text: In the lead up to the Iraq War, Kerry said on October 9, 2002; "I will be voting to give the President of the United States the authority to use force, if necessary, to disarm Saddam Hussein because I believe that a deadly arsenal of weapons of mass destruction in his hands is a real and grave threat to our security." Bush relied on that resolution in ordering the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Kerry also gave a January 23, 2003 speech to Georgetown University saying "Without question, we need to disarm Saddam Hussein. He is a brutal, murderous dictator; leading an oppressive regime he presents a particularly grievous threat because he is so consistently prone to miscalculation. So the threat of Saddam Hussein with weapons of mass destruction is real." Kerry did, however, warn that the administration should exhaust its diplomatic avenues before launching war: "Mr. President, do not rush to war, take the time to build the coalition, because it's not winning the war that's hard, it's winning the peace that's hard."

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: In

text: the

text: lead

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: Iraq

text: War

text: Kerry

text: said

text: on

text: October

text: I

text: will

text: be

text: voting

text: to

text: give

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: authority

text: to

text: use

text: force

text: if

text: necessary

text: to

text: disarm

text: Saddam

text: Hussein

text: because

text: I

text: believe

text: that

text: a

text: deadly

text: arsenal

text: of

text: weapons

text: of

text: mass

text: destruction

text: in

text: his

text: hands

text: is

text: a

text: real

text: and

text: grave

text: threat

text: to

text: our

text: security

text: Bush

text: relied

text: on

text: that

text: resolution

text: in

text: ordering

text: the

text: invasion

text: of

text: Iraq

text: Kerry

text: also

text: gave

text: a

text: January

text: speech

text: to

text: Georgetown

text: University

text: saying

text: Without

text: question

text: we

text: need

text: to

text: disarm

text: Saddam

text: Hussein

text: He

text: is

text: a

text: brutal

text: murderous

text: dictator

text: leading

text: an

text: oppressive

text: regime

text: he

text: presents

text: a

text: particularly

text: grievous

text: threat

text: because

text: he

text: is

text: so

text: consistently

text: prone

text: to

text: miscalculation

text: So

text: the

text: threat

text: of

text: Saddam

text: Hussein

text: with

text: weapons

text: of

text: mass

text: destruction

text: is

text: real

text: Kerry

text: did

text: however

text: warn

text: that

text: the

text: administration

text: should

text: exhaust

text: its

text: diplomatic

text: avenues

text: before

text: launching

text: war

text: Mr.

text: President

text: do

text: not

text: rush

text: to

text: war

text: take

text: the

text: time

text: to

text: build

text: the

text: coalition

text: because

text: it

text: 's

text: not

text: winning

text: the

text: war

text: that

text: 's

text: hard

text: it

text: 's

text: winning

text: the

text: peace

text: that

text: 's

text: hard

question: When did Kerry say he intended to support the Iraq War?

answer: October 9, 2002

text: October 9, 2002

question: When did Bush declare the Iraq war?

answer: 2003

question: Who did Kerry say we should disarm?

answer: Saddam Hussein

text: Saddam Hussein

question: When did Kerry speak at Georgetown University?

answer: January 23, 2003

text: January 23, 2003


text: The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II.

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: The

text: Japanese

text: enlarged

text: administration

text: and

text: appointed

text: local

text: leaders

text: which

text: weakened

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: local

text: traditional

text: leaders

text: Japan

text: also

text: tried

text: to

text: change

text: the

text: social

text: organization

text: in

text: the

text: islands

text: from

text: Matrilineality

text: to

text: the

text: Japanese

text: Patriarchal

text: system

text: but

text: with

text: no

text: success

text: Moreover

text: during

text: the

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: all

text: land

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: high

text: water

text: level

text: was

text: declared

text: the

text: property

text: of

text: the

text: Japanese

text: government

text: On

text: the

text: archipelago

text: before

text: it

text: banned

text: foreign

text: traders

text: the

text: activities

text: of

text: Catholic

text: and

text: Protestant

text: missionaries

text: were

text: allowed

text: Indigenous

text: people

text: were

text: educated

text: in

text: Japanese

text: schools

text: and

text: studied

text: Japanese

text: language

text: and

text: Japanese

text: culture

text: This

text: policy

text: was

text: the

text: government

text: strategy

text: not

text: only

text: in

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: but

text: on

text: all

text: the

text: other

text: mandated

text: territories

text: in

text: Micronesia

text: On

text: March

text: Japan

text: handed

text: in

text: its

text: notice

text: at

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Nations

text: but

text: continued

text: to

text: manage

text: the

text: islands

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: began

text: building

text: air

text: bases

text: on

text: several

text: atolls

text: The

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: were

text: in

text: an

text: important

text: geographical

text: position

text: being

text: the

text: easternmost

text: point

text: in

text: Japan

text: 's

text: defensive

text: ring

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

question: What was the traditional social organization of the Marshall Islanders?

answer: Matrilineality

text: Matrilineality

question: What system of social organization was used in Japan?

answer: the Japanese Patriarchal system

text: the Japanese Patriarchal system

question: On what date did the Japanese leave the League of Nations?

answer: March 27, 1933

text: March 27, 1933

question: What language were Marshall Islanders taught in schools while under Japanese colonial administration?

answer: Japanese

text: Japanese

question: Along with Protestants, missionaries from what denomination were allowed to operate in the Marshalls?

answer: Catholic

text: Catholic


text: As one of the earliest centers of book-printing in Europe (see above: History), Strasbourg for a long time held a large number of incunabula—documents printed before 1500—in her library as one of her most precious heritages. After the total destruction of this institution in 1870, however, a new collection had to be reassembled from scratch. Today, Strasbourg's different public and institutional libraries again display a sizable total number of incunabula, distributed as follows: Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire, ca. 2 098 Médiathèque de la ville et de la communauté urbaine de Strasbourg, 394 Bibliothèque du Grand Séminaire, 238 Médiathèque protestante, 94 and Bibliothèque alsatique du Crédit Mutuel, 5.

title: Strasbourg

title: Strasbourg

text: As

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: centers

text: of

text: book

text: printing

text: in

text: Europe

text: see

text: above

text: History

text: Strasbourg

text: for

text: a

text: long

text: time

text: held

text: a

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: incunabula

text: documents

text: printed

text: before

text: her

text: library

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: her

text: most

text: precious

text: heritages

text: After

text: the

text: total

text: destruction

text: of

text: this

text: institution

text: in

text: however

text: a

text: new

text: collection

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: reassembled

text: from

text: scratch

text: Today

text: Strasbourg

text: 's

text: different

text: public

text: and

text: institutional

text: libraries

text: again

text: display

text: a

text: sizable

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: incunabula

text: distributed

text: as

text: follows

text: Bibliothèque

text: nationale

text: et

text: universitaire

text: ca

text: Médiathèque

text: de

text: la

text: ville

text: et

text: de

text: la

text: communauté

text: urbaine

text: de

text: Strasbourg

text: Bibliothèque

text: du

text: Grand

text: Séminaire

text: Médiathèque

text: protestante

text: and

text: Bibliothèque

text: alsatique

text: du

text: Crédit

text: Mutuel

question: What are incunabula's?

answer: documents printed before 1500

text: documents printed before 1500

question: When was the library destroyed?

answer: 1870

question: What kind of building holds incunabula's today?

answer: public and institutional libraries

text: public and institutional libraries


text: Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters.

title: Database

title: Database

text: Many

text: other

text: databases

text: have

text: application

text: software

text: that

text: accesses

text: the

text: database

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: end

text: users

text: without

text: exposing

text: the

text: DBMS

text: interface

text: directly

text: Application

text: programmers

text: may

text: use

text: a

text: wire

text: protocol

text: directly

text: or

text: more

text: likely

text: through

text: an

text: application

text: programming

text: interface

text: Database

text: designers

text: and

text: database

text: administrators

text: interact

text: with

text: the

text: DBMS

text: through

text: dedicated

text: interfaces

text: to

text: build

text: and

text: maintain

text: the

text: applications

text: databases

text: and

text: thus

text: need

text: some

text: more

text: knowledge

text: and

text: understanding

text: about

text: how

text: DBMSs

text: operate

text: and

text: the

text: DBMSs

text: external

text: interfaces

text: and

text: tuning

text: parameters

question: How are many databases accessed?

answer: application software

text: application software

question: How do administrators work with the DBMS?

answer: through dedicated interfaces

text: through dedicated interfaces

question: What is a way for programmers to use the DBMS?

answer: wire protocol

text: wire protocol


text: In 1959, an international gathering of over 185 judges, lawyers, and law professors from 53 countries, meeting in New Delhi and speaking as the International Commission of Jurists, made a declaration as to the fundamental principle of the rule of law. This was the Declaration of Delhi. They declared that the rule of law implies certain rights and freedoms, that it implies an independent judiciary, and that it implies social, economic and cultural conditions conducive to human dignity. The Declaration of Delhi did not, however, suggest that the rule of law requires legislative power to be subject to judicial review.

title: Rule_of_law

title: Rule_of_law

text: In

text: an

text: international

text: gathering

text: of

text: over

text: judges

text: lawyers

text: and

text: law

text: professors

text: from

text: countries

text: meeting

text: in

text: New

text: Delhi

text: and

text: speaking

text: as

text: the

text: International

text: Commission

text: of

text: Jurists

text: made

text: a

text: declaration

text: as

text: to

text: the

text: fundamental

text: principle

text: of

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: This

text: was

text: the

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Delhi

text: They

text: declared

text: that

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: implies

text: certain

text: rights

text: and

text: freedoms

text: that

text: it

text: implies

text: an

text: independent

text: judiciary

text: and

text: that

text: it

text: implies

text: social

text: economic

text: and

text: cultural

text: conditions

text: conducive

text: to

text: human

text: dignity

text: The

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Delhi

text: did

text: not

text: however

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: requires

text: legislative

text: power

text: to

text: be

text: subject

text: to

text: judicial

text: review

question: When did the Declaration of Delhi happen?

answer: 1959

question: How many judges participated in the Declaration of Delhi?

answer: 185

question: According to the Declaration of Delhi, what provides certain rights and freedoms?

answer: rule of law

text: rule of law

question: According to the Declaration of Delhi, what type of conditions are needed for human dignity?

answer: social, economic and cultural

text: social, economic and cultural


text: Agriculture and forestry have declined in importance over the decades. Nevertheless, they are more important than in the most other areas of Germany, especially within rural regions. 54% of Thuringia's territory is in agricultural use. The fertile basins such as the large Thuringian Basin or the smaller Goldene Aue, Orlasenke and Osterland are in intensive use for growing cereals, vegetables, fruits and energy crops. Important products are apples, strawberries, cherries and plums in the fruit sector, cabbage, potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes (grown in greenhouses), onions, cucumbers and asparagus in the vegetable sector, as well as maize, rapeseed, wheat, barley and sugar beets in the crop sector.

title: Thuringia

title: Thuringia

text: Agriculture

text: and

text: forestry

text: have

text: declined

text: in

text: importance

text: over

text: the

text: decades

text: Nevertheless

text: they

text: are

text: more

text: important

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: most

text: other

text: areas

text: of

text: Germany

text: especially

text: within

text: rural

text: regions

text: of

text: Thuringia

text: 's

text: territory

text: is

text: in

text: agricultural

text: use

text: The

text: fertile

text: basins

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: large

text: Thuringian

text: Basin

text: or

text: the

text: smaller

text: Goldene

text: Aue

text: Orlasenke

text: and

text: Osterland

text: are

text: in

text: intensive

text: use

text: for

text: growing

text: cereals

text: vegetables

text: fruits

text: and

text: energy

text: crops

text: Important

text: products

text: are

text: apples

text: strawberries

text: cherries

text: and

text: plums

text: in

text: the

text: fruit

text: sector

text: cabbage

text: potatoes

text: cauliflower

text: tomatoes

text: grown

text: in

text: greenhouses

text: onions

text: cucumbers

text: and

text: asparagus

text: in

text: the

text: vegetable

text: sector

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: maize

text: rapeseed

text: wheat

text: barley

text: and

text: sugar

text: beets

text: in

text: the

text: crop

text: sector

question: What is something more important to Thuringia than most areas of Germany?

answer: Agriculture and forestry

text: Agriculture and forestry

question: How much of Thuringia's territory is in agricultural use?

answer: 54%

question: What is the largest fertile area of Thuringia?

answer: the large Thuringian Basin

text: the large Thuringian Basin

question: Where do they grow tomatoes in Thuringia?

answer: greenhouses

text: greenhouses

question: Which regions value agriculture most?

answer: rural regions

text: rural regions


text: In the past, Qutb Shahi rulers and Nizams attracted artists, architects and men of letters from different parts of the world through patronage. The resulting ethnic mix popularised cultural events such as mushairas (poetic symposia). The Qutb Shahi dynasty particularly encouraged the growth of Deccani Urdu literature leading to works such as the Deccani Masnavi and Diwan poetry, which are among the earliest available manuscripts in Urdu. Lazzat Un Nisa, a book compiled in the 15th century at Qutb Shahi courts, contains erotic paintings with diagrams for secret medicines and stimulants in the eastern form of ancient sexual arts. The reign of the Nizams saw many literary reforms and the introduction of Urdu as a language of court, administration and education. In 1824, a collection of Urdu Ghazal poetry, named Gulzar-e-Mahlaqa, authored by Mah Laqa Bai—the first female Urdu poet to produce a Diwan—was published in Hyderabad.

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: In

text: the

text: past

text: Qutb

text: Shahi

text: rulers

text: and

text: Nizams

text: attracted

text: artists

text: architects

text: and

text: men

text: of

text: letters

text: from

text: different

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: through

text: patronage

text: The

text: resulting

text: ethnic

text: mix

text: popularised

text: cultural

text: events

text: such

text: as

text: mushairas

text: poetic

text: symposia

text: The

text: Qutb

text: Shahi

text: dynasty

text: particularly

text: encouraged

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: Deccani

text: Urdu

text: literature

text: leading

text: to

text: works

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Deccani

text: Masnavi

text: and

text: Diwan

text: poetry

text: which

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: earliest

text: available

text: manuscripts

text: in

text: Urdu

text: Lazzat

text: Un

text: Nisa

text: a

text: book

text: compiled

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: at

text: Qutb

text: Shahi

text: courts

text: contains

text: erotic

text: paintings

text: with

text: diagrams

text: for

text: secret

text: medicines

text: and

text: stimulants

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: form

text: of

text: ancient

text: sexual

text: arts

text: The

text: reign

text: of

text: the

text: Nizams

text: saw

text: many

text: literary

text: reforms

text: and

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: Urdu

text: as

text: a

text: language

text: of

text: court

text: administration

text: and

text: education

text: In

text: a

text: collection

text: of

text: Urdu

text: Ghazal

text: poetry

text: named

text: Gulzar

text: e

text: Mahlaqa

text: authored

text: by

text: Mah

text: Laqa

text: Bai

text: the

text: first

text: female

text: Urdu

text: poet

text: to

text: produce

text: a

text: Diwan

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: Hyderabad

question: What are mushairas?

answer: poetic symposia

text: poetic symposia

question: Which dynasty supported the Deccani Urdu literature movement?

answer: The Qutb Shahi dynasty

text: The Qutb Shahi dynasty

question: When was Lazzat Un Nisa completed?

answer: the 15th century

text: the 15th century

question: At what location did Lazzat Un Nisa get compiled?

answer: Qutb Shahi courts

text: Qutb Shahi courts

question: Who wrote Gulzar-e-Mahlaqa?

answer: Mah Laqa Bai

text: Mah Laqa Bai


text: James Rassmann, a Green Beret advisor who was aboard Kerry's PCF-94, was knocked overboard when, according to witnesses and the documentation of the event, a mine or rocket exploded close to the boat. According to the documentation for the event, Kerry's arm was injured when he was thrown against a bulkhead during the explosion. PCF 94 returned to the scene and Kerry rescued Rassmann who was receiving sniper fire from the water. Kerry received the Bronze Star Medal with Combat "V" for "heroic achievement", for his actions during this incident; he also received his third Purple Heart.

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: James

text: Rassmann

text: a

text: Green

text: Beret

text: advisor

text: who

text: was

text: aboard

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: was

text: knocked

text: overboard

text: when

text: according

text: to

text: witnesses

text: and

text: the

text: documentation

text: of

text: the

text: event

text: a

text: mine

text: or

text: rocket

text: exploded

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: boat

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: documentation

text: for

text: the

text: event

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: arm

text: was

text: injured

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: thrown

text: against

text: a

text: bulkhead

text: during

text: the

text: explosion

text: PCF

text: returned

text: to

text: the

text: scene

text: and

text: Kerry

text: rescued

text: Rassmann

text: who

text: was

text: receiving

text: sniper

text: fire

text: from

text: the

text: water

text: Kerry

text: received

text: the

text: Bronze

text: Star

text: Medal

text: with

text: Combat

text: V

text: for

text: heroic

text: achievement

text: for

text: his

text: actions

text: during

text: this

text: incident

text: he

text: also

text: received

text: his

text: third

text: Purple

text: Heart

question: What boat was Rassmann on?

answer: PCF-94

question: Who fell overboard from Kerry's boat?

answer: James Rassmann

text: James Rassmann

question: What was Rassmann's job?

answer: a Green Beret advisor

text: a Green Beret advisor

question: What medal did Kerry earn for rescuing Rassmann?

answer: the Bronze Star Medal with Combat "V"

text: the Bronze Star Medal with Combat "V"

question: What does the Combat V mean?

answer: heroic achievement

text: heroic achievement


text: The scientific evidence is mixed as to whether companionship of a dog can enhance human physical health and psychological wellbeing. Studies suggesting that there are benefits to physical health and psychological wellbeing have been criticised for being poorly controlled, and finding that "[t]he health of elderly people is related to their health habits and social supports but not to their ownership of, or attachment to, a companion animal." Earlier studies have shown that people who keep pet dogs or cats exhibit better mental and physical health than those who do not, making fewer visits to the doctor and being less likely to be on medication than non-guardians.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: The

text: scientific

text: evidence

text: is

text: mixed

text: as

text: to

text: whether

text: companionship

text: of

text: a

text: dog

text: can

text: enhance

text: human

text: physical

text: health

text: and

text: psychological

text: wellbeing

text: Studies

text: suggesting

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: benefits

text: to

text: physical

text: health

text: and

text: psychological

text: wellbeing

text: have

text: been

text: criticised

text: for

text: being

text: poorly

text: controlled

text: and

text: finding

text: that

text: t]he

text: health

text: of

text: elderly

text: people

text: is

text: related

text: to

text: their

text: health

text: habits

text: and

text: social

text: supports

text: but

text: not

text: to

text: their

text: ownership

text: of

text: or

text: attachment

text: to

text: a

text: companion

text: animal

text: Earlier

text: studies

text: have

text: shown

text: that

text: people

text: who

text: keep

text: pet

text: dogs

text: or

text: cats

text: exhibit

text: better

text: mental

text: and

text: physical

text: health

text: than

text: those

text: who

text: do

text: not

text: making

text: fewer

text: visits

text: to

text: the

text: doctor

text: and

text: being

text: less

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: medication

text: than

text: non

text: guardians

question: Studies that people are better off with dogs have been criticized for being what?

answer: poorly controlled

text: poorly controlled

question: People who have cats or dogs make fewer visits where?

answer: to the doctor

text: to the doctor


text: As the Reformers wanted all members of the church to be able to read the Bible, education on all levels got a strong boost. By the middle of the eighteenth century, the literacy rate in England was about 60 per cent, in Scotland 65 per cent, and in Sweden eight of ten men and women were able to read and to write. Colleges and universities were founded. For example, the Puritans who established Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1628 founded Harvard College only eight years later. About a dozen other colleges followed in the 18th century, including Yale (1701). Pennsylvania also became a centre of learning.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: As

text: the

text: Reformers

text: wanted

text: all

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: to

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: read

text: the

text: Bible

text: education

text: on

text: all

text: levels

text: got

text: a

text: strong

text: boost

text: By

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: century

text: the

text: literacy

text: rate

text: in

text: England

text: was

text: about

text: per

text: cent

text: in

text: Scotland

text: per

text: cent

text: and

text: in

text: Sweden

text: eight

text: of

text: ten

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: read

text: and

text: to

text: write

text: Colleges

text: and

text: universities

text: were

text: founded

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: Puritans

text: who

text: established

text: Massachusetts

text: Bay

text: Colony

text: in

text: founded

text: Harvard

text: College

text: only

text: eight

text: years

text: later

text: About

text: a

text: dozen

text: other

text: colleges

text: followed

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: including

text: Yale

text: Pennsylvania

text: also

text: became

text: a

text: centre

text: of

text: learning

question: What did Reformers increase so that their followers could read the Bible?

answer: education

text: education

question: In the middle of the eighteenth century, how many Swedes could read and write?

answer: eight of ten men and women

text: eight of ten men and women

question: Who founded Harvard College?

answer: the Puritans

text: the Puritans

question: When was Yale founded?

answer: 1701

question: What state became a hub of learning?

answer: Pennsylvania

text: Pennsylvania


text: Based on the similar shifts underway the nation's economy after 1960, Philadelphia experienced a loss of manufacturing companies and jobs to lower taxed regions of the USA and often overseas. As a result, the economic base of Philadelphia, which had historically been manufacturing, declined significantly. In addition, consolidation in several American industries (retailing, financial services and health care in particular) reduced the number of companies headquartered in Philadelphia. The economic impact of these changes would reduce Philadelphia's tax base and the resources of local government. Philadelphia struggled through a long period of adjustment to these economic changes, coupled with significant demographic change as wealthier residents moved into the nearby suburbs and more immigrants moved into the city. The city in fact approached bankruptcy in the late 1980s. Revitalization began in the 1990s, with gentrification turning around many neighborhoods and reversing its decades-long trend of population loss.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: Based

text: on

text: the

text: similar

text: shifts

text: underway

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: economy

text: after

text: Philadelphia

text: experienced

text: a

text: loss

text: of

text: manufacturing

text: companies

text: and

text: jobs

text: to

text: lower

text: taxed

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: USA

text: and

text: often

text: overseas

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: economic

text: base

text: of

text: Philadelphia

text: which

text: had

text: historically

text: been

text: manufacturing

text: declined

text: significantly

text: In

text: addition

text: consolidation

text: in

text: several

text: American

text: industries

text: retailing

text: financial

text: services

text: and

text: health

text: care

text: in

text: particular

text: reduced

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: companies

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: The

text: economic

text: impact

text: of

text: these

text: changes

text: would

text: reduce

text: Philadelphia

text: 's

text: tax

text: base

text: and

text: the

text: resources

text: of

text: local

text: government

text: Philadelphia

text: struggled

text: through

text: a

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: adjustment

text: to

text: these

text: economic

text: changes

text: coupled

text: with

text: significant

text: demographic

text: change

text: as

text: wealthier

text: residents

text: moved

text: into

text: the

text: nearby

text: suburbs

text: and

text: more

text: immigrants

text: moved

text: into

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: city

text: in

text: fact

text: approached

text: bankruptcy

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: Revitalization

text: began

text: in

text: the

text: with

text: gentrification

text: turning

text: around

text: many

text: neighborhoods

text: and

text: reversing

text: its

text: decades

text: long

text: trend

text: of

text: population

text: loss

question: What was the historical economic base of Philadelphia?

answer: manufacturing

text: manufacturing

question: When did the city near bankruptcy?

answer: late 1980s

text: late 1980s

question: Where did wealthy residents move?

answer: suburbs

text: suburbs

question: Who replaced the wealthy?

answer: immigrants

text: immigrants


text: According to historian Shaye J. D. Cohen, the status of the offspring of mixed marriages was determined patrilineally in the Bible. He brings two likely explanations for the change in Mishnaic times: first, the Mishnah may have been applying the same logic to mixed marriages as it had applied to other mixtures (Kil'ayim). Thus, a mixed marriage is forbidden as is the union of a horse and a donkey, and in both unions the offspring are judged matrilineally. Second, the Tannaim may have been influenced by Roman law, which dictated that when a parent could not contract a legal marriage, offspring would follow the mother.

title: Jews

title: Jews

text: According

text: to

text: historian

text: Shaye

text: J.

text: D.

text: Cohen

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: the

text: offspring

text: of

text: mixed

text: marriages

text: was

text: determined

text: patrilineally

text: in

text: the

text: Bible

text: He

text: brings

text: two

text: likely

text: explanations

text: for

text: the

text: change

text: in

text: Mishnaic

text: times

text: first

text: the

text: Mishnah

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: applying

text: the

text: same

text: logic

text: to

text: mixed

text: marriages

text: as

text: it

text: had

text: applied

text: to

text: other

text: mixtures

text: Kil'ayim

text: Thus

text: a

text: mixed

text: marriage

text: is

text: forbidden

text: as

text: is

text: the

text: union

text: of

text: a

text: horse

text: and

text: a

text: donkey

text: and

text: in

text: both

text: unions

text: the

text: offspring

text: are

text: judged

text: matrilineally

text: Second

text: the

text: Tannaim

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: influenced

text: by

text: Roman

text: law

text: which

text: dictated

text: that

text: when

text: a

text: parent

text: could

text: not

text: contract

text: a

text: legal

text: marriage

text: offspring

text: would

text: follow

text: the

text: mother

question: Who believed the status of the offspring of mixed marriages was determined patrilineally in the Bible?

answer: Shaye J. D. Cohen

text: Shaye J. D. Cohen

question: What dictated that when a parent could not contract a legal marriage, offspring would follow the mother?

answer: Roman law

text: Roman law

question: What is one explanation for the change in Mishnaic times?

answer: the Mishnah may have been applying the same logic to mixed marriages as it had applied to other mixtures

text: the Mishnah may have been applying the same logic to mixed marriages as it had applied to other mixtures


text: In 1841, Léon Escudier wrote of a recital given by Chopin that year, "One may say that Chopin is the creator of a school of piano and a school of composition. In truth, nothing equals the lightness, the sweetness with which the composer preludes on the piano; moreover nothing may be compared to his works full of originality, distinction and grace." Chopin refused to conform to a standard method of playing and believed that there was no set technique for playing well. His style was based extensively on his use of very independent finger technique. In his Projet de méthode he wrote: "Everything is a matter of knowing good fingering ... we need no less to use the rest of the hand, the wrist, the forearm and the upper arm." He further stated: "One needs only to study a certain position of the hand in relation to the keys to obtain with ease the most beautiful quality of sound, to know how to play short notes and long notes, and [to attain] unlimited dexterity." The consequences of this approach to technique in Chopin's music include the frequent use of the entire range of the keyboard, passages in double octaves and other chord groupings, swiftly repeated notes, the use of grace notes, and the use of contrasting rhythms (four against three, for example) between the hands.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: In

text: Léon

text: Escudier

text: wrote

text: of

text: a

text: recital

text: given

text: by

text: Chopin

text: that

text: year

text: One

text: may

text: say

text: that

text: Chopin

text: is

text: the

text: creator

text: of

text: a

text: school

text: of

text: piano

text: and

text: a

text: school

text: of

text: composition

text: In

text: truth

text: nothing

text: equals

text: the

text: lightness

text: the

text: sweetness

text: with

text: which

text: the

text: composer

text: preludes

text: on

text: the

text: piano

text: moreover

text: nothing

text: may

text: be

text: compared

text: to

text: his

text: works

text: full

text: of

text: originality

text: distinction

text: and

text: grace

text: Chopin

text: refused

text: to

text: conform

text: to

text: a

text: standard

text: method

text: of

text: playing

text: and

text: believed

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: set

text: technique

text: for

text: playing

text: well

text: His

text: style

text: was

text: based

text: extensively

text: on

text: his

text: use

text: of

text: very

text: independent

text: finger

text: technique

text: In

text: his

text: Projet

text: de

text: méthode

text: he

text: wrote

text: Everything

text: is

text: a

text: matter

text: of

text: knowing

text: good

text: fingering

text: we

text: need

text: no

text: less

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: hand

text: the

text: wrist

text: the

text: forearm

text: and

text: the

text: upper

text: arm

text: He

text: further

text: stated

text: One

text: needs

text: only

text: to

text: study

text: a

text: certain

text: position

text: of

text: the

text: hand

text: in

text: relation

text: to

text: the

text: keys

text: to

text: obtain

text: with

text: ease

text: the

text: most

text: beautiful

text: quality

text: of

text: sound

text: to

text: know

text: how

text: to

text: play

text: short

text: notes

text: and

text: long

text: notes

text: and

text: to

text: attain

text: unlimited

text: dexterity

text: The

text: consequences

text: of

text: this

text: approach

text: to

text: technique

text: in

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: music

text: include

text: the

text: frequent

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: entire

text: range

text: of

text: the

text: keyboard

text: passages

text: in

text: double

text: octaves

text: and

text: other

text: chord

text: groupings

text: swiftly

text: repeated

text: notes

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: grace

text: notes

text: and

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: contrasting

text: rhythms

text: four

text: against

text: three

text: for

text: example

text: between

text: the

text: hands

question: What was Chopin's style based upon?

answer: independent finger technique

text: independent finger technique

question: Who wrote about a Chopin 1841 recital?

answer: Léon Escudier

text: Léon Escudier

question: What writing of Chopin talks about everything about piano playing has to do with proper fingering?

answer: his Projet de méthode

text: his Projet de méthode


text: While the distribution of Somalis per country in Europe is hard to measure because the Somali community on the continent has grown so quickly in recent years, an official 2010 estimate reported 108,000 Somalis living in the United Kingdom. Somalis in Britain are largely concentrated in the cities of London, Sheffield, Bristol, Birmingham, Cardiff, Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, and Leicester, with London alone accounting for roughly 78% of Britain's Somali population. There are also significant Somali communities in Sweden: 57,906 (2014); the Netherlands: 37,432 (2014); Norway: 38,413 (2015); Denmark: 18,645 (2014); and Finland: 16,721 (2014).

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: While

text: the

text: distribution

text: of

text: Somalis

text: per

text: country

text: in

text: Europe

text: is

text: hard

text: to

text: measure

text: because

text: the

text: Somali

text: community

text: on

text: the

text: continent

text: has

text: grown

text: so

text: quickly

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: an

text: official

text: estimate

text: reported

text: Somalis

text: living

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Somalis

text: in

text: Britain

text: are

text: largely

text: concentrated

text: in

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: London

text: Sheffield

text: Bristol

text: Birmingham

text: Cardiff

text: Liverpool

text: Manchester

text: Leeds

text: and

text: Leicester

text: with

text: London

text: alone

text: accounting

text: for

text: roughly

text: of

text: Britain

text: 's

text: Somali

text: population

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: significant

text: Somali

text: communities

text: in

text: Sweden

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Norway

text: Denmark

text: and

text: Finland

question: About how many Somalis live in the UK?

answer: 108,000

question: What percentage of Somalis living in Britain reside in London?

answer: 78%

question: As of 2014, how many Somalis lived in Sweden?

answer: 57,906

question: In 2014, how many Somalis resided in Norway?

answer: 38,413

question: How many Somalis lived in Finland as of 2014?

answer: 16,721


text: During this period, the island enjoyed increased revenues through the sale of flax, with prices peaking in 1951. However, the industry declined because of transportation costs and competition from synthetic fibres. The decision by the British Post Office to use synthetic fibres for its mailbags was a further blow, contributing to the closure of the island's flax mills in 1965.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: the

text: island

text: enjoyed

text: increased

text: revenues

text: through

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: flax

text: with

text: prices

text: peaking

text: in

text: However

text: the

text: industry

text: declined

text: because

text: of

text: transportation

text: costs

text: and

text: competition

text: from

text: synthetic

text: fibres

text: The

text: decision

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: Post

text: Office

text: to

text: use

text: synthetic

text: fibres

text: for

text: its

text: mailbags

text: was

text: a

text: further

text: blow

text: contributing

text: to

text: the

text: closure

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: flax

text: mills

text: in

question: What did the Island sell for increased revenue during this period?

answer: flax

text: flax

question: What year did flax prices peak?

answer: 1951

question: The British Post Offices decision to use what kind of fibres hurt the flax industry?

answer: synthetic fibres

text: synthetic fibres

question: What year did the Island's flax mills close?

answer: 1965


text: During World War II, Kansas was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission.

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Kansas

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: colleges

text: and

text: universities

text: nationally

text: that

text: took

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: Navy

text: College

text: Training

text: Program

text: which

text: offered

text: students

text: a

text: path

text: to

text: a

text: Navy

text: commission

question: How many institutions participated in the V-12 program?

answer: 131

question: What did the V-12 program provide to interested pupils?

answer: a path to a Navy commission

text: a path to a Navy commission

question: During what event did the V-12 program take place?

answer: World War II

text: World War II


text: Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The Federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors.

title: Communications_in_Somalia

title: Communications_in_Somalia

text: Communications

text: in

text: Somalia

text: encompasses

text: the

text: communications

text: services

text: and

text: capacity

text: of

text: Somalia

text: Telecommunications

text: internet

text: radio

text: print

text: television

text: and

text: postal

text: services

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: are

text: largely

text: concentrated

text: in

text: the

text: private

text: sector

text: Several

text: of

text: the

text: telecom

text: firms

text: have

text: begun

text: expanding

text: their

text: activities

text: abroad

text: The

text: Federal

text: government

text: operates

text: two

text: official

text: radio

text: and

text: television

text: networks

text: which

text: exist

text: alongside

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: private

text: and

text: foreign

text: stations

text: Print

text: media

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: also

text: progressively

text: giving

text: way

text: to

text: news

text: radio

text: stations

text: and

text: online

text: portals

text: as

text: internet

text: connectivity

text: and

text: access

text: increases

text: Additionally

text: the

text: national

text: postal

text: service

text: is

text: slated

text: to

text: be

text: officially

text: relaunched

text: in

text: after

text: a

text: long

text: absence

text: In

text: a

text: National

text: Communications

text: Act

text: was

text: also

text: approved

text: by

text: Cabinet

text: members

text: which

text: lays

text: the

text: foundation

text: for

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: a

text: National

text: Communications

text: regulator

text: in

text: the

text: broadcasting

text: and

text: telecommunications

text: sectors

question: How many official radio and television networks does the government of Somalia operate?

answer: two

text: two

question: Are communication services in Somalia mainly located in the public or private sector?

answer: private

text: private

question: As internet access increases, news media and online portals replace what form of media?

answer: Print media

text: Print media

question: What year was the national postal service of Somalia relaunched?

answer: 2013

question: In 2012, what act was approved to establish a National Communications regulator?

answer: National Communications Act

text: National Communications Act

question: Are communications services in Somalia mostly concentrated in the public or private sector?

answer: private

text: private

question: Communications in Somalia are mostly concentrated in what sector?

answer: private

text: private

question: How many official rado iand TV networks does the governemt of Somalia run?

answer: two

text: two

question: What type of media decreases and internet connectivity increases?

answer: Print media

text: Print media

question: What types of media increases as internet connectivity and access increases?

answer: radio stations and online portals

text: radio stations and online portals

question: What year is the postal service in Somalia set to relaunch?

answer: 2013


text: Other notable places include Elizabeth Fort, the Cork Opera House, Christ Church on South Main Street (now the Triskel Arts Centre and original site of early Hiberno-Norse church), St Mary's Dominican Church on Popes Quay and Fitzgerald's Park to the west of the city, which contains the Cork Public Museum. Other popular tourist attractions include the grounds of University College Cork, through which the River Lee flows, the Women's Gaol at Sundays Well (now a heritage centre) and the English Market. This covered market traces its origins back to 1610, and the present building dates from 1786.

title: Cork_(city)

title: Cork_(city

text: Other

text: notable

text: places

text: include

text: Elizabeth

text: Fort

text: the

text: Cork

text: Opera

text: House

text: Christ

text: Church

text: on

text: South

text: Main

text: Street

text: now

text: the

text: Triskel

text: Arts

text: Centre

text: and

text: original

text: site

text: of

text: early

text: Hiberno

text: Norse

text: church

text: St

text: Mary

text: 's

text: Dominican

text: Church

text: on

text: Popes

text: Quay

text: and

text: Fitzgerald

text: 's

text: Park

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: which

text: contains

text: the

text: Cork

text: Public

text: Museum

text: Other

text: popular

text: tourist

text: attractions

text: include

text: the

text: grounds

text: of

text: University

text: College

text: Cork

text: through

text: which

text: the

text: River

text: Lee

text: flows

text: the

text: Women

text: 's

text: Gaol

text: at

text: Sundays

text: Well

text: now

text: a

text: heritage

text: centre

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: Market

text: This

text: covered

text: market

text: traces

text: its

text: origins

text: back

text: to

text: and

text: the

text: present

text: building

text: dates

text: from

question: What is the name of the college in Cork?

answer: University College Cork

text: University College Cork

question: Which river runs through the university's campus?

answer: River Lee

text: River Lee

question: How old is the building holding the covered market?

answer: present building dates from 1786

text: present building dates from 1786

question: Where is St Mary's Dominican Church?

answer: Popes Quay

text: Popes Quay

question: Where is the Cork Public Museum?

answer: Fitzgerald's Park

text: Fitzgerald's Park


text: These different explorations of 'identity' demonstrate how difficult a concept it is to pin down. Since identity is a virtual thing, it is impossible to define it empirically. Discussions of identity use the term with different meanings, from fundamental and abiding sameness, to fluidity, contingency, negotiated and so on. Brubaker and Cooper note a tendency in many scholars to confuse identity as a category of practice and as a category of analysis (Brubaker & Cooper 2000, p. 5). Indeed, many scholars demonstrate a tendency to follow their own preconceptions of identity, following more or less the frameworks listed above, rather than taking into account the mechanisms by which the concept is crystallised as reality. In this environment, some analysts, such as Brubaker and Cooper, have suggested doing away with the concept completely (Brubaker & Cooper 2000, p. 1). Others, by contrast, have sought to introduce alternative concepts in an attempt to capture the dynamic and fluid qualities of human social self-expression. Hall (1992, 1996), for example, suggests treating identity as a process, to take into account the reality of diverse and ever-changing social experience. Some scholars have introduced the idea of identification, whereby identity is perceived as made up of different components that are 'identified' and interpreted by individuals. The construction of an individual sense of self is achieved by personal choices regarding who and what to associate with. Such approaches are liberating in their recognition of the role of the individual in social interaction and the construction of identity.

title: Identity_(social_science)

title: Identity_(social_science

text: These

text: different

text: explorations

text: of

text: identity

text: demonstrate

text: how

text: difficult

text: a

text: concept

text: it

text: is

text: to

text: pin

text: down

text: Since

text: identity

text: is

text: a

text: virtual

text: thing

text: it

text: is

text: impossible

text: to

text: define

text: it

text: empirically

text: Discussions

text: of

text: identity

text: use

text: the

text: term

text: with

text: different

text: meanings

text: from

text: fundamental

text: and

text: abiding

text: sameness

text: to

text: fluidity

text: contingency

text: negotiated

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: Brubaker

text: and

text: Cooper

text: note

text: a

text: tendency

text: in

text: many

text: scholars

text: to

text: confuse

text: identity

text: as

text: a

text: category

text: of

text: practice

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: category

text: of

text: analysis

text: Brubaker

text: Cooper

text: p.

text: Indeed

text: many

text: scholars

text: demonstrate

text: a

text: tendency

text: to

text: follow

text: their

text: own

text: preconceptions

text: of

text: identity

text: following

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: the

text: frameworks

text: listed

text: above

text: rather

text: than

text: taking

text: into

text: account

text: the

text: mechanisms

text: by

text: which

text: the

text: concept

text: is

text: crystallised

text: as

text: reality

text: In

text: this

text: environment

text: some

text: analysts

text: such

text: as

text: Brubaker

text: and

text: Cooper

text: have

text: suggested

text: doing

text: away

text: with

text: the

text: concept

text: completely

text: Brubaker

text: Cooper

text: p.

text: Others

text: by

text: contrast

text: have

text: sought

text: to

text: introduce

text: alternative

text: concepts

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: capture

text: the

text: dynamic

text: and

text: fluid

text: qualities

text: of

text: human

text: social

text: self

text: expression

text: Hall

text: for

text: example

text: suggests

text: treating

text: identity

text: as

text: a

text: process

text: to

text: take

text: into

text: account

text: the

text: reality

text: of

text: diverse

text: and

text: ever

text: changing

text: social

text: experience

text: Some

text: scholars

text: have

text: introduced

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: identification

text: whereby

text: identity

text: is

text: perceived

text: as

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: different

text: components

text: that

text: are

text: identified

text: and

text: interpreted

text: by

text: individuals

text: The

text: construction

text: of

text: an

text: individual

text: sense

text: of

text: self

text: is

text: achieved

text: by

text: personal

text: choices

text: regarding

text: who

text: and

text: what

text: to

text: associate

text: with

text: Such

text: approaches

text: are

text: liberating

text: in

text: their

text: recognition

text: of

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: the

text: individual

text: in

text: social

text: interaction

text: and

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: identity

question: Many scholars confuse identity as a category of practice and what other category?

answer: category of analysis

text: category of analysis

question: What do many scholars demonstrate a tendency towards?

answer: their own preconceptions of identity

text: their own preconceptions of identity

question: The idea that identity is made of components that are identified by individuals is what idea?

answer: the idea of identification

text: the idea of identification

question: Some scholars try to introduce new concepts to capture the fluid qualities of what?

answer: human social self-expression

text: human social self-expression

question: What is it impossible to do with identity?

answer: define it empirically

text: define it empirically


text: The form of the verb varies with person (first, second and third), number (singular and plural), tense (present and past), and mood (indicative, subjunctive and imperative). Old English also sometimes uses compound constructions to express other verbal aspects, the future and the passive voice; in these we see the beginnings of the compound tenses of Modern English. Old English verbs include strong verbs, which form the past tense by altering the root vowel, and weak verbs, which use a suffix such as -de. As in Modern English, and peculiar to the Germanic languages, the verbs formed two great classes: weak (regular), and strong (irregular). Like today, Old English had fewer strong verbs, and many of these have over time decayed into weak forms. Then, as now, dental suffixes indicated the past tense of the weak verbs, as in work and worked.

title: Old_English

title: Old_English

text: The

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: verb

text: varies

text: with

text: person

text: first

text: second

text: and

text: third

text: number

text: singular

text: and

text: plural

text: tense

text: present

text: and

text: past

text: and

text: mood

text: indicative

text: subjunctive

text: and

text: imperative

text: Old

text: English

text: also

text: sometimes

text: uses

text: compound

text: constructions

text: to

text: express

text: other

text: verbal

text: aspects

text: the

text: future

text: and

text: the

text: passive

text: voice

text: in

text: these

text: we

text: see

text: the

text: beginnings

text: of

text: the

text: compound

text: tenses

text: of

text: Modern

text: English

text: Old

text: English

text: verbs

text: include

text: strong

text: verbs

text: which

text: form

text: the

text: past

text: tense

text: by

text: altering

text: the

text: root

text: vowel

text: and

text: weak

text: verbs

text: which

text: use

text: a

text: suffix

text: such

text: as

text: -de

text: As

text: in

text: Modern

text: English

text: and

text: peculiar

text: to

text: the

text: Germanic

text: languages

text: the

text: verbs

text: formed

text: two

text: great

text: classes

text: weak

text: regular

text: and

text: strong

text: irregular

text: Like

text: today

text: Old

text: English

text: had

text: fewer

text: strong

text: verbs

text: and

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: have

text: over

text: time

text: decayed

text: into

text: weak

text: forms

text: Then

text: as

text: now

text: dental

text: suffixes

text: indicated

text: the

text: past

text: tense

text: of

text: the

text: weak

text: verbs

text: as

text: in

text: work

text: and

text: worked

question: Along with the present, what was a verb tense in Old English?

answer: past

text: past

question: What were the three moods that caused verb variation in Old English?

answer: indicative, subjunctive and imperative

text: indicative, subjunctive and imperative

question: Along with the first and second, what person influenced verb variation in Old English?

answer: third

text: third

question: What is an example of a suffix used by Old English weak verbs?

answer: -de

text: -de

question: How did Old English strong verbs express the past tense?

answer: altering the root vowel

text: altering the root vowel


text: The war has been described as the first "world war", although this label was also given to various earlier conflicts like the Eighty Years' War, the Thirty Years' War, the War of the Spanish Succession and the War of the Austrian Succession, and to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars. The term "Second Hundred Years' War" has been used in order to describe the almost continuous level of world-wide conflict during the entire 18th century, reminiscent of the more famous and compact struggle of the 14th century.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: The

text: war

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: world

text: war

text: although

text: this

text: label

text: was

text: also

text: given

text: to

text: various

text: earlier

text: conflicts

text: like

text: the

text: Eighty

text: Years

text: War

text: the

text: Thirty

text: Years

text: War

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Succession

text: and

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Succession

text: and

text: to

text: later

text: conflicts

text: like

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: The

text: term

text: Second

text: Hundred

text: Years

text: War

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: almost

text: continuous

text: level

text: of

text: world

text: wide

text: conflict

text: during

text: the

text: entire

text: century

text: reminiscent

text: of

text: the

text: more

text: famous

text: and

text: compact

text: struggle

text: of

text: the

text: century

question: What is the grandest label that historians have used to describe the  Seven Years' War?

answer: The war has been described as the first "world war"

text: The war has been described as the first "world war"

question: What does the term "Second Hundred Years' War" describe?

answer: The term "Second Hundred Years' War" has been used in order to describe the almost continuous level of world-wide conflict during the entire 18th century,

text: The term "Second Hundred Years' War" has been used in order to describe the almost continuous level of world-wide conflict during the entire 18th century,

question: What is the precedent for the "Second Hundred Year's War?

answer: reminiscent of the more famous and compact struggle of the 14th century

text: reminiscent of the more famous and compact struggle of the 14th century

question: What was a later conflict that some considered the first World War?

answer: to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars

text: to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars


text: The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the U.S. and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services.

title: Airport

title: Airport

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: airports

text: are

text: non

text: towered

text: with

text: no

text: air

text: traffic

text: control

text: presence

text: Busy

text: airports

text: have

text: air

text: traffic

text: control

text: ATC

text: system

text: All

text: airports

text: use

text: a

text: traffic

text: pattern

text: to

text: assure

text: smooth

text: traffic

text: flow

text: between

text: departing

text: and

text: arriving

text: aircraft

text: There

text: are

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: aids

text: available

text: to

text: pilots

text: though

text: not

text: all

text: airports

text: are

text: equipped

text: with

text: them

text: Many

text: airports

text: have

text: lighting

text: that

text: help

text: guide

text: planes

text: using

text: the

text: runways

text: and

text: taxiways

text: at

text: night

text: or

text: in

text: rain

text: snow

text: or

text: fog

text: In

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: Canada

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: airports

text: large

text: and

text: small

text: will

text: either

text: have

text: some

text: form

text: of

text: automated

text: airport

text: weather

text: station

text: a

text: human

text: observer

text: or

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: Air

text: safety

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: concern

text: in

text: the

text: operation

text: of

text: an

text: airport

text: and

text: airports

text: often

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: safety

text: services

question: What does ATC stand for?

answer: air traffic control

text: air traffic control

question: What do airports use to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft?

answer: traffic pattern

text: traffic pattern

question: What is an important concern in the operation of an airport?

answer: Air safety

text: Air safety


text: A Latin translation of Ibn Tufail's work, Philosophus Autodidactus, first appeared in 1671, prepared by Edward Pococke the Younger, followed by an English translation by Simon Ockley in 1708, as well as German and Dutch translations. These translations might have later inspired Daniel Defoe to write Robinson Crusoe, regarded as the first novel in English. Philosophus Autodidactus, continuing the thoughts of philosophers such as Aristotle from earlier ages, inspired Robert Boyle to write his own philosophical novel set on an island, The Aspiring Naturalist.

title: Muslim_world

title: Muslim_world

text: A

text: Latin

text: translation

text: of

text: Ibn

text: Tufail

text: 's

text: work

text: Philosophus

text: Autodidactus

text: first

text: appeared

text: in

text: prepared

text: by

text: Edward

text: Pococke

text: the

text: Younger

text: followed

text: by

text: an

text: English

text: translation

text: by

text: Simon

text: Ockley

text: in

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: German

text: and

text: Dutch

text: translations

text: These

text: translations

text: might

text: have

text: later

text: inspired

text: Daniel

text: Defoe

text: to

text: write

text: Robinson

text: Crusoe

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: novel

text: in

text: English

text: Philosophus

text: Autodidactus

text: continuing

text: the

text: thoughts

text: of

text: philosophers

text: such

text: as

text: Aristotle

text: from

text: earlier

text: ages

text: inspired

text: Robert

text: Boyle

text: to

text: write

text: his

text: own

text: philosophical

text: novel

text: set

text: on

text: an

text: island

text: The

text: Aspiring

text: Naturalist

question: Which year did a translation of Philosophus Autodidactus in Latin come to be?

answer: 1671

question: Who wrote Robinson Crusoe?

answer: Daniel Defoe

text: Daniel Defoe

question: Who first translated Philosophus Autodidactus into latin?

answer: Edward Pococke the Younger

text: Edward Pococke the Younger

question: Simon Ockley translated Philosophus Autodidactus into English, in what year did he do that?

answer: 1708

question: What book is Robert Boyle believe to have written after being inspired by Philosophus Autodidactus?

answer: The Aspiring Naturalist

text: The Aspiring Naturalist


text: The exact number of speakers of Somali is unknown. One source estimates that there are 7.78 million speakers of Somali in Somalia itself and 12.65 million speakers globally. The Somali language is spoken by ethnic Somalis in Greater Somalia and the Somali diaspora.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: The

text: exact

text: number

text: of

text: speakers

text: of

text: Somali

text: is

text: unknown

text: One

text: source

text: estimates

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: million

text: speakers

text: of

text: Somali

text: in

text: Somalia

text: itself

text: and

text: million

text: speakers

text: globally

text: The

text: Somali

text: language

text: is

text: spoken

text: by

text: ethnic

text: Somalis

text: in

text: Greater

text: Somalia

text: and

text: the

text: Somali

text: diaspora

question: About how many people in Somalia speak Somali?

answer: 7.78 million

text: 7.78 million

question: In millions, about how many global Somali speakers are there?

answer: 12.65

question: Along with Greater Somalia ethnic Somalis, who speaks Somali?

answer: the Somali diaspora

text: the Somali diaspora


text: In some ways similar to the laser turntable is the IRENE scanning machine for disc records, which images with microphotography in two dimensions, invented by a team of physicists at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. IRENE will retrieve the information from a laterally modulated monaural grooved sound source without touching the medium itself, but cannot read vertically modulated information. This excludes grooved recordings such as cylinders and some radio transcriptions that feature a hill-and-dale format of recording, and stereophonic or quadraphonic grooved recordings, which utilize a combination of the two as well as supersonic encoding for quadraphonic.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: In

text: some

text: ways

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: laser

text: turntable

text: is

text: the

text: IRENE

text: scanning

text: machine

text: for

text: disc

text: records

text: which

text: images

text: with

text: microphotography

text: in

text: two

text: dimensions

text: invented

text: by

text: a

text: team

text: of

text: physicists

text: at

text: Lawrence

text: Berkeley

text: Laboratories

text: IRENE

text: will

text: retrieve

text: the

text: information

text: from

text: a

text: laterally

text: modulated

text: monaural

text: grooved

text: sound

text: source

text: without

text: touching

text: the

text: medium

text: itself

text: but

text: can

text: not

text: read

text: vertically

text: modulated

text: information

text: This

text: excludes

text: grooved

text: recordings

text: such

text: as

text: cylinders

text: and

text: some

text: radio

text: transcriptions

text: that

text: feature

text: a

text: hill

text: and

text: dale

text: format

text: of

text: recording

text: and

text: stereophonic

text: or

text: quadraphonic

text: grooved

text: recordings

text: which

text: utilize

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: supersonic

text: encoding

text: for

text: quadraphonic

question: Who is Irene?

answer: scanning machine for disc records

text: scanning machine for disc records

question: Where was IRENE developed?

answer: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories

text: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories

question: What is the primary use of IRENE?

answer: retrieve the information

text: retrieve the information

question: Can IRENE read vertically modulated information?

answer: cannot read vertically modulated information

text: cannot read vertically modulated information

question: Does IRENE require the  ability to touch the media?

answer: without touching the medium

text: without touching the medium


text: Organized crime has long been associated with New York City, beginning with the Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards in the Five Points in the 1820s. The 20th century saw a rise in the Mafia, dominated by the Five Families, as well as in gangs, including the Black Spades. The Mafia presence has declined in the city in the 21st century.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Organized

text: crime

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: associated

text: with

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: beginning

text: with

text: the

text: Forty

text: Thieves

text: and

text: the

text: Roach

text: Guards

text: in

text: the

text: Five

text: Points

text: in

text: the

text: The

text: century

text: saw

text: a

text: rise

text: in

text: the

text: Mafia

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: Five

text: Families

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: gangs

text: including

text: the

text: Black

text: Spades

text: The

text: Mafia

text: presence

text: has

text: declined

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: century

question: The first major crime groups in NYC were in the 1820s known as what?

answer: Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards

text: Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards

question: What group controlled the Mafia in New York in the 20th century?

answer: the Five Families

text: the Five Families

question: The Forth Thieves and Roach Guards were two gangs that operated in what area of New York in the 1820s?

answer: the Five Points

text: the Five Points

question: What was a notable 20th century gang in New York?

answer: the Black Spades

text: the Black Spades


text: To prevent further loss of groundwater, Tucson has been involved in water conservation and groundwater preservation efforts, shifting away from its reliance on a series of Tucson area wells in favor of conservation, consumption-based pricing for residential and commercial water use, and new wells in the more sustainable Avra Valley aquifer, northwest of the city. An allocation from the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct (CAP), which passes more than 300 mi (480 km) across the desert from the Colorado River, has been incorporated into the city's water supply, annually providing over 20 million gallons of "recharged" water which is pumped into the ground to replenish water pumped out. Since 2001, CAP water has allowed the city to remove or turn off over 80 wells.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: To

text: prevent

text: further

text: loss

text: of

text: groundwater

text: Tucson

text: has

text: been

text: involved

text: in

text: water

text: conservation

text: and

text: groundwater

text: preservation

text: efforts

text: shifting

text: away

text: from

text: its

text: reliance

text: on

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: Tucson

text: area

text: wells

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: conservation

text: consumption

text: based

text: pricing

text: for

text: residential

text: and

text: commercial

text: water

text: use

text: and

text: new

text: wells

text: in

text: the

text: more

text: sustainable

text: Avra

text: Valley

text: aquifer

text: northwest

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: An

text: allocation

text: from

text: the

text: Central

text: Arizona

text: Project

text: Aqueduct

text: CAP

text: which

text: passes

text: more

text: than

text: mi

text: km

text: across

text: the

text: desert

text: from

text: the

text: Colorado

text: River

text: has

text: been

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: water

text: supply

text: annually

text: providing

text: over

text: million

text: gallons

text: of

text: recharged

text: water

text: which

text: is

text: pumped

text: into

text: the

text: ground

text: to

text: replenish

text: water

text: pumped

text: out

text: Since

text: CAP

text: water

text: has

text: allowed

text: the

text: city

text: to

text: remove

text: or

text: turn

text: off

text: over

text: wells

question: What is the CAP?

answer: Central Arizona Project Aqueduct

text: Central Arizona Project Aqueduct

question: How long is the CAP?

answer: more than 300 mi (480 km)

text: more than 300 mi (480 km)

question: What water source feeds the CAP?

answer: Colorado River

text: Colorado River

question: What aquifer is Tucson starting new wells in?

answer: Avra Valley aquifer

text: Avra Valley aquifer

question: How many wells has Tucson stopped using since 2001?

answer: over 80

text: over 80


text: That said, the score does not provide complete and exact instructions on how to perform a historical work. Even if the tempo is written with an Italian instruction (e.g., Allegro), we do not know exactly how fast the piece should be played. As well, in the Baroque era, many works that were designed for basso continuo accompaniment do not specify which instruments should play the accompaniment or exactly how the chordal instrument (harpsichord, lute, etc.) should play the chords, which are not notated in the part (only a figured bass symbol beneath the bass part is used to guide the chord-playing performer). The performer and/or the conductor have a range of options for musical expression and interpretation of a scored piece, including the phrasing of melodies, the time taken during fermatas (held notes) or pauses, and the use (or choice not to use) of effects such as vibrato or glissando (these effects are possible on various stringed, brass and woodwind instruments and with the human voice).

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: That

text: said

text: the

text: score

text: does

text: not

text: provide

text: complete

text: and

text: exact

text: instructions

text: on

text: how

text: to

text: perform

text: a

text: historical

text: work

text: Even

text: if

text: the

text: tempo

text: is

text: written

text: with

text: an

text: Italian

text: instruction

text: e.g.

text: Allegro

text: we

text: do

text: not

text: know

text: exactly

text: how

text: fast

text: the

text: piece

text: should

text: be

text: played

text: As

text: well

text: in

text: the

text: Baroque

text: era

text: many

text: works

text: that

text: were

text: designed

text: for

text: basso

text: continuo

text: accompaniment

text: do

text: not

text: specify

text: which

text: instruments

text: should

text: play

text: the

text: accompaniment

text: or

text: exactly

text: how

text: the

text: chordal

text: instrument

text: harpsichord

text: lute

text: etc

text: should

text: play

text: the

text: chords

text: which

text: are

text: not

text: notated

text: in

text: the

text: part

text: only

text: a

text: figured

text: bass

text: symbol

text: beneath

text: the

text: bass

text: part

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: guide

text: the

text: chord

text: playing

text: performer

text: The

text: performer

text: and/or

text: the

text: conductor

text: have

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: options

text: for

text: musical

text: expression

text: and

text: interpretation

text: of

text: a

text: scored

text: piece

text: including

text: the

text: phrasing

text: of

text: melodies

text: the

text: time

text: taken

text: during

text: fermatas

text: held

text: notes

text: or

text: pauses

text: and

text: the

text: use

text: or

text: choice

text: not

text: to

text: use

text: of

text: effects

text: such

text: as

text: vibrato

text: or

text: glissando

text: these

text: effects

text: are

text: possible

text: on

text: various

text: stringed

text: brass

text: and

text: woodwind

text: instruments

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: human

text: voice

question: The score does not provide complete and exact instruction on how to do what?

answer: perform a historical work

text: perform a historical work

question: In what era were many works designed for basso continuo accompaniment?

answer: the Baroque era

text: the Baroque era

question: Vibrato and glissando are possible on stringed, brass, woodwind and what other style instrument?

answer: the human voice

text: the human voice

question: What are fermatas?

answer: held notes

text: held notes


text: Chthonic gods such as Dis pater, the di inferi ("gods below"), and the collective shades of the departed (di Manes) were given dark, fertile victims in nighttime rituals. Animal sacrifice usually took the form of a holocaust or burnt offering, and there was no shared banquet, as "the living cannot share a meal with the dead". Ceres and other underworld goddesses of fruitfulness were sometimes offered pregnant female animals; Tellus was given a pregnant cow at the Fordicidia festival. Color had a general symbolic value for sacrifices. Demigods and heroes, who belonged to the heavens and the underworld, were sometimes given black-and-white victims. Robigo (or Robigus) was given red dogs and libations of red wine at the Robigalia for the protection of crops from blight and red mildew.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: Chthonic

text: gods

text: such

text: as

text: Dis

text: pater

text: the

text: di

text: inferi

text: gods

text: below

text: and

text: the

text: collective

text: shades

text: of

text: the

text: departed

text: di

text: Manes

text: were

text: given

text: dark

text: fertile

text: victims

text: in

text: nighttime

text: rituals

text: Animal

text: sacrifice

text: usually

text: took

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: holocaust

text: or

text: burnt

text: offering

text: and

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: shared

text: banquet

text: as

text: the

text: living

text: can

text: not

text: share

text: a

text: meal

text: with

text: the

text: dead

text: Ceres

text: and

text: other

text: underworld

text: goddesses

text: of

text: fruitfulness

text: were

text: sometimes

text: offered

text: pregnant

text: female

text: animals

text: Tellus

text: was

text: given

text: a

text: pregnant

text: cow

text: at

text: the

text: Fordicidia

text: festival

text: Color

text: had

text: a

text: general

text: symbolic

text: value

text: for

text: sacrifices

text: Demigods

text: and

text: heroes

text: who

text: belonged

text: to

text: the

text: heavens

text: and

text: the

text: underworld

text: were

text: sometimes

text: given

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: victims

text: Robigo

text: or

text: Robigus

text: was

text: given

text: red

text: dogs

text: and

text: libations

text: of

text: red

text: wine

text: at

text: the

text: Robigalia

text: for

text: the

text: protection

text: of

text: crops

text: from

text: blight

text: and

text: red

text: mildew

question: When were the gods below and the dead celebrated?

answer: nighttime

text: nighttime

question: What type of sacrifice victims were the dark gods offered?

answer: dark, fertile

text: dark, fertile

question: How was the sacrifice to the gods below handled?

answer: burnt offering

text: burnt offering

question: What daylight event was not celebrated after the dark sacrifice?

answer: shared banquet

text: shared banquet

question: What feature had importance in sacrifices?

answer: Color

text: Color


text: In 1950 Egypt closed the Suez Canal to Israeli shipping and tensions mounted as armed clashes took place along Israel's borders. During the 1950s, Israel was frequently attacked by Palestinian fedayeen, nearly always against civilians, mainly from the Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip, leading to several Israeli counter-raids. In 1956, Great Britain and France aimed at regaining control of the Suez Canal, which the Egyptians had nationalized (see the Suez Crisis). The continued blockade of the Suez Canal and Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping, together with the growing amount of Fedayeen attacks against Israel's southern population, and recent Arab grave and threatening statements, prompted Israel to attack Egypt. Israel joined a secret alliance with Great Britain and France and overran the Sinai Peninsula but was pressured to withdraw by the United Nations in return for guarantees of Israeli shipping rights in the Red Sea via the Straits of Tiran and the Canal[citation needed]. The war resulted in significant reduction of Israeli border infiltration.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: In

text: Egypt

text: closed

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: to

text: Israeli

text: shipping

text: and

text: tensions

text: mounted

text: as

text: armed

text: clashes

text: took

text: place

text: along

text: Israel

text: 's

text: borders

text: During

text: the

text: Israel

text: was

text: frequently

text: attacked

text: by

text: Palestinian

text: fedayeen

text: nearly

text: always

text: against

text: civilians

text: mainly

text: from

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: occupied

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: leading

text: to

text: several

text: Israeli

text: counter

text: raids

text: In

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: aimed

text: at

text: regaining

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: which

text: the

text: Egyptians

text: had

text: nationalized

text: see

text: the

text: Suez

text: Crisis

text: The

text: continued

text: blockade

text: of

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: and

text: Straits

text: of

text: Tiran

text: to

text: Israeli

text: shipping

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: growing

text: amount

text: of

text: Fedayeen

text: attacks

text: against

text: Israel

text: 's

text: southern

text: population

text: and

text: recent

text: Arab

text: grave

text: and

text: threatening

text: statements

text: prompted

text: Israel

text: to

text: attack

text: Egypt

text: Israel

text: joined

text: a

text: secret

text: alliance

text: with

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: and

text: overran

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: but

text: was

text: pressured

text: to

text: withdraw

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: guarantees

text: of

text: Israeli

text: shipping

text: rights

text: in

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: via

text: the

text: Straits

text: of

text: Tiran

text: and

text: the

text: Canal[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: war

text: resulted

text: in

text: significant

text: reduction

text: of

text: Israeli

text: border

text: infiltration

question: When did Egypt close the Suez Canal to Israel?

answer: 1950

question: Who was Israel frequently attacked by?

answer: Palestinian fedayeen

text: Palestinian fedayeen

question: What did the war result in?

answer: significant reduction of Israeli border infiltration

text: significant reduction of Israeli border infiltration


text: St. John's has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb), with lower seasonal variation than normal for the latitude, which is due to Gulf Stream moderation. However, despite this maritime moderation, average January high temperatures are actually slightly colder in St. John's than it is in Kelowna, British Columbia, which is an inland city that is near the more marine air of the Pacific, demonstrating the cold nature of Eastern Canada. Mean temperatures range from −4.9 °C (23.2 °F) in February to 16.1 °C (61.0 °F) in August, showing somewhat of a seasonal lag in the climate. The city is also one of the areas of the country most prone to tropical cyclone activity, as it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, where tropical storms (and sometimes hurricanes) travel from the United States. The city is one of the rainiest in Canada outside of coastal British Columbia. This is partly due to its propensity for tropical storm activity as well as moist, Atlantic air frequently blowing ashore and creating precipitation.

title: St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador

title: St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador

text: St.

text: John

text: 's

text: has

text: a

text: humid

text: continental

text: climate

text: Köppen

text: Dfb

text: with

text: lower

text: seasonal

text: variation

text: than

text: normal

text: for

text: the

text: latitude

text: which

text: is

text: due

text: to

text: Gulf

text: Stream

text: moderation

text: However

text: despite

text: this

text: maritime

text: moderation

text: average

text: January

text: high

text: temperatures

text: are

text: actually

text: slightly

text: colder

text: in

text: St.

text: John

text: 's

text: than

text: it

text: is

text: in

text: Kelowna

text: British

text: Columbia

text: which

text: is

text: an

text: inland

text: city

text: that

text: is

text: near

text: the

text: more

text: marine

text: air

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: demonstrating

text: the

text: cold

text: nature

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Canada

text: Mean

text: temperatures

text: range

text: from

text: C

text: F

text: in

text: February

text: to

text: C

text: F

text: in

text: August

text: showing

text: somewhat

text: of

text: a

text: seasonal

text: lag

text: in

text: the

text: climate

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: most

text: prone

text: to

text: tropical

text: cyclone

text: activity

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: where

text: tropical

text: storms

text: and

text: sometimes

text: hurricanes

text: travel

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: rainiest

text: in

text: Canada

text: outside

text: of

text: coastal

text: British

text: Columbia

text: This

text: is

text: partly

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: propensity

text: for

text: tropical

text: storm

text: activity

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: moist

text: Atlantic

text: air

text: frequently

text: blowing

text: ashore

text: and

text: creating

text: precipitation

question: How is the climate in St. John's?

answer: humid

text: humid

question: In which province is Kelowna located?

answer: British Columbia

text: British Columbia

question: Which Canadian city is the most rainiest?

answer: British Columbia

text: British Columbia

question: What body of water is to the east of St. John?

answer: Atlantic Ocean

text: Atlantic Ocean

question: From where do tropical storms travel from to St. John's?

answer: United States

text: United States


text: Calls are used for a variety of purposes, including mate attraction, evaluation of potential mates, bond formation, the claiming and maintenance of territories, the identification of other individuals (such as when parents look for chicks in colonies or when mates reunite at the start of breeding season), and the warning of other birds of potential predators, sometimes with specific information about the nature of the threat. Some birds also use mechanical sounds for auditory communication. The Coenocorypha snipes of New Zealand drive air through their feathers, woodpeckers drum territorially, and palm cockatoos use tools to drum.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: Calls

text: are

text: used

text: for

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: purposes

text: including

text: mate

text: attraction

text: evaluation

text: of

text: potential

text: mates

text: bond

text: formation

text: the

text: claiming

text: and

text: maintenance

text: of

text: territories

text: the

text: identification

text: of

text: other

text: individuals

text: such

text: as

text: when

text: parents

text: look

text: for

text: chicks

text: in

text: colonies

text: or

text: when

text: mates

text: reunite

text: at

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: breeding

text: season

text: and

text: the

text: warning

text: of

text: other

text: birds

text: of

text: potential

text: predators

text: sometimes

text: with

text: specific

text: information

text: about

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: threat

text: Some

text: birds

text: also

text: use

text: mechanical

text: sounds

text: for

text: auditory

text: communication

text: The

text: Coenocorypha

text: snipes

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: drive

text: air

text: through

text: their

text: feathers

text: woodpeckers

text: drum

text: territorially

text: and

text: palm

text: cockatoos

text: use

text: tools

text: to

text: drum

question: What do some birds use for auditory communication?

answer: mechanical sounds

text: mechanical sounds

question: What do birds use for evaluation of potential mates and mate attraction?

answer: Calls

text: Calls

question: Which birds drum territorially?

answer: woodpeckers

text: woodpeckers

question: Which type of birds use tools to drum?

answer: palm

text: palm


text: In inorganic chemistry, hydrides can also serve as bridging ligands that link two metal centers in a coordination complex. This function is particularly common in group 13 elements, especially in boranes (boron hydrides) and aluminium complexes, as well as in clustered carboranes.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: In

text: inorganic

text: chemistry

text: hydrides

text: can

text: also

text: serve

text: as

text: bridging

text: ligands

text: that

text: link

text: two

text: metal

text: centers

text: in

text: a

text: coordination

text: complex

text: This

text: function

text: is

text: particularly

text: common

text: in

text: group

text: elements

text: especially

text: in

text: boranes

text: boron

text: hydrides

text: and

text: aluminium

text: complexes

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: clustered

text: carboranes

question: What chemistry do hydrides serve as bridging ligands?

answer: inorganic chemistry

text: inorganic chemistry

question: What do hydrides that are bridging ligands link up?

answer: link two metal centers

text: link two metal centers

question: What group is briging ligands most common in?

answer: group 13

text: group 13


text: In the 1982 Falklands War, the Argentine armed forces deployed the newest west European weapons including the Oerlikon GDF-002 35 mm twin cannon and SAM Roland. The Rapier missile system was the primary GBAD system, used by both British artillery and RAF regiment, a few brand-new FIM-92 Stinger were used by British special forces. Both sides also used the Blowpipe missile. British naval missiles used included Sea Dart and the older Sea Slug longer range systems, Sea Cat and the new Sea Wolf short range systems. Machine guns in AA mountings was used both ashore and afloat.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: In

text: the

text: Falklands

text: War

text: the

text: Argentine

text: armed

text: forces

text: deployed

text: the

text: newest

text: west

text: European

text: weapons

text: including

text: the

text: Oerlikon

text: mm

text: twin

text: cannon

text: and

text: SAM

text: Roland

text: The

text: Rapier

text: missile

text: system

text: was

text: the

text: primary

text: GBAD

text: system

text: used

text: by

text: both

text: British

text: artillery

text: and

text: RAF

text: regiment

text: a

text: few

text: brand

text: new

text: Stinger

text: were

text: used

text: by

text: British

text: special

text: forces

text: Both

text: sides

text: also

text: used

text: the

text: Blowpipe

text: missile

text: British

text: naval

text: missiles

text: used

text: included

text: Sea

text: Dart

text: and

text: the

text: older

text: Sea

text: Slug

text: longer

text: range

text: systems

text: Sea

text: Cat

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: Sea

text: Wolf

text: short

text: range

text: systems

text: Machine

text: guns

text: in

text: AA

text: mountings

text: was

text: used

text: both

text: ashore

text: and

text: afloat

question: In what war did the armed forces from Argentina use the SAM Roland?

answer: 1982 Falklands War

text: 1982 Falklands War

question: What two units used the Rapier missile system?

answer: British artillery and RAF regiment

text: British artillery and RAF regiment

question: What older system did the British naval use?

answer: Sea Slug longer range systems

text: Sea Slug longer range systems

question: What new short range systems did the British naval use?

answer: Sea Wolf

text: Sea Wolf

question: What was used in AA mountings on both land and water?

answer: Machine guns

text: Machine guns


text: Dell sells personal computers (PCs), servers, data storage devices, network switches, software, computer peripherals, HDTVs, cameras, printers, MP3 players, and electronics built by other manufacturers. The company is well known for its innovations in supply chain management and electronic commerce, particularly its direct-sales model and its "build-to-order" or "configure to order" approach to manufacturing—delivering individual PCs configured to customer specifications. Dell was a pure hardware vendor for much of its existence, but with the acquisition in 2009 of Perot Systems, Dell entered the market for IT services. The company has since made additional acquisitions in storage and networking systems, with the aim of expanding their portfolio from offering computers only to delivering complete solutions for enterprise customers.

title: Dell

title: Dell

text: Dell

text: sells

text: personal

text: computers

text: PCs

text: servers

text: data

text: storage

text: devices

text: network

text: switches

text: software

text: computer

text: peripherals

text: HDTVs

text: cameras

text: printers

text: players

text: and

text: electronics

text: built

text: by

text: other

text: manufacturers

text: The

text: company

text: is

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: innovations

text: in

text: supply

text: chain

text: management

text: and

text: electronic

text: commerce

text: particularly

text: its

text: direct

text: sales

text: model

text: and

text: its

text: build

text: to

text: order

text: or

text: configure

text: to

text: order

text: approach

text: to

text: manufacturing

text: delivering

text: individual

text: PCs

text: configured

text: to

text: customer

text: specifications

text: Dell

text: was

text: a

text: pure

text: hardware

text: vendor

text: for

text: much

text: of

text: its

text: existence

text: but

text: with

text: the

text: acquisition

text: in

text: of

text: Perot

text: Systems

text: Dell

text: entered

text: the

text: market

text: for

text: IT

text: services

text: The

text: company

text: has

text: since

text: made

text: additional

text: acquisitions

text: in

text: storage

text: and

text: networking

text: systems

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: expanding

text: their

text: portfolio

text: from

text: offering

text: computers

text: only

text: to

text: delivering

text: complete

text: solutions

text: for

text: enterprise

text: customers

question: Innovations in what kind of management is Dell known for?

answer: supply chain

text: supply chain

question: What sales model did Dell follow?

answer: direct-sales

text: direct-sales

question: For the majority of Dell's existence, what were they a vendor of?

answer: hardware

text: hardware

question: What company did Dell acquire in 2009?

answer: Perot Systems

text: Perot Systems

question: What market did Dell begin to compete in in 2009?

answer: IT services

text: IT services