text: In November 1942, he was also appointed Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA) through the new operational Headquarters Allied (Expeditionary) Force Headquarters (A(E)FHQ). The word "expeditionary" was dropped soon after his appointment for security reasons. The campaign in North Africa was designated Operation Torch and was planned underground within the Rock of Gibraltar. Eisenhower was the first non-British person to command Gibraltar in 200 years.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: In

text: November

text: he

text: was

text: also

text: appointed

text: Supreme

text: Commander

text: Allied

text: Expeditionary

text: Force

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: African

text: Theater

text: of

text: Operations

text: NATOUSA

text: through

text: the

text: new

text: operational

text: Headquarters

text: Allied

text: Expeditionary

text: Force

text: Headquarters

text: A(E)FHQ

text: The

text: word

text: expeditionary

text: was

text: dropped

text: soon

text: after

text: his

text: appointment

text: for

text: security

text: reasons

text: The

text: campaign

text: in

text: North

text: Africa

text: was

text: designated

text: Operation

text: Torch

text: and

text: was

text: planned

text: underground

text: within

text: the

text: Rock

text: of

text: Gibraltar

text: Eisenhower

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: non

text: British

text: person

text: to

text: command

text: Gibraltar

text: in

text: years

question: What appointment did Eisenhower receive in November of 1942?

answer: Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations

text: Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations

question: What was the code name of the North African campaign?

answer: Operation Torch

text: Operation Torch

question: At what location was the North African campaign planned?

answer: Rock of Gibraltar

text: Rock of Gibraltar

question: How many years before Eisenhower's command had a non-Briton commanded Gibraltar?

answer: 200


text: World War I was a watershed event in human history, changing views of governments and politics. The Russian Revolution of 1917 (and similar, albeit less successful, revolutions in many other European countries) brought communism - and in particular the political theory of Leninism, but also on a smaller level Luxemburgism (gradually) - on the world stage. At the same time, social democratic parties won elections and formed governments for the first time, often as a result of the introduction of universal suffrage. However, a group of central European economists led by Austrian School economists Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek identified the collectivist underpinnings to the various new socialist and fascist doctrines of government power as being different brands of political totalitarianism.

title: Political_philosophy

title: Political_philosophy

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: was

text: a

text: watershed

text: event

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: changing

text: views

text: of

text: governments

text: and

text: politics

text: The

text: Russian

text: Revolution

text: of

text: and

text: similar

text: albeit

text: less

text: successful

text: revolutions

text: in

text: many

text: other

text: European

text: countries

text: brought

text: communism

text: and

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: political

text: theory

text: of

text: Leninism

text: but

text: also

text: on

text: a

text: smaller

text: level

text: Luxemburgism

text: gradually

text: on

text: the

text: world

text: stage

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: social

text: democratic

text: parties

text: won

text: elections

text: and

text: formed

text: governments

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: often

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: universal

text: suffrage

text: However

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: central

text: European

text: economists

text: led

text: by

text: Austrian

text: School

text: economists

text: Ludwig

text: von

text: Mises

text: and

text: Friedrich

text: Hayek

text: identified

text: the

text: collectivist

text: underpinnings

text: to

text: the

text: various

text: new

text: socialist

text: and

text: fascist

text: doctrines

text: of

text: government

text: power

text: as

text: being

text: different

text: brands

text: of

text: political

text: totalitarianism

question: What was a watershed event in human history?

answer: World War I

text: World War I

question: When was The Russian Revolution?

answer: 1917

question: What brought communism?

answer: The Russian Revolution of 1917

text: The Russian Revolution of 1917

question: What did Ludwig Von Mises and Friedrich Hayek run?

answer: a group of central European economists

text: a group of central European economists


text: Brasília has also been the focus of modern-day literature. Published in 2008, The World In Grey: Dom Bosco's Prophecy, by author Ryan J. Lucero, tells an apocalypticle story based on the famous prophecy from the late 19th century by the Italian saint Don Bosco. According to Don Bosco's prophecy: "Between parallels 15 and 20, around a lake which shall be formed; A great civilization will thrive, and that will be the Promised Land." Brasília lies between the parallels 15° S and 20° S, where an artificial lake (Paranoá Lake) was formed. Don Bosco is Brasília's patron saint.

title: Bras%C3%ADlia

title: Bras%C3%ADlia

text: Brasília

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: the

text: focus

text: of

text: modern

text: day

text: literature

text: Published

text: in

text: The

text: World

text: In

text: Grey

text: Dom

text: Bosco

text: 's

text: Prophecy

text: by

text: author

text: Ryan

text: J.

text: Lucero

text: tells

text: an

text: apocalypticle

text: story

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: famous

text: prophecy

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: by

text: the

text: Italian

text: saint

text: Don

text: Bosco

text: According

text: to

text: Don

text: Bosco

text: 's

text: prophecy

text: Between

text: parallels

text: and

text: around

text: a

text: lake

text: which

text: shall

text: be

text: formed

text: A

text: great

text: civilization

text: will

text: thrive

text: and

text: that

text: will

text: be

text: the

text: Promised

text: Land

text: Brasília

text: lies

text: between

text: the

text: parallels

text: S

text: and

text: S

text: where

text: an

text: artificial

text: lake

text: Paranoá

text: Lake

text: was

text: formed

text: Don

text: Bosco

text: is

text: Brasília

text: 's

text: patron

text: saint

question: When was 'The World In Grey' published?

answer: 2008

question: Who wrote 'The World In Grey'?

answer: Ryan J. Lucero

text: Ryan J. Lucero

question: Whose prophecy is 'The World In Grey' based on?

answer: Don Bosco

text: Don Bosco

question: Who is Brasilia's patron saint?

answer: Don Bosco

text: Don Bosco

question: What lake did Don Bosco predict?

answer: Paranoá Lake

text: Paranoá Lake


text: The Constitution of Bermuda came into force on 1 June 1967; it was amended in 1989 and 2003. The head of government is the premier. A cabinet is nominated by the premier and appointed officially by the governor. The legislative branch consists of a bicameral parliament modelled on the Westminster system. The Senate is the upper house, consisting of 11 members appointed by the governor on the advice of the premier and the leader of the opposition. The House of Assembly, or lower house, has 36 members, elected by the eligible voting populace in secret ballot to represent geographically defined constituencies.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: The

text: Constitution

text: of

text: Bermuda

text: came

text: into

text: force

text: on

text: June

text: it

text: was

text: amended

text: in

text: and

text: The

text: head

text: of

text: government

text: is

text: the

text: premier

text: A

text: cabinet

text: is

text: nominated

text: by

text: the

text: premier

text: and

text: appointed

text: officially

text: by

text: the

text: governor

text: The

text: legislative

text: branch

text: consists

text: of

text: a

text: bicameral

text: parliament

text: modelled

text: on

text: the

text: Westminster

text: system

text: The

text: Senate

text: is

text: the

text: upper

text: house

text: consisting

text: of

text: members

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: governor

text: on

text: the

text: advice

text: of

text: the

text: premier

text: and

text: the

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: opposition

text: The

text: House

text: of

text: Assembly

text: or

text: lower

text: house

text: has

text: members

text: elected

text: by

text: the

text: eligible

text: voting

text: populace

text: in

text: secret

text: ballot

text: to

text: represent

text: geographically

text: defined

text: constituencies

question: When was the Constitution of Bermuda enforced?

answer: 1 June 1967

text: 1 June 1967

question: Has Bermuda's constitution ever been amended?

answer: it was amended in 1989 and 2003

text: it was amended in 1989 and 2003

question: What is the head of Bermuda's government referred to as?

answer: the premier

text: the premier

question: What is the legislative branch of Bermuda modeled after?

answer: Westminster system.

text: Westminster system.

question: What does the population get to vote for?

answer: The House of Assembly, or lower house

text: The House of Assembly, or lower house


text: The European powers continued to pursue diplomatic avenues. The representatives of the four neutral Great Powers—the United Kingdom, France, Austria and Prussia—met in Vienna, where they drafted a note that they hoped would be acceptable to both the Russians and the Ottomans. The peace terms arrived at by the four powers at the Vienna Conference were delivered to the Russians by the Austrian Foreign Minister Count Karl von Buol on 5 December 1853. The note met with the approval of Nicholas I; however, Abdülmecid I rejected the proposal, feeling that the document's poor phrasing left it open to many different interpretations. The United Kingdom, France, and Austria united in proposing amendments to mollify the Sultan, but the court of St. Petersburg ignored their suggestions.:143 The UK and France then set aside the idea of continuing negotiations, but Austria and Prussia did not believe that the rejection of the proposed amendments justified the abandonment of the diplomatic process.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: The

text: European

text: powers

text: continued

text: to

text: pursue

text: diplomatic

text: avenues

text: The

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: neutral

text: Great

text: Powers

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: France

text: Austria

text: and

text: Prussia

text: met

text: in

text: Vienna

text: where

text: they

text: drafted

text: a

text: note

text: that

text: they

text: hoped

text: would

text: be

text: acceptable

text: to

text: both

text: the

text: Russians

text: and

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: The

text: peace

text: terms

text: arrived

text: at

text: by

text: the

text: four

text: powers

text: at

text: the

text: Vienna

text: Conference

text: were

text: delivered

text: to

text: the

text: Russians

text: by

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Foreign

text: Minister

text: Count

text: Karl

text: von

text: Buol

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: note

text: met

text: with

text: the

text: approval

text: of

text: Nicholas

text: I

text: however

text: Abdülmecid

text: I

text: rejected

text: the

text: proposal

text: feeling

text: that

text: the

text: document

text: 's

text: poor

text: phrasing

text: left

text: it

text: open

text: to

text: many

text: different

text: interpretations

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: France

text: and

text: Austria

text: united

text: in

text: proposing

text: amendments

text: to

text: mollify

text: the

text: Sultan

text: but

text: the

text: court

text: of

text: St.

text: Petersburg

text: ignored

text: their

text: The

text: UK

text: and

text: France

text: then

text: set

text: aside

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: continuing

text: negotiations

text: but

text: Austria

text: and

text: Prussia

text: did

text: not

text: believe

text: that

text: the

text: rejection

text: of

text: the

text: proposed

text: amendments

text: justified

text: the

text: abandonment

text: of

text: the

text: diplomatic

text: process

question: What European powers met in Vienna for a conference?

answer: United Kingdom, France, Austria and Prussia

text: United Kingdom, France, Austria and Prussia

question: Who delivered the peace terms of the Vienna Conference to the Russians?

answer: Count Karl von Buol

text: Count Karl von Buol

question: In what year did Count Karl von Buol deliver the Vienna Conference news to the Russians?

answer: 1853

question: Who rejected the proposal due to poor word phrasing?

answer: Abdülmecid I

text: Abdülmecid I

question: Who approved the proposal given by Count Karl von Buol ?

answer: Nicholas I

text: Nicholas I


text: Darwin discusses morphology, including the importance of homologous structures. He says, "What can be more curious than that the hand of a man, formed for grasping, that of a mole for digging, the leg of the horse, the paddle of the porpoise, and the wing of the bat, should all be constructed on the same pattern, and should include the same bones, in the same relative positions?" He notes that animals of the same class often have extremely similar embryos. Darwin discusses rudimentary organs, such as the wings of flightless birds and the rudiments of pelvis and leg bones found in some snakes. He remarks that some rudimentary organs, such as teeth in baleen whales, are found only in embryonic stages.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: Darwin

text: discusses

text: morphology

text: including

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: homologous

text: structures

text: He

text: says

text: What

text: can

text: be

text: more

text: curious

text: than

text: that

text: the

text: hand

text: of

text: a

text: man

text: formed

text: for

text: grasping

text: that

text: of

text: a

text: mole

text: for

text: digging

text: the

text: leg

text: of

text: the

text: horse

text: the

text: paddle

text: of

text: the

text: porpoise

text: and

text: the

text: wing

text: of

text: the

text: bat

text: should

text: all

text: be

text: constructed

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: pattern

text: and

text: should

text: include

text: the

text: same

text: bones

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: relative

text: positions

text: He

text: notes

text: that

text: animals

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: class

text: often

text: have

text: extremely

text: similar

text: embryos

text: Darwin

text: discusses

text: rudimentary

text: organs

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: wings

text: of

text: flightless

text: birds

text: and

text: the

text: rudiments

text: of

text: pelvis

text: and

text: leg

text: bones

text: found

text: in

text: some

text: snakes

text: He

text: remarks

text: that

text: some

text: rudimentary

text: organs

text: such

text: as

text: teeth

text: in

text: baleen

text: whales

text: are

text: found

text: only

text: in

text: embryonic

text: stages

question: What theory does Darwin discuss that is related to the importance of homologous structures?

answer: morphology

text: morphology

question: What are some examples that Darwin gives of species whose basic form of limbs is similar, but who have vastly different uses for them?

answer: the hand of a man, formed for grasping, that of a mole for digging, the leg of the horse, the paddle of the porpoise, and the wing of the bat

text: the hand of a man, formed for grasping, that of a mole for digging, the leg of the horse, the paddle of the porpoise, and the wing of the bat

question: What does Darwin note about the embryos of many different species in the same class?

answer: animals of the same class often have extremely similar embryos

text: animals of the same class often have extremely similar embryos

question: What are some examples of rudimentary organs that Darwin discusses in the chapter?

answer: e wings of flightless birds and the rudiments of pelvis and leg bones found in some snakes

text: e wings of flightless birds and the rudiments of pelvis and leg bones found in some snakes


text: Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Proto-Elamite and Elamite kingdoms in 3200–2800 BC. The Iranian Medes unified the area into the first of many empires in 625 BC, after which it became the dominant cultural and political power in the region. Iran reached the pinnacle of its power during the Achaemenid Empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC, which at its greatest extent comprised major portions of the ancient world, stretching from parts of the Balkans (Thrace-Macedonia, Bulgaria-Paeonia) and Eastern Europe proper in the west, to the Indus Valley in the east, making it the largest empire the world had yet seen. The empire collapsed in 330 BC following the conquests of Alexander the Great. The Parthian Empire emerged from the ashes and was succeeded by the Sassanid Dynasty in 224 AD, under which Iran again became one of the leading powers in the world, along with the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than four centuries.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: Iran

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: civilizations

text: beginning

text: with

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: Proto

text: Elamite

text: and

text: Elamite

text: kingdoms

text: in

text: BC

text: The

text: Iranian

text: Medes

text: unified

text: the

text: area

text: into

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: many

text: empires

text: in

text: BC

text: after

text: which

text: it

text: became

text: the

text: dominant

text: cultural

text: and

text: political

text: power

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: Iran

text: reached

text: the

text: pinnacle

text: of

text: its

text: power

text: during

text: the

text: Achaemenid

text: Empire

text: founded

text: by

text: Cyrus

text: the

text: Great

text: in

text: BC

text: which

text: at

text: its

text: greatest

text: extent

text: comprised

text: major

text: portions

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: world

text: stretching

text: from

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Balkans

text: Thrace

text: Macedonia

text: Bulgaria

text: Paeonia

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: proper

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: to

text: the

text: Indus

text: Valley

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: the

text: world

text: had

text: yet

text: seen

text: The

text: empire

text: collapsed

text: in

text: BC

text: following

text: the

text: conquests

text: of

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: The

text: Parthian

text: Empire

text: emerged

text: from

text: the

text: ashes

text: and

text: was

text: succeeded

text: by

text: the

text: Sassanid

text: Dynasty

text: in

text: AD

text: under

text: which

text: Iran

text: again

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: leading

text: powers

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Roman

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: for

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: four

text: centuries

question: What civilizations formed in Iran during 3200-2800 BC?

answer: the Proto-Elamite and Elamite kingdoms

text: the Proto-Elamite and Elamite kingdoms

question: When did the Iranian Medes first unify an empire in the area?

answer: 625 BC

text: 625 BC

question: Who found the Archaemenid Empire in 550 BC?

answer: Cyrus the Great

text: Cyrus the Great

question: When did the Archaemenid Empire collapse?

answer: 330 BC

text: 330 BC

question: Who ended the Archaemenid Empire by conquest in 330 BC?

answer: Alexander the Great

text: Alexander the Great


text: Schwarzenegger was the first civilian to purchase a Humvee. He was so enamored by the vehicle that he lobbied the Humvee's manufacturer, AM General, to produce a street-legal, civilian version, which they did in 1992; the first two Hummers they sold were also purchased by Schwarzenegger.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Schwarzenegger

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: civilian

text: to

text: purchase

text: a

text: Humvee

text: He

text: was

text: so

text: enamored

text: by

text: the

text: vehicle

text: that

text: he

text: lobbied

text: the

text: Humvee

text: 's

text: manufacturer

text: AM

text: General

text: to

text: produce

text: a

text: street

text: legal

text: civilian

text: version

text: which

text: they

text: did

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: two

text: Hummers

text: they

text: sold

text: were

text: also

text: purchased

text: by

text: Schwarzenegger

question: In what year did AM General grant Schwarzenegger's wish for a street-legal Humvee?

answer: 1992

question: In addition to the Humvee, what other vehicle manufactured by AM General was Schwarzenegger first to own?

answer: Hummers

text: Hummers


text: One of the main driving forces in the growth of the University was its football team, the Notre Dame Fighting Irish. Knute Rockne became head coach in 1918. Under Rockne, the Irish would post a record of 105 wins, 12 losses, and five ties. During his 13 years the Irish won three national championships, had five undefeated seasons, won the Rose Bowl in 1925, and produced players such as George Gipp and the "Four Horsemen". Knute Rockne has the highest winning percentage (.881) in NCAA Division I/FBS football history. Rockne's offenses employed the Notre Dame Box and his defenses ran a 7–2–2 scheme. The last game Rockne coached was on December 14, 1930 when he led a group of Notre Dame all-stars against the New York Giants in New York City.

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: driving

text: forces

text: in

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: was

text: its

text: football

text: team

text: the

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: Fighting

text: Irish

text: Knute

text: Rockne

text: became

text: head

text: coach

text: in

text: Under

text: Rockne

text: the

text: Irish

text: would

text: post

text: a

text: record

text: of

text: wins

text: losses

text: and

text: five

text: ties

text: During

text: his

text: years

text: the

text: Irish

text: won

text: three

text: national

text: championships

text: had

text: five

text: undefeated

text: seasons

text: won

text: the

text: Rose

text: Bowl

text: in

text: and

text: produced

text: players

text: such

text: as

text: George

text: Gipp

text: and

text: the

text: Four

text: Horsemen

text: Knute

text: Rockne

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: winning

text: percentage

text: in

text: NCAA

text: Division

text: I

text: FBS

text: football

text: history

text: Rockne

text: 's

text: offenses

text: employed

text: the

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: Box

text: and

text: his

text: defenses

text: ran

text: a

text: scheme

text: The

text: last

text: game

text: Rockne

text: coached

text: was

text: on

text: December

text: when

text: he

text: led

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: all

text: stars

text: against

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Giants

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

question: The Notre Dame football team got a new head coach in 1918, who was it?

answer: Knute Rockne

text: Knute Rockne

question: What was the amount of wins Knute Rockne attained at Notre Dame while head coach?

answer: 105

question: In what year did the team lead by Knute Rockne win the Rose Bowl?

answer: 1925

question: How many years was Knute Rockne head coach at Notre Dame?

answer: 13

question: How many national titles were won when Knute Rockne coached at Notre Dame?

answer: three

text: three


text: The northern section of the Divide, where the mountains give way rapidly to prairie, is part of the Rocky Mountain Front. The front is most pronounced in the Lewis Range, located primarily in Glacier National Park. Due to the configuration of mountain ranges in Glacier National Park, the Northern Divide (which begins in Alaska's Seward Peninsula) crosses this region and turns east in Montana at Triple Divide Peak. It causes the Waterton River, Belly, and Saint Mary rivers to flow north into Alberta, Canada. There they join the Saskatchewan River, which ultimately empties into Hudson Bay.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: The

text: northern

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Divide

text: where

text: the

text: mountains

text: give

text: way

text: rapidly

text: to

text: prairie

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountain

text: Front

text: The

text: front

text: is

text: most

text: pronounced

text: in

text: the

text: Lewis

text: Range

text: located

text: primarily

text: in

text: Glacier

text: National

text: Park

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: configuration

text: of

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: in

text: Glacier

text: National

text: Park

text: the

text: Northern

text: Divide

text: which

text: begins

text: in

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: Seward

text: Peninsula

text: crosses

text: this

text: region

text: and

text: turns

text: east

text: in

text: Montana

text: at

text: Triple

text: Divide

text: Peak

text: It

text: causes

text: the

text: Waterton

text: River

text: Belly

text: and

text: Saint

text: Mary

text: rivers

text: to

text: flow

text: north

text: into

text: Alberta

text: Canada

text: There

text: they

text: join

text: the

text: Saskatchewan

text: River

text: which

text: ultimately

text: empties

text: into

text: Hudson

text: Bay

question: Which direction do the rivers flow near the Triple Divide Peak?

answer: north

text: north

question: Where does the Saskatchewan River empty into?

answer: Hudson Bay.

text: Hudson Bay.


text: The current–voltage characteristic of an LED is similar to other diodes, in that the current is dependent exponentially on the voltage (see Shockley diode equation). This means that a small change in voltage can cause a large change in current. If the applied voltage exceeds the LED's forward voltage drop by a small amount, the current rating may be exceeded by a large amount, potentially damaging or destroying the LED. The typical solution is to use constant-current power supplies to keep the current below the LED's maximum current rating. Since most common power sources (batteries, mains) are constant-voltage sources, most LED fixtures must include a power converter, at least a current-limiting resistor. However, the high resistance of three-volt coin cells combined with the high differential resistance of nitride-based LEDs makes it possible to power such an LED from such a coin cell without an external resistor.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: The

text: current

text: voltage

text: characteristic

text: of

text: an

text: LED

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: other

text: diodes

text: in

text: that

text: the

text: current

text: is

text: dependent

text: exponentially

text: on

text: the

text: voltage

text: see

text: Shockley

text: diode

text: equation

text: This

text: means

text: that

text: a

text: small

text: change

text: in

text: voltage

text: can

text: cause

text: a

text: large

text: change

text: in

text: current

text: If

text: the

text: applied

text: voltage

text: exceeds

text: the

text: LED

text: 's

text: forward

text: voltage

text: drop

text: by

text: a

text: small

text: amount

text: the

text: current

text: rating

text: may

text: be

text: exceeded

text: by

text: a

text: large

text: amount

text: potentially

text: damaging

text: or

text: destroying

text: the

text: LED

text: The

text: typical

text: solution

text: is

text: to

text: use

text: constant

text: current

text: power

text: supplies

text: to

text: keep

text: the

text: current

text: below

text: the

text: LED

text: 's

text: maximum

text: current

text: rating

text: Since

text: most

text: common

text: power

text: sources

text: batteries

text: mains

text: are

text: constant

text: voltage

text: sources

text: most

text: LED

text: fixtures

text: must

text: include

text: a

text: power

text: converter

text: at

text: least

text: a

text: current

text: limiting

text: resistor

text: However

text: the

text: high

text: resistance

text: of

text: three

text: volt

text: coin

text: cells

text: combined

text: with

text: the

text: high

text: differential

text: resistance

text: of

text: nitride

text: based

text: LEDs

text: makes

text: it

text: possible

text: to

text: power

text: such

text: an

text: LED

text: from

text: such

text: a

text: coin

text: cell

text: without

text: an

text: external

text: resistor

question: How are LEDs similar to other diodes?

answer: the current is dependent exponentially on the voltage

text: the current is dependent exponentially on the voltage

question: What is a solution to preventing an LED failure?

answer: use constant-current power supplies

text: use constant-current power supplies

question: What can cause a large change in current in LEDs?

answer: a small change in voltage

text: a small change in voltage

question: What is a constant-voltage source?

answer: batteries

text: batteries

question: What feature do most LED fixtures need to have?

answer: a power converter

text: a power converter


text: The epistemological tensions between scientists and universities were also heightened by the economic realities of research during this time, as individual scientists, associations and universities were vying for limited resources. There was also competition from the formation of new colleges funded by private benefactors and designed to provide free education to the public, or established by local governments to provide a knowledge hungry populace with an alternative to traditional universities. Even when universities supported new scientific endeavors, and the university provided foundational training and authority for the research and conclusions, they could not compete with the resources available through private benefactors.

title: University

title: University

text: The

text: epistemological

text: tensions

text: between

text: scientists

text: and

text: universities

text: were

text: also

text: heightened

text: by

text: the

text: economic

text: realities

text: of

text: research

text: during

text: this

text: time

text: as

text: individual

text: scientists

text: associations

text: and

text: universities

text: were

text: vying

text: for

text: limited

text: resources

text: There

text: was

text: also

text: competition

text: from

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: new

text: colleges

text: funded

text: by

text: private

text: benefactors

text: and

text: designed

text: to

text: provide

text: free

text: education

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: or

text: established

text: by

text: local

text: governments

text: to

text: provide

text: a

text: knowledge

text: hungry

text: populace

text: with

text: an

text: alternative

text: to

text: traditional

text: universities

text: Even

text: when

text: universities

text: supported

text: new

text: scientific

text: endeavors

text: and

text: the

text: university

text: provided

text: foundational

text: training

text: and

text: authority

text: for

text: the

text: research

text: and

text: conclusions

text: they

text: could

text: not

text: compete

text: with

text: the

text: resources

text: available

text: through

text: private

text: benefactors

question: Scientists and universities were competing for what?

answer: limited resources

text: limited resources

question: What type of education did private benefactors hope to provide to the public?

answer: free

text: free

question: Governments created universities to serve as what?

answer: an alternative to traditional universities

text: an alternative to traditional universities

question: What type of entity created competition with government created universities?

answer: private benefactors

text: private benefactors


text: East Tucson is relatively new compared to other parts of the city, developed between the 1950s and the 1970s,[citation needed] with developments such as Desert Palms Park. It is generally classified as the area of the city east of Swan Road, with above-average real estate values relative to the rest of the city. The area includes urban and suburban development near the Rincon Mountains. East Tucson includes Saguaro National Park East. Tucson's "Restaurant Row" is also located on the east side, along with a significant corporate and financial presence. Restaurant Row is sandwiched by three of Tucson's storied Neighborhoods: Harold Bell Wright Estates, named after the famous author's ranch which occupied some of that area prior to the depression; the Tucson Country Club (the third to bear the name Tucson Country Club), and the Dorado Country Club. Tucson's largest office building is 5151 East Broadway in east Tucson, completed in 1975. The first phases of Williams Centre, a mixed-use, master-planned development on Broadway near Craycroft Road, were opened in 1987. Park Place, a recently renovated shopping center, is also located along Broadway (west of Wilmot Road).

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: East

text: Tucson

text: is

text: relatively

text: new

text: compared

text: to

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: developed

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: needed

text: with

text: developments

text: such

text: as

text: Desert

text: Palms

text: Park

text: It

text: is

text: generally

text: classified

text: as

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: east

text: of

text: Swan

text: Road

text: with

text: above

text: average

text: real

text: estate

text: values

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: area

text: includes

text: urban

text: and

text: suburban

text: development

text: near

text: the

text: Rincon

text: Mountains

text: East

text: Tucson

text: includes

text: Saguaro

text: National

text: Park

text: East

text: Tucson

text: 's

text: Restaurant

text: Row

text: is

text: also

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: side

text: along

text: with

text: a

text: significant

text: corporate

text: and

text: financial

text: presence

text: Restaurant

text: Row

text: is

text: sandwiched

text: by

text: three

text: of

text: Tucson

text: 's

text: storied

text: Neighborhoods

text: Harold

text: Bell

text: Wright

text: Estates

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: famous

text: author

text: 's

text: ranch

text: which

text: occupied

text: some

text: of

text: that

text: area

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: depression

text: the

text: Tucson

text: Country

text: Club

text: the

text: third

text: to

text: bear

text: the

text: name

text: Tucson

text: Country

text: Club

text: and

text: the

text: Dorado

text: Country

text: Club

text: Tucson

text: 's

text: largest

text: office

text: building

text: is

text: East

text: Broadway

text: in

text: east

text: Tucson

text: completed

text: in

text: The

text: first

text: phases

text: of

text: Williams

text: Centre

text: a

text: mixed

text: use

text: master

text: planned

text: development

text: on

text: Broadway

text: near

text: Craycroft

text: Road

text: were

text: opened

text: in

text: Park

text: Place

text: a

text: recently

text: renovated

text: shopping

text: center

text: is

text: also

text: located

text: along

text: Broadway

text: west

text: of

text: Wilmot

text: Road

question: What park was developed between the 1950's and 1970's?

answer: Desert Palms Park

text: Desert Palms Park

question: What park is in East Tuscon?

answer: Saguaro National Park East

text: Saguaro National Park East

question: Which estates were named after a ranch of a famous author?

answer: Harold Bell Wright Estates

text: Harold Bell Wright Estates

question: What year was Tuscon's largest office building built?

answer: 1975

question: What shopping center is located along Broadway?

answer: Park Place

text: Park Place

question: What part of Tucson is Saguaro National Park East in?

answer: East

text: East

question: When was East Tucson developed?

answer: between the 1950s and the 1970s

text: between the 1950s and the 1970s

question: What is the boundary of East Tucson?

answer: Swan Road

text: Swan Road

question: What is the biggest office building in Tucson?

answer: 5151 East Broadway

text: 5151 East Broadway

question: Where is Park Place?

answer: along Broadway (west of Wilmot Road)

text: along Broadway (west of Wilmot Road)


text: Deep house's origins can be traced to Chicago producer Mr Fingers's relatively jazzy, soulful recordings "Mystery of Love" (1985) and "Can You Feel It?" (1986). According to author Richie Unterberger, it moved house music away from its "posthuman tendencies back towards the lush" soulful sound of early disco music.

title: House_music

title: House_music

text: Deep

text: house

text: 's

text: origins

text: can

text: be

text: traced

text: to

text: Chicago

text: producer

text: Mr

text: Fingers

text: 's

text: relatively

text: jazzy

text: soulful

text: recordings

text: Mystery

text: of

text: Love

text: and

text: Can

text: You

text: Feel

text: It

text: According

text: to

text: author

text: Richie

text: Unterberger

text: it

text: moved

text: house

text: music

text: away

text: from

text: its

text: posthuman

text: tendencies

text: back

text: towards

text: the

text: lush

text: soulful

text: sound

text: of

text: early

text: disco

text: music

question: what producer was the first to produce deep house?

answer: Mr Fingers

text: Mr Fingers

question: where was producer mr. fingers' from?

answer: Chicago

text: Chicago

question: when was mr. fingers' "mystery of love" released?

answer: 1985

question: when was mr. fingers' "can you feel it?" released?

answer: 1986


text: The largest mammal to live in the highest altitudes are the alpine ibex, which have been sighted as high as 3,000 m (9,843 ft). The ibex live in caves and descend to eat the succulent alpine grasses. Classified as antelopes, chamois are smaller than ibex and found throughout the Alps, living above the tree line and are common in the entire alpine range. Areas of the eastern Alps are still home to brown bears. In Switzerland the canton of Bern was named for the bears but the last bear is recorded as having been killed in 1792 above Kleine Scheidegg by three hunters from Grindelwald.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: The

text: largest

text: mammal

text: to

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: highest

text: altitudes

text: are

text: the

text: alpine

text: ibex

text: which

text: have

text: been

text: sighted

text: as

text: high

text: as

text: m

text: ft

text: The

text: ibex

text: live

text: in

text: caves

text: and

text: descend

text: to

text: eat

text: the

text: succulent

text: alpine

text: grasses

text: Classified

text: as

text: antelopes

text: chamois

text: are

text: smaller

text: than

text: ibex

text: and

text: found

text: throughout

text: the

text: Alps

text: living

text: above

text: the

text: tree

text: line

text: and

text: are

text: common

text: in

text: the

text: entire

text: alpine

text: range

text: Areas

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: Alps

text: are

text: still

text: home

text: to

text: brown

text: bears

text: In

text: Switzerland

text: the

text: canton

text: of

text: Bern

text: was

text: named

text: for

text: the

text: bears

text: but

text: the

text: last

text: bear

text: is

text: recorded

text: as

text: having

text: been

text: killed

text: in

text: above

text: Kleine

text: Scheidegg

text: by

text: three

text: hunters

text: from

text: Grindelwald

question: What is the largest mammal to live in the highest altitudes?

answer: alpine ibex

text: alpine ibex

question: How high have the Alpine Ibex been sighted?

answer: as high as 3,000 m (9,843 ft)

text: as high as 3,000 m (9,843 ft)

question: Where do the ibex live?

answer: in caves

text: in caves

question: What animal that live in the Alps are classified as antelopes?

answer: chamois

text: chamois

question: What year was the last brown bear recorded to have been killed?

answer: 1792


text: The first Confederate soldier to be killed in the Civil War was Private Henry Wyatt from North Carolina, in the Battle of Big Bethel in June 1861. At the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, the 26th North Carolina Regiment participated in Pickett/Pettigrew's Charge and advanced the farthest into the Northern lines of any Confederate regiment. During the Battle of Chickamauga, the 58th North Carolina Regiment advanced farther than any other regiment on Snodgrass Hill to push back the remaining Union forces from the battlefield. At Appomattox Court House in Virginia in April 1865, the 75th North Carolina Regiment, a cavalry unit, fired the last shots of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the Civil War. For many years, North Carolinians proudly boasted that they had been "First at Bethel, Farthest at Gettysburg and Chickamauga, and Last at Appomattox."

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: The

text: first

text: Confederate

text: soldier

text: to

text: be

text: killed

text: in

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: was

text: Private

text: Henry

text: Wyatt

text: from

text: North

text: Carolina

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Big

text: Bethel

text: in

text: June

text: At

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Gettysburg

text: in

text: July

text: the

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Regiment

text: participated

text: in

text: Pickett

text: Pettigrew

text: 's

text: Charge

text: and

text: advanced

text: the

text: farthest

text: into

text: the

text: Northern

text: lines

text: of

text: any

text: Confederate

text: regiment

text: During

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Chickamauga

text: the

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Regiment

text: advanced

text: farther

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: regiment

text: on

text: Snodgrass

text: Hill

text: to

text: push

text: back

text: the

text: remaining

text: Union

text: forces

text: from

text: the

text: battlefield

text: At

text: Appomattox

text: Court

text: House

text: in

text: Virginia

text: in

text: April

text: the

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Regiment

text: a

text: cavalry

text: unit

text: fired

text: the

text: last

text: shots

text: of

text: the

text: Confederate

text: Army

text: of

text: Northern

text: Virginia

text: in

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: For

text: many

text: years

text: North

text: Carolinians

text: proudly

text: boasted

text: that

text: they

text: had

text: been

text: First

text: at

text: Bethel

text: Farthest

text: at

text: Gettysburg

text: and

text: Chickamauga

text: and

text: Last

text: at

text: Appomattox

question: Who was the first confederate soldier to be killed in the civil war?

answer: Private Henry Wyatt

text: Private Henry Wyatt

question: Where was henry Wyatt from?

answer: North Carolina

text: North Carolina

question: What battle did Private Henry Wyatt die in?

answer: in the Battle of Big Bethel

text: in the Battle of Big Bethel

question: When did Henry Wyatt die?

answer: June 1861

text: June 1861

question: When was the battle of Gettysburg?

answer: July 1863

text: July 1863


text: Copper is synthesized in massive stars and is present in the Earth's crust at a concentration of about 50 parts per million (ppm), where it occurs as native copper or in minerals such as the copper sulfides chalcopyrite and chalcocite, the copper carbonates azurite and malachite, and the copper(I) oxide mineral cuprite. The largest mass of elemental copper discovered weighed 420 tonnes and was found in 1857 on the Keweenaw Peninsula in Michigan, US. Native copper is a polycrystal, with the largest described single crystal measuring 4.4×3.2×3.2 cm.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: Copper

text: is

text: synthesized

text: in

text: massive

text: stars

text: and

text: is

text: present

text: in

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: crust

text: at

text: a

text: concentration

text: of

text: about

text: parts

text: per

text: million

text: ppm

text: where

text: it

text: occurs

text: as

text: native

text: copper

text: or

text: in

text: minerals

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: copper

text: sulfides

text: chalcopyrite

text: and

text: chalcocite

text: the

text: copper

text: carbonates

text: azurite

text: and

text: malachite

text: and

text: the

text: copper(I

text: oxide

text: mineral

text: cuprite

text: The

text: largest

text: mass

text: of

text: elemental

text: copper

text: discovered

text: weighed

text: tonnes

text: and

text: was

text: found

text: in

text: on

text: the

text: Keweenaw

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: Michigan

text: US

text: Native

text: copper

text: is

text: a

text: polycrystal

text: with

text: the

text: largest

text: described

text: single

text: crystal

text: measuring

text: cm

question: What is the concentration of copper in the earths crust.

answer: 50 parts per million

text: 50 parts per million

question: How large was the biggest find of copper?

answer: 420 tonnes

text: 420 tonnes

question: What year was the largest find of copper discovered?

answer: 1857

question: How big is the largest copper crystal that has been found?

answer: 4.4×3.2×3.2 cm

text: 4.4×3.2×3.2 cm

question: Where was the largest mass of copper found?

answer: Michigan, US

text: Michigan, US


text: In northern Galicia, the A Coruña-Ferrol metropolitan area has become increasingly dominant in terms of population. The population of the city of A Coruña in 1900 was 43,971. The population of the rest of the province including the City and Naval Station of nearby Ferrol and Santiago de Compostela was 653,556. A Coruña's growth occurred after the Spanish Civil War at the same speed as other major Galician cities, but it was the arrival of democracy in Spain after the death of Francisco Franco when A Coruña left all the other Galician cities behind.

title: Galicia_(Spain)

title: Galicia_(Spain

text: In

text: northern

text: Galicia

text: the

text: A

text: Coruña

text: Ferrol

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: has

text: become

text: increasingly

text: dominant

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: population

text: The

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: A

text: Coruña

text: in

text: was

text: The

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: including

text: the

text: City

text: and

text: Naval

text: Station

text: of

text: nearby

text: Ferrol

text: and

text: Santiago

text: de

text: Compostela

text: was

text: A

text: Coruña

text: 's

text: growth

text: occurred

text: after

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Civil

text: War

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: speed

text: as

text: other

text: major

text: Galician

text: cities

text: but

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: democracy

text: in

text: Spain

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Francisco

text: Franco

text: when

text: A

text: Coruña

text: left

text: all

text: the

text: other

text: Galician

text: cities

text: behind

question: Which metro area is largest in terms of population?

answer: A Coruña-Ferrol

text: A Coruña-Ferrol

question: What was it's total population back in 1900?

answer: 653,556


text: Most food in Alaska is transported into the state from "Outside", and shipping costs make food in the cities relatively expensive. In rural areas, subsistence hunting and gathering is an essential activity because imported food is prohibitively expensive. Though most small towns and villages in Alaska lie along the coastline, the cost of importing food to remote villages can be high, because of the terrain and difficult road conditions, which change dramatically, due to varying climate and precipitation changes. The cost of transport can reach as high as 50¢ per pound ($1.10/kg) or more in some remote areas, during the most difficult times, if these locations can be reached at all during such inclement weather and terrain conditions. The cost of delivering a 1 US gallon (3.8 L) of milk is about $3.50 in many villages where per capita income can be $20,000 or less. Fuel cost per gallon is routinely 20–30¢ higher than the continental United States average, with only Hawaii having higher prices.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: Most

text: food

text: in

text: Alaska

text: is

text: transported

text: into

text: the

text: state

text: from

text: Outside

text: and

text: shipping

text: costs

text: make

text: food

text: in

text: the

text: cities

text: relatively

text: expensive

text: In

text: rural

text: areas

text: subsistence

text: hunting

text: and

text: gathering

text: is

text: an

text: essential

text: activity

text: because

text: imported

text: food

text: is

text: prohibitively

text: expensive

text: Though

text: most

text: small

text: towns

text: and

text: villages

text: in

text: Alaska

text: lie

text: along

text: the

text: coastline

text: the

text: cost

text: of

text: importing

text: food

text: to

text: remote

text: villages

text: can

text: be

text: high

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: terrain

text: and

text: difficult

text: road

text: conditions

text: which

text: change

text: dramatically

text: due

text: to

text: varying

text: climate

text: and

text: precipitation

text: changes

text: The

text: cost

text: of

text: transport

text: can

text: reach

text: as

text: high

text: as

text: per

text: pound

text: or

text: more

text: in

text: some

text: remote

text: areas

text: during

text: the

text: most

text: difficult

text: times

text: if

text: these

text: locations

text: can

text: be

text: reached

text: at

text: all

text: during

text: such

text: inclement

text: weather

text: and

text: terrain

text: conditions

text: The

text: cost

text: of

text: delivering

text: a

text: US

text: gallon

text: L

text: of

text: milk

text: is

text: about

text: in

text: many

text: villages

text: where

text: per

text: capita

text: income

text: can

text: be

text: or

text: less

text: Fuel

text: cost

text: per

text: gallon

text: is

text: routinely

text: higher

text: than

text: the

text: continental

text: United

text: States

text: average

text: with

text: only

text: Hawaii

text: having

text: higher

text: prices

question: What causes food in Alaskan cities to be relatively expensive?

answer: shipping costs

text: shipping costs

question: How high can the cost of transport be in some remote areas?

answer: 50¢ per pound ($1.10/kg)

text: 50¢ per pound ($1.10/kg)

question: Which state in the US is the only to have higher fuel prices than Alaska?

answer: Hawaii

text: Hawaii

question: How much does it cost to transport a gallon of milk in some rural areas of Alaska?

answer: $3.50


text: After 1870, the new railroads across the Plains brought hunters who killed off almost all the bison for their hides. The railroads offered attractive packages of land and transportation to European farmers, who rushed to settle the land. They (and Americans as well) also took advantage of the homestead laws to obtain free farms. Land speculators and local boosters identified many potential towns, and those reached by the railroad had a chance, while the others became ghost towns. In Kansas, for example, nearly 5000 towns were mapped out, but by 1970 only 617 were actually operating. In the mid-20th century, closeness to an interstate exchange determined whether a town would flourish or struggle for business.

title: Great_Plains

title: Great_Plains

text: After

text: the

text: new

text: railroads

text: across

text: the

text: Plains

text: brought

text: hunters

text: who

text: killed

text: off

text: almost

text: all

text: the

text: bison

text: for

text: their

text: hides

text: The

text: railroads

text: offered

text: attractive

text: packages

text: of

text: land

text: and

text: transportation

text: to

text: European

text: farmers

text: who

text: rushed

text: to

text: settle

text: the

text: land

text: They

text: and

text: Americans

text: as

text: well

text: also

text: took

text: advantage

text: of

text: the

text: homestead

text: laws

text: to

text: obtain

text: free

text: farms

text: Land

text: speculators

text: and

text: local

text: boosters

text: identified

text: many

text: potential

text: towns

text: and

text: those

text: reached

text: by

text: the

text: railroad

text: had

text: a

text: chance

text: while

text: the

text: others

text: became

text: ghost

text: towns

text: In

text: Kansas

text: for

text: example

text: nearly

text: towns

text: were

text: mapped

text: out

text: but

text: by

text: only

text: were

text: actually

text: operating

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: closeness

text: to

text: an

text: interstate

text: exchange

text: determined

text: whether

text: a

text: town

text: would

text: flourish

text: or

text: struggle

text: for

text: business

question: after about what year did railroads bring hunters to the great plains?

answer: 1870

question: what animal did hunters kill off for their hides?

answer: bison

text: bison

question: what farmers rushed in to settle the land with the help of the railroads?

answer: European farmers

text: European farmers

question: what did the railroads offer the farmers that rushed in to settle the area?

answer: packages of land and transportation

text: packages of land and transportation


text: While the Suez Crisis caused British power in the Middle East to weaken, it did not collapse. Britain again deployed its armed forces to the region, intervening in Oman (1957), Jordan (1958) and Kuwait (1961), though on these occasions with American approval, as the new Prime Minister Harold Macmillan's foreign policy was to remain firmly aligned with the United States. Britain maintained a military presence in the Middle East for another decade. In January 1968, a few weeks after the devaluation of the pound, Prime Minister Harold Wilson and his Defence Secretary Denis Healey announced that British troops would be withdrawn from major military bases East of Suez, which included the ones in the Middle East, and primarily from Malaysia and Singapore. The British withdrew from Aden in 1967, Bahrain in 1971, and Maldives in 1976.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: While

text: the

text: Suez

text: Crisis

text: caused

text: British

text: power

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: to

text: weaken

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: collapse

text: Britain

text: again

text: deployed

text: its

text: armed

text: forces

text: to

text: the

text: region

text: intervening

text: in

text: Oman

text: Jordan

text: and

text: Kuwait

text: though

text: on

text: these

text: occasions

text: with

text: American

text: approval

text: as

text: the

text: new

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Harold

text: Macmillan

text: 's

text: foreign

text: policy

text: was

text: to

text: remain

text: firmly

text: aligned

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Britain

text: maintained

text: a

text: military

text: presence

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: for

text: another

text: decade

text: In

text: January

text: a

text: few

text: weeks

text: after

text: the

text: devaluation

text: of

text: the

text: pound

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Harold

text: Wilson

text: and

text: his

text: Defence

text: Secretary

text: Denis

text: Healey

text: announced

text: that

text: British

text: troops

text: would

text: be

text: withdrawn

text: from

text: major

text: military

text: bases

text: East

text: of

text: Suez

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: ones

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: primarily

text: from

text: Malaysia

text: and

text: Singapore

text: The

text: British

text: withdrew

text: from

text: Aden

text: in

text: Bahrain

text: in

text: and

text: Maldives

text: in

question: When did Britain withdraw from Aden?

answer: 1967

question: When did Britain withdraw from Bahrain?

answer: 1971

question: When did Britain withdraw from the Maldives?

answer: 1976

question: Who was Harold Wilson's Defense Secretary?

answer: Denis Healey

text: Denis Healey

question: Where did Britain's army attack in 1961?

answer: Kuwait

text: Kuwait


text: One challenge to the traditional concept of matter as tangible "stuff" came with the rise of field physics in the 19th century. Relativity shows that matter and energy (including the spatially distributed energy of fields) are interchangeable. This enables the ontological view that energy is prima materia and matter is one of its forms. On the other hand, the Standard Model of Particle physics uses quantum field theory to describe all interactions. On this view it could be said that fields are prima materia and the energy is a property of the field.

title: Materialism

title: Materialism

text: One

text: challenge

text: to

text: the

text: traditional

text: concept

text: of

text: matter

text: as

text: tangible

text: stuff

text: came

text: with

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: field

text: physics

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Relativity

text: shows

text: that

text: matter

text: and

text: energy

text: including

text: the

text: spatially

text: distributed

text: energy

text: of

text: fields

text: are

text: interchangeable

text: This

text: enables

text: the

text: ontological

text: view

text: that

text: energy

text: is

text: prima

text: materia

text: and

text: matter

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: forms

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: the

text: Standard

text: Model

text: of

text: Particle

text: physics

text: uses

text: quantum

text: field

text: theory

text: to

text: describe

text: all

text: interactions

text: On

text: this

text: view

text: it

text: could

text: be

text: said

text: that

text: fields

text: are

text: prima

text: materia

text: and

text: the

text: energy

text: is

text: a

text: property

text: of

text: the

text: field

question: Relativity illustrates that what is interchangeable?

answer: matter and energy

text: matter and energy

question: Ontological theory suggests that what is the main substance?

answer: energy

text: energy

question: Quantum field theory suggest what is the main substance?

answer: fields

text: fields


text: Vietnam: The event was held in Ho Chi Minh City on April 29. Some 60 torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium near Tan Son Nhat International Airport along an undisclosed route. Vietnam is involved in a territorial dispute with China (and other countries) for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands; tensions have risen recently[when?] following reports that the Chinese government had established a county-level city named Sansha in the disputed territories, resulting in anti-Chinese demonstrations in December 2007 in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. However to sustain its relationship with China the Vietnamese government has actively sought to head off protests during the torch relay, with Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng warning government agencies that "hostile forces" may try to disrupt the torch relay.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: Vietnam

text: The

text: event

text: was

text: held

text: in

text: Ho

text: Chi

text: Minh

text: City

text: on

text: April

text: Some

text: torchbearers

text: carried

text: the

text: torch

text: from

text: the

text: downtown

text: Opera

text: House

text: to

text: the

text: Military

text: Zone

text: Competition

text: Hall

text: stadium

text: near

text: Tan

text: Son

text: Nhat

text: International

text: Airport

text: along

text: an

text: undisclosed

text: route

text: Vietnam

text: is

text: involved

text: in

text: a

text: territorial

text: dispute

text: with

text: China

text: and

text: other

text: countries

text: for

text: sovereignty

text: of

text: the

text: Spratly

text: and

text: Paracel

text: Islands

text: tensions

text: have

text: risen

text: recently[when

text: following

text: reports

text: that

text: the

text: Chinese

text: government

text: had

text: established

text: a

text: county

text: level

text: city

text: named

text: Sansha

text: in

text: the

text: disputed

text: territories

text: resulting

text: in

text: anti

text: Chinese

text: demonstrations

text: in

text: December

text: in

text: Hanoi

text: and

text: Ho

text: Chi

text: Minh

text: City

text: However

text: to

text: sustain

text: its

text: relationship

text: with

text: China

text: the

text: Vietnamese

text: government

text: has

text: actively

text: sought

text: to

text: head

text: off

text: protests

text: during

text: the

text: torch

text: relay

text: with

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Nguyễn

text: Tấn

text: Dũng

text: warning

text: government

text: agencies

text: that

text: hostile

text: forces

text: may

text: try

text: to

text: disrupt

text: the

text: torch

text: relay

question: When did the torch arrive in Vietnam?

answer: April 29

text: April 29

question: Where was the torch event held in Vietnam?

answer: Ho Chi Minh City

text: Ho Chi Minh City

question: How many torchbearers carried the torch in Vietnam?

answer: 60

question: Where did the torch event begin in Vietnam?

answer: the downtown Opera House

text: the downtown Opera House

question: Where did the torch event end?

answer: the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium

text: the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium

question: Where was the torch event held in Vietnam?

answer: Ho Chi Minh City.

text: Ho Chi Minh City.

question: What areas are involved in the dispute between Vietnam and China?

answer: the Spratly and Paracel Islands

text: the Spratly and Paracel Islands

question: The Chinese government established what city in this disputed area?

answer: Sansha

text: Sansha

question: As a result, demonstrations were held in what two cities in December 2007?

answer: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.

text: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.

question: Who was the Prime Minister of Vietnam?

answer: Nguyễn Tấn Dũng

text: Nguyễn Tấn Dũng


text: Bermudians served in the British armed forces during both World War I and World War II. After the latter, Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert, Bermuda's highest-ranking soldier, was instrumental in developing the Bermuda Regiment. A number of other Bermudians and their descendants had preceded him into senior ranks, including Bahamian-born Admiral Lord Gambier, and Bermudian-born Royal Marines Brigadier Harvey. When promoted to Brigadier at age 39, following his wounding at the Anzio landings, Harvey became the youngest-ever Royal Marine Brigadier. The Cenotaph in front of the Cabinet Building (in Hamilton) was erected in tribute to Bermuda's Great War dead (the tribute was later extended to Bermuda's Second World War dead) and is the site of the annual Remembrance Day commemoration.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: Bermudians

text: served

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: armed

text: forces

text: during

text: both

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: and

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: After

text: the

text: latter

text: Major

text: General

text: Glyn

text: Charles

text: Anglim

text: Gilbert

text: Bermuda

text: 's

text: highest

text: ranking

text: soldier

text: was

text: instrumental

text: in

text: developing

text: the

text: Bermuda

text: Regiment

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: Bermudians

text: and

text: their

text: descendants

text: had

text: preceded

text: him

text: into

text: senior

text: ranks

text: including

text: Bahamian

text: born

text: Admiral

text: Lord

text: Gambier

text: and

text: Bermudian

text: born

text: Royal

text: Marines

text: Brigadier

text: Harvey

text: When

text: promoted

text: to

text: Brigadier

text: at

text: age

text: following

text: his

text: wounding

text: at

text: the

text: Anzio

text: landings

text: Harvey

text: became

text: the

text: youngest

text: ever

text: Royal

text: Marine

text: Brigadier

text: The

text: Cenotaph

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: Cabinet

text: Building

text: in

text: Hamilton

text: was

text: erected

text: in

text: tribute

text: to

text: Bermuda

text: 's

text: Great

text: War

text: dead

text: the

text: tribute

text: was

text: later

text: extended

text: to

text: Bermuda

text: 's

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: dead

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: annual

text: Remembrance

text: Day

text: commemoration

question: When did Bermudians serve in the British Armed forces?

answer: World War I and World War II

text: World War I and World War II

question: Who was key to establishing Bermuda's Regiment?

answer: Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert

text: Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert

question: Who was the youngest Royal Marine Brigadier?

answer: Brigadier Harvey

text: Brigadier Harvey

question: What is the site for Bermuda's Remembrance Day?

answer: Cenotaph in front of the Cabinet Building

text: Cenotaph in front of the Cabinet Building


text: The content including match outcomes is choreographed and the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain. These facts were once kept highly secret, but they are now openly declared as the truth. By and large, the true nature of the content is ignored by the performing promotion in official media in order to sustain and promote the willing suspension of disbelief for the audience by maintaining an aura of verisimilitude. Fan communications by individual wrestlers and promotions through outside media (i.e., interviews) will often directly acknowledge the fictional nature of the spectacle.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: The

text: content

text: including

text: match

text: outcomes

text: is

text: choreographed

text: and

text: the

text: combative

text: actions

text: and

text: reactions

text: are

text: executed

text: in

text: special

text: manners

text: designed

text: to

text: both

text: protect

text: from

text: yet

text: simulate

text: pain

text: These

text: facts

text: were

text: once

text: kept

text: highly

text: secret

text: but

text: they

text: are

text: now

text: openly

text: declared

text: as

text: the

text: truth

text: By

text: and

text: large

text: the

text: true

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: content

text: is

text: ignored

text: by

text: the

text: performing

text: promotion

text: in

text: official

text: media

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: sustain

text: and

text: promote

text: the

text: willing

text: suspension

text: of

text: disbelief

text: for

text: the

text: audience

text: by

text: maintaining

text: an

text: aura

text: of

text: verisimilitude

text: Fan

text: communications

text: by

text: individual

text: wrestlers

text: and

text: promotions

text: through

text: outside

text: media

text: i.e.

text: interviews

text: will

text: often

text: directly

text: acknowledge

text: the

text: fictional

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: spectacle

question: How are the actions conducted?

answer: the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain

text: the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain

question: What are the fan encouraged to do?

answer: willing suspension of disbelief for the audience

text: willing suspension of disbelief for the audience

question: How is the end result of the match planned out?

answer: match outcomes is choreographed

text: match outcomes is choreographed

question: What do wrestlers have to say about the realness or fakeness of the matches?

answer: will often directly acknowledge the fictional nature of the spectacle.

text: will often directly acknowledge the fictional nature of the spectacle.


text: In May 2008, the National Archives announced a five-year agreement to digitize selected records including the complete U.S. Federal Census Collection, 1790–1930, passenger lists from 1820–1960 and WWI and WWII draft registration cards. The partnership agreement allows for exclusive use of the digitized records by Ancestry.com for a 5-year embargo period at which point the digital records will be turned over to the National Archives.

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: In

text: May

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: announced

text: a

text: five

text: year

text: agreement

text: to

text: digitize

text: selected

text: records

text: including

text: the

text: complete

text: U.S.

text: Federal

text: Census

text: Collection

text: passenger

text: lists

text: from

text: and

text: WWI

text: and

text: WWII

text: draft

text: registration

text: cards

text: The

text: partnership

text: agreement

text: allows

text: for

text: exclusive

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: digitized

text: records

text: by

text: Ancestry.com

text: for

text: a

text: embargo

text: period

text: at

text: which

text: point

text: the

text: digital

text: records

text: will

text: be

text: turned

text: over

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

question: What did the National Archives announce in May of 2008?

answer: digitize selected records including the complete U.S. Federal Census Collection

text: digitize selected records including the complete U.S. Federal Census Collection

question: Which genealogy website benefits by the May 2008 announcement?

answer: Ancestry.com

text: Ancestry.com

question: What happens after the 5 year embargo that allows Ancestry.com exclusive use of digitized records?

answer: turned over to the National Archives

text: turned over to the National Archives


text: By the beginning of the 20th century, the city's population had reached 85,050 in 5 square miles (13 km2), making it the most densely populated city in the Southern United States. In 1900, the Census Bureau reported Richmond's population as 62.1% white and 37.9% black. Freed slaves and their descendants created a thriving African-American business community, and the city's historic Jackson Ward became known as the "Wall Street of Black America." In 1903, African-American businesswoman and financier Maggie L. Walker chartered St. Luke Penny Savings Bank, and served as its first president, as well as the first female bank president in the United States. Today, the bank is called the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company, and it is the oldest surviving African-American bank in the U.S. Other figures from this time included John Mitchell, Jr. In 1910, the former city of Manchester was consolidated with the city of Richmond, and in 1914, the city annexed Barton Heights, Ginter Park, and Highland Park areas of Henrico County. In May 1914, Richmond became the headquarters of the Fifth District of the Federal Reserve Bank.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: By

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: had

text: reached

text: in

text: square

text: miles

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: densely

text: populated

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: United

text: States

text: In

text: the

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: reported

text: Richmond

text: 's

text: population

text: as

text: white

text: and

text: black

text: Freed

text: slaves

text: and

text: their

text: descendants

text: created

text: a

text: thriving

text: African

text: American

text: business

text: community

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: historic

text: Jackson

text: Ward

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Wall

text: Street

text: of

text: Black

text: America

text: In

text: African

text: American

text: businesswoman

text: and

text: financier

text: Maggie

text: L.

text: Walker

text: chartered

text: St.

text: Luke

text: Penny

text: Savings

text: Bank

text: and

text: served

text: as

text: its

text: first

text: president

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: female

text: bank

text: president

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Today

text: the

text: bank

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: Consolidated

text: Bank

text: and

text: Trust

text: Company

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: surviving

text: African

text: American

text: bank

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Other

text: figures

text: from

text: this

text: time

text: included

text: John

text: Mitchell

text: Jr.

text: In

text: the

text: former

text: city

text: of

text: Manchester

text: was

text: consolidated

text: with

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Richmond

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: annexed

text: Barton

text: Heights

text: Ginter

text: Park

text: and

text: Highland

text: Park

text: areas

text: of

text: Henrico

text: County

text: In

text: May

text: Richmond

text: became

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: Fifth

text: District

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: Reserve

text: Bank

question: When the 1900s began, how many people lived in Richmond?

answer: 85,050

question: How many square kilometers was Richmond at the start of the 20th century?

answer: 13

question: What percentage of Richmond's 1900 population was African American?

answer: 37.9

question: What was another name for Richmond's Jackson Ward?

answer: Wall Street of Black America

text: Wall Street of Black America

question: Who was the inaugural president of the St. Luke Penny Savings Bank?

answer: Maggie L. Walker

text: Maggie L. Walker


text: Dietary deficiencies in developing countries can be combated by promoting better eating practices. Supplementation with vitamin A and/or zinc. Zinc supplementation proved successful showing a significant decrease in the incidence of diarrheal disease compared to a control group. The majority of the literature suggests that vitamin A supplementation is advantageous in reducing disease incidence. Development of a supplementation strategy should take into consideration the fact that vitamin A supplementation was less effective in reducing diarrhea incidence when compared to vitamin A and zinc supplementation, and that the latter strategy was estimated to be significantly more cost effective.

title: Diarrhea

title: Diarrhea

text: Dietary

text: deficiencies

text: in

text: developing

text: countries

text: can

text: be

text: combated

text: by

text: promoting

text: better

text: eating

text: practices

text: Supplementation

text: with

text: vitamin

text: A

text: and/or

text: zinc

text: Zinc

text: supplementation

text: proved

text: successful

text: showing

text: a

text: significant

text: decrease

text: in

text: the

text: incidence

text: of

text: diarrheal

text: disease

text: compared

text: to

text: a

text: control

text: group

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: literature

text: suggests

text: that

text: vitamin

text: A

text: supplementation

text: is

text: advantageous

text: in

text: reducing

text: disease

text: incidence

text: Development

text: of

text: a

text: supplementation

text: strategy

text: should

text: take

text: into

text: consideration

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: vitamin

text: A

text: supplementation

text: was

text: less

text: effective

text: in

text: reducing

text: diarrhea

text: incidence

text: when

text: compared

text: to

text: vitamin

text: A

text: and

text: zinc

text: supplementation

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: latter

text: strategy

text: was

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: significantly

text: more

text: cost

text: effective

question: What can be done to combate dietary deficiences?

answer: promoting better eating practices

text: promoting better eating practices

question: What has been used and shown successful in a decrease in incidence of diarrheal disease?

answer: Zinc

text: Zinc

question: WHat strategy was found out to be more cost effective?

answer: zinc supplementation

text: zinc supplementation


text: In Canada, "college" generally refers to a two-year, non-degree-granting institution, while "university" connotes a four-year, degree-granting institution. Universities may be sub-classified (as in the Macleans rankings) into large research universities with many PhD granting programs and medical schools (for example, McGill University); "comprehensive" universities that have some PhDs but aren't geared toward research (such as Waterloo); and smaller, primarily undergraduate universities (such as St. Francis Xavier).

title: University

title: University

text: In

text: Canada

text: college

text: generally

text: refers

text: to

text: a

text: two

text: year

text: non

text: degree

text: granting

text: institution

text: while

text: university

text: connotes

text: a

text: four

text: year

text: degree

text: granting

text: institution

text: Universities

text: may

text: be

text: sub

text: classified

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: Macleans

text: rankings

text: into

text: large

text: research

text: universities

text: with

text: many

text: PhD

text: granting

text: programs

text: and

text: medical

text: schools

text: for

text: example

text: McGill

text: University

text: comprehensive

text: universities

text: that

text: have

text: some

text: PhDs

text: but

text: are

text: n't

text: geared

text: toward

text: research

text: such

text: as

text: Waterloo

text: and

text: smaller

text: primarily

text: undergraduate

text: universities

text: such

text: as

text: St.

text: Francis

text: Xavier

question: A college teaches students for how many years in Canada?

answer: two

text: two

question: What type of institution is a college in Canada?

answer: non-degree-granting

text: non-degree-granting

question: How many years does a degree-granting university in Canada spend teaching students?

answer: four

text: four

question: What is McGill University in Canada an example of?

answer: medical schools

text: medical schools

question: What type of university is St Francis Xavier in Canada?

answer: undergraduate

text: undergraduate


text: Municipalities (Gemeinden): Every rural district and every Amt is subdivided into municipalities, while every urban district is a municipality in its own right. There are (as of 6 March 2009[update]) 12,141 municipalities, which are the smallest administrative units in Germany. Cities and towns are municipalities as well, also having city rights or town rights (Stadtrechte). Nowadays, this is mostly just the right to be called a city or town. However, in former times there were many other privileges, including the right to impose local taxes or to allow industry only within city limits.

title: States_of_Germany

title: States_of_Germany

text: Municipalities

text: Gemeinden

text: Every

text: rural

text: district

text: and

text: every

text: Amt

text: is

text: subdivided

text: into

text: municipalities

text: while

text: every

text: urban

text: district

text: is

text: a

text: municipality

text: in

text: its

text: own

text: right

text: There

text: are

text: as

text: of

text: March

text: municipalities

text: which

text: are

text: the

text: smallest

text: administrative

text: units

text: in

text: Germany

text: Cities

text: and

text: towns

text: are

text: municipalities

text: as

text: well

text: also

text: having

text: city

text: rights

text: or

text: town

text: rights

text: Stadtrechte

text: Nowadays

text: this

text: is

text: mostly

text: just

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: be

text: called

text: a

text: city

text: or

text: town

text: However

text: in

text: former

text: times

text: there

text: were

text: many

text: other

text: privileges

text: including

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: impose

text: local

text: taxes

text: or

text: to

text: allow

text: industry

text: only

text: within

text: city

text: limits

question: Every rural district is subdivided into what?

answer: municipalities

text: municipalities

question: Every urban district is what in its own right?

answer: municipality

text: municipality

question: How many municipalities are there?

answer: 12,141

question: What is the smallest administrative unit in Germany?

answer: a municipality

text: a municipality

question: What are town rights called?

answer: Stadtrechte

text: Stadtrechte


text: Diaz's plans called for the entire city to eventually be modernized or rebuilt in the Porfirian/French style of the Colonia Roma; but the Mexican Revolution began soon afterward and the plans never came to fruition, with many projects being left half-completed. One of the best examples of this is the Monument to the Mexican Revolution. Originally the monument was to be the main dome of Diaz's new senate hall, but when the revolution erupted only the dome of the senate hall and its supporting pillars were completed, this was subsequently seen as a symbol by many Mexicans that the Porfirian era was over once and for all and as such, it was turned into a monument to victory over Diaz.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: Diaz

text: 's

text: plans

text: called

text: for

text: the

text: entire

text: city

text: to

text: eventually

text: be

text: modernized

text: or

text: rebuilt

text: in

text: the

text: Porfirian

text: French

text: style

text: of

text: the

text: Colonia

text: Roma

text: but

text: the

text: Mexican

text: Revolution

text: began

text: soon

text: afterward

text: and

text: the

text: plans

text: never

text: came

text: to

text: fruition

text: with

text: many

text: projects

text: being

text: left

text: half

text: completed

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: examples

text: of

text: this

text: is

text: the

text: Monument

text: to

text: the

text: Mexican

text: Revolution

text: Originally

text: the

text: monument

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: main

text: dome

text: of

text: Diaz

text: 's

text: new

text: senate

text: hall

text: but

text: when

text: the

text: revolution

text: erupted

text: only

text: the

text: dome

text: of

text: the

text: senate

text: hall

text: and

text: its

text: supporting

text: pillars

text: were

text: completed

text: this

text: was

text: subsequently

text: seen

text: as

text: a

text: symbol

text: by

text: many

text: Mexicans

text: that

text: the

text: Porfirian

text: era

text: was

text: over

text: once

text: and

text: for

text: all

text: and

text: as

text: such

text: it

text: was

text: turned

text: into

text: a

text: monument

text: to

text: victory

text: over

text: Diaz

question: What was turned into a monument after the war?

answer: the main dome of Diaz's new senate hall

text: the main dome of Diaz's new senate hall

question: Who was the man behind the modernization of Mexico City?

answer: Diaz

text: Diaz

question: Why wasn't Diaz's plan completed?

answer: the Mexican Revolution

text: the Mexican Revolution

question: What was the overall design plan of Mexico City?

answer: Porfirian/French style

text: Porfirian/French style

question: What was the main construction project in the Profirian/French style?

answer: Colonia Roma

text: Colonia Roma


text: Utrecht city has an active cultural life, and in the Netherlands is second only to Amsterdam. There are several theatres and theatre companies. The 1941 main city theatre was built by Dudok. Besides theatres there is a large number of cinemas including three arthouse cinemas. Utrecht is host to the international Early Music Festival (Festival Oude Muziek, for music before 1800) and the Netherlands Film Festival. The city has an important classical music hall Vredenburg (1979 by Herman Hertzberger). Its acoustics are considered among the best of the 20th-century original music halls.[citation needed] The original Vredenburg music hall has been redeveloped as part of the larger station area redevelopment plan and in 2014 has gained additional halls that allowed its merger with the rock club Tivoli and the SJU jazzpodium. There are several other venues for music throughout the city. Young musicians are educated in the conservatory, a department of the Utrecht School of the Arts. There is a specialised museum of automatically playing musical instruments.

title: Utrecht

title: Utrecht

text: Utrecht

text: city

text: has

text: an

text: active

text: cultural

text: life

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: is

text: second

text: only

text: to

text: Amsterdam

text: There

text: are

text: several

text: theatres

text: and

text: theatre

text: companies

text: The

text: main

text: city

text: theatre

text: was

text: built

text: by

text: Dudok

text: Besides

text: theatres

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: cinemas

text: including

text: three

text: arthouse

text: cinemas

text: Utrecht

text: is

text: host

text: to

text: the

text: international

text: Early

text: Music

text: Festival

text: Festival

text: Oude

text: Muziek

text: for

text: music

text: before

text: and

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Film

text: Festival

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: an

text: important

text: classical

text: music

text: hall

text: Vredenburg

text: by

text: Herman

text: Hertzberger

text: Its

text: acoustics

text: are

text: considered

text: among

text: the

text: best

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: original

text: music

text: halls.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: original

text: Vredenburg

text: music

text: hall

text: has

text: been

text: redeveloped

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: larger

text: station

text: area

text: redevelopment

text: plan

text: and

text: in

text: has

text: gained

text: additional

text: halls

text: that

text: allowed

text: its

text: merger

text: with

text: the

text: rock

text: club

text: Tivoli

text: and

text: the

text: SJU

text: jazzpodium

text: There

text: are

text: several

text: other

text: venues

text: for

text: music

text: throughout

text: the

text: city

text: Young

text: musicians

text: are

text: educated

text: in

text: the

text: conservatory

text: a

text: department

text: of

text: the

text: Utrecht

text: School

text: of

text: the

text: Arts

text: There

text: is

text: a

text: specialised

text: museum

text: of

text: automatically

text: playing

text: musical

text: instruments

question: Cultural life in Utrecht is second to

answer: Utrecht city has an active cultural life, and in the Netherlands is second only to Amsterdam

text: Utrecht city has an active cultural life, and in the Netherlands is second only to Amsterdam

question: What music festival does Utrecht host

answer: Utrecht is host to the international Early Music Festival (Festival Oude Muziek, for music before 1800) and the Netherlands Film Festival

text: Utrecht is host to the international Early Music Festival (Festival Oude Muziek, for music before 1800) and the Netherlands Film Festival

question: What is the name of the music hall

answer: The city has an important classical music hall Vredenburg

text: The city has an important classical music hall Vredenburg

question: Where are music students educated

answer: Young musicians are educated in the conservatory, a department of the Utrecht School of the Arts

text: Young musicians are educated in the conservatory, a department of the Utrecht School of the Arts


text: The Permian–Triassic extinction event, which was a prolonged event due to the accumulation of several extinction pulses, ended the dominance of the carnivores among the therapsids. In the early Triassic, all the medium to large land carnivore niches were taken over by archosaurs which, over an extended period of time (35 million years), came to include the crocodylomorphs, the pterosaurs, and the dinosaurs. By the Jurassic, the dinosaurs had come to dominate the large terrestrial herbivore niches as well.

title: Mammal

title: Mammal

text: The

text: Permian

text: Triassic

text: extinction

text: event

text: which

text: was

text: a

text: prolonged

text: event

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: accumulation

text: of

text: several

text: extinction

text: pulses

text: ended

text: the

text: dominance

text: of

text: the

text: carnivores

text: among

text: the

text: therapsids

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: Triassic

text: all

text: the

text: medium

text: to

text: large

text: land

text: carnivore

text: niches

text: were

text: taken

text: over

text: by

text: archosaurs

text: which

text: over

text: an

text: extended

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: million

text: years

text: came

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: crocodylomorphs

text: the

text: pterosaurs

text: and

text: the

text: dinosaurs

text: By

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: the

text: dinosaurs

text: had

text: come

text: to

text: dominate

text: the

text: large

text: terrestrial

text: herbivore

text: niches

text: as

text: well

question: What was the name of extinction level event that ended the dominance of the carnivores among therapsids?

answer: Permian–Triassic

text: Permian–Triassic

question: During which time period did archosaurs begin to take over as the dominant carnivore?

answer: Triassic

text: Triassic

question: Which three groups did the early Triassic period consist of?

answer: crocodylomorphs, the pterosaurs, and the dinosaurs

text: crocodylomorphs, the pterosaurs, and the dinosaurs

question: During the Jurassic period which group came out as the most dominate for both carnivores and herbivores?

answer: dinosaurs

text: dinosaurs


text: The Polish scholar Jan Baudouin de Courtenay (together with his former student Mikołaj Kruszewski) introduced the concept of the phoneme in 1876, and his work, though often unacknowledged, is considered to be the starting point of modern phonology. He also worked on the theory of phonetic alternations (what is now called allophony and morphophonology), and had a significant influence on the work of Ferdinand de Saussure.

title: Phonology

title: Phonology

text: The

text: Polish

text: scholar

text: Jan

text: Baudouin

text: de

text: Courtenay

text: together

text: with

text: his

text: former

text: student

text: Mikołaj

text: Kruszewski

text: introduced

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: the

text: phoneme

text: in

text: and

text: his

text: work

text: though

text: often

text: unacknowledged

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: starting

text: point

text: of

text: modern

text: phonology

text: He

text: also

text: worked

text: on

text: the

text: theory

text: of

text: phonetic

text: alternations

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: called

text: allophony

text: and

text: morphophonology

text: and

text: had

text: a

text: significant

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Ferdinand

text: de

text: Saussure

question: When was the phoneme as a concept introduced?

answer: 1876

question: Who was Jan Baudouin de Courtenay's student?

answer: Mikołaj Kruszewski

text: Mikołaj Kruszewski

question: What nationality was de Courtenay?

answer: Polish

text: Polish

question: What was de Courtenay's profession?

answer: scholar

text: scholar

question: Who was influenced by  Jan Baudouin de Courtenay?

answer: Ferdinand de Saussure

text: Ferdinand de Saussure


text: Kerry was born in Aurora, Colorado and attended boarding school in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. He graduated from Yale University class of 1966 with a political science major. Kerry enlisted in the Naval Reserve in 1966, and during 1968–1969 served an abbreviated four-month tour of duty in South Vietnam as officer-in-charge (OIC) of a Swift Boat. For that service, he was awarded combat medals that include the Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal, and three Purple Heart Medals. Securing an early return to the United States, Kerry joined the Vietnam Veterans Against the War organization in which he served as a nationally recognized spokesman and as an outspoken opponent of the Vietnam War. He appeared in the Fulbright Hearings before the Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs where he deemed United States war policy in Vietnam to be the cause of war crimes.

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: Kerry

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Aurora

text: Colorado

text: and

text: attended

text: boarding

text: school

text: in

text: Massachusetts

text: and

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: He

text: graduated

text: from

text: Yale

text: University

text: class

text: of

text: with

text: a

text: political

text: science

text: major

text: Kerry

text: enlisted

text: in

text: the

text: Naval

text: Reserve

text: in

text: and

text: during

text: served

text: an

text: abbreviated

text: four

text: month

text: tour

text: of

text: duty

text: in

text: South

text: Vietnam

text: as

text: officer

text: in

text: charge

text: OIC

text: of

text: a

text: Swift

text: Boat

text: For

text: that

text: service

text: he

text: was

text: awarded

text: combat

text: medals

text: that

text: include

text: the

text: Silver

text: Star

text: Medal

text: Bronze

text: Star

text: Medal

text: and

text: three

text: Purple

text: Heart

text: Medals

text: Securing

text: an

text: early

text: return

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Kerry

text: joined

text: the

text: Vietnam

text: Veterans

text: Against

text: the

text: War

text: organization

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: nationally

text: recognized

text: spokesman

text: and

text: as

text: an

text: outspoken

text: opponent

text: of

text: the

text: Vietnam

text: War

text: He

text: appeared

text: in

text: the

text: Fulbright

text: Hearings

text: before

text: the

text: Senate

text: Committee

text: on

text: Foreign

text: Affairs

text: where

text: he

text: deemed

text: United

text: States

text: war

text: policy

text: in

text: Vietnam

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: war

text: crimes

question: What was Kerry's major?

answer: political science

text: political science

question: Where did Kerry go to college?

answer: Yale University

text: Yale University

question: What branch of the military did Kerry join?

answer: Naval Reserve

text: Naval Reserve

question: What medals did Kerry win?

answer: the Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal, and three Purple Heart Medals

text: the Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal, and three Purple Heart Medals

question: What group was Kerry a spokesman for?

answer: Vietnam Veterans Against the War

text: Vietnam Veterans Against the War