text: As a member of the European Union, Estonia is considered a high-income economy by the World Bank. The GDP (PPP) per capita of the country, a good indicator of wealth, was in 2015 $28,781 according to the IMF, between that of Slovak Republic and Lithuania, but below that of other long-time EU members such as Italy or Spain. The country is ranked 8th in the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom, and the 4th freest economy in Europe. Because of its rapid growth, Estonia has often been described as a Baltic Tiger beside Lithuania and Latvia. Beginning 1 January 2011, Estonia adopted the euro and became the 17th eurozone member state.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: As

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Estonia

text: is

text: considered

text: a

text: high

text: income

text: economy

text: by

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: The

text: GDP

text: PPP

text: per

text: capita

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: a

text: good

text: indicator

text: of

text: wealth

text: was

text: in

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: IMF

text: between

text: that

text: of

text: Slovak

text: Republic

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: but

text: below

text: that

text: of

text: other

text: long

text: time

text: EU

text: members

text: such

text: as

text: Italy

text: or

text: Spain

text: The

text: country

text: is

text: ranked

text: in

text: the

text: Index

text: of

text: Economic

text: Freedom

text: and

text: the

text: freest

text: economy

text: in

text: Europe

text: Because

text: of

text: its

text: rapid

text: growth

text: Estonia

text: has

text: often

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: a

text: Baltic

text: Tiger

text: beside

text: Lithuania

text: and

text: Latvia

text: Beginning

text: January

text: Estonia

text: adopted

text: the

text: euro

text: and

text: became

text: the

text: eurozone

text: member

text: state

question: What institution views the economy of Estonia as high income?

answer: the World Bank

text: the World Bank

question: What was the GDP of Estonia in 2015?

answer: $28,781

question: What countries share similar levels of GDP with Estonia?

answer: Slovak Republic and Lithuania

text: Slovak Republic and Lithuania

question: Where is Estonia ranked in the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom?

answer: 8th


text: Lack of political unity within Greece resulted in frequent conflict between Greek states. The most devastating intra-Greek war was the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), won by Sparta and marking the demise of the Athenian Empire as the leading power in ancient Greece. Both Athens and Sparta were later overshadowed by Thebes and eventually Macedon, with the latter uniting the Greek world in the League of Corinth (also known as the Hellenic League or Greek League) under the guidance of Phillip II, who was elected leader of the first unified Greek state in history.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: Lack

text: of

text: political

text: unity

text: within

text: Greece

text: resulted

text: in

text: frequent

text: conflict

text: between

text: Greek

text: states

text: The

text: most

text: devastating

text: intra

text: Greek

text: war

text: was

text: the

text: Peloponnesian

text: War

text: BC

text: won

text: by

text: Sparta

text: and

text: marking

text: the

text: demise

text: of

text: the

text: Athenian

text: Empire

text: as

text: the

text: leading

text: power

text: in

text: ancient

text: Greece

text: Both

text: Athens

text: and

text: Sparta

text: were

text: later

text: overshadowed

text: by

text: Thebes

text: and

text: eventually

text: Macedon

text: with

text: the

text: latter

text: uniting

text: the

text: Greek

text: world

text: in

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Corinth

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: League

text: or

text: Greek

text: League

text: under

text: the

text: guidance

text: of

text: Phillip

text: II

text: who

text: was

text: elected

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: unified

text: Greek

text: state

text: in

text: history

question: The war from 431-404 BC is known as what?

answer: Peloponnesian War

text: Peloponnesian War

question: What often caused strife between Greek states?

answer: Lack of political unity

text: Lack of political unity

question: Who won the Peloponnesian war?

answer: Sparta

text: Sparta

question: Who eventually brought the Greeks together?

answer: Macedon

text: Macedon

question: Who was the first leader of a unified Greece?

answer: Phillip II

text: Phillip II


text: Himachal has a rich heritage of handicrafts. These include woolen and pashmina shawls, carpets, silver and metal ware, embroidered chappals, grass shoes, Kangra and Gompa style paintings, wood work, horse-hair bangles, wooden and metal utensils and various other house hold items. These aesthetic and tasteful handicrafts declined under competition from machine made goods and also because of lack of marketing facilities. But now the demand for handicrafts has increased within and outside the country.

title: Himachal_Pradesh

title: Himachal_Pradesh

text: Himachal

text: has

text: a

text: rich

text: heritage

text: of

text: handicrafts

text: These

text: include

text: woolen

text: and

text: pashmina

text: shawls

text: carpets

text: silver

text: and

text: metal

text: ware

text: embroidered

text: chappals

text: grass

text: shoes

text: Kangra

text: and

text: Gompa

text: style

text: paintings

text: wood

text: work

text: horse

text: hair

text: bangles

text: wooden

text: and

text: metal

text: utensils

text: and

text: various

text: other

text: house

text: hold

text: items

text: These

text: aesthetic

text: and

text: tasteful

text: handicrafts

text: declined

text: under

text: competition

text: from

text: machine

text: made

text: goods

text: and

text: also

text: because

text: of

text: lack

text: of

text: marketing

text: facilities

text: But

text: now

text: the

text: demand

text: for

text: handicrafts

text: has

text: increased

text: within

text: and

text: outside

text: the

text: country

question: What does Himachal have a rich heritage of?

answer: handicrafts

text: handicrafts

question: Has the demand increased or decreased for handcrafts?

answer: increased

text: increased

question: What handcrafts do they include?

answer: woolen and pashmina shawls

text: woolen and pashmina shawls

question: What declined under competition?

answer: aesthetic and tasteful handicrafts

text: aesthetic and tasteful handicrafts

question: Has the demand increased inside or outside the country?

answer: within and outside the country

text: within and outside the country


text: The discipline of plant ecology was pioneered in the late 19th century by botanists such as Eugenius Warming, who produced the hypothesis that plants form communities, and his mentor and successor Christen C. Raunkiær whose system for describing plant life forms is still in use today. The concept that the composition of plant communities such as temperate broadleaf forest changes by a process of ecological succession was developed by Henry Chandler Cowles, Arthur Tansley and Frederic Clements. Clements is credited with the idea of climax vegetation as the most complex vegetation that an environment can support and Tansley introduced the concept of ecosystems to biology. Building on the extensive earlier work of Alphonse de Candolle, Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943) produced accounts of the biogeography, centres of origin, and evolutionary history of economic plants.

title: Botany

title: Botany

text: The

text: discipline

text: of

text: plant

text: ecology

text: was

text: pioneered

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: by

text: botanists

text: such

text: as

text: Eugenius

text: Warming

text: who

text: produced

text: the

text: hypothesis

text: that

text: plants

text: form

text: communities

text: and

text: his

text: mentor

text: and

text: successor

text: Christen

text: C.

text: Raunkiær

text: whose

text: system

text: for

text: describing

text: plant

text: life

text: forms

text: is

text: still

text: in

text: use

text: today

text: The

text: concept

text: that

text: the

text: composition

text: of

text: plant

text: communities

text: such

text: as

text: temperate

text: broadleaf

text: forest

text: changes

text: by

text: a

text: process

text: of

text: ecological

text: succession

text: was

text: developed

text: by

text: Henry

text: Chandler

text: Cowles

text: Arthur

text: Tansley

text: and

text: Frederic

text: Clements

text: Clements

text: is

text: credited

text: with

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: climax

text: vegetation

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: complex

text: vegetation

text: that

text: an

text: environment

text: can

text: support

text: and

text: Tansley

text: introduced

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: ecosystems

text: to

text: biology

text: Building

text: on

text: the

text: extensive

text: earlier

text: work

text: of

text: Alphonse

text: de

text: Candolle

text: Nikolai

text: Vavilov

text: produced

text: accounts

text: of

text: the

text: biogeography

text: centres

text: of

text: origin

text: and

text: evolutionary

text: history

text: of

text: economic

text: plants

question: What did Warming believe that plants can do?

answer: form communities

text: form communities

question: What is the term for the most complex plant life in a specific environment?

answer: climax vegetation

text: climax vegetation

question: Who created the concept of ecosystems?

answer: Arthur Tansley

text: Arthur Tansley

question: Whose earlier work did Nicholas Vavilov build upon?

answer: Alphonse de Candolle

text: Alphonse de Candolle

question: What history did Vavilov write about?

answer: history of economic plants

text: history of economic plants


text: The TD Garden, formerly called the FleetCenter and built to replace the old, since-demolished Boston Garden, is adjoined to North Station and is the home of two major league teams: the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association. The arena seats 18,624 for basketball games and 17,565 for ice hockey games. The Bruins were the first American member of the National Hockey League and an Original Six franchise. The Boston Celtics were founding members of the Basketball Association of America, one of the two leagues that merged to form the NBA. The Celtics have the distinction of having won more championships than any other NBA team, with seventeen.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: The

text: TD

text: Garden

text: formerly

text: called

text: the

text: FleetCenter

text: and

text: built

text: to

text: replace

text: the

text: old

text: since

text: demolished

text: Boston

text: Garden

text: is

text: adjoined

text: to

text: North

text: Station

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: two

text: major

text: league

text: teams

text: the

text: Boston

text: Bruins

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: and

text: the

text: Boston

text: Celtics

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Basketball

text: Association

text: The

text: arena

text: seats

text: for

text: basketball

text: games

text: and

text: for

text: ice

text: hockey

text: games

text: The

text: Bruins

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: American

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Hockey

text: League

text: and

text: an

text: Original

text: Six

text: franchise

text: The

text: Boston

text: Celtics

text: were

text: founding

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Basketball

text: Association

text: of

text: America

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: leagues

text: that

text: merged

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: NBA

text: The

text: Celtics

text: have

text: the

text: distinction

text: of

text: having

text: won

text: more

text: championships

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: NBA

text: team

text: with

text: seventeen

question: What is the TD Gardens former name?

answer: the FleetCenter

text: the FleetCenter

question: What was the FleetCenter built to replace?

answer: Boston Garden

text: Boston Garden

question: How many teams is TD garden the home to?

answer: two

text: two

question: How many people can be seated in a basketball game at TD Garden?

answer: 18,624

question: How many people can be seated for an ice hockey game at TD Garden?

answer: 17,565


text: When used as a count noun "a culture", is the set of customs, traditions and values of a society or community, such as an ethnic group or nation. In this sense, multiculturalism is a concept that values the peaceful coexistence and mutual respect between different cultures inhabiting the same territory. Sometimes "culture" is also used to describe specific practices within a subgroup of a society, a subculture (e.g. "bro culture"), or a counter culture. Within cultural anthropology, the ideology and analytical stance of cultural relativism holds that cultures cannot easily be objectively ranked or evaluated because any evaluation is necessarily situated within the value system of a given culture.

title: Culture

title: Culture

text: When

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: count

text: noun

text: a

text: culture

text: is

text: the

text: set

text: of

text: customs

text: traditions

text: and

text: values

text: of

text: a

text: society

text: or

text: community

text: such

text: as

text: an

text: ethnic

text: group

text: or

text: nation

text: In

text: this

text: sense

text: multiculturalism

text: is

text: a

text: concept

text: that

text: values

text: the

text: peaceful

text: coexistence

text: and

text: mutual

text: respect

text: between

text: different

text: cultures

text: inhabiting

text: the

text: same

text: territory

text: Sometimes

text: culture

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: specific

text: practices

text: within

text: a

text: subgroup

text: of

text: a

text: society

text: a

text: subculture

text: e.g.

text: bro

text: culture

text: or

text: a

text: counter

text: culture

text: Within

text: cultural

text: anthropology

text: the

text: ideology

text: and

text: analytical

text: stance

text: of

text: cultural

text: relativism

text: holds

text: that

text: cultures

text: can

text: not

text: easily

text: be

text: objectively

text: ranked

text: or

text: evaluated

text: because

text: any

text: evaluation

text: is

text: necessarily

text: situated

text: within

text: the

text: value

text: system

text: of

text: a

text: given

text: culture

question: What does the term "Count Noun" mean?

answer: a culture

text: a culture

question: What cultural traits fall under the term count noun?

answer: customs, traditions and values of a society or community

text: customs, traditions and values of a society or community

question: What falls within the term "cultural anthropology"?

answer: the ideology and analytical stance of cultural relativism

text: the ideology and analytical stance of cultural relativism


text: Another group of residences, known as the Village, is located in the northwest corner of Danforth Campus. Only open to upperclassmen and January Scholars, the North Side consists of Millbrook Apartments, The Village, Village East on-campus apartments, and all fraternity houses except the Zeta Beta Tau house, which is off campus and located just northwest of the South 40. Sororities at Washington University do not have houses by their own accord. The Village is a group of residences where students who have similar interests or academic goals apply as small groups of 4 to 24, known as BLOCs, to live together in clustered suites along with non-BLOCs. Like the South 40, the residences around the Village also surround a recreational lawn.

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

text: Another

text: group

text: of

text: residences

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Village

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: northwest

text: corner

text: of

text: Danforth

text: Campus

text: Only

text: open

text: to

text: upperclassmen

text: and

text: January

text: Scholars

text: the

text: North

text: Side

text: consists

text: of

text: Millbrook

text: Apartments

text: The

text: Village

text: Village

text: East

text: on

text: campus

text: apartments

text: and

text: all

text: fraternity

text: houses

text: except

text: the

text: Zeta

text: Beta

text: Tau

text: house

text: which

text: is

text: off

text: campus

text: and

text: located

text: just

text: northwest

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Sororities

text: at

text: Washington

text: University

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: houses

text: by

text: their

text: own

text: accord

text: The

text: Village

text: is

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: residences

text: where

text: students

text: who

text: have

text: similar

text: interests

text: or

text: academic

text: goals

text: apply

text: as

text: small

text: groups

text: of

text: to

text: known

text: as

text: BLOCs

text: to

text: live

text: together

text: in

text: clustered

text: suites

text: along

text: with

text: non

text: BLOCs

text: Like

text: the

text: South

text: the

text: residences

text: around

text: the

text: Village

text: also

text: surround

text: a

text: recreational

text: lawn

question: Where is the Village located at Washington University?

answer: the northwest corner of Danforth Campus

text: the northwest corner of Danforth Campus

question: What students are allowed in the North Side residences at Washington University?

answer: upperclassmen and January Scholars

text: upperclassmen and January Scholars

question: How many students are composed in Blocs?

answer: groups of 4 to 24

text: groups of 4 to 24

question: What residences comprise the North Side of Washington University?

answer: Millbrook Apartments, The Village, Village East on-campus apartments

text: Millbrook Apartments, The Village, Village East on-campus apartments

question: How are students grouped in BLOCS at  the Village residences?

answer: students who have similar interests or academic goals

text: students who have similar interests or academic goals


text: The nationalist parties, in turn, demanded devolution to their respective constituent countries in return for their supporting the government. When referendums for Scottish and Welsh devolution were held in March 1979 Welsh devolution was rejected outright while the Scottish referendum returned a narrow majority in favour without reaching the required threshold of 40% support. When the Labour government duly refused to push ahead with setting up the proposed Scottish Assembly, the SNP withdrew its support for the government: this finally brought the government down as it triggered a vote of confidence in Callaghan's government that was lost by a single vote on 28 March 1979, necessitating a general election.

title: Labour_Party_(UK)

title: Labour_Party_(UK

text: The

text: nationalist

text: parties

text: in

text: turn

text: demanded

text: devolution

text: to

text: their

text: respective

text: constituent

text: countries

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: their

text: supporting

text: the

text: government

text: When

text: referendums

text: for

text: Scottish

text: and

text: Welsh

text: devolution

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: March

text: Welsh

text: devolution

text: was

text: rejected

text: outright

text: while

text: the

text: Scottish

text: referendum

text: returned

text: a

text: narrow

text: majority

text: in

text: favour

text: without

text: reaching

text: the

text: required

text: threshold

text: of

text: support

text: When

text: the

text: Labour

text: government

text: duly

text: refused

text: to

text: push

text: ahead

text: with

text: setting

text: up

text: the

text: proposed

text: Scottish

text: Assembly

text: the

text: SNP

text: withdrew

text: its

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: government

text: this

text: finally

text: brought

text: the

text: government

text: down

text: as

text: it

text: triggered

text: a

text: vote

text: of

text: confidence

text: in

text: Callaghan

text: 's

text: government

text: that

text: was

text: lost

text: by

text: a

text: single

text: vote

text: on

text: March

text: necessitating

text: a

text: general

text: election

question: In what year was the Scottish and Welsh devolution rejected?

answer: 1979

question: How many votes did the vote of confidence lose by in 1979?

answer: a single vote

text: a single vote


text: On August 23, after the failure of GKChP, in the presence of Gorbachev, Yeltsin signed a decree suspending all activity by the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR in the territory of Russia. On November 6, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR and the RSFSR from the territory of the RSFSR.

title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

text: On

text: August

text: after

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: GKChP

text: in

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: Gorbachev

text: Yeltsin

text: signed

text: a

text: decree

text: suspending

text: all

text: activity

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: in

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: Russia

text: On

text: November

text: he

text: went

text: further

text: banning

text: the

text: Communist

text: Parties

text: of

text: the

text: USSR

text: and

text: the

text: RSFSR

text: from

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: RSFSR

question: On what date was the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR suspended?

answer: August 23

text: August 23

question: Who signed the decree suspending the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR?

answer: Yeltsin

text: Yeltsin

question: On what date was the Communist Parties of the USSR banned from operating in the RSFSR?

answer: November 6

text: November 6

question: Aside from Yeltsin, what notable figure was present at the signing of the August 23 decree?

answer: Gorbachev

text: Gorbachev


text: The architecture of Montevideo ranges from Neoclassical buildings such as the Montevideo Metropolitan Cathedral to the Postmodern style of the World Trade Center Montevideo or the 158-metre (518 ft) ANTEL Telecommunication Tower, the tallest skyscraper in the country. The Along with the Telecommunications Tower, the Palacio Salvo dominates the skyline of the Bay of Montevideo. The building façades in the Old Town reflect the city's extensive European immigration, displaying the influence of old European architecture. Notable government buildings include the Legislative Palace, the City Hall, Estévez Palace and the Executive Tower. The most notable sports stadium is the Estadio Centenario within Parque Batlle. Parque Batlle, Parque Rodó and Parque Prado are Montevideo's three great parks.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: The

text: architecture

text: of

text: Montevideo

text: ranges

text: from

text: Neoclassical

text: buildings

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Montevideo

text: Metropolitan

text: Cathedral

text: to

text: the

text: Postmodern

text: style

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Trade

text: Center

text: Montevideo

text: or

text: the

text: ft

text: ANTEL

text: Telecommunication

text: Tower

text: the

text: tallest

text: skyscraper

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: Along

text: with

text: the

text: Telecommunications

text: Tower

text: the

text: Palacio

text: Salvo

text: dominates

text: the

text: skyline

text: of

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Montevideo

text: The

text: building

text: façades

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: Town

text: reflect

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: extensive

text: European

text: immigration

text: displaying

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: old

text: European

text: architecture

text: Notable

text: government

text: buildings

text: include

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Palace

text: the

text: City

text: Hall

text: Estévez

text: Palace

text: and

text: the

text: Executive

text: Tower

text: The

text: most

text: notable

text: sports

text: stadium

text: is

text: the

text: Estadio

text: Centenario

text: within

text: Parque

text: Batlle

text: Parque

text: Batlle

text: Parque

text: Rodó

text: and

text: Parque

text: Prado

text: are

text: Montevideo

text: 's

text: three

text: great

text: parks

question: What style of building is the Montevideo Metropolitan Cathedral?

answer: Neoclassical

text: Neoclassical

question: What style of building is the World Trade Center Montevideo?

answer: Postmodern

text: Postmodern

question: What is the tallest skyscraper in the country?

answer: ANTEL Telecommunication Tower

text: ANTEL Telecommunication Tower


text: At the end of the war, the victorious powers sought to divide up the Ottoman Empire. Signed between the Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire at Sèvres on 10 August 1920, the Treaty of Sèvres promised to maintain the existence of the Armenian republic and to attach the former territories of Ottoman Armenia to it. Because the new borders of Armenia were to be drawn by United States President Woodrow Wilson, Ottoman Armenia was also referred to as "Wilsonian Armenia." In addition, just days prior, on 5 August 1920, Mihran Damadian of the Armenian National Union, the de facto Armenian administration in Cilicia, declared the independence of Cilicia as an Armenian autonomous republic under French protectorate.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: the

text: victorious

text: powers

text: sought

text: to

text: divide

text: up

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: Signed

text: between

text: the

text: Allied

text: and

text: Associated

text: Powers

text: and

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: at

text: Sèvres

text: on

text: August

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Sèvres

text: promised

text: to

text: maintain

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: the

text: Armenian

text: republic

text: and

text: to

text: attach

text: the

text: former

text: territories

text: of

text: Ottoman

text: Armenia

text: to

text: it

text: Because

text: the

text: new

text: borders

text: of

text: Armenia

text: were

text: to

text: be

text: drawn

text: by

text: United

text: States

text: President

text: Woodrow

text: Wilson

text: Ottoman

text: Armenia

text: was

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Wilsonian

text: Armenia

text: In

text: addition

text: just

text: days

text: prior

text: on

text: August

text: Mihran

text: Damadian

text: of

text: the

text: Armenian

text: National

text: Union

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: Armenian

text: administration

text: in

text: Cilicia

text: declared

text: the

text: independence

text: of

text: Cilicia

text: as

text: an

text: Armenian

text: autonomous

text: republic

text: under

text: French

text: protectorate

question: When was the Treaty of Sevres signed?

answer: 10 August 1920

text: 10 August 1920

question: What is another name for Ottoman Armenia?

answer: Wilsonian Armenia

text: Wilsonian Armenia

question: Which US president specified the new Armenian borders?

answer: President Woodrow Wilson

text: President Woodrow Wilson

question: When did Cilicia declare independence?

answer: 5 August 1920

text: 5 August 1920

question: Who signed the Treaty of Sevres?

answer: Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire

text: Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire


text: Treaties are not necessarily permanently binding upon the signatory parties. As obligations in international law are traditionally viewed as arising only from the consent of states, many treaties expressly allow a state to withdraw as long as it follows certain procedures of notification. For example, the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs provides that the treaty will terminate if, as a result of denunciations, the number of parties falls below 40. Many treaties expressly forbid withdrawal. Article 56 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties provides that where a treaty is silent over whether or not it can be denounced there is a rebuttable presumption that it cannot be unilaterally denounced unless:

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: Treaties

text: are

text: not

text: necessarily

text: permanently

text: binding

text: upon

text: the

text: signatory

text: parties

text: As

text: obligations

text: in

text: international

text: law

text: are

text: traditionally

text: viewed

text: as

text: arising

text: only

text: from

text: the

text: consent

text: of

text: states

text: many

text: treaties

text: expressly

text: allow

text: a

text: state

text: to

text: withdraw

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: it

text: follows

text: certain

text: procedures

text: of

text: notification

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: Single

text: Convention

text: on

text: Narcotic

text: Drugs

text: provides

text: that

text: the

text: treaty

text: will

text: terminate

text: if

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: denunciations

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: parties

text: falls

text: below

text: Many

text: treaties

text: expressly

text: forbid

text: withdrawal

text: Article

text: of

text: the

text: Vienna

text: Convention

text: on

text: the

text: Law

text: of

text: Treaties

text: provides

text: that

text: where

text: a

text: treaty

text: is

text: silent

text: over

text: whether

text: or

text: not

text: it

text: can

text: be

text: denounced

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: rebuttable

text: presumption

text: that

text: it

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: unilaterally

text: denounced

text: unless

question: Traditionally, what must a state do in order for an obligation to arise in international law?

answer: consent

text: consent

question: What is the only barrier to withdrawal contained in many treaties?

answer: procedures of notification

text: procedures of notification

question: Are treaties permanently binding upon the signatory parties?

answer: not necessarily

text: not necessarily

question: What treaty will terminate if the number of parties falls below 40 as a result of denunciations?

answer: the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs

text: the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs

question: Which article of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties provides that there is a presumption that treaties cannot be unilaterally denounced?

answer: Article 56

text: Article 56


text: The Special Clerical Court handles crimes allegedly committed by clerics, although it has also taken on cases involving lay people. The Special Clerical Court functions independently of the regular judicial framework and is accountable only to the Supreme Leader. The Court's rulings are final and cannot be appealed. The Assembly of Experts, which meets for one week annually, comprises 86 "virtuous and learned" clerics elected by adult suffrage for eight-year terms. As with the presidential and parliamentary elections, the Guardian Council determines candidates' eligibility. The Assembly elects the Supreme Leader and has the constitutional authority to remove the Supreme Leader from power at any time. It has not challenged any of the Supreme Leader's decisions.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: The

text: Special

text: Clerical

text: Court

text: handles

text: crimes

text: allegedly

text: committed

text: by

text: clerics

text: although

text: it

text: has

text: also

text: taken

text: on

text: cases

text: involving

text: lay

text: people

text: The

text: Special

text: Clerical

text: Court

text: functions

text: independently

text: of

text: the

text: regular

text: judicial

text: framework

text: and

text: is

text: accountable

text: only

text: to

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Leader

text: The

text: Court

text: 's

text: rulings

text: are

text: final

text: and

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: appealed

text: The

text: Assembly

text: of

text: Experts

text: which

text: meets

text: for

text: one

text: week

text: annually

text: comprises

text: virtuous

text: and

text: learned

text: clerics

text: elected

text: by

text: adult

text: suffrage

text: for

text: eight

text: year

text: terms

text: As

text: with

text: the

text: presidential

text: and

text: parliamentary

text: elections

text: the

text: Guardian

text: Council

text: determines

text: candidates

text: eligibility

text: The

text: Assembly

text: elects

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Leader

text: and

text: has

text: the

text: constitutional

text: authority

text: to

text: remove

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Leader

text: from

text: power

text: at

text: any

text: time

text: It

text: has

text: not

text: challenged

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Leader

text: 's

text: decisions

question: When crimes are committed by clerics, who handles the cases?

answer: The Special Clerical Court

text: The Special Clerical Court

question: The Special Clerical Court is accountable to only which body?

answer: the Supreme Leader

text: the Supreme Leader

question: How often does the Assembly of Experts meet?

answer: one week annually

text: one week annually

question: The Assembly of Experts has how many clerics?

answer: 86

question: Which body can remove the Supreme Leader at any time by constitutional right?

answer: The Assembly of Experts

text: The Assembly of Experts


text: The state also has five Micropolitan Statistical Areas centered on Bozeman, Butte, Helena, Kalispell and Havre. These communities, excluding Havre, are colloquially known as the "big 7" Montana cities, as they are consistently the seven largest communities in Montana, with a significant population difference when these communities are compared to those that are 8th and lower on the list. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the population of Montana's seven most populous cities, in rank order, are Billings, Missoula, Great Falls, Bozeman, Butte, Helena and Kalispell. Based on 2013 census numbers, they collectively contain 35 percent of Montana's population. and the counties containing these communities hold 62 percent of the state's population. The geographic center of population of Montana is located in sparsely populated Meagher County, in the town of White Sulphur Springs.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: The

text: state

text: also

text: has

text: five

text: Micropolitan

text: Statistical

text: Areas

text: centered

text: on

text: Bozeman

text: Butte

text: Helena

text: Kalispell

text: and

text: Havre

text: These

text: communities

text: excluding

text: Havre

text: are

text: colloquially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: big

text: Montana

text: cities

text: as

text: they

text: are

text: consistently

text: the

text: seven

text: largest

text: communities

text: in

text: Montana

text: with

text: a

text: significant

text: population

text: difference

text: when

text: these

text: communities

text: are

text: compared

text: to

text: those

text: that

text: are

text: and

text: lower

text: on

text: the

text: list

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Census

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: Montana

text: 's

text: seven

text: most

text: populous

text: cities

text: in

text: rank

text: order

text: are

text: Billings

text: Missoula

text: Great

text: Falls

text: Bozeman

text: Butte

text: Helena

text: and

text: Kalispell

text: Based

text: on

text: census

text: numbers

text: they

text: collectively

text: contain

text: percent

text: of

text: Montana

text: 's

text: population

text: and

text: the

text: counties

text: containing

text: these

text: communities

text: hold

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: population

text: The

text: geographic

text: center

text: of

text: population

text: of

text: Montana

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: Meagher

text: County

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: White

text: Sulphur

text: Springs

question: How much of the states population does the "Big 7" have?

answer: 35 percent

text: 35 percent


text: Several campus safety strategies have been pioneered at Yale. The first campus police force was founded at Yale in 1894, when the university contracted city police officers to exclusively cover the campus. Later hired by the university, the officers were originally brought in to quell unrest between students and city residents and curb destructive student behavior. In addition to the Yale Police Department, a variety of safety services are available including blue phones, a safety escort, and 24-hour shuttle service.

title: Yale_University

title: Yale_University

text: Several

text: campus

text: safety

text: strategies

text: have

text: been

text: pioneered

text: at

text: Yale

text: The

text: first

text: campus

text: police

text: force

text: was

text: founded

text: at

text: Yale

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: university

text: contracted

text: city

text: police

text: officers

text: to

text: exclusively

text: cover

text: the

text: campus

text: Later

text: hired

text: by

text: the

text: university

text: the

text: officers

text: were

text: originally

text: brought

text: in

text: to

text: quell

text: unrest

text: between

text: students

text: and

text: city

text: residents

text: and

text: curb

text: destructive

text: student

text: behavior

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: Yale

text: Police

text: Department

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: safety

text: services

text: are

text: available

text: including

text: blue

text: phones

text: a

text: safety

text: escort

text: and

text: shuttle

text: service

question: When were the first campus police formed at Yale?

answer: 1894

question: Who were the the first campus police composed of?

answer: city police officers

text: city police officers

question: Why was the campus police established?

answer: quell unrest between students and city residents

text: quell unrest between students and city residents

question: What other safety measures are available at Yale besides campus police?

answer: blue phones, a safety escort, and 24-hour shuttle service.

text: blue phones, a safety escort, and 24-hour shuttle service.


text: They established communities throughout Central and Eastern Europe, which had been their primary region of concentration and residence until recent times, evolving their own distinctive characteristics and diasporic identities. In the late Middle Ages the center of gravity of the Ashkenazi population, and its traditional cultural life, shifted steadily eastward, out of the German lands into Poland and Lithuania (including present-day Belarus and Ukraine). In the course of the late 18th and 19th centuries, those Jews who remained in or returned to the German lands experienced a cultural reorientation; under the influence of the Haskalah and the struggle for emancipation, as well the intellectual and cultural ferment in urban centers, they gradually abandoned the use of Yiddish, while developing new forms of Jewish religious life and cultural identity.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: They

text: established

text: communities

text: throughout

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: their

text: primary

text: region

text: of

text: concentration

text: and

text: residence

text: until

text: recent

text: times

text: evolving

text: their

text: own

text: distinctive

text: characteristics

text: and

text: diasporic

text: identities

text: In

text: the

text: late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: gravity

text: of

text: the

text: Ashkenazi

text: population

text: and

text: its

text: traditional

text: cultural

text: life

text: shifted

text: steadily

text: eastward

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: lands

text: into

text: Poland

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: including

text: present

text: day

text: Belarus

text: and

text: Ukraine

text: In

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: centuries

text: those

text: Jews

text: who

text: remained

text: in

text: or

text: returned

text: to

text: the

text: German

text: lands

text: experienced

text: a

text: cultural

text: reorientation

text: under

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: Haskalah

text: and

text: the

text: struggle

text: for

text: emancipation

text: as

text: well

text: the

text: intellectual

text: and

text: cultural

text: ferment

text: in

text: urban

text: centers

text: they

text: gradually

text: abandoned

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: Yiddish

text: while

text: developing

text: new

text: forms

text: of

text: Jewish

text: religious

text: life

text: and

text: cultural

text: identity

question: In the late Middle Ages, the Ashkenazi population shifted in which direction?

answer: shifted steadily eastward

text: shifted steadily eastward

question: In the late Middle Ages, as the Ashkenazi population shifted it moved from what location?

answer: German lands

text: German lands

question: In the late Middle Ages, as the Ashkenazi population shifted it moved into which location?

answer: Poland and Lithuania (including present-day Belarus and Ukraine)

text: Poland and Lithuania (including present-day Belarus and Ukraine)

question: In the late 18th and 19th centuries, Jews who returned to German lands experienced what?

answer: a cultural reorientation

text: a cultural reorientation


text: After reconquering Estonia and Latvia in 1944, the Russian SFSR annexed their easternmost territories around Ivangorod and within the modern Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts in 1944-1945.

text: After

text: reconquering

text: Estonia

text: and

text: Latvia

text: in

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: annexed

text: their

text: easternmost

text: territories

text: around

text: Ivangorod

text: and

text: within

text: the

text: modern

text: Pechorsky

text: and

text: Pytalovsky

text: Districts

text: in

question: Along with Estonia, what country was taken over by the Russian SFSR in 1944?

answer: Latvia

text: Latvia

question: What modern districts of Estonia and Latvia were annexed by the RSFSR in 1944?

answer: Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts

text: Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts

question: Near what town did the RSFSR annex territory in 1944?

answer: Ivangorod

text: Ivangorod


text: Wang, Štrkalj et al. (2003) examined the use of race as a biological concept in research papers published in China's only biological anthropology journal, Acta Anthropologica Sinica. The study showed that the race concept was widely used among Chinese anthropologists. In a 2007 review paper, Štrkalj suggested that the stark contrast of the racial approach between the United States and China was due to the fact that race is a factor for social cohesion among the ethnically diverse people of China, whereas "race" is a very sensitive issue in America and the racial approach is considered to undermine social cohesion - with the result that in the socio-political context of US academics scientists are encouraged not to use racial categories, whereas in China they are encouraged to use them.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Wang

text: Štrkalj

text: et

text: al

text: examined

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: race

text: as

text: a

text: biological

text: concept

text: in

text: research

text: papers

text: published

text: in

text: China

text: 's

text: only

text: biological

text: anthropology

text: journal

text: Acta

text: Anthropologica

text: Sinica

text: The

text: study

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: race

text: concept

text: was

text: widely

text: used

text: among

text: Chinese

text: anthropologists

text: In

text: a

text: review

text: paper

text: Štrkalj

text: suggested

text: that

text: the

text: stark

text: contrast

text: of

text: the

text: racial

text: approach

text: between

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: China

text: was

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: race

text: is

text: a

text: factor

text: for

text: social

text: cohesion

text: among

text: the

text: ethnically

text: diverse

text: people

text: of

text: China

text: whereas

text: race

text: is

text: a

text: very

text: sensitive

text: issue

text: in

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: racial

text: approach

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: undermine

text: social

text: cohesion

text: with

text: the

text: result

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: socio

text: political

text: context

text: of

text: US

text: academics

text: scientists

text: are

text: encouraged

text: not

text: to

text: use

text: racial

text: categories

text: whereas

text: in

text: China

text: they

text: are

text: encouraged

text: to

text: use

text: them

question: What is the name of China's only anthropology journal?

answer: Acta Anthropologica Sinica

text: Acta Anthropologica Sinica

question: Who is the race concept widely used by?

answer: Chinese anthropologists

text: Chinese anthropologists

question: What is race a factor of for the ethnically diverse people of China?

answer: social cohesion

text: social cohesion

question: Why does race undermine social cohesion in America?

answer: sensitive issue

text: sensitive issue

question: What are academics in China encouraged to use that their American counterparts are not?

answer: racial categories

text: racial categories


text: In Sweden, the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court respectively function as the highest courts of the land. The Supreme Administrative Court considers cases concerning disputes between individuals and administrative organs, as well as disputes among administrative organs, while the Supreme Court considers all other cases. The judges are appointed by the Government. In most cases, the Supreme Courts will only grant leave to appeal a case (prövningstillstånd) if the case involves setting a precedent in the interpretation of the law. Exceptions are issues where the Supreme Court is the court of first instance. Such cases include an application for a retrial of a criminal case in the light of new evidence, and prosecutions made against an incumbent minister of the Government for severe neglect of duty. If a lower court has to try a case which involves a question where there is no settled interpretation of the law, it can also refer the question to the relevant Supreme Court for an answer.

title: Supreme_court

title: Supreme_court

text: In

text: Sweden

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: and

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Administrative

text: Court

text: respectively

text: function

text: as

text: the

text: highest

text: courts

text: of

text: the

text: land

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Administrative

text: Court

text: considers

text: cases

text: concerning

text: disputes

text: between

text: individuals

text: and

text: administrative

text: organs

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: disputes

text: among

text: administrative

text: organs

text: while

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: considers

text: all

text: other

text: cases

text: The

text: judges

text: are

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: Government

text: In

text: most

text: cases

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Courts

text: will

text: only

text: grant

text: leave

text: to

text: appeal

text: a

text: case

text: prövningstillstånd

text: if

text: the

text: case

text: involves

text: setting

text: a

text: precedent

text: in

text: the

text: interpretation

text: of

text: the

text: law

text: Exceptions

text: are

text: issues

text: where

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: is

text: the

text: court

text: of

text: first

text: instance

text: Such

text: cases

text: include

text: an

text: application

text: for

text: a

text: retrial

text: of

text: a

text: criminal

text: case

text: in

text: the

text: light

text: of

text: new

text: evidence

text: and

text: prosecutions

text: made

text: against

text: an

text: incumbent

text: minister

text: of

text: the

text: Government

text: for

text: severe

text: neglect

text: of

text: duty

text: If

text: a

text: lower

text: court

text: has

text: to

text: try

text: a

text: case

text: which

text: involves

text: a

text: question

text: where

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: settled

text: interpretation

text: of

text: the

text: law

text: it

text: can

text: also

text: refer

text: the

text: question

text: to

text: the

text: relevant

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: for

text: an

text: answer

question: Sweden's two high courts are what?

answer: the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court

text: the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court

question: What is a type of case heard by the Supreme Administrative Court?

answer: cases concerning disputes between individuals and administrative organs

text: cases concerning disputes between individuals and administrative organs

question: The Supreme Court hears what?

answer: all other cases

text: all other cases

question: How are judges placed on Sweden's high courts?

answer: appointed by the Government

text: appointed by the Government

question: The ability to appeal a case provided by Sweden's court system is called what?

answer: prövningstillstånd

text: prövningstillstånd


text: Seven clubs have won the FA Cup as part of a League and Cup double, namely Preston North End (1889), Aston Villa (1897), Tottenham Hotspur (1961), Arsenal (1971, 1998, 2002), Liverpool (1986), Manchester United (1994, 1996, 1999) and Chelsea (2010). In 1993, Arsenal became the first side to win both the FA Cup and the League Cup in the same season when they beat Sheffield Wednesday 2–1 in both finals. Liverpool (in 2001) and Chelsea (in 2007) have since repeated this feat. In 2012, Chelsea accomplished a different cup double consisting of the FA Cup and the 2012 Champions League. In 1998–99, Manchester United added the 1999 Champions League title to their league and cup double to complete a unique Treble. Two years later, in 2000–01, Liverpool won the FA Cup, League Cup and UEFA Cup to complete a cup treble. An English Treble has never been achieved.

title: FA_Cup

title: FA_Cup

text: Seven

text: clubs

text: have

text: won

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: League

text: and

text: Cup

text: double

text: namely

text: Preston

text: North

text: End

text: Aston

text: Villa

text: Tottenham

text: Hotspur

text: Arsenal

text: Liverpool

text: Manchester

text: United

text: and

text: Chelsea

text: In

text: Arsenal

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: side

text: to

text: win

text: both

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: and

text: the

text: League

text: Cup

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: season

text: when

text: they

text: beat

text: Sheffield

text: Wednesday

text: in

text: both

text: finals

text: Liverpool

text: in

text: and

text: Chelsea

text: in

text: have

text: since

text: repeated

text: this

text: feat

text: In

text: Chelsea

text: accomplished

text: a

text: different

text: cup

text: double

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: and

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: In

text: Manchester

text: United

text: added

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: title

text: to

text: their

text: league

text: and

text: cup

text: double

text: to

text: complete

text: a

text: unique

text: Treble

text: Two

text: years

text: later

text: in

text: Liverpool

text: won

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: League

text: Cup

text: and

text: UEFA

text: Cup

text: to

text: complete

text: a

text: cup

text: treble

text: An

text: English

text: Treble

text: has

text: never

text: been

text: achieved

question: How many clubs have won the fa cup as part of a league cup double?

answer: Seven clubs have won the FA Cup as part of a League and Cup double

text: Seven clubs have won the FA Cup as part of a League and Cup double

question: Who was the first clubs have won the fa cup as part of a league cup double?

answer: Preston North End (1889)

text: Preston North End (1889)

question: Who was the latest clubs have won the fa cup as part of a league cup double?

answer: Chelsea (2010)

text: Chelsea (2010)

question: Has any club won both in a same season?

answer: Arsenal became the first side to win both the FA Cup and the League Cup in the same season

text: Arsenal became the first side to win both the FA Cup and the League Cup in the same season

question: What year did that take place?

answer: 1993


text: On 25 February 1991, the Warsaw Pact was declared disbanded at a meeting of defense and foreign ministers from remaining Pact countries meeting in Hungary. On 1 July 1991, in Prague, the Czechoslovak President Václav Havel formally ended the 1955 Warsaw Treaty Organization of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance and so disestablished the Warsaw Treaty after 36 years of military alliance with the USSR. In fact, the treaty was de facto disbanded in December 1989 during the violent revolution in Romania, which toppled the communist government, without military intervention form other member states. The USSR disestablished itself in December 1991.

title: Warsaw_Pact

title: Warsaw_Pact

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: was

text: declared

text: disbanded

text: at

text: a

text: meeting

text: of

text: defense

text: and

text: foreign

text: ministers

text: from

text: remaining

text: Pact

text: countries

text: meeting

text: in

text: Hungary

text: On

text: July

text: in

text: Prague

text: the

text: Czechoslovak

text: President

text: Václav

text: Havel

text: formally

text: ended

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Treaty

text: Organization

text: of

text: Friendship

text: Cooperation

text: and

text: Mutual

text: Assistance

text: and

text: so

text: disestablished

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Treaty

text: after

text: years

text: of

text: military

text: alliance

text: with

text: the

text: USSR

text: In

text: fact

text: the

text: treaty

text: was

text: de

text: facto

text: disbanded

text: in

text: December

text: during

text: the

text: violent

text: revolution

text: in

text: Romania

text: which

text: toppled

text: the

text: communist

text: government

text: without

text: military

text: intervention

text: form

text: other

text: member

text: states

text: The

text: USSR

text: disestablished

text: itself

text: in

text: December

question: In which country did Warsaw Pact officials meet to dissolve the alliance?

answer: Hungary

text: Hungary

question: In which year did Romania overthrow its communist government?

answer: 1989

question: For how many years did the Warsaw Pact formally exist?

answer: 36


text: Examples of energy transformation include generating electric energy from heat energy via a steam turbine, or lifting an object against gravity using electrical energy driving a crane motor. Lifting against gravity performs mechanical work on the object and stores gravitational potential energy in the object. If the object falls to the ground, gravity does mechanical work on the object which transforms the potential energy in the gravitational field to the kinetic energy released as heat on impact with the ground. Our Sun transforms nuclear potential energy to other forms of energy; its total mass does not decrease due to that in itself (since it still contains the same total energy even if in different forms), but its mass does decrease when the energy escapes out to its surroundings, largely as radiant energy.

title: Energy

title: Energy

text: Examples

text: of

text: energy

text: transformation

text: include

text: generating

text: electric

text: energy

text: from

text: heat

text: energy

text: via

text: a

text: steam

text: turbine

text: or

text: lifting

text: an

text: object

text: against

text: gravity

text: using

text: electrical

text: energy

text: driving

text: a

text: crane

text: motor

text: Lifting

text: against

text: gravity

text: performs

text: mechanical

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: object

text: and

text: stores

text: gravitational

text: potential

text: energy

text: in

text: the

text: object

text: If

text: the

text: object

text: falls

text: to

text: the

text: ground

text: gravity

text: does

text: mechanical

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: object

text: which

text: transforms

text: the

text: potential

text: energy

text: in

text: the

text: gravitational

text: field

text: to

text: the

text: kinetic

text: energy

text: released

text: as

text: heat

text: on

text: impact

text: with

text: the

text: ground

text: Our

text: Sun

text: transforms

text: nuclear

text: potential

text: energy

text: to

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: energy

text: its

text: total

text: mass

text: does

text: not

text: decrease

text: due

text: to

text: that

text: in

text: itself

text: since

text: it

text: still

text: contains

text: the

text: same

text: total

text: energy

text: even

text: if

text: in

text: different

text: forms

text: but

text: its

text: mass

text: does

text: decrease

text: when

text: the

text: energy

text: escapes

text: out

text: to

text: its

text: surroundings

text: largely

text: as

text: radiant

text: energy

question: Give one example of energy transformation.

answer: generating electric energy from heat energy via a steam turbine

text: generating electric energy from heat energy via a steam turbine

question: What transforms nuclear potential energy to other forms of energy?

answer: Sun

text: Sun

question: What is another example of energy transformation?

answer: lifting an object against gravity using electrical energy driving a crane motor

text: lifting an object against gravity using electrical energy driving a crane motor


text: A traditional sport played in Tuvalu is kilikiti, which is similar to cricket. A popular sport specific to Tuvalu is Ano, which is played with two round balls of 12 cm (5 in) diameter. Ano is a localised version of volleyball, in which the two hard balls made from pandanus leaves are volleyed at great speed with the team members trying to stop the Ano hitting the ground. Traditional sports in the late 19th century were foot racing, lance throwing, quarterstaff fencing and wrestling, although the Christian missionaries disapproved of these activities.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: A

text: traditional

text: sport

text: played

text: in

text: Tuvalu

text: is

text: kilikiti

text: which

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: cricket

text: A

text: popular

text: sport

text: specific

text: to

text: Tuvalu

text: is

text: Ano

text: which

text: is

text: played

text: with

text: two

text: round

text: balls

text: of

text: cm

text: in

text: diameter

text: Ano

text: is

text: a

text: localised

text: version

text: of

text: volleyball

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: two

text: hard

text: balls

text: made

text: from

text: pandanus

text: leaves

text: are

text: volleyed

text: at

text: great

text: speed

text: with

text: the

text: team

text: members

text: trying

text: to

text: stop

text: the

text: Ano

text: hitting

text: the

text: ground

text: Traditional

text: sports

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: were

text: foot

text: racing

text: lance

text: throwing

text: quarterstaff

text: fencing

text: and

text: wrestling

text: although

text: the

text: Christian

text: missionaries

text: disapproved

text: of

text: these

text: activities

question: What is the traditional sport on Tuvalu?

answer: kilikiti

text: kilikiti

question: What is the Tuvalu version of volley ball?

answer: Ano

text: Ano

question: To what sport is kilikiti like?

answer: cricket

text: cricket

question: What group disliked the traditional war-like sports of Tuvalu?

answer: Christian missionaries

text: Christian missionaries

question: With what equipment is ano played?

answer: two hard balls

text: two hard balls


text: Peer acceptance and social norms gain a significantly greater hand in directing behavior at the onset of adolescence; as such, the alcohol and illegal drug habits of teens tend to be shaped largely by the substance use of friends and other classmates. In fact, studies suggest that more significantly than actual drug norms, an individual's perception of the illicit drug use by friends and peers is highly associated with his or her own habits in substance use during both middle and high school, a relationship that increases in strength over time. Whereas social influences on alcohol use and marijuana use tend to work directly in the short term, peer and friend norms on smoking cigarettes in middle school have a profound effect on one's own likelihood to smoke cigarettes well into high school. Perhaps the strong correlation between peer influence in middle school and cigarette smoking in high school may be explained by the addictive nature of cigarettes, which could lead many students to continue their smoking habits from middle school into late adolescence.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Peer

text: acceptance

text: and

text: social

text: norms

text: gain

text: a

text: significantly

text: greater

text: hand

text: in

text: directing

text: behavior

text: at

text: the

text: onset

text: of

text: adolescence

text: as

text: such

text: the

text: alcohol

text: and

text: illegal

text: drug

text: habits

text: of

text: teens

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: shaped

text: largely

text: by

text: the

text: substance

text: use

text: of

text: friends

text: and

text: other

text: classmates

text: In

text: fact

text: studies

text: suggest

text: that

text: more

text: significantly

text: than

text: actual

text: drug

text: norms

text: an

text: individual

text: 's

text: perception

text: of

text: the

text: illicit

text: drug

text: use

text: by

text: friends

text: and

text: peers

text: is

text: highly

text: associated

text: with

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: own

text: habits

text: in

text: substance

text: use

text: during

text: both

text: middle

text: and

text: high

text: school

text: a

text: relationship

text: that

text: increases

text: in

text: strength

text: over

text: time

text: Whereas

text: social

text: influences

text: on

text: alcohol

text: use

text: and

text: marijuana

text: use

text: tend

text: to

text: work

text: directly

text: in

text: the

text: short

text: term

text: peer

text: and

text: friend

text: norms

text: on

text: smoking

text: cigarettes

text: in

text: middle

text: school

text: have

text: a

text: profound

text: effect

text: on

text: one

text: 's

text: own

text: likelihood

text: to

text: smoke

text: cigarettes

text: well

text: into

text: high

text: school

text: Perhaps

text: the

text: strong

text: correlation

text: between

text: peer

text: influence

text: in

text: middle

text: school

text: and

text: cigarette

text: smoking

text: in

text: high

text: school

text: may

text: be

text: explained

text: by

text: the

text: addictive

text: nature

text: of

text: cigarettes

text: which

text: could

text: lead

text: many

text: students

text: to

text: continue

text: their

text: smoking

text: habits

text: from

text: middle

text: school

text: into

text: late

text: adolescence

question: What does the alcohol and illegal drug habits of teens tend to be shaped by?

answer: the substance use of friends and other classmates

text: the substance use of friends and other classmates

question: What is one possible reasoning behind many students choosing to continue their smoking habits from middle school into late adolescence?

answer: addictive nature of cigarettes

text: addictive nature of cigarettes

question: Do peer acceptance and social norms have a greater or lesser effect on behavior at the onset of adolescence?

answer: significantly greater

text: significantly greater


text: Publius Vergilius Maro (Classical Latin: [ˈpuː.blɪ.ʊs wɛrˈɡɪ.lɪ.ʊs ˈma.roː]; October 15, 70 BC – September 21, 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil /ˈvɜːrdʒᵻl/ in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He is known for three major works of Latin literature, the Eclogues (or Bucolics), the Georgics, and the epic Aeneid. A number of minor poems, collected in the Appendix Vergiliana, are sometimes attributed to him.

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: Publius

text: Vergilius

text: Maro

text: Classical

text: Latin

text: ˈpuː.blɪ.ʊs

text: wɛrˈɡɪ.lɪ.ʊs

text: ˈma.roː

text: October

text: BC

text: September

text: BC

text: usually

text: called

text: Virgil

text: or

text: Vergil

text: /ˈvɜːrdʒᵻl/

text: in

text: English

text: was

text: an

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: poet

text: of

text: the

text: Augustan

text: period

text: He

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: three

text: major

text: works

text: of

text: Latin

text: literature

text: the

text: Eclogues

text: or

text: Bucolics

text: the

text: Georgics

text: and

text: the

text: epic

text: Aeneid

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: minor

text: poems

text: collected

text: in

text: the

text: Appendix

text: Vergiliana

text: are

text: sometimes

text: attributed

text: to

text: him

question: During which period was Vigil a poet?

answer: Augustan

text: Augustan

question: How many major works of literature is Virgil known for?

answer: three

text: three

question: Which major Latin epic is Virgil known for?

answer: Aeneid

text: Aeneid

question: What is Virgil's full name?

answer: Publius Vergilius Maro

text: Publius Vergilius Maro

question: Which collection of minor poems are sometimes attributed to Virgil?

answer: Appendix Vergiliana

text: Appendix Vergiliana


text: In New York City in 1846, Alexander Turney Stewart established the "Marble Palace" on Broadway, between Chambers and Reade streets. He offered European retail merchandise at fixed prices on a variety of dry goods, and advertised a policy of providing "free entrance" to all potential customers. Though it was clad in white marble to look like a Renaissance palazzo, the building's cast iron construction permitted large plate glass windows that permitted major seasonal displays, especially in the Christmas shopping season. In 1862, Stewart built a new store on a full city block with eight floors and nineteen departments of dress goods and furnishing materials, carpets, glass and china, toys and sports equipment, ranged around a central glass-covered court. His innovations included buying from manufacturers for cash and in large quantities, keeping his markup small and prices low, truthful presentation of merchandise, the one-price policy (so there was no haggling), simple merchandise returns and cash refund policy, selling for cash and not credit, buyers who searched worldwide for quality merchandise, departmentalization, vertical and horizontal integration, volume sales, and free services for customers such as waiting rooms and free delivery of purchases. His innovations were quickly copied by other department stores.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: In

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: in

text: Alexander

text: Turney

text: Stewart

text: established

text: the

text: Marble

text: Palace

text: on

text: Broadway

text: between

text: Chambers

text: and

text: Reade

text: streets

text: He

text: offered

text: European

text: retail

text: merchandise

text: at

text: fixed

text: prices

text: on

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: dry

text: goods

text: and

text: advertised

text: a

text: policy

text: of

text: providing

text: free

text: entrance

text: to

text: all

text: potential

text: customers

text: Though

text: it

text: was

text: clad

text: in

text: white

text: marble

text: to

text: look

text: like

text: a

text: Renaissance

text: palazzo

text: the

text: building

text: 's

text: cast

text: iron

text: construction

text: permitted

text: large

text: plate

text: glass

text: windows

text: that

text: permitted

text: major

text: seasonal

text: displays

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: Christmas

text: shopping

text: season

text: In

text: Stewart

text: built

text: a

text: new

text: store

text: on

text: a

text: full

text: city

text: block

text: with

text: eight

text: floors

text: and

text: nineteen

text: departments

text: of

text: dress

text: goods

text: and

text: furnishing

text: materials

text: carpets

text: glass

text: and

text: china

text: toys

text: and

text: sports

text: equipment

text: ranged

text: around

text: a

text: central

text: glass

text: covered

text: court

text: His

text: innovations

text: included

text: buying

text: from

text: manufacturers

text: for

text: cash

text: and

text: in

text: large

text: quantities

text: keeping

text: his

text: markup

text: small

text: and

text: prices

text: low

text: truthful

text: presentation

text: of

text: merchandise

text: the

text: one

text: price

text: policy

text: so

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: haggling

text: simple

text: merchandise

text: returns

text: and

text: cash

text: refund

text: policy

text: selling

text: for

text: cash

text: and

text: not

text: credit

text: buyers

text: who

text: searched

text: worldwide

text: for

text: quality

text: merchandise

text: departmentalization

text: vertical

text: and

text: horizontal

text: integration

text: volume

text: sales

text: and

text: free

text: services

text: for

text: customers

text: such

text: as

text: waiting

text: rooms

text: and

text: free

text: delivery

text: of

text: purchases

text: His

text: innovations

text: were

text: quickly

text: copied

text: by

text: other

text: department

text: stores

question: Where was the "Marble Palace" built in 1846?

answer: on Broadway, between Chambers and Reade streets

text: on Broadway, between Chambers and Reade streets

question: What policy did the Marble Palace introduce?

answer: "free entrance" to all potential customers.

text: "free entrance" to all potential customers.

question: How many departments did the new store have, built in 1862?

answer: nineteen

text: nineteen

question: What selling methods did the Marble Palace use?

answer: cash and not credit

text: cash and not credit

question: What customer services did the Marble Palace offer?

answer: waiting rooms and free delivery of purchases

text: waiting rooms and free delivery of purchases


text: On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a "direct snap" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:

title: Canadian_football

title: Canadian_football

text: On

text: the

text: field

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: a

text: play

text: are

text: two

text: teams

text: of

text: unlike

text: in

text: American

text: football

text: The

text: team

text: in

text: possession

text: of

text: the

text: ball

text: is

text: the

text: offence

text: and

text: the

text: team

text: defending

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: defence

text: Play

text: begins

text: with

text: a

text: backwards

text: pass

text: through

text: the

text: legs

text: the

text: snap

text: by

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: offensive

text: team

text: to

text: another

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: offensive

text: team

text: This

text: is

text: usually

text: the

text: quarterback

text: or

text: punter

text: but

text: a

text: direct

text: snap

text: to

text: a

text: running

text: back

text: is

text: also

text: not

text: uncommon

text: If

text: the

text: quarterback

text: or

text: punter

text: receives

text: the

text: ball

text: he

text: may

text: then

text: do

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: following

question: How many players does each side field in an American football game?

answer: 11

question: What is the term for the team who begins a play with control of the ball?

answer: offence

text: offence

question: What is the initial backward movement of the ball in a play called?

answer: the snap

text: the snap

question: Which two players most commonly receive the first backward pass in a football play?

answer: quarterback or punter

text: quarterback or punter


text: The popularity of superhero comic books declined following World War II, while comic book sales continued to increase as other genres proliferated, such as romance, westerns, crime, horror, and humour. Following a sales peak in the early 1950s, the content of comic books (particularly crime and horror) was subjected to scrutiny from parent groups and government agencies, which culminated in Senate hearings that led to the establishment of the Comics Code Authority self-censoring body. The Code has been blamed for stunting the growth of American comics and maintaining its low status in American society for much of the remainder of the century. Superheroes re-established themselves as the most prominent comic book genre by the early 1960s. Underground comix challenged the Code and readers with adult, countercultural content in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The underground gave birth to the alternative comics movement in the 1980s and its mature, often experimental content in non-superhero genres.

title: Comics

title: Comics

text: The

text: popularity

text: of

text: superhero

text: comic

text: books

text: declined

text: following

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: while

text: comic

text: book

text: sales

text: continued

text: to

text: increase

text: as

text: other

text: genres

text: proliferated

text: such

text: as

text: romance

text: westerns

text: crime

text: horror

text: and

text: humour

text: Following

text: a

text: sales

text: peak

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: the

text: content

text: of

text: comic

text: books

text: particularly

text: crime

text: and

text: horror

text: was

text: subjected

text: to

text: scrutiny

text: from

text: parent

text: groups

text: and

text: government

text: agencies

text: which

text: culminated

text: in

text: Senate

text: hearings

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Comics

text: Code

text: Authority

text: self

text: censoring

text: body

text: The

text: Code

text: has

text: been

text: blamed

text: for

text: stunting

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: American

text: comics

text: and

text: maintaining

text: its

text: low

text: status

text: in

text: American

text: society

text: for

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Superheroes

text: re

text: established

text: themselves

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: comic

text: book

text: genre

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: Underground

text: comix

text: challenged

text: the

text: Code

text: and

text: readers

text: with

text: adult

text: countercultural

text: content

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: The

text: underground

text: gave

text: birth

text: to

text: the

text: alternative

text: comics

text: movement

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: its

text: mature

text: often

text: experimental

text: content

text: in

text: non

text: superhero

text: genres

question: Which genre of comic books had parents concerned?

answer: crime and horror

text: crime and horror

question: Which group was created after a Senate hearing on comic books content?

answer: Comics Code Authority

text: Comics Code Authority

question: When did super heroes become popular again in comic books?

answer: 1960s

question: When did the alternative comics movement begin?

answer: 1980s


text: The development of writing is counted among the many achievements and innovations of pre-Columbian American cultures. Independent from the development of writing in other areas of the world, the Mesoamerican region produced several indigenous writing systems beginning in the 1st millennium BCE. What may be the earliest-known example in the Americas of an extensive text thought to be writing is by the Cascajal Block. The Olmec hieroglyphs tablet has been indirectly dated from ceramic shards found in the same context to approximately 900 BCE, around the time that Olmec occupation of San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán began to wane.

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: The

text: development

text: of

text: writing

text: is

text: counted

text: among

text: the

text: many

text: achievements

text: and

text: innovations

text: of

text: pre

text: Columbian

text: American

text: cultures

text: Independent

text: from

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: writing

text: in

text: other

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: Mesoamerican

text: region

text: produced

text: several

text: indigenous

text: writing

text: systems

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: millennium

text: BCE

text: What

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: earliest

text: known

text: example

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: of

text: an

text: extensive

text: text

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: writing

text: is

text: by

text: the

text: Cascajal

text: Block

text: The

text: Olmec

text: hieroglyphs

text: tablet

text: has

text: been

text: indirectly

text: dated

text: from

text: ceramic

text: shards

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: context

text: to

text: approximately

text: BCE

text: around

text: the

text: time

text: that

text: Olmec

text: occupation

text: of

text: San

text: Lorenzo

text: Tenochtitlán

text: began

text: to

text: wane

question: What was one of the many achievements of the American cultures?

answer: development of writing

text: development of writing

question: What region produced several writing systems independent of other areas of the world?

answer: the Mesoamerican region

text: the Mesoamerican region

question: What is presumed to be written upon the Cascajal Block?

answer: extensive text

text: extensive text

question: When were writing systems being created in the Americas?

answer: beginning in the 1st millennium BCE

text: beginning in the 1st millennium BCE

question: When has the Olmec tablet been dated to?

answer: 900 BCE

text: 900 BCE


text: The Cork area has seen improvements in road infrastructure in recent years. For example, the Cork South Link dual carriageway was built in the early 1980s, to link the Kinsale Road roundabout with the city centre. Shortly afterwards, the first sections of the South Ring dual carriageway were opened. Work continued through the 1990s on extending the N25 South Ring Road, with the opening of the Jack Lynch Tunnel under the River Lee being a significant addition. The Kinsale Road flyover opened in August 2006 to remove a bottleneck for traffic heading to Cork Airport or Killarney. Other projects completed at this time include the N20 Blackpool bypass and the N20 Cork to Mallow road projects. The N22 Ballincollig dual carriageway bypass, which links to the Western end of the Cork Southern Ring road was opened in September 2004. City Centre road improvements include the Patrick Street project - which reconstructed the street with a pedestrian focus. The M8 motorway links Cork with Dublin.

title: Cork_(city)

title: Cork_(city

text: The

text: Cork

text: area

text: has

text: seen

text: improvements

text: in

text: road

text: infrastructure

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: Cork

text: South

text: Link

text: dual

text: carriageway

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: to

text: link

text: the

text: Kinsale

text: Road

text: roundabout

text: with

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: Shortly

text: afterwards

text: the

text: first

text: sections

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Ring

text: dual

text: carriageway

text: were

text: opened

text: Work

text: continued

text: through

text: the

text: on

text: extending

text: the

text: South

text: Ring

text: Road

text: with

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: the

text: Jack

text: Lynch

text: Tunnel

text: under

text: the

text: River

text: Lee

text: being

text: a

text: significant

text: addition

text: The

text: Kinsale

text: Road

text: flyover

text: opened

text: in

text: August

text: to

text: remove

text: a

text: bottleneck

text: for

text: traffic

text: heading

text: to

text: Cork

text: Airport

text: or

text: Killarney

text: Other

text: projects

text: completed

text: at

text: this

text: time

text: include

text: the

text: Blackpool

text: bypass

text: and

text: the

text: Cork

text: to

text: Mallow

text: road

text: projects

text: The

text: Ballincollig

text: dual

text: carriageway

text: bypass

text: which

text: links

text: to

text: the

text: Western

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Cork

text: Southern

text: Ring

text: road

text: was

text: opened

text: in

text: September

text: City

text: Centre

text: road

text: improvements

text: include

text: the

text: Patrick

text: Street

text: project

text: which

text: reconstructed

text: the

text: street

text: with

text: a

text: pedestrian

text: focus

text: The

text: motorway

text: links

text: Cork

text: with

text: Dublin

question: When was the Cork South Link dual carriageway built?

answer: 1980s

question: What was the purpose of the dual carriageway?

answer: to link the Kinsale Road roundabout with the city centre

text: to link the Kinsale Road roundabout with the city centre

question: What was the purpose of the Kinsale Road flyover?

answer: remove a bottleneck for traffic heading to Cork Airport or Killarney

text: remove a bottleneck for traffic heading to Cork Airport or Killarney

question: What was a beneficial improvement made to Patrick Street?

answer: pedestrian focus

text: pedestrian focus


text: Von Neumann worked on lattice theory between 1937 and 1939. Von Neumann provided an abstract exploration of dimension in completed complemented modular topological lattices: "Dimension is determined, up to a positive linear transformation, by the following two properties. It is conserved by perspective mappings ("perspectivities") and ordered by inclusion. The deepest part of the proof concerns the equivalence of perspectivity with "projectivity by decomposition"—of which a corollary is the transitivity of perspectivity." Garrett Birkhoff writes: "John von Neumann's brilliant mind blazed over lattice theory like a meteor".

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: worked

text: on

text: lattice

text: theory

text: between

text: and

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: provided

text: an

text: abstract

text: exploration

text: of

text: dimension

text: in

text: completed

text: complemented

text: modular

text: topological

text: lattices

text: Dimension

text: is

text: determined

text: up

text: to

text: a

text: positive

text: linear

text: transformation

text: by

text: the

text: following

text: two

text: properties

text: It

text: is

text: conserved

text: by

text: perspective

text: mappings

text: perspectivities

text: and

text: ordered

text: by

text: inclusion

text: The

text: deepest

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: proof

text: concerns

text: the

text: equivalence

text: of

text: perspectivity

text: with

text: projectivity

text: by

text: decomposition

text: of

text: which

text: a

text: corollary

text: is

text: the

text: transitivity

text: of

text: perspectivity

text: Garrett

text: Birkhoff

text: writes

text: John

text: von

text: Neumann

text: 's

text: brilliant

text: mind

text: blazed

text: over

text: lattice

text: theory

text: like

text: a

text: meteor

question: What did von Neumann work on in 1937 - 39?

answer: lattice theory

text: lattice theory

question: What properties determine dimension in lattice theory?

answer: conserved by perspective mappings ("perspectivities") and ordered by inclusion

text: conserved by perspective mappings ("perspectivities") and ordered by inclusion

question: Who wrote that "John von Neumann's brilliant mind blazed over lattice theory like a meteor?"

answer: Garrett Birkhoff

text: Garrett Birkhoff


text: China is the country with the largest population of Buddhists, approximately 244 million or 18.2% of its total population.[web 1] They are mostly followers of Chinese schools of Mahayana, making this the largest body of Buddhist traditions. Mahayana, also practiced in broader East Asia, is followed by over half of world Buddhists.[web 1]

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: China

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: the

text: largest

text: population

text: of

text: Buddhists

text: approximately

text: million

text: or

text: of

text: its

text: total

text: population.[web

text: They

text: are

text: mostly

text: followers

text: of

text: Chinese

text: schools

text: of

text: Mahayana

text: making

text: this

text: the

text: largest

text: body

text: of

text: Buddhist

text: traditions

text: Mahayana

text: also

text: practiced

text: in

text: broader

text: East

text: Asia

text: is

text: followed

text: by

text: over

text: half

text: of

text: world

text: Buddhists.[web

question: What country has the largest population of Buddhists?

answer: China

text: China

question: How many Buddhists are in China?

answer: 244 million

text: 244 million


text: Some of the most renowned and highly ranked universities in the world are located in the Boston area. Four members of the Association of American Universities are in Greater Boston (more than any other metropolitan area): Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston University, and Brandeis University. Hospitals, universities, and research institutions in Greater Boston received more than $1.77 billion in National Institutes of Health grants in 2013, more money than any other American metropolitan area. Greater Boston has more than 100 colleges and universities, with 250,000 students enrolled in Boston and Cambridge alone. Its largest private universities include Boston University (the city's fourth-largest employer) with its main campus along Commonwealth Avenue and a medical campus in the South End; Northeastern University in the Fenway area; Suffolk University near Beacon Hill, which includes law school and business school; and Boston College, which straddles the Boston (Brighton)–Newton border. Boston's only public university is the University of Massachusetts Boston, on Columbia Point in Dorchester. Roxbury Community College and Bunker Hill Community College are the city's two public community colleges. Altogether, Boston's colleges and universities employ over 42,600 people, accounting for nearly 7 percent of the city's workforce.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: renowned

text: and

text: highly

text: ranked

text: universities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Boston

text: area

text: Four

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Association

text: of

text: American

text: Universities

text: are

text: in

text: Greater

text: Boston

text: more

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: Harvard

text: University

text: the

text: Massachusetts

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: Boston

text: University

text: and

text: Brandeis

text: University

text: Hospitals

text: universities

text: and

text: research

text: institutions

text: in

text: Greater

text: Boston

text: received

text: more

text: than

text: billion

text: in

text: National

text: Institutes

text: of

text: Health

text: grants

text: in

text: more

text: money

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: American

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: Greater

text: Boston

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: colleges

text: and

text: universities

text: with

text: students

text: enrolled

text: in

text: Boston

text: and

text: Cambridge

text: alone

text: Its

text: largest

text: private

text: universities

text: include

text: Boston

text: University

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: fourth

text: largest

text: employer

text: with

text: its

text: main

text: campus

text: along

text: Commonwealth

text: Avenue

text: and

text: a

text: medical

text: campus

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: End

text: Northeastern

text: University

text: in

text: the

text: Fenway

text: area

text: Suffolk

text: University

text: near

text: Beacon

text: Hill

text: which

text: includes

text: law

text: school

text: and

text: business

text: school

text: and

text: Boston

text: College

text: which

text: straddles

text: the

text: Boston

text: Brighton)–Newton

text: border

text: Boston

text: 's

text: only

text: public

text: university

text: is

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Massachusetts

text: Boston

text: on

text: Columbia

text: Point

text: in

text: Dorchester

text: Roxbury

text: Community

text: College

text: and

text: Bunker

text: Hill

text: Community

text: College

text: are

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: two

text: public

text: community

text: colleges

text: Altogether

text: Boston

text: 's

text: colleges

text: and

text: universities

text: employ

text: over

text: people

text: accounting

text: for

text: nearly

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: workforce

question: How many member of the Association of American Universities are in Boston?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many students are enrolled in boston and Cambridge?

answer: 250,000

question: Who is the citys fourth largest employer?

answer: Boston University

text: Boston University


text: By the 1990s Mexico City had become infamous as one of the world's most polluted cities; however the city has become a model for dramatically lowering pollution levels. By 2014 carbon monoxide pollution had dropped dramatically, while levels of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide were nearly three times lower than in 1992. The levels of signature pollutants in Mexico City are similar to those of Los Angeles.[citation needed] Despite the cleanup, the metropolitan area is still the most ozone-polluted part of the country, with ozone levels 2.5 times beyond WHO-defined safe limits.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: By

text: the

text: Mexico

text: City

text: had

text: become

text: infamous

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: polluted

text: cities

text: however

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: become

text: a

text: model

text: for

text: dramatically

text: lowering

text: pollution

text: levels

text: By

text: carbon

text: monoxide

text: pollution

text: had

text: dropped

text: dramatically

text: while

text: levels

text: of

text: sulfur

text: dioxide

text: and

text: nitrogen

text: dioxide

text: were

text: nearly

text: three

text: times

text: lower

text: than

text: in

text: The

text: levels

text: of

text: signature

text: pollutants

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: are

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: Los

text: Angeles.[citation

text: needed

text: Despite

text: the

text: cleanup

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: is

text: still

text: the

text: most

text: ozone

text: polluted

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: ozone

text: levels

text: times

text: beyond

text: WHO

text: defined

text: safe

text: limits

question: How bad is the ozone in Mexico City?

answer: 2.5 times beyond WHO-defined safe limits

text: 2.5 times beyond WHO-defined safe limits

question: Carbon Monoxide levels are about 3 times lower now than in what year?

answer: 1992

question: What city is similar to Mexico City in terms of pollution?

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

question: When Mexico one of the worst cities in terms of pollution?

answer: 1990s

question: Who decides safe levels of o-zone in cities?

answer: WHO

text: WHO


text: A number of parties have collected survey data, from the public and from experts, to try and gauge the level of corruption and bribery, as well as its impact on political and economic outcomes. A second wave of corruption metrics has been created by Global Integrity, the International Budget Partnership, and many lesser known local groups. These metrics include the Global Integrity Index, first published in 2004. These second wave projects aim to create policy change by identifying resources more effectively and creating checklists toward incremental reform. Global Integrity and the International Budget Partnership each dispense with public surveys and instead uses in-country experts to evaluate "the opposite of corruption" – which Global Integrity defines as the public policies that prevent, discourage, or expose corruption. These approaches compliment the first wave, awareness-raising tools by giving governments facing public outcry a checklist which measures concrete steps toward improved governance.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: parties

text: have

text: collected

text: survey

text: data

text: from

text: the

text: public

text: and

text: from

text: experts

text: to

text: try

text: and

text: gauge

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: corruption

text: and

text: bribery

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: impact

text: on

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: outcomes

text: A

text: second

text: wave

text: of

text: corruption

text: metrics

text: has

text: been

text: created

text: by

text: Global

text: Integrity

text: the

text: International

text: Budget

text: Partnership

text: and

text: many

text: lesser

text: known

text: local

text: groups

text: These

text: metrics

text: include

text: the

text: Global

text: Integrity

text: Index

text: first

text: published

text: in

text: These

text: second

text: wave

text: projects

text: aim

text: to

text: create

text: policy

text: change

text: by

text: identifying

text: resources

text: more

text: effectively

text: and

text: creating

text: checklists

text: toward

text: incremental

text: reform

text: Global

text: Integrity

text: and

text: the

text: International

text: Budget

text: Partnership

text: each

text: dispense

text: with

text: public

text: surveys

text: and

text: instead

text: uses

text: in

text: country

text: experts

text: to

text: evaluate

text: the

text: opposite

text: of

text: corruption

text: which

text: Global

text: Integrity

text: defines

text: as

text: the

text: public

text: policies

text: that

text: prevent

text: discourage

text: or

text: expose

text: corruption

text: These

text: approaches

text: compliment

text: the

text: first

text: wave

text: awareness

text: raising

text: tools

text: by

text: giving

text: governments

text: facing

text: public

text: outcry

text: a

text: checklist

text: which

text: measures

text: concrete

text: steps

text: toward

text: improved

text: governance

question: A second set of corruption metrics has been compiled by Global Integrity and what other organization?

answer: International Budget Partnership

text: International Budget Partnership

question: When was the Global Integrity Index first published?

answer: 2004

question: Both companies no longer use what means of collecting of data?

answer: public surveys

text: public surveys

question: Instead of public surveys, the organizations use what to study corruption?

answer: in-country experts

text: in-country experts