text: The second major event of the early reign of Abd al-Malik was the construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. Although the chronology remains somewhat uncertain, the building seems to have been completed in 692, which means that it was under construction during the conflict with Ibn al-Zubayr. This had led some historians, both medieval and modern, to suggest that the Dome of the Rock was built as a destination for pilgrimage to rival the Kaaba, which was under the control of Ibn al-Zubayr.

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: The

text: second

text: major

text: event

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: reign

text: of

text: Abd

text: al

text: Malik

text: was

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: the

text: Dome

text: of

text: the

text: Rock

text: in

text: Jerusalem

text: Although

text: the

text: chronology

text: remains

text: somewhat

text: uncertain

text: the

text: building

text: seems

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: completed

text: in

text: which

text: means

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: under

text: construction

text: during

text: the

text: conflict

text: with

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Zubayr

text: This

text: had

text: led

text: some

text: historians

text: both

text: medieval

text: and

text: modern

text: to

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: Dome

text: of

text: the

text: Rock

text: was

text: built

text: as

text: a

text: destination

text: for

text: pilgrimage

text: to

text: rival

text: the

text: Kaaba

text: which

text: was

text: under

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Zubayr

question: Where was the Dome of the Rock built?

answer: Jerusalem

text: Jerusalem

question: In what year was the Dome of the Rock finished?

answer: 692

question: During whose reign was the Dome of the Rock constructed?

answer: Abd al-Malik

text: Abd al-Malik


text: Sacrifice to deities of the heavens (di superi, "gods above") was performed in daylight, and under the public gaze. Deities of the upper heavens required white, infertile victims of their own sex: Juno a white heifer (possibly a white cow); Jupiter a white, castrated ox (bos mas) for the annual oath-taking by the consuls. Di superi with strong connections to the earth, such as Mars, Janus, Neptune and various genii – including the Emperor's – were offered fertile victims. After the sacrifice, a banquet was held; in state cults, the images of honoured deities took pride of place on banqueting couches and by means of the sacrificial fire consumed their proper portion (exta, the innards). Rome's officials and priests reclined in order of precedence alongside and ate the meat; lesser citizens may have had to provide their own.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: Sacrifice

text: to

text: deities

text: of

text: the

text: heavens

text: di

text: superi

text: gods

text: above

text: was

text: performed

text: in

text: daylight

text: and

text: under

text: the

text: public

text: gaze

text: Deities

text: of

text: the

text: upper

text: heavens

text: required

text: white

text: infertile

text: victims

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: sex

text: Juno

text: a

text: white

text: heifer

text: possibly

text: a

text: white

text: cow

text: Jupiter

text: a

text: white

text: castrated

text: ox

text: bos

text: mas

text: for

text: the

text: annual

text: oath

text: taking

text: by

text: the

text: consuls

text: Di

text: superi

text: with

text: strong

text: connections

text: to

text: the

text: earth

text: such

text: as

text: Mars

text: Janus

text: Neptune

text: and

text: various

text: genii

text: including

text: the

text: Emperor

text: 's

text: were

text: offered

text: fertile

text: victims

text: After

text: the

text: sacrifice

text: a

text: banquet

text: was

text: held

text: in

text: state

text: cults

text: the

text: images

text: of

text: honoured

text: deities

text: took

text: pride

text: of

text: place

text: on

text: banqueting

text: couches

text: and

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: the

text: sacrificial

text: fire

text: consumed

text: their

text: proper

text: portion

text: exta

text: the

text: innards

text: Rome

text: 's

text: officials

text: and

text: priests

text: reclined

text: in

text: order

text: of

text: precedence

text: alongside

text: and

text: ate

text: the

text: meat

text: lesser

text: citizens

text: may

text: have

text: had

text: to

text: provide

text: their

text: own

question: When did the sacrifices to the deities of the heavens occur?

answer: daylight

text: daylight

question: What color was the sacrifice mandated to be for heaven deities?

answer: white

text: white

question: What event was held after the sacrifice?

answer: banquet

text: banquet

question: What type of sacrifices were offered to gods with earth connections?

answer: fertile

text: fertile

question: Who ate the meat of the sacrifice during the after sacrifice  banquet?

answer: officials and priests

text: officials and priests


text: As a god of archery, Apollo was known as Aphetor (/əˈfiːtər/ ə-FEE-tər; Ἀφήτωρ, Aphētōr, from ἀφίημι, "to let loose") or Aphetorus (/əˈfɛtərəs/ ə-FET-ər-əs; Ἀφητόρος, Aphētoros, of the same origin), Argyrotoxus (/ˌɑːrdʒᵻrəˈtɒksəs/ AR-ji-rə-TOK-səs; Ἀργυρότοξος, Argyrotoxos, literally "with silver bow"), Hecaërgus (/ˌhɛkiˈɜːrɡəs/ HEK-ee-UR-gəs; Ἑκάεργος, Hekaergos, literally "far-shooting"), and Hecebolus (/hᵻˈsɛbələs/ hi-SEB-ə-ləs; Ἑκηβόλος, Hekēbolos, literally "far-shooting"). The Romans referred to Apollo as Articenens (/ɑːrˈtɪsᵻnənz/ ar-TISS-i-nənz; "bow-carrying"). Apollo was called Ismenius (/ɪzˈmiːniəs/ iz-MEE-nee-əs; Ἰσμηνιός, Ismēnios, literally "of Ismenus") after Ismenus, the son of Amphion and Niobe, whom he struck with an arrow.

title: Apollo

title: Apollo

text: As

text: a

text: god

text: of

text: archery

text: Apollo

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Aphetor

text: /əˈfiːtər/

text: ə

text: FEE

text: tər

text: Ἀφήτωρ

text: Aphētōr

text: from

text: ἀφίημι

text: to

text: let

text: loose

text: or

text: Aphetorus

text: /əˈfɛtərəs/

text: ə

text: FET

text: ər

text: əs

text: Ἀφητόρος

text: Aphētoros

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: origin

text: Argyrotoxus

text: /ˌɑːrdʒᵻrəˈtɒksəs/

text: AR

text: ji

text: rə

text: TOK

text: səs

text: Ἀργυρότοξος

text: Argyrotoxos

text: literally

text: with

text: silver

text: bow

text: Hecaërgus

text: /ˌhɛkiˈɜːrɡəs/

text: HEK

text: ee

text: UR

text: gəs

text: Ἑκάεργος

text: Hekaergos

text: literally

text: far

text: shooting

text: and

text: Hecebolus

text: /hᵻˈsɛbələs/

text: hi

text: SEB

text: ə

text: ləs

text: Ἑκηβόλος

text: Hekēbolos

text: literally

text: far

text: shooting

text: The

text: Romans

text: referred

text: to

text: Apollo

text: as

text: Articenens

text: /ɑːrˈtɪsᵻnənz/

text: ar

text: TISS

text: i

text: nənz

text: bow

text: carrying

text: Apollo

text: was

text: called

text: Ismenius

text: /ɪzˈmiːniəs/

text: iz

text: MEE

text: nee

text: əs

text: Ἰσμηνιός

text: Ismēnios

text: literally

text: of

text: Ismenus

text: after

text: Ismenus

text: the

text: son

text: of

text: Amphion

text: and

text: Niobe

text: whom

text: he

text: struck

text: with

text: an

text: arrow

question: As god of archery, Apollo was known by what name?

answer: Aphetor

text: Aphetor

question: What name literally means "far-shooting?"

answer: Hecaërgus

text: Hecaërgus

question: Who was the son of Amphion and Niobe?

answer: Ismenius

text: Ismenius

question: Who struck his parents with an arrow?

answer: Ismenius

text: Ismenius


text: On Thursday, September 19, 1985, at 7:19 am local time, Mexico City was struck by an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 on the Richter scale. Although this earthquake was not as deadly or destructive as many similar events in Asia and other parts of Latin America, it proved to be a disaster politically for the one-party government. The government was paralyzed by its own bureaucracy and corruption, forcing ordinary citizens to create and direct their own rescue efforts and to reconstruct much of the housing that was lost as well.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: On

text: Thursday

text: September

text: at

text: am

text: local

text: time

text: Mexico

text: City

text: was

text: struck

text: by

text: an

text: earthquake

text: of

text: magnitude

text: on

text: the

text: Richter

text: scale

text: Although

text: this

text: earthquake

text: was

text: not

text: as

text: deadly

text: or

text: destructive

text: as

text: many

text: similar

text: events

text: in

text: Asia

text: and

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: Latin

text: America

text: it

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: disaster

text: politically

text: for

text: the

text: one

text: party

text: government

text: The

text: government

text: was

text: paralyzed

text: by

text: its

text: own

text: bureaucracy

text: and

text: corruption

text: forcing

text: ordinary

text: citizens

text: to

text: create

text: and

text: direct

text: their

text: own

text: rescue

text: efforts

text: and

text: to

text: reconstruct

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: housing

text: that

text: was

text: lost

text: as

text: well

question: What day of the week did the major earthquake strike Mexico City?

answer: Thursday

text: Thursday

question: How strong was the powerful earthquake that hit Mexico City in 1985?

answer: 8.1 on the Richter scale

text: 8.1 on the Richter scale

question: What month did the 8.1 earthquake hit Mexico City in 1985?

answer: September

text: September

question: Why did the one-party government struggle after the major earthquake in 1985?

answer: paralyzed by its own bureaucracy and corruption

text: paralyzed by its own bureaucracy and corruption

question: Who led the rescue effort after the earthquake of 1985?

answer: ordinary citizens

text: ordinary citizens


text: The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: The

text: first

text: Archivist

text: R.D.W.

text: Connor

text: began

text: serving

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: was

text: established

text: by

text: Congress

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: a

text: first

text: Hoover

text: Commission

text: recommendation

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: was

text: placed

text: within

text: the

text: newly

text: formed

text: General

text: Services

text: Administration

text: GSA

text: The

text: Archivist

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: subordinate

text: official

text: to

text: the

text: GSA

text: Administrator

text: until

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: and

text: Records

text: Administration

text: became

text: an

text: independent

text: agency

text: on

text: April

question: Who was the first Archivist at the National Archives?

answer: R.D.W. Connor

text: R.D.W. Connor

question: When did the first Archivist start at the National Archives?

answer: 1934

question: What branch of the US government established the National Archives?

answer: Congress

text: Congress

question: What commission merged the National Archives with GSA?

answer: Hoover Commission

text: Hoover Commission

question: The Archivist took on what role after the incorporation of the Nation Archives into GSA?

answer: subordinate official

text: subordinate official


text: The top 50 m (160 ft) of a glacier are rigid because they are under low pressure. This upper section is known as the fracture zone and moves mostly as a single unit over the plastically flowing lower section. When a glacier moves through irregular terrain, cracks called crevasses develop in the fracture zone. Crevasses form due to differences in glacier velocity. If two rigid sections of a glacier move at different speeds and directions, shear forces cause them to break apart, opening a crevasse. Crevasses are seldom more than 46 m (150 ft) deep but in some cases can be 300 m (1,000 ft) or even deeper. Beneath this point, the plasticity of the ice is too great for cracks to form. Intersecting crevasses can create isolated peaks in the ice, called seracs.

title: Glacier

title: Glacier

text: The

text: top

text: m

text: ft

text: of

text: a

text: glacier

text: are

text: rigid

text: because

text: they

text: are

text: under

text: low

text: pressure

text: This

text: upper

text: section

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: fracture

text: zone

text: and

text: moves

text: mostly

text: as

text: a

text: single

text: unit

text: over

text: the

text: plastically

text: flowing

text: lower

text: section

text: When

text: a

text: glacier

text: moves

text: through

text: irregular

text: terrain

text: cracks

text: called

text: crevasses

text: develop

text: in

text: the

text: fracture

text: zone

text: Crevasses

text: form

text: due

text: to

text: differences

text: in

text: glacier

text: velocity

text: If

text: two

text: rigid

text: sections

text: of

text: a

text: glacier

text: move

text: at

text: different

text: speeds

text: and

text: directions

text: shear

text: forces

text: cause

text: them

text: to

text: break

text: apart

text: opening

text: a

text: crevasse

text: Crevasses

text: are

text: seldom

text: more

text: than

text: m

text: ft

text: deep

text: but

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: can

text: be

text: m

text: ft

text: or

text: even

text: deeper

text: Beneath

text: this

text: point

text: the

text: plasticity

text: of

text: the

text: ice

text: is

text: too

text: great

text: for

text: cracks

text: to

text: form

text: Intersecting

text: crevasses

text: can

text: create

text: isolated

text: peaks

text: in

text: the

text: ice

text: called

text: seracs

question: Why are the tops of glaciers rigid?

answer: they are under low pressure

text: they are under low pressure

question: Which zone is the top of the glaciers?

answer: fracture zone

text: fracture zone

question: Why are glacial crevices formed?

answer: differences in glacier velocity

text: differences in glacier velocity

question: What are seracs?

answer: isolated peaks in the ice

text: isolated peaks in the ice

question: Most crevices are no deeper than what measure?

answer: 46 m (150 ft)

text: 46 m (150 ft)


text: In time, some ideas from these experiments and paradigm challenges may be adopted as the norm in education, just as Friedrich Fröbel's approach to early childhood education in 19th-century Germany has been incorporated into contemporary kindergarten classrooms. Other influential writers and thinkers have included the Swiss humanitarian Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi; the American transcendentalists Amos Bronson Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau; the founders of progressive education, John Dewey and Francis Parker; and educational pioneers such as Maria Montessori and Rudolf Steiner, and more recently John Caldwell Holt, Paul Goodman, Frederick Mayer, George Dennison and Ivan Illich.

title: Education

title: Education

text: In

text: time

text: some

text: ideas

text: from

text: these

text: experiments

text: and

text: paradigm

text: challenges

text: may

text: be

text: adopted

text: as

text: the

text: norm

text: in

text: education

text: just

text: as

text: Friedrich

text: Fröbel

text: 's

text: approach

text: to

text: early

text: childhood

text: education

text: in

text: century

text: Germany

text: has

text: been

text: incorporated

text: into

text: contemporary

text: kindergarten

text: classrooms

text: Other

text: influential

text: writers

text: and

text: thinkers

text: have

text: included

text: the

text: Swiss

text: humanitarian

text: Johann

text: Heinrich

text: Pestalozzi

text: the

text: American

text: transcendentalists

text: Amos

text: Bronson

text: Alcott

text: Ralph

text: Waldo

text: Emerson

text: and

text: Henry

text: David

text: Thoreau

text: the

text: founders

text: of

text: progressive

text: education

text: John

text: Dewey

text: and

text: Francis

text: Parker

text: and

text: educational

text: pioneers

text: such

text: as

text: Maria

text: Montessori

text: and

text: Rudolf

text: Steiner

text: and

text: more

text: recently

text: John

text: Caldwell

text: Holt

text: Paul

text: Goodman

text: Frederick

text: Mayer

text: George

text: Dennison

text: and

text: Ivan

text: Illich

question: Whos educatgion approach was introduced in Germany in the 19th century and is used in most Kindergartens?

answer: Friedrich Fröbel's

text: Friedrich Fröbel's

question: Who from Switzerland was an influential in education?

answer: Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi

text: Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi

question: Who were the founders of progressive education?

answer: John Dewey and Francis Parker

text: John Dewey and Francis Parker


text: In some modern day nations and regions in which Sharia law is ostensibly practiced, heresy remains an offense punishable by death. One example is the 1989 fatwa issued by the government of Iran, offering a substantial bounty for anyone who succeeds in the assassination of author Salman Rushdie, whose writings were declared as heretical.

title: Heresy

title: Heresy

text: In

text: some

text: modern

text: day

text: nations

text: and

text: regions

text: in

text: which

text: Sharia

text: law

text: is

text: ostensibly

text: practiced

text: heresy

text: remains

text: an

text: offense

text: punishable

text: by

text: death

text: One

text: example

text: is

text: the

text: fatwa

text: issued

text: by

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: Iran

text: offering

text: a

text: substantial

text: bounty

text: for

text: anyone

text: who

text: succeeds

text: in

text: the

text: assassination

text: of

text: author

text: Salman

text: Rushdie

text: whose

text: writings

text: were

text: declared

text: as

text: heretical

question: What type of law is still in practice in which heresy results in execution?

answer: Sharia law

text: Sharia law

question: What author was declared a heretic and had a bounty placed on his head by the government of Iran?

answer: Salman Rushdie

text: Salman Rushdie


text: Wood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Today a wider variety of woods is used: solid wood doors are often made from poplar, small-knotted pine, and Douglas fir.

title: Wood

title: Wood

text: Wood

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: construction

text: work

text: is

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: lumber

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: Elsewhere

text: lumber

text: usually

text: refers

text: to

text: felled

text: trees

text: and

text: the

text: word

text: for

text: sawn

text: planks

text: ready

text: for

text: use

text: is

text: timber

text: In

text: Medieval

text: Europe

text: oak

text: was

text: the

text: wood

text: of

text: choice

text: for

text: all

text: wood

text: construction

text: including

text: beams

text: walls

text: doors

text: and

text: floors

text: Today

text: a

text: wider

text: variety

text: of

text: woods

text: is

text: used

text: solid

text: wood

text: doors

text: are

text: often

text: made

text: from

text: poplar

text: small

text: knotted

text: pine

text: and

text: Douglas

text: fir

question: What term is used in North America for wood used in construction?

answer: lumber

text: lumber

question: Outside of North America, if someone said "lumber," to what would they be referring?

answer: felled trees

text: felled trees

question: What do people outside of North America call the sawn boards used for building?

answer: timber

text: timber

question: What was the preferred wood for construction in Medieval Europe?

answer: oak

text: oak

question: For modern solid wood doors, what wood is often used in addition to small-knotted pine or poplar?

answer: Douglas fir

text: Douglas fir


text: The role of the gas is to prevent evaporation of the filament, without introducing significant heat losses. For these properties, chemical inertness and high atomic or molecular weight is desirable. The presence of gas molecules knocks the liberated tungsten atoms back to the filament, reducing its evaporation and allowing it to be operated at higher temperature without reducing its life (or, for operating at the same temperature, prolongs the filament life). It however introduces heat losses (and therefore efficiency loss) from the filament, by heat conduction and heat convection.

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

text: The

text: role

text: of

text: the

text: gas

text: is

text: to

text: prevent

text: evaporation

text: of

text: the

text: filament

text: without

text: introducing

text: significant

text: heat

text: losses

text: For

text: these

text: properties

text: chemical

text: inertness

text: and

text: high

text: atomic

text: or

text: molecular

text: weight

text: is

text: desirable

text: The

text: presence

text: of

text: gas

text: molecules

text: knocks

text: the

text: liberated

text: tungsten

text: atoms

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: filament

text: reducing

text: its

text: evaporation

text: and

text: allowing

text: it

text: to

text: be

text: operated

text: at

text: higher

text: temperature

text: without

text: reducing

text: its

text: life

text: or

text: for

text: operating

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: temperature

text: prolongs

text: the

text: filament

text: life

text: It

text: however

text: introduces

text: heat

text: losses

text: and

text: therefore

text: efficiency

text: loss

text: from

text: the

text: filament

text: by

text: heat

text: conduction

text: and

text: heat

text: convection

question: What is a potential problem with the use of gas in a light bulb?

answer: introduces heat losses (and therefore efficiency loss)

text: introduces heat losses (and therefore efficiency loss)

question: What are the ideal chemical properties for the gas in a light bulb?

answer: chemical inertness and high atomic or molecular weight

text: chemical inertness and high atomic or molecular weight

question: What is the purpose of the gas in a light bulb?

answer: to prevent evaporation of the filament, without introducing significant heat losses

text: to prevent evaporation of the filament, without introducing significant heat losses

question: How do gases prevent evaporation of the filament?

answer: The presence of gas molecules knocks the liberated tungsten atoms back to the filament

text: The presence of gas molecules knocks the liberated tungsten atoms back to the filament


text: The Atlantic Ocean has less influence on the climate of the Piedmont region, which has hotter summers and colder winters than in the coast. Daytime highs in the Piedmont often reach over 90 °F (32 °C) in the summer. While it is not common for the temperature to reach over 100 °F (38 °C) in the state, such temperatures, when they occur, typically are found only in the lower-elevation areas of the Piedmont and far-inland areas of the coastal plain. The weaker influence of the Atlantic Ocean also means that temperatures in the Piedmont often fluctuate more widely than in the coast.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: The

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: has

text: less

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: climate

text: of

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: region

text: which

text: has

text: hotter

text: summers

text: and

text: colder

text: winters

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: coast

text: Daytime

text: highs

text: in

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: often

text: reach

text: over

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: While

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: common

text: for

text: the

text: temperature

text: to

text: reach

text: over

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: such

text: temperatures

text: when

text: they

text: occur

text: typically

text: are

text: found

text: only

text: in

text: the

text: lower

text: elevation

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: and

text: far

text: inland

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: coastal

text: plain

text: The

text: weaker

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: also

text: means

text: that

text: temperatures

text: in

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: often

text: fluctuate

text: more

text: widely

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: coast

question: What region of North Carolina has hotter summers and colder winters than the coast?

answer: Piedmont

text: Piedmont

question: In summer, daytime highs often reach what temperature in the Piedmont region?

answer: 90 °F

text: 90 °F

question: Temperatures over 100 degrees will typically be found in what elevation of the Piedmont?

question: What type of influence of the Atlantic Ocean makes the temperatures fluctuate more than on the coast?

answer: weaker

text: weaker


text: The European Central Bank had stepped up the buying of member nations debt. In response to the crisis of 2010, some proposals have surfaced for a collective European bond issue that would allow the central bank to purchase a European version of US Treasury bills. To make European sovereign debt assets more similar to a US Treasury, a collective guarantee of the member states' solvency would be necessary.[b] But the German government has resisted this proposal, and other analyses indicate that "the sickness of the euro" is due to the linkage between sovereign debt and failing national banking systems. If the European central bank were to deal directly with failing banking systems sovereign debt would not look as leveraged relative to national income in the financially weaker member states.

title: European_Central_Bank

title: European_Central_Bank

text: The

text: European

text: Central

text: Bank

text: had

text: stepped

text: up

text: the

text: buying

text: of

text: member

text: nations

text: debt

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: crisis

text: of

text: some

text: proposals

text: have

text: surfaced

text: for

text: a

text: collective

text: European

text: bond

text: issue

text: that

text: would

text: allow

text: the

text: central

text: bank

text: to

text: purchase

text: a

text: European

text: version

text: of

text: US

text: Treasury

text: bills

text: To

text: make

text: European

text: sovereign

text: debt

text: assets

text: more

text: similar

text: to

text: a

text: US

text: Treasury

text: a

text: collective

text: guarantee

text: of

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: solvency

text: would

text: be

text: necessary.[b

text: But

text: the

text: German

text: government

text: has

text: resisted

text: this

text: proposal

text: and

text: other

text: analyses

text: indicate

text: that

text: the

text: sickness

text: of

text: the

text: euro

text: is

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: linkage

text: between

text: sovereign

text: debt

text: and

text: failing

text: national

text: banking

text: systems

text: If

text: the

text: European

text: central

text: bank

text: were

text: to

text: deal

text: directly

text: with

text: failing

text: banking

text: systems

text: sovereign

text: debt

text: would

text: not

text: look

text: as

text: leveraged

text: relative

text: to

text: national

text: income

text: in

text: the

text: financially

text: weaker

text: member

text: states

question: What is being caused by links between soverign debt and failing national banks?

answer: the sickness of the euro

text: the sickness of the euro

question: Which country has been resistant to attempts to make the soverign debt assets more like the U.S. Treasury?

answer: the German government

text: the German government

question: Who began to increase their coverage of weaker debts?

answer: The European Central Bank

text: The European Central Bank

question: What would have to happen to make European sovereign debt assets more like what is found in the U.S. Treasury?

answer: a collective guarantee of the member states' solvency

text: a collective guarantee of the member states' solvency

question: Why did propsals about making the European sovereign debt assets more like the US Treasury?

answer: the crisis of 2010

text: the crisis of 2010


text: The Great Plains lie west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains. A large portion of the country's agricultural products are grown in the Great Plains. Before their general conversion to farmland, the Great Plains were noted for their extensive grasslands, from tallgrass prairie in the eastern plains to shortgrass steppe in the western High Plains. Elevation rises gradually from less than a few hundred feet near the Mississippi River to more than a mile high in the High Plains. The generally low relief of the plains is broken in several places, most notably in the Ozark and Ouachita Mountains, which form the U.S. Interior Highlands, the only major mountainous region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains.

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

text: The

text: Great

text: Plains

text: lie

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: and

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: A

text: large

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: agricultural

text: products

text: are

text: grown

text: in

text: the

text: Great

text: Plains

text: Before

text: their

text: general

text: conversion

text: to

text: farmland

text: the

text: Great

text: Plains

text: were

text: noted

text: for

text: their

text: extensive

text: grasslands

text: from

text: tallgrass

text: prairie

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: plains

text: to

text: shortgrass

text: steppe

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: High

text: Plains

text: Elevation

text: rises

text: gradually

text: from

text: less

text: than

text: a

text: few

text: hundred

text: feet

text: near

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: mile

text: high

text: in

text: the

text: High

text: Plains

text: The

text: generally

text: low

text: relief

text: of

text: the

text: plains

text: is

text: broken

text: in

text: several

text: places

text: most

text: notably

text: in

text: the

text: Ozark

text: and

text: Ouachita

text: Mountains

text: which

text: form

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Interior

text: Highlands

text: the

text: only

text: major

text: mountainous

text: region

text: between

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: and

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

question: What area is located in between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains?

answer: The Great Plains

text: The Great Plains

question: In which area are a large number of the country's agricultural products grown?

answer: the Great Plains

text: the Great Plains

question: How high does elevation rise in the Great Plains?

answer: a mile high

text: a mile high

question: What is the only major mountain ranged located between the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains?

answer: Interior Highlands

text: Interior Highlands


text: The University of Kansas School of Architecture, Design, and Planning (SADP), with its main building being Marvin Hall, traces its architectural roots to the creation of the architectural engineering degree program in KU's School of Engineering in 1912. The Bachelor of Architecture degree was added in 1920. In 1969, the School of Architecture and Urban Design (SAUD) was formed with three programs: architecture, architectural engineering, and urban planning. In 2001 architectural engineering merged with civil and environmental engineering. The design programs from the discontinued School of Fine Arts were merged into the school in 2009 forming the current School of Architecture, Design, and Planning.

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Kansas

text: School

text: of

text: Architecture

text: Design

text: and

text: Planning

text: SADP

text: with

text: its

text: main

text: building

text: being

text: Marvin

text: Hall

text: traces

text: its

text: architectural

text: roots

text: to

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: architectural

text: engineering

text: degree

text: program

text: in

text: KU

text: 's

text: School

text: of

text: Engineering

text: in

text: The

text: Bachelor

text: of

text: Architecture

text: degree

text: was

text: added

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: Architecture

text: and

text: Urban

text: Design

text: SAUD

text: was

text: formed

text: with

text: three

text: programs

text: architecture

text: architectural

text: engineering

text: and

text: urban

text: planning

text: In

text: architectural

text: engineering

text: merged

text: with

text: civil

text: and

text: environmental

text: engineering

text: The

text: design

text: programs

text: from

text: the

text: discontinued

text: School

text: of

text: Fine

text: Arts

text: were

text: merged

text: into

text: the

text: school

text: in

text: forming

text: the

text: current

text: School

text: of

text: Architecture

text: Design

text: and

text: Planning

question: What KU school is abbreviated as SADP?

answer: The University of Kansas School of Architecture, Design, and Planning

text: The University of Kansas School of Architecture, Design, and Planning

question: Where is the SADP housed?

answer: Marvin Hall

text: Marvin Hall

question: What was the name of the school that served as the SADP's precursor?

answer: the School of Architecture and Urban Design

text: the School of Architecture and Urban Design

question: With what two other programs was KU's architectural engineering curriculum joined in 2001?

answer: civil and environmental engineering

text: civil and environmental engineering

question: In what year did the SADP assume its current form?

answer: 2009


text: In 1997, the mammals were comprehensively revised by Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell, which has resulted in the McKenna/Bell classification. Their 1997 book, Classification of Mammals above the Species Level, is the most comprehensive work to date on the systematics, relationships, and occurrences of all mammal taxa, living and extinct, down through the rank of genus, though recent molecular genetic data challenge several of the higher level groupings. The authors worked together as paleontologists at the American Museum of Natural History, New York. McKenna inherited the project from Simpson and, with Bell, constructed a completely updated hierarchical system, covering living and extinct taxa that reflects the historical genealogy of Mammalia.

title: Mammal

title: Mammal

text: In

text: the

text: mammals

text: were

text: comprehensively

text: revised

text: by

text: Malcolm

text: C.

text: McKenna

text: and

text: Susan

text: K.

text: Bell

text: which

text: has

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: McKenna

text: Bell

text: classification

text: Their

text: book

text: Classification

text: of

text: Mammals

text: above

text: the

text: Species

text: Level

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: comprehensive

text: work

text: to

text: date

text: on

text: the

text: systematics

text: relationships

text: and

text: occurrences

text: of

text: all

text: mammal

text: taxa

text: living

text: and

text: extinct

text: down

text: through

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: genus

text: though

text: recent

text: molecular

text: genetic

text: data

text: challenge

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: higher

text: level

text: groupings

text: The

text: authors

text: worked

text: together

text: as

text: paleontologists

text: at

text: the

text: American

text: Museum

text: of

text: Natural

text: History

text: New

text: York

text: McKenna

text: inherited

text: the

text: project

text: from

text: Simpson

text: and

text: with

text: Bell

text: constructed

text: a

text: completely

text: updated

text: hierarchical

text: system

text: covering

text: living

text: and

text: extinct

text: taxa

text: that

text: reflects

text: the

text: historical

text: genealogy

text: of

text: Mammalia

question: In 1997 who revised the classification of mammals?

answer: Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell

text: Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell

question: Where did the two authors work together as paleontologist?

answer: American Museum of Natural History

text: American Museum of Natural History

question: From whom did McKenna inherit the project from?

answer: Simpson

text: Simpson


text: Schools called "technical institute" or "technical school" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and University or Polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated university colleges if they are associated with a local university.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: Schools

text: called

text: technical

text: institute

text: or

text: technical

text: school

text: that

text: were

text: formed

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: provided

text: further

text: education

text: between

text: high

text: school

text: and

text: University

text: or

text: Polytechnic

text: Most

text: technical

text: institutes

text: have

text: been

text: merged

text: into

text: regional

text: colleges

text: and

text: some

text: have

text: been

text: designated

text: university

text: colleges

text: if

text: they

text: are

text: associated

text: with

text: a

text: local

text: university

question: If a technical institute is affiliated with a local university, what does its designation become?

answer: university colleges

text: university colleges

question: What century brought the advent of technical schools or technical institutes?

answer: 20th century

text: 20th century

question: A student would attend a technical institute before a university or polytechnic but after what?

answer: high school

text: high school


text: In some cases this is done in a more extreme manner, not simply to cancel a small amount of residual reactance, but to resonate an antenna whose resonance frequency is quite different from the intended frequency of operation. For instance, a "whip antenna" can be made significantly shorter than 1/4 wavelength long, for practical reasons, and then resonated using a so-called loading coil. This physically large inductor at the base of the antenna has an inductive reactance which is the opposite of the capacitative reactance that such a vertical antenna has at the desired operating frequency. The result is a pure resistance seen at feedpoint of the loading coil; unfortunately that resistance is somewhat lower than would be desired to match commercial coax.[citation needed]

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: this

text: is

text: done

text: in

text: a

text: more

text: extreme

text: manner

text: not

text: simply

text: to

text: cancel

text: a

text: small

text: amount

text: of

text: residual

text: reactance

text: but

text: to

text: resonate

text: an

text: antenna

text: whose

text: resonance

text: frequency

text: is

text: quite

text: different

text: from

text: the

text: intended

text: frequency

text: of

text: operation

text: For

text: instance

text: a

text: whip

text: antenna

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: significantly

text: shorter

text: than

text: wavelength

text: long

text: for

text: practical

text: reasons

text: and

text: then

text: resonated

text: using

text: a

text: so

text: called

text: loading

text: coil

text: This

text: physically

text: large

text: inductor

text: at

text: the

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: antenna

text: has

text: an

text: inductive

text: reactance

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: opposite

text: of

text: the

text: capacitative

text: reactance

text: that

text: such

text: a

text: vertical

text: antenna

text: has

text: at

text: the

text: desired

text: operating

text: frequency

text: The

text: result

text: is

text: a

text: pure

text: resistance

text: seen

text: at

text: feedpoint

text: of

text: the

text: loading

text: coil

text: unfortunately

text: that

text: resistance

text: is

text: somewhat

text: lower

text: than

text: would

text: be

text: desired

text: to

text: match

text: commercial

text: coax.[citation

text: needed

question: What can be shorter than 1/4 wavelength long?

answer: whip antenna

text: whip antenna

question: What is the opposite of inductive reactance?

answer: capacitative reactance

text: capacitative reactance

question: What is at the base of the antenna?

answer: loading coil

text: loading coil

question: Where is the resistance seen on the loading foil?

answer: feedpoint

text: feedpoint


text: A few glaciers have periods of very rapid advancement called surges. These glaciers exhibit normal movement until suddenly they accelerate, then return to their previous state. During these surges, the glacier may reach velocities far greater than normal speed. These surges may be caused by failure of the underlying bedrock, the pooling of meltwater at the base of the glacier — perhaps delivered from a supraglacial lake — or the simple accumulation of mass beyond a critical "tipping point". Temporary rates up to 90 m (300 ft) per day have occurred when increased temperature or overlying pressure caused bottom ice to melt and water to accumulate beneath a glacier.

title: Glacier

title: Glacier

text: A

text: few

text: glaciers

text: have

text: periods

text: of

text: very

text: rapid

text: advancement

text: called

text: surges

text: These

text: glaciers

text: exhibit

text: normal

text: movement

text: until

text: suddenly

text: they

text: accelerate

text: then

text: return

text: to

text: their

text: previous

text: state

text: During

text: these

text: surges

text: the

text: glacier

text: may

text: reach

text: velocities

text: far

text: greater

text: than

text: normal

text: speed

text: These

text: surges

text: may

text: be

text: caused

text: by

text: failure

text: of

text: the

text: underlying

text: bedrock

text: the

text: pooling

text: of

text: meltwater

text: at

text: the

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: glacier

text: perhaps

text: delivered

text: from

text: a

text: supraglacial

text: lake

text: or

text: the

text: simple

text: accumulation

text: of

text: mass

text: beyond

text: a

text: critical

text: tipping

text: point

text: Temporary

text: rates

text: up

text: to

text: m

text: ft

text: per

text: day

text: have

text: occurred

text: when

text: increased

text: temperature

text: or

text: overlying

text: pressure

text: caused

text: bottom

text: ice

text: to

text: melt

text: and

text: water

text: to

text: accumulate

text: beneath

text: a

text: glacier

question: What is a glacial surge?

answer: periods of very rapid advancement

text: periods of very rapid advancement

question: What failure causes surges?

answer: failure of the underlying bedrock

text: failure of the underlying bedrock

question: At what rate have glaciers travelled during surges?

answer: 90 m (300 ft) per day

text: 90 m (300 ft) per day


text: Gratitude for all these resources and the determination to develop oneself would be more productive than criticism and blame because the resources are readily available and because, if you blame others, there is no need for you to do something different tomorrow or for you to change and improve. Where there is a will, there is a way. People in developed countries have the will and the way to do many things that they want to do. They sometimes need more determination and will to improve and to educate themselves with the resources that are abundantly available. They occasionally need more gratitude for the resources they have, including their teachers and their textbooks. The entire internet is also available to supplement these teachers and textbooks.

title: Education

title: Education

text: Gratitude

text: for

text: all

text: these

text: resources

text: and

text: the

text: determination

text: to

text: develop

text: oneself

text: would

text: be

text: more

text: productive

text: than

text: criticism

text: and

text: blame

text: because

text: the

text: resources

text: are

text: readily

text: available

text: and

text: because

text: if

text: you

text: blame

text: others

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: need

text: for

text: you

text: to

text: do

text: something

text: different

text: tomorrow

text: or

text: for

text: you

text: to

text: change

text: and

text: improve

text: Where

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: will

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: way

text: People

text: in

text: developed

text: countries

text: have

text: the

text: will

text: and

text: the

text: way

text: to

text: do

text: many

text: things

text: that

text: they

text: want

text: to

text: do

text: They

text: sometimes

text: need

text: more

text: determination

text: and

text: will

text: to

text: improve

text: and

text: to

text: educate

text: themselves

text: with

text: the

text: resources

text: that

text: are

text: abundantly

text: available

text: They

text: occasionally

text: need

text: more

text: gratitude

text: for

text: the

text: resources

text: they

text: have

text: including

text: their

text: teachers

text: and

text: their

text: textbooks

text: The

text: entire

text: internet

text: is

text: also

text: available

text: to

text: supplement

text: these

text: teachers

text: and

text: textbooks

question: What is one good trait about students from developed countries?

answer: have the will and the way to do many things

text: have the will and the way to do many things

question: What use of technology can greatly supplement how teachers teach in the classroom?

answer: internet

text: internet

question: What do students also need occasionally before putting blame on teachers?

answer: gratitude for the resources they have

text: gratitude for the resources they have


text: Hokkien, especially Taiwanese, is sometimes written in the Latin script using one of several alphabets. Of these the most popular is Pe̍h-ōe-jī (traditional Chinese: 白話字; simplified Chinese: 白话字; pinyin: Báihuàzì). POJ was developed first by Presbyterian missionaries in China and later by the indigenous Presbyterian Church in Taiwan; use of this alphabet has been actively promoted since the late 19th century. The use of a mixed script of Han characters and Latin letters is also seen, though remains uncommon. Other Latin-based alphabets also exist.

title: Hokkien

title: Hokkien

text: Hokkien

text: especially

text: Taiwanese

text: is

text: sometimes

text: written

text: in

text: the

text: Latin

text: script

text: using

text: one

text: of

text: several

text: alphabets

text: Of

text: these

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: is

text: Pe̍h

text: ōe

text: jī

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: 白話字

text: simplified

text: Chinese

text: 白话字

text: pinyin

text: Báihuàzì

text: POJ

text: was

text: developed

text: first

text: by

text: Presbyterian

text: missionaries

text: in

text: China

text: and

text: later

text: by

text: the

text: indigenous

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: in

text: Taiwan

text: use

text: of

text: this

text: alphabet

text: has

text: been

text: actively

text: promoted

text: since

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: a

text: mixed

text: script

text: of

text: Han

text: characters

text: and

text: Latin

text: letters

text: is

text: also

text: seen

text: though

text: remains

text: uncommon

text: Other

text: Latin

text: based

text: alphabets

text: also

text: exist

question: Hokkien is sometimes written in what script?

answer: Latin

text: Latin

question: What is the name of the traditional Chinese alphabet?

answer: Pe̍h-ōe-jī

text: Pe̍h-ōe-jī

question: What is another name for POJ?

answer: Pe̍h-ōe-jī

text: Pe̍h-ōe-jī

question: Who developed POJ?

answer: Presbyterian missionaries in China

text: Presbyterian missionaries in China

question: POJ alphabet has been used since late in what century?

answer: 19th


text: All police officers in the United Kingdom, whatever their actual rank, are 'constables' in terms of their legal position. This means that a newly appointed constable has the same arrest powers as a Chief Constable or Commissioner. However, certain higher ranks have additional powers to authorize certain aspects of police operations, such as a power to authorize a search of a suspect's house (section 18 PACE in England and Wales) by an officer of the rank of Inspector, or the power to authorize a suspect's detention beyond 24 hours by a Superintendent.

title: Police

title: Police

text: All

text: police

text: officers

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: whatever

text: their

text: actual

text: rank

text: are

text: constables

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: their

text: legal

text: position

text: This

text: means

text: that

text: a

text: newly

text: appointed

text: constable

text: has

text: the

text: same

text: arrest

text: powers

text: as

text: a

text: Chief

text: Constable

text: or

text: Commissioner

text: However

text: certain

text: higher

text: ranks

text: have

text: additional

text: powers

text: to

text: authorize

text: certain

text: aspects

text: of

text: police

text: operations

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: power

text: to

text: authorize

text: a

text: search

text: of

text: a

text: suspect

text: 's

text: house

text: section

text: PACE

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: by

text: an

text: officer

text: of

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: Inspector

text: or

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: authorize

text: a

text: suspect

text: 's

text: detention

text: beyond

text: hours

text: by

text: a

text: Superintendent

question: What is the legal status of UK police officers?

answer: constables

text: constables

question: What can only Inspector-ranked UK officers do?

answer: authorize a search of a suspect's house

text: authorize a search of a suspect's house

question: What can only Superintendent-ranked UK officers do?

answer: authorize a suspect's detention beyond 24 hours

text: authorize a suspect's detention beyond 24 hours

question: What powers of a new UK police officer are the same as a Commissioner's?

answer: arrest

text: arrest


text: In 376, the Ostrogoths, fleeing from the Huns, received permission from Emperor Valens (r. 364–378) to settle in the Roman province of Thracia in the Balkans. The settlement did not go smoothly, and when Roman officials mishandled the situation, the Ostrogoths began to raid and plunder.[D] Valens, attempting to put down the disorder, was killed fighting the Ostrogoths at the Battle of Adrianople on 9 August 378. As well as the threat from such tribal confederacies from the north, internal divisions within the empire, especially within the Christian Church, caused problems. In 400, the Visigoths invaded the Western Roman Empire and, although briefly forced back from Italy, in 410 sacked the city of Rome. In 406 the Alans, Vandals, and Suevi crossed into Gaul; over the next three years they spread across Gaul and in 409 crossed the Pyrenees Mountains into modern-day Spain. The Migration Period began, where various people, initially largely Germanic peoples, moved across Europe. The Franks, Alemanni, and the Burgundians all ended up in northern Gaul while the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes settled in Britain. In the 430s the Huns began invading the empire; their king Attila (r. 434–453) led invasions into the Balkans in 442 and 447, Gaul in 451, and Italy in 452. The Hunnic threat remained until Attila's death in 453, when the Hunnic confederation he led fell apart. These invasions by the tribes completely changed the political and demographic nature of what had been the Western Roman Empire.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: In

text: the

text: Ostrogoths

text: fleeing

text: from

text: the

text: Huns

text: received

text: permission

text: from

text: Emperor

text: Valens

text: r.

text: to

text: settle

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: province

text: of

text: Thracia

text: in

text: the

text: Balkans

text: The

text: settlement

text: did

text: not

text: go

text: smoothly

text: and

text: when

text: Roman

text: officials

text: mishandled

text: the

text: situation

text: the

text: Ostrogoths

text: began

text: to

text: raid

text: and

text: plunder.[D

text: Valens

text: attempting

text: to

text: put

text: down

text: the

text: disorder

text: was

text: killed

text: fighting

text: the

text: Ostrogoths

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Adrianople

text: on

text: August

text: As

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: threat

text: from

text: such

text: tribal

text: confederacies

text: from

text: the

text: north

text: internal

text: divisions

text: within

text: the

text: empire

text: especially

text: within

text: the

text: Christian

text: Church

text: caused

text: problems

text: In

text: the

text: Visigoths

text: invaded

text: the

text: Western

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: and

text: although

text: briefly

text: forced

text: back

text: from

text: Italy

text: in

text: sacked

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Rome

text: In

text: the

text: Alans

text: Vandals

text: and

text: Suevi

text: crossed

text: into

text: Gaul

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: three

text: years

text: they

text: spread

text: across

text: Gaul

text: and

text: in

text: crossed

text: the

text: Pyrenees

text: Mountains

text: into

text: modern

text: day

text: Spain

text: The

text: Migration

text: Period

text: began

text: where

text: various

text: people

text: initially

text: largely

text: Germanic

text: peoples

text: moved

text: across

text: Europe

text: The

text: Franks

text: Alemanni

text: and

text: the

text: Burgundians

text: all

text: ended

text: up

text: in

text: northern

text: Gaul

text: while

text: the

text: Angles

text: Saxons

text: and

text: Jutes

text: settled

text: in

text: Britain

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: Huns

text: began

text: invading

text: the

text: empire

text: their

text: king

text: Attila

text: r.

text: led

text: invasions

text: into

text: the

text: Balkans

text: in

text: and

text: Gaul

text: in

text: and

text: Italy

text: in

text: The

text: Hunnic

text: threat

text: remained

text: until

text: Attila

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: Hunnic

text: confederation

text: he

text: led

text: fell

text: apart

text: These

text: invasions

text: by

text: the

text: tribes

text: completely

text: changed

text: the

text: political

text: and

text: demographic

text: nature

text: of

text: what

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: Western

text: Roman

text: Empire

question: In what year did the Ostrogoths settle in the Roman Empire?

answer: 376

question: Who invited the Ostrogoths to settle in the Roman Empire?

answer: Valens

text: Valens

question: In what province did the Ostrogoths settle?

answer: Thracia

text: Thracia

question: At what battle was the Emperor Valens killed?

answer: the Battle of Adrianople

text: the Battle of Adrianople

question: When did the Battle of Adrianople occur?

answer: 9 August 378

text: 9 August 378


text: The Paris region hosts France's highest concentration of the grandes écoles – 55 specialised centres of higher-education outside the public university structure. The prestigious public universities are usually considered grands établissements. Most of the grandes écoles were relocated to the suburbs of Paris in the 1960s and 1970s, in new campuses much larger than the old campuses within the crowded city of Paris, though the École Normale Supérieure has remained on rue d'Ulm in the 5th arrondissement. There are a high number of engineering schools, led by the Paris Institute of Technology which comprises several colleges such as École Polytechnique, École des Mines, AgroParisTech, Télécom Paris, Arts et Métiers, and École des Ponts et Chaussées. There are also many business schools, including HEC, INSEAD, ESSEC, and ESCP Europe. The administrative school such as ENA has been relocated to Strasbourg, the political science school Sciences-Po is still located in Paris' 7th arrondissement and the most prestigious university of economics and finance, Paris-Dauphine, is located in Paris' 16th. The Parisian school of journalism CELSA department of the Paris-Sorbonne University is located in Neuilly-sur-Seine. Paris is also home to several of France's most famous high-schools such as Lycée Louis-le-Grand, Lycée Henri-IV, Lycée Janson de Sailly and Lycée Condorcet. The National Institute of Sport and Physical Education, located in the 12th arrondissement, is both a physical education institute and high-level training centre for elite athletes.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: The

text: Paris

text: region

text: hosts

text: France

text: 's

text: highest

text: concentration

text: of

text: the

text: grandes

text: écoles

text: specialised

text: centres

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: outside

text: the

text: public

text: university

text: structure

text: The

text: prestigious

text: public

text: universities

text: are

text: usually

text: considered

text: grands

text: établissements

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: grandes

text: écoles

text: were

text: relocated

text: to

text: the

text: suburbs

text: of

text: Paris

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: in

text: new

text: campuses

text: much

text: larger

text: than

text: the

text: old

text: campuses

text: within

text: the

text: crowded

text: city

text: of

text: Paris

text: though

text: the

text: École

text: Normale

text: Supérieure

text: has

text: remained

text: on

text: rue

text: d'Ulm

text: in

text: the

text: arrondissement

text: There

text: are

text: a

text: high

text: number

text: of

text: engineering

text: schools

text: led

text: by

text: the

text: Paris

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: which

text: comprises

text: several

text: colleges

text: such

text: as

text: École

text: Polytechnique

text: École

text: des

text: Mines

text: AgroParisTech

text: Télécom

text: Paris

text: Arts

text: et

text: Métiers

text: and

text: École

text: des

text: Ponts

text: et

text: Chaussées

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: many

text: business

text: schools

text: including

text: HEC

text: INSEAD

text: ESSEC

text: and

text: ESCP

text: Europe

text: The

text: administrative

text: school

text: such

text: as

text: ENA

text: has

text: been

text: relocated

text: to

text: Strasbourg

text: the

text: political

text: science

text: school

text: Sciences

text: Po

text: is

text: still

text: located

text: in

text: Paris

text: arrondissement

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: prestigious

text: university

text: of

text: economics

text: and

text: finance

text: Paris

text: Dauphine

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Paris

text: The

text: Parisian

text: school

text: of

text: journalism

text: CELSA

text: department

text: of

text: the

text: Paris

text: Sorbonne

text: University

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Neuilly

text: sur

text: Seine

text: Paris

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: several

text: of

text: France

text: 's

text: most

text: famous

text: high

text: schools

text: such

text: as

text: Lycée

text: Louis

text: le

text: Grand

text: Lycée

text: Henri

text: IV

text: Lycée

text: Janson

text: de

text: Sailly

text: and

text: Lycée

text: Condorcet

text: The

text: National

text: Institute

text: of

text: Sport

text: and

text: Physical

text: Education

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: arrondissement

text: is

text: both

text: a

text: physical

text: education

text: institute

text: and

text: high

text: level

text: training

text: centre

text: for

text: elite

text: athletes

question: How many centres of higher education are in Paris?

answer: 55

question: During which time frame were most grandes ecoles relocated?

answer: 1960s and 1970s

text: 1960s and 1970s

question: Where is ENA located?

answer: Strasbourg,

text: Strasbourg,

question: Where is CESLA located?

answer: Neuilly-sur-Seine

text: Neuilly-sur-Seine


text: Web-based human translation is generally favored by companies and individuals that wish to secure more accurate translations. In view of the frequent inaccuracy of machine translations, human translation remains the most reliable, most accurate form of translation available. With the recent emergence of translation crowdsourcing, translation-memory techniques, and internet applications, translation agencies have been able to provide on-demand human-translation services to businesses, individuals, and enterprises.

title: Translation

title: Translation

text: Web

text: based

text: human

text: translation

text: is

text: generally

text: favored

text: by

text: companies

text: and

text: individuals

text: that

text: wish

text: to

text: secure

text: more

text: accurate

text: translations

text: In

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: frequent

text: inaccuracy

text: of

text: machine

text: translations

text: human

text: translation

text: remains

text: the

text: most

text: reliable

text: most

text: accurate

text: form

text: of

text: translation

text: available

text: With

text: the

text: recent

text: emergence

text: of

text: translation

text: crowdsourcing

text: translation

text: memory

text: techniques

text: and

text: internet

text: applications

text: translation

text: agencies

text: have

text: been

text: able

text: to

text: provide

text: on

text: demand

text: human

text: translation

text: services

text: to

text: businesses

text: individuals

text: and

text: enterprises

question: What type of translation is favored by those wanting more accurate translations?

answer: Web-based human translation

text: Web-based human translation

question: What reputation does machine translations have?

answer: frequent inaccuracy

text: frequent inaccuracy

question: What type of translation is still the most accurate and reliable?

answer: human

text: human

question: Because of crowdsourcing, what type of translation are agencies able to provide?

answer: on-demand human-translation services

text: on-demand human-translation services

question: Who purchases the services of translation agencies?

answer: businesses, individuals, and enterprises

text: businesses, individuals, and enterprises


text: Armenia is also a member of the Council of Europe, maintaining friendly relations with the European Union, especially with its member states such as France and Greece. A 2005 survey reported that 64% of Armenia's population would be in favor of joining the EU. Several Armenian officials have also expressed the desire for their country to eventually become an EU member state, some[who?] predicting that it will make an official bid for membership in a few years.[citation needed] In 2004 its forces joined KFOR, a NATO-led international force in Kosovo. It is also an observer member of the Eurasian Economic Community and the Non-Aligned Movement.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Armenia

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Europe

text: maintaining

text: friendly

text: relations

text: with

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: especially

text: with

text: its

text: member

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: France

text: and

text: Greece

text: A

text: survey

text: reported

text: that

text: of

text: Armenia

text: 's

text: population

text: would

text: be

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: joining

text: the

text: EU

text: Several

text: Armenian

text: officials

text: have

text: also

text: expressed

text: the

text: desire

text: for

text: their

text: country

text: to

text: eventually

text: become

text: an

text: EU

text: member

text: state

text: some[who

text: predicting

text: that

text: it

text: will

text: make

text: an

text: official

text: bid

text: for

text: membership

text: in

text: a

text: few

text: years.[citation

text: needed

text: In

text: its

text: forces

text: joined

text: KFOR

text: a

text: NATO

text: led

text: international

text: force

text: in

text: Kosovo

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: an

text: observer

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Eurasian

text: Economic

text: Community

text: and

text: the

text: Non

text: Aligned

text: Movement

question: How many of Armenias inhabitants approve of becoming part of the EU?

answer: 64%

question: What is KFOR?

answer: a NATO-led international force in Kosovo

text: a NATO-led international force in Kosovo

question: What are some states join Armenia in the Council of Europe?

answer: France and Greece

text: France and Greece

question: When can the EU expect Armenia to attempt to join it?

answer: in a few years

text: in a few years


text: The campaigns of French Emperor and General Napoleon Bonaparte characterized the Napoleonic Era. Born on Corsica as the French invaded, and dying suspiciously on the tiny British Island of St. Helena, this brilliant commander, controlled a French Empire that, at its height, ruled a large portion of Europe directly from Paris, while many of his friends and family ruled countries such as Spain, Poland, several parts of Italy and many other Kingdoms Republics and dependencies. The Napoleonic Era changed the face of Europe forever, and old Empires and Kingdoms fell apart as a result of the mighty and "Glorious" surge of Republicanism.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: The

text: campaigns

text: of

text: French

text: Emperor

text: and

text: General

text: Napoleon

text: Bonaparte

text: characterized

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Era

text: Born

text: on

text: Corsica

text: as

text: the

text: French

text: invaded

text: and

text: dying

text: suspiciously

text: on

text: the

text: tiny

text: British

text: Island

text: of

text: St.

text: Helena

text: this

text: brilliant

text: commander

text: controlled

text: a

text: French

text: Empire

text: that

text: at

text: its

text: height

text: ruled

text: a

text: large

text: portion

text: of

text: Europe

text: directly

text: from

text: Paris

text: while

text: many

text: of

text: his

text: friends

text: and

text: family

text: ruled

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Spain

text: Poland

text: several

text: parts

text: of

text: Italy

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: Kingdoms

text: Republics

text: and

text: dependencies

text: The

text: Napoleonic

text: Era

text: changed

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: Europe

text: forever

text: and

text: old

text: Empires

text: and

text: Kingdoms

text: fell

text: apart

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: mighty

text: and

text: Glorious

text: surge

text: of

text: Republicanism

question: What characterized the Napoleonic Era?

answer: The campaigns of French Emperor and General Napoleon Bonaparte

text: The campaigns of French Emperor and General Napoleon Bonaparte

question: Where was Napoleon Bonaparte born?

answer: Corsica

text: Corsica

question: Where was Napoleon Bonaparte die?

answer: St. Helena

text: St. Helena

question: Why were Europe's Empires and Kingdoms dispatched?

answer: surge of Republicanism

text: surge of Republicanism

question: From where did the French empire rule a large portion of Europe?

answer: Paris

text: Paris


text: Capacitors are connected in parallel with the power circuits of most electronic devices and larger systems (such as factories) to shunt away and conceal current fluctuations from the primary power source to provide a "clean" power supply for signal or control circuits. Audio equipment, for example, uses several capacitors in this way, to shunt away power line hum before it gets into the signal circuitry. The capacitors act as a local reserve for the DC power source, and bypass AC currents from the power supply. This is used in car audio applications, when a stiffening capacitor compensates for the inductance and resistance of the leads to the lead-acid car battery.

title: Capacitor

title: Capacitor

text: Capacitors

text: are

text: connected

text: in

text: parallel

text: with

text: the

text: power

text: circuits

text: of

text: most

text: electronic

text: devices

text: and

text: larger

text: systems

text: such

text: as

text: factories

text: to

text: shunt

text: away

text: and

text: conceal

text: current

text: fluctuations

text: from

text: the

text: primary

text: power

text: source

text: to

text: provide

text: a

text: clean

text: power

text: supply

text: for

text: signal

text: or

text: control

text: circuits

text: Audio

text: equipment

text: for

text: example

text: uses

text: several

text: capacitors

text: in

text: this

text: way

text: to

text: shunt

text: away

text: power

text: line

text: hum

text: before

text: it

text: gets

text: into

text: the

text: signal

text: circuitry

text: The

text: capacitors

text: act

text: as

text: a

text: local

text: reserve

text: for

text: the

text: DC

text: power

text: source

text: and

text: bypass

text: AC

text: currents

text: from

text: the

text: power

text: supply

text: This

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: car

text: audio

text: applications

text: when

text: a

text: stiffening

text: capacitor

text: compensates

text: for

text: the

text: inductance

text: and

text: resistance

text: of

text: the

text: leads

text: to

text: the

text: lead

text: acid

text: car

text: battery

question: Why are capacitors connected in parallel with the power circuits of many devices and large systems?

answer: to provide a "clean" power supply for signal or control circuits

text: to provide a "clean" power supply for signal or control circuits

question: How do the capacitors connected in parallel act with currents from the power supply?

answer: as a local reserve for the DC power source

text: as a local reserve for the DC power source

question: What is one value a stiffening capacitor accounts for when used in for car audio purposes?

answer: the inductance

text: the inductance

question: What is another value a stiffening capacitor accounts for when used in for car audio purposes?

answer: resistance

text: resistance

question: What do parallel capacitors do to fluctuating current in order to deliver "clean" power for control circuits?

answer: conceal current fluctuations

text: conceal current fluctuations


text: The term Hokkien (福建; hɔk˥˥kɪɛn˨˩) is itself a term not used in Chinese to refer to the dialect, as it simply means Fujian province. In Chinese linguistics, these dialects are known by their classification under the Quanzhang Division (Chinese: 泉漳片; pinyin: Quánzhāng piàn) of Min Nan, which comes from the first characters of the two main Hokkien urban centers Quanzhou and Zhangzhou. The variety is also known by other terms such as the more general Min Nan (traditional Chinese: 閩南語, 閩南話; simplified Chinese: 闽南语, 闽南话; pinyin: Mǐnnányǔ, Mǐnnánhuà; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bân-lâm-gí,Bân-lâm-oē) or Southern Min, and Fulaohua (traditional Chinese: 福佬話; simplified Chinese: 福佬话; pinyin: Fúlǎohuà; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hō-ló-oē). The term Hokkien (Chinese: 福建話; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok-kiàn oē;Tâi-lô:Hok-kiàn-uē), on the other hand, is used commonly in South East Asia to refer to Min-nan dialects.

title: Hokkien

title: Hokkien

text: The

text: term

text: Hokkien

text: 福建

text: hɔk˥˥kɪɛn˨˩

text: is

text: itself

text: a

text: term

text: not

text: used

text: in

text: Chinese

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: dialect

text: as

text: it

text: simply

text: means

text: Fujian

text: province

text: In

text: Chinese

text: linguistics

text: these

text: dialects

text: are

text: known

text: by

text: their

text: classification

text: under

text: the

text: Quanzhang

text: Division

text: Chinese

text: 泉漳片

text: pinyin

text: Quánzhāng

text: piàn

text: of

text: Min

text: which

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: first

text: characters

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: main

text: Hokkien

text: urban

text: centers

text: Quanzhou

text: and

text: Zhangzhou

text: The

text: variety

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: other

text: terms

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: more

text: general

text: Min

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: 閩南語

text: 閩南話

text: simplified

text: Chinese

text: 闽南语

text: 闽南话

text: pinyin

text: Mǐnnányǔ

text: Mǐnnánhuà

text: Pe̍h

text: ōe

text: jī

text: Bân

text: lâm

text: gí

text: Bân

text: lâm

text: oē

text: or

text: Southern

text: Min

text: and

text: Fulaohua

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: 福佬話

text: simplified

text: Chinese

text: 福佬话

text: pinyin

text: Fúlǎohuà

text: Pe̍h

text: ōe

text: jī

text: Hō

text: ló

text: oē

text: The

text: term

text: Hokkien

text: Chinese

text: 福建話

text: Pe̍h

text: ōe

text: jī

text: hok

text: kiàn

text: oē;Tâi

text: lô

text: Hok

text: kiàn

text: uē

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: is

text: used

text: commonly

text: in

text: South

text: East

text: Asia

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: Min

text: dialects

question: What at the main Hokkioen urban centers?

answer: Quanzhou and Zhangzhou.

text: Quanzhou and Zhangzhou.

question: What dialects does Hokkien refer to?

answer: Min-nan dialects.

text: Min-nan dialects.

question: Where is the term Hokkien mainly used?

answer: South East Asia

text: South East Asia

question: What does Hokkien mean?

answer: Fujian province

text: Fujian province

question: What division of dialects does Hokkien belong to?

answer: Quanzhang Division (Chinese: 泉漳片; pinyin: Quánzhāng piàn) of Min Nan

text: Quanzhang Division (Chinese: 泉漳片; pinyin: Quánzhāng piàn) of Min Nan

question: In South East Asia, what term is commonly used to refer to Min-nan dialects?

answer: Hokkien

text: Hokkien

question: Where are quanzhou and Zhangzhou located?

answer: Hokkien

text: Hokkien


text:
Valencia is a bilingual city: Valencian and Spanish are the two official languages. Spanish is official in all of Spain, whereas Valencian is official in the Valencian Country, as well as in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands, where it receives the name of Catalan. Despite the differentiated denomination, the distinct dialectal traits and political tension between Catalonia and the Valencian Country, Catalan and Valencian are mutually intelligible and are considered two varieties of the same language.
Valencian has been historically repressed in favour of Spanish. The effects have been more noticeable in the city proper, whereas the language has remained active in the rural and metropolitan areas. After the Castille-Aragon unification, a Spanish-speaking elite established itself in the city. In more recent history, the establishment of Franco's military and administrative apparatus in Valencia further excluded Valencian from public life. Valencian recovered its official status, prestige and use in education after the transition to democracy in 1978. However, due to industrialisation in recent decades, Valencia has attracted immigration from other regions in Spain, and hence there is also a demographic factor for its declining social use. Due to a combination of these reasons, Valencia has become the bastion of anti-Catalan blaverism, which celebrates Valencian as merely folkloric, but rejects the existing standard which was adapted from Catalan orthography.
Spanish is currently the predominant language in the city proper but, thanks to the education system, most Valencians have basic knowledge of both Spanish and Valencian, and either can be used in the city. Valencia is therefore the second biggest Catalan-speaking city after Barcelona. Institutional buildings and streets are named in Valencian. The city is also home to many pro-Valencian political and civil organisations. Furthermore, education entirely in Valencian is offered in more than 70 state-owned schools in the city, as well as by the University of Valencia across all disciplines.

title: Valencia

title: Valencia

text: Valencia

text: is

text: a

text: bilingual

text: city

text: Valencian

text: and

text: Spanish

text: are

text: the

text: two

text: official

text: languages

text: Spanish

text: is

text: official

text: in

text: all

text: of

text: Spain

text: whereas

text: Valencian

text: is

text: official

text: in

text: the

text: Valencian

text: Country

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: Catalonia

text: and

text: the

text: Balearic

text: Islands

text: where

text: it

text: receives

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Catalan

text: Despite

text: the

text: differentiated

text: denomination

text: the

text: distinct

text: dialectal

text: traits

text: and

text: political

text: tension

text: between

text: Catalonia

text: and

text: the

text: Valencian

text: Country

text: Catalan

text: and

text: Valencian

text: are

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: and

text: are

text: considered

text: two

text: varieties

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: language

text: Valencian

text: has

text: been

text: historically

text: repressed

text: in

text: favour

text: of

text: Spanish

text: The

text: effects

text: have

text: been

text: more

text: noticeable

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: proper

text: whereas

text: the

text: language

text: has

text: remained

text: active

text: in

text: the

text: rural

text: and

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: After

text: the

text: Castille

text: Aragon

text: unification

text: a

text: Spanish

text: speaking

text: elite

text: established

text: itself

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: In

text: more

text: recent

text: history

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: Franco

text: 's

text: military

text: and

text: administrative

text: apparatus

text: in

text: Valencia

text: further

text: excluded

text: Valencian

text: from

text: public

text: life

text: Valencian

text: recovered

text: its

text: official

text: status

text: prestige

text: and

text: use

text: in

text: education

text: after

text: the

text: transition

text: to

text: democracy

text: in

text: However

text: due

text: to

text: industrialisation

text: in

text: recent

text: decades

text: Valencia

text: has

text: attracted

text: immigration

text: from

text: other

text: regions

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: hence

text: there

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: demographic

text: factor

text: for

text: its

text: declining

text: social

text: use

text: Due

text: to

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: these

text: reasons

text: Valencia

text: has

text: become

text: the

text: bastion

text: of

text: anti

text: Catalan

text: blaverism

text: which

text: celebrates

text: Valencian

text: as

text: merely

text: folkloric

text: but

text: rejects

text: the

text: existing

text: standard

text: which

text: was

text: adapted

text: from

text: Catalan

text: orthography

text: Spanish

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: predominant

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: proper

text: but

text: thanks

text: to

text: the

text: education

text: system

text: most

text: Valencians

text: have

text: basic

text: knowledge

text: of

text: both

text: Spanish

text: and

text: Valencian

text: and

text: either

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: Valencia

text: is

text: therefore

text: the

text: second

text: biggest

text: Catalan

text: speaking

text: city

text: after

text: Barcelona

text: Institutional

text: buildings

text: and

text: streets

text: are

text: named

text: in

text: Valencian

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: many

text: pro

text: Valencian

text: political

text: and

text: civil

text: organisations

text: Furthermore

text: education

text: entirely

text: in

text: Valencian

text: is

text: offered

text: in

text: more

text: than

text: state

text: owned

text: schools

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: by

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Valencia

text: across

text: all

text: disciplines

question: How many official languages does Valencia have?

answer: two

text: two

question: What is very similar to Valencian and is considered another variety of the same language?

answer: Catalan

text: Catalan

question: What language is official in Valencia besides Valencian?

answer: Spanish

text: Spanish

question: How many schools offer education completely in Valencian?

answer: more than 70

text: more than 70

question: When did Valencian regain its offical status?

answer: 1978


text: In Britain, Willett's 1907 proposal used the term daylight saving, but by 1911 the term summer time replaced daylight saving time in draft legislation. Continental Europe uses similar phrases, such as Sommerzeit in Germany, zomertijd in Dutch-speaking regions, kesäaika in Finland, horario de verano or hora de verano in Spain and heure d'été in France, whereas in Italy the term is ora legale, that is, legal time (legally enforced time) as opposed to "ora solare", solar time, in winter.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: In

text: Britain

text: Willett

text: 's

text: proposal

text: used

text: the

text: term

text: daylight

text: saving

text: but

text: by

text: the

text: term

text: summer

text: time

text: replaced

text: daylight

text: saving

text: time

text: in

text: draft

text: legislation

text: Continental

text: Europe

text: uses

text: similar

text: phrases

text: such

text: as

text: Sommerzeit

text: in

text: Germany

text: zomertijd

text: in

text: Dutch

text: speaking

text: regions

text: kesäaika

text: in

text: Finland

text: horario

text: de

text: verano

text: or

text: hora

text: de

text: verano

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: heure

text: d'été

text: in

text: France

text: whereas

text: in

text: Italy

text: the

text: term

text: is

text: ora

text: legale

text: that

text: is

text: legal

text: time

text: legally

text: enforced

text: time

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: ora

text: solare

text: solar

text: time

text: in

text: winter

question: Which term did Willett use in his 1907 proposal to refer to DST?

answer: daylight saving

text: daylight saving

question: What phrase had replaced daylight saving time by 1911 as Willett's proposal evolved into draft legislation?

answer: summer time

text: summer time

question: What word do speakers of Dutch use for DST?

answer: zomertijd

text: zomertijd

question: What term do Italians use for DST that literally translates as "legal time"?

answer: ora legale

text: ora legale

question: What does the Italian term for their winter time, ora solare, translate to in English?

answer: solar time

text: solar time


text: In 2011, the foundation launched a program called "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge" with the aim to promote the development of innovations in toilet design to benefit the 2.5 billion people that do not have access to safe and effective sanitation. This program has generated significant interest of the mainstream media. It was complemented by a program called "Grand Challenges Explorations" (2011 to 2013 with some follow-up grants reaching until 2015) which involved grants of US$100,000 each in the first round. Both funding schemes explicitly excluded project ideas that relied on centralized sewerage systems or are not compatible with development country contexts.

title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

text: In

text: the

text: foundation

text: launched

text: a

text: program

text: called

text: Reinvent

text: the

text: Toilet

text: Challenge

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: to

text: promote

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: innovations

text: in

text: toilet

text: design

text: to

text: benefit

text: the

text: billion

text: people

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: access

text: to

text: safe

text: and

text: effective

text: sanitation

text: This

text: program

text: has

text: generated

text: significant

text: interest

text: of

text: the

text: mainstream

text: media

text: It

text: was

text: complemented

text: by

text: a

text: program

text: called

text: Grand

text: Challenges

text: Explorations

text: to

text: with

text: some

text: follow

text: up

text: grants

text: reaching

text: until

text: which

text: involved

text: grants

text: of

text: US$

text: each

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: round

text: Both

text: funding

text: schemes

text: explicitly

text: excluded

text: project

text: ideas

text: that

text: relied

text: on

text: centralized

text: sewerage

text: systems

text: or

text: are

text: not

text: compatible

text: with

text: development

text: country

text: contexts

question: When was reinvent the toilet launched

answer: In 2011, the foundation launched a program called "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge

text: In 2011, the foundation launched a program called "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge

question: What is the aim of reinvent the toilet

answer: to promote the development of innovations in toilet design to benefit the 2.5 billion people that do not have access to safe and effective sanitation

text: to promote the development of innovations in toilet design to benefit the 2.5 billion people that do not have access to safe and effective sanitation

question: WHat program compliment reinvent the toilet

answer: It was complemented by a program called "Grand Challenges Explorations" (2011 to 2013 with some follow-up grants reaching until 2015)

text: It was complemented by a program called "Grand Challenges Explorations" (2011 to 2013 with some follow-up grants reaching until 2015)

question: What was excluded by the funding schemes

answer: Both funding schemes explicitly excluded project ideas that relied on centralized sewerage systems or are not compatible with development country contexts

text: Both funding schemes explicitly excluded project ideas that relied on centralized sewerage systems or are not compatible with development country contexts


text: After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The French troops immediately took up pursuit but were delayed in the Battle of Eylau on 9 February 1807 by an East Prussian contingent under General Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq. Napoleon had to stay at the Finckenstein Palace, but in May, after a siege of 75 days, his troops led by Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre were able to capture the city Danzig, which had been tenaciously defended by General Count Friedrich Adolf von Kalkreuth. On 14 June, Napoleon ended the War of the Fourth Coalition with his victory at the Battle of Friedland. Frederick William and Queen Louise met with Napoleon for peace negotiations, and on 9 July the Prussian king signed the Treaty of Tilsit.

title: East_Prussia

title: East_Prussia

text: After

text: the

text: disastrous

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: Prussian

text: Army

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Jena

text: Auerstedt

text: in

text: Napoleon

text: occupied

text: Berlin

text: and

text: had

text: the

text: officials

text: of

text: the

text: Prussian

text: General

text: Directory

text: swear

text: an

text: oath

text: of

text: allegiance

text: to

text: him

text: while

text: King

text: Frederick

text: William

text: III

text: and

text: his

text: consort

text: Louise

text: fled

text: via

text: Königsberg

text: and

text: the

text: Curonian

text: Spit

text: to

text: Memel

text: The

text: French

text: troops

text: immediately

text: took

text: up

text: pursuit

text: but

text: were

text: delayed

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Eylau

text: on

text: February

text: by

text: an

text: East

text: Prussian

text: contingent

text: under

text: General

text: Anton

text: Wilhelm

text: von

text: L'Estocq

text: Napoleon

text: had

text: to

text: stay

text: at

text: the

text: Finckenstein

text: Palace

text: but

text: in

text: May

text: after

text: a

text: siege

text: of

text: days

text: his

text: troops

text: led

text: by

text: Marshal

text: François

text: Joseph

text: Lefebvre

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: capture

text: the

text: city

text: Danzig

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: tenaciously

text: defended

text: by

text: General

text: Count

text: Friedrich

text: Adolf

text: von

text: Kalkreuth

text: On

text: June

text: Napoleon

text: ended

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Fourth

text: Coalition

text: with

text: his

text: victory

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Friedland

text: Frederick

text: William

text: and

text: Queen

text: Louise

text: met

text: with

text: Napoleon

text: for

text: peace

text: negotiations

text: and

text: on

text: July

text: the

text: Prussian

text: king

text: signed

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Tilsit

question: What defeat led to Prussia having to swear its allegiance to Napoleon?

answer: Battle of Jena-Auerstedt

text: Battle of Jena-Auerstedt

question: What city did King Frederick William use to flee Prussia?

answer: Königsberg

text: Königsberg

question: What year did Napoleon end of the War of the Fourth Coalition?

answer: 1807


text: The book was made into the well-received 1962 film with the same title, starring Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch. The film's producer, Alan J. Pakula, remembered Universal Pictures executives questioning him about a potential script: "They said, 'What story do you plan to tell for the film?' I said, 'Have you read the book?' They said, 'Yes.' I said, 'That's the story.'" The movie was a hit at the box office, quickly grossing more than $20 million from a $2-million budget. It won three Oscars: Best Actor for Gregory Peck, Best Art Direction-Set Decoration, Black-and-White, and Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium for Horton Foote. It was nominated for five more Oscars including Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Mary Badham, the actress who played Scout.

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

text: The

text: book

text: was

text: made

text: into

text: the

text: well

text: received

text: film

text: with

text: the

text: same

text: title

text: starring

text: Gregory

text: Peck

text: as

text: Atticus

text: Finch

text: The

text: film

text: 's

text: producer

text: Alan

text: J.

text: Pakula

text: remembered

text: Universal

text: Pictures

text: executives

text: questioning

text: him

text: about

text: a

text: potential

text: script

text: They

text: said

text: What

text: story

text: do

text: you

text: plan

text: to

text: tell

text: for

text: the

text: film

text: I

text: said

text: Have

text: you

text: read

text: the

text: book

text: They

text: said

text: Yes

text: I

text: said

text: That

text: 's

text: the

text: story

text: The

text: movie

text: was

text: a

text: hit

text: at

text: the

text: box

text: office

text: quickly

text: grossing

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: from

text: a

text: budget

text: It

text: won

text: three

text: Oscars

text: Best

text: Actor

text: for

text: Gregory

text: Peck

text: Best

text: Art

text: Direction

text: Set

text: Decoration

text: Black

text: and

text: White

text: and

text: Best

text: Writing

text: Screenplay

text: Based

text: on

text: Material

text: from

text: Another

text: Medium

text: for

text: Horton

text: Foote

text: It

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: five

text: more

text: Oscars

text: including

text: Best

text: Actress

text: in

text: a

text: Supporting

text: Role

text: for

text: Mary

text: Badham

text: the

text: actress

text: who

text: played

text: Scout

question: A movie adaptation of the book was released in what year?

answer: 1962

question: Who played Atticus Finch in the 1962 movie of the same title?

answer: Gregory Peck

text: Gregory Peck

question: Which actor received An Oscar for his role of Atticus Finch in the 1962 movie of the book?

answer: Gregory Peck

text: Gregory Peck


text: In the past 20 years, several commercial streets have been developed, hence the nightlife has become more diverse: there are shopping malls opening late in the Xinjiekou CBD and Hunan Road. The well-established "Nanjing 1912" district hosts a wide variety of recreational facilities ranging from traditional restaurants and western pubs to dance clubs. There are two major areas where bars are densely located; one is in 1912 block; the other is along Shanghai road and its neighbourhood. Both are popular with international residents of the city.

title: Nanjing

title: Nanjing

text: In

text: the

text: past

text: years

text: several

text: commercial

text: streets

text: have

text: been

text: developed

text: hence

text: the

text: nightlife

text: has

text: become

text: more

text: diverse

text: there

text: are

text: shopping

text: malls

text: opening

text: late

text: in

text: the

text: Xinjiekou

text: CBD

text: and

text: Hunan

text: Road

text: The

text: well

text: established

text: Nanjing

text: district

text: hosts

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: recreational

text: facilities

text: ranging

text: from

text: traditional

text: restaurants

text: and

text: western

text: pubs

text: to

text: dance

text: clubs

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: major

text: areas

text: where

text: bars

text: are

text: densely

text: located

text: one

text: is

text: in

text: block

text: the

text: other

text: is

text: along

text: Shanghai

text: road

text: and

text: its

text: neighbourhood

text: Both

text: are

text: popular

text: with

text: international

text: residents

text: of

text: the

text: city

question: When did more commercial streets become built in Nanjing?

answer: In the past 20 years

text: In the past 20 years

question: What has happened as the result of more commercial streets in Nanjing?

answer: the nightlife has become more diverse

text: the nightlife has become more diverse

question: What area has lots of types of recreational outlets?

answer: "Nanjing 1912"

text: "Nanjing 1912"

question: Other than at "Nanjing 1912", where else are there a lot of bars?

answer: along Shanghai road and its neighbourhood

text: along Shanghai road and its neighbourhood

question: The two areas with a lot of bars are popular with whom?

answer: international residents of the city

text: international residents of the city