slowly

text: began

text: to

text: adopt

text: more

text: coherent

text: political

text: tendencies

text: as

text: the

text: interests

text: of

text: their

text: power

text: bases

text: began

text: to

text: diverge

text: The

text: Whig

text: party

text: 's

text: initial

text: base

text: of

text: support

text: from

text: the

text: great

text: aristocratic

text: families

text: widened

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: emerging

text: industrial

text: interests

text: and

text: wealthy

text: merchants

text: As

text: well

text: as

text: championing

text: constitutional

text: monarchy

text: with

text: strict

text: limits

text: on

text: the

text: monarch

text: 's

text: power

text: the

text: Whigs

text: adamantly

text: opposed

text: a

text: Catholic

text: king

text: as

text: a

text: threat

text: to

text: liberty

text: and

text: believed

text: in

text: extending

text: toleration

text: to

text: nonconformist

text: Protestants

text: or

text: dissenters

text: A

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: Whigs

text: were

text: the

text: liberal

text: political

text: ideas

text: of

text: John

text: Locke

text: and

text: the

text: concepts

text: of

text: universal

text: rights

text: employed

text: by

text: Locke

text: and

text: Algernon

text: Sidney

question: Who's liberal political ideas influenced the Whigs?

answer: John Locke

text: John Locke

question: Name the two people who's concepts of universal rights influenced the Whigs.

answer: Locke and Algernon Sidney

text: Locke and Algernon Sidney

question: Did the Whigs want to limit the monarch's power?

answer: championing constitutional monarchy with strict limits on the monarch's power

text: championing constitutional monarchy with strict limits on the monarch's power

question: Did the Whigs support or oppose the Catholic king?

answer: the Whigs adamantly opposed a Catholic king as a threat to liberty

text: the Whigs adamantly opposed a Catholic king as a threat to liberty


text: For many years, he wrote a monthly column for the bodybuilding magazines Muscle & Fitness and Flex. Shortly after being elected Governor, he was appointed executive editor of both magazines, in a largely symbolic capacity. The magazines agreed to donate $250,000 a year to the Governor's various physical fitness initiatives. When the deal, including the contract that gave Schwarzenegger at least $1 million a year, was made public in 2005, many criticized it as being a conflict of interest since the governor's office made decisions concerning regulation of dietary supplements in California. Consequently, Schwarzenegger relinquished the executive editor role in 2005. American Media Inc., which owns Muscle & Fitness and Flex, announced in March 2013 that Schwarzenegger had accepted their renewed offer to be executive editor of the magazines.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: For

text: many

text: years

text: he

text: wrote

text: a

text: monthly

text: column

text: for

text: the

text: bodybuilding

text: magazines

text: Muscle

text: Fitness

text: and

text: Flex

text: Shortly

text: after

text: being

text: elected

text: Governor

text: he

text: was

text: appointed

text: executive

text: editor

text: of

text: both

text: magazines

text: in

text: a

text: largely

text: symbolic

text: capacity

text: The

text: magazines

text: agreed

text: to

text: donate

text: a

text: year

text: to

text: the

text: Governor

text: 's

text: various

text: physical

text: fitness

text: initiatives

text: When

text: the

text: deal

text: including

text: the

text: contract

text: that

text: gave

text: Schwarzenegger

text: at

text: least

text: million

text: a

text: year

text: was

text: made

text: public

text: in

text: many

text: criticized

text: it

text: as

text: being

text: a

text: conflict

text: of

text: interest

text: since

text: the

text: governor

text: 's

text: office

text: made

text: decisions

text: concerning

text: regulation

text: of

text: dietary

text: supplements

text: in

text: California

text: Consequently

text: Schwarzenegger

text: relinquished

text: the

text: executive

text: editor

text: role

text: in

text: American

text: Media

text: Inc.

text: which

text: owns

text: Muscle

text: Fitness

text: and

text: Flex

text: announced

text: in

text: March

text: that

text: Schwarzenegger

text: had

text: accepted

text: their

text: renewed

text: offer

text: to

text: be

text: executive

text: editor

text: of

text: the

text: magazines

question: How frequently did Schwarzenegger write a column for Muscle & Fitness and Flex?

answer: monthly

text: monthly

question: How much did the magazines Schwarzenegger wrote for pledge to contribute to physical fitness initiatives each year when he was Governor?

answer: $250,000

question: What position did Schwarzenegger briefly hold at Muscle & Fitness and Flex?

answer: executive editor

text: executive editor


text: Modern interpretations see this period as a civil war between Hellenized and orthodox forms of Judaism. Out of this revolt was formed an independent Jewish kingdom known as the Hasmonaean Dynasty, which lasted from 165 BCE to 63 BCE. The Hasmonean Dynasty eventually disintegrated in a civil war, which coincided with civil wars in Rome. The last Hasmonean ruler, Antigonus II Mattathias, was captured by Herod and executed in 37 BCE. In spite of originally being a revolt against Greek overlordship, the Hasmonean kingdom and also the Herodian kingdom which followed gradually became more and more hellenized. From 37 BCE to 6 CE, the Herodian dynasty, Jewish-Roman client kings, ruled Judea. Herod the Great considerably enlarged the Temple (see Herod's Temple), making it one of the largest religious structures in the world. The style of the enlarged temple and other Herodian architecture shows significant Hellenistic architectural influence.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Modern

text: interpretations

text: see

text: this

text: period

text: as

text: a

text: civil

text: war

text: between

text: Hellenized

text: and

text: orthodox

text: forms

text: of

text: Judaism

text: Out

text: of

text: this

text: revolt

text: was

text: formed

text: an

text: independent

text: Jewish

text: kingdom

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Hasmonaean

text: Dynasty

text: which

text: lasted

text: from

text: BCE

text: to

text: BCE

text: The

text: Hasmonean

text: Dynasty

text: eventually

text: disintegrated

text: in

text: a

text: civil

text: war

text: which

text: coincided

text: with

text: civil

text: wars

text: in

text: Rome

text: The

text: last

text: Hasmonean

text: ruler

text: Antigonus

text: II

text: Mattathias

text: was

text: captured

text: by

text: Herod

text: and

text: executed

text: in

text: BCE

text: In

text: spite

text: of

text: originally

text: being

text: a

text: revolt

text: against

text: Greek

text: overlordship

text: the

text: Hasmonean

text: kingdom

text: and

text: also

text: the

text: Herodian

text: kingdom

text: which

text: followed

text: gradually

text: became

text: more

text: and

text: more

text: hellenized

text: From

text: BCE

text: to

text: CE

text: the

text: Herodian

text: dynasty

text: Jewish

text: Roman

text: client

text: kings

text: ruled

text: Judea

text: Herod

text: the

text: Great

text: considerably

text: enlarged

text: the

text: Temple

text: see

text: Herod

text: 's

text: Temple

text: making

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: religious

text: structures

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: style

text: of

text: the

text: enlarged

text: temple

text: and

text: other

text: Herodian

text: architecture

text: shows

text: significant

text: Hellenistic

text: architectural

text: influence

question: What independent kingdom was formed out of the Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus?

answer: Hasmonaean Dynasty

text: Hasmonaean Dynasty

question: What years did the Hasmonaean Dynasty exist?

answer: 165 BCE to 63 BCE

text: 165 BCE to 63 BCE

question: Who was the last Hasmonean ruler?

answer: Antigonus II Mattathias

text: Antigonus II Mattathias

question: Who was Antigonus II Mattathias captured by?

answer: Herod

text: Herod

question: When was Antigonus II Mattathias executed?

answer: 37 BCE

text: 37 BCE


text: Japanese comics and cartooning (manga),[g] have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, 17th-century toba-e and kibyōshi picture books, and woodblock prints such as ukiyo-e which were popular between the 17th and 20th centuries. The kibyōshi contained examples of sequential images, movement lines, and sound effects.

title: Comics

title: Comics

text: Japanese

text: comics

text: and

text: cartooning

text: manga),[g

text: have

text: a

text: history

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: seen

text: as

text: far

text: back

text: as

text: the

text: anthropomorphic

text: characters

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Chōjū

text: jinbutsu

text: giga

text: century

text: toba

text: e

text: and

text: kibyōshi

text: picture

text: books

text: and

text: woodblock

text: prints

text: such

text: as

text: ukiyo

text: e

text: which

text: were

text: popular

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: The

text: kibyōshi

text: contained

text: examples

text: of

text: sequential

text: images

text: movement

text: lines

text: and

text: sound

text: effects

question: What picture books from the 17th century show manga origins?

answer: toba-e and kibyōshi picture books

text: toba-e and kibyōshi picture books

question: What is ukiyo-e an example of?

answer: woodblock prints

text: woodblock prints


text: At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: At

text: the

text: funeral

text: of

text: the

text: tenor

text: Adolphe

text: Nourrit

text: in

text: Paris

text: in

text: Chopin

text: made

text: a

text: rare

text: appearance

text: at

text: the

text: organ

text: playing

text: a

text: transcription

text: of

text: Franz

text: Schubert

text: 's

text: lied

text: Die

text: Gestirne

text: On

text: July

text: Chopin

text: and

text: Sand

text: were

text: present

text: at

text: the

text: dress

text: rehearsal

text: of

text: Berlioz

text: 's

text: Grande

text: symphonie

text: funèbre

text: et

text: triomphale

text: composed

text: to

text: commemorate

text: the

text: tenth

text: anniversary

text: of

text: the

text: July

text: Revolution

text: Chopin

text: was

text: reportedly

text: unimpressed

text: with

text: the

text: composition

question: What event were Chopin and Sand at on 26 July 1840?

answer: Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale

text: Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale

question: What anniversary was the July Revolution that Sand and Chopin were present at a dress rehearsal for?

answer: tenth

text: tenth

question: At whose funeral did Chopin play in 1839?

answer: Adolphe Nourrit

text: Adolphe Nourrit

question: What instrument did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?

answer: organ

text: organ

question: What piece did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?

answer: Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne

text: Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne

question: Chopin attended the funeral of who in 1839?

answer: Adolphe Nourrit

text: Adolphe Nourrit

question: What did Chopin play at the funeral?

answer: Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne.

text: Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne.

question: What was the dress rehearsal for?

answer: Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale

text: Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale

question: It was in commemoration of the tenth anniversary of what?

answer: the July Revolution.

text: the July Revolution.


text: The convergence of these various sources into a uniform theory of groups started with Camille Jordan's Traité des substitutions et des équations algébriques (1870). Walther von Dyck (1882) introduced the idea of specifying a group by means of generators and relations, and was also the first to give an axiomatic definition of an "abstract group", in the terminology of the time. As of the 20th century, groups gained wide recognition by the pioneering work of Ferdinand Georg Frobenius and William Burnside, who worked on representation theory of finite groups, Richard Brauer's modular representation theory and Issai Schur's papers. The theory of Lie groups, and more generally locally compact groups was studied by Hermann Weyl, Élie Cartan and many others. Its algebraic counterpart, the theory of algebraic groups, was first shaped by Claude Chevalley (from the late 1930s) and later by the work of Armand Borel and Jacques Tits.

title: Group_(mathematics)

title: Group_(mathematics

text: The

text: convergence

text: of

text: these

text: various

text: sources

text: into

text: a

text: uniform

text: theory

text: of

text: groups

text: started

text: with

text: Camille

text: Jordan

text: 's

text: Traité

text: des

text: substitutions

text: et

text: des

text: équations

text: algébriques

text: Walther

text: von

text: Dyck

text: introduced

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: specifying

text: a

text: group

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: generators

text: and

text: relations

text: and

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: give

text: an

text: axiomatic

text: definition

text: of

text: an

text: abstract

text: group

text: in

text: the

text: terminology

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: groups

text: gained

text: wide

text: recognition

text: by

text: the

text: pioneering

text: work

text: of

text: Ferdinand

text: Georg

text: Frobenius

text: and

text: William

text: Burnside

text: who

text: worked

text: on

text: representation

text: theory

text: of

text: finite

text: groups

text: Richard

text: Brauer

text: 's

text: modular

text: representation

text: theory

text: and

text: Issai

text: Schur

text: 's

text: papers

text: The

text: theory

text: of

text: Lie

text: groups

text: and

text: more

text: generally

text: locally

text: compact

text: groups

text: was

text: studied

text: by

text: Hermann

text: Weyl

text: Élie

text: Cartan

text: and

text: many

text: others

text: Its

text: algebraic

text: counterpart

text: the

text: theory

text: of

text: algebraic

text: groups

text: was

text: first

text: shaped

text: by

text: Claude

text: Chevalley

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: later

text: by

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Armand

text: Borel

text: and

text: Jacques

text: Tits

question: When did the uniform theory of groups develop from different sources?

answer: 1870

question: Who presented a method for specifying a group by means of generators and relations?

answer: Walther von Dyck

text: Walther von Dyck

question: What theory did Hermann Weyl study in addition to locally compact groups?

answer: The theory of Lie groups

text: The theory of Lie groups

question: Who initially molded the theory of algebraic groups?

answer: Claude Chevalley

text: Claude Chevalley


text: More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and planning, and the famous distinction made between reason and emotion is not as clear as it seems. Paul D. MacLean claims that emotion competes with even more instinctive responses, on one hand, and the more abstract reasoning, on the other hand. The increased potential in neuroimaging has also allowed investigation into evolutionarily ancient parts of the brain. Important neurological advances were derived from these perspectives in the 1990s by Joseph E. LeDoux and António Damásio.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: More

text: contemporary

text: views

text: along

text: the

text: evolutionary

text: psychology

text: spectrum

text: posit

text: that

text: both

text: basic

text: emotions

text: and

text: social

text: emotions

text: evolved

text: to

text: motivate

text: social

text: behaviors

text: that

text: were

text: adaptive

text: in

text: the

text: ancestral

text: environment

text: Current

text: research[citation

text: needed

text: suggests

text: that

text: emotion

text: is

text: an

text: essential

text: part

text: of

text: any

text: human

text: decision

text: making

text: and

text: planning

text: and

text: the

text: famous

text: distinction

text: made

text: between

text: reason

text: and

text: emotion

text: is

text: not

text: as

text: clear

text: as

text: it

text: seems

text: Paul

text: D.

text: MacLean

text: claims

text: that

text: emotion

text: competes

text: with

text: even

text: more

text: instinctive

text: responses

text: on

text: one

text: hand

text: and

text: the

text: more

text: abstract

text: reasoning

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: The

text: increased

text: potential

text: in

text: neuroimaging

text: has

text: also

text: allowed

text: investigation

text: into

text: evolutionarily

text: ancient

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: brain

text: Important

text: neurological

text: advances

text: were

text: derived

text: from

text: these

text: perspectives

text: in

text: the

text: by

text: Joseph

text: E.

text: LeDoux

text: and

text: António

text: Damásio

question: What technology has allowed for research into the earlier-evolved parts of the brain?

answer: neuroimaging

text: neuroimaging

question: Along with LeDoux, who was a notable neurological brain researcher?

answer: António Damásio

text: António Damásio

question: Who argued that emotional responses compete with instinct and reason?

answer: Paul D. MacLean

text: Paul D. MacLean

question: In what decade did Damásio and LeDoux do notable work?

answer: 1990s


text: Upon being confirmed in 1966, she adopted Veronica as a confirmation name. She was raised in the Detroit suburbs of Pontiac and Avon Township (now Rochester Hills). Months before her mother died of breast cancer, Madonna noticed changes in her behavior and personality, although she did not understand the reason. Her mother was at a loss to explain her medical condition, and often began to cry when Madonna questioned her about it. Madonna later acknowledged that she had not grasped the concept of her mother dying.

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: Upon

text: being

text: confirmed

text: in

text: she

text: adopted

text: Veronica

text: as

text: a

text: confirmation

text: name

text: She

text: was

text: raised

text: in

text: the

text: Detroit

text: suburbs

text: of

text: Pontiac

text: and

text: Avon

text: Township

text: now

text: Rochester

text: Hills

text: Months

text: before

text: her

text: mother

text: died

text: of

text: breast

text: cancer

text: Madonna

text: noticed

text: changes

text: in

text: her

text: behavior

text: and

text: personality

text: although

text: she

text: did

text: not

text: understand

text: the

text: reason

text: Her

text: mother

text: was

text: at

text: a

text: loss

text: to

text: explain

text: her

text: medical

text: condition

text: and

text: often

text: began

text: to

text: cry

text: when

text: Madonna

text: questioned

text: her

text: about

text: it

text: Madonna

text: later

text: acknowledged

text: that

text: she

text: had

text: not

text: grasped

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: her

text: mother

text: dying

question: Which name did Madonna adopted as her confirmation name?

answer: Veronica

text: Veronica

question: Which disease did her mother passed away from?

answer: breast cancer

text: breast cancer

question: Where was Madonna raised?

answer: Detroit suburbs of Pontiac and Avon Township

text: Detroit suburbs of Pontiac and Avon Township

question: What was Madonna's mother's reaction to her questioning about her illness?

answer: cry

text: cry