text: The earliest reference to the Magadha people occurs in the Atharva-Veda where they are found listed along with the Angas, Gandharis, and Mujavats. Magadha played an important role in the development of Jainism and Buddhism, and two of India's greatest empires, the Maurya Empire and Gupta Empire, originated from Magadha. These empires saw advancements in ancient India's science, mathematics, astronomy, religion, and philosophy and were considered the Indian "Golden Age". The Magadha kingdom included republican communities such as the community of Rajakumara. Villages had their own assemblies under their local chiefs called Gramakas. Their administrations were divided into executive, judicial, and military functions.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: The

text: earliest

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: Magadha

text: people

text: occurs

text: in

text: the

text: Atharva

text: Veda

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: found

text: listed

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Angas

text: Gandharis

text: and

text: Mujavats

text: Magadha

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: Jainism

text: and

text: Buddhism

text: and

text: two

text: of

text: India

text: 's

text: greatest

text: empires

text: the

text: Maurya

text: Empire

text: and

text: Gupta

text: Empire

text: originated

text: from

text: Magadha

text: These

text: empires

text: saw

text: advancements

text: in

text: ancient

text: India

text: 's

text: science

text: mathematics

text: astronomy

text: religion

text: and

text: philosophy

text: and

text: were

text: considered

text: the

text: Indian

text: Golden

text: Age

text: The

text: Magadha

text: kingdom

text: included

text: republican

text: communities

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: community

text: of

text: Rajakumara

text: Villages

text: had

text: their

text: own

text: assemblies

text: under

text: their

text: local

text: chiefs

text: called

text: Gramakas

text: Their

text: administrations

text: were

text: divided

text: into

text: executive

text: judicial

text: and

text: military

text: functions

question: Where is the earliest mention of Magadha people?

answer: Atharva-Veda

text: Atharva-Veda

question: In the development of which religions did Magadha participate?

answer: Jainism and Buddhism

text: Jainism and Buddhism

question: Where was the location origin of the Maurya and Gupta empires?

answer: Magadha

text: Magadha

question: Due to advances in science and culture, what are the Magadha region empires considered to represent?

answer: Golden Age

text: Golden Age

question: What were local villages' assemblies called in the Magadha kingdoms?

answer: Gramakas

text: Gramakas


text: Most former British colonies and protectorates are among the 53 member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, a non-political, voluntary association of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people. Sixteen Commonwealth realms voluntarily continue to share the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as their head of state. These sixteen nations are distinct and equal legal entities – the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: Most

text: former

text: British

text: colonies

text: and

text: protectorates

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Nations

text: a

text: non

text: political

text: voluntary

text: association

text: of

text: equal

text: members

text: comprising

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: around

text: billion

text: people

text: Sixteen

text: Commonwealth

text: realms

text: voluntarily

text: continue

text: to

text: share

text: the

text: British

text: monarch

text: Queen

text: Elizabeth

text: II

text: as

text: their

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: These

text: sixteen

text: nations

text: are

text: distinct

text: and

text: equal

text: legal

text: entities

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Australia

text: Canada

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Papua

text: New

text: Guinea

text: Antigua

text: and

text: Barbuda

text: The

text: Bahamas

text: Barbados

text: Belize

text: Grenada

text: Jamaica

text: Saint

text: Kitts

text: and

text: Nevis

text: Saint

text: Lucia

text: Saint

text: Vincent

text: and

text: the

text: Grenadines

text: Solomon

text: Islands

text: and

text: Tuvalu

question: How many Commonwealth nations are there?

answer: 53

question: What is the population of the Commonwealth?

answer: 2.2 billion

text: 2.2 billion

question: How many Commonwealth nations still consider the British Queen their head of state?

answer: Sixteen

text: Sixteen

question: Who is the British Queen?

answer: Elizabeth II

text: Elizabeth II


text: In respect of his contribution to the direction of the US motor industry, Schwarzenegger was invited to open the 2009 SAE World Congress in Detroit, on April 20, 2009.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: In

text: respect

text: of

text: his

text: contribution

text: to

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: the

text: US

text: motor

text: industry

text: Schwarzenegger

text: was

text: invited

text: to

text: open

text: the

text: SAE

text: World

text: Congress

text: in

text: Detroit

text: on

text: April

question: In what city was the SAE World Congress held in 2009?

answer: Detroit

text: Detroit


text: In 334 BC, Alexander the Great invaded the Achaemenid Empire, defeating the last Achaemenid emperor, Darius III, at the Battle of Issus. Following the premature death of Alexander, Iran came under the control of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. In the middle of the 2nd century BC, the Parthian Empire rose to become the main power in Iran, and the century-long geopolitical arch-rivalry between Romans and Parthians began, culminating in the Roman–Parthian Wars. The Parthian Empire continued as a feudal monarchy for nearly five centuries, until 224 CE, when it was succeeded by the Sassanid Empire. Together with their neighboring arch-rival, the Roman-Byzantines, they made up the world's two most dominant powers at the time, for over four centuries.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: In

text: BC

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: invaded

text: the

text: Achaemenid

text: Empire

text: defeating

text: the

text: last

text: Achaemenid

text: emperor

text: Darius

text: III

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Issus

text: Following

text: the

text: premature

text: death

text: of

text: Alexander

text: Iran

text: came

text: under

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: Seleucid

text: Empire

text: In

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: the

text: Parthian

text: Empire

text: rose

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: main

text: power

text: in

text: Iran

text: and

text: the

text: century

text: long

text: geopolitical

text: arch

text: rivalry

text: between

text: Romans

text: and

text: Parthians

text: began

text: culminating

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: Parthian

text: Wars

text: The

text: Parthian

text: Empire

text: continued

text: as

text: a

text: feudal

text: monarchy

text: for

text: nearly

text: five

text: centuries

text: until

text: CE

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: succeeded

text: by

text: the

text: Sassanid

text: Empire

text: Together

text: with

text: their

text: neighboring

text: arch

text: rival

text: the

text: Roman

text: Byzantines

text: they

text: made

text: up

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: two

text: most

text: dominant

text: powers

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: for

text: over

text: four

text: centuries

question: Who invaded the Archaemenid Empire in 334BC?

answer: Alexander the Great

text: Alexander the Great

question: Who was the last Archaemenid Emperor at the time of its defeat by Alexander the Great?

answer: Darius III

text: Darius III

question: Who controlled the Archaemenid Empire after Alexander the Great died prematurely?

answer: the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire

text: the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire

question: When did the Parthian Empire rise to become the main power in Iran?

answer: In the middle of the 2nd century BC

text: In the middle of the 2nd century BC

question: When did the Sassanid Empire succeed the Parthian Empire in control of Iran?

answer: 224 CE

text: 224 CE


text: The liberal political forces maintained strong control over the state government until shortly after the French Intervention which turned the tables in favor to the conservative forces once again. The intervention had serious repercussions for the state of Chihuahua. President Juárez, in an effort to organize a strong defense against the French, decreed a list of national guard units that every state had to contribute to the Ministry of War and the Navy; Chihuahua was responsible for inducting 2,000 men. Regaining power, Governor Luis Terrazas assigned the First Battalion of Chihuahua for integration into the national army led by General Jesús González Ortega; the battalion was deployed to Puebla. After the defeat of the army in Puebla, the Juárez administration was forced to abandon Mexico City; the president retreated further north seeking refuge in the state of Chihuahua.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: The

text: liberal

text: political

text: forces

text: maintained

text: strong

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: state

text: government

text: until

text: shortly

text: after

text: the

text: French

text: Intervention

text: which

text: turned

text: the

text: tables

text: in

text: favor

text: to

text: the

text: conservative

text: forces

text: once

text: again

text: The

text: intervention

text: had

text: serious

text: repercussions

text: for

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Chihuahua

text: President

text: Juárez

text: in

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: organize

text: a

text: strong

text: defense

text: against

text: the

text: French

text: decreed

text: a

text: list

text: of

text: national

text: guard

text: units

text: that

text: every

text: state

text: had

text: to

text: contribute

text: to

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: War

text: and

text: the

text: Navy

text: Chihuahua

text: was

text: responsible

text: for

text: inducting

text: men

text: Regaining

text: power

text: Governor

text: Luis

text: Terrazas

text: assigned

text: the

text: First

text: Battalion

text: of

text: Chihuahua

text: for

text: integration

text: into

text: the

text: national

text: army

text: led

text: by

text: General

text: Jesús

text: González

text: Ortega

text: the

text: battalion

text: was

text: deployed

text: to

text: Puebla

text: After

text: the

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: army

text: in

text: Puebla

text: the

text: Juárez

text: administration

text: was

text: forced

text: to

text: abandon

text: Mexico

text: City

text: the

text: president

text: retreated

text: further

text: north

text: seeking

text: refuge

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Chihuahua

question: Which political forces maintained strong control over the state until shortly after French intervention?

answer: liberal

text: liberal

question: The intervention had serious consequences for which state?

answer: Chihuahua

text: Chihuahua

question: Who made an effort to organize a strong defense against the French?

answer: President Juárez

text: President Juárez

question: Who assigned the First Battalion of Chihuahua for integration into the army?

answer: Governor Luis Terrazas

text: Governor Luis Terrazas

question: To where was the battalion first deployed?

answer: Puebla

text: Puebla


text: Along with professional services, media companies are concentrated in London and the media distribution industry is London's second most competitive sector. The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the City. Many national newspapers are edited in London. London is a major retail centre and in 2010 had the highest non-food retail sales of any city in the world, with a total spend of around £64.2 billion. The Port of London is the second-largest in the United Kingdom, handling 45 million tonnes of cargo each year.

title: London

title: London

text: Along

text: with

text: professional

text: services

text: media

text: companies

text: are

text: concentrated

text: in

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: media

text: distribution

text: industry

text: is

text: London

text: 's

text: second

text: most

text: competitive

text: sector

text: The

text: BBC

text: is

text: a

text: significant

text: employer

text: while

text: other

text: broadcasters

text: also

text: have

text: headquarters

text: around

text: the

text: City

text: Many

text: national

text: newspapers

text: are

text: edited

text: in

text: London

text: London

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: retail

text: centre

text: and

text: in

text: had

text: the

text: highest

text: non

text: food

text: retail

text: sales

text: of

text: any

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: a

text: total

text: spend

text: of

text: around

text: billion

text: The

text: Port

text: of

text: London

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: handling

text: million

text: tonnes

text: of

text: cargo

text: each

text: year

question: What is the second largest port in the UK?

answer: The Port of London

text: The Port of London

question: Approximately how much was spent on non-food retail sales in London in 2010?

answer: £64.2 billion

text: £64.2 billion

question: How much cargo does the Port of London handle annually?

answer: 45 million tonnes

text: 45 million tonnes

question: What is London's second most competitive industry?

answer: media distribution

text: media distribution

question: What corporation is the major player in London's media distribution industry?

answer: The BBC

text: The BBC


text: There is a direct relationship between declines in wealth and declines in consumption and business investment, which along with government spending, represent the economic engine. Between June 2007 and November 2008, Americans lost an estimated average of more than a quarter of their collective net worth.[citation needed] By early November 2008, a broad U.S. stock index the S&P 500, was down 45% from its 2007 high. Housing prices had dropped 20% from their 2006 peak, with futures markets signaling a 30–35% potential drop. Total home equity in the United States, which was valued at $13 trillion at its peak in 2006, had dropped to $8.8 trillion by mid-2008 and was still falling in late 2008. Total retirement assets, Americans' second-largest household asset, dropped by 22%, from $10.3 trillion in 2006 to $8 trillion in mid-2008. During the same period, savings and investment assets (apart from retirement savings) lost $1.2 trillion and pension assets lost $1.3 trillion. Taken together, these losses total a staggering $8.3 trillion. Since peaking in the second quarter of 2007, household wealth is down $14 trillion.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: There

text: is

text: a

text: direct

text: relationship

text: between

text: declines

text: in

text: wealth

text: and

text: declines

text: in

text: consumption

text: and

text: business

text: investment

text: which

text: along

text: with

text: government

text: spending

text: represent

text: the

text: economic

text: engine

text: Between

text: June

text: and

text: November

text: Americans

text: lost

text: an

text: estimated

text: average

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: their

text: collective

text: net

text: worth.[citation

text: needed

text: By

text: early

text: November

text: a

text: broad

text: U.S.

text: stock

text: index

text: the

text: S&P

text: was

text: down

text: from

text: its

text: high

text: Housing

text: prices

text: had

text: dropped

text: from

text: their

text: peak

text: with

text: futures

text: markets

text: signaling

text: a

text: potential

text: drop

text: Total

text: home

text: equity

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: which

text: was

text: valued

text: at

text: trillion

text: at

text: its

text: peak

text: in

text: had

text: dropped

text: to

text: trillion

text: by

text: and

text: was

text: still

text: falling

text: in

text: late

text: Total

text: retirement

text: assets

text: Americans

text: second

text: largest

text: household

text: asset

text: dropped

text: by

text: from

text: trillion

text: in

text: to

text: trillion

text: in

text: During

text: the

text: same

text: period

text: savings

text: and

text: investment

text: assets

text: apart

text: from

text: retirement

text: savings

text: lost

text: trillion

text: and

text: pension

text: assets

text: lost

text: trillion

text: Taken

text: together

text: these

text: losses

text: total

text: a

text: staggering

text: trillion

text: Since

text: peaking

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: quarter

text: of

text: household

text: wealth

text: is

text: down

text: trillion

question: How much net worth did Americans lose between June 2007 and November 2008?

answer: more than a quarter

text: more than a quarter

question: In November 2008, how much was the U.S. stock index down from its 2007 high?

answer: 45%

question: In November 2008, how much had housing prices drop from their 2006 peak?

answer: 20%

question: How much was home equity valued in the United States at its peak in 2006?

answer: $13 trillion

text: $13 trillion

question: How much was home equity valued in the United States in mid-2008?

answer: $8.8 trillion

text: $8.8 trillion


text: Religious Ashkenazi Jews living in Israel are obliged to follow the authority of the chief Ashkenazi rabbi in halakhic matters. In this respect, a religiously Ashkenazi Jew is an Israeli who is more likely to support certain religious interests in Israel, including certain political parties. These political parties result from the fact that a portion of the Israeli electorate votes for Jewish religious parties; although the electoral map changes from one election to another, there are generally several small parties associated with the interests of religious Ashkenazi Jews. The role of religious parties, including small religious parties that play important roles as coalition members, results in turn from Israel's composition as a complex society in which competing social, economic, and religious interests stand for election to the Knesset, a unicameral legislature with 120 seats.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: Religious

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: living

text: in

text: Israel

text: are

text: obliged

text: to

text: follow

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: chief

text: Ashkenazi

text: rabbi

text: in

text: halakhic

text: matters

text: In

text: this

text: respect

text: a

text: religiously

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jew

text: is

text: an

text: Israeli

text: who

text: is

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: support

text: certain

text: religious

text: interests

text: in

text: Israel

text: including

text: certain

text: political

text: parties

text: These

text: political

text: parties

text: result

text: from

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: a

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Israeli

text: electorate

text: votes

text: for

text: Jewish

text: religious

text: parties

text: although

text: the

text: electoral

text: map

text: changes

text: from

text: one

text: election

text: to

text: another

text: there

text: are

text: generally

text: several

text: small

text: parties

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: interests

text: of

text: religious

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: The

text: role

text: of

text: religious

text: parties

text: including

text: small

text: religious

text: parties

text: that

text: play

text: important

text: roles

text: as

text: coalition

text: members

text: results

text: in

text: turn

text: from

text: Israel

text: 's

text: composition

text: as

text: a

text: complex

text: society

text: in

text: which

text: competing

text: social

text: economic

text: and

text: religious

text: interests

text: stand

text: for

text: election

text: to

text: the

text: Knesset

text: a

text: unicameral

text: legislature

text: with

text: seats

question: Religious Ashkenazi Jews living in Israel follow the authority of whom in certain matters?

answer: the chief Ashkenazi rabbi

text: the chief Ashkenazi rabbi

question: What is the Knesset?

answer: a unicameral legislature with 120 seats

text: a unicameral legislature with 120 seats

question: Religious Ashkenazi Jews look to the authority of the chief Ashkenazi rabbi in which matters?

answer: halakhic matters

text: halakhic matters


text: DC commutating electric motors, if fitted with laminated pole pieces, become universal motors because they can also operate on AC; reversing the current in both stator and rotor does not reverse the motor. But the now-standard AC distribution frequencies of 50 and 60 Hz caused difficulties with inductive reactance and eddy current losses. Many railways chose low AC frequencies to overcome these problems. They must be converted from utility power by motor-generators or static inverters at the feeding substations or generated at dedicated traction powerstations.

title: Railway_electrification_system

title: Railway_electrification_system

text: DC

text: commutating

text: electric

text: motors

text: if

text: fitted

text: with

text: laminated

text: pole

text: pieces

text: become

text: universal

text: motors

text: because

text: they

text: can

text: also

text: operate

text: on

text: AC

text: reversing

text: the

text: current

text: in

text: both

text: stator

text: and

text: rotor

text: does

text: not

text: reverse

text: the

text: motor

text: But

text: the

text: now

text: standard

text: AC

text: distribution

text: frequencies

text: of

text: and

text: Hz

text: caused

text: difficulties

text: with

text: inductive

text: reactance

text: and

text: eddy

text: current

text: losses

text: Many

text: railways

text: chose

text: low

text: AC

text: frequencies

text: to

text: overcome

text: these

text: problems

text: They

text: must

text: be

text: converted

text: from

text: utility

text: power

text: by

text: motor

text: generators

text: or

text: static

text: inverters

text: at

text: the

text: feeding

text: substations

text: or

text: generated

text: at

text: dedicated

text: traction

text: powerstations

question: How can DC motor turn universal?

answer: if fitted with laminated pole pieces

text: if fitted with laminated pole pieces

question: What problems did AC distribution cause?

answer: inductive reactance and eddy current losses

text: inductive reactance and eddy current losses

question: How do railways try to solve the problem of inductive reactance of AC system?

answer: low AC frequencies

text: low AC frequencies

question: How can low frequencies be obtained?

answer: converted from utility power

text: converted from utility power


text: At present, the full name of the government of Nanjing is "People's Government of Nanjing City" and the city is under the one-party rule of the CPC, with the CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary as the de facto governor of the city and the mayor as the executive head of the government working under the secretary.

title: Nanjing

title: Nanjing

text: At

text: present

text: the

text: full

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: Nanjing

text: is

text: People

text: 's

text: Government

text: of

text: Nanjing

text: City

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: under

text: the

text: one

text: party

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: CPC

text: with

text: the

text: CPC

text: Nanjing

text: Committee

text: Secretary

text: as

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: governor

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: mayor

text: as

text: the

text: executive

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: working

text: under

text: the

text: secretary

question: What is the full name for Nanjing's government?

answer: "People's Government of Nanjing City"

text: "People's Government of Nanjing City"

question: How many parties rule Nanjing?

answer: one-party

text: one-party

question: What party rules Nanjing?

answer: the CPC

text: the CPC

question: Who is considered to be the governor of Nanjing?

answer: the CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary

text: the CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary

question: who is the executive leader of Nanjing, working under the secretary?

answer: the mayor

text: the mayor


text: The site where the Saint Petersburg Passage sprawls had been devoted to trade since the city's foundation in the early 18th century. It had been occupied by various shops and warehouses (Maly Gostiny Dvor, Schukin Dvor, Apraksin Dvor) until 1846, when Count Essen-Stenbock-Fermor acquired the grounds to build an elite shopping mall for the Russian nobility and wealthy bourgeoisie. Stenbock-Fermor conceived of the Passage as more than a mere shopping mall, but also as a cultural and social centre for the people of St Petersburg. The edifice contained coffee-houses, confectioneries, panorama installations, an anatomical museum, a wax museum, and even a small zoo, described by Dostoyevsky in his extravaganza "Crocodile, or Passage through the Passage". The concert hall became renowned as a setting for literary readings attended by the likes of Dostoevsky and Turgenev. Parenthetically, the Passage premises have long been associated with the entertainment industry and still remains home to the Komissarzhevskaya Theatre.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: The

text: site

text: where

text: the

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Passage

text: sprawls

text: had

text: been

text: devoted

text: to

text: trade

text: since

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: foundation

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: It

text: had

text: been

text: occupied

text: by

text: various

text: shops

text: and

text: warehouses

text: Maly

text: Gostiny

text: Dvor

text: Schukin

text: Dvor

text: Apraksin

text: Dvor

text: until

text: when

text: Count

text: Essen

text: Stenbock

text: Fermor

text: acquired

text: the

text: grounds

text: to

text: build

text: an

text: elite

text: shopping

text: mall

text: for

text: the

text: Russian

text: nobility

text: and

text: wealthy

text: bourgeoisie

text: Stenbock

text: Fermor

text: conceived

text: of

text: the

text: Passage

text: as

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: mere

text: shopping

text: mall

text: but

text: also

text: as

text: a

text: cultural

text: and

text: social

text: centre

text: for

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: St

text: Petersburg

text: The

text: edifice

text: contained

text: coffee

text: houses

text: confectioneries

text: panorama

text: installations

text: an

text: anatomical

text: museum

text: a

text: wax

text: museum

text: and

text: even

text: a

text: small

text: zoo

text: described

text: by

text: Dostoyevsky

text: in

text: his

text: extravaganza

text: Crocodile

text: or

text: Passage

text: through

text: the

text: Passage

text: The

text: concert

text: hall

text: became

text: renowned

text: as

text: a

text: setting

text: for

text: literary

text: readings

text: attended

text: by

text: the

text: likes

text: of

text: Dostoevsky

text: and

text: Turgenev

text: Parenthetically

text: the

text: Passage

text: premises

text: have

text: long

text: been

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: and

text: still

text: remains

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Komissarzhevskaya

text: Theatre

question: When was Saint Petersburg established?

answer: early 18th century

text: early 18th century

question: Who founded a shopping mall reserved for the most elites of society?

answer: Count Essen-Stenbock-Fermor

text: Count Essen-Stenbock-Fermor

question: What famous author described parts of the mall in his books?

answer: Dostoyevsky

text: Dostoyevsky

question: What historical site still operates within the mall?

answer: Komissarzhevskaya Theatre

text: Komissarzhevskaya Theatre


text: The town was sacked in 1338 by French, Genoese and Monegasque ships (under Charles Grimaldi, who used the plunder to help found the principality of Monaco). On visiting Southampton in 1339, Edward III ordered that walls be built to 'close the town'. The extensive rebuilding—part of the walls dates from 1175—culminated in the completion of the western walls in 1380. Roughly half of the walls, 13 of the original towers, and six gates survive.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: The

text: town

text: was

text: sacked

text: in

text: by

text: French

text: Genoese

text: and

text: Monegasque

text: ships

text: under

text: Charles

text: Grimaldi

text: who

text: used

text: the

text: plunder

text: to

text: help

text: found

text: the

text: principality

text: of

text: Monaco

text: On

text: visiting

text: Southampton

text: in

text: Edward

text: III

text: ordered

text: that

text: walls

text: be

text: built

text: to

text: close

text: the

text: town

text: The

text: extensive

text: rebuilding

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: walls

text: dates

text: from

text: in

text: the

text: completion

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: walls

text: in

text: Roughly

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: walls

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: towers

text: and

text: six

text: gates

text: survive

question: Who led the invasion of Southampton in the 14th century by the French and others?

answer: Charles Grimaldi

text: Charles Grimaldi

question: What principality did Grimaldi set up with the profits from plundering Southampton?

answer: Monaco

text: Monaco

question: What year did Edward III show up in Southampton and tell them to build walls?

answer: 1339

question: How many of the original towers from Southampton's walls are still standing?

answer: 13

question: The oldest section of the original wall around the town dates from what year?

answer: 1175


text: By about 6000 BC, a Neolithic culture rooted in the Nile Valley. During the Neolithic era, several predynastic cultures developed independently in Upper and Lower Egypt. The Badarian culture and the successor Naqada series are generally regarded as precursors to dynastic Egypt. The earliest known Lower Egyptian site, Merimda, predates the Badarian by about seven hundred years. Contemporaneous Lower Egyptian communities coexisted with their southern counterparts for more than two thousand years, remaining culturally distinct, but maintaining frequent contact through trade. The earliest known evidence of Egyptian hieroglyphic inscriptions appeared during the predynastic period on Naqada III pottery vessels, dated to about 3200 BC.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: By

text: about

text: BC

text: a

text: Neolithic

text: culture

text: rooted

text: in

text: the

text: Nile

text: Valley

text: During

text: the

text: Neolithic

text: era

text: several

text: predynastic

text: cultures

text: developed

text: independently

text: in

text: Upper

text: and

text: Lower

text: Egypt

text: The

text: Badarian

text: culture

text: and

text: the

text: successor

text: Naqada

text: series

text: are

text: generally

text: regarded

text: as

text: precursors

text: to

text: dynastic

text: Egypt

text: The

text: earliest

text: known

text: Lower

text: Egyptian

text: site

text: Merimda

text: predates

text: the

text: Badarian

text: by

text: about

text: seven

text: hundred

text: years

text: Contemporaneous

text: Lower

text: Egyptian

text: communities

text: coexisted

text: with

text: their

text: southern

text: counterparts

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: two

text: thousand

text: years

text: remaining

text: culturally

text: distinct

text: but

text: maintaining

text: frequent

text: contact

text: through

text: trade

text: The

text: earliest

text: known

text: evidence

text: of

text: Egyptian

text: hieroglyphic

text: inscriptions

text: appeared

text: during

text: the

text: predynastic

text: period

text: on

text: Naqada

text: III

text: pottery

text: vessels

text: dated

text: to

text: about

text: BC

question: During 6000 BC what area was occupied by a Neolithic culture?

answer: Nile Valley

text: Nile Valley

question: What culture succeeded the Naqada culture?

answer: Badarian culture

text: Badarian culture

question: When is the earliest hieroglyghics date back?

answer: 3200 BC

text: 3200 BC

question: How long did cultures coexist in lower Egypt?

answer: more than two thousand years

text: more than two thousand years


text: Known as the world's automotive center, "Detroit" is a metonym for that industry. Detroit's auto industry, some of which was converted to wartime defense production, was an important element of the American "Arsenal of Democracy" supporting the Allied powers during World War II. It is an important source of popular music legacies celebrated by the city's two familiar nicknames, the Motor City and Motown. Other nicknames arose in the 20th century, including City of Champions, beginning in the 1930s for its successes in individual and team sport; The D; Hockeytown (a trademark owned by the city's NHL club, the Red Wings); Rock City (after the Kiss song "Detroit Rock City"); and The 313 (its telephone area code).

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: Known

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: automotive

text: center

text: Detroit

text: is

text: a

text: metonym

text: for

text: that

text: industry

text: Detroit

text: 's

text: auto

text: industry

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: converted

text: to

text: wartime

text: defense

text: production

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: element

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: Arsenal

text: of

text: Democracy

text: supporting

text: the

text: Allied

text: powers

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: source

text: of

text: popular

text: music

text: legacies

text: celebrated

text: by

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: two

text: familiar

text: nicknames

text: the

text: Motor

text: City

text: and

text: Motown

text: Other

text: nicknames

text: arose

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: including

text: City

text: of

text: Champions

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: for

text: its

text: successes

text: in

text: individual

text: and

text: team

text: sport

text: The

text: D

text: Hockeytown

text: a

text: trademark

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: NHL

text: club

text: the

text: Red

text: Wings

text: Rock

text: City

text: after

text: the

text: Kiss

text: song

text: Detroit

text: Rock

text: City

text: and

text: The

text: its

text: telephone

text: area

text: code

question: What "Arsenal" was Detroit a part of ?

answer: Arsenal of Democracy

text: Arsenal of Democracy

question: What nickname for Detroit recognizes it's musical history?

answer: Motown

text: Motown

question: What is Detroit's area code?

answer: 313

question: Which hockey team is based in Detroit?

answer: Red Wings

text: Red Wings

question: What Kiss song gave Detroit the nickname Rock City?

answer: Detroit Rock City

text: Detroit Rock City


text: When Eisenhower was elected President in 1952, he believed hiring practices and anti-discrimination laws should be decided by the states, although the administration gradually continued to desegregate the Armed Forces and the federal government.:50 The President also established the Government Contract Committee in 1953, which "conducted surveys of the racial composition of federal employees and tax-supported contractors".:50–51 The committee, chaired by Vice President Richard Nixon, had minimal outcomes in that they imposed the contractors with the primary responsibility of desegregation within their own companies and corporations.:51

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: When

text: Eisenhower

text: was

text: elected

text: President

text: in

text: he

text: believed

text: hiring

text: practices

text: and

text: anti

text: discrimination

text: laws

text: should

text: be

text: decided

text: by

text: the

text: states

text: although

text: the

text: administration

text: gradually

text: continued

text: to

text: desegregate

text: the

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: and

text: the

text: federal

text: The

text: President

text: also

text: established

text: the

text: Government

text: Contract

text: Committee

text: in

text: which

text: conducted

text: surveys

text: of

text: the

text: racial

text: composition

text: of

text: federal

text: employees

text: and

text: tax

text: supported

text: The

text: committee

text: chaired

text: by

text: Vice

text: President

text: Richard

text: Nixon

text: had

text: minimal

text: outcomes

text: in

text: that

text: they

text: imposed

text: the

text: contractors

text: with

text: the

text: primary

text: responsibility

text: of

text: desegregation

text: within

text: their

text: own

text: companies

text: and

question: Which year was Eisenhower elected President?

answer: 1952

question: Who did Eisenhower believe should be allowed to decide the nature of discrimination laws?

answer: the states

text: the states

question: What was established in 1953?

answer: Government Contract Committee

text: Government Contract Committee

question: What was the main purpose of the Government Contract Committee?

answer: conducted surveys of the racial composition of federal employees and tax-supported contractors

text: conducted surveys of the racial composition of federal employees and tax-supported contractors

question: Who was the chairman of the newly established committee?

answer: Vice President Richard Nixon

text: Vice President Richard Nixon


text: Since approximately 2000, many parts of downtown New Haven have been revitalized, with new restaurants, nightlife, and small retail stores. In particular, the area surrounding the New Haven Green has experienced an influx of apartments and condominiums. In recent years, downtown retail options have increased with the opening of new stores such as Urban Oufitters, J Crew, Origins, American Apparel, Gant Clothing, and an Apple Store, joining older stores such as Barnes & Noble, Cutlers Records, and Raggs Clothing. In addition, downtown's growing residential population will be served by two new supermarkets, a Stop & Shop just outside downtown and Elm City Market located one block from the Green. The recent turnaround of downtown New Haven has received positive press from various periodicals.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: Since

text: approximately

text: many

text: parts

text: of

text: downtown

text: New

text: Haven

text: have

text: been

text: revitalized

text: with

text: new

text: restaurants

text: nightlife

text: and

text: small

text: retail

text: stores

text: In

text: particular

text: the

text: area

text: surrounding

text: the

text: New

text: Haven

text: Green

text: has

text: experienced

text: an

text: influx

text: of

text: apartments

text: and

text: condominiums

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: downtown

text: retail

text: options

text: have

text: increased

text: with

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: new

text: stores

text: such

text: as

text: Urban

text: Oufitters

text: J

text: Crew

text: Origins

text: American

text: Apparel

text: Gant

text: Clothing

text: and

text: an

text: Apple

text: Store

text: joining

text: older

text: stores

text: such

text: as

text: Barnes

text: Noble

text: Cutlers

text: Records

text: and

text: Raggs

text: Clothing

text: In

text: addition

text: downtown

text: 's

text: growing

text: residential

text: population

text: will

text: be

text: served

text: by

text: two

text: new

text: supermarkets

text: a

text: Stop

text: Shop

text: just

text: outside

text: downtown

text: and

text: Elm

text: City

text: Market

text: located

text: one

text: block

text: from

text: the

text: Green

text: The

text: recent

text: turnaround

text: of

text: downtown

text: New

text: Haven

text: has

text: received

text: positive

text: press

text: from

text: various

text: periodicals

question: In approximately what year did revitalization most recently begin to occur in downtown New Haven?

answer: 2000

question: What specific area of downtown New Haven enjoyed a notable increase in apartments in condominiums at the beginning of the current century?

answer: the area surrounding the New Haven Green

text: the area surrounding the New Haven Green

question: What specific service sector has substantially increased in downtown New Haven in recent years?

answer: retail

text: retail

question: In addition to Stop & Shop, what new supermarket is located one block from the Green and is poised to serve the growing downtown population?

answer: Elm City Market

text: Elm City Market

question: In the 21st Century what has happen to most of Downtown New Haven in terms of retail?

answer: the opening of new stores

text: the opening of new stores

question: How has the media perceive most of these changes to the Downtown area?

answer: positive press from various periodicals.

text: positive press from various periodicals.

question: What has happen in New Haven Green during the 2000s?

answer: experienced an influx of apartments

text: experienced an influx of apartments

question: Including to the growth, what market chain have expanded nearby Downtown New Haven?

answer: Stop & Shop

text: Stop & Shop


text: The oldest brain to have been discovered was in Armenia in the Areni-1 cave complex. The brain, estimated to be over 5,000 years old, was found in the skull of a 12 to 14-year-old girl. Although the brains were shriveled, they were well preserved due to the climate found inside the cave.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: The

text: oldest

text: brain

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: discovered

text: was

text: in

text: Armenia

text: in

text: the

text: cave

text: complex

text: The

text: brain

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: over

text: years

text: old

text: was

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: skull

text: of

text: a

text: to

text: old

text: girl

text: Although

text: the

text: brains

text: were

text: shriveled

text: they

text: were

text: well

text: preserved

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: climate

text: found

text: inside

text: the

text: cave

question: Where was the oldest brain that was found?

answer: Armenia

text: Armenia

question: How old was the oldest brain discovered thought to be?

answer: over 5,000 years old

text: over 5,000 years old

question: The oldest known brain discovered was found in how old of a person?

answer: 12 to 14-year-old

text: 12 to 14-year-old

question: The oldest brain found in a cave was from what gender of human?

answer: girl

text: girl


text: Programming languages provide various ways of specifying programs for computers to run. Unlike natural languages, programming languages are designed to permit no ambiguity and to be concise. They are purely written languages and are often difficult to read aloud. They are generally either translated into machine code by a compiler or an assembler before being run, or translated directly at run time by an interpreter. Sometimes programs are executed by a hybrid method of the two techniques.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: Programming

text: languages

text: provide

text: various

text: ways

text: of

text: specifying

text: programs

text: for

text: computers

text: to

text: run

text: Unlike

text: natural

text: languages

text: programming

text: languages

text: are

text: designed

text: to

text: permit

text: no

text: ambiguity

text: and

text: to

text: be

text: concise

text: They

text: are

text: purely

text: written

text: languages

text: and

text: are

text: often

text: difficult

text: to

text: read

text: aloud

text: They

text: are

text: generally

text: either

text: translated

text: into

text: machine

text: code

text: by

text: a

text: compiler

text: or

text: an

text: assembler

text: before

text: being

text: run

text: or

text: translated

text: directly

text: at

text: run

text: time

text: by

text: an

text: interpreter

text: Sometimes

text: programs

text: are

text: executed

text: by

text: a

text: hybrid

text: method

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: techniques

question: Programming languages are translated into machine code by what?

answer: a compiler or an assembler

text: a compiler or an assembler

question: Programming languages are translated at run time by what?

answer: an interpreter

text: an interpreter


text: One of the problems of the standard electric light bulb is filament notching due to evaporation of the filament. Small variations in resistivity along the filament cause "hot spots" to form at points of higher resistivity; a variation of diameter of only 1% will cause a 25% reduction in service life. These hot spots evaporate faster than the rest of the filament, which increases the resistance at that point—this creates a positive feedback that ends in the familiar tiny gap in an otherwise healthy-looking filament. Irving Langmuir found that an inert gas, instead of vacuum, would retard evaporation. General service incandescent light bulbs over about 25 watts in rating are now filled with a mixture of mostly argon and some nitrogen, or sometimes krypton. Lamps operated on direct current develop random stairstep irregularities on the filament surface which may cut lifespan in half compared to AC operation; different alloys of tungsten and rhenium can be used to counteract the effect.

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: problems

text: of

text: the

text: standard

text: electric

text: light

text: bulb

text: is

text: filament

text: notching

text: due

text: to

text: evaporation

text: of

text: the

text: filament

text: Small

text: variations

text: in

text: resistivity

text: along

text: the

text: filament

text: cause

text: hot

text: spots

text: to

text: form

text: at

text: points

text: of

text: higher

text: resistivity

text: a

text: variation

text: of

text: diameter

text: of

text: only

text: will

text: cause

text: a

text: reduction

text: in

text: service

text: life

text: These

text: hot

text: spots

text: evaporate

text: faster

text: than

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: filament

text: which

text: increases

text: the

text: resistance

text: at

text: that

text: point

text: this

text: creates

text: a

text: positive

text: feedback

text: that

text: ends

text: in

text: the

text: familiar

text: tiny

text: gap

text: in

text: an

text: otherwise

text: healthy

text: looking

text: filament

text: Irving

text: Langmuir

text: found

text: that

text: an

text: inert

text: gas

text: instead

text: of

text: vacuum

text: would

text: retard

text: evaporation

text: General

text: service

text: incandescent

text: light

text: bulbs

text: over

text: about

text: watts

text: in

text: rating

text: are

text: now

text: filled

text: with

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: mostly

text: argon

text: and

text: some

text: nitrogen

text: or

text: sometimes

text: krypton

text: Lamps

text: operated

text: on

text: direct

text: current

text: develop

text: random

text: stairstep

text: irregularities

text: on

text: the

text: filament

text: surface

text: which

text: may

text: cut

text: lifespan

text: in

text: half

text: compared

text: to

text: AC

text: operation

text: different

text: alloys

text: of

text: tungsten

text: and

text: rhenium

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: counteract

text: the

text: effect

question: What is the negative effect of "hot spots" forming on the filament?

answer: a variation of diameter of only 1% will cause a 25% reduction in service life

text: a variation of diameter of only 1% will cause a 25% reduction in service life

question: Who discovered that inert gas could slow evaporation?

answer: Irving Langmuir

text: Irving Langmuir

question: Which gases are typically used in a light bulb?

answer: argon and some nitrogen, or sometimes krypton

text: argon and some nitrogen, or sometimes krypton

question: Which type of alloys can decrease "stairstep" irregularities in light bulb filaments?

answer: alloys of tungsten and rhenium

text: alloys of tungsten and rhenium


text: The enormous success of the show and the revenue it generated was transformative for Fox Broadcasting Company. American Idol and fellow competing shows Survivor and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire were altogether credited for expanding reality television programming in the United States in the 1990s and 2000s, and Idol became the most watched non-scripted primetime television series for almost a decade, from 2003 to 2012, breaking records on U.S. television (dominated by drama shows and sitcoms in the preceding decades).

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: The

text: enormous

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: show

text: and

text: the

text: revenue

text: it

text: generated

text: was

text: transformative

text: for

text: Fox

text: Broadcasting

text: Company

text: American

text: Idol

text: and

text: fellow

text: competing

text: shows

text: Survivor

text: and

text: Who

text: Wants

text: to

text: Be

text: a

text: Millionaire

text: were

text: altogether

text: credited

text: for

text: expanding

text: reality

text: television

text: programming

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: and

text: Idol

text: became

text: the

text: most

text: watched

text: non

text: scripted

text: primetime

text: television

text: series

text: for

text: almost

text: a

text: decade

text: from

text: to

text: breaking

text: records

text: on

text: U.S.

text: television

text: dominated

text: by

text: drama

text: shows

text: and

text: sitcoms

text: in

text: the

text: preceding

text: decades

question: For how many years was American Idol the highest rated reality show on television?

answer: 9


text: Regarding the monastic rules, the Buddha constantly reminds his hearers that it is the spirit that counts. On the other hand, the rules themselves are designed to assure a satisfying life, and provide a perfect springboard for the higher attainments. Monastics are instructed by the Buddha to live as "islands unto themselves". In this sense, living life as the vinaya prescribes it is, as one scholar puts it: "more than merely a means to an end: it is very nearly the end in itself."

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Regarding

text: the

text: monastic

text: rules

text: the

text: Buddha

text: constantly

text: reminds

text: his

text: hearers

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: spirit

text: that

text: counts

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: the

text: rules

text: themselves

text: are

text: designed

text: to

text: assure

text: a

text: satisfying

text: life

text: and

text: provide

text: a

text: perfect

text: springboard

text: for

text: the

text: higher

text: attainments

text: Monastics

text: are

text: instructed

text: by

text: the

text: Buddha

text: to

text: live

text: as

text: islands

text: unto

text: themselves

text: In

text: this

text: sense

text: living

text: life

text: as

text: the

text: vinaya

text: prescribes

text: it

text: is

text: as

text: one

text: scholar

text: puts

text: it

text: more

text: than

text: merely

text: a

text: means

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: it

text: is

text: very

text: nearly

text: the

text: end

text: in

text: itself

question: Regarding the monastic rules, the Buddha reminds his hearers that it is the spirit that what?

answer: counts

text: counts

question: The rules themselves are designed to assure a satisfying what?

answer: life

text: life

question: The rules are a perfect springboard for what?

answer: higher attainments

text: higher attainments

question: Monastics are instructed by the Buddha to live as what?

answer: islands unto themselves

text: islands unto themselves


text: The National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes franchise moved to Raleigh in 1997 from Hartford, Connecticut (where it was known as the Hartford Whalers). The team played its first two seasons more than 60 miles away at Greensboro Coliseum while its home arena, Raleigh Entertainment and Sports Arena (later RBC Center and now PNC Arena), was under construction. The Hurricanes are the only major league (NFL, NHL, NBA, MLB) professional sports team in North Carolina to have won a championship, winning the Stanley Cup in 2006, over the Edmonton Oilers. The city played host to the 2011 NHL All-Star Game.

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

text: The

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: 's

text: Carolina

text: Hurricanes

text: franchise

text: moved

text: to

text: Raleigh

text: in

text: from

text: Hartford

text: Connecticut

text: where

text: it

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Hartford

text: Whalers

text: The

text: team

text: played

text: its

text: first

text: two

text: seasons

text: more

text: than

text: miles

text: away

text: at

text: Greensboro

text: Coliseum

text: while

text: its

text: home

text: arena

text: Raleigh

text: Entertainment

text: and

text: Sports

text: Arena

text: later

text: RBC

text: Center

text: and

text: now

text: PNC

text: Arena

text: was

text: under

text: construction

text: The

text: Hurricanes

text: are

text: the

text: only

text: major

text: league

text: NFL

text: NHL

text: NBA

text: MLB

text: professional

text: sports

text: team

text: in

text: North

text: Carolina

text: to

text: have

text: won

text: a

text: championship

text: winning

text: the

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: in

text: over

text: the

text: Edmonton

text: Oilers

text: The

text: city

text: played

text: host

text: to

text: the

text: NHL

text: All

text: Star

text: Game

question: When did the Carolina Hurricanes start in Raleigh?

answer: 1997

question: Where did the Hurricanes play their first two seasons?

answer: Greensboro Coliseum

text: Greensboro Coliseum

question: What is the home stadium of the Carolina Hurricanes called?

answer: PNC Arena

text: PNC Arena

question: What is the only professional sports team in North Carolina?

answer: National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes

text: National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes

question: When did the Carolina Hurricanes win the Stanley Cup?

answer: 2006


text: Cartooning is most frequently used in making comics, traditionally using ink (especially India ink) with dip pens or ink brushes; mixed media and digital technology have become common. Cartooning techniques such as motion lines and abstract symbols are often employed.

title: Comics

title: Comics

text: Cartooning

text: is

text: most

text: frequently

text: used

text: in

text: making

text: comics

text: traditionally

text: using

text: ink

text: especially

text: India

text: ink

text: with

text: dip

text: pens

text: or

text: ink

text: brushes

text: mixed

text: media

text: and

text: digital

text: technology

text: have

text: become

text: common

text: Cartooning

text: techniques

text: such

text: as

text: motion

text: lines

text: and

text: abstract

text: symbols

text: are

text: often

text: employed

question: What type of ink is often used in making comics?

answer: India ink

text: India ink

question: What method is mostly used in making comics?

answer: Cartooning

text: Cartooning

question: Mixed media and what else are becoming popular for making comics?

answer: digital technology

text: digital technology

question: Motion lines and what are often used in comics?

answer: abstract symbols

text: abstract symbols


text: After the Spanish in the 16th century, the first permanent European settlers of North Carolina were English colonists who migrated south from Virginia. The latter had grown rapidly and land was less available. Nathaniel Batts was documented as one of the first of these Virginian migrants. He settled south of the Chowan River and east of the Great Dismal Swamp in 1655. By 1663, this northeastern area of the Province of Carolina, known as the Albemarle Settlements, was undergoing full-scale English settlement. During the same period, the English monarch Charles II gave the province to the Lords Proprietors, a group of noblemen who had helped restore Charles to the throne in 1660. The new province of "Carolina" was named in honor and memory of King Charles I (Latin: Carolus). In 1712, North Carolina became a separate colony. Except for the Earl Granville holdings, it became a royal colony seventeen years later. A large revolt happened in the state in 1711 known as Cary's Rebellion.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: After

text: the

text: Spanish

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: first

text: permanent

text: European

text: settlers

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: were

text: English

text: colonists

text: who

text: migrated

text: south

text: from

text: Virginia

text: The

text: latter

text: had

text: grown

text: rapidly

text: and

text: land

text: was

text: less

text: available

text: Nathaniel

text: Batts

text: was

text: documented

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: these

text: Virginian

text: migrants

text: He

text: settled

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Chowan

text: River

text: and

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Dismal

text: Swamp

text: in

text: By

text: this

text: northeastern

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: Province

text: of

text: Carolina

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Albemarle

text: Settlements

text: was

text: undergoing

text: full

text: scale

text: English

text: settlement

text: During

text: the

text: same

text: period

text: the

text: English

text: monarch

text: Charles

text: II

text: gave

text: the

text: province

text: to

text: the

text: Lords

text: Proprietors

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: noblemen

text: who

text: had

text: helped

text: restore

text: Charles

text: to

text: the

text: throne

text: in

text: The

text: new

text: province

text: of

text: Carolina

text: was

text: named

text: in

text: honor

text: and

text: memory

text: of

text: King

text: Charles

text: I

text: Latin

text: Carolus

text: In

text: North

text: Carolina

text: became

text: a

text: separate

text: colony

text: Except

text: for

text: the

text: Earl

text: Granville

text: holdings

text: it

text: became

text: a

text: royal

text: colony

text: seventeen

text: years

text: later

text: A

text: large

text: revolt

text: happened

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: in

text: known

text: as

text: Cary

text: 's

text: Rebellion

question: After the Spanish, who were the first Europeans to settle North Carolina?

answer: English colonists

text: English colonists

question: Where did the English colonists that settle North carolina come from?

answer: Virginia

text: Virginia

question: The English colonist  left virginia because of what issue with the land there?

answer: less available

text: less available

question: Who was one of the first Virginian migrants to reach the carolinas?

answer: Nathaniel Batts

text: Nathaniel Batts

question: What year did Nathaniel Battes settle in North Carolina?

answer: 1655


text: Raleigh is an early example in the United States of a planned city, chosen as the site of the state capital in 1788 and incorporated in 1792 as such. The city was originally laid out in a grid pattern with the North Carolina State Capitol in Union Square at the center. In the United States Civil War the city was spared from any significant battle, only falling in the closing days of the war, though it did not escape the economic hardships that plagued the rest of the American South during the Reconstruction Era. The twentieth century saw the opening of the Research Triangle Park in 1959, and with the jobs it created the region and city saw a large influx of population, making it one of the fastest growing communities in the United States by the early 21st century.

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

text: Raleigh

text: is

text: an

text: early

text: example

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: a

text: planned

text: city

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: in

text: and

text: incorporated

text: in

text: as

text: such

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: originally

text: laid

text: out

text: in

text: a

text: grid

text: pattern

text: with

text: the

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: Capitol

text: in

text: Union

text: Square

text: at

text: the

text: center

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Civil

text: War

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: spared

text: from

text: any

text: significant

text: battle

text: only

text: falling

text: in

text: the

text: closing

text: days

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: though

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: escape

text: the

text: economic

text: hardships

text: that

text: plagued

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: South

text: during

text: the

text: Reconstruction

text: Era

text: The

text: twentieth

text: century

text: saw

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: the

text: Research

text: Triangle

text: Park

text: in

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: jobs

text: it

text: created

text: the

text: region

text: and

text: city

text: saw

text: a

text: large

text: influx

text: of

text: population

text: making

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: fastest

text: growing

text: communities

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: century

question: What kind of city is Raleigh?

answer: planned

text: planned

question: What year was it incorporated?

answer: 1792

question: What happened in the 20th century?

answer: Research Triangle Park

text: Research Triangle Park

question: What war was near the city?

answer: Civil War

text: Civil War

question: What type of community is it?

answer: fastest growing

text: fastest growing


text: Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extremely smoothly. This mode of operation is often called microstepping. Computer controlled stepper motors are one of the most versatile forms of positioning systems, particularly when part of a digital servo-controlled system.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: Simple

text: stepper

text: motor

text: drivers

text: entirely

text: energize

text: or

text: entirely

text: de

text: energize

text: the

text: field

text: windings

text: leading

text: the

text: rotor

text: to

text: cog

text: to

text: a

text: limited

text: number

text: of

text: positions

text: more

text: sophisticated

text: drivers

text: can

text: proportionally

text: control

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: the

text: field

text: windings

text: allowing

text: the

text: rotors

text: to

text: position

text: between

text: the

text: cog

text: points

text: and

text: thereby

text: rotate

text: extremely

text: smoothly

text: This

text: mode

text: of

text: operation

text: is

text: often

text: called

text: microstepping

text: Computer

text: controlled

text: stepper

text: motors

text: are

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: versatile

text: forms

text: of

text: positioning

text: systems

text: particularly

text: when

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: digital

text: servo

text: controlled

text: system

question: What is a trait of a sophisticated stepper motor?

answer: proportionally control the power to the field windings

text: proportionally control the power to the field windings

question: What does proportinal control of the field windings in a stepper motor achieve?

answer: rotate extremely smoothly

text: rotate extremely smoothly

question: What is another name for smooth rotation?

answer: microstepping

text: microstepping

question: With what other device are stepper motors most versatile?

answer: digital servo-controlled system

text: digital servo-controlled system


text: Despite losing fan favorite Grace to free agency, and the lack of production from newcomer Todd Hundley, skipper Don Baylor's Cubs put together a good season in 2001. The season started with Mack Newton being brought in to preach "positive thinking." One of the biggest stories of the season transpired as the club made a midseason deal for Fred McGriff, which was drawn out for nearly a month as McGriff debated waiving his no-trade clause, as the Cubs led the wild card race by 2.5 games in early September. That run died when Preston Wilson hit a three run walk off homer off of closer Tom "Flash" Gordon, which halted the team's momentum. The team was unable to make another serious charge, and finished at 88–74, five games behind both Houston and St. Louis, who tied for first. Sosa had perhaps his finest season and Jon Lieber led the staff with a 20 win season.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: Despite

text: losing

text: fan

text: favorite

text: Grace

text: to

text: free

text: agency

text: and

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: production

text: from

text: newcomer

text: Todd

text: Hundley

text: skipper

text: Don

text: Baylor

text: 's

text: Cubs

text: put

text: together

text: a

text: good

text: season

text: in

text: The

text: season

text: started

text: with

text: Mack

text: Newton

text: being

text: brought

text: in

text: to

text: preach

text: positive

text: thinking

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: biggest

text: stories

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: transpired

text: as

text: the

text: club

text: made

text: a

text: midseason

text: deal

text: for

text: Fred

text: McGriff

text: which

text: was

text: drawn

text: out

text: for

text: nearly

text: a

text: month

text: as

text: McGriff

text: debated

text: waiving

text: his

text: no

text: trade

text: clause

text: as

text: the

text: Cubs

text: led

text: the

text: wild

text: card

text: race

text: by

text: games

text: in

text: early

text: September

text: That

text: run

text: died

text: when

text: Preston

text: Wilson

text: hit

text: a

text: three

text: run

text: walk

text: off

text: homer

text: off

text: of

text: closer

text: Tom

text: Flash

text: Gordon

text: which

text: halted

text: the

text: team

text: 's

text: momentum

text: The

text: team

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: make

text: another

text: serious

text: charge

text: and

text: finished

text: at

text: five

text: games

text: behind

text: both

text: Houston

text: and

text: St.

text: Louis

text: who

text: tied

text: for

text: first

text: Sosa

text: had

text: perhaps

text: his

text: finest

text: season

text: and

text: Jon

text: Lieber

text: led

text: the

text: staff

text: with

text: a

text: win

text: season

question: Who put together a good season for the Cubs in 2001?

answer: Don Baylor

text: Don Baylor

question: Who was brought in to preach "positive thinking"?

answer: Mack Newton

text: Mack Newton

question: Who hit a three run walk off homer off of closer Tom "Flash" Gordon?

answer: Preston Wilson

text: Preston Wilson


text: Working closely in conjunction with the definition of the Near East provided by the State Department is the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA), an educational institution of the United States Department of Defense. It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops for government officials and military officers who will work or are working within its region. As the name indicates, that region is a combination of State Department regions; however, NESA is careful to identify the State Department region. As its Near East is not different from the State Department's it does not appear in the table. Its name, however, is not entirely accurate. For example, its region includes Mauritania, a member of the State Department's Africa (Sub-Sahara).

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: Working

text: closely

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: is

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: South

text: Asia

text: Center

text: for

text: Strategic

text: Studies

text: NESA

text: an

text: educational

text: institution

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Department

text: of

text: Defense

text: It

text: teaches

text: courses

text: and

text: holds

text: seminars

text: and

text: workshops

text: for

text: government

text: officials

text: and

text: military

text: officers

text: who

text: will

text: work

text: or

text: are

text: working

text: within

text: its

text: region

text: As

text: the

text: name

text: indicates

text: that

text: region

text: is

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: State

text: Department

text: regions

text: however

text: NESA

text: is

text: careful

text: to

text: identify

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: region

text: As

text: its

text: Near

text: East

text: is

text: not

text: different

text: from

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: 's

text: it

text: does

text: not

text: appear

text: in

text: the

text: table

text: Its

text: name

text: however

text: is

text: not

text: entirely

text: accurate

text: For

text: example

text: its

text: region

text: includes

text: Mauritania

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: 's

text: Africa

text: Sub

text: Sahara

question: Who works closely with the definition of the Near East?

answer: the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA)

text: the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA)

question: What is NESA?

answer: an educational institution of the United States Department of Defense

text: an educational institution of the United States Department of Defense

question: What does NESA Teach?

answer: It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops

text: It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops


text: In the Kingdom of Poland and later in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ennoblement (nobilitacja) may be equated with an individual given legal status as a szlachta (member of the Polish nobility). Initially, this privilege could be granted by monarch, but from the 1641 onward, this right was reserved for the sejm. Most often the individual being ennobled would join an existing noble szlachta clan and assume the undifferentiated coat of arms of that clan.

title: Szlachta

title: Szlachta

text: In

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: Polish

text: Lithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: ennoblement

text: nobilitacja

text: may

text: be

text: equated

text: with

text: an

text: individual

text: given

text: legal

text: status

text: as

text: a

text: szlachta

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: nobility

text: Initially

text: this

text: privilege

text: could

text: be

text: granted

text: by

text: monarch

text: but

text: from

text: the

text: onward

text: this

text: right

text: was

text: reserved

text: for

text: the

text: sejm

text: Most

text: often

text: the

text: individual

text: being

text: ennobled

text: would

text: join

text: an

text: existing

text: noble

text: szlachta

text: clan

text: and

text: assume

text: the

text: undifferentiated

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: of

text: that

text: clan

question: Before 1641 the privileged ennoblement was granted by what?

answer: by monarch

text: by monarch

question: What right was reversed by sijm?

answer: ennoblement

text: ennoblement

question: What would be given to the enobled one?

answer: undifferentiated coat of arms

text: undifferentiated coat of arms

question: After 1641 who was given the privilege of ennoblement?

answer: sejm

text: sejm

question: What clan was given the privileged of enoblement?

answer: szlachta clan

text: szlachta clan


text: Chopin's music is frequently played with rubato, "the practice in performance of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note-values for expressive effect". There are differing opinions as to how much, and what type, of rubato is appropriate for his works. Charles Rosen comments that "most of the written-out indications of rubato in Chopin are to be found in his mazurkas ... It is probable that Chopin used the older form of rubato so important to Mozart ... [where] the melody note in the right hand is delayed until after the note in the bass ... An allied form of this rubato is the arpeggiation of the chords thereby delaying the melody note; according to Chopin's pupil, Karol Mikuli, Chopin was firmly opposed to this practice."

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: music

text: is

text: frequently

text: played

text: with

text: rubato

text: the

text: practice

text: in

text: performance

text: of

text: disregarding

text: strict

text: time

text: robbing

text: some

text: note

text: values

text: for

text: expressive

text: effect

text: There

text: are

text: differing

text: opinions

text: as

text: to

text: how

text: much

text: and

text: what

text: type

text: of

text: rubato

text: is

text: appropriate

text: for

text: his

text: works

text: Charles

text: Rosen

text: comments

text: that

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: written

text: out

text: indications

text: of

text: rubato

text: in

text: Chopin

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: his

text: mazurkas

text: It

text: is

text: probable

text: that

text: Chopin

text: used

text: the

text: older

text: form

text: of

text: rubato

text: so

text: important

text: to

text: Mozart

text: where

text: the

text: melody

text: note

text: in

text: the

text: right

text: hand

text: is

text: delayed

text: until

text: after

text: the

text: note

text: in

text: the

text: bass

text: An

text: allied

text: form

text: of

text: this

text: rubato

text: is

text: the

text: arpeggiation

text: of

text: the

text: chords

text: thereby

text: delaying

text: the

text: melody

text: note

text: according

text: to

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: pupil

text: Karol

text: Mikuli

text: Chopin

text: was

text: firmly

text: opposed

text: to

text: this

text: practice

question: Chopin's compositions are often played with what?

answer: rubato

text: rubato

question: What does rubato mean?

answer: the practice in performance of disregarding strict time

text: the practice in performance of disregarding strict time

question: In Chopin's music where strict timing is disregarded, what is it called?

answer: rubato

text: rubato

question: What type of Chopin's music had the most disregard for strict timing according to Charles Rosen?

answer: mazurkas

text: mazurkas


text: The New Haven area supports several medical facilities that are considered some of the best hospitals in the country. There are two major medical centers downtown: Yale – New Haven Hospital has four pavilions, including the Yale – New Haven Children's Hospital and the Smilow Cancer Hospital; the Hospital of Saint Raphael is several blocks north, and touts its excellent cardiac emergency care program. Smaller downtown health facilities are the Temple Medical Center located downtown on Temple Street, Connecticut Mental Health Center/ across Park Street from Y-NHH, and the Hill Health Center, which serves the working-class Hill neighborhood. A large Veterans Affairs hospital is located in neighboring West Haven. To the west in Milford is Milford Hospital, and to the north in Meriden is the MidState Medical Center.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: The

text: New

text: Haven

text: area

text: supports

text: several

text: medical

text: facilities

text: that

text: are

text: considered

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: hospitals

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: major

text: medical

text: centers

text: downtown

text: Yale

text: New

text: Haven

text: Hospital

text: has

text: four

text: pavilions

text: including

text: the

text: Yale

text: New

text: Haven

text: Children

text: 's

text: Hospital

text: and

text: the

text: Smilow

text: Cancer

text: Hospital

text: the

text: Hospital

text: of

text: Saint

text: Raphael

text: is

text: several

text: blocks

text: north

text: and

text: touts

text: its

text: excellent

text: cardiac

text: emergency

text: care

text: program

text: Smaller

text: downtown

text: health

text: facilities

text: are

text: the

text: Temple

text: Medical

text: Center

text: located

text: downtown

text: on

text: Temple

text: Street

text: Connecticut

text: Mental

text: Health

text: Center/

text: across

text: Park

text: Street

text: from

text: Y

text: NHH

text: and

text: the

text: Hill

text: Health

text: Center

text: which

text: serves

text: the

text: working

text: class

text: Hill

text: neighborhood

text: A

text: large

text: Veterans

text: Affairs

text: hospital

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: neighboring

text: West

text: Haven

text: To

text: the

text: west

text: in

text: Milford

text: is

text: Milford

text: Hospital

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: in

text: Meriden

text: is

text: the

text: MidState

text: Medical

text: Center

question: How many major medical centers are located in downtown New Haven?

answer: two

text: two

question: What overarching New Haven medical center is the Smilow Cancer Hospital a part of?

answer: Yale – New Haven Hospital

text: Yale – New Haven Hospital

question: What hospital in New Haven provides notable cardiac emergency care?

answer: Hospital of Saint Raphael

text: Hospital of Saint Raphael

question: How many pavilions comprise Yale -- New Haven Hospital?

answer: four

text: four

question: What is the mental health facility is located in New Haven?

answer: Connecticut Mental Health Center

text: Connecticut Mental Health Center

question: How many pavilion are part of New Haven Hospital?

answer: four pavilions

text: four pavilions

question: What hospital is located nearby a working class district within the city?

answer: Hill Health Center,

text: Hill Health Center,

question: What is the hospital located north of New Haven in Meriden?

answer: MidState Medical Center

text: MidState Medical Center

question: What is the name of the well known hospital specializes in young children patients?

answer: New Haven Children's Hospital

text: New Haven Children's Hospital

question: What nearby city would you go to for war related injuries?

answer: West Haven

text: West Haven


text: The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom is the ultimate court for criminal and civil matters in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and for civil matters in Scotland. (The supreme court for criminal matters in Scotland is the High Court of Justiciary.) The Supreme Court was established by the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 with effect from 1 October 2009, replacing and assuming the judicial functions of the House of Lords. Devolution issues under the Scotland Act 1998, Government of Wales Act and Northern Ireland Act were also transferred to the new Supreme Court by the Constitutional Reform Act, from the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.

title: Supreme_court

title: Supreme_court

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: is

text: the

text: ultimate

text: court

text: for

text: criminal

text: and

text: civil

text: matters

text: in

text: England

text: Wales

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: and

text: for

text: civil

text: matters

text: in

text: Scotland

text: The

text: supreme

text: court

text: for

text: criminal

text: matters

text: in

text: Scotland

text: is

text: the

text: High

text: Court

text: of

text: Justiciary

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: was

text: established

text: by

text: the

text: Constitutional

text: Reform

text: Act

text: with

text: effect

text: from

text: October

text: replacing

text: and

text: assuming

text: the

text: judicial

text: functions

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Lords

text: Devolution

text: issues

text: under

text: the

text: Scotland

text: Act

text: Government

text: of

text: Wales

text: Act

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Act

text: were

text: also

text: transferred

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: by

text: the

text: Constitutional

text: Reform

text: Act

text: from

text: the

text: Judicial

text: Committee

text: of

text: the

text: Privy

text: Council

question: The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom holds Supremacy in what jurisdictions?

answer: England, Wales and Northern Ireland and for civil matters in Scotland

text: England, Wales and Northern Ireland and for civil matters in Scotland

question: What is the high court in Scotland that has supremacy on criminal matters?

answer: the High Court of Justiciary

text: the High Court of Justiciary

question: What legislation established the Supremacy of the Supreme Court of the UK?

answer: Constitutional Reform Act 2005

text: Constitutional Reform Act 2005

question: When did this act go into affect?

answer: 1 October 2009

text: 1 October 2009

question: What body previously had judicial supremacy in the UK prior to this?

answer: House of Lords

text: House of Lords


text: Identity development is a stage in the adolescent life cycle. For most, the search for identity begins in the adolescent years. During these years, adolescents are more open to 'trying on' different behaviours and appearances to discover who they are. In other words, in an attempt to find their identity and discover who they are adolescents are liking to cycle through a number of identities to find one that suits them best. But, developing and maintaining identity (in adolescent years) is a difficult task due to multiple factors such as family life, environment, and social status. Empirical studies suggest that this process might be more accurately described as identity development, rather than formation, but confirms a normative process of change in both content and structure of one's thoughts about the self. The two main aspects of identity development are self-clarity and self-esteem. Since choices made during adolescent years can influence later life, high levels of self-awareness and self-control during mid-adolescence will lead to better decisions during the transition to adulthood.[citation needed] Researchers have used three general approaches to understanding identity development: self-concept, sense of identity, and self-esteem. The years of adolescence create a more conscientious group of young adults. Adolescents pay close attention and give more time and effort to their appearance as their body goes through changes. Unlike children, teens put forth an effort to look presentable (1991). The environment in which an adolescent grows up also plays an important role in their identity development. Studies done by the American Psychological Association have shown that adolescents with a less privileged upbringing have a more difficult time developing their identity.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Identity

text: development

text: is

text: a

text: stage

text: in

text: the

text: adolescent

text: life

text: cycle

text: For

text: most

text: the

text: search

text: for

text: identity

text: begins

text: in

text: the

text: adolescent

text: years

text: During

text: these

text: years

text: adolescents

text: are

text: more

text: open

text: to

text: trying

text: on

text: different

text: behaviours

text: and

text: appearances

text: to

text: discover

text: who

text: they

text: are

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: find

text: their

text: identity

text: and

text: discover

text: who

text: they

text: are

text: adolescents

text: are

text: liking

text: to

text: cycle

text: through

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: identities

text: to

text: find

text: one

text: that

text: suits

text: them

text: best

text: But

text: developing

text: and

text: maintaining

text: identity

text: in

text: adolescent

text: years

text: is

text: a

text: difficult

text: task

text: due

text: to

text: multiple

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: family

text: life

text: environment

text: and

text: social

text: status

text: Empirical

text: studies

text: suggest

text: that

text: this

text: process

text: might

text: be

text: more

text: accurately

text: described

text: as

text: identity

text: development

text: rather

text: than

text: formation

text: but

text: confirms

text: a

text: normative

text: process

text: of

text: change

text: in

text: both

text: content

text: and

text: structure

text: of

text: one

text: 's

text: thoughts

text: about

text: the

text: self

text: The

text: two

text: main

text: aspects

text: of

text: identity

text: development

text: are

text: self

text: clarity

text: and

text: self

text: esteem

text: Since

text: choices

text: made

text: during

text: adolescent

text: years

text: can

text: influence

text: later

text: life

text: high

text: levels

text: of

text: self

text: awareness

text: and

text: self

text: control

text: during

text: mid

text: adolescence

text: will

text: lead

text: to

text: better

text: decisions

text: during

text: the

text: transition

text: to

text: adulthood.[citation

text: needed

text: Researchers

text: have

text: used

text: three

text: general

text: approaches

text: to

text: understanding

text: identity

text: development

text: self

text: concept

text: sense

text: of

text: identity

text: and

text: self

text: esteem

text: The

text: years

text: of

text: adolescence

text: create

text: a

text: more

text: conscientious

text: group

text: of

text: young

text: adults

text: Adolescents

text: pay

text: close

text: attention

text: and

text: give

text: more

text: time

text: and

text: effort

text: to

text: their

text: appearance

text: as

text: their

text: body

text: goes

text: through

text: changes

text: Unlike

text: children

text: teens

text: put

text: forth

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: look

text: presentable

text: The

text: environment

text: in

text: which

text: an

text: adolescent

text: grows

text: up

text: also

text: plays

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: their

text: identity

text: development

text: Studies

text: done

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: Psychological

text: Association

text: have

text: shown

text: that

text: adolescents

text: with

text: a

text: less

text: privileged

text: upbringing

text: have

text: a

text: more

text: difficult

text: time

text: developing

text: their

text: identity

question: When does the search for identity begin for most individuals?

answer: adolescent years

text: adolescent years

question: What are some factors that make developing and maintaining an identity during the adolescent years a difficult task?

answer: family life, environment, and social status

text: family life, environment, and social status

question: What are two main aspects of identity development?

answer: self-clarity and self-esteem

text: self-clarity and self-esteem

question: What are the three general approaches to understanding identity development?

answer: self-concept, sense of identity, and self-esteem

text: self-concept, sense of identity, and self-esteem

question: Do adolescents with a less privileged upbringing have a more or less difficult time developing their identity?

answer: more difficult

text: more difficult


text: In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cibola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime. In 1564 Rodrigo de Río de Loza, a lieutenant under Francisco de Ibarra, stayed behind after the expedition and found gold at the foot of the mountains of the Sierra Madre Occidental; he founded the first Spanish city in the region, Santa Barbara in 1567 by bringing 400 European families to the settlement. A few years later in 1569 Franciscan missionaries led by Fray Agustín Rodríguez from the coast of Sinaloa and the state of Durango founded the first mission in the state in Valle de San Bartolomé (present-day Valle de Allende). Fray Agustín Rodríguez evangelized the native population until 1581. Between 1586 and 1588 a epidemic caused a temporary exodus of the small population in the territory of Nueva Vizcaya.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: In

text: Francisco

text: de

text: Ibarra

text: headed

text: a

text: personal

text: expedition

text: in

text: search

text: of

text: the

text: mythical

text: cities

text: of

text: Cibola

text: and

text: Quivira

text: he

text: traveled

text: through

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: state

text: of

text: Chihuahua

text: Francisco

text: de

text: Ibarra

text: is

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: the

text: first

text: European

text: to

text: see

text: the

text: ruins

text: of

text: Paquime

text: In

text: Rodrigo

text: de

text: Río

text: de

text: Loza

text: a

text: lieutenant

text: under

text: Francisco

text: de

text: Ibarra

text: stayed

text: behind

text: after

text: the

text: expedition

text: and

text: found

text: gold

text: at

text: the

text: foot

text: of

text: the

text: mountains

text: of

text: the

text: Sierra

text: Madre

text: Occidental

text: he

text: founded

text: the

text: first

text: Spanish

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: Santa

text: Barbara

text: in

text: by

text: bringing

text: European

text: families

text: to

text: the

text: settlement

text: A

text: few

text: years

text: later

text: in

text: Franciscan

text: missionaries

text: led

text: by

text: Fray

text: Agustín

text: Rodríguez

text: from

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Sinaloa

text: and

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Durango

text: founded

text: the

text: first

text: mission

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: in

text: Valle

text: de

text: San

text: Bartolomé

text: present

text: day

text: Valle

text: de

text: Allende

text: Fray

text: Agustín

text: Rodríguez

text: evangelized

text: the

text: native

text: population

text: until

text: Between

text: and

text: a

text: epidemic

text: caused

text: a

text: temporary

text: exodus

text: of

text: the

text: small

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: Nueva

text: Vizcaya

question: Which cities was Ibarra looking for?

answer: Cibola and Quivira

text: Cibola and Quivira

question: Through which present-day state did he travel?

answer: Chihuahua

text: Chihuahua

question: Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of which city?

answer: Paquime

text: Paquime

question: Which was the first Spanish city founded in the region?

answer: Santa Barbara

text: Santa Barbara

question: What caused a temporary exodus from Nueva Vizcaya?

answer: epidemic

text: epidemic


text: Namibia's primary tourism related governing body, the Namibia Tourism Board (NTB), was established by an Act of Parliament: the Namibia Tourism Board Act, 2000 (Act 21 of 2000). Its primary objectives are to regulate the tourism industry and to market Namibia as a tourist destination. There are also a number of trade associations that represent the tourism sector in Namibia, such as the Federation of Namibia Tourism Associations (the umbrella body for all tourism associations in Namibia), the Hospitality Association of Namibia, the Association of Namibian Travel Agents, Car Rental Association of Namibia and the Tour and Safari Association of Namibia.

title: Namibia

title: Namibia

text: Namibia

text: 's

text: primary

text: tourism

text: related

text: governing

text: body

text: the

text: Namibia

text: Tourism

text: Board

text: NTB

text: was

text: established

text: by

text: an

text: Act

text: of

text: Parliament

text: the

text: Namibia

text: Tourism

text: Board

text: Act

text: Act

text: of

text: Its

text: primary

text: objectives

text: are

text: to

text: regulate

text: the

text: tourism

text: industry

text: and

text: to

text: market

text: Namibia

text: as

text: a

text: tourist

text: destination

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: trade

text: associations

text: that

text: represent

text: the

text: tourism

text: sector

text: in

text: Namibia

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Federation

text: of

text: Namibia

text: Tourism

text: Associations

text: the

text: umbrella

text: body

text: for

text: all

text: tourism

text: associations

text: in

text: Namibia

text: the

text: Hospitality

text: Association

text: of

text: Namibia

text: the

text: Association

text: of

text: Namibian

text: Travel

text: Agents

text: Car

text: Rental

text: Association

text: of

text: Namibia

text: and

text: the

text: Tour

text: and

text: Safari

text: Association

text: of

text: Namibia

question: What does NTB stand for?

answer: Namibia Tourism Board

text: Namibia Tourism Board

question: What is act 21 of 2000 in Namibia?

answer: Namibia Tourism Board Act, 2000

text: Namibia Tourism Board Act, 2000

question: What does act 21 in Namibia regulate?

answer: tourism industry

text: tourism industry

question: What market does Act 21 promote?

answer: tourism

text: tourism