text: Arnold, Constable was the first American department store. It was founded in 1825 by Aaron Arnold (1794?-1876), an emigrant from Great Britain, as a small dry goods store on Pine Street in New York City. In 1857 the store moved into a five-story white marble dry goods palace known as the Marble House. During the Civil War Arnold, Constable was one of the first stores to issue charge bills of credit to its customers each month instead of on a bi-annual basis. Recognized as an emporium for high-quality fashions, the store soon outgrew the Marble House and erected a cast-iron building on Broadway and Nineteenth Street in 1869; this “Palace of Trade” expanded over the years until it was necessary to move into a larger space in 1914. In 1925, Arnold, Constable merged with Stewart & Company and expanded into the suburbs, first with a 1937 store in New Rochelle, New York and later in Hempstead and Manhasset on Long Island, and in New Jersey. Financial problems led to bankruptcy in 1975.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: Arnold

text: Constable

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: American

text: department

text: store

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Aaron

text: Arnold

text: an

text: emigrant

text: from

text: Great

text: Britain

text: as

text: a

text: small

text: dry

text: goods

text: store

text: on

text: Pine

text: Street

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: In

text: the

text: store

text: moved

text: into

text: a

text: five

text: story

text: white

text: marble

text: dry

text: goods

text: palace

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Marble

text: House

text: During

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: Arnold

text: Constable

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: stores

text: to

text: issue

text: charge

text: bills

text: of

text: credit

text: to

text: its

text: customers

text: each

text: month

text: instead

text: of

text: on

text: a

text: bi

text: annual

text: basis

text: Recognized

text: as

text: an

text: emporium

text: for

text: high

text: quality

text: fashions

text: the

text: store

text: soon

text: outgrew

text: the

text: Marble

text: House

text: and

text: erected

text: a

text: cast

text: iron

text: building

text: on

text: Broadway

text: and

text: Nineteenth

text: Street

text: in

text: this

text: Palace

text: of

text: Trade

text: expanded

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: necessary

text: to

text: move

text: into

text: a

text: larger

text: space

text: in

text: In

text: Arnold

text: Constable

text: merged

text: with

text: Stewart

text: Company

text: and

text: expanded

text: into

text: the

text: suburbs

text: first

text: with

text: a

text: store

text: in

text: New

text: Rochelle

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: Hempstead

text: and

text: Manhasset

text: on

text: Long

text: Island

text: and

text: in

text: New

text: Jersey

text: Financial

text: problems

text: led

text: to

text: bankruptcy

text: in

question: What is recognized as the "first" department store in America?

answer: Arnold, Constable

text: Arnold, Constable

question: Who founded Arnold, Constable?

answer: Aaron Arnold

text: Aaron Arnold

question: Where was the store moved in 1857?

answer: a five-story white marble dry goods palace known as the Marble House.

text: a five-story white marble dry goods palace known as the Marble House.

question: What made Arnold, Constable stand out from other stores during the civil war?

answer: was one of the first stores to issue charge bills of credit to its customers each month instead of on a bi-annual basis

text: was one of the first stores to issue charge bills of credit to its customers each month instead of on a bi-annual basis

question: When was the "Palace of Trade" built?

answer: 1869


text: On 22 July 2010, the British government agreed to help pay for the new airport using taxpayer money. In November 2011 a new deal between the British government and South African civil engineering company Basil Read was signed and the airport was scheduled to open in February 2016, with flights to and from South Africa and the UK. In March 2015 South African airline Comair became the preferred bidder to provide weekly air service between the island and Johannesburg, starting from 2016.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: On

text: July

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: agreed

text: to

text: help

text: pay

text: for

text: the

text: new

text: airport

text: using

text: taxpayer

text: money

text: In

text: November

text: a

text: new

text: deal

text: between

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: and

text: South

text: African

text: civil

text: engineering

text: company

text: Basil

text: Read

text: was

text: signed

text: and

text: the

text: airport

text: was

text: scheduled

text: to

text: open

text: in

text: February

text: with

text: flights

text: to

text: and

text: from

text: South

text: Africa

text: and

text: the

text: UK

text: In

text: March

text: South

text: African

text: airline

text: Comair

text: became

text: the

text: preferred

text: bidder

text: to

text: provide

text: weekly

text: air

text: service

text: between

text: the

text: island

text: and

text: Johannesburg

text: starting

text: from

question: When did the British government agree to help pay for the new airport in Saint Helena?

answer: 22 July 2010

text: 22 July 2010

question: Which south african company is helping to engineer the airport?

answer: Basil Read

text: Basil Read

question: The new airport opening date is when?

answer: February 2016

text: February 2016

question: Which countries will be able to fly to Saint Helena using the airport?

answer: South Africa and the UK

text: South Africa and the UK

question: Which airline will provide weekly service to Saint Helena?

answer: Comair

text: Comair


text: When used with a load that has a torque curve that increases with speed, the motor will operate at the speed where the torque developed by the motor is equal to the load torque. Reducing the load will cause the motor to speed up, and increasing the load will cause the motor to slow down until the load and motor torque are equal. Operated in this manner, the slip losses are dissipated in the secondary resistors and can be very significant. The speed regulation and net efficiency is also very poor.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: When

text: used

text: with

text: a

text: load

text: that

text: has

text: a

text: torque

text: curve

text: that

text: increases

text: with

text: speed

text: the

text: motor

text: will

text: operate

text: at

text: the

text: speed

text: where

text: the

text: torque

text: developed

text: by

text: the

text: motor

text: is

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: load

text: torque

text: Reducing

text: the

text: load

text: will

text: cause

text: the

text: motor

text: to

text: speed

text: up

text: and

text: increasing

text: the

text: load

text: will

text: cause

text: the

text: motor

text: to

text: slow

text: down

text: until

text: the

text: load

text: and

text: motor

text: torque

text: are

text: equal

text: Operated

text: in

text: this

text: manner

text: the

text: slip

text: losses

text: are

text: dissipated

text: in

text: the

text: secondary

text: resistors

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: very

text: significant

text: The

text: speed

text: regulation

text: and

text: net

text: efficiency

text: is

text: also

text: very

text: poor

question: What will a motor do if the load is reduced?

answer: speed up

text: speed up

question: What will a motor do if the load is increased?

answer: slow down

text: slow down

question: Where are slip losses dissipated?

answer: secondary resistors

text: secondary resistors

question: How efficient is such a design?

answer: very poor

text: very poor


text: Until the military coup of 22 March 2012 and a second military coup in December 2012, Mali was a constitutional democracy governed by the Constitution of 12 January 1992, which was amended in 1999. The constitution provides for a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government. The system of government can be described as "semi-presidential". Executive power is vested in a president, who is elected to a five-year term by universal suffrage and is limited to two terms.

title: Mali

title: Mali

text: Until

text: the

text: military

text: coup

text: of

text: March

text: and

text: a

text: second

text: military

text: coup

text: in

text: December

text: Mali

text: was

text: a

text: constitutional

text: democracy

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Constitution

text: of

text: January

text: which

text: was

text: amended

text: in

text: The

text: constitution

text: provides

text: for

text: a

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: among

text: the

text: executive

text: legislative

text: and

text: judicial

text: branches

text: of

text: government

text: The

text: system

text: of

text: government

text: can

text: be

text: described

text: as

text: semi

text: presidential

text: Executive

text: power

text: is

text: vested

text: in

text: a

text: president

text: who

text: is

text: elected

text: to

text: a

text: five

text: year

text: term

text: by

text: universal

text: suffrage

text: and

text: is

text: limited

text: to

text: two

text: terms

question: What year was the constitution amended from the previous one of 1992?

answer: 1999

question: The newer constitution divide power among what branches of government?

answer: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government

text: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government

question: How many years is one presidential term for?

answer: five-year

text: five-year

question: How many total terms can a president be elected for?

answer: two terms

text: two terms

question: Executive power is given to what person within the government?

answer: president

text: president


text: Berry Gordy, Jr. founded Motown Records which rose to prominence during the 1960s and early 1970s with acts such as Stevie Wonder, The Temptations, The Four Tops, Smokey Robinson & The Miracles, Diana Ross & The Supremes, the Jackson 5, Martha and the Vandellas, The Spinners, Gladys Knight & the Pips, The Marvelettes, The Elgins, The Monitors, The Velvelettes and Marvin Gaye. Artists were backed by in-house vocalists The Andantes and The Funk Brothers, the Motown house band that was featured in Paul Justman's 2002 documentary film Standing in the Shadows of Motown, based on Allan Slutsky's book of the same name.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: Berry

text: Gordy

text: Jr.

text: founded

text: Motown

text: Records

text: which

text: rose

text: to

text: prominence

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: with

text: acts

text: such

text: as

text: Stevie

text: Wonder

text: The

text: Temptations

text: The

text: Four

text: Tops

text: Smokey

text: Robinson

text: The

text: Miracles

text: Diana

text: Ross

text: The

text: Supremes

text: the

text: Jackson

text: Martha

text: and

text: the

text: Vandellas

text: The

text: Spinners

text: Gladys

text: Knight

text: the

text: Pips

text: The

text: Marvelettes

text: The

text: Elgins

text: The

text: Monitors

text: The

text: Velvelettes

text: and

text: Marvin

text: Gaye

text: Artists

text: were

text: backed

text: by

text: in

text: house

text: vocalists

text: The

text: Andantes

text: and

text: The

text: Funk

text: Brothers

text: the

text: Motown

text: house

text: band

text: that

text: was

text: featured

text: in

text: Paul

text: Justman

text: 's

text: documentary

text: film

text: Standing

text: in

text: the

text: Shadows

text: of

text: Motown

text: based

text: on

text: Allan

text: Slutsky

text: 's

text: book

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

question: Who founded Motown records?

answer: Berry Gordy, Jr.

text: Berry Gordy, Jr.

question: Who did a documentary on Motown?

answer: Paul Justman

text: Paul Justman

question: Who wrote a book about Motown?

answer: Allan Slutsky

text: Allan Slutsky


text: There are eight Island Courts and Lands Courts; appeals in relation to land disputes are made to the Lands Courts Appeal Panel. Appeals from the Island Courts and the Lands Courts Appeal Panel are made to the Magistrates Court, which has jurisdiction to hear civil cases involving up to $T10,000. The superior court is the High Court of Tuvalu as it has unlimited original jurisdiction to determine the Law of Tuvalu and to hear appeals from the lower courts. Sir Gordon Ward is the current Chief Justice of Tuvalu. Rulings of the High Court can be appealed to the Court of Appeal of Tuvalu. From the Court of Appeal there is a right of appeal to Her Majesty in Council, i.e., the Privy Council in London.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: There

text: are

text: eight

text: Island

text: Courts

text: and

text: Lands

text: Courts

text: appeals

text: in

text: relation

text: to

text: land

text: disputes

text: are

text: made

text: to

text: the

text: Lands

text: Courts

text: Appeal

text: Panel

text: Appeals

text: from

text: the

text: Island

text: Courts

text: and

text: the

text: Lands

text: Courts

text: Appeal

text: Panel

text: are

text: made

text: to

text: the

text: Magistrates

text: Court

text: which

text: has

text: jurisdiction

text: to

text: hear

text: civil

text: cases

text: involving

text: up

text: to

text: The

text: superior

text: court

text: is

text: the

text: High

text: Court

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: as

text: it

text: has

text: unlimited

text: original

text: jurisdiction

text: to

text: determine

text: the

text: Law

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: and

text: to

text: hear

text: appeals

text: from

text: the

text: lower

text: courts

text: Sir

text: Gordon

text: Ward

text: is

text: the

text: current

text: Chief

text: Justice

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: Rulings

text: of

text: the

text: High

text: Court

text: can

text: be

text: appealed

text: to

text: the

text: Court

text: of

text: Appeal

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: From

text: the

text: Court

text: of

text: Appeal

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: right

text: of

text: appeal

text: to

text: Her

text: Majesty

text: in

text: Council

text: i.e.

text: the

text: Privy

text: Council

text: in

text: London

question: How many courts are there on Tuvalu?

answer: eight

text: eight

question: What is the name of the superior court of Tuvalu?

answer: High Court of Tuvalu

text: High Court of Tuvalu

question: What is the High Court's right to determine?

answer: Law of Tuvalu

text: Law of Tuvalu

question: What judge is the Chief Justice of the Tuvalu High Court?

answer: Sir Gordon Ward

text: Sir Gordon Ward

question: To where can judgments be appealed?

answer: Court of Appeal of Tuvalu

text: Court of Appeal of Tuvalu


text: The Philippines is a unitary state with some powers devolved to Local Government Units (LGUs) under the terms of the Local Government Code. There is also one autonomous region, the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao. Over the years various modifications have been proposed to the Constitution of the Philippines, including possible transition to a federal system as part of a shift to a parliamentary system. In 2004, Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo established the Consultative Commission which suggested such a Charter Change but no action was taken by the Philippine Congress to amend the 1987 Constitution.

title: Federalism

title: Federalism

text: The

text: Philippines

text: is

text: a

text: unitary

text: state

text: with

text: some

text: powers

text: devolved

text: to

text: Local

text: Government

text: Units

text: LGUs

text: under

text: the

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: Local

text: Government

text: Code

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: one

text: autonomous

text: region

text: the

text: Autonomous

text: Region

text: of

text: Muslim

text: Mindanao

text: Over

text: the

text: years

text: various

text: modifications

text: have

text: been

text: proposed

text: to

text: the

text: Constitution

text: of

text: the

text: Philippines

text: including

text: possible

text: transition

text: to

text: a

text: federal

text: system

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: shift

text: to

text: a

text: parliamentary

text: system

text: In

text: Philippine

text: President

text: Gloria

text: Macapagal

text: Arroyo

text: established

text: the

text: Consultative

text: Commission

text: which

text: suggested

text: such

text: a

text: Charter

text: Change

text: but

text: no

text: action

text: was

text: taken

text: by

text: the

text: Philippine

text: Congress

text: to

text: amend

text: the

text: Constitution

question: What type of state is the Philippines?

answer: unitary state

text: unitary state

question: What types of powers does the Philippines have?

answer: some powers devolved to Local Government Units (LGUs) under the terms of the Local Government Code

text: some powers devolved to Local Government Units (LGUs) under the terms of the Local Government Code

question: What type of modifications been added to the Philippines Constitution?

answer: possible transition to a federal system as part of a shift to a parliamentary system.

text: possible transition to a federal system as part of a shift to a parliamentary system.

question: What did President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo establish?

answer: the Consultative Commission

text: the Consultative Commission


text: 83% of the total population adheres to Christianity, making it the most common religion in Swaziland. Anglican, Protestant and indigenous African churches, including African Zionist, constitute the majority of the Christians (40%), followed by Roman Catholicism at 20% of the population. On 18 July 2012, Ellinah Wamukoya, was elected Anglican Bishop of Swaziland, becoming the first woman to be a bishop in Africa. 15% of the population follows traditional religions; other non-Christian religions practised in the country include Islam (1%), the Bahá'í Faith (0.5%), and Hinduism (0.2%). There are 14 Jewish families.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: population

text: adheres

text: to

text: Christianity

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: religion

text: in

text: Swaziland

text: Anglican

text: Protestant

text: and

text: indigenous

text: African

text: churches

text: including

text: African

text: Zionist

text: constitute

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: Christians

text: followed

text: by

text: Roman

text: Catholicism

text: at

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: On

text: July

text: Ellinah

text: Wamukoya

text: was

text: elected

text: Anglican

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Swaziland

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: woman

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: bishop

text: in

text: Africa

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: follows

text: traditional

text: religions

text: other

text: non

text: Christian

text: religions

text: practised

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: include

text: Islam

text: the

text: Bahá'í

text: Faith

text: and

text: Hinduism

text: There

text: are

text: Jewish

text: families

question: What percentage of the Swazi population are Christian?

answer: 83%

question: Which religious belief is most prevelant in Swaziland?

answer: Christianity

text: Christianity

question: What amount of Swazi Christians are Roman Catholic?

answer: 20%

question: Who is the Anglican Bishop of Swaziland?

answer: Ellinah Wamukoya

text: Ellinah Wamukoya

question: How many Jewish families are there in Swaziland?

answer: 14


text: When auto-changing turntables were commonplace, records were typically pressed with a raised (or ridged) outer edge and a raised label area, allowing records to be stacked onto each other without the delicate grooves coming into contact, reducing the risk of damage. Auto-changers included a mechanism to support a stack of several records above the turntable itself, dropping them one at a time onto the active turntable to be played in order. Many longer sound recordings, such as complete operas, were interleaved across several 10-inch or 12-inch discs for use with auto-changing mechanisms, so that the first disk of a three-disk recording would carry sides 1 and 6 of the program, while the second disk would carry sides 2 and 5, and the third, sides 3 and 4, allowing sides 1, 2, and 3 to be played automatically; then the whole stack reversed to play sides 4, 5, and 6.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: When

text: auto

text: changing

text: turntables

text: were

text: commonplace

text: records

text: were

text: typically

text: pressed

text: with

text: a

text: raised

text: or

text: ridged

text: outer

text: edge

text: and

text: a

text: raised

text: label

text: area

text: allowing

text: records

text: to

text: be

text: stacked

text: onto

text: each

text: other

text: without

text: the

text: delicate

text: grooves

text: coming

text: into

text: contact

text: reducing

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: damage

text: Auto

text: changers

text: included

text: a

text: mechanism

text: to

text: support

text: a

text: stack

text: of

text: several

text: records

text: above

text: the

text: turntable

text: itself

text: dropping

text: them

text: one

text: at

text: a

text: time

text: onto

text: the

text: active

text: turntable

text: to

text: be

text: played

text: in

text: order

text: Many

text: longer

text: sound

text: recordings

text: such

text: as

text: complete

text: operas

text: were

text: interleaved

text: across

text: several

text: or

text: discs

text: for

text: use

text: with

text: auto

text: changing

text: mechanisms

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: first

text: disk

text: of

text: a

text: three

text: disk

text: recording

text: would

text: carry

text: sides

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: program

text: while

text: the

text: second

text: disk

text: would

text: carry

text: sides

text: and

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: sides

text: and

text: allowing

text: sides

text: and

text: to

text: be

text: played

text: automatically

text: then

text: the

text: whole

text: stack

text: reversed

text: to

text: play

text: sides

text: and

question: Where were records made with raised label areas?

answer: reducing the risk of damage

text: reducing the risk of damage

question: Are longer recordings, as found in operas, made for use with auto-changing systems?

answer: interleaved across several 10-inch or 12-inch discs for use with auto-changing mechanisms

text: interleaved across several 10-inch or 12-inch discs for use with auto-changing mechanisms

question: Do grooves on records touch when stacked?

answer: allowing records to be stacked onto each other without the delicate grooves coming into contact

text: allowing records to be stacked onto each other without the delicate grooves coming into contact

question: Do records touch when in auto changers?

answer: Auto-changers included a mechanism to support a stack

text: Auto-changers included a mechanism to support a stack


text: Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. It is the fourth-largest planet by diameter and the third-largest by mass. Among the giant planets in the Solar System, Neptune is the most dense. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth and slightly larger than Neptune.[c] Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 astronomical units (4.50×109 km). Named after the Roman god of the sea, its astronomical symbol is ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: Neptune

text: is

text: the

text: eighth

text: and

text: farthest

text: known

text: planet

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: planet

text: by

text: diameter

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: by

text: mass

text: Among

text: the

text: giant

text: planets

text: in

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: Neptune

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: dense

text: Neptune

text: is

text: times

text: the

text: mass

text: of

text: Earth

text: and

text: is

text: slightly

text: more

text: massive

text: than

text: its

text: near

text: twin

text: Uranus

text: which

text: is

text: times

text: the

text: mass

text: of

text: Earth

text: and

text: slightly

text: larger

text: than

text: Neptune.[c

text: Neptune

text: orbits

text: the

text: Sun

text: once

text: every

text: years

text: at

text: an

text: average

text: distance

text: of

text: astronomical

text: units

text: km

text: Named

text: after

text: the

text: Roman

text: god

text: of

text: the

text: sea

text: its

text: astronomical

text: symbol

text: is

text: a

text: stylised

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: god

text: Neptune

text: 's

text: trident

question: What planet is Neptune's near-twin?

answer: Uranus

text: Uranus

question: What is Neptune named after?

answer: Roman god of the sea

text: Roman god of the sea

question: How much more dense is Neptune compared to Earth?

answer: 17 times

text: 17 times

question: What does the astronomical sign of Neptune represent?

answer: god Neptune's trident

text: god Neptune's trident

question: How many Earth years does Neptune orbit the sun?

answer: 164.8 years

text: 164.8 years


text: In the following decades there was a constant battle between the company lobby and the Parliament. The company sought a permanent establishment, while the Parliament would not willingly allow it greater autonomy and so relinquish the opportunity to exploit the company's profits. In 1712, another act renewed the status of the company, though the debts were repaid. By 1720, 15% of British imports were from India, almost all passing through the company, which reasserted the influence of the company lobby. The licence was prolonged until 1766 by yet another act in 1730.

title: East_India_Company

title: East_India_Company

text: In

text: the

text: following

text: decades

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: constant

text: battle

text: between

text: the

text: company

text: lobby

text: and

text: the

text: Parliament

text: The

text: company

text: sought

text: a

text: permanent

text: establishment

text: while

text: the

text: Parliament

text: would

text: not

text: willingly

text: allow

text: it

text: greater

text: autonomy

text: and

text: so

text: relinquish

text: the

text: opportunity

text: to

text: exploit

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: profits

text: In

text: another

text: act

text: renewed

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: though

text: the

text: debts

text: were

text: repaid

text: By

text: of

text: British

text: imports

text: were

text: from

text: India

text: almost

text: all

text: passing

text: through

text: the

text: company

text: which

text: reasserted

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: lobby

text: The

text: licence

text: was

text: prolonged

text: until

text: by

text: yet

text: another

text: act

text: in

question: in 1720 what % of  import goods were from India?

answer: 15%

question: Who passed the acts that effected the profits of East india company

answer: Parliament

text: Parliament

question: Who argued against parliament on the trade issue that involded the East India Company

answer: company lobby

text: company lobby


text: In the first session of the new Congress of People's Deputies, from May 25 to June 9, hardliners retained control but reformers used the legislature as a platform for debate and criticism – which was broadcast live and uncensored. This transfixed the population; nothing like this freewheeling debate had ever been witnessed in the U.S.S.R. On May 29, Yeltsin managed to secure a seat on the Supreme Soviet, and in the summer he formed the first opposition, the Inter-Regional Deputies Group, composed of Russian nationalists and liberals. Composing the final legislative group in the Soviet Union, those elected in 1989 played a vital part in reforms and the eventual breakup of the Soviet Union during the next two years.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: session

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: Congress

text: of

text: People

text: 's

text: Deputies

text: from

text: May

text: to

text: June

text: hardliners

text: retained

text: control

text: but

text: reformers

text: used

text: the

text: legislature

text: as

text: a

text: platform

text: for

text: debate

text: and

text: criticism

text: which

text: was

text: broadcast

text: live

text: and

text: uncensored

text: This

text: transfixed

text: the

text: population

text: nothing

text: like

text: this

text: freewheeling

text: debate

text: had

text: ever

text: been

text: witnessed

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.S.R.

text: On

text: May

text: Yeltsin

text: managed

text: to

text: secure

text: a

text: seat

text: on

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: he

text: formed

text: the

text: first

text: opposition

text: the

text: Inter

text: Regional

text: Deputies

text: Group

text: composed

text: of

text: Russian

text: nationalists

text: and

text: liberals

text: Composing

text: the

text: final

text: legislative

text: group

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: those

text: elected

text: in

text: played

text: a

text: vital

text: part

text: in

text: reforms

text: and

text: the

text: eventual

text: breakup

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: during

text: the

text: next

text: two

text: years

question: Who used the legislative session to debate and criticize?

answer: reformers

text: reformers

question: Who made up the Inter-Regional Deputies Group?

answer: Russian nationalists and liberals.

text: Russian nationalists and liberals.

question: When did Yeltsin acquire a seat on the Supreme Soviet?

answer: May 29

text: May 29


text: In 179 BC Philip died. His talented and ambitious son, Perseus, took the throne and showed a renewed interest in conquering Greece. With her Greek allies facing a major new threat, Rome declared war on Macedonia again, starting the Third Macedonian War. Perseus initially had some success against the Romans. However, Rome responded by sending a stronger army. This second consular army decisively defeated the Macedonians at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC and the Macedonians duly capitulated, ending the war.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: In

text: BC

text: Philip

text: died

text: His

text: talented

text: and

text: ambitious

text: son

text: Perseus

text: took

text: the

text: throne

text: and

text: showed

text: a

text: renewed

text: interest

text: in

text: conquering

text: Greece

text: With

text: her

text: Greek

text: allies

text: facing

text: a

text: major

text: new

text: threat

text: Rome

text: declared

text: war

text: on

text: Macedonia

text: again

text: starting

text: the

text: Third

text: Macedonian

text: War

text: Perseus

text: initially

text: had

text: some

text: success

text: against

text: the

text: Romans

text: However

text: Rome

text: responded

text: by

text: sending

text: a

text: stronger

text: army

text: This

text: second

text: consular

text: army

text: decisively

text: defeated

text: the

text: Macedonians

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Pydna

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: Macedonians

text: duly

text: capitulated

text: ending

text: the

text: war

question: In what year did Philip pass away?

answer: 179 BC

text: 179 BC

question: Who was next in line to the throne at the time of Philip's death?

answer: Perseus

text: Perseus

question: In what year were did the Macedonians lose The Battle of Pydna?

answer: 168 BC

text: 168 BC

question: How did Rome respond to their successive losses against the Macedonians?

answer: by sending a stronger army

text: by sending a stronger army

question: Who had initially begun the Third Macedonian War?

answer: Rome

text: Rome


text: Brigham Young University is a part of the Church Educational System of LDS Church. It is organized under a Board of Trustees, with the President of the Church (currently Thomas S. Monson) as chairman. This board consists of the same people as the Church Board of Education, a pattern that has been in place since 1939. Prior to 1939, BYU had a separate board of trustees that was subordinate to the Church Board of Education. The President of BYU, currently Kevin J Worthen, reports to the Board, through the Commissioner of Education.

title: Brigham_Young_University

title: Brigham_Young_University

text: Brigham

text: Young

text: University

text: is

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: Educational

text: System

text: of

text: LDS

text: Church

text: It

text: is

text: organized

text: under

text: a

text: Board

text: of

text: Trustees

text: with

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: currently

text: Thomas

text: S.

text: Monson

text: as

text: chairman

text: This

text: board

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: people

text: as

text: the

text: Church

text: Board

text: of

text: Education

text: a

text: pattern

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: in

text: place

text: since

text: Prior

text: to

text: BYU

text: had

text: a

text: separate

text: board

text: of

text: trustees

text: that

text: was

text: subordinate

text: to

text: the

text: Church

text: Board

text: of

text: Education

text: The

text: President

text: of

text: BYU

text: currently

text: Kevin

text: J

text: Worthen

text: reports

text: to

text: the

text: Board

text: through

text: the

text: Commissioner

text: of

text: Education

question: Which system is BYU part of?

answer: Church Educational System of LDS Church

text: Church Educational System of LDS Church

question: Who acts as chairman of BYU?

answer: President of the Church (currently Thomas S. Monson)

text: President of the Church (currently Thomas S. Monson)

question: What board do the members of the BYU Board of Trustees also belong to?

answer: Church Board of Education

text: Church Board of Education

question: When did BYU have a separate board of trustees?

answer: Prior to 1939

text: Prior to 1939

question: How does the President of BYU report to the Board?

answer: through the Commissioner of Education

text: through the Commissioner of Education


text: FBI records show that 85% of COINTELPRO resources targeted groups and individuals that the FBI deemed "subversive", including communist and socialist organizations; organizations and individuals associated with the Civil Rights Movement, including Martin Luther King, Jr. and others associated with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and the Congress of Racial Equality and other civil rights organizations; black nationalist groups; the American Indian Movement; a broad range of organizations labeled "New Left", including Students for a Democratic Society and the Weathermen; almost all groups protesting the Vietnam War, as well as individual student demonstrators with no group affiliation; the National Lawyers Guild; organizations and individuals associated with the women's rights movement; nationalist groups such as those seeking independence for Puerto Rico, United Ireland, and Cuban exile movements including Orlando Bosch's Cuban Power and the Cuban Nationalist Movement. The remaining 15% of COINTELPRO resources were expended to marginalize and subvert white hate groups, including the Ku Klux Klan and the National States' Rights Party.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: FBI

text: records

text: show

text: that

text: of

text: COINTELPRO

text: resources

text: targeted

text: groups

text: and

text: individuals

text: that

text: the

text: FBI

text: deemed

text: subversive

text: including

text: communist

text: and

text: socialist

text: organizations

text: organizations

text: and

text: individuals

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Civil

text: Rights

text: Movement

text: including

text: Martin

text: Luther

text: King

text: Jr.

text: and

text: others

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Southern

text: Christian

text: Leadership

text: Conference

text: the

text: National

text: Association

text: for

text: the

text: Advancement

text: of

text: Colored

text: People

text: and

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: Racial

text: Equality

text: and

text: other

text: civil

text: rights

text: organizations

text: black

text: nationalist

text: groups

text: the

text: American

text: Indian

text: Movement

text: a

text: broad

text: range

text: of

text: organizations

text: labeled

text: New

text: Left

text: including

text: Students

text: for

text: a

text: Democratic

text: Society

text: and

text: the

text: Weathermen

text: almost

text: all

text: groups

text: protesting

text: the

text: Vietnam

text: War

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: individual

text: student

text: demonstrators

text: with

text: no

text: group

text: affiliation

text: the

text: National

text: Lawyers

text: Guild

text: organizations

text: and

text: individuals

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: women

text: 's

text: rights

text: movement

text: nationalist

text: groups

text: such

text: as

text: those

text: seeking

text: independence

text: for

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: United

text: Ireland

text: and

text: Cuban

text: exile

text: movements

text: including

text: Orlando

text: Bosch

text: 's

text: Cuban

text: Power

text: and

text: the

text: Cuban

text: Nationalist

text: Movement

text: The

text: remaining

text: of

text: COINTELPRO

text: resources

text: were

text: expended

text: to

text: marginalize

text: and

text: subvert

text: white

text: hate

text: groups

text: including

text: the

text: Ku

text: Klux

text: Klan

text: and

text: the

text: National

text: States

text: Rights

text: Party

question: What percentage of COINTELPRO resources were targeted at FBI labeled subversive groups?

answer: 85%

question: Did the FBI target MLK?

answer: including Martin Luther King, Jr.

text: including Martin Luther King, Jr.

question: What percentage of COINTELPRO resources were used to target white hate groups?

answer: 15%

question: What were the key white hate groups targeted?

answer: Ku Klux Klan and the National States' Rights Party

text: Ku Klux Klan and the National States' Rights Party

question: What was the term for the liberal groups appearing at this time?

answer: New Left

text: New Left


text: The introduction of the community school model in the 1970s controversially removed the denominational basis of the schools, but religious interests were invited to be represented on the Boards of Management. Community schools are divided into two models, the community school vested in the Minister for Education and the community college vested in the local Education and Training Board. Community colleges tended to be amalgamations of unviable local schools under the umbrella of a new community school model, but community schools have tended to be entirely new foundations.

title: Comprehensive_school

title: Comprehensive_school

text: The

text: introduction

text: of

text: the

text: community

text: school

text: model

text: in

text: the

text: controversially

text: removed

text: the

text: denominational

text: basis

text: of

text: the

text: schools

text: but

text: religious

text: interests

text: were

text: invited

text: to

text: be

text: represented

text: on

text: the

text: Boards

text: of

text: Management

text: Community

text: schools

text: are

text: divided

text: into

text: two

text: models

text: the

text: community

text: school

text: vested

text: in

text: the

text: Minister

text: for

text: Education

text: and

text: the

text: community

text: college

text: vested

text: in

text: the

text: local

text: Education

text: and

text: Training

text: Board

text: Community

text: colleges

text: tended

text: to

text: be

text: amalgamations

text: of

text: unviable

text: local

text: schools

text: under

text: the

text: umbrella

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: community

text: school

text: model

text: but

text: community

text: schools

text: have

text: tended

text: to

text: be

text: entirely

text: new

text: foundations

question: What did the community school system remove from the comprehensive school model?

answer: the denominational basis of the schools

text: the denominational basis of the schools

question: What is a term for a grouping of local schools that cannot exist independently?

answer: Community colleges

text: Community colleges


text: Philadelphia is home to many national historical sites that relate to the founding of the United States. Independence National Historical Park is the center of these historical landmarks being one of the country's 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and the Liberty Bell are the city's most famous attractions. Other historic sites include homes for Edgar Allan Poe, Betsy Ross, and Thaddeus Kosciuszko, early government buildings like the First and Second Banks of the United States, Fort Mifflin, and the Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church. Philadelphia alone has 67 National Historic Landmarks, the third most of any city in the country.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: Philadelphia

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: many

text: national

text: historical

text: sites

text: that

text: relate

text: to

text: the

text: founding

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Independence

text: National

text: Historical

text: Park

text: is

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: these

text: historical

text: landmarks

text: being

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Sites

text: Independence

text: Hall

text: where

text: the

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Independence

text: was

text: signed

text: and

text: the

text: Liberty

text: Bell

text: are

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: most

text: famous

text: attractions

text: Other

text: historic

text: sites

text: include

text: homes

text: for

text: Edgar

text: Allan

text: Poe

text: Betsy

text: Ross

text: and

text: Thaddeus

text: Kosciuszko

text: early

text: government

text: buildings

text: like

text: the

text: First

text: and

text: Second

text: Banks

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Fort

text: Mifflin

text: and

text: the

text: Gloria

text: Dei

text: Old

text: Swedes

text: Church

text: Philadelphia

text: alone

text: has

text: National

text: Historic

text: Landmarks

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: of

text: any

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: country

question: Which is the biggest historical sites?

answer: Independence National Historical Park

text: Independence National Historical Park

question: How many UNESCO sites does the U.S. have?

answer: 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites

text: 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites

question: Where was the Declaration of Independence signed?

answer: Independence National Historical Park

text: Independence National Historical Park

question: What famous bell is in Philadelphia?

answer: the Liberty Bell

text: the Liberty Bell

question: What famous writer has a house in Philadelphia?

answer: Edgar Allan Poe

text: Edgar Allan Poe


text: Solar thermal power stations include the 354 megawatt (MW) Solar Energy Generating Systems power plant in the USA, Solnova Solar Power Station (Spain, 150 MW), Andasol solar power station (Spain, 100 MW), Nevada Solar One (USA, 64 MW), PS20 solar power tower (Spain, 20 MW), and the PS10 solar power tower (Spain, 11 MW). The 370 MW Ivanpah Solar Power Facility, located in California's Mojave Desert, is the world's largest solar-thermal power plant project currently under construction. Many other plants are under construction or planned, mainly in Spain and the USA. In developing countries, three World Bank projects for integrated solar thermal/combined-cycle gas-turbine power plants in Egypt, Mexico, and Morocco have been approved.

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Solar

text: thermal

text: power

text: stations

text: include

text: the

text: megawatt

text: MW

text: Solar

text: Energy

text: Generating

text: Systems

text: power

text: plant

text: in

text: the

text: USA

text: Solnova

text: Solar

text: Power

text: Station

text: Spain

text: MW

text: Andasol

text: solar

text: power

text: station

text: Spain

text: MW

text: Nevada

text: Solar

text: One

text: USA

text: MW

text: solar

text: power

text: tower

text: Spain

text: MW

text: and

text: the

text: solar

text: power

text: tower

text: Spain

text: MW

text: The

text: MW

text: Ivanpah

text: Solar

text: Power

text: Facility

text: located

text: in

text: California

text: 's

text: Mojave

text: Desert

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: solar

text: thermal

text: power

text: plant

text: project

text: currently

text: under

text: construction

text: Many

text: other

text: plants

text: are

text: under

text: construction

text: or

text: planned

text: mainly

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: the

text: USA

text: In

text: developing

text: countries

text: three

text: World

text: Bank

text: projects

text: for

text: integrated

text: solar

text: thermal

text: combined

text: cycle

text: gas

text: turbine

text: power

text: plants

text: in

text: Egypt

text: Mexico

text: and

text: Morocco

text: have

text: been

text: approved

question: Where is the Ivanpah Solar Power Facility located?

answer: California's Mojave Desert

text: California's Mojave Desert

question: What is the world's largest solar-thermal power plant project currently under construction?

answer: Ivanpah Solar Power Facility

text: Ivanpah Solar Power Facility

question: Where is the PS20 solar power tower located?

answer: Spain

text: Spain


text: Clock shifts were found to increase the risk of heart attack by 10 percent, and to disrupt sleep and reduce its efficiency. Effects on seasonal adaptation of the circadian rhythm can be severe and last for weeks. A 2008 study found that although male suicide rates rise in the weeks after the spring transition, the relationship weakened greatly after adjusting for season. A 2008 Swedish study found that heart attacks were significantly more common the first three weekdays after the spring transition, and significantly less common the first weekday after the autumn transition. The government of Kazakhstan cited health complications due to clock shifts as a reason for abolishing DST in 2005. In March 2011, Dmitri Medvedev, president of Russia, claimed that "stress of changing clocks" was the motivation for Russia to stay in DST all year long. Officials at the time talked about an annual increase in suicides.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: Clock

text: shifts

text: were

text: found

text: to

text: increase

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: heart

text: attack

text: by

text: percent

text: and

text: to

text: disrupt

text: sleep

text: and

text: reduce

text: its

text: efficiency

text: Effects

text: on

text: seasonal

text: adaptation

text: of

text: the

text: circadian

text: rhythm

text: can

text: be

text: severe

text: and

text: last

text: for

text: weeks

text: A

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: although

text: male

text: suicide

text: rates

text: rise

text: in

text: the

text: weeks

text: after

text: the

text: spring

text: transition

text: the

text: relationship

text: weakened

text: greatly

text: after

text: adjusting

text: for

text: season

text: A

text: Swedish

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: heart

text: attacks

text: were

text: significantly

text: more

text: common

text: the

text: first

text: three

text: weekdays

text: after

text: the

text: spring

text: transition

text: and

text: significantly

text: less

text: common

text: the

text: first

text: weekday

text: after

text: the

text: autumn

text: transition

text: The

text: government

text: of

text: Kazakhstan

text: cited

text: health

text: complications

text: due

text: to

text: clock

text: shifts

text: as

text: a

text: reason

text: for

text: abolishing

text: DST

text: in

text: In

text: March

text: Dmitri

text: Medvedev

text: president

text: of

text: Russia

text: claimed

text: that

text: stress

text: of

text: changing

text: clocks

text: was

text: the

text: motivation

text: for

text: Russia

text: to

text: stay

text: in

text: DST

text: all

text: year

text: long

text: Officials

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: talked

text: about

text: an

text: annual

text: increase

text: in

text: suicides

question: What natural rhythm is disrupted by seasonal changes?

answer: circadian rhythm

text: circadian rhythm

question: In 2005, what country used increased health risks as rationalization for getting rid of DST?

answer: Kazakhstan

text: Kazakhstan

question: Which Russian president argued that the country should stay in DST year-round because of the stresses of time shifts?

answer: Dmitri Medvedev

text: Dmitri Medvedev

question: According to the Swedish study in 2008, for how many weekdays following the "spring forward" do you have a higher risk of heart attack?

answer: three

text: three


text: After the fall of Napoleon, not only was Napoleonic Code retained by conquered countries including the Netherlands, Belgium, parts of Italy and Germany, but has been used as the basis of certain parts of law outside Europe including the Dominican Republic, the US state of Louisiana and the Canadian province of Quebec. The memory of Napoleon in Poland is favorable, for his support for independence and opposition to Russia, his legal code, the abolition of serfdom, and the introduction of modern middle class bureaucracies.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: After

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Napoleon

text: not

text: only

text: was

text: Napoleonic

text: Code

text: retained

text: by

text: conquered

text: countries

text: including

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Belgium

text: parts

text: of

text: Italy

text: and

text: Germany

text: but

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: as

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: certain

text: parts

text: of

text: law

text: outside

text: Europe

text: including

text: the

text: Dominican

text: Republic

text: the

text: US

text: state

text: of

text: Louisiana

text: and

text: the

text: Canadian

text: province

text: of

text: Quebec

text: The

text: memory

text: of

text: Napoleon

text: in

text: Poland

text: is

text: favorable

text: for

text: his

text: support

text: for

text: independence

text: and

text: opposition

text: to

text: Russia

text: his

text: legal

text: code

text: the

text: abolition

text: of

text: serfdom

text: and

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: modern

text: middle

text: class

text: bureaucracies

question: After the fall of Napoleon, many countries retained what system of law?

answer: Napoleonic Code

text: Napoleonic Code

question: Outside Europe, Napoleonic Code has been used as the basis for certain parts of what?

answer: law

text: law

question: How can the memory of Napoleon in Poland be characterized as?

answer: favorable

text: favorable

question: Poland views Napoleon in a positive light partially based on his opposition to what country?

answer: Russia

text: Russia

question: One reason Poland views Napoleon favorably is due to his abolition of what form of indentured servitude?

answer: serfdom

text: serfdom


text: The first game in Arena Football League history was played on June 19, 1987, between the Gladiators and Commandos at Pittsburgh Civic Arena in front of 12,117 fans. The game was deliberately not televised so that it could be analyzed and any follies and failures would not be subject to national public scrutiny. Following the inaugural game, tweaks and adjustments were made, and the first season continued. The Dynamite and Bruisers played in the first-ever televised AFL game the next night, on June 20, 1987, at the Rosemont Horizon in suburban Chicago on ESPN with Bob Rathbun and Lee Corso calling the play. The broadcast showed a short clip of the Commandos-Gladiators game. Each team played six games, two against each other team. The top two teams, Denver and Pittsburgh, then competed in the first-ever AFL championship game, ArenaBowl I.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: The

text: first

text: game

text: in

text: Arena

text: Football

text: League

text: history

text: was

text: played

text: on

text: June

text: between

text: the

text: Gladiators

text: and

text: Commandos

text: at

text: Pittsburgh

text: Civic

text: Arena

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: fans

text: The

text: game

text: was

text: deliberately

text: not

text: televised

text: so

text: that

text: it

text: could

text: be

text: analyzed

text: and

text: any

text: follies

text: and

text: failures

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: subject

text: to

text: national

text: public

text: scrutiny

text: Following

text: the

text: inaugural

text: game

text: tweaks

text: and

text: adjustments

text: were

text: made

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: season

text: continued

text: The

text: Dynamite

text: and

text: Bruisers

text: played

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: ever

text: televised

text: AFL

text: game

text: the

text: next

text: night

text: on

text: June

text: at

text: the

text: Rosemont

text: Horizon

text: in

text: suburban

text: Chicago

text: on

text: ESPN

text: with

text: Bob

text: Rathbun

text: and

text: Lee

text: Corso

text: calling

text: the

text: play

text: The

text: broadcast

text: showed

text: a

text: short

text: clip

text: of

text: the

text: Commandos

text: Gladiators

text: game

text: Each

text: team

text: played

text: six

text: games

text: two

text: against

text: each

text: other

text: team

text: The

text: top

text: two

text: teams

text: Denver

text: and

text: Pittsburgh

text: then

text: competed

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: ever

text: AFL

text: championship

text: game

text: ArenaBowl

text: I.

question: On what date was the inaugural game of the AFL played?

answer: June 19, 1987

text: June 19, 1987

question: Along with the Commandos, who played in the first Arena Football League game?

answer: Gladiators

text: Gladiators

question: How many spectators watched the first Arena Football League game?

answer: 12,117

question: On what date was the first AFL game that aired on television?

answer: June 20, 1987

text: June 20, 1987

question: At what venue did the first televised Arena Football League game occur?

answer: the Rosemont Horizon

text: the Rosemont Horizon


text: Iran (/aɪˈræn/ or i/ɪˈrɑːn/; Persian: Irān – ایران [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] ( listen)), also known as Persia (/ˈpɜːrʒə/ or /ˈpɜːrʃə/), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران – Jomhuri ye Eslāmi ye Irān [d͡ʒomhuːˌɾije eslɒːˌmije ʔiːˈɾɒːn]), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the de facto Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by Kazakhstan and Russia across the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 78.4 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country that has both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. Iran has long been of geostrategic importance because of its central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: Iran

text: /aɪˈræn/

text: or

text: i

text: ɪˈrɑːn/

text: Persian

text: Irān

text: ایران

text: ʔiːˈɾɒːn

text: listen

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Persia

text: /ˈpɜːrʒə/

text: or

text: /ˈpɜːrʃə/

text: officially

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Iran

text: جمهوری

text: اسلامی

text: ایران

text: Jomhuri

text: ye

text: Eslāmi

text: ye

text: Irān

text: d͡ʒomhuːˌɾije

text: eslɒːˌmije

text: ʔiːˈɾɒːn

text: is

text: a

text: sovereign

text: state

text: in

text: Western

text: Asia

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: by

text: Armenia

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: Nagorno

text: Karabakh

text: Republic

text: and

text: Azerbaijan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: Kazakhstan

text: and

text: Russia

text: across

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: by

text: Turkmenistan

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: by

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Oman

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Iraq

text: Comprising

text: a

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: sq

text: mi

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: With

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: Iran

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: country

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: that

text: has

text: both

text: a

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: and

text: an

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: coastline

text: Iran

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: of

text: geostrategic

text: importance

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: central

text: location

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: and

text: Western

text: Asia

text: and

text: its

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: Strait

text: of

text: Hormuz

question: Which country borders Iran to Iran's northwest?

answer: Armenia

text: Armenia

question: How many people live in Iran?

answer: 78.4 million

text: 78.4 million

question: What is Iran's land mass in square miles?

answer: 636,372 sq mi

text: 636,372 sq mi

question: What is the unofficial name for Iran?

answer: Persia

text: Persia

question: What is Iran's official country name?

answer: the Islamic Republic of Iran

text: the Islamic Republic of Iran


text: Orontid Armenia formally passed to empire of Alexander the Great following his conquest of Persia. Alexander appointed an Orontid named Mithranes to govern Armenia. Armenia later became a vassal state of the Seleucid Empire, but it maintained a considerable degree of autonomy, retaining its native rulers. Towards the end 212 BC the country was divided into two kingdoms, Greater Armenia and Armenia Sophene including Commagene or Armenia Minor. The kingdoms became so independent from Seleucid control that Antiochus III the Great waged war on them during his reign and replaced their rulers.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Orontid

text: Armenia

text: formally

text: passed

text: to

text: empire

text: of

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: following

text: his

text: conquest

text: of

text: Persia

text: Alexander

text: appointed

text: an

text: Orontid

text: named

text: Mithranes

text: to

text: govern

text: Armenia

text: Armenia

text: later

text: became

text: a

text: vassal

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: Empire

text: but

text: it

text: maintained

text: a

text: considerable

text: degree

text: of

text: autonomy

text: retaining

text: its

text: native

text: rulers

text: Towards

text: the

text: end

text: BC

text: the

text: country

text: was

text: divided

text: into

text: two

text: kingdoms

text: Greater

text: Armenia

text: and

text: Armenia

text: Sophene

text: including

text: Commagene

text: or

text: Armenia

text: Minor

text: The

text: kingdoms

text: became

text: so

text: independent

text: from

text: Seleucid

text: control

text: that

text: Antiochus

text: III

text: the

text: Great

text: waged

text: war

text: on

text: them

text: during

text: his

text: reign

text: and

text: replaced

text: their

text: rulers

question: Orontid Armenia was given to Alexander the Great after he took control of what area?

answer: Persia

text: Persia

question: Who did Alexander apoint to govern Armenia?

answer: Mithranes

text: Mithranes

question: Armenia became a vassal state of what Empire?

answer: Seleucid

text: Seleucid

question: What year did Armenia split into Greater Armenia and Armenia Sophene?

answer: 212 BC

text: 212 BC

question: Who attacked Armenia when they became too distant from Seleucid rule?

answer: Antiochus III the Great

text: Antiochus III the Great


text: A questionnaire called the teen timetable has been used to measure the age at which individuals believe adolescents should be able to engage in behaviors associated with autonomy. This questionnaire has been used to gauge differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy, finding, for instance, that White parents and adolescents tend to expect autonomy earlier than those of Asian descent. It is, therefore, clear that cultural differences exist in perceptions of adolescent autonomy, and such differences have implications for the lifestyles and development of adolescents. In sub-Saharan African youth, the notions of individuality and freedom may not be useful in understanding adolescent development. Rather, African notions of childhood and adolescent development are relational and interdependent.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: A

text: questionnaire

text: called

text: the

text: teen

text: timetable

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: measure

text: the

text: age

text: at

text: which

text: individuals

text: believe

text: adolescents

text: should

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: engage

text: in

text: behaviors

text: associated

text: with

text: autonomy

text: This

text: questionnaire

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: gauge

text: differences

text: in

text: cultural

text: perceptions

text: of

text: adolescent

text: autonomy

text: finding

text: for

text: instance

text: that

text: White

text: parents

text: and

text: adolescents

text: tend

text: to

text: expect

text: autonomy

text: earlier

text: than

text: those

text: of

text: Asian

text: descent

text: It

text: is

text: therefore

text: clear

text: that

text: cultural

text: differences

text: exist

text: in

text: perceptions

text: of

text: adolescent

text: autonomy

text: and

text: such

text: differences

text: have

text: implications

text: for

text: the

text: lifestyles

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: adolescents

text: In

text: sub

text: Saharan

text: African

text: youth

text: the

text: notions

text: of

text: individuality

text: and

text: freedom

text: may

text: not

text: be

text: useful

text: in

text: understanding

text: adolescent

text: development

text: Rather

text: African

text: notions

text: of

text: childhood

text: and

text: adolescent

text: development

text: are

text: relational

text: and

text: interdependent

question: What questionaire has been used to measure the age in which adolescents should be able to engage in autonomous behaviors?

answer: teen timetable

text: teen timetable

question: Do White or Asian parents tend to expect autonomy earlier than the other?

answer: White

text: White

question: What has the teen timetable questionnaire been used to guage?

answer: differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy

text: differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy


text: The English term comics is used as a singular noun when it refers to the medium and a plural when referring to particular instances, such as individual strips or comic books. Though the term derives from the humorous (or comic) work that predominated in early American newspaper comic strips, it has become standard also for non-humorous works. It is common in English to refer to the comics of different cultures by the terms used in their original languages, such as manga for Japanese comics, or bandes dessinées for French-language comics. There is no consensus amongst theorists and historians on a definition of comics; some emphasize the combination of images and text, some sequentiality or other image relations, and others historical aspects such as mass reproduction or the use of recurring characters. The increasing cross-pollination of concepts from different comics cultures and eras has further made definition difficult.

title: Comics

title: Comics

text: The

text: English

text: term

text: comics

text: is

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: singular

text: noun

text: when

text: it

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: medium

text: and

text: a

text: plural

text: when

text: referring

text: to

text: particular

text: instances

text: such

text: as

text: individual

text: strips

text: or

text: comic

text: books

text: Though

text: the

text: term

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: humorous

text: or

text: comic

text: work

text: that

text: predominated

text: in

text: early

text: American

text: newspaper

text: comic

text: strips

text: it

text: has

text: become

text: standard

text: also

text: for

text: non

text: humorous

text: works

text: It

text: is

text: common

text: in

text: English

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: comics

text: of

text: different

text: cultures

text: by

text: the

text: terms

text: used

text: in

text: their

text: original

text: languages

text: such

text: as

text: manga

text: for

text: Japanese

text: comics

text: or

text: bandes

text: dessinées

text: for

text: French

text: language

text: comics

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: consensus

text: amongst

text: theorists

text: and

text: historians

text: on

text: a

text: definition

text: of

text: comics

text: some

text: emphasize

text: the

text: combination

text: of

text: images

text: and

text: text

text: some

text: sequentiality

text: or

text: other

text: image

text: relations

text: and

text: others

text: historical

text: aspects

text: such

text: as

text: mass

text: reproduction

text: or

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: recurring

text: characters

text: The

text: increasing

text: cross

text: pollination

text: of

text: concepts

text: from

text: different

text: comics

text: cultures

text: and

text: eras

text: has

text: further

text: made

text: definition

text: difficult

question: French comics are also known as what?

answer: bandes dessinées

text: bandes dessinées

question: When is the term comics considered singular rather than plural?

answer: when it refers to the medium

text: when it refers to the medium

question: The historical aspect of cartooning can be applied to mass reproduction or what?

answer: recurring characters

text: recurring characters

question: Some experts believe comics is a combination of what two things?

answer: images and text

text: images and text

question: What are Japanese comics called?

answer: manga

text: manga


text: The Times commissioned the serif typeface Times New Roman, created by Victor Lardent at the English branch of Monotype, in 1931. It was commissioned after Stanley Morison had written an article criticizing The Times for being badly printed and typographically antiquated. The font was supervised by Morison and drawn by Victor Lardent, an artist from the advertising department of The Times. Morison used an older font named Plantin as the basis for his design, but made revisions for legibility and economy of space. Times New Roman made its debut in the issue of 3 October 1932. After one year, the design was released for commercial sale. The Times stayed with Times New Roman for 40 years, but new production techniques and the format change from broadsheet to tabloid in 2004 have caused the newspaper to switch font five times since 1972. However, all the new fonts have been variants of the original New Roman font:

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: The

text: Times

text: commissioned

text: the

text: serif

text: typeface

text: Times

text: New

text: Roman

text: created

text: by

text: Victor

text: Lardent

text: at

text: the

text: English

text: branch

text: of

text: Monotype

text: in

text: It

text: was

text: commissioned

text: after

text: Stanley

text: Morison

text: had

text: written

text: an

text: article

text: criticizing

text: The

text: Times

text: for

text: being

text: badly

text: printed

text: and

text: typographically

text: antiquated

text: The

text: font

text: was

text: supervised

text: by

text: Morison

text: and

text: drawn

text: by

text: Victor

text: Lardent

text: an

text: artist

text: from

text: the

text: advertising

text: department

text: of

text: The

text: Times

text: Morison

text: used

text: an

text: older

text: font

text: named

text: Plantin

text: as

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: his

text: design

text: but

text: made

text: revisions

text: for

text: legibility

text: and

text: economy

text: of

text: space

text: Times

text: New

text: Roman

text: made

text: its

text: debut

text: in

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: October

text: After

text: one

text: year

text: the

text: design

text: was

text: released

text: for

text: commercial

text: sale

text: The

text: Times

text: stayed

text: with

text: Times

text: New

text: Roman

text: for

text: years

text: but

text: new

text: production

text: techniques

text: and

text: the

text: format

text: change

text: from

text: broadsheet

text: to

text: tabloid

text: in

text: have

text: caused

text: the

text: newspaper

text: to

text: switch

text: font

text: five

text: times

text: since

text: However

text: all

text: the

text: new

text: fonts

text: have

text: been

text: variants

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: New

text: Roman

text: font

question: The Times commissioned what serif typeface in 1931?

answer: Times New Roman

text: Times New Roman

question: Who is the creator of the serif typeface created in 1931 for The Times newspaper?

answer: Victor Lardent

text: Victor Lardent

question: Who commissioned the change of the typeface of The Times in 1931?

answer: Stanley Morison

text: Stanley Morison

question: What is the name of the typeface that Times New Roman is based on?

answer: Plantin

text: Plantin

question: How many years has The Times stayed with Times New Roman?

answer: 40


text: Houston is served by the Houston Chronicle, its only major daily newspaper with wide distribution. The Hearst Corporation, which owns and operates the Houston Chronicle, bought the assets of the Houston Post—its long-time rival and main competition—when Houston Post ceased operations in 1995. The Houston Post was owned by the family of former Lieutenant Governor Bill Hobby of Houston. The only other major publication to serve the city is the Houston Press—a free alternative weekly with a weekly readership of more than 300,000.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: Houston

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: the

text: Houston

text: Chronicle

text: its

text: only

text: major

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: with

text: wide

text: distribution

text: The

text: Hearst

text: Corporation

text: which

text: owns

text: and

text: operates

text: the

text: Houston

text: Chronicle

text: bought

text: the

text: assets

text: of

text: the

text: Houston

text: Post

text: its

text: long

text: time

text: rival

text: and

text: main

text: competition

text: when

text: Houston

text: Post

text: ceased

text: operations

text: in

text: The

text: Houston

text: Post

text: was

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: family

text: of

text: former

text: Lieutenant

text: Governor

text: Bill

text: Hobby

text: of

text: Houston

text: The

text: only

text: other

text: major

text: publication

text: to

text: serve

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: Houston

text: Press

text: a

text: free

text: alternative

text: weekly

text: with

text: a

text: weekly

text: readership

text: of

text: more

text: than

question: What is Houston's major newspaper?

answer: Houston Chronicle

text: Houston Chronicle

question: Who owns the Houston Chronicle?

answer: Hearst Corporation

text: Hearst Corporation

question: When did Chronicle rival newspaper, the Houston Post, cease operations?

answer: 1995

question: Whose family owned the Houston Post?

answer: Bill Hobby

text: Bill Hobby

question: What is the other newspaper that serves Houston?

answer: Houston Press

text: Houston Press


text: In the wake of the racially-motivated" church shooting in Charleston, South Carolina, Yale was under criticism again in the summer of 2015 for Calhoun College, one of 12 residential colleges, which was named after John C. Calhoun, a slave-owner and strong slavery supporter in the nineteenth century. In July 2015 students signed a petition calling for the name change. They argued in the petition that—while Calhoun was respected in the 19th century as an "extraordinary American statesman"—he was "one of the most prolific defenders of slavery and white supremacy" in the history of the United States. In August 2015 Yale President Peter Salovey addressed the Freshman Class of 2019 in which he responded to the racial tensions but explained why the college would not be renamed. He described Calhoun as a "a notable political theorist, a vice president to two different U.S. presidents, a secretary of war and of state, and a congressman and senator representing South Carolina." He acknowledged that Calhoun also "believed that the highest forms of civilization depend on involuntary servitude. Not only that, but he also believed that the races he thought to be inferior, black people in particular, ought to be subjected to it for the sake of their own best interests." Racial tensions increased in the fall of 2015 centering on comments by Nicholas A. Christakis and his wife Erika regarding freedom of speech. In April 2016 Salovey announced that "despite decades of vigorous alumni and student protests," Calhoun's name will remain on the Yale residential college explaining that it is preferable for Yale students to live in Calhoun's "shadow" so they will be "better prepared to rise to the challenges of the present and the future." He claimed that if they removed Calhoun's name, it would "obscure" his "legacy of slavery rather than addressing it." "Yale is part of that history" and "We cannot erase American history, but we can confront it, teach it and learn from it." One change that will be issued is the title of “master” for faculty members who serve as residential college leaders will be renamed to “head of college” due to its connotation of slavery.

title: Yale_University

title: Yale_University

text: In

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: the

text: racially

text: motivated

text: church

text: shooting

text: in

text: Charleston

text: South

text: Carolina

text: Yale

text: was

text: under

text: criticism

text: again

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: for

text: Calhoun

text: College

text: one

text: of

text: residential

text: colleges

text: which

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: John

text: C.

text: Calhoun

text: a

text: slave

text: owner

text: and

text: strong

text: slavery

text: supporter

text: in

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: In

text: July

text: students

text: signed

text: a

text: petition

text: calling

text: for

text: the

text: name

text: change

text: They

text: argued

text: in

text: the

text: petition

text: that

text: while

text: Calhoun

text: was

text: respected

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: as

text: an

text: extraordinary

text: American

text: statesman

text: he

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: prolific

text: defenders

text: of

text: slavery

text: and

text: white

text: supremacy

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: In

text: August

text: Yale

text: President

text: Peter

text: Salovey

text: addressed

text: the

text: Freshman

text: Class

text: of

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: responded

text: to

text: the

text: racial

text: tensions

text: but

text: explained

text: why

text: the

text: college

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: renamed

text: He

text: described

text: Calhoun

text: as

text: a

text: a

text: notable

text: political

text: theorist

text: a

text: vice

text: president

text: to

text: two

text: different

text: U.S.

text: presidents

text: a

text: secretary

text: of

text: war

text: and

text: of

text: state

text: and

text: a

text: congressman

text: and

text: senator

text: representing

text: South

text: Carolina

text: He

text: acknowledged

text: that

text: Calhoun

text: also

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: highest

text: forms

text: of

text: civilization

text: depend

text: on

text: involuntary

text: servitude

text: Not

text: only

text: that

text: but

text: he

text: also

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: races

text: he

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: inferior

text: black

text: people

text: in

text: particular

text: ought

text: to

text: be

text: subjected

text: to

text: it

text: for

text: the

text: sake

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: best

text: interests

text: Racial

text: tensions

text: increased

text: in

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: centering

text: on

text: comments

text: by

text: Nicholas

text: A.

text: Christakis

text: and

text: his

text: wife

text: Erika

text: regarding

text: freedom

text: of

text: speech

text: In

text: April

text: Salovey

text: announced

text: that

text: despite

text: decades

text: of

text: vigorous

text: alumni

text: and

text: student

text: protests

text: Calhoun

text: 's

text: name

text: will

text: remain

text: on

text: the

text: Yale

text: residential

text: college

text: explaining

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: preferable

text: for

text: Yale

text: students

text: to

text: live

text: in

text: Calhoun

text: 's

text: shadow

text: so

text: they

text: will

text: be

text: better

text: prepared

text: to

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: challenges

text: of

text: the

text: present

text: and

text: the

text: future

text: He

text: claimed

text: that

text: if

text: they

text: removed

text: Calhoun

text: 's

text: name

text: it

text: would

text: obscure

text: his

text: legacy

text: of

text: slavery

text: rather

text: than

text: addressing

text: it

text: Yale

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: that

text: history

text: and

text: We

text: can

text: not

text: erase

text: American

text: history

text: but

text: we

text: can

text: confront

text: it

text: teach

text: it

text: and

text: learn

text: from

text: it

text: One

text: change

text: that

text: will

text: be

text: issued

text: is

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: master

text: for

text: faculty

text: members

text: who

text: serve

text: as

text: residential

text: college

text: leaders

text: will

text: be

text: renamed

text: to

text: head

text: of

text: college

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: connotation

text: of

text: slavery

question: Who was Calhoun college named for?

answer: John C. Calhoun

text: John C. Calhoun

question: Why did people dislike the college being named after John C. Calhoun?

answer: a slave-owner and strong slavery supporter in the nineteenth century

text: a slave-owner and strong slavery supporter in the nineteenth century

question: What title change will be happening to reduce racial tensions?

answer: the title of “master” for faculty members who serve as residential college leaders will be renamed to “head of college”

text: the title of “master” for faculty members who serve as residential college leaders will be renamed to “head of college”

question: What did President Salovey believe would happen if Calhoun's name was removed from the college?

answer: it would "obscure" his "legacy of slavery rather than addressing it."

text: it would "obscure" his "legacy of slavery rather than addressing it."

question: Whose comments increased racial tension in the Fall of 2015?

answer: Nicholas A. Christakis and his wife Erika

text: Nicholas A. Christakis and his wife Erika


text: The Macintosh, however, was expensive, which hindered its ability to be competitive in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses. Macintosh systems still found success in education and desktop publishing and kept Apple as the second-largest PC manufacturer for the next decade. In the 1990s, improvements in the rival Wintel platform, notably with the introduction of Windows 3.0, then Windows 95, gradually took market share from the more expensive Macintosh systems. The performance advantage of 68000-based Macintosh systems was eroded by Intel's Pentium, and in 1994 Apple was relegated to third place as Compaq became the top PC manufacturer. Even after a transition to the superior PowerPC-based Power Macintosh (later renamed the PowerMac, in line with the PowerBook series) line in 1994, the falling prices of commodity PC components and the release of Windows 95 saw the Macintosh user base decline.

title: Macintosh

title: Macintosh

text: The

text: Macintosh

text: however

text: was

text: expensive

text: which

text: hindered

text: its

text: ability

text: to

text: be

text: competitive

text: in

text: a

text: market

text: already

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: Commodore

text: for

text: consumers

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: IBM

text: Personal

text: Computer

text: and

text: its

text: accompanying

text: clone

text: market

text: for

text: businesses

text: Macintosh

text: systems

text: still

text: found

text: success

text: in

text: education

text: and

text: desktop

text: publishing

text: and

text: kept

text: Apple

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: PC

text: manufacturer

text: for

text: the

text: next

text: decade

text: In

text: the

text: improvements

text: in

text: the

text: rival

text: Wintel

text: platform

text: notably

text: with

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: Windows

text: then

text: Windows

text: gradually

text: took

text: market

text: share

text: from

text: the

text: more

text: expensive

text: Macintosh

text: systems

text: The

text: performance

text: advantage

text: of

text: Macintosh

text: systems

text: was

text: eroded

text: by

text: Intel

text: 's

text: Pentium

text: and

text: in

text: Apple

text: was

text: relegated

text: to

text: third

text: place

text: as

text: Compaq

text: became

text: the

text: top

text: PC

text: manufacturer

text: Even

text: after

text: a

text: transition

text: to

text: the

text: superior

text: PowerPC

text: based

text: Power

text: Macintosh

text: later

text: renamed

text: the

text: PowerMac

text: in

text: line

text: with

text: the

text: PowerBook

text: series

text: line

text: in

text: the

text: falling

text: prices

text: of

text: commodity

text: PC

text: components

text: and

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: Windows

text: saw

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: user

text: base

text: decline

question: What hindered the competetive ability of Apple when it was introduced?

answer: expensive

text: expensive

question: Where did Macintosh initially find success in the market?

answer: education and desktop publishing

text: education and desktop publishing

question: Which platform, when improved in the 1990's, took market share from Macintosh?

answer: Wintel

text: Wintel

question: What type of advantage did Intel's Pentium over Macintosh systems in the 1990's?

answer: performance

text: performance

question: Who became the top PC manufacturer in 1994, leaving Apple in 3rd place?

answer: Compaq

text: Compaq


text: Since 2009, the Tucson Festival of Books has been held annually over a two-day period in March at the University of Arizona. By 2010 it had become the fourth largest book festival in the United States, with 450 authors and 80,000 attendees. In addition to readings and lectures, it features a science fair, varied entertainment, food, and exhibitors ranging from local retailers and publishers to regional and national nonprofit organizations. In 2011, the Festival began presenting a Founder's Award; recipients include Elmore Leonard and R.L. Stine.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Since

text: the

text: Tucson

text: Festival

text: of

text: Books

text: has

text: been

text: held

text: annually

text: over

text: a

text: two

text: day

text: period

text: in

text: March

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Arizona

text: By

text: it

text: had

text: become

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: book

text: festival

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: authors

text: and

text: attendees

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: readings

text: and

text: lectures

text: it

text: features

text: a

text: science

text: fair

text: varied

text: entertainment

text: food

text: and

text: exhibitors

text: ranging

text: from

text: local

text: retailers

text: and

text: publishers

text: to

text: regional

text: and

text: national

text: nonprofit

text: organizations

text: In

text: the

text: Festival

text: began

text: presenting

text: a

text: Founder

text: 's

text: Award

text: recipients

text: include

text: Elmore

text: Leonard

text: and

text: R.L.

text: Stine

question: When did the Tucson Festival of Books begin?

answer: 2009

question: When is the Tucson Festival of Books held?

answer: a two-day period in March

text: a two-day period in March

question: How many people came to the Tucson Festival of Books in 2010?

answer: 80,000

question: What award did the Tucson Festival of Books give to R. L. Stine?

answer: Founder's Award

text: Founder's Award


text: According to the Sunni scholar Ibn ʻAsākir in the 12th century, there were opportunities for female education in the medieval Islamic world, writing that women could study, earn ijazahs (academic degrees), and qualify as scholars and teachers. This was especially the case for learned and scholarly families, who wanted to ensure the highest possible education for both their sons and daughters. Ibn ʻAsakir had himself studied under 80 different female teachers in his time. Female education in the Islamic world was inspired by Muhammad's wives, such as Khadijah, a successful businesswoman. According to a hadith attributed to Muhammad, he praised the women of Medina because of their desire for religious knowledge:

title: Madrasa

title: Madrasa

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Sunni

text: scholar

text: Ibn

text: ʻAsākir

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: there

text: were

text: opportunities

text: for

text: female

text: education

text: in

text: the

text: medieval

text: Islamic

text: world

text: writing

text: that

text: women

text: could

text: study

text: earn

text: ijazahs

text: academic

text: degrees

text: and

text: qualify

text: as

text: scholars

text: and

text: teachers

text: This

text: was

text: especially

text: the

text: case

text: for

text: learned

text: and

text: scholarly

text: families

text: who

text: wanted

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: highest

text: possible

text: education

text: for

text: both

text: their

text: sons

text: and

text: daughters

text: Ibn

text: ʻAsakir

text: had

text: himself

text: studied

text: under

text: different

text: female

text: teachers

text: in

text: his

text: time

text: Female

text: education

text: in

text: the

text: Islamic

text: world

text: was

text: inspired

text: by

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: wives

text: such

text: as

text: Khadijah

text: a

text: successful

text: businesswoman

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: hadith

text: attributed

text: to

text: Muhammad

text: he

text: praised

text: the

text: women

text: of

text: Medina

text: because

text: of

text: their

text: desire

text: for

text: religious

text: knowledge

question: What titles could women earn by going to Islamic schools?

answer: scholars and teachers

text: scholars and teachers

question: Who wanted to ensured that their daughters were educated in Islamic schools?

answer: learned and scholarly families

text: learned and scholarly families

question: Why did the prophet Muhammad esteem women in Medina?

answer: their desire for religious knowledge

text: their desire for religious knowledge

question: Who created a pathway for education for women in the Islamic world?

answer: Muhammad's wives

text: Muhammad's wives

question: Which one of Muhammad's wives had a particular impact on his view of women and education?

answer: Khadijah

text: Khadijah


text: The political situation in England rapidly began to deteriorate. Longchamp refused to work with Puiset and became unpopular with the English nobility and clergy. John exploited this unpopularity to set himself up as an alternative ruler with his own royal court, complete with his own justiciar, chancellor and other royal posts, and was happy to be portrayed as an alternative regent, and possibly the next king. Armed conflict broke out between John and Longchamp, and by October 1191 Longchamp was isolated in the Tower of London with John in control of the city of London, thanks to promises John had made to the citizens in return for recognition as Richard's heir presumptive. At this point Walter of Coutances, the Archbishop of Rouen, returned to England, having been sent by Richard to restore order. John's position was undermined by Walter's relative popularity and by the news that Richard had married whilst in Cyprus, which presented the possibility that Richard would have legitimate children and heirs.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: The

text: political

text: situation

text: in

text: England

text: rapidly

text: began

text: to

text: deteriorate

text: Longchamp

text: refused

text: to

text: work

text: with

text: Puiset

text: and

text: became

text: unpopular

text: with

text: the

text: English

text: nobility

text: and

text: clergy

text: John

text: exploited

text: this

text: unpopularity

text: to

text: set

text: himself

text: up

text: as

text: an

text: alternative

text: ruler

text: with

text: his

text: own

text: royal

text: court

text: complete

text: with

text: his

text: own

text: justiciar

text: chancellor

text: and

text: other

text: royal

text: posts

text: and

text: was

text: happy

text: to

text: be

text: portrayed

text: as

text: an

text: alternative

text: regent

text: and

text: possibly

text: the

text: next

text: king

text: Armed

text: conflict

text: broke

text: out

text: between

text: John

text: and

text: Longchamp

text: and

text: by

text: October

text: Longchamp

text: was

text: isolated

text: in

text: the

text: Tower

text: of

text: London

text: with

text: John

text: in

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: London

text: thanks

text: to

text: promises

text: John

text: had

text: made

text: to

text: the

text: citizens

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: recognition

text: as

text: Richard

text: 's

text: heir

text: presumptive

text: At

text: this

text: point

text: Walter

text: of

text: Coutances

text: the

text: Archbishop

text: of

text: Rouen

text: returned

text: to

text: England

text: having

text: been

text: sent

text: by

text: Richard

text: to

text: restore

text: order

text: John

text: 's

text: position

text: was

text: undermined

text: by

text: Walter

text: 's

text: relative

text: popularity

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: news

text: that

text: Richard

text: had

text: married

text: whilst

text: in

text: Cyprus

text: which

text: presented

text: the

text: possibility

text: that

text: Richard

text: would

text: have

text: legitimate

text: children

text: and

text: heirs

question: Who refused to work with Puiset?

answer: Longchamp

text: Longchamp

question: When was Longchamp isolated in the Tower of London?

answer: October 1191

text: October 1191

question: Where did Walter of Coutances return to?

answer: England

text: England


text: Like most Slavic languages, there are mostly three genders for nouns: masculine, feminine, and neuter, a distinction which is still present even in the plural (unlike Russian and, in part, the Čakavian dialect). They also have two numbers: singular and plural. However, some consider there to be three numbers (paucal or dual, too), since (still preserved in closely related Slovene) after two (dva, dvije/dve), three (tri) and four (četiri), and all numbers ending in them (e.g. twenty-two, ninety-three, one hundred four) the genitive singular is used, and after all other numbers five (pet) and up, the genitive plural is used. (The number one [jedan] is treated as an adjective.) Adjectives are placed in front of the noun they modify and must agree in both case and number with it.

title: Serbo-Croatian

title: Serbo

title: Croatian

text: Like

text: most

text: Slavic

text: languages

text: there

text: are

text: mostly

text: three

text: genders

text: for

text: nouns

text: masculine

text: feminine

text: and

text: neuter

text: a

text: distinction

text: which

text: is

text: still

text: present

text: even

text: in

text: the

text: plural

text: unlike

text: Russian

text: and

text: in

text: part

text: the

text: Čakavian

text: dialect

text: They

text: also

text: have

text: two

text: numbers

text: singular

text: and

text: plural

text: However

text: some

text: consider

text: there

text: to

text: be

text: three

text: numbers

text: paucal

text: or

text: dual

text: too

text: since

text: still

text: preserved

text: in

text: closely

text: related

text: Slovene

text: after

text: two

text: dva

text: dvije

text: dve

text: three

text: tri

text: and

text: four

text: četiri

text: and

text: all

text: numbers

text: ending

text: in

text: them

text: e.g.

text: twenty

text: two

text: ninety

text: three

text: one

text: hundred

text: four

text: the

text: genitive

text: singular

text: is

text: used

text: and

text: after

text: all

text: other

text: numbers

text: five

text: pet

text: and

text: up

text: the

text: genitive

text: plural

text: is

text: used

text: The

text: number

text: one

text: jedan

text: is

text: treated

text: as

text: an

text: adjective

text: Adjectives

text: are

text: placed

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: noun

text: they

text: modify

text: and

text: must

text: agree

text: in

text: both

text: case

text: and

text: number

text: with

text: it

question: What three noun genders does Serbo-Croatian have?

answer: masculine, feminine, and neuter

text: masculine, feminine, and neuter

question: Where are adjectives properly placed in the Serbo-Croatian language?

answer: in front of the noun they modify

text: in front of the noun they modify

question: Which number in the Serbo-Croatian language is treated as an adjective?

answer: one [jedan]

text: one [jedan]