text: The genome size, and the number of genes it encodes varies widely between organisms. The smallest genomes occur in viruses (which can have as few as 2 protein-coding genes), and viroids (which act as a single non-coding RNA gene). Conversely, plants can have extremely large genomes, with rice containing >46,000 protein-coding genes. The total number of protein-coding genes (the Earth's proteome) is estimated to be 5 million sequences.

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: The

text: genome

text: size

text: and

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: genes

text: it

text: encodes

text: varies

text: widely

text: between

text: organisms

text: The

text: smallest

text: genomes

text: occur

text: in

text: viruses

text: which

text: can

text: have

text: as

text: few

text: as

text: protein

text: coding

text: genes

text: and

text: viroids

text: which

text: act

text: as

text: a

text: single

text: non

text: coding

text: RNA

text: gene

text: Conversely

text: plants

text: can

text: have

text: extremely

text: large

text: genomes

text: with

text: rice

text: containing

text: protein

text: coding

text: genes

text: The

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: protein

text: coding

text: genes

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: proteome

text: is

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: million

text: sequences

question: What is one characteristic that varies widely between organisms?

answer: genome size

text: genome size

question: In which type of organism do the smallest genomes occur?

answer: viruses

text: viruses

question: What is the smallest number of protein coding genes that a virus can have?

answer: 2

question: Which organism acts as a single non coding RNA gene?

answer: viroids

text: viroids

question: What is the estimate for the total number of protein coding genes on Earth?

answer: 5 million

text: 5 million


text: Emotions have been described by some theorists as discrete and consistent responses to internal or external events which have a particular significance for the organism. Emotions are brief in duration and consist of a coordinated set of responses, which may include verbal, physiological, behavioural, and neural mechanisms. Psychotherapist Michael C. Graham describes all emotions as existing on a continuum of intensity. Thus fear might range from mild concern to terror or shame might range from simple embarrassment to toxic shame. Emotions have also been described as biologically given and a result of evolution because they provided good solutions to ancient and recurring problems that faced our ancestors. Moods are feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that often lack a contextual stimulus.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: Emotions

text: have

text: been

text: described

text: by

text: some

text: theorists

text: as

text: discrete

text: and

text: consistent

text: responses

text: to

text: internal

text: or

text: external

text: events

text: which

text: have

text: a

text: particular

text: significance

text: for

text: the

text: organism

text: Emotions

text: are

text: brief

text: in

text: duration

text: and

text: consist

text: of

text: a

text: coordinated

text: set

text: of

text: responses

text: which

text: may

text: include

text: verbal

text: physiological

text: behavioural

text: and

text: neural

text: mechanisms

text: Psychotherapist

text: Michael

text: C.

text: Graham

text: describes

text: all

text: emotions

text: as

text: existing

text: on

text: a

text: continuum

text: of

text: intensity

text: Thus

text: fear

text: might

text: range

text: from

text: mild

text: concern

text: to

text: terror

text: or

text: shame

text: might

text: range

text: from

text: simple

text: embarrassment

text: to

text: toxic

text: shame

text: Emotions

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: biologically

text: given

text: and

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: evolution

text: because

text: they

text: provided

text: good

text: solutions

text: to

text: ancient

text: and

text: recurring

text: problems

text: that

text: faced

text: our

text: ancestors

text: Moods

text: are

text: feelings

text: that

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: less

text: intense

text: than

text: emotions

text: and

text: that

text: often

text: lack

text: a

text: contextual

text: stimulus

question: Who described the concept of a continuum of intensity?

answer: Michael C. Graham

text: Michael C. Graham

question: What is Michael Graham's profession?

answer: Psychotherapist

text: Psychotherapist

question: What is an example of an extreme form of fear?

answer: terror

text: terror

question: What would be an example of mild shame?

answer: embarrassment

text: embarrassment

question: What are non-intense feelings that lack a contextual stimulus called?

answer: Moods

text: Moods


text: The Second Sino-Japanese War was soon followed by the resumed Chinese Civil War, and the cities of East China fell to the Communists one after another, the Kuomintang government again tried to make Sichuan its stronghold on the mainland, although it already saw some Communist activity since it was one area on the road of the Long March. Chiang Kai-Shek himself flew to Chongqing from Taiwan in November 1949 to lead the defense. But the same month Chongqing fell to the Communists, followed by Chengdu on 10 December. The Kuomintang general Wang Sheng wanted to stay behind with his troops to continue anticommunist guerilla war in Sichuan, but was recalled to Taiwan. Many of his soldiers made their way there as well, via Burma.

title: Sichuan

title: Sichuan

text: The

text: Second

text: Sino

text: Japanese

text: War

text: was

text: soon

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: resumed

text: Chinese

text: Civil

text: War

text: and

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: East

text: China

text: fell

text: to

text: the

text: Communists

text: one

text: after

text: another

text: the

text: Kuomintang

text: government

text: again

text: tried

text: to

text: make

text: Sichuan

text: its

text: stronghold

text: on

text: the

text: mainland

text: although

text: it

text: already

text: saw

text: some

text: Communist

text: activity

text: since

text: it

text: was

text: one

text: area

text: on

text: the

text: road

text: of

text: the

text: Long

text: March

text: Chiang

text: Kai

text: Shek

text: himself

text: flew

text: to

text: Chongqing

text: from

text: Taiwan

text: in

text: November

text: to

text: lead

text: the

text: defense

text: But

text: the

text: same

text: month

text: Chongqing

text: fell

text: to

text: the

text: Communists

text: followed

text: by

text: Chengdu

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: Kuomintang

text: general

text: Wang

text: Sheng

text: wanted

text: to

text: stay

text: behind

text: with

text: his

text: troops

text: to

text: continue

text: anticommunist

text: guerilla

text: war

text: in

text: Sichuan

text: but

text: was

text: recalled

text: to

text: Taiwan

text: Many

text: of

text: his

text: soldiers

text: made

text: their

text: way

text: there

text: as

text: well

text: via

text: Burma

question: What group was the main antagonist during the Chinese Civil War?

answer: the Communists

text: the Communists

question: Who led the defense of Chongqing in November 1949?

answer: Chiang Kai-Shek

text: Chiang Kai-Shek

question: On what date in 1949 did Chengdu fall to the communists?

answer: 10 December

text: 10 December

question: Why did Sichuan see some communist activity?

answer: it was one area on the road of the Long March

text: it was one area on the road of the Long March


text: German cinema dates back to the very early years of the medium with the work of Max Skladanowsky. It was particularly influential during the years of the Weimar Republic with German expressionists such as Robert Wiene and Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau. The Nazi era produced mostly propaganda films although the work of Leni Riefenstahl still introduced new aesthetics in film. From the 1960s, New German Cinema directors such as Volker Schlöndorff, Werner Herzog, Wim Wenders, Rainer Werner Fassbinder placed West-German cinema back onto the international stage with their often provocative films, while the Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft controlled film production in the GDR.

title: Germans

title: Germans

text: German

text: cinema

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: very

text: early

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: medium

text: with

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Max

text: Skladanowsky

text: It

text: was

text: particularly

text: influential

text: during

text: the

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: Weimar

text: Republic

text: with

text: German

text: expressionists

text: such

text: as

text: Robert

text: Wiene

text: and

text: Friedrich

text: Wilhelm

text: Murnau

text: The

text: Nazi

text: era

text: produced

text: mostly

text: propaganda

text: films

text: although

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Leni

text: Riefenstahl

text: still

text: introduced

text: new

text: aesthetics

text: in

text: film

text: From

text: the

text: New

text: German

text: Cinema

text: directors

text: such

text: as

text: Volker

text: Schlöndorff

text: Werner

text: Herzog

text: Wim

text: Wenders

text: Rainer

text: Werner

text: Fassbinder

text: placed

text: West

text: German

text: cinema

text: back

text: onto

text: the

text: international

text: stage

text: with

text: their

text: often

text: provocative

text: films

text: while

text: the

text: Deutsche

text: Film

text: Aktiengesellschaft

text: controlled

text: film

text: production

text: in

text: the

text: GDR

question: Who was the original German cinematic?

answer: Max Skladanowsky

text: Max Skladanowsky

question: What types of film were produced in the Nazi era?

answer: propaganda

text: propaganda

question: Who controls film production in the GDR?

answer: Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft

text: Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft

question: When did German cinema come back internationally?

answer: 1960s


text: Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading cultural and economic center. Iran is a major regional and middle power, exerting considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy through its large reserves of fossil fuels, which include the largest natural gas supply in the world and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves. Iran's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 19 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the fourth-largest number in Asia and 12th-largest in the world.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: Tehran

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: leading

text: cultural

text: and

text: economic

text: center

text: Iran

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: regional

text: and

text: middle

text: power

text: exerting

text: considerable

text: influence

text: in

text: international

text: energy

text: security

text: and

text: the

text: world

text: economy

text: through

text: its

text: large

text: reserves

text: of

text: fossil

text: fuels

text: which

text: include

text: the

text: largest

text: natural

text: gas

text: supply

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: proven

text: oil

text: reserves

text: Iran

text: 's

text: rich

text: cultural

text: legacy

text: is

text: reflected

text: in

text: part

text: by

text: its

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Sites

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: number

text: in

text: Asia

text: and

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: What resource does Iran have the largest supply of in the world?

answer: natural gas

text: natural gas

question: What city is Iran's capital?

answer: Tehran

text: Tehran

question: How does Iran effect the world economy and international energy markets?

answer: through its large reserves of fossil fuels

text: through its large reserves of fossil fuels

question: What resource does Iran have the fourth largest supply of in the world?

answer: proven oil reserves

text: proven oil reserves

question: How many UNESCO World Heritage Sites does Iran have?

answer: 19


text: Other educational institutions in Armenia include the American University of Armenia and the QSI International School of Yerevan. The American University of Armenia has graduate programs in Business and Law, among others. The institution owes its existence to the combined efforts of the Government of Armenia, the Armenian General Benevolent Union, U.S. Agency for International Development, and the University of California. The extension programs and the library at AUA form a new focal point for English-language intellectual life in the city. Armenia also hosts a deployment of OLPC – One Laptopschool Per child XO laptop-tablet schools.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Other

text: educational

text: institutions

text: in

text: Armenia

text: include

text: the

text: American

text: University

text: of

text: Armenia

text: and

text: the

text: QSI

text: International

text: School

text: of

text: Yerevan

text: The

text: American

text: University

text: of

text: Armenia

text: has

text: graduate

text: programs

text: in

text: Business

text: and

text: Law

text: among

text: others

text: The

text: institution

text: owes

text: its

text: existence

text: to

text: the

text: combined

text: efforts

text: of

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: Armenia

text: the

text: Armenian

text: General

text: Benevolent

text: Union

text: U.S.

text: Agency

text: for

text: International

text: Development

text: and

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: California

text: The

text: extension

text: programs

text: and

text: the

text: library

text: at

text: AUA

text: form

text: a

text: new

text: focal

text: point

text: for

text: English

text: language

text: intellectual

text: life

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: Armenia

text: also

text: hosts

text: a

text: deployment

text: of

text: OLPC

text: One

text: Laptopschool

text: Per

text: child

text: XO

text: laptop

text: tablet

text: schools

question: What does OLPC stand for?

answer: One Laptopschool Per child

text: One Laptopschool Per child

question: What are the names of some of the other higher education organizations in Armenia?

answer: American University of Armenia and the QSI International School of Yerevan

text: American University of Armenia and the QSI International School of Yerevan

question: What are some of the graduate programs available at AUA?

answer: Business and Law

text: Business and Law


text: This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are the same as existing states), then total energy spreads over all available degrees equally without distinction between "new" and "old" degrees. This mathematical result is called the second law of thermodynamics.

title: Energy

title: Energy

text: This

text: principle

text: is

text: vitally

text: important

text: to

text: understanding

text: the

text: behaviour

text: of

text: a

text: quantity

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: energy

text: called

text: entropy

text: Entropy

text: is

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: evenness

text: of

text: a

text: distribution

text: of

text: energy

text: between

text: parts

text: of

text: a

text: system

text: When

text: an

text: isolated

text: system

text: is

text: given

text: more

text: degrees

text: of

text: freedom

text: i.e.

text: given

text: new

text: available

text: energy

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: the

text: same

text: as

text: existing

text: states

text: then

text: total

text: energy

text: spreads

text: over

text: all

text: available

text: degrees

text: equally

text: without

text: distinction

text: between

text: new

text: and

text: old

text: degrees

text: This

text: mathematical

text: result

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: second

text: law

text: of

text: thermodynamics

question: What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy?

answer: entropy

text: entropy

question: What is entropy?

answer: measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system

text: measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system

question: What is the mathematical result when an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom?

answer: second law of thermodynamics

text: second law of thermodynamics


text: As an academic field, history of science began with the publication of William Whewell's History of the Inductive Sciences (first published in 1837). A more formal study of the history of science as an independent discipline was launched by George Sarton's publications, Introduction to the History of Science (1927) and the Isis journal (founded in 1912). Sarton exemplified the early 20th-century view of the history of science as the history of great men and great ideas. He shared with many of his contemporaries a Whiggish belief in history as a record of the advances and delays in the march of progress. The history of science was not a recognized subfield of American history in this period, and most of the work was carried out by interested scientists and physicians rather than professional historians. With the work of I. Bernard Cohen at Harvard, the history of science became an established subdiscipline of history after 1945.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: As

text: an

text: academic

text: field

text: history

text: of

text: science

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: publication

text: of

text: William

text: Whewell

text: 's

text: History

text: of

text: the

text: Inductive

text: Sciences

text: first

text: published

text: in

text: A

text: more

text: formal

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: science

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: discipline

text: was

text: launched

text: by

text: George

text: Sarton

text: 's

text: publications

text: Introduction

text: to

text: the

text: History

text: of

text: Science

text: and

text: the

text: Isis

text: journal

text: founded

text: in

text: Sarton

text: exemplified

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: science

text: as

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: great

text: men

text: and

text: great

text: ideas

text: He

text: shared

text: with

text: many

text: of

text: his

text: contemporaries

text: a

text: Whiggish

text: belief

text: in

text: history

text: as

text: a

text: record

text: of

text: the

text: advances

text: and

text: delays

text: in

text: the

text: march

text: of

text: progress

text: The

text: history

text: of

text: science

text: was

text: not

text: a

text: recognized

text: subfield

text: of

text: American

text: history

text: in

text: this

text: period

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: work

text: was

text: carried

text: out

text: by

text: interested

text: scientists

text: and

text: physicians

text: rather

text: than

text: professional

text: historians

text: With

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: I.

text: Bernard

text: Cohen

text: at

text: Harvard

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: science

text: became

text: an

text: established

text: subdiscipline

text: of

text: history

text: after

question: What text is the foundation of the study of the history of science?

answer: History of the Inductive Sciences

text: History of the Inductive Sciences

question: Who wrote a more professional version of History of the Inductive Sciences?

answer: George Sarton's

text: George Sarton's

question: What was the history of science during the 20th century?

answer: the history of great men and great ideas

text: the history of great men and great ideas

question: How could Sarton's ideas be described?

answer: Whiggish

text: Whiggish

question: Who studied the history of science?

answer: interested scientists and physicians

text: interested scientists and physicians


text: The value of the U.S. dollar was therefore no longer anchored to gold, and it fell upon the Federal Reserve to maintain the value of the U.S. currency. The Federal Reserve, however, continued to increase the money supply, resulting in stagflation and a rapidly declining value of the U.S. dollar in the 1970s. This was largely due to the prevailing economic view at the time that inflation and real economic growth were linked (the Phillips curve), and so inflation was regarded as relatively benign. Between 1965 and 1981, the U.S. dollar lost two thirds of its value.

title: United_States_dollar

title: United_States_dollar

text: The

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: dollar

text: was

text: therefore

text: no

text: longer

text: anchored

text: to

text: gold

text: and

text: it

text: fell

text: upon

text: the

text: Federal

text: Reserve

text: to

text: maintain

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: currency

text: The

text: Federal

text: Reserve

text: however

text: continued

text: to

text: increase

text: the

text: money

text: supply

text: resulting

text: in

text: stagflation

text: and

text: a

text: rapidly

text: declining

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: dollar

text: in

text: the

text: This

text: was

text: largely

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: prevailing

text: economic

text: view

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: that

text: inflation

text: and

text: real

text: economic

text: growth

text: were

text: linked

text: the

text: Phillips

text: curve

text: and

text: so

text: inflation

text: was

text: regarded

text: as

text: relatively

text: benign

text: Between

text: and

text: the

text: U.S.

text: dollar

text: lost

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: its

text: value

question: What was the value of the U.S. dollar no longer anchored to?

answer: gold

text: gold

question: Who's duty did it become to maintain the value of the U.S. currency?

answer: Federal Reserve

text: Federal Reserve

question: What move did the Federal Reserve take that resulted in stagflation and the decline of the U.S. dollar?

answer: increase the money supply

text: increase the money supply

question: What claimed that inflation and economic growth were linked?

answer: the Phillips curve

text: the Phillips curve

question: How much value did the U.S. dollar lose between 1965 and 1981?

answer: two thirds

text: two thirds


text: Federalism also finds expression in ecclesiology (the doctrine of the church). For example, presbyterian church governance resembles parliamentary republicanism (a form of political federalism) to a large extent. In Presbyterian denominations, the local church is ruled by elected elders, some of which are ministerial. Each church then sends representatives or commissioners to presbyteries and further to a general assembly. Each greater level of assembly has ruling authority over its constituent members. In this governmental structure, each component has some level of sovereignty over itself. As in political federalism, in presbyterian ecclesiology there is shared sovereignty.

title: Federalism

title: Federalism

text: Federalism

text: also

text: finds

text: expression

text: in

text: ecclesiology

text: the

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: For

text: example

text: presbyterian

text: church

text: governance

text: resembles

text: parliamentary

text: republicanism

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: political

text: federalism

text: to

text: a

text: large

text: extent

text: In

text: Presbyterian

text: denominations

text: the

text: local

text: church

text: is

text: ruled

text: by

text: elected

text: elders

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: ministerial

text: Each

text: church

text: then

text: sends

text: representatives

text: or

text: commissioners

text: to

text: presbyteries

text: and

text: further

text: to

text: a

text: general

text: assembly

text: Each

text: greater

text: level

text: of

text: assembly

text: has

text: ruling

text: authority

text: over

text: its

text: constituent

text: members

text: In

text: this

text: governmental

text: structure

text: each

text: component

text: has

text: some

text: level

text: of

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: itself

text: As

text: in

text: political

text: federalism

text: in

text: presbyterian

text: ecclesiology

text: there

text: is

text: shared

text: sovereignty

question: What is ecclesiology?

answer: the doctrine of the church

text: the doctrine of the church

question: What happens in Presbyterian denominations?

answer: the local church is ruled by elected elders, some of which are ministerial.

text: the local church is ruled by elected elders, some of which are ministerial.

question: In political federalism what does Presbyterian ecclesiology do?

answer: shared sovereignty

text: shared sovereignty

question: What does each greater level of assembly have?

answer: authority over its constituent members

text: authority over its constituent members


text: According to John N. Gray, Popper held that "a theory is scientific only in so far as it is falsifiable, and should be given up as soon as it is falsified." By applying Popper's account of scientific method, Gray's Straw Dogs states that this would have "killed the theories of Darwin and Einstein at birth." When they were first advanced, Gray claims, each of them was "at odds with some available evidence; only later did evidence become available that gave them crucial support." Against this, Gray seeks to establish the irrationalist thesis that "the progress of science comes from acting against reason."

title: Karl_Popper

title: Karl_Popper

text: According

text: to

text: John

text: N.

text: Gray

text: Popper

text: held

text: that

text: a

text: theory

text: is

text: scientific

text: only

text: in

text: so

text: far

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: falsifiable

text: and

text: should

text: be

text: given

text: up

text: as

text: soon

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: falsified

text: By

text: applying

text: Popper

text: 's

text: account

text: of

text: scientific

text: method

text: Gray

text: 's

text: Straw

text: Dogs

text: states

text: that

text: this

text: would

text: have

text: killed

text: the

text: theories

text: of

text: Darwin

text: and

text: Einstein

text: at

text: birth

text: When

text: they

text: were

text: first

text: advanced

text: Gray

text: claims

text: each

text: of

text: them

text: was

text: at

text: odds

text: with

text: some

text: available

text: evidence

text: only

text: later

text: did

text: evidence

text: become

text: available

text: that

text: gave

text: them

text: crucial

text: support

text: Against

text: this

text: Gray

text: seeks

text: to

text: establish

text: the

text: irrationalist

text: thesis

text: that

text: the

text: progress

text: of

text: science

text: comes

text: from

text: acting

text: against

text: reason

question: Which two prominent scientists advanced theories that John N. Gray claims would never have survived the scientific method Popper describes?

answer: Darwin and Einstein

text: Darwin and Einstein

question: Which work by John Gray challenges Popper's falsificationism?

answer: Straw Dogs

text: Straw Dogs

question: According to Gray, what should have falsified Einstein and Darwin's theories when first proposed?

answer: available evidence

text: available evidence

question: What kind of thesis does Gray advance about scientific progress?

answer: irrationalist

text: irrationalist


text: With the redevelopment of Las Vegas and the opening of two casinos in Connecticut in the early 1990s, along with newly built casinos in the nearby Philadelphia metro area in the 2000s, Atlantic City's tourism began to decline due to its failure to diversify away from gaming. Determined to expand, in 1999 the Atlantic City Redevelopment Authority partnered with Las Vegas casino mogul Steve Wynn to develop a new roadway to a barren section of the city near the Marina. Nicknamed "The Tunnel Project", Steve Wynn planned the proposed 'Mirage Atlantic City' around the idea that he would connect the $330 million tunnel stretching 2.5 miles (4.0 km) from the Atlantic City Expressway to his new resort. The roadway was later officially named the Atlantic City-Brigantine Connector, and funnels incoming traffic off of the expressway into the city's marina district and Brigantine, New Jersey.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: With

text: the

text: redevelopment

text: of

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: and

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: two

text: casinos

text: in

text: Connecticut

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: along

text: with

text: newly

text: built

text: casinos

text: in

text: the

text: nearby

text: Philadelphia

text: metro

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: 's

text: tourism

text: began

text: to

text: decline

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: failure

text: to

text: diversify

text: away

text: from

text: gaming

text: Determined

text: to

text: expand

text: in

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: Redevelopment

text: Authority

text: partnered

text: with

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: casino

text: mogul

text: Steve

text: Wynn

text: to

text: develop

text: a

text: new

text: roadway

text: to

text: a

text: barren

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: near

text: the

text: Marina

text: Nicknamed

text: The

text: Tunnel

text: Project

text: Steve

text: Wynn

text: planned

text: the

text: proposed

text: Mirage

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: around

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: he

text: would

text: connect

text: the

text: million

text: tunnel

text: stretching

text: miles

text: km

text: from

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: Expressway

text: to

text: his

text: new

text: resort

text: The

text: roadway

text: was

text: later

text: officially

text: named

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: Brigantine

text: Connector

text: and

text: funnels

text: incoming

text: traffic

text: off

text: of

text: the

text: expressway

text: into

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: marina

text: district

text: and

text: Brigantine

text: New

text: Jersey

question: Atlantic City's tourism began to decline due to what failure?

answer: to diversify away from gaming

text: to diversify away from gaming

question: Who did the Atlantic City Redevelopment Authority partner with in 1999?

answer: Steve Wynn

text: Steve Wynn

question: Why did the Atlantic City Redevelopment Authority partner with Steve Wynn?

answer: to develop a new roadway

text: to develop a new roadway

question: What was the project involving Steve Wynn nicknamed?

answer: The Tunnel Project

text: The Tunnel Project

question: "The Tunnel Project" was later officially named what?

answer: Atlantic City-Brigantine Connector

text: Atlantic City-Brigantine Connector


text: The term is usually used to refer to violations of important religious teachings, but is used also of views strongly opposed to any generally accepted ideas. It is used in particular in reference to Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism.

title: Heresy

title: Heresy

text: The

text: term

text: is

text: usually

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: violations

text: of

text: important

text: religious

text: teachings

text: but

text: is

text: used

text: also

text: of

text: views

text: strongly

text: opposed

text: to

text: any

text: generally

text: accepted

text: ideas

text: It

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: particular

text: in

text: reference

text: to

text: Christianity

text: Judaism

text: Islam

text: and

text: Marxism

question: What religions and idea of thought is heresy cited as being used frequently in?

answer: Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism

text: Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism


text: In 1738, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal, began a diplomatic career as the Portuguese Ambassador in London and later in Vienna. The Queen consort of Portugal, Archduchess Maria Anne Josefa of Austria, was fond of Melo; and after his first wife died, she arranged the widowed de Melo's second marriage to the daughter of the Austrian Field Marshal Leopold Josef, Count von Daun. King John V of Portugal, however, was not pleased and recalled Melo to Portugal in 1749. John V died the following year and his son, Joseph I of Portugal, was crowned. In contrast to his father, Joseph I was fond of de Melo, and with the Queen Mother's approval, he appointed Melo as Minister of Foreign Affairs.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: In

text: Sebastião

text: José

text: de

text: Carvalho

text: e

text: Melo

text: Marquis

text: of

text: Pombal

text: began

text: a

text: diplomatic

text: career

text: as

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Ambassador

text: in

text: London

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: Vienna

text: The

text: Queen

text: consort

text: of

text: Portugal

text: Archduchess

text: Maria

text: Anne

text: Josefa

text: of

text: Austria

text: was

text: fond

text: of

text: Melo

text: and

text: after

text: his

text: first

text: wife

text: died

text: she

text: arranged

text: the

text: widowed

text: de

text: Melo

text: 's

text: second

text: marriage

text: to

text: the

text: daughter

text: of

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Field

text: Marshal

text: Leopold

text: Josef

text: Count

text: von

text: Daun

text: King

text: John

text: V

text: of

text: Portugal

text: however

text: was

text: not

text: pleased

text: and

text: recalled

text: Melo

text: to

text: Portugal

text: in

text: John

text: V

text: died

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: and

text: his

text: son

text: Joseph

text: I

text: of

text: Portugal

text: was

text: crowned

text: In

text: contrast

text: to

text: his

text: father

text: Joseph

text: I

text: was

text: fond

text: of

text: de

text: Melo

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: Queen

text: Mother

text: 's

text: approval

text: he

text: appointed

text: Melo

text: as

text: Minister

text: of

text: Foreign

text: Affairs

question: Who was de Melo's second marriage to?

answer: the daughter of the Austrian Field Marshal Leopold Josef, Count von Daun

text: the daughter of the Austrian Field Marshal Leopold Josef, Count von Daun

question: Who was the 1st Marquis of Pombal?

answer: Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo

text: Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo

question: What title did Archduchess Maria Anne Josefa hold?

answer: Queen consort of Portugal

text: Queen consort of Portugal

question: Who arranged the widow de Melo's second marriage?

answer: Queen consort of Portugal

text: Queen consort of Portugal

question: Who was not pleased by de Melo's second marriage?

answer: King John V of Portugal

text: King John V of Portugal


text: New Delhi has one of India's largest bus transport systems. Buses are operated by the state-owned Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC), which owns largest fleet of compressed natural gas (CNG)-fueled buses in the world. Personal vehicles especially cars also form a major chunk of vehicles plying on New Delhi roads. New Delhi has the highest number of registered cars compared to any other metropolitan city in India. Taxis and Auto Rickshaws also ply on New Delhi roads in large numbers. New Delhi has one of the highest road density in India.

title: New_Delhi

title: New_Delhi

text: New

text: Delhi

text: has

text: one

text: of

text: India

text: 's

text: largest

text: bus

text: transport

text: systems

text: Buses

text: are

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: owned

text: Delhi

text: Transport

text: Corporation

text: DTC

text: which

text: owns

text: largest

text: fleet

text: of

text: compressed

text: natural

text: gas

text: CNG)-fueled

text: buses

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Personal

text: vehicles

text: especially

text: cars

text: also

text: form

text: a

text: major

text: chunk

text: of

text: vehicles

text: plying

text: on

text: New

text: Delhi

text: roads

text: New

text: Delhi

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: number

text: of

text: registered

text: cars

text: compared

text: to

text: any

text: other

text: metropolitan

text: city

text: in

text: India

text: Taxis

text: and

text: Auto

text: Rickshaws

text: also

text: ply

text: on

text: New

text: Delhi

text: roads

text: in

text: large

text: numbers

text: New

text: Delhi

text: has

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: highest

text: road

text: density

text: in

text: India

question: What state-owned organization operates New Delhi's bus transport system?

answer: Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC)

text: Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC)

question: Delhi Transport Company owns the world's largest fleet of buses powered by what type of fuel?

answer: compressed natural gas

text: compressed natural gas

question: What city has the highest number of registered cars of any city in India?

answer: New Delhi

text: New Delhi

question: What large metropolis has some of the highest road density in India?

answer: New Delhi

text: New Delhi

question: What type of vehicle transport system is owned by the Delhi Transport Corporation?

answer: Buses

text: Buses


text: Following speculation that Sony was working on a 'slim' model, Sony officially announced the PS3 CECH-2000 model on August 18, 2009, at the Sony Gamescom press conference. New features included a slimmer form factor, decreased power consumption, and a quieter cooling system. It was released in major territories by September 2009. As part of the release for the slim model, the console logo ceased using the "Spider-Man font" (the same font used for the title of Sony's Spider-Man 3) and the capitalized PLAYSTATION 3. It instead reverted to a more traditional PlayStation- and PlayStation 2-like 'PlayStation 3' logo with "PS3" imprinted on the console. Along with the redesigning of the console and logo, the boot screen of all consoles changed from "Sony Computer Entertainment" to "PS3 PlayStation 3", with a new chime and the game start splash screen being dropped. The cover art and packaging of games was also changed.

title: PlayStation_3

title: PlayStation_3

text: Following

text: speculation

text: that

text: Sony

text: was

text: working

text: on

text: a

text: slim

text: model

text: Sony

text: officially

text: announced

text: the

text: model

text: on

text: August

text: at

text: the

text: Sony

text: Gamescom

text: press

text: conference

text: New

text: features

text: included

text: a

text: slimmer

text: form

text: factor

text: decreased

text: power

text: consumption

text: and

text: a

text: quieter

text: cooling

text: system

text: It

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: major

text: territories

text: by

text: September

text: As

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: release

text: for

text: the

text: slim

text: model

text: the

text: console

text: logo

text: ceased

text: using

text: the

text: Spider

text: Man

text: font

text: the

text: same

text: font

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Sony

text: 's

text: Spider

text: Man

text: and

text: the

text: capitalized

text: PLAYSTATION

text: It

text: instead

text: reverted

text: to

text: a

text: more

text: traditional

text: PlayStation-

text: and

text: PlayStation

text: PlayStation

text: logo

text: with

text: imprinted

text: on

text: the

text: console

text: Along

text: with

text: the

text: redesigning

text: of

text: the

text: console

text: and

text: logo

text: the

text: boot

text: screen

text: of

text: all

text: consoles

text: changed

text: from

text: Sony

text: Computer

text: Entertainment

text: to

text: PlayStation

text: with

text: a

text: new

text: chime

text: and

text: the

text: game

text: start

text: splash

text: screen

text: being

text: dropped

text: The

text: cover

text: art

text: and

text: packaging

text: of

text: games

text: was

text: also

text: changed

question: What was the model number of the slim version of the PlayStation 3?

answer: CECH-2000

question: What font was discontinued with the release of the slim model?

answer: Spider-Man font

text: Spider-Man font

question: What would customers notice about the sound of the new, improved cooling system?

answer: quieter

text: quieter

question: What did the boot screen on the game consoles read before Sony changed it to "PS3 PlayStation 3"?

answer: "Sony Computer Entertainment"

text: "Sony Computer Entertainment"

question: What did Sony change about the PS3 games along with the packaging in 2009?

answer: cover art

text: cover art


text: Widespread Roman interference in the Greek world was probably inevitable given the general manner of the ascendency of the Roman Republic. This Roman-Greek interaction began as a consequence of the Greek city-states located along the coast of southern Italy. Rome had come to dominate the Italian peninsula, and desired the submission of the Greek cities to its rule. Although they initially resisted, allying themselves with Pyrrhus of Epirus, and defeating the Romans at several battles, the Greek cities were unable to maintain this position and were absorbed by the Roman republic. Shortly afterwards, Rome became involved in Sicily, fighting against the Carthaginians in the First Punic War. The end result was the complete conquest of Sicily, including its previously powerful Greek cities, by the Romans.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Widespread

text: Roman

text: interference

text: in

text: the

text: Greek

text: world

text: was

text: probably

text: inevitable

text: given

text: the

text: general

text: manner

text: of

text: the

text: ascendency

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: This

text: Roman

text: Greek

text: interaction

text: began

text: as

text: a

text: consequence

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: city

text: states

text: located

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: southern

text: Italy

text: Rome

text: had

text: come

text: to

text: dominate

text: the

text: Italian

text: peninsula

text: and

text: desired

text: the

text: submission

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: cities

text: to

text: its

text: rule

text: Although

text: they

text: initially

text: resisted

text: allying

text: themselves

text: with

text: Pyrrhus

text: of

text: Epirus

text: and

text: defeating

text: the

text: Romans

text: at

text: several

text: battles

text: the

text: Greek

text: cities

text: were

text: unable

text: to

text: maintain

text: this

text: position

text: and

text: were

text: absorbed

text: by

text: the

text: Roman

text: republic

text: Shortly

text: afterwards

text: Rome

text: became

text: involved

text: in

text: Sicily

text: fighting

text: against

text: the

text: Carthaginians

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Punic

text: War

text: The

text: end

text: result

text: was

text: the

text: complete

text: conquest

text: of

text: Sicily

text: including

text: its

text: previously

text: powerful

text: Greek

text: cities

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

question: Rome dominated what peninsula?

answer: Italian

text: Italian

question: Greek cities were absorbed by what republic?

answer: Roman

text: Roman

question: Rome fought against the Carthaginians in what war?

answer: First Punic War

text: First Punic War

question: Sicily was won by whom in the First Punic war?

answer: Romans

text: Romans


text: Switzerland has a stable, prosperous and high-tech economy and enjoys great wealth, being ranked as the wealthiest country in the world per capita in multiple rankings. In 2011 it was ranked as the wealthiest country in the world in per capita terms (with "wealth" being defined to include both financial and non-financial assets), while the 2013 Credit Suisse Global Wealth Report showed that Switzerland was the country with the highest average wealth per adult in 2013. It has the world's nineteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and the thirty-sixth largest by purchasing power parity. It is the twentieth largest exporter, despite its small size. Switzerland has the highest European rating in the Index of Economic Freedom 2010, while also providing large coverage through public services. The nominal per capita GDP is higher than those of the larger Western and Central European economies and Japan. If adjusted for purchasing power parity, Switzerland ranks 8th in the world in terms of GDP per capita, according to the World Bank and IMF (ranked 15th according to the CIA Worldfactbook).

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: Switzerland

text: has

text: a

text: stable

text: prosperous

text: and

text: high

text: tech

text: economy

text: and

text: enjoys

text: great

text: wealth

text: being

text: ranked

text: as

text: the

text: wealthiest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: per

text: capita

text: in

text: multiple

text: rankings

text: In

text: it

text: was

text: ranked

text: as

text: the

text: wealthiest

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: per

text: capita

text: terms

text: with

text: wealth

text: being

text: defined

text: to

text: include

text: both

text: financial

text: and

text: non

text: financial

text: assets

text: while

text: the

text: Credit

text: Suisse

text: Global

text: Wealth

text: Report

text: showed

text: that

text: Switzerland

text: was

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: average

text: wealth

text: per

text: adult

text: in

text: It

text: has

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: nineteenth

text: largest

text: economy

text: by

text: nominal

text: GDP

text: and

text: the

text: thirty

text: sixth

text: largest

text: by

text: purchasing

text: power

text: parity

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: twentieth

text: largest

text: exporter

text: despite

text: its

text: small

text: size

text: Switzerland

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: European

text: rating

text: in

text: the

text: Index

text: of

text: Economic

text: Freedom

text: while

text: also

text: providing

text: large

text: coverage

text: through

text: public

text: services

text: The

text: nominal

text: per

text: capita

text: GDP

text: is

text: higher

text: than

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: larger

text: Western

text: and

text: Central

text: European

text: economies

text: and

text: Japan

text: If

text: adjusted

text: for

text: purchasing

text: power

text: parity

text: Switzerland

text: ranks

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: GDP

text: per

text: capita

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: and

text: IMF

text: ranked

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: CIA

text: Worldfactbook

question: How does the Swiss economy rank worldwide by nominal GDP?

answer: nineteenth largest

text: nineteenth largest

question: How does the Swiss economy rank worldwide by purchasing power parity?

answer: thirty-sixth largest

text: thirty-sixth largest

question: What ranking does Switzerland hold in terms of GDP per capita, adjusting for purchasing power, according to the World Bank?

answer: 8th in the world

text: 8th in the world

question: Which rating was assigned to Switzerland by the Index of Economic Freedom of 2010?

answer: highest European rating

text: highest European rating


text: Synthetic crude oil, also known as syncrude, is the output from a bitumen upgrader facility used in connection with oil sand production in Canada. Bituminous sands are mined using enormous (100 ton capacity) power shovels and loaded into even larger (400 ton capacity) dump trucks for movement to an upgrading facility. The process used to extract the bitumen from the sand is a hot water process originally developed by Dr. Karl Clark of the University of Alberta during the 1920s. After extraction from the sand, the bitumen is fed into a bitumen upgrader which converts it into a light crude oil equivalent. This synthetic substance is fluid enough to be transferred through conventional oil pipelines and can be fed into conventional oil refineries without any further treatment. By 2015 Canadian bitumen upgraders were producing over 1 million barrels (160×10^3 m3) per day of synthetic crude oil, of which 75% was exported to oil refineries in the United States.

title: Asphalt

title: Asphalt

text: Synthetic

text: crude

text: oil

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: syncrude

text: is

text: the

text: output

text: from

text: a

text: bitumen

text: upgrader

text: facility

text: used

text: in

text: connection

text: with

text: oil

text: sand

text: production

text: in

text: Canada

text: Bituminous

text: sands

text: are

text: mined

text: using

text: enormous

text: ton

text: capacity

text: power

text: shovels

text: and

text: loaded

text: into

text: even

text: larger

text: ton

text: capacity

text: dump

text: trucks

text: for

text: movement

text: to

text: an

text: upgrading

text: facility

text: The

text: process

text: used

text: to

text: extract

text: the

text: bitumen

text: from

text: the

text: sand

text: is

text: a

text: hot

text: water

text: process

text: originally

text: developed

text: by

text: Dr.

text: Karl

text: Clark

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Alberta

text: during

text: the

text: After

text: extraction

text: from

text: the

text: sand

text: the

text: bitumen

text: is

text: fed

text: into

text: a

text: bitumen

text: upgrader

text: which

text: converts

text: it

text: into

text: a

text: light

text: crude

text: oil

text: equivalent

text: This

text: synthetic

text: substance

text: is

text: fluid

text: enough

text: to

text: be

text: transferred

text: through

text: conventional

text: oil

text: pipelines

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: fed

text: into

text: conventional

text: oil

text: refineries

text: without

text: any

text: further

text: treatment

text: By

text: Canadian

text: bitumen

text: upgraders

text: were

text: producing

text: over

text: million

text: barrels

text: per

text: day

text: of

text: synthetic

text: crude

text: oil

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: exported

text: to

text: oil

text: refineries

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: What is synthetic crude oil usually called?

answer: syncrude

text: syncrude

question: Where is the mined bitumen taken for refining?

answer: upgrading facility

text: upgrading facility

question: Who invented the process for removing bitumen from sands?

answer: Dr. Karl Clark

text: Dr. Karl Clark

question: Un what decade did Clark develop the hot water removal process?

answer: 1920s

question: How many barrels of crude were upgraders making per day by 2015?

answer: 1 million barrels

text: 1 million barrels


text: US army general Hoyt Vandenberg, the CIG's second director, created the Office of Special Operations (OSO), as well as the Office of Reports and Estimates (ORE). Initially the OSO was tasked with spying and subversion overseas with a budget of $15 million, the largesse of a small number of patrons in congress. Vandenberg's goals were much like the ones set out by his predecessor; finding out "everything about the Soviet forces in Eastern and Central Europe - their movements, their capabilities, and their intentions." This task fell to the 228 overseas personnel covering Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary.

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

text: US

text: army

text: general

text: Hoyt

text: Vandenberg

text: the

text: CIG

text: 's

text: second

text: director

text: created

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Special

text: Operations

text: OSO

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Reports

text: and

text: Estimates

text: ORE

text: Initially

text: the

text: OSO

text: was

text: tasked

text: with

text: spying

text: and

text: subversion

text: overseas

text: with

text: a

text: budget

text: of

text: million

text: the

text: largesse

text: of

text: a

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: patrons

text: in

text: congress

text: Vandenberg

text: 's

text: goals

text: were

text: much

text: like

text: the

text: ones

text: set

text: out

text: by

text: his

text: predecessor

text: finding

text: out

text: everything

text: about

text: the

text: Soviet

text: forces

text: in

text: Eastern

text: and

text: Central

text: Europe

text: their

text: movements

text: their

text: capabilities

text: and

text: their

text: intentions

text: This

text: task

text: fell

text: to

text: the

text: overseas

text: personnel

text: covering

text: Germany

text: Austria

text: Switzerland

text: Poland

text: Czechoslovakia

text: and

text: Hungary

question: Who created the Office of Special Operations?

answer: Hoyt Vandenberg

text: Hoyt Vandenberg

question: What does ORE stand for?

answer: Office of Reports and Estimates

text: Office of Reports and Estimates

question: What was the Office of Special Operations initial budget?

answer: $15 million

text: $15 million

question: Who was the OSO trying to track and gain intelligence on?

answer: the Soviet forces

text: the Soviet forces


text: He tells that during this time he ran into a friend who told him that he was teaching Transcendental Meditation (TM), which prompted Schwarzenegger to reveal he had been struggling with anxiety for the first time in his life: "Even today, I still benefit from [the year of TM] because I don't merge and bring things together and see everything as one big problem."

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: He

text: tells

text: that

text: during

text: this

text: time

text: he

text: ran

text: into

text: a

text: friend

text: who

text: told

text: him

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: teaching

text: Transcendental

text: Meditation

text: TM

text: which

text: prompted

text: Schwarzenegger

text: to

text: reveal

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: struggling

text: with

text: anxiety

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: his

text: life

text: Even

text: today

text: I

text: still

text: benefit

text: from

text: the

text: year

text: of

text: TM

text: because

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: merge

text: and

text: bring

text: things

text: together

text: and

text: see

text: everything

text: as

text: one

text: big

text: problem

question: What does TM stand for?

answer: Transcendental Meditation

text: Transcendental Meditation

question: What psychological problem did Schwarzenegger say he struggled with?

answer: anxiety

text: anxiety


text: Model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana are used for studying the molecular biology of plant cells and the chloroplast. Ideally, these organisms have small genomes that are well known or completely sequenced, small stature and short generation times. Corn has been used to study mechanisms of photosynthesis and phloem loading of sugar in C4 plants. The single celled green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, while not an embryophyte itself, contains a green-pigmented chloroplast related to that of land plants, making it useful for study. A red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae has also been used to study some basic chloroplast functions. Spinach, peas, soybeans and a moss Physcomitrella patens are commonly used to study plant cell biology.

title: Botany

title: Botany

text: Model

text: plants

text: such

text: as

text: Arabidopsis

text: thaliana

text: are

text: used

text: for

text: studying

text: the

text: molecular

text: biology

text: of

text: plant

text: cells

text: and

text: the

text: chloroplast

text: Ideally

text: these

text: organisms

text: have

text: small

text: genomes

text: that

text: are

text: well

text: known

text: or

text: completely

text: sequenced

text: small

text: stature

text: and

text: short

text: generation

text: times

text: Corn

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: study

text: mechanisms

text: of

text: photosynthesis

text: and

text: phloem

text: loading

text: of

text: sugar

text: in

text: plants

text: The

text: single

text: celled

text: green

text: alga

text: Chlamydomonas

text: reinhardtii

text: while

text: not

text: an

text: embryophyte

text: itself

text: contains

text: a

text: green

text: pigmented

text: chloroplast

text: related

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: land

text: plants

text: making

text: it

text: useful

text: for

text: study

text: A

text: red

text: alga

text: Cyanidioschyzon

text: merolae

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: study

text: some

text: basic

text: chloroplast

text: functions

text: Spinach

text: peas

text: soybeans

text: and

text: a

text: moss

text: Physcomitrella

text: patens

text: are

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: study

text: plant

text: cell

text: biology

question: Why is a plant chosen for the study of its cells?

answer: small genomes

text: small genomes

question: What mechanism can be studied through chromosome sequencing?

answer: photosynthesis

text: photosynthesis

question: What common plant has been used for studying the production of sugar?

answer: Corn

text: Corn

question: What simple plant has been used to study plant cells?

answer: red alga

text: red alga


text: In 1821, Alexis Bouvard published astronomical tables of the orbit of Neptune's neighbour Uranus. Subsequent observations revealed substantial deviations from the tables, leading Bouvard to hypothesise that an unknown body was perturbing the orbit through gravitational interaction. In 1843, John Couch Adams began work on the orbit of Uranus using the data he had. Via Cambridge Observatory director James Challis, he requested extra data from Sir George Airy, the Astronomer Royal, who supplied it in February 1844. Adams continued to work in 1845–46 and produced several different estimates of a new planet.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: In

text: Alexis

text: Bouvard

text: published

text: astronomical

text: tables

text: of

text: the

text: orbit

text: of

text: Neptune

text: 's

text: neighbour

text: Uranus

text: Subsequent

text: observations

text: revealed

text: substantial

text: deviations

text: from

text: the

text: tables

text: leading

text: Bouvard

text: to

text: hypothesise

text: that

text: an

text: unknown

text: body

text: was

text: perturbing

text: the

text: orbit

text: through

text: gravitational

text: interaction

text: In

text: John

text: Couch

text: Adams

text: began

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: orbit

text: of

text: Uranus

text: using

text: the

text: data

text: he

text: had

text: Via

text: Cambridge

text: Observatory

text: director

text: James

text: Challis

text: he

text: requested

text: extra

text: data

text: from

text: Sir

text: George

text: Airy

text: the

text: Astronomer

text: Royal

text: who

text: supplied

text: it

text: in

text: February

text: Adams

text: continued

text: to

text: work

text: in

text: and

text: produced

text: several

text: different

text: estimates

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: planet

question: What year did Alexis Bouvard publish relevant astronomical tables?

answer: 1821

question: What did Alexis Bouvard study?

answer: the orbit of Neptune's neighbour Uranus

text: the orbit of Neptune's neighbour Uranus

question: When did John Couch Adams begin working on the orbit of Uranus?

answer: 1843

question: Who gave John Couch Adams extra data?

answer: Sir George Airy

text: Sir George Airy

question: What did the extra data John Couch Adams received produce?

answer: several different estimates of a new planet

text: several different estimates of a new planet


text: Although dissertations on clothing and its function appear from the 19th century as colonising countries dealt with new environments, concerted scientific research into psycho-social, physiological and other functions of clothing (e.g. protective, cartage) occurred in the first half of the 20th century, with publications such as J. C. Flügel's Psychology of Clothes in 1930, and Newburgh's seminal Physiology of Heat Regulation and The Science of Clothing in 1949. By 1968, the field of environmental physiology had advanced and expanded significantly, but the science of clothing in relation to environmental physiology had changed little. While considerable research has since occurred and the knowledge-base has grown significantly, the main concepts remain unchanged, and indeed Newburgh's book is still cited by contemporary authors, including those attempting to develop thermoregulatory models of clothing development.

title: Clothing

title: Clothing

text: Although

text: dissertations

text: on

text: clothing

text: and

text: its

text: function

text: appear

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: as

text: colonising

text: countries

text: dealt

text: with

text: new

text: environments

text: concerted

text: scientific

text: research

text: into

text: psycho

text: social

text: physiological

text: and

text: other

text: functions

text: of

text: clothing

text: e.g.

text: protective

text: cartage

text: occurred

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: with

text: publications

text: such

text: as

text: J.

text: C.

text: Flügel

text: 's

text: Psychology

text: of

text: Clothes

text: in

text: and

text: Newburgh

text: 's

text: seminal

text: Physiology

text: of

text: Heat

text: Regulation

text: and

text: The

text: Science

text: of

text: Clothing

text: in

text: By

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: environmental

text: physiology

text: had

text: advanced

text: and

text: expanded

text: significantly

text: but

text: the

text: science

text: of

text: clothing

text: in

text: relation

text: to

text: environmental

text: physiology

text: had

text: changed

text: little

text: While

text: considerable

text: research

text: has

text: since

text: occurred

text: and

text: the

text: knowledge

text: base

text: has

text: grown

text: significantly

text: the

text: main

text: concepts

text: remain

text: unchanged

text: and

text: indeed

text: Newburgh

text: 's

text: book

text: is

text: still

text: cited

text: by

text: contemporary

text: authors

text: including

text: those

text: attempting

text: to

text: develop

text: thermoregulatory

text: models

text: of

text: clothing

text: development

question: What century do dissertation on clothing first appear from?

answer: 19th

question: What year was J. C. Flügel's Psychology of Clothes published?

answer: 1930

question: Whose book entitled Physiology of Heat Regulation and The Science of Clothing was published in 1949?

answer: Newburgh's

text: Newburgh's

question: How much had the science of clothing in relation to environmental factors changed by 1968?

answer: little

text: little

question: What have remained unchanged while the knowledge has grown?

answer: the main concepts

text: the main concepts


text: Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some flatbed scanners use arrays of RGB LEDs rather than the typical cold-cathode fluorescent lamp as the light source. Having independent control of three illuminated colors allows the scanner to calibrate itself for more accurate color balance, and there is no need for warm-up. Further, its sensors only need be monochromatic, since at any one time the page being scanned is only lit by one color of light. Since LEDs can also be used as photodiodes, they can be used for both photo emission and detection. This could be used, for example, in a touchscreen that registers reflected light from a finger or stylus. Many materials and biological systems are sensitive to, or dependent on, light. Grow lights use LEDs to increase photosynthesis in plants, and bacteria and viruses can be removed from water and other substances using UV LEDs for sterilization.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: Many

text: sensor

text: systems

text: rely

text: on

text: light

text: as

text: the

text: signal

text: source

text: LEDs

text: are

text: often

text: ideal

text: as

text: a

text: light

text: source

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: requirements

text: of

text: the

text: sensors

text: LEDs

text: are

text: used

text: as

text: motion

text: sensors

text: for

text: example

text: in

text: optical

text: computer

text: mice

text: The

text: Nintendo

text: Wii

text: 's

text: sensor

text: bar

text: uses

text: infrared

text: LEDs

text: Pulse

text: oximeters

text: use

text: them

text: for

text: measuring

text: oxygen

text: saturation

text: Some

text: flatbed

text: scanners

text: use

text: arrays

text: of

text: RGB

text: LEDs

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: typical

text: cold

text: cathode

text: fluorescent

text: lamp

text: as

text: the

text: light

text: source

text: Having

text: independent

text: control

text: of

text: three

text: illuminated

text: colors

text: allows

text: the

text: scanner

text: to

text: calibrate

text: itself

text: for

text: more

text: accurate

text: color

text: balance

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: need

text: for

text: warm

text: up

text: Further

text: its

text: sensors

text: only

text: need

text: be

text: monochromatic

text: since

text: at

text: any

text: one

text: time

text: the

text: page

text: being

text: scanned

text: is

text: only

text: lit

text: by

text: one

text: color

text: of

text: light

text: Since

text: LEDs

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: used

text: as

text: photodiodes

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: both

text: photo

text: emission

text: and

text: detection

text: This

text: could

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: example

text: in

text: a

text: touchscreen

text: that

text: registers

text: reflected

text: light

text: from

text: a

text: finger

text: or

text: stylus

text: Many

text: materials

text: and

text: biological

text: systems

text: are

text: sensitive

text: to

text: or

text: dependent

text: on

text: light

text: Grow

text: lights

text: use

text: LEDs

text: to

text: increase

text: photosynthesis

text: in

text: plants

text: and

text: bacteria

text: and

text: viruses

text: can

text: be

text: removed

text: from

text: water

text: and

text: other

text: substances

text: using

text: UV

text: LEDs

text: for

text: sterilization

question: What video game console uses infrared LEDs?

answer: Nintendo Wii

text: Nintendo Wii

question: What device uses infrared LEDs to measure oxygen saturation?

answer: Pulse oximeters

text: Pulse oximeters

question: Some flatbed scanners use what type of LED?

answer: RGB LEDs

text: RGB LEDs

question: By using LEDs, scanners do not have to what?

answer: warm-up

text: warm-up

question: Grow lights use LEDs for what process?

answer: increase photosynthesis in plants

text: increase photosynthesis in plants


text: Modern separation techniques such as milling, centrifugation, and pressing have enabled concentration of particular components of food, yielding flour, oils, juices, and so on, and even separate fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Inevitably, such large-scale concentration changes the nutritional content of food, saving certain nutrients while removing others. Heating techniques may also reduce food's content of many heat-labile nutrients such as certain vitamins and phytochemicals, and possibly other yet-to-be-discovered substances. Because of reduced nutritional value, processed foods are often 'enriched' or 'fortified' with some of the most critical nutrients (usually certain vitamins) that were lost during processing. Nonetheless, processed foods tend to have an inferior nutritional profile compared to whole, fresh foods, regarding content of both sugar and high GI starches, potassium/sodium, vitamins, fiber, and of intact, unoxidized (essential) fatty acids. In addition, processed foods often contain potentially harmful substances such as oxidized fats and trans fatty acids.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Modern

text: separation

text: techniques

text: such

text: as

text: milling

text: centrifugation

text: and

text: pressing

text: have

text: enabled

text: concentration

text: of

text: particular

text: components

text: of

text: food

text: yielding

text: flour

text: oils

text: juices

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: and

text: even

text: separate

text: fatty

text: acids

text: amino

text: acids

text: vitamins

text: and

text: minerals

text: Inevitably

text: such

text: large

text: scale

text: concentration

text: changes

text: the

text: nutritional

text: content

text: of

text: food

text: saving

text: certain

text: nutrients

text: while

text: removing

text: others

text: Heating

text: techniques

text: may

text: also

text: reduce

text: food

text: 's

text: content

text: of

text: many

text: heat

text: labile

text: nutrients

text: such

text: as

text: certain

text: vitamins

text: and

text: phytochemicals

text: and

text: possibly

text: other

text: yet

text: to

text: be

text: discovered

text: substances

text: Because

text: of

text: reduced

text: nutritional

text: value

text: processed

text: foods

text: are

text: often

text: enriched

text: or

text: fortified

text: with

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: critical

text: nutrients

text: usually

text: certain

text: vitamins

text: that

text: were

text: lost

text: during

text: processing

text: Nonetheless

text: processed

text: foods

text: tend

text: to

text: have

text: an

text: inferior

text: nutritional

text: profile

text: compared

text: to

text: whole

text: fresh

text: foods

text: regarding

text: content

text: of

text: both

text: sugar

text: and

text: high

text: GI

text: starches

text: potassium

text: sodium

text: vitamins

text: fiber

text: and

text: of

text: intact

text: unoxidized

text: essential

text: fatty

text: acids

text: In

text: addition

text: processed

text: foods

text: often

text: contain

text: potentially

text: harmful

text: substances

text: such

text: as

text: oxidized

text: fats

text: and

text: trans

text: fatty

text: acids

question: Centrifugation and pressing are prime examples of what?

answer: Modern separation techniques

text: Modern separation techniques

question: An unfortunate side effect of concentrating food components is that it causes what change in the food?

answer: nutritional content

text: nutritional content

question: What kind of nutritional value do the processed foods have in comparison to their fresh variants?

answer: reduced

text: reduced

question: What is another term other than 'fortified' that can be used to describe the addition of nutrients to processed food?

answer: enriched

text: enriched

question: Outside of oxidized fats, what is another substance that is deemed harmful that can be found in processed foods?

answer: trans fatty acids

text: trans fatty acids


text: New York—often called New York City or the City of New York to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part—is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York metropolitan area, the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States and one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term New York minute. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: New

text: York

text: often

text: called

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: or

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: to

text: distinguish

text: it

text: from

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: of

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: part

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: the

text: premier

text: gateway

text: for

text: legal

text: immigration

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: urban

text: agglomerations

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: A

text: global

text: power

text: city

text: New

text: York

text: exerts

text: a

text: significant

text: impact

text: upon

text: commerce

text: finance

text: media

text: art

text: fashion

text: research

text: technology

text: education

text: and

text: entertainment

text: its

text: fast

text: pace

text: defining

text: the

text: term

text: New

text: York

text: minute

text: Home

text: to

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: center

text: for

text: international

text: diplomacy

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: financial

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: world

question: What city in the United States has the highest population?

answer: New York

text: New York

question: In what city is the United Nations based?

answer: New York

text: New York

question: What city has been called the cultural capital of the world?

answer: New York

text: New York

question: What American city welcomes the largest number of legal immigrants?

answer: New York

text: New York

question: The major gateway for immigration has been which US city?

answer: New York City

text: New York City

question: The most populated city in the United States is which city?

answer: New York City

text: New York City


text: The definition of antenna gain or power gain already includes the effect of the antenna's efficiency. Therefore, if one is trying to radiate a signal toward a receiver using a transmitter of a given power, one need only compare the gain of various antennas rather than considering the efficiency as well. This is likewise true for a receiving antenna at very high (especially microwave) frequencies, where the point is to receive a signal which is strong compared to the receiver's noise temperature. However, in the case of a directional antenna used for receiving signals with the intention of rejecting interference from different directions, one is no longer concerned with the antenna efficiency, as discussed above. In this case, rather than quoting the antenna gain, one would be more concerned with the directive gain which does not include the effect of antenna (in)efficiency. The directive gain of an antenna can be computed from the published gain divided by the antenna's efficiency.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: The

text: definition

text: of

text: antenna

text: gain

text: or

text: power

text: gain

text: already

text: includes

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: the

text: antenna

text: 's

text: efficiency

text: Therefore

text: if

text: one

text: is

text: trying

text: to

text: radiate

text: a

text: signal

text: toward

text: a

text: receiver

text: using

text: a

text: transmitter

text: of

text: a

text: given

text: power

text: one

text: need

text: only

text: compare

text: the

text: gain

text: of

text: various

text: antennas

text: rather

text: than

text: considering

text: the

text: efficiency

text: as

text: well

text: This

text: is

text: likewise

text: true

text: for

text: a

text: receiving

text: antenna

text: at

text: very

text: high

text: especially

text: microwave

text: frequencies

text: where

text: the

text: point

text: is

text: to

text: receive

text: a

text: signal

text: which

text: is

text: strong

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: receiver

text: 's

text: noise

text: temperature

text: However

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: a

text: directional

text: antenna

text: used

text: for

text: receiving

text: signals

text: with

text: the

text: intention

text: of

text: rejecting

text: interference

text: from

text: different

text: directions

text: one

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: antenna

text: efficiency

text: as

text: discussed

text: above

text: In

text: this

text: case

text: rather

text: than

text: quoting

text: the

text: antenna

text: gain

text: one

text: would

text: be

text: more

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: directive

text: gain

text: which

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: antenna

text: in)efficiency

text: The

text: directive

text: gain

text: of

text: an

text: antenna

text: can

text: be

text: computed

text: from

text: the

text: published

text: gain

text: divided

text: by

text: the

text: antenna

text: 's

text: efficiency

question: What else is also known as power gain?

answer: antenna gain

text: antenna gain

question: What is used to signal toward a reciever?

answer: transmitter

text: transmitter

question: Which gain does not iclude the effect of an antenna?

answer: directive gain

text: directive gain

question: Wats divided by the antennas efficiency?

answer: published gain

text: published gain


text: Christianity was a major unifying factor between Eastern and Western Europe before the Arab conquests, but the conquest of North Africa sundered maritime connections between those areas. Increasingly the Byzantine Church differed in language, practices, and liturgy from the western Church. The eastern church used Greek instead of the western Latin. Theological and political differences emerged, and by the early and middle 8th century issues such as iconoclasm, clerical marriage, and state control of the church had widened to the extent that the cultural and religious differences were greater than the similarities. The formal break came in 1054, when the papacy and the patriarchy of Constantinople clashed over papal supremacy and excommunicated each other, which led to the division of Christianity into two churches—the western branch became the Roman Catholic Church and the eastern branch the Orthodox Church.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: Christianity

text: was

text: a

text: major

text: unifying

text: factor

text: between

text: Eastern

text: and

text: Western

text: Europe

text: before

text: the

text: Arab

text: conquests

text: but

text: the

text: conquest

text: of

text: North

text: Africa

text: sundered

text: maritime

text: connections

text: between

text: those

text: areas

text: Increasingly

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: Church

text: differed

text: in

text: language

text: practices

text: and

text: liturgy

text: from

text: the

text: western

text: Church

text: The

text: eastern

text: church

text: used

text: Greek

text: instead

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: Latin

text: Theological

text: and

text: political

text: differences

text: emerged

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: and

text: middle

text: century

text: issues

text: such

text: as

text: iconoclasm

text: clerical

text: marriage

text: and

text: state

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: had

text: widened

text: to

text: the

text: extent

text: that

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: religious

text: differences

text: were

text: greater

text: than

text: the

text: similarities

text: The

text: formal

text: break

text: came

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: papacy

text: and

text: the

text: patriarchy

text: of

text: Constantinople

text: clashed

text: over

text: papal

text: supremacy

text: and

text: excommunicated

text: each

text: other

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: division

text: of

text: Christianity

text: into

text: two

text: churches

text: the

text: western

text: branch

text: became

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: and

text: the

text: eastern

text: branch

text: the

text: Orthodox

text: Church

question: What language was used by the eastern church?

answer: Greek

text: Greek

question: What language did the western church use?

answer: Latin

text: Latin

question: When did the eastern and western churches split?

answer: 1054

question: Over what issue did the eastern and western churches split?

answer: papal supremacy

text: papal supremacy

question: What was the eastern church subsequently known as?

answer: the Orthodox Church

text: the Orthodox Church


text: The word slovo ("word") and the related slava ("fame") and slukh ("hearing") originate from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew- ("be spoken of, fame"), cognate with Ancient Greek κλῆς (klês - "famous"), whence the name Pericles, and Latin clueo ("be called"), and English loud.

title: Slavs

title: Slavs

text: The

text: word

text: slovo

text: word

text: and

text: the

text: related

text: slava

text: fame

text: and

text: slukh

text: hearing

text: originate

text: from

text: the

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: European

text: root

text: ḱlew-

text: be

text: spoken

text: of

text: fame

text: cognate

text: with

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: κλῆς

text: klês

text: famous

text: whence

text: the

text: name

text: Pericles

text: and

text: Latin

text: clueo

text: be

text: called

text: and

text: English

text: loud

question: Slovo, slava, and slukh all originate from what Proto-Indo-European root?

answer: *ḱlew

text: *ḱlew

question: The Ancient Greek κλῆς (klês - "famous") helped create what famous name?

answer: Pericles

text: Pericles

question: What three words originated from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew- ("be spoken of, fame")?

answer: he word slovo ("word") and the related slava ("fame") and slukh ("hearing")

text: he word slovo ("word") and the related slava ("fame") and slukh ("hearing")


text: In response to the September 11 attacks, and as part of the Global War on Terror, U.S. and NATO forces invaded Afghanistan in October 2001, displacing the Taliban government. The U.S. Army also led the combined U.S. and allied invasion of Iraq in 2003. It served as the primary source for ground forces with its ability to sustain short and long-term deployment operations. In the following years the mission changed from conflict between regular militaries to counterinsurgency, resulting in the deaths of more than 4,000 U.S service members (as of March 2008) and injuries to thousands more. 23,813 insurgents were killed in Iraq between 2003–2011.

title: United_States_Army

title: United_States_Army

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: September

text: attacks

text: and

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Global

text: War

text: on

text: Terror

text: U.S.

text: and

text: NATO

text: forces

text: invaded

text: Afghanistan

text: in

text: October

text: displacing

text: the

text: Taliban

text: government

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: also

text: led

text: the

text: combined

text: U.S.

text: and

text: allied

text: invasion

text: of

text: Iraq

text: in

text: It

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: primary

text: source

text: for

text: ground

text: forces

text: with

text: its

text: ability

text: to

text: sustain

text: short

text: and

text: long

text: term

text: deployment

text: operations

text: In

text: the

text: following

text: years

text: the

text: mission

text: changed

text: from

text: conflict

text: between

text: regular

text: militaries

text: to

text: counterinsurgency

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: deaths

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: U.S

text: service

text: members

text: as

text: of

text: March

text: and

text: injuries

text: to

text: thousands

text: more

text: insurgents

text: were

text: killed

text: in

text: Iraq

text: between

question: Which country was invaded by the U.S. in October 2001?

answer: Afghanistan

text: Afghanistan

question: The U.S. Army invaded Iraq in what year?

answer: 2003

question: About how many U.S. soldiers died as of March 2008 due to counterinsurgency?

answer: more than 4,000

text: more than 4,000

question: How many Iraqi insurgents were killed from 2003-2011?

answer: 23,813


text: In 1943, Barcelona faced rivals Real Madrid in the semi-finals of Copa del Generalísimo (now the Copa del Rey). The first match at Les Corts was won by Barcelona 3–0. Real Madrid comfortably won the second leg, beating Barcelona 11–1. According to football writer Sid Lowe, "There have been relatively few mentions of the game [since] and it is not a result that has been particularly celebrated in Madrid. Indeed, the 11–1 occupies a far more prominent place in Barcelona's history." It has been alleged by local journalist Paco Aguilar that Barcelona's players were threatened by police in the changing room, though nothing was ever proven.

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: In

text: Barcelona

text: faced

text: rivals

text: Real

text: Madrid

text: in

text: the

text: semi

text: finals

text: of

text: Copa

text: del

text: Generalísimo

text: now

text: the

text: Copa

text: del

text: Rey

text: The

text: first

text: match

text: at

text: Les

text: Corts

text: was

text: won

text: by

text: Barcelona

text: Real

text: Madrid

text: comfortably

text: won

text: the

text: second

text: leg

text: beating

text: Barcelona

text: According

text: to

text: football

text: writer

text: Sid

text: Lowe

text: There

text: have

text: been

text: relatively

text: few

text: mentions

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: since

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: result

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: particularly

text: celebrated

text: in

text: Madrid

text: Indeed

text: the

text: occupies

text: a

text: far

text: more

text: prominent

text: place

text: in

text: Barcelona

text: 's

text: history

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: alleged

text: by

text: local

text: journalist

text: Paco

text: Aguilar

text: that

text: Barcelona

text: 's

text: players

text: were

text: threatened

text: by

text: police

text: in

text: the

text: changing

text: room

text: though

text: nothing

text: was

text: ever

text: proven

question: What team won the first match in the 1943 Copa del Generalissimo?

answer: Barcelona

text: Barcelona

question: What was the score of the second match in 1943 played against Real Madrid?

answer: 11–1

question: Who is rumored to have threatened Barcelona players before the match against Real Madrid?

answer: police

text: police

question: What journalist alleged that the Barcelona team was threatened to make certain of Real Madrid's win?

answer: Paco Aguilar

text: Paco Aguilar

question: What was proven about the alleged threats to Barcelona before the game?

answer: nothing

text: nothing


text: Bewick then describes an experiment which succeeded in keeping swallows alive in Britain for several years, where they remained warm and dry through the winters. He concludes:

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: Bewick

text: then

text: describes

text: an

text: experiment

text: which

text: succeeded

text: in

text: keeping

text: swallows

text: alive

text: in

text: Britain

text: for

text: several

text: years

text: where

text: they

text: remained

text: warm

text: and

text: dry

text: through

text: the

text: winters

text: He

text: concludes

question: Who describes an experiment with swallows?

answer: Bewick

text: Bewick

question: Where did this experiment take place?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: How did the experiment succeed?

answer: they remained warm and dry through the winters

text: they remained warm and dry through the winters

question: How long did the birds stay alive?

answer: several years

text: several years


text: In 1888, the Italian administration launched its first development projects in the new colony. The Eritrean Railway was completed to Saati in 1888, and reached Asmara in the highlands in 1911. The Asmara–Massawa Cableway was the longest line in the world during its time, but was later dismantled by the British in World War II. Besides major infrastructural projects, the colonial authorities invested significantly in the agricultural sector. It also oversaw the provision of urban amenities in Asmara and Massawa, and employed many Eritreans in public service, particularly in the police and public works departments. Thousands of Eritreans were concurrently enlisted in the army, serving during the Italo-Turkish War in Libya as well as the First and second Italo-Abyssinian Wars.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: In

text: the

text: Italian

text: administration

text: launched

text: its

text: first

text: development

text: projects

text: in

text: the

text: new

text: colony

text: The

text: Eritrean

text: Railway

text: was

text: completed

text: to

text: Saati

text: in

text: and

text: reached

text: Asmara

text: in

text: the

text: highlands

text: in

text: The

text: Asmara

text: Massawa

text: Cableway

text: was

text: the

text: longest

text: line

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: during

text: its

text: time

text: but

text: was

text: later

text: dismantled

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Besides

text: major

text: infrastructural

text: projects

text: the

text: colonial

text: authorities

text: invested

text: significantly

text: in

text: the

text: agricultural

text: sector

text: It

text: also

text: oversaw

text: the

text: provision

text: of

text: urban

text: amenities

text: in

text: Asmara

text: and

text: Massawa

text: and

text: employed

text: many

text: Eritreans

text: in

text: public

text: service

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: police

text: and

text: public

text: works

text: departments

text: Thousands

text: of

text: Eritreans

text: were

text: concurrently

text: enlisted

text: in

text: the

text: army

text: serving

text: during

text: the

text: Italo

text: Turkish

text: War

text: in

text: Libya

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: First

text: and

text: second

text: Italo

text: Abyssinian

text: Wars

question: When was the Eritrean Railway completed in Saati?

answer: 1888

question: When did the Eritrean Railway reach the Asmara highlands?

answer: 1911

question: What was the longest line in the world during its time?

answer: The Asmara–Massawa Cableway

text: The Asmara–Massawa Cableway

question: Who dismantled the Asmara-Massawa Cableway?

answer: the British

text: the British

question: In what areas of public service were Eritreans particularly employed?

answer: police and public works departments

text: police and public works departments


text: The decision to change strategy is sometimes claimed as a major mistake by the Oberkommando der Luftwaffe (OKL). It is argued that persisting with attacks on RAF airfields might have won air superiority for the Luftwaffe. Others argue that the Luftwaffe made little impression on Fighter Command in the last week of August and first week of September and that the shift in strategy was not decisive. It has also been argued that it was doubtful the Luftwaffe could have won air superiority before the "weather window" began to deteriorate in October. It was also possible, if RAF losses became severe, that they could pull out to the north, wait for the German invasion, then redeploy southward again. Other historians argue that the outcome of the air battle was irrelevant; the massive numerical superiority of British naval forces and the inherent weakness of the Kriegsmarine would have made the projected German invasion, Unternehmen Seelöwe (Operation Sea Lion), a disaster with or without German air superiority.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: The

text: decision

text: to

text: change

text: strategy

text: is

text: sometimes

text: claimed

text: as

text: a

text: major

text: mistake

text: by

text: the

text: Oberkommando

text: der

text: Luftwaffe

text: OKL

text: It

text: is

text: argued

text: that

text: persisting

text: with

text: attacks

text: on

text: RAF

text: airfields

text: might

text: have

text: won

text: air

text: superiority

text: for

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: Others

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: made

text: little

text: impression

text: on

text: Fighter

text: Command

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: week

text: of

text: August

text: and

text: first

text: week

text: of

text: September

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: shift

text: in

text: strategy

text: was

text: not

text: decisive

text: It

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: argued

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: doubtful

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: could

text: have

text: won

text: air

text: superiority

text: before

text: the

text: weather

text: window

text: began

text: to

text: deteriorate

text: in

text: October

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: possible

text: if

text: RAF

text: losses

text: became

text: severe

text: that

text: they

text: could

text: pull

text: out

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: wait

text: for

text: the

text: German

text: invasion

text: then

text: redeploy

text: southward

text: again

text: Other

text: historians

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: outcome

text: of

text: the

text: air

text: battle

text: was

text: irrelevant

text: the

text: massive

text: numerical

text: superiority

text: of

text: British

text: naval

text: forces

text: and

text: the

text: inherent

text: weakness

text: of

text: the

text: Kriegsmarine

text: would

text: have

text: made

text: the

text: projected

text: German

text: invasion

text: Unternehmen

text: Seelöwe

text: Operation

text: Sea

text: Lion

text: a

text: disaster

text: with

text: or

text: without

text: German

text: air

text: superiority

question: What does OKL stand for?

answer: Oberkommando der Luftwaffe

text: Oberkommando der Luftwaffe

question: What month would the weather window begin to decline?

answer: October

text: October

question: If serious loss had happened to the RAF where might they have pulled out of?

answer: the north

text: the north

question: What is the German name of Operation Sea Lion?

answer: Unternehmen Seelöwe

text: Unternehmen Seelöwe

question: Who had exponential larger naval forces?

answer: British naval forces

text: British naval forces


text: Some fans enjoy a pastime of collecting tapes of wrestling shows from specific companies, of certain wrestlers, or of specific genres. The Internet has given fans exposure to worldwide variations of wrestling they would be unable to see otherwise. Since the 1990s, many companies have been founded which deal primarily in wrestling footage. When the WWF purchased both WCW and ECW in 2001, they also obtained the entire past video libraries of both productions and have released many past matches online and on home video.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: Some

text: fans

text: enjoy

text: a

text: pastime

text: of

text: collecting

text: tapes

text: of

text: wrestling

text: shows

text: from

text: specific

text: companies

text: of

text: certain

text: wrestlers

text: or

text: of

text: specific

text: genres

text: The

text: Internet

text: has

text: given

text: fans

text: exposure

text: to

text: worldwide

text: variations

text: of

text: wrestling

text: they

text: would

text: be

text: unable

text: to

text: see

text: otherwise

text: Since

text: the

text: many

text: companies

text: have

text: been

text: founded

text: which

text: deal

text: primarily

text: in

text: wrestling

text: footage

text: When

text: the

text: WWF

text: purchased

text: both

text: WCW

text: and

text: ECW

text: in

text: they

text: also

text: obtained

text: the

text: entire

text: past

text: video

text: libraries

text: of

text: both

text: productions

text: and

text: have

text: released

text: many

text: past

text: matches

text: online

text: and

text: on

text: home

text: video

question: What do some fans like to do?

answer: collecting tapes of wrestling shows

text: collecting tapes of wrestling shows

question: What has the internet done for wrestling fans?

answer: exposure to worldwide variations of wrestling

text: exposure to worldwide variations of wrestling

question: Many companies who handle wrestling footage have been founded since what decade?

answer: 1990s

question: What companies did WWF purchase in 2001?

answer: WCW and ECW

text: WCW and ECW