text: Fifty-year-old Baena, of Guatemalan origin, was employed by the family for 20 years and retired in January 2011. The pregnant Baena was working in the home while Shriver was pregnant with the youngest of the couple’s four children. Baena's son with Schwarzenegger, Joseph, was born on October 2, 1997; Shriver gave birth to Christopher on September 27, 1997. Schwarzenegger says it took seven or eight years before he found out that he had fathered a child with his housekeeper. It wasn't until the boy "started looking like me, that's when I kind of got it. I put things together," the action star and former California governor, told 60 Minutes. Schwarzenegger has taken financial responsibility for the child "from the start and continued to provide support." KNX 1070 radio reported that in 2010 he bought a new four-bedroom house, with a pool, for Baena and their son in Bakersfield, about 112 miles (180 km) north of Los Angeles. Baena separated from her husband, Rogelio, in 1997, a few months after Joseph's birth, and filed for divorce in 2008. Baena's ex-husband says that the child's birth certificate was falsified and that he plans to sue Schwarzenegger for engaging in conspiracy to falsify a public document, a serious crime in California.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Fifty

text: year

text: old

text: Baena

text: of

text: Guatemalan

text: origin

text: was

text: employed

text: by

text: the

text: family

text: for

text: years

text: and

text: retired

text: in

text: January

text: The

text: pregnant

text: Baena

text: was

text: working

text: in

text: the

text: home

text: while

text: Shriver

text: was

text: pregnant

text: with

text: the

text: youngest

text: of

text: the

text: couple

text: ’s

text: four

text: children

text: Baena

text: 's

text: son

text: with

text: Schwarzenegger

text: Joseph

text: was

text: born

text: on

text: October

text: Shriver

text: gave

text: birth

text: to

text: Christopher

text: on

text: September

text: Schwarzenegger

text: says

text: it

text: took

text: seven

text: or

text: eight

text: years

text: before

text: he

text: found

text: out

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: fathered

text: a

text: child

text: with

text: his

text: housekeeper

text: It

text: was

text: n't

text: until

text: the

text: boy

text: started

text: looking

text: like

text: me

text: that

text: 's

text: when

text: I

text: kind

text: of

text: got

text: it

text: I

text: put

text: things

text: together

text: the

text: action

text: star

text: and

text: former

text: California

text: governor

text: told

text: Minutes

text: Schwarzenegger

text: has

text: taken

text: financial

text: responsibility

text: for

text: the

text: child

text: from

text: the

text: start

text: and

text: continued

text: to

text: provide

text: support

text: KNX

text: radio

text: reported

text: that

text: in

text: he

text: bought

text: a

text: new

text: four

text: bedroom

text: house

text: with

text: a

text: pool

text: for

text: Baena

text: and

text: their

text: son

text: in

text: Bakersfield

text: about

text: miles

text: km

text: north

text: of

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Baena

text: separated

text: from

text: her

text: husband

text: Rogelio

text: in

text: a

text: few

text: months

text: after

text: Joseph

text: 's

text: birth

text: and

text: filed

text: for

text: divorce

text: in

text: Baena

text: 's

text: ex

text: husband

text: says

text: that

text: the

text: child

text: 's

text: birth

text: certificate

text: was

text: falsified

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: plans

text: to

text: sue

text: Schwarzenegger

text: for

text: engaging

text: in

text: conspiracy

text: to

text: falsify

text: a

text: public

text: document

text: a

text: serious

text: crime

text: in

text: California

question: Baena worked for the Schwarzenegger/Shriver family for how many years?

answer: 20

question: What's the first name of Schwarzenegger's son with Baena?

answer: Joseph

text: Joseph

question: Schwarzenegger bought Baena and their son a four-bedroom house in what year?

answer: 2010


text: In an effort at revitalizing the city, New Jersey voters in 1976 passed a referendum, approving casino gambling for Atlantic City; this came after a 1974 referendum on legalized gambling failed to pass. Immediately after the legislation passed, the owners of the Chalfonte-Haddon Hall Hotel began converting it into the Resorts International. It was the first legal casino in the eastern United States when it opened on May 26, 1978. Other casinos were soon constructed along the Boardwalk and, later, in the marina district for a total of eleven today. The introduction of gambling did not, however, quickly eliminate many of the urban problems that plagued Atlantic City. Many people have suggested that it only served to exacerbate those problems, as attested to by the stark contrast between tourism intensive areas and the adjacent impoverished working-class neighborhoods. In addition, Atlantic City has been less popular than Las Vegas, as a gambling city in the United States. Donald Trump helped bring big name boxing bouts to the city to attract customers to his casinos. The boxer Mike Tyson had most of his fights in Atlantic City in the 1980s, which helped Atlantic City achieve nationwide attention as a gambling resort. Numerous highrise condominiums were built for use as permanent residences or second homes. By end of the decade it was one of the most popular tourist destinations in the United States.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: In

text: an

text: effort

text: at

text: revitalizing

text: the

text: city

text: New

text: Jersey

text: voters

text: in

text: passed

text: a

text: referendum

text: approving

text: casino

text: gambling

text: for

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: this

text: came

text: after

text: a

text: referendum

text: on

text: legalized

text: gambling

text: failed

text: to

text: pass

text: Immediately

text: after

text: the

text: legislation

text: passed

text: the

text: owners

text: of

text: the

text: Chalfonte

text: Haddon

text: Hall

text: Hotel

text: began

text: converting

text: it

text: into

text: the

text: Resorts

text: International

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: legal

text: casino

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: United

text: States

text: when

text: it

text: opened

text: on

text: May

text: Other

text: casinos

text: were

text: soon

text: constructed

text: along

text: the

text: Boardwalk

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: marina

text: district

text: for

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: eleven

text: today

text: The

text: introduction

text: of

text: gambling

text: did

text: not

text: however

text: quickly

text: eliminate

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: urban

text: problems

text: that

text: plagued

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: Many

text: people

text: have

text: suggested

text: that

text: it

text: only

text: served

text: to

text: exacerbate

text: those

text: problems

text: as

text: attested

text: to

text: by

text: the

text: stark

text: contrast

text: between

text: tourism

text: intensive

text: areas

text: and

text: the

text: adjacent

text: impoverished

text: working

text: class

text: neighborhoods

text: In

text: addition

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: has

text: been

text: less

text: popular

text: than

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: as

text: a

text: gambling

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Donald

text: Trump

text: helped

text: bring

text: big

text: name

text: boxing

text: bouts

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: to

text: attract

text: customers

text: to

text: his

text: casinos

text: The

text: boxer

text: Mike

text: Tyson

text: had

text: most

text: of

text: his

text: fights

text: in

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: in

text: the

text: which

text: helped

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: achieve

text: nationwide

text: attention

text: as

text: a

text: gambling

text: resort

text: Numerous

text: highrise

text: condominiums

text: were

text: built

text: for

text: use

text: as

text: permanent

text: residences

text: or

text: second

text: homes

text: By

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: decade

text: it

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: tourist

text: destinations

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: In what year did New Jersey voters pass a referendum approving casino gambling for Atlantic City?

answer: 1976

question: The owners of the Chalfonte-Haddon Hall Hotel converted it into what?

answer: Resorts International

text: Resorts International

question: What was the name of the first legal casino in the eastern United States?

answer: Resorts International

text: Resorts International

question: What year did Resorts International open?

answer: 1978

question: How many casinos are there in Atlantic City today?

answer: eleven

text: eleven


text: There are certain characteristics of adolescent development that are more rooted in culture than in human biology or cognitive structures. Culture has been defined as the "symbolic and behavioral inheritance received from the past that provides a community framework for what is valued". Culture is learned and socially shared, and it affects all aspects of an individual's life. Social responsibilities, sexual expression, and belief system development, for instance, are all things that are likely to vary by culture. Furthermore, distinguishing characteristics of youth, including dress, music and other uses of media, employment, art, food and beverage choices, recreation, and language, all constitute a youth culture. For these reasons, culture is a prevalent and powerful presence in the lives of adolescents, and therefore we cannot fully understand today's adolescents without studying and understanding their culture. However, "culture" should not be seen as synonymous with nation or ethnicity. Many cultures are present within any given country and racial or socioeconomic group. Furthermore, to avoid ethnocentrism, researchers must be careful not to define the culture's role in adolescence in terms of their own cultural beliefs.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: There

text: are

text: certain

text: characteristics

text: of

text: adolescent

text: development

text: that

text: are

text: more

text: rooted

text: in

text: culture

text: than

text: in

text: human

text: biology

text: or

text: cognitive

text: structures

text: Culture

text: has

text: been

text: defined

text: as

text: the

text: symbolic

text: and

text: behavioral

text: inheritance

text: received

text: from

text: the

text: past

text: that

text: provides

text: a

text: community

text: framework

text: for

text: what

text: is

text: valued

text: Culture

text: is

text: learned

text: and

text: socially

text: shared

text: and

text: it

text: affects

text: all

text: aspects

text: of

text: an

text: individual

text: 's

text: life

text: Social

text: responsibilities

text: sexual

text: expression

text: and

text: belief

text: system

text: development

text: for

text: instance

text: are

text: all

text: things

text: that

text: are

text: likely

text: to

text: vary

text: by

text: culture

text: Furthermore

text: distinguishing

text: characteristics

text: of

text: youth

text: including

text: dress

text: music

text: and

text: other

text: uses

text: of

text: media

text: employment

text: art

text: food

text: and

text: beverage

text: choices

text: recreation

text: and

text: language

text: all

text: constitute

text: a

text: youth

text: culture

text: For

text: these

text: reasons

text: culture

text: is

text: a

text: prevalent

text: and

text: powerful

text: presence

text: in

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: adolescents

text: and

text: therefore

text: we

text: can

text: not

text: fully

text: understand

text: today

text: 's

text: adolescents

text: without

text: studying

text: and

text: understanding

text: their

text: culture

text: However

text: culture

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: seen

text: as

text: synonymous

text: with

text: nation

text: or

text: ethnicity

text: Many

text: cultures

text: are

text: present

text: within

text: any

text: given

text: country

text: and

text: racial

text: or

text: socioeconomic

text: group

text: Furthermore

text: to

text: avoid

text: ethnocentrism

text: researchers

text: must

text: be

text: careful

text: not

text: to

text: define

text: the

text: culture

text: 's

text: role

text: in

text: adolescence

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: cultural

text: beliefs

question: How is culture defined?

answer: symbolic and behavioral inheritance received from the past that provides a community framework for what is valued

text: symbolic and behavioral inheritance received from the past that provides a community framework for what is valued

question: Does culture affect all, some, or none of the aspects of an individual's life?

answer: all

text: all

question: What is a challenge researchers face when studying culture and adolescents?

answer: not to define the culture's role in adolescence in terms of their own cultural beliefs

text: not to define the culture's role in adolescence in terms of their own cultural beliefs

question: Should culture be directly connected to a nation or ethnicity?

answer: not

text: not


text: Rex Stout's fictional detective Nero Wolfe is described as fond of solving the London Times' crossword puzzle at his New York home, in preference to those of American papers.

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: Rex

text: Stout

text: 's

text: fictional

text: detective

text: Nero

text: Wolfe

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: fond

text: of

text: solving

text: the

text: London

text: Times

text: crossword

text: puzzle

text: at

text: his

text: New

text: York

text: home

text: in

text: preference

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: American

text: papers

question: The author, Rex Stout, created a fictional detection that is fond of solving London Times' crossword puzzles that goes by what name?

answer: Nero Wolfe

text: Nero Wolfe

question: In what part of the world did the fictional detective, Nero Wolfe, live in?

answer: New York

text: New York

question: The fictional detective, Nero Wolfe, preferred what newspaper to American newspapers?

answer: London Times

text: London Times

question: The fictional detective, Nero Wolfe, is described as fond of solving what kind of puzzle in the London Times newspaper?

answer: crossword

text: crossword


text: As of December 2015[update], Barcelona has won 23 La Liga, 27 Copa del Rey, 11 Supercopa de España, three Copa Eva Duarte[note 2] and two Copa de la Liga trophies, as well as being the record holder for the latter four competitions. They have also won five UEFA Champions League, a record four UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, a shared record five UEFA Super Cup and a record three FIFA Club World Cup trophies. They also won a record three Inter-Cities Fairs Cup trophies, considered the predecessor to the UEFA Cup-Europa League.

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: As

text: of

text: December

text: Barcelona

text: has

text: won

text: La

text: Liga

text: Copa

text: del

text: Rey

text: Supercopa

text: de

text: España

text: three

text: Copa

text: Eva

text: Duarte[note

text: and

text: two

text: Copa

text: de

text: la

text: Liga

text: trophies

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: being

text: the

text: record

text: holder

text: for

text: the

text: latter

text: four

text: competitions

text: They

text: have

text: also

text: won

text: five

text: UEFA

text: Champions

text: League

text: a

text: record

text: four

text: UEFA

text: Cup

text: Winners

text: Cup

text: a

text: shared

text: record

text: five

text: UEFA

text: Super

text: Cup

text: and

text: a

text: record

text: three

text: FIFA

text: Club

text: World

text: Cup

text: trophies

text: They

text: also

text: won

text: a

text: record

text: three

text: Inter

text: Cities

text: Fairs

text: Cup

text: trophies

text: considered

text: the

text: predecessor

text: to

text: the

text: UEFA

text: Cup

text: Europa

text: League

question: How many UEFA Champions League wins does Barcelona have?

answer: five

text: five

question: What is the  number of UEFA Cup Winners' Cup competitions Barcelona has won?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many UEFA Super Cup awards does Barcelona have?

answer: five

text: five

question: What is the number of FIFA Club World  Cup trophies Barcelona has?

answer: three

text: three

question: What competition is the predecessor to the UEFA Cup-Europa League?

answer: Inter-Cities Fairs Cup

text: Inter-Cities Fairs Cup


text: A significant and far-reaching shift in human subsistence and lifestyle was to be brought about in areas where crop farming and cultivation were first developed: the previous reliance on an essentially nomadic hunter-gatherer subsistence technique or pastoral transhumance was at first supplemented, and then increasingly replaced by, a reliance upon the foods produced from cultivated lands. These developments are also believed to have greatly encouraged the growth of settlements, since it may be supposed that the increased need to spend more time and labor in tending crop fields required more localized dwellings. This trend would continue into the Bronze Age, eventually giving rise to permanently settled farming towns, and later cities and states whose larger populations could be sustained by the increased productivity from cultivated lands.

title: Neolithic

title: Neolithic

text: A

text: significant

text: and

text: far

text: reaching

text: shift

text: in

text: human

text: subsistence

text: and

text: lifestyle

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: brought

text: about

text: in

text: areas

text: where

text: crop

text: farming

text: and

text: cultivation

text: were

text: first

text: developed

text: the

text: previous

text: reliance

text: on

text: an

text: essentially

text: nomadic

text: hunter

text: gatherer

text: subsistence

text: technique

text: or

text: pastoral

text: transhumance

text: was

text: at

text: first

text: supplemented

text: and

text: then

text: increasingly

text: replaced

text: by

text: a

text: reliance

text: upon

text: the

text: foods

text: produced

text: from

text: cultivated

text: lands

text: These

text: developments

text: are

text: also

text: believed

text: to

text: have

text: greatly

text: encouraged

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: settlements

text: since

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: supposed

text: that

text: the

text: increased

text: need

text: to

text: spend

text: more

text: time

text: and

text: labor

text: in

text: tending

text: crop

text: fields

text: required

text: more

text: localized

text: dwellings

text: This

text: trend

text: would

text: continue

text: into

text: the

text: Bronze

text: Age

text: eventually

text: giving

text: rise

text: to

text: permanently

text: settled

text: farming

text: towns

text: and

text: later

text: cities

text: and

text: states

text: whose

text: larger

text: populations

text: could

text: be

text: sustained

text: by

text: the

text: increased

text: productivity

text: from

text: cultivated

text: lands

question: What trend led to a major shift in the livelihoods of early cultures?

answer: crop farming and cultivation

text: crop farming and cultivation

question: What behavior did humans rely on to survive before agriculture?

answer: nomadic hunter-gatherer subsistence technique

text: nomadic hunter-gatherer subsistence technique

question: What era saw an increase in permanently settled farming towns?

answer: the Bronze Age

text: the Bronze Age


text: Though human activities have allowed the expansion of a few species, such as the barn swallow and European starling, they have caused population decreases or extinction in many other species. Over a hundred bird species have gone extinct in historical times, although the most dramatic human-caused avian extinctions, eradicating an estimated 750–1800 species, occurred during the human colonisation of Melanesian, Polynesian, and Micronesian islands. Many bird populations are declining worldwide, with 1,227 species listed as threatened by BirdLife International and the IUCN in 2009.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: Though

text: human

text: activities

text: have

text: allowed

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: a

text: few

text: species

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: barn

text: swallow

text: and

text: European

text: starling

text: they

text: have

text: caused

text: population

text: decreases

text: or

text: extinction

text: in

text: many

text: other

text: species

text: Over

text: a

text: hundred

text: bird

text: species

text: have

text: gone

text: extinct

text: in

text: historical

text: times

text: although

text: the

text: most

text: dramatic

text: human

text: caused

text: avian

text: extinctions

text: eradicating

text: an

text: estimated

text: species

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: human

text: colonisation

text: of

text: Melanesian

text: Polynesian

text: and

text: Micronesian

text: islands

text: Many

text: bird

text: populations

text: are

text: declining

text: worldwide

text: with

text: species

text: listed

text: as

text: threatened

text: by

text: BirdLife

text: International

text: and

text: the

text: IUCN

text: in

question: How many bird species have gone extinct in historical times?

answer: Over a hundred

text: Over a hundred

question: How many species are listed as threatened by BirdLife International and the IUCN?

answer: 1,227

question: When did the most dramatic human-caused avian extinctions occur?

answer: during the human colonisation of Melanesian, Polynesian, and Micronesian islands

text: during the human colonisation of Melanesian, Polynesian, and Micronesian islands


text: Europe spent these years rebuilding and coming to terms with the vast human cost of the conflict. The economy of the United States became increasingly intertwined with that of Europe. In Germany, the Weimar Republic gave way to episodes of political and economic turmoil, which culminated with the German hyperinflation of 1923 and the failed Beer Hall Putsch of that same year. When Germany could no longer afford war payments, Wall Street invested heavily in European debts to keep the European economy afloat as a large consumer market for American mass-produced goods. By the middle of the decade, economic development soared in Europe, and the Roaring Twenties broke out in Germany, Britain and France, the second half of the decade becoming known as the "Golden Twenties". In France and francophone Canada, they were also called the "années folles" ("Crazy Years").

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: Europe

text: spent

text: these

text: years

text: rebuilding

text: and

text: coming

text: to

text: terms

text: with

text: the

text: vast

text: human

text: cost

text: of

text: the

text: conflict

text: The

text: economy

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: became

text: increasingly

text: intertwined

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: Europe

text: In

text: Germany

text: the

text: Weimar

text: Republic

text: gave

text: way

text: to

text: episodes

text: of

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: turmoil

text: which

text: culminated

text: with

text: the

text: German

text: hyperinflation

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: failed

text: Beer

text: Hall

text: Putsch

text: of

text: that

text: same

text: year

text: When

text: Germany

text: could

text: no

text: longer

text: afford

text: war

text: payments

text: Wall

text: Street

text: invested

text: heavily

text: in

text: European

text: debts

text: to

text: keep

text: the

text: European

text: economy

text: afloat

text: as

text: a

text: large

text: consumer

text: market

text: for

text: American

text: mass

text: produced

text: goods

text: By

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: decade

text: economic

text: development

text: soared

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: Roaring

text: Twenties

text: broke

text: out

text: in

text: Germany

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: decade

text: becoming

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Golden

text: Twenties

text: In

text: France

text: and

text: francophone

text: Canada

text: they

text: were

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: années

text: folles

text: Crazy

text: Years

question: When did the hyperinflation of  1923 occur?

answer: 1923

question: Who invested in European debts?

answer: Wall Street

text: Wall Street

question: Europe has a large market for what?

answer: American mass-produced goods

text: American mass-produced goods


text: Saturated fats (typically from animal sources) have been a staple in many world cultures for millennia. Unsaturated fats (e. g., vegetable oil) are considered healthier, while trans fats are to be avoided. Saturated and some trans fats are typically solid at room temperature (such as butter or lard), while unsaturated fats are typically liquids (such as olive oil or flaxseed oil). Trans fats are very rare in nature, and have been shown to be highly detrimental to human health, but have properties useful in the food processing industry, such as rancidity resistance.[citation needed]

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Saturated

text: fats

text: typically

text: from

text: animal

text: sources

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: staple

text: in

text: many

text: world

text: cultures

text: for

text: millennia

text: Unsaturated

text: fats

text: e.

text: g.

text: vegetable

text: oil

text: are

text: considered

text: healthier

text: while

text: trans

text: fats

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: avoided

text: Saturated

text: and

text: some

text: trans

text: fats

text: are

text: typically

text: solid

text: at

text: room

text: temperature

text: such

text: as

text: butter

text: or

text: lard

text: while

text: unsaturated

text: fats

text: are

text: typically

text: liquids

text: such

text: as

text: olive

text: oil

text: or

text: flaxseed

text: oil

text: Trans

text: fats

text: are

text: very

text: rare

text: in

text: nature

text: and

text: have

text: been

text: shown

text: to

text: be

text: highly

text: detrimental

text: to

text: human

text: health

text: but

text: have

text: properties

text: useful

text: in

text: the

text: food

text: processing

text: industry

text: such

text: as

text: rancidity

text: resistance.[citation

text: needed

question: Where do saturated fats in a diet typically originate from?

answer: animal sources

text: animal sources

question: Which kind of fat is generally considered to be healthiest?

answer: Unsaturated fats

text: Unsaturated fats

question: Which type of fat should people attempt to avoid?

answer: trans fats

text: trans fats

question: What kind of state of matter do unsaturated fats typically have at room temperature?

answer: liquids

text: liquids

question: Although trans fats are harmful to human health, what property do they have that makes them useful in food processing?

answer: rancidity resistance

text: rancidity resistance


text: However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributable in terms of the trajectory of the cup, irregularities in its structure, angle of its impact on the floor, etc. However, applying the same event in reverse, it is difficult to explain why the various pieces of the cup should fly up into the human hand and reassemble precisely into the shape of a cup, or why the water should position itself entirely within the cup. The causes of the resultant structure and shape of the cup and the encapsulation of the water by the hand within the cup are not easily attributable, as neither hand nor floor can achieve such formations of the cup or water. This asymmetry is perceivable on account of two features: i) the relationship between the agent capacities of the human hand (i.e., what it is and is not capable of and what it is for) and non-animal agency (i.e., what floors are and are not capable of and what they are for) and ii) that the pieces of cup came to possess exactly the nature and number of those of a cup before assembling. In short, such asymmetry is attributable to the relationship between temporal direction on the one hand and the implications of form and functional capacity on the other.

title: Philosophy_of_space_and_time

title: Philosophy_of_space_and_time

text: However

text: asymmetry

text: of

text: causation

text: can

text: be

text: observed

text: in

text: a

text: non

text: arbitrary

text: way

text: which

text: is

text: not

text: metaphysical

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: a

text: human

text: hand

text: dropping

text: a

text: cup

text: of

text: water

text: which

text: smashes

text: into

text: fragments

text: on

text: a

text: hard

text: floor

text: spilling

text: the

text: liquid

text: In

text: this

text: order

text: the

text: causes

text: of

text: the

text: resultant

text: pattern

text: of

text: cup

text: fragments

text: and

text: water

text: spill

text: is

text: easily

text: attributable

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: trajectory

text: of

text: the

text: cup

text: irregularities

text: in

text: its

text: structure

text: angle

text: of

text: its

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: floor

text: etc

text: However

text: applying

text: the

text: same

text: event

text: in

text: reverse

text: it

text: is

text: difficult

text: to

text: explain

text: why

text: the

text: various

text: pieces

text: of

text: the

text: cup

text: should

text: fly

text: up

text: into

text: the

text: human

text: hand

text: and

text: reassemble

text: precisely

text: into

text: the

text: shape

text: of

text: a

text: cup

text: or

text: why

text: the

text: water

text: should

text: position

text: itself

text: entirely

text: within

text: the

text: cup

text: The

text: causes

text: of

text: the

text: resultant

text: structure

text: and

text: shape

text: of

text: the

text: cup

text: and

text: the

text: encapsulation

text: of

text: the

text: water

text: by

text: the

text: hand

text: within

text: the

text: cup

text: are

text: not

text: easily

text: attributable

text: as

text: neither

text: hand

text: nor

text: floor

text: can

text: achieve

text: such

text: formations

text: of

text: the

text: cup

text: or

text: water

text: This

text: asymmetry

text: is

text: perceivable

text: on

text: account

text: of

text: two

text: features

text: i

text: the

text: relationship

text: between

text: the

text: agent

text: capacities

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: hand

text: i.e.

text: what

text: it

text: is

text: and

text: is

text: not

text: capable

text: of

text: and

text: what

text: it

text: is

text: for

text: and

text: non

text: animal

text: agency

text: i.e.

text: what

text: floors

text: are

text: and

text: are

text: not

text: capable

text: of

text: and

text: what

text: they

text: are

text: for

text: and

text: ii

text: that

text: the

text: pieces

text: of

text: cup

text: came

text: to

text: possess

text: exactly

text: the

text: nature

text: and

text: number

text: of

text: those

text: of

text: a

text: cup

text: before

text: assembling

text: In

text: short

text: such

text: asymmetry

text: is

text: attributable

text: to

text: the

text: relationship

text: between

text: temporal

text: direction

text: on

text: the

text: one

text: hand

text: and

text: the

text: implications

text: of

text: form

text: and

text: functional

text: capacity

text: on

text: the

text: other

question: How can asymmetry of causation be observed?

answer: in a non-arbitrary way

text: in a non-arbitrary way

question: How many features of asymmetry in the cup example can be viewed?

answer: two

text: two

question: Asymmetry is attributable to a relation of what kind of direction?

answer: temporal

text: temporal

question: What else, besides direction, is asymmetry attributable to?

answer: implications of form and functional capacity

text: implications of form and functional capacity


text: Energy production in Greece is dominated by the Public Power Corporation (known mostly by its acronym ΔΕΗ, or in English DEI). In 2009 DEI supplied for 85.6% of all energy demand in Greece, while the number fell to 77.3% in 2010. Almost half (48%) of DEI's power output is generated using lignite, a drop from the 51.6% in 2009. Another 12% comes from Hydroelectric power plants and another 20% from natural gas. Between 2009 and 2010, independent companies' energy production increased by 56%, from 2,709 Gigawatt hour in 2009 to 4,232 GWh in 2010.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: Energy

text: production

text: in

text: Greece

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: Public

text: Power

text: Corporation

text: known

text: mostly

text: by

text: its

text: acronym

text: ΔΕΗ

text: or

text: in

text: English

text: DEI

text: In

text: DEI

text: supplied

text: for

text: of

text: all

text: energy

text: demand

text: in

text: Greece

text: while

text: the

text: number

text: fell

text: to

text: in

text: Almost

text: half

text: of

text: DEI

text: 's

text: power

text: output

text: is

text: generated

text: using

text: lignite

text: a

text: drop

text: from

text: the

text: in

text: Another

text: comes

text: from

text: Hydroelectric

text: power

text: plants

text: and

text: another

text: from

text: natural

text: gas

text: Between

text: and

text: independent

text: companies

text: energy

text: production

text: increased

text: by

text: from

text: Gigawatt

text: hour

text: in

text: to

text: GWh

text: in

question: Who dominates energy production in Greece?

answer: Public Power Corporation

text: Public Power Corporation

question: How much of all of Greece's energy demand was supplied by DEI in 2009?

answer: 85.6%

question: What is almost half of DEI's power output generated by the use of?

answer: lignite

text: lignite

question: How much of DEI's energy output is from natural gas?

answer: 20%

question: What percentage did independent companies' energy production increase between 2009 and 2010?

answer: 56%


text: Historian H. Paul Varley notes the description of Japan given by Jesuit leader St. Francis Xavier (1506–1552): "There is no nation in the world which fears death less." Xavier further describes the honour and manners of the people: "I fancy that there are no people in the world more punctilious about their honour than the Japanese, for they will not put up with a single insult or even a word spoken in anger." Xavier spent the years 1549–1551 converting Japanese to Christianity. He also observed: "The Japanese are much braver and more warlike than the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines."

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: Historian

text: H.

text: Paul

text: Varley

text: notes

text: the

text: description

text: of

text: Japan

text: given

text: by

text: Jesuit

text: leader

text: St.

text: Francis

text: Xavier

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: nation

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: which

text: fears

text: death

text: less

text: Xavier

text: further

text: describes

text: the

text: honour

text: and

text: manners

text: of

text: the

text: people

text: I

text: fancy

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: no

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: more

text: punctilious

text: about

text: their

text: honour

text: than

text: the

text: Japanese

text: for

text: they

text: will

text: not

text: put

text: up

text: with

text: a

text: single

text: insult

text: or

text: even

text: a

text: word

text: spoken

text: in

text: anger

text: Xavier

text: spent

text: the

text: years

text: converting

text: Japanese

text: to

text: Christianity

text: He

text: also

text: observed

text: The

text: Japanese

text: are

text: much

text: braver

text: and

text: more

text: warlike

text: than

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: China

text: Korea

text: Ternate

text: and

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: nations

text: around

text: the

text: Philippines

question: What religious order was St. Francis Xavier in?

answer: Jesuit

text: Jesuit

question: When was St. Francis Xavier born?

answer: 1506

question: When did St. Francis Xavier die?

answer: 1552

question: When did Xavier try to convert Japan to Christianity?

answer: 1549–1551

question: Who were the Japanese regarded as braver than?

answer: the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines

text: the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines


text: On 23 June 1757, the English East India Company defeated Siraj-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Bengal, in the Battle of Plassey. The British thus became masters of east India (Bengal, Bihar, Orissa) – a prosperous region with a flourishing agriculture, industry and trade. This led to a large amount of children being forced into labour due to the increasing need of cheap labour to produce large numbers of goods. Many multinationals often employed children because that they can be recruited for less pay, and have more endurance to utilise in factory environments. Another reason many Indian children were hired was because they lack knowledge of their basic rights, they did not cause trouble or complain, and they were often more trustworthy. The innocence that comes with childhood was utilised to make a profit by many and was encouraged by the need for family income.

title: Child_labour

title: Child_labour

text: On

text: June

text: the

text: English

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: defeated

text: Siraj

text: ud

text: Daula

text: the

text: Nawab

text: of

text: Bengal

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Plassey

text: The

text: British

text: thus

text: became

text: masters

text: of

text: east

text: India

text: Bengal

text: Bihar

text: Orissa

text: a

text: prosperous

text: region

text: with

text: a

text: flourishing

text: agriculture

text: industry

text: and

text: trade

text: This

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: large

text: amount

text: of

text: children

text: being

text: forced

text: into

text: labour

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: increasing

text: need

text: of

text: cheap

text: labour

text: to

text: produce

text: large

text: numbers

text: of

text: goods

text: Many

text: multinationals

text: often

text: employed

text: children

text: because

text: that

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: recruited

text: for

text: less

text: pay

text: and

text: have

text: more

text: endurance

text: to

text: utilise

text: in

text: factory

text: environments

text: Another

text: reason

text: many

text: Indian

text: children

text: were

text: hired

text: was

text: because

text: they

text: lack

text: knowledge

text: of

text: their

text: basic

text: rights

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: cause

text: trouble

text: or

text: complain

text: and

text: they

text: were

text: often

text: more

text: trustworthy

text: The

text: innocence

text: that

text: comes

text: with

text: childhood

text: was

text: utilised

text: to

text: make

text: a

text: profit

text: by

text: many

text: and

text: was

text: encouraged

text: by

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: family

text: income

question: When did the English East India Company defeat Siraj-ud-Daula?

answer: 23 June 1757

text: 23 June 1757

question: Who was the master of the east of India?

answer: British

text: British

question: Why were many children employed?

answer: increasing need of cheap labour

text: increasing need of cheap labour

question: What was the primary reason for India children being employed?

answer: lack knowledge of their basic rights

text: lack knowledge of their basic rights

question: How did India child workers act?

answer: they did not cause trouble or complain

text: they did not cause trouble or complain


text: Relatively few changes were made from the Release Preview to the final version; these included updated versions of its pre-loaded apps, the renaming of Windows Explorer to File Explorer, the replacement of the Aero Glass theme from Windows Vista and 7 with a new flat and solid-colored theme, and the addition of new background options for the Start screen, lock screen, and desktop. Prior to its general availability on October 26, 2012, updates were released for some of Windows 8's bundled apps, and a "General Availability Cumulative Update" (which included fixes to improve performance, compatibility, and battery life) was released on Tuesday, October 9, 2012. Microsoft indicated that due to improvements to its testing infrastructure, general improvements of this nature are to be released more frequently through Windows Update instead of being relegated to OEMs and service packs only.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: Relatively

text: few

text: changes

text: were

text: made

text: from

text: the

text: Release

text: Preview

text: to

text: the

text: final

text: version

text: these

text: included

text: updated

text: versions

text: of

text: its

text: pre

text: loaded

text: apps

text: the

text: renaming

text: of

text: Windows

text: Explorer

text: to

text: File

text: Explorer

text: the

text: replacement

text: of

text: the

text: Aero

text: Glass

text: theme

text: from

text: Windows

text: Vista

text: and

text: with

text: a

text: new

text: flat

text: and

text: solid

text: colored

text: theme

text: and

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: new

text: background

text: options

text: for

text: the

text: Start

text: screen

text: lock

text: screen

text: and

text: desktop

text: Prior

text: to

text: its

text: general

text: availability

text: on

text: October

text: updates

text: were

text: released

text: for

text: some

text: of

text: Windows

text: 's

text: bundled

text: apps

text: and

text: a

text: General

text: Availability

text: Cumulative

text: Update

text: which

text: included

text: fixes

text: to

text: improve

text: performance

text: compatibility

text: and

text: battery

text: life

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: Tuesday

text: October

text: Microsoft

text: indicated

text: that

text: due

text: to

text: improvements

text: to

text: its

text: testing

text: infrastructure

text: general

text: improvements

text: of

text: this

text: nature

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: released

text: more

text: frequently

text: through

text: Windows

text: Update

text: instead

text: of

text: being

text: relegated

text: to

text: OEMs

text: and

text: service

text: packs

text: only

question: How many things did Microsoft alter after Release Preview?

answer: Relatively few

text: Relatively few

question: When was the General Availablity Cumulative Update provided?

answer: October 9, 2012

text: October 9, 2012

question: How are system improvements released through Windows 8?

answer: through Windows Update

text: through Windows Update

question: What name did Windows Explorer change to?

answer: File Explorer

text: File Explorer


text: The Germans expected to negotiate an end to the war but immediately ordered an advance on Paris; by 15 September Moltke issued the orders for an investment of Paris and on 20 September the encirclement was complete. Bismarck met Favre on 18 September at the Château de Ferrières and demanded a frontier immune to a French war of revenge, which included Strasbourg, Alsace and most the Moselle department in Lorraine of which Metz was the capital. In return for an armistice for the French to elect a National Assembly, Bismarck demanded the surrender of Strasbourg and the fortress city of Toul. To allow supplies into Paris, one of the perimeter forts had to be handed over. Favre was unaware that the real aim of Bismarck in making such extortionate demands was to establish a durable peace on the new western frontier of Germany, preferably by a peace with a friendly government, on terms acceptable to French public opinion. An impregnable military frontier was an inferior alternative to him, favoured only by the militant nationalists on the German side.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: The

text: Germans

text: expected

text: to

text: negotiate

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: the

text: war

text: but

text: immediately

text: ordered

text: an

text: advance

text: on

text: Paris

text: by

text: September

text: Moltke

text: issued

text: the

text: orders

text: for

text: an

text: investment

text: of

text: Paris

text: and

text: on

text: September

text: the

text: encirclement

text: was

text: complete

text: Bismarck

text: met

text: Favre

text: on

text: September

text: at

text: the

text: Château

text: de

text: Ferrières

text: and

text: demanded

text: a

text: frontier

text: immune

text: to

text: a

text: French

text: war

text: of

text: revenge

text: which

text: included

text: Strasbourg

text: Alsace

text: and

text: most

text: the

text: Moselle

text: department

text: in

text: Lorraine

text: of

text: which

text: Metz

text: was

text: the

text: capital

text: In

text: return

text: for

text: an

text: armistice

text: for

text: the

text: French

text: to

text: elect

text: a

text: National

text: Assembly

text: Bismarck

text: demanded

text: the

text: surrender

text: of

text: Strasbourg

text: and

text: the

text: fortress

text: city

text: of

text: Toul

text: To

text: allow

text: supplies

text: into

text: Paris

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: perimeter

text: forts

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: handed

text: over

text: Favre

text: was

text: unaware

text: that

text: the

text: real

text: aim

text: of

text: Bismarck

text: in

text: making

text: such

text: extortionate

text: demands

text: was

text: to

text: establish

text: a

text: durable

text: peace

text: on

text: the

text: new

text: western

text: frontier

text: of

text: Germany

text: preferably

text: by

text: a

text: peace

text: with

text: a

text: friendly

text: government

text: on

text: terms

text: acceptable

text: to

text: French

text: public

text: opinion

text: An

text: impregnable

text: military

text: frontier

text: was

text: an

text: inferior

text: alternative

text: to

text: him

text: favoured

text: only

text: by

text: the

text: militant

text: nationalists

text: on

text: the

text: German

text: side

question: What did the Germans expect to negotiate?

answer: an end to the war

text: an end to the war

question: On what date was the encirclement of Paris complete?

answer: 20 September

text: 20 September

question: Bismarck and Favre met on what date?

answer: 18 September

text: 18 September

question: What was the location of Bismarck and Favre's meeting?

answer: the Château de Ferrières

text: the Château de Ferrières

question: Bismarck demanded the surrender of Strasbourg and what fortress city?

answer: Toul

text: Toul


text: It is speculated by some archaeologists that Sumerian speakers were farmers who moved down from the north, after perfecting irrigation agriculture there. The Ubaid pottery of southern Mesopotamia has been connected via Choga Mami transitional ware to the pottery of the Samarra period culture (c. 5700 – 4900 BC C-14) in the north, who were the first to practice a primitive form of irrigation agriculture along the middle Tigris River and its tributaries. The connection is most clearly seen at Tell Awayli (Oueilli, Oueili) near Larsa, excavated by the French in the 1980s, where eight levels yielded pre-Ubaid pottery resembling Samarran ware. According to this theory, farming peoples spread down into southern Mesopotamia because they had developed a temple-centered social organization for mobilizing labor and technology for water control, enabling them to survive and prosper in a difficult environment.[citation needed]

title: Sumer

title: Sumer

text: It

text: is

text: speculated

text: by

text: some

text: archaeologists

text: that

text: Sumerian

text: speakers

text: were

text: farmers

text: who

text: moved

text: down

text: from

text: the

text: north

text: after

text: perfecting

text: irrigation

text: agriculture

text: there

text: The

text: Ubaid

text: pottery

text: of

text: southern

text: Mesopotamia

text: has

text: been

text: connected

text: via

text: Choga

text: Mami

text: transitional

text: ware

text: to

text: the

text: pottery

text: of

text: the

text: Samarra

text: period

text: culture

text: c.

text: BC

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: who

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: practice

text: a

text: primitive

text: form

text: of

text: irrigation

text: agriculture

text: along

text: the

text: middle

text: Tigris

text: River

text: and

text: its

text: tributaries

text: The

text: connection

text: is

text: most

text: clearly

text: seen

text: at

text: Tell

text: Awayli

text: Oueilli

text: Oueili

text: near

text: Larsa

text: excavated

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: in

text: the

text: where

text: eight

text: levels

text: yielded

text: pre

text: Ubaid

text: pottery

text: resembling

text: Samarran

text: ware

text: According

text: to

text: this

text: theory

text: farming

text: peoples

text: spread

text: down

text: into

text: southern

text: Mesopotamia

text: because

text: they

text: had

text: developed

text: a

text: temple

text: centered

text: social

text: organization

text: for

text: mobilizing

text: labor

text: and

text: technology

text: for

text: water

text: control

text: enabling

text: them

text: to

text: survive

text: and

text: prosper

text: in

text: a

text: difficult

text: environment.[citation

text: needed

question: Where do some archaeologists speculate Sumerians originally moved from?

answer: the north

text: the north

question: What had the Sumerians perfected before coming south?

answer: irrigation agriculture

text: irrigation agriculture

question: Who were the first to practice a primitive form of irrigation agriculture?

answer: the Samarra

text: the Samarra

question: How many levels of pre-Ubaid pottery were excavated by the French in the 1980s?

answer: eight

text: eight

question: What did the temple-centered social organization of the farming peoples allow them to mobilize?

answer: labor

text: labor


text: Many pesticides can be grouped into chemical families. Prominent insecticide families include organochlorines, organophosphates, and carbamates. Organochlorine hydrocarbons (e.g., DDT) could be separated into dichlorodiphenylethanes, cyclodiene compounds, and other related compounds. They operate by disrupting the sodium/potassium balance of the nerve fiber, forcing the nerve to transmit continuously. Their toxicities vary greatly, but they have been phased out because of their persistence and potential to bioaccumulate.:239–240 Organophosphate and carbamates largely replaced organochlorines. Both operate through inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, allowing acetylcholine to transfer nerve impulses indefinitely and causing a variety of symptoms such as weakness or paralysis. Organophosphates are quite toxic to vertebrates, and have in some cases been replaced by less toxic carbamates.:136–137 Thiocarbamate and dithiocarbamates are subclasses of carbamates. Prominent families of herbicides include phenoxy and benzoic acid herbicides (e.g. 2,4-D), triazines (e.g., atrazine), ureas (e.g., diuron), and Chloroacetanilides (e.g., alachlor). Phenoxy compounds tend to selectively kill broad-leaf weeds rather than grasses. The phenoxy and benzoic acid herbicides function similar to plant growth hormones, and grow cells without normal cell division, crushing the plant's nutrient transport system.:300 Triazines interfere with photosynthesis.:335 Many commonly used pesticides are not included in these families, including glyphosate.

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: Many

text: pesticides

text: can

text: be

text: grouped

text: into

text: chemical

text: families

text: Prominent

text: insecticide

text: families

text: include

text: organochlorines

text: organophosphates

text: and

text: carbamates

text: Organochlorine

text: hydrocarbons

text: e.g.

text: DDT

text: could

text: be

text: separated

text: into

text: dichlorodiphenylethanes

text: cyclodiene

text: compounds

text: and

text: other

text: related

text: compounds

text: They

text: operate

text: by

text: disrupting

text: the

text: sodium

text: potassium

text: balance

text: of

text: the

text: nerve

text: fiber

text: forcing

text: the

text: nerve

text: to

text: transmit

text: continuously

text: Their

text: toxicities

text: vary

text: greatly

text: but

text: they

text: have

text: been

text: phased

text: out

text: because

text: of

text: their

text: persistence

text: and

text: potential

text: to

text: Organophosphate

text: and

text: carbamates

text: largely

text: replaced

text: organochlorines

text: Both

text: operate

text: through

text: inhibiting

text: the

text: enzyme

text: acetylcholinesterase

text: allowing

text: acetylcholine

text: to

text: transfer

text: nerve

text: impulses

text: indefinitely

text: and

text: causing

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: symptoms

text: such

text: as

text: weakness

text: or

text: paralysis

text: Organophosphates

text: are

text: quite

text: toxic

text: to

text: vertebrates

text: and

text: have

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: been

text: replaced

text: by

text: less

text: toxic

text: Thiocarbamate

text: and

text: dithiocarbamates

text: are

text: subclasses

text: of

text: carbamates

text: Prominent

text: families

text: of

text: herbicides

text: include

text: phenoxy

text: and

text: benzoic

text: acid

text: herbicides

text: e.g.

text: triazines

text: e.g.

text: atrazine

text: ureas

text: e.g.

text: diuron

text: and

text: Chloroacetanilides

text: e.g.

text: alachlor

text: Phenoxy

text: compounds

text: tend

text: to

text: selectively

text: kill

text: broad

text: leaf

text: weeds

text: rather

text: than

text: grasses

text: The

text: phenoxy

text: and

text: benzoic

text: acid

text: herbicides

text: function

text: similar

text: to

text: plant

text: growth

text: hormones

text: and

text: grow

text: cells

text: without

text: normal

text: cell

text: division

text: crushing

text: the

text: plant

text: 's

text: nutrient

text: transport

text: Triazines

text: interfere

text: with

text: Many

text: commonly

text: used

text: pesticides

text: are

text: not

text: included

text: in

text: these

text: families

text: including

text: glyphosate

question: Organochlorine hydrocarbons effect what balance of the nerve fiber?

answer: sodium/potassium

text: sodium/potassium

question: Why was the use of organochlorine hydrocarbons ended?

answer: because of their persistence and potential to bioaccumulate

text: because of their persistence and potential to bioaccumulate

question: What type of herbicide selectively kills broad leef weeds?

answer: Phenoxy compounds

text: Phenoxy compounds

question: What essential plan funtion is interrupted by triazines?

answer: photosynthesis

text: photosynthesis

question: Organophospates and carbamates cause which symptoms?

answer: weakness or paralysis

text: weakness or paralysis


text: Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great Britain in 1760, most kings and queens were buried in the abbey, some notable exceptions being Henry VI, Edward IV, Henry VIII and Charles I who are buried in St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle. Other exceptions include Richard III, now buried at Leicester Cathedral, and the de facto queen Lady Jane Grey, buried in the chapel of St Peter ad Vincula in the Tower of London. Most monarchs and royals who died after 1760 are buried either in St George's Chapel or at Frogmore to the east of Windsor Castle.[citation needed]

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: Henry

text: III

text: rebuilt

text: the

text: abbey

text: in

text: honour

text: of

text: a

text: royal

text: saint

text: Edward

text: the

text: Confessor

text: whose

text: relics

text: were

text: placed

text: in

text: a

text: shrine

text: in

text: the

text: sanctuary

text: Henry

text: III

text: himself

text: was

text: interred

text: nearby

text: as

text: were

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: Plantagenet

text: kings

text: of

text: England

text: their

text: wives

text: and

text: other

text: relatives

text: Until

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: George

text: II

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: in

text: most

text: kings

text: and

text: queens

text: were

text: buried

text: in

text: the

text: abbey

text: some

text: notable

text: exceptions

text: being

text: Henry

text: VI

text: Edward

text: IV

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: and

text: Charles

text: I

text: who

text: are

text: buried

text: in

text: St

text: George

text: 's

text: Chapel

text: at

text: Windsor

text: Castle

text: Other

text: exceptions

text: include

text: Richard

text: III

text: now

text: buried

text: at

text: Leicester

text: Cathedral

text: and

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: queen

text: Lady

text: Jane

text: Grey

text: buried

text: in

text: the

text: chapel

text: of

text: St

text: Peter

text: ad

text: Vincula

text: in

text: the

text: Tower

text: of

text: London

text: Most

text: monarchs

text: and

text: royals

text: who

text: died

text: after

text: are

text: buried

text: either

text: in

text: St

text: George

text: 's

text: Chapel

text: or

text: at

text: Frogmore

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: Windsor

text: Castle.[citation

text: needed

question: Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of whom?

answer: Edward the Confessor

text: Edward the Confessor

question: When did George II of Great Britain die?

answer: 1760

question: Who was Edward the Confessor?

answer: a royal saint

text: a royal saint

question: Where was Henry VI buried?

answer: St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle

text: St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle

question: Where was Richard III buried?

answer: Leicester Cathedral

text: Leicester Cathedral


text: Incandescent lamps are nearly pure resistive loads with a power factor of 1. This means the actual power consumed (in watts) and the apparent power (in volt-amperes) are equal. Incandescent light bulbs are usually marketed according to the electrical power consumed. This is measured in watts and depends mainly on the resistance of the filament, which in turn depends mainly on the filament's length, thickness, and material. For two bulbs of the same voltage, type, color, and clarity, the higher-powered bulb gives more light.

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

text: Incandescent

text: lamps

text: are

text: nearly

text: pure

text: resistive

text: loads

text: with

text: a

text: power

text: factor

text: of

text: This

text: means

text: the

text: actual

text: power

text: consumed

text: in

text: watts

text: and

text: the

text: apparent

text: power

text: in

text: volt

text: amperes

text: are

text: equal

text: Incandescent

text: light

text: bulbs

text: are

text: usually

text: marketed

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: electrical

text: power

text: consumed

text: This

text: is

text: measured

text: in

text: watts

text: and

text: depends

text: mainly

text: on

text: the

text: resistance

text: of

text: the

text: filament

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: depends

text: mainly

text: on

text: the

text: filament

text: 's

text: length

text: thickness

text: and

text: material

text: For

text: two

text: bulbs

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: voltage

text: type

text: color

text: and

text: clarity

text: the

text: higher

text: powered

text: bulb

text: gives

text: more

text: light

question: What does a power factor of 1 mean?

answer: the actual power consumed (in watts) and the apparent power (in volt-amperes) are equal

text: the actual power consumed (in watts) and the apparent power (in volt-amperes) are equal

question: What principally determines the wattage of an incandescent bulb?

answer: the resistance of the filament

text: the resistance of the filament

question: What determines the resistance of the filament?

answer: the filament's length, thickness, and material

text: the filament's length, thickness, and material

question: How close do incandescent lamps come to pure resistive loads?

answer: Incandescent lamps are nearly pure resistive loads

text: Incandescent lamps are nearly pure resistive loads

question: All other things being equal, how does wattage affect light emitted?

answer: the higher-powered bulb gives more light

text: the higher-powered bulb gives more light


text: In 1947, the King and his family toured Southern Africa. The Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa, Jan Smuts, was facing an election and hoped to make political capital out of the visit. George was appalled, however, when instructed by the South African government to shake hands only with whites, and referred to his South African bodyguards as "the Gestapo". Despite the tour, Smuts lost the election the following year, and the new government instituted a strict policy of racial segregation.

title: George_VI

title: George_VI

text: In

text: the

text: King

text: and

text: his

text: family

text: toured

text: Southern

text: Africa

text: The

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: South

text: Africa

text: Jan

text: Smuts

text: was

text: facing

text: an

text: election

text: and

text: hoped

text: to

text: make

text: political

text: capital

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: visit

text: George

text: was

text: appalled

text: however

text: when

text: instructed

text: by

text: the

text: South

text: African

text: government

text: to

text: shake

text: hands

text: only

text: with

text: whites

text: and

text: referred

text: to

text: his

text: South

text: African

text: bodyguards

text: as

text: the

text: Gestapo

text: Despite

text: the

text: tour

text: Smuts

text: lost

text: the

text: election

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: government

text: instituted

text: a

text: strict

text: policy

text: of

text: racial

text: segregation

question: Who was the Prime Minister of South Africa in 1947?

answer: Jan Smuts

text: Jan Smuts

question: What were the King's South African bodyguards referred as?

answer: the Gestapo

text: the Gestapo

question: Who instructed the King to only shake hands with whites in South Africa?

answer: South African government

text: South African government


text: For example, in order to meet the expectations for good color rendering in retail applications, research suggests using the well-established CRI along with another metric called gamut area index (GAI). GAI represents the relative separation of object colors illuminated by a light source; the greater the GAI, the greater the apparent saturation or vividness of the object colors. As a result, light sources which balance both CRI and GAI are generally preferred over ones that have only high CRI or only high GAI.

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: meet

text: the

text: expectations

text: for

text: good

text: color

text: rendering

text: in

text: retail

text: applications

text: research

text: suggests

text: using

text: the

text: well

text: established

text: CRI

text: along

text: with

text: another

text: metric

text: called

text: gamut

text: area

text: index

text: GAI

text: GAI

text: represents

text: the

text: relative

text: separation

text: of

text: object

text: colors

text: illuminated

text: by

text: a

text: light

text: source

text: the

text: greater

text: the

text: GAI

text: the

text: greater

text: the

text: apparent

text: saturation

text: or

text: vividness

text: of

text: the

text: object

text: colors

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: light

text: sources

text: which

text: balance

text: both

text: CRI

text: and

text: GAI

text: are

text: generally

text: preferred

text: over

text: ones

text: that

text: have

text: only

text: high

text: CRI

text: or

text: only

text: high

text: GAI

question: What does GAI stand for?

answer: gamut area index

text: gamut area index

question: The relative separating of object colors illuminated by a light source is known as?

answer: GAI

text: GAI

question: Would a lower GAI mean higher apparent saturation or vividness of object colors?

answer: ano

text: ano


text: Kievan Rus', although sparsely populated compared to Western Europe, was not only the largest contemporary European state in terms of area but also culturally advanced. Literacy in Kiev, Novgorod and other large cities was high. As birch bark documents attest, they exchanged love letters and prepared cheat sheets for schools. Novgorod had a sewage system and wood paving not often found in other cities at the time. The Russkaya Pravda confined punishments to fines and generally did not use capital punishment. Certain rights were accorded to women, such as property and inheritance rights.

title: Kievan_Rus%27

title: Kievan_Rus%27

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: although

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: compared

text: to

text: Western

text: Europe

text: was

text: not

text: only

text: the

text: largest

text: contemporary

text: European

text: state

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: area

text: but

text: also

text: culturally

text: advanced

text: Literacy

text: in

text: Kiev

text: Novgorod

text: and

text: other

text: large

text: cities

text: was

text: high

text: As

text: birch

text: bark

text: documents

text: attest

text: they

text: exchanged

text: love

text: letters

text: and

text: prepared

text: cheat

text: sheets

text: for

text: schools

text: Novgorod

text: had

text: a

text: sewage

text: system

text: and

text: wood

text: paving

text: not

text: often

text: found

text: in

text: other

text: cities

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: The

text: Russkaya

text: Pravda

text: confined

text: punishments

text: to

text: fines

text: and

text: generally

text: did

text: not

text: use

text: capital

text: punishment

text: Certain

text: rights

text: were

text: accorded

text: to

text: women

text: such

text: as

text: property

text: and

text: inheritance

text: rights

question: Despite being much smaller than wester europe, what they known for being?

answer: the largest contemporary European state

text: the largest contemporary European state

question: What could you find in Novgorod that you couldn't in most other cities?

answer: sewage system and wood paving

text: sewage system and wood paving

question: What were some of the rights women had during this time period?

answer: property and inheritance rights

text: property and inheritance rights


text: Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus, and their genetic material is typically a single circular DNA chromosome located in the cytoplasm in an irregularly shaped body called the nucleoid. The nucleoid contains the chromosome with its associated proteins and RNA. The phylum Planctomycetes and candidate phylum Poribacteria may be exceptions to the general absence of internal membranes in bacteria, because they appear to have a double membrane around their nucleoids and contain other membrane-bound cellular structures. Like all living organisms, bacteria contain ribosomes, often grouped in chains called polyribosomes, for the production of proteins, but the structure of the bacterial ribosome is different from that of eukaryotes and Archaea. Bacterial ribosomes have a sedimentation rate of 70S (measured in Svedberg units): their subunits have rates of 30S and 50S. Some antibiotics bind specifically to 70S ribosomes and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Those antibiotics kill bacteria without affecting the larger 80S ribosomes of eukaryotic cells and without harming the host.

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: Bacteria

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: membrane

text: bound

text: nucleus

text: and

text: their

text: genetic

text: material

text: is

text: typically

text: a

text: single

text: circular

text: DNA

text: chromosome

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: cytoplasm

text: in

text: an

text: irregularly

text: shaped

text: body

text: called

text: the

text: nucleoid

text: The

text: nucleoid

text: contains

text: the

text: chromosome

text: with

text: its

text: associated

text: proteins

text: and

text: RNA

text: The

text: phylum

text: Planctomycetes

text: and

text: candidate

text: phylum

text: Poribacteria

text: may

text: be

text: exceptions

text: to

text: the

text: general

text: absence

text: of

text: internal

text: membranes

text: in

text: bacteria

text: because

text: they

text: appear

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: double

text: membrane

text: around

text: their

text: nucleoids

text: and

text: contain

text: other

text: membrane

text: bound

text: cellular

text: structures

text: Like

text: all

text: living

text: organisms

text: bacteria

text: contain

text: ribosomes

text: often

text: grouped

text: in

text: chains

text: called

text: polyribosomes

text: for

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: proteins

text: but

text: the

text: structure

text: of

text: the

text: bacterial

text: ribosome

text: is

text: different

text: from

text: that

text: of

text: eukaryotes

text: and

text: Archaea

text: Bacterial

text: ribosomes

text: have

text: a

text: sedimentation

text: rate

text: of

text: measured

text: in

text: Svedberg

text: units

text: their

text: subunits

text: have

text: rates

text: of

text: and

text: Some

text: antibiotics

text: bind

text: specifically

text: to

text: ribosomes

text: and

text: inhibit

text: bacterial

text: protein

text: synthesis

text: Those

text: antibiotics

text: kill

text: bacteria

text: without

text: affecting

text: the

text: larger

text: ribosomes

text: of

text: eukaryotic

text: cells

text: and

text: without

text: harming

text: the

text: host

question: What is genetic make of bacteria?

answer: a single circular DNA chromosome

text: a single circular DNA chromosome

question: Where is DNA chromosome of bacteria located?

answer: in the cytoplasm

text: in the cytoplasm

question: How does nucleoid look?

answer: irregularly shaped body

text: irregularly shaped body

question: What are the exceptions of non-internal membrane bacteria?

answer: phylum Planctomycetes and candidate phylum Poribacteria

text: phylum Planctomycetes and candidate phylum Poribacteria

question: What is the purpose of polyribosomes in bacteria?

answer: production of proteins

text: production of proteins


text: This has led to new terms such as cyberwarfare and cyberterrorism. More and more critical infrastructure is being controlled via computer programs that, while increasing efficiency, exposes new vulnerabilities. The test will be to see if governments and corporations that control critical systems such as energy, communications and other information will be able to prevent attacks before they occur. As Jay Cross, the chief scientist of the Internet Time Group, remarked, "Connectedness begets vulnerability."

title: Computer_security

title: Computer_security

text: This

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: new

text: terms

text: such

text: as

text: cyberwarfare

text: and

text: cyberterrorism

text: More

text: and

text: more

text: critical

text: infrastructure

text: is

text: being

text: controlled

text: via

text: computer

text: programs

text: that

text: while

text: increasing

text: efficiency

text: exposes

text: new

text: vulnerabilities

text: The

text: test

text: will

text: be

text: to

text: see

text: if

text: governments

text: and

text: corporations

text: that

text: control

text: critical

text: systems

text: such

text: as

text: energy

text: communications

text: and

text: other

text: information

text: will

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: prevent

text: attacks

text: before

text: they

text: occur

text: As

text: Jay

text: Cross

text: the

text: chief

text: scientist

text: of

text: the

text: Internet

text: Time

text: Group

text: remarked

text: Connectedness

text: begets

text: vulnerability

question: Who said "Connectedness begets vulnerability?"

answer: Jay Cross

text: Jay Cross

question: What organization does Jay Cross belong to?

answer: the Internet Time Group

text: the Internet Time Group

question: What is the advantage of more critical infrastructure being controlled via computer programs?

answer: increasing efficiency

text: increasing efficiency

question: What is the disadvantage of more critical infrastructure being controlled via computer programs?

answer: exposes new vulnerabilities

text: exposes new vulnerabilities


text: In the 2010s, American jurisdictions have experienced a shortage of lethal injection drugs, due to anti-death penalty advocacy and low production volume. Hospira, the only U.S. manufacturer of sodium thiopental, stopped making the drug in 2011. The European Union has outlawed the export of any product that could be used in an execution; this has prevented executioners from using EU-manufactured anesthetics like propofol which are needed for general medical purposes. Another alternative, pentobarbital, is also only manufactured in the European Union, which has caused the Danish producer to restrict distribution to U.S. government customers.

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: the

text: American

text: jurisdictions

text: have

text: experienced

text: a

text: shortage

text: of

text: lethal

text: injection

text: drugs

text: due

text: to

text: anti

text: death

text: penalty

text: advocacy

text: and

text: low

text: production

text: volume

text: Hospira

text: the

text: only

text: U.S.

text: manufacturer

text: of

text: sodium

text: thiopental

text: stopped

text: making

text: the

text: drug

text: in

text: The

text: European

text: Union

text: has

text: outlawed

text: the

text: export

text: of

text: any

text: product

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: used

text: in

text: an

text: execution

text: this

text: has

text: prevented

text: executioners

text: from

text: using

text: EU

text: manufactured

text: anesthetics

text: like

text: propofol

text: which

text: are

text: needed

text: for

text: general

text: medical

text: purposes

text: Another

text: alternative

text: pentobarbital

text: is

text: also

text: only

text: manufactured

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: which

text: has

text: caused

text: the

text: Danish

text: producer

text: to

text: restrict

text: distribution

text: to

text: U.S.

text: government

text: customers

question: What death penalty drug ceased to be manufactured in 2011?

answer: sodium thiopental

text: sodium thiopental

question: Up until 2011, who manufactured sodium thiopental?

answer: Hospira

text: Hospira

question: What is the nationality of the company that makes pentobarbital?

answer: Danish

text: Danish

question: Along with anti-death penalty advocacy, why has there been a shortage in drugs for lethal injections in the United States?

answer: low production volume

text: low production volume

question: The EU outlawed the export of products that could be used in what activity?

answer: execution

text: execution


text: During the Hungnam evacuation, about 193 shiploads of UN Command forces and matériel (approximately 105,000 soldiers, 98,000 civilians, 17,500 vehicles, and 350,000 tons of supplies) were evacuated to Pusan. The SS Meredith Victory was noted for evacuating 14,000 refugees, the largest rescue operation by a single ship, even though it was designed to hold 12 passengers. Before escaping, the UN Command forces razed most of Hungnam city, especially the port facilities; and on 16 December 1950, President Truman declared a national emergency with Presidential Proclamation No. 2914, 3 C.F.R. 99 (1953), which remained in force until 14 September 1978.[b] The next day (17 December 1950) Kim Il-sung was deprived of the right of command of KPA by China. After that, the leading part of the war became the Chinese army. Following that, on 1 February 1951, United Nations General Assembly adopted a draft resolution condemning China as an aggressor in the Korean War.

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: During

text: the

text: Hungnam

text: evacuation

text: about

text: shiploads

text: of

text: UN

text: Command

text: forces

text: and

text: matériel

text: approximately

text: soldiers

text: civilians

text: vehicles

text: and

text: tons

text: of

text: supplies

text: were

text: evacuated

text: to

text: Pusan

text: The

text: SS

text: Meredith

text: Victory

text: was

text: noted

text: for

text: evacuating

text: refugees

text: the

text: largest

text: rescue

text: operation

text: by

text: a

text: single

text: ship

text: even

text: though

text: it

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: hold

text: passengers

text: Before

text: escaping

text: the

text: UN

text: Command

text: forces

text: razed

text: most

text: of

text: Hungnam

text: city

text: especially

text: the

text: port

text: facilities

text: and

text: on

text: December

text: President

text: Truman

text: declared

text: a

text: national

text: emergency

text: with

text: Presidential

text: Proclamation

text: No

text: C.F.R.

text: which

text: remained

text: in

text: force

text: until

text: September

text: The

text: next

text: day

text: December

text: Kim

text: Il

text: sung

text: was

text: deprived

text: of

text: the

text: right

text: of

text: command

text: of

text: KPA

text: by

text: China

text: After

text: that

text: the

text: leading

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: became

text: the

text: Chinese

text: army

text: Following

text: that

text: on

text: February

text: United

text: Nations

text: General

text: Assembly

text: adopted

text: a

text: draft

text: resolution

text: condemning

text: China

text: as

text: an

text: aggressor

text: in

text: the

text: Korean

text: War

question: What was the name of the ship responsible for undertaking the largest rescue operation by a single ship?

answer: SS Meredith Victory

text: SS Meredith Victory

question: What did the Presidential Proclamation No. 2914, 3 1950 do?

answer: declared a national emergency

text: declared a national emergency

question: What year was the Presidential Proclamation lifted?

answer: 1978

question: Who was stripped of their commanding rights by China?

answer: Kim Il-sung

text: Kim Il-sung

question: What country was condemned for their participation in the conflict in Korea?

answer: China

text: China


text: The island is subject to separate immigration controls from the remainder of Australia. Until recently immigration to Norfolk Island even by other Australian citizens was heavily restricted. In 2012, immigration controls were relaxed with the introduction of an Unrestricted Entry Permit for all Australian and New Zealand citizens upon arrival and the option to apply for residency; the only criteria are to pass a police check and be able to pay into the local health scheme. From 1 July 2016, the Australian migration system will replace the immigration arrangements currently maintained by the Norfolk Island Government.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: The

text: island

text: is

text: subject

text: to

text: separate

text: immigration

text: controls

text: from

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: Australia

text: Until

text: recently

text: immigration

text: to

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: even

text: by

text: other

text: Australian

text: citizens

text: was

text: heavily

text: restricted

text: In

text: immigration

text: controls

text: were

text: relaxed

text: with

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: an

text: Unrestricted

text: Entry

text: Permit

text: for

text: all

text: Australian

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: citizens

text: upon

text: arrival

text: and

text: the

text: option

text: to

text: apply

text: for

text: residency

text: the

text: only

text: criteria

text: are

text: to

text: pass

text: a

text: police

text: check

text: and

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: pay

text: into

text: the

text: local

text: health

text: scheme

text: From

text: July

text: the

text: Australian

text: migration

text: system

text: will

text: replace

text: the

text: immigration

text: arrangements

text: currently

text: maintained

text: by

text: the

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: Government

question: What has been heavily restricted in Norfolk Island, until recently?

answer: immigration

text: immigration

question: When were the immigration protocols relaxed in Norfolk Island?

answer: 2012

question: What aided in the relaxation of immigration protocols to Norfolk Island?

answer: an Unrestricted Entry Permit for all Australian and New Zealand citizens

text: an Unrestricted Entry Permit for all Australian and New Zealand citizens

question: What must Australian and New Zealand citizens do in order to apply for residency in Norfolk Island?

answer: pass a police check and be able to pay into the local health scheme

text: pass a police check and be able to pay into the local health scheme

question: When will the Australian migration system replace Norfolk Island's immigration policies?

answer: 1 July 2016

text: 1 July 2016


text: After over a dozen more subpar seasons, in 1981 the Cubs hired GM Dallas Green from Philadelphia to turn around the franchise. Green had managed the 1980 Phillies to the World Series title. One of his early GM moves brought in a young Phillies minor-league 3rd baseman named Ryne Sandberg, along with Larry Bowa for Iván DeJesús. The 1983 Cubs had finished 71–91 under Lee Elia, who was fired before the season ended by Green. Green continued the culture of change and overhauled the Cubs roster, front-office and coaching staff prior to 1984. Jim Frey was hired to manage the 1984 Cubs, with Don Zimmer coaching 3rd base and Billy Connors serving as pitching coach.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: After

text: over

text: a

text: dozen

text: more

text: subpar

text: seasons

text: in

text: the

text: Cubs

text: hired

text: GM

text: Dallas

text: Green

text: from

text: Philadelphia

text: to

text: turn

text: around

text: the

text: franchise

text: Green

text: had

text: managed

text: the

text: Phillies

text: to

text: the

text: World

text: Series

text: title

text: One

text: of

text: his

text: early

text: GM

text: moves

text: brought

text: in

text: a

text: young

text: Phillies

text: minor

text: league

text: baseman

text: named

text: Ryne

text: Sandberg

text: along

text: with

text: Larry

text: Bowa

text: for

text: Iván

text: DeJesús

text: The

text: Cubs

text: had

text: finished

text: under

text: Lee

text: Elia

text: who

text: was

text: fired

text: before

text: the

text: season

text: ended

text: by

text: Green

text: Green

text: continued

text: the

text: culture

text: of

text: change

text: and

text: overhauled

text: the

text: Cubs

text: roster

text: front

text: office

text: and

text: coaching

text: staff

text: prior

text: to

text: Jim

text: Frey

text: was

text: hired

text: to

text: manage

text: the

text: Cubs

text: with

text: Don

text: Zimmer

text: coaching

text: base

text: and

text: Billy

text: Connors

text: serving

text: as

text: pitching

text: coach

question: What year did the Cubs hire GM Dallas Green?

answer: 1981

question: Where was GM Dallas Green from?

answer: Philadelphia

text: Philadelphia

question: What team had Dallas Green managed in 1980?

answer: Phillies

text: Phillies


text: It has been used for thousands of years for both fuel and as a construction material. It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers (which are strong in tension) embedded in a matrix of lignin which resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xylem in the stems of trees, or it is defined more broadly to include the same type of tissue elsewhere such as in the roots of trees or shrubs.[citation needed] In a living tree it performs a support function, enabling woody plants to grow large or to stand up by themselves. It also conveys water and nutrients between the leaves, other growing tissues, and the roots. Wood may also refer to other plant materials with comparable properties, and to material engineered from wood, or wood chips or fiber.

title: Wood

title: Wood

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: for

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

text: for

text: both

text: fuel

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: construction

text: material

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: organic

text: material

text: a

text: natural

text: composite

text: of

text: cellulose

text: fibers

text: which

text: are

text: strong

text: in

text: tension

text: embedded

text: in

text: a

text: matrix

text: of

text: lignin

text: which

text: resists

text: compression

text: Wood

text: is

text: sometimes

text: defined

text: as

text: only

text: the

text: secondary

text: xylem

text: in

text: the

text: stems

text: of

text: trees

text: or

text: it

text: is

text: defined

text: more

text: broadly

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: same

text: type

text: of

text: tissue

text: elsewhere

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: roots

text: of

text: trees

text: or

text: shrubs.[citation

text: needed

text: In

text: a

text: living

text: tree

text: it

text: performs

text: a

text: support

text: function

text: enabling

text: woody

text: plants

text: to

text: grow

text: large

text: or

text: to

text: stand

text: up

text: by

text: themselves

text: It

text: also

text: conveys

text: water

text: and

text: nutrients

text: between

text: the

text: leaves

text: other

text: growing

text: tissues

text: and

text: the

text: roots

text: Wood

text: may

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: other

text: plant

text: materials

text: with

text: comparable

text: properties

text: and

text: to

text: material

text: engineered

text: from

text: wood

text: or

text: wood

text: chips

text: or

text: fiber

question: In addition to being used to build things, what has wood been used for over thousands of years?

answer: fuel

text: fuel

question: What kind of strong fibers are part of the composite of wood?

answer: cellulose

text: cellulose

question: What's the matrix in wood made up of?

answer: lignin

text: lignin

question: What one word describes the function wood provides to a tree or plant?

answer: support

text: support

question: What does wood convey to leaves, roots, and other tissues of a woody plant in addition to water?

answer: nutrients

text: nutrients


text: Great Britain lost Minorca in the Mediterranean to the French in 1756 but captured the French colonies in Senegal in 1758. The British Royal Navy took the French sugar colonies of Guadeloupe in 1759 and Martinique in 1762 as well as the Spanish cities of Havana in Cuba, and Manila in the Philippines, both prominent Spanish colonial cities. However, expansion into the hinterlands of both cities met with stiff resistance. In the Philippines, the British were confined to Manila until their agreed upon withdrawal at the war's end.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: Great

text: Britain

text: lost

text: Minorca

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: to

text: the

text: French

text: in

text: but

text: captured

text: the

text: French

text: colonies

text: in

text: Senegal

text: in

text: The

text: British

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: took

text: the

text: French

text: sugar

text: colonies

text: of

text: Guadeloupe

text: in

text: and

text: Martinique

text: in

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Spanish

text: cities

text: of

text: Havana

text: in

text: Cuba

text: and

text: Manila

text: in

text: the

text: Philippines

text: both

text: prominent

text: Spanish

text: colonial

text: cities

text: However

text: expansion

text: into

text: the

text: hinterlands

text: of

text: both

text: cities

text: met

text: with

text: stiff

text: resistance

text: In

text: the

text: Philippines

text: the

text: British

text: were

text: confined

text: to

text: Manila

text: until

text: their

text: agreed

text: upon

text: withdrawal

text: at

text: the

text: war

text: 's

text: end

question: What island did Great Britain lose in 1756?

answer: Great Britain lost Minorca in the Mediterranean to the French in 1756

text: Great Britain lost Minorca in the Mediterranean to the French in 1756

question: What success did the British have in Cuba?

answer: Spanish cities of Havana in Cuba

text: Spanish cities of Havana in Cuba

question: What possession did the French lose to the Brits in 1758

answer: captured the French colonies in Senegal in 1758

text: captured the French colonies in Senegal in 1758

question: Identify the French colonies lost  to the British in 1759 and 1762.

answer: The British Royal Navy took the French sugar colonies of Guadeloupe in 1759 and Martinique in 1762

text: The British Royal Navy took the French sugar colonies of Guadeloupe in 1759 and Martinique in 1762

question: What other colony was taken by the British from Spain?

answer: Manila in the Philippines

text: Manila in the Philippines


text: More recently, scientists have started to focus on measuring changes in brain activity related to sexual arousal, by using brain-scanning techniques. A study on how heterosexual and homosexual men's brains react to seeing pictures of naked men and women has found that both hetero- and homosexual men react positively to seeing their preferred sex, using the same brain regions. The only significant group difference between these orientations was found in the amygdala, a brain region known to be involved in regulating fear.

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: More

text: recently

text: scientists

text: have

text: started

text: to

text: focus

text: on

text: measuring

text: changes

text: in

text: brain

text: activity

text: related

text: to

text: sexual

text: arousal

text: by

text: using

text: brain

text: scanning

text: techniques

text: A

text: study

text: on

text: how

text: heterosexual

text: and

text: homosexual

text: men

text: 's

text: brains

text: react

text: to

text: seeing

text: pictures

text: of

text: naked

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: has

text: found

text: that

text: both

text: hetero-

text: and

text: homosexual

text: men

text: react

text: positively

text: to

text: seeing

text: their

text: preferred

text: sex

text: using

text: the

text: same

text: brain

text: regions

text: The

text: only

text: significant

text: group

text: difference

text: between

text: these

text: orientations

text: was

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: amygdala

text: a

text: brain

text: region

text: known

text: to

text: be

text: involved

text: in

text: regulating

text: fear

question: What have scientists started spending the most time on?

answer: measuring changes in brain activity related to sexual arousal

text: measuring changes in brain activity related to sexual arousal

question: How do scientiest measure brain activity?

answer: by using brain-scanning techniques

text: by using brain-scanning techniques

question: How did both gay and straight men react to pictures of both naked men and women?

answer: positively

text: positively

question: What was the only difference in the study between gay and straight men?

answer: The only significant group difference between these orientations was found in the amygdala,

text: The only significant group difference between these orientations was found in the amygdala,

question: What does the amygdala region of the brain do?

answer: known to be involved in regulating fear.

text: known to be involved in regulating fear.


text: The terms asphalt and bitumen are often used interchangeably to mean both natural and manufactured forms of the substance. In American English, asphalt (or asphalt cement) is the carefully refined residue from the distillation process of selected crude oils. Outside the United States, the product is often called bitumen. Geologists often prefer the term bitumen. Common usage often refers to various forms of asphalt/bitumen as "tar", such as at the La Brea Tar Pits. Another archaic term for asphalt/bitumen is "pitch".

title: Asphalt

title: Asphalt

text: The

text: terms

text: asphalt

text: and

text: bitumen

text: are

text: often

text: used

text: interchangeably

text: to

text: mean

text: both

text: natural

text: and

text: manufactured

text: forms

text: of

text: the

text: substance

text: In

text: American

text: English

text: asphalt

text: or

text: asphalt

text: cement

text: is

text: the

text: carefully

text: refined

text: residue

text: from

text: the

text: distillation

text: process

text: of

text: selected

text: crude

text: oils

text: Outside

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: product

text: is

text: often

text: called

text: bitumen

text: Geologists

text: often

text: prefer

text: the

text: term

text: bitumen

text: Common

text: usage

text: often

text: refers

text: to

text: various

text: forms

text: of

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: as

text: tar

text: such

text: as

text: at

text: the

text: La

text: Brea

text: Tar

text: Pits

text: Another

text: archaic

text: term

text: for

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: is

text: pitch

question: How are the words bitumen and asphalt frequently used?

answer: interchangeably

text: interchangeably

question: Where is bitumen the usual term for refined residue from crude oils?

answer: United States

text: United States

question: What group likes the term bitumen instead of asphalt?

answer: Geologists

text: Geologists

question: What is a naming term for asphalt?

answer: tar

text: tar

question: What is asphalt called outside of the US?

answer: bitumen

text: bitumen


text: This article compares the properties of brains across the entire range of animal species, with the greatest attention to vertebrates. It deals with the human brain insofar as it shares the properties of other brains. The ways in which the human brain differs from other brains are covered in the human brain article. Several topics that might be covered here are instead covered there because much more can be said about them in a human context. The most important is brain disease and the effects of brain damage, covered in the human brain article because the most common diseases of the human brain either do not show up in other species, or else manifest themselves in different ways.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: This

text: article

text: compares

text: the

text: properties

text: of

text: brains

text: across

text: the

text: entire

text: range

text: of

text: animal

text: species

text: with

text: the

text: greatest

text: attention

text: to

text: vertebrates

text: It

text: deals

text: with

text: the

text: human

text: brain

text: insofar

text: as

text: it

text: shares

text: the

text: properties

text: of

text: other

text: brains

text: The

text: ways

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: human

text: brain

text: differs

text: from

text: other

text: brains

text: are

text: covered

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: brain

text: article

text: Several

text: topics

text: that

text: might

text: be

text: covered

text: here

text: are

text: instead

text: covered

text: there

text: because

text: much

text: more

text: can

text: be

text: said

text: about

text: them

text: in

text: a

text: human

text: context

text: The

text: most

text: important

text: is

text: brain

text: disease

text: and

text: the

text: effects

text: of

text: brain

text: damage

text: covered

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: brain

text: article

text: because

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: diseases

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: brain

text: either

text: do

text: not

text: show

text: up

text: in

text: other

text: species

text: or

text: else

text: manifest

text: themselves

text: in

text: different

text: ways

question: Animals with a spine are called what?

answer: vertebrates

text: vertebrates