text: The Third (1919–23) and Fourth Aliyahs (1924–29) brought an additional 100,000 Jews to Palestine. Finally, the rise of Nazism and the increasing persecution of Jews in 1930s Europe led to the Fifth Aliyah, with an influx of a quarter of a million Jews. This was a major cause of the Arab revolt of 1936–39 during which the British Mandate authorities alongside the Zionist militias of Haganah and Irgun killed 5,032 Arabs and wounded 14,760, resulting in over ten percent of the adult male Palestinian Arab population killed, wounded, imprisoned or exiled. The British introduced restrictions on Jewish immigration to Palestine with the White Paper of 1939. With countries around the world turning away Jewish refugees fleeing the Holocaust, a clandestine movement known as Aliyah Bet was organized to bring Jews to Palestine. By the end of World War II, the Jewish population of Palestine had increased to 33% of the total population. On July 22, 1946, Irgun attacked the British administrative headquarters for Palestine, which was housed in the southern wing of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem. 91 people of various nationalities were killed and 46 were injured. The hotel was the site of the central offices of the British Mandatory authorities of Palestine, principally the Secretariat of the Government of Palestine and the Headquarters of the British Armed Forces in Palestine and Transjordan. The attack initially had the approval of the Haganah (the principal Jewish paramilitary group in Palestine). It was conceived as a response to Operation Agatha (a series of widespread raids, including one on the Jewish Agency, conducted by the British authorities) and was the deadliest directed at the British during the Mandate era (1920–1948).

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: The

text: Third

text: and

text: Fourth

text: Aliyahs

text: brought

text: an

text: additional

text: Jews

text: to

text: Palestine

text: Finally

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: Nazism

text: and

text: the

text: increasing

text: persecution

text: of

text: Jews

text: in

text: Europe

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: Fifth

text: Aliyah

text: with

text: an

text: influx

text: of

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: a

text: million

text: Jews

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: major

text: cause

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: revolt

text: of

text: during

text: which

text: the

text: British

text: Mandate

text: authorities

text: alongside

text: the

text: Zionist

text: militias

text: of

text: Haganah

text: and

text: Irgun

text: killed

text: Arabs

text: and

text: wounded

text: resulting

text: in

text: over

text: ten

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: adult

text: male

text: Palestinian

text: Arab

text: population

text: killed

text: wounded

text: imprisoned

text: or

text: exiled

text: The

text: British

text: introduced

text: restrictions

text: on

text: Jewish

text: immigration

text: to

text: Palestine

text: with

text: the

text: White

text: Paper

text: of

text: With

text: countries

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: turning

text: away

text: Jewish

text: refugees

text: fleeing

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: a

text: clandestine

text: movement

text: known

text: as

text: Aliyah

text: Bet

text: was

text: organized

text: to

text: bring

text: Jews

text: to

text: Palestine

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: the

text: Jewish

text: population

text: of

text: Palestine

text: had

text: increased

text: to

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: population

text: On

text: July

text: Irgun

text: attacked

text: the

text: British

text: administrative

text: headquarters

text: for

text: Palestine

text: which

text: was

text: housed

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: wing

text: of

text: the

text: King

text: David

text: Hotel

text: in

text: Jerusalem

text: people

text: of

text: various

text: nationalities

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: were

text: injured

text: The

text: hotel

text: was

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: central

text: offices

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Mandatory

text: authorities

text: of

text: Palestine

text: principally

text: the

text: Secretariat

text: of

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: Palestine

text: and

text: the

text: Headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: in

text: Palestine

text: and

text: Transjordan

text: The

text: attack

text: initially

text: had

text: the

text: approval

text: of

text: the

text: Haganah

text: the

text: principal

text: Jewish

text: paramilitary

text: group

text: in

text: Palestine

text: It

text: was

text: conceived

text: as

text: a

text: response

text: to

text: Operation

text: Agatha

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: widespread

text: raids

text: including

text: one

text: on

text: the

text: Jewish

text: Agency

text: conducted

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: authorities

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: deadliest

text: directed

text: at

text: the

text: British

text: during

text: the

text: Mandate

text: era

question: How many Jews did the Third and Fourth Aliyahs bring to Palestine?

answer: 100,000

question: When did Irgun attack the British administrative headquarters?

answer: July 22, 1946

text: July 22, 1946

question: What was the Jewish population in Palestine by the end of World War II?

answer: 33%


text: However, the lifecycles of most living polychaetes, which are almost all marine animals, are unknown, and only about 25% of the 300+ species whose lifecycles are known follow this pattern. About 14% use a similar external fertilization but produce yolk-rich eggs, which reduce the time the larva needs to spend among the plankton, or eggs from which miniature adults emerge rather than larvae. The rest care for the fertilized eggs until they hatch – some by producing jelly-covered masses of eggs which they tend, some by attaching the eggs to their bodies and a few species by keeping the eggs within their bodies until they hatch. These species use a variety of methods for sperm transfer; for example, in some the females collect sperm released into the water, while in others the males have a penis that inject sperm into the female. There is no guarantee that this is a representative sample of polychaetes' reproductive patterns, and it simply reflects scientists' current knowledge.

title: Annelid

title: Annelid

text: However

text: the

text: lifecycles

text: of

text: most

text: living

text: polychaetes

text: which

text: are

text: almost

text: all

text: marine

text: animals

text: are

text: unknown

text: and

text: only

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: species

text: whose

text: lifecycles

text: are

text: known

text: follow

text: this

text: pattern

text: About

text: use

text: a

text: similar

text: external

text: fertilization

text: but

text: produce

text: yolk

text: rich

text: eggs

text: which

text: reduce

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: larva

text: needs

text: to

text: spend

text: among

text: the

text: plankton

text: or

text: eggs

text: from

text: which

text: miniature

text: adults

text: emerge

text: rather

text: than

text: larvae

text: The

text: rest

text: care

text: for

text: the

text: fertilized

text: eggs

text: until

text: they

text: hatch

text: some

text: by

text: producing

text: jelly

text: covered

text: masses

text: of

text: eggs

text: which

text: they

text: tend

text: some

text: by

text: attaching

text: the

text: eggs

text: to

text: their

text: bodies

text: and

text: a

text: few

text: species

text: by

text: keeping

text: the

text: eggs

text: within

text: their

text: bodies

text: until

text: they

text: hatch

text: These

text: species

text: use

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: methods

text: for

text: sperm

text: transfer

text: for

text: example

text: in

text: some

text: the

text: females

text: collect

text: sperm

text: released

text: into

text: the

text: water

text: while

text: in

text: others

text: the

text: males

text: have

text: a

text: penis

text: that

text: inject

text: sperm

text: into

text: the

text: female

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: guarantee

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: representative

text: sample

text: of

text: polychaetes

text: reproductive

text: patterns

text: and

text: it

text: simply

text: reflects

text: scientists

text: current

text: knowledge

question: How many species of polychaetes have known lifecycles?

answer: about 25%

text: about 25%

question: What percent of polychaetes produce yolk-rich eggs?

answer: 14%

question: What is the benefit of yolk-rich eggs?

answer: reduce the time the larva needs to spend among the plankton

text: reduce the time the larva needs to spend among the plankton

question: What are most polychaetes' eggs covered in?

answer: jelly

text: jelly


text: Arizona, south of the Gila River was legally bought from Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase on June 8, 1854. Tucson became a part of the United States of America, although the American military did not formally take over control until March 1856. In 1857 Tucson became a stage station on the San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line and in 1858 became 3rd division headquarters of the Butterfield Overland Mail until the line shut down in March 1861. The Overland Mail Corporation attempted to continue running, however following the Bascom Affair, devastating Apache attacks on the stations and coaches ended operations in August 1861.[citation needed]

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Arizona

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Gila

text: River

text: was

text: legally

text: bought

text: from

text: Mexico

text: in

text: the

text: Gadsden

text: Purchase

text: on

text: June

text: Tucson

text: became

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: although

text: the

text: American

text: military

text: did

text: not

text: formally

text: take

text: over

text: control

text: until

text: March

text: In

text: Tucson

text: became

text: a

text: stage

text: station

text: on

text: the

text: San

text: Antonio

text: San

text: Diego

text: Mail

text: Line

text: and

text: in

text: became

text: division

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: Butterfield

text: Overland

text: Mail

text: until

text: the

text: line

text: shut

text: down

text: in

text: March

text: The

text: Overland

text: Mail

text: Corporation

text: attempted

text: to

text: continue

text: running

text: however

text: following

text: the

text: Bascom

text: Affair

text: devastating

text: Apache

text: attacks

text: on

text: the

text: stations

text: and

text: coaches

text: ended

text: operations

text: in

text: August

text: needed

question: What was the date when Arizona was bought?

answer: June 8, 1854

text: June 8, 1854

question: What year did the Overland Mail Corporation end operations?

answer: 1861

question: Arizona is south of which river?

answer: Gila River

text: Gila River

question: What was the name of the deal in which Arizona was bought?

answer: Gadsden Purchase

text: Gadsden Purchase

question: In what year did Tuscon become a stage station?

answer: 1857

question: When was the Gadsden Purchase?

answer: June 8, 1854

text: June 8, 1854

question: Where did the US buy land from in the Gadsden Purchase?

answer: Mexico

text: Mexico

question: When did the US formally take control of the Tucson area?

answer: March 1856

text: March 1856

question: When did the mail stagecoaches stop running?

answer: August 1861

text: August 1861

question: Why did the mail stagecoaches stop running?

answer: devastating Apache attacks on the stations and coaches

text: devastating Apache attacks on the stations and coaches


text: In addition, LaserDisc videos sometimes exhibit a problem known as "crosstalk". The issue can arise when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped, but it could also occur even with a properly functioning player and a factory-new disc, depending on electrical and mechanical alignment problems. In these instances, the issue arose due to the fact that CLV discs require subtle changes in rotating speed at various points during playback. During a change in speed, the optical pickup inside the player might read video information from a track adjacent to the intended one, causing data from the two tracks to "cross"; the extra video information picked up from that second track shows up as distortion in the picture which looks reminiscent of swirling "barber poles" or rolling lines of static.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: In

text: addition

text: LaserDisc

text: videos

text: sometimes

text: exhibit

text: a

text: problem

text: known

text: as

text: crosstalk

text: The

text: issue

text: can

text: arise

text: when

text: the

text: laser

text: optical

text: pickup

text: assembly

text: within

text: the

text: player

text: is

text: out

text: of

text: alignment

text: or

text: because

text: the

text: disc

text: is

text: damaged

text: or

text: excessively

text: warped

text: but

text: it

text: could

text: also

text: occur

text: even

text: with

text: a

text: properly

text: functioning

text: player

text: and

text: a

text: factory

text: new

text: disc

text: depending

text: on

text: electrical

text: and

text: mechanical

text: alignment

text: problems

text: In

text: these

text: instances

text: the

text: issue

text: arose

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: CLV

text: discs

text: require

text: subtle

text: changes

text: in

text: rotating

text: speed

text: at

text: various

text: points

text: during

text: playback

text: During

text: a

text: change

text: in

text: speed

text: the

text: optical

text: pickup

text: inside

text: the

text: player

text: might

text: read

text: video

text: information

text: from

text: a

text: track

text: adjacent

text: to

text: the

text: intended

text: one

text: causing

text: data

text: from

text: the

text: two

text: tracks

text: to

text: cross

text: the

text: extra

text: video

text: information

text: picked

text: up

text: from

text: that

text: second

text: track

text: shows

text: up

text: as

text: distortion

text: in

text: the

text: picture

text: which

text: looks

text: reminiscent

text: of

text: swirling

text: barber

text: poles

text: or

text: rolling

text: lines

text: of

text: static

question: When does "crosstalk" occur?

answer: when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped

text: when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped

question: What problem can be caused by a player becoming out of alignment?

answer: "crosstalk"

text: "crosstalk"

question: How does "crosstalk" appear to the viewer?

answer: swirling "barber poles" or rolling lines of static

text: swirling "barber poles" or rolling lines of static


text: Firmware is the technology which has the combination of both hardware and software such as BIOS chip inside a computer. This chip (hardware) is located on the motherboard and has the BIOS set up (software) stored in it.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: Firmware

text: is

text: the

text: technology

text: which

text: has

text: the

text: combination

text: of

text: both

text: hardware

text: and

text: software

text: such

text: as

text: BIOS

text: chip

text: inside

text: a

text: computer

text: This

text: chip

text: hardware

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: motherboard

text: and

text: has

text: the

text: BIOS

text: set

text: up

text: software

text: stored

text: in

text: it

question: A BIOS chip is located where in a computer?

answer: the motherboard

text: the motherboard

question: What type of software is stored in a BIOS chip?

answer: BIOS set up

text: BIOS set up


text: Tucson's largest park, Reid Park, is located in midtown and includes Reid Park Zoo and Hi Corbett Field. Speedway Boulevard, a major east-west arterial road in central Tucson, was named the "ugliest street in America" by Life magazine in the early 1970s, quoting Tucson Mayor James Corbett. Despite this, Speedway Boulevard was awarded "Street of the Year" by Arizona Highways in the late 1990s. According to David Leighton, historical writer for the Arizona Daily Star newspaper, Speedway Boulevard derives its name from an old horse racetrack, known as "The Harlem River Speedway," more commonly called "The Speedway," in New York City. The street was called "The Speedway," from 1904 to about 1906 before the word "The" was taken out.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Tucson

text: 's

text: largest

text: park

text: Reid

text: Park

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: midtown

text: and

text: includes

text: Reid

text: Park

text: Zoo

text: and

text: Hi

text: Corbett

text: Field

text: Speedway

text: Boulevard

text: a

text: major

text: east

text: west

text: arterial

text: road

text: in

text: central

text: Tucson

text: was

text: named

text: the

text: ugliest

text: street

text: in

text: America

text: by

text: Life

text: magazine

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: quoting

text: Tucson

text: Mayor

text: James

text: Corbett

text: Despite

text: this

text: Speedway

text: Boulevard

text: was

text: awarded

text: Street

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: by

text: Arizona

text: Highways

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: According

text: to

text: David

text: Leighton

text: historical

text: writer

text: for

text: the

text: Arizona

text: Daily

text: Star

text: newspaper

text: Speedway

text: Boulevard

text: derives

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: an

text: old

text: horse

text: racetrack

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Harlem

text: River

text: Speedway

text: more

text: commonly

text: called

text: The

text: Speedway

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: The

text: street

text: was

text: called

text: The

text: Speedway

text: from

text: to

text: about

text: before

text: the

text: word

text: The

text: was

text: taken

text: out

question: What is Tuscon's largest Park?

answer: Reid Park

text: Reid Park

question: What was once named the "ugliest street in America" by Life magazine?

answer: Speedway Boulevard

text: Speedway Boulevard

question: What mayor was quoted in calling Speedway Boulevard "the ugliest street in America?

answer: James Corbett

text: James Corbett

question: Which newspaper did David Leighton work for?

answer: Arizona Daily Star

text: Arizona Daily Star

question: What city is the Harlem River Speedway in?

answer: New York City

text: New York City

question: What is Tucson's biggest park?

answer: Reid Park

text: Reid Park

question: What sports field is in Reid Park?

answer: Hi Corbett Field

text: Hi Corbett Field

question: What zoo is in Reid Park?

answer: Reid Park Zoo

text: Reid Park Zoo

question: What was the "ugliest street in America" in the 1970s?

answer: Speedway Boulevard

text: Speedway Boulevard

question: What was Speedway Blvd called in the 1990s?

answer: "Street of the Year"

text: "Street of the Year"


text: The ABS plastic used in the casing of some older SNES and Super Famicom consoles is particularly susceptible to oxidization on exposure to air, likely due to an incorrect mixture of the stabilizing or flame retarding additives. This, along with the particularly light color of the original plastic, causes affected consoles to quickly become yellow; if the sections of the casing came from different batches of plastic, a "two-tone" effect results. The color can sometimes be restored with UV light and a hydrogen peroxide solution.

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: The

text: ABS

text: plastic

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: casing

text: of

text: some

text: older

text: SNES

text: and

text: Super

text: Famicom

text: consoles

text: is

text: particularly

text: susceptible

text: to

text: oxidization

text: on

text: exposure

text: to

text: air

text: likely

text: due

text: to

text: an

text: incorrect

text: mixture

text: of

text: the

text: stabilizing

text: or

text: flame

text: retarding

text: additives

text: This

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: particularly

text: light

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: plastic

text: causes

text: affected

text: consoles

text: to

text: quickly

text: become

text: yellow

text: if

text: the

text: sections

text: of

text: the

text: casing

text: came

text: from

text: different

text: batches

text: of

text: plastic

text: a

text: two

text: tone

text: effect

text: results

text: The

text: color

text: can

text: sometimes

text: be

text: restored

text: with

text: UV

text: light

text: and

text: a

text: hydrogen

text: peroxide

text: solution

question: What material is the SNES case made of?

answer: ABS plastic

text: ABS plastic

question: What chemical process turned some SNES cases yellow?

answer: oxidization

text: oxidization

question: What mixture error in the plastic caused some SNES cases to turn yellow?

answer: an incorrect mixture of the stabilizing or flame retarding additives

text: an incorrect mixture of the stabilizing or flame retarding additives

question: How can SNES yellowing sometimes be reversed?

answer: with UV light and a hydrogen peroxide solution

text: with UV light and a hydrogen peroxide solution

question: Why would some SNESes be only partly yellow?

answer: if the sections of the casing came from different batches of plastic

text: if the sections of the casing came from different batches of plastic


text: Nevertheless, the government was able to make wide-ranging economic reforms that paid off in dramatically lower inflation and steady growth. The 1994 cease-fire in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has also helped the economy. Armenia has had strong economic growth since 1995, building on the turnaround that began the previous year, and inflation has been negligible for the past several years. New sectors, such as precious-stone processing and jewellery making, information and communication technology, and even tourism are beginning to supplement more traditional sectors of the economy, such as agriculture.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Nevertheless

text: the

text: government

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: make

text: wide

text: ranging

text: economic

text: reforms

text: that

text: paid

text: off

text: in

text: dramatically

text: lower

text: inflation

text: and

text: steady

text: growth

text: The

text: cease

text: fire

text: in

text: the

text: Nagorno

text: Karabakh

text: conflict

text: has

text: also

text: helped

text: the

text: economy

text: Armenia

text: has

text: had

text: strong

text: economic

text: growth

text: since

text: building

text: on

text: the

text: turnaround

text: that

text: began

text: the

text: previous

text: year

text: and

text: inflation

text: has

text: been

text: negligible

text: for

text: the

text: past

text: several

text: years

text: New

text: sectors

text: such

text: as

text: precious

text: stone

text: processing

text: and

text: jewellery

text: making

text: information

text: and

text: communication

text: technology

text: and

text: even

text: tourism

text: are

text: beginning

text: to

text: supplement

text: more

text: traditional

text: sectors

text: of

text: the

text: economy

text: such

text: as

text: agriculture

question: What did Armenia declare a cease-fire to in 1994?

answer: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

text: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

question: Since when has Armenia experienced a positive growth in their economy?

answer: 1995

question: What helped Armenia decrease inflation and create study growth in the economy?

answer: economic reforms

text: economic reforms

question: What is one of the newer sectors Armenia has in addition to agriculture?

answer: precious-stone processing

text: precious-stone processing


text: They can also be armed with non-lethal (more accurately known as "less than lethal" or "less-lethal") weaponry, particularly for riot control. Non-lethal weapons include batons, tear gas, riot control agents, rubber bullets, riot shields, water cannons and electroshock weapons. Police officers often carry handcuffs to restrain suspects. The use of firearms or deadly force is typically a last resort only to be used when necessary to save human life, although some jurisdictions (such as Brazil) allow its use against fleeing felons and escaped convicts. A "shoot-to-kill" policy was recently introduced in South Africa, which allows police to use deadly force against any person who poses a significant threat to them or civilians. With the country having one of the highest rates of violent crime, president Jacob Zuma states that South Africa needs to handle crime differently from other countries.

title: Police

title: Police

text: They

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: armed

text: with

text: non

text: lethal

text: more

text: accurately

text: known

text: as

text: less

text: than

text: lethal

text: or

text: less

text: lethal

text: weaponry

text: particularly

text: for

text: riot

text: control

text: Non

text: lethal

text: weapons

text: include

text: batons

text: tear

text: gas

text: riot

text: control

text: agents

text: rubber

text: bullets

text: riot

text: shields

text: water

text: cannons

text: and

text: electroshock

text: weapons

text: Police

text: officers

text: often

text: carry

text: handcuffs

text: to

text: restrain

text: suspects

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: firearms

text: or

text: deadly

text: force

text: is

text: typically

text: a

text: last

text: resort

text: only

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: when

text: necessary

text: to

text: save

text: human

text: life

text: although

text: some

text: jurisdictions

text: such

text: as

text: Brazil

text: allow

text: its

text: use

text: against

text: fleeing

text: felons

text: and

text: escaped

text: convicts

text: A

text: shoot

text: to

text: kill

text: policy

text: was

text: recently

text: introduced

text: in

text: South

text: Africa

text: which

text: allows

text: police

text: to

text: use

text: deadly

text: force

text: against

text: any

text: person

text: who

text: poses

text: a

text: significant

text: threat

text: to

text: them

text: or

text: civilians

text: With

text: the

text: country

text: having

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: highest

text: rates

text: of

text: violent

text: crime

text: president

text: Jacob

text: Zuma

text: states

text: that

text: South

text: Africa

text: needs

text: to

text: handle

text: crime

text: differently

text: from

text: other

text: countries

question: What should non-lethal weapons properly be called?

answer: "less than lethal" or "less-lethal"

text: "less than lethal" or "less-lethal"

question: What are common less-lethal weapons?

answer: batons, tear gas, riot control agents, rubber bullets, riot shields, water cannons and electroshock weapons

text: batons, tear gas, riot control agents, rubber bullets, riot shields, water cannons and electroshock weapons

question: What is supposed to be the last resort for police?

answer: The use of firearms or deadly force

text: The use of firearms or deadly force

question: What is South Africa's "shoot-to-kill" policy?

answer: allows police to use deadly force against any person who poses a significant threat to them or civilians

text: allows police to use deadly force against any person who poses a significant threat to them or civilians

question: Where can police shoot fleeing convicts?

answer: Brazil

text: Brazil


text: Health care in Thuringia is currently undergoing a concentration process. Many smaller hospitals in the rural towns are closing, whereas the bigger ones in centres like Jena and Erfurt get enlarged. Overall, there is an oversupply of hospital beds, caused by rationalisation processes in the German health care system, so that many smaller hospitals generate losses. On the other hand, there is a lack of family doctors, especially in rural regions with increased need of health care provision because of overageing.

title: Thuringia

title: Thuringia

text: Health

text: care

text: in

text: Thuringia

text: is

text: currently

text: undergoing

text: a

text: concentration

text: process

text: Many

text: smaller

text: hospitals

text: in

text: the

text: rural

text: towns

text: are

text: closing

text: whereas

text: the

text: bigger

text: ones

text: in

text: centres

text: like

text: Jena

text: and

text: Erfurt

text: get

text: enlarged

text: Overall

text: there

text: is

text: an

text: oversupply

text: of

text: hospital

text: beds

text: caused

text: by

text: rationalisation

text: processes

text: in

text: the

text: German

text: health

text: care

text: system

text: so

text: that

text: many

text: smaller

text: hospitals

text: generate

text: losses

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: lack

text: of

text: family

text: doctors

text: especially

text: in

text: rural

text: regions

text: with

text: increased

text: need

text: of

text: health

text: care

text: provision

text: because

text: of

text: overageing

question: Which hospitals are being expanded?

answer: bigger ones in centres like Jena and Erfurt

text: bigger ones in centres like Jena and Erfurt

question: Why are there too many hospital beds?

answer: rationalisation processes in the German health care system

text: rationalisation processes in the German health care system

question: Where is it the most difficult to find a family doctor?

answer: rural regions with increased need of health care provision because of overageing.

text: rural regions with increased need of health care provision because of overageing.


text: Charlemagne planned to continue the Frankish tradition of dividing his kingdom between all his heirs, but was unable to do so as only one son, Louis the Pious (r. 814–840), was still alive by 813. Just before Charlemagne died in 814, he crowned Louis as his successor. Louis's reign of 26 years was marked by numerous divisions of the empire among his sons and, after 829, civil wars between various alliances of father and sons over the control of various parts of the empire. Eventually, Louis recognised his eldest son Lothair I (d. 855) as emperor and gave him Italy. Louis divided the rest of the empire between Lothair and Charles the Bald (d. 877), his youngest son. Lothair took East Francia, comprising both banks of the Rhine and eastwards, leaving Charles West Francia with the empire to the west of the Rhineland and the Alps. Louis the German (d. 876), the middle child, who had been rebellious to the last, was allowed to keep Bavaria under the suzerainty of his elder brother. The division was disputed. Pepin II of Aquitaine (d. after 864), the emperor's grandson, rebelled in a contest for Aquitaine, while Louis the German tried to annex all of East Francia. Louis the Pious died in 840, with the empire still in chaos.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: Charlemagne

text: planned

text: to

text: continue

text: the

text: Frankish

text: tradition

text: of

text: dividing

text: his

text: kingdom

text: between

text: all

text: his

text: heirs

text: but

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: as

text: only

text: one

text: son

text: Louis

text: the

text: Pious

text: r.

text: was

text: still

text: alive

text: by

text: Just

text: before

text: Charlemagne

text: died

text: in

text: he

text: crowned

text: Louis

text: as

text: his

text: successor

text: Louis

text: 's

text: reign

text: of

text: years

text: was

text: marked

text: by

text: numerous

text: divisions

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: among

text: his

text: sons

text: and

text: after

text: civil

text: wars

text: between

text: various

text: alliances

text: of

text: father

text: and

text: sons

text: over

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: various

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: Eventually

text: Louis

text: recognised

text: his

text: eldest

text: son

text: Lothair

text: I

text: d.

text: as

text: emperor

text: and

text: gave

text: him

text: Italy

text: Louis

text: divided

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: between

text: Lothair

text: and

text: Charles

text: the

text: Bald

text: d.

text: his

text: youngest

text: son

text: Lothair

text: took

text: East

text: Francia

text: comprising

text: both

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: Rhine

text: and

text: eastwards

text: leaving

text: Charles

text: West

text: Francia

text: with

text: the

text: empire

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Rhineland

text: and

text: the

text: Alps

text: Louis

text: the

text: German

text: d.

text: the

text: middle

text: child

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: rebellious

text: to

text: the

text: last

text: was

text: allowed

text: to

text: keep

text: Bavaria

text: under

text: the

text: suzerainty

text: of

text: his

text: elder

text: brother

text: The

text: division

text: was

text: disputed

text: Pepin

text: II

text: of

text: Aquitaine

text: d.

text: after

text: the

text: emperor

text: 's

text: grandson

text: rebelled

text: in

text: a

text: contest

text: for

text: Aquitaine

text: while

text: Louis

text: the

text: German

text: tried

text: to

text: annex

text: all

text: of

text: East

text: Francia

text: Louis

text: the

text: Pious

text: died

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: empire

text: still

text: in

text: chaos

question: Who was Charlemagne's only living son in 813?

answer: Louis the Pious

text: Louis the Pious

question: How long did Louis the Pious reign?

answer: 26 years

text: 26 years

question: When did the reign of Louis the Pious end?

answer: 840

question: Who ruled Italy after Louis the Pious?

answer: Lothair I

text: Lothair I

question: Who was the middle son of Louis the Pious?

answer: Louis the German

text: Louis the German


text: UNFPA's connection to China's administration of forced abortions was refuted by investigations carried out by various US, UK, and UN teams sent to examine UNFPA activities in China. Specifically, a three-person U.S State Department fact-finding team was sent on a two-week tour throughout China. It wrote in a report to the State Department that it found "no evidence that UNFPA has supported or participated in the management of a program of coercive abortion or involuntary sterilization in China," as has been charged by critics.

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

text: UNFPA

text: 's

text: connection

text: to

text: China

text: 's

text: administration

text: of

text: forced

text: abortions

text: was

text: refuted

text: by

text: investigations

text: carried

text: out

text: by

text: various

text: US

text: UK

text: and

text: UN

text: teams

text: sent

text: to

text: examine

text: UNFPA

text: activities

text: in

text: China

text: Specifically

text: a

text: three

text: person

text: U.S

text: State

text: Department

text: fact

text: finding

text: team

text: was

text: sent

text: on

text: a

text: two

text: week

text: tour

text: throughout

text: China

text: It

text: wrote

text: in

text: a

text: report

text: to

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: that

text: it

text: found

text: no

text: evidence

text: that

text: UNFPA

text: has

text: supported

text: or

text: participated

text: in

text: the

text: management

text: of

text: a

text: program

text: of

text: coercive

text: abortion

text: or

text: involuntary

text: sterilization

text: in

text: China

text: as

text: has

text: been

text: charged

text: by

text: critics

question: Which country was administering forced abortions?

answer: China

text: China

question: How many people were on the U.S. fact-finding team?

answer: three

text: three

question: Which U.S. department investigated the allegations?

answer: the State Department

text: the State Department


text: A month after the Spanish Civil War began in 1936, several players from Barcelona enlisted in the ranks of those who fought against the military uprising, along with players from Athletic Bilbao. On 6 August, Falangist soldiers near Guadarrama murdered club president Josep Sunyol, a representative of the pro-independence political party. He was dubbed the martyr of barcelonisme, and his murder was a defining moment in the history of FC Barcelona and Catalan identity. In the summer of 1937, the squad was on tour in Mexico and the United States, where it was received as an ambassador of the Second Spanish Republic. The tour led to the financial security of the club, but also resulted in half of the team seeking asylum in Mexico and France, making it harder for the remaining team to contest for trophies.

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: A

text: month

text: after

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Civil

text: War

text: began

text: in

text: several

text: players

text: from

text: Barcelona

text: enlisted

text: in

text: the

text: ranks

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: fought

text: against

text: the

text: military

text: uprising

text: along

text: with

text: players

text: from

text: Athletic

text: Bilbao

text: On

text: August

text: Falangist

text: soldiers

text: near

text: Guadarrama

text: murdered

text: club

text: president

text: Josep

text: Sunyol

text: a

text: representative

text: of

text: the

text: pro

text: independence

text: political

text: party

text: He

text: was

text: dubbed

text: the

text: martyr

text: of

text: barcelonisme

text: and

text: his

text: murder

text: was

text: a

text: defining

text: moment

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: FC

text: Barcelona

text: and

text: Catalan

text: identity

text: In

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: the

text: squad

text: was

text: on

text: tour

text: in

text: Mexico

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: where

text: it

text: was

text: received

text: as

text: an

text: ambassador

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Spanish

text: Republic

text: The

text: tour

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: financial

text: security

text: of

text: the

text: club

text: but

text: also

text: resulted

text: in

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: team

text: seeking

text: asylum

text: in

text: Mexico

text: and

text: France

text: making

text: it

text: harder

text: for

text: the

text: remaining

text: team

text: to

text: contest

text: for

text: trophies

question: Who was murdered on 6 August, 1936?

answer: Josep Sunyol

text: Josep Sunyol

question: Besides being club president, what was Sunyol involved in to have caused his murder?

answer: pro-independence political party

text: pro-independence political party

question: What was Sunyol called after his death?

answer: martyr

text: martyr

question: What was club Barcelona considered to represent when on tour in 1937?

answer: Second Spanish Republic

text: Second Spanish Republic

question: Where did half of the Barcelona team seek asylum in 1937?

answer: Mexico and France

text: Mexico and France


text: Whilst it is often perceived as an optimal solution for states comprising different cultural or ethnic communities, the federalist model seems to work best in largely homogeneous states such as the United States, Germany or Australia, but there is also evidence to the contrary such as in Switzerland. Tensions between territories can still be found in federalist countries such as Canada and federation as a way to appease and quell military conflict has failed recently in places like Lybia or Iraq, while the formula is simultaneously proposed and dismissed in countries such as Ukraine or Syria. Federations such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia collapsed as soon as it was possible to put the model to the test.

title: Federalism

title: Federalism

text: Whilst

text: it

text: is

text: often

text: perceived

text: as

text: an

text: optimal

text: solution

text: for

text: states

text: comprising

text: different

text: cultural

text: or

text: ethnic

text: communities

text: the

text: federalist

text: model

text: seems

text: to

text: work

text: best

text: in

text: largely

text: homogeneous

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Germany

text: or

text: Australia

text: but

text: there

text: is

text: also

text: evidence

text: to

text: the

text: contrary

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: Switzerland

text: Tensions

text: between

text: territories

text: can

text: still

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: federalist

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Canada

text: and

text: federation

text: as

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: appease

text: and

text: quell

text: military

text: conflict

text: has

text: failed

text: recently

text: in

text: places

text: like

text: Lybia

text: or

text: Iraq

text: while

text: the

text: formula

text: is

text: simultaneously

text: proposed

text: and

text: dismissed

text: in

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Ukraine

text: or

text: Syria

text: Federations

text: such

text: as

text: Yugoslavia

text: or

text: Czechoslovakia

text: collapsed

text: as

text: soon

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: possible

text: to

text: put

text: the

text: model

text: to

text: the

text: test

question: Where does the federalist model work best in?

answer: homogeneous states

text: homogeneous states

question: What are homogeneous states?

answer: United States, Germany or Australia

text: United States, Germany or Australia

question: Where can tensions be found in the federalist countries?

answer: Canada

text: Canada

question: What countries did the federalist model fail in?

answer: Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia

text: Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia

question: What countries dismissed the federalist model?

answer: Ukraine or Syria

text: Ukraine or Syria


text: Evidence suggests that blast furnaces, that convert raw iron ore into pig iron, which can be remelted in a cupola furnace to produce cast iron by means of a cold blast and hot blast, were operational in China by the late Spring and Autumn period (722–481 BC). The bloomery was nonexistent in ancient China; however, the Han-era Chinese produced wrought iron by injecting excess oxygen into a furnace and causing decarburization. Cast iron and pig iron could be converted into wrought iron and steel using a fining process.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: Evidence

text: suggests

text: that

text: blast

text: furnaces

text: that

text: convert

text: raw

text: iron

text: ore

text: into

text: pig

text: iron

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: remelted

text: in

text: a

text: cupola

text: furnace

text: to

text: produce

text: cast

text: iron

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: a

text: cold

text: blast

text: and

text: hot

text: blast

text: were

text: operational

text: in

text: China

text: by

text: the

text: late

text: Spring

text: and

text: Autumn

text: period

text: BC

text: The

text: bloomery

text: was

text: nonexistent

text: in

text: ancient

text: China

text: however

text: the

text: Han

text: era

text: Chinese

text: produced

text: wrought

text: iron

text: by

text: injecting

text: excess

text: oxygen

text: into

text: a

text: furnace

text: and

text: causing

text: decarburization

text: Cast

text: iron

text: and

text: pig

text: iron

text: could

text: be

text: converted

text: into

text: wrought

text: iron

text: and

text: steel

text: using

text: a

text: fining

text: process

question: What type of furnace was functional in China in 722 BC?

answer: blast

text: blast

question: What element was used in the production of wrought iron?

answer: oxygen

text: oxygen

question: What type of iron could pig iron be converted into?

answer: wrought

text: wrought

question: What type of process was used to convert various metals into steel?

answer: fining

text: fining

question: What can iron ore be converted into in a blast furnace?

answer: pig iron

text: pig iron


text: In quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, the vacuum is defined as the state (that is, the solution to the equations of the theory) with the lowest possible energy (the ground state of the Hilbert space). In quantum electrodynamics this vacuum is referred to as 'QED vacuum' to distinguish it from the vacuum of quantum chromodynamics, denoted as QCD vacuum. QED vacuum is a state with no matter particles (hence the name), and also no photons. As described above, this state is impossible to achieve experimentally. (Even if every matter particle could somehow be removed from a volume, it would be impossible to eliminate all the blackbody photons.) Nonetheless, it provides a good model for realizable vacuum, and agrees with a number of experimental observations as described next.

title: Vacuum

title: Vacuum

text: In

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: and

text: quantum

text: field

text: theory

text: the

text: vacuum

text: is

text: defined

text: as

text: the

text: state

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: solution

text: to

text: the

text: equations

text: of

text: the

text: theory

text: with

text: the

text: lowest

text: possible

text: energy

text: the

text: ground

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: Hilbert

text: space

text: In

text: quantum

text: electrodynamics

text: this

text: vacuum

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: QED

text: vacuum

text: to

text: distinguish

text: it

text: from

text: the

text: vacuum

text: of

text: quantum

text: chromodynamics

text: denoted

text: as

text: QCD

text: vacuum

text: QED

text: vacuum

text: is

text: a

text: state

text: with

text: no

text: matter

text: particles

text: hence

text: the

text: name

text: and

text: also

text: no

text: photons

text: As

text: described

text: above

text: this

text: state

text: is

text: impossible

text: to

text: achieve

text: experimentally

text: Even

text: if

text: every

text: matter

text: particle

text: could

text: somehow

text: be

text: removed

text: from

text: a

text: volume

text: it

text: would

text: be

text: impossible

text: to

text: eliminate

text: all

text: the

text: blackbody

text: photons

text: Nonetheless

text: it

text: provides

text: a

text: good

text: model

text: for

text: realizable

text: vacuum

text: and

text: agrees

text: with

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: experimental

text: observations

text: as

text: described

text: next

question: The state with the lowest possible energy in quantum mechanics defines what ?

answer: vacuum

text: vacuum

question: A vacuum state with no matter particles or photons is called what?

answer: QED

text: QED

question: why is a QED vacuum impossible to achieve ?

answer: impossible to eliminate all the blackbody photons

text: impossible to eliminate all the blackbody photons

question: What is a QCD?

answer: vacuum of quantum chromodynamics,

text: vacuum of quantum chromodynamics,


text: The Norfolk Island Legislative Assembly decided to hold a referendum on the proposal. On 8 May 2015, voters were asked if Norfolk Islanders should freely determine their political status and their economic, social and cultural development, and to "be consulted at referendum or plebiscite on the future model of governance for Norfolk Island before such changes are acted upon by the Australian parliament". 68% out of 912 voters voted in favour. The Norfolk Island Chief Minister, Lisle Snell, said that "the referendum results blow a hole in Canberra's assertion that the reforms introduced before the Australian Parliament that propose abolishing the Legislative Assembly and Norfolk Island Parliament were overwhelmingly supported by the people of Norfolk Island".

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: The

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: Legislative

text: Assembly

text: decided

text: to

text: hold

text: a

text: referendum

text: on

text: the

text: proposal

text: On

text: May

text: voters

text: were

text: asked

text: if

text: Norfolk

text: Islanders

text: should

text: freely

text: determine

text: their

text: political

text: status

text: and

text: their

text: economic

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: development

text: and

text: to

text: be

text: consulted

text: at

text: referendum

text: or

text: plebiscite

text: on

text: the

text: future

text: model

text: of

text: governance

text: for

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: before

text: such

text: changes

text: are

text: acted

text: upon

text: by

text: the

text: Australian

text: parliament

text: out

text: of

text: voters

text: voted

text: in

text: favour

text: The

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: Chief

text: Minister

text: Lisle

text: Snell

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: referendum

text: results

text: blow

text: a

text: hole

text: in

text: Canberra

text: 's

text: assertion

text: that

text: the

text: reforms

text: introduced

text: before

text: the

text: Australian

text: Parliament

text: that

text: propose

text: abolishing

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Assembly

text: and

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: Parliament

text: were

text: overwhelmingly

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: Norfolk

text: Island

question: When did the Legislative Assembly of Norfolk Island vote regarding the proposed Australian reforms?

answer: 8 May 2015

text: 8 May 2015

question: How many Norfolk Island residents voted on May 8, 2015?

answer: 912

question: What percentage of Norfolk Island residents voted in favor of self-governance?

answer: 68%

question: Who is Norfolk Island's Chief Minister?

answer: Lisle Snell

text: Lisle Snell

question: According to Lisle Snell, Australian Parliament thought that abolishing Norfolk Island's self-governance would be what?

answer: overwhelmingly supported by the people of Norfolk Island

text: overwhelmingly supported by the people of Norfolk Island


text: A new device for granting assent was created during the reign of King Henry VIII. In 1542, Henry sought to execute his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, whom he accused of committing adultery; the execution was to be authorised not after a trial but by a bill of attainder, to which he would have to personally assent after listening to the entire text. Henry decided that "the repetition of so grievous a Story and the recital of so infamous a crime" in his presence "might reopen a Wound already closing in the Royal Bosom". Therefore, parliament inserted a clause into the Act of Attainder, providing that assent granted by Commissioners "is and ever was and ever shall be, as good" as assent granted by the sovereign personally. The procedure was used only five times during the 16th century, but more often during the 17th and 18th centuries, especially when George III's health began to deteriorate. Queen Victoria became the last monarch to personally grant assent in 1854.

title: Royal_assent

title: Royal_assent

text: A

text: new

text: device

text: for

text: granting

text: assent

text: was

text: created

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: King

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: In

text: Henry

text: sought

text: to

text: execute

text: his

text: fifth

text: wife

text: Catherine

text: Howard

text: whom

text: he

text: accused

text: of

text: committing

text: adultery

text: the

text: execution

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: authorised

text: not

text: after

text: a

text: trial

text: but

text: by

text: a

text: bill

text: of

text: attainder

text: to

text: which

text: he

text: would

text: have

text: to

text: personally

text: assent

text: after

text: listening

text: to

text: the

text: entire

text: text

text: Henry

text: decided

text: that

text: the

text: repetition

text: of

text: so

text: grievous

text: a

text: Story

text: and

text: the

text: recital

text: of

text: so

text: infamous

text: a

text: crime

text: in

text: his

text: presence

text: might

text: reopen

text: a

text: Wound

text: already

text: closing

text: in

text: the

text: Royal

text: Bosom

text: Therefore

text: parliament

text: inserted

text: a

text: clause

text: into

text: the

text: Act

text: of

text: Attainder

text: providing

text: that

text: assent

text: granted

text: by

text: Commissioners

text: is

text: and

text: ever

text: was

text: and

text: ever

text: shall

text: be

text: as

text: good

text: as

text: assent

text: granted

text: by

text: the

text: sovereign

text: personally

text: The

text: procedure

text: was

text: used

text: only

text: five

text: times

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: but

text: more

text: often

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: especially

text: when

text: George

text: III

text: 's

text: health

text: began

text: to

text: deteriorate

text: Queen

text: Victoria

text: became

text: the

text: last

text: monarch

text: to

text: personally

text: grant

text: assent

text: in

question: Why did Henry VIII wish to execute his fifth wife?

answer: committing adultery

text: committing adultery

question: What was Henry VIII trying to avoid by creating a new procedure for granting assent?

answer: listening to the entire text

text: listening to the entire text

question: How many times in the 16th century was assent granted by Commissioners?

answer: five

text: five

question: Who was the last monarch to grant assent personally?

answer: Queen Victoria

text: Queen Victoria


text: A second problem with materialism is that it obscures the importance of relations. It sees every object as distinct and discrete from all other objects. Each object is simply an inert clump of matter that is only externally related to other things. The idea of matter as primary makes people think of objects as being fundamentally separate in time and space, and not necessarily related to anything. But in Whitehead's view, relations take a primary role, perhaps even more important than the relata themselves. A student taking notes in one of Whitehead's fall 1924 classes wrote that:

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: A

text: second

text: problem

text: with

text: materialism

text: is

text: that

text: it

text: obscures

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: relations

text: It

text: sees

text: every

text: object

text: as

text: distinct

text: and

text: discrete

text: from

text: all

text: other

text: objects

text: Each

text: object

text: is

text: simply

text: an

text: inert

text: clump

text: of

text: matter

text: that

text: is

text: only

text: externally

text: related

text: to

text: other

text: things

text: The

text: idea

text: of

text: matter

text: as

text: primary

text: makes

text: people

text: think

text: of

text: objects

text: as

text: being

text: fundamentally

text: separate

text: in

text: time

text: and

text: space

text: and

text: not

text: necessarily

text: related

text: to

text: anything

text: But

text: in

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: view

text: relations

text: take

text: a

text: primary

text: role

text: perhaps

text: even

text: more

text: important

text: than

text: the

text: relata

text: themselves

text: A

text: student

text: taking

text: notes

text: in

text: one

text: of

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: fall

text: classes

text: wrote

text: that

question: What is the general materialistic view of an object?

answer: Each object is simply an inert clump of matter that is only externally related to other things

text: Each object is simply an inert clump of matter that is only externally related to other things

question: How the fundamental concept of matter influence people to view objects?

answer: The idea of matter as primary makes people think of objects as being fundamentally separate in time and space, and not necessarily related to anything

text: The idea of matter as primary makes people think of objects as being fundamentally separate in time and space, and not necessarily related to anything

question: What is Whitehead's belief regarding the importance of relations?

answer: in Whitehead's view, relations take a primary role, perhaps even more important than the relata themselves

text: in Whitehead's view, relations take a primary role, perhaps even more important than the relata themselves

question: What is the materialistic view of matter in relation to other objects?

answer: It sees every object as distinct and discrete from all other objects.

text: It sees every object as distinct and discrete from all other objects.

question: What is another issue that Whitehead had with materialism?

answer: it obscures the importance of relations

text: it obscures the importance of relations

question: What obscures the importance of relations according to Whitehead?

answer: materialism

text: materialism

question: What does Materialism see each object as?

answer: distinct and discrete

text: distinct and discrete

question: How is each object related to other things?

answer: externally

text: externally


text: In the 1500s, Paracelsus was probably the first to criticize Galen publicly. Also in the 16th century, scientist and artist Leonardo da Vinci compared metabolism to a burning candle. Leonardo did not publish his works on this subject, but he was not afraid of thinking for himself and he definitely disagreed with Galen. Ultimately, 16th century works of Andreas Vesalius, sometimes called the father of modern medicine, overturned Galen's ideas. He was followed by piercing thought amalgamated with the era's mysticism and religion sometimes fueled by the mechanics of Newton and Galileo. Jan Baptist van Helmont, who discovered several gases such as carbon dioxide, performed the first quantitative experiment. Robert Boyle advanced chemistry. Sanctorius measured body weight. Physician Herman Boerhaave modeled the digestive process. Physiologist Albrecht von Haller worked out the difference between nerves and muscles.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: In

text: the

text: Paracelsus

text: was

text: probably

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: criticize

text: Galen

text: publicly

text: Also

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: scientist

text: and

text: artist

text: Leonardo

text: da

text: Vinci

text: compared

text: metabolism

text: to

text: a

text: burning

text: candle

text: Leonardo

text: did

text: not

text: publish

text: his

text: works

text: on

text: this

text: subject

text: but

text: he

text: was

text: not

text: afraid

text: of

text: thinking

text: for

text: himself

text: and

text: he

text: definitely

text: disagreed

text: with

text: Galen

text: Ultimately

text: century

text: works

text: of

text: Andreas

text: Vesalius

text: sometimes

text: called

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: modern

text: medicine

text: overturned

text: Galen

text: 's

text: ideas

text: He

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: piercing

text: thought

text: amalgamated

text: with

text: the

text: era

text: 's

text: mysticism

text: and

text: religion

text: sometimes

text: fueled

text: by

text: the

text: mechanics

text: of

text: Newton

text: and

text: Galileo

text: Jan

text: Baptist

text: van

text: Helmont

text: who

text: discovered

text: several

text: gases

text: such

text: as

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: performed

text: the

text: first

text: quantitative

text: experiment

text: Robert

text: Boyle

text: advanced

text: chemistry

text: Sanctorius

text: measured

text: body

text: weight

text: Physician

text: Herman

text: Boerhaave

text: modeled

text: the

text: digestive

text: process

text: Physiologist

text: Albrecht

text: von

text: Haller

text: worked

text: out

text: the

text: difference

text: between

text: nerves

text: and

text: muscles

question: Who criticized Galen in the 1500s?

answer: Paracelsus

text: Paracelsus

question: Which famous artist did not agree with Galen's theories?

answer: Leonardo da Vinci

text: Leonardo da Vinci

question: What was a burning candle comparable to?

answer: metabolism

text: metabolism

question: Which well known gas did Jan Baptist van Helmont discover?

answer: carbon dioxide

text: carbon dioxide

question: Which scientist was able to create a model for the digestive process?

answer: Herman Boerhaave

text: Herman Boerhaave


text: The Communist Party of Germany featured similar attitudes. In Die Welt, a communist newspaper published in Stockholm[e] the exiled communist leader Walter Ulbricht opposed the allies (Britain representing "the most reactionary force in the world") and argued: "The German government declared itself ready for friendly relations with the Soviet Union, whereas the English–French war bloc desires a war against the socialist Soviet Union. The Soviet people and the working people of Germany have an interest in preventing the English war plan."

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: The

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: Germany

text: featured

text: similar

text: attitudes

text: In

text: Die

text: Welt

text: a

text: communist

text: newspaper

text: published

text: in

text: Stockholm[e

text: the

text: exiled

text: communist

text: leader

text: Walter

text: Ulbricht

text: opposed

text: the

text: allies

text: Britain

text: representing

text: the

text: most

text: reactionary

text: force

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: argued

text: The

text: German

text: government

text: declared

text: itself

text: ready

text: for

text: friendly

text: relations

text: with

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: whereas

text: the

text: English

text: French

text: war

text: bloc

text: desires

text: a

text: war

text: against

text: the

text: socialist

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: The

text: Soviet

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: working

text: people

text: of

text: Germany

text: have

text: an

text: interest

text: in

text: preventing

text: the

text: English

text: war

text: plan

question: Who wanted war with the Soviet Union?

answer: English–French war bloc

text: English–French war bloc

question: Who publicly wanted peace with Soviet Union

answer: German government

text: German government

question: The British army was considered to be what by Walter Ulbricbht?

answer: the most reactionary force in the world

text: the most reactionary force in the world


text: From 2000 to 2010, the average cost per asthma-related hospital stay in the United States for children remained relatively stable at about $3,600, whereas the average cost per asthma-related hospital stay for adults increased from $5,200 to $6,600. In 2010, Medicaid was the most frequent primary payer among children and adults aged 18–44 years in the United States; private insurance was the second most frequent payer. Among both children and adults in the lowest income communities in the United States there is a higher rates of hospital stays for asthma in 2010 than those in the highest income communities.

title: Asthma

title: Asthma

text: From

text: to

text: the

text: average

text: cost

text: per

text: asthma

text: related

text: hospital

text: stay

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: for

text: children

text: remained

text: relatively

text: stable

text: at

text: about

text: whereas

text: the

text: average

text: cost

text: per

text: asthma

text: related

text: hospital

text: stay

text: for

text: adults

text: increased

text: from

text: to

text: In

text: Medicaid

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: frequent

text: primary

text: payer

text: among

text: children

text: and

text: adults

text: aged

text: years

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: private

text: insurance

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: frequent

text: payer

text: Among

text: both

text: children

text: and

text: adults

text: in

text: the

text: lowest

text: income

text: communities

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: higher

text: rates

text: of

text: hospital

text: stays

text: for

text: asthma

text: in

text: than

text: those

text: in

text: the

text: highest

text: income

text: communities

question: How much was the average cost of hospital stays for asthma-related issues for children??

answer: about $3,600

text: about $3,600

question: How much was the average cost of hospital stays for asthma-related issues for adults?

answer: from $5,200 to $6,600

text: from $5,200 to $6,600

question: Who was the most frequent primary payer amount children and adults?

answer: Medicaid

text: Medicaid

question: Who was more likely to seek hospital help in the US for asthma reasons?

answer: the lowest income communities

text: the lowest income communities


text: Between 1993 and 1996, the FBI increased its counter-terrorism role in the wake of the first 1993 World Trade Center bombing in New York City, New York; the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and the arrest of the Unabomber in 1996. Technological innovation and the skills of FBI Laboratory analysts helped ensure that the three cases were successfully prosecuted. Justice Department investigations into the FBI's roles in the Ruby Ridge and Waco incidents were found to be obstructed by agents within the Bureau. During the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, the FBI was criticized for its investigation of the Centennial Olympic Park bombing. It has settled a dispute with Richard Jewell, who was a private security guard at the venue, along with some media organizations, in regard to the leaking of his name during the investigation.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: Between

text: and

text: the

text: FBI

text: increased

text: its

text: counter

text: terrorism

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: World

text: Trade

text: Center

text: bombing

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: New

text: York

text: the

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: bombing

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Oklahoma

text: and

text: the

text: arrest

text: of

text: the

text: Unabomber

text: in

text: Technological

text: innovation

text: and

text: the

text: skills

text: of

text: FBI

text: Laboratory

text: analysts

text: helped

text: ensure

text: that

text: the

text: three

text: cases

text: were

text: successfully

text: prosecuted

text: Justice

text: Department

text: investigations

text: into

text: the

text: FBI

text: 's

text: roles

text: in

text: the

text: Ruby

text: Ridge

text: and

text: Waco

text: incidents

text: were

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: obstructed

text: by

text: agents

text: within

text: the

text: Bureau

text: During

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: in

text: Atlanta

text: Georgia

text: the

text: FBI

text: was

text: criticized

text: for

text: its

text: investigation

text: of

text: the

text: Centennial

text: Olympic

text: Park

text: bombing

text: It

text: has

text: settled

text: a

text: dispute

text: with

text: Richard

text: Jewell

text: who

text: was

text: a

text: private

text: security

text: guard

text: at

text: the

text: venue

text: along

text: with

text: some

text: media

text: organizations

text: in

text: regard

text: to

text: the

text: leaking

text: of

text: his

text: name

text: during

text: the

text: investigation

question: When did the FBI increase it's counter-terrorism role?

answer: Between 1993 and 1996

text: Between 1993 and 1996

question: What prompted the FBI increase in counter-terrorism?

answer: World Trade Center bombing

text: World Trade Center bombing

question: Where was the World Trade Center?

answer: New York City, New York

text: New York City, New York

question: When was Oklahoma city bombed?

answer: 1995

question: What did agents within the FBI do to investigations of the agency?

answer: obstructed

text: obstructed


text: The aftermath of World War II saw an explosion in the discovery of new classes of antibacterial drugs including the cephalosporins (developed by Eli Lilly based on the seminal work of Giuseppe Brotzu and Edward Abraham), streptomycin (discovered during a Merck-funded research program in Selman Waksman's laboratory), the tetracyclines (discovered at Lederle Laboratories, now a part of Pfizer), erythromycin (discovered at Eli Lilly and Co.) and their extension to an increasingly wide range of bacterial pathogens. Streptomycin, discovered during a Merck-funded research program in Selman Waksman's laboratory at Rutgers in 1943, became the first effective treatment for tuberculosis. At the time of its discovery, sanitoriums for the isolation of tuberculosis-infected people were an ubiquitous feature of cities in developed countries, with 50% dying within 5 years of admission.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: The

text: aftermath

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: saw

text: an

text: explosion

text: in

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: new

text: classes

text: of

text: antibacterial

text: drugs

text: including

text: the

text: cephalosporins

text: developed

text: by

text: Eli

text: Lilly

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: seminal

text: work

text: of

text: Giuseppe

text: Brotzu

text: and

text: Edward

text: Abraham

text: streptomycin

text: discovered

text: during

text: a

text: Merck

text: funded

text: research

text: program

text: in

text: Selman

text: Waksman

text: 's

text: laboratory

text: the

text: tetracyclines

text: discovered

text: at

text: Lederle

text: Laboratories

text: now

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: Pfizer

text: erythromycin

text: discovered

text: at

text: Eli

text: Lilly

text: and

text: Co.

text: and

text: their

text: extension

text: to

text: an

text: increasingly

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: bacterial

text: pathogens

text: Streptomycin

text: discovered

text: during

text: a

text: Merck

text: funded

text: research

text: program

text: in

text: Selman

text: Waksman

text: 's

text: laboratory

text: at

text: Rutgers

text: in

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: effective

text: treatment

text: for

text: tuberculosis

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: its

text: discovery

text: sanitoriums

text: for

text: the

text: isolation

text: of

text: tuberculosis

text: infected

text: people

text: were

text: an

text: ubiquitous

text: feature

text: of

text: cities

text: in

text: developed

text: countries

text: with

text: dying

text: within

text: years

text: of

text: admission

question: When was the first effective treatment for Tuberculosis discovered?

answer: 1943

question: 50% of tuberculosis-infected people died within 5 years where?

answer: cities in developed countries

text: cities in developed countries

question: What drug effectively treated Tuberculosis?

answer: Streptomycin

text: Streptomycin

question: Who was Eli Lilly's work based off of?

answer: Giuseppe Brotzu and Edward Abraham

text: Giuseppe Brotzu and Edward Abraham

question: Where was Tetracyclines discovered?

answer: Lederle Laboratories

text: Lederle Laboratories

question: What was the first treatment for tuberculosis?

answer: Streptomycin

text: Streptomycin

question: What percentage of patients infected with tuberculosis died within 5 years?

answer: 50%

question: In what year was streptomycin discovered?

answer: 1943

question: Many more antibiotics were made following the end of what war?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: What company funded the research that led to the discovery of streptomycin?

answer: Merck

text: Merck


text: According to 2012 Pew Research Center survey if current trends continue, Christianity will remains the world's largest religion by year 2050. By 2050, the Christian population is expected to exceed 3 billion. While Muslims have an average of 3.1 children per woman—the highest rate of all religious groups. Christians are second, with 2.7 children per woman. High birth rates and conversion were cited as the reason for the Christian population growths. A 2015 study found that approximately 10.2 million Muslim converted to Christianity. Christianity is growing in Africa, Asia, Latin America, Muslim world, and Oceania.

title: Christian

title: Christian

text: According

text: to

text: Pew

text: Research

text: Center

text: survey

text: if

text: current

text: trends

text: continue

text: Christianity

text: will

text: remains

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: religion

text: by

text: year

text: By

text: the

text: Christian

text: population

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: exceed

text: billion

text: While

text: Muslims

text: have

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: children

text: per

text: woman

text: the

text: highest

text: rate

text: of

text: all

text: religious

text: groups

text: Christians

text: are

text: second

text: with

text: children

text: per

text: woman

text: High

text: birth

text: rates

text: and

text: conversion

text: were

text: cited

text: as

text: the

text: reason

text: for

text: the

text: Christian

text: population

text: growths

text: A

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: approximately

text: million

text: Muslim

text: converted

text: to

text: Christianity

text: Christianity

text: is

text: growing

text: in

text: Africa

text: Asia

text: Latin

text: America

text: Muslim

text: world

text: and

text: Oceania

question: Which religion will have the most followers by the year 2050 if trends continue?

answer: Christianity

text: Christianity

question: On average, how many children do Christians have?

answer: 2.7

question: How many Muslims converted to Christianity according to a 2015 poll?

answer: 10.2 million

text: 10.2 million

question: In addition to conversion, what other reason is given for the trend in Christianity's followers?

answer: High birth rates

text: High birth rates


text: A number of other health conditions occur more frequently in those with asthma, including gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), rhinosinusitis, and obstructive sleep apnea. Psychological disorders are also more common, with anxiety disorders occurring in between 16–52% and mood disorders in 14–41%. However, it is not known if asthma causes psychological problems or if psychological problems lead to asthma. Those with asthma, especially if it is poorly controlled, are at high risk for radiocontrast reactions.

title: Asthma

title: Asthma

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: health

text: conditions

text: occur

text: more

text: frequently

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: asthma

text: including

text: gastro

text: esophageal

text: reflux

text: disease

text: GERD

text: rhinosinusitis

text: and

text: obstructive

text: sleep

text: apnea

text: Psychological

text: disorders

text: are

text: also

text: more

text: common

text: with

text: anxiety

text: disorders

text: occurring

text: in

text: between

text: and

text: mood

text: disorders

text: in

text: However

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: known

text: if

text: asthma

text: causes

text: psychological

text: problems

text: or

text: if

text: psychological

text: problems

text: lead

text: to

text: asthma

text: Those

text: with

text: asthma

text: especially

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: poorly

text: controlled

text: are

text: at

text: high

text: risk

text: for

text: radiocontrast

text: reactions

question: Do other health concerns happen less frequently or more frequently with asthma?

answer: more frequently

text: more frequently

question: What are three of the other health conditions that occur more frequently with asthma?

answer: gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), rhinosinusitis, and obstructive sleep apnea

text: gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), rhinosinusitis, and obstructive sleep apnea

question: What other type of disorders are frequent in asthma sufferers?

answer: Psychological disorders

text: Psychological disorders

question: What are those with asthma that is poorly controll more susceptable to?

answer: radiocontrast reactions

text: radiocontrast reactions


text: Phonology is a branch of linguistics concerned with the systematic organization of sounds in languages. It has traditionally focused largely on the study of the systems of phonemes in particular languages (and therefore used to be also called phonemics, or phonematics), but it may also cover any linguistic analysis either at a level beneath the word (including syllable, onset and rime, articulatory gestures, articulatory features, mora, etc.) or at all levels of language where sound is considered to be structured for conveying linguistic meaning. Phonology also includes the study of equivalent organizational systems in sign languages.

title: Phonology

title: Phonology

text: Phonology

text: is

text: a

text: branch

text: of

text: linguistics

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: systematic

text: organization

text: of

text: sounds

text: in

text: languages

text: It

text: has

text: traditionally

text: focused

text: largely

text: on

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: systems

text: of

text: phonemes

text: in

text: particular

text: languages

text: and

text: therefore

text: used

text: to

text: be

text: also

text: called

text: phonemics

text: or

text: phonematics

text: but

text: it

text: may

text: also

text: cover

text: any

text: linguistic

text: analysis

text: either

text: at

text: a

text: level

text: beneath

text: the

text: word

text: including

text: syllable

text: onset

text: and

text: rime

text: articulatory

text: gestures

text: articulatory

text: features

text: mora

text: etc

text: or

text: at

text: all

text: levels

text: of

text: language

text: where

text: sound

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: structured

text: for

text: conveying

text: linguistic

text: meaning

text: Phonology

text: also

text: includes

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: equivalent

text: organizational

text: systems

text: in

text: sign

text: languages

question: What is phonology a branch of?

answer: linguistics

text: linguistics

question: What kind of systems are the traditional focus of phonology?

answer: phonemes

text: phonemes

question: The study of sign language is a part of what?

answer: Phonology

text: Phonology


text: For much of Arsenal's history, their home colours have been bright red shirts with white sleeves and white shorts, though this has not always been the case. The choice of red is in recognition of a charitable donation from Nottingham Forest, soon after Arsenal's foundation in 1886. Two of Dial Square's founding members, Fred Beardsley and Morris Bates, were former Forest players who had moved to Woolwich for work. As they put together the first team in the area, no kit could be found, so Beardsley and Bates wrote home for help and received a set of kit and a ball. The shirt was redcurrant, a dark shade of red, and was worn with white shorts and socks with blue and white hoops.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

text: For

text: much

text: of

text: Arsenal

text: 's

text: history

text: their

text: home

text: colours

text: have

text: been

text: bright

text: red

text: shirts

text: with

text: white

text: sleeves

text: and

text: white

text: shorts

text: though

text: this

text: has

text: not

text: always

text: been

text: the

text: case

text: The

text: choice

text: of

text: red

text: is

text: in

text: recognition

text: of

text: a

text: charitable

text: donation

text: from

text: Nottingham

text: Forest

text: soon

text: after

text: Arsenal

text: 's

text: foundation

text: in

text: Two

text: of

text: Dial

text: Square

text: 's

text: founding

text: members

text: Fred

text: Beardsley

text: and

text: Morris

text: Bates

text: were

text: former

text: Forest

text: players

text: who

text: had

text: moved

text: to

text: Woolwich

text: for

text: work

text: As

text: they

text: put

text: together

text: the

text: first

text: team

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: no

text: kit

text: could

text: be

text: found

text: so

text: Beardsley

text: and

text: Bates

text: wrote

text: home

text: for

text: help

text: and

text: received

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: kit

text: and

text: a

text: ball

text: The

text: shirt

text: was

text: redcurrant

text: a

text: dark

text: shade

text: of

text: red

text: and

text: was

text: worn

text: with

text: white

text: shorts

text: and

text: socks

text: with

text: blue

text: and

text: white

text: hoops

question: What has the color of the Arsenal  home shirts been?

answer: bright red

text: bright red

question: In recognition of what event was the color red adopted for Arsenal shirts?

answer: charitable donation

text: charitable donation

question: What was the early name for the Arsenal FC?

answer: Dial Square

text: Dial Square

question: Which founding members were responsible for the red shirts?

answer: Fred Beardsley and Morris Bates

text: Fred Beardsley and Morris Bates

question: What was the color  of the early uniforms' shorts and socks?

answer: white

text: white


text: Relying exclusively on unedited machine translation, however, ignores the fact that communication in human language is context-embedded and that it takes a person to comprehend the context of the original text with a reasonable degree of probability. It is certainly true that even purely human-generated translations are prone to error; therefore, to ensure that a machine-generated translation will be useful to a human being and that publishable-quality translation is achieved, such translations must be reviewed and edited by a human.

title: Translation

title: Translation

text: Relying

text: exclusively

text: on

text: unedited

text: machine

text: translation

text: however

text: ignores

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: communication

text: in

text: human

text: language

text: is

text: context

text: embedded

text: and

text: that

text: it

text: takes

text: a

text: person

text: to

text: comprehend

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: text

text: with

text: a

text: reasonable

text: degree

text: of

text: probability

text: It

text: is

text: certainly

text: true

text: that

text: even

text: purely

text: human

text: generated

text: translations

text: are

text: prone

text: to

text: error

text: therefore

text: to

text: ensure

text: that

text: a

text: machine

text: generated

text: translation

text: will

text: be

text: useful

text: to

text: a

text: human

text: being

text: and

text: that

text: publishable

text: quality

text: translation

text: is

text: achieved

text: such

text: translations

text: must

text: be

text: reviewed

text: and

text: edited

text: by

text: a

text: human

question: Unedited machine translation will miss what crucial aspect of human language?

answer: context-embedded

text: context-embedded

question: What does it take a person to be able to do?

answer: comprehend the context of the original text

text: comprehend the context of the original text

question: What can even translations completely done by a human still be prone to?

answer: error

text: error

question: How must machine translations be transformed by a human?

answer: reviewed and edited

text: reviewed and edited


text: The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: received

text: full

text: independence

text: from

text: France

text: on

text: August

text: Fulbert

text: Youlou

text: ruled

text: as

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: first

text: president

text: until

text: labour

text: elements

text: and

text: rival

text: political

text: parties

text: instigated

text: a

text: three

text: day

text: uprising

text: that

text: ousted

text: him

text: The

text: Congolese

text: military

text: took

text: charge

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: briefly

text: and

text: installed

text: a

text: civilian

text: provisional

text: government

text: headed

text: by

text: Alphonse

text: Massamba

text: Débat

question: On what date was the Congo made fully independent from colonial rule?

answer: August 15, 1960

text: August 15, 1960

question: Who was the first leader of the independent Congo?

answer: Fulbert Youlou

text: Fulbert Youlou

question: Who replaced Youlou?

answer: Alphonse Massamba-Débat

text: Alphonse Massamba-Débat

question: Who were responsible for the revolts that ended with Youlou's removal?

answer: labour elements and rival political parties

text: labour elements and rival political parties

question: Who took control of the company during the transition from Youlou to Debat?

answer: Congolese military

text: Congolese military


text: Other major campus installations include towers in Montreal, Paris, and Atlanta; software labs in Raleigh-Durham, Rome, Cracow and Toronto; Johannesburg, Seattle; and facilities in Hakozaki and Yamato. The company also operates the IBM Scientific Center, Hursley House, the Canada Head Office Building, IBM Rochester, and the Somers Office Complex. The company's contributions to architecture and design, which include works by Eero Saarinen, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and I.M. Pei, have been recognized. Van der Rohe's 330 North Wabash building in Chicago, the original center of the company's research division post-World War II, was recognized with the 1990 Honor Award from the National Building Museum.

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: Other

text: major

text: campus

text: installations

text: include

text: towers

text: in

text: Montreal

text: Paris

text: and

text: Atlanta

text: software

text: labs

text: in

text: Raleigh

text: Durham

text: Rome

text: Cracow

text: and

text: Toronto

text: Johannesburg

text: Seattle

text: and

text: facilities

text: in

text: Hakozaki

text: and

text: Yamato

text: The

text: company

text: also

text: operates

text: the

text: IBM

text: Scientific

text: Center

text: Hursley

text: House

text: the

text: Canada

text: Head

text: Office

text: Building

text: IBM

text: Rochester

text: and

text: the

text: Somers

text: Office

text: Complex

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: contributions

text: to

text: architecture

text: and

text: design

text: which

text: include

text: works

text: by

text: Eero

text: Saarinen

text: Ludwig

text: Mies

text: van

text: der

text: Rohe

text: and

text: I.M.

text: Pei

text: have

text: been

text: recognized

text: Van

text: der

text: Rohe

text: 's

text: North

text: Wabash

text: building

text: in

text: Chicago

text: the

text: original

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: research

text: division

text: post

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: was

text: recognized

text: with

text: the

text: Honor

text: Award

text: from

text: the

text: National

text: Building

text: Museum

question: What building did Van der Rohe create for IBM?

answer: 330 North Wabash building in Chicago

text: 330 North Wabash building in Chicago

question: The 330 North Wabash building served as what post World War 2?

answer: center of the company's research division

text: center of the company's research division

question: The 330 North Wabash Building was recognized with what award?

answer: 1990 Honor Award

text: 1990 Honor Award

question: IBM has towers in which cities?

answer: Montreal, Paris, and Atlanta

text: Montreal, Paris, and Atlanta

question: IBM has worked with architects and designers such as Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, I.M. Pei, and Van der Rohe, name one  more.

answer: Eero Saarinen

text: Eero Saarinen


text: Regular script typefaces are also commonly used, but not as common as Ming or sans-serif typefaces for body text. Regular script typefaces are often used to teach students Chinese characters, and often aim to match the standard forms of the region where they are meant to be used. Most typefaces in the Song dynasty were regular script typefaces which resembled a particular person's handwriting (e.g. the handwriting of Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing, or Liu Gongquan), while most modern regular script typefaces tend toward anonymity and regularity.

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: Regular

text: script

text: typefaces

text: are

text: also

text: commonly

text: used

text: but

text: not

text: as

text: common

text: as

text: Ming

text: or

text: sans

text: serif

text: typefaces

text: for

text: body

text: text

text: Regular

text: script

text: typefaces

text: are

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: teach

text: students

text: Chinese

text: characters

text: and

text: often

text: aim

text: to

text: match

text: the

text: standard

text: forms

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: meant

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: Most

text: typefaces

text: in

text: the

text: Song

text: dynasty

text: were

text: regular

text: script

text: typefaces

text: which

text: resembled

text: a

text: particular

text: person

text: 's

text: handwriting

text: e.g.

text: the

text: handwriting

text: of

text: Ouyang

text: Xun

text: Yan

text: Zhenqing

text: or

text: Liu

text: Gongquan

text: while

text: most

text: modern

text: regular

text: script

text: typefaces

text: tend

text: toward

text: anonymity

text: and

text: regularity

question: What are commonly used?

answer: Regular script typefaces

text: Regular script typefaces

question: What are often used to teach students Chinese characters?

answer: Regular script typefaces

text: Regular script typefaces

question: What resembles an actual person's handwriting?

answer: handwriting of Ouyang Xun

text: handwriting of Ouyang Xun


text: Jonathan Bellman writes that modern concert performance style—set in the "conservatory" tradition of late 19th- and 20th-century music schools, and suitable for large auditoria or recordings—militates against what is known of Chopin's more intimate performance technique. The composer himself said to a pupil that "concerts are never real music, you have to give up the idea of hearing in them all the most beautiful things of art." Contemporary accounts indicate that in performance, Chopin avoided rigid procedures sometimes incorrectly attributed to him, such as "always crescendo to a high note", but that he was concerned with expressive phrasing, rhythmic consistency and sensitive colouring. Berlioz wrote in 1853 that Chopin "has created a kind of chromatic embroidery ... whose effect is so strange and piquant as to be impossible to describe ... virtually nobody but Chopin himself can play this music and give it this unusual turn". Hiller wrote that "What in the hands of others was elegant embellishment, in his hands became a colourful wreath of flowers."

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: Jonathan

text: Bellman

text: writes

text: that

text: modern

text: concert

text: performance

text: style

text: set

text: in

text: the

text: conservatory

text: tradition

text: of

text: late

text: and

text: century

text: music

text: schools

text: and

text: suitable

text: for

text: large

text: auditoria

text: or

text: recordings

text: militates

text: against

text: what

text: is

text: known

text: of

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: more

text: intimate

text: performance

text: technique

text: The

text: composer

text: himself

text: said

text: to

text: a

text: pupil

text: that

text: concerts

text: are

text: never

text: real

text: music

text: you

text: have

text: to

text: give

text: up

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: hearing

text: in

text: them

text: all

text: the

text: most

text: beautiful

text: things

text: of

text: art

text: Contemporary

text: accounts

text: indicate

text: that

text: in

text: performance

text: Chopin

text: avoided

text: rigid

text: procedures

text: sometimes

text: incorrectly

text: attributed

text: to

text: him

text: such

text: as

text: always

text: crescendo

text: to

text: a

text: high

text: note

text: but

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: concerned

text: with

text: expressive

text: phrasing

text: rhythmic

text: consistency

text: and

text: sensitive

text: colouring

text: Berlioz

text: wrote

text: in

text: that

text: Chopin

text: has

text: created

text: a

text: kind

text: of

text: chromatic

text: embroidery

text: whose

text: effect

text: is

text: so

text: strange

text: and

text: piquant

text: as

text: to

text: be

text: impossible

text: to

text: describe

text: virtually

text: nobody

text: but

text: Chopin

text: himself

text: can

text: play

text: this

text: music

text: and

text: give

text: it

text: this

text: unusual

text: turn

text: Hiller

text: wrote

text: that

text: What

text: in

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: others

text: was

text: elegant

text: embellishment

text: in

text: his

text: hands

text: became

text: a

text: colourful

text: wreath

text: of

text: flowers

question: Who wrote that the current large concert style conflicts with Chopin's preference of intimate performances?

answer: Jonathan Bellman

text: Jonathan Bellman

question: What did Chopin tend to avoid?

answer: rigid procedures

text: rigid procedures

question: What has been falsely credited to Chopin?

answer: "always crescendo to a high note"

text: "always crescendo to a high note"

question: What did Chopin tell a student is given up in concerts?

answer: hearing in them all the most beautiful things of art

text: hearing in them all the most beautiful things of art

question: Who wrote about Chopin's "chromatic embroidery"?

answer: Berlioz

text: Berlioz

question: Who wrote that Chopin's music, when played by him, became a "colorful wreath of flowers"?

answer: Hiller

text: Hiller


text: On 18 June 1948, the National Security Council issued Directive 10/2 calling for covert action against the USSR, and granting the authority to carry out covert operations against "hostile foreign states or groups" that could, if needed, be denied by the U.S. government. To this end, the Office of Policy Coordination was created inside the new CIA. The OPC was quite unique; Frank Wisner, the head of the OPC, answered not to the CIA Director, but to the secretaries of defense, state, and the NSC, and the OPC's actions were a secret even from the head of the CIA. Most CIA stations had two station chiefs, one working for the OSO, and one working for the OPC.

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

text: On

text: June

text: the

text: National

text: Security

text: Council

text: issued

text: Directive

text: calling

text: for

text: covert

text: action

text: against

text: the

text: USSR

text: and

text: granting

text: the

text: authority

text: to

text: carry

text: out

text: covert

text: operations

text: against

text: hostile

text: foreign

text: states

text: or

text: groups

text: that

text: could

text: if

text: needed

text: be

text: denied

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: government

text: To

text: this

text: end

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Policy

text: Coordination

text: was

text: created

text: inside

text: the

text: new

text: CIA

text: The

text: OPC

text: was

text: quite

text: unique

text: Frank

text: Wisner

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: OPC

text: answered

text: not

text: to

text: the

text: CIA

text: Director

text: but

text: to

text: the

text: secretaries

text: of

text: defense

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: NSC

text: and

text: the

text: OPC

text: 's

text: actions

text: were

text: a

text: secret

text: even

text: from

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: CIA

text: Most

text: CIA

text: stations

text: had

text: two

text: station

text: chiefs

text: one

text: working

text: for

text: the

text: OSO

text: and

text: one

text: working

text: for

text: the

text: OPC

question: In what year was directive 10/2 issued?

answer: 1948

question: Who was the head of the OPC?

answer: Frank Wisner

text: Frank Wisner

question: Most CIA stations had how many chiefs?

answer: two

text: two

question: Directive 10/2 called for actions against who?

answer: the USSR

text: the USSR