text: Possible improvements include clarification of clinical trial regulations by FDA. Furthermore, appropriate economic incentives could persuade pharmaceutical companies to invest in this endeavor. Antibiotic Development to Advance Patient Treatment (ADAPT) Act aims to fast track the drug development to combat the growing threat of 'superbugs'. Under this Act, FDA can approve antibiotics and antifungals treating life-threatening infections based on smaller clinical trials. The CDC will monitor the use of antibiotics and the emerging resistance, and publish the data. The FDA antibiotics labeling process, 'Susceptibility Test Interpretive Criteria for Microbial Organisms' or 'breakpoints', will provide accurate data to healthcare professionals. According to Allan Coukell, senior director for health programs at The Pew Charitable Trusts, "By allowing drug developers to rely on smaller datasets, and clarifying FDA's authority to tolerate a higher level of uncertainty for these drugs when making a risk/benefit calculation, ADAPT would make the clinical trials more feasible."

title: Antibiotics

title: Antibiotics

text: Possible

text: improvements

text: include

text: clarification

text: of

text: clinical

text: trial

text: regulations

text: by

text: FDA

text: Furthermore

text: appropriate

text: economic

text: incentives

text: could

text: persuade

text: pharmaceutical

text: companies

text: to

text: invest

text: in

text: this

text: endeavor

text: Antibiotic

text: Development

text: to

text: Advance

text: Patient

text: Treatment

text: ADAPT

text: Act

text: aims

text: to

text: fast

text: track

text: the

text: drug

text: development

text: to

text: combat

text: the

text: growing

text: threat

text: of

text: superbugs

text: Under

text: this

text: Act

text: FDA

text: can

text: approve

text: antibiotics

text: and

text: antifungals

text: treating

text: life

text: threatening

text: infections

text: based

text: on

text: smaller

text: clinical

text: trials

text: The

text: CDC

text: will

text: monitor

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: antibiotics

text: and

text: the

text: emerging

text: resistance

text: and

text: publish

text: the

text: data

text: The

text: FDA

text: antibiotics

text: labeling

text: process

text: Susceptibility

text: Test

text: Interpretive

text: Criteria

text: for

text: Microbial

text: Organisms

text: or

text: breakpoints

text: will

text: provide

text: accurate

text: data

text: to

text: healthcare

text: professionals

text: According

text: to

text: Allan

text: Coukell

text: senior

text: director

text: for

text: health

text: programs

text: at

text: The

text: Pew

text: Charitable

text: Trusts

text: By

text: allowing

text: drug

text: developers

text: to

text: rely

text: on

text: smaller

text: datasets

text: and

text: clarifying

text: FDA

text: 's

text: authority

text: to

text: tolerate

text: a

text: higher

text: level

text: of

text: uncertainty

text: for

text: these

text: drugs

text: when

text: making

text: a

text: risk

text: benefit

text: calculation

text: ADAPT

text: would

text: make

text: the

text: clinical

text: trials

text: more

text: feasible

question: Who regulates antibiotic approval?

answer: FDA

text: FDA

question: What could help to spur pharmaceuticals to make new antibiotics?

answer: economic incentives

text: economic incentives

question: What are resistant bacteria called in the media?

answer: superbugs

text: superbugs

question: Who is a director at the Pew Charitable Trusts?

answer: Allan Coukell,

text: Allan Coukell,


text: Jordanes tells us that the Sclaveni had swamps and forests for their cities. Another 6th-century source refers to them living among nearly impenetrable forests, rivers, lakes, and marshes.

title: Slavs

title: Slavs

text: Jordanes

text: tells

text: us

text: that

text: the

text: Sclaveni

text: had

text: swamps

text: and

text: forests

text: for

text: their

text: cities

text: Another

text: century

text: source

text: refers

text: to

text: them

text: living

text: among

text: nearly

text: impenetrable

text: forests

text: rivers

text: lakes

text: and

text: marshes

question: Who tells us that the Sclaveni had swamps and forests for their cities?

answer: Jordanes

text: Jordanes

question: Who had swamps and forests for their cities?

answer: the Sclaveni

text: the Sclaveni

question: A 6th-century source refers to the Sclaveni as living where?

answer: among nearly impenetrable forests, rivers, lakes, and marshes

text: among nearly impenetrable forests, rivers, lakes, and marshes


text: A potential important influence on adolescence is change of the family dynamic, specifically divorce. With the divorce rate up to about 50%, divorce is common and adds to the already great amount of change in adolescence. Custody disputes soon after a divorce often reflect a playing out of control battles and ambivalence between parents. Divorce usually results in less contact between the adolescent and their noncustodial parent. In extreme cases of instability and abuse in homes, divorce can have a positive effect on families due to less conflict in the home. However, most research suggests a negative effect on adolescence as well as later development. A recent study found that, compared with peers who grow up in stable post-divorce families, children of divorce who experience additional family transitions during late adolescence, make less progress in their math and social studies performance over time. Another recent study put forth a new theory entitled the adolescent epistemological trauma theory, which posited that traumatic life events such as parental divorce during the formative period of late adolescence portend lifelong effects on adult conflict behavior that can be mitigated by effective behavioral assessment and training. A parental divorce during childhood or adolescence continues to have a negative effect when a person is in his or her twenties and early thirties. These negative effects include romantic relationships and conflict style, meaning as adults, they are more likely to use the styles of avoidance and competing in conflict management.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: A

text: potential

text: important

text: influence

text: on

text: adolescence

text: is

text: change

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: dynamic

text: specifically

text: divorce

text: With

text: the

text: divorce

text: rate

text: up

text: to

text: about

text: divorce

text: is

text: common

text: and

text: adds

text: to

text: the

text: already

text: great

text: amount

text: of

text: change

text: in

text: adolescence

text: Custody

text: disputes

text: soon

text: after

text: a

text: divorce

text: often

text: reflect

text: a

text: playing

text: out

text: of

text: control

text: battles

text: and

text: ambivalence

text: between

text: parents

text: Divorce

text: usually

text: results

text: in

text: less

text: contact

text: between

text: the

text: adolescent

text: and

text: their

text: noncustodial

text: parent

text: In

text: extreme

text: cases

text: of

text: instability

text: and

text: abuse

text: in

text: homes

text: divorce

text: can

text: have

text: a

text: positive

text: effect

text: on

text: families

text: due

text: to

text: less

text: conflict

text: in

text: the

text: home

text: However

text: most

text: research

text: suggests

text: a

text: negative

text: effect

text: on

text: adolescence

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: later

text: development

text: A

text: recent

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: compared

text: with

text: peers

text: who

text: grow

text: up

text: in

text: stable

text: post

text: divorce

text: families

text: children

text: of

text: divorce

text: who

text: experience

text: additional

text: family

text: transitions

text: during

text: late

text: adolescence

text: make

text: less

text: progress

text: in

text: their

text: math

text: and

text: social

text: studies

text: performance

text: over

text: time

text: Another

text: recent

text: study

text: put

text: forth

text: a

text: new

text: theory

text: entitled

text: the

text: adolescent

text: epistemological

text: trauma

text: theory

text: which

text: posited

text: that

text: traumatic

text: life

text: events

text: such

text: as

text: parental

text: divorce

text: during

text: the

text: formative

text: period

text: of

text: late

text: adolescence

text: portend

text: lifelong

text: effects

text: on

text: adult

text: conflict

text: behavior

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: mitigated

text: by

text: effective

text: behavioral

text: assessment

text: and

text: training

text: A

text: parental

text: divorce

text: during

text: childhood

text: or

text: adolescence

text: continues

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: negative

text: effect

text: when

text: a

text: person

text: is

text: in

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: twenties

text: and

text: early

text: thirties

text: These

text: negative

text: effects

text: include

text: romantic

text: relationships

text: and

text: conflict

text: style

text: meaning

text: as

text: adults

text: they

text: are

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: styles

text: of

text: avoidance

text: and

text: competing

text: in

text: conflict

text: management

question: What is the current divorce rate?

answer: about 50%

text: about 50%

question: Does divorce usually result in more or less contact with the noncustodial parent?

answer: less

text: less

question: What new theory states that traumatic events during adolescence have lifelong effects?

answer: epistemological trauma theory

text: epistemological trauma theory

question: Does a parental divorce during childhood or adulthood have a positive or negative effect on a person during early adulthood?

answer: negative

text: negative


text: The Districts of Germany (Kreise) are administrative districts, and every state except the city-states of Berlin, Hamburg, and Bremen consists of "rural districts" (Landkreise), District-free Towns/Cities (Kreisfreie Städte, in Baden-Württemberg also called "urban districts", or Stadtkreise), cities that are districts in their own right, or local associations of a special kind (Kommunalverbände besonderer Art), see below. The state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen consists of two urban districts, while Berlin and Hamburg are states and urban districts at the same time.

title: States_of_Germany

title: States_of_Germany

text: The

text: Districts

text: of

text: Germany

text: Kreise

text: are

text: administrative

text: districts

text: and

text: every

text: state

text: except

text: the

text: city

text: states

text: of

text: Berlin

text: Hamburg

text: and

text: Bremen

text: consists

text: of

text: rural

text: districts

text: Landkreise

text: District

text: free

text: Towns

text: Cities

text: Kreisfreie

text: Städte

text: in

text: Baden

text: Württemberg

text: also

text: called

text: urban

text: districts

text: or

text: Stadtkreise

text: cities

text: that

text: are

text: districts

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: right

text: or

text: local

text: associations

text: of

text: a

text: special

text: kind

text: Kommunalverbände

text: besonderer

text: Art

text: see

text: below

text: The

text: state

text: Free

text: Hanseatic

text: City

text: of

text: Bremen

text: consists

text: of

text: two

text: urban

text: districts

text: while

text: Berlin

text: and

text: Hamburg

text: are

text: states

text: and

text: urban

text: districts

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

question: What are the districts of Germany considered?

answer: administrative districts

text: administrative districts

question: Every state, other than the free states, consist of districts called what?

answer: "rural districts"

text: "rural districts"

question: How many urban districts are in Bremen?

answer: two

text: two

question: Berlin and Hamburg are states and what else at the same time?

answer: urban districts

text: urban districts


text: As a child, young Bell displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. His best friend was Ben Herdman, a neighbor whose family operated a flour mill, the scene of many forays. Young Bell asked what needed to be done at the mill. He was told wheat had to be dehusked through a laborious process and at the age of 12, Bell built a homemade device that combined rotating paddles with sets of nail brushes, creating a simple dehusking machine that was put into operation and used steadily for a number of years. In return, John Herdman gave both boys the run of a small workshop in which to "invent".

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: As

text: a

text: child

text: young

text: Bell

text: displayed

text: a

text: natural

text: curiosity

text: about

text: his

text: world

text: resulting

text: in

text: gathering

text: botanical

text: specimens

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: experimenting

text: even

text: at

text: an

text: early

text: age

text: His

text: best

text: friend

text: was

text: Ben

text: Herdman

text: a

text: neighbor

text: whose

text: family

text: operated

text: a

text: flour

text: mill

text: the

text: scene

text: of

text: many

text: forays

text: Young

text: Bell

text: asked

text: what

text: needed

text: to

text: be

text: done

text: at

text: the

text: mill

text: He

text: was

text: told

text: wheat

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: dehusked

text: through

text: a

text: laborious

text: process

text: and

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: Bell

text: built

text: a

text: homemade

text: device

text: that

text: combined

text: rotating

text: paddles

text: with

text: sets

text: of

text: nail

text: brushes

text: creating

text: a

text: simple

text: dehusking

text: machine

text: that

text: was

text: put

text: into

text: operation

text: and

text: used

text: steadily

text: for

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: years

text: In

text: return

text: John

text: Herdman

text: gave

text: both

text: boys

text: the

text: run

text: of

text: a

text: small

text: workshop

text: in

text: which

text: to

text: invent

question: What sort of things did Bell collect as a child?

answer: botanical specimens

text: botanical specimens

question: Who was Bell's closest friend as a child?

answer: Ben Herdman

text: Ben Herdman

question: What sort of mill did Bell's neighbors run?

answer: flour

text: flour

question: Bell's dehusking machine combined what with nail brushes?

answer: rotating paddles

text: rotating paddles

question: What was Bell's reward for his dehusking machine?

answer: small workshop

text: small workshop


text: USAF rank is divided between enlisted airmen, non-commissioned officers, and commissioned officers, and ranges from the enlisted Airman Basic (E-1) to the commissioned officer rank of General (O-10). Enlisted promotions are granted based on a combination of test scores, years of experience, and selection board approval while officer promotions are based on time-in-grade and a promotion selection board. Promotions among enlisted personnel and non-commissioned officers are generally designated by increasing numbers of insignia chevrons. Commissioned officer rank is designated by bars, oak leaves, a silver eagle, and anywhere from one to four stars (one to five stars in war-time).[citation needed]

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: USAF

text: rank

text: is

text: divided

text: between

text: enlisted

text: airmen

text: non

text: commissioned

text: officers

text: and

text: commissioned

text: officers

text: and

text: ranges

text: from

text: the

text: enlisted

text: Airman

text: Basic

text: to

text: the

text: commissioned

text: officer

text: rank

text: of

text: General

text: Enlisted

text: promotions

text: are

text: granted

text: based

text: on

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: test

text: scores

text: years

text: of

text: experience

text: and

text: selection

text: board

text: approval

text: while

text: officer

text: promotions

text: are

text: based

text: on

text: time

text: in

text: grade

text: and

text: a

text: promotion

text: selection

text: board

text: Promotions

text: among

text: enlisted

text: personnel

text: and

text: non

text: commissioned

text: officers

text: are

text: generally

text: designated

text: by

text: increasing

text: numbers

text: of

text: insignia

text: chevrons

text: Commissioned

text: officer

text: rank

text: is

text: designated

text: by

text: bars

text: oak

text: leaves

text: a

text: silver

text: eagle

text: and

text: anywhere

text: from

text: one

text: to

text: four

text: stars

text: one

text: to

text: five

text: stars

text: in

text: war

text: time).[citation

text: needed

question: What groups is the USAF rank divided amoung?

answer: enlisted airmen, non-commissioned officers, and commissioned officers

text: enlisted airmen, non-commissioned officers, and commissioned officers

question: How are Enlisted promotions in the USAF decided?

answer: based on a combination of test scores, years of experience, and selection board approval

text: based on a combination of test scores, years of experience, and selection board approval

question: How are Officer promotions within the USAF decided?

answer: based on time-in-grade and a promotion selection board

text: based on time-in-grade and a promotion selection board

question: How is a Commissioned Officer's rank shown?

answer: designated by bars, oak leaves, a silver eagle, and anywhere from one to four stars

text: designated by bars, oak leaves, a silver eagle, and anywhere from one to four stars


text: Infractions of the rules are punished with penalties, typically a loss of yardage of 5, 10 or 15 yards against the penalized team. Minor violations such as offside (a player from either side encroaching into scrimmage zone before the play starts) are penalized five yards, more serious penalties (such as holding) are penalized 10 yards, and severe violations of the rules (such as face-masking) are typically penalized 15 yards. Depending on the penalty, the penalty yardage may be assessed from the original line of scrimmage, from where the violation occurred (for example, for a pass interference infraction), or from where the ball ended after the play. Penalties on the offence may, or may not, result in a loss of down; penalties on the defence may result in a first down being automatically awarded to the offence. For particularly severe conduct, the game official(s) may eject players (ejected players may be substituted for), or in exceptional cases, declare the game over and award victory to one side or the other. Penalties do not affect the yard line which the offence must reach to gain a first down (unless the penalty results in a first down being awarded); if a penalty against the defence results in the first down yardage being attained, then the offence is awarded a first down.

title: Canadian_football

title: Canadian_football

text: Infractions

text: of

text: the

text: rules

text: are

text: punished

text: with

text: penalties

text: typically

text: a

text: loss

text: of

text: yardage

text: of

text: or

text: yards

text: against

text: the

text: penalized

text: team

text: Minor

text: violations

text: such

text: as

text: offside

text: a

text: player

text: from

text: either

text: side

text: encroaching

text: into

text: scrimmage

text: zone

text: before

text: the

text: play

text: starts

text: are

text: penalized

text: five

text: yards

text: more

text: serious

text: penalties

text: such

text: as

text: holding

text: are

text: penalized

text: yards

text: and

text: severe

text: violations

text: of

text: the

text: rules

text: such

text: as

text: face

text: masking

text: are

text: typically

text: penalized

text: yards

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: penalty

text: the

text: penalty

text: yardage

text: may

text: be

text: assessed

text: from

text: the

text: original

text: line

text: of

text: scrimmage

text: from

text: where

text: the

text: violation

text: occurred

text: for

text: example

text: for

text: a

text: pass

text: interference

text: infraction

text: or

text: from

text: where

text: the

text: ball

text: ended

text: after

text: the

text: play

text: Penalties

text: on

text: the

text: offence

text: may

text: or

text: may

text: not

text: result

text: in

text: a

text: loss

text: of

text: down

text: penalties

text: on

text: the

text: defence

text: may

text: result

text: in

text: a

text: first

text: down

text: being

text: automatically

text: awarded

text: to

text: the

text: offence

text: For

text: particularly

text: severe

text: conduct

text: the

text: game

text: official(s

text: may

text: eject

text: players

text: ejected

text: players

text: may

text: be

text: substituted

text: for

text: or

text: in

text: exceptional

text: cases

text: declare

text: the

text: game

text: over

text: and

text: award

text: victory

text: to

text: one

text: side

text: or

text: the

text: other

text: Penalties

text: do

text: not

text: affect

text: the

text: yard

text: line

text: which

text: the

text: offence

text: must

text: reach

text: to

text: gain

text: a

text: first

text: down

text: unless

text: the

text: penalty

text: results

text: in

text: a

text: first

text: down

text: being

text: awarded

text: if

text: a

text: penalty

text: against

text: the

text: defence

text: results

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: down

text: yardage

text: being

text: attained

text: then

text: the

text: offence

text: is

text: awarded

text: a

text: first

text: down

question: What is the usual penalty when the rules of play are violated?

answer: loss of yardage

text: loss of yardage

question: How many yards does a team lose when they commit a minor penalty?

answer: five

text: five

question: How many yards does a team lose for face-masking?

answer: 15

question: What other than yardage is sometimes awarded the offence on a defensive penalty?

answer: first down

text: first down


text: The House of Representatives, whose members are elected to serve five-year terms, specialises in legislation. Elections were last held between November 2011 and January 2012 which was later dissolved. The next parliamentary election will be held within 6 months of the constitution's ratification on 18 January 2014. Originally, the parliament was to be formed before the president was elected, but interim president Adly Mansour pushed the date. The Egyptian presidential election, 2014, took place on 26–28 May 2014. Official figures showed a turnout of 25,578,233 or 47.5%, with Abdel Fattah el-Sisi winning with 23.78 million votes, or 96.91% compared to 757,511 (3.09%) for Hamdeen Sabahi.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: The

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: whose

text: members

text: are

text: elected

text: to

text: serve

text: five

text: year

text: terms

text: specialises

text: in

text: legislation

text: Elections

text: were

text: last

text: held

text: between

text: November

text: and

text: January

text: which

text: was

text: later

text: dissolved

text: The

text: next

text: parliamentary

text: election

text: will

text: be

text: held

text: within

text: months

text: of

text: the

text: constitution

text: 's

text: ratification

text: on

text: January

text: Originally

text: the

text: parliament

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: formed

text: before

text: the

text: president

text: was

text: elected

text: but

text: interim

text: president

text: Adly

text: Mansour

text: pushed

text: the

text: date

text: The

text: Egyptian

text: presidential

text: election

text: took

text: place

text: on

text: May

text: Official

text: figures

text: showed

text: a

text: turnout

text: of

text: or

text: with

text: Abdel

text: Fattah

text: el

text: Sisi

text: winning

text: with

text: million

text: votes

text: or

text: compared

text: to

text: for

text: Hamdeen

text: Sabahi

question: What branch of government are the House of Representatives focused on?

answer: legislation

text: legislation

question: What percent of votes did el-Sisi get?

answer: 96.91%

question: What tems do House of Representatives serve?

answer: five-year terms

text: five-year terms

question: Who came in second place in election for Egypt president to es-Sisi?

answer: Hamdeen Sabahi

text: Hamdeen Sabahi


text: A number of decoy towns were constructed in Somerset in World War II to protect Bristol and other towns, at night. They were designed to mimic the geometry of "blacked out" streets, railway lines, and Bristol Temple Meads railway station, to encourage bombers away from these targets. One, on the radio beam flight path to Bristol, was constructed on Beacon Batch. It was laid out by Shepperton Studios, based on aerial photographs of the city's railway marshalling yards. The decoys were fitted with dim red lights, simulating activities like the stoking of steam locomotives. Burning bales of straw soaked in creosote were used to simulate the effects of incendiary bombs dropped by the first wave of Pathfinder night bombers; meanwhile, incendiary bombs dropped on the correct location were quickly smothered, wherever possible. Drums of oil were also ignited to simulate the effect of a blazing city or town, with the aim of fooling subsequent waves of bombers into dropping their bombs on the wrong location. The Chew Magna decoy town was hit by half-a-dozen bombs on 2 December 1940, and over a thousand incendiaries on 3 January 1941. The following night the Uphill decoy town, protecting Weston-super-Mare's airfield, was bombed; a herd of dairy cows was hit, killing some and severely injuring others.

title: Somerset

title: Somerset

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: decoy

text: towns

text: were

text: constructed

text: in

text: Somerset

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: to

text: protect

text: Bristol

text: and

text: other

text: towns

text: at

text: night

text: They

text: were

text: designed

text: to

text: mimic

text: the

text: geometry

text: of

text: blacked

text: out

text: streets

text: railway

text: lines

text: and

text: Bristol

text: Temple

text: Meads

text: railway

text: station

text: to

text: encourage

text: bombers

text: away

text: from

text: these

text: targets

text: One

text: on

text: the

text: radio

text: beam

text: flight

text: path

text: to

text: Bristol

text: was

text: constructed

text: on

text: Beacon

text: Batch

text: It

text: was

text: laid

text: out

text: by

text: Shepperton

text: Studios

text: based

text: on

text: aerial

text: photographs

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: railway

text: marshalling

text: yards

text: The

text: decoys

text: were

text: fitted

text: with

text: dim

text: red

text: lights

text: simulating

text: activities

text: like

text: the

text: stoking

text: of

text: steam

text: locomotives

text: Burning

text: bales

text: of

text: straw

text: soaked

text: in

text: creosote

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: simulate

text: the

text: effects

text: of

text: incendiary

text: bombs

text: dropped

text: by

text: the

text: first

text: wave

text: of

text: Pathfinder

text: night

text: bombers

text: meanwhile

text: incendiary

text: bombs

text: dropped

text: on

text: the

text: correct

text: location

text: were

text: quickly

text: smothered

text: wherever

text: possible

text: Drums

text: of

text: oil

text: were

text: also

text: ignited

text: to

text: simulate

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: a

text: blazing

text: city

text: or

text: town

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: fooling

text: subsequent

text: waves

text: of

text: bombers

text: into

text: dropping

text: their

text: bombs

text: on

text: the

text: wrong

text: location

text: The

text: Chew

text: Magna

text: decoy

text: town

text: was

text: hit

text: by

text: half

text: a

text: dozen

text: bombs

text: on

text: December

text: and

text: over

text: a

text: thousand

text: incendiaries

text: on

text: January

text: The

text: following

text: night

text: the

text: Uphill

text: decoy

text: town

text: protecting

text: Weston

text: super

text: Mare

text: 's

text: airfield

text: was

text: bombed

text: a

text: herd

text: of

text: dairy

text: cows

text: was

text: hit

text: killing

text: some

text: and

text: severely

text: injuring

text: others

question: Why were decoy towns used in WW2

answer: decoy towns were constructed in Somerset in World War II to protect Bristol and other towns, at night

text: decoy towns were constructed in Somerset in World War II to protect Bristol and other towns, at night

question: What did the decoy towns mimic

answer: mimic the geometry of "blacked out" streets, railway lines, and Bristol Temple Meads railway station, to encourage bombers away from these targets

text: mimic the geometry of "blacked out" streets, railway lines, and Bristol Temple Meads railway station, to encourage bombers away from these targets

question: Who layed out  Beacon Batch

answer: Shepperton Studios, based on aerial photographs of the city's railway marshalling yards. The decoys were fitted with dim red lights

text: Shepperton Studios, based on aerial photographs of the city's railway marshalling yards. The decoys were fitted with dim red lights

question: What decoy city was hit

answer: The Chew Magna decoy town was hit by half-a-dozen bombs on 2 December 1940, and over a thousand incendiaries on 3 January 1941

text: The Chew Magna decoy town was hit by half-a-dozen bombs on 2 December 1940, and over a thousand incendiaries on 3 January 1941


text: The law of civil procedure governs process in all judicial proceedings involving lawsuits between private parties. Traditional common law pleading was replaced by code pleading in 24 states after New York enacted the Field Code in 1850 and code pleading in turn was subsequently replaced again in most states by modern notice pleading during the 20th century. The old English division between common law and equity courts was abolished in the federal courts by the adoption of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938; it has also been independently abolished by legislative acts in nearly all states. The Delaware Court of Chancery is the most prominent of the small number of remaining equity courts.

title: Law_of_the_United_States

title: Law_of_the_United_States

text: The

text: law

text: of

text: civil

text: procedure

text: governs

text: process

text: in

text: all

text: judicial

text: proceedings

text: involving

text: lawsuits

text: between

text: private

text: parties

text: Traditional

text: common

text: law

text: pleading

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: code

text: pleading

text: in

text: states

text: after

text: New

text: York

text: enacted

text: the

text: Field

text: Code

text: in

text: and

text: code

text: pleading

text: in

text: turn

text: was

text: subsequently

text: replaced

text: again

text: in

text: most

text: states

text: by

text: modern

text: notice

text: pleading

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: old

text: English

text: division

text: between

text: common

text: law

text: and

text: equity

text: courts

text: was

text: abolished

text: in

text: the

text: federal

text: courts

text: by

text: the

text: adoption

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: Rules

text: of

text: Civil

text: Procedure

text: in

text: it

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: independently

text: abolished

text: by

text: legislative

text: acts

text: in

text: nearly

text: all

text: states

text: The

text: Delaware

text: Court

text: of

text: Chancery

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: of

text: the

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: remaining

text: equity

text: courts

question: What is over all judicial proceedings involving private party lawsuits?

answer: The law of civil procedure

text: The law of civil procedure

question: What did New York enact that replaced traditional common law proceeding?

answer: code pleading

text: code pleading

question: What was code pleading ultimately replaced by?

answer: modern notice pleading

text: modern notice pleading

question: When did code pleading get replaced by modern notice pleading?

answer: 20th century

text: 20th century

question: What did the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure abolish?

answer: The old English division between common law and equity courts

text: The old English division between common law and equity courts


text: In many ancient civilizations, such as those of Egypt and Mesopotamia, architecture and urbanism reflected the constant engagement with the divine and the supernatural, and many ancient cultures resorted to monumentality in architecture to represent symbolically the political power of the ruler, the ruling elite, or the state itself.

title: Architecture

title: Architecture

text: In

text: many

text: ancient

text: civilizations

text: such

text: as

text: those

text: of

text: Egypt

text: and

text: Mesopotamia

text: architecture

text: and

text: urbanism

text: reflected

text: the

text: constant

text: engagement

text: with

text: the

text: divine

text: and

text: the

text: supernatural

text: and

text: many

text: ancient

text: cultures

text: resorted

text: to

text: monumentality

text: in

text: architecture

text: to

text: represent

text: symbolically

text: the

text: political

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: ruler

text: the

text: ruling

text: elite

text: or

text: the

text: state

text: itself

question: What civilizations used the divine and supernatural in their architecture?

answer: Egypt and Mesopotamia

text: Egypt and Mesopotamia

question: What are two examples of past civilizations?

answer: Egypt and Mesopotamia

text: Egypt and Mesopotamia

question: To what did these civilizations have ties that to were shown off by their architecture?

answer: the divine and the supernatural

text: the divine and the supernatural

question: What does architectural monumentality often represent?

answer: political power

text: political power


text: There are two former institutes of technology, which already changed their name to "University of Technology": Rajamangala University of Technology (formerly Institute of Technology and Vocational Education) and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Thonburi Technology Institute).

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: former

text: institutes

text: of

text: technology

text: which

text: already

text: changed

text: their

text: name

text: to

text: University

text: of

text: Technology

text: Rajamangala

text: University

text: of

text: Technology

text: formerly

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: and

text: Vocational

text: Education

text: and

text: King

text: Mongkut

text: 's

text: University

text: of

text: Technology

text: Thonburi

text: Thonburi

text: Technology

text: Institute

question: What did the Thonburi Technology Institute become after its name change?

answer: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi

text: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi

question: What was the previous name of Rajamangala University of Technology?

answer: Institute of Technology and Vocational Education

text: Institute of Technology and Vocational Education


text: In Western Europe, some of the older Roman elite families died out while others became more involved with Church than secular affairs. Values attached to Latin scholarship and education mostly disappeared, and while literacy remained important, it became a practical skill rather than a sign of elite status. In the 4th century, Jerome (d. 420) dreamed that God rebuked him for spending more time reading Cicero than the Bible. By the 6th century, Gregory of Tours (d. 594) had a similar dream, but instead of being chastised for reading Cicero, he was chastised for learning shorthand. By the late 6th century, the principal means of religious instruction in the Church had become music and art rather than the book. Most intellectual efforts went towards imitating classical scholarship, but some original works were created, along with now-lost oral compositions. The writings of Sidonius Apollinaris (d. 489), Cassiodorus (d. c. 585), and Boethius (d. c. 525) were typical of the age.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: In

text: Western

text: Europe

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: older

text: Roman

text: elite

text: families

text: died

text: out

text: while

text: others

text: became

text: more

text: involved

text: with

text: Church

text: than

text: secular

text: affairs

text: Values

text: attached

text: to

text: Latin

text: scholarship

text: and

text: education

text: mostly

text: disappeared

text: and

text: while

text: literacy

text: remained

text: important

text: it

text: became

text: a

text: practical

text: skill

text: rather

text: than

text: a

text: sign

text: of

text: elite

text: status

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: Jerome

text: d.

text: dreamed

text: that

text: God

text: rebuked

text: him

text: for

text: spending

text: more

text: time

text: reading

text: Cicero

text: than

text: the

text: Bible

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: Gregory

text: of

text: Tours

text: d.

text: had

text: a

text: similar

text: dream

text: but

text: instead

text: of

text: being

text: chastised

text: for

text: reading

text: Cicero

text: he

text: was

text: chastised

text: for

text: learning

text: shorthand

text: By

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: the

text: principal

text: means

text: of

text: religious

text: instruction

text: in

text: the

text: Church

text: had

text: become

text: music

text: and

text: art

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: book

text: Most

text: intellectual

text: efforts

text: went

text: towards

text: imitating

text: classical

text: scholarship

text: but

text: some

text: original

text: works

text: were

text: created

text: along

text: with

text: now

text: lost

text: oral

text: compositions

text: The

text: writings

text: of

text: Sidonius

text: Apollinaris

text: d.

text: Cassiodorus

text: d.

text: c.

text: and

text: Boethius

text: d.

text: c.

text: were

text: typical

text: of

text: the

text: age

question: What author would Jerome rather read than the Bible?

answer: Cicero

text: Cicero

question: In what year did Jerome die?

answer: 420

question: In what century did Gregory of Tours live?

answer: 6th

question: Along with art, how was religious instruction commonly received in the late 6th century?

answer: music

text: music

question: When was the death of Sidonius Apollinaris?

answer: 489


text: In the PAL region, which covers most of Africa, Asia, Europe, and Oceania, Twilight Princess is the best-selling entry in the Zelda series. During its first week, the game was sold with three of every four Wii purchases. The game had sold 5.82 million copies on the Wii as of March 31, 2011[update], and 1.32 million on the GameCube as of March 31, 2007[update].

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

text: In

text: the

text: PAL

text: region

text: which

text: covers

text: most

text: of

text: Africa

text: Asia

text: Europe

text: and

text: Oceania

text: Twilight

text: Princess

text: is

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: entry

text: in

text: the

text: Zelda

text: series

text: During

text: its

text: first

text: week

text: the

text: game

text: was

text: sold

text: with

text: three

text: of

text: every

text: four

text: Wii

text: purchases

text: The

text: game

text: had

text: sold

text: million

text: copies

text: on

text: the

text: Wii

text: as

text: of

text: March

text: and

text: million

text: on

text: the

text: GameCube

text: as

text: of

text: March

question: What is the name of the area which includes most countries not located in North, Central or South America?

answer: PAL

text: PAL

question: How many units of the Wii version of Twilight Princess had been purchased by the end of March 2011?

answer: 5.82 million

text: 5.82 million

question: How many units of the GameCube version of Twilight Princess had been purchased by the end of March 2007?

answer: 1.32 million

text: 1.32 million

question: What region is Twilight Princess the best -selling Zelda entry?

answer: PAL region

text: PAL region

question: How many copies of the game had been sold as of March 2011?

answer: 5.82 million

text: 5.82 million

question: How many copies of the game had been sold on Gamecube as of March 2007?

answer: 1.32 million

text: 1.32 million


text: Despite the continuing prominence of Nanjing (then known as Jiankang), the settlement of Qiantang, the former name of Hangzhou, remained one of the three major metropolitan centers in the south to provide major tax revenue to the imperial centers in the north China. The other two centers in the south were Jiankang and Chengdu. In 589, Qiangtang was raised in status and renamed Hangzhou.

title: Zhejiang

title: Zhejiang

text: Despite

text: the

text: continuing

text: prominence

text: of

text: Nanjing

text: then

text: known

text: as

text: Jiankang

text: the

text: settlement

text: of

text: Qiantang

text: the

text: former

text: name

text: of

text: Hangzhou

text: remained

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: major

text: metropolitan

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: to

text: provide

text: major

text: tax

text: revenue

text: to

text: the

text: imperial

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: China

text: The

text: other

text: two

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: were

text: Jiankang

text: and

text: Chengdu

text: In

text: Qiangtang

text: was

text: raised

text: in

text: status

text: and

text: renamed

text: Hangzhou

question: What was Nanjing formerly known as?

answer: Jiankang

text: Jiankang

question: What was the former name of Hangzhou?

answer: Qiantang

text: Qiantang

question: Besides Qiantang and Jiankang, what was the other major metropolitan center in the south?

answer: Chengdu

text: Chengdu

question: What year was Qiantang raised in status and renamed Hangzhou?

answer: 589

question: How many major metropolitan centers were there in the south at the time?

answer: three

text: three


text: The CBS Records Group was led very successfully by Clive Davis until his dismissal in 1972, after it was discovered that Davis has used CBS funds to finance his personal life, including an expensive bar mitzvah party for his son. He was replaced first by former head Goddard Lieberson, then in 1975 by the colourful and controversial lawyer Walter Yetnikoff, who led the company until 1990.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: The

text: CBS

text: Records

text: Group

text: was

text: led

text: very

text: successfully

text: by

text: Clive

text: Davis

text: until

text: his

text: dismissal

text: in

text: after

text: it

text: was

text: discovered

text: that

text: Davis

text: has

text: used

text: CBS

text: funds

text: to

text: finance

text: his

text: personal

text: life

text: including

text: an

text: expensive

text: bar

text: mitzvah

text: party

text: for

text: his

text: son

text: He

text: was

text: replaced

text: first

text: by

text: former

text: head

text: Goddard

text: Lieberson

text: then

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: colourful

text: and

text: controversial

text: lawyer

text: Walter

text: Yetnikoff

text: who

text: led

text: the

text: company

text: until

question: In what year was Clive Davis let go at CBS Records Group?

answer: 1972


text: Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Richmond

text: is

text: located

text: at

text: N

text: W

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: a

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: miles

text: of

text: which

text: square

text: miles

text: is

text: land

text: and

text: square

text: miles

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: water

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: region

text: of

text: Virginia

text: at

text: the

text: highest

text: navigable

text: point

text: of

text: the

text: James

text: River

text: The

text: Piedmont

text: region

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: relatively

text: low

text: rolling

text: hills

text: and

text: lies

text: between

text: the

text: low

text: sea

text: level

text: Tidewater

text: region

text: and

text: the

text: Blue

text: Ridge

text: Mountains

text: Significant

text: bodies

text: of

text: water

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: include

text: the

text: James

text: River

text: the

text: Appomattox

text: River

text: and

text: the

text: Chickahominy

text: River

question: How many square kilometers is Richmond?

answer: 160

question: How many square miles of Richmond is water?

answer: 2.7

question: What percentage of Richmond is made up of water?

answer: 4.3

question: In which of Virginia's regions is Richmond?

answer: Piedmont

text: Piedmont

question: Along with the James and the Chickahominy, what is a notable river in the area near Richmond?

answer: Appomattox

text: Appomattox


text: "We used a technique of laying our program out in general debate," he said. When we got to the amendment phase, we would offer our program as a substitute for the Johnson proposal. If we lost in the Committee of the Whole, then we would usually offer it as a motion to recommit and get a vote on that. And if we lost on the motion to recommit, our Republican members had a choice: They could vote against the Johnson program and say we did our best to come up with a better alternative. Or they could vote for it and make the same argument. Usually we lost; but when you're only 140 out of 435, you don't expect to win many.

title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives

text: We

text: used

text: a

text: technique

text: of

text: laying

text: our

text: program

text: out

text: in

text: general

text: debate

text: he

text: said

text: When

text: we

text: got

text: to

text: the

text: amendment

text: phase

text: we

text: would

text: offer

text: our

text: program

text: as

text: a

text: substitute

text: for

text: the

text: Johnson

text: proposal

text: If

text: we

text: lost

text: in

text: the

text: Committee

text: of

text: the

text: Whole

text: then

text: we

text: would

text: usually

text: offer

text: it

text: as

text: a

text: motion

text: to

text: recommit

text: and

text: get

text: a

text: vote

text: on

text: that

text: And

text: if

text: we

text: lost

text: on

text: the

text: motion

text: to

text: recommit

text: our

text: Republican

text: members

text: had

text: a

text: choice

text: They

text: could

text: vote

text: against

text: the

text: Johnson

text: program

text: and

text: say

text: we

text: did

text: our

text: best

text: to

text: come

text: up

text: with

text: a

text: better

text: alternative

text: Or

text: they

text: could

text: vote

text: for

text: it

text: and

text: make

text: the

text: same

text: argument

text: Usually

text: we

text: lost

text: but

text: when

text: you

text: 're

text: only

text: out

text: of

text: you

text: do

text: n't

text: expect

text: to

text: win

text: many

question: What options do minority party have in amendment phase?

answer: offer our program as a substitute

text: offer our program as a substitute

question: If minority party loses committ of the whole, then what motion may be filed?

answer: motion to recommit and get a vote on that

text: motion to recommit and get a vote on that

question: If recommit fails, then what choice needs to be made by minority representatives?

answer: say we did our best to come up with a better alternative. Or they could vote for it and make the same argument

text: say we did our best to come up with a better alternative. Or they could vote for it and make the same argument


text: The most obvious function of clothing is to improve the comfort of the wearer, by protecting the wearer from the elements. In hot climates, clothing provides protection from sunburn or wind damage, while in cold climates its thermal insulation properties are generally more important. Shelter usually reduces the functional need for clothing. For example, coats, hats, gloves, and other superficial layers are normally removed when entering a warm home, particularly if one is residing or sleeping there. Similarly, clothing has seasonal and regional aspects, so that thinner materials and fewer layers of clothing are generally worn in warmer seasons and regions than in colder ones.

title: Clothing

title: Clothing

text: The

text: most

text: obvious

text: function

text: of

text: clothing

text: is

text: to

text: improve

text: the

text: comfort

text: of

text: the

text: wearer

text: by

text: protecting

text: the

text: wearer

text: from

text: the

text: elements

text: In

text: hot

text: climates

text: clothing

text: provides

text: protection

text: from

text: sunburn

text: or

text: wind

text: damage

text: while

text: in

text: cold

text: climates

text: its

text: thermal

text: insulation

text: properties

text: are

text: generally

text: more

text: important

text: Shelter

text: usually

text: reduces

text: the

text: functional

text: need

text: for

text: clothing

text: For

text: example

text: coats

text: hats

text: gloves

text: and

text: other

text: superficial

text: layers

text: are

text: normally

text: removed

text: when

text: entering

text: a

text: warm

text: home

text: particularly

text: if

text: one

text: is

text: residing

text: or

text: sleeping

text: there

text: Similarly

text: clothing

text: has

text: seasonal

text: and

text: regional

text: aspects

text: so

text: that

text: thinner

text: materials

text: and

text: fewer

text: layers

text: of

text: clothing

text: are

text: generally

text: worn

text: in

text: warmer

text: seasons

text: and

text: regions

text: than

text: in

text: colder

text: ones

question: What obvious improvement does clothing bestow upon the wearer?

answer: comfort

text: comfort

question: In what type of climate does clothing protect against sunburn and wind damage?

answer: hot

text: hot

question: What property of clothing is important in cold climates?

answer: thermal insulation

text: thermal insulation

question: What has seasonal and regional aspects?

answer: clothing

text: clothing

question: What type of material tends to be worn in warmer seasons?

answer: thinner

text: thinner


text: Exceptions to the restrictions faced by Windows Store apps are given to web browsers. The user's default browser can distribute a Metro-style web browser in same package as the desktop version, which has access to functionality unavailable to other apps, such as being able to permanently run in the background, use multiple background processes, and use Windows API code instead of WinRT (allowing for code to be re-used with the desktop version, while still taking advantage of features available to Windows Store apps, such as charms). Microsoft advertises this exception privilege "New experience enabled" (formerly "Metro-style enabled").

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: Exceptions

text: to

text: the

text: restrictions

text: faced

text: by

text: Windows

text: Store

text: apps

text: are

text: given

text: to

text: web

text: browsers

text: The

text: user

text: 's

text: default

text: browser

text: can

text: distribute

text: a

text: Metro

text: style

text: web

text: browser

text: in

text: same

text: package

text: as

text: the

text: desktop

text: version

text: which

text: has

text: access

text: to

text: functionality

text: unavailable

text: to

text: other

text: apps

text: such

text: as

text: being

text: able

text: to

text: permanently

text: run

text: in

text: the

text: background

text: use

text: multiple

text: background

text: processes

text: and

text: use

text: Windows

text: API

text: code

text: instead

text: of

text: WinRT

text: allowing

text: for

text: code

text: to

text: be

text: re

text: used

text: with

text: the

text: desktop

text: version

text: while

text: still

text: taking

text: advantage

text: of

text: features

text: available

text: to

text: Windows

text: Store

text: apps

text: such

text: as

text: charms

text: Microsoft

text: advertises

text: this

text: exception

text: privilege

text: New

text: experience

text: enabled

text: formerly

text: Metro

text: style

text: enabled

question: What code did Windows 8 change to?

answer: API code instead of WinRT

text: API code instead of WinRT

question: What term did Microsoft give to its exception privilige for web browsing?

answer: New experience enabled

text: New experience enabled

question: What different options did the desktop version have?

answer: able to permanently run in the background, use multiple background processes, and use Windows API code

text: able to permanently run in the background, use multiple background processes, and use Windows API code


text: Leading up to the American Civil War, Baptists became embroiled in the controversy over slavery in the United States. Whereas in the First Great Awakening, Methodist and Baptist preachers had opposed slavery and urged manumission, over the decades they made more of an accommodation with the institution. They worked with slaveholders in the South to urge a paternalistic institution. Both denominations made direct appeals to slaves and free blacks for conversion. The Baptists particularly allowed them active roles in congregations. By the mid-19th century, northern Baptists tended to oppose slavery. As tensions increased, in 1844 the Home Mission Society refused to appoint a slaveholder as a missionary who had been proposed by Georgia. It noted that missionaries could not take servants with them, and also that the Board did not want to appear to condone slavery.

title: Baptists

title: Baptists

text: Leading

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: Baptists

text: became

text: embroiled

text: in

text: the

text: controversy

text: over

text: slavery

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Whereas

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Great

text: Awakening

text: Methodist

text: and

text: Baptist

text: preachers

text: had

text: opposed

text: slavery

text: and

text: urged

text: manumission

text: over

text: the

text: decades

text: they

text: made

text: more

text: of

text: an

text: accommodation

text: with

text: the

text: institution

text: They

text: worked

text: with

text: slaveholders

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: to

text: urge

text: a

text: paternalistic

text: institution

text: Both

text: denominations

text: made

text: direct

text: appeals

text: to

text: slaves

text: and

text: free

text: blacks

text: for

text: conversion

text: The

text: Baptists

text: particularly

text: allowed

text: them

text: active

text: roles

text: in

text: congregations

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: northern

text: Baptists

text: tended

text: to

text: oppose

text: slavery

text: As

text: tensions

text: increased

text: in

text: the

text: Home

text: Mission

text: Society

text: refused

text: to

text: appoint

text: a

text: slaveholder

text: as

text: a

text: missionary

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: proposed

text: by

text: Georgia

text: It

text: noted

text: that

text: missionaries

text: could

text: not

text: take

text: servants

text: with

text: them

text: and

text: also

text: that

text: the

text: Board

text: did

text: not

text: want

text: to

text: appear

text: to

text: condone

text: slavery

question: When did Baptists become embroiled in the controversy over slavery in the United States?

answer: Leading up to the American Civil War

text: Leading up to the American Civil War

question: When did Methodist and Baptist preachers oppose slavery and urge manumission?

answer: the First Great Awakening

text: the First Great Awakening

question: They worked with slaveholders in the South to urge what?

answer: paternalistic institution

text: paternalistic institution

question: What denomination allowed blacks active roles in the congregation?

answer: The Baptists

text: The Baptists

question: What refused to appoint a slaveholder as a missionary?

answer: the Home Mission Society

text: the Home Mission Society


text: During this battle, on September 13, the 4th Division, under John A. Quitman, spearheaded the attack against Chapultepec and carried the castle. Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack. Serving in the Mexican defense were the cadets later immortalized as Los Niños Héroes (the "Boy Heroes"). The Mexican forces fell back from Chapultepec and retreated within the city. Attacks on the Belén and San Cosme Gates came afterwards. The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed in what is now the far north of the city.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: During

text: this

text: battle

text: on

text: September

text: the

text: Division

text: under

text: John

text: A.

text: Quitman

text: spearheaded

text: the

text: attack

text: against

text: Chapultepec

text: and

text: carried

text: the

text: castle

text: Future

text: Confederate

text: generals

text: George

text: E.

text: Pickett

text: and

text: James

text: Longstreet

text: participated

text: in

text: the

text: attack

text: Serving

text: in

text: the

text: Mexican

text: defense

text: were

text: the

text: cadets

text: later

text: immortalized

text: as

text: Los

text: Niños

text: Héroes

text: the

text: Boy

text: Heroes

text: The

text: Mexican

text: forces

text: fell

text: back

text: from

text: Chapultepec

text: and

text: retreated

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: Attacks

text: on

text: the

text: Belén

text: and

text: San

text: Cosme

text: Gates

text: came

text: afterwards

text: The

text: treaty

text: of

text: Guadalupe

text: Hidalgo

text: was

text: signed

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: far

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: city

question: Who led the 4th division?

answer: John A. Quitman

text: John A. Quitman

question: What treaty was signed?

answer: Guadalupe Hidalgo

text: Guadalupe Hidalgo

question: Who were the future confederate generals?

answer: George E. Pickett and James Longstreet

text: George E. Pickett and James Longstreet

question: Who carried the castle?

answer: the 4th Division

text: the 4th Division

question: When did the castle fall?

answer: on September 13

text: on September 13


text: The urban AC stations resemble soft AC rather than hot AC; they play predominantly R&B and soul music with little hip-hop. This is reflected in many of the urban AC radio stations' taglines, such as "Today's R&B and classic soul", "The best variety of R&B hits and oldies" and "(City/Region)'s R&B leader". Urban AC's core artists include Luther Vandross, Trey Songz, Patti LaBelle, Toni Braxton, Whitney Houston, Aretha Franklin, Frank Ocean, Craig David and Mariah Carey.

title: Adult_contemporary_music

title: Adult_contemporary_music

text: The

text: urban

text: AC

text: stations

text: resemble

text: soft

text: AC

text: rather

text: than

text: hot

text: AC

text: they

text: play

text: predominantly

text: R&B

text: and

text: soul

text: music

text: with

text: little

text: hip

text: hop

text: This

text: is

text: reflected

text: in

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: urban

text: AC

text: radio

text: stations

text: taglines

text: such

text: as

text: Today

text: 's

text: R&B

text: and

text: classic

text: soul

text: The

text: best

text: variety

text: of

text: R&B

text: hits

text: and

text: oldies

text: and

text: City

text: Region

text: 's

text: R&B

text: leader

text: Urban

text: AC

text: 's

text: core

text: artists

text: include

text: Luther

text: Vandross

text: Trey

text: Songz

text: Patti

text: LaBelle

text: Toni

text: Braxton

text: Whitney

text: Houston

text: Aretha

text: Franklin

text: Frank

text: Ocean

text: Craig

text: David

text: and

text: Mariah

text: Carey

question: What other adult contemporary radio format is urban AC similar to?

answer: soft AC

text: soft AC

question: What genre of music is not played frequently on urban AC?

answer: hip-hop

text: hip-hop

question: What two genres of music are popular on urban AC?

answer: R&B and soul music

text: R&B and soul music

question: Along with Trey Songz, Patti LaBelle, Toni Braxton, Whitney Houston, Aretha Franklin, Frank Ocean, Craig David and Mariah Carey, who is a well-known urban AC artist?

answer: Luther Vandross

text: Luther Vandross

question: What adult contemporary radio format is urban AC not similar to?

answer: hot AC

text: hot AC


text: Hebb distinguished between short-term and long-term memory. He postulated that any memory that stayed in short-term storage for a long enough time would be consolidated into a long-term memory. Later research showed this to be false. Research has shown that direct injections of cortisol or epinephrine help the storage of recent experiences. This is also true for stimulation of the amygdala. This proves that excitement enhances memory by the stimulation of hormones that affect the amygdala. Excessive or prolonged stress (with prolonged cortisol) may hurt memory storage. Patients with amygdalar damage are no more likely to remember emotionally charged words than nonemotionally charged ones. The hippocampus is important for explicit memory. The hippocampus is also important for memory consolidation. The hippocampus receives input from different parts of the cortex and sends its output out to different parts of the brain also. The input comes from secondary and tertiary sensory areas that have processed the information a lot already. Hippocampal damage may also cause memory loss and problems with memory storage. This memory loss includes, retrograde amnesia which is the loss of memory for events that occurred shortly before the time of brain damage.

title: Memory

title: Memory

text: Hebb

text: distinguished

text: between

text: short

text: term

text: and

text: long

text: term

text: memory

text: He

text: postulated

text: that

text: any

text: memory

text: that

text: stayed

text: in

text: short

text: term

text: storage

text: for

text: a

text: long

text: enough

text: time

text: would

text: be

text: consolidated

text: into

text: a

text: long

text: term

text: memory

text: Later

text: research

text: showed

text: this

text: to

text: be

text: false

text: Research

text: has

text: shown

text: that

text: direct

text: injections

text: of

text: cortisol

text: or

text: epinephrine

text: help

text: the

text: storage

text: of

text: recent

text: experiences

text: This

text: is

text: also

text: true

text: for

text: stimulation

text: of

text: the

text: amygdala

text: This

text: proves

text: that

text: excitement

text: enhances

text: memory

text: by

text: the

text: stimulation

text: of

text: hormones

text: that

text: affect

text: the

text: amygdala

text: Excessive

text: or

text: prolonged

text: stress

text: with

text: prolonged

text: cortisol

text: may

text: hurt

text: memory

text: storage

text: Patients

text: with

text: amygdalar

text: damage

text: are

text: no

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: remember

text: emotionally

text: charged

text: words

text: than

text: nonemotionally

text: charged

text: ones

text: The

text: hippocampus

text: is

text: important

text: for

text: explicit

text: memory

text: The

text: hippocampus

text: is

text: also

text: important

text: for

text: memory

text: consolidation

text: The

text: hippocampus

text: receives

text: input

text: from

text: different

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: cortex

text: and

text: sends

text: its

text: output

text: out

text: to

text: different

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: brain

text: also

text: The

text: input

text: comes

text: from

text: secondary

text: and

text: tertiary

text: sensory

text: areas

text: that

text: have

text: processed

text: the

text: information

text: a

text: lot

text: already

text: Hippocampal

text: damage

text: may

text: also

text: cause

text: memory

text: loss

text: and

text: problems

text: with

text: memory

text: storage

text: This

text: memory

text: loss

text: includes

text: retrograde

text: amnesia

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: memory

text: for

text: events

text: that

text: occurred

text: shortly

text: before

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: brain

text: damage

question: Was Hebb's thought of the relationship between short and long term memory true?

answer: research showed this to be false

text: research showed this to be false

question: Which drugs seemed to help someone remember earlier events?

answer: cortisol or epinephrine

text: cortisol or epinephrine

question: What relationship does excitement and memory share?

answer: excitement enhances memory

text: excitement enhances memory

question: Bob was in a car accident and couldn't remember his wifes name, what part of his brain could have been damaged?

answer: hippocampus

text: hippocampus


text: The TV rights agreement between the Premier League and Sky has faced accusations of being a cartel, and a number of court cases have arisen as a result. An investigation by the Office of Fair Trading in 2002 found BSkyB to be dominant within the pay TV sports market, but concluded that there were insufficient grounds for the claim that BSkyB had abused its dominant position. In July 1999 the Premier League's method of selling rights collectively for all member clubs was investigated by the UK Restrictive Practices Court, who concluded that the agreement was not contrary to the public interest.

title: Premier_League

title: Premier_League

text: The

text: TV

text: rights

text: agreement

text: between

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: and

text: Sky

text: has

text: faced

text: accusations

text: of

text: being

text: a

text: cartel

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: court

text: cases

text: have

text: arisen

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: An

text: investigation

text: by

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Fair

text: Trading

text: in

text: found

text: BSkyB

text: to

text: be

text: dominant

text: within

text: the

text: pay

text: TV

text: sports

text: market

text: but

text: concluded

text: that

text: there

text: were

text: insufficient

text: grounds

text: for

text: the

text: claim

text: that

text: BSkyB

text: had

text: abused

text: its

text: dominant

text: position

text: In

text: July

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: 's

text: method

text: of

text: selling

text: rights

text: collectively

text: for

text: all

text: member

text: clubs

text: was

text: investigated

text: by

text: the

text: UK

text: Restrictive

text: Practices

text: Court

text: who

text: concluded

text: that

text: the

text: agreement

text: was

text: not

text: contrary

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: interest

question: Why has there been a several court cases against Sky and Premier League?

answer: The TV rights agreement between the Premier League and Sky has faced accusations of being a cartel

text: The TV rights agreement between the Premier League and Sky has faced accusations of being a cartel

question: What did the Office of Fair Trading decide regarding the claim that Sky abuses their position in 2002.

answer: Office of Fair Trading in 2002 found BSkyB to be dominant within the pay TV sports market, but concluded that there were insufficient grounds for the claim

text: Office of Fair Trading in 2002 found BSkyB to be dominant within the pay TV sports market, but concluded that there were insufficient grounds for the claim

question: Who investigated the Premier League's collective selling rights in 1999?

answer: In July 1999 the Premier League's method of selling rights collectively for all member clubs was investigated by the UK Restrictive Practices Court,

text: In July 1999 the Premier League's method of selling rights collectively for all member clubs was investigated by the UK Restrictive Practices Court,

question: What did they decide about the collective selling issue?

answer: the UK Restrictive Practices Court, who concluded that the agreement was not contrary to the public interest.

text: the UK Restrictive Practices Court, who concluded that the agreement was not contrary to the public interest.

question: What has the agreement between the Premier League and Sky been accused of being?

answer: a cartel

text: a cartel

question: Who investigated the agreement between the Premier League and Sky in 2002?

answer: the Office of Fair Trading

text: the Office of Fair Trading

question: Who investigated how the Premier League sold television rights in 1999?

answer: the UK Restrictive Practices Court

text: the UK Restrictive Practices Court


text: The Epicureans and the Cynics rejected public offices and civic service, which amounted to a rejection of the polis itself, the defining institution of the Greek world. Epicurus promoted atomism and an asceticism based on freedom from pain as its ultimate goal. Cynics such as Diogenes of Sinope rejected all material possessions and social conventions (nomos) as unnatural and useless. The Cyrenaics meanwhile, embraced hedonism, arguing that pleasure was the only true good. Stoicism, founded by Zeno of Citium, taught that virtue was sufficient for eudaimonia as it would allow one to live in accordance with Nature or Logos. Zeno became extremely popular, the Athenians set up a gold statue of him and Antigonus II Gonatas invited him to the Macedonian court. The philosophical schools of Aristotle (the Peripatetics of the Lyceum) and Plato (Platonism at the Academy) also remained influential. The academy would eventually turn to Academic Skepticism under Arcesilaus until it was rejected by Antiochus of Ascalon (c. 90 BCE) in favor of Neoplatonism. Hellenistic philosophy, had a significant influence on the Greek ruling elite. Examples include Athenian statesman Demetrius of Phaleron, who had studied in the lyceum; the Spartan king Cleomenes III who was a student of the Stoic Sphairos of Borysthenes and Antigonus II who was also a well known Stoic. This can also be said of the Roman upper classes, were Stoicism was dominant, as seen in the Meditations of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius and the works of Cicero.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: The

text: Epicureans

text: and

text: the

text: Cynics

text: rejected

text: public

text: offices

text: and

text: civic

text: service

text: which

text: amounted

text: to

text: a

text: rejection

text: of

text: the

text: polis

text: itself

text: the

text: defining

text: institution

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: world

text: Epicurus

text: promoted

text: atomism

text: and

text: an

text: asceticism

text: based

text: on

text: freedom

text: from

text: pain

text: as

text: its

text: ultimate

text: goal

text: Cynics

text: such

text: as

text: Diogenes

text: of

text: Sinope

text: rejected

text: all

text: material

text: possessions

text: and

text: social

text: conventions

text: nomos

text: as

text: unnatural

text: and

text: useless

text: The

text: Cyrenaics

text: meanwhile

text: embraced

text: hedonism

text: arguing

text: that

text: pleasure

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: true

text: good

text: Stoicism

text: founded

text: by

text: Zeno

text: of

text: Citium

text: taught

text: that

text: virtue

text: was

text: sufficient

text: for

text: eudaimonia

text: as

text: it

text: would

text: allow

text: one

text: to

text: live

text: in

text: accordance

text: with

text: Nature

text: or

text: Logos

text: Zeno

text: became

text: extremely

text: popular

text: the

text: Athenians

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: gold

text: statue

text: of

text: him

text: and

text: Antigonus

text: II

text: Gonatas

text: invited

text: him

text: to

text: the

text: Macedonian

text: court

text: The

text: philosophical

text: schools

text: of

text: Aristotle

text: the

text: Peripatetics

text: of

text: the

text: Lyceum

text: and

text: Plato

text: Platonism

text: at

text: the

text: Academy

text: also

text: remained

text: influential

text: The

text: academy

text: would

text: eventually

text: turn

text: to

text: Academic

text: Skepticism

text: under

text: Arcesilaus

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: rejected

text: by

text: Antiochus

text: of

text: Ascalon

text: c.

text: BCE

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: Neoplatonism

text: Hellenistic

text: philosophy

text: had

text: a

text: significant

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: Greek

text: ruling

text: elite

text: Examples

text: include

text: Athenian

text: statesman

text: Demetrius

text: of

text: Phaleron

text: who

text: had

text: studied

text: in

text: the

text: lyceum

text: the

text: Spartan

text: king

text: Cleomenes

text: III

text: who

text: was

text: a

text: student

text: of

text: the

text: Stoic

text: Sphairos

text: of

text: Borysthenes

text: and

text: Antigonus

text: II

text: who

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: well

text: known

text: Stoic

text: This

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: said

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: upper

text: classes

text: were

text: Stoicism

text: was

text: dominant

text: as

text: seen

text: in

text: the

text: Meditations

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: emperor

text: Marcus

text: Aurelius

text: and

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: Cicero

question: Who promoted freedom from pain as the ultimate goal?

answer: Epicurus

text: Epicurus

question: Who said social norms and material possesions were unnatural and useless?

answer: Diogenes of Sinope

text: Diogenes of Sinope

question: Which group embraced hedonism?

answer: Cyrenaics

text: Cyrenaics

question: Who founded Stoicism?

answer: Zeno of Citium

text: Zeno of Citium

question: Who rejected Academic Skepticism in favor of Neoplatonism?

answer: Antiochus of Ascalon

text: Antiochus of Ascalon


text: In Estonian, nouns and pronouns do not have grammatical gender, but nouns and adjectives decline in fourteen cases: nominative, genitive, partitive, illative, inessive, elative, allative, adessive, ablative, translative, terminative, essive, abessive, and comitative, with the case and number of the adjective(s) always agreeing with that of the noun (except in the terminative, essive, abessive and comitative, where there is agreement only for the number, the adjective being in the genitive form). Thus the illative for kollane maja ("a yellow house") is kollasesse majja ("into a yellow house"), but the terminative is kollase majani ("as far as a yellow house"). With respect to the Proto-Finnic language, elision has occurred; thus, the actual case marker may be absent, but the stem is changed, cf. maja – majja and the Pohjanmaa dialect of Finnish maja – majahan.

title: Estonian_language

title: Estonian_language

text: In

text: Estonian

text: nouns

text: and

text: pronouns

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: grammatical

text: gender

text: but

text: nouns

text: and

text: adjectives

text: decline

text: in

text: fourteen

text: cases

text: nominative

text: genitive

text: partitive

text: illative

text: inessive

text: elative

text: allative

text: adessive

text: ablative

text: translative

text: terminative

text: essive

text: abessive

text: and

text: comitative

text: with

text: the

text: case

text: and

text: number

text: of

text: the

text: adjective(s

text: always

text: agreeing

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: noun

text: except

text: in

text: the

text: terminative

text: essive

text: abessive

text: and

text: comitative

text: where

text: there

text: is

text: agreement

text: only

text: for

text: the

text: number

text: the

text: adjective

text: being

text: in

text: the

text: genitive

text: form

text: Thus

text: the

text: illative

text: for

text: kollane

text: maja

text: a

text: yellow

text: house

text: is

text: kollasesse

text: majja

text: into

text: a

text: yellow

text: house

text: but

text: the

text: terminative

text: is

text: kollase

text: majani

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: a

text: yellow

text: house

text: With

text: respect

text: to

text: the

text: Proto

text: Finnic

text: language

text: elision

text: has

text: occurred

text: thus

text: the

text: actual

text: case

text: marker

text: may

text: be

text: absent

text: but

text: the

text: stem

text: is

text: changed

text: cf

text: maja

text: majja

text: and

text: the

text: Pohjanmaa

text: dialect

text: of

text: Finnish

text: maja

text: majahan

question: What language lacks gendered nouns and pronouns?

answer: Estonian

text: Estonian

question: In the nominative, genitive, partitive, illative, inessive, elative, allative, adessive, ablative, translative cases what always agrees with the noun in number and case?

answer: adjectives

text: adjectives


text: Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: Later

text: wax

text: effigies

text: include

text: a

text: likeness

text: of

text: Horatio

text: Viscount

text: Nelson

text: wearing

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: own

text: clothes

text: and

text: another

text: of

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: William

text: Pitt

text: Earl

text: of

text: Chatham

text: modelled

text: by

text: the

text: American

text: born

text: sculptor

text: Patience

text: Wright.[citation

text: needed

text: During

text: recent

text: conservation

text: of

text: Elizabeth

text: I

text: 's

text: effigy

text: a

text: unique

text: corset

text: dating

text: from

text: was

text: found

text: on

text: the

text: figure

text: and

text: is

text: now

text: displayed

text: separately.[citation

text: needed

question: Who modelled the effigies in the museum?

answer: sculptor Patience Wright

text: sculptor Patience Wright

question: What are the effigies made of?

answer: wax

text: wax

question: What is the effigy of Viscount Nelson wearing?

answer: some of his own clothes

text: some of his own clothes


text: During the May Revolution of 1810 and the subsequent uprising of the provinces of Rio de la Plata, the Spanish colonial government moved to Montevideo. During that year and the next, Uruguayan revolutionary José Gervasio Artigas united with others from Buenos Aires against Spain. In 1811, the forces deployed by the Junta Grande of Buenos Aires and the gaucho forces led by Artigas started a siege of Montevideo, which had refused to obey the directives of the new authorities of the May Revolution. The siege was lifted at the end of that year, when the military situation started deteriorating in the Upper Peru region.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: During

text: the

text: May

text: Revolution

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: subsequent

text: uprising

text: of

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Rio

text: de

text: la

text: Plata

text: the

text: Spanish

text: colonial

text: government

text: moved

text: to

text: Montevideo

text: During

text: that

text: year

text: and

text: the

text: next

text: Uruguayan

text: revolutionary

text: José

text: Gervasio

text: Artigas

text: united

text: with

text: others

text: from

text: Buenos

text: Aires

text: against

text: Spain

text: In

text: the

text: forces

text: deployed

text: by

text: the

text: Junta

text: Grande

text: of

text: Buenos

text: Aires

text: and

text: the

text: gaucho

text: forces

text: led

text: by

text: Artigas

text: started

text: a

text: siege

text: of

text: Montevideo

text: which

text: had

text: refused

text: to

text: obey

text: the

text: directives

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: authorities

text: of

text: the

text: May

text: Revolution

text: The

text: siege

text: was

text: lifted

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: that

text: year

text: when

text: the

text: military

text: situation

text: started

text: deteriorating

text: in

text: the

text: Upper

text: Peru

text: region

question: After the Revolution of 1810 there was a subsequent uprising of what provinces?

answer: Rio de la Plata

text: Rio de la Plata

question: Where did the spanish colonial government move to after the uprising of the provinces of Rio de la Plata?

answer: Montevideo

text: Montevideo

question: Who was the Uruguayan revolutionary that united with others from Buenos Aires?

answer: José Gervasio Artigas

text: José Gervasio Artigas


text: Within the City of Westminster in London the entertainment district of the West End has its focus around Leicester Square, where London and world film premieres are held, and Piccadilly Circus, with its giant electronic advertisements. London's theatre district is here, as are many cinemas, bars, clubs and restaurants, including the city's Chinatown district (in Soho), and just to the east is Covent Garden, an area housing speciality shops. The city is the home of Andrew Lloyd Webber, whose musicals have dominated the West End theatre since the late 20th century. The United Kingdom's Royal Ballet, English National Ballet, Royal Opera and English National Opera are based in London and perform at the Royal Opera House, the London Coliseum, Sadler's Wells Theatre and the Royal Albert Hall as well as touring the country.

title: London

title: London

text: Within

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Westminster

text: in

text: London

text: the

text: entertainment

text: district

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: End

text: has

text: its

text: focus

text: around

text: Leicester

text: Square

text: where

text: London

text: and

text: world

text: film

text: premieres

text: are

text: held

text: and

text: Piccadilly

text: Circus

text: with

text: its

text: giant

text: electronic

text: advertisements

text: London

text: 's

text: theatre

text: district

text: is

text: here

text: as

text: are

text: many

text: cinemas

text: bars

text: clubs

text: and

text: restaurants

text: including

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: Chinatown

text: district

text: in

text: Soho

text: and

text: just

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: is

text: Covent

text: Garden

text: an

text: area

text: housing

text: speciality

text: shops

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: Andrew

text: Lloyd

text: Webber

text: whose

text: musicals

text: have

text: dominated

text: the

text: West

text: End

text: theatre

text: since

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: 's

text: Royal

text: Ballet

text: English

text: National

text: Ballet

text: Royal

text: Opera

text: and

text: English

text: National

text: Opera

text: are

text: based

text: in

text: London

text: and

text: perform

text: at

text: the

text: Royal

text: Opera

text: House

text: the

text: London

text: Coliseum

text: Sadler

text: 's

text: Wells

text: Theatre

text: and

text: the

text: Royal

text: Albert

text: Hall

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: touring

text: the

text: country

question: What is the entertainment center of London known as?

answer: the West End

text: the West End

question: What is a prominent feature of Picadilly Circus?

answer: giant electronic advertisements

text: giant electronic advertisements

question: London's Chinatown district is located in what area?

answer: Soho

text: Soho

question: Where is London's West End located geographically?

answer: the City of Westminster

text: the City of Westminster

question: What prolific composer and producer of musicals has been a major force in the West End theater district?

answer: Andrew Lloyd Webber

text: Andrew Lloyd Webber


text: A few lines of the Paris Métro in France operate on a four-rail power scheme because they run on rubber tyres which run on a pair of narrow roadways made of steel and, in some places, concrete. Since the tyres do not conduct the return current, the two guide rails provided outside the running 'roadways' double up as conductor rails, so at least electrically it is a four-rail scheme. One of the guide rails is bonded to the return conventional running rails situated inside the roadway so a single polarity supply is required. The trains are designed to operate from either polarity of supply, because some lines use reversing loops at one end, causing the train to be reversed during every complete journey. The loop was originally provided to save the original steam locomotives having to 'run around' the rest of the train saving much time. Today, the driver does not have to change ends at termini provided with such a loop, but the time saving is not so significant as it takes almost as long to drive round the loop as it does to change ends. Many of the original loops have been lost as lines were extended.

title: Railway_electrification_system

title: Railway_electrification_system

text: A

text: few

text: lines

text: of

text: the

text: Paris

text: Métro

text: in

text: France

text: operate

text: on

text: a

text: four

text: rail

text: power

text: scheme

text: because

text: they

text: run

text: on

text: rubber

text: tyres

text: which

text: run

text: on

text: a

text: pair

text: of

text: narrow

text: roadways

text: made

text: of

text: steel

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: places

text: concrete

text: Since

text: the

text: tyres

text: do

text: not

text: conduct

text: the

text: return

text: current

text: the

text: two

text: guide

text: rails

text: provided

text: outside

text: the

text: running

text: roadways

text: double

text: up

text: as

text: conductor

text: rails

text: so

text: at

text: least

text: electrically

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: four

text: rail

text: scheme

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: guide

text: rails

text: is

text: bonded

text: to

text: the

text: return

text: conventional

text: running

text: rails

text: situated

text: inside

text: the

text: roadway

text: so

text: a

text: single

text: polarity

text: supply

text: is

text: required

text: The

text: trains

text: are

text: designed

text: to

text: operate

text: from

text: either

text: polarity

text: of

text: supply

text: because

text: some

text: lines

text: use

text: reversing

text: loops

text: at

text: one

text: end

text: causing

text: the

text: train

text: to

text: be

text: reversed

text: during

text: every

text: complete

text: journey

text: The

text: loop

text: was

text: originally

text: provided

text: to

text: save

text: the

text: original

text: steam

text: locomotives

text: having

text: to

text: run

text: around

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: train

text: saving

text: much

text: time

text: Today

text: the

text: driver

text: does

text: not

text: have

text: to

text: change

text: ends

text: at

text: termini

text: provided

text: with

text: such

text: a

text: loop

text: but

text: the

text: time

text: saving

text: is

text: not

text: so

text: significant

text: as

text: it

text: takes

text: almost

text: as

text: long

text: to

text: drive

text: round

text: the

text: loop

text: as

text: it

text: does

text: to

text: change

text: ends

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: loops

text: have

text: been

text: lost

text: as

text: lines

text: were

text: extended

question: Why some lines of Paris Metro have to operate on a four-rail system?

answer: rubber tyres

text: rubber tyres

question: What was the solution for the return current problem in Paris Metro?

answer: two guide rails

text: two guide rails

question: What is required in order for the guide rails to operate properly?

answer: a single polarity supply

text: a single polarity supply

question: How train is able to turn around after each completed journey?

answer: reversing loops

text: reversing loops

question: Why was the reversing loop created?

answer: having to 'run around' the rest of the train

text: having to 'run around' the rest of the train


text: The theme of racial injustice appears symbolically in the novel as well. For example, Atticus must shoot a rabid dog, even though it is not his job to do so. Carolyn Jones argues that the dog represents prejudice within the town of Maycomb, and Atticus, who waits on a deserted street to shoot the dog, must fight against the town's racism without help from other white citizens. He is also alone when he faces a group intending to lynch Tom Robinson and once more in the courthouse during Tom's trial. Lee even uses dreamlike imagery from the mad dog incident to describe some of the courtroom scenes. Jones writes, "[t]he real mad dog in Maycomb is the racism that denies the humanity of Tom Robinson .... When Atticus makes his summation to the jury, he literally bares himself to the jury's and the town's anger."

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

text: The

text: theme

text: of

text: racial

text: injustice

text: appears

text: symbolically

text: in

text: the

text: novel

text: as

text: well

text: For

text: example

text: Atticus

text: must

text: shoot

text: a

text: rabid

text: dog

text: even

text: though

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: his

text: job

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: Carolyn

text: Jones

text: argues

text: that

text: the

text: dog

text: represents

text: prejudice

text: within

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Maycomb

text: and

text: Atticus

text: who

text: waits

text: on

text: a

text: deserted

text: street

text: to

text: shoot

text: the

text: dog

text: must

text: fight

text: against

text: the

text: town

text: 's

text: racism

text: without

text: help

text: from

text: other

text: white

text: citizens

text: He

text: is

text: also

text: alone

text: when

text: he

text: faces

text: a

text: group

text: intending

text: to

text: lynch

text: Tom

text: Robinson

text: and

text: once

text: more

text: in

text: the

text: courthouse

text: during

text: Tom

text: 's

text: trial

text: Lee

text: even

text: uses

text: dreamlike

text: imagery

text: from

text: the

text: mad

text: dog

text: incident

text: to

text: describe

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: courtroom

text: scenes

text: Jones

text: writes

text: t]he

text: real

text: mad

text: dog

text: in

text: Maycomb

text: is

text: the

text: racism

text: that

text: denies

text: the

text: humanity

text: of

text: Tom

text: Robinson

text: When

text: Atticus

text: makes

text: his

text: summation

text: to

text: the

text: jury

text: he

text: literally

text: bares

text: himself

text: to

text: the

text: jury

text: 's

text: and

text: the

text: town

text: 's

text: anger

question: Atticus is tasked with killing what animal in the novel?

answer: a rabid dog

text: a rabid dog

question: What is Atticus shooting the rabid dog symbolic of?

answer: fight against the town's racism

text: fight against the town's racism


text: In 1900, after Galveston was struck by a devastating hurricane, efforts to make Houston into a viable deep-water port were accelerated. The following year, oil discovered at the Spindletop oil field near Beaumont prompted the development of the Texas petroleum industry. In 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt approved a $1 million improvement project for the Houston Ship Channel. By 1910 the city's population had reached 78,800, almost doubling from a decade before. African-Americans formed a large part of the city's population, numbering 23,929 people, or nearly one-third of the residents.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: In

text: after

text: Galveston

text: was

text: struck

text: by

text: a

text: devastating

text: hurricane

text: efforts

text: to

text: make

text: Houston

text: into

text: a

text: viable

text: deep

text: water

text: port

text: were

text: accelerated

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: oil

text: discovered

text: at

text: the

text: Spindletop

text: oil

text: field

text: near

text: Beaumont

text: prompted

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: Texas

text: petroleum

text: industry

text: In

text: President

text: Theodore

text: Roosevelt

text: approved

text: a

text: million

text: improvement

text: project

text: for

text: the

text: Houston

text: Ship

text: Channel

text: By

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: had

text: reached

text: almost

text: doubling

text: from

text: a

text: decade

text: before

text: African

text: Americans

text: formed

text: a

text: large

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: numbering

text: people

text: or

text: nearly

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: residents

question: What event caused an increase in effort to promote the Houston port?

answer: hurricane

text: hurricane

question: Where was oil found that promoted the development of the oil industry in Houston?

answer: Spindletop

text: Spindletop

question: Near what Texas city is the Spindletop oil field located?

answer: Beaumont

text: Beaumont

question: In what year did Houston's population reach 78,000?

answer: 1910

question: Who approved the improvement project for the Houston ship channel?

answer: President Theodore Roosevelt

text: President Theodore Roosevelt


text: In early 1962 Nasser again attempted to wrest control of the military command from Amer. Amer responded by directly confronting Nasser for the first time and secretly rallying his loyalist officers. Nasser ultimately backed down, wary of a possible violent confrontation between the military and his civilian government. According to Boghdadi, the stress caused by the UAR's collapse and Amer's increasing autonomy forced Nasser, who already had diabetes, to practically live on painkillers from then on.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: In

text: early

text: Nasser

text: again

text: attempted

text: to

text: wrest

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: military

text: command

text: from

text: Amer

text: Amer

text: responded

text: by

text: directly

text: confronting

text: Nasser

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: and

text: secretly

text: rallying

text: his

text: loyalist

text: officers

text: Nasser

text: ultimately

text: backed

text: down

text: wary

text: of

text: a

text: possible

text: violent

text: confrontation

text: between

text: the

text: military

text: and

text: his

text: civilian

text: government

text: According

text: to

text: Boghdadi

text: the

text: stress

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: UAR

text: 's

text: collapse

text: and

text: Amer

text: 's

text: increasing

text: autonomy

text: forced

text: Nasser

text: who

text: already

text: had

text: diabetes

text: to

text: practically

text: live

text: on

text: painkillers

text: from

text: then

text: on

question: From whom did Nasser want to seize control of Egypt's military?

answer: Amer

text: Amer

question: Who blinked in the confrontation between Nasser and Amer?

answer: Nasser

text: Nasser

question: How did Amer respond to Nasser's attempts to marginalize him?

answer: directly confronting Nasser

text: directly confronting Nasser

question: How did Nasser deal with the stress of the UAR's collapse and Amer's intransigence?

answer: painkillers

text: painkillers

question: From what chronic illness was Nasser suffering?

answer: diabetes

text: diabetes