text: Those who subscribe to this interpretation believe that since the Christian scriptures never counter instrumental language with any negative judgment on instruments, opposition to instruments instead comes from an interpretation of history. There is no written opposition to musical instruments in any setting in the first century and a half of Christian churches (33 AD to 180AD). The use of instruments for Christian worship during this period is also undocumented. Toward the end of the 2nd century, Christians began condemning the instruments themselves. Those who oppose instruments today believe these Church Fathers had a better understanding of God's desire for the church,[citation needed] but there are significant differences between the teachings of these Church Fathers and Christian opposition to instruments today.

title: A_cappella

title: A_cappella

text: Those

text: who

text: subscribe

text: to

text: this

text: interpretation

text: believe

text: that

text: since

text: the

text: Christian

text: scriptures

text: never

text: counter

text: instrumental

text: language

text: with

text: any

text: negative

text: judgment

text: on

text: instruments

text: opposition

text: to

text: instruments

text: instead

text: comes

text: from

text: an

text: interpretation

text: of

text: history

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: written

text: opposition

text: to

text: musical

text: instruments

text: in

text: any

text: setting

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: century

text: and

text: a

text: half

text: of

text: Christian

text: churches

text: AD

text: to

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: instruments

text: for

text: Christian

text: worship

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: is

text: also

text: undocumented

text: Toward

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Christians

text: began

text: condemning

text: the

text: instruments

text: themselves

text: Those

text: who

text: oppose

text: instruments

text: today

text: believe

text: these

text: Church

text: Fathers

text: had

text: a

text: better

text: understanding

text: of

text: God

text: 's

text: desire

text: for

text: the

text: church,[citation

text: needed

text: but

text: there

text: are

text: significant

text: differences

text: between

text: the

text: teachings

text: of

text: these

text: Church

text: Fathers

text: and

text: Christian

text: opposition

text: to

text: instruments

text: today

question: What does the rejection of instruments in Christian music likely stem from?

answer: an interpretation of history

text: an interpretation of history

question: During what time is there no record of Christians using instruments for worship?

answer: 33 AD to 180AD

text: 33 AD to 180AD

question: At what point did instruments begin to receive condemnation from Christians?

answer: the 2nd century

text: the 2nd century

question: For what reason do modern Christians continue to oppose the use of instruments?

answer: Church Fathers had a better understanding of God's desire for the church

text: Church Fathers had a better understanding of God's desire for the church


text: In the former Soviet Union, electric traction eventually became somewhat more energy-efficient than diesel. Partly due to inefficient generation of electricity in the USSR (only 20.8% thermal efficiency in 1950 vs. 36.2% in 1975), in 1950 diesel traction was about twice as energy efficient as electric traction (in terms of net tonne-km of freight per kg of fuel). But as efficiency of electricity generation (and thus of electric traction) improved, by about 1965 electric railways became more efficient than diesel. After the mid 1970s electrics used about 25% less fuel per ton-km. However diesels were mainly used on single track lines with a fair amount of traffic  so that the lower fuel consumption of electrics may be in part due to better operating conditions on electrified lines (such as double tracking) rather than inherent energy efficiency. Nevertheless, the cost of diesel fuel was about 1.5 times more (per unit of heat energy content) than that of the fuel used in electric power plants (that generated electricity), thus making electric railways even more energy-cost effective.

title: Railway_electrification_system

title: Railway_electrification_system

text: In

text: the

text: former

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: electric

text: traction

text: eventually

text: became

text: somewhat

text: more

text: energy

text: efficient

text: than

text: diesel

text: Partly

text: due

text: to

text: inefficient

text: generation

text: of

text: electricity

text: in

text: the

text: USSR

text: only

text: thermal

text: efficiency

text: in

text: vs.

text: in

text: in

text: diesel

text: traction

text: was

text: about

text: twice

text: as

text: energy

text: efficient

text: as

text: electric

text: traction

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: net

text: tonne

text: km

text: of

text: freight

text: per

text: kg

text: of

text: fuel

text: But

text: as

text: efficiency

text: of

text: electricity

text: generation

text: and

text: thus

text: of

text: electric

text: traction

text: improved

text: by

text: about

text: electric

text: railways

text: became

text: more

text: efficient

text: than

text: diesel

text: After

text: the

text: mid

text: electrics

text: used

text: about

text: less

text: fuel

text: per

text: ton

text: km

text: However

text: diesels

text: were

text: mainly

text: used

text: on

text: single

text: track

text: lines

text: with

text: a

text: fair

text: amount

text: of

text: traffic

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: lower

text: fuel

text: consumption

text: of

text: electrics

text: may

text: be

text: in

text: part

text: due

text: to

text: better

text: operating

text: conditions

text: on

text: electrified

text: lines

text: such

text: as

text: double

text: tracking

text: rather

text: than

text: inherent

text: energy

text: efficiency

text: Nevertheless

text: the

text: cost

text: of

text: diesel

text: fuel

text: was

text: about

text: times

text: more

text: per

text: unit

text: of

text: heat

text: energy

text: content

text: than

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: fuel

text: used

text: in

text: electric

text: power

text: plants

text: that

text: generated

text: electricity

text: thus

text: making

text: electric

text: railways

text: even

text: more

text: energy

text: cost

text: effective

question: What type of trains became more energy-efficient in the former Soviet Union?

answer: electric

text: electric

question: What year could be marked as year when electric railways more efficient than diesel ones?

answer: 1965

question: How much fuel did electric train used less than diesel in the middle of 1970 in USSR?

answer: 25% less fuel per ton-km

text: 25% less fuel per ton-km

question: What could be a factor of lower energy consumption for electric trains?

answer: better operating conditions on electrified lines

text: better operating conditions on electrified lines

question: How much more expensive was diesel compare to electricity per unit?

answer: 1.5 times more (per unit of heat energy content

text: 1.5 times more (per unit of heat energy content


text: During his time as an American envoy to France, Benjamin Franklin, publisher of the old English proverb, "Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise", anonymously published a letter suggesting that Parisians economize on candles by rising earlier to use morning sunlight. This 1784 satire proposed taxing shutters, rationing candles, and waking the public by ringing church bells and firing cannons at sunrise. Despite common misconception, Franklin did not actually propose DST; 18th-century Europe did not even keep precise schedules. However, this soon changed as rail and communication networks came to require a standardization of time unknown in Franklin's day.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: During

text: his

text: time

text: as

text: an

text: American

text: envoy

text: to

text: France

text: Benjamin

text: Franklin

text: publisher

text: of

text: the

text: old

text: English

text: proverb

text: Early

text: to

text: bed

text: and

text: early

text: to

text: rise

text: makes

text: a

text: man

text: healthy

text: wealthy

text: and

text: wise

text: anonymously

text: published

text: a

text: letter

text: suggesting

text: that

text: Parisians

text: economize

text: on

text: candles

text: by

text: rising

text: earlier

text: to

text: use

text: morning

text: sunlight

text: This

text: satire

text: proposed

text: taxing

text: shutters

text: rationing

text: candles

text: and

text: waking

text: the

text: public

text: by

text: ringing

text: church

text: bells

text: and

text: firing

text: cannons

text: at

text: sunrise

text: Despite

text: common

text: misconception

text: Franklin

text: did

text: not

text: actually

text: propose

text: DST

text: century

text: Europe

text: did

text: not

text: even

text: keep

text: precise

text: schedules

text: However

text: this

text: soon

text: changed

text: as

text: rail

text: and

text: communication

text: networks

text: came

text: to

text: require

text: a

text: standardization

text: of

text: time

text: unknown

text: in

text: Franklin

text: 's

text: day

question: Who first published the proverb about waking up early and going to bed early to be "healthy, wealthy, and wise"?

answer: Benjamin Franklin

text: Benjamin Franklin

question: Which group of people did Franklin say would save candles by waking up earlier?

answer: Parisians

text: Parisians

question: In what year did Ben Franklin write a satire suggesting firing cannons at sunrise to wake people up?

answer: 1784

question: What kind of transportation network helped encourage keeping more exact schedules?

answer: rail

text: rail

question: In addition to cannon fire, what did Franklin suggest to act as Parisians' alarm clock?

answer: ringing church bells

text: ringing church bells


text: Arsenal was the first club from the south of England to join The Football League, in 1893. They entered the First Division in 1904, and have since accumulated the second most points. Relegated only once, in 1913, they continue the longest streak in the top division. In the 1930s, Arsenal won five League Championships and two FA Cups, and another FA Cup and two Championships after the war. In 1970–71, they won their first League and FA Cup Double. Between 1988 and 2005, they won five League titles and five FA Cups, including two more Doubles. They completed the 20th century with the highest average league position.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

text: Arsenal

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: club

text: from

text: the

text: south

text: of

text: England

text: to

text: join

text: The

text: Football

text: League

text: in

text: They

text: entered

text: the

text: First

text: Division

text: in

text: and

text: have

text: since

text: accumulated

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: points

text: Relegated

text: only

text: once

text: in

text: they

text: continue

text: the

text: longest

text: streak

text: in

text: the

text: top

text: division

text: In

text: the

text: Arsenal

text: won

text: five

text: League

text: Championships

text: and

text: two

text: FA

text: Cups

text: and

text: another

text: FA

text: Cup

text: and

text: two

text: Championships

text: after

text: the

text: war

text: In

text: they

text: won

text: their

text: first

text: League

text: and

text: FA

text: Cup

text: Double

text: Between

text: and

text: they

text: won

text: five

text: League

text: titles

text: and

text: five

text: FA

text: Cups

text: including

text: two

text: more

text: Doubles

text: They

text: completed

text: the

text: century

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: average

text: league

text: position

question: In what year did Arsenal join The Football League?

answer: 1893

question: During the 1930s, Arsenal won how many League Championships?

answer: five

text: five

question: When did Arsenal win their first Double Cup?

answer: 1970–71

question: Over a 17 year period which began in the late 80s, stretching five years into the new millenia, how many FA Cups did Arsenal win?

answer: five

text: five

question: What was the first football club from southern England to join The Football League?

answer: Arsenal

text: Arsenal

question: When did Arsenal join the Football League?

answer: 1893

question: In what year did Arsenal qualify to be in the First Division?

answer: 1904

question: How many league championships did Arsenal win in the 1930s?

answer: five

text: five

question: What was Arsenal's league position ranking at the end of the last century?

answer: highest average

text: highest average


text: In 2007, about 48 percent of Malians were younger than 12 years old, 49 percent were 15–64 years old, and 3 percent were 65 and older. The median age was 15.9 years. The birth rate in 2014 is 45.53 births per 1,000, and the total fertility rate (in 2012) was 6.4 children per woman. The death rate in 2007 was 16.5 deaths per 1,000. Life expectancy at birth was 53.06 years total (51.43 for males and 54.73 for females). Mali has one of the world's highest rates of infant mortality, with 106 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2007.

title: Mali

title: Mali

text: In

text: about

text: percent

text: of

text: Malians

text: were

text: younger

text: than

text: years

text: old

text: percent

text: were

text: years

text: old

text: and

text: percent

text: were

text: and

text: older

text: The

text: median

text: age

text: was

text: years

text: The

text: birth

text: rate

text: in

text: is

text: births

text: per

text: and

text: the

text: total

text: fertility

text: rate

text: in

text: was

text: children

text: per

text: woman

text: The

text: death

text: rate

text: in

text: was

text: deaths

text: per

text: Life

text: expectancy

text: at

text: birth

text: was

text: years

text: total

text: for

text: males

text: and

text: for

text: females

text: Mali

text: has

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: highest

text: rates

text: of

text: infant

text: mortality

text: with

text: deaths

text: per

text: live

text: births

text: in

question: In 2007 what percent of people were 12 and under?

answer: 48

question: What was the total fertility rate per woman as of 2012?

answer: 6.4 children

text: 6.4 children

question: In 2007 what was the death rate per 1000 people?

answer: 16.5

question: Mali has one of the highest rates of what type of mortality?

answer: infant

text: infant

question: For both men and women average life expectancy is how many years?

answer: 53.06


text: Emotions can motivate social interactions and relationships and therefore are directly related with basic physiology, particularly with the stress systems. This is important because emotions are related to the anti-stress complex, with an oxytocin-attachment system, which plays a major role in bonding. Emotional phenotype temperaments affect social connectedness and fitness in complex social systems (Kurt Kortschal 2013). These characteristics are shared with other species and taxa and are due to the effects of genes and their continuous transmission. Information that is encoded in the DNA sequences provides the blueprint for assembling proteins that make up our cells. Zygotes require genetic information from their parental germ cells, and at every speciation event, heritable traits that have enabled its ancestor to survive and reproduce successfully are passed down along with new traits that could be potentially beneficial to the offspring. In the five million years since the linages leading to modern humans and chimpanzees split, only about 1.2% of their genetic material has been modified. This suggests that everything that separates us from chimpanzees must be encoded in that very small amount of DNA, including our behaviors. Students that study animal behaviors have only identified intraspecific examples of gene-dependent behavioral phenotypes. In voles (Microtus spp.) minor genetic differences have been identified in a vasopressin receptor gene that corresponds to major species differences in social organization and the mating system (Hammock & Young 2005). Another potential example with behavioral differences is the FOCP2 gene, which is involved in neural circuitry handling speech and language (Vargha-Khadem et al. 2005). Its present form in humans differed from that of the chimpanzees by only a few mutations and has been present for about 200,000 years, coinciding with the beginning of modern humans (Enard et al. 2002). Speech, language, and social organization are all part of the basis for emotions.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: Emotions

text: can

text: motivate

text: social

text: interactions

text: and

text: relationships

text: and

text: therefore

text: are

text: directly

text: related

text: with

text: basic

text: physiology

text: particularly

text: with

text: the

text: stress

text: systems

text: This

text: is

text: important

text: because

text: emotions

text: are

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: anti

text: stress

text: complex

text: with

text: an

text: oxytocin

text: attachment

text: system

text: which

text: plays

text: a

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: bonding

text: Emotional

text: phenotype

text: temperaments

text: affect

text: social

text: connectedness

text: and

text: fitness

text: in

text: complex

text: social

text: systems

text: Kurt

text: Kortschal

text: These

text: characteristics

text: are

text: shared

text: with

text: other

text: species

text: and

text: taxa

text: and

text: are

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: effects

text: of

text: genes

text: and

text: their

text: continuous

text: transmission

text: Information

text: that

text: is

text: encoded

text: in

text: the

text: DNA

text: sequences

text: provides

text: the

text: blueprint

text: for

text: assembling

text: proteins

text: that

text: make

text: up

text: our

text: cells

text: Zygotes

text: require

text: genetic

text: information

text: from

text: their

text: parental

text: germ

text: cells

text: and

text: at

text: every

text: speciation

text: event

text: heritable

text: traits

text: that

text: have

text: enabled

text: its

text: ancestor

text: to

text: survive

text: and

text: reproduce

text: successfully

text: are

text: passed

text: down

text: along

text: with

text: new

text: traits

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: potentially

text: beneficial

text: to

text: the

text: offspring

text: In

text: the

text: five

text: million

text: years

text: since

text: the

text: linages

text: leading

text: to

text: modern

text: humans

text: and

text: chimpanzees

text: split

text: only

text: about

text: of

text: their

text: genetic

text: material

text: has

text: been

text: modified

text: This

text: suggests

text: that

text: everything

text: that

text: separates

text: us

text: from

text: chimpanzees

text: must

text: be

text: encoded

text: in

text: that

text: very

text: small

text: amount

text: of

text: DNA

text: including

text: our

text: behaviors

text: Students

text: that

text: study

text: animal

text: behaviors

text: have

text: only

text: identified

text: intraspecific

text: examples

text: of

text: gene

text: dependent

text: behavioral

text: phenotypes

text: In

text: voles

text: Microtus

text: spp

text: minor

text: genetic

text: differences

text: have

text: been

text: identified

text: in

text: a

text: vasopressin

text: receptor

text: gene

text: that

text: corresponds

text: to

text: major

text: species

text: differences

text: in

text: social

text: organization

text: and

text: the

text: mating

text: system

text: Hammock

text: Young

text: Another

text: potential

text: example

text: with

text: behavioral

text: differences

text: is

text: the

text: gene

text: which

text: is

text: involved

text: in

text: neural

text: circuitry

text: handling

text: speech

text: and

text: language

text: Vargha

text: Khadem

text: et

text: al

text: Its

text: present

text: form

text: in

text: humans

text: differed

text: from

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: chimpanzees

text: by

text: only

text: a

text: few

text: mutations

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: present

text: for

text: about

text: years

text: coinciding

text: with

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: modern

text: humans

text: Enard

text: et

text: al

text: Speech

text: language

text: and

text: social

text: organization

text: are

text: all

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: emotions

question: Who researched the role of emotional phenotype temperaments on social connectedness?

answer: Kurt Kortschal

text: Kurt Kortschal

question: From where do zygotes derive their genetic information?

answer: their parental germ cells

text: their parental germ cells

question: What percentage of difference is there between the genetic material of humans and the genetic material of chimpanzees?

answer: 1.2%

question: How many million years ago did the evolution of chimpanzees and humans diverge?

answer: five

text: five

question: About how long ago did modern human beings first come into existence?

answer: 200,000 years

text: 200,000 years


text: The U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission reported its findings in January 2011. It concluded that "the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation, including the Federal Reserve’s failure to stem the tide of toxic mortgages; dramatic breakdowns in corporate governance including too many financial firms acting recklessly and taking on too much risk; an explosive mix of excessive borrowing and risk by households and Wall Street that put the financial system on a collision course with crisis; key policy makers ill prepared for the crisis, lacking a full understanding of the financial system they oversaw; and systemic breaches in accountability and ethics at all levels".

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Financial

text: Crisis

text: Inquiry

text: Commission

text: reported

text: its

text: findings

text: in

text: January

text: It

text: concluded

text: that

text: the

text: crisis

text: was

text: avoidable

text: and

text: was

text: caused

text: by

text: widespread

text: failures

text: in

text: financial

text: regulation

text: including

text: the

text: Federal

text: Reserve

text: ’s

text: failure

text: to

text: stem

text: the

text: tide

text: of

text: toxic

text: mortgages

text: dramatic

text: breakdowns

text: in

text: corporate

text: governance

text: including

text: too

text: many

text: financial

text: firms

text: acting

text: recklessly

text: and

text: taking

text: on

text: too

text: much

text: risk

text: an

text: explosive

text: mix

text: of

text: excessive

text: borrowing

text: and

text: risk

text: by

text: households

text: and

text: Wall

text: Street

text: that

text: put

text: the

text: financial

text: system

text: on

text: a

text: collision

text: course

text: with

text: crisis

text: key

text: policy

text: makers

text: ill

text: prepared

text: for

text: the

text: crisis

text: lacking

text: a

text: full

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: financial

text: system

text: they

text: oversaw

text: and

text: systemic

text: breaches

text: in

text: accountability

text: and

text: ethics

text: at

text: all

text: levels

question: When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings?

answer: January 2011

text: January 2011

question: What was one of  the conclusions of the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission regarding the financial crisis of 2007?

answer: the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation

text: the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation

question: What agency failed to stem the tide of toxic mortgages contributing to the financial crisis of 2007?

answer: Federal Reserve

text: Federal Reserve

question: Who was not prepared for the financial crisis in 2007 by lacking a full understanding of the financial system?

answer: key policy makers

text: key policy makers

question: Which business sector contributed to the financial crisis by acting recklessly and taking on too much risk?

answer: financial firms

text: financial firms


text: Mahayana Buddhism flourished in India from the 5th century CE onwards, during the dynasty of the Guptas. Mahāyāna centres of learning were established, the most important one being the Nālandā University in north-eastern India.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Mahayana

text: Buddhism

text: flourished

text: in

text: India

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: CE

text: onwards

text: during

text: the

text: dynasty

text: of

text: the

text: Guptas

text: Mahāyāna

text: centres

text: of

text: learning

text: were

text: established

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: one

text: being

text: the

text: Nālandā

text: University

text: in

text: north

text: eastern

text: India

question: What was the most important Mahayana centre of learning?

answer: Nālandā University

text: Nālandā University


text: Increasing state control over the oil sector, the RCC began a program of nationalization, starting with the expropriation of British Petroleum's share of the British Petroleum-N.B. Hunt Sahir Field in December 1971. In September 1973, it was announced that all foreign oil producers active in Libya were to be nationalized. For Gaddafi, this was an important step towards socialism. It proved an economic success; while gross domestic product had been $3.8 billion in 1969, it had risen to $13.7 billion in 1974, and $24.5 billion in 1979. In turn, the Libyans' standard of life greatly improved over the first decade of Gaddafi's administration, and by 1979 the average per-capita income was at $8,170, up from $40 in 1951; this was above the average of many industrialized countries like Italy and the U.K.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: Increasing

text: state

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: oil

text: sector

text: the

text: RCC

text: began

text: a

text: program

text: of

text: nationalization

text: starting

text: with

text: the

text: expropriation

text: of

text: British

text: Petroleum

text: 's

text: share

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Petroleum

text: N.B.

text: Hunt

text: Sahir

text: Field

text: in

text: December

text: In

text: September

text: it

text: was

text: announced

text: that

text: all

text: foreign

text: oil

text: producers

text: active

text: in

text: Libya

text: were

text: to

text: be

text: nationalized

text: For

text: Gaddafi

text: this

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: step

text: towards

text: socialism

text: It

text: proved

text: an

text: economic

text: success

text: while

text: gross

text: domestic

text: product

text: had

text: been

text: billion

text: in

text: it

text: had

text: risen

text: to

text: billion

text: in

text: and

text: billion

text: in

text: In

text: turn

text: the

text: Libyans

text: standard

text: of

text: life

text: greatly

text: improved

text: over

text: the

text: first

text: decade

text: of

text: Gaddafi

text: 's

text: administration

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: average

text: per

text: capita

text: income

text: was

text: at

text: up

text: from

text: in

text: this

text: was

text: above

text: the

text: average

text: of

text: many

text: industrialized

text: countries

text: like

text: Italy

text: and

text: the

text: U.K.

question: In 1979, how much did the average per capita income change for Libyans?

answer: by 1979 the average per-capita income was at $8,170, up from $40 in 1951

text: by 1979 the average per-capita income was at $8,170, up from $40 in 1951

question: How did Libya's gross domestic product increase from 1969 to 1979?

answer: while gross domestic product had been $3.8 billion in 1969, it had risen to $13.7 billion in 1974, and $24.5 billion in 1979.

text: while gross domestic product had been $3.8 billion in 1969, it had risen to $13.7 billion in 1974, and $24.5 billion in 1979.

question: What decision allowed Gaddafi to move Libya closer to socialism?

answer: In September 1973, it was announced that all foreign oil producers active in Libya were to be nationalized.

text: In September 1973, it was announced that all foreign oil producers active in Libya were to be nationalized.

question: How did the RCC begin their march toward nationalization?

answer: starting with the expropriation of British Petroleum's share of the British Petroleum-N.B. Hunt Sahir Field in December 1971.

text: starting with the expropriation of British Petroleum's share of the British Petroleum-N.B. Hunt Sahir Field in December 1971.

question: What company's property did Libya nationalize in December of 1971?

answer: British Petroleum

text: British Petroleum

question: In what month and year was a blanket nationalization of foreign oil production proclaimed?

answer: September 1973

text: September 1973

question: What was Libya's GDP in 1969?

answer: $3.8 billion

text: $3.8 billion

question: In what year did Libya have a GDP of $24.5 billion?

answer: 1979

question: What was Libya's per-capita income in 1951?

answer: $40


text: He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions. Attendees at Feynman's first seminar included Albert Einstein, Wolfgang Pauli, and John von Neumann. He received a PhD from Princeton in 1942; his thesis advisor was John Archibald Wheeler. Feynman's thesis applied the principle of stationary action to problems of quantum mechanics, inspired by a desire to quantize the Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory of electrodynamics, laying the groundwork for the "path integral" approach and Feynman diagrams, and was titled "The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics".

title: Richard_Feynman

title: Richard_Feynman

text: He

text: attained

text: a

text: perfect

text: score

text: on

text: the

text: graduate

text: school

text: entrance

text: exams

text: to

text: Princeton

text: University

text: in

text: mathematics

text: and

text: physics

text: an

text: unprecedented

text: feat

text: but

text: did

text: rather

text: poorly

text: on

text: the

text: history

text: and

text: English

text: portions

text: Attendees

text: at

text: Feynman

text: 's

text: first

text: seminar

text: included

text: Albert

text: Einstein

text: Wolfgang

text: Pauli

text: and

text: John

text: von

text: Neumann

text: He

text: received

text: a

text: PhD

text: from

text: Princeton

text: in

text: his

text: thesis

text: advisor

text: was

text: John

text: Archibald

text: Wheeler

text: Feynman

text: 's

text: thesis

text: applied

text: the

text: principle

text: of

text: stationary

text: action

text: to

text: problems

text: of

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: inspired

text: by

text: a

text: desire

text: to

text: quantize

text: the

text: Wheeler

text: Feynman

text: absorber

text: theory

text: of

text: electrodynamics

text: laying

text: the

text: groundwork

text: for

text: the

text: path

text: integral

text: approach

text: and

text: Feynman

text: diagrams

text: and

text: was

text: titled

text: The

text: Principle

text: of

text: Least

text: Action

text: in

text: Quantum

text: Mechanics

question: Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman excel in?

answer: mathematics and physics

text: mathematics and physics

question: Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman do poorly in?

answer: history and English

text: history and English

question: What score did Feyman receive on his math and physics entrance exams?

answer: perfect score

text: perfect score

question: When did he receive his PhD?

answer: 1942

question: What was Feynman's PhD thesis titled?

answer: The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics

text: The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics


text: The process of polonization took place over a lengthy period of time. At first only the highest members of the nobility were involved, although gradually a wider group of the population was affected. The major effects on the lesser Lithuanian nobility took place after various sanctions were imposed by the Russian Empire such as removing Lithuania from the names of the Gubernyas few years after the November Uprising. After the January Uprising the sanctions went further, and Russian officials announced that "Lithuanians are Russians seduced by Poles and Catholicism" and began to intensify russification, and to ban the printing of books in the Lithuanian language.

title: Szlachta

title: Szlachta

text: The

text: process

text: of

text: polonization

text: took

text: place

text: over

text: a

text: lengthy

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: At

text: first

text: only

text: the

text: highest

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: nobility

text: were

text: involved

text: although

text: gradually

text: a

text: wider

text: group

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: was

text: affected

text: The

text: major

text: effects

text: on

text: the

text: lesser

text: Lithuanian

text: nobility

text: took

text: place

text: after

text: various

text: sanctions

text: were

text: imposed

text: by

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: such

text: as

text: removing

text: Lithuania

text: from

text: the

text: names

text: of

text: the

text: Gubernyas

text: few

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: November

text: Uprising

text: After

text: the

text: January

text: Uprising

text: the

text: sanctions

text: went

text: further

text: and

text: Russian

text: officials

text: announced

text: that

text: Lithuanians

text: are

text: Russians

text: seduced

text: by

text: Poles

text: and

text: Catholicism

text: and

text: began

text: to

text: intensify

text: russification

text: and

text: to

text: ban

text: the

text: printing

text: of

text: books

text: in

text: the

text: Lithuanian

text: language

question: WHo was first invloved in the polonization?

answer: the highest members of the nobility

text: the highest members of the nobility

question: Who imposed various sanction on the people?

answer: Russian Empire

text: Russian Empire

question: What was an example of imposing sanctions on lithuanians?

answer: removing Lithuania from the names of the Gubernyas

text: removing Lithuania from the names of the Gubernyas

question: What did the russian officials announce as a sanction?

answer: "Lithuanians are Russians seduced by Poles and Catholicism"

text: "Lithuanians are Russians seduced by Poles and Catholicism"

question: What language was banned from printing on books?

answer: Lithuanian language.

text: Lithuanian language.


text: The Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Terrorists or "AUMF" was made law on 14 September 2001, to authorize the use of United States Armed Forces against those responsible for the attacks on 11 September 2001. It authorized the President to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on 11 September 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States by such nations, organizations or persons. Congress declares this is intended to constitute specific statutory authorization within the meaning of section 5(b) of the War Powers Resolution of 1973.

title: War_on_Terror

title: War_on_Terror

text: The

text: Authorization

text: for

text: Use

text: of

text: Military

text: Force

text: Against

text: Terrorists

text: or

text: AUMF

text: was

text: made

text: law

text: on

text: September

text: to

text: authorize

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: United

text: States

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: against

text: those

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: attacks

text: on

text: September

text: It

text: authorized

text: the

text: President

text: to

text: use

text: all

text: necessary

text: and

text: appropriate

text: force

text: against

text: those

text: nations

text: organizations

text: or

text: persons

text: he

text: determines

text: planned

text: authorized

text: committed

text: or

text: aided

text: the

text: terrorist

text: attacks

text: that

text: occurred

text: on

text: September

text: or

text: harbored

text: such

text: organizations

text: or

text: persons

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: prevent

text: any

text: future

text: acts

text: of

text: international

text: terrorism

text: against

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: by

text: such

text: nations

text: organizations

text: or

text: persons

text: Congress

text: declares

text: this

text: is

text: intended

text: to

text: constitute

text: specific

text: statutory

text: authorization

text: within

text: the

text: meaning

text: of

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: War

text: Powers

text: Resolution

text: of

question: What law was signed on Sep 14, 2001?

answer: Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Terrorists

text: Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Terrorists

question: Who did the AUMF authorize the US military attacking?

answer: those responsible for the attacks on 11 September 2001

text: those responsible for the attacks on 11 September 2001

question: What law did Congress refer to as a basic for the AUMF?

answer: section 5(b) of the War Powers Resolution

text: section 5(b) of the War Powers Resolution

question: When was the War Powers Resolution passed?

answer: 1973


text: In the traditional domain noted in RFC 1591, .org is for "organizations that didn't fit anywhere else" in the naming system, which implies that it is the proper category for non-commercial organizations if they are not governmental, educational, or one of the other types with a specific TLD. It is not designated specifically for charitable organizations or any specific organizational or tax-law status, however; it encompasses anything that is not classifiable as another category. Currently, no restrictions are enforced on registration of .com or .org, so one can find organizations of all sorts in either of these domains, as well as other top-level domains including newer, more specific ones which may apply to particular sorts of organizations such as .museum for museums or .coop for cooperatives. Organizations might also register by the appropriate country code top-level domain for their country.

title: Nonprofit_organization

title: Nonprofit_organization

text: In

text: the

text: traditional

text: domain

text: noted

text: in

text: RFC

text: .org

text: is

text: for

text: organizations

text: that

text: did

text: n't

text: fit

text: anywhere

text: else

text: in

text: the

text: naming

text: system

text: which

text: implies

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: proper

text: category

text: for

text: non

text: commercial

text: organizations

text: if

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: governmental

text: educational

text: or

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: types

text: with

text: a

text: specific

text: TLD

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: designated

text: specifically

text: for

text: charitable

text: organizations

text: or

text: any

text: specific

text: organizational

text: or

text: tax

text: law

text: status

text: however

text: it

text: encompasses

text: anything

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: classifiable

text: as

text: another

text: category

text: Currently

text: no

text: restrictions

text: are

text: enforced

text: on

text: registration

text: of

text: .com

text: or

text: .org

text: so

text: one

text: can

text: find

text: organizations

text: of

text: all

text: sorts

text: in

text: either

text: of

text: these

text: domains

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: top

text: level

text: domains

text: including

text: newer

text: more

text: specific

text: ones

text: which

text: may

text: apply

text: to

text: particular

text: sorts

text: of

text: organizations

text: such

text: as

text: .museum

text: for

text: museums

text: or

text: .coop

text: for

text: cooperatives

text: Organizations

text: might

text: also

text: register

text: by

text: the

text: appropriate

text: country

text: code

text: top

text: level

text: domain

text: for

text: their

text: country

question: What does .org on a URL mean?

answer: organizations that didn't fit anywhere else

text: organizations that didn't fit anywhere else

question: Are only NPOs allowed to use .org?

answer: not designated specifically for charitable organizations or any specific organizational or tax-law status

text: not designated specifically for charitable organizations or any specific organizational or tax-law status

question: What is included in the list of organizations allowed to use .org?

answer: encompasses anything that is not classifiable as another category

text: encompasses anything that is not classifiable as another category

question: Is there an agency that decides if someone is using the domain designation incorrectly?

answer: Currently, no restrictions are enforced on registration of .com or .org

text: Currently, no restrictions are enforced on registration of .com or .org

question: What new domain designation should a museum use?

answer: .museum

text: .museum


text: The Scottish philosopher David Hume (1711–1776) responded to Berkeley's criticisms of Locke, as well as other differences between early modern philosophers, and moved empiricism to a new level of skepticism. Hume argued in keeping with the empiricist view that all knowledge derives from sense experience, but he accepted that this has implications not normally acceptable to philosophers. He wrote for example, "Locke divides all arguments into demonstrative and probable. On this view, we must say that it is only probable that all men must die or that the sun will rise to-morrow, because neither of these can be demonstrated. But to conform our language more to common use, we ought to divide arguments into demonstrations, proofs, and probabilities—by ‘proofs’ meaning arguments from experience that leave no room for doubt or opposition." And,

title: Empiricism

title: Empiricism

text: The

text: Scottish

text: philosopher

text: David

text: Hume

text: responded

text: to

text: Berkeley

text: 's

text: criticisms

text: of

text: Locke

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: differences

text: between

text: early

text: modern

text: philosophers

text: and

text: moved

text: empiricism

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: level

text: of

text: skepticism

text: Hume

text: argued

text: in

text: keeping

text: with

text: the

text: empiricist

text: view

text: that

text: all

text: knowledge

text: derives

text: from

text: sense

text: experience

text: but

text: he

text: accepted

text: that

text: this

text: has

text: implications

text: not

text: normally

text: acceptable

text: to

text: philosophers

text: He

text: wrote

text: for

text: example

text: Locke

text: divides

text: all

text: arguments

text: into

text: demonstrative

text: and

text: probable

text: On

text: this

text: view

text: we

text: must

text: say

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: only

text: probable

text: that

text: all

text: men

text: must

text: die

text: or

text: that

text: the

text: sun

text: will

text: rise

text: to

text: morrow

text: because

text: neither

text: of

text: these

text: can

text: be

text: demonstrated

text: But

text: to

text: conform

text: our

text: language

text: more

text: to

text: common

text: use

text: we

text: ought

text: to

text: divide

text: arguments

text: into

text: demonstrations

text: proofs

text: and

text: probabilities

text: by

text: proofs’

text: meaning

text: arguments

text: from

text: experience

text: that

text: leave

text: no

text: room

text: for

text: doubt

text: or

text: opposition

text: And

question: What did Hume bring to empiricism?

answer: a new level of skepticism

text: a new level of skepticism

question: What was Hume's nationality?

answer: Scottish

text: Scottish

question: What two types of arguments did Locke say there are?

answer: demonstrative and probable

text: demonstrative and probable

question: When did Hume die?

answer: 1776

question: When was Hume born?

answer: 1711


text: Definitions vary on the precise boundaries of the Appalachians. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) defines the Appalachian Highlands physiographic division as consisting of thirteen provinces: the Atlantic Coast Uplands, Eastern Newfoundland Atlantic, Maritime Acadian Highlands, Maritime Plain, Notre Dame and Mégantic Mountains, Western Newfoundland Mountains, Piedmont, Blue Ridge, Valley and Ridge, Saint Lawrence Valley, Appalachian Plateaus, New England province, and the Adirondack provinces. A common variant definition does not include the Adirondack Mountains, which geologically belong to the Grenville Orogeny and have a different geological history from the rest of the Appalachians.

title: Appalachian_Mountains

title: Appalachian_Mountains

text: Definitions

text: vary

text: on

text: the

text: precise

text: boundaries

text: of

text: the

text: Appalachians

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: Geological

text: Survey

text: USGS

text: defines

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Highlands

text: physiographic

text: division

text: as

text: consisting

text: of

text: thirteen

text: provinces

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Coast

text: Uplands

text: Eastern

text: Newfoundland

text: Atlantic

text: Maritime

text: Acadian

text: Highlands

text: Maritime

text: Plain

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: and

text: Mégantic

text: Mountains

text: Western

text: Newfoundland

text: Mountains

text: Piedmont

text: Blue

text: Ridge

text: Valley

text: and

text: Ridge

text: Saint

text: Lawrence

text: Valley

text: Appalachian

text: Plateaus

text: New

text: England

text: province

text: and

text: the

text: Adirondack

text: provinces

text: A

text: common

text: variant

text: definition

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: the

text: Adirondack

text: Mountains

text: which

text: geologically

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: Grenville

text: Orogeny

text: and

text: have

text: a

text: different

text: geological

text: history

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: Appalachians

question: How many provinces are in the mountain range?

answer: thirteen provinces

text: thirteen provinces

question: What is one of the provinces?

answer: the Atlantic Coast Uplands

text: the Atlantic Coast Uplands

question: Which province is often left out?

answer: the Adirondack provinces

text: the Adirondack provinces

question: What set of mountains in the range have a different geological history?

answer: the Adirondack Mountains

text: the Adirondack Mountains


text: Lower Manhattan is the third-largest central business district in the United States and is home to the New York Stock Exchange, on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall average daily trading volume and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. Investment banking fees on Wall Street totaled approximately $40 billion in 2012, while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as $324,000 annually. In fiscal year 2013–14, Wall Street's securities industry generated 19% of New York State's tax revenue. New York City remains the largest global center for trading in public equity and debt capital markets, driven in part by the size and financial development of the U.S. economy.:31–32 In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association. New York also leads in hedge fund management; private equity; and the monetary volume of mergers and acquisitions. Several investment banks and investment mangers headquartered in Manhattan are important participants in other global financial centers.:34–35 New York is also the principal commercial banking center of the United States.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Lower

text: Manhattan

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: on

text: Wall

text: Street

text: and

text: the

text: NASDAQ

text: at

text: Broadway

text: representing

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: and

text: second

text: largest

text: stock

text: exchanges

text: respectively

text: when

text: measured

text: both

text: by

text: overall

text: average

text: daily

text: trading

text: volume

text: and

text: by

text: total

text: market

text: capitalization

text: of

text: their

text: listed

text: companies

text: in

text: Investment

text: banking

text: fees

text: on

text: Wall

text: Street

text: totaled

text: approximately

text: billion

text: in

text: while

text: in

text: senior

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: bank

text: officers

text: who

text: manage

text: risk

text: and

text: compliance

text: functions

text: earned

text: as

text: much

text: as

text: annually

text: In

text: fiscal

text: year

text: Wall

text: Street

text: 's

text: securities

text: industry

text: generated

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: State

text: 's

text: tax

text: revenue

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: remains

text: the

text: largest

text: global

text: center

text: for

text: trading

text: in

text: public

text: equity

text: and

text: debt

text: capital

text: markets

text: driven

text: in

text: part

text: by

text: the

text: size

text: and

text: financial

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: In

text: July

text: NYSE

text: Euronext

text: the

text: operator

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: took

text: over

text: the

text: administration

text: of

text: the

text: London

text: interbank

text: offered

text: rate

text: from

text: the

text: British

text: Bankers

text: Association

text: New

text: York

text: also

text: leads

text: in

text: hedge

text: fund

text: management

text: private

text: equity

text: and

text: the

text: monetary

text: volume

text: of

text: mergers

text: and

text: acquisitions

text: Several

text: investment

text: banks

text: and

text: investment

text: mangers

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Manhattan

text: are

text: important

text: participants

text: in

text: other

text: global

text: financial

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: principal

text: commercial

text: banking

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: On what street is the New York Stock Exchange headquartered?

answer: Wall Street

text: Wall Street

question: What is the street address of NASDAQ?

answer: 165 Broadway

text: 165 Broadway

question: In 2012, how many investment banking fees were paid out to Wall Street?

answer: $40 billion

text: $40 billion

question: In 2013-4, what percentage of New York state tax revenues came from the securities business on Wall Street?

answer: 19%

question: Who was the previous overseer of the London interbank offered rate?

answer: British Bankers Association

text: British Bankers Association

question: The New York Stock exchange is located where in NYC?

answer: Wall Street

text: Wall Street

question: The NASDAQ is located on what street in NYC?

answer: 165 Broadway

text: 165 Broadway


text: Modified radicals and new variants are two common reasons for the ever-increasing number of characters. There are about 300 radicals and 100 are in common use. Creating a new character by modifying the radical is an easy way to disambiguate homographs among xíngshēngzì pictophonetic compounds. This practice began long before the standardization of Chinese script by Qin Shi Huang and continues to the present day. The traditional 3rd-person pronoun tā (他 "he, she, it"), which is written with the "person radical", illustrates modifying significs to form new characters. In modern usage, there is a graphic distinction between tā (她 "she") with the "woman radical", tā (牠 "it") with the "animal radical", tā (它 "it") with the "roof radical", and tā (祂 "He") with the "deity radical", One consequence of modifying radicals is the fossilization of rare and obscure variant logographs, some of which are not even used in Classical Chinese. For instance, he 和 "harmony, peace", which combines the "grain radical" with the "mouth radical", has infrequent variants 咊 with the radicals reversed and 龢 with the "flute radical".

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: Modified

text: radicals

text: and

text: new

text: variants

text: are

text: two

text: common

text: reasons

text: for

text: the

text: ever

text: increasing

text: number

text: of

text: characters

text: There

text: are

text: about

text: radicals

text: and

text: are

text: in

text: common

text: use

text: Creating

text: a

text: new

text: character

text: by

text: modifying

text: the

text: radical

text: is

text: an

text: easy

text: way

text: to

text: disambiguate

text: homographs

text: among

text: xíngshēngzì

text: pictophonetic

text: compounds

text: This

text: practice

text: began

text: long

text: before

text: the

text: standardization

text: of

text: Chinese

text: script

text: by

text: Qin

text: Shi

text: Huang

text: and

text: continues

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: The

text: traditional

text: person

text: pronoun

text: tā

text: 他

text: he

text: she

text: it

text: which

text: is

text: written

text: with

text: the

text: person

text: radical

text: illustrates

text: modifying

text: significs

text: to

text: form

text: new

text: characters

text: In

text: modern

text: usage

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: graphic

text: distinction

text: between

text: tā

text: 她

text: she

text: with

text: the

text: woman

text: radical

text: tā

text: 牠

text: it

text: with

text: the

text: animal

text: radical

text: tā

text: 它

text: it

text: with

text: the

text: roof

text: radical

text: and

text: tā

text: 祂

text: He

text: with

text: the

text: deity

text: radical

text: One

text: consequence

text: of

text: modifying

text: radicals

text: is

text: the

text: fossilization

text: of

text: rare

text: and

text: obscure

text: variant

text: logographs

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: not

text: even

text: used

text: in

text: Classical

text: Chinese

text: For

text: instance

text: he

text: 和

text: harmony

text: peace

text: which

text: combines

text: the

text: grain

text: radical

text: with

text: the

text: mouth

text: radical

text: has

text: infrequent

text: variants

text: 咊

text: with

text: the

text: radicals

text: reversed

text: and

text: 龢

text: with

text: the

text: flute

text: radical

question: What is written in modern usage?

answer: new characters

text: new characters

question: What is one consequence of modifying radicals?

answer: fossilization

text: fossilization

question: What combines "grain radical" with the "mouth radical"?

answer: "harmony, peace"

text: "harmony, peace"


text: John von Neumann (/vɒn ˈnɔɪmən/; Hungarian: Neumann János Lajos, pronounced [ˈnɒjmɒn ˈjaːnoʃ ˈlɒjoʃ]; December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957) was a Hungarian-American pure and applied mathematician, physicist, inventor, computer scientist, and polymath. He made major contributions to a number of fields, including mathematics (foundations of mathematics, functional analysis, ergodic theory, geometry, topology, and numerical analysis), physics (quantum mechanics, hydrodynamics, fluid dynamics and quantum statistical mechanics), economics (game theory), computing (Von Neumann architecture, linear programming, self-replicating machines, stochastic computing), and statistics.

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: John

text: von

text: Neumann

text: /vɒn

text: ˈnɔɪmən/

text: Hungarian

text: Neumann

text: János

text: Lajos

text: pronounced

text: ˈnɒjmɒn

text: ˈjaːnoʃ

text: ˈlɒjoʃ

text: December

text: February

text: was

text: a

text: Hungarian

text: American

text: pure

text: and

text: applied

text: mathematician

text: physicist

text: inventor

text: computer

text: scientist

text: and

text: polymath

text: He

text: made

text: major

text: contributions

text: to

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: fields

text: including

text: mathematics

text: foundations

text: of

text: mathematics

text: functional

text: analysis

text: ergodic

text: theory

text: geometry

text: topology

text: and

text: numerical

text: analysis

text: physics

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: hydrodynamics

text: fluid

text: dynamics

text: and

text: quantum

text: statistical

text: mechanics

text: economics

text: game

text: theory

text: computing

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: architecture

text: linear

text: programming

text: self

text: replicating

text: machines

text: stochastic

text: computing

text: and

text: statistics

question: What is John von Neumann's nationality?

answer: Hungarian

text: Hungarian

question: When was John von Neumann born?

answer: December 28, 1903

text: December 28, 1903

question: When did John von Neumann die?

answer: February 8, 1957

text: February 8, 1957

question: What was John von Neumann's major contribution to economics?

answer: game theory

text: game theory

question: What computing structure is named after John von Neumann?

answer: Von Neumann architecture

text: Von Neumann architecture

question: What was the birth date of John Von Neumann?

answer: December 28, 1903

text: December 28, 1903

question: When did John Von Neuman die?

answer: February 8, 1957

text: February 8, 1957

question: What were the occupations that Von Neuman held?

answer: pure and applied mathematician, physicist, inventor, computer scientist, and polymath

text: pure and applied mathematician, physicist, inventor, computer scientist, and polymath

question: What were Von Neuman's contributions to the field of computing?

answer: Von Neumann architecture, linear programming, self-replicating machines, stochastic computing

text: Von Neumann architecture, linear programming, self-replicating machines, stochastic computing


text: The most common symptom of LED (and diode laser) failure is the gradual lowering of light output and loss of efficiency. Sudden failures, although rare, can also occur. Early red LEDs were notable for their short service life. With the development of high-power LEDs the devices are subjected to higher junction temperatures and higher current densities than traditional devices. This causes stress on the material and may cause early light-output degradation. To quantitatively classify useful lifetime in a standardized manner it has been suggested to use L70 or L50, which are the runtimes (typically given in thousands of hours) at which a given LED reaches 70% and 50% of initial light output, respectively.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: symptom

text: of

text: LED

text: and

text: diode

text: laser

text: failure

text: is

text: the

text: gradual

text: lowering

text: of

text: light

text: output

text: and

text: loss

text: of

text: efficiency

text: Sudden

text: failures

text: although

text: rare

text: can

text: also

text: occur

text: Early

text: red

text: LEDs

text: were

text: notable

text: for

text: their

text: short

text: service

text: life

text: With

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: high

text: power

text: LEDs

text: the

text: devices

text: are

text: subjected

text: to

text: higher

text: junction

text: temperatures

text: and

text: higher

text: current

text: densities

text: than

text: traditional

text: devices

text: This

text: causes

text: stress

text: on

text: the

text: material

text: and

text: may

text: cause

text: early

text: light

text: output

text: degradation

text: To

text: quantitatively

text: classify

text: useful

text: lifetime

text: in

text: a

text: standardized

text: manner

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: suggested

text: to

text: use

text: or

text: which

text: are

text: the

text: runtimes

text: typically

text: given

text: in

text: thousands

text: of

text: hours

text: at

text: which

text: a

text: given

text: LED

text: reaches

text: and

text: of

text: initial

text: light

text: output

text: respectively

question: What is a symptom of LED failure?

answer: loss of efficiency

text: loss of efficiency

question: What is rare in LED lighting?

answer: Sudden failures

text: Sudden failures

question: What was notable in early red LEDs?

answer: their short service life

text: their short service life

question: What could cause early light-output degradation in LEDs?

answer: higher junction temperatures

text: higher junction temperatures

question: What is a classification used in LED lighting to describe how much usefulness it will receive?

answer: L70 or L50

text: L70 or L50


text: Production industry constitutes a small part of the economy of Utrecht. The economy of Utrecht depends for a large part on the several large institutions located in the city. It is the centre of the Dutch railroad network and the location of the head office of Nederlandse Spoorwegen. ProRail is headquartered in The De Inktpot (nl) (The Inkpot) – the largest brick building in the Netherlands (the "UFO" featured on its façade stems from an art program in 2000). Rabobank, a large bank, has its headquarters in Utrecht.

title: Utrecht

title: Utrecht

text: Production

text: industry

text: constitutes

text: a

text: small

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: economy

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: The

text: economy

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: depends

text: for

text: a

text: large

text: part

text: on

text: the

text: several

text: large

text: institutions

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Dutch

text: railroad

text: network

text: and

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: the

text: head

text: office

text: of

text: Nederlandse

text: Spoorwegen

text: ProRail

text: is

text: headquartered

text: in

text: The

text: De

text: Inktpot

text: nl

text: The

text: Inkpot

text: the

text: largest

text: brick

text: building

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: the

text: UFO

text: featured

text: on

text: its

text: façade

text: stems

text: from

text: an

text: art

text: program

text: in

text: Rabobank

text: a

text: large

text: bank

text: has

text: its

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Utrecht

question: What does Utrecht's economy  depend on

answer: The economy of Utrecht depends for a large part on the several large institutions located in the city

text: The economy of Utrecht depends for a large part on the several large institutions located in the city

question: what is centered in Utrecht

answer: It is the centre of the Dutch railroad network and the location of the head office of Nederlandse Spoorwegen

text: It is the centre of the Dutch railroad network and the location of the head office of Nederlandse Spoorwegen

question: What bank is head quartered in Utrecht

answer: Rabobank, a large bank, has its headquarters in Utrecht.

text: Rabobank, a large bank, has its headquarters in Utrecht.


text: The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. Yellow glass with 1% uranium oxide was found in a Roman villa on Cape Posillipo in the Bay of Naples, Italy, by R. T. Gunther of the University of Oxford in 1912. Starting in the late Middle Ages, pitchblende was extracted from the Habsburg silver mines in Joachimsthal, Bohemia (now Jáchymov in the Czech Republic), and was used as a coloring agent in the local glassmaking industry. In the early 19th century, the world's only known sources of uranium ore were these mines.

title: Uranium

title: Uranium

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: uranium

text: in

text: its

text: natural

text: oxide

text: form

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: year

text: CE

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: add

text: a

text: yellow

text: color

text: to

text: ceramic

text: glazes

text: Yellow

text: glass

text: with

text: uranium

text: oxide

text: was

text: found

text: in

text: a

text: Roman

text: villa

text: on

text: Cape

text: Posillipo

text: in

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Naples

text: Italy

text: by

text: R.

text: T.

text: Gunther

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Oxford

text: in

text: Starting

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: pitchblende

text: was

text: extracted

text: from

text: the

text: Habsburg

text: silver

text: mines

text: in

text: Joachimsthal

text: Bohemia

text: now

text: Jáchymov

text: in

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: and

text: was

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: coloring

text: agent

text: in

text: the

text: local

text: glassmaking

text: industry

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: only

text: known

text: sources

text: of

text: uranium

text: ore

text: were

text: these

text: mines

question: What was the earliest year in recorded history that uranium oxide was used?

answer: 79 CE

text: 79 CE

question: In what county was glass with uranium oxide content found?

answer: Italy

text: Italy

question: What color of ceramic glaze was extracted from uranium oxide?

answer: yellow

text: yellow

question: In what year was yellow uranium oxide glass discovered?

answer: 1912

question: What institution did R.T. Gunther belong to?

answer: the University of Oxford

text: the University of Oxford


text: It has been revealed that Southampton has the worst behaved secondary schools within the UK. With suspension rates three times the national average, the suspension rate is approximately 1 in every 14 children, the highest in the country for physical or verbal assaults against staff.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: revealed

text: that

text: Southampton

text: has

text: the

text: worst

text: behaved

text: secondary

text: schools

text: within

text: the

text: UK

text: With

text: suspension

text: rates

text: three

text: times

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: the

text: suspension

text: rate

text: is

text: approximately

text: in

text: every

text: children

text: the

text: highest

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: for

text: physical

text: or

text: verbal

text: assaults

text: against

text: staff

question: Which level of schools in Southampton are the worst behaved in the UK?

answer: secondary

text: secondary

question: How many times the national average are the suspension rates at Southampton's secondary schools?

answer: three

text: three

question: Out of about every 14 students, how many will be suspended from school?

answer: 1

question: In addition to physical attacks, what other kind of assault do Southampton's students commit against staff more than anywhere else in the country?

answer: verbal

text: verbal


text: The plains at the foot of the Sierra Madre Occidental is an elongated mesa known as Altiplanicie Mexicana that exhibits a steppe climate and serves as a transition zone from the mountain climate in the western part of the state to the desert climate in the eastern side of the state. The steppe zone accounts for a third of the state's area, and it experiences pronounced dry and wet seasons. The pronounced rainy season in the steppe is usually observed in the months of July, August, and September. The steppe also encounters extreme temperatures that often reach over 100 °F in the summer and drop below 32 °F in the winter. The steppe zone is an important agriculture zone due to an extensive development of canals exploiting several rivers that flow down from the mountains. The steppe zone is the most populated area of the state.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: The

text: plains

text: at

text: the

text: foot

text: of

text: the

text: Sierra

text: Madre

text: Occidental

text: is

text: an

text: elongated

text: mesa

text: known

text: as

text: Altiplanicie

text: Mexicana

text: that

text: exhibits

text: a

text: steppe

text: climate

text: and

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: transition

text: zone

text: from

text: the

text: mountain

text: climate

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: to

text: the

text: desert

text: climate

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: The

text: steppe

text: zone

text: accounts

text: for

text: a

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: area

text: and

text: it

text: experiences

text: pronounced

text: dry

text: and

text: wet

text: seasons

text: The

text: pronounced

text: rainy

text: season

text: in

text: the

text: steppe

text: is

text: usually

text: observed

text: in

text: the

text: months

text: of

text: July

text: August

text: and

text: September

text: The

text: steppe

text: also

text: encounters

text: extreme

text: temperatures

text: that

text: often

text: reach

text: over

text: F

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: and

text: drop

text: below

text: F

text: in

text: the

text: winter

text: The

text: steppe

text: zone

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: agriculture

text: zone

text: due

text: to

text: an

text: extensive

text: development

text: of

text: canals

text: exploiting

text: several

text: rivers

text: that

text: flow

text: down

text: from

text: the

text: mountains

text: The

text: steppe

text: zone

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populated

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: state

question: Which months make up the pronounced rainy season in the steppe?

answer: July, August, and September

text: July, August, and September

question: The steppe reaches temperatures above what in the winter?

answer: 100 °F

text: 100 °F

question: The steppe is important agriculturally because of what feature?

answer: canals

text: canals

question: The mountain climate is found in which part of the state?

answer: western

text: western


text: In 2006, the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. was restructured and renamed New York City Global Partners. New York City has expanded its international outreach via this program to a network of cities worldwide, promoting the exchange of ideas and innovation between their citizenry and policymakers, according to the city's website. New York's historic sister cities are denoted below by the year they joined New York City's partnership network.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: In

text: the

text: Sister

text: City

text: Program

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: Inc.

text: was

text: restructured

text: and

text: renamed

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Global

text: Partners

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: has

text: expanded

text: its

text: international

text: outreach

text: via

text: this

text: program

text: to

text: a

text: network

text: of

text: cities

text: worldwide

text: promoting

text: the

text: exchange

text: of

text: ideas

text: and

text: innovation

text: between

text: their

text: citizenry

text: and

text: policymakers

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: website

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: historic

text: sister

text: cities

text: are

text: denoted

text: below

text: by

text: the

text: year

text: they

text: joined

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: 's

text: partnership

text: network

question: What is the new name of the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc.?

answer: New York City Global Partners

text: New York City Global Partners

question: In what year did the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. have its name changed?

answer: 2006


text: In November 2013, Somalia received its first fiber optic connection. The country previously had to rely on expensive satellite links due to the civil conflict, which limited internet usage. However, residents now have access to broadband internet cable for the first time after an agreement reached between Hormuud Telecom and Liquid Telecom. The deal will see Liquid Telecom link Hormuud to its 17,000 km (10,500 mile) network of terrestrial cables, which will deliver faster internet capacity. The fiber optic connection will also make online access more affordable to the average user. This in turn is expected to further increase the number of internet users. Dalkom Somalia reached a similar agreement with the West Indian Ocean Cable Company (WIOCC) Ltd, which it holds shares in. Effective the first quarter of 2014, the deal will establish fiber optic connectivity to and from Somalia via the EASSy cable. The new services are expected to reduce the cost of international bandwidth and to better optimize performance, thereby further broadening internet access. Dalkom Somalia is concurrently constructing a 1,000 square mile state-of-the-art data center in Mogadishu. The site will facilitate direct connection into the international fiber optic network by hosting equipment for all of the capital's ISPs and telecommunication companies.

title: Communications_in_Somalia

title: Communications_in_Somalia

text: In

text: November

text: Somalia

text: received

text: its

text: first

text: fiber

text: optic

text: connection

text: The

text: country

text: previously

text: had

text: to

text: rely

text: on

text: expensive

text: satellite

text: links

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: civil

text: conflict

text: which

text: limited

text: internet

text: usage

text: However

text: residents

text: now

text: have

text: access

text: to

text: broadband

text: internet

text: cable

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: after

text: an

text: agreement

text: reached

text: between

text: Hormuud

text: Telecom

text: and

text: Liquid

text: Telecom

text: The

text: deal

text: will

text: see

text: Liquid

text: Telecom

text: link

text: Hormuud

text: to

text: its

text: km

text: mile

text: network

text: of

text: terrestrial

text: cables

text: which

text: will

text: deliver

text: faster

text: internet

text: capacity

text: The

text: fiber

text: optic

text: connection

text: will

text: also

text: make

text: online

text: access

text: more

text: affordable

text: to

text: the

text: average

text: user

text: This

text: in

text: turn

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: further

text: increase

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: internet

text: users

text: Dalkom

text: Somalia

text: reached

text: a

text: similar

text: agreement

text: with

text: the

text: West

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: Cable

text: Company

text: WIOCC

text: Ltd

text: which

text: it

text: holds

text: shares

text: in

text: Effective

text: the

text: first

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: deal

text: will

text: establish

text: fiber

text: optic

text: connectivity

text: to

text: and

text: from

text: Somalia

text: via

text: the

text: EASSy

text: cable

text: The

text: new

text: services

text: are

text: expected

text: to

text: reduce

text: the

text: cost

text: of

text: international

text: bandwidth

text: and

text: to

text: better

text: optimize

text: performance

text: thereby

text: further

text: broadening

text: internet

text: access

text: Dalkom

text: Somalia

text: is

text: concurrently

text: constructing

text: a

text: square

text: mile

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: art

text: data

text: center

text: in

text: Mogadishu

text: The

text: site

text: will

text: facilitate

text: direct

text: connection

text: into

text: the

text: international

text: fiber

text: optic

text: network

text: by

text: hosting

text: equipment

text: for

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: capital

text: 's

text: ISPs

text: and

text: telecommunication

text: companies

question: What year did Somalia receive its first fiber optic connection?

answer: 2013

question: in 2013, an agreement between Hormuud Telecom and Liquid Telecom provided residents access to what type of cable provider?

answer: broadband

text: broadband

question: How many miles long is Liquid Telecoms Network?

answer: 10,500 mile

text: 10,500 mile

question: How will the fiber optic connection impact the price for online access for the average user?

answer: more affordable

text: more affordable

question: Where is Dalcom Somalia currently building a 1000 square mile data center?

answer: Mogadishu

text: Mogadishu


text: Windows 8 introduces a new style of application, Windows Store apps. According to Microsoft developer Jensen Harris, these apps are to be optimized for touchscreen environments and are more specialized than current desktop applications. Apps can run either in a full-screen mode, or be snapped to the side of a screen. Apps can provide toast notifications on screen or animate their tiles on the Start screen with dynamic content. Apps can use "contracts"; a collection of hooks to provide common functionality that can integrate with other apps, including search and sharing. Apps can also provide integration with other services; for example, the People app can connect to a variety of different social networks and services (such as Facebook, Skype, and People service), while the Photos app can aggregate photos from services such as Facebook and Flickr.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: Windows

text: introduces

text: a

text: new

text: style

text: of

text: application

text: Windows

text: Store

text: apps

text: According

text: to

text: Microsoft

text: developer

text: Jensen

text: Harris

text: these

text: apps

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: optimized

text: for

text: touchscreen

text: environments

text: and

text: are

text: more

text: specialized

text: than

text: current

text: desktop

text: applications

text: Apps

text: can

text: run

text: either

text: in

text: a

text: full

text: screen

text: mode

text: or

text: be

text: snapped

text: to

text: the

text: side

text: of

text: a

text: screen

text: Apps

text: can

text: provide

text: toast

text: notifications

text: on

text: screen

text: or

text: animate

text: their

text: tiles

text: on

text: the

text: Start

text: screen

text: with

text: dynamic

text: content

text: Apps

text: can

text: use

text: contracts

text: a

text: collection

text: of

text: hooks

text: to

text: provide

text: common

text: functionality

text: that

text: can

text: integrate

text: with

text: other

text: apps

text: including

text: search

text: and

text: sharing

text: Apps

text: can

text: also

text: provide

text: integration

text: with

text: other

text: services

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: People

text: app

text: can

text: connect

text: to

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: different

text: social

text: networks

text: and

text: services

text: such

text: as

text: Facebook

text: Skype

text: and

text: People

text: service

text: while

text: the

text: Photos

text: app

text: can

text: aggregate

text: photos

text: from

text: services

text: such

text: as

text: Facebook

text: and

text: Flickr

question: Who is Jensen Harris?

answer: Microsoft developer

text: Microsoft developer

question: What apps can one expect the People app to match with?

answer: Facebook, Skype, and People service

text: Facebook, Skype, and People service

question: What apps can one expect the Photos app to match with?

answer: Facebook and Flickr

text: Facebook and Flickr

question: What makes Windows Store apps unique?

answer: apps are to be optimized for touchscreen environments and are more specialized than current desktop applications.

text: apps are to be optimized for touchscreen environments and are more specialized than current desktop applications.

question: What are contracts?

answer: collection of hooks to provide common functionality that can integrate with other apps

text: collection of hooks to provide common functionality that can integrate with other apps


text: H2 is a product of some types of anaerobic metabolism and is produced by several microorganisms, usually via reactions catalyzed by iron- or nickel-containing enzymes called hydrogenases. These enzymes catalyze the reversible redox reaction between H2 and its component two protons and two electrons. Creation of hydrogen gas occurs in the transfer of reducing equivalents produced during pyruvate fermentation to water. The natural cycle of hydrogen production and consumption by organisms is called the hydrogen cycle.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: is

text: a

text: product

text: of

text: some

text: types

text: of

text: anaerobic

text: metabolism

text: and

text: is

text: produced

text: by

text: several

text: microorganisms

text: usually

text: via

text: reactions

text: catalyzed

text: by

text: iron-

text: or

text: nickel

text: containing

text: enzymes

text: called

text: hydrogenases

text: These

text: enzymes

text: catalyze

text: the

text: reversible

text: redox

text: reaction

text: between

text: and

text: its

text: component

text: two

text: protons

text: and

text: two

text: electrons

text: Creation

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: gas

text: occurs

text: in

text: the

text: transfer

text: of

text: reducing

text: equivalents

text: produced

text: during

text: pyruvate

text: fermentation

text: to

text: water

text: The

text: natural

text: cycle

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: production

text: and

text: consumption

text: by

text: organisms

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: hydrogen

text: cycle

question: What enzymes are used to produce H2?

answer: hydrogenases

text: hydrogenases

question: When does hydrogen gas occur?

answer: in the transfer of reducing equivalents produced during pyruvate fermentation to water

text: in the transfer of reducing equivalents produced during pyruvate fermentation to water

question: What is the natural cycle of hydrogen production and consumption by organisms called?

answer: hydrogen cycle

text: hydrogen cycle


text: While Knickebein was used by German crews en masse, X-Gerät use was limited to specially trained pathfinder crews. Special receivers were mounted in He 111s, with a radio mast on the bomber's fuselage. The system worked on a higher frequency (66–77 MHz, compared to Knickebein's 30–33 MHz). Transmitters on the ground sent pulses at a rate of 180 per minute. X-Gerät received and analysed the pulses, giving the pilot both visual and aural "on course" signals. Three beams intersected the beam along the He 111's flight path. The first cross-beam acted as a warning for the bomb-aimer to start the bombing-clock which he would activate only when the second cross-beam was reached. When the third cross-beam was reached the bomb aimer activated a third trigger, which stopped the first hand of the equipment's clock, with the second hand continuing. When the second hand re-aligned with the first, the bombs were released. The clock's timing mechanism was co-ordinated with the distances of the intersecting beams from the target so the target was directly below when the bomb release occurred.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: While

text: Knickebein

text: was

text: used

text: by

text: German

text: crews

text: en

text: masse

text: X

text: Gerät

text: use

text: was

text: limited

text: to

text: specially

text: trained

text: pathfinder

text: crews

text: Special

text: receivers

text: were

text: mounted

text: in

text: He

text: with

text: a

text: radio

text: mast

text: on

text: the

text: bomber

text: 's

text: fuselage

text: The

text: system

text: worked

text: on

text: a

text: higher

text: frequency

text: MHz

text: compared

text: to

text: Knickebein

text: 's

text: MHz

text: Transmitters

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: sent

text: pulses

text: at

text: a

text: rate

text: of

text: per

text: minute

text: X

text: Gerät

text: received

text: and

text: analysed

text: the

text: pulses

text: giving

text: the

text: pilot

text: both

text: visual

text: and

text: aural

text: on

text: course

text: signals

text: Three

text: beams

text: intersected

text: the

text: beam

text: along

text: the

text: He

text: 's

text: flight

text: path

text: The

text: first

text: cross

text: beam

text: acted

text: as

text: a

text: warning

text: for

text: the

text: bomb

text: aimer

text: to

text: start

text: the

text: bombing

text: clock

text: which

text: he

text: would

text: activate

text: only

text: when

text: the

text: second

text: cross

text: beam

text: was

text: reached

text: When

text: the

text: third

text: cross

text: beam

text: was

text: reached

text: the

text: bomb

text: aimer

text: activated

text: a

text: third

text: trigger

text: which

text: stopped

text: the

text: first

text: hand

text: of

text: the

text: equipment

text: 's

text: clock

text: with

text: the

text: second

text: hand

text: continuing

text: When

text: the

text: second

text: hand

text: re

text: aligned

text: with

text: the

text: first

text: the

text: bombs

text: were

text: released

text: The

text: clock

text: 's

text: timing

text: mechanism

text: was

text: co

text: ordinated

text: with

text: the

text: distances

text: of

text: the

text: intersecting

text: beams

text: from

text: the

text: target

text: so

text: the

text: target

text: was

text: directly

text: below

text: when

text: the

text: bomb

text: release

text: occurred

question: While Knickebein was used my most German crews who used the X-Gerat system?

answer: specially trained pathfinder crews

text: specially trained pathfinder crews

question: What frequency did the X-Gerat system use?

answer: 66–77 MHz

text: 66–77 MHz

question: What rate per minute did ground transmitters send?

answer: 180

question: When the bomber crossed the first beam the bomber-aimer did what?

answer: start the bombing-clock

text: start the bombing-clock

question: What mechanism cause the bombs to be released?

answer: clock's timing

text: clock's timing


text: Some research suggests that "[f]or some [people] the focus of sexual interest will shift at various points through the life span..." "There... [was, as of 1995,] essentially no research on the longitudinal stability of sexual orientation over the adult life span... It [was]... still an unanswered question whether... [the] measure [of 'the complex components of sexual orientation as differentiated from other aspects of sexual identity at one point in time'] will predict future behavior or orientation. Certainly, it is... not a good predictor of past behavior and self-identity, given the developmental process common to most gay men and lesbians (i.e., denial of homosexual interests and heterosexual experimentation prior to the coming-out process)." Some studies report that "[a number of] lesbian women, and some heterosexual women as well, perceive choice as an important element in their sexual orientations."

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: Some

text: research

text: suggests

text: that

text: f]or

text: some

text: people

text: the

text: focus

text: of

text: sexual

text: interest

text: will

text: shift

text: at

text: various

text: points

text: through

text: the

text: life

text: span

text: There

text: was

text: as

text: of

text: essentially

text: no

text: research

text: on

text: the

text: longitudinal

text: stability

text: of

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: over

text: the

text: adult

text: life

text: span

text: It

text: was

text: still

text: an

text: unanswered

text: question

text: whether

text: the

text: measure

text: of

text: the

text: complex

text: components

text: of

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: as

text: differentiated

text: from

text: other

text: aspects

text: of

text: sexual

text: identity

text: at

text: one

text: point

text: in

text: time

text: will

text: predict

text: future

text: behavior

text: or

text: orientation

text: Certainly

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: good

text: predictor

text: of

text: past

text: behavior

text: and

text: self

text: identity

text: given

text: the

text: developmental

text: process

text: common

text: to

text: most

text: gay

text: men

text: and

text: lesbians

text: i.e.

text: denial

text: of

text: homosexual

text: interests

text: and

text: heterosexual

text: experimentation

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: coming

text: out

text: process

text: Some

text: studies

text: report

text: that

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: lesbian

text: women

text: and

text: some

text: heterosexual

text: women

text: as

text: well

text: perceive

text: choice

text: as

text: an

text: important

text: element

text: in

text: their

text: sexual

text: orientations

question: Can a persons sexual interest change over different times in their life?

answer: Some research suggests that "[f]or some [people] the focus of sexual interest will shift at various points through the life span

text: Some research suggests that "[f]or some [people] the focus of sexual interest will shift at various points through the life span

question: Until 1995 what had no studies done concerning sexual orientation?

answer: longitudinal stability of sexual orientation over the adult life span.

text: longitudinal stability of sexual orientation over the adult life span.

question: What can possibly predict the future orientation a persons sexual idenity?

answer: . [the] measure [of 'the complex components of sexual orientation as differentiated from other aspects of sexual identity at one point in time']

text: . [the] measure [of 'the complex components of sexual orientation as differentiated from other aspects of sexual identity at one point in time']

question: What do some lesbian woman see as important part of the sexual orientation?

answer: choice

text: choice


text: Dante made Virgil his guide in Hell and the greater part of Purgatory in The Divine Comedy. Dante also mentions Virgil in De vulgari eloquentia, along with Ovid, Lucan and Statius, as one of the four regulati poetae (ii, vi, 7).

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: Dante

text: made

text: Virgil

text: his

text: guide

text: in

text: Hell

text: and

text: the

text: greater

text: part

text: of

text: Purgatory

text: in

text: The

text: Divine

text: Comedy

text: Dante

text: also

text: mentions

text: Virgil

text: in

text: De

text: vulgari

text: eloquentia

text: along

text: with

text: Ovid

text: Lucan

text: and

text: Statius

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: regulati

text: poetae

text: ii

text: vi

question: In which of Dante's works was Virgil a guide through Hell and Purgatory?

answer: Divine Comedy

text: Divine Comedy

question: Who was the author of the Divine Comedy?

answer: Dante

text: Dante

question: Who was Dante's guide through Purgatory and Hell in the Divine Comedy?

answer: Virgil

text: Virgil


text: Scotland has a very different educational system from England and Wales, though also based on comprehensive education. It has different ages of transfer, different examinations and a different philosophy of choice and provision. All publicly funded primary and secondary schools are comprehensive. The Scottish Government has rejected plans for specialist schools as of 2005.

title: Comprehensive_school

title: Comprehensive_school

text: Scotland

text: has

text: a

text: very

text: different

text: educational

text: system

text: from

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: though

text: also

text: based

text: on

text: comprehensive

text: education

text: It

text: has

text: different

text: ages

text: of

text: transfer

text: different

text: examinations

text: and

text: a

text: different

text: philosophy

text: of

text: choice

text: and

text: provision

text: All

text: publicly

text: funded

text: primary

text: and

text: secondary

text: schools

text: are

text: comprehensive

text: The

text: Scottish

text: Government

text: has

text: rejected

text: plans

text: for

text: specialist

text: schools

text: as

text: of

question: All public primary and secondary schools in Scotland are of what type?

answer: comprehensive

text: comprehensive

question: What has Scotland refused to adopt?

answer: specialist schools

text: specialist schools

question: When was Scotland's latest rejection of the specialist school model?

answer: 2005


text: During the development of a tree, the lower limbs often die, but may remain attached for a time, sometimes years. Subsequent layers of growth of the attaching stem are no longer intimately joined with the dead limb, but are grown around it. Hence, dead branches produce knots which are not attached, and likely to drop out after the tree has been sawn into boards.

title: Wood

title: Wood

text: During

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: a

text: tree

text: the

text: lower

text: limbs

text: often

text: die

text: but

text: may

text: remain

text: attached

text: for

text: a

text: time

text: sometimes

text: years

text: Subsequent

text: layers

text: of

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: attaching

text: stem

text: are

text: no

text: longer

text: intimately

text: joined

text: with

text: the

text: dead

text: limb

text: but

text: are

text: grown

text: around

text: it

text: Hence

text: dead

text: branches

text: produce

text: knots

text: which

text: are

text: not

text: attached

text: and

text: likely

text: to

text: drop

text: out

text: after

text: the

text: tree

text: has

text: been

text: sawn

text: into

text: boards

question: What will the lower limbs of a tree usually do during development?

answer: die

text: die

question: For what length of time can a dead lower limb stay attached to a tree?

answer: years

text: years

question: Rather than being joined to the limb that died, where do subsequent layers grow?

answer: around it

text: around it

question: Are the knots that dead tree limbs form attached or not attached?

answer: not attached

text: not attached

question: A detached knot will probably drop out of the wood when someone saws it into what?

answer: boards

text: boards