text: ^9 Sub-groups of Croats include Bunjevci (in Bačka), Šokci (in Slavonia and Vojvodina), Janjevci (in Kosovo), Burgenland Croats (in Austria), Bosniaks (in Hungary), Molise Croats (in Italy), Krashovans (in Romania), Moravian Croats (in the Czech Republic)

title: Slavs

title: Slavs

text: Sub

text: groups

text: of

text: Croats

text: include

text: Bunjevci

text: in

text: Bačka

text: Šokci

text: in

text: Slavonia

text: and

text: Vojvodina

text: Janjevci

text: in

text: Kosovo

text: Burgenland

text: Croats

text: in

text: Austria

text: Bosniaks

text: in

text: Hungary

text: Molise

text: Croats

text: in

text: Italy

text: Krashovans

text: in

text: Romania

text: Moravian

text: Croats

text: in

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

question: Where are Bunjevci located?

answer: Bačka

text: Bačka

question: Where are Šokci located?

answer: Slavonia and Vojvodina

text: Slavonia and Vojvodina

question: Where are Janjevci located?

answer: Kosovo

text: Kosovo

question: Where are Burgenland Croats located?

answer: Austria

text: Austria

question: Where are Krashovans located?

answer: Romania

text: Romania


text: In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players, in 1999, the Home Office tightened its rules for granting work permits to players from countries outside of the European Union. A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years, and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.

title: Premier_League

title: Premier_League

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: concerns

text: that

text: clubs

text: were

text: increasingly

text: passing

text: over

text: young

text: English

text: players

text: in

text: favour

text: of

text: foreign

text: players

text: in

text: the

text: Home

text: Office

text: tightened

text: its

text: rules

text: for

text: granting

text: work

text: permits

text: to

text: players

text: from

text: countries

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: A

text: non

text: EU

text: player

text: applying

text: for

text: the

text: permit

text: must

text: have

text: played

text: for

text: his

text: country

text: in

text: at

text: least

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: its

text: competitive

text: A

text: team

text: matches

text: for

text: which

text: he

text: was

text: available

text: for

text: selection

text: during

text: the

text: previous

text: two

text: years

text: and

text: his

text: country

text: must

text: have

text: averaged

text: at

text: least

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: official

text: FIFA

text: world

text: rankings

text: over

text: the

text: previous

text: two

text: years

text: If

text: a

text: player

text: does

text: not

text: meet

text: those

text: criteria

text: the

text: club

text: wishing

text: to

text: sign

text: him

text: may

text: appeal

question: Why did the Home Office change it rules regardin work permits in 1999?

answer: In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players

text: In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players

question: What was one of their changes?

answer: A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches

text: A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches

question: What was another requirement of foreign players?

answer: his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years.

text: his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years.

question: Could a club appeal a requirement?

answer: If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.

text: If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.

question: In which year did the Home Office tighten rules on granting work permits to foreign football players?

answer: 1999

question: For what percent must a player play of the competitive A team matches for which he was available for selection in the previous two years to get a work permit from the Home OFfice?

answer: 75

question: Over the last two years, what rank must a player's team average at least in order for them to receive a work permit from the Home Office?

answer: 70th place

text: 70th place

question: What can a club do if a player they wish to sign does not meet the Home Office's work permit requirements?

answer: appeal

text: appeal


text: On November 17, 1987, SCA acquired CBS Records, which hosted such acts as Michael Jackson, for US$2 billion. CBS Inc., now CBS Corporation, retained the rights to the CBS name for music recordings but granted Sony a temporary license to use the CBS name. CBS Corporation founded a new CBS Records in 2006, which is distributed by Sony through its RED subsidiary.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: On

text: November

text: SCA

text: acquired

text: CBS

text: Records

text: which

text: hosted

text: such

text: acts

text: as

text: Michael

text: Jackson

text: for

text: US$

text: billion

text: CBS

text: Inc.

text: now

text: CBS

text: Corporation

text: retained

text: the

text: rights

text: to

text: the

text: CBS

text: name

text: for

text: music

text: recordings

text: but

text: granted

text: Sony

text: a

text: temporary

text: license

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: CBS

text: name

text: CBS

text: Corporation

text: founded

text: a

text: new

text: CBS

text: Records

text: in

text: which

text: is

text: distributed

text: by

text: Sony

text: through

text: its

text: RED

text: subsidiary

question: In what year did SCA buy CBS Records?

answer: 1987

question: Who was the biggest artist that CBS had?

answer: Michael Jackson

text: Michael Jackson

question: How much did SCA pay for CBS Records?

answer: $2 billion

text: $2 billion

question: In what year did the CBS Corporation begin another CBS Records?

answer: 2006

question: Who distributes CBS Records material?

answer: Sony through its RED subsidiary

text: Sony through its RED subsidiary


text: In the 1980s to early 1990s, there was a CBS imprint label in the US known as CBS Associated Records. Tony Martell, veteran CBS and Epic Records A&R Vice President was head of this label and signed artists including Ozzy Osbourne, the Fabulous Thunderbirds, Electric Light Orchestra, Joan Jett, and Henry Lee Summer. This label was a part of (Epic/Portrait/Associated) wing of sub labels at CBS which shared the same national and regional staff as the rest of Epic Records and was a part of the full CBS Records worldwide distribution system.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: In

text: the

text: to

text: early

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: CBS

text: imprint

text: label

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: known

text: as

text: CBS

text: Associated

text: Records

text: Tony

text: Martell

text: veteran

text: CBS

text: and

text: Epic

text: Records

text: A&R

text: Vice

text: President

text: was

text: head

text: of

text: this

text: label

text: and

text: signed

text: artists

text: including

text: Ozzy

text: Osbourne

text: the

text: Fabulous

text: Thunderbirds

text: Electric

text: Light

text: Orchestra

text: Joan

text: Jett

text: and

text: Henry

text: Lee

text: Summer

text: This

text: label

text: was

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: Epic

text: Portrait

text: Associated

text: wing

text: of

text: sub

text: labels

text: at

text: CBS

text: which

text: shared

text: the

text: same

text: national

text: and

text: regional

text: staff

text: as

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: Epic

text: Records

text: and

text: was

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: full

text: CBS

text: Records

text: worldwide

text: distribution

text: system

question: Name 3 artists that CBS Associated Records signed on in the 80s and 90s?

answer: Ozzy Osbourne, the Fabulous Thunderbirds, Electric Light Orchestra, Joan Jett, and Henry Lee Summer

text: Ozzy Osbourne, the Fabulous Thunderbirds, Electric Light Orchestra, Joan Jett, and Henry Lee Summer


text: GE has a history of some of its activities giving rise to large-scale air and water pollution. Based on year 2000 data, researchers at the Political Economy Research Institute listed the corporation as the fourth-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States, with more than 4.4 million pounds per year (2,000 tons) of toxic chemicals released into the air. GE has also been implicated in the creation of toxic waste. According to EPA documents, only the United States Government, Honeywell, and Chevron Corporation are responsible for producing more Superfund toxic waste sites.

title: General_Electric

title: General_Electric

text: GE

text: has

text: a

text: history

text: of

text: some

text: of

text: its

text: activities

text: giving

text: rise

text: to

text: large

text: scale

text: air

text: and

text: water

text: pollution

text: Based

text: on

text: year

text: data

text: researchers

text: at

text: the

text: Political

text: Economy

text: Research

text: Institute

text: listed

text: the

text: corporation

text: as

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: corporate

text: producer

text: of

text: air

text: pollution

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: pounds

text: per

text: year

text: tons

text: of

text: toxic

text: chemicals

text: released

text: into

text: the

text: air

text: GE

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: implicated

text: in

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: toxic

text: waste

text: According

text: to

text: EPA

text: documents

text: only

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Government

text: Honeywell

text: and

text: Chevron

text: Corporation

text: are

text: responsible

text: for

text: producing

text: more

text: Superfund

text: toxic

text: waste

text: sites

question: Based on year 2000 data, where is GE ranked among the largest corporate producers of air pollution in the US?

answer: fourth-largest

text: fourth-largest

question: How many tons of toxic chemicals does GE release into the atmosphere each year?

answer: 2,000

question: According to which government agency is GE a leading producer of Superfund toxic waste sites?

answer: EPA

text: EPA

question: Which two commercial businesses produce more Superfund toxic waste sites than GE?

answer: Honeywell, and Chevron Corporation

text: Honeywell, and Chevron Corporation

question: Which organization identified GE as the fourth largest corporate producer of air pollution in the US?

answer: Political Economy Research Institute

text: Political Economy Research Institute


text: In 2004, SME and Bertelsmann Music Group merged as Sony BMG Music Entertainment. When Sony acquired BMG's half of the conglomerate in 2008, Sony BMG reverted to the SME name. The buyout led to the dissolution of BMG, which then relaunched as BMG Rights Management. Out of the "Big Three" record companies, with Universal Music Group being the largest and Warner Music Group, SME is middle-sized.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: In

text: SME

text: and

text: Bertelsmann

text: Music

text: Group

text: merged

text: as

text: Sony

text: BMG

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: When

text: Sony

text: acquired

text: BMG

text: 's

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: conglomerate

text: in

text: Sony

text: BMG

text: reverted

text: to

text: the

text: SME

text: name

text: The

text: buyout

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: dissolution

text: of

text: BMG

text: which

text: then

text: relaunched

text: as

text: BMG

text: Rights

text: Management

text: Out

text: of

text: the

text: Big

text: Three

text: record

text: companies

text: with

text: Universal

text: Music

text: Group

text: being

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: Warner

text: Music

text: Group

text: SME

text: is

text: middle

text: sized

question: In what year did SME merge with another company?

answer: 2004

question: What was the name of the other company that SME merged with?

answer: Bertelsmann Music Group

text: Bertelsmann Music Group

question: What did the company call themselves after the  merger?

answer: Sony BMG Music Entertainment

text: Sony BMG Music Entertainment

question: In what year did Sony BMG Music Entertainment go back to being called SME?

answer: 2008


text: Notable documentation of the war was provided by William Howard Russell (writing for The Times newspaper) and the photographs of Roger Fenton.:306–309 News from war correspondents reached all nations involved in the war and kept the public citizenry of those nations better informed of the day-to-day events of the war than had been the case in any other war to that date. The British public was very well informed regarding the day-to-day realities of the war in the Crimea. After the French extended the telegraph to the coast of the Black Sea during the winter of 1854, the news reached London in two days. When the British laid an underwater cable to the Crimean peninsula in April 1855, news reached London in a few hours. The daily news reports energised public opinion, which brought down the Aberdeen government and carried Lord Palmerston into office as prime minister.:304–11

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: Notable

text: documentation

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: was

text: provided

text: by

text: William

text: Howard

text: Russell

text: writing

text: for

text: The

text: Times

text: newspaper

text: and

text: the

text: photographs

text: of

text: Roger

text: News

text: from

text: war

text: correspondents

text: reached

text: all

text: nations

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: and

text: kept

text: the

text: public

text: citizenry

text: of

text: those

text: nations

text: better

text: informed

text: of

text: the

text: day

text: to

text: day

text: events

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: than

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: case

text: in

text: any

text: other

text: war

text: to

text: that

text: date

text: The

text: British

text: public

text: was

text: very

text: well

text: informed

text: regarding

text: the

text: day

text: to

text: day

text: realities

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: in

text: the

text: Crimea

text: After

text: the

text: French

text: extended

text: the

text: telegraph

text: to

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: during

text: the

text: winter

text: of

text: the

text: news

text: reached

text: London

text: in

text: two

text: days

text: When

text: the

text: British

text: laid

text: an

text: underwater

text: cable

text: to

text: the

text: Crimean

text: peninsula

text: in

text: April

text: news

text: reached

text: London

text: in

text: a

text: few

text: hours

text: The

text: daily

text: news

text: reports

text: energised

text: public

text: opinion

text: which

text: brought

text: down

text: the

text: Aberdeen

text: government

text: and

text: carried

text: Lord

text: Palmerston

text: into

text: office

text: as

text: prime

question: Who provided notable documentation of the war?

answer: William Howard Russell

text: William Howard Russell

question: William Howard Russell wrote for what newspaper at the time?

answer: The Times

text: The Times

question: Who's photographs accompanied William Howard Russell documentation?

answer: Roger Fenton

text: Roger Fenton

question: Who extended the telegraph to the coast of the Black Sea?

answer: the French

text: the French

question: After the telegraph was extended to the coast of the Black Sea, how long did it take news of the war to reach London?

answer: two days

text: two days


text: MIT raises funds from non-governmental organizations and individuals who support the mission and objectives of the Institute. Tigray Development Association, its supporters, and REST have provided the initial funds for the launching of the Institute. As a result of the unstinting efforts made by the Provisional Governing Board to obtain technical and financial assistance, the Institute has so far secured financial and material support as well as pledges of sponsorship for 50 students, covering their tuition fees, room and board up to graduation. The MIT has also been able to create linkages with some universities and colleges in the United States of America, which have provided manpower and material support to MIT. The institute is governed by a provisional governing board.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: MIT

text: raises

text: funds

text: from

text: non

text: governmental

text: organizations

text: and

text: individuals

text: who

text: support

text: the

text: mission

text: and

text: objectives

text: of

text: the

text: Institute

text: Tigray

text: Development

text: Association

text: its

text: supporters

text: and

text: REST

text: have

text: provided

text: the

text: initial

text: funds

text: for

text: the

text: launching

text: of

text: the

text: Institute

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: unstinting

text: efforts

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: Provisional

text: Governing

text: Board

text: to

text: obtain

text: technical

text: and

text: financial

text: assistance

text: the

text: Institute

text: has

text: so

text: far

text: secured

text: financial

text: and

text: material

text: support

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: pledges

text: of

text: sponsorship

text: for

text: students

text: covering

text: their

text: tuition

text: fees

text: room

text: and

text: board

text: up

text: to

text: graduation

text: The

text: MIT

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: able

text: to

text: create

text: linkages

text: with

text: some

text: universities

text: and

text: colleges

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: which

text: have

text: provided

text: manpower

text: and

text: material

text: support

text: to

text: MIT

text: The

text: institute

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: a

text: provisional

text: governing

text: board

question: MIT raised money to cover tuition, room and board for what number of students?

answer: 50


text: It is thought that annelids were originally animals with two separate sexes, which released ova and sperm into the water via their nephridia. The fertilized eggs develop into trochophore larvae, which live as plankton. Later they sink to the sea-floor and metamorphose into miniature adults: the part of the trochophore between the apical tuft and the prototroch becomes the prostomium (head); a small area round the trochophore's anus becomes the pygidium (tail-piece); a narrow band immediately in front of that becomes the growth zone that produces new segments; and the rest of the trochophore becomes the peristomium (the segment that contains the mouth).

title: Annelid

title: Annelid

text: It

text: is

text: thought

text: that

text: annelids

text: were

text: originally

text: animals

text: with

text: two

text: separate

text: sexes

text: which

text: released

text: ova

text: and

text: sperm

text: into

text: the

text: water

text: via

text: their

text: nephridia

text: The

text: fertilized

text: eggs

text: develop

text: into

text: trochophore

text: larvae

text: which

text: live

text: as

text: plankton

text: Later

text: they

text: sink

text: to

text: the

text: sea

text: floor

text: and

text: metamorphose

text: into

text: miniature

text: adults

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: trochophore

text: between

text: the

text: apical

text: tuft

text: and

text: the

text: prototroch

text: becomes

text: the

text: prostomium

text: head

text: a

text: small

text: area

text: round

text: the

text: trochophore

text: 's

text: anus

text: becomes

text: the

text: pygidium

text: tail

text: piece

text: a

text: narrow

text: band

text: immediately

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: that

text: becomes

text: the

text: growth

text: zone

text: that

text: produces

text: new

text: segments

text: and

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: trochophore

text: becomes

text: the

text: peristomium

text: the

text: segment

text: that

text: contains

text: the

text: mouth

question: How many sexes of annelids were there originally?

answer: two

text: two

question: What releases sperm from annelids?

answer: nephridia

text: nephridia

question: What do annelid eggs become?

answer: trochophore larvae

text: trochophore larvae

question: What do annelids' larvae live like?

answer: plankton

text: plankton

question: What does the trochophore become when annelids mature?

answer: the prostomium (head)

text: the prostomium (head)


text: Egyptian literature traces its beginnings to ancient Egypt and is some of the earliest known literature. Indeed, the Egyptians were the first culture to develop literature as we know it today, that is, the book. It is an important cultural element in the life of Egypt. Egyptian novelists and poets were among the first to experiment with modern styles of Arabic literature, and the forms they developed have been widely imitated throughout the Middle East. The first modern Egyptian novel Zaynab by Muhammad Husayn Haykal was published in 1913 in the Egyptian vernacular. Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz was the first Arabic-language writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Egyptian women writers include Nawal El Saadawi, well known for her feminist activism, and Alifa Rifaat who also writes about women and tradition.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: Egyptian

text: literature

text: traces

text: its

text: beginnings

text: to

text: ancient

text: Egypt

text: and

text: is

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: known

text: literature

text: Indeed

text: the

text: Egyptians

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: culture

text: to

text: develop

text: literature

text: as

text: we

text: know

text: it

text: today

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: book

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: cultural

text: element

text: in

text: the

text: life

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Egyptian

text: novelists

text: and

text: poets

text: were

text: among

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: experiment

text: with

text: modern

text: styles

text: of

text: Arabic

text: literature

text: and

text: the

text: forms

text: they

text: developed

text: have

text: been

text: widely

text: imitated

text: throughout

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: The

text: first

text: modern

text: Egyptian

text: novel

text: Zaynab

text: by

text: Muhammad

text: Husayn

text: Haykal

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: vernacular

text: Egyptian

text: novelist

text: Naguib

text: Mahfouz

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: Arabic

text: language

text: writer

text: to

text: win

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: in

text: Literature

text: Egyptian

text: women

text: writers

text: include

text: Nawal

text: El

text: Saadawi

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: her

text: feminist

text: activism

text: and

text: Alifa

text: Rifaat

text: who

text: also

text: writes

text: about

text: women

text: and

text: tradition

question: Who was the first to develop literature?

answer: Egyptians

text: Egyptians

question: What syles did writers in Arabic literature experiment with first?

answer: modern styles

text: modern styles

question: What was the first modern Egyptian novel?

answer: Zaynab

text: Zaynab

question: When was Munammad Huayn Haykal's first modern novel published?

answer: 1913


text: More generally, corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government if procedures are disregarded, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. Corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance. Recent evidence suggests that variation in the levels of corruption amongst high-income democracies can vary significantly depending on the level of accountability of decision-makers. Evidence from fragile states also shows that corruption and bribery can adversely impact trust in institutions.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: More

text: generally

text: corruption

text: erodes

text: the

text: institutional

text: capacity

text: of

text: government

text: if

text: procedures

text: are

text: disregarded

text: resources

text: are

text: siphoned

text: off

text: and

text: public

text: offices

text: are

text: bought

text: and

text: sold

text: Corruption

text: undermines

text: the

text: legitimacy

text: of

text: government

text: and

text: such

text: democratic

text: values

text: as

text: trust

text: and

text: tolerance

text: Recent

text: evidence

text: suggests

text: that

text: variation

text: in

text: the

text: levels

text: of

text: corruption

text: amongst

text: high

text: income

text: democracies

text: can

text: vary

text: significantly

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: accountability

text: of

text: decision

text: makers

text: Evidence

text: from

text: fragile

text: states

text: also

text: shows

text: that

text: corruption

text: and

text: bribery

text: can

text: adversely

text: impact

text: trust

text: in

text: institutions

question: What two democratic values are soiled due to corruption?

answer: trust and tolerance

text: trust and tolerance

question: Corruption disintegrates government capacity when public offices are what?

answer: bought and sold

text: bought and sold

question: The level of corruption can vary in richer democracies in regards to the what of those officials making decisions?

answer: accountability

text: accountability


text: Many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have a Christian origin or connotation. Although relations between the Portuguese state and the Roman Catholic Church were generally amiable and stable since the earliest years of the Portuguese nation, their relative power fluctuated. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the church enjoyed both riches and power stemming from its role in the reconquest, its close identification with early Portuguese nationalism and the foundation of the Portuguese educational system, including the first university. The growth of the Portuguese overseas empire made its missionaries important agents of colonization, with important roles in the education and evangelization of people from all the inhabited continents. The growth of liberal and nascent republican movements during the eras leading to the formation of the First Portuguese Republic (1910–26) changed the role and importance of organized religion.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Many

text: Portuguese

text: holidays

text: festivals

text: and

text: traditions

text: have

text: a

text: Christian

text: origin

text: or

text: connotation

text: Although

text: relations

text: between

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: were

text: generally

text: amiable

text: and

text: stable

text: since

text: the

text: earliest

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: nation

text: their

text: relative

text: power

text: fluctuated

text: In

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: the

text: church

text: enjoyed

text: both

text: riches

text: and

text: power

text: stemming

text: from

text: its

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: reconquest

text: its

text: close

text: identification

text: with

text: early

text: Portuguese

text: nationalism

text: and

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: educational

text: system

text: including

text: the

text: first

text: university

text: The

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: overseas

text: empire

text: made

text: its

text: missionaries

text: important

text: agents

text: of

text: colonization

text: with

text: important

text: roles

text: in

text: the

text: education

text: and

text: evangelization

text: of

text: people

text: from

text: all

text: the

text: inhabited

text: continents

text: The

text: growth

text: of

text: liberal

text: and

text: nascent

text: republican

text: movements

text: during

text: the

text: eras

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: Portuguese

text: Republic

text: changed

text: the

text: role

text: and

text: importance

text: of

text: organized

text: religion

question: In what religion do many Portuguese holidays and festivals find their origin?

answer: Christian

text: Christian

question: In what centuries did the Roman Catholic Church play a role in the reconquest?

answer: 13th and 14th

text: 13th and 14th

question: What changed the role and importance of organized religion in Portugal?

answer: formation of the First Portuguese Republic

text: formation of the First Portuguese Republic

question: During what years did the formation of the First Portuguese Republic take place?

answer: 1910–26


text: Chapter XI deals with evidence from biogeography, starting with the observation that differences in flora and fauna from separate regions cannot be explained by environmental differences alone; South America, Africa, and Australia all have regions with similar climates at similar latitudes, but those regions have very different plants and animals. The species found in one area of a continent are more closely allied with species found in other regions of that same continent than to species found on other continents. Darwin noted that barriers to migration played an important role in the differences between the species of different regions. The coastal sea life of the Atlantic and Pacific sides of Central America had almost no species in common even though the Isthmus of Panama was only a few miles wide. His explanation was a combination of migration and descent with modification. He went on to say: "On this principle of inheritance with modification, we can understand how it is that sections of genera, whole genera, and even families are confined to the same areas, as is so commonly and notoriously the case." Darwin explained how a volcanic island formed a few hundred miles from a continent might be colonised by a few species from that continent. These species would become modified over time, but would still be related to species found on the continent, and Darwin observed that this was a common pattern. Darwin discussed ways that species could be dispersed across oceans to colonise islands, many of which he had investigated experimentally.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: Chapter

text: XI

text: deals

text: with

text: evidence

text: from

text: biogeography

text: starting

text: with

text: the

text: observation

text: that

text: differences

text: in

text: flora

text: and

text: fauna

text: from

text: separate

text: regions

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: explained

text: by

text: environmental

text: differences

text: alone

text: South

text: America

text: Africa

text: and

text: Australia

text: all

text: have

text: regions

text: with

text: similar

text: climates

text: at

text: similar

text: latitudes

text: but

text: those

text: regions

text: have

text: very

text: different

text: plants

text: and

text: animals

text: The

text: species

text: found

text: in

text: one

text: area

text: of

text: a

text: continent

text: are

text: more

text: closely

text: allied

text: with

text: species

text: found

text: in

text: other

text: regions

text: of

text: that

text: same

text: continent

text: than

text: to

text: species

text: found

text: on

text: other

text: continents

text: Darwin

text: noted

text: that

text: barriers

text: to

text: migration

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: differences

text: between

text: the

text: species

text: of

text: different

text: regions

text: The

text: coastal

text: sea

text: life

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: and

text: Pacific

text: sides

text: of

text: Central

text: America

text: had

text: almost

text: no

text: species

text: in

text: common

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: Isthmus

text: of

text: Panama

text: was

text: only

text: a

text: few

text: miles

text: wide

text: His

text: explanation

text: was

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: migration

text: and

text: descent

text: with

text: modification

text: He

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: say

text: On

text: this

text: principle

text: of

text: inheritance

text: with

text: modification

text: we

text: can

text: understand

text: how

text: it

text: is

text: that

text: sections

text: of

text: genera

text: whole

text: genera

text: and

text: even

text: families

text: are

text: confined

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: areas

text: as

text: is

text: so

text: commonly

text: and

text: notoriously

text: the

text: case

text: Darwin

text: explained

text: how

text: a

text: volcanic

text: island

text: formed

text: a

text: few

text: hundred

text: miles

text: from

text: a

text: continent

text: might

text: be

text: colonised

text: by

text: a

text: few

text: species

text: from

text: that

text: continent

text: These

text: species

text: would

text: become

text: modified

text: over

text: time

text: but

text: would

text: still

text: be

text: related

text: to

text: species

text: found

text: on

text: the

text: continent

text: and

text: Darwin

text: observed

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: a

text: common

text: pattern

text: Darwin

text: discussed

text: ways

text: that

text: species

text: could

text: be

text: dispersed

text: across

text: oceans

text: to

text: colonise

text: islands

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: he

text: had

text: investigated

text: experimentally

question: Why couldn't differences in flora and fauna be explained by differences in regions alone?

answer: South America, Africa, and Australia all have regions with similar climates at similar latitudes, but those regions have very different plants and animals

text: South America, Africa, and Australia all have regions with similar climates at similar latitudes, but those regions have very different plants and animals

question: What did Darwin consider that could explain why different regions could have such different species when they are close together?

answer: barriers to migration played an important role in the differences between the species of different regions.

text: barriers to migration played an important role in the differences between the species of different regions.

question: What was the combination of effects that Darwin considered the most important in determining the differences in species that evolved separately in similar environments?

answer: His explanation was a combination of migration and descent with modification.

text: His explanation was a combination of migration and descent with modification.


text: De novo or "orphan" genes, whose sequence shows no similarity to existing genes, are extremely rare. Estimates of the number of de novo genes in the human genome range from 18 to 60. Such genes are typically shorter and simpler in structure than most eukaryotic genes, with few if any introns. Two primary sources of orphan protein-coding genes are gene duplication followed by extremely rapid sequence change, such that the original relationship is undetectable by sequence comparisons, and formation through mutation of "cryptic" transcription start sites that introduce a new open reading frame in a region of the genome that did not previously code for a protein.

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: De

text: novo

text: or

text: orphan

text: genes

text: whose

text: sequence

text: shows

text: no

text: similarity

text: to

text: existing

text: genes

text: are

text: extremely

text: rare

text: Estimates

text: of

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: de

text: novo

text: genes

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: genome

text: range

text: from

text: to

text: Such

text: genes

text: are

text: typically

text: shorter

text: and

text: simpler

text: in

text: structure

text: than

text: most

text: eukaryotic

text: genes

text: with

text: few

text: if

text: any

text: introns

text: Two

text: primary

text: sources

text: of

text: orphan

text: protein

text: coding

text: genes

text: are

text: gene

text: duplication

text: followed

text: by

text: extremely

text: rapid

text: sequence

text: change

text: such

text: that

text: the

text: original

text: relationship

text: is

text: undetectable

text: by

text: sequence

text: comparisons

text: and

text: formation

text: through

text: mutation

text: of

text: cryptic

text: transcription

text: start

text: sites

text: that

text: introduce

text: a

text: new

text: open

text: reading

text: frame

text: in

text: a

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: genome

text: that

text: did

text: not

text: previously

text: code

text: for

text: a

text: protein

question: What is a gene whose sequence shows no similarity to existing genes called?

answer: De novo or "orphan" genes

text: De novo or "orphan" genes

question: What is the estimate of the number of orphan genes in the human genome?

answer: 18 to 60

text: 18 to 60

question: How do the lengths of orphan genes compare to most eukaryotic genes?

answer: typically shorter

text: typically shorter

question: How does the structure of orphan genes compare to most eukaryotic genes?

answer: simpler in structure

text: simpler in structure

question: What is one primary source of orphan protein-coding genes?

answer: gene duplication followed by extremely rapid sequence change

text: gene duplication followed by extremely rapid sequence change


text: A number of world-leading education institutions are based in London. In the 2014/15 QS World University Rankings, Imperial College London is ranked joint 2nd in the world (alongside The University of Cambridge), University College London (UCL) is ranked 5th, and King's College London (KCL) is ranked 16th. The London School of Economics has been described as the world's leading social science institution for both teaching and research. The London Business School is considered one of the world's leading business schools and in 2015 its MBA programme was ranked second best in the world by the Financial Times.

title: London

title: London

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: world

text: leading

text: education

text: institutions

text: are

text: based

text: in

text: London

text: In

text: the

text: QS

text: World

text: University

text: Rankings

text: Imperial

text: College

text: London

text: is

text: ranked

text: joint

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: alongside

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Cambridge

text: University

text: College

text: London

text: UCL

text: is

text: ranked

text: and

text: King

text: 's

text: College

text: London

text: KCL

text: is

text: ranked

text: The

text: London

text: School

text: of

text: Economics

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: leading

text: social

text: science

text: institution

text: for

text: both

text: teaching

text: and

text: research

text: The

text: London

text: Business

text: School

text: is

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: leading

text: business

text: schools

text: and

text: in

text: its

text: MBA

text: programme

text: was

text: ranked

text: second

text: best

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: the

text: Financial

text: Times

question: In terms of teaching and research, what is the world's foremost institute of social science?

answer: London School of Economics

text: London School of Economics

question: Where is University College London, or UCL, ranked among the world's best colleges and universities?

answer: 5th

question: The Financial Times rated what school's MBA program 2nd-best in the world in 2015?

answer: The London Business School

text: The London Business School

question: What school in London shares the rank of 2nd best in the world with the famous University of Cambridge in the 2014-2015 World University Rankings?

answer: Imperial College London

text: Imperial College London


text: In general, German bombers were likely to get through to their targets without too much difficulty. It was to be some months before an effective night fighter force would be ready, and anti-aircraft defences only became adequate after the Blitz was over, so ruses were created to lure German bombers away from their targets. Throughout 1940, dummy airfields were prepared, good enough to stand up to skilled observation. A number[clarification needed] of bombs fell on these diversionary ("Starfish") targets.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: In

text: general

text: German

text: bombers

text: were

text: likely

text: to

text: get

text: through

text: to

text: their

text: targets

text: without

text: too

text: much

text: difficulty

text: It

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: some

text: months

text: before

text: an

text: effective

text: night

text: fighter

text: force

text: would

text: be

text: ready

text: and

text: anti

text: aircraft

text: defences

text: only

text: became

text: adequate

text: after

text: the

text: Blitz

text: was

text: over

text: so

text: ruses

text: were

text: created

text: to

text: lure

text: German

text: bombers

text: away

text: from

text: their

text: targets

text: Throughout

text: dummy

text: airfields

text: were

text: prepared

text: good

text: enough

text: to

text: stand

text: up

text: to

text: skilled

text: observation

text: A

text: number[clarification

text: needed

text: of

text: bombs

text: fell

text: on

text: these

text: diversionary

text: Starfish

text: targets

question: Anti-aircraft defenses became better after what?

answer: Blitz was over

text: Blitz was over

question: What did they use to lure German bombers away from their targets?

answer: ruses

text: ruses

question: What kind of airfields were prepared to stand up to skilled observers?

answer: dummy

text: dummy

question: What was the name given to these dummy airfields?

answer: Starfish

text: Starfish


text: When people say that the genome of a sexually reproducing species has been "sequenced", typically they are referring to a determination of the sequences of one set of autosomes and one of each type of sex chromosome, which together represent both of the possible sexes. Even in species that exist in only one sex, what is described as a "genome sequence" may be a composite read from the chromosomes of various individuals. Colloquially, the phrase "genetic makeup" is sometimes used to signify the genome of a particular individual or organism.[citation needed] The study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms is usually referred to as genomics, which distinguishes it from genetics which generally studies the properties of single genes or groups of genes.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: When

text: people

text: say

text: that

text: the

text: genome

text: of

text: a

text: sexually

text: reproducing

text: species

text: has

text: been

text: sequenced

text: typically

text: they

text: are

text: referring

text: to

text: a

text: determination

text: of

text: the

text: sequences

text: of

text: one

text: set

text: of

text: autosomes

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: each

text: type

text: of

text: sex

text: chromosome

text: which

text: together

text: represent

text: both

text: of

text: the

text: possible

text: sexes

text: Even

text: in

text: species

text: that

text: exist

text: in

text: only

text: one

text: sex

text: what

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: a

text: genome

text: sequence

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: composite

text: read

text: from

text: the

text: chromosomes

text: of

text: various

text: individuals

text: Colloquially

text: the

text: phrase

text: genetic

text: makeup

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: to

text: signify

text: the

text: genome

text: of

text: a

text: particular

text: individual

text: or

text: organism.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: properties

text: of

text: genomes

text: of

text: related

text: organisms

text: is

text: usually

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: genomics

text: which

text: distinguishes

text: it

text: from

text: genetics

text: which

text: generally

text: studies

text: the

text: properties

text: of

text: single

text: genes

text: or

text: groups

text: of

text: genes

question: What is the science that deals with the common genetic characteristics of related organisms called?

answer: genomics

text: genomics

question: In contrast to genomics, genetics usually studies what?

answer: single genes or groups of genes

text: single genes or groups of genes

question: What is the catalog of contents of a particular species' genetic makeup?

answer: sequenced

text: sequenced


text: The success of the Counter-Reformation on the Continent and the growth of a Puritan party dedicated to further Protestant reform polarised the Elizabethan Age. The early Puritan movement was a movement for reform in the Church of England. The desire was for the Church of England to resemble more closely the Protestant churches of Europe, especially Geneva. The later Puritan movement, often referred to as dissenters and nonconformists, eventually led to the formation of various Reformed denominations.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: The

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Counter

text: Reformation

text: on

text: the

text: Continent

text: and

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: a

text: Puritan

text: party

text: dedicated

text: to

text: further

text: Protestant

text: reform

text: polarised

text: the

text: Elizabethan

text: Age

text: The

text: early

text: Puritan

text: movement

text: was

text: a

text: movement

text: for

text: reform

text: in

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: The

text: desire

text: was

text: for

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: to

text: resemble

text: more

text: closely

text: the

text: Protestant

text: churches

text: of

text: Europe

text: especially

text: Geneva

text: The

text: later

text: Puritan

text: movement

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: dissenters

text: and

text: nonconformists

text: eventually

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: various

text: Reformed

text: denominations

question: The growth of Puritanism happened during what age?

answer: the Elizabethan Age

text: the Elizabethan Age

question: What did the Puritans want the Church of England to emulate?

answer: the Protestant churches of Europe

text: the Protestant churches of Europe

question: The Puritan movement worked on reforming what church?

answer: the Church of England

text: the Church of England

question: What was another name for the later Puritan movement?

answer: dissenters and nonconformists

text: dissenters and nonconformists

question: What did the later Puritan movement create?

answer: various Reformed denominations

text: various Reformed denominations


text: The production for sulfidic zinc ores produces large amounts of sulfur dioxide and cadmium vapor. Smelter slag and other residues of process also contain significant amounts of heavy metals. About 1.1 million tonnes of metallic zinc and 130 thousand tonnes of lead were mined and smelted in the Belgian towns of La Calamine and Plombières between 1806 and 1882. The dumps of the past mining operations leach significant amounts of zinc and cadmium, and, as a result, the sediments of the Geul River contain significant amounts of heavy metals. About two thousand years ago emissions of zinc from mining and smelting totaled 10 thousand tonnes a year. After increasing 10-fold from 1850, zinc emissions peaked at 3.4 million tonnes per year in the 1980s and declined to 2.7 million tonnes in the 1990s, although a 2005 study of the Arctic troposphere found that the concentrations there did not reflect the decline. Anthropogenic and natural emissions occur at a ratio of 20 to 1.

title: Zinc

title: Zinc

text: The

text: production

text: for

text: sulfidic

text: zinc

text: ores

text: produces

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: sulfur

text: dioxide

text: and

text: cadmium

text: vapor

text: Smelter

text: slag

text: and

text: other

text: residues

text: of

text: process

text: also

text: contain

text: significant

text: amounts

text: of

text: heavy

text: metals

text: About

text: million

text: tonnes

text: of

text: metallic

text: zinc

text: and

text: thousand

text: tonnes

text: of

text: lead

text: were

text: mined

text: and

text: smelted

text: in

text: the

text: Belgian

text: towns

text: of

text: La

text: Calamine

text: and

text: Plombières

text: between

text: and

text: The

text: dumps

text: of

text: the

text: past

text: mining

text: operations

text: leach

text: significant

text: amounts

text: of

text: zinc

text: and

text: cadmium

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: sediments

text: of

text: the

text: Geul

text: River

text: contain

text: significant

text: amounts

text: of

text: heavy

text: metals

text: About

text: two

text: thousand

text: years

text: ago

text: emissions

text: of

text: zinc

text: from

text: mining

text: and

text: smelting

text: totaled

text: thousand

text: tonnes

text: a

text: year

text: After

text: increasing

text: from

text: zinc

text: emissions

text: peaked

text: at

text: million

text: tonnes

text: per

text: year

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: declined

text: to

text: million

text: tonnes

text: in

text: the

text: although

text: a

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: Arctic

text: troposphere

text: found

text: that

text: the

text: concentrations

text: there

text: did

text: not

text: reflect

text: the

text: decline

text: Anthropogenic

text: and

text: natural

text: emissions

text: occur

text: at

text: a

text: ratio

text: of

text: to

question: Large amounts of sulfur dioxide and cadmium vapor are produced due to what?

answer: The production for sulfidic zinc ores

text: The production for sulfidic zinc ores

question: Smelter slag contains a significant amount of what?

answer: heavy metals

text: heavy metals

question: Why does the Geul River contain heavy metals in a significant amount?

answer: mining operations leach significant amounts of zinc and cadmium

text: mining operations leach significant amounts of zinc and cadmium

question: What is the ratio that anthropogenic and natural emissions occur at?

answer: 20 to 1

text: 20 to 1


text: The threat that caused Gordon, diplomat and military officer, to publish the article was resumption of work on a railway from Russia to the Persian Gulf. Gordon, a published author, had not used the term previously, but he was to use it from then on.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: The

text: threat

text: that

text: caused

text: Gordon

text: diplomat

text: and

text: military

text: officer

text: to

text: publish

text: the

text: article

text: was

text: resumption

text: of

text: work

text: on

text: a

text: railway

text: from

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: Gordon

text: a

text: published

text: author

text: had

text: not

text: used

text: the

text: term

text: previously

text: but

text: he

text: was

text: to

text: use

text: it

text: from

text: then

text: on

question: What threat caused Gordon to publish his article?

answer: resumption of work on a railway

text: resumption of work on a railway

question: Who was a diplomat and military officer?

answer: Gordon

text: Gordon

question: Who had not used the term middle east previously in publications?

answer: Gordon

text: Gordon


text: There is no natural source for green food colorings which has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Chlorophyll, the E numbers E140 and E141, is the most common green chemical found in nature, and only allowed in certain medicines and cosmetic materials. Quinoline Yellow (E104) is a commonly used coloring in the United Kingdom but is banned in Australia, Japan, Norway and the United States. Green S (E142) is prohibited in many countries, for it is known to cause hyperactivity, asthma, urticaria, and insomnia.

title: Green

title: Green

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: natural

text: source

text: for

text: green

text: food

text: colorings

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: approved

text: by

text: the

text: US

text: Food

text: and

text: Drug

text: Administration

text: Chlorophyll

text: the

text: E

text: numbers

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: green

text: chemical

text: found

text: in

text: nature

text: and

text: only

text: allowed

text: in

text: certain

text: medicines

text: and

text: cosmetic

text: materials

text: Quinoline

text: Yellow

text: is

text: a

text: commonly

text: used

text: coloring

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: but

text: is

text: banned

text: in

text: Australia

text: Japan

text: Norway

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Green

text: S

text: is

text: prohibited

text: in

text: many

text: countries

text: for

text: it

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: cause

text: hyperactivity

text: asthma

text: urticaria

text: and

text: insomnia

question: Which green food coloring is known to cause hyperactivity, asthma, urticaria, and insomnia?

answer: Green S (E142)

text: Green S (E142)

question: What is a commonly used food coloring in the United Kingdom that is banned in Australia, Japan, Norway, and the United States?

answer: Quinoline Yellow

text: Quinoline Yellow

question: What is the most common green chemical found in nature?

answer: Chlorophyll

text: Chlorophyll


text: Kathmandu is a center for art in Nepal, displaying the work of contemporary artists in the country and also collections of historical artists. Patan in particular is an ancient city noted for its fine arts and crafts. Art in Kathmandu is vibrant, demonstrating a fusion of traditionalism and modern art, derived from a great number of national, Asian, and global influences. Nepali art is commonly divided into two areas: the idealistic traditional painting known as Paubhas in Nepal and perhaps more commonly known as Thangkas in Tibet, closely linked to the country's religious history and on the other hand the contemporary western-style painting, including nature-based compositions or abstract artwork based on Tantric elements and social themes of which painters in Nepal are well noted for. Internationally, the British-based charity, the Kathmandu Contemporary Art Centre is involved with promoting arts in Kathmandu.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: Kathmandu

text: is

text: a

text: center

text: for

text: art

text: in

text: Nepal

text: displaying

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: contemporary

text: artists

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: also

text: collections

text: of

text: historical

text: artists

text: Patan

text: in

text: particular

text: is

text: an

text: ancient

text: city

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: fine

text: arts

text: and

text: crafts

text: Art

text: in

text: Kathmandu

text: is

text: vibrant

text: demonstrating

text: a

text: fusion

text: of

text: traditionalism

text: and

text: modern

text: art

text: derived

text: from

text: a

text: great

text: number

text: of

text: national

text: Asian

text: and

text: global

text: influences

text: Nepali

text: art

text: is

text: commonly

text: divided

text: into

text: two

text: areas

text: the

text: idealistic

text: traditional

text: painting

text: known

text: as

text: Paubhas

text: in

text: Nepal

text: and

text: perhaps

text: more

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Thangkas

text: in

text: Tibet

text: closely

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: religious

text: history

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: the

text: contemporary

text: western

text: style

text: painting

text: including

text: nature

text: based

text: compositions

text: or

text: abstract

text: artwork

text: based

text: on

text: Tantric

text: elements

text: and

text: social

text: themes

text: of

text: which

text: painters

text: in

text: Nepal

text: are

text: well

text: noted

text: for

text: Internationally

text: the

text: British

text: based

text: charity

text: the

text: Kathmandu

text: Contemporary

text: Art

text: Centre

text: is

text: involved

text: with

text: promoting

text: arts

text: in

text: Kathmandu

question: Contemporary Kathmandu art combines traditional influences with what type of art?

answer: modern

text: modern

question: How many types are Nepali works of art typically divided into?

answer: two

text: two

question: What do the Tibetans call traditional idealistic paintings?

answer: Thangkas

text: Thangkas

question: What UK charity works on behalf of Kathmandu art?

answer: Kathmandu Contemporary Art Centre

text: Kathmandu Contemporary Art Centre

question: What do the Nepalese call Thangkas?

answer: Paubhas

text: Paubhas


text: In March 2011, it was said on the Wayback Machine forum that "The Beta of the new Wayback Machine has a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials into 2010, and will continue to be updated regularly. The index driving the classic Wayback Machine only has a little bit of material past 2008, and no further index updates are planned, as it will be phased out this year".

title: Wayback_Machine

title: Wayback_Machine

text: In

text: March

text: it

text: was

text: said

text: on

text: the

text: Wayback

text: Machine

text: forum

text: that

text: The

text: Beta

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: Wayback

text: Machine

text: has

text: a

text: more

text: complete

text: and

text: up

text: to

text: date

text: index

text: of

text: all

text: crawled

text: materials

text: into

text: and

text: will

text: continue

text: to

text: be

text: updated

text: regularly

text: The

text: index

text: driving

text: the

text: classic

text: Wayback

text: Machine

text: only

text: has

text: a

text: little

text: bit

text: of

text: material

text: past

text: and

text: no

text: further

text: index

text: updates

text: are

text: planned

text: as

text: it

text: will

text: be

text: phased

text: out

text: this

text: year

question: When were details of the test version of the updated Wayback Machine released?

answer: March 2011

text: March 2011

question: The older version of Wayback Machine did not have much new data past what year?

answer: 2008

question: The newer version of the Wayback Machine included date up to and including what year?

answer: 2010


text: The Cubs had no official physical mascot prior to Clark, though a man in a 'polar bear' looking outfit, called "The Bear-man" (or Beeman), which was mildly popular with the fans, paraded the stands briefly in the early 1990s. There is no record of whether or not he was just a fan in a costume or employed by the club. Through the 2013 season, there were "Cubbie-bear" mascots outside of Wrigley on game day, but none are employed by the team. They pose for pictures with fans for tips. The most notable of these was "Billy Cub" who worked outside of the stadium until for over 6 years until July 2013, when the club asked him to stop. Billy Cub, who is played by fan John Paul Weier, had unsuccessfully petitioned the team to become the official mascot.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: The

text: Cubs

text: had

text: no

text: official

text: physical

text: mascot

text: prior

text: to

text: Clark

text: though

text: a

text: man

text: in

text: a

text: polar

text: bear

text: looking

text: outfit

text: called

text: The

text: Bear

text: man

text: or

text: Beeman

text: which

text: was

text: mildly

text: popular

text: with

text: the

text: fans

text: paraded

text: the

text: stands

text: briefly

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: record

text: of

text: whether

text: or

text: not

text: he

text: was

text: just

text: a

text: fan

text: in

text: a

text: costume

text: or

text: employed

text: by

text: the

text: club

text: Through

text: the

text: season

text: there

text: were

text: Cubbie

text: bear

text: mascots

text: outside

text: of

text: Wrigley

text: on

text: game

text: day

text: but

text: are

text: employed

text: by

text: the

text: team

text: They

text: pose

text: for

text: pictures

text: with

text: fans

text: for

text: tips

text: The

text: most

text: notable

text: of

text: these

text: was

text: Billy

text: Cub

text: who

text: worked

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: stadium

text: until

text: for

text: over

text: years

text: until

text: July

text: when

text: the

text: club

text: asked

text: him

text: to

text: stop

text: Billy

text: Cub

text: who

text: is

text: played

text: by

text: fan

text: John

text: Paul

text: Weier

text: had

text: unsuccessfully

text: petitioned

text: the

text: team

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: official

text: mascot

question: What did "The Bear-man" wear as an outfit?

answer: 'polar bear' looking outfit

text: 'polar bear' looking outfit

question: During what season were "cubbie-bear" mascots outside of Wrigley on game day?

answer: 2013 season

text: 2013 season

question: Who played Billy Cub?

answer: John Paul Weier

text: John Paul Weier


text: An independent test in 2009 uploaded multiple versions of the same song to YouTube, and concluded that while the system was "surprisingly resilient" in finding copyright violations in the audio tracks of videos, it was not infallible. The use of Content ID to remove material automatically has led to controversy in some cases, as the videos have not been checked by a human for fair use. If a YouTube user disagrees with a decision by Content ID, it is possible to fill in a form disputing the decision. YouTube has cited the effectiveness of Content ID as one of the reasons why the site's rules were modified in December 2010 to allow some users to upload videos of unlimited length.

title: YouTube

title: YouTube

text: An

text: independent

text: test

text: in

text: uploaded

text: multiple

text: versions

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: song

text: to

text: YouTube

text: and

text: concluded

text: that

text: while

text: the

text: system

text: was

text: surprisingly

text: resilient

text: in

text: finding

text: copyright

text: violations

text: in

text: the

text: audio

text: tracks

text: of

text: videos

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: infallible

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: Content

text: ID

text: to

text: remove

text: material

text: automatically

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: controversy

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: as

text: the

text: videos

text: have

text: not

text: been

text: checked

text: by

text: a

text: human

text: for

text: fair

text: use

text: If

text: a

text: YouTube

text: user

text: disagrees

text: with

text: a

text: decision

text: by

text: Content

text: ID

text: it

text: is

text: possible

text: to

text: fill

text: in

text: a

text: form

text: disputing

text: the

text: decision

text: YouTube

text: has

text: cited

text: the

text: effectiveness

text: of

text: Content

text: ID

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: reasons

text: why

text: the

text: site

text: 's

text: rules

text: were

text: modified

text: in

text: December

text: to

text: allow

text: some

text: users

text: to

text: upload

text: videos

text: of

text: unlimited

text: length

question: What was the ultimate view of Content ID's performance after a 2009 test?

answer: surprisingly resilient

text: surprisingly resilient

question: As of 2010 what is the maximum length of a video a user can upload given the proper authority?

answer: unlimited

text: unlimited

question: How does one dispute the ruling of Content ID?

answer: fill in a form

text: fill in a form

question: What happened to the sites rules in Dec. 2010?

answer: were modified

text: were modified


text: The above explanation is merely a simple introduction to vacuum pumping, and is not representative of the entire range of pumps in use. Many variations of the positive displacement pump have been developed, and many other pump designs rely on fundamentally different principles. Momentum transfer pumps, which bear some similarities to dynamic pumps used at higher pressures, can achieve much higher quality vacuums than positive displacement pumps. Entrapment pumps can capture gases in a solid or absorbed state, often with no moving parts, no seals and no vibration. None of these pumps are universal; each type has important performance limitations. They all share a difficulty in pumping low molecular weight gases, especially hydrogen, helium, and neon.

title: Vacuum

title: Vacuum

text: The

text: above

text: explanation

text: is

text: merely

text: a

text: simple

text: introduction

text: to

text: vacuum

text: pumping

text: and

text: is

text: not

text: representative

text: of

text: the

text: entire

text: range

text: of

text: pumps

text: in

text: use

text: Many

text: variations

text: of

text: the

text: positive

text: displacement

text: pump

text: have

text: been

text: developed

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: pump

text: designs

text: rely

text: on

text: fundamentally

text: different

text: principles

text: Momentum

text: transfer

text: pumps

text: which

text: bear

text: some

text: similarities

text: to

text: dynamic

text: pumps

text: used

text: at

text: higher

text: pressures

text: can

text: achieve

text: much

text: higher

text: quality

text: vacuums

text: than

text: positive

text: displacement

text: pumps

text: Entrapment

text: pumps

text: can

text: capture

text: gases

text: in

text: a

text: solid

text: or

text: absorbed

text: state

text: often

text: with

text: no

text: moving

text: parts

text: no

text: seals

text: and

text: no

text: vibration

text: of

text: these

text: pumps

text: are

text: universal

text: each

text: type

text: has

text: important

text: performance

text: limitations

text: They

text: all

text: share

text: a

text: difficulty

text: in

text: pumping

text: low

text: molecular

text: weight

text: gases

text: especially

text: hydrogen

text: helium

text: and

text: neon

question: What pump can capture gases in a solid or absorbed state?

answer: Entrapment pumps

text: Entrapment pumps

question: Entrapment pumps often work without seals, moving parts and what else?

answer: no vibration.

text: no vibration.

question: What pump has a higher quality vacuum than a positive displacement pump?

answer: Momentum transfer pumps

text: Momentum transfer pumps


text: In Asia, various Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates controlled the Asian sphere. In Japan, the Edo period from 1600 to 1868 is also referred to as the early modern period. And in Korea, from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong is referred to as the early modern period. In the Americas, Native Americans had built a large and varied civilization, including the Aztec Empire and alliance, the Inca civilization, the Mayan Empire and cities, and the Chibcha Confederation. In the west, the European kingdoms and movements were in a movement of reformation and expansion. Russia reached the Pacific coast in 1647 and consolidated its control over the Russian Far East in the 19th century.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: In

text: Asia

text: various

text: Chinese

text: dynasties

text: and

text: Japanese

text: shogunates

text: controlled

text: the

text: Asian

text: sphere

text: In

text: Japan

text: the

text: Edo

text: period

text: from

text: to

text: is

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: early

text: modern

text: period

text: And

text: in

text: Korea

text: from

text: the

text: rising

text: of

text: Joseon

text: Dynasty

text: to

text: the

text: enthronement

text: of

text: King

text: Gojong

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: early

text: modern

text: period

text: In

text: the

text: Americas

text: Native

text: Americans

text: had

text: built

text: a

text: large

text: and

text: varied

text: civilization

text: including

text: the

text: Aztec

text: Empire

text: and

text: alliance

text: the

text: Inca

text: civilization

text: the

text: Mayan

text: Empire

text: and

text: cities

text: and

text: the

text: Chibcha

text: Confederation

text: In

text: the

text: west

text: the

text: European

text: kingdoms

text: and

text: movements

text: were

text: in

text: a

text: movement

text: of

text: reformation

text: and

text: expansion

text: Russia

text: reached

text: the

text: Pacific

text: coast

text: in

text: and

text: consolidated

text: its

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: Russian

text: Far

text: East

text: in

text: the

text: century

question: Who controlled the Asian Sphere during the period between 1600-1868?

answer: Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates

text: Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates

question: What is the period between 1600-1868 referred to as?

answer: the Edo period

text: the Edo period

question: What is the Edo period also known as?

answer: the early modern period

text: the early modern period

question: What is time is considered the "Modern Period" in Korea?

answer: from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong

text: from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong

question: Name one of the tribes Native Americans established in the Americas.

answer: Aztec Empire

text: Aztec Empire

question: What two groups controlled the Asian Sphere?

answer: Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates

text: Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates

question: What time is referred to as the Edo period?

answer: 1600 to 1868

text: 1600 to 1868

question: What is the 'Early Modern period" known as in Japan?

answer: the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong

text: the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong

question: Name one of the tribes Native Americans formed in the Americas?

answer: Aztec Empire

text: Aztec Empire


text: A computer does not need to be electronic, nor even have a processor, nor RAM, nor even a hard disk. While popular usage of the word "computer" is synonymous with a personal electronic computer, the modern definition of a computer is literally: "A device that computes, especially a programmable [usually] electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information." Any device which processes information qualifies as a computer, especially if the processing is purposeful.[citation needed]

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: A

text: computer

text: does

text: not

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: electronic

text: nor

text: even

text: have

text: a

text: processor

text: nor

text: RAM

text: nor

text: even

text: a

text: hard

text: disk

text: While

text: popular

text: usage

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: computer

text: is

text: synonymous

text: with

text: a

text: personal

text: electronic

text: computer

text: the

text: modern

text: definition

text: of

text: a

text: computer

text: is

text: literally

text: A

text: device

text: that

text: computes

text: especially

text: a

text: programmable

text: usually

text: electronic

text: machine

text: that

text: performs

text: high

text: speed

text: mathematical

text: or

text: logical

text: operations

text: or

text: that

text: assembles

text: stores

text: correlates

text: or

text: otherwise

text: processes

text: information

text: Any

text: device

text: which

text: processes

text: information

text: qualifies

text: as

text: a

text: computer

text: especially

text: if

text: the

text: processing

text: is

text: purposeful.[citation

text: needed

question: All devices that can process information can qualify being called what?

answer: a computer

text: a computer


text: The Republic of the Congo's sparse population is concentrated in the southwestern portion of the country, leaving the vast areas of tropical jungle in the north virtually uninhabited. Thus, Congo is one of the most urbanized countries in Africa, with 70% of its total population living in a few urban areas, namely in Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire or one of the small cities or villages lining the 534-kilometre (332 mi) railway which connects the two cities. In rural areas, industrial and commercial activity has declined rapidly in recent years, leaving rural economies dependent on the government for support and subsistence.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: 's

text: sparse

text: population

text: is

text: concentrated

text: in

text: the

text: southwestern

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: leaving

text: the

text: vast

text: areas

text: of

text: tropical

text: jungle

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: virtually

text: uninhabited

text: Thus

text: Congo

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: urbanized

text: countries

text: in

text: Africa

text: with

text: of

text: its

text: total

text: population

text: living

text: in

text: a

text: few

text: urban

text: areas

text: namely

text: in

text: Brazzaville

text: Pointe

text: Noire

text: or

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: small

text: cities

text: or

text: villages

text: lining

text: the

text: mi

text: railway

text: which

text: connects

text: the

text: two

text: cities

text: In

text: rural

text: areas

text: industrial

text: and

text: commercial

text: activity

text: has

text: declined

text: rapidly

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: leaving

text: rural

text: economies

text: dependent

text: on

text: the

text: government

text: for

text: support

text: and

text: subsistence

question: In what part of the country can most of the Congo's citizens be found?

answer: southwest

text: southwest

question: How long is the track connecting Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire?

answer: 534-kilometre (332 mi)

text: 534-kilometre (332 mi)


text: The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account of a Polish-Jewish girl in an immigrant family growing up before World War II, and living near Arthur Avenue and Tremont Avenue. In Jacob M. Appel's short story, "The Grand Concourse" (2007), a woman who grew up in the iconic Lewis Morris Building returns to the Morrisania neighborhood with her adult daughter. Similarly, in Avery Corman's book The Old Neighborhood (1980), an upper-middle class white protagonist returns to his birth neighborhood (Fordham Road and the Grand Concourse), and learns that even though the folks are poor, Hispanic and African-American, they are good people.

title: The_Bronx

title: The_Bronx

text: The

text: Bronx

text: has

text: been

text: featured

text: significantly

text: in

text: fiction

text: literature

text: All

text: of

text: the

text: characters

text: in

text: Herman

text: Wouk

text: 's

text: City

text: Boy

text: The

text: Adventures

text: of

text: Herbie

text: Bookbinder

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: and

text: about

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: action

text: is

text: set

text: there

text: Kate

text: Simon

text: 's

text: Bronx

text: Primitive

text: Portraits

text: of

text: a

text: Childhood

text: is

text: directly

text: autobiographical

text: a

text: warm

text: account

text: of

text: a

text: Polish

text: Jewish

text: girl

text: in

text: an

text: immigrant

text: family

text: growing

text: up

text: before

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: and

text: living

text: near

text: Arthur

text: Avenue

text: and

text: Tremont

text: Avenue

text: In

text: Jacob

text: M.

text: Appel

text: 's

text: short

text: story

text: The

text: Grand

text: Concourse

text: a

text: woman

text: who

text: grew

text: up

text: in

text: the

text: iconic

text: Lewis

text: Morris

text: Building

text: returns

text: to

text: the

text: Morrisania

text: neighborhood

text: with

text: her

text: adult

text: daughter

text: Similarly

text: in

text: Avery

text: Corman

text: 's

text: book

text: The

text: Old

text: Neighborhood

text: an

text: upper

text: middle

text: class

text: white

text: protagonist

text: returns

text: to

text: his

text: birth

text: neighborhood

text: Fordham

text: Road

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Concourse

text: and

text: learns

text: that

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: folks

text: are

text: poor

text: Hispanic

text: and

text: African

text: American

text: they

text: are

text: good

text: people

question: When was 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' published?

answer: 1948

question: How much of 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' is set in the Bronx?

answer: about half

text: about half

question: Who wrote 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder'?

answer: Herman Wouk

text: Herman Wouk

question: When was 'The Grand Concourse' published?

answer: 2007

question: Who wrote 'The Grand Concourse'?

answer: Jacob M. Appel

text: Jacob M. Appel


text: The proportion of repetitive DNA is calculated by using length of repetitive DNA divide by genome size. There are two categories of repetitive DNA in genome: tandem repeats and interspersed repeats.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: The

text: proportion

text: of

text: repetitive

text: DNA

text: is

text: calculated

text: by

text: using

text: length

text: of

text: repetitive

text: DNA

text: divide

text: by

text: genome

text: size

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: categories

text: of

text: repetitive

text: DNA

text: in

text: genome

text: tandem

text: repeats

text: and

text: interspersed

text: repeats

question: What are two types of repetitive DNA found in genomes?

answer: tandem repeats and interspersed repeats

text: tandem repeats and interspersed repeats

question: What is found by dividing size of repetitive DNA by length of total genome?

answer: proportion of repetitive DNA

text: proportion of repetitive DNA


text: In June 1837 Chopin visited London incognito in the company of the piano manufacturer Camille Pleyel where he played at a musical soirée at the house of English piano maker James Broadwood. On his return to Paris, his association with Sand began in earnest, and by the end of June 1838 they had become lovers. Sand, who was six years older than the composer, and who had had a series of lovers, wrote at this time: "I must say I was confused and amazed at the effect this little creature had on me ... I have still not recovered from my astonishment, and if I were a proud person I should be feeling humiliated at having been carried away ..." The two spent a miserable winter on Majorca (8 November 1838 to 13 February 1839), where, together with Sand's two children, they had journeyed in the hope of improving the health of Chopin and that of Sand's 15-year-old son Maurice, and also to escape the threats of Sand's former lover Félicien Mallefille. After discovering that the couple were not married, the deeply traditional Catholic people of Majorca became inhospitable, making accommodation difficult to find. This compelled the group to take lodgings in a former Carthusian monastery in Valldemossa, which gave little shelter from the cold winter weather.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: In

text: June

text: Chopin

text: visited

text: London

text: incognito

text: in

text: the

text: company

text: of

text: the

text: piano

text: manufacturer

text: Camille

text: Pleyel

text: where

text: he

text: played

text: at

text: a

text: musical

text: soirée

text: at

text: the

text: house

text: of

text: English

text: piano

text: maker

text: James

text: Broadwood

text: On

text: his

text: return

text: to

text: Paris

text: his

text: association

text: with

text: Sand

text: began

text: in

text: earnest

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: June

text: they

text: had

text: become

text: lovers

text: Sand

text: who

text: was

text: six

text: years

text: older

text: than

text: the

text: composer

text: and

text: who

text: had

text: had

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: lovers

text: wrote

text: at

text: this

text: time

text: I

text: must

text: say

text: I

text: was

text: confused

text: and

text: amazed

text: at

text: the

text: effect

text: this

text: little

text: creature

text: had

text: on

text: me

text: I

text: have

text: still

text: not

text: recovered

text: from

text: my

text: astonishment

text: and

text: if

text: I

text: were

text: a

text: proud

text: person

text: I

text: should

text: be

text: feeling

text: humiliated

text: at

text: having

text: been

text: carried

text: away

text: The

text: two

text: spent

text: a

text: miserable

text: winter

text: on

text: Majorca

text: November

text: to

text: February

text: where

text: together

text: with

text: Sand

text: 's

text: two

text: children

text: they

text: had

text: journeyed

text: in

text: the

text: hope

text: of

text: improving

text: the

text: health

text: of

text: Chopin

text: and

text: that

text: of

text: Sand

text: 's

text: old

text: son

text: Maurice

text: and

text: also

text: to

text: escape

text: the

text: threats

text: of

text: Sand

text: 's

text: former

text: lover

text: Félicien

text: Mallefille

text: After

text: discovering

text: that

text: the

text: couple

text: were

text: not

text: married

text: the

text: deeply

text: traditional

text: Catholic

text: people

text: of

text: Majorca

text: became

text: inhospitable

text: making

text: accommodation

text: difficult

text: to

text: find

text: This

text: compelled

text: the

text: group

text: to

text: take

text: lodgings

text: in

text: a

text: former

text: Carthusian

text: monastery

text: in

text: Valldemossa

text: which

text: gave

text: little

text: shelter

text: from

text: the

text: cold

text: winter

text: weather

question: What city did Frédéric visit in June 1837?

answer: London

text: London

question: What event occurred on Frédéric's return to Paris?

answer: his association with Sand began in earnest

text: his association with Sand began in earnest

question: How many years older was George Sand compared to Frédéric?

answer: six

text: six

question: What adjective is used to describe Frédéric and Sand's time together during the winter of 1838?

answer: miserable

text: miserable

question: Where did Frédéric and Sand venture to after Majorca became unlivable when it was discovered they were not married?

answer: Valldemossa

text: Valldemossa

question: With whom did Chopin go to London with in 1837?

answer: Camille Pleyel

text: Camille Pleyel

question: What was James Broadwood's occupation?

answer: piano maker

text: piano maker

question: How much older was George Sands than Chopin?

answer: six years

text: six years

question: During Sands and Chopin's visit to Majorca who were they fleeing?

answer: Félicien Mallefille

text: Félicien Mallefille

question: After it became known that Sands and Chopin were unmarried where did they end up taking up shelter?

answer: a former Carthusian monastery

text: a former Carthusian monastery

question: When did Chopin and Sand become lovers?

answer: June 1838

text: June 1838

question: Where did Chopin and Sand go between November 1838 and February 1839?

answer: Majorca

text: Majorca

question: Who joined Chopin and Sand on their trip to Majorca?

answer: Sand's two children

text: Sand's two children

question: One of the reasons Chopin and Sand went to Majorca was to escape the threats of who?

answer: Félicien Mallefille.

text: Félicien Mallefille.

question: Where did Chopin and Sand stay in Valldemossa?

answer: a former Carthusian monastery

text: a former Carthusian monastery


text: Since these problems surfaced, Microsoft has attempted to modify the console to improve its reliability. Modifications include a reduction in the number, size, and placement of components, the addition of dabs of epoxy on the corners and edges of the CPU and GPU as glue to prevent movement relative to the board during heat expansion, and a second GPU heatsink to dissipate more heat. With the release of the redesigned Xbox 360 S, the warranty for the newer models does not include the three-year extended coverage for "General Hardware Failures". The newer Xbox 360 S model indicates system overheating when the console's power button begins to flash red, unlike previous models where the first and third quadrant of the ring would light up red around the power button if overheating occurred. The system will then warn the user of imminent system shutdown until the system has cooled, whereas a flashing power button that alternates between green and red is an indication of a "General Hardware Failure" unlike older models where three of the quadrants would light up red.

title: Xbox_360

title: Xbox_360

text: Since

text: these

text: problems

text: surfaced

text: Microsoft

text: has

text: attempted

text: to

text: modify

text: the

text: console

text: to

text: improve

text: its

text: reliability

text: Modifications

text: include

text: a

text: reduction

text: in

text: the

text: number

text: size

text: and

text: placement

text: of

text: components

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: dabs

text: of

text: epoxy

text: on

text: the

text: corners

text: and

text: edges

text: of

text: the

text: CPU

text: and

text: GPU

text: as

text: glue

text: to

text: prevent

text: movement

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: board

text: during

text: heat

text: expansion

text: and

text: a

text: second

text: GPU

text: heatsink

text: to

text: dissipate

text: more

text: heat

text: With

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: the

text: redesigned

text: Xbox

text: S

text: the

text: warranty

text: for

text: the

text: newer

text: models

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: the

text: three

text: year

text: extended

text: coverage

text: for

text: General

text: Hardware

text: Failures

text: The

text: newer

text: Xbox

text: S

text: model

text: indicates

text: system

text: overheating

text: when

text: the

text: console

text: 's

text: power

text: button

text: begins

text: to

text: flash

text: red

text: unlike

text: previous

text: models

text: where

text: the

text: first

text: and

text: third

text: quadrant

text: of

text: the

text: ring

text: would

text: light

text: up

text: red

text: around

text: the

text: power

text: button

text: if

text: overheating

text: occurred

text: The

text: system

text: will

text: then

text: warn

text: the

text: user

text: of

text: imminent

text: system

text: shutdown

text: until

text: the

text: system

text: has

text: cooled

text: whereas

text: a

text: flashing

text: power

text: button

text: that

text: alternates

text: between

text: green

text: and

text: red

text: is

text: an

text: indication

text: of

text: a

text: General

text: Hardware

text: Failure

text: unlike

text: older

text: models

text: where

text: three

text: of

text: the

text: quadrants

text: would

text: light

text: up

text: red

question: How did Microsoft modify the architecture of the 360 to reduce failure rates?

answer: a reduction in the number, size, and placement of components

text: a reduction in the number, size, and placement of components

question: What was the root cause of hardware failures with the 360?

answer: heat

text: heat

question: When the newer 360 S models have their power buttons flash red, it means?

answer: system overheating

text: system overheating

question: How does the 360 S then react to an overheating situation?

answer: imminent system shutdown until the system has cooled

text: imminent system shutdown until the system has cooled

question: How did Microsoft attempt to deal with potential heat-related expansion with GPU and CPU components?

answer: dabs of epoxy on the corners and edges

text: dabs of epoxy on the corners and edges


text: A series of swift Prussian and German victories in eastern France, culminating in the Siege of Metz and the Battle of Sedan, saw the army of the Second Empire decisively defeated (Napoleon III had been captured at Sedan on 2 September). A Government of National Defence declared the Third Republic in Paris on 4 September and continued the war and for another five months, the German forces fought and defeated new French armies in northern France. Following the Siege of Paris, the capital fell on 28 January 1871 and then a revolutionary uprising called the Paris Commune seized power in the capital and held it for two months, until it was bloodily suppressed by the regular French army at the end of May 1871.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: A

text: series

text: of

text: swift

text: Prussian

text: and

text: German

text: victories

text: in

text: eastern

text: France

text: culminating

text: in

text: the

text: Siege

text: of

text: Metz

text: and

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Sedan

text: saw

text: the

text: army

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Empire

text: decisively

text: defeated

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: had

text: been

text: captured

text: at

text: Sedan

text: on

text: September

text: A

text: Government

text: of

text: National

text: Defence

text: declared

text: the

text: Third

text: Republic

text: in

text: Paris

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: continued

text: the

text: war

text: and

text: for

text: another

text: five

text: months

text: the

text: German

text: forces

text: fought

text: and

text: defeated

text: new

text: French

text: armies

text: in

text: northern

text: France

text: Following

text: the

text: Siege

text: of

text: Paris

text: the

text: capital

text: fell

text: on

text: January

text: and

text: then

text: a

text: revolutionary

text: uprising

text: called

text: the

text: Paris

text: Commune

text: seized

text: power

text: in

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: held

text: it

text: for

text: two

text: months

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: bloodily

text: suppressed

text: by

text: the

text: regular

text: French

text: army

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: May

question: A series of Prussian and German victories took place in what part of France?

answer: eastern France

text: eastern France

question: What seige did these victories lead to?

answer: Siege of Metz

text: Siege of Metz

question: What battle was a result of the Prussian and German victories in eastern France?

answer: Battle of Sedan

text: Battle of Sedan

question: Which army definitively defeated Napolean III?

answer: the army of the Second Empire

text: the army of the Second Empire

question: On what date did the Government of National Defence declare the the Third Republic in Paris?

answer: 4 September

text: 4 September