text: The most prominent struggle for power was the conflict that erupted after the death of Yaroslav the Wise. The rivaling Principality of Polotsk was contesting the power of the Grand Prince by occupying Novgorod, while Rostislav Vladimirovich was fighting for the Black Sea port of Tmutarakan belonging to Chernihiv.[citation needed] Three of Yaroslav's sons that first allied together found themselves fighting each other especially after their defeat to the Cuman forces in 1068 at the Battle of the Alta River. At the same time an uprising took place in Kiev, bringing to power Vseslav of Polotsk who supported the traditional Slavic paganism.[citation needed] The ruling Grand Prince Iziaslav fled to Poland asking for support and in couple of years returned to establish the order.[citation needed] The affairs became even more complicated by the end of the 11th century driving the state into chaos and constant warfare. On the initiative of Vladimir II Monomakh in 1097 the first federal council of Kievan Rus took place near Chernihiv]in the city of Liubech with the main intention to find an understanding among the fighting sides. However even though that did not really stop the fighting, it certainly cooled things off.[citation needed]

title: Kievan_Rus%27

title: Kievan_Rus%27

text: The

text: most

text: prominent

text: struggle

text: for

text: power

text: was

text: the

text: conflict

text: that

text: erupted

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Yaroslav

text: the

text: Wise

text: The

text: rivaling

text: Principality

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: was

text: contesting

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: Grand

text: Prince

text: by

text: occupying

text: Novgorod

text: while

text: Rostislav

text: Vladimirovich

text: was

text: fighting

text: for

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: port

text: of

text: Tmutarakan

text: belonging

text: to

text: Chernihiv.[citation

text: needed

text: Three

text: of

text: Yaroslav

text: 's

text: sons

text: that

text: first

text: allied

text: together

text: found

text: themselves

text: fighting

text: each

text: other

text: especially

text: after

text: their

text: defeat

text: to

text: the

text: Cuman

text: forces

text: in

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: the

text: Alta

text: River

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: an

text: uprising

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: Kiev

text: bringing

text: to

text: power

text: Vseslav

text: of

text: Polotsk

text: who

text: supported

text: the

text: traditional

text: Slavic

text: paganism.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: ruling

text: Grand

text: Prince

text: Iziaslav

text: fled

text: to

text: Poland

text: asking

text: for

text: support

text: and

text: in

text: couple

text: of

text: years

text: returned

text: to

text: establish

text: the

text: order.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: affairs

text: became

text: even

text: more

text: complicated

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: driving

text: the

text: state

text: into

text: chaos

text: and

text: constant

text: warfare

text: On

text: the

text: initiative

text: of

text: Vladimir

text: II

text: Monomakh

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: federal

text: council

text: of

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: took

text: place

text: near

text: Chernihiv]in

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Liubech

text: with

text: the

text: main

text: intention

text: to

text: find

text: an

text: understanding

text: among

text: the

text: fighting

text: sides

text: However

text: even

text: though

text: that

text: did

text: not

text: really

text: stop

text: the

text: fighting

text: it

text: certainly

text: cooled

text: things

text: off.[citation

text: needed

question: What country did the fleeing Grand Prince run off to?

answer: Poland

text: Poland

question: What immediately occurred after Yarsolav the Wise past away?

answer: conflict

text: conflict

question: Who was fighting for Tmutarakan following Yarsolav's death?

answer: Rostislav Vladimirovich

text: Rostislav Vladimirovich

question: Where did the first federal council of Rus take place in 1097?

answer: city of Liubech

text: city of Liubech


text: Nigeria is a religiously diverse society, with Islam and Christianity being the most widely professed religions. Nigerians are nearly equally divided into Christians and Muslims, with a tiny minority of adherents of Animism and other religions. According to one recent estimate, over 40% of Nigeria's population adheres to Islam (mainly Sunni, other branches are also present). Christianity is practised by 58% of the population (among them 74% are Protestant, 25% Roman Catholic, 1% other Christian). Adherents of Animism and other religions collectively represent 1.4% of the population.

title: Nigeria

title: Nigeria

text: Nigeria

text: is

text: a

text: religiously

text: diverse

text: society

text: with

text: Islam

text: and

text: Christianity

text: being

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: professed

text: religions

text: Nigerians

text: are

text: nearly

text: equally

text: divided

text: into

text: Christians

text: and

text: Muslims

text: with

text: a

text: tiny

text: minority

text: of

text: adherents

text: of

text: Animism

text: and

text: other

text: religions

text: According

text: to

text: one

text: recent

text: estimate

text: over

text: of

text: Nigeria

text: 's

text: population

text: adheres

text: to

text: Islam

text: mainly

text: Sunni

text: other

text: branches

text: are

text: also

text: present

text: Christianity

text: is

text: practised

text: by

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: among

text: them

text: are

text: Protestant

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: other

text: Christian

text: Adherents

text: of

text: Animism

text: and

text: other

text: religions

text: collectively

text: represent

text: of

text: the

text: population

question: What are the most popular religions in Nigeria?

answer: Islam and Christianity

text: Islam and Christianity

question: What religions does Nigeria have besides the top two?

answer: a tiny minority of adherents of Animism and other religions

text: a tiny minority of adherents of Animism and other religions

question: How much of Nigeria's population is Muslim?

answer: over 40%

text: over 40%

question: How much of Nigeria's population is Christian?

answer: 58%

question: How much of Nigeria's population is Animist and other religions?

answer: 1.4%


text: Nothing in the principle of any of the motors described above requires that the iron (steel) portions of the rotor actually rotate. If the soft magnetic material of the rotor is made in the form of a cylinder, then (except for the effect of hysteresis) torque is exerted only on the windings of the electromagnets. Taking advantage of this fact is the coreless or ironless DC motor, a specialized form of a PM DC motor. Optimized for rapid acceleration, these motors have a rotor that is constructed without any iron core. The rotor can take the form of a winding-filled cylinder, or a self-supporting structure comprising only the magnet wire and the bonding material. The rotor can fit inside the stator magnets; a magnetically soft stationary cylinder inside the rotor provides a return path for the stator magnetic flux. A second arrangement has the rotor winding basket surrounding the stator magnets. In that design, the rotor fits inside a magnetically soft cylinder that can serve as the housing for the motor, and likewise provides a return path for the flux.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: Nothing

text: in

text: the

text: principle

text: of

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: motors

text: described

text: above

text: requires

text: that

text: the

text: iron

text: steel

text: portions

text: of

text: the

text: rotor

text: actually

text: rotate

text: If

text: the

text: soft

text: magnetic

text: material

text: of

text: the

text: rotor

text: is

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: cylinder

text: then

text: except

text: for

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: hysteresis

text: torque

text: is

text: exerted

text: only

text: on

text: the

text: windings

text: of

text: the

text: electromagnets

text: Taking

text: advantage

text: of

text: this

text: fact

text: is

text: the

text: coreless

text: or

text: ironless

text: DC

text: motor

text: a

text: specialized

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: PM

text: DC

text: motor

text: Optimized

text: for

text: rapid

text: acceleration

text: these

text: motors

text: have

text: a

text: rotor

text: that

text: is

text: constructed

text: without

text: any

text: iron

text: core

text: The

text: rotor

text: can

text: take

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: winding

text: filled

text: cylinder

text: or

text: a

text: self

text: supporting

text: structure

text: comprising

text: only

text: the

text: magnet

text: wire

text: and

text: the

text: bonding

text: material

text: The

text: rotor

text: can

text: fit

text: inside

text: the

text: stator

text: magnets

text: a

text: magnetically

text: soft

text: stationary

text: cylinder

text: inside

text: the

text: rotor

text: provides

text: a

text: return

text: path

text: for

text: the

text: stator

text: magnetic

text: flux

text: A

text: second

text: arrangement

text: has

text: the

text: rotor

text: winding

text: basket

text: surrounding

text: the

text: stator

text: magnets

text: In

text: that

text: design

text: the

text: rotor

text: fits

text: inside

text: a

text: magnetically

text: soft

text: cylinder

text: that

text: can

text: serve

text: as

text: the

text: housing

text: for

text: the

text: motor

text: and

text: likewise

text: provides

text: a

text: return

text: path

text: for

text: the

text: flux

question: A coreless DC motor is distinguished by what?

answer: rapid acceleration

text: rapid acceleration

question: What is absent in a coreless DC motor?

answer: iron core

text: iron core

question: What forms can the rotor take?

answer: winding-filled cylinder, or a self-supporting structure

text: winding-filled cylinder, or a self-supporting structure


text: On the Indian subcontinent, the Mughal Empire ruled most of India in the early 18th century. The "classic period" ended with the death and defeat of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707 by the rising Hindu Maratha Empire, although the dynasty continued for another 150 years. During this period, the Empire was marked by a highly centralized administration connecting the different regions. All the significant monuments of the Mughals, their most visible legacy, date to this period which was characterised by the expansion of Persian cultural influence in the Indian subcontinent, with brilliant literary, artistic, and architectural results. The Maratha Empire was located in the south west of present-day India and expanded greatly under the rule of the Peshwas, the prime ministers of the Maratha empire. In 1761, the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat which halted imperial expansion and the empire was then divided into a confederacy of Maratha states.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: On

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: the

text: Mughal

text: Empire

text: ruled

text: most

text: of

text: India

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: The

text: classic

text: period

text: ended

text: with

text: the

text: death

text: and

text: defeat

text: of

text: Emperor

text: Aurangzeb

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: rising

text: Hindu

text: Maratha

text: Empire

text: although

text: the

text: dynasty

text: continued

text: for

text: another

text: years

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: the

text: Empire

text: was

text: marked

text: by

text: a

text: highly

text: centralized

text: administration

text: connecting

text: the

text: different

text: regions

text: All

text: the

text: significant

text: monuments

text: of

text: the

text: Mughals

text: their

text: most

text: visible

text: legacy

text: date

text: to

text: this

text: period

text: which

text: was

text: characterised

text: by

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: Persian

text: cultural

text: influence

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: with

text: brilliant

text: literary

text: artistic

text: and

text: architectural

text: results

text: The

text: Maratha

text: Empire

text: was

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: west

text: of

text: present

text: day

text: India

text: and

text: expanded

text: greatly

text: under

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: Peshwas

text: the

text: prime

text: ministers

text: of

text: the

text: Maratha

text: empire

text: In

text: the

text: Maratha

text: army

text: lost

text: the

text: Third

text: Battle

text: of

text: Panipat

text: which

text: halted

text: imperial

text: expansion

text: and

text: the

text: empire

text: was

text: then

text: divided

text: into

text: a

text: confederacy

text: of

text: Maratha

text: states

question: Who ruled most of India in the early 18th century?

answer: Mughal Empire

text: Mughal Empire

question: How did the "Classic Period" end?

answer: the death and defeat of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707

text: the death and defeat of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707

question: Who was behind the death off Emperor Aurangzeb?

answer: Hindu Maratha Empire

text: Hindu Maratha Empire

question: Where was the The Maratha Empire centralized?

answer: south west of present-day India

text: south west of present-day India

question: What happened when the  Maratha Army lost the third battle of Panipat?

answer: the empire was then divided into a confederacy of Maratha states.

text: the empire was then divided into a confederacy of Maratha states.

question: Who ruled most of India in the 18 century?

answer: Mughal Empire

text: Mughal Empire

question: What event ended the "classic period"?

answer: the death and defeat of Emperor Aurangzeb

text: the death and defeat of Emperor Aurangzeb

question: What caused the death of Emperor Auranzeb?

answer: the rising Hindu Maratha Empire,

text: the rising Hindu Maratha Empire,

question: Where was the Maratha Empire centralized?

answer: south west of present-day India

text: south west of present-day India

question: What caused the Maratha Empire to split in 1761?

answer: the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat

text: the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat


text: Another situation can occur when one party wishes to create an obligation under international law, but the other party does not. This factor has been at work with respect to discussions between North Korea and the United States over security guarantees and nuclear proliferation.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: Another

text: situation

text: can

text: occur

text: when

text: one

text: party

text: wishes

text: to

text: create

text: an

text: obligation

text: under

text: international

text: law

text: but

text: the

text: other

text: party

text: does

text: not

text: This

text: factor

text: has

text: been

text: at

text: work

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: discussions

text: between

text: North

text: Korea

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: over

text: security

text: guarantees

text: and

text: nuclear

text: proliferation

question: Parties to a treaty may disagree over a desire to create an obligation under what?

answer: international law

text: international law

question: Discussions between what two countries have been influence by one party's desire to create an obligation under international law?

answer: North Korea and the United States

text: North Korea and the United States

question: Discussion between North Korea and the United States have been influenced by one party's desire to create obligations under international law with respect to what two topics?

answer: security guarantees and nuclear proliferation

text: security guarantees and nuclear proliferation

question: North Korea and the United States have been characterized by a disagreement over one parties desire to create what with respect to security guarantees and nuclear proliferation?

answer: to create an obligation under international law

text: to create an obligation under international law


text: Opinions differ whether the transition to liberal democracy is underway. According to some reports, the military's presence continues as the label 'disciplined democracy' suggests. This label asserts that the Burmese military is allowing certain civil liberties while clandestinely institutionalising itself further into Burmese politics. Such an assertion assumes that reforms only occurred when the military was able to safeguard its own interests through the transition—here, "transition" does not refer to a transition to a liberal democracy, but transition to a quasi-military rule.

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: Opinions

text: differ

text: whether

text: the

text: transition

text: to

text: liberal

text: democracy

text: is

text: underway

text: According

text: to

text: some

text: reports

text: the

text: military

text: 's

text: presence

text: continues

text: as

text: the

text: label

text: disciplined

text: democracy

text: suggests

text: This

text: label

text: asserts

text: that

text: the

text: Burmese

text: military

text: is

text: allowing

text: certain

text: civil

text: liberties

text: while

text: clandestinely

text: institutionalising

text: itself

text: further

text: into

text: Burmese

text: politics

text: Such

text: an

text: assertion

text: assumes

text: that

text: reforms

text: only

text: occurred

text: when

text: the

text: military

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: safeguard

text: its

text: own

text: interests

text: through

text: the

text: transition

text: here

text: transition

text: does

text: not

text: refer

text: to

text: a

text: transition

text: to

text: a

text: liberal

text: democracy

text: but

text: transition

text: to

text: a

text: quasi

text: military

text: rule

question: Is Burma now a democratic nation?

answer: Opinions differ whether the transition to liberal democracy is underway

text: Opinions differ whether the transition to liberal democracy is underway

question: Does the military still have a government presence in Burma ?

answer: the military's presence continues

text: the military's presence continues

question: What type of government does Burma operate under ?

answer: 'disciplined democracy

text: 'disciplined democracy

question: Does the military presence interfere with the day to day running of the government ?

answer: reforms only occurred when the military was able to safeguard its own interests

text: reforms only occurred when the military was able to safeguard its own interests


text: Both Roger Williams and John Clarke, his compatriot and coworker for religious freedom, are variously credited as founding the earliest Baptist church in North America. In 1639, Williams established a Baptist church in Providence, Rhode Island, and Clarke began a Baptist church in Newport, Rhode Island. According to a Baptist historian who has researched the matter extensively, "There is much debate over the centuries as to whether the Providence or Newport church deserved the place of 'first' Baptist congregation in America. Exact records for both congregations are lacking."

title: Baptists

title: Baptists

text: Both

text: Roger

text: Williams

text: and

text: John

text: Clarke

text: his

text: compatriot

text: and

text: coworker

text: for

text: religious

text: freedom

text: are

text: variously

text: credited

text: as

text: founding

text: the

text: earliest

text: Baptist

text: church

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: In

text: Williams

text: established

text: a

text: Baptist

text: church

text: in

text: Providence

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: and

text: Clarke

text: began

text: a

text: Baptist

text: church

text: in

text: Newport

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: Baptist

text: historian

text: who

text: has

text: researched

text: the

text: matter

text: extensively

text: There

text: is

text: much

text: debate

text: over

text: the

text: centuries

text: as

text: to

text: whether

text: the

text: Providence

text: or

text: Newport

text: church

text: deserved

text: the

text: place

text: of

text: first

text: Baptist

text: congregation

text: in

text: America

text: Exact

text: records

text: for

text: both

text: congregations

text: are

text: lacking

question: Who founded the earliest Baptist church in North America?

answer: Roger Williams and John Clarke

text: Roger Williams and John Clarke

question: When was the first American Baptist church established?

answer: 1639

question: Where did Roger Williams establish a Baptist church?

answer: Providence, Rhode Island

text: Providence, Rhode Island

question: Where did John Clarke establish a Baptist church?

answer: Newport, Rhode Island

text: Newport, Rhode Island

question: Clarke was what to Williams?

answer: his compatriot and coworker for religious freedom

text: his compatriot and coworker for religious freedom


text: Prior to the crisis, financial institutions became highly leveraged, increasing their appetite for risky investments and reducing their resilience in case of losses. Much of this leverage was achieved using complex financial instruments such as off-balance sheet securitization and derivatives, which made it difficult for creditors and regulators to monitor and try to reduce financial institution risk levels. These instruments also made it virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions in bankruptcy, and contributed to the need for government bailouts.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: Prior

text: to

text: the

text: crisis

text: financial

text: institutions

text: became

text: highly

text: leveraged

text: increasing

text: their

text: appetite

text: for

text: risky

text: investments

text: and

text: reducing

text: their

text: resilience

text: in

text: case

text: of

text: losses

text: Much

text: of

text: this

text: leverage

text: was

text: achieved

text: using

text: complex

text: financial

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: off

text: balance

text: sheet

text: securitization

text: and

text: derivatives

text: which

text: made

text: it

text: difficult

text: for

text: creditors

text: and

text: regulators

text: to

text: monitor

text: and

text: try

text: to

text: reduce

text: financial

text: institution

text: risk

text: levels

text: These

text: instruments

text: also

text: made

text: it

text: virtually

text: impossible

text: to

text: reorganize

text: financial

text: institutions

text: in

text: bankruptcy

text: and

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: government

text: bailouts

question: What did financial institutions do prior to the crisis?

answer: became highly leveraged

text: became highly leveraged

question: What type financial instruments are off-balance sheet securitization and derivatives?

answer: complex

text: complex

question: Who bailed out financial institutions?

answer: government

text: government

question: Which option was nearly impossible for financial institutions to reorganize under?

answer: bankruptcy

text: bankruptcy

question: What are the type financial instruments that were difficult for creditors and regulators to monitor?

answer: complex financial instruments

text: complex financial instruments


text: On 26 February 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace the closed News of the World, employing some of its former journalists. In late 2013, it was given a new look, with a new typeface. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840; but in May 2015 The Mail on Sunday sold more copies for the first time, an average of 28,650 over those of its rival: 1,497,855 to 1,469,195. Roy Greenslade issued some caveats over the May 2015 figures, but believes the weekday Daily Mail will overtake The Sun in circulation during 2016.

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom

text: On

text: February

text: The

text: Sun

text: on

text: Sunday

text: was

text: launched

text: to

text: replace

text: the

text: closed

text: News

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: employing

text: some

text: of

text: its

text: former

text: journalists

text: In

text: late

text: it

text: was

text: given

text: a

text: new

text: look

text: with

text: a

text: new

text: typeface

text: The

text: average

text: circulation

text: for

text: The

text: Sun

text: on

text: Sunday

text: in

text: March

text: was

text: but

text: in

text: May

text: The

text: Mail

text: on

text: Sunday

text: sold

text: more

text: copies

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: over

text: those

text: of

text: its

text: rival

text: to

text: Roy

text: Greenslade

text: issued

text: some

text: caveats

text: over

text: the

text: May

text: figures

text: but

text: believes

text: the

text: weekday

text: Daily

text: Mail

text: will

text: overtake

text: The

text: Sun

text: in

text: circulation

text: during

question: Which newspaper did the The Sun on Sunday take the place of?

answer: News of the World

text: News of the World

question: In what year was The Sun's look changed?

answer: 2013

question: What was the circulation of The Sun on Sunday in March 2014?

answer: 1,686,840

question: When did the Sunday Mail overtake The Sun in sales numbers?

answer: May 2015

text: May 2015

question: When is the weekly Mail forecast to pass The Sun in terms of circulation?

answer: during 2016

text: during 2016


text: Cordwood construction can save significant space and was often used with wire-ended components in applications where space was at a premium (such as missile guidance and telemetry systems) and in high-speed computers, where short traces were important. In cordwood construction, axial-leaded components were mounted between two parallel planes. The components were either soldered together with jumper wire, or they were connected to other components by thin nickel ribbon welded at right angles onto the component leads. To avoid shorting together different interconnection layers, thin insulating cards were placed between them. Perforations or holes in the cards allowed component leads to project through to the next interconnection layer. One disadvantage of this system was that special nickel-leaded components had to be used to allow the interconnecting welds to be made. Differential thermal expansion of the component could put pressure on the leads of the components and the PCB traces and cause physical damage (as was seen in several modules on the Apollo program). Additionally, components located in the interior are difficult to replace. Some versions of cordwood construction used soldered single-sided PCBs as the interconnection method (as pictured), allowing the use of normal-leaded components.

title: Printed_circuit_board

title: Printed_circuit_board

text: Cordwood

text: construction

text: can

text: save

text: significant

text: space

text: and

text: was

text: often

text: used

text: with

text: wire

text: ended

text: components

text: in

text: applications

text: where

text: space

text: was

text: at

text: a

text: premium

text: such

text: as

text: missile

text: guidance

text: and

text: telemetry

text: systems

text: and

text: in

text: high

text: speed

text: computers

text: where

text: short

text: traces

text: were

text: important

text: In

text: cordwood

text: construction

text: axial

text: leaded

text: components

text: were

text: mounted

text: between

text: two

text: parallel

text: planes

text: The

text: components

text: were

text: either

text: soldered

text: together

text: with

text: jumper

text: wire

text: or

text: they

text: were

text: connected

text: to

text: other

text: components

text: by

text: thin

text: nickel

text: ribbon

text: welded

text: at

text: right

text: angles

text: onto

text: the

text: component

text: leads

text: To

text: avoid

text: shorting

text: together

text: different

text: interconnection

text: layers

text: thin

text: insulating

text: cards

text: were

text: placed

text: between

text: them

text: Perforations

text: or

text: holes

text: in

text: the

text: cards

text: allowed

text: component

text: leads

text: to

text: project

text: through

text: to

text: the

text: next

text: interconnection

text: layer

text: One

text: disadvantage

text: of

text: this

text: system

text: was

text: that

text: special

text: nickel

text: leaded

text: components

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: allow

text: the

text: interconnecting

text: welds

text: to

text: be

text: made

text: Differential

text: thermal

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: component

text: could

text: put

text: pressure

text: on

text: the

text: leads

text: of

text: the

text: components

text: and

text: the

text: PCB

text: traces

text: and

text: cause

text: physical

text: damage

text: as

text: was

text: seen

text: in

text: several

text: modules

text: on

text: the

text: Apollo

text: program

text: Additionally

text: components

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: interior

text: are

text: difficult

text: to

text: replace

text: Some

text: versions

text: of

text: cordwood

text: construction

text: used

text: soldered

text: single

text: sided

text: PCBs

text: as

text: the

text: interconnection

text: method

text: as

text: pictured

text: allowing

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: normal

text: leaded

text: components

question: What type of construction is best for applications that need to portion space carefully?

answer: Cordwood

text: Cordwood

question: What gets mounted in the middle of two parallel planes in a cordwood construction?

answer: axial-leaded components

text: axial-leaded components

question: What type of component has to be used in cordwood construction to its detriment?

answer: nickel-leaded

text: nickel-leaded

question: What do insulating cards prevent between interconnection layers?

answer: shorting

text: shorting

question: What force caused the physical damage to components that affected the Apollo program?

answer: Differential thermal expansion

text: Differential thermal expansion


text: The Qing showed that the Manchus valued military skills in propaganda targeted towards the Ming military to get them to defect to the Qing, since the Ming civilian political system discriminated against the military. The three Liaodong Han Bannermen officers who played a massive role in the conquest of southern China from the Ming were Shang Kexi, Geng Zhongming, and Kong Youde and they governed southern China autonomously as viceroys for the Qing after their conquests. Normally the Manchu Bannermen acted only as reserve forces or in the rear and were used predominantly for quick strikes with maximum impact, so as to minimize ethnic Manchu losses; instead, the Qing used defected Han Chinese troops to fight as the vanguard during the entire conquest of China.

title: Qing_dynasty

title: Qing_dynasty

text: The

text: Qing

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: Manchus

text: valued

text: military

text: skills

text: in

text: propaganda

text: targeted

text: towards

text: the

text: Ming

text: military

text: to

text: get

text: them

text: to

text: defect

text: to

text: the

text: Qing

text: since

text: the

text: Ming

text: civilian

text: political

text: system

text: discriminated

text: against

text: the

text: military

text: The

text: three

text: Liaodong

text: Han

text: Bannermen

text: officers

text: who

text: played

text: a

text: massive

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: conquest

text: of

text: southern

text: China

text: from

text: the

text: Ming

text: were

text: Shang

text: Kexi

text: Geng

text: Zhongming

text: and

text: Kong

text: Youde

text: and

text: they

text: governed

text: southern

text: China

text: autonomously

text: as

text: viceroys

text: for

text: the

text: Qing

text: after

text: their

text: conquests

text: Normally

text: the

text: Manchu

text: Bannermen

text: acted

text: only

text: as

text: reserve

text: forces

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: rear

text: and

text: were

text: used

text: predominantly

text: for

text: quick

text: strikes

text: with

text: maximum

text: impact

text: so

text: as

text: to

text: minimize

text: ethnic

text: Manchu

text: losses

text: instead

text: the

text: Qing

text: used

text: defected

text: Han

text: Chinese

text: troops

text: to

text: fight

text: as

text: the

text: vanguard

text: during

text: the

text: entire

text: conquest

text: of

text: China

question: Who were the three Liandong Han bannermen who were instrumental in the taking of southern China?

answer: Shang Kexi, Geng Zhongming, and Kong Youde

text: Shang Kexi, Geng Zhongming, and Kong Youde

question: What part of China did Kexi, Zhongming, and Youde rule?

answer: southern China

text: southern China

question: What was the three Han Bannermen position called?

answer: viceroys

text: viceroys


text: Bird migration is primarily, but not entirely, a Northern Hemisphere phenomenon. This is because land birds in high northern latitudes, where food becomes scarce in winter, leave for areas further south (including the Southern Hemisphere) to overwinter, and because the continental landmass is much larger in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, among (pelagic) seabirds, species of the Southern Hemisphere are more likely to migrate. This is because there is a large area of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere, and more islands suitable for seabirds to nest.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: Bird

text: migration

text: is

text: primarily

text: but

text: not

text: entirely

text: a

text: Northern

text: Hemisphere

text: phenomenon

text: This

text: is

text: because

text: land

text: birds

text: in

text: high

text: northern

text: latitudes

text: where

text: food

text: becomes

text: scarce

text: in

text: winter

text: leave

text: for

text: areas

text: further

text: south

text: including

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: to

text: overwinter

text: and

text: because

text: the

text: continental

text: landmass

text: is

text: much

text: larger

text: in

text: the

text: Northern

text: Hemisphere

text: In

text: contrast

text: among

text: pelagic

text: seabirds

text: species

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: are

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: migrate

text: This

text: is

text: because

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: large

text: area

text: of

text: ocean

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: and

text: more

text: islands

text: suitable

text: for

text: seabirds

text: to

text: nest

question: In which hemisphere does bird migration primarily happen?

answer: Northern

text: Northern

question: Where do birds from high northern latitutes migrate to?

answer: south

text: south

question: Why do birds migrate south in winter?

answer: food becomes scarce

text: food becomes scarce

question: Which species of seabirds are more likely to migrate?

answer: species of the Southern Hemisphere

text: species of the Southern Hemisphere

question: Why are seabirds from the southern hemisphere more likely to migrate?

answer: there is a large area of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere

text: there is a large area of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere


text: In America, nonprofit organizations like Friends of UNFPA (formerly Americans for UNFPA) worked to compensate for the loss of United States federal funding by raising private donations.

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

text: In

text: America

text: nonprofit

text: organizations

text: like

text: Friends

text: of

text: UNFPA

text: formerly

text: Americans

text: for

text: UNFPA

text: worked

text: to

text: compensate

text: for

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: United

text: States

text: federal

text: funding

text: by

text: raising

text: private

text: donations

question: What is one country in which nonprofit organizations try to make up for the loss of United States funding for the UNFPA?

answer: America

text: America

question: What kind of organization is Friends of UNFPA?

answer: nonprofit

text: nonprofit

question: What was Friends of UNFPA's previous name?

answer: Americans for UNFPA

text: Americans for UNFPA

question: What type of United States funding does Friends of UNFPA try to replace?

answer: federal funding

text: federal funding

question: Through what sort of donations does Friends of UNFPA raise money?

answer: private donations

text: private donations


text: At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.

title: Xbox_360

title: Xbox_360

text: At

text: launch

text: the

text: Xbox

text: was

text: available

text: in

text: two

text: configurations

text: the

text: Xbox

text: package

text: unofficially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: GB

text: Pro

text: or

text: Premium

text: priced

text: at

text: US$

text: or

text: and

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Core

text: priced

text: at

text: US$

text: and

text: The

text: original

text: shipment

text: of

text: the

text: Xbox

text: version

text: included

text: a

text: cut

text: down

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: Media

text: Remote

text: as

text: a

text: promotion

text: The

text: Elite

text: package

text: was

text: launched

text: later

text: at

text: US$

text: The

text: Xbox

text: Core

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Arcade

text: in

text: October

text: and

text: a

text: GB

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Pro

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: August

text: The

text: Pro

text: package

text: was

text: discontinued

text: and

text: marked

text: down

text: to

text: US$

text: on

text: August

text: to

text: be

text: sold

text: until

text: stock

text: ran

text: out

text: while

text: the

text: Elite

text: was

text: also

text: marked

text: down

text: in

text: price

text: to

text: US$

question: The Xbox 360 Pro included what size hard drive storage?

answer: 20 GB

text: 20 GB

question: What was the official name of the lower-priced 360 SKU at launch?

answer: Xbox 360 Core

text: Xbox 360 Core

question: The Xbox 360 Elite eventually launched at what price point?

answer: US$479

question: The 360 Pro's original storage was replaced by a hard drive of what size in 2008?

answer: 60 GB

text: 60 GB

question: What did Microsoft name the SKU that replaced the 360 Core?

answer: Xbox 360 Arcade

text: Xbox 360 Arcade


text: In grading lumber and structural timber, knots are classified according to their form, size, soundness, and the firmness with which they are held in place. This firmness is affected by, among other factors, the length of time for which the branch was dead while the attaching stem continued to grow.

title: Wood

title: Wood

text: In

text: grading

text: lumber

text: and

text: structural

text: timber

text: knots

text: are

text: classified

text: according

text: to

text: their

text: form

text: size

text: soundness

text: and

text: the

text: firmness

text: with

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: held

text: in

text: place

text: This

text: firmness

text: is

text: affected

text: by

text: among

text: other

text: factors

text: the

text: length

text: of

text: time

text: for

text: which

text: the

text: branch

text: was

text: dead

text: while

text: the

text: attaching

text: stem

text: continued

text: to

text: grow

question: What's the process in which knots are classified called?

answer: grading

text: grading

question: Along with firmness, soundness, and form, what property of a knot is classified?

answer: size

text: size

question: What property of knots does the amount of time a branch stayed on a tree while the stem kept growing affect?

answer: firmness

text: firmness


text: According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume international legality even if approved by internal law. This means that in case of a conflict with domestic law, international law will always prevail.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: preamble

text: in

text: The

text: Law

text: of

text: Treaties

text: treaties

text: are

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: international

text: law

text: If

text: an

text: act

text: or

text: lack

text: thereof

text: is

text: condemned

text: under

text: international

text: law

text: the

text: act

text: will

text: not

text: assume

text: international

text: legality

text: even

text: if

text: approved

text: by

text: internal

text: law

text: This

text: means

text: that

text: in

text: case

text: of

text: a

text: conflict

text: with

text: domestic

text: law

text: international

text: law

text: will

text: always

text: prevail

question: The preamble of what states that treaties are a source of international law?

answer: The Law of Treaties

text: The Law of Treaties

question: Which will prevail in a conflict between international and domestic law?

answer: international law

text: international law

question: What are started to be a source of international law in the preamble in The Law of Treaties?

answer: treaties

text: treaties

question: Approval under what law will not make an act or lack thereof legal if condemned under international law?

answer: internal law

text: internal law

question: An act or lack thereof cannot be made legal under what law even if made legal under internal law?

answer: international law

text: international law


text: The Sumerian language is generally regarded as a language isolate in linguistics because it belongs to no known language family; Akkadian, by contrast, belongs to the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. There have been many failed attempts to connect Sumerian to other language groups. It is an agglutinative language; in other words, morphemes ("units of meaning") are added together to create words, unlike analytic languages where morphemes are purely added together to create sentences. Some authors have proposed that there may be evidence of a sub-stratum or add-stratum language for geographic features and various crafts and agricultural activities, called variously Proto-Euphratean or Proto Tigrean, but this is disputed by others.

title: Sumer

title: Sumer

text: The

text: Sumerian

text: language

text: is

text: generally

text: regarded

text: as

text: a

text: language

text: isolate

text: in

text: linguistics

text: because

text: it

text: belongs

text: to

text: no

text: known

text: language

text: family

text: Akkadian

text: by

text: contrast

text: belongs

text: to

text: the

text: Semitic

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Afroasiatic

text: languages

text: There

text: have

text: been

text: many

text: failed

text: attempts

text: to

text: connect

text: Sumerian

text: to

text: other

text: language

text: groups

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: agglutinative

text: language

text: in

text: other

text: words

text: morphemes

text: units

text: of

text: meaning

text: are

text: added

text: together

text: to

text: create

text: words

text: unlike

text: analytic

text: languages

text: where

text: morphemes

text: are

text: purely

text: added

text: together

text: to

text: create

text: sentences

text: Some

text: authors

text: have

text: proposed

text: that

text: there

text: may

text: be

text: evidence

text: of

text: a

text: sub

text: stratum

text: or

text: add

text: stratum

text: language

text: for

text: geographic

text: features

text: and

text: various

text: crafts

text: and

text: agricultural

text: activities

text: called

text: variously

text: Proto

text: Euphratean

text: or

text: Proto

text: Tigrean

text: but

text: this

text: is

text: disputed

text: by

text: others

question: Akkadian's language can be traced to the Semitic branch of what languages?

answer: Afroasiatic

text: Afroasiatic

question: Why is the Sumerian language usually thought of as a language isolate in linguistics?

answer: belongs to no known language family

text: belongs to no known language family

question: In Sumerian, what are morphemes added together to create?

answer: words

text: words

question: What has been the result of attempts to connect Sumerian to other language groups?

answer: failed

text: failed

question: What are morphemes?

answer: "units of meaning"

text: "units of meaning"


text: The end of the 19th century marks the start of psychology as a scientific enterprise. The year 1879 is commonly seen as the start of psychology as an independent field of study. In that year Wilhelm Wundt founded the first laboratory dedicated exclusively to psychological research (in Leipzig). Other important early contributors to the field include Hermann Ebbinghaus (a pioneer in memory studies), Ivan Pavlov (who discovered classical conditioning), William James, and Sigmund Freud. Freud's influence has been enormous, though more as cultural icon than a force in scientific psychology.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: The

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: marks

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: psychology

text: as

text: a

text: scientific

text: enterprise

text: The

text: year

text: is

text: commonly

text: seen

text: as

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: psychology

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: field

text: of

text: study

text: In

text: that

text: year

text: Wilhelm

text: Wundt

text: founded

text: the

text: first

text: laboratory

text: dedicated

text: exclusively

text: to

text: psychological

text: research

text: in

text: Leipzig

text: Other

text: important

text: early

text: contributors

text: to

text: the

text: field

text: include

text: Hermann

text: Ebbinghaus

text: a

text: pioneer

text: in

text: memory

text: studies

text: Ivan

text: Pavlov

text: who

text: discovered

text: classical

text: conditioning

text: William

text: James

text: and

text: Sigmund

text: Freud

text: Freud

text: 's

text: influence

text: has

text: been

text: enormous

text: though

text: more

text: as

text: cultural

text: icon

text: than

text: a

text: force

text: in

text: scientific

text: psychology

question: What was the beginning of psychology classified as?

answer: a scientific enterprise

text: a scientific enterprise

question: What year is most commonly referred to as the beginning of psychology?

answer: 1879

question: Who has the first lab completely dedicated to psychology?

answer: Wilhelm Wundt

text: Wilhelm Wundt

question: What did Hermann Ebbinghaus study?

answer: memory studies

text: memory studies

question: What was Ivan Pavlov known for?

answer: classical conditioning

text: classical conditioning


text: John's personal life greatly affected his reign. Contemporary chroniclers state that John was sinfully lustful and lacking in piety. It was common for kings and nobles of the period to keep mistresses, but chroniclers complained that John's mistresses were married noblewomen, which was considered unacceptable. John had at least five children with mistresses during his first marriage to Isabelle of Gloucester, and two of those mistresses are known to have been noblewomen. John's behaviour after his second marriage to Isabella of Angoulême is less clear, however. None of John's known illegitimate children were born after he remarried, and there is no actual documentary proof of adultery after that point, although John certainly had female friends amongst the court throughout the period. The specific accusations made against John during the baronial revolts are now generally considered to have been invented for the purposes of justifying the revolt; nonetheless, most of John's contemporaries seem to have held a poor opinion of his sexual behaviour.[nb 14]

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: John

text: 's

text: personal

text: life

text: greatly

text: affected

text: his

text: reign

text: Contemporary

text: chroniclers

text: state

text: that

text: John

text: was

text: sinfully

text: lustful

text: and

text: lacking

text: in

text: piety

text: It

text: was

text: common

text: for

text: kings

text: and

text: nobles

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: to

text: keep

text: mistresses

text: but

text: chroniclers

text: complained

text: that

text: John

text: 's

text: mistresses

text: were

text: married

text: noblewomen

text: which

text: was

text: considered

text: unacceptable

text: John

text: had

text: at

text: least

text: five

text: children

text: with

text: mistresses

text: during

text: his

text: first

text: marriage

text: to

text: Isabelle

text: of

text: Gloucester

text: and

text: two

text: of

text: those

text: mistresses

text: are

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: noblewomen

text: John

text: 's

text: behaviour

text: after

text: his

text: second

text: marriage

text: to

text: Isabella

text: of

text: Angoulême

text: is

text: less

text: clear

text: however

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: known

text: illegitimate

text: children

text: were

text: born

text: after

text: he

text: remarried

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: actual

text: documentary

text: proof

text: of

text: adultery

text: after

text: that

text: point

text: although

text: John

text: certainly

text: had

text: female

text: friends

text: amongst

text: the

text: court

text: throughout

text: the

text: period

text: The

text: specific

text: accusations

text: made

text: against

text: John

text: during

text: the

text: baronial

text: revolts

text: are

text: now

text: generally

text: considered

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: invented

text: for

text: the

text: purposes

text: of

text: justifying

text: the

text: revolt

text: nonetheless

text: most

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: contemporaries

text: seem

text: to

text: have

text: held

text: a

text: poor

text: opinion

text: of

text: his

text: sexual

text: behaviour.[nb

question: Many of John's mistresses were what?

answer: married noblewomen

text: married noblewomen

question: How many children did John have with mistresses during his first marriage?

answer: five

text: five

question: How many of John's known illegitimate children were born after he remarried?

answer: None


text: The end of the war, however, was to cause profound change in Bermuda, though some of those changes would take decades to crystallise. Following the war, with the buildup of Naval and military forces in Bermuda, the primary leg of the Bermudian economy became defence infrastructure. Even after tourism began later in the 19th century, Bermuda remained, in the eyes of London, a base more than a colony. The Crown strengthened its political and economic ties to Bermuda, and the colony's independence on the world stage was diminished.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: The

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: however

text: was

text: to

text: cause

text: profound

text: change

text: in

text: Bermuda

text: though

text: some

text: of

text: those

text: changes

text: would

text: take

text: decades

text: to

text: crystallise

text: Following

text: the

text: war

text: with

text: the

text: buildup

text: of

text: Naval

text: and

text: military

text: forces

text: in

text: Bermuda

text: the

text: primary

text: leg

text: of

text: the

text: Bermudian

text: economy

text: became

text: defence

text: infrastructure

text: Even

text: after

text: tourism

text: began

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Bermuda

text: remained

text: in

text: the

text: eyes

text: of

text: London

text: a

text: base

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: colony

text: The

text: Crown

text: strengthened

text: its

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: ties

text: to

text: Bermuda

text: and

text: the

text: colony

text: 's

text: independence

text: on

text: the

text: world

text: stage

text: was

text: diminished

question: What event caused major changes in Bermuda?

answer: end of the war

text: end of the war

question: Why did defence infrastructure become the major source of Bermuda's economy?

answer: buildup of Naval and military forces in Bermuda,

text: buildup of Naval and military forces in Bermuda,

question: How does the British crown view Bermuda?

answer: a base more than a colony

text: a base more than a colony

question: What happened to Bermuda's independance due to British importance on them for military reasons?

answer: the colony's independence on the world stage was diminished

text: the colony's independence on the world stage was diminished


text: In 1968, Schwarzenegger and fellow bodybuilder Franco Columbu started a bricklaying business. The business flourished thanks to the pair's marketing savvy and an increased demand following the 1971 San Fernando earthquake. Schwarzenegger and Columbu used profits from their bricklaying venture to start a mail order business, selling bodybuilding and fitness-related equipment and instructional tapes.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: In

text: Schwarzenegger

text: and

text: fellow

text: bodybuilder

text: Franco

text: Columbu

text: started

text: a

text: bricklaying

text: business

text: The

text: business

text: flourished

text: thanks

text: to

text: the

text: pair

text: 's

text: marketing

text: savvy

text: and

text: an

text: increased

text: demand

text: following

text: the

text: San

text: Fernando

text: earthquake

text: Schwarzenegger

text: and

text: Columbu

text: used

text: profits

text: from

text: their

text: bricklaying

text: venture

text: to

text: start

text: a

text: mail

text: order

text: business

text: selling

text: bodybuilding

text: and

text: fitness

text: related

text: equipment

text: and

text: instructional

text: tapes

question: With which of his friends did Schwarzenegger start a bricklaying company?

answer: Franco Columbu

text: Franco Columbu

question: What natural disaster in 1971 contributed to the success of Schwarzenegger's business?

answer: San Fernando earthquake

text: San Fernando earthquake


text: In January 1871, George Jackson Mivart's On the Genesis of Species listed detailed arguments against natural selection, and claimed it included false metaphysics. Darwin made extensive revisions to the sixth edition of the Origin (this was the first edition in which he used the word "evolution" which had commonly been associated with embryological development, though all editions concluded with the word "evolved"), and added a new chapter VII, Miscellaneous objections, to address Mivart's arguments.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: In

text: January

text: George

text: Jackson

text: Mivart

text: 's

text: On

text: the

text: Genesis

text: of

text: Species

text: listed

text: detailed

text: arguments

text: against

text: natural

text: selection

text: and

text: claimed

text: it

text: included

text: false

text: metaphysics

text: Darwin

text: made

text: extensive

text: revisions

text: to

text: the

text: sixth

text: edition

text: of

text: the

text: Origin

text: this

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: edition

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: used

text: the

text: word

text: evolution

text: which

text: had

text: commonly

text: been

text: associated

text: with

text: embryological

text: development

text: though

text: all

text: editions

text: concluded

text: with

text: the

text: word

text: evolved

text: and

text: added

text: a

text: new

text: chapter

text: VII

text: Miscellaneous

text: objections

text: to

text: address

text: Mivart

text: 's

text: arguments

question: What did On the Genesis of Species argue against natural selection?

answer: claimed it included false metaphysics

text: claimed it included false metaphysics

question: Who wrote On the Genesis of Species?

answer: George Jackson Mivart

text: George Jackson Mivart

question: When did Charles Darwin first use the word "evolution" in On the Origin of Species?

answer: the sixth edition

text: the sixth edition

question: What did Charles Darwin do to address Mivart's arguments?

answer: added a new chapter VII,

text: added a new chapter VII,

question: What was chapter VII entitled?

answer: Miscellaneous objections

text: Miscellaneous objections


text: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news of peace negotiations reached the state, new call to arms began to flare among the people of the state. But as the Mexican officials in Chihuahua heard that General Price was heading back to Mexico with a large force comprising several companies of infantry and three companies of cavalry and one division of light artillery from Santa Fe on February 8, 1848, Ángel Trías sent a message to Sacramento Pass to ask for succession of the area as they understood the war had concluded. General Price, misunderstanding this as a deception by the Mexican forces, continued to advance towards the state capital. On March 16, 1848 Price began negotiations with Ángel Trías, but the Mexican leader responded with an ultimatum to General Price. The American forces engaged with the Mexican forces near Santa Cruz de los Rosales on March 16, 1848. The Battle of Santa Cruz de los Rosales was the last battle of the Mexican–American War and it occurred after the peace treaty was signed. The American forces maintained control over the state capital for three months after the confirmation of the peace treaty. The American presence served to delay the possible succession of the state which had been discussed at the end of 1847, and the state remained under United States occupation until May 22, 1848.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: The

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Guadalupe

text: Hidalgo

text: signed

text: on

text: February

text: by

text: American

text: diplomat

text: Nicholas

text: Trist

text: and

text: Mexican

text: plenipotentiary

text: representatives

text: Luis

text: G.

text: Cuevas

text: Bernardo

text: Couto

text: and

text: Miguel

text: Atristain

text: ended

text: the

text: war

text: gave

text: the

text: U.S.

text: undisputed

text: control

text: of

text: Texas

text: and

text: established

text: the

text: U.S

text: Mexican

text: border

text: of

text: the

text: Rio

text: Grande

text: As

text: news

text: of

text: peace

text: negotiations

text: reached

text: the

text: state

text: new

text: call

text: to

text: arms

text: began

text: to

text: flare

text: among

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: But

text: as

text: the

text: Mexican

text: officials

text: in

text: Chihuahua

text: heard

text: that

text: General

text: Price

text: was

text: heading

text: back

text: to

text: Mexico

text: with

text: a

text: large

text: force

text: comprising

text: several

text: companies

text: of

text: infantry

text: and

text: three

text: companies

text: of

text: cavalry

text: and

text: one

text: division

text: of

text: light

text: artillery

text: from

text: Santa

text: Fe

text: on

text: February

text: Ángel

text: Trías

text: sent

text: a

text: message

text: to

text: Sacramento

text: Pass

text: to

text: ask

text: for

text: succession

text: of

text: the

text: area

text: as

text: they

text: understood

text: the

text: war

text: had

text: concluded

text: General

text: Price

text: misunderstanding

text: this

text: as

text: a

text: deception

text: by

text: the

text: Mexican

text: forces

text: continued

text: to

text: advance

text: towards

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: On

text: March

text: Price

text: began

text: negotiations

text: with

text: Ángel

text: Trías

text: but

text: the

text: Mexican

text: leader

text: responded

text: with

text: an

text: ultimatum

text: to

text: General

text: Price

text: The

text: American

text: forces

text: engaged

text: with

text: the

text: Mexican

text: forces

text: near

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: de

text: los

text: Rosales

text: on

text: March

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: de

text: los

text: Rosales

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: battle

text: of

text: the

text: Mexican

text: American

text: War

text: and

text: it

text: occurred

text: after

text: the

text: peace

text: treaty

text: was

text: signed

text: The

text: American

text: forces

text: maintained

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: for

text: three

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: confirmation

text: of

text: the

text: peace

text: treaty

text: The

text: American

text: presence

text: served

text: to

text: delay

text: the

text: possible

text: succession

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: discussed

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: state

text: remained

text: under

text: United

text: States

text: occupation

text: until

text: May

question: What was the name of the treaty that ended the war?

answer: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

text: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

question: In which year was the treaty signed?

answer: 1848

question: Control over which current U.S. state was given to the U.S. under this treaty?

answer: Texas

text: Texas

question: How long did the U.S. continue to maintain control over the state capital after the treaty?

answer: three months

text: three months

question: Which American general misunderstood the Mexican message sent to Sacramento Pass?

answer: General Price

text: General Price


text: The only extant depiction of Edward's abbey, together with the adjacent Palace of Westminster, is in the Bayeux Tapestry. Some of the lower parts of the monastic dormitory, an extension of the South Transept, survive in the Norman undercroft of the Great School, including a door said to come from the previous Saxon abbey. Increased endowments supported a community increased from a dozen monks in Dunstan's original foundation, up to a maximum about eighty monks, although there was also a large community of lay brothers who supported the monastery's extensive property and activities.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: The

text: only

text: extant

text: depiction

text: of

text: Edward

text: 's

text: abbey

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: adjacent

text: Palace

text: of

text: Westminster

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: Bayeux

text: Tapestry

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: lower

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: monastic

text: dormitory

text: an

text: extension

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Transept

text: survive

text: in

text: the

text: Norman

text: undercroft

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: School

text: including

text: a

text: door

text: said

text: to

text: come

text: from

text: the

text: previous

text: Saxon

text: abbey

text: Increased

text: endowments

text: supported

text: a

text: community

text: increased

text: from

text: a

text: dozen

text: monks

text: in

text: Dunstan

text: 's

text: original

text: foundation

text: up

text: to

text: a

text: maximum

text: about

text: eighty

text: monks

text: although

text: there

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: large

text: community

text: of

text: lay

text: brothers

text: who

text: supported

text: the

text: monastery

text: 's

text: extensive

text: property

text: and

text: activities

question: Where is the only existant depiction of Edward's abbey?

answer: Bayeux Tapestry

text: Bayeux Tapestry

question: What was the original size of Dunstan's original monk community?

answer: a dozen

text: a dozen

question: How was the community able to increase?

answer: endowments

text: endowments

question: What is adjacent the abbey?

answer: Palace of Westminster

text: Palace of Westminster


text: While the majority of flowers are perfect or hermaphrodite (having both pollen and ovule producing parts in the same flower structure), flowering plants have developed numerous morphological and physiological mechanisms to reduce or prevent self-fertilization. Heteromorphic flowers have short carpels and long stamens, or vice versa, so animal pollinators cannot easily transfer pollen to the pistil (receptive part of the carpel). Homomorphic flowers may employ a biochemical (physiological) mechanism called self-incompatibility to discriminate between self and non-self pollen grains. In other species, the male and female parts are morphologically separated, developing on different flowers.

title: Flowering_plant

title: Flowering_plant

text: While

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: flowers

text: are

text: perfect

text: or

text: hermaphrodite

text: having

text: both

text: pollen

text: and

text: ovule

text: producing

text: parts

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: flower

text: structure

text: flowering

text: plants

text: have

text: developed

text: numerous

text: morphological

text: and

text: physiological

text: mechanisms

text: to

text: reduce

text: or

text: prevent

text: self

text: fertilization

text: Heteromorphic

text: flowers

text: have

text: short

text: carpels

text: and

text: long

text: stamens

text: or

text: vice

text: versa

text: so

text: animal

text: pollinators

text: can

text: not

text: easily

text: transfer

text: pollen

text: to

text: the

text: pistil

text: receptive

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: carpel

text: Homomorphic

text: flowers

text: may

text: employ

text: a

text: biochemical

text: physiological

text: mechanism

text: called

text: self

text: incompatibility

text: to

text: discriminate

text: between

text: self

text: and

text: non

text: self

text: pollen

text: grains

text: In

text: other

text: species

text: the

text: male

text: and

text: female

text: parts

text: are

text: morphologically

text: separated

text: developing

text: on

text: different

text: flowers

question: What sexual feature do a majority of flowers demonstrate?

answer: hermaphrodite

text: hermaphrodite

question: Why did flowering plants develop numerous morphological and physiological mechanisms?

answer: reduce or prevent self-fertilization

text: reduce or prevent self-fertilization

question: Why are a heteromorphic flower's carpels and stamens different lengths?

answer: so animal pollinators cannot easily transfer pollen to the pistil

text: so animal pollinators cannot easily transfer pollen to the pistil

question: What type of mechanism might homomorphic flowers use to tell the difference between foreign and self pollen grains?

answer: biochemical

text: biochemical

question: How are some male and female parts separated for some species?

answer: different flowers

text: different flowers


text: Football and Cricket are the most popular sports among the younger generation in Nepal and there are several stadiums in the city. The sport is governed by the All Nepal Football Association (ANFA) from its headquarters in Kathmandu. The only international football stadium in the city is the Dasarath Rangasala Stadium, a multi-purpose stadium used mostly for football matches and cultural events, located in the neighborhood of Tripureshwor. It is the largest stadium in Nepal with a capacity of 25,000 spectators, built in 1956. Martyr's Memorial League is also held in this ground every year. The stadium was renovated with Chinese help before the 8th South Asian Games were held in Kathmandu and had floodlights installed. Kathmandu is home to the oldest football clubs of Nepal such as RCT, Sankata and NRT. Other prominent clubs include MMC, Machhindra FC, Tribhuwan Army Club (TAC) and MPC.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: Football

text: and

text: Cricket

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: sports

text: among

text: the

text: younger

text: generation

text: in

text: Nepal

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: several

text: stadiums

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: sport

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: All

text: Nepal

text: Football

text: Association

text: ANFA

text: from

text: its

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Kathmandu

text: The

text: only

text: international

text: football

text: stadium

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: Dasarath

text: Rangasala

text: Stadium

text: a

text: multi

text: purpose

text: stadium

text: used

text: mostly

text: for

text: football

text: matches

text: and

text: cultural

text: events

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: neighborhood

text: of

text: Tripureshwor

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: stadium

text: in

text: Nepal

text: with

text: a

text: capacity

text: of

text: spectators

text: built

text: in

text: Martyr

text: 's

text: Memorial

text: League

text: is

text: also

text: held

text: in

text: this

text: ground

text: every

text: year

text: The

text: stadium

text: was

text: renovated

text: with

text: Chinese

text: help

text: before

text: the

text: South

text: Asian

text: Games

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: Kathmandu

text: and

text: had

text: floodlights

text: installed

text: Kathmandu

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: oldest

text: football

text: clubs

text: of

text: Nepal

text: such

text: as

text: RCT

text: Sankata

text: and

text: NRT

text: Other

text: prominent

text: clubs

text: include

text: MMC

text: Machhindra

text: FC

text: Tribhuwan

text: Army

text: Club

text: TAC

text: and

text: MPC

question: Along with cricket, what sport is highly popular among Nepali youth?

answer: Football

text: Football

question: What body oversees soccer in Nepal?

answer: All Nepal Football Association

text: All Nepal Football Association

question: How many people can fit in Dasarath Rangasala Stadium?

answer: 25,000

question: In what part of Kathmandu is Dasarath Rangasala Stadium located?

answer: Tripureshwor

text: Tripureshwor

question: Who assisted Nepal in renovating Dasarath Rangasala Stadium?

answer: Chinese

text: Chinese


text: In Arabic-speaking cultures, two words are commonly used for Christians: Naṣrānī (نصراني), plural Naṣārā (نصارى) is generally understood to be derived from Nazareth through the Syriac (Aramaic); Masīḥī (مسيحي) means followers of the Messiah. The term Nasara rose to prominence in July 2014, after the Fall of Mosul to the terrorist organization Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. The nun or ن— the first letter of Nasara—was spray-painted on the property of Christians ejected from the city.

title: Christian

title: Christian

text: In

text: Arabic

text: speaking

text: cultures

text: two

text: words

text: are

text: commonly

text: used

text: for

text: Christians

text: Naṣrānī

text: نصراني

text: plural

text: Naṣārā

text: نصارى

text: is

text: generally

text: understood

text: to

text: be

text: derived

text: from

text: Nazareth

text: through

text: the

text: Syriac

text: Aramaic

text: Masīḥī

text: مسيحي

text: means

text: followers

text: of

text: the

text: Messiah

text: The

text: term

text: Nasara

text: rose

text: to

text: prominence

text: in

text: July

text: after

text: the

text: Fall

text: of

text: Mosul

text: to

text: the

text: terrorist

text: organization

text: Islamic

text: State

text: of

text: Iraq

text: and

text: the

text: Levant

text: The

text: nun

text: or

text: ن—

text: the

text: first

text: letter

text: of

text: Nasara

text: was

text: spray

text: painted

text: on

text: the

text: property

text: of

text: Christians

text: ejected

text: from

text: the

text: city

question: What does Masīḥī mean?

answer: followers of the Messiah

text: followers of the Messiah

question: When did the term Nasara become used more in modern times?

answer: July 2014

text: July 2014

question: What happened in July 2014?

answer: the Fall of Mosul

text: the Fall of Mosul

question: What was spray pained on the properties of Christians who left the area?

answer: the first letter of Nasara

text: the first letter of Nasara


text: In the early Western Han, a wealthy salt or iron industrialist, whether a semi-autonomous king or wealthy merchant, could boast funds that rivaled the imperial treasury and amass a peasant workforce of over a thousand. This kept many peasants away from their farms and denied the government a significant portion of its land tax revenue. To eliminate the influence of such private entrepreneurs, Emperor Wu nationalized the salt and iron industries in 117 BC and allowed many of the former industrialists to become officials administering the monopolies. By Eastern Han times, the central government monopolies were repealed in favor of production by commandery and county administrations, as well as private businessmen.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: Western

text: Han

text: a

text: wealthy

text: salt

text: or

text: iron

text: industrialist

text: whether

text: a

text: semi

text: autonomous

text: king

text: or

text: wealthy

text: merchant

text: could

text: boast

text: funds

text: that

text: rivaled

text: the

text: imperial

text: treasury

text: and

text: amass

text: a

text: peasant

text: workforce

text: of

text: over

text: a

text: thousand

text: This

text: kept

text: many

text: peasants

text: away

text: from

text: their

text: farms

text: and

text: denied

text: the

text: government

text: a

text: significant

text: portion

text: of

text: its

text: land

text: tax

text: revenue

text: To

text: eliminate

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: such

text: private

text: entrepreneurs

text: Emperor

text: Wu

text: nationalized

text: the

text: salt

text: and

text: iron

text: industries

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: allowed

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: industrialists

text: to

text: become

text: officials

text: administering

text: the

text: monopolies

text: By

text: Eastern

text: Han

text: times

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: monopolies

text: were

text: repealed

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: production

text: by

text: commandery

text: and

text: county

text: administrations

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: private

text: businessmen

question: In which year did Emperor Wu monopolize several industries?

answer: 117 BC

text: 117 BC

question: Who allowed industrialists to become officials in the newly state sanctioned industries?

answer: Emperor Wu

text: Emperor Wu

question: During what period did the governmental monopolies become privatized once again?

answer: Eastern Han

text: Eastern Han

question: What did Emperor Wu do to negate the influence of private entrepreneurs?

answer: nationalized the salt and iron industries

text: nationalized the salt and iron industries

question: During what era could a wealthy iron industrialist be able to rival the treasury in funds?

answer: Western Han

text: Western Han


text: Colonial records of French and Spanish slave ships and sales, and plantation records in all the former colonies, often have much more information about slaves, from which researchers are reconstructing slave family histories. Genealogists have begun to find plantation records, court records, land deeds and other sources to trace African-American families and individuals before 1870. As slaves were generally forbidden to learn to read and write, black families passed along oral histories, which have had great persistence. Similarly, Native Americans did not generally learn to read and write English, although some did in the nineteenth century. Until 1930, census enumerators used the terms free people of color and mulatto to classify people of apparent mixed race. When those terms were dropped, as a result of the lobbying by the Southern Congressional bloc, the Census Bureau used only the binary classifications of black or white, as was typical in segregated southern states.

title: Multiracial_American

title: Multiracial_American

text: Colonial

text: records

text: of

text: French

text: and

text: Spanish

text: slave

text: ships

text: and

text: sales

text: and

text: plantation

text: records

text: in

text: all

text: the

text: former

text: colonies

text: often

text: have

text: much

text: more

text: information

text: about

text: slaves

text: from

text: which

text: researchers

text: are

text: reconstructing

text: slave

text: family

text: histories

text: Genealogists

text: have

text: begun

text: to

text: find

text: plantation

text: records

text: court

text: records

text: land

text: deeds

text: and

text: other

text: sources

text: to

text: trace

text: African

text: American

text: families

text: and

text: individuals

text: before

text: As

text: slaves

text: were

text: generally

text: forbidden

text: to

text: learn

text: to

text: read

text: and

text: write

text: black

text: families

text: passed

text: along

text: oral

text: histories

text: which

text: have

text: had

text: great

text: persistence

text: Similarly

text: Native

text: Americans

text: did

text: not

text: generally

text: learn

text: to

text: read

text: and

text: write

text: English

text: although

text: some

text: did

text: in

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: Until

text: census

text: enumerators

text: used

text: the

text: terms

text: free

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: and

text: mulatto

text: to

text: classify

text: people

text: of

text: apparent

text: mixed

text: race

text: When

text: those

text: terms

text: were

text: dropped

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: lobbying

text: by

text: the

text: Southern

text: Congressional

text: bloc

text: the

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: used

text: only

text: the

text: binary

text: classifications

text: of

text: black

text: or

text: white

text: as

text: was

text: typical

text: in

text: segregated

text: southern

text: states

question: What has helped geneologists researching slaves?

answer: Colonial records of French and Spanish slave ships and sales, and plantation records in all the former colonies

text: Colonial records of French and Spanish slave ships and sales, and plantation records in all the former colonies

question: What were slaves usually not allowed to do?

answer: learn to read and write

text: learn to read and write

question: What replaced written records for black families?

answer: oral histories

text: oral histories

question: Who caused the Census Burea to drop the terms free people of color and mulatto?

answer: Southern Congressional bloc

text: Southern Congressional bloc

question: When were the terms mulatto and free people of color taken off the census?

answer: 1930


text: In July 2007, the National Archives announced it would make its collection of Universal Newsreels from 1929 to 1967 available for purchase through CreateSpace, an Amazon.com subsidiary. During the announcement, Weinstein noted that the agreement would "... reap major benefits for the public-at-large and for the National Archives." Adding, "While the public can come to our College Park, MD research room to view films and even copy them at no charge, this new program will make our holdings much more accessible to millions of people who cannot travel to the Washington, DC area." The agreement also calls for CreateSpace partnership to provide the National Archives with digital reference and preservation copies of the films as part of NARA's preservation program.

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: In

text: July

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: announced

text: it

text: would

text: make

text: its

text: collection

text: of

text: Universal

text: Newsreels

text: from

text: to

text: available

text: for

text: purchase

text: through

text: CreateSpace

text: an

text: Amazon.com

text: subsidiary

text: During

text: the

text: announcement

text: Weinstein

text: noted

text: that

text: the

text: agreement

text: would

text: reap

text: major

text: benefits

text: for

text: the

text: public

text: at

text: large

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: Adding

text: While

text: the

text: public

text: can

text: come

text: to

text: our

text: College

text: Park

text: MD

text: research

text: room

text: to

text: view

text: films

text: and

text: even

text: copy

text: them

text: at

text: no

text: charge

text: this

text: new

text: program

text: will

text: make

text: our

text: holdings

text: much

text: more

text: accessible

text: to

text: millions

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: can

text: not

text: travel

text: to

text: the

text: Washington

text: DC

text: area

text: The

text: agreement

text: also

text: calls

text: for

text: CreateSpace

text: partnership

text: to

text: provide

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: with

text: digital

text: reference

text: and

text: preservation

text: copies

text: of

text: the

text: films

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: NARA

text: 's

text: preservation

text: program

question: In what year did the National Archives announce that it would make its collection of Universal Newsreels available for purchase online?

answer: 2007

question: What company did the National Archives partner with make it's Universal Newsreels available online?

answer: CreateSpace

text: CreateSpace

question: Universal Newsreels dated from which year up to 1967 were made available through CreateSpace?

answer: 1929


text: In order to reduce negative impacts, it is desirable that pesticides be degradable or at least quickly deactivated in the environment. Such loss of activity or toxicity of pesticides is due to both innate chemical properties of the compounds and environmental processes or conditions. For example, the presence of halogens within a chemical structure often slows down degradation in an aerobic environment. Adsorption to soil may retard pesticide movement, but also may reduce bioavailability to microbial degraders.

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: In

text: order

text: to

text: reduce

text: negative

text: impacts

text: it

text: is

text: desirable

text: that

text: pesticides

text: be

text: degradable

text: or

text: at

text: least

text: quickly

text: deactivated

text: in

text: the

text: environment

text: Such

text: loss

text: of

text: activity

text: or

text: toxicity

text: of

text: pesticides

text: is

text: due

text: to

text: both

text: innate

text: chemical

text: properties

text: of

text: the

text: compounds

text: and

text: environmental

text: processes

text: or

text: conditions

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: halogens

text: within

text: a

text: chemical

text: structure

text: often

text: slows

text: down

text: degradation

text: in

text: an

text: aerobic

text: environment

text: Adsorption

text: to

text: soil

text: may

text: retard

text: pesticide

text: movement

text: but

text: also

text: may

text: reduce

text: bioavailability

text: to

text: microbial

text: degraders

question: What feature is wanted to assist with reducing negative impacts of pesticides?

answer: that pesticides be degradable

text: that pesticides be degradable

question: How else can negative impacts of pesticides be reduced?

answer: quickly deactivated in the environment

text: quickly deactivated in the environment

question: What is one way by which pesticides lose their efficacy?

answer: presence of halogens

text: presence of halogens

question: What may slow pesticide movement?

answer: Adsorption to soil

text: Adsorption to soil


text: Common dishes include soups and stews. Common ingredients include yams, sweet potato, cassava, onion, tomato and plantain. Spices, peppers and chilis are used in cooking, including Aframomum melegueta seeds (Guinea pepper).

title: Guinea-Bissau

title: Guinea

title: Bissau

text: Common

text: dishes

text: include

text: soups

text: and

text: stews

text: Common

text: ingredients

text: include

text: yams

text: sweet

text: potato

text: cassava

text: onion

text: tomato

text: and

text: plantain

text: Spices

text: peppers

text: and

text: chilis

text: are

text: used

text: in

text: cooking

text: including

text: Aframomum

text: melegueta

text: seeds

text: Guinea

text: pepper

question: What are common dishes in Guinea-Bissau?

answer: soups and stews

text: soups and stews

question: What are common ingredients in Guinea-Bissau?

answer: yams, sweet potato, cassava, onion, tomato and plantain

text: yams, sweet potato, cassava, onion, tomato and plantain

question: What are spices, peppers and chilis used in?

answer: cooking

text: cooking

question: What is another name for Guinea pepper?

answer: Aframomum melegueta seeds

text: Aframomum melegueta seeds

question: What are Guinea peppers used in?

answer: cooking

text: cooking


text: The Xbox 360's original graphical user interface was the Xbox 360 Dashboard; a tabbed interface that featured five "Blades" (formerly four blades), and was designed by AKQA and Audiobrain. It could be launched automatically when the console booted without a disc in it, or when the disc tray was ejected, but the user had the option to select what the console does if a game is in the tray on start up, or if inserted when already on. A simplified version of it was also accessible at any time via the Xbox Guide button on the gamepad. This simplified version showed the user's gamercard, Xbox Live messages and friends list. It also allowed for personal and music settings, in addition to voice or video chats, or returning to the Xbox Dashboard from the game.

title: Xbox_360

title: Xbox_360

text: The

text: Xbox

text: 's

text: original

text: graphical

text: user

text: interface

text: was

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Dashboard

text: a

text: tabbed

text: interface

text: that

text: featured

text: five

text: Blades

text: formerly

text: four

text: blades

text: and

text: was

text: designed

text: by

text: AKQA

text: and

text: Audiobrain

text: It

text: could

text: be

text: launched

text: automatically

text: when

text: the

text: console

text: booted

text: without

text: a

text: disc

text: in

text: it

text: or

text: when

text: the

text: disc

text: tray

text: was

text: ejected

text: but

text: the

text: user

text: had

text: the

text: option

text: to

text: select

text: what

text: the

text: console

text: does

text: if

text: a

text: game

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: tray

text: on

text: start

text: up

text: or

text: if

text: inserted

text: when

text: already

text: on

text: A

text: simplified

text: version

text: of

text: it

text: was

text: also

text: accessible

text: at

text: any

text: time

text: via

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Guide

text: button

text: on

text: the

text: gamepad

text: This

text: simplified

text: version

text: showed

text: the

text: user

text: 's

text: gamercard

text: Xbox

text: Live

text: messages

text: and

text: friends

text: list

text: It

text: also

text: allowed

text: for

text: personal

text: and

text: music

text: settings

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: voice

text: or

text: video

text: chats

text: or

text: returning

text: to

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Dashboard

text: from

text: the

text: game

question: What was the original user interface for the 360 called?

answer: Xbox 360 Dashboard

text: Xbox 360 Dashboard

question: Who designed this user interface?

answer: AKQA and Audiobrain

text: AKQA and Audiobrain

question: The simple dashboard could be accessed by pressing what controller button?

answer: the Xbox Guide button on the gamepad

text: the Xbox Guide button on the gamepad

question: How many tabs were on the 360 dashboard interface?

answer: five

text: five

question: The tabs on the user interface were called what?

answer: Blades

text: Blades


text: All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. Each student is given an academic advisor from the program who helps them to choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding.

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

text: All

text: of

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: 's

text: undergraduate

text: students

text: are

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: undergraduate

text: colleges

text: at

text: the

text: school

text: or

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Year

text: of

text: Studies

text: program

text: The

text: First

text: Year

text: of

text: Studies

text: program

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: to

text: guide

text: incoming

text: freshmen

text: in

text: their

text: first

text: year

text: at

text: the

text: school

text: before

text: they

text: have

text: declared

text: a

text: major

text: Each

text: student

text: is

text: given

text: an

text: academic

text: advisor

text: from

text: the

text: program

text: who

text: helps

text: them

text: to

text: choose

text: classes

text: that

text: give

text: them

text: exposure

text: to

text: any

text: major

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: interested

text: The

text: program

text: also

text: includes

text: a

text: Learning

text: Resource

text: Center

text: which

text: provides

text: time

text: management

text: collaborative

text: learning

text: and

text: subject

text: tutoring

text: This

text: program

text: has

text: been

text: recognized

text: previously

text: by

text: U.S.

text: News

text: World

text: Report

text: as

text: outstanding

question: What entity provides help with the management of time for new students at Notre Dame?

answer: Learning Resource Center

text: Learning Resource Center

question: How many colleges for undergraduates are at Notre Dame?

answer: five

text: five

question: What was created at Notre Dame in 1962 to assist first year students?

answer: The First Year of Studies program

text: The First Year of Studies program

question: Which organization declared the First Year of Studies program at Notre Dame "outstanding?"

answer: U.S. News & World Report

text: U.S. News & World Report


text: The early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates. These were combined with raids by Native Americans, who tried to protect themselves from so-called European "settlers," who in turn wanted to expand the settlement. The heart of the city was fortified according to a 1704 plan by Governor Johnson. Except those fronting Cooper River, the walls were largely removed during the 1720s.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: The

text: early

text: settlement

text: was

text: often

text: subject

text: to

text: attack

text: from

text: sea

text: and

text: land

text: including

text: periodic

text: assaults

text: from

text: Spain

text: and

text: France

text: both

text: of

text: whom

text: contested

text: England

text: 's

text: claims

text: to

text: the

text: region

text: and

text: pirates

text: These

text: were

text: combined

text: with

text: raids

text: by

text: Native

text: Americans

text: who

text: tried

text: to

text: protect

text: themselves

text: from

text: so

text: called

text: European

text: settlers

text: who

text: in

text: turn

text: wanted

text: to

text: expand

text: the

text: settlement

text: The

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: fortified

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: plan

text: by

text: Governor

text: Johnson

text: Except

text: those

text: fronting

text: Cooper

text: River

text: the

text: walls

text: were

text: largely

text: removed

text: during

text: the

question: Which country along with France contested England's claim to the Charleston region?

answer: Spain

text: Spain

question: Which group raided the settlement as a means to protect themselves from settlers?

answer: Native Americans

text: Native Americans

question: The majority of the fort walls were removed in what decade?

answer: 1720s

question: Whose 1704 plan was used to fortified the city?

answer: Governor Johnson

text: Governor Johnson

question: Beside European nations and Native Americans, who else attacked the Charleston settlement?

answer: pirates

text: pirates