text: In India there are many polytechnic institutes and collages that offer a polytechnic education. In India a Diploma in Engineering is a specific academic award usually awarded in technical or vocational courses e.g. Engineering, Pharmacy, Designing, etc. These Institutions offer three year diploma in engineering post Tenth class. These institutes have affiliation from state bord of technical education of respective state governments. after which one can apply for post of junior engineer or continue higher studies by appearing for exams of AMIE to become an engineering graduate.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: In

text: India

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: polytechnic

text: institutes

text: and

text: collages

text: that

text: offer

text: a

text: polytechnic

text: education

text: In

text: India

text: a

text: Diploma

text: in

text: Engineering

text: is

text: a

text: specific

text: academic

text: award

text: usually

text: awarded

text: in

text: technical

text: or

text: vocational

text: courses

text: e.g.

text: Engineering

text: Pharmacy

text: Designing

text: etc

text: These

text: Institutions

text: offer

text: three

text: year

text: diploma

text: in

text: engineering

text: post

text: Tenth

text: class

text: These

text: institutes

text: have

text: affiliation

text: from

text: state

text: bord

text: of

text: technical

text: education

text: of

text: respective

text: state

text: governments

text: after

text: which

text: one

text: can

text: apply

text: for

text: post

text: of

text: junior

text: engineer

text: or

text: continue

text: higher

text: studies

text: by

text: appearing

text: for

text: exams

text: of

text: AMIE

text: to

text: become

text: an

text: engineering

text: graduate

question: What's the name of the diploma awarded in India for technical or vocational coursework?

answer: Diploma in Engineering

text: Diploma in Engineering


text: The state government left Philadelphia in 1799, and the federal government was moved to Washington, DC in 1800 with completion of the White House and Capitol. The city remained the young nation's largest with a population of nearly 50,000 at the turn of the 19th century; it was a financial and cultural center. Before 1800, its free black community founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), the first independent black denomination in the country, and the first black Episcopal Church. The free black community also established many schools for its children, with the help of Quakers. New York City soon surpassed Philadelphia in population, but with the construction of roads, canals, and railroads, Philadelphia became the first major industrial city in the United States.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: The

text: state

text: government

text: left

text: Philadelphia

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: was

text: moved

text: to

text: Washington

text: DC

text: in

text: with

text: completion

text: of

text: the

text: White

text: House

text: and

text: Capitol

text: The

text: city

text: remained

text: the

text: young

text: nation

text: 's

text: largest

text: with

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: nearly

text: at

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: it

text: was

text: a

text: financial

text: and

text: cultural

text: center

text: Before

text: its

text: free

text: black

text: community

text: founded

text: the

text: African

text: Methodist

text: Episcopal

text: Church

text: AME

text: the

text: first

text: independent

text: black

text: denomination

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: black

text: Episcopal

text: Church

text: The

text: free

text: black

text: community

text: also

text: established

text: many

text: schools

text: for

text: its

text: children

text: with

text: the

text: help

text: of

text: Quakers

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: soon

text: surpassed

text: Philadelphia

text: in

text: population

text: but

text: with

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: roads

text: canals

text: and

text: railroads

text: Philadelphia

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: industrial

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: When did the US government leave Philadelphia for D.C.?

answer: 1799

question: What religion did the black community found?

answer: African Methodist Episcopal Church

text: African Methodist Episcopal Church

question: Which city surpassed the population of Philadelphia?

answer: New York City

text: New York City

question: What type of economy did Philadelphia have?

answer: industrial

text: industrial


text: Alan Dershowitz described Sudan as an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid." Former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler echoed the accusation.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: Alan

text: Dershowitz

text: described

text: Sudan

text: as

text: an

text: example

text: of

text: a

text: government

text: that

text: actually

text: deserve(s

text: the

text: appellation

text: apartheid

text: Former

text: Canadian

text: Minister

text: of

text: Justice

text: Irwin

text: Cotler

text: echoed

text: the

text: accusation

question: Who was the Canadian Minister of Justice?

answer: Irwin Cotler

text: Irwin Cotler

question: How did Alan Dershozitz describe the Sudan?

answer: an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid."

text: an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid."

question: Who argeed with Dershowitz?

answer: Irwin Cotler

text: Irwin Cotler

question: Where did Irwin Cotler live?

answer: Canadian

text: Canadian


text: There has been a football tournament at every Summer Olympic Games since 1900, except at the 1932 games in Los Angeles. Before the inception of the World Cup, the Olympics (especially during the 1920s) had the same status as the World Cup. Originally, the event was for amateurs only; however, since the 1984 Summer Olympics, professional players have been permitted, albeit with certain restrictions which prevent countries from fielding their strongest sides. The Olympic men's tournament is played at Under-23 level. In the past the Olympics have allowed a restricted number of over-age players per team. A women's tournament was added in 1996; in contrast to the men's event, full international sides without age restrictions play the women's Olympic tournament.

title: Association_football

title: Association_football

text: There

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: football

text: tournament

text: at

text: every

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: since

text: except

text: at

text: the

text: games

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Before

text: the

text: inception

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: the

text: Olympics

text: especially

text: during

text: the

text: had

text: the

text: same

text: status

text: as

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: Originally

text: the

text: event

text: was

text: for

text: amateurs

text: only

text: however

text: since

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: professional

text: players

text: have

text: been

text: permitted

text: albeit

text: with

text: certain

text: restrictions

text: which

text: prevent

text: countries

text: from

text: fielding

text: their

text: strongest

text: sides

text: The

text: Olympic

text: men

text: 's

text: tournament

text: is

text: played

text: at

text: level

text: In

text: the

text: past

text: the

text: Olympics

text: have

text: allowed

text: a

text: restricted

text: number

text: of

text: over

text: age

text: players

text: per

text: team

text: A

text: women

text: 's

text: tournament

text: was

text: added

text: in

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: the

text: men

text: 's

text: event

text: full

text: international

text: sides

text: without

text: age

text: restrictions

text: play

text: the

text: women

text: 's

text: Olympic

text: tournament

question: Which year was there not a Summer Olympic Game?

answer: 1932

question: In what year was a women's tournament added to the Summer Olympics?

answer: 1996

question: What year were professional players allowed to play in the  Summer Olympics?

answer: 1984

question: What is the age limit on the Olympic men's tournament?

answer: Under-23

question: What was the first year that there was a football tournament at the Summer Olympics?

answer: 1900


text: At least a few insects have nociceptors, cells that detect and transmit sensations of pain. This was discovered in 2003 by studying the variation in reactions of larvae of the common fruitfly Drosophila to the touch of a heated probe and an unheated one. The larvae reacted to the touch of the heated probe with a stereotypical rolling behavior that was not exhibited when the larvae were touched by the unheated probe. Although nociception has been demonstrated in insects, there is no consensus that insects feel pain consciously

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: At

text: least

text: a

text: few

text: insects

text: have

text: nociceptors

text: cells

text: that

text: detect

text: and

text: transmit

text: sensations

text: of

text: pain

text: This

text: was

text: discovered

text: in

text: by

text: studying

text: the

text: variation

text: in

text: reactions

text: of

text: larvae

text: of

text: the

text: common

text: fruitfly

text: Drosophila

text: to

text: the

text: touch

text: of

text: a

text: heated

text: probe

text: and

text: an

text: unheated

text: one

text: The

text: larvae

text: reacted

text: to

text: the

text: touch

text: of

text: the

text: heated

text: probe

text: with

text: a

text: stereotypical

text: rolling

text: behavior

text: that

text: was

text: not

text: exhibited

text: when

text: the

text: larvae

text: were

text: touched

text: by

text: the

text: unheated

text: probe

text: Although

text: nociception

text: has

text: been

text: demonstrated

text: in

text: insects

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: consensus

text: that

text: insects

text: feel

text: pain

text: consciously

question: How many insects have nociceptors?

answer: a few

text: a few

question: Cells that detect and transmit pain are called what?

answer: nociceptors

text: nociceptors

question: When were nociceptors discovered?

answer: 2003

question: Nociceptors were discovered by studying the common what?

answer: fruitfly Drosophila

text: fruitfly Drosophila

question: Which probe did the larvae react to?

answer: the heated probe

text: the heated probe


text: Peruvian Carnival incorporates elements of violence and reflects the urban violence in Peruvian society following the internal conflict in Peru. Traditionally, Peruvian Andean festivities were held on this period every year because it is the rainy season. It was already violent during the 19th century, but the government limited the practice. During the early 20th century it consisted partying and parading, while in the second half of the 20th century it acquired violent characteristics that continued. It was banned, first from the streets in 1958 and altogether in 1959 by the Prado government. It consisted basically of water battles in a traditional way,[clarification needed] while in later years it included playing with dirty water, mud, oil and colorants -and also including fighting and sometimes looting private property and sexual assaults on women. It has become an excuse for criminal gangs to rob people while pretending to celebrate. As of 2010, it had become so violent that the government imposed penalties of up to eight years in prison for violence during the games (the games themselves are not forbidden, but using violence during the games or coercing others to participate is).

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: Peruvian

text: Carnival

text: incorporates

text: elements

text: of

text: violence

text: and

text: reflects

text: the

text: urban

text: violence

text: in

text: Peruvian

text: society

text: following

text: the

text: internal

text: conflict

text: in

text: Peru

text: Traditionally

text: Peruvian

text: Andean

text: festivities

text: were

text: held

text: on

text: this

text: period

text: every

text: year

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: rainy

text: season

text: It

text: was

text: already

text: violent

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: but

text: the

text: government

text: limited

text: the

text: practice

text: During

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: it

text: consisted

text: partying

text: and

text: parading

text: while

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: it

text: acquired

text: violent

text: characteristics

text: that

text: continued

text: It

text: was

text: banned

text: first

text: from

text: the

text: streets

text: in

text: and

text: altogether

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Prado

text: government

text: It

text: consisted

text: basically

text: of

text: water

text: battles

text: in

text: a

text: traditional

text: way,[clarification

text: needed

text: while

text: in

text: later

text: years

text: it

text: included

text: playing

text: with

text: dirty

text: water

text: mud

text: oil

text: and

text: colorants

text: -and

text: also

text: including

text: fighting

text: and

text: sometimes

text: looting

text: private

text: property

text: and

text: sexual

text: assaults

text: on

text: women

text: It

text: has

text: become

text: an

text: excuse

text: for

text: criminal

text: gangs

text: to

text: rob

text: people

text: while

text: pretending

text: to

text: celebrate

text: As

text: of

text: it

text: had

text: become

text: so

text: violent

text: that

text: the

text: government

text: imposed

text: penalties

text: of

text: up

text: to

text: eight

text: years

text: in

text: prison

text: for

text: violence

text: during

text: the

text: games

text: the

text: games

text: themselves

text: are

text: not

text: forbidden

text: but

text: using

text: violence

text: during

text: the

text: games

text: or

text: coercing

text: others

text: to

text: participate

text: is

question: What does the Peruvian Carnival incorporate elements of?

answer: violence

text: violence

question: Why are the festivals in Peru held when they are?

answer: because it is the rainy season

text: because it is the rainy season

question: When did the festivities acquire their violent tendencies?

answer: second half of the 20th century

text: second half of the 20th century

question: What is an element of Peruvian's Carnival not found in any other country's celebrations?

answer: sexual assaults on women

text: sexual assaults on women

question: How many years in prison can someone expect for being violent during the fun and games?

answer: eight

text: eight


text: Napoleon's coronation took place on December 2, 1804. Two separate crowns were brought for the ceremony: a golden laurel wreath recalling the Roman Empire and a replica of Charlemagne's crown. Napoleon entered the ceremony wearing the laurel wreath and kept it on his head throughout the proceedings. For the official coronation, he raised the Charlemagne crown over his own head in a symbolic gesture, but never placed it on top because he was already wearing the golden wreath. Instead he placed the crown on Josephine's head, the event commemorated in the officially sanctioned painting by Jacques-Louis David. Napoleon was also crowned King of Italy, with the Iron Crown of Lombardy, at the Cathedral of Milan on May 26, 1805. He created eighteen Marshals of the Empire from amongst his top generals to secure the allegiance of the army.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: coronation

text: took

text: place

text: on

text: December

text: Two

text: separate

text: crowns

text: were

text: brought

text: for

text: the

text: ceremony

text: a

text: golden

text: laurel

text: wreath

text: recalling

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: and

text: a

text: replica

text: of

text: Charlemagne

text: 's

text: crown

text: Napoleon

text: entered

text: the

text: ceremony

text: wearing

text: the

text: laurel

text: wreath

text: and

text: kept

text: it

text: on

text: his

text: head

text: throughout

text: the

text: proceedings

text: For

text: the

text: official

text: coronation

text: he

text: raised

text: the

text: Charlemagne

text: crown

text: over

text: his

text: own

text: head

text: in

text: a

text: symbolic

text: gesture

text: but

text: never

text: placed

text: it

text: on

text: top

text: because

text: he

text: was

text: already

text: wearing

text: the

text: golden

text: wreath

text: Instead

text: he

text: placed

text: the

text: crown

text: on

text: Josephine

text: 's

text: head

text: the

text: event

text: commemorated

text: in

text: the

text: officially

text: sanctioned

text: painting

text: by

text: Jacques

text: Louis

text: David

text: Napoleon

text: was

text: also

text: crowned

text: King

text: of

text: Italy

text: with

text: the

text: Iron

text: Crown

text: of

text: Lombardy

text: at

text: the

text: Cathedral

text: of

text: Milan

text: on

text: May

text: He

text: created

text: eighteen

text: Marshals

text: of

text: the

text: Empire

text: from

text: amongst

text: his

text: top

text: generals

text: to

text: secure

text: the

text: allegiance

text: of

text: the

text: army

question: On what date did Napoleon's coronation occur?

answer: December 2, 1804

text: December 2, 1804

question: How many crowns were used in Napoleon's coronation ceremony?

answer: Two

text: Two

question: Other than France, what country was Napoleon crowned king of?

answer: Italy

text: Italy

question: When was Napoleon crowned King of Italy?

answer: May 26, 1805

text: May 26, 1805

question: Where was Napoleon crowned King of Italy?

answer: at the Cathedral of Milan

text: at the Cathedral of Milan


text: Over 90 weeklies, fortnightlies and quarterlies are published in Sanskrit. Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskrit, has been published out of Mysore, India, since 1970, while Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam started in Gujarat during the last five years. Since 1974, there has been a short daily news broadcast on state-run All India Radio. These broadcasts are also made available on the internet on AIR's website. Sanskrit news is broadcast on TV and on the internet through the DD National channel at 6:55 AM IST.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Over

text: weeklies

text: fortnightlies

text: and

text: quarterlies

text: are

text: published

text: in

text: Sanskrit

text: Sudharma

text: a

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: in

text: Sanskrit

text: has

text: been

text: published

text: out

text: of

text: Mysore

text: India

text: since

text: while

text: Sanskrit

text: Vartman

text: Patram

text: and

text: Vishwasya

text: Vrittantam

text: started

text: in

text: Gujarat

text: during

text: the

text: last

text: five

text: years

text: Since

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: short

text: daily

text: news

text: broadcast

text: on

text: state

text: run

text: All

text: India

text: Radio

text: These

text: broadcasts

text: are

text: also

text: made

text: available

text: on

text: the

text: internet

text: on

text: AIR

text: 's

text: website

text: Sanskrit

text: news

text: is

text: broadcast

text: on

text: TV

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: internet

text: through

text: the

text: DD

text: National

text: channel

text: at

text: AM

text: IST

question: In what year was the daily newspaper Sudharma first published?

answer: 1970

question: Where are Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam published?

answer: Gujarat

text: Gujarat

question: In what year did daily news broadcasts in Sankrit begin on state-run All India Radio?

answer: 1974

question: Approximately how many weeklies, fortnightlies and quarterlies published in Sanskrit?

answer: Over 90

text: Over 90

question: What is the broadcast time for Sanskrit news on the DD National channel?

answer: 6:55 AM IST

text: 6:55 AM IST

question: What is the publication, Sudharma?

answer: daily newspaper

text: daily newspaper

question: Where is the newspaper Sudharma published?

answer: Mysore, India

text: Mysore, India

question: What language are many periodicals published in in India?

answer: Sanskrit

text: Sanskrit

question: Since what year has there been a daily broadcast on All India Radio?

answer: 1974

question: Where can the Sanskrit broadcasts be found online?

answer: AIR's website

text: AIR's website


text: The status of the town was changed by a later charter of Charles I by at once the formal separation from Portsmouth and the recognition of Southampton as a county, In the charter dated 27 June 1640 the formal title of the town became 'The Town and County of the Town of Southampton'. These charters and Royal Grants, of which there were many, also set out the governance and regulation of the town and port which remained the 'constitution' of the town until the local government organisation of the later Victorian period which from about 1888 saw the setting up of County Councils across England and Wales and including Hampshire County Council who now took on some of the function of Government in Southampton Town. In this regime, The Town and County of the Town of Southampton also became a county borough with shared responsibility for aspects of local government. On 24 February 1964 the status changed again by a Charter of Elizabeth II, creating the City and County of the City of Southampton.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: The

text: status

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: was

text: changed

text: by

text: a

text: later

text: charter

text: of

text: Charles

text: I

text: by

text: at

text: once

text: the

text: formal

text: separation

text: from

text: Portsmouth

text: and

text: the

text: recognition

text: of

text: Southampton

text: as

text: a

text: county

text: In

text: the

text: charter

text: dated

text: June

text: the

text: formal

text: title

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: became

text: The

text: Town

text: and

text: County

text: of

text: the

text: Town

text: of

text: Southampton

text: These

text: charters

text: and

text: Royal

text: Grants

text: of

text: which

text: there

text: were

text: many

text: also

text: set

text: out

text: the

text: governance

text: and

text: regulation

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: and

text: port

text: which

text: remained

text: the

text: constitution

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: until

text: the

text: local

text: government

text: organisation

text: of

text: the

text: later

text: Victorian

text: period

text: which

text: from

text: about

text: saw

text: the

text: setting

text: up

text: of

text: County

text: Councils

text: across

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: and

text: including

text: Hampshire

text: County

text: Council

text: who

text: now

text: took

text: on

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: function

text: of

text: Government

text: in

text: Southampton

text: Town

text: In

text: this

text: regime

text: The

text: Town

text: and

text: County

text: of

text: the

text: Town

text: of

text: Southampton

text: also

text: became

text: a

text: county

text: borough

text: with

text: shared

text: responsibility

text: for

text: aspects

text: of

text: local

text: government

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: status

text: changed

text: again

text: by

text: a

text: Charter

text: of

text: Elizabeth

text: II

text: creating

text: the

text: City

text: and

text: County

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Southampton

question: What king's charter recognized Southampton as its own county?

answer: Charles I

text: Charles I

question: What year did Southampton receive the charter naming it 'The Town and County of the Town of Southampton'?

answer: 1640

question: What era in history saw local government begin setting up County Councils in the area?

answer: Victorian period

text: Victorian period

question: After 1888, which Council took over some governance of Southampton Town?

answer: Hampshire County Council

text: Hampshire County Council

question: What was the year that Queen Elizabeth II's charter created the City and County of the City of Southampton?

answer: 1964


text: Under extreme compressive stresses and pressure, marine sedimentary rocks were uplifted, creating characteristic recumbent folds, or nappes, and thrust faults. As the rising peaks underwent erosion, a layer of marine flysch sediments was deposited in the foreland basin, and the sediments became involved in younger nappes (folds) as the orogeny progressed. Coarse sediments from the continual uplift and erosion were later deposited in foreland areas as molasse. The molasse regions in Switzerland and Bavaria were well-developed and saw further upthrusting of flysch.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: Under

text: extreme

text: compressive

text: stresses

text: and

text: pressure

text: marine

text: sedimentary

text: rocks

text: were

text: uplifted

text: creating

text: characteristic

text: recumbent

text: folds

text: or

text: nappes

text: and

text: thrust

text: faults

text: As

text: the

text: rising

text: peaks

text: underwent

text: erosion

text: a

text: layer

text: of

text: marine

text: flysch

text: sediments

text: was

text: deposited

text: in

text: the

text: foreland

text: basin

text: and

text: the

text: sediments

text: became

text: involved

text: in

text: younger

text: nappes

text: folds

text: as

text: the

text: orogeny

text: progressed

text: Coarse

text: sediments

text: from

text: the

text: continual

text: uplift

text: and

text: erosion

text: were

text: later

text: deposited

text: in

text: foreland

text: areas

text: as

text: molasse

text: The

text: molasse

text: regions

text: in

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: Bavaria

text: were

text: well

text: developed

text: and

text: saw

text: further

text: upthrusting

text: of

text: flysch

question: What was uplifted from extreme compressive stresses and pressure?

answer: marine sedimentary rocks

text: marine sedimentary rocks

question: When did the layer of marine flysch sediments get deposited in the foreland basin?

answer: As the rising peaks underwent erosion

text: As the rising peaks underwent erosion

question: What were later deposited in foreland areas as molasse?

answer: Coarse sediments

text: Coarse sediments

question: Switzerland and Bavaria saw a further upthrusting of what?

answer: flysch

text: flysch


text: Carnaval de Solsona takes place in Solsona, Lleida. It is one of the longest; free events in the streets, and nightly concerts run for more than a week. The Carnival is known for a legend that explains how a donkey was hung at the tower bell − because the animal wanted to eat grass that grew on the top of the tower. To celebrate this legend, locals hang a stuffed donkey at the tower that "pisses" above the excited crowd using a water pump. This event is the most important and takes place on Saturday night. For this reason, the inhabitants are called "matarrucs" ("donkey killers").

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: Carnaval

text: de

text: Solsona

text: takes

text: place

text: in

text: Solsona

text: Lleida

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: longest

text: free

text: events

text: in

text: the

text: streets

text: and

text: nightly

text: concerts

text: run

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: week

text: The

text: Carnival

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: a

text: legend

text: that

text: explains

text: how

text: a

text: donkey

text: was

text: hung

text: at

text: the

text: tower

text: bell

text: because

text: the

text: animal

text: wanted

text: to

text: eat

text: grass

text: that

text: grew

text: on

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: tower

text: To

text: celebrate

text: this

text: legend

text: locals

text: hang

text: a

text: stuffed

text: donkey

text: at

text: the

text: tower

text: that

text: pisses

text: above

text: the

text: excited

text: crowd

text: using

text: a

text: water

text: pump

text: This

text: event

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: and

text: takes

text: place

text: on

text: Saturday

text: night

text: For

text: this

text: reason

text: the

text: inhabitants

text: are

text: called

text: matarrucs

text: donkey

text: killers

question: What is one of the longest free events in the streets?

answer: Carnaval de Solsona

text: Carnaval de Solsona

question: How long can the nightly concerts run for?

answer: more than a week

text: more than a week

question: What was a donkey hung from according to local legend?

answer: the tower bell

text: the tower bell

question: How does the donkey piss on the crowd below?

answer: water pump

text: water pump

question: What does "matarrucs" mean?

answer: donkey killers

text: donkey killers


text: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, Montevideo had a population of 1,325,968 persons, compared to Uruguay's total population of 3,241,003. The female population was 707,697 (53.4%) while the male population accounted for 618,271 (46.6%). The population had declined since the previous census carried out in 1996, with an average annual growth rate of −1.5 per thousand. Continual decline has been documented since the census period of 1975–1985, which showed a rate of −5.6 per thousand. The decrease is due in large part to lowered fertility, partly offset by mortality, and to a smaller degree in migration. The birth rate declined by 19% from 1996 (17 per thousand) to 2004 (13.8 per thousand). Similarly, the total fertility rate (TFR) declined from 2.24 in 1996 to 1.79 in 2004. However, mortality continued to fall with life expectancy at birth for both sexes increasing by 1.73 years.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: census

text: survey

text: carried

text: out

text: between

text: June

text: and

text: July

text: Montevideo

text: had

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: persons

text: compared

text: to

text: Uruguay

text: 's

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: The

text: female

text: population

text: was

text: while

text: the

text: male

text: population

text: accounted

text: for

text: The

text: population

text: had

text: declined

text: since

text: the

text: previous

text: census

text: carried

text: out

text: in

text: with

text: an

text: average

text: annual

text: growth

text: rate

text: of

text: per

text: thousand

text: Continual

text: decline

text: has

text: been

text: documented

text: since

text: the

text: census

text: period

text: of

text: which

text: showed

text: a

text: rate

text: of

text: per

text: thousand

text: The

text: decrease

text: is

text: due

text: in

text: large

text: part

text: to

text: lowered

text: fertility

text: partly

text: offset

text: by

text: mortality

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: smaller

text: degree

text: in

text: migration

text: The

text: birth

text: rate

text: declined

text: by

text: from

text: per

text: thousand

text: to

text: per

text: thousand

text: Similarly

text: the

text: total

text: fertility

text: rate

text: TFR

text: declined

text: from

text: in

text: to

text: in

text: However

text: mortality

text: continued

text: to

text: fall

text: with

text: life

text: expectancy

text: at

text: birth

text: for

text: both

text: sexes

text: increasing

text: by

text: years

question: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Montevideo's population?

answer: 1,325,968 persons

text: 1,325,968 persons

question: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Uruguay's population?

answer: 3,241,003

question: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Montevideo's female population?

answer: 707,697

question: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Montevideo's male population?

answer: 618,271


text: The area near the border with Cameroon close to the coast is rich rainforest and part of the Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests ecoregion, an important centre for biodiversity. It is habitat for the drill monkey, which is found in the wild only in this area and across the border in Cameroon. The areas surrounding Calabar, Cross River State, also in this forest, are believed to contain the world's largest diversity of butterflies. The area of southern Nigeria between the Niger and the Cross Rivers has lost most of its forest because of development and harvesting by increased population, with it being replaced by grassland (see Cross-Niger transition forests).

title: Nigeria

title: Nigeria

text: The

text: area

text: near

text: the

text: border

text: with

text: Cameroon

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: coast

text: is

text: rich

text: rainforest

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Cross

text: Sanaga

text: Bioko

text: coastal

text: forests

text: ecoregion

text: an

text: important

text: centre

text: for

text: biodiversity

text: It

text: is

text: habitat

text: for

text: the

text: drill

text: monkey

text: which

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: wild

text: only

text: in

text: this

text: area

text: and

text: across

text: the

text: border

text: in

text: Cameroon

text: The

text: areas

text: surrounding

text: Calabar

text: Cross

text: River

text: State

text: also

text: in

text: this

text: forest

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: contain

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: diversity

text: of

text: butterflies

text: The

text: area

text: of

text: southern

text: Nigeria

text: between

text: the

text: Niger

text: and

text: the

text: Cross

text: Rivers

text: has

text: lost

text: most

text: of

text: its

text: forest

text: because

text: of

text: development

text: and

text: harvesting

text: by

text: increased

text: population

text: with

text: it

text: being

text: replaced

text: by

text: grassland

text: see

text: Cross

text: Niger

text: transition

text: forests

question: What does the Cross River State area of Nigeria have the world's largest variety of?

answer: butterflies

text: butterflies

question: Southern Nigeria is turning from a forest to what type of environment?

answer: grassland

text: grassland

question: What type of monkey is only found in parts of Nigeria and Cameroon?

answer: the drill monkey

text: the drill monkey

question: What ecoregion is in Nigeria near the Cameroon border?

answer: Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests

text: Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests

question: Why is southern Nigeria losing its forests?

answer: development and harvesting by increased population

text: development and harvesting by increased population


text: Through the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, various methods to improve the dynamic range of mass-produced records involved highly advanced disc cutting equipment. These techniques, marketed, to name two, as the CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering, were used to reduce inner-groove distortion. RCA Victor introduced another system to reduce dynamic range and achieve a groove with less surface noise under the commercial name of Dynagroove. Two main elements were combined: another disk material with less surface noise in the groove and dynamic compression for masking background noise. Sometimes this was called "diaphragming" the source material and not favoured by some music lovers for its unnatural side effects. Both elements were reflected in the brandname of Dynagroove, described elsewhere in more detail. It also used the earlier advanced method of forward-looking control on groove spacing with respect to volume of sound and position on the disk. Lower recorded volume used closer spacing; higher recorded volume used wider spacing, especially with lower frequencies. Also, the higher track density at lower volumes enabled disk recordings to end farther away from the disk center than usual, helping to reduce endtrack distortion even further.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: Through

text: the

text: and

text: various

text: methods

text: to

text: improve

text: the

text: dynamic

text: range

text: of

text: mass

text: produced

text: records

text: involved

text: highly

text: advanced

text: disc

text: cutting

text: equipment

text: These

text: techniques

text: marketed

text: to

text: name

text: two

text: as

text: the

text: CBS

text: DisComputer

text: and

text: Teldec

text: Direct

text: Metal

text: Mastering

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: reduce

text: inner

text: groove

text: distortion

text: RCA

text: Victor

text: introduced

text: another

text: system

text: to

text: reduce

text: dynamic

text: range

text: and

text: achieve

text: a

text: groove

text: with

text: less

text: surface

text: noise

text: under

text: the

text: commercial

text: name

text: of

text: Dynagroove

text: Two

text: main

text: elements

text: were

text: combined

text: another

text: disk

text: material

text: with

text: less

text: surface

text: noise

text: in

text: the

text: groove

text: and

text: dynamic

text: compression

text: for

text: masking

text: background

text: noise

text: Sometimes

text: this

text: was

text: called

text: diaphragming

text: the

text: source

text: material

text: and

text: not

text: favoured

text: by

text: some

text: music

text: lovers

text: for

text: its

text: unnatural

text: side

text: effects

text: Both

text: elements

text: were

text: reflected

text: in

text: the

text: brandname

text: of

text: Dynagroove

text: described

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: more

text: detail

text: It

text: also

text: used

text: the

text: earlier

text: advanced

text: method

text: of

text: forward

text: looking

text: control

text: on

text: groove

text: spacing

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: volume

text: of

text: sound

text: and

text: position

text: on

text: the

text: disk

text: Lower

text: recorded

text: volume

text: used

text: closer

text: spacing

text: higher

text: recorded

text: volume

text: used

text: wider

text: spacing

text: especially

text: with

text: lower

text: frequencies

text: Also

text: the

text: higher

text: track

text: density

text: at

text: lower

text: volumes

text: enabled

text: disk

text: recordings

text: to

text: end

text: farther

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: disk

text: center

text: than

text: usual

text: helping

text: to

text: reduce

text: endtrack

text: distortion

text: even

text: further

question: What technique were used to reduce inner-groove distortion?

answer: CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering

text: CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering

question: Who developed the Dynagroove format?

answer: RCA Victor

text: RCA Victor

question: Why did some music lovers frown upon diaphragming?

answer: unnatural side effects

text: unnatural side effects

question: What did closer groove spacing result in?

answer: Lower recorded volume

text: Lower recorded volume

question: What would be found with higher recorded volumes?

answer: wider spacing

text: wider spacing


text: Liberia has the highest ratio of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world, with US$16 billion in investment since 2006. Following the inauguration of the Sirleaf administration in 2006, Liberia signed several multibillion-dollar concession agreements in the iron ore and palm oil industries with numerous multinational corporations, including BHP Billiton, ArcelorMittal, and Sime Darby. Especially palm oil companies like Sime Darby (Malaysia) and Golden Veroleum (USA) are being accused by critics of the destruction of livelihoods and the displacement of local communities, enabled through government concessions. The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company has operated the world's largest rubber plantation in Liberia since 1926.

title: Liberia

title: Liberia

text: Liberia

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: ratio

text: of

text: foreign

text: direct

text: investment

text: to

text: GDP

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: US$

text: billion

text: in

text: investment

text: since

text: Following

text: the

text: inauguration

text: of

text: the

text: Sirleaf

text: administration

text: in

text: Liberia

text: signed

text: several

text: multibillion

text: dollar

text: concession

text: agreements

text: in

text: the

text: iron

text: ore

text: and

text: palm

text: oil

text: industries

text: with

text: numerous

text: multinational

text: corporations

text: including

text: BHP

text: Billiton

text: ArcelorMittal

text: and

text: Sime

text: Darby

text: Especially

text: palm

text: oil

text: companies

text: like

text: Sime

text: Darby

text: Malaysia

text: and

text: Golden

text: Veroleum

text: USA

text: are

text: being

text: accused

text: by

text: critics

text: of

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: livelihoods

text: and

text: the

text: displacement

text: of

text: local

text: communities

text: enabled

text: through

text: government

text: concessions

text: The

text: Firestone

text: Tire

text: and

text: Rubber

text: Company

text: has

text: operated

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: rubber

text: plantation

text: in

text: Liberia

text: since

question: Liberia has the highest ratio of what?

answer: of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world

text: of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world

question: How much money has the US invested in Liberia since 2006?

answer: 16 billion

text: 16 billion

question: What agreement did Liberia sign n 2006?

answer: several multibillion-dollar concession agreements

text: several multibillion-dollar concession agreements

question: How long has Firestone tire and rubber company ran a rubber plantation in Liberia?

answer: since 1926

text: since 1926


text: Several performing arts groups and facilities are on the University of Michigan's campus, as are museums dedicated to art, archaeology, and natural history and sciences. Founded in 1879, the University Musical Society is an independent performing arts organization that presents over 60 events each year, bringing international artists in music, dance, and theater. Since 2001 Shakespeare in the Arb has presented one play by Shakespeare each June, in a large park near downtown. Regional and local performing arts groups not associated with the university include the Ann Arbor Civic Theatre, the Arbor Opera Theater, the Ann Arbor Symphony Orchestra, the Ann Arbor Ballet Theater, the Ann Arbor Civic Ballet (established in 1954 as Michigan's first chartered ballet company), The Ark, and Performance Network Theatre. Another unique piece of artistic expression in Ann Arbor is the fairy doors. These small portals are examples of installation art and can be found throughout the downtown area.

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

text: Several

text: performing

text: arts

text: groups

text: and

text: facilities

text: are

text: on

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: 's

text: campus

text: as

text: are

text: museums

text: dedicated

text: to

text: art

text: archaeology

text: and

text: natural

text: history

text: and

text: sciences

text: Founded

text: in

text: the

text: University

text: Musical

text: Society

text: is

text: an

text: independent

text: performing

text: arts

text: organization

text: that

text: presents

text: over

text: events

text: each

text: year

text: bringing

text: international

text: artists

text: in

text: music

text: dance

text: and

text: theater

text: Since

text: Shakespeare

text: in

text: the

text: Arb

text: has

text: presented

text: one

text: play

text: by

text: Shakespeare

text: each

text: June

text: in

text: a

text: large

text: park

text: near

text: downtown

text: Regional

text: and

text: local

text: performing

text: arts

text: groups

text: not

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: university

text: include

text: the

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Civic

text: Theatre

text: the

text: Arbor

text: Opera

text: Theater

text: the

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Symphony

text: Orchestra

text: the

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Ballet

text: Theater

text: the

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Civic

text: Ballet

text: established

text: in

text: as

text: Michigan

text: 's

text: first

text: chartered

text: ballet

text: company

text: The

text: Ark

text: and

text: Performance

text: Network

text: Theatre

text: Another

text: unique

text: piece

text: of

text: artistic

text: expression

text: in

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: is

text: the

text: fairy

text: doors

text: These

text: small

text: portals

text: are

text: examples

text: of

text: installation

text: art

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: throughout

text: the

text: downtown

text: area

question: When was the University Musical Society founded?

answer: 1879

question: How many events does the University Musical Society present in a year?

answer: over 60

text: over 60

question: When was the Ann Arbor civic Ballet established?

answer: 1954

question: Name Michigan's first Civic chartered company.

answer: Ann Arbor Civic Ballet

text: Ann Arbor Civic Ballet


text: The Republic of the Congo (French: République du Congo), also known as Congo, Congo Republic, West Congo[citation needed], or Congo-Brazzaville, is a country located in Central Africa. It is bordered by five countries: Gabon to the west; Cameroon to the northwest; the Central African Republic to the northeast; the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the east and south; and the Angolan exclave of Cabinda to the southwest.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: French

text: République

text: du

text: Congo

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Congo

text: Congo

text: Republic

text: West

text: Congo[citation

text: needed

text: or

text: Congo

text: Brazzaville

text: is

text: a

text: country

text: located

text: in

text: Central

text: Africa

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: five

text: countries

text: Gabon

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Cameroon

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: the

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: south

text: and

text: the

text: Angolan

text: exclave

text: of

text: Cabinda

text: to

text: the

text: southwest

question: What is the French term for the Republic of the Congo?

answer: République du Congo

text: République du Congo

question: Which country lies on Congo's northeast border?

answer: Central African Republic

text: Central African Republic

question: Whic country lies on Congo's western border?

answer: Gabon

text: Gabon

question: Which country lies on Congo's northwest border?

answer: Cameroon

text: Cameroon

question: In what part of Africa is the Congo located?

answer: Central Africa

text: Central Africa


text: The KU men's basketball team has fielded a team every year since 1898. The Jayhawks are a perennial national contender currently coached by Bill Self. The team has won five national titles, including three NCAA tournament championships in 1952, 1988, and 2008. The basketball program is currently the second winningest program in college basketball history with an overall record of 2,070–806 through the 2011–12 season. The team plays at Allen Fieldhouse. Perhaps its best recognized player was Wilt Chamberlain, who played in the 1950s. Kansas has counted among its coaches Dr. James Naismith (the inventor of basketball and only coach in Kansas history to have a losing record), Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Phog Allen ("the Father of basketball coaching"), Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Roy Williams of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Basketball Hall of Fame inductee and former NBA Champion Detroit Pistons coach Larry Brown. In addition, legendary University of Kentucky coach and Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Adolph Rupp played for KU's 1922 and 1923 Helms National Championship teams, and NCAA Hall of Fame inductee and University of North Carolina Coach Dean Smith played for KU's 1952 NCAA Championship team. Both Rupp and Smith played under Phog Allen. Allen also coached Hall of Fame coaches Dutch Lonborg and Ralph Miller. Allen founded the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC), which started what is now the NCAA Tournament. The Tournament began in 1939 under the NABC and the next year was handed off to the newly formed NCAA.

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: The

text: KU

text: men

text: 's

text: basketball

text: team

text: has

text: fielded

text: a

text: team

text: every

text: year

text: since

text: The

text: Jayhawks

text: are

text: a

text: perennial

text: national

text: contender

text: currently

text: coached

text: by

text: Bill

text: Self

text: The

text: team

text: has

text: won

text: five

text: national

text: titles

text: including

text: three

text: NCAA

text: tournament

text: championships

text: in

text: and

text: The

text: basketball

text: program

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: second

text: winningest

text: program

text: in

text: college

text: basketball

text: history

text: with

text: an

text: overall

text: record

text: of

text: through

text: the

text: season

text: The

text: team

text: plays

text: at

text: Allen

text: Fieldhouse

text: Perhaps

text: its

text: best

text: recognized

text: player

text: was

text: Wilt

text: Chamberlain

text: who

text: played

text: in

text: the

text: Kansas

text: has

text: counted

text: among

text: its

text: coaches

text: Dr.

text: James

text: Naismith

text: the

text: inventor

text: of

text: basketball

text: and

text: only

text: coach

text: in

text: Kansas

text: history

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: losing

text: record

text: Basketball

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: inductee

text: Phog

text: Allen

text: the

text: Father

text: of

text: basketball

text: coaching

text: Basketball

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: inductee

text: Roy

text: Williams

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Chapel

text: Hill

text: and

text: Basketball

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: inductee

text: and

text: former

text: NBA

text: Champion

text: Detroit

text: Pistons

text: coach

text: Larry

text: Brown

text: In

text: addition

text: legendary

text: University

text: of

text: Kentucky

text: coach

text: and

text: Basketball

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: inductee

text: Adolph

text: Rupp

text: played

text: for

text: KU

text: 's

text: and

text: Helms

text: National

text: Championship

text: teams

text: and

text: NCAA

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: inductee

text: and

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Coach

text: Dean

text: Smith

text: played

text: for

text: KU

text: 's

text: NCAA

text: Championship

text: team

text: Both

text: Rupp

text: and

text: Smith

text: played

text: under

text: Phog

text: Allen

text: Allen

text: also

text: coached

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: coaches

text: Dutch

text: Lonborg

text: and

text: Ralph

text: Miller

text: Allen

text: founded

text: the

text: National

text: Association

text: of

text: Basketball

text: Coaches

text: NABC

text: which

text: started

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: NCAA

text: Tournament

text: The

text: Tournament

text: began

text: in

text: under

text: the

text: NABC

text: and

text: the

text: next

text: year

text: was

text: handed

text: off

text: to

text: the

text: newly

text: formed

text: NCAA

question: What was the first year in which a men's team played basketball at the University of Kansas?

answer: 1898

question: Who is the head of men's basketball at KU?

answer: Bill Self

text: Bill Self

question: How many times has the University of Kansas won a national championship in men's basketball?

answer: five

text: five

question: Who is considered the most famous basketball alumnus of KU?

answer: Wilt Chamberlain

text: Wilt Chamberlain

question: In what year did the NABC hold its first and only men's basketball tournament?

answer: 1939


text: The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews in Lunar Roving Vehicles on the last five. They also planned an Apollo Applications Program to develop a longer-duration Earth orbital workshop (later named Skylab) to be constructed in orbit from a spent S-IVB upper stage, using several launches of the smaller Saturn IB launch vehicle. But planners soon decided this could be done more efficiently by using the two live stages of a Saturn V to launch the workshop pre-fabricated from an S-IVB (which was also the Saturn V third stage), which immediately removed Apollo 20. Belt-tightening budget cuts soon led NASA to cut Apollo 18 and 19 as well, but keep three extended/Lunar Rover missions. Apollo 13 encountered an in-flight spacecraft failure and had to abort its lunar landing in April 1970, returning its crew safely but temporarily grounding the program again. It resumed with four successful landings on Apollo 14 (February 1971), Apollo 15 (July 1971), Apollo 16 (April 1972), and Apollo 17 (December 1972).

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: The

text: first

text: landing

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: another

text: precision

text: landing

text: on

text: Apollo

text: in

text: November

text: NASA

text: had

text: achieved

text: its

text: first

text: landing

text: goal

text: with

text: enough

text: Apollo

text: spacecraft

text: and

text: Saturn

text: V

text: launchers

text: left

text: for

text: eight

text: follow

text: on

text: lunar

text: landings

text: through

text: Apollo

text: conducting

text: extended

text: endurance

text: missions

text: and

text: transporting

text: the

text: landing

text: crews

text: in

text: Lunar

text: Roving

text: Vehicles

text: on

text: the

text: last

text: five

text: They

text: also

text: planned

text: an

text: Apollo

text: Applications

text: Program

text: to

text: develop

text: a

text: longer

text: duration

text: Earth

text: orbital

text: workshop

text: later

text: named

text: Skylab

text: to

text: be

text: constructed

text: in

text: orbit

text: from

text: a

text: spent

text: S

text: IVB

text: upper

text: stage

text: using

text: several

text: launches

text: of

text: the

text: smaller

text: Saturn

text: IB

text: launch

text: vehicle

text: But

text: planners

text: soon

text: decided

text: this

text: could

text: be

text: done

text: more

text: efficiently

text: by

text: using

text: the

text: two

text: live

text: stages

text: of

text: a

text: Saturn

text: V

text: to

text: launch

text: the

text: workshop

text: pre

text: fabricated

text: from

text: an

text: S

text: IVB

text: which

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: Saturn

text: V

text: third

text: stage

text: which

text: immediately

text: removed

text: Apollo

text: Belt

text: tightening

text: budget

text: cuts

text: soon

text: led

text: NASA

text: to

text: cut

text: Apollo

text: and

text: as

text: well

text: but

text: keep

text: three

text: extended

text: Lunar

text: Rover

text: missions

text: Apollo

text: encountered

text: an

text: in

text: flight

text: spacecraft

text: failure

text: and

text: had

text: to

text: abort

text: its

text: lunar

text: landing

text: in

text: April

text: returning

text: its

text: crew

text: safely

text: but

text: temporarily

text: grounding

text: the

text: program

text: again

text: It

text: resumed

text: with

text: four

text: successful

text: landings

text: on

text: Apollo

text: February

text: Apollo

text: July

text: Apollo

text: April

text: and

text: Apollo

text: December

question: When was the second landing on the Moon successful?

answer: November 1969

text: November 1969

question: When did the Apollo 14 mission land successfully?

answer: February 1971

text: February 1971

question: Apollo 15 landed on the Moon on what date?

answer: July 1971

text: July 1971

question: On what date was the Apollo 16 successful on landing on the Moon?

answer: April 1972

text: April 1972

question: Apollo 17 landed on the Moon on which date?

answer: December 1972

text: December 1972


text: The chapter house and Pyx Chamber at Westminster Abbey are in the guardianship of English Heritage, but under the care and management of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster. English Heritage have funded a major programme of work on the chapter house, comprising repairs to the roof, gutters, stonework on the elevations and flying buttresses as well as repairs to the lead light.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: The

text: chapter

text: house

text: and

text: Pyx

text: Chamber

text: at

text: Westminster

text: Abbey

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: guardianship

text: of

text: English

text: Heritage

text: but

text: under

text: the

text: care

text: and

text: management

text: of

text: the

text: Dean

text: and

text: Chapter

text: of

text: Westminster

text: English

text: Heritage

text: have

text: funded

text: a

text: major

text: programme

text: of

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: chapter

text: house

text: comprising

text: repairs

text: to

text: the

text: roof

text: gutters

text: stonework

text: on

text: the

text: elevations

text: and

text: flying

text: buttresses

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: repairs

text: to

text: the

text: lead

text: light

question: The Pyx Chamber and chapter house are under guardianship of whom?

answer: English Heritage

text: English Heritage

question: Who cares for and manages the Pyx Chamber and chapter house?

answer: the Dean and Chapter of Westminster

text: the Dean and Chapter of Westminster

question: English Heritage has funded what for the chapter house?

answer: repairs

text: repairs


text: The first known usage of the term in a legal context was in AD 380 by the Edict of Thessalonica of Theodosius I, which made Christianity the state church of the Roman Empire. Prior to the issuance of this edict, the Church had no state-sponsored support for any particular legal mechanism to counter what it perceived as "heresy". By this edict the state's authority and that of the Church became somewhat overlapping. One of the outcomes of this blurring of Church and state was the sharing of state powers of legal enforcement with church authorities. This reinforcement of the Church's authority gave church leaders the power to, in effect, pronounce the death sentence upon those whom the church considered heretical.

title: Heresy

title: Heresy

text: The

text: first

text: known

text: usage

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: in

text: a

text: legal

text: context

text: was

text: in

text: AD

text: by

text: the

text: Edict

text: of

text: Thessalonica

text: of

text: Theodosius

text: I

text: which

text: made

text: Christianity

text: the

text: state

text: church

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Prior

text: to

text: the

text: issuance

text: of

text: this

text: edict

text: the

text: Church

text: had

text: no

text: state

text: sponsored

text: support

text: for

text: any

text: particular

text: legal

text: mechanism

text: to

text: counter

text: what

text: it

text: perceived

text: as

text: heresy

text: By

text: this

text: edict

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: authority

text: and

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: became

text: somewhat

text: overlapping

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: outcomes

text: of

text: this

text: blurring

text: of

text: Church

text: and

text: state

text: was

text: the

text: sharing

text: of

text: state

text: powers

text: of

text: legal

text: enforcement

text: with

text: church

text: authorities

text: This

text: reinforcement

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: 's

text: authority

text: gave

text: church

text: leaders

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: in

text: effect

text: pronounce

text: the

text: death

text: sentence

text: upon

text: those

text: whom

text: the

text: church

text: considered

text: heretical

question: In what year was the first usage of the term heresy in a legal context?

answer: AD 380

text: AD 380

question: Who intitiated Christianity to be a state church of the Roman Empire?

answer: Thessalonica of Theodosius I

text: Thessalonica of Theodosius I

question: What was the church lacking before the edict that would allow them to legally counter heresy?

answer: state-sponsored support

text: state-sponsored support

question: What did church authorities gain as a result of this edict?

answer: state powers of legal enforcement

text: state powers of legal enforcement

question: What punishment is cited as church authorities being able to exact on individuals perceived as heretics?

answer: death sentence

text: death sentence


text: Samkhya school espouses dualism between consciousness and matter. It regards the universe as consisting of two realities; Puruṣa (consciousness) and prakriti (matter). Jiva (a living being) is that state in which puruṣa is bonded to prakriti in some form. This fusion, state the Samkhya scholars, led to the emergence of buddhi (awareness, intellect) and ahankara (individualized ego consciousness, “I-maker”). The universe is described by this school as one created by Purusa-Prakriti entities infused with various permutations and combinations of variously enumerated elements, senses, feelings, activity and mind.

title: Hindu_philosophy

title: Hindu_philosophy

text: Samkhya

text: school

text: espouses

text: dualism

text: between

text: consciousness

text: and

text: matter

text: It

text: regards

text: the

text: universe

text: as

text: consisting

text: of

text: two

text: realities

text: Puruṣa

text: consciousness

text: and

text: prakriti

text: matter

text: Jiva

text: a

text: living

text: being

text: is

text: that

text: state

text: in

text: which

text: puruṣa

text: is

text: bonded

text: to

text: prakriti

text: in

text: some

text: form

text: This

text: fusion

text: state

text: the

text: Samkhya

text: scholars

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: buddhi

text: awareness

text: intellect

text: and

text: ahankara

text: individualized

text: ego

text: consciousness

text: I

text: maker

text: The

text: universe

text: is

text: described

text: by

text: this

text: school

text: as

text: one

text: created

text: by

text: Purusa

text: Prakriti

text: entities

text: infused

text: with

text: various

text: permutations

text: and

text: combinations

text: of

text: variously

text: enumerated

text: elements

text: senses

text: feelings

text: activity

text: and

text: mind

question: Which Hindu school stresses dualism between consciousness and matter?

answer: Samkhya

text: Samkhya

question: How does Samkhya view the universe?

answer: two realities

text: two realities

question: What is the Samkhya name for consciousness?

answer: Puruṣa

text: Puruṣa

question: What is the Samkhya school word for matter?

answer: prakriti

text: prakriti

question: What does the joining of Purusa and Prakriti produce?

answer: buddhi

text: buddhi


text: Protestantism is a form of Christian faith and practice which originated with the Protestant Reformation,[a] a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church. It is one of the three major divisions of Christendom, together with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. Anglicanism is sometimes considered to be independent from Protestantism.[b] The term derives from the letter of protestation from Lutheran princes in 1529 against an edict condemning the teachings of Martin Luther as heretical.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: Protestantism

text: is

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: Christian

text: faith

text: and

text: practice

text: which

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: Protestant

text: Reformation,[a

text: a

text: movement

text: against

text: what

text: its

text: followers

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: errors

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: major

text: divisions

text: of

text: Christendom

text: together

text: with

text: Roman

text: Catholicism

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Orthodoxy

text: Anglicanism

text: is

text: sometimes

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: independent

text: from

text: Protestantism.[b

text: The

text: term

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: letter

text: of

text: protestation

text: from

text: Lutheran

text: princes

text: in

text: against

text: an

text: edict

text: condemning

text: the

text: teachings

text: of

text: Martin

text: Luther

text: as

text: heretical

question: What type of faith is Protestantism?

answer: Christian

text: Christian

question: Whose teachings were once considered to be heretical?

answer: Martin Luther

text: Martin Luther

question: Other than Protestantism, what are the other two divisions of Christianity?

answer: Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy

text: Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy

question: Who wrote a letter protesting the condemnation of Martin Luther?

answer: Lutheran princes

text: Lutheran princes

question: What was the name of the movement that started Protestantism?

answer: the Protestant Reformation

text: the Protestant Reformation


text: Asphalt/bitumen also occurs in unconsolidated sandstones known as "oil sands" in Alberta, Canada, and the similar "tar sands" in Utah, US. The Canadian province of Alberta has most of the world's reserves of natural bitumen, in three huge deposits covering 142,000 square kilometres (55,000 sq mi), an area larger than England or New York state. These bituminous sands contain 166 billion barrels (26.4×10^9 m3) of commercially established oil reserves, giving Canada the third largest oil reserves in the world. and produce over 2.3 million barrels per day (370×10^3 m3/d) of heavy crude oil and synthetic crude oil. Although historically it was used without refining to pave roads, nearly all of the bitumen is now used as raw material for oil refineries in Canada and the United States.

title: Asphalt

title: Asphalt

text: Asphalt

text: bitumen

text: also

text: occurs

text: in

text: unconsolidated

text: sandstones

text: known

text: as

text: oil

text: sands

text: in

text: Alberta

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: similar

text: tar

text: sands

text: in

text: Utah

text: US

text: The

text: Canadian

text: province

text: of

text: Alberta

text: has

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: reserves

text: of

text: natural

text: bitumen

text: in

text: three

text: huge

text: deposits

text: covering

text: square

text: kilometres

text: sq

text: mi

text: an

text: area

text: larger

text: than

text: England

text: or

text: New

text: York

text: state

text: These

text: bituminous

text: sands

text: contain

text: billion

text: barrels

text: of

text: commercially

text: established

text: oil

text: reserves

text: giving

text: Canada

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: oil

text: reserves

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: produce

text: over

text: million

text: barrels

text: per

text: day

text: of

text: heavy

text: crude

text: oil

text: and

text: synthetic

text: crude

text: oil

text: Although

text: historically

text: it

text: was

text: used

text: without

text: refining

text: to

text: pave

text: roads

text: nearly

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: bitumen

text: is

text: now

text: used

text: as

text: raw

text: material

text: for

text: oil

text: refineries

text: in

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: What is another term for asphalt?

answer: bitumen

text: bitumen

question: Besides occurrences in Canada, where in the US is asphalt found?

answer: Utah

text: Utah

question: How much of the planet's asphalt is located in Canada?

answer: most

text: most

question: What is the area amount of the Canadian asphalt deposits?

answer: 142,000 square kilometres

text: 142,000 square kilometres

question: Where does most of Canada's asphalt end up these days?

answer: oil refineries

text: oil refineries


text: The approaching era of jet travel, and a series of midair collisions (most notable was the 1956 Grand Canyon mid-air collision), prompted passage of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958. This legislation gave the CAA's functions to a new independent body, the Federal Aviation Agency. The act transferred air safety regulation from the CAB to the new FAA, and also gave the FAA sole responsibility for a common civil-military system of air navigation and air traffic control. The FAA's first administrator, Elwood R. Quesada, was a former Air Force general and adviser to President Eisenhower.

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

text: The

text: approaching

text: era

text: of

text: jet

text: travel

text: and

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: midair

text: collisions

text: most

text: notable

text: was

text: the

text: Grand

text: Canyon

text: mid

text: air

text: collision

text: prompted

text: passage

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: Aviation

text: Act

text: of

text: This

text: legislation

text: gave

text: the

text: CAA

text: 's

text: functions

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: independent

text: body

text: the

text: Federal

text: Aviation

text: Agency

text: The

text: act

text: transferred

text: air

text: safety

text: regulation

text: from

text: the

text: CAB

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: FAA

text: and

text: also

text: gave

text: the

text: FAA

text: sole

text: responsibility

text: for

text: a

text: common

text: civil

text: military

text: system

text: of

text: air

text: navigation

text: and

text: air

text: traffic

text: control

text: The

text: FAA

text: 's

text: first

text: administrator

text: Elwood

text: R.

text: Quesada

text: was

text: a

text: former

text: Air

text: Force

text: general

text: and

text: adviser

text: to

text: President

text: Eisenhower

question: When did the Grand-Canyon mid-air collision happen?

answer: 1956

question: when was the Federal Aviation Act passed?

answer: 1958

question: What agency would now act like the CAA?

answer: Federal Aviation Agency

text: Federal Aviation Agency

question: Who did the Federal Aviation Act transfer air safety regulation from?

answer: CAB

text: CAB

question: Who was the FAA's first administrator?

answer: Elwood R. Quesada

text: Elwood R. Quesada


text: Fighting on one side was a coalition of forces including the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam or the "RVN"), the United States, supplemented by South Korea, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, and the Philippines. The allies fought against the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) as well as the National Liberation Front (NLF, also known as Viet communists Viet Cong), or "VC", a guerrilla force within South Vietnam. The NVA received substantial military and economic aid from the Soviet Union and China, turning Vietnam into a proxy war.

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

text: Fighting

text: on

text: one

text: side

text: was

text: a

text: coalition

text: of

text: forces

text: including

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Vietnam

text: South

text: Vietnam

text: or

text: the

text: RVN

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: supplemented

text: by

text: South

text: Korea

text: Thailand

text: Australia

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: the

text: Philippines

text: The

text: allies

text: fought

text: against

text: the

text: North

text: Vietnamese

text: Army

text: NVA

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: National

text: Liberation

text: Front

text: NLF

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Viet

text: communists

text: Viet

text: Cong

text: or

text: VC

text: a

text: guerrilla

text: force

text: within

text: South

text: Vietnam

text: The

text: NVA

text: received

text: substantial

text: military

text: and

text: economic

text: aid

text: from

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: China

text: turning

text: Vietnam

text: into

text: a

text: proxy

text: war

question: What acronym was given to South Vietnamese troops?

answer: RVN

text: RVN

question: What acronym was given to North Vietnamese army regulars?

answer: NVA

text: NVA

question: By what name were fighters of the National Liberation Front known?

answer: Viet Cong

text: Viet Cong

question: The VC operated in what geographic area?

answer: South Vietnam

text: South Vietnam

question: The NVA was aided by military and financial aid from what two countries?

answer: Soviet Union and China

text: Soviet Union and China


text: Modern Nationalism, as developed especially since the French Revolution, has made the distinction between "language" and "dialect" an issue of great political importance. A group speaking a separate "language" is often seen as having a greater claim to being a separate "people", and thus to be more deserving of its own independent state, while a group speaking a "dialect" tends to be seen not as "a people" in its own right, but as a sub-group, part of a bigger people, which must content itself with regional autonomy.[citation needed] The distinction between language and dialect is thus inevitably made at least as much on a political basis as on a linguistic one, and can lead to great political controversy, or even armed conflict.

title: Dialect

title: Dialect

text: Modern

text: Nationalism

text: as

text: developed

text: especially

text: since

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: has

text: made

text: the

text: distinction

text: between

text: language

text: and

text: dialect

text: an

text: issue

text: of

text: great

text: political

text: importance

text: A

text: group

text: speaking

text: a

text: separate

text: language

text: is

text: often

text: seen

text: as

text: having

text: a

text: greater

text: claim

text: to

text: being

text: a

text: separate

text: people

text: and

text: thus

text: to

text: be

text: more

text: deserving

text: of

text: its

text: own

text: independent

text: state

text: while

text: a

text: group

text: speaking

text: a

text: dialect

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: seen

text: not

text: as

text: a

text: people

text: in

text: its

text: own

text: right

text: but

text: as

text: a

text: sub

text: group

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: bigger

text: people

text: which

text: must

text: content

text: itself

text: with

text: regional

text: autonomy.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: distinction

text: between

text: language

text: and

text: dialect

text: is

text: thus

text: inevitably

text: made

text: at

text: least

text: as

text: much

text: on

text: a

text: political

text: basis

text: as

text: on

text: a

text: linguistic

text: one

text: and

text: can

text: lead

text: to

text: great

text: political

text: controversy

text: or

text: even

text: armed

text: conflict

question: What event is regarded as a landmark in the development of modern nationalism?

answer: the French Revolution

text: the French Revolution

question: If possessing a language leads to a group being regarded as a separate people, what political arrangement presumably follows?

answer: its own independent state

text: its own independent state

question: What political arrangement is associated with being a dialect-speaking sub-group?

answer: regional autonomy

text: regional autonomy

question: Along with political controversy, what can the distinction between a language and dialect sometimes lead to?

answer: armed conflict

text: armed conflict


text: Service trials demonstrated another problem however: that ranging and tracking the new high-speed targets was almost impossible. At short range, the apparent target area is relatively large, the trajectory is flat and the time of flight is short, allowing to correct lead by watching the tracers. At long range, the aircraft remains in firing range for a long time, so the necessary calculations can in theory be done by slide rules - though, because small errors in distance cause large errors in shell fall height and detonation time, exact ranging is crucial. For the ranges and speeds that the Bofors worked at, neither answer was good enough.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Service

text: trials

text: demonstrated

text: another

text: problem

text: however

text: that

text: ranging

text: and

text: tracking

text: the

text: new

text: high

text: speed

text: targets

text: was

text: almost

text: impossible

text: At

text: short

text: range

text: the

text: apparent

text: target

text: area

text: is

text: relatively

text: large

text: the

text: trajectory

text: is

text: flat

text: and

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: flight

text: is

text: short

text: allowing

text: to

text: correct

text: lead

text: by

text: watching

text: the

text: tracers

text: At

text: long

text: range

text: the

text: aircraft

text: remains

text: in

text: firing

text: range

text: for

text: a

text: long

text: time

text: so

text: the

text: necessary

text: calculations

text: can

text: in

text: theory

text: be

text: done

text: by

text: slide

text: rules

text: though

text: because

text: small

text: errors

text: in

text: distance

text: cause

text: large

text: errors

text: in

text: shell

text: fall

text: height

text: and

text: detonation

text: time

text: exact

text: ranging

text: is

text: crucial

text: For

text: the

text: ranges

text: and

text: speeds

text: that

text: the

text: Bofors

text: worked

text: at

text: neither

text: answer

text: was

text: good

text: enough

question: What was shown to be practically not possible during service trials?

answer: ranging and tracking the new high-speed targets

text: ranging and tracking the new high-speed targets

question: How was target lead watched at short range?

answer: by watching the tracers

text: by watching the tracers

question: Target area is relatively large at what range?

answer: short range

text: short range

question: At long range what, in theory, could be used to set ranging calculations?

answer: slide rules

text: slide rules

question: What small errors caused large errors in shell fall height and the time until exploding?

answer: small errors in distance

text: small errors in distance


text: Christopher Orr, writing in The Atlantic, also criticised the film, saying that Spectre "backslides on virtually every [aspect]". Lawrence Toppman of The Charlotte Observer called Craig's performance "Bored, James Bored." Alyssa Rosenberg, writing for The Washington Post, stated that the film turned into "a disappointingly conventional Bond film."

title: Spectre_(2015_film)

title: Spectre_(2015_film

text: Christopher

text: Orr

text: writing

text: in

text: The

text: Atlantic

text: also

text: criticised

text: the

text: film

text: saying

text: that

text: Spectre

text: backslides

text: on

text: virtually

text: every

text: aspect

text: Lawrence

text: Toppman

text: of

text: The

text: Charlotte

text: Observer

text: called

text: Craig

text: 's

text: performance

text: Bored

text: James

text: Bored

text: Alyssa

text: Rosenberg

text: writing

text: for

text: The

text: Washington

text: Post

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: film

text: turned

text: into

text: a

text: disappointingly

text: conventional

text: Bond

text: film

question: Which Atlantic writer gave a negative review of Spectre?

answer: Christopher Orr

text: Christopher Orr

question: What adjective did Lawrence Toppman use to describe Craig's portrayal of James Bond?

answer: Bored

text: Bored

question: What publication does Alyssa Rosenberg write for?

answer: The Washington Post

text: The Washington Post

question: What was the catch phrase Lawrence Toppman of the Charlotte Observer used for the film?

answer: Bored, James Bored

text: Bored, James Bored


text: In January 2008 the Wapping presses printed The Sun for the last time and London printing was transferred to Waltham Cross in the Borough of Broxbourne in Hertfordshire, where News International had built what is claimed to be the largest printing centre in Europe with 12 presses. The site also produces The Times and Sunday Times, Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph, Wall Street Journal Europe (also now a Murdoch newspaper), London's Evening Standard and local papers. Northern printing had earlier been switched to a new plant at Knowsley on Merseyside and the Scottish Sun to another new plant at Motherwell near Glasgow. The three print centres represent a £600 million investment by NI and allowed all the titles to be produced with every page in full colour from 2008. The Waltham Cross plant is capable of producing one million copies an hour of a 120-page tabloid newspaper.

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom

text: In

text: January

text: the

text: Wapping

text: presses

text: printed

text: The

text: Sun

text: for

text: the

text: last

text: time

text: and

text: London

text: printing

text: was

text: transferred

text: to

text: Waltham

text: Cross

text: in

text: the

text: Borough

text: of

text: Broxbourne

text: in

text: Hertfordshire

text: where

text: News

text: International

text: had

text: built

text: what

text: is

text: claimed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: largest

text: printing

text: centre

text: in

text: Europe

text: with

text: presses

text: The

text: site

text: also

text: produces

text: The

text: Times

text: and

text: Sunday

text: Times

text: Daily

text: Telegraph

text: and

text: Sunday

text: Telegraph

text: Wall

text: Street

text: Journal

text: Europe

text: also

text: now

text: a

text: Murdoch

text: newspaper

text: London

text: 's

text: Evening

text: Standard

text: and

text: local

text: papers

text: Northern

text: printing

text: had

text: earlier

text: been

text: switched

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: plant

text: at

text: Knowsley

text: on

text: Merseyside

text: and

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Sun

text: to

text: another

text: new

text: plant

text: at

text: Motherwell

text: near

text: Glasgow

text: The

text: three

text: print

text: centres

text: represent

text: a

text: million

text: investment

text: by

text: NI

text: and

text: allowed

text: all

text: the

text: titles

text: to

text: be

text: produced

text: with

text: every

text: page

text: in

text: full

text: colour

text: from

text: The

text: Waltham

text: Cross

text: plant

text: is

text: capable

text: of

text: producing

text: one

text: million

text: copies

text: an

text: hour

text: of

text: a

text: tabloid

text: newspaper

question: When was The Sun printed on the Wapping presses for the last time?

answer: January 2008

text: January 2008

question: Where was London printing of The Sun moved to?

answer: Waltham Cross in the Borough of Broxbourne in Hertfordshire

text: Waltham Cross in the Borough of Broxbourne in Hertfordshire

question: How many presses were there at the new printing facility?

answer: 12

question: Where had northern printing been moved to?

answer: Knowsley on Merseyside

text: Knowsley on Merseyside

question: How much had been invested in the new printing locations?

answer: £600 million

text: £600 million


text: The capacitance of certain capacitors decreases as the component ages. In ceramic capacitors, this is caused by degradation of the dielectric. The type of dielectric, ambient operating and storage temperatures are the most significant aging factors, while the operating voltage has a smaller effect. The aging process may be reversed by heating the component above the Curie point. Aging is fastest near the beginning of life of the component, and the device stabilizes over time. Electrolytic capacitors age as the electrolyte evaporates. In contrast with ceramic capacitors, this occurs towards the end of life of the component.

title: Capacitor

title: Capacitor

text: The

text: capacitance

text: of

text: certain

text: capacitors

text: decreases

text: as

text: the

text: component

text: ages

text: In

text: ceramic

text: capacitors

text: this

text: is

text: caused

text: by

text: degradation

text: of

text: the

text: dielectric

text: The

text: type

text: of

text: dielectric

text: ambient

text: operating

text: and

text: storage

text: temperatures

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: significant

text: aging

text: factors

text: while

text: the

text: operating

text: voltage

text: has

text: a

text: smaller

text: effect

text: The

text: aging

text: process

text: may

text: be

text: reversed

text: by

text: heating

text: the

text: component

text: above

text: the

text: Curie

text: point

text: Aging

text: is

text: fastest

text: near

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: life

text: of

text: the

text: component

text: and

text: the

text: device

text: stabilizes

text: over

text: time

text: Electrolytic

text: capacitors

text: age

text: as

text: the

text: electrolyte

text: evaporates

text: In

text: contrast

text: with

text: ceramic

text: capacitors

text: this

text: occurs

text: towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: life

text: of

text: the

text: component

question: What value of some capacitors decreases with age?

answer: The capacitance

text: The capacitance

question: What causes the decrease of capacitance in ceramic capacitors as they age?

answer: degradation of the dielectric

text: degradation of the dielectric

question: What is one of the most important aging factors in capacitors?

answer: The type of dielectric

text: The type of dielectric

question: What is another important factor which governs how a capacitor ages?

answer: ambient operating and storage temperatures

text: ambient operating and storage temperatures

question: At what point can the aging effect of a capacitor be reversed if the component is heated beyond?

answer: the Curie point

text: the Curie point


text: Von Neumann's famous 9-page paper started life as a talk at Princeton and then became a paper in Germany, which was eventually translated into English. His interest in economics that led to that paper began as follows: When lecturing at Berlin in 1928 and 1929 he spent his summers back home in Budapest, and so did the economist Nicholas Kaldor, and they hit it off. Kaldor recommended that von Neumann read a book by the mathematical economist Léon Walras. Von Neumann found some faults in that book and corrected them, for example, replacing equations by inequalities. He noticed that Walras's General Equilibrium Theory and Walras' Law, which led to systems of simultaneous linear equations, could produce the absurd result that the profit could be maximized by producing and selling a negative quantity of a product. He replaced the equations by inequalities, introduced dynamic equilibria, among other things, and eventually produced the paper.

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: 's

text: famous

text: paper

text: started

text: life

text: as

text: a

text: talk

text: at

text: Princeton

text: and

text: then

text: became

text: a

text: paper

text: in

text: Germany

text: which

text: was

text: eventually

text: translated

text: into

text: English

text: His

text: interest

text: in

text: economics

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: that

text: paper

text: began

text: as

text: follows

text: When

text: lecturing

text: at

text: Berlin

text: in

text: and

text: he

text: spent

text: his

text: summers

text: back

text: home

text: in

text: Budapest

text: and

text: so

text: did

text: the

text: economist

text: Nicholas

text: Kaldor

text: and

text: they

text: hit

text: it

text: off

text: Kaldor

text: recommended

text: that

text: von

text: Neumann

text: read

text: a

text: book

text: by

text: the

text: mathematical

text: economist

text: Léon

text: Walras

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: found

text: some

text: faults

text: in

text: that

text: book

text: and

text: corrected

text: them

text: for

text: example

text: replacing

text: equations

text: by

text: inequalities

text: He

text: noticed

text: that

text: Walras

text: 's

text: General

text: Equilibrium

text: Theory

text: and

text: Walras

text: Law

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: systems

text: of

text: simultaneous

text: linear

text: equations

text: could

text: produce

text: the

text: absurd

text: result

text: that

text: the

text: profit

text: could

text: be

text: maximized

text: by

text: producing

text: and

text: selling

text: a

text: negative

text: quantity

text: of

text: a

text: product

text: He

text: replaced

text: the

text: equations

text: by

text: inequalities

text: introduced

text: dynamic

text: equilibria

text: among

text: other

text: things

text: and

text: eventually

text: produced

text: the

text: paper

question: When did von Neumann's interest in economics begin?

answer: When lecturing at Berlin in 1928 and 1929

text: When lecturing at Berlin in 1928 and 1929

question: What economist did von Neumann get to know that spurred the interest in economics?

answer: Nicholas Kaldor

text: Nicholas Kaldor

question: In who's book did von Neuman find errors in the author's equations?

answer: Léon Walras

text: Léon Walras


text: Passive air defence is defined by NATO as "Passive measures taken for the physical defence and protection of personnel, essential installations and equipment in order to minimize the effectiveness of air and/or missile attack". It remains a vital activity by ground forces and includes camouflage and concealment to avoid detection by reconnaissance and attacking aircraft. Measures such as camouflaging important buildings were common in the Second World War. During the Cold War the runways and taxiways of some airfields were painted green.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Passive

text: air

text: defence

text: is

text: defined

text: by

text: NATO

text: as

text: Passive

text: measures

text: taken

text: for

text: the

text: physical

text: defence

text: and

text: protection

text: of

text: personnel

text: essential

text: installations

text: and

text: equipment

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: minimize

text: the

text: effectiveness

text: of

text: air

text: and/or

text: missile

text: attack

text: It

text: remains

text: a

text: vital

text: activity

text: by

text: ground

text: forces

text: and

text: includes

text: camouflage

text: and

text: concealment

text: to

text: avoid

text: detection

text: by

text: reconnaissance

text: and

text: attacking

text: aircraft

text: Measures

text: such

text: as

text: camouflaging

text: important

text: buildings

text: were

text: common

text: in

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: During

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: the

text: runways

text: and

text: taxiways

text: of

text: some

text: airfields

text: were

text: painted

text: green

question: What does NATO define as passive measures to protect people, buildings and equipment from air or missile attacks?

answer: Passive air defence

text: Passive air defence

question: Which group is heavily responsible for passive air defence?

answer: ground forces

text: ground forces

question: Passive air defence includes camouflage and what?

answer: concealment

text: concealment

question: What was camouflaged during World War II?

answer: important buildings

text: important buildings

question: Some airfield runways were painted green during what war?

answer: the Cold War

text: the Cold War


text: Buddhism first entered China during the Eastern Han and was first mentioned in 65 AD. Liu Ying (d. 71 AD), a half-brother to Emperor Ming of Han (r. 57–75 AD), was one of its earliest Chinese adherents, although Chinese Buddhism at this point was heavily associated with Huang-Lao Daoism. China's first known Buddhist temple, the White Horse Temple, was erected during Ming's reign. Important Buddhist canons were translated into Chinese during the 2nd century AD, including the Sutra of Forty-two Chapters, Perfection of Wisdom, Shurangama Sutra, and Pratyutpanna Sutra.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: Buddhism

text: first

text: entered

text: China

text: during

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Han

text: and

text: was

text: first

text: mentioned

text: in

text: AD

text: Liu

text: Ying

text: d.

text: AD

text: a

text: half

text: brother

text: to

text: Emperor

text: Ming

text: of

text: Han

text: r.

text: AD

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: earliest

text: Chinese

text: adherents

text: although

text: Chinese

text: Buddhism

text: at

text: this

text: point

text: was

text: heavily

text: associated

text: with

text: Huang

text: Lao

text: Daoism

text: China

text: 's

text: first

text: known

text: Buddhist

text: temple

text: the

text: White

text: Horse

text: Temple

text: was

text: erected

text: during

text: Ming

text: 's

text: reign

text: Important

text: Buddhist

text: canons

text: were

text: translated

text: into

text: Chinese

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: including

text: the

text: Sutra

text: of

text: Forty

text: two

text: Chapters

text: Perfection

text: of

text: Wisdom

text: Shurangama

text: Sutra

text: and

text: Pratyutpanna

text: Sutra

question: During was era did Buddhism first appear in the region?

answer: Eastern Han

text: Eastern Han

question: When did Emperor Ming of Han's reign end?

answer: 75 AD

text: 75 AD

question: What philosophical practice did Liu Ying believe in?

answer: Buddhism

text: Buddhism

question: What is believed to be the first Buddhist temple in this area?

answer: the White Horse Temple

text: the White Horse Temple

question: During which century were important Buddhist notions translated to Chinese?

answer: 2nd century AD

text: 2nd century AD


text: Bertrand Russell saw the Enlightenment as a phase in a progressive development, which began in antiquity, and that reason and challenges to the established order were constant ideals throughout that time. Russell said that the Enlightenment was ultimately born out of the Protestant reaction against the Catholic counter-reformation, and that philosophical views such as affinity for democracy against monarchy originated among 16th-century Protestants to justify their desire to break away from the Catholic Church. Though many of these philosophical ideals were picked up by Catholics, Russell argues, by the 18th century the Enlightenment was the principal manifestation of the schism that began with Martin Luther.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: Bertrand

text: Russell

text: saw

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: as

text: a

text: phase

text: in

text: a

text: progressive

text: development

text: which

text: began

text: in

text: antiquity

text: and

text: that

text: reason

text: and

text: challenges

text: to

text: the

text: established

text: order

text: were

text: constant

text: ideals

text: throughout

text: that

text: time

text: Russell

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: was

text: ultimately

text: born

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: Protestant

text: reaction

text: against

text: the

text: Catholic

text: counter

text: reformation

text: and

text: that

text: philosophical

text: views

text: such

text: as

text: affinity

text: for

text: democracy

text: against

text: monarchy

text: originated

text: among

text: century

text: Protestants

text: to

text: justify

text: their

text: desire

text: to

text: break

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: Though

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: philosophical

text: ideals

text: were

text: picked

text: up

text: by

text: Catholics

text: Russell

text: argues

text: by

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: was

text: the

text: principal

text: manifestation

text: of

text: the

text: schism

text: that

text: began

text: with

text: Martin

text: Luther

question: Which philosopher believed that the Enlightenment was ultimately born out of Protestant reaction against the Catholic counter-reformation?

answer: Bertrand Russell

text: Bertrand Russell

question: Where did Betrand Russell believe views such as affinity for democracy against monarachy originated from?

answer: 16th-century Protestants

text: 16th-century Protestants

question: Who does Betrand Russell started the schism that lead to the Enlightenment?

answer: Martin Luther

text: Martin Luther