text: When comparing different documents, or "witnesses", of a single, original text, the observed differences are called variant readings, or simply variants or readings. It is not always apparent which single variant represents the author's original work. The process of textual criticism seeks to explain how each variant may have entered the text, either by accident (duplication or omission) or intention (harmonization or censorship), as scribes or supervisors transmitted the original author's text by copying it. The textual critic's task, therefore, is to sort through the variants, eliminating those most likely to be un-original, hence establishing a "critical text", or critical edition, that is intended to best approximate the original. At the same time, the critical text should document variant readings, so the relation of extant witnesses to the reconstructed original is apparent to a reader of the critical edition. In establishing the critical text, the textual critic considers both "external" evidence (the age, provenance, and affiliation of each witness) and "internal" or "physical" considerations (what the author and scribes, or printers, were likely to have done).

title: Textual_criticism

title: Textual_criticism

text: When

text: comparing

text: different

text: documents

text: or

text: witnesses

text: of

text: a

text: single

text: original

text: text

text: the

text: observed

text: differences

text: are

text: called

text: variant

text: readings

text: or

text: simply

text: variants

text: or

text: readings

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: always

text: apparent

text: which

text: single

text: variant

text: represents

text: the

text: author

text: 's

text: original

text: work

text: The

text: process

text: of

text: textual

text: criticism

text: seeks

text: to

text: explain

text: how

text: each

text: variant

text: may

text: have

text: entered

text: the

text: text

text: either

text: by

text: accident

text: duplication

text: or

text: omission

text: or

text: intention

text: harmonization

text: or

text: censorship

text: as

text: scribes

text: or

text: supervisors

text: transmitted

text: the

text: original

text: author

text: 's

text: text

text: by

text: copying

text: it

text: The

text: textual

text: critic

text: 's

text: task

text: therefore

text: is

text: to

text: sort

text: through

text: the

text: variants

text: eliminating

text: those

text: most

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: un

text: original

text: hence

text: establishing

text: a

text: critical

text: text

text: or

text: critical

text: edition

text: that

text: is

text: intended

text: to

text: best

text: approximate

text: the

text: original

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: critical

text: text

text: should

text: document

text: variant

text: readings

text: so

text: the

text: relation

text: of

text: extant

text: witnesses

text: to

text: the

text: reconstructed

text: original

text: is

text: apparent

text: to

text: a

text: reader

text: of

text: the

text: critical

text: edition

text: In

text: establishing

text: the

text: critical

text: text

text: the

text: textual

text: critic

text: considers

text: both

text: external

text: evidence

text: the

text: age

text: provenance

text: and

text: affiliation

text: of

text: each

text: witness

text: and

text: internal

text: or

text: physical

text: considerations

text: what

text: the

text: author

text: and

text: scribes

text: or

text: printers

text: were

text: likely

text: to

text: have

text: done

question: Different documents that represent the same original text are called what?

answer: witnesses

text: witnesses

question: What are the variations in the text of witnesses known as?

answer: variant readings, or simply variants or readings.

text: variant readings, or simply variants or readings.

question: How or why do variations enter a witness text?

answer: either by accident (duplication or omission) or intention (harmonization or censorship)

text: either by accident (duplication or omission) or intention (harmonization or censorship)

question: As well as representing the original text, a critical text must also do what?

answer: document variant readings

text: document variant readings

question: Why is it important to document variations in witness texts when compiling a critical text?

answer: so the relation of extant witnesses to the reconstructed original is apparent to a reader of the critical edition.

text: so the relation of extant witnesses to the reconstructed original is apparent to a reader of the critical edition.


text: Genetic engineering is now a routine research tool with model organisms. For example, genes are easily added to bacteria and lineages of knockout mice with a specific gene's function disrupted are used to investigate that gene's function. Many organisms have been genetically modified for applications in agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine.

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: Genetic

text: engineering

text: is

text: now

text: a

text: routine

text: research

text: tool

text: with

text: model

text: organisms

text: For

text: example

text: genes

text: are

text: easily

text: added

text: to

text: bacteria

text: and

text: lineages

text: of

text: knockout

text: mice

text: with

text: a

text: specific

text: gene

text: 's

text: function

text: disrupted

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: investigate

text: that

text: gene

text: 's

text: function

text: Many

text: organisms

text: have

text: been

text: genetically

text: modified

text: for

text: applications

text: in

text: agriculture

text: industrial

text: biotechnology

text: and

text: medicine

question: What has become a common research tool with model organisms?

answer: Genetic engineering

text: Genetic engineering

question: What do scientists explore by adding genes to mice with a certain gene's function disrupted?

answer: that gene's function

text: that gene's function

question: What is an application for which organisms have been modified for?

answer: agriculture

text: agriculture

question: What is another for which  organisms have been modified for?

answer: industrial biotechnology

text: industrial biotechnology

question: What is yet another application for which  organisms have been modified for?

answer: medicine

text: medicine


text: In February 1918, he was appointed Officer in Charge of Boys at the Royal Naval Air Service's training establishment at Cranwell. With the establishment of the Royal Air Force two months later and the transfer of Cranwell from Navy to Air Force control, he transferred from the Royal Navy to the Royal Air Force. He was appointed Officer Commanding Number 4 Squadron of the Boys' Wing at Cranwell until August 1918, before reporting to the RAF's Cadet School at St Leonards-on-Sea where he completed a fortnight's training and took command of a squadron on the Cadet Wing. He was the first member of the royal family to be certified as a fully qualified pilot. During the closing weeks of the war, he served on the staff of the RAF's Independent Air Force at its headquarters in Nancy, France. Following the disbanding of the Independent Air Force in November 1918, he remained on the Continent for two months as a staff officer with the Royal Air Force until posted back to Britain. He accompanied the Belgian monarch King Albert on his triumphal reentry into Brussels on 22 November. Prince Albert qualified as an RAF pilot on 31 July 1919 and gained a promotion to squadron leader on the following day.

title: George_VI

title: George_VI

text: In

text: February

text: he

text: was

text: appointed

text: Officer

text: in

text: Charge

text: of

text: Boys

text: at

text: the

text: Royal

text: Naval

text: Air

text: Service

text: 's

text: training

text: establishment

text: at

text: Cranwell

text: With

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: two

text: months

text: later

text: and

text: the

text: transfer

text: of

text: Cranwell

text: from

text: Navy

text: to

text: Air

text: Force

text: control

text: he

text: transferred

text: from

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: to

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: He

text: was

text: appointed

text: Officer

text: Commanding

text: Number

text: Squadron

text: of

text: the

text: Boys

text: Wing

text: at

text: Cranwell

text: until

text: August

text: before

text: reporting

text: to

text: the

text: RAF

text: 's

text: Cadet

text: School

text: at

text: St

text: Leonards

text: on

text: Sea

text: where

text: he

text: completed

text: a

text: fortnight

text: 's

text: training

text: and

text: took

text: command

text: of

text: a

text: squadron

text: on

text: the

text: Cadet

text: Wing

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: royal

text: family

text: to

text: be

text: certified

text: as

text: a

text: fully

text: qualified

text: pilot

text: During

text: the

text: closing

text: weeks

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: he

text: served

text: on

text: the

text: staff

text: of

text: the

text: RAF

text: 's

text: Independent

text: Air

text: Force

text: at

text: its

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Nancy

text: France

text: Following

text: the

text: disbanding

text: of

text: the

text: Independent

text: Air

text: Force

text: in

text: November

text: he

text: remained

text: on

text: the

text: Continent

text: for

text: two

text: months

text: as

text: a

text: staff

text: officer

text: with

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: until

text: posted

text: back

text: to

text: Britain

text: He

text: accompanied

text: the

text: Belgian

text: monarch

text: King

text: Albert

text: on

text: his

text: triumphal

text: reentry

text: into

text: Brussels

text: on

text: November

text: Prince

text: Albert

text: qualified

text: as

text: an

text: RAF

text: pilot

text: on

text: July

text: and

text: gained

text: a

text: promotion

text: to

text: squadron

text: leader

text: on

text: the

text: following

text: day

question: What position was Albert appointed at Cranwell?

answer: Officer in Charge of Boys at the Royal Naval Air Service

text: Officer in Charge of Boys at the Royal Naval Air Service

question: Which number squadron was Albert appointed commanding officer in 1918?

answer: 4

question: What year did Albert become a RAF pilot?

answer: 1919

question: Who was the king of Belgium  in 1918?

answer: King Albert

text: King Albert


text: Funeral and commemorative rites varied according to wealth, status and religious context. In Cicero's time, the better-off sacrificed a sow at the funeral pyre before cremation. The dead consumed their portion in the flames of the pyre, Ceres her portion through the flame of her altar, and the family at the site of the cremation. For the less well-off, inhumation with "a libation of wine, incense, and fruit or crops was sufficient". Ceres functioned as an intermediary between the realms of the living and the dead: the deceased had not yet fully passed to the world of the dead and could share a last meal with the living. The ashes (or body) were entombed or buried. On the eighth day of mourning, the family offered further sacrifice, this time on the ground; the shade of the departed was assumed to have passed entirely into the underworld. They had become one of the di Manes, who were collectively celebrated and appeased at the Parentalia, a multi-day festival of remembrance in February.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: Funeral

text: and

text: commemorative

text: rites

text: varied

text: according

text: to

text: wealth

text: status

text: and

text: religious

text: context

text: In

text: Cicero

text: 's

text: time

text: the

text: better

text: off

text: sacrificed

text: a

text: sow

text: at

text: the

text: funeral

text: pyre

text: before

text: cremation

text: The

text: dead

text: consumed

text: their

text: portion

text: in

text: the

text: flames

text: of

text: the

text: pyre

text: Ceres

text: her

text: portion

text: through

text: the

text: flame

text: of

text: her

text: altar

text: and

text: the

text: family

text: at

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: cremation

text: For

text: the

text: less

text: well

text: off

text: inhumation

text: with

text: a

text: libation

text: of

text: wine

text: incense

text: and

text: fruit

text: or

text: crops

text: was

text: sufficient

text: Ceres

text: functioned

text: as

text: an

text: intermediary

text: between

text: the

text: realms

text: of

text: the

text: living

text: and

text: the

text: dead

text: the

text: deceased

text: had

text: not

text: yet

text: fully

text: passed

text: to

text: the

text: world

text: of

text: the

text: dead

text: and

text: could

text: share

text: a

text: last

text: meal

text: with

text: the

text: living

text: The

text: ashes

text: or

text: body

text: were

text: entombed

text: or

text: buried

text: On

text: the

text: eighth

text: day

text: of

text: mourning

text: the

text: family

text: offered

text: further

text: sacrifice

text: this

text: time

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: the

text: shade

text: of

text: the

text: departed

text: was

text: assumed

text: to

text: have

text: passed

text: entirely

text: into

text: the

text: underworld

text: They

text: had

text: become

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: di

text: Manes

text: who

text: were

text: collectively

text: celebrated

text: and

text: appeased

text: at

text: the

text: Parentalia

text: a

text: multi

text: day

text: festival

text: of

text: remembrance

text: in

text: February

question: What type of rites varied in accordance with status and religion?

answer: Funeral and commemorative

text: Funeral and commemorative

question: What was the grave sacrifice in Cicero's time?

answer: sow

text: sow

question: What class gave only wine and food as a grave offering?

answer: less well-off

text: less well-off

question: What was the multi day of remembrance for the dead?

answer: Parentalia

text: Parentalia

question: What goddess was an intermediary  between the dead and the living?

answer: Ceres

text: Ceres


text: In the Age of Reason philosophical tracts and speculations on history and human nature integrated literature with social and political developments. The inevitable reaction was the explosion of Romanticism in the later 18th century which reclaimed the imaginative and fantastical bias of old romances and folk-literature and asserted the primacy of individual experience and emotion. But as the 19th-century went on, European fiction evolved towards realism and naturalism, the meticulous documentation of real life and social trends. Much of the output of naturalism was implicitly polemical, and influenced social and political change, but 20th century fiction and drama moved back towards the subjective, emphasising unconscious motivations and social and environmental pressures on the individual. Writers such as Proust, Eliot, Joyce, Kafka and Pirandello exemplify the trend of documenting internal rather than external realities.

title: Literature

title: Literature

text: In

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Reason

text: philosophical

text: tracts

text: and

text: speculations

text: on

text: history

text: and

text: human

text: nature

text: integrated

text: literature

text: with

text: social

text: and

text: political

text: developments

text: The

text: inevitable

text: reaction

text: was

text: the

text: explosion

text: of

text: Romanticism

text: in

text: the

text: later

text: century

text: which

text: reclaimed

text: the

text: imaginative

text: and

text: fantastical

text: bias

text: of

text: old

text: romances

text: and

text: folk

text: literature

text: and

text: asserted

text: the

text: primacy

text: of

text: individual

text: experience

text: and

text: emotion

text: But

text: as

text: the

text: century

text: went

text: on

text: European

text: fiction

text: evolved

text: towards

text: realism

text: and

text: naturalism

text: the

text: meticulous

text: documentation

text: of

text: real

text: life

text: and

text: social

text: trends

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: output

text: of

text: naturalism

text: was

text: implicitly

text: polemical

text: and

text: influenced

text: social

text: and

text: political

text: change

text: but

text: century

text: fiction

text: and

text: drama

text: moved

text: back

text: towards

text: the

text: subjective

text: emphasising

text: unconscious

text: motivations

text: and

text: social

text: and

text: environmental

text: pressures

text: on

text: the

text: individual

text: Writers

text: such

text: as

text: Proust

text: Eliot

text: Joyce

text: Kafka

text: and

text: Pirandello

text: exemplify

text: the

text: trend

text: of

text: documenting

text: internal

text: rather

text: than

text: external

text: realities

question: What literary movement in the 1700s recalled the fantastical literature of medieval times?

answer: Romanticism

text: Romanticism

question: What elements in 19th century European literature were a reaction to the romanticism movement?

answer: realism and naturalism

text: realism and naturalism

question: What are two elements prevalent among characters at the center of romanticism works?

answer: individual experience and emotion

text: individual experience and emotion

question: How did naturalism effect the greater world?

answer: influenced social and political change

text: influenced social and political change

question: 20th century literature reacted to the objectivity of naturalism in the 19th century to what?

answer: the subjective

text: the subjective


text: All of these traditions, including festivals, martial arts, dress, literature, sport and games such as Shax, have immensely contributed to the enrichment of Somali heritage.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: All

text: of

text: these

text: traditions

text: including

text: festivals

text: martial

text: arts

text: dress

text: literature

text: sport

text: and

text: games

text: such

text: as

text: Shax

text: have

text: immensely

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: enrichment

text: of

text: Somali

text: heritage

question: What is a notable game that is played in Somalia?

answer: Shax

text: Shax

question: Along with sport, games, literature, dress and festivals, what is a notable Somali cultural tradition?

answer: martial arts

text: martial arts


text: In 677 (during the reign of Emperor Gaozong), Chen Zheng (陳政), together with his son Chen Yuanguang (陳元光), led a military expedition to pacify the rebellion in Fujian. They settled in Zhangzhou and brought the Middle Chinese phonology of northern China during the 7th century into Zhangzhou; In 885, (during the reign of Emperor Xizong of Tang), the two brothers Wang Chao (王潮) and Wang Shenzhi (王審知), led a military expedition force to pacify the Huang Chao rebellion. They brought the Middle Chinese phonology commonly spoken in Northern China into Zhangzhou. These two waves of migrations from the north generally brought the language of northern Middle Chinese into the Fujian region. This then gradually evolved into the Zhangzhou dialect.

title: Hokkien

title: Hokkien

text: In

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Emperor

text: Gaozong

text: Chen

text: Zheng

text: 陳政

text: together

text: with

text: his

text: son

text: Chen

text: Yuanguang

text: 陳元光

text: led

text: a

text: military

text: expedition

text: to

text: pacify

text: the

text: rebellion

text: in

text: Fujian

text: They

text: settled

text: in

text: Zhangzhou

text: and

text: brought

text: the

text: Middle

text: Chinese

text: phonology

text: of

text: northern

text: China

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: into

text: Zhangzhou

text: In

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Emperor

text: Xizong

text: of

text: Tang

text: the

text: two

text: brothers

text: Wang

text: Chao

text: 王潮

text: and

text: Wang

text: Shenzhi

text: 王審知

text: led

text: a

text: military

text: expedition

text: force

text: to

text: pacify

text: the

text: Huang

text: Chao

text: rebellion

text: They

text: brought

text: the

text: Middle

text: Chinese

text: phonology

text: commonly

text: spoken

text: in

text: Northern

text: China

text: into

text: Zhangzhou

text: These

text: two

text: waves

text: of

text: migrations

text: from

text: the

text: north

text: generally

text: brought

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: northern

text: Middle

text: Chinese

text: into

text: the

text: Fujian

text: region

text: This

text: then

text: gradually

text: evolved

text: into

text: the

text: Zhangzhou

text: dialect

question: Who was the ruler of China in 677?

answer: Emperor Gaozong

text: Emperor Gaozong

question: Who led the military expedition in Fujian?

answer: Chen Zheng

text: Chen Zheng

question: What is the name of the son of Chen Zheng?

answer: Chen Yuanguang

text: Chen Yuanguang

question: Who was the ruler of China in 885?

answer: Emperor Xizong of Tang

text: Emperor Xizong of Tang

question: What was responsible for bringing the language of North middle China to the Fujian region?

answer: two waves of migrations from the north

text: two waves of migrations from the north


text: The most accurate timekeeping devices are atomic clocks, which are accurate to seconds in many millions of years, and are used to calibrate other clocks and timekeeping instruments. Atomic clocks use the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms to measure the second. One of the most common atoms used is caesium, most modern atomic clocks probe caesium with microwaves to determine the frequency of these electron vibrations. Since 1967, the International System of Measurements bases its unit of time, the second, on the properties of caesium atoms. SI defines the second as 9,192,631,770 cycles of the radiation that corresponds to the transition between two electron spin energy levels of the ground state of the 133Cs atom.

title: Time

title: Time

text: The

text: most

text: accurate

text: timekeeping

text: devices

text: are

text: atomic

text: clocks

text: which

text: are

text: accurate

text: to

text: seconds

text: in

text: many

text: millions

text: of

text: years

text: and

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: calibrate

text: other

text: clocks

text: and

text: timekeeping

text: instruments

text: Atomic

text: clocks

text: use

text: the

text: frequency

text: of

text: electronic

text: transitions

text: in

text: certain

text: atoms

text: to

text: measure

text: the

text: second

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: atoms

text: used

text: is

text: caesium

text: most

text: modern

text: atomic

text: clocks

text: probe

text: caesium

text: with

text: microwaves

text: to

text: determine

text: the

text: frequency

text: of

text: these

text: electron

text: vibrations

text: Since

text: the

text: International

text: System

text: of

text: Measurements

text: bases

text: its

text: unit

text: of

text: time

text: the

text: second

text: on

text: the

text: properties

text: of

text: caesium

text: atoms

text: SI

text: defines

text: the

text: second

text: as

text: cycles

text: of

text: the

text: radiation

text: that

text: corresponds

text: to

text: the

text: transition

text: between

text: two

text: electron

text: spin

text: energy

text: levels

text: of

text: the

text: ground

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: atom

question: Which timekeeping devices are the most accurate?

answer: atomic clocks

text: atomic clocks

question: What method do atomic clocks use to measure seconds?

answer: the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms

text: the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms

question: Which system bases its unit of time on the properties of caesium?

answer: the International System of Measurements

text: the International System of Measurements

question: How long has the International System of Measurements based the second on caesium?

answer: Since 1967

text: Since 1967


text: Opponents argue that actual energy savings are inconclusive, that DST increases health risks such as heart attack, that DST can disrupt morning activities, and that the act of changing clocks twice a year is economically and socially disruptive and cancels out any benefit. Farmers have tended to oppose DST.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: Opponents

text: argue

text: that

text: actual

text: energy

text: savings

text: are

text: inconclusive

text: that

text: DST

text: increases

text: health

text: risks

text: such

text: as

text: heart

text: attack

text: that

text: DST

text: can

text: disrupt

text: morning

text: activities

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: act

text: of

text: changing

text: clocks

text: twice

text: a

text: year

text: is

text: economically

text: and

text: socially

text: disruptive

text: and

text: cancels

text: out

text: any

text: benefit

text: Farmers

text: have

text: tended

text: to

text: oppose

text: DST

question: What major health risk do people who oppose DST say it increases?

answer: heart attack

text: heart attack

question: What profession is more likely to want to repeal DST: farmers or shopkeepers?

answer: Farmers

text: Farmers

question: What adjective would those against DST use to describe the energy savings touted by supporters?

answer: inconclusive

text: inconclusive

question: What time of day do opponents of daylight savings believe is disrupted the most by the time shift?

answer: morning

text: morning


text: The government has established an Integration Office under the Department of Foreign Affairs and the Department of Economic Affairs. To minimise the negative consequences of Switzerland's isolation from the rest of Europe, Bern and Brussels signed seven bilateral agreements to further liberalise trade ties. These agreements were signed in 1999 and took effect in 2001. This first series of bilateral agreements included the free movement of persons. A second series covering nine areas was signed in 2004 and has since been ratified, which includes the Schengen Treaty and the Dublin Convention besides others. They continue to discuss further areas for cooperation.

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: The

text: government

text: has

text: established

text: an

text: Integration

text: Office

text: under

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Foreign

text: Affairs

text: and

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Economic

text: Affairs

text: To

text: minimise

text: the

text: negative

text: consequences

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: 's

text: isolation

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: Europe

text: Bern

text: and

text: Brussels

text: signed

text: seven

text: bilateral

text: agreements

text: to

text: further

text: liberalise

text: trade

text: ties

text: These

text: agreements

text: were

text: signed

text: in

text: and

text: took

text: effect

text: in

text: This

text: first

text: series

text: of

text: bilateral

text: agreements

text: included

text: the

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: persons

text: A

text: second

text: series

text: covering

text: nine

text: areas

text: was

text: signed

text: in

text: and

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: ratified

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: Schengen

text: Treaty

text: and

text: the

text: Dublin

text: Convention

text: besides

text: others

text: They

text: continue

text: to

text: discuss

text: further

text: areas

text: for

text: cooperation

question: How many bilateral agreements did Bern and Brussels sign to further liberalise trade ties?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: What was included in the first series of bilateral agreements pertaining to people?

answer: free movement of persons

text: free movement of persons

question: When was a second series of 9 bilateral agreements signed?

answer: 2004

question: What has since happened to the second series of bilateral agreements?

answer: has since been ratified

text: has since been ratified

question: What were the original bilateral agreements meant to minimize the negative consequences of?

answer: Switzerland's isolation from the rest of Europe

text: Switzerland's isolation from the rest of Europe


text: Mexico City is Latin America's leading center for the television, music and film industries. It is also Mexico's most important for the printed media and book publishing industries. Dozens of daily newspapers are published, including El Universal, Excélsior, Reforma and La Jornada. Other major papers include Milenio, Crónica, El Economista and El Financiero. Leading magazines include Expansión, Proceso, Poder, as well as dozens of entertainment publications such as Vanidades, Quién, Chilango, TV Notas, and local editions of Vogue, GQ, and Architectural Digest.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: Mexico

text: City

text: is

text: Latin

text: America

text: 's

text: leading

text: center

text: for

text: the

text: television

text: music

text: and

text: film

text: industries

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: Mexico

text: 's

text: most

text: important

text: for

text: the

text: printed

text: media

text: and

text: book

text: publishing

text: industries

text: Dozens

text: of

text: daily

text: newspapers

text: are

text: published

text: including

text: El

text: Universal

text: Excélsior

text: Reforma

text: and

text: La

text: Jornada

text: Other

text: major

text: papers

text: include

text: Milenio

text: Crónica

text: El

text: Economista

text: and

text: El

text: Financiero

text: Leading

text: magazines

text: include

text: Expansión

text: Proceso

text: Poder

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: dozens

text: of

text: entertainment

text: publications

text: such

text: as

text: Vanidades

text: Quién

text: Chilango

text: TV

text: Notas

text: and

text: local

text: editions

text: of

text: Vogue

text: GQ

text: and

text: Architectural

text: Digest

question: How many newspaper call Mexico City home?

answer: Dozens

text: Dozens

question: What is one of the main papers of Mexico City?

answer: El Universal

text: El Universal

question: What American magazines have a footprint in Mexico City?

answer: Vogue, GQ, and Architectural Digest

text: Vogue, GQ, and Architectural Digest

question: How many entertainment magazines are published in Mexico City?

answer: dozens

text: dozens


text: "Digimon" are "Digital Monsters". According to the stories, they are inhabitants of the "DigiWorld", a manifestation of Earth's communication network. The stories tell of a group of mostly pre-teens, who accompany special Digimon born to defend their world (and ours) from various evil forces. To help them surmount the most difficult obstacles found within both realms, the Digimon have the ability to evolve (Digivolve) In this process, the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well. The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series.

title: Digimon

title: Digimon

text: Digimon

text: are

text: Digital

text: Monsters

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: stories

text: they

text: are

text: inhabitants

text: of

text: the

text: DigiWorld

text: a

text: manifestation

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: communication

text: network

text: The

text: stories

text: tell

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: mostly

text: pre

text: teens

text: who

text: accompany

text: special

text: Digimon

text: born

text: to

text: defend

text: their

text: world

text: and

text: ours

text: from

text: various

text: evil

text: forces

text: To

text: help

text: them

text: surmount

text: the

text: most

text: difficult

text: obstacles

text: found

text: within

text: both

text: realms

text: the

text: Digimon

text: have

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: evolve

text: Digivolve

text: In

text: this

text: process

text: the

text: Digimon

text: change

text: appearance

text: and

text: become

text: much

text: stronger

text: often

text: changing

text: in

text: personality

text: as

text: well

text: The

text: group

text: of

text: children

text: who

text: come

text: in

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: Digital

text: World

text: changes

text: from

text: series

text: to

text: series

question: What is the world in which the digimon live?

answer: a manifestation of Earth's communication network

text: a manifestation of Earth's communication network

question: What happens to a digimon after they evolve?

answer: the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well

text: the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well

question: Who accompanies the digimon as they work to save their world?

answer: a group of mostly pre-teens

text: a group of mostly pre-teens

question: Are the children who accompany the digimon always the same?

answer: The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series

text: The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series

question: What is the world of the digimon called?

answer: DigiWorld

text: DigiWorld

question: Where are Digimon the inhabitants of?

answer: DigiWorld

text: DigiWorld

question: What group of kids are in charge of the Digimons?

answer: mostly pre-teens

text: mostly pre-teens

question: What is the process called when Digimon get stronger?

answer: Digivolve

text: Digivolve


text: This method produces the clear plastic blank part of the disc. After a metallic reflecting layer (usually aluminium, but sometimes gold or other metal) is applied to the clear blank substrate, the disc goes under a UV light for curing and it is ready to go to press. To prepare to press a CD, a glass master is made, using a high-powered laser on a device similar to a CD writer. The glass master is a positive image of the desired CD surface (with the desired microscopic pits and lands). After testing, it is used to make a die by pressing it against a metal disc.

title: Compact_disc

title: Compact_disc

text: This

text: method

text: produces

text: the

text: clear

text: plastic

text: blank

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: disc

text: After

text: a

text: metallic

text: reflecting

text: layer

text: usually

text: aluminium

text: but

text: sometimes

text: gold

text: or

text: other

text: metal

text: is

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: clear

text: blank

text: substrate

text: the

text: disc

text: goes

text: under

text: a

text: UV

text: light

text: for

text: curing

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: ready

text: to

text: go

text: to

text: press

text: To

text: prepare

text: to

text: press

text: a

text: CD

text: a

text: glass

text: master

text: is

text: made

text: using

text: a

text: high

text: powered

text: laser

text: on

text: a

text: device

text: similar

text: to

text: a

text: CD

text: writer

text: The

text: glass

text: master

text: is

text: a

text: positive

text: image

text: of

text: the

text: desired

text: CD

text: surface

text: with

text: the

text: desired

text: microscopic

text: pits

text: and

text: lands

text: After

text: testing

text: it

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: make

text: a

text: die

text: by

text: pressing

text: it

text: against

text: a

text: metal

text: disc

question: What materials can be used to make the reflective layer on a CD?

answer: usually aluminium, but sometimes gold or other metal

text: usually aluminium, but sometimes gold or other metal

question: What type of light is used to cure CDs?

answer: UV

text: UV

question: What is a glass master?

answer: positive image of the desired CD surface

text: positive image of the desired CD surface

question: How are glass masters created?

answer: high-powered laser

text: high-powered laser


text: Tito has also been named as responsible for systematic eradication of the ethnic German (Danube Swabian) population in Vojvodina by expulsions and mass executions following the collapse of the German occupation of Yugoslavia at the end of World War II, in contrast to his inclusive attitude towards other Yugoslav nationalities.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: Tito

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: named

text: as

text: responsible

text: for

text: systematic

text: eradication

text: of

text: the

text: ethnic

text: German

text: Danube

text: Swabian

text: population

text: in

text: Vojvodina

text: by

text: expulsions

text: and

text: mass

text: executions

text: following

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: occupation

text: of

text: Yugoslavia

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: his

text: inclusive

text: attitude

text: towards

text: other

text: Yugoslav

text: nationalities

question: What is the ethnic origin of the Danube Swabian people?

answer: German

text: German

question: Where is the location of the Danube Swabian population?

answer: Vojvodina

text: Vojvodina

question: There were mass executions of Danube Swabian populations in what city?

answer: Vojvodina

text: Vojvodina

question: Which group of people occupied Yugoslavia at the end of World War II?

answer: German

text: German

question: At the end of what World War did the Germans occupy Yugoslavia?

answer: World War II,

text: World War II,


text: Reciprocal arrangements allow British and Irish citizens to full voting rights in the two states. Exceptions to this are presidential elections and constitutional referendums in the Republic of Ireland, for which there is no comparable franchise in the other states. In the United Kingdom, these pre-date European Union law, and in both jurisdictions go further than that required by European Union law. Other EU nationals may only vote in local and European Parliament elections while resident in either the UK or Ireland. In 2008, a UK Ministry of Justice report investigating how to strengthen the British sense of citizenship proposed to end this arrangement arguing that, "the right to vote is one of the hallmarks of the political status of citizens; it is not a means of expressing closeness between countries."

title: British_Isles

title: British_Isles

text: Reciprocal

text: arrangements

text: allow

text: British

text: and

text: Irish

text: citizens

text: to

text: full

text: voting

text: rights

text: in

text: the

text: two

text: states

text: Exceptions

text: to

text: this

text: are

text: presidential

text: elections

text: and

text: constitutional

text: referendums

text: in

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: for

text: which

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: comparable

text: franchise

text: in

text: the

text: other

text: states

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: these

text: pre

text: date

text: European

text: Union

text: law

text: and

text: in

text: both

text: jurisdictions

text: go

text: further

text: than

text: that

text: required

text: by

text: European

text: Union

text: law

text: Other

text: EU

text: nationals

text: may

text: only

text: vote

text: in

text: local

text: and

text: European

text: Parliament

text: elections

text: while

text: resident

text: in

text: either

text: the

text: UK

text: or

text: Ireland

text: In

text: a

text: UK

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Justice

text: report

text: investigating

text: how

text: to

text: strengthen

text: the

text: British

text: sense

text: of

text: citizenship

text: proposed

text: to

text: end

text: this

text: arrangement

text: arguing

text: that

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: vote

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: hallmarks

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: status

text: of

text: citizens

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: means

text: of

text: expressing

text: closeness

text: between

text: countries

question: What are the two exceptions to the voting rights in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Irelandand Britain?

answer: presidential elections and constitutional referendums

text: presidential elections and constitutional referendums

question: In what elections are other Europeans who are living in the United Kingdom or Ireland, allowed to vote in?

answer: local and European Parliament elections

text: local and European Parliament elections

question: Which ministry wants to end this type of voting of EU nationals?

answer: UK Ministry of Justice

text: UK Ministry of Justice

question: What type of arrangement let British and Irish citizens vote in each other's elections?

answer: Reciprocal arrangements

text: Reciprocal arrangements


text: Traditionally a sea-power, Portugal has had a strong tradition in the Portuguese fishing sector and is one of the countries with the highest fish consumption per capita. The main landing sites in Portugal (including Azores and Madeira), according to total landings in weight by year, are the harbours of Matosinhos, Peniche, Olhão, Sesimbra, Figueira da Foz, Sines, Portimão and Madeira. Portuguese processed fish products are exported through several companies, under a number of different brands and registered trademarks, such as Ramirez (the world’s oldest active canned fish producer), Bom Petisco, Nero, Combate, Comur, General, Líder, Manná, Murtosa, Pescador, Pitéu, Tenório, Torreira and Vasco da Gama.[citation needed]

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Traditionally

text: a

text: sea

text: power

text: Portugal

text: has

text: had

text: a

text: strong

text: tradition

text: in

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: fishing

text: sector

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: countries

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: fish

text: consumption

text: per

text: capita

text: The

text: main

text: landing

text: sites

text: in

text: Portugal

text: including

text: Azores

text: and

text: Madeira

text: according

text: to

text: total

text: landings

text: in

text: weight

text: by

text: year

text: are

text: the

text: harbours

text: of

text: Matosinhos

text: Peniche

text: Olhão

text: Sesimbra

text: Figueira

text: da

text: Foz

text: Sines

text: Portimão

text: and

text: Madeira

text: Portuguese

text: processed

text: fish

text: products

text: are

text: exported

text: through

text: several

text: companies

text: under

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: different

text: brands

text: and

text: registered

text: trademarks

text: such

text: as

text: Ramirez

text: the

text: world

text: ’s

text: oldest

text: active

text: canned

text: fish

text: producer

text: Bom

text: Petisco

text: Nero

text: Combate

text: Comur

text: General

text: Líder

text: Manná

text: Murtosa

text: Pescador

text: Pitéu

text: Tenório

text: Torreira

text: and

text: Vasco

text: da

text: Gama.[citation

text: needed

question: Which company is the world's oldest canned fish producer?

answer: Ramirez

text: Ramirez

question: What are the names of various companies that produce and export fish products?

answer: Bom Petisco, Nero, Combate, Comur, General, Líder, Manná, Murtosa, Pescador, Pitéu, Tenório, Torreira and Vasco da Gama

text: Bom Petisco, Nero, Combate, Comur, General, Líder, Manná, Murtosa, Pescador, Pitéu, Tenório, Torreira and Vasco da Gama

question: What food does Portugal have one of the highest rates of consumption of?

answer: fish

text: fish


text: Members of all classes of the Order are assigned positions in the order of precedence. Wives of male members of all classes also feature on the order of precedence, as do sons, daughters and daughters-in-law of Knights Grand Cross and Knights Commander; relatives of Ladies of the Order, however, are not assigned any special precedence. As a general rule, individuals can derive precedence from their fathers or husbands, but not from their mothers or wives (see order of precedence in England and Wales for the exact positions).

title: Order_of_the_British_Empire

title: Order_of_the_British_Empire

text: Members

text: of

text: all

text: classes

text: of

text: the

text: Order

text: are

text: assigned

text: positions

text: in

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: precedence

text: Wives

text: of

text: male

text: members

text: of

text: all

text: classes

text: also

text: feature

text: on

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: precedence

text: as

text: do

text: sons

text: daughters

text: and

text: daughters

text: in

text: law

text: of

text: Knights

text: Grand

text: Cross

text: and

text: Knights

text: Commander

text: relatives

text: of

text: Ladies

text: of

text: the

text: Order

text: however

text: are

text: not

text: assigned

text: any

text: special

text: precedence

text: As

text: a

text: general

text: rule

text: individuals

text: can

text: derive

text: precedence

text: from

text: their

text: fathers

text: or

text: husbands

text: but

text: not

text: from

text: their

text: mothers

text: or

text: wives

text: see

text: order

text: of

text: precedence

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: for

text: the

text: exact

text: positions

question: What are the Members of classes of the Order assigned to?

answer: positions in the order of precedence

text: positions in the order of precedence

question: Who of the male members feature on the order?

answer: Wives of male members of all classes also feature on the order of precedence, as do sons, daughters and daughters-in-law

text: Wives of male members of all classes also feature on the order of precedence, as do sons, daughters and daughters-in-law

question: Who are not assigned any special precedence?

answer: relatives of Ladies of the Order

text: relatives of Ladies of the Order

question: Who can individuals derive precedence from?

answer: fathers or husbands

text: fathers or husbands

question: Who can individuals can not derive precedence from?

answer: mothers or wives

text: mothers or wives


text: Enlisted members of the USAF have pay grades from E-1 (entry level) to E-9 (senior enlisted). While all USAF military personnel are referred to as Airmen, the term also refers to the pay grades of E-1 through E-4, which are below the level of non-commissioned officers (NCOs). Above the pay grade of E-4 (i.e., pay grades E-5 through E-9) all ranks fall into the category of NCO and are further subdivided into "NCOs" (pay grades E-5 and E-6) and "Senior NCOs" (pay grades E-7 through E-9); the term "Junior NCO" is sometimes used to refer to staff sergeants and technical sergeants (pay grades E-5 and E-6).

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: Enlisted

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: USAF

text: have

text: pay

text: grades

text: from

text: entry

text: level

text: to

text: senior

text: enlisted

text: While

text: all

text: USAF

text: military

text: personnel

text: are

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Airmen

text: the

text: term

text: also

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: pay

text: grades

text: of

text: through

text: which

text: are

text: below

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: non

text: commissioned

text: officers

text: NCOs

text: Above

text: the

text: pay

text: grade

text: of

text: i.e.

text: pay

text: grades

text: through

text: all

text: ranks

text: fall

text: into

text: the

text: category

text: of

text: NCO

text: and

text: are

text: further

text: subdivided

text: into

text: NCOs

text: pay

text: grades

text: and

text: and

text: Senior

text: NCOs

text: pay

text: grades

text: through

text: the

text: term

text: Junior

text: NCO

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: staff

text: sergeants

text: and

text: technical

text: sergeants

text: pay

text: grades

text: and

question: What is the lowest pay grade in the USAF?

answer: E-1 (entry level)

text: E-1 (entry level)

question: What is the highest pay grade in the USAF?

answer: E-9 (senior enlisted)

text: E-9 (senior enlisted)

question: What pay grades are included in the USAF for Senior NCOs?

answer: pay grades E-7 through E-9

text: pay grades E-7 through E-9

question: What does junior NCO refer to in the USAF pay grade system?

answer: staff sergeants and technical sergeants

text: staff sergeants and technical sergeants


text: Adolescents can conceptualize multiple "possible selves" that they could become and long-term possibilities and consequences of their choices. Exploring these possibilities may result in abrupt changes in self-presentation as the adolescent chooses or rejects qualities and behaviors, trying to guide the actual self toward the ideal self (who the adolescent wishes to be) and away from the feared self (who the adolescent does not want to be). For many, these distinctions are uncomfortable, but they also appear to motivate achievement through behavior consistent with the ideal and distinct from the feared possible selves.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Adolescents

text: can

text: conceptualize

text: multiple

text: possible

text: selves

text: that

text: they

text: could

text: become

text: and

text: long

text: term

text: possibilities

text: and

text: consequences

text: of

text: their

text: choices

text: Exploring

text: these

text: possibilities

text: may

text: result

text: in

text: abrupt

text: changes

text: in

text: self

text: presentation

text: as

text: the

text: adolescent

text: chooses

text: or

text: rejects

text: qualities

text: and

text: behaviors

text: trying

text: to

text: guide

text: the

text: actual

text: self

text: toward

text: the

text: ideal

text: self

text: who

text: the

text: adolescent

text: wishes

text: to

text: be

text: and

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: feared

text: self

text: who

text: the

text: adolescent

text: does

text: not

text: want

text: to

text: be

text: For

text: many

text: these

text: distinctions

text: are

text: uncomfortable

text: but

text: they

text: also

text: appear

text: to

text: motivate

text: achievement

text: through

text: behavior

text: consistent

text: with

text: the

text: ideal

text: and

text: distinct

text: from

text: the

text: feared

text: possible

text: selves

question: How can the ideal self be described in terms of the adolescent?

answer: who the adolescent wishes to be

text: who the adolescent wishes to be

question: How can the feared self be described in terms of the adolescent?

answer: who the adolescent does not want to be

text: who the adolescent does not want to be

question: Do adolescents demonstrate intended behavior moving towards the ideal or feared self?

answer: ideal

text: ideal


text: Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict". He told the Chatham House think tank that the fight against al-Qaeda and other militant Islamist groups was "probably the fight of our generation".

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom

text: Following

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: the

text: threat

text: of

text: direct

text: conventional

text: military

text: confrontation

text: with

text: other

text: states

text: has

text: been

text: replaced

text: by

text: terrorism

text: Sir

text: Richard

text: Dannatt

text: predicted

text: British

text: forces

text: to

text: be

text: involved

text: in

text: combating

text: predatory

text: non

text: state

text: actors

text: for

text: the

text: foreseeable

text: future

text: in

text: what

text: he

text: called

text: an

text: era

text: of

text: persistent

text: conflict

text: He

text: told

text: the

text: Chatham

text: House

text: think

text: tank

text: that

text: the

text: fight

text: against

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: and

text: other

text: militant

text: Islamist

text: groups

text: was

text: probably

text: the

text: fight

text: of

text: our

text: generation

question: What was the new threat that arose after the end of the Cold War?

answer: terrorism

text: terrorism


text: Indira Gandhi International Airport, situated to the southwest of Delhi, is the main gateway for the city's domestic and international civilian air traffic. In 2012-13, the airport was used by more than 35 million passengers, making it one of the busiest airports in South Asia. Terminal 3, which cost ₹96.8 billion (US$1.4 billion) to construct between 2007 and 2010, handles an additional 37 million passengers annually.

title: New_Delhi

title: New_Delhi

text: Indira

text: Gandhi

text: International

text: Airport

text: situated

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

text: of

text: Delhi

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: gateway

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: domestic

text: and

text: international

text: civilian

text: air

text: traffic

text: In

text: the

text: airport

text: was

text: used

text: by

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: passengers

text: making

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: busiest

text: airports

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: Terminal

text: which

text: cost

text: billion

text: US$

text: billion

text: to

text: construct

text: between

text: and

text: handles

text: an

text: additional

text: million

text: passengers

text: annually

question: What major airport is located to the southwest of Delhi?

answer: Indira Gandhi International Airport

text: Indira Gandhi International Airport

question: Approximately how many passengers used Indira Gandhi Airport from 2012-2013?

answer: 35 million

text: 35 million

question: How much money did Terminal 3 of Indira Gandhi International Airport cost to construct?

answer: ₹96.8 billion

text: ₹96.8 billion

question: How many passengers use Terminal 3 of Indira Gandhi Airport each year?

answer: 37 million

text: 37 million

question: What year was construction of Terminal 3 of Indira Gandhi airport finished?

answer: 2010


text: In Lithuania Propria and in Samogitia prior to the creation of the Kingdom of Lithuania by Mindaugas, nobles were named die beste leuten in sources that were written in German language. In the Lithuanian language nobles were named ponai. The higher nobility were named 'kunigai' or 'kunigaikščiai' (dukes)—i.e., loanword from Scandinavic konung. They were the established local leaders and warlords. During the development of the state they gradually became subordinated to higher dukes, and later to the King of Lithuania. Because of expansion of Lithuanian duchy into lands of Ruthenia in the mid of 14th century a new term appeared to denominate nobility bajorai—from Ruthenian (modern Ukrainian and Belarusian languages) бояре. This word to this day is used in Lithuanian language to name nobility, not only for own, but also for nobility of other countries.

title: Szlachta

title: Szlachta

text: In

text: Lithuania

text: Propria

text: and

text: in

text: Samogitia

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: by

text: Mindaugas

text: nobles

text: were

text: named

text: die

text: beste

text: leuten

text: in

text: sources

text: that

text: were

text: written

text: in

text: German

text: language

text: In

text: the

text: Lithuanian

text: language

text: nobles

text: were

text: named

text: ponai

text: The

text: higher

text: nobility

text: were

text: named

text: kunigai

text: or

text: kunigaikščiai

text: dukes)—i.e

text: loanword

text: from

text: Scandinavic

text: konung

text: They

text: were

text: the

text: established

text: local

text: leaders

text: and

text: warlords

text: During

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: they

text: gradually

text: became

text: subordinated

text: to

text: higher

text: dukes

text: and

text: later

text: to

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Lithuania

text: Because

text: of

text: expansion

text: of

text: Lithuanian

text: duchy

text: into

text: lands

text: of

text: Ruthenia

text: in

text: the

text: mid

text: of

text: century

text: a

text: new

text: term

text: appeared

text: to

text: denominate

text: nobility

text: bajorai

text: from

text: Ruthenian

text: modern

text: Ukrainian

text: and

text: Belarusian

text: languages

text: бояре.

text: This

text: word

text: to

text: this

text: day

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: Lithuanian

text: language

text: to

text: name

text: nobility

text: not

text: only

text: for

text: own

text: but

text: also

text: for

text: nobility

text: of

text: other

text: countries

question: WHat were nobles named in german language?

answer: die beste leuten

text: die beste leuten

question: What were the nobles named in lithuanian?

answer: ponai

text: ponai

question: What were the higher nobility named?

answer: kunigai' or 'kunigaikščiai'

text: kunigai' or 'kunigaikščiai'

question: The kunigai were subordinate to who?

answer: King of Lithuania.

text: King of Lithuania.

question: What word is used to denominate nobility?

answer: бояре

text: бояре


text: The Alaska State Troopers are Alaska's statewide police force. They have a long and storied history, but were not an official organization until 1941. Before the force was officially organized, law enforcement in Alaska was handled by various federal agencies. Larger towns usually have their own local police and some villages rely on "Public Safety Officers" who have police training but do not carry firearms. In much of the state, the troopers serve as the only police force available. In addition to enforcing traffic and criminal law, wildlife Troopers enforce hunting and fishing regulations. Due to the varied terrain and wide scope of the Troopers' duties, they employ a wide variety of land, air, and water patrol vehicles.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: The

text: Alaska

text: State

text: Troopers

text: are

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: statewide

text: police

text: force

text: They

text: have

text: a

text: long

text: and

text: storied

text: history

text: but

text: were

text: not

text: an

text: official

text: organization

text: until

text: Before

text: the

text: force

text: was

text: officially

text: organized

text: law

text: enforcement

text: in

text: Alaska

text: was

text: handled

text: by

text: various

text: federal

text: agencies

text: Larger

text: towns

text: usually

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: local

text: police

text: and

text: some

text: villages

text: rely

text: on

text: Public

text: Safety

text: Officers

text: who

text: have

text: police

text: training

text: but

text: do

text: not

text: carry

text: firearms

text: In

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: the

text: troopers

text: serve

text: as

text: the

text: only

text: police

text: force

text: available

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: enforcing

text: traffic

text: and

text: criminal

text: law

text: wildlife

text: Troopers

text: enforce

text: hunting

text: and

text: fishing

text: regulations

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: varied

text: terrain

text: and

text: wide

text: scope

text: of

text: the

text: Troopers

text: duties

text: they

text: employ

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: land

text: air

text: and

text: water

text: patrol

text: vehicles

question: In what year did Alaskan State Troopers become an official organization?

answer: 1941

question: What is different about a "Public Safety Officer" that distiguishes the position from a policeman?

answer: have police training but do not carry firearms

text: have police training but do not carry firearms

question: What do wildlife enforcers regulate?

answer: hunting and fishing regulations

text: hunting and fishing regulations

question: What type of vehicles do Troopers operate?

answer: a wide variety of land, air, and water patrol vehicles

text: a wide variety of land, air, and water patrol vehicles


text: The US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: The

text: US

text: and

text: USSR

text: began

text: discussions

text: on

text: the

text: peaceful

text: uses

text: of

text: space

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: presenting

text: issues

text: for

text: debate

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: which

text: created

text: a

text: Committee

text: on

text: the

text: Peaceful

text: Uses

text: of

text: Outer

text: Space

text: in

question: The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was established in what year?

answer: 1959

question: The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was created by what organization in 1959?

answer: United Nations

text: United Nations


text: The German materialist and atheist anthropologist Ludwig Feuerbach would signal a new turn in materialism through his book, The Essence of Christianity (1841), which provided a humanist account of religion as the outward projection of man's inward nature. Feuerbach's materialism would later heavily influence Karl Marx.

title: Materialism

title: Materialism

text: The

text: German

text: materialist

text: and

text: atheist

text: anthropologist

text: Ludwig

text: Feuerbach

text: would

text: signal

text: a

text: new

text: turn

text: in

text: materialism

text: through

text: his

text: book

text: The

text: Essence

text: of

text: Christianity

text: which

text: provided

text: a

text: humanist

text: account

text: of

text: religion

text: as

text: the

text: outward

text: projection

text: of

text: man

text: 's

text: inward

text: nature

text: Feuerbach

text: 's

text: materialism

text: would

text: later

text: heavily

text: influence

text: Karl

text: Marx

question: Who wrote "The Essence of Christianity"?

answer: Ludwig Feuerbach

text: Ludwig Feuerbach

question: In what year was "The Essence of Christianity" written?

answer: 1841

question: What did the author of "The Essence of Christianity" consider religion to be?

answer: the outward projection of man's inward nature

text: the outward projection of man's inward nature

question: The author's ideas would later influence what well known philosopher?

answer: Karl Marx

text: Karl Marx


text: At the level of the individual, there is a large literature, generally related to the work of Jacob Mincer, on how earnings are related to the schooling and other human capital. This work has motivated a large number of studies, but is also controversial. The chief controversies revolve around how to interpret the impact of schooling. Some students who have indicated a high potential for learning, by testing with a high intelligence quotient, may not achieve their full academic potential, due to financial difficulties.[citation needed]

title: Education

title: Education

text: At

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: the

text: individual

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: large

text: literature

text: generally

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Jacob

text: Mincer

text: on

text: how

text: earnings

text: are

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: schooling

text: and

text: other

text: human

text: capital

text: This

text: work

text: has

text: motivated

text: a

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: studies

text: but

text: is

text: also

text: controversial

text: The

text: chief

text: controversies

text: revolve

text: around

text: how

text: to

text: interpret

text: the

text: impact

text: of

text: schooling

text: Some

text: students

text: who

text: have

text: indicated

text: a

text: high

text: potential

text: for

text: learning

text: by

text: testing

text: with

text: a

text: high

text: intelligence

text: quotient

text: may

text: not

text: achieve

text: their

text: full

text: academic

text: potential

text: due

text: to

text: financial

text: difficulties.[citation

text: needed

question: Literature on how earnings and how it relates to schooling was greatly influenced by who?

answer: Jacob Mincer

text: Jacob Mincer

question: This view of how schooling and earnings has sparked a lot of studies, but what else has it brought up?

answer: is also controversial

text: is also controversial

question: What was one of the main concerns of this literature on how schooling and earnings?

answer: not achieve their full academic potential, due to financial difficulties

text: not achieve their full academic potential, due to financial difficulties


text: In 821/822 CE Tibet and China signed a peace treaty. A bilingual account of this treaty, including details of the borders between the two countries, is inscribed on a stone pillar which stands outside the Jokhang temple in Lhasa. Tibet continued as a Central Asian empire until the mid-9th century, when a civil war over succession led to the collapse of imperial Tibet. The period that followed is known traditionally as the Era of Fragmentation, when political control over Tibet became divided between regional warlords and tribes with no dominant centralized authority.

title: Tibet

title: Tibet

text: In

text: CE

text: Tibet

text: and

text: China

text: signed

text: a

text: peace

text: treaty

text: A

text: bilingual

text: account

text: of

text: this

text: treaty

text: including

text: details

text: of

text: the

text: borders

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: is

text: inscribed

text: on

text: a

text: stone

text: pillar

text: which

text: stands

text: outside

text: the

text: Jokhang

text: temple

text: in

text: Lhasa

text: Tibet

text: continued

text: as

text: a

text: Central

text: Asian

text: empire

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: when

text: a

text: civil

text: war

text: over

text: succession

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: imperial

text: Tibet

text: The

text: period

text: that

text: followed

text: is

text: known

text: traditionally

text: as

text: the

text: Era

text: of

text: Fragmentation

text: when

text: political

text: control

text: over

text: Tibet

text: became

text: divided

text: between

text: regional

text: warlords

text: and

text: tribes

text: with

text: no

text: dominant

text: centralized

text: authority

question: When did Tibet and China sign a peace treaty?

answer: 821/822 CE

text: 821/822 CE

question: Where does a bilingual account of Tibet and China's peace treaty exist?

answer: Jokhang temple in Lhasa

text: Jokhang temple in Lhasa

question: When did a civil war over succession lead to the collapse of imperial Tibet?

answer: mid-9th century

text: mid-9th century

question: What followed the collapse of imperial Tibet?

answer: Era of Fragmentation

text: Era of Fragmentation

question: What was divided between warlords and tribes with no dominant centralized authority?

answer: political control over Tibet

text: political control over Tibet


text: One crucial innovation in reconceptualizing genotypic and phenotypic variation was the anthropologist C. Loring Brace's observation that such variations, insofar as it is affected by natural selection, slow migration, or genetic drift, are distributed along geographic gradations or clines. In part this is due to isolation by distance. This point called attention to a problem common to phenotype-based descriptions of races (for example, those based on hair texture and skin color): they ignore a host of other similarities and differences (for example, blood type) that do not correlate highly with the markers for race. Thus, anthropologist Frank Livingstone's conclusion, that since clines cross racial boundaries, "there are no races, only clines".

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: One

text: crucial

text: innovation

text: in

text: reconceptualizing

text: genotypic

text: and

text: phenotypic

text: variation

text: was

text: the

text: anthropologist

text: C.

text: Loring

text: Brace

text: 's

text: observation

text: that

text: such

text: variations

text: insofar

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: affected

text: by

text: natural

text: selection

text: slow

text: migration

text: or

text: genetic

text: drift

text: are

text: distributed

text: along

text: geographic

text: gradations

text: or

text: clines

text: In

text: part

text: this

text: is

text: due

text: to

text: isolation

text: by

text: distance

text: This

text: point

text: called

text: attention

text: to

text: a

text: problem

text: common

text: to

text: phenotype

text: based

text: descriptions

text: of

text: races

text: for

text: example

text: those

text: based

text: on

text: hair

text: texture

text: and

text: skin

text: color

text: they

text: ignore

text: a

text: host

text: of

text: other

text: similarities

text: and

text: differences

text: for

text: example

text: blood

text: type

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: correlate

text: highly

text: with

text: the

text: markers

text: for

text: race

text: Thus

text: anthropologist

text: Frank

text: Livingstone

text: 's

text: conclusion

text: that

text: since

text: clines

text: cross

text: racial

text: boundaries

text: there

text: are

text: no

text: races

text: only

text: clines

question: What did C. Loring Brace observe about about variations?

answer: distributed along geographic gradations or clines

text: distributed along geographic gradations or clines

question: Why are variations distributed along clines?

answer: isolation by distance

text: isolation by distance

question: What is a problem common to phenotype-based descriptions of races?

answer: they ignore a host of other similarities and differences

text: they ignore a host of other similarities and differences

question: What is Frank Livingstone's profession?

answer: anthropologist

text: anthropologist

question: What is the conclusion from the evidence that clines cross racial boundaries?

answer: there are no races, only clines

text: there are no races, only clines


text: Kanye Omari West was born on June 8, 1977 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents divorced when he was three and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois. His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Ray West was later a Christian counselor, and in 2006, opened the Good Water Store and Café in Lexington Park, Maryland with startup capital from his son. West's mother, Dr. Donda C. (Williams) West, was a professor of English at Clark Atlanta University, and the Chair of the English Department at Chicago State University before retiring to serve as his manager. West was raised in a middle-class background, attending Polaris High School in suburban Oak Lawn, Illinois after living in Chicago.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: Kanye

text: Omari

text: West

text: was

text: born

text: on

text: June

text: in

text: Atlanta

text: Georgia

text: His

text: parents

text: divorced

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: three

text: and

text: he

text: and

text: his

text: mother

text: moved

text: to

text: Chicago

text: Illinois

text: His

text: father

text: Ray

text: West

text: is

text: a

text: former

text: Black

text: Panther

text: and

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: black

text: photojournalists

text: at

text: The

text: Atlanta

text: Journal

text: Constitution

text: Ray

text: West

text: was

text: later

text: a

text: Christian

text: counselor

text: and

text: in

text: opened

text: the

text: Good

text: Water

text: Store

text: and

text: Café

text: in

text: Lexington

text: Park

text: Maryland

text: with

text: startup

text: capital

text: from

text: his

text: son

text: West

text: 's

text: mother

text: Dr.

text: Donda

text: C.

text: Williams

text: West

text: was

text: a

text: professor

text: of

text: English

text: at

text: Clark

text: Atlanta

text: University

text: and

text: the

text: Chair

text: of

text: the

text: English

text: Department

text: at

text: Chicago

text: State

text: University

text: before

text: retiring

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: his

text: manager

text: West

text: was

text: raised

text: in

text: a

text: middle

text: class

text: background

text: attending

text: Polaris

text: High

text: School

text: in

text: suburban

text: Oak

text: Lawn

text: Illinois

text: after

text: living

text: in

text: Chicago

question: What subject did Kanye's mother teach at her university?

answer: English

text: English

question: What Georgia city was Kanye West born?

answer: Atlanta

text: Atlanta

question: What was the name of the business that Kanye West helped fund in 2006?

answer: Good Water Store and Café

text: Good Water Store and Café

question: Where did Kanye West's mother work before becoming his manager?

answer: Chicago State University

text: Chicago State University

question: What was the name of Kanye West's high school?

answer: Polaris High School

text: Polaris High School


text: Additionally, there are around 60,000 non-Jewish African immigrants in Israel, some of whom have sought asylum. Most of the migrants are from communities in Sudan and Eritrea, particularly the Niger-Congo-speaking Nuba groups of the southern Nuba Mountains; some are illegal immigrants.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: Additionally

text: there

text: are

text: around

text: non

text: Jewish

text: African

text: immigrants

text: in

text: Israel

text: some

text: of

text: whom

text: have

text: sought

text: asylum

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: migrants

text: are

text: from

text: communities

text: in

text: Sudan

text: and

text: Eritrea

text: particularly

text: the

text: Niger

text: Congo

text: speaking

text: Nuba

text: groups

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: Nuba

text: Mountains

text: some

text: are

text: illegal

text: immigrants

question: How many non-jewish African immigrants live in Israel?

answer: around 60,000

text: around 60,000

question: What have these immigrants sought?

answer: asylum

text: asylum

question: Where are most of them from?

answer: Sudan and Eritrea

text: Sudan and Eritrea

question: What languages do they speak?

answer: Niger-Congo

text: Niger-Congo

question: Where are the non jewish immigrants from?

answer: southern Nuba Mountains

text: southern Nuba Mountains


text: Digimon started out as digital pets called "Digital Monsters", similar in style and concept to the Tamagotchi. It was planned by WiZ and released by Bandai on June 26, 1997. The toy began as the simple concept of a Tamagotchi mainly for boys. The V-Pet is similar to its predecessors, with the exceptions of being more difficult and being able to fight other Digimon v-pets. Every owner would start with a Baby Digimon, train it, evolve it, take care of it, and then have battles with other Digimon owners to see who was stronger. The Digimon pet had several evolution capabilities and abilities too, so many owners had different Digimon. In December, the second generation of Digital Monster was released, followed by a third edition in 1998.

title: Digimon

title: Digimon

text: Digimon

text: started

text: out

text: as

text: digital

text: pets

text: called

text: Digital

text: Monsters

text: similar

text: in

text: style

text: and

text: concept

text: to

text: the

text: Tamagotchi

text: It

text: was

text: planned

text: by

text: WiZ

text: and

text: released

text: by

text: Bandai

text: on

text: June

text: The

text: toy

text: began

text: as

text: the

text: simple

text: concept

text: of

text: a

text: Tamagotchi

text: mainly

text: for

text: boys

text: The

text: V

text: Pet

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: its

text: predecessors

text: with

text: the

text: exceptions

text: of

text: being

text: more

text: difficult

text: and

text: being

text: able

text: to

text: fight

text: other

text: Digimon

text: v

text: pets

text: Every

text: owner

text: would

text: start

text: with

text: a

text: Baby

text: Digimon

text: train

text: it

text: evolve

text: it

text: take

text: care

text: of

text: it

text: and

text: then

text: have

text: battles

text: with

text: other

text: Digimon

text: owners

text: to

text: see

text: who

text: was

text: stronger

text: The

text: Digimon

text: pet

text: had

text: several

text: evolution

text: capabilities

text: and

text: abilities

text: too

text: so

text: many

text: owners

text: had

text: different

text: Digimon

text: In

text: December

text: the

text: second

text: generation

text: of

text: Digital

text: Monster

text: was

text: released

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: third

text: edition

text: in

question: What companies were responsible for the creation and subsequent release of the original digimon?

answer: planned by WiZ and released by Bandai

text: planned by WiZ and released by Bandai

question: What made digimon different from similar digital pets?

answer: being more difficult and being able to fight other Digimon v-pets

text: being more difficult and being able to fight other Digimon v-pets

question: What year was the second generation of digimon released?

answer: 1997

question: Who was the main market for the original digimon?

answer: mainly for boys

text: mainly for boys

question: What was involved in the original digimon virtual pet gameplay?

answer: Every owner would start with a Baby Digimon, train it, evolve it, take care of it, and then have battles with other Digimon owners

text: Every owner would start with a Baby Digimon, train it, evolve it, take care of it, and then have battles with other Digimon owners

question: What did the Digimon pets originally start out as?

answer: Digital Monsters

text: Digital Monsters

question: When was the Digimon released by WiZ?

answer: June 26, 1997

text: June 26, 1997

question: In what month was the second generation of the Digital Monsters Released?

answer: December

text: December

question: What year was the third edition released?

answer: 1998


text: The practice of playing one or two preseason exhibition games by each team before the start of the regular season was discontinued when the NBC contract was initiated, and the regular season was extended from 14 games, the length that it had been since 1996, to 16 from 2001 to 2010, and since 2016. From 2011 to 2015, the regular season league expanded to 18 games, with each team having two bye weeks and the option of two preseason games.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: The

text: practice

text: of

text: playing

text: one

text: or

text: two

text: preseason

text: exhibition

text: games

text: by

text: each

text: team

text: before

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: regular

text: season

text: was

text: discontinued

text: when

text: the

text: NBC

text: contract

text: was

text: initiated

text: and

text: the

text: regular

text: season

text: was

text: extended

text: from

text: games

text: the

text: length

text: that

text: it

text: had

text: been

text: since

text: to

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: since

text: From

text: to

text: the

text: regular

text: season

text: league

text: expanded

text: to

text: games

text: with

text: each

text: team

text: having

text: two

text: bye

text: weeks

text: and

text: the

text: option

text: of

text: two

text: preseason

text: games

question: A contract with what television network led to the discontinuation of exhibition games in the preseason?

answer: NBC

text: NBC

question: How many games was the regular season in 1996?

answer: 14

question: How many games were played in the 2001 regular season?

answer: 16

question: How many games long was the 2011 regular season?

answer: 18

question: How many games will each team play in the 2016 regular season?

answer: 16


text: The importance of Southampton to the cruise industry was indicated by P&O Cruises's 175th anniversary celebrations, which included all seven of the company's liners visiting Southampton in a single day. Adonia, Arcadia, Aurora, Azura, Oceana, Oriana and Ventura all left the city in a procession on 3 July 2012.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: The

text: importance

text: of

text: Southampton

text: to

text: the

text: cruise

text: industry

text: was

text: indicated

text: by

text: P&O

text: Cruises

text: 's

text: anniversary

text: celebrations

text: which

text: included

text: all

text: seven

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: liners

text: visiting

text: Southampton

text: in

text: a

text: single

text: day

text: Adonia

text: Arcadia

text: Aurora

text: Azura

text: Oceana

text: Oriana

text: and

text: Ventura

text: all

text: left

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: a

text: procession

text: on

text: July

question: What cruise line celebrated a landmark anniversary in Southampton in July of 2012?

answer: P&O Cruises

text: P&O Cruises

question: Which anniversary did P&O celebrate in Southampton?

answer: 175th

question: How many P&O liners visited Southampton on the day of the 175th anniversary celebrations?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: Which of the seven P&O cruise liners has a name that begins with "V"?

answer: Ventura

text: Ventura

question: Along with the Oriana, what's the other P&O liner with a name that starts with the same letter?

answer: Oceana

text: Oceana


text: Josip Broz was born on 7 May 1892 in Kumrovec, in the northern Croatian region of Hrvatsko Zagorje in Austria-Hungary.[nb 1] He was the seventh child of Franjo and Marija Broz. His father, Franjo Broz (26 November 1860 – 16 December 1936), was a Croat, while his mother Marija (25 March 1864 – 14 January 1918), was a Slovene. His parents were married on 21 January 1891. After spending part of his childhood years with his maternal grandfather Martin Javeršek in the Slovenian village of Podsreda, he entered primary school in 1900 at Kumrovec, he failed the 2nd grade and graduated in 1905. In 1907 he moved out of the rural environment and started working as a machinist's apprentice in Sisak. There, he became aware of the labour movement and celebrated 1 May – Labour Day for the first time. In 1910, he joined the union of metallurgy workers and at the same time the Social-Democratic Party of Croatia and Slavonia. Between 1911 and 1913, Broz worked for shorter periods in Kamnik (1911–1912, factory "Titan"), Cenkov, Munich and Mannheim, where he worked for the Benz car factory; then he went to Wiener Neustadt, Austria, and worked as a test driver for Daimler.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: Josip

text: Broz

text: was

text: born

text: on

text: May

text: in

text: Kumrovec

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: Croatian

text: region

text: of

text: Hrvatsko

text: Zagorje

text: in

text: Austria

text: Hungary.[nb

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: seventh

text: child

text: of

text: Franjo

text: and

text: Marija

text: Broz

text: His

text: father

text: Franjo

text: Broz

text: November

text: December

text: was

text: a

text: Croat

text: while

text: his

text: mother

text: Marija

text: March

text: January

text: was

text: a

text: Slovene

text: His

text: parents

text: were

text: married

text: on

text: January

text: After

text: spending

text: part

text: of

text: his

text: childhood

text: years

text: with

text: his

text: maternal

text: grandfather

text: Martin

text: Javeršek

text: in

text: the

text: Slovenian

text: village

text: of

text: Podsreda

text: he

text: entered

text: primary

text: school

text: in

text: at

text: Kumrovec

text: he

text: failed

text: the

text: grade

text: and

text: graduated

text: in

text: In

text: he

text: moved

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: rural

text: environment

text: and

text: started

text: working

text: as

text: a

text: machinist

text: 's

text: apprentice

text: in

text: Sisak

text: There

text: he

text: became

text: aware

text: of

text: the

text: labour

text: movement

text: and

text: celebrated

text: May

text: Labour

text: Day

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: In

text: he

text: joined

text: the

text: union

text: of

text: metallurgy

text: workers

text: and

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: Social

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: of

text: Croatia

text: and

text: Slavonia

text: Between

text: and

text: Broz

text: worked

text: for

text: shorter

text: periods

text: in

text: Kamnik

text: factory

text: Titan

text: Cenkov

text: Munich

text: and

text: Mannheim

text: where

text: he

text: worked

text: for

text: the

text: Benz

text: car

text: factory

text: then

text: he

text: went

text: to

text: Wiener

text: Neustadt

text: Austria

text: and

text: worked

text: as

text: a

text: test

text: driver

text: for

text: Daimler

question: Where was Josip Broz born?

answer: Kumrovec

text: Kumrovec

question: In what year was Broz born?

answer: 1892

question: What ethnicity was Broz's father?

answer: Croat

text: Croat

question: What ethnicity was Broz's mother?

answer: Slovene

text: Slovene

question: What grade did he fail?

answer: 2nd


text: The professionals soon displaced the amateur ex-Public schoolboys. Bermuda's role as the primary Royal Navy base in the Western Hemisphere, with an army garrison to match, ensured that the naval and military officers quickly introduced the newly formalised sports to Bermuda, including cricket, football, Rugby football, and even tennis and rowing (rowing did not adapt well from British rivers to the stormy Atlantic. The officers soon switched to sail racing, founding the Royal Bermuda Yacht Club). Once these sports reached Bermuda, they were eagerly adopted by Bermudians.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: The

text: professionals

text: soon

text: displaced

text: the

text: amateur

text: ex

text: Public

text: schoolboys

text: Bermuda

text: 's

text: role

text: as

text: the

text: primary

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: base

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: Hemisphere

text: with

text: an

text: army

text: garrison

text: to

text: match

text: ensured

text: that

text: the

text: naval

text: and

text: military

text: officers

text: quickly

text: introduced

text: the

text: newly

text: formalised

text: sports

text: to

text: Bermuda

text: including

text: cricket

text: football

text: Rugby

text: football

text: and

text: even

text: tennis

text: and

text: rowing

text: rowing

text: did

text: not

text: adapt

text: well

text: from

text: British

text: rivers

text: to

text: the

text: stormy

text: Atlantic

text: The

text: officers

text: soon

text: switched

text: to

text: sail

text: racing

text: founding

text: the

text: Royal

text: Bermuda

text: Yacht

text: Club

text: Once

text: these

text: sports

text: reached

text: Bermuda

text: they

text: were

text: eagerly

text: adopted

text: by

text: Bermudians

question: What happened to the Public schoolboys in these sports?

answer: professionals soon displaced the amateur ex-Public schoolboys

text: professionals soon displaced the amateur ex-Public schoolboys

question: How were sports introduced in Bermuda?

answer: Bermuda's role as the primary Royal Navy base in the Western Hemisphere,

text: Bermuda's role as the primary Royal Navy base in the Western Hemisphere,

question: Which sport did not transfer well to Bermuda?

answer: rowing

text: rowing

question: Which sport was quickly adopted?

answer: sail racing

text: sail racing


text: When discussing peer relationships among adolescents it is also important to include information in regards to how they communicate with one another. An important aspect of communication is the channel used. Channel, in this respect, refers to the form of communication, be it face-to-face, email, text message, phone or other. Teens are heavy users of newer forms of communication such as text message and social-networking websites such as Facebook, especially when communicating with peers. Adolescents use online technology to experiment with emerging identities and to broaden their peer groups, such as increasing the amount of friends acquired on Facebook and other social media sites. Some adolescents use these newer channels to enhance relationships with peers however there can be negative uses as well such as cyberbullying, as mentioned previously, and negative impacts on the family.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: When

text: discussing

text: peer

text: relationships

text: among

text: adolescents

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: important

text: to

text: include

text: information

text: in

text: regards

text: to

text: how

text: they

text: communicate

text: with

text: one

text: another

text: An

text: important

text: aspect

text: of

text: communication

text: is

text: the

text: channel

text: used

text: Channel

text: in

text: this

text: respect

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: communication

text: be

text: it

text: face

text: to

text: face

text: email

text: text

text: message

text: phone

text: or

text: other

text: Teens

text: are

text: heavy

text: users

text: of

text: newer

text: forms

text: of

text: communication

text: such

text: as

text: text

text: message

text: and

text: social

text: networking

text: websites

text: such

text: as

text: Facebook

text: especially

text: when

text: communicating

text: with

text: peers

text: Adolescents

text: use

text: online

text: technology

text: to

text: experiment

text: with

text: emerging

text: identities

text: and

text: to

text: broaden

text: their

text: peer

text: groups

text: such

text: as

text: increasing

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: friends

text: acquired

text: on

text: Facebook

text: and

text: other

text: social

text: media

text: sites

text: Some

text: adolescents

text: use

text: these

text: newer

text: channels

text: to

text: enhance

text: relationships

text: with

text: peers

text: however

text: there

text: can

text: be

text: negative

text: uses

text: as

text: well

text: such

text: as

text: cyberbullying

text: as

text: mentioned

text: previously

text: and

text: negative

text: impacts

text: on

text: the

text: family

question: How do adolescents use online technology?

answer: experiment with emerging identities and to broaden their peer groups

text: experiment with emerging identities and to broaden their peer groups

question: To what does "channel" refer in terms if adolescent communication?

answer: form of communication

text: form of communication

question: What is a potential negative effect of using newer online channels of communication?

answer: cyberbullying

text: cyberbullying


text: Miami's road system is based along the numerical "Miami Grid" where Flagler Street forms the east-west baseline and Miami Avenue forms the north-south meridian. The corner of Flagler Street and Miami Avenue is in the middle of Downtown in front of the Downtown Macy's (formerly the Burdine's headquarters). The Miami grid is primarily numerical so that, for example, all street addresses north of Flagler Street and west of Miami Avenue have "NW" in their address. Because its point of origin is in Downtown, which is close to the coast, therefore, the "NW" and "SW" quadrants are much larger than the "SE" and "NE" quadrants. Many roads, especially major ones, are also named (e.g., Tamiami Trail/SW 8th St), although, with exceptions, the number is in more common usage among locals.

title: Miami

title: Miami

text: Miami

text: 's

text: road

text: system

text: is

text: based

text: along

text: the

text: numerical

text: Miami

text: Grid

text: where

text: Flagler

text: Street

text: forms

text: the

text: east

text: west

text: baseline

text: and

text: Miami

text: Avenue

text: forms

text: the

text: north

text: south

text: meridian

text: The

text: corner

text: of

text: Flagler

text: Street

text: and

text: Miami

text: Avenue

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: Downtown

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: Downtown

text: Macy

text: 's

text: formerly

text: the

text: Burdine

text: 's

text: headquarters

text: The

text: Miami

text: grid

text: is

text: primarily

text: numerical

text: so

text: that

text: for

text: example

text: all

text: street

text: addresses

text: north

text: of

text: Flagler

text: Street

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: Miami

text: Avenue

text: have

text: NW

text: in

text: their

text: address

text: Because

text: its

text: point

text: of

text: origin

text: is

text: in

text: Downtown

text: which

text: is

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: coast

text: therefore

text: the

text: NW

text: and

text: SW

text: quadrants

text: are

text: much

text: larger

text: than

text: the

text: SE

text: and

text: NE

text: quadrants

text: Many

text: roads

text: especially

text: major

text: ones

text: are

text: also

text: named

text: e.g.

text: Tamiami

text: Trail

text: SW

text: St

text: although

text: with

text: exceptions

text: the

text: number

text: is

text: in

text: more

text: common

text: usage

text: among

text: locals

question: What company was previously headquartered in the Downtown Macy's?

answer: Burdine's

text: Burdine's

question: What is another name for Tamiami Trail?

answer: SW 8th St

text: SW 8th St

question: In what neighborhood of Miami is the corner of Miami Avenue and Flagler Street?

answer: Downtown

text: Downtown

question: What is Miami's street plan called?

answer: Miami Grid

text: Miami Grid

question: If a street is west of Miami Avenue and north of Flagler Street, what will necessarily be in its address?

answer: NW

text: NW


text: On 13 December 1904, Hungarian Sándor Just and Croatian Franjo Hanaman were granted a Hungarian patent (No. 34541) for a tungsten filament lamp that lasted longer and gave brighter light than the carbon filament. Tungsten filament lamps were first marketed by the Hungarian company Tungsram in 1904. This type is often called Tungsram-bulbs in many European countries. Filling a bulb with an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen retards the evaporation of the tungsten filament compared to operating it in a vacuum. This allows for greater temperatures and therefore greater efficacy with less reduction in filament life.

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

text: On

text: December

text: Hungarian

text: Sándor

text: Just

text: and

text: Croatian

text: Franjo

text: Hanaman

text: were

text: granted

text: a

text: Hungarian

text: patent

text: No

text: for

text: a

text: tungsten

text: filament

text: lamp

text: that

text: lasted

text: longer

text: and

text: gave

text: brighter

text: light

text: than

text: the

text: carbon

text: filament

text: Tungsten

text: filament

text: lamps

text: were

text: first

text: marketed

text: by

text: the

text: Hungarian

text: company

text: Tungsram

text: in

text: This

text: type

text: is

text: often

text: called

text: Tungsram

text: bulbs

text: in

text: many

text: European

text: countries

text: Filling

text: a

text: bulb

text: with

text: an

text: inert

text: gas

text: such

text: as

text: argon

text: or

text: nitrogen

text: retards

text: the

text: evaporation

text: of

text: the

text: tungsten

text: filament

text: compared

text: to

text: operating

text: it

text: in

text: a

text: vacuum

text: This

text: allows

text: for

text: greater

text: temperatures

text: and

text: therefore

text: greater

text: efficacy

text: with

text: less

text: reduction

text: in

text: filament

text: life

question: Which inventors patented the tungsten filament lamp?

answer: Hungarian Sándor Just and Croatian Franjo Hanaman

text: Hungarian Sándor Just and Croatian Franjo Hanaman

question: When did Just and Hanaman receive their patent for the tungsten filament lamp?

answer: 13 December 1904

text: 13 December 1904

question: Which company first marketed the tungsten filament lamp?

answer: Tungsram

text: Tungsram

question: What type of gas fills a tungsten filament bulb?

answer: argon or nitrogen

text: argon or nitrogen

question: What is a common alternate name for the tungsten filament bulb in Europe?

answer: Tungsram-bulbs

text: Tungsram-bulbs