text: European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, producing the Columbian Exchange. The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain, allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture.

title: Southern_Europe

title: Southern_Europe

text: European

text: overseas

text: expansion

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: colonial

text: empires

text: producing

text: the

text: Columbian

text: Exchange

text: The

text: combination

text: of

text: resource

text: inflows

text: from

text: the

text: New

text: World

text: and

text: the

text: Industrial

text: Revolution

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: allowed

text: a

text: new

text: economy

text: based

text: on

text: manufacturing

text: instead

text: of

text: subsistence

text: agriculture

question: What resulted from Europe's exploration of the New World?

answer: the rise of colonial empires

text: the rise of colonial empires

question: What institution of mercantilism was established with New World colonies?

answer: the Columbian Exchange

text: the Columbian Exchange

question: What replaced agriculture as the focus of European economy with the establishment of overseas colonies?

answer: manufacturing

text: manufacturing

question: Aside from the activities of colonies, what other event fostered the transition from agriculture to manufacturing?

answer: the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain

text: the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain


text: In the 21st century the most famous department store in Russia is GUM in Moscow, followed by TsUM and the Petrovsky Passage. Other popular stores are Mega (shopping malls), Stockmann, and Marks & Spencer. Media Markt, M-video, Technosila, and White Wind (Beliy Veter) sell large number of electronic devices. In St. Petersburg The Passage has been popular since the 1840s. 1956 Soviet film Behind Store Window (За витриной универмага) on YouTube depicts operation of a Moscow department store in 1950's.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: most

text: famous

text: department

text: store

text: in

text: Russia

text: is

text: GUM

text: in

text: Moscow

text: followed

text: by

text: TsUM

text: and

text: the

text: Petrovsky

text: Passage

text: Other

text: popular

text: stores

text: are

text: Mega

text: shopping

text: malls

text: Stockmann

text: and

text: Marks

text: Spencer

text: Media

text: Markt

text: M

text: video

text: Technosila

text: and

text: White

text: Wind

text: Beliy

text: Veter

text: sell

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: electronic

text: devices

text: In

text: St.

text: Petersburg

text: The

text: Passage

text: has

text: been

text: popular

text: since

text: the

text: Soviet

text: film

text: Behind

text: Store

text: Window

text: За

text: витриной

text: универмага

text: on

text: YouTube

text: depicts

text: operation

text: of

text: a

text: Moscow

text: department

text: store

text: in

text: 's

question: Where is the most notable Russian department store located?

answer: Moscow

text: Moscow

question: In what city is the Passage located?

answer: St. Petersburg

text: St. Petersburg

question: What movie demonstrates the operation of department stores in the former Soviet Union?

answer: Behind Store Window

text: Behind Store Window

question: When was the movie depicting soviet department stores filmed?

answer: 1956


text: Broadband wireless services were offered by both dial up and non-dial up ISPs in major cities, such as Mogadishu, Bosaso, Hargeisa, Galkayo and Kismayo. Pricing ranged from $150 to $300 a month for unlimited internet access, with bandwidth rates of 64 kbit/s up and down. The main patrons of these wireless services were scholastic institutions, corporations, and UN, NGO and diplomatic missions. Mogadishu had the biggest subscriber base nationwide and was also the headquarters of the largest wireless internet services, among which were Dalkom (Wanaag HK), Orbit, Unitel and Webtel.

title: Communications_in_Somalia

title: Communications_in_Somalia

text: Broadband

text: wireless

text: services

text: were

text: offered

text: by

text: both

text: dial

text: up

text: and

text: non

text: dial

text: up

text: ISPs

text: in

text: major

text: cities

text: such

text: as

text: Mogadishu

text: Bosaso

text: Hargeisa

text: Galkayo

text: and

text: Kismayo

text: Pricing

text: ranged

text: from

text: to

text: a

text: month

text: for

text: unlimited

text: internet

text: access

text: with

text: bandwidth

text: rates

text: of

text: kbit

text: s

text: up

text: and

text: down

text: The

text: main

text: patrons

text: of

text: these

text: wireless

text: services

text: were

text: scholastic

text: institutions

text: corporations

text: and

text: UN

text: NGO

text: and

text: diplomatic

text: missions

text: Mogadishu

text: had

text: the

text: biggest

text: subscriber

text: base

text: nationwide

text: and

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: wireless

text: internet

text: services

text: among

text: which

text: were

text: Dalkom

text: Wanaag

text: HK

text: Orbit

text: Unitel

text: and

text: Webtel

question: Mogadishu and Bosaso are what in Somalia?

answer: major cities

text: major cities

question: What city in Soalia has the largest nuber of subscribers?

answer: Mogadishu

text: Mogadishu

question: Where was the headquarters of the largest wireless internet services?

answer: Mogadishu

text: Mogadishu

question: What is another name for Dalcom?

answer: Wanaag HK

text: Wanaag HK


text: The city's charter was granted by Prince John, as Lord of Ireland, in 1185. The city was once fully walled, and some wall sections and gates remain today. For much of the Middle Ages, Cork city was an outpost of Old English culture in the midst of a predominantly hostile Gaelic countryside and cut off from the English government in the Pale around Dublin. Neighbouring Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords extorted "Black Rent" from the citizens to keep them from attacking the city. The present extent of the city has exceeded the medieval boundaries of the Barony of Cork City; it now takes in much of the neighbouring Barony of Cork. Together, these baronies are located between the Barony of Barrymore to the east, Muskerry East to the west and Kerrycurrihy to the south.

title: Cork_(city)

title: Cork_(city

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: charter

text: was

text: granted

text: by

text: Prince

text: John

text: as

text: Lord

text: of

text: Ireland

text: in

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: once

text: fully

text: walled

text: and

text: some

text: wall

text: sections

text: and

text: gates

text: remain

text: today

text: For

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: Cork

text: city

text: was

text: an

text: outpost

text: of

text: Old

text: English

text: culture

text: in

text: the

text: midst

text: of

text: a

text: predominantly

text: hostile

text: Gaelic

text: countryside

text: and

text: cut

text: off

text: from

text: the

text: English

text: government

text: in

text: the

text: Pale

text: around

text: Dublin

text: Neighbouring

text: Gaelic

text: and

text: Hiberno

text: Norman

text: lords

text: extorted

text: Black

text: Rent

text: from

text: the

text: citizens

text: to

text: keep

text: them

text: from

text: attacking

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: present

text: extent

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: exceeded

text: the

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: of

text: the

text: Barony

text: of

text: Cork

text: City

text: it

text: now

text: takes

text: in

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: neighbouring

text: Barony

text: of

text: Cork

text: Together

text: these

text: baronies

text: are

text: located

text: between

text: the

text: Barony

text: of

text: Barrymore

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Muskerry

text: East

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Kerrycurrihy

text: to

text: the

text: south

question: Who granted Cork's charter?

answer: Prince John

text: Prince John

question: What kind of protection did Cork have?

answer: fully walled

text: fully walled

question: What parts of Cork's defense remain today?

answer: some wall sections and gates

text: some wall sections and gates

question: What would citizens of Cork pay to neighboring lords in order to prevent them from attacking their city?

answer: Black Rent

text: Black Rent

question: Where is the present city of Cork located geographically?

answer: between the Barony of Barrymore to the east, Muskerry East to the west and Kerrycurrihy to the south

text: between the Barony of Barrymore to the east, Muskerry East to the west and Kerrycurrihy to the south


text: The roles and responsibilities of the minority leader are not well-defined. To a large extent, the functions of the minority leader are defined by tradition and custom. A minority leader from 1931 to 1939, Representative Bertrand Snell, R-N.Y., provided this "job description": "He is spokesman for his party and enunciates its policies. He is required to be alert and vigilant in defense of the minority's rights. It is his function and duty to criticize constructively the policies and programs of the majority, and to this end employ parliamentary tactics and give close attention to all proposed legislation."

title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives

text: The

text: roles

text: and

text: responsibilities

text: of

text: the

text: minority

text: leader

text: are

text: not

text: well

text: defined

text: To

text: a

text: large

text: extent

text: the

text: functions

text: of

text: the

text: minority

text: leader

text: are

text: defined

text: by

text: tradition

text: and

text: custom

text: A

text: minority

text: leader

text: from

text: to

text: Representative

text: Bertrand

text: Snell

text: R

text: N.Y.

text: provided

text: this

text: job

text: description

text: He

text: is

text: spokesman

text: for

text: his

text: party

text: and

text: enunciates

text: its

text: policies

text: He

text: is

text: required

text: to

text: be

text: alert

text: and

text: vigilant

text: in

text: defense

text: of

text: the

text: minority

text: 's

text: rights

text: It

text: is

text: his

text: function

text: and

text: duty

text: to

text: criticize

text: constructively

text: the

text: policies

text: and

text: programs

text: of

text: the

text: majority

text: and

text: to

text: this

text: end

text: employ

text: parliamentary

text: tactics

text: and

text: give

text: close

text: attention

text: to

text: all

text: proposed

text: legislation

question: Are minority leadership roles specified closely?

answer: are not well-defined

text: are not well-defined

question: What congressman largely specified the job description of minority leader?

answer: Representative Bertrand Snell

text: Representative Bertrand Snell

question: What despcription was assigned to minority leader in part?

answer: He is spokesman for his party and enunciates its policies.

text: He is spokesman for his party and enunciates its policies.

question: What defines a large part of minority leader role?

answer: tradition and custom

text: tradition and custom


text: The Eastern Han, also known as the Later Han, formally began on 5 August 25, when Liu Xiu became Emperor Guangwu of Han. During the widespread rebellion against Wang Mang, the state of Goguryeo was free to raid Han's Korean commanderies; Han did not reaffirm its control over the region until AD 30. The Trưng Sisters of Vietnam rebelled against Han in AD 40. Their rebellion was crushed by Han general Ma Yuan (d. AD 49) in a campaign from AD 42–43. Wang Mang renewed hostilities against the Xiongnu, who were estranged from Han until their leader Bi (比), a rival claimant to the throne against his cousin Punu (蒲奴), submitted to Han as a tributary vassal in AD 50. This created two rival Xiongnu states: the Southern Xiongnu led by Bi, an ally of Han, and the Northern Xiongnu led by Punu, an enemy of Han.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: The

text: Eastern

text: Han

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Later

text: Han

text: formally

text: began

text: on

text: August

text: when

text: Liu

text: Xiu

text: became

text: Emperor

text: Guangwu

text: of

text: Han

text: During

text: the

text: widespread

text: rebellion

text: against

text: Wang

text: Mang

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Goguryeo

text: was

text: free

text: to

text: raid

text: Han

text: 's

text: Korean

text: commanderies

text: Han

text: did

text: not

text: reaffirm

text: its

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: region

text: until

text: AD

text: The

text: Trưng

text: Sisters

text: of

text: Vietnam

text: rebelled

text: against

text: Han

text: in

text: AD

text: Their

text: rebellion

text: was

text: crushed

text: by

text: Han

text: general

text: Ma

text: Yuan

text: d.

text: AD

text: in

text: a

text: campaign

text: from

text: AD

text: Wang

text: Mang

text: renewed

text: hostilities

text: against

text: the

text: Xiongnu

text: who

text: were

text: estranged

text: from

text: Han

text: until

text: their

text: leader

text: Bi

text: 比

text: a

text: rival

text: claimant

text: to

text: the

text: throne

text: against

text: his

text: cousin

text: Punu

text: 蒲奴

text: submitted

text: to

text: Han

text: as

text: a

text: tributary

text: vassal

text: in

text: AD

text: This

text: created

text: two

text: rival

text: Xiongnu

text: states

text: the

text: Southern

text: Xiongnu

text: led

text: by

text: Bi

text: an

text: ally

text: of

text: Han

text: and

text: the

text: Northern

text: Xiongnu

text: led

text: by

text: Punu

text: an

text: enemy

text: of

text: Han

question: On what date did the Eastern Han dynasty begin?

answer: 5 August 25

text: 5 August 25

question: Who started a rebellion against Han in the year AD 40?

answer: The Trưng Sisters of Vietnam

text: The Trưng Sisters of Vietnam

question: Which state raided Han's Korean commanderies?

answer: Goguryeo

text: Goguryeo

question: In what year did Ma Yuan die?

answer: AD 49

text: AD 49

question: Who was the leader of the Xiongnu?

answer: Bi

text: Bi


text: West's fifth album, My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, has been noted by writers for its maximalist aesthetic and its incorporation of elements from West's previous four albums. Entertainment Weekly's Simon Vozick-Levinson perceives that such elements "all recur at various points", namely "the luxurious soul of 2004's The College Dropout, the symphonic pomp of Late Registration, the gloss of 2007's Graduation, and the emotionally exhausted electro of 2008's 808s & Heartbreak". Sean Fennessey of The Village Voice writes that West "absorb[ed] the gifts of his handpicked collaborators, and occasionally elevat[ed] them" on previous studio albums, noting collaborators and elements as Jon Brion for Late Registration, DJ Toomp for Graduation, and Kid Cudi for 808s & Heartbreak.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: West

text: 's

text: fifth

text: album

text: My

text: Beautiful

text: Dark

text: Twisted

text: Fantasy

text: has

text: been

text: noted

text: by

text: writers

text: for

text: its

text: maximalist

text: aesthetic

text: and

text: its

text: incorporation

text: of

text: elements

text: from

text: West

text: 's

text: previous

text: four

text: albums

text: Entertainment

text: Weekly

text: 's

text: Simon

text: Vozick

text: Levinson

text: perceives

text: that

text: such

text: elements

text: all

text: recur

text: at

text: various

text: points

text: namely

text: the

text: luxurious

text: soul

text: of

text: 's

text: The

text: College

text: Dropout

text: the

text: symphonic

text: pomp

text: of

text: Late

text: Registration

text: the

text: gloss

text: of

text: 's

text: Graduation

text: and

text: the

text: emotionally

text: exhausted

text: electro

text: of

text: 's

text: Heartbreak

text: Sean

text: Fennessey

text: of

text: The

text: Village

text: Voice

text: writes

text: that

text: West

text: absorb[ed

text: the

text: gifts

text: of

text: his

text: handpicked

text: collaborators

text: and

text: occasionally

text: elevat[ed

text: them

text: on

text: previous

text: studio

text: albums

text: noting

text: collaborators

text: and

text: elements

text: as

text: Jon

text: Brion

text: for

text: Late

text: Registration

text: DJ

text: Toomp

text: for

text: Graduation

text: and

text: Kid

text: Cudi

text: for

text: Heartbreak

question: What is Kanye's fifth album titled?

answer: My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy

text: My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy

question: What journalist drew comparisons between My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy and other Kanye albums?

answer: Simon Vozick-Levinson

text: Simon Vozick-Levinson

question: What musician collaborated with Kanye West for his album Late Registration?

answer: Jon Brion

text: Jon Brion

question: What artist worked with Kanye on his album Graduation?

answer: DJ Toomp

text: DJ Toomp

question: Kid Cudi joined Kanye for which album?

answer: 808s & Heartbreak

text: 808s & Heartbreak

question: Which album by Kanye West has been talked about by writers for having maximalist aesthetic?

answer: My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy

text: My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy


text: When World War II started, tonnage levels at the port decreased and shipping activities were suspended; however, the war did provide economic benefits for the city. Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were constructed along the ship channel because of the demand for petroleum and synthetic rubber products by the defense industry during the war. Ellington Field, initially built during World War I, was revitalized as an advanced training center for bombardiers and navigators. The Brown Shipbuilding Company was founded in 1942 to build ships for the U.S. Navy during World War II. Due to the boom in defense jobs, thousands of new workers migrated to the city, both blacks and whites competing for the higher-paying jobs. President Roosevelt had established a policy of non-discrimination for defense contractors, and blacks gained some opportunities, especially in shipbuilding, although not without resistance from whites and increasing social tensions that erupted into occasional violence. Economic gains of blacks who entered defense industries continued in the postwar years.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: When

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: started

text: tonnage

text: levels

text: at

text: the

text: port

text: decreased

text: and

text: shipping

text: activities

text: were

text: suspended

text: however

text: the

text: war

text: did

text: provide

text: economic

text: benefits

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: Petrochemical

text: refineries

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: plants

text: were

text: constructed

text: along

text: the

text: ship

text: channel

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: demand

text: for

text: petroleum

text: and

text: synthetic

text: rubber

text: products

text: by

text: the

text: defense

text: industry

text: during

text: the

text: war

text: Ellington

text: Field

text: initially

text: built

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: was

text: revitalized

text: as

text: an

text: advanced

text: training

text: center

text: for

text: bombardiers

text: and

text: navigators

text: The

text: Brown

text: Shipbuilding

text: Company

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: to

text: build

text: ships

text: for

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Navy

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: boom

text: in

text: defense

text: jobs

text: thousands

text: of

text: new

text: workers

text: migrated

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: both

text: blacks

text: and

text: whites

text: competing

text: for

text: the

text: higher

text: paying

text: jobs

text: President

text: Roosevelt

text: had

text: established

text: a

text: policy

text: of

text: non

text: discrimination

text: for

text: defense

text: contractors

text: and

text: blacks

text: gained

text: some

text: opportunities

text: especially

text: in

text: shipbuilding

text: although

text: not

text: without

text: resistance

text: from

text: whites

text: and

text: increasing

text: social

text: tensions

text: that

text: erupted

text: into

text: occasional

text: violence

text: Economic

text: gains

text: of

text: blacks

text: who

text: entered

text: defense

text: industries

text: continued

text: in

text: the

text: postwar

text: years

question: What event cause shipping activities to be suspended?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were built due to the demand for what items during the war?

answer: petroleum and synthetic rubber products

text: petroleum and synthetic rubber products

question: When was Ellington Field built?

answer: during World War I

text: during World War I

question: When was the Brown Shipbuilding Company founded?

answer: 1942

question: What was the policy created by President Roosevelt due to the boom in defense jobs?

answer: non-discrimination for defense contractors

text: non-discrimination for defense contractors

question: What kind of refineries were built along the Houston ship channel?

answer: Petrochemical

text: Petrochemical

question: To fill what type of demand were refineries built?

answer: petroleum and synthetic rubber

text: petroleum and synthetic rubber

question: What world event caused this increased need for petrochemicals?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: Why did thousands of new workers flock to Houston?

answer: defense jobs

text: defense jobs

question: Which president created a policy of non-discrimination for defense contractors?

answer: President Roosevelt

text: President Roosevelt


text: In 1982, the US Mint began minting pennies coated in copper but made primarily of zinc. With the new zinc pennies, there is the potential for zinc toxicosis, which can be fatal. One reported case of chronic ingestion of 425 pennies (over 1 kg of zinc) resulted in death due to gastrointestinal bacterial and fungal sepsis, whereas another patient, who ingested 12 grams of zinc, only showed lethargy and ataxia (gross lack of coordination of muscle movements). Several other cases have been reported of humans suffering zinc intoxication by the ingestion of zinc coins.

title: Zinc

title: Zinc

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: Mint

text: began

text: minting

text: pennies

text: coated

text: in

text: copper

text: but

text: made

text: primarily

text: of

text: zinc

text: With

text: the

text: new

text: zinc

text: pennies

text: there

text: is

text: the

text: potential

text: for

text: zinc

text: toxicosis

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: fatal

text: One

text: reported

text: case

text: of

text: chronic

text: ingestion

text: of

text: pennies

text: over

text: kg

text: of

text: zinc

text: resulted

text: in

text: death

text: due

text: to

text: gastrointestinal

text: bacterial

text: and

text: fungal

text: sepsis

text: whereas

text: another

text: patient

text: who

text: ingested

text: grams

text: of

text: zinc

text: only

text: showed

text: lethargy

text: and

text: ataxia

text: gross

text: lack

text: of

text: coordination

text: of

text: muscle

text: movements

text: Several

text: other

text: cases

text: have

text: been

text: reported

text: of

text: humans

text: suffering

text: zinc

text: intoxication

text: by

text: the

text: ingestion

text: of

text: zinc

text: coins

question: What coin, as of 1982, is now primarily made of zinc?

answer: pennies

text: pennies

question: What is a concern with the new zinc pennies?

answer: zinc toxicosis

text: zinc toxicosis

question: Ingesting zinc can cause lack of muscle movement and coordination called what?

answer: ataxia

text: ataxia

question: Why have people reported zinc intoxication?

answer: ingestion of zinc coins

text: ingestion of zinc coins


text: There are also some extremely complex characters which have understandably become rather rare. According to Joël Bellassen (1989), the most complex Chinese character is /𪚥 (U+2A6A5) zhé  listen (help·info), meaning "verbose" and containing sixty-four strokes; this character fell from use around the 5th century. It might be argued, however, that while containing the most strokes, it is not necessarily the most complex character (in terms of difficulty), as it simply requires writing the same sixteen-stroke character 龍 lóng (lit. "dragon") four times in the space for one. Another 64-stroke character is /𠔻 (U+2053B) zhèng composed of 興 xīng/xìng (lit. "flourish") four times.

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: some

text: extremely

text: complex

text: characters

text: which

text: have

text: understandably

text: become

text: rather

text: rare

text: According

text: to

text: Joël

text: Bellassen

text: the

text: most

text: complex

text: Chinese

text: character

text: is

text: /𪚥

text: zhé

text: listen

text: help·info

text: meaning

text: verbose

text: and

text: containing

text: sixty

text: four

text: strokes

text: this

text: character

text: fell

text: from

text: use

text: around

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: might

text: be

text: argued

text: however

text: that

text: while

text: containing

text: the

text: most

text: strokes

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: necessarily

text: the

text: most

text: complex

text: character

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: difficulty

text: as

text: it

text: simply

text: requires

text: writing

text: the

text: same

text: sixteen

text: stroke

text: character

text: 龍

text: lóng

text: lit

text: dragon

text: four

text: times

text: in

text: the

text: space

text: for

text: one

text: Another

text: character

text: is

text: /𠔻

text: zhèng

text: composed

text: of

text: 興

text: xīng

text: xìng

text: lit

text: flourish

text: four

text: times

question: What have become more rare?

answer: complex characters

text: complex characters

question: What is the most complex Chinese character?

answer: zhé

text: zhé

question: What is one 64-stroke character?

answer: zhèng

text: zhèng


text: The 1971 Local Government White Paper proposed abolishing county boroughs, which would have left Plymouth, a town of 250,000 people, being administered from a council based at the smaller Exeter, on the other side of the county. This led to Plymouth lobbying for the creation of a Tamarside county, to include Plymouth, Torpoint, Saltash, and the rural hinterland. The campaign was not successful, and Plymouth ceased to be a county borough on 1 April 1974 with responsibility for education, social services, highways and libraries transferred to Devon County Council. All powers returned when the city become a unitary authority on 1 April 1998 under recommendations of the Banham Commission.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: The

text: Local

text: Government

text: White

text: Paper

text: proposed

text: abolishing

text: county

text: boroughs

text: which

text: would

text: have

text: left

text: Plymouth

text: a

text: town

text: of

text: people

text: being

text: administered

text: from

text: a

text: council

text: based

text: at

text: the

text: smaller

text: Exeter

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: county

text: This

text: led

text: to

text: Plymouth

text: lobbying

text: for

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: a

text: Tamarside

text: county

text: to

text: include

text: Plymouth

text: Torpoint

text: Saltash

text: and

text: the

text: rural

text: hinterland

text: The

text: campaign

text: was

text: not

text: successful

text: and

text: Plymouth

text: ceased

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: county

text: borough

text: on

text: April

text: with

text: responsibility

text: for

text: education

text: social

text: services

text: highways

text: and

text: libraries

text: transferred

text: to

text: Devon

text: County

text: Council

text: All

text: powers

text: returned

text: when

text: the

text: city

text: become

text: a

text: unitary

text: authority

text: on

text: April

text: under

text: recommendations

text: of

text: the

text: Banham

text: Commission

question: What was the population of Plymouth in 1971?

answer: 250,000

question: What document suggested that county boroughs be eliminated?

answer: 1971 Local Government White Paper

text: 1971 Local Government White Paper

question: What county did Plymouth unsuccessfully attempt to see created?

answer: Tamarside

text: Tamarside

question: On what date did Plymouth's county status end?

answer: 1 April 1974

text: 1 April 1974

question: What body proposed that Plymouth become a unitary council?

answer: the Banham Commission

text: the Banham Commission


text: The Martorana church (decorated around 1143) looked originally even more Byzantine although important parts were later demolished. The dome mosaic is similar to that of the Cappella Palatina, with Christ enthroned in the middle and four bowed, elongated angels. The Greek inscriptions, decorative patterns, and evangelists in the squinches are obviously executed by the same Greek masters who worked on the Cappella Palatina. The mosaic depicting Roger II of Sicily, dressed in Byzantine imperial robes and receiving the crown by Christ, was originally in the demolished narthex together with another panel, the Theotokos with Georgios of Antiochia, the founder of the church.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: The

text: Martorana

text: church

text: decorated

text: around

text: looked

text: originally

text: even

text: more

text: Byzantine

text: although

text: important

text: parts

text: were

text: later

text: demolished

text: The

text: dome

text: mosaic

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Cappella

text: Palatina

text: with

text: Christ

text: enthroned

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: and

text: four

text: bowed

text: elongated

text: angels

text: The

text: Greek

text: inscriptions

text: decorative

text: patterns

text: and

text: evangelists

text: in

text: the

text: squinches

text: are

text: obviously

text: executed

text: by

text: the

text: same

text: Greek

text: masters

text: who

text: worked

text: on

text: the

text: Cappella

text: Palatina

text: The

text: mosaic

text: depicting

text: Roger

text: II

text: of

text: Sicily

text: dressed

text: in

text: Byzantine

text: imperial

text: robes

text: and

text: receiving

text: the

text: crown

text: by

text: Christ

text: was

text: originally

text: in

text: the

text: demolished

text: narthex

text: together

text: with

text: another

text: panel

text: the

text: Theotokos

text: with

text: Georgios

text: of

text: Antiochia

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: church

question: When was the Martorana church decorated?

answer: around 1143

text: around 1143

question: Who is featured in the mosaic at the Martorana church?

answer: Christ

text: Christ

question: The Martorana church was likely decorated by the same greek masters who decorated which church?

answer: the Cappella Palatina

text: the Cappella Palatina

question: Who was the founder of the Martorana church?

answer: Georgios of Antiochia

text: Georgios of Antiochia

question: Who is receiving a crown from christ in the mosaic originally in the narthex?

answer: Roger II

text: Roger II


text: In the 15th century the dome was added and the naves extended back of the choir, uniting the building to the tower and forming a main entrance. Archbishop Luis Alfonso de los Cameros began the building of the main chapel in 1674; the walls were decorated with marbles and bronzes in the Baroque style of that period. At the beginning of the 18th century the German Conrad Rudolphus built the façade of the main entrance. The other two doors lead into the transept; one, that of the Apostles in pure pointed Gothic, dates from the 14th century, the other is that of the Paláu. The additions made to the back of the cathedral detract from its height. The 18th-century restoration rounded the pointed arches, covered the Gothic columns with Corinthian pillars, and redecorated the walls. The dome has no lantern, its plain ceiling being pierced by two large side windows. There are four chapels on either side, besides that at the end and those that open into the choir, the transept, and the sanctuary. It contains many paintings by eminent artists. A silver reredos, which was behind the altar, was carried away in the war of 1808, and converted into coin to meet the expenses of the campaign. There are two paintings by Francisco Goya in the San Francesco chapel. Behind the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament is a small Renaissance chapel built by Calixtus III. Beside the cathedral is the chapel dedicated to the Our Lady of the Forsaken (Virgen de los desamparados or Mare de Déu dels Desamparats).

title: Valencia

title: Valencia

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: dome

text: was

text: added

text: and

text: the

text: naves

text: extended

text: back

text: of

text: the

text: choir

text: uniting

text: the

text: building

text: to

text: the

text: tower

text: and

text: forming

text: a

text: main

text: entrance

text: Archbishop

text: Luis

text: Alfonso

text: de

text: los

text: Cameros

text: began

text: the

text: building

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: chapel

text: in

text: the

text: walls

text: were

text: decorated

text: with

text: marbles

text: and

text: bronzes

text: in

text: the

text: Baroque

text: style

text: of

text: that

text: period

text: At

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: German

text: Conrad

text: Rudolphus

text: built

text: the

text: façade

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: entrance

text: The

text: other

text: two

text: doors

text: lead

text: into

text: the

text: transept

text: one

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Apostles

text: in

text: pure

text: pointed

text: Gothic

text: dates

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: other

text: is

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Paláu

text: The

text: additions

text: made

text: to

text: the

text: back

text: of

text: the

text: cathedral

text: detract

text: from

text: its

text: height

text: The

text: century

text: restoration

text: rounded

text: the

text: pointed

text: arches

text: covered

text: the

text: Gothic

text: columns

text: with

text: Corinthian

text: pillars

text: and

text: redecorated

text: the

text: walls

text: The

text: dome

text: has

text: no

text: lantern

text: its

text: plain

text: ceiling

text: being

text: pierced

text: by

text: two

text: large

text: side

text: windows

text: There

text: are

text: four

text: chapels

text: on

text: either

text: side

text: besides

text: that

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: and

text: those

text: that

text: open

text: into

text: the

text: choir

text: the

text: transept

text: and

text: the

text: sanctuary

text: It

text: contains

text: many

text: paintings

text: by

text: eminent

text: artists

text: A

text: silver

text: reredos

text: which

text: was

text: behind

text: the

text: altar

text: was

text: carried

text: away

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: of

text: and

text: converted

text: into

text: coin

text: to

text: meet

text: the

text: expenses

text: of

text: the

text: campaign

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: paintings

text: by

text: Francisco

text: Goya

text: in

text: the

text: San

text: Francesco

text: chapel

text: Behind

text: the

text: Chapel

text: of

text: the

text: Blessed

text: Sacrament

text: is

text: a

text: small

text: Renaissance

text: chapel

text: built

text: by

text: Calixtus

text: III

text: Beside

text: the

text: cathedral

text: is

text: the

text: chapel

text: dedicated

text: to

text: the

text: Our

text: Lady

text: of

text: the

text: Forsaken

text: Virgen

text: de

text: los

text: desamparados

text: or

text: Mare

text: de

text: Déu

text: dels

text: Desamparats

question: When was the dome built?

answer: 15th century

text: 15th century

question: Who started the construction of the main chapel?

answer: Archbishop Luis Alfonso de los Cameros

text: Archbishop Luis Alfonso de los Cameros

question: When was the main entrance constructed?

answer: beginning of the 18th century

text: beginning of the 18th century

question: In what style is the door of the Apostles?

answer: Gothic

text: Gothic

question: Who painted the pictures that are in the San Francesco chapel?

answer: Francisco Goya

text: Francisco Goya


text: Technicolor (formerly called Thomson Consumer Electronics) claims to control MP3 licensing of the Layer 3 patents in many countries, including the United States, Japan, Canada and EU countries. Technicolor has been actively enforcing these patents.

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: Technicolor

text: formerly

text: called

text: Thomson

text: Consumer

text: Electronics

text: claims

text: to

text: control

text: licensing

text: of

text: the

text: Layer

text: patents

text: in

text: many

text: countries

text: including

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Japan

text: Canada

text: and

text: EU

text: countries

text: Technicolor

text: has

text: been

text: actively

text: enforcing

text: these

text: patents

question: What was Technicolor's previous name?

answer: Thomson Consumer Electronics

text: Thomson Consumer Electronics

question: What patent does Technicolor claim to control?

answer: Layer 3

text: Layer 3

question: What are Technicolor constantly in the process of doing?

answer: actively enforcing these patents

text: actively enforcing these patents


text: In 1987, in Canada, Elizabeth publicly supported politically divisive constitutional amendments, prompting criticism from opponents of the proposed changes, including Pierre Trudeau. The same year, the elected Fijian government was deposed in a military coup. Elizabeth, as monarch of Fiji, supported the attempts of the Governor-General, Ratu Sir Penaia Ganilau, to assert executive power and negotiate a settlement. Coup leader Sitiveni Rabuka deposed Ganilau and declared Fiji a republic. By the start of 1991, republican feeling in Britain had risen because of press estimates of the Queen's private wealth—which were contradicted by the Palace—and reports of affairs and strained marriages among her extended family. The involvement of the younger royals in the charity game show It's a Royal Knockout was ridiculed and the Queen was the target of satire.

title: Elizabeth_II

title: Elizabeth_II

text: In

text: in

text: Canada

text: Elizabeth

text: publicly

text: supported

text: politically

text: divisive

text: constitutional

text: amendments

text: prompting

text: criticism

text: from

text: opponents

text: of

text: the

text: proposed

text: changes

text: including

text: Pierre

text: Trudeau

text: The

text: same

text: year

text: the

text: elected

text: Fijian

text: government

text: was

text: deposed

text: in

text: a

text: military

text: coup

text: Elizabeth

text: as

text: monarch

text: of

text: Fiji

text: supported

text: the

text: attempts

text: of

text: the

text: Governor

text: General

text: Ratu

text: Sir

text: Penaia

text: Ganilau

text: to

text: assert

text: executive

text: power

text: and

text: negotiate

text: a

text: settlement

text: Coup

text: leader

text: Sitiveni

text: Rabuka

text: deposed

text: Ganilau

text: and

text: declared

text: Fiji

text: a

text: republic

text: By

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: republican

text: feeling

text: in

text: Britain

text: had

text: risen

text: because

text: of

text: press

text: estimates

text: of

text: the

text: Queen

text: 's

text: private

text: wealth

text: which

text: were

text: contradicted

text: by

text: the

text: Palace

text: and

text: reports

text: of

text: affairs

text: and

text: strained

text: marriages

text: among

text: her

text: extended

text: family

text: The

text: involvement

text: of

text: the

text: younger

text: royals

text: in

text: the

text: charity

text: game

text: show

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: Royal

text: Knockout

text: was

text: ridiculed

text: and

text: the

text: Queen

text: was

text: the

text: target

text: of

text: satire

question: When did Elizabeth support constitutional amendments in Canada?

answer: 1987

question: What politician criticized the proposed changes?

answer: Pierre Trudeau

text: Pierre Trudeau

question: In 1987 what elected government was removed in a coup?

answer: Fijian government

text: Fijian government

question: What did coup leader Sitiveni Rabuka declare Fiji to be?

answer: republic

text: republic

question: In 1991 what money issue of the Queen was a feature of public criticism?

answer: private wealth

text: private wealth


text: The Tucson Padres played at Kino Veterans Memorial Stadium from 2011 to 2013. They served as the AAA affiliate of the San Diego Padres. The team, formerly known as the Portland Beavers, was temporarily relocated to Tucson from Portland while awaiting the building of a new stadium in Escondido. Legal issues derailed the plans to build the Escondido stadium, so they moved to El Paso, Texas for the 2014 season. Previously, the Tucson Sidewinders, a triple-A affiliate of the Arizona Diamondbacks, won the Pacific Coast League championship and unofficial AAA championship in 2006. The Sidewinders played in Tucson Electric Park and were in the Pacific Conference South of the PCL. The Sidewinders were sold in 2007 and moved to Reno, Nevada after the 2008 season. They now compete as the Reno Aces.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: The

text: Tucson

text: Padres

text: played

text: at

text: Kino

text: Veterans

text: Memorial

text: Stadium

text: from

text: to

text: They

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: AAA

text: affiliate

text: of

text: the

text: San

text: Diego

text: Padres

text: The

text: team

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Portland

text: Beavers

text: was

text: temporarily

text: relocated

text: to

text: Tucson

text: from

text: Portland

text: while

text: awaiting

text: the

text: building

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: stadium

text: in

text: Escondido

text: Legal

text: issues

text: derailed

text: the

text: plans

text: to

text: build

text: the

text: Escondido

text: stadium

text: so

text: they

text: moved

text: to

text: El

text: Paso

text: Texas

text: for

text: the

text: season

text: Previously

text: the

text: Tucson

text: Sidewinders

text: a

text: triple

text: A

text: affiliate

text: of

text: the

text: Arizona

text: Diamondbacks

text: won

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Coast

text: League

text: championship

text: and

text: unofficial

text: AAA

text: championship

text: in

text: The

text: Sidewinders

text: played

text: in

text: Tucson

text: Electric

text: Park

text: and

text: were

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Conference

text: South

text: of

text: the

text: PCL

text: The

text: Sidewinders

text: were

text: sold

text: in

text: and

text: moved

text: to

text: Reno

text: Nevada

text: after

text: the

text: season

text: They

text: now

text: compete

text: as

text: the

text: Reno

text: Aces

question: Where did the Tucson Sidewinders move to?

answer: Reno, Nevada

text: Reno, Nevada

question: What team played at Kino Veterans Memorial Stadium in 2011-2013?

answer: Tucson Padres

text: Tucson Padres

question: Why were the Tucson Padres temporarily in Tucson?

answer: awaiting the building of a new stadium in Escondido

text: awaiting the building of a new stadium in Escondido

question: Where did the Padres move when the Escondido stadium fell through?

answer: El Paso, Texas

text: El Paso, Texas

question: What is the new name of the Tucson Sidewinders?

answer: Reno Aces

text: Reno Aces


text: Two common considerations have the Latin names lectio brevior (shorter reading) and lectio difficilior (more difficult reading). The first is the general observation that scribes tended to add words, for clarification or out of habit, more often than they removed them. The second, lectio difficilior potior (the harder reading is stronger), recognizes the tendency for harmonization—resolving apparent inconsistencies in the text. Applying this principle leads to taking the more difficult (unharmonized) reading as being more likely to be the original. Such cases also include scribes simplifying and smoothing texts they did not fully understand.

title: Textual_criticism

title: Textual_criticism

text: Two

text: common

text: considerations

text: have

text: the

text: Latin

text: names

text: lectio

text: brevior

text: shorter

text: reading

text: and

text: lectio

text: difficilior

text: more

text: difficult

text: reading

text: The

text: first

text: is

text: the

text: general

text: observation

text: that

text: scribes

text: tended

text: to

text: add

text: words

text: for

text: clarification

text: or

text: out

text: of

text: habit

text: more

text: often

text: than

text: they

text: removed

text: them

text: The

text: second

text: lectio

text: difficilior

text: potior

text: the

text: harder

text: reading

text: is

text: stronger

text: recognizes

text: the

text: tendency

text: for

text: harmonization

text: resolving

text: apparent

text: inconsistencies

text: in

text: the

text: text

text: Applying

text: this

text: principle

text: leads

text: to

text: taking

text: the

text: more

text: difficult

text: unharmonized

text: reading

text: as

text: being

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: original

text: Such

text: cases

text: also

text: include

text: scribes

text: simplifying

text: and

text: smoothing

text: texts

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: fully

text: understand

question: Is a lectio brevrio or lectio difficilior approach more akin to the original text?

answer: Applying this principle leads to taking the more difficult (unharmonized) reading as being more likely to be the original.

text: Applying this principle leads to taking the more difficult (unharmonized) reading as being more likely to be the original.

question: What is the main principle of lectio brevior?

answer: scribes tended to add words, for clarification or out of habit

text: scribes tended to add words, for clarification or out of habit

question: Define "lectio brevior"

answer: shorter reading

text: shorter reading

question: What is the main principle of lectio difficilior?

answer: the tendency for harmonization—resolving apparent inconsistencies in the text.

text: the tendency for harmonization—resolving apparent inconsistencies in the text.

question: Define "lectio difficilior"

answer: more difficult reading

text: more difficult reading


text: Following the French capture of Algeria (1833), that region saw several waves of Catalan-speaking settlers. People from the Spanish Alacant province settled around Oran, whereas Algiers received immigration from Northern Catalonia and Minorca. Their speech was known as patuet. By 1911, the number of Catalan speakers was around 100,000. After the declaration of independence of Algeria in 1962, almost all the Catalan speakers fled to Northern Catalonia (as Pieds-Noirs) or Alacant.

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: Following

text: the

text: French

text: capture

text: of

text: Algeria

text: that

text: region

text: saw

text: several

text: waves

text: of

text: Catalan

text: speaking

text: settlers

text: People

text: from

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Alacant

text: province

text: settled

text: around

text: Oran

text: whereas

text: Algiers

text: received

text: immigration

text: from

text: Northern

text: Catalonia

text: and

text: Minorca

text: Their

text: speech

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: patuet

text: By

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: Catalan

text: speakers

text: was

text: around

text: After

text: the

text: declaration

text: of

text: independence

text: of

text: Algeria

text: in

text: almost

text: all

text: the

text: Catalan

text: speakers

text: fled

text: to

text: Northern

text: Catalonia

text: as

text: Pieds

text: Noirs

text: or

text: Alacant

question: When did the French obtain Algeria?

answer: 1833

question: Where did the Algiers immigrants come from?

answer: Northern Catalonia and Minorca

text: Northern Catalonia and Minorca

question: What was the Catalan immigrant's speech called?

answer: patuet

text: patuet

question: How many Catalan speakers lived in Algiers by 1911?

answer: around 100,000

text: around 100,000

question: When did most Catalan speakers leave northern Catalonia?

answer: 1962


text: Employment is primarily in government and industries such as natural resource extraction, shipping, and transportation. Military bases are a significant component of the economy in the Fairbanks North Star, Anchorage and Kodiak Island boroughs, as well as Kodiak. Federal subsidies are also an important part of the economy, allowing the state to keep taxes low. Its industrial outputs are crude petroleum, natural gas, coal, gold, precious metals, zinc and other mining, seafood processing, timber and wood products. There is also a growing service and tourism sector. Tourists have contributed to the economy by supporting local lodging.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: Employment

text: is

text: primarily

text: in

text: government

text: and

text: industries

text: such

text: as

text: natural

text: resource

text: extraction

text: shipping

text: and

text: transportation

text: Military

text: bases

text: are

text: a

text: significant

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: economy

text: in

text: the

text: Fairbanks

text: North

text: Star

text: Anchorage

text: and

text: Kodiak

text: Island

text: boroughs

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Kodiak

text: Federal

text: subsidies

text: are

text: also

text: an

text: important

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: economy

text: allowing

text: the

text: state

text: to

text: keep

text: taxes

text: low

text: Its

text: industrial

text: outputs

text: are

text: crude

text: petroleum

text: natural

text: gas

text: coal

text: gold

text: precious

text: metals

text: zinc

text: and

text: other

text: mining

text: seafood

text: processing

text: timber

text: and

text: wood

text: products

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: growing

text: service

text: and

text: tourism

text: sector

text: Tourists

text: have

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: economy

text: by

text: supporting

text: local

text: lodging

question: In which Alaskan areas are military bases prevalent as an important part of the local economy?

answer: Fairbanks North Star, Anchorage and Kodiak Island boroughs, as well as Kodiak

text: Fairbanks North Star, Anchorage and Kodiak Island boroughs, as well as Kodiak

question: What program allows Alaska to keep low taxes?

answer: Federal subsidies

text: Federal subsidies

question: What are some of Alaska's industrial products?

answer: crude petroleum, natural gas, coal, gold, precious metals, zinc and other mining, seafood processing, timber and wood products

text: crude petroleum, natural gas, coal, gold, precious metals, zinc and other mining, seafood processing, timber and wood products

question: How, specifically, have tourists helped the local economy in Alaska?

answer: supporting local lodging

text: supporting local lodging


text: Islamic political philosophy, was, indeed, rooted in the very sources of Islam—i.e., the Qur'an and the Sunnah, the words and practices of Muhammad—thus making it essentially theocratic. However, in the Western thought, it is generally supposed that it was a specific area peculiar merely to the great philosophers of Islam: al-Kindi (Alkindus), al-Farabi (Abunaser), İbn Sina (Avicenna), Ibn Bajjah (Avempace), Ibn Rushd (Averroes), and Ibn Khaldun. The political conceptions of Islam such as kudrah (power), sultan, ummah, cemaa (obligation)-and even the "core" terms of the Qur'an—i.e., ibadah (worship), din (religion), rab (master) and ilah (deity)—is taken as the basis of an analysis. Hence, not only the ideas of the Muslim political philosophers but also many other jurists and ulama posed political ideas and theories. For example, the ideas of the Khawarij in the very early years of Islamic history on Khilafa and Ummah, or that of Shia Islam on the concept of Imamah are considered proofs of political thought. The clashes between the Ehl-i Sunna and Shia in the 7th and 8th centuries had a genuine political character.

title: Political_philosophy

title: Political_philosophy

text: Islamic

text: political

text: philosophy

text: was

text: indeed

text: rooted

text: in

text: the

text: very

text: sources

text: of

text: Islam

text: i.e

text: the

text: Qur'an

text: and

text: the

text: Sunnah

text: the

text: words

text: and

text: practices

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: thus

text: making

text: it

text: essentially

text: theocratic

text: However

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: thought

text: it

text: is

text: generally

text: supposed

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: a

text: specific

text: area

text: peculiar

text: merely

text: to

text: the

text: great

text: philosophers

text: of

text: Islam

text: al

text: Kindi

text: Alkindus

text: al

text: Farabi

text: Abunaser

text: İbn

text: Sina

text: Avicenna

text: Ibn

text: Bajjah

text: Avempace

text: Ibn

text: Rushd

text: Averroes

text: and

text: Ibn

text: Khaldun

text: The

text: political

text: conceptions

text: of

text: Islam

text: such

text: as

text: kudrah

text: power

text: sultan

text: ummah

text: cemaa

text: obligation)-and

text: even

text: the

text: core

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: Qur'an

text: i.e

text: ibadah

text: worship

text: din

text: religion

text: rab

text: master

text: and

text: ilah

text: deity)—is

text: taken

text: as

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: an

text: analysis

text: Hence

text: not

text: only

text: the

text: ideas

text: of

text: the

text: Muslim

text: political

text: philosophers

text: but

text: also

text: many

text: other

text: jurists

text: and

text: ulama

text: posed

text: political

text: ideas

text: and

text: theories

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: ideas

text: of

text: the

text: Khawarij

text: in

text: the

text: very

text: early

text: years

text: of

text: Islamic

text: history

text: on

text: Khilafa

text: and

text: Ummah

text: or

text: that

text: of

text: Shia

text: Islam

text: on

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: Imamah

text: are

text: considered

text: proofs

text: of

text: political

text: thought

text: The

text: clashes

text: between

text: the

text: Ehl

text: i

text: Sunna

text: and

text: Shia

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: had

text: a

text: genuine

text: political

text: character

question: The clashes between Ehl-i Sunna and Shia had what kind of character?

answer: political

text: political

question: Islamic political philosophy was rooted in what sources?

answer: Islam

text: Islam

question: What is taken as the basis of an analysis?

answer: The political conceptions of Islam

text: The political conceptions of Islam


text: The method of self-exertion or "self-power"—without reliance on an external force or being—stands in contrast to another major form of Buddhism, Pure Land, which is characterized by utmost trust in the salvific "other-power" of Amitabha Buddha. Pure Land Buddhism is a very widespread and perhaps the most faith-orientated manifestation of Buddhism and centres upon the conviction that faith in Amitabha Buddha and the chanting of homage to his name liberates one at death into the Blissful (安樂), Pure Land (淨土) of Amitabha Buddha. This Buddhic realm is variously construed as a foretaste of Nirvana, or as essentially Nirvana itself. The great vow of Amitabha Buddha to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering is viewed within Pure Land Buddhism as universally efficacious, if only one has faith in the power of that vow or chants his name.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: The

text: method

text: of

text: self

text: exertion

text: or

text: self

text: power

text: without

text: reliance

text: on

text: an

text: external

text: force

text: or

text: being

text: stands

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: another

text: major

text: form

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: Pure

text: Land

text: which

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: utmost

text: trust

text: in

text: the

text: salvific

text: other

text: power

text: of

text: Amitabha

text: Buddha

text: Pure

text: Land

text: Buddhism

text: is

text: a

text: very

text: widespread

text: and

text: perhaps

text: the

text: most

text: faith

text: orientated

text: manifestation

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: and

text: centres

text: upon

text: the

text: conviction

text: that

text: faith

text: in

text: Amitabha

text: Buddha

text: and

text: the

text: chanting

text: of

text: homage

text: to

text: his

text: name

text: liberates

text: one

text: at

text: death

text: into

text: the

text: Blissful

text: 安樂

text: Pure

text: Land

text: 淨土

text: of

text: Amitabha

text: Buddha

text: This

text: Buddhic

text: realm

text: is

text: variously

text: construed

text: as

text: a

text: foretaste

text: of

text: Nirvana

text: or

text: as

text: essentially

text: Nirvana

text: itself

text: The

text: great

text: vow

text: of

text: Amitabha

text: Buddha

text: to

text: rescue

text: all

text: beings

text: from

text: samsaric

text: suffering

text: is

text: viewed

text: within

text: Pure

text: Land

text: Buddhism

text: as

text: universally

text: efficacious

text: if

text: only

text: one

text: has

text: faith

text: in

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: that

text: vow

text: or

text: chants

text: his

text: name

question: What is characterized by the deep truts in the "other-power" of Amitabha Buddha

answer: Pure Land

text: Pure Land

question: What is perhaps the most faith-oriented for of Buddhism?

answer: Pure Land

text: Pure Land

question: What Buddha vowed to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering?

answer: Amitabha

text: Amitabha


text: Generally, American civil procedure has several notable features, including extensive pretrial discovery, heavy reliance on live testimony obtained at deposition or elicited in front of a jury, and aggressive pretrial "law and motion" practice designed to result in a pretrial disposition (that is, summary judgment) or a settlement. U.S. courts pioneered the concept of the opt-out class action, by which the burden falls on class members to notify the court that they do not wish to be bound by the judgment, as opposed to opt-in class actions, where class members must join into the class. Another unique feature is the so-called American Rule under which parties generally bear their own attorneys' fees (as opposed to the English Rule of "loser pays"), though American legislators and courts have carved out numerous exceptions.

title: Law_of_the_United_States

title: Law_of_the_United_States

text: Generally

text: American

text: civil

text: procedure

text: has

text: several

text: notable

text: features

text: including

text: extensive

text: pretrial

text: discovery

text: heavy

text: reliance

text: on

text: live

text: testimony

text: obtained

text: at

text: deposition

text: or

text: elicited

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: a

text: jury

text: and

text: aggressive

text: pretrial

text: law

text: and

text: motion

text: practice

text: designed

text: to

text: result

text: in

text: a

text: pretrial

text: disposition

text: that

text: is

text: summary

text: judgment

text: or

text: a

text: settlement

text: U.S.

text: courts

text: pioneered

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: the

text: opt

text: out

text: class

text: action

text: by

text: which

text: the

text: burden

text: falls

text: on

text: class

text: members

text: to

text: notify

text: the

text: court

text: that

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: wish

text: to

text: be

text: bound

text: by

text: the

text: judgment

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: opt

text: in

text: class

text: actions

text: where

text: class

text: members

text: must

text: join

text: into

text: the

text: class

text: Another

text: unique

text: feature

text: is

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: American

text: Rule

text: under

text: which

text: parties

text: generally

text: bear

text: their

text: own

text: attorneys

text: fees

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: English

text: Rule

text: of

text: loser

text: pays

text: though

text: American

text: legislators

text: and

text: courts

text: have

text: carved

text: out

text: numerous

text: exceptions

question: What is extensive pretrial discovery a part of?

answer: American civil procedure

text: American civil procedure

question: What is a pretrial deposition?

answer: summary judgment

text: summary judgment

question: What is an opt-out class action?

answer: the burden falls on class members to notify the court that they do not wish to be bound by the judgment

text: the burden falls on class members to notify the court that they do not wish to be bound by the judgment

question: What is an opt-in class action?

answer: class members must join into the class

text: class members must join into the class

question: What is the American Rule?

answer: parties generally bear their own attorneys' fees

text: parties generally bear their own attorneys' fees


text: In the years following the mid-1930s, Detroit was referred to as the "City of Champions" after the Tigers, Lions, and Red Wings captured all three major professional sports championships in a seven-month period of time (the Tigers won the World Series in October 1935; the Lions won the NFL championship in December 1935; the Red Wings won the Stanley Cup in April 1936). In 1932, Eddie "The Midnight Express" Tolan from Detroit won the 100- and 200-meter races and two gold medals at the 1932 Summer Olympics. Joe Louis won the heavyweight championship of the world in 1937.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: In

text: the

text: years

text: following

text: the

text: Detroit

text: was

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Champions

text: after

text: the

text: Tigers

text: Lions

text: and

text: Red

text: Wings

text: captured

text: all

text: three

text: major

text: professional

text: sports

text: championships

text: in

text: a

text: seven

text: month

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: the

text: Tigers

text: won

text: the

text: World

text: Series

text: in

text: October

text: the

text: Lions

text: won

text: the

text: NFL

text: championship

text: in

text: December

text: the

text: Red

text: Wings

text: won

text: the

text: Stanley

text: Cup

text: in

text: April

text: In

text: Eddie

text: The

text: Midnight

text: Express

text: Tolan

text: from

text: Detroit

text: won

text: the

text: and

text: races

text: and

text: two

text: gold

text: medals

text: at

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: Joe

text: Louis

text: won

text: the

text: heavyweight

text: championship

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: in

question: What is Detroit's sports related nickname?

answer: City of Champions

text: City of Champions

question: What is Eddie Tolan's nickname?

answer: The Midnight Express

text: The Midnight Express

question: Who won the boxing title in 1937?

answer: Joe Louis

text: Joe Louis

question: Who won the Stanley Cup in 1936?

answer: Red Wings

text: Red Wings

question: Who won the World Series in 1935?

answer: Tigers

text: Tigers


text: The Great Basin and Columbia Plateau (the Intermontane Plateaus) are arid or semiarid regions that lie in the rain shadow of the Cascades and Sierra Nevada. Precipitation averages less than 15 inches (38 cm). The Southwest is a hot desert, with temperatures exceeding 100 °F (37.8 °C) for several weeks at a time in summer. The Southwest and the Great Basin are also affected by the monsoon from the Gulf of California from July to September, which brings localized but often severe thunderstorms to the region.

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

text: The

text: Great

text: Basin

text: and

text: Columbia

text: Plateau

text: the

text: Intermontane

text: Plateaus

text: are

text: arid

text: or

text: semiarid

text: regions

text: that

text: lie

text: in

text: the

text: rain

text: shadow

text: of

text: the

text: Cascades

text: and

text: Sierra

text: Nevada

text: Precipitation

text: averages

text: less

text: than

text: inches

text: cm

text: The

text: Southwest

text: is

text: a

text: hot

text: desert

text: with

text: temperatures

text: exceeding

text: F

text: C

text: for

text: several

text: weeks

text: at

text: a

text: time

text: in

text: summer

text: The

text: Southwest

text: and

text: the

text: Great

text: Basin

text: are

text: also

text: affected

text: by

text: the

text: monsoon

text: from

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: California

text: from

text: July

text: to

text: September

text: which

text: brings

text: localized

text: but

text: often

text: severe

text: thunderstorms

text: to

text: the

text: region

question: Which areas have arid regions?

answer: The Great Basin and Columbia Plateau

text: The Great Basin and Columbia Plateau

question: What is the precipitation average in the Intermontane plateaus?

answer: 15 inches

text: 15 inches

question: In the southwest, how high do temperatures get?

answer: 100 °F (37.8 °C)

text: 100 °F (37.8 °C)

question: During which months are portions of the US affected by the monsoon from the Gulf of California?

answer: July to September

text: July to September

question: What type of weather do monsoons bring?

answer: severe thunderstorms

text: severe thunderstorms


text: Nevertheless, whether and to what degree any of these types of intermediaries have secondary liability is the subject of ongoing litigation. The decentralised structure of peer-to-peer networks, in particular, does not sit easily with existing laws on online intermediaries' liability. The BitTorrent protocol established an entirely decentralised network architecture in order to distribute large files effectively. Recent developments in peer-to-peer technology towards more complex network configurations are said to have been driven by a desire to avoid liability as intermediaries under existing laws.

title: Copyright_infringement

title: Copyright_infringement

text: Nevertheless

text: whether

text: and

text: to

text: what

text: degree

text: any

text: of

text: these

text: types

text: of

text: intermediaries

text: have

text: secondary

text: liability

text: is

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: ongoing

text: litigation

text: The

text: decentralised

text: structure

text: of

text: peer

text: to

text: peer

text: networks

text: in

text: particular

text: does

text: not

text: sit

text: easily

text: with

text: existing

text: laws

text: on

text: online

text: intermediaries

text: liability

text: The

text: BitTorrent

text: protocol

text: established

text: an

text: entirely

text: decentralised

text: network

text: architecture

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: distribute

text: large

text: files

text: effectively

text: Recent

text: developments

text: in

text: peer

text: to

text: peer

text: technology

text: towards

text: more

text: complex

text: network

text: configurations

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: driven

text: by

text: a

text: desire

text: to

text: avoid

text: liability

text: as

text: intermediaries

text: under

text: existing

text: laws

question: What is the legal status of secondary liability?

answer: subject of ongoing litigation

text: subject of ongoing litigation

question: What makes peer-to-peer networks different than other online providers?

answer: decentralised structure

text: decentralised structure

question: What was the initial purpose of the BitTorrent protocol?

answer: distribute large files effectively

text: distribute large files effectively

question: What are the reasons for more complex network configurations in peer-to-peer software development?

answer: to avoid liability as intermediaries

text: to avoid liability as intermediaries


text: The Crimean War also saw the first tactical use of railways and other modern inventions, such as the electric telegraph, with the first "live" war reporting to The Times by William Howard Russell. Some credit Russell with prompting the resignation of the sitting British government through his reporting of the lacklustre condition of British forces deployed in Crimea. Additionally, the telegraph reduced the independence of British overseas possessions from their commanders in London due to such rapid communications. Newspaper readership informed public opinion in the United Kingdom and France as never before. It was the first European war to be photographed.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: The

text: Crimean

text: War

text: also

text: saw

text: the

text: first

text: tactical

text: use

text: of

text: railways

text: and

text: other

text: modern

text: inventions

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: electric

text: telegraph

text: with

text: the

text: first

text: live

text: war

text: reporting

text: to

text: The

text: Times

text: by

text: William

text: Howard

text: Russell

text: Some

text: credit

text: Russell

text: with

text: prompting

text: the

text: resignation

text: of

text: the

text: sitting

text: British

text: government

text: through

text: his

text: reporting

text: of

text: the

text: lacklustre

text: condition

text: of

text: British

text: forces

text: deployed

text: in

text: Crimea

text: Additionally

text: the

text: telegraph

text: reduced

text: the

text: independence

text: of

text: British

text: overseas

text: possessions

text: from

text: their

text: commanders

text: in

text: London

text: due

text: to

text: such

text: rapid

text: communications

text: Newspaper

text: readership

text: informed

text: public

text: opinion

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: France

text: as

text: never

text: before

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: European

text: war

text: to

text: be

text: photographed

question: The tactical use of railways was first used during what war?

answer: The Crimean War

text: The Crimean War

question: Who gave the first live war report?

answer: William Howard Russell

text: William Howard Russell

question: Due to his reporting skills, some give Russell credit for doing what?

answer: prompting the resignation of the sitting British government

text: prompting the resignation of the sitting British government

question: What reduced the independence of British overseas possessions from their commanders in London?

answer: the telegraph

text: the telegraph

question: What was the first European war to be photographed?

answer: The Crimean War

text: The Crimean War


text: Perceived sexual orientation may affect how a person is treated. For instance, in the United States, the FBI reported that 15.6% of hate crimes reported to police in 2004 were "because of a sexual-orientation bias". Under the UK Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003, as explained by Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service, "workers or job applicants must not be treated less favourably because of their sexual orientation, their perceived sexual orientation or because they associate with someone of a particular sexual orientation".

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: Perceived

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: may

text: affect

text: how

text: a

text: person

text: is

text: treated

text: For

text: instance

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: FBI

text: reported

text: that

text: of

text: hate

text: crimes

text: reported

text: to

text: police

text: in

text: were

text: because

text: of

text: a

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: bias

text: Under

text: the

text: UK

text: Employment

text: Equality

text: Sexual

text: Orientation

text: Regulations

text: as

text: explained

text: by

text: Advisory

text: Conciliation

text: and

text: Arbitration

text: Service

text: workers

text: or

text: job

text: applicants

text: must

text: not

text: be

text: treated

text: less

text: favourably

text: because

text: of

text: their

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: their

text: perceived

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: or

text: because

text: they

text: associate

text: with

text: someone

text: of

text: a

text: particular

text: sexual

text: orientation

question: What can affect how a person is treated?

answer: Perceived sexual orientation

text: Perceived sexual orientation

question: What percent of hate crimes did the FBI relate to sexual orientation bias?

answer: 15.6%

question: When was the UK emloyment eequality (sexual orientation) regulations law take effect?

answer: 2003,

question: Under this law what does this state that is required by employers?

answer: workers or job applicants must not be treated less favourably because of their sexual orientation

text: workers or job applicants must not be treated less favourably because of their sexual orientation


text: The BCG vaccine has limitations, and research to develop new TB vaccines is ongoing. A number of potential candidates are currently in phase I and II clinical trials. Two main approaches are being used to attempt to improve the efficacy of available vaccines. One approach involves adding a subunit vaccine to BCG, while the other strategy is attempting to create new and better live vaccines. MVA85A, an example of a subunit vaccine, currently in trials in South Africa, is based on a genetically modified vaccinia virus. Vaccines are hoped to play a significant role in treatment of both latent and active disease.

title: Tuberculosis

title: Tuberculosis

text: The

text: BCG

text: vaccine

text: has

text: limitations

text: and

text: research

text: to

text: develop

text: new

text: TB

text: vaccines

text: is

text: ongoing

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: potential

text: candidates

text: are

text: currently

text: in

text: phase

text: I

text: and

text: II

text: clinical

text: trials

text: Two

text: main

text: approaches

text: are

text: being

text: used

text: to

text: attempt

text: to

text: improve

text: the

text: efficacy

text: of

text: available

text: vaccines

text: One

text: approach

text: involves

text: adding

text: a

text: subunit

text: vaccine

text: to

text: BCG

text: while

text: the

text: other

text: strategy

text: is

text: attempting

text: to

text: create

text: new

text: and

text: better

text: live

text: vaccines

text: an

text: example

text: of

text: a

text: subunit

text: vaccine

text: currently

text: in

text: trials

text: in

text: South

text: Africa

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: a

text: genetically

text: modified

text: vaccinia

text: virus

text: Vaccines

text: are

text: hoped

text: to

text: play

text: a

text: significant

text: role

text: in

text: treatment

text: of

text: both

text: latent

text: and

text: active

text: disease

question: What vaccine are researchers trying to improve on?

answer: BCG

text: BCG

question: What phase of clinical trials have some new vaccine options reached?

answer: I and II

text: I and II

question: What does one option propose adding to the existing BCG vaccine?

answer: subunit vaccine

text: subunit vaccine

question: What's the name of the subunit vaccine being studied in South Africa?

answer: MVA85A

question: What genetically modified virus was used to develop MVA85A?

answer: vaccinia

text: vaccinia


text: Beginning around 2005, drug traffickers based in Latin America began to use Guinea-Bissau, along with several neighboring West African nations, as a transshipment point to Europe for cocaine. The nation was described by a United Nations official as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state". The government and the military have done little to stop drug trafficking, which increased after the 2012 coup d'état.

title: Guinea-Bissau

title: Guinea

title: Bissau

text: Beginning

text: around

text: drug

text: traffickers

text: based

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: began

text: to

text: use

text: Guinea

text: Bissau

text: along

text: with

text: several

text: neighboring

text: West

text: African

text: nations

text: as

text: a

text: transshipment

text: point

text: to

text: Europe

text: for

text: cocaine

text: The

text: nation

text: was

text: described

text: by

text: a

text: United

text: Nations

text: official

text: as

text: being

text: at

text: risk

text: for

text: becoming

text: a

text: narco

text: state

text: The

text: government

text: and

text: the

text: military

text: have

text: done

text: little

text: to

text: stop

text: drug

text: trafficking

text: which

text: increased

text: after

text: the

text: coup

text: d'état

question: When did drug traffickers begin to use Guinea-Bissau?

answer: 2005

question: Where did the drug traffickers come from?

answer: Latin America

text: Latin America

question: What was the final destination of the drugs going through Guinea-Bissau?

answer: Europe

text: Europe

question: Who described Guinea-Bissau as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state"?

answer: a United Nations official

text: a United Nations official

question: Who has done little to stop drug trafficking in the country?

answer: The government and the military

text: The government and the military


text: Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Professorship of Divinity, arising from his own Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom. Some have argued that this arrangement was "fully compatible with Jefferson's views on the separation of church and state;" however, others point to Jefferson's support for a scheme in which students at the University would attend religious worship each morning as evidence that his views were not consistent with strict separation. Still other scholars, such as Mark David Hall, attempt to sidestep the whole issue by arguing that American jurisprudence focuses too narrowly on this one Jeffersonian letter while failing to account for other relevant history

title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States

text: Jefferson

text: 's

text: opponents

text: said

text: his

text: position

text: was

text: the

text: destruction

text: and

text: the

text: governmental

text: rejection

text: of

text: Christianity

text: but

text: this

text: was

text: a

text: caricature

text: In

text: setting

text: up

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Virginia

text: Jefferson

text: encouraged

text: all

text: the

text: separate

text: sects

text: to

text: have

text: preachers

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: though

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: constitutional

text: ban

text: on

text: the

text: State

text: supporting

text: a

text: Professorship

text: of

text: Divinity

text: arising

text: from

text: his

text: own

text: Virginia

text: Statute

text: for

text: Religious

text: Freedom

text: Some

text: have

text: argued

text: that

text: this

text: arrangement

text: was

text: fully

text: compatible

text: with

text: Jefferson

text: 's

text: views

text: on

text: the

text: separation

text: of

text: church

text: and

text: state

text: however

text: others

text: point

text: to

text: Jefferson

text: 's

text: support

text: for

text: a

text: scheme

text: in

text: which

text: students

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: would

text: attend

text: religious

text: worship

text: each

text: morning

text: as

text: evidence

text: that

text: his

text: views

text: were

text: not

text: consistent

text: with

text: strict

text: separation

text: Still

text: other

text: scholars

text: such

text: as

text: Mark

text: David

text: Hall

text: attempt

text: to

text: sidestep

text: the

text: whole

text: issue

text: by

text: arguing

text: that

text: American

text: jurisprudence

text: focuses

text: too

text: narrowly

text: on

text: this

text: one

text: Jeffersonian

text: letter

text: while

text: failing

text: to

text: account

text: for

text: other

text: relevant

text: history

question: What did Jefferson's opponents accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity?

answer: destruction

text: destruction

question: What did Jefferson encourage the separate sects at the University of Virginia to have of their own?

answer: preachers

text: preachers

question: How was the state banned from supporting a Professorship of Divinity?

answer: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

text: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

question: What scheme did Jefferson apparently support when it came to University students?

answer: attend religious worship each morning

text: attend religious worship each morning

question: What does Mark David Hall think people focus on way too much?

answer: one Jeffersonian letter

text: one Jeffersonian letter


text: Not-self (Pāli: anatta; Sanskrit: anātman) is the third mark of existence. Upon careful examination, one finds that no phenomenon is really "I" or "mine"; these concepts are in fact constructed by the mind. In the Nikayas anatta is not meant as a metaphysical assertion, but as an approach for gaining release from suffering. In fact, the Buddha rejected both of the metaphysical assertions "I have a Self" and "I have no Self" as ontological views that bind one to suffering.[note 9] When asked if the self was identical with the body, the Buddha refused to answer. By analyzing the constantly changing physical and mental constituents (skandhas) of a person or object, the practitioner comes to the conclusion that neither the respective parts nor the person as a whole comprise a self.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Not

text: self

text: Pāli

text: anatta

text: Sanskrit

text: anātman

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: mark

text: of

text: existence

text: Upon

text: careful

text: examination

text: one

text: finds

text: that

text: no

text: phenomenon

text: is

text: really

text: I

text: or

text: mine

text: these

text: concepts

text: are

text: in

text: fact

text: constructed

text: by

text: the

text: mind

text: In

text: the

text: Nikayas

text: anatta

text: is

text: not

text: meant

text: as

text: a

text: metaphysical

text: assertion

text: but

text: as

text: an

text: approach

text: for

text: gaining

text: release

text: from

text: suffering

text: In

text: fact

text: the

text: Buddha

text: rejected

text: both

text: of

text: the

text: metaphysical

text: assertions

text: I

text: have

text: a

text: Self

text: and

text: I

text: have

text: no

text: Self

text: as

text: ontological

text: views

text: that

text: bind

text: one

text: to

text: suffering.[note

text: When

text: asked

text: if

text: the

text: self

text: was

text: identical

text: with

text: the

text: body

text: the

text: Buddha

text: refused

text: to

text: answer

text: By

text: analyzing

text: the

text: constantly

text: changing

text: physical

text: and

text: mental

text: constituents

text: skandhas

text: of

text: a

text: person

text: or

text: object

text: the

text: practitioner

text: comes

text: to

text: the

text: conclusion

text: that

text: neither

text: the

text: respective

text: parts

text: nor

text: the

text: person

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: comprise

text: a

text: self

question: What is the third mark of existence in Buddhism?

answer: Not-self (Pāli: anatta; Sanskrit: anātman)

text: Not-self (Pāli: anatta; Sanskrit: anātman)

question: The Buddha rejected the metaphysical assertions "I have a Self" and "I have no Self" as views that bind one to what?

answer: suffering

text: suffering

question: What was the answer given when the Buddha was asked if the body is the same as the self?

answer: the Buddha refused to answer

text: the Buddha refused to answer

question: What is the conclusion that one comes to when analyzing the changing physical and mental components or  person or thing?

answer: neither the respective parts nor the person as a whole comprise a self

text: neither the respective parts nor the person as a whole comprise a self

question: What is the 3rd mark of existence?

answer: Not-self

text: Not-self

question: In what form is anatta not meant as a metaphysical assertion?

answer: Nikayas

text: Nikayas

question: Buddha rejected the assertion "I have a Self" and what other related assertion?

answer: "I have no Self"

text: "I have no Self"

question: What is the term for constantly changing physical and mental parts?

answer: skandhas

text: skandhas


text: With Egypt and Macedonia weakened, the Seleucid Empire made increasingly aggressive and successful attempts to conquer the entire Greek world. Now not only Rome's allies against Philip, but even Philip himself, sought a Roman alliance against the Seleucids. The situation was made worse by the fact that Hannibal was now a chief military advisor to the Seleucid emperor, and the two were believed to be planning an outright conquest not just of Greece, but of Rome itself. The Seleucids were much stronger than the Macedonians had ever been, because they controlled much of the former Persian Empire, and by now had almost entirely reassembled Alexander the Great's former empire.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: With

text: Egypt

text: and

text: Macedonia

text: weakened

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: Empire

text: made

text: increasingly

text: aggressive

text: and

text: successful

text: attempts

text: to

text: conquer

text: the

text: entire

text: Greek

text: world

text: Now

text: not

text: only

text: Rome

text: 's

text: allies

text: against

text: Philip

text: but

text: even

text: Philip

text: himself

text: sought

text: a

text: Roman

text: alliance

text: against

text: the

text: Seleucids

text: The

text: situation

text: was

text: made

text: worse

text: by

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: Hannibal

text: was

text: now

text: a

text: chief

text: military

text: advisor

text: to

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: emperor

text: and

text: the

text: two

text: were

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: planning

text: an

text: outright

text: conquest

text: not

text: just

text: of

text: Greece

text: but

text: of

text: Rome

text: itself

text: The

text: Seleucids

text: were

text: much

text: stronger

text: than

text: the

text: Macedonians

text: had

text: ever

text: been

text: because

text: they

text: controlled

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Persian

text: Empire

text: and

text: by

text: now

text: had

text: almost

text: entirely

text: reassembled

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: 's

text: former

text: empire

question: Who had now been appointed as a military advisor to the emperor of Seleucid?

answer: Hannibal

text: Hannibal

question: What was thought to be the plan of Hannibal and the emperor of Seleucid?

answer: an outright conquest not just of Greece, but of Rome itself

text: an outright conquest not just of Greece, but of Rome itself

question: Which empire currently controlled the majority of the former Persian Empire?

answer: Seleucids

text: Seleucids

question: Who had managed to recreate nearly the entirety of the empire of Alexander the Great?

answer: Seleucids

text: Seleucids

question: Which former enemy wanted an alliance with the Romans?

answer: Philip

text: Philip


text: The city had a population of 1,307,402 according to the 2010 census, distributed over a land area of 372.1 square miles (963.7 km2). The urban area of San Diego extends beyond the administrative city limits and had a total population of 2,956,746, making it the third-largest urban area in the state, after that of the Los Angeles metropolitan area and San Francisco metropolitan area. They, along with the Riverside–San Bernardino, form those metropolitan areas in California larger than the San Diego metropolitan area, with a total population of 3,095,313 at the 2010 census.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: The

text: city

text: had

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: census

text: distributed

text: over

text: a

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: miles

text: The

text: urban

text: area

text: of

text: San

text: Diego

text: extends

text: beyond

text: the

text: administrative

text: city

text: limits

text: and

text: had

text: a

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: urban

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: after

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: and

text: San

text: Francisco

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: They

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Riverside

text: San

text: Bernardino

text: form

text: those

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: in

text: California

text: larger

text: than

text: the

text: San

text: Diego

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: with

text: a

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: at

text: the

text: census

question: In the top five largest urban areas in California, where does San Diego rank?

answer: third-largest

text: third-largest

question: What area does Los Angeles and San Francisco merge with to form metropolitan areas larger than San Diego?

answer: Riverside–San Bernardino

text: Riverside–San Bernardino

question: What was the population of San Diego at the time of the 2010 census?

answer: 1,307,402

question: How many square miles does San Diego cover?

answer: 372.1

question: What is the population of San Diego's urgan area?

answer: 2,956,746


text: The University of Notre Dame has made being a sustainability leader an integral part of its mission, creating the Office of Sustainability in 2008 to achieve a number of goals in the areas of power generation, design and construction, waste reduction, procurement, food services, transportation, and water.As of 2012[update] four building construction projects were pursuing LEED-Certified status and three were pursuing LEED Silver. Notre Dame's dining services sources 40% of its food locally and offers sustainably caught seafood as well as many organic, fair-trade, and vegan options. On the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2010, University of Notre Dame received a "B" grade. The university also houses the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Father Gustavo Gutierrez, the founder of Liberation Theology is a current faculty member.

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: has

text: made

text: being

text: a

text: sustainability

text: leader

text: an

text: integral

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: mission

text: creating

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Sustainability

text: in

text: to

text: achieve

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: goals

text: in

text: the

text: areas

text: of

text: power

text: generation

text: design

text: and

text: construction

text: waste

text: reduction

text: procurement

text: food

text: services

text: transportation

text: and

text: water

text: As

text: of

text: four

text: building

text: construction

text: projects

text: were

text: pursuing

text: LEED

text: Certified

text: status

text: and

text: three

text: were

text: pursuing

text: LEED

text: Silver

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: 's

text: dining

text: services

text: sources

text: of

text: its

text: food

text: locally

text: and

text: offers

text: sustainably

text: caught

text: seafood

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: many

text: organic

text: fair

text: trade

text: and

text: vegan

text: options

text: On

text: the

text: Sustainable

text: Endowments

text: Institute

text: 's

text: College

text: Sustainability

text: Report

text: Card

text: University

text: of

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: received

text: a

text: B

text: grade

text: The

text: university

text: also

text: houses

text: the

text: Kroc

text: Institute

text: for

text: International

text: Peace

text: Studies

text: Father

text: Gustavo

text: Gutierrez

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: Liberation

text: Theology

text: is

text: a

text: current

text: faculty

text: member

question: In what year did Notre Dame create the Office of Sustainability?

answer: 2008

question: What percentage of the food served at Notre Dame is locally grown?

answer: 40%

question: Notre Dame got a "B" for its sustainability practices from which entity?

answer: Sustainable Endowments Institute

text: Sustainable Endowments Institute

question: Gustavo Gutierrez is faculty of which institute?

answer: Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies

text: Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies