text: Prior to the second world war, birth control was prohibited in many countries, and in the United States even the discussion of contraceptive methods sometimes led to prosecution under Comstock laws. The history of the development of oral contraceptives is thus closely tied to the birth control movement and the efforts of activists Margaret Sanger, Mary Dennett, and Emma Goldman. Based on fundamental research performed by Gregory Pincus and synthetic methods for progesterone developed by Carl Djerassi at Syntex and by Frank Colton at G.D. Searle & Co., the first oral contraceptive, Enovid, was developed by E.D. Searle and Co. and approved by the FDA in 1960. The original formulation incorporated vastly excessive doses of hormones, and caused severe side effects. Nonetheless, by 1962, 1.2 million American women were on the pill, and by 1965 the number had increased to 6.5 million. The availability of a convenient form of temporary contraceptive led to dramatic changes in social mores including expanding the range of lifestyle options available to women, reducing the reliance of women on men for contraceptive practice, encouraging the delay of marriage, and increasing pre-marital co-habitation.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: Prior

text: to

text: the

text: second

text: world

text: war

text: birth

text: control

text: was

text: prohibited

text: in

text: many

text: countries

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: even

text: the

text: discussion

text: of

text: contraceptive

text: methods

text: sometimes

text: led

text: to

text: prosecution

text: under

text: Comstock

text: laws

text: The

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: oral

text: contraceptives

text: is

text: thus

text: closely

text: tied

text: to

text: the

text: birth

text: control

text: movement

text: and

text: the

text: efforts

text: of

text: activists

text: Margaret

text: Sanger

text: Mary

text: Dennett

text: and

text: Emma

text: Goldman

text: Based

text: on

text: fundamental

text: research

text: performed

text: by

text: Gregory

text: Pincus

text: and

text: synthetic

text: methods

text: for

text: progesterone

text: developed

text: by

text: Carl

text: Djerassi

text: at

text: Syntex

text: and

text: by

text: Frank

text: Colton

text: at

text: G.D.

text: Searle

text: Co.

text: the

text: first

text: oral

text: contraceptive

text: Enovid

text: was

text: developed

text: by

text: E.D.

text: Searle

text: and

text: Co.

text: and

text: approved

text: by

text: the

text: FDA

text: in

text: The

text: original

text: formulation

text: incorporated

text: vastly

text: excessive

text: doses

text: of

text: hormones

text: and

text: caused

text: severe

text: side

text: effects

text: Nonetheless

text: by

text: million

text: American

text: women

text: were

text: on

text: the

text: pill

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: number

text: had

text: increased

text: to

text: million

text: The

text: availability

text: of

text: a

text: convenient

text: form

text: of

text: temporary

text: contraceptive

text: led

text: to

text: dramatic

text: changes

text: in

text: social

text: mores

text: including

text: expanding

text: the

text: range

text: of

text: lifestyle

text: options

text: available

text: to

text: women

text: reducing

text: the

text: reliance

text: of

text: women

text: on

text: men

text: for

text: contraceptive

text: practice

text: encouraging

text: the

text: delay

text: of

text: marriage

text: and

text: increasing

text: pre

text: marital

text: co

text: habitation

question: What law prohibited birth control?

answer: Comstock laws

text: Comstock laws

question: When was Enovid first approved?

answer: 1960

question: What increased due to the availability of birth control?

answer: pre-marital co-habitation

text: pre-marital co-habitation

question: Who created the first oral birth control?

answer: E.D. Searle and Co

text: E.D. Searle and Co

question: In 1965, how many women were on the birth control pill?

answer: 6.5 million

text: 6.5 million

question: Discussing contraception sometimes led to prosecution under what laws?

answer: Comstock laws

text: Comstock laws

question: What was the name of the first oral contraceptive?

answer: Enovid

text: Enovid

question: By 1965, about how many American women were taking Enovid?

answer: 6.5 million

text: 6.5 million

question: When did the FDA approve Enovid?

answer: 1960

question: Birth control was prohibited in most countries before what war?

answer: second world war

text: second world war


text: Jim Foster, a promotions manager with the National Football League, conceived of indoor football while watching an indoor soccer match at Madison Square Garden in 1981. While at the game, he wrote his idea on a 9x12 envelope, with sketches of the field and notes on gameplay. He presented the idea to a few friends at the NFL offices, where he received praise and encouragement for his concept. After solidifying the rules and a business plan, and supplemented with sketches by a professional artist, Foster presented his idea to various television networks. He reached an agreement with NBC for a "test game".

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: Jim

text: Foster

text: a

text: promotions

text: manager

text: with

text: the

text: National

text: Football

text: League

text: conceived

text: of

text: indoor

text: football

text: while

text: watching

text: an

text: indoor

text: soccer

text: match

text: at

text: Madison

text: Square

text: Garden

text: in

text: While

text: at

text: the

text: game

text: he

text: wrote

text: his

text: idea

text: on

text: a

text: envelope

text: with

text: sketches

text: of

text: the

text: field

text: and

text: notes

text: on

text: gameplay

text: He

text: presented

text: the

text: idea

text: to

text: a

text: few

text: friends

text: at

text: the

text: NFL

text: offices

text: where

text: he

text: received

text: praise

text: and

text: encouragement

text: for

text: his

text: concept

text: After

text: solidifying

text: the

text: rules

text: and

text: a

text: business

text: plan

text: and

text: supplemented

text: with

text: sketches

text: by

text: a

text: professional

text: artist

text: Foster

text: presented

text: his

text: idea

text: to

text: various

text: television

text: networks

text: He

text: reached

text: an

text: agreement

text: with

text: NBC

text: for

text: a

text: test

text: game

question: Who was Jim Foster's employer prior to his founding the Arena Football League?

answer: the National Football League

text: the National Football League

question: What was Jim Foster viewing when he came up with the idea for arena football?

answer: an indoor soccer match

text: an indoor soccer match

question: Where was Jim Foster when he came up with the idea for arena football?

answer: Madison Square Garden

text: Madison Square Garden

question: In what year did Jim Foster conceive of the idea of arena football?

answer: 1981

question: What television network agreed to broadcast an arena football test game?

answer: NBC

text: NBC


text: The most recent major entrant to the browser market is Chrome, first released in September 2008. Chrome's take-up has increased significantly year by year, by doubling its usage share from 8% to 16% by August 2011. This increase seems largely to be at the expense of Internet Explorer, whose share has tended to decrease from month to month. In December 2011, Chrome overtook Internet Explorer 8 as the most widely used web browser but still had lower usage than all versions of Internet Explorer combined. Chrome's user-base continued to grow and in May 2012, Chrome's usage passed the usage of all versions of Internet Explorer combined. By April 2014, Chrome's usage had hit 45%.

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: The

text: most

text: recent

text: major

text: entrant

text: to

text: the

text: browser

text: market

text: is

text: Chrome

text: first

text: released

text: in

text: September

text: Chrome

text: 's

text: take

text: up

text: has

text: increased

text: significantly

text: year

text: by

text: year

text: by

text: doubling

text: its

text: usage

text: share

text: from

text: to

text: by

text: August

text: This

text: increase

text: seems

text: largely

text: to

text: be

text: at

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: Internet

text: Explorer

text: whose

text: share

text: has

text: tended

text: to

text: decrease

text: from

text: month

text: to

text: month

text: In

text: December

text: Chrome

text: overtook

text: Internet

text: Explorer

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: used

text: web

text: browser

text: but

text: still

text: had

text: lower

text: usage

text: than

text: all

text: versions

text: of

text: Internet

text: Explorer

text: combined

text: Chrome

text: 's

text: user

text: base

text: continued

text: to

text: grow

text: and

text: in

text: May

text: Chrome

text: 's

text: usage

text: passed

text: the

text: usage

text: of

text: all

text: versions

text: of

text: Internet

text: Explorer

text: combined

text: By

text: April

text: Chrome

text: 's

text: usage

text: had

text: hit

question: Which browser is the newest to enter the field?

answer: Chrome

text: Chrome

question: When was Chrome released?

answer: September 2008

text: September 2008

question: As Chrome usage increases, which browser usage has continued to decrease?

answer: Internet Explorer

text: Internet Explorer

question: When did Chrome become more used than all versions of Internet Explorer?

answer: May 2012

text: May 2012


text: In 1860, Montevideo had 57,913 inhabitants including a number of people of African origin who had been brought as slaves and had gained their freedom around the middle of the century. By 1880, the population had quadrupled, mainly because of the great European immigration. In 1908, its population had grown massively to 309,331 inhabitants. In the course of the 20th century the city continued to receive large numbers of European immigrants, especially Spanish and Italian, followed by French, Germans or Dutch, English or Irish, Polish, Greek, Hungarians, Russians, Croats, Lebanese, Armenians, and Jews of various origins. The last wave of immigrants occurred between 1945 and 1955.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: In

text: Montevideo

text: had

text: inhabitants

text: including

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: of

text: African

text: origin

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: brought

text: as

text: slaves

text: and

text: had

text: gained

text: their

text: freedom

text: around

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: By

text: the

text: population

text: had

text: quadrupled

text: mainly

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: great

text: European

text: immigration

text: In

text: its

text: population

text: had

text: grown

text: massively

text: to

text: inhabitants

text: In

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: city

text: continued

text: to

text: receive

text: large

text: numbers

text: of

text: European

text: immigrants

text: especially

text: Spanish

text: and

text: Italian

text: followed

text: by

text: French

text: Germans

text: or

text: Dutch

text: English

text: or

text: Irish

text: Polish

text: Greek

text: Hungarians

text: Russians

text: Croats

text: Lebanese

text: Armenians

text: and

text: Jews

text: of

text: various

text: origins

text: The

text: last

text: wave

text: of

text: immigrants

text: occurred

text: between

text: and

question: How many inhabitants did Montevideo have in 1860?

answer: 57,913

question: The population quadrupled by 1880 due mainly to what?

answer: the great European immigration

text: the great European immigration

question: What happened to the population by the year 1880?

answer: had quadrupled

text: had quadrupled

question: What had the population grown to in 1908?

answer: 309,331 inhabitants

text: 309,331 inhabitants


text: Despite its relative lexical unity, the two dialectal blocks of Catalan (Eastern and Western) show some differences in word choices. Any lexical divergence within any of the two groups can be explained as an archaism. Also, usually Central Catalan acts as an innovative element.

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: Despite

text: its

text: relative

text: lexical

text: unity

text: the

text: two

text: dialectal

text: blocks

text: of

text: Catalan

text: Eastern

text: and

text: Western

text: show

text: some

text: differences

text: in

text: word

text: choices

text: Any

text: lexical

text: divergence

text: within

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: groups

text: can

text: be

text: explained

text: as

text: an

text: archaism

text: Also

text: usually

text: Central

text: Catalan

text: acts

text: as

text: an

text: innovative

text: element

question: What do the two blocks of Catalan display differences in?

answer: word choices

text: word choices

question: How can you explain differences in the language groups?

answer: as an archaism

text: as an archaism

question: What form is innovative?

answer: Central Catalan

text: Central Catalan

question: What are the two blocks of Catalan?

answer: Eastern and Western

text: Eastern and Western

question: What does an archaism explain?

answer: lexical divergence

text: lexical divergence


text: On 27 June, Rhee evacuated from Seoul with some of the government. On 28 June, at 2 am, the South Korean Army blew up the highway bridge across the Han River in an attempt to stop the North Korean army. The bridge was detonated while 4,000 refugees were crossing the bridge, and hundreds were killed. Destroying the bridge also trapped many South Korean military units north of the Han River. In spite of such desperate measures, Seoul fell that same day. A number of South Korean National Assemblymen remained in Seoul when it fell, and forty-eight subsequently pledged allegiance to the North.

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: On

text: June

text: Rhee

text: evacuated

text: from

text: Seoul

text: with

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: On

text: June

text: at

text: am

text: the

text: South

text: Korean

text: Army

text: blew

text: up

text: the

text: highway

text: bridge

text: across

text: the

text: Han

text: River

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: stop

text: the

text: North

text: Korean

text: army

text: The

text: bridge

text: was

text: detonated

text: while

text: refugees

text: were

text: crossing

text: the

text: bridge

text: and

text: hundreds

text: were

text: killed

text: Destroying

text: the

text: bridge

text: also

text: trapped

text: many

text: South

text: Korean

text: military

text: units

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Han

text: River

text: In

text: spite

text: of

text: such

text: desperate

text: measures

text: Seoul

text: fell

text: that

text: same

text: day

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: South

text: Korean

text: National

text: Assemblymen

text: remained

text: in

text: Seoul

text: when

text: it

text: fell

text: and

text: forty

text: eight

text: subsequently

text: pledged

text: allegiance

text: to

text: the

text: North

question: Who, along with members of the South Korean government, fled South Korea?

answer: Rhee

text: Rhee

question: What bridge were refugees attempting to cross when it was blown up by the South Korean Army?

answer: Han River

text: Han River

question: How many South Korean National Assemblyman pledged their allegiance to Seoul?

answer: forty-eight

text: forty-eight

question: What did South Korea do to cause members of the South Korean military unit to become trapped near the Han River?

answer: blew up the highway bridge

text: blew up the highway bridge

question: What day was the city of Seoul captured?

answer: 28 June

text: 28 June


text: In modular arithmetic, two integers are added and then the sum is divided by a positive integer called the modulus. The result of modular addition is the remainder of that division. For any modulus, n, the set of integers from 0 to n − 1 forms a group under modular addition: the inverse of any element a is n − a, and 0 is the identity element. This is familiar from the addition of hours on the face of a clock: if the hour hand is on 9 and is advanced 4 hours, it ends up on 1, as shown at the right. This is expressed by saying that 9 + 4 equals 1 "modulo 12" or, in symbols,

title: Group_(mathematics)

title: Group_(mathematics

text: In

text: modular

text: arithmetic

text: two

text: integers

text: are

text: added

text: and

text: then

text: the

text: sum

text: is

text: divided

text: by

text: a

text: positive

text: integer

text: called

text: the

text: modulus

text: The

text: result

text: of

text: modular

text: addition

text: is

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: that

text: division

text: For

text: any

text: modulus

text: n

text: the

text: set

text: of

text: integers

text: from

text: to

text: n

text: forms

text: a

text: group

text: under

text: modular

text: addition

text: the

text: inverse

text: of

text: any

text: element

text: a

text: is

text: n

text: a

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: identity

text: element

text: This

text: is

text: familiar

text: from

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: hours

text: on

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: a

text: clock

text: if

text: the

text: hour

text: hand

text: is

text: on

text: and

text: is

text: advanced

text: hours

text: it

text: ends

text: up

text: on

text: as

text: shown

text: at

text: the

text: right

text: This

text: is

text: expressed

text: by

text: saying

text: that

text: equals

text: modulo

text: or

text: in

text: symbols

question: What positive integer is used to divide the sum of two positive integers in modular mathematics?

answer: the modulus

text: the modulus

question: What results from modular addition?

answer: the remainder of that division

text: the remainder of that division

question: What type of device can be use to demonstrate modular addition?

answer: a clock

text: a clock


text: In the medieval period the wall circuit was expanded. Via Vittorio Emanuele continued to be the main road east-west through the walled city. West gate was still Porta Nuova, the circuit continued to Corso Alberti, to Piazza Vittorio Emanuele Orlando where it turned east along Via Volturno to Piazza Verdi and along the line of Via Cavour. At this north-east corner there was a defence, Castello a Mare, to protect the port at La Cala. A huge chain was used to block La Cala with the other end at S Maria della Catena (St Mary of the Chain). The sea-side wall was along the western side of Foro Italico Umberto. The wall turns west along the northern side of Via Abramo Lincoln, continues along Corso Tukory. The wall turns north approximately on Via Benedetto, to Palazzo dei Normanni and back to Porta Nuova. Source: Palermo - City Guide by Adriana Chirco, 1998, Dario Flaccovio Editore.

title: Palermo

title: Palermo

text: In

text: the

text: medieval

text: period

text: the

text: wall

text: circuit

text: was

text: expanded

text: Via

text: Vittorio

text: Emanuele

text: continued

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: main

text: road

text: east

text: west

text: through

text: the

text: walled

text: city

text: West

text: gate

text: was

text: still

text: Porta

text: Nuova

text: the

text: circuit

text: continued

text: to

text: Corso

text: Alberti

text: to

text: Piazza

text: Vittorio

text: Emanuele

text: Orlando

text: where

text: it

text: turned

text: east

text: along

text: Via

text: Volturno

text: to

text: Piazza

text: Verdi

text: and

text: along

text: the

text: line

text: of

text: Via

text: Cavour

text: At

text: this

text: north

text: east

text: corner

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: defence

text: Castello

text: a

text: Mare

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: port

text: at

text: La

text: Cala

text: A

text: huge

text: chain

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: block

text: La

text: Cala

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: end

text: at

text: S

text: Maria

text: della

text: Catena

text: St

text: Mary

text: of

text: the

text: Chain

text: The

text: sea

text: side

text: wall

text: was

text: along

text: the

text: western

text: side

text: of

text: Foro

text: Italico

text: Umberto

text: The

text: wall

text: turns

text: west

text: along

text: the

text: northern

text: side

text: of

text: Via

text: Abramo

text: Lincoln

text: continues

text: along

text: Corso

text: Tukory

text: The

text: wall

text: turns

text: north

text: approximately

text: on

text: Via

text: Benedetto

text: to

text: Palazzo

text: dei

text: Normanni

text: and

text: back

text: to

text: Porta

text: Nuova

text: Source

text: Palermo

text: City

text: Guide

text: by

text: Adriana

text: Chirco

text: Dario

text: Flaccovio

text: Editore

question: What was the purpose of Castello a Mare?

answer: to protect the port at La Cala

text: to protect the port at La Cala

question: What was used to block passage through the La Cala port?

answer: A huge chain

text: A huge chain

question: During which historical period was the wall circuit expanded?

answer: medieval

text: medieval


text: In Theravada doctrine, a person may awaken from the "sleep of ignorance" by directly realizing the true nature of reality; such people are called arahants and occasionally buddhas. After numerous lifetimes of spiritual striving, they have reached the end of the cycle of rebirth, no longer reincarnating as human, animal, ghost, or other being. The commentaries to the Pali Canon classify these awakened beings into three types:

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: In

text: Theravada

text: doctrine

text: a

text: person

text: may

text: awaken

text: from

text: the

text: sleep

text: of

text: ignorance

text: by

text: directly

text: realizing

text: the

text: true

text: nature

text: of

text: reality

text: such

text: people

text: are

text: called

text: arahants

text: and

text: occasionally

text: buddhas

text: After

text: numerous

text: lifetimes

text: of

text: spiritual

text: striving

text: they

text: have

text: reached

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: cycle

text: of

text: rebirth

text: no

text: longer

text: reincarnating

text: as

text: human

text: animal

text: ghost

text: or

text: other

text: being

text: The

text: commentaries

text: to

text: the

text: Pali

text: Canon

text: classify

text: these

text: awakened

text: beings

text: into

text: three

text: types

question: A person can awaken from the "sleep of ignorance" by acknowledging the true nature of what?

answer: reality

text: reality

question: At the end of the cycle of rebirth a person is called what?

answer: arahants

text: arahants


text: Thermographic cameras detect radiation in the infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum (roughly 900–14,000 nanometers or 0.9–14 μm) and produce images of that radiation. Since infrared radiation is emitted by all objects based on their temperatures, according to the black body radiation law, thermography makes it possible to "see" one's environment with or without visible illumination. The amount of radiation emitted by an object increases with temperature, therefore thermography allows one to see variations in temperature (hence the name).

title: Infrared

title: Infrared

text: Thermographic

text: cameras

text: detect

text: radiation

text: in

text: the

text: infrared

text: range

text: of

text: the

text: electromagnetic

text: spectrum

text: roughly

text: nanometers

text: or

text: μm

text: and

text: produce

text: images

text: of

text: that

text: radiation

text: Since

text: infrared

text: radiation

text: is

text: emitted

text: by

text: all

text: objects

text: based

text: on

text: their

text: temperatures

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: black

text: body

text: radiation

text: law

text: thermography

text: makes

text: it

text: possible

text: to

text: see

text: one

text: 's

text: environment

text: with

text: or

text: without

text: visible

text: illumination

text: The

text: amount

text: of

text: radiation

text: emitted

text: by

text: an

text: object

text: increases

text: with

text: temperature

text: therefore

text: thermography

text: allows

text: one

text: to

text: see

text: variations

text: in

text: temperature

text: hence

text: the

text: name

question: What is the range of the electromagnetic spectrum in micrometers?

answer: 0.9–14

question: In nanometers, what is the electromagnetic spectrum's range?

answer: 900–14,000

question: What law states that infrared radiation is emitted by objects based on temperature?

answer: the black body radiation law

text: the black body radiation law

question: What happens to the amount of radiation an object emits as temperature increases?

answer: increases

text: increases

question: What type of cameras see infrared radiation?

answer: Thermographic

text: Thermographic


text: The dollar was first based on the value and look of the Spanish dollar, used widely in Spanish America from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The first dollar coins issued by the United States Mint (founded 1792) were similar in size and composition to the Spanish dollar, minted in Mexico and Peru. The Spanish, U.S. silver dollars, and later, Mexican silver pesos circulated side by side in the United States, and the Spanish dollar and Mexican peso remained legal tender until the Coinage Act of 1857. The coinage of various English colonies also circulated. The lion dollar was popular in the Dutch New Netherland Colony (New York), but the lion dollar also circulated throughout the English colonies during the 17th century and early 18th century. Examples circulating in the colonies were usually worn so that the design was not fully distinguishable, thus they were sometimes referred to as "dog dollars".

title: United_States_dollar

title: United_States_dollar

text: The

text: dollar

text: was

text: first

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: value

text: and

text: look

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: dollar

text: used

text: widely

text: in

text: Spanish

text: America

text: from

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: centuries

text: The

text: first

text: dollar

text: coins

text: issued

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Mint

text: founded

text: were

text: similar

text: in

text: size

text: and

text: composition

text: to

text: the

text: Spanish

text: dollar

text: minted

text: in

text: Mexico

text: and

text: Peru

text: The

text: Spanish

text: U.S.

text: silver

text: dollars

text: and

text: later

text: Mexican

text: silver

text: pesos

text: circulated

text: side

text: by

text: side

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: Spanish

text: dollar

text: and

text: Mexican

text: peso

text: remained

text: legal

text: tender

text: until

text: the

text: Coinage

text: Act

text: of

text: The

text: coinage

text: of

text: various

text: English

text: colonies

text: also

text: circulated

text: The

text: lion

text: dollar

text: was

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: Dutch

text: New

text: Netherland

text: Colony

text: New

text: York

text: but

text: the

text: lion

text: dollar

text: also

text: circulated

text: throughout

text: the

text: English

text: colonies

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: early

text: century

text: Examples

text: circulating

text: in

text: the

text: colonies

text: were

text: usually

text: worn

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: design

text: was

text: not

text: fully

text: distinguishable

text: thus

text: they

text: were

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: dog

text: dollars

question: What was the look of the dollar based on?

answer: Spanish dollar

text: Spanish dollar

question: In which century did the Spanish dollar start being used in Spanish America?

answer: 16th

question: When was the United States Mint founded?

answer: 1792

question: Outside of Mexico, where else was the Spanish dollar minted?

answer: Peru

text: Peru

question: When were the Spanish dollar and Mexican peso no longer accepted as legal tender?

answer: 1857


text: This prevented Eisenhower from openly condemning Joseph McCarthy's highly criticized methods against communism. To facilitate relations with Congress, Eisenhower decided to ignore McCarthy's controversies and thereby deprive them of more energy from involvement of the White House. This position drew criticism from a number of corners. In late 1953 McCarthy declared on national television that the employment of communists within the government was a menace and would be a pivotal issue in the 1954 Senate elections. Eisenhower was urged to respond directly and specify the various measures he had taken to purge the government of communists. Nevertheless, he refused.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: This

text: prevented

text: Eisenhower

text: from

text: openly

text: condemning

text: Joseph

text: McCarthy

text: 's

text: highly

text: criticized

text: methods

text: against

text: communism

text: To

text: facilitate

text: relations

text: with

text: Congress

text: Eisenhower

text: decided

text: to

text: ignore

text: McCarthy

text: 's

text: controversies

text: and

text: thereby

text: deprive

text: them

text: of

text: more

text: energy

text: from

text: involvement

text: of

text: the

text: White

text: House

text: This

text: position

text: drew

text: criticism

text: from

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: corners

text: In

text: late

text: McCarthy

text: declared

text: on

text: national

text: television

text: that

text: the

text: employment

text: of

text: communists

text: within

text: the

text: government

text: was

text: a

text: menace

text: and

text: would

text: be

text: a

text: pivotal

text: issue

text: in

text: the

text: Senate

text: elections

text: Eisenhower

text: was

text: urged

text: to

text: respond

text: directly

text: and

text: specify

text: the

text: various

text: measures

text: he

text: had

text: taken

text: to

text: purge

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: communists

text: Nevertheless

text: he

text: refused

question: In what year did Joseph McCarthy declare that the federal government was employing communists?

answer: 1953

question: What did Eisenhower do when he was encouraged to respond to McCarthy's accusations?

answer: he refused

text: he refused

question: Why did Eisenhower ignore McCarthy?

answer: facilitate relations with Congress

text: facilitate relations with Congress


text: Whitehead makes the startling observation that "life is comparatively deficient in survival value." If humans can only exist for about a hundred years, and rocks for eight hundred million, then one is forced to ask why complex organisms ever evolved in the first place; as Whitehead humorously notes, "they certainly did not appear because they were better at that game than the rocks around them." He then observes that the mark of higher forms of life is that they are actively engaged in modifying their environment, an activity which he theorizes is directed toward the three-fold goal of living, living well, and living better. In other words, Whitehead sees life as directed toward the purpose of increasing its own satisfaction. Without such a goal, he sees the rise of life as totally unintelligible.

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: Whitehead

text: makes

text: the

text: startling

text: observation

text: that

text: life

text: is

text: comparatively

text: deficient

text: in

text: survival

text: value

text: If

text: humans

text: can

text: only

text: exist

text: for

text: about

text: a

text: hundred

text: years

text: and

text: rocks

text: for

text: eight

text: hundred

text: million

text: then

text: one

text: is

text: forced

text: to

text: ask

text: why

text: complex

text: organisms

text: ever

text: evolved

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: place

text: as

text: Whitehead

text: humorously

text: notes

text: they

text: certainly

text: did

text: not

text: appear

text: because

text: they

text: were

text: better

text: at

text: that

text: game

text: than

text: the

text: rocks

text: around

text: them

text: He

text: then

text: observes

text: that

text: the

text: mark

text: of

text: higher

text: forms

text: of

text: life

text: is

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: actively

text: engaged

text: in

text: modifying

text: their

text: environment

text: an

text: activity

text: which

text: he

text: theorizes

text: is

text: directed

text: toward

text: the

text: three

text: fold

text: goal

text: of

text: living

text: living

text: well

text: and

text: living

text: better

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: Whitehead

text: sees

text: life

text: as

text: directed

text: toward

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: increasing

text: its

text: own

text: satisfaction

text: Without

text: such

text: a

text: goal

text: he

text: sees

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: life

text: as

text: totally

text: unintelligible

question: What observation did Whitehead make about life?

answer: "life is comparatively deficient in survival value."

text: "life is comparatively deficient in survival value."

question: What did Whitehead state was the biggest indicator of a higher form of life?

answer: they are actively engaged in modifying their environment

text: they are actively engaged in modifying their environment

question: What did Whitehead believe are the goals f life?

answer: living, living well, and living better

text: living, living well, and living better

question: What did Whitehead believe was the fundamental purpose of life?

answer: increasing its own satisfaction

text: increasing its own satisfaction

question: Whitehead observes that life is deficient in what?

answer: survival value

text: survival value

question: What are higher life forms actively engaged in?

answer: modifying their environment

text: modifying their environment

question: How many goals of living is there?

answer: three

text: three

question: Whitehead sees life as directed towards what purpose?

answer: increasing its own satisfaction

text: increasing its own satisfaction

question: Without Whitehead's proposed purpose, life would be what?

answer: unintelligible

text: unintelligible

question: What was Whitehead's response to questions about why complex life evolved?

answer: "they certainly did not appear because they were better at that game than the rocks around them."

text: "they certainly did not appear because they were better at that game than the rocks around them."


text: At its greatest extent, the Achaemenid Empire included the modern territories of Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Turkey, much of the Black Sea coastal regions, northeastern Greece and southern Bulgaria (Thrace), northern Greece and Macedonia (Paeonia and Ancient Macedon), Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, all significant ancient population centers of ancient Egypt as far west as Libya, Kuwait, northern Saudi Arabia, parts of the UAE and Oman, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and much of Central Asia, making it the first world government and the largest empire the world had yet seen.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: At

text: its

text: greatest

text: extent

text: the

text: Achaemenid

text: Empire

text: included

text: the

text: modern

text: territories

text: of

text: Iran

text: Azerbaijan

text: Armenia

text: Georgia

text: Turkey

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: coastal

text: regions

text: northeastern

text: Greece

text: and

text: southern

text: Bulgaria

text: Thrace

text: northern

text: Greece

text: and

text: Macedonia

text: Paeonia

text: and

text: Ancient

text: Macedon

text: Iraq

text: Syria

text: Lebanon

text: Jordan

text: Israel

text: Palestine

text: all

text: significant

text: ancient

text: population

text: centers

text: of

text: ancient

text: Egypt

text: as

text: far

text: west

text: as

text: Libya

text: Kuwait

text: northern

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: UAE

text: and

text: Oman

text: Pakistan

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: much

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: first

text: world

text: government

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: the

text: world

text: had

text: yet

text: seen

question: What was the first world goverment the world had seen at the time it existed?

answer: the Achaemenid Empire

text: the Achaemenid Empire

question: What was the largest empire the world had seen at the time it existed?

answer: the Achaemenid Empire

text: the Achaemenid Empire

question: What sea did the Achaemenid Empire control the majority of the coastal regions of?

answer: the Black Sea

text: the Black Sea

question: The Achaemenid Empire expanded into what part of Asia?

answer: Central Asia

text: Central Asia

question: The Achaemenid Empire controlled all of the significant settlements of what ancient country during its greatest extent?

answer: ancient Egypt

text: ancient Egypt


text: After the Revolution of 1979, as the new government imposed new laws and standards, a new age in Iranian cinema emerged, starting with Viva... by Khosrow Sinai and followed by many other directors, such as Abbas Kiarostami and Jafar Panahi. Kiarostami, an admired Iranian director, planted Iran firmly on the map of world cinema when he won the Palme d'Or for Taste of Cherry in 1997. The continuous presence of Iranian films in prestigious international festivals, such as the Cannes Film Festival, the Venice Film Festival, and the Berlin International Film Festival, attracted world attention to Iranian masterpieces. In 2006, six Iranian films, of six different styles, represented Iranian cinema at the Berlin International Film Festival. Critics considered this a remarkable event in the history of Iranian cinema.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: After

text: the

text: Revolution

text: of

text: as

text: the

text: new

text: government

text: imposed

text: new

text: laws

text: and

text: standards

text: a

text: new

text: age

text: in

text: Iranian

text: cinema

text: emerged

text: starting

text: with

text: Viva

text: by

text: Khosrow

text: Sinai

text: and

text: followed

text: by

text: many

text: other

text: directors

text: such

text: as

text: Abbas

text: Kiarostami

text: and

text: Jafar

text: Panahi

text: Kiarostami

text: an

text: admired

text: Iranian

text: director

text: planted

text: Iran

text: firmly

text: on

text: the

text: map

text: of

text: world

text: cinema

text: when

text: he

text: won

text: the

text: Palme

text: d'Or

text: for

text: Taste

text: of

text: Cherry

text: in

text: The

text: continuous

text: presence

text: of

text: Iranian

text: films

text: in

text: prestigious

text: international

text: festivals

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: the

text: Venice

text: Film

text: Festival

text: and

text: the

text: Berlin

text: International

text: Film

text: Festival

text: attracted

text: world

text: attention

text: to

text: Iranian

text: masterpieces

text: In

text: six

text: Iranian

text: films

text: of

text: six

text: different

text: styles

text: represented

text: Iranian

text: cinema

text: at

text: the

text: Berlin

text: International

text: Film

text: Festival

text: Critics

text: considered

text: this

text: a

text: remarkable

text: event

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Iranian

text: cinema

question: Which director led off a new age of Iranian film after the 1979 Revolution?

answer: Khosrow Sinai

text: Khosrow Sinai

question: What was the name of Sinai's film that ushered in Iran's new era of film after the 1979 Revolution?

answer: Viva...

text: Viva...

question: Which Iranian director won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997?

answer: Abbas Kiarostami

text: Abbas Kiarostami

question: What was the name of Kiarostami's film which won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997?

answer: Taste of Cherry

text: Taste of Cherry

question: What year did 6 different Iranian films of six different styles represent at the Berlin International Film Festival?

answer: 2006


text: According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. while 33% claim no religious affiliation. The same study says that other religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism) collectively make up about 10% of the population.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: study

text: by

text: the

text: Pew

text: Research

text: Center

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: identified

text: themselves

text: as

text: Christians

text: with

text: professing

text: attendance

text: at

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: churches

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: considered

text: Protestant

text: and

text: professing

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: beliefs

text: while

text: claim

text: no

text: religious

text: affiliation

text: The

text: same

text: study

text: says

text: that

text: other

text: religions

text: including

text: Judaism

text: Buddhism

text: Islam

text: and

text: Hinduism

text: collectively

text: make

text: up

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: population

question: In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Christian?

answer: 57%

question: In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Protestant?

answer: 25%

question: In 2014, what percent of the City of Boston was Catholic?

answer: 29%

question: In 2014, what percentage of Bostons residents did not claim to belong to any religion?

answer: 33%

question: In 2014, other religions mad eup what percentage of the citys population?

answer: 10%


text: Experts point out that the earthquake hit an area that has been largely neglected and untouched by China's economic rise. Health care is poor in inland areas such as Sichuan, highlighting the widening gap between prosperous urban dwellers and struggling rural people. Vice Minister of Health Gao Qiang told reporters in Beijing that the "public health care system in China is insufficient." The Vice Minister of Health also suggested that the government would pick up the costs of care to earthquake victims, many of whom have little or no insurance: "The government should be responsible for providing medical treatment to them," he said.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: Experts

text: point

text: out

text: that

text: the

text: earthquake

text: hit

text: an

text: area

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: largely

text: neglected

text: and

text: untouched

text: by

text: China

text: 's

text: economic

text: rise

text: Health

text: care

text: is

text: poor

text: in

text: inland

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: Sichuan

text: highlighting

text: the

text: widening

text: gap

text: between

text: prosperous

text: urban

text: dwellers

text: and

text: struggling

text: rural

text: people

text: Vice

text: Minister

text: of

text: Health

text: Gao

text: Qiang

text: told

text: reporters

text: in

text: Beijing

text: that

text: the

text: public

text: health

text: care

text: system

text: in

text: China

text: is

text: insufficient

text: The

text: Vice

text: Minister

text: of

text: Health

text: also

text: suggested

text: that

text: the

text: government

text: would

text: pick

text: up

text: the

text: costs

text: of

text: care

text: to

text: earthquake

text: victims

text: many

text: of

text: whom

text: have

text: little

text: or

text: no

text: insurance

text: The

text: government

text: should

text: be

text: responsible

text: for

text: providing

text: medical

text: treatment

text: to

text: them

text: he

text: said

question: What is poor about inland areas such as Sichuan?

answer: Health care

text: Health care

question: Who was the Vice Minister of Health?

answer: Gao Qiang

text: Gao Qiang

question: What did Gao Qiang tell reporters in Beijing?

answer: public health care system in China is insufficient

text: public health care system in China is insufficient

question: How economically forward has this area been?

answer: neglected and untouched

text: neglected and untouched

question: Where is health care poor in China?

answer: inland areas

text: inland areas

question: What did the Vice Minster of Health call the public health system in China?

answer: insufficient

text: insufficient

question: What should the government of China be responsible for providing to earthquake survivors?

answer: medical treatment

text: medical treatment


text: Oklahoma City is the principal city of the eight-county Oklahoma City Metropolitan Statistical Area in Central Oklahoma and is the state's largest urbanized area. Based on population rank, the metropolitan area was the 42nd largest in the nation as of 2012.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: principal

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: eight

text: county

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Metropolitan

text: Statistical

text: Area

text: in

text: Central

text: Oklahoma

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: largest

text: urbanized

text: area

text: Based

text: on

text: population

text: rank

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: as

text: of

question: What is Oklahoma's largest urbanized area?

answer: Oklahoma City

text: Oklahoma City

question: What place was Oklahoma cities population ranked in the nation in 2012?

answer: 42nd


text: Alloys are often made to alter the mechanical properties of the base metal, to induce hardness, toughness, ductility, or other desired properties. Most metals and alloys can be work hardened by creating defects in their crystal structure. These defects are created during plastic deformation, such as hammering or bending, and are permanent unless the metal is recrystallized. However, some alloys can also have their properties altered by heat treatment. Nearly all metals can be softened by annealing, which recrystallizes the alloy and repairs the defects, but not as many can be hardened by controlled heating and cooling. Many alloys of aluminium, copper, magnesium, titanium, and nickel can be strengthened to some degree by some method of heat treatment, but few respond to this to the same degree that steel does.

title: Alloy

title: Alloy

text: Alloys

text: are

text: often

text: made

text: to

text: alter

text: the

text: mechanical

text: properties

text: of

text: the

text: base

text: metal

text: to

text: induce

text: hardness

text: toughness

text: ductility

text: or

text: other

text: desired

text: properties

text: Most

text: metals

text: and

text: alloys

text: can

text: be

text: work

text: hardened

text: by

text: creating

text: defects

text: in

text: their

text: crystal

text: structure

text: These

text: defects

text: are

text: created

text: during

text: plastic

text: deformation

text: such

text: as

text: hammering

text: or

text: bending

text: and

text: are

text: permanent

text: unless

text: the

text: metal

text: is

text: recrystallized

text: However

text: some

text: alloys

text: can

text: also

text: have

text: their

text: properties

text: altered

text: by

text: heat

text: treatment

text: Nearly

text: all

text: metals

text: can

text: be

text: softened

text: by

text: annealing

text: which

text: recrystallizes

text: the

text: alloy

text: and

text: repairs

text: the

text: defects

text: but

text: not

text: as

text: many

text: can

text: be

text: hardened

text: by

text: controlled

text: heating

text: and

text: cooling

text: Many

text: alloys

text: of

text: aluminium

text: copper

text: magnesium

text: titanium

text: and

text: nickel

text: can

text: be

text: strengthened

text: to

text: some

text: degree

text: by

text: some

text: method

text: of

text: heat

text: treatment

text: but

text: few

text: respond

text: to

text: this

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: degree

text: that

text: steel

text: does

question: What kind of treatment can be made to alter it's properties?

answer: heat treatment

text: heat treatment

question: Softening metals can be achieved by?

answer: annealing

text: annealing

question: Aluminium, copper, magnesium, titanium, and nickel can be strengthened by?

answer: heat treatment

text: heat treatment

question: Annealling softens metals by achieving what?

answer: recrystallizes the alloy and repairs the defects

text: recrystallizes the alloy and repairs the defects


text: This was also a period of alternatives to nightclubs, the warehouse party, acid house, rave and outdoor festival scenes of the late 1980s and early 1990s were havens for the latest trends in electronic dance music, especially house and its ever-more hypnotic, synthetic offspring techno and trance, in clubs like the infamous Warsaw Ballroom better known as Warsaw and The Mix where DJs like david padilla (who was the resident DJ for both) and radio. The new sound fed back into mainstream clubs across the country. The scene in SoBe, along with a bustling secondhand market for electronic instruments and turntables, had a strong democratizing effect, offering amateur, "bedroom" DJs the opportunity to become proficient and popular as both music players and producers, regardless of the whims of the professional music and club industries. Some of these notable DJs are John Benetiz (better known as JellyBean Benetiz), Danny Tenaglia, and David Padilla.

title: Miami

title: Miami

text: This

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: alternatives

text: to

text: nightclubs

text: the

text: warehouse

text: party

text: acid

text: house

text: rave

text: and

text: outdoor

text: festival

text: scenes

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: were

text: havens

text: for

text: the

text: latest

text: trends

text: in

text: electronic

text: dance

text: music

text: especially

text: house

text: and

text: its

text: ever

text: more

text: hypnotic

text: synthetic

text: offspring

text: techno

text: and

text: trance

text: in

text: clubs

text: like

text: the

text: infamous

text: Warsaw

text: Ballroom

text: better

text: known

text: as

text: Warsaw

text: and

text: The

text: Mix

text: where

text: DJs

text: like

text: david

text: padilla

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: resident

text: DJ

text: for

text: both

text: and

text: radio

text: The

text: new

text: sound

text: fed

text: back

text: into

text: mainstream

text: clubs

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: scene

text: in

text: SoBe

text: along

text: with

text: a

text: bustling

text: secondhand

text: market

text: for

text: electronic

text: instruments

text: and

text: turntables

text: had

text: a

text: strong

text: democratizing

text: effect

text: offering

text: amateur

text: bedroom

text: DJs

text: the

text: opportunity

text: to

text: become

text: proficient

text: and

text: popular

text: as

text: both

text: music

text: players

text: and

text: producers

text: regardless

text: of

text: the

text: whims

text: of

text: the

text: professional

text: music

text: and

text: club

text: industries

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: notable

text: DJs

text: are

text: John

text: Benetiz

text: better

text: known

text: as

text: JellyBean

text: Benetiz

text: Danny

text: Tenaglia

text: and

text: David

text: Padilla

question: Who was the Warsaw Ballroom's house DJ?

answer: david padilla

text: david padilla

question: By what other name is John Benetiz known?

answer: JellyBean Benetiz

text: JellyBean Benetiz

question: In what area of Miami is there a notable secondhand turntable market?

answer: SoBe

text: SoBe


text: In 2012, the Pan American Health Organization (the North and South American branch of the World Health Organization) released a statement cautioning against services that purport to "cure" people with non-heterosexual sexual orientations as they lack medical justification and represent a serious threat to the health and well-being of affected people, and noted that the global scientific and professional consensus is that homosexuality is a normal and natural variation of human sexuality and cannot be regarded as a pathological condition. The Pan American Health Organization further called on governments, academic institutions, professional associations and the media to expose these practices and to promote respect for diversity. The World Health Organization affiliate further noted that gay minors have sometimes been forced to attend these "therapies" involuntarily, being deprived of their liberty and sometimes kept in isolation for several months, and that these findings were reported by several United Nations bodies. Additionally, the Pan American Health Organization recommended that such malpractices be denounced and subject to sanctions and penalties under national legislation, as they constitute a violation of the ethical principles of health care and violate human rights that are protected by international and regional agreements.

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: In

text: the

text: Pan

text: American

text: Health

text: Organization

text: the

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: American

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Health

text: Organization

text: released

text: a

text: statement

text: cautioning

text: against

text: services

text: that

text: purport

text: to

text: cure

text: people

text: with

text: non

text: heterosexual

text: sexual

text: orientations

text: as

text: they

text: lack

text: medical

text: justification

text: and

text: represent

text: a

text: serious

text: threat

text: to

text: the

text: health

text: and

text: well

text: being

text: of

text: affected

text: people

text: and

text: noted

text: that

text: the

text: global

text: scientific

text: and

text: professional

text: consensus

text: is

text: that

text: homosexuality

text: is

text: a

text: normal

text: and

text: natural

text: variation

text: of

text: human

text: sexuality

text: and

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: regarded

text: as

text: a

text: pathological

text: condition

text: The

text: Pan

text: American

text: Health

text: Organization

text: further

text: called

text: on

text: governments

text: academic

text: institutions

text: professional

text: associations

text: and

text: the

text: media

text: to

text: expose

text: these

text: practices

text: and

text: to

text: promote

text: respect

text: for

text: diversity

text: The

text: World

text: Health

text: Organization

text: affiliate

text: further

text: noted

text: that

text: gay

text: minors

text: have

text: sometimes

text: been

text: forced

text: to

text: attend

text: these

text: therapies

text: involuntarily

text: being

text: deprived

text: of

text: their

text: liberty

text: and

text: sometimes

text: kept

text: in

text: isolation

text: for

text: several

text: months

text: and

text: that

text: these

text: findings

text: were

text: reported

text: by

text: several

text: United

text: Nations

text: bodies

text: Additionally

text: the

text: Pan

text: American

text: Health

text: Organization

text: recommended

text: that

text: such

text: malpractices

text: be

text: denounced

text: and

text: subject

text: to

text: sanctions

text: and

text: penalties

text: under

text: national

text: legislation

text: as

text: they

text: constitute

text: a

text: violation

text: of

text: the

text: ethical

text: principles

text: of

text: health

text: care

text: and

text: violate

text: human

text: rights

text: that

text: are

text: protected

text: by

text: international

text: and

text: regional

text: agreements

question: When did part of the world health organization release a statement about curing homosexuals?

answer: 2012,

question: Why did the Pan American Health Organization release this statement?

answer: they lack medical justification and represent a serious threat to the health and well-being of affected people,

text: they lack medical justification and represent a serious threat to the health and well-being of affected people,

question: What condition do they state cannot be linked to homosexuality?

answer: pathological condition

text: pathological condition

question: What did the Pan American Health organization say these treatments violated?

answer: violation of the ethical principles of health care and violate human rights that are protected by international and regional agreements.

text: violation of the ethical principles of health care and violate human rights that are protected by international and regional agreements.

question: What did the Pan American Health Organization reccomend for those who used treatment to stop homosexuality?

answer: that such malpractices be denounced and subject to sanctions and penalties under national legislation,

text: that such malpractices be denounced and subject to sanctions and penalties under national legislation,


text: The nonprofit landscape is highly varied, although many people have come to associate NPOs with charitable organizations. Although charities do comprise an often high profile or visible aspect of the sector, there are many other types of nonprofits. Overall, they tend to be either member-serving or community-serving. Member-serving organizations include mutual societies, cooperatives, trade unions, credit unions, industry associations, sports clubs, retired serviceman's clubs and peak bodies – organizations that benefit a particular group of people i.e. the members of the organization. Typically, community-serving organizations are focused on providing services to the community in general, either globally or locally: organizations delivering human services programs or projects, aid and development programs, medical research, education and health services, and so on. It could be argued many nonprofits sit across both camps, at least in terms of the impact they make. For example, the grassroots support group that provides a lifeline to those with a particular condition or disease could be deemed to be serving both its members (by directly supporting them) and the broader community (through the provision of a helping service for fellow citizens).

title: Nonprofit_organization

title: Nonprofit_organization

text: The

text: nonprofit

text: landscape

text: is

text: highly

text: varied

text: although

text: many

text: people

text: have

text: come

text: to

text: associate

text: NPOs

text: with

text: charitable

text: organizations

text: Although

text: charities

text: do

text: comprise

text: an

text: often

text: high

text: profile

text: or

text: visible

text: aspect

text: of

text: the

text: sector

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: other

text: types

text: of

text: nonprofits

text: Overall

text: they

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: either

text: member

text: serving

text: or

text: community

text: serving

text: Member

text: serving

text: organizations

text: include

text: mutual

text: societies

text: cooperatives

text: trade

text: unions

text: credit

text: unions

text: industry

text: associations

text: sports

text: clubs

text: retired

text: serviceman

text: 's

text: clubs

text: and

text: peak

text: bodies

text: organizations

text: that

text: benefit

text: a

text: particular

text: group

text: of

text: people

text: i.e.

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: organization

text: Typically

text: community

text: serving

text: organizations

text: are

text: focused

text: on

text: providing

text: services

text: to

text: the

text: community

text: in

text: general

text: either

text: globally

text: or

text: locally

text: organizations

text: delivering

text: human

text: services

text: programs

text: or

text: projects

text: aid

text: and

text: development

text: programs

text: medical

text: research

text: education

text: and

text: health

text: services

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: It

text: could

text: be

text: argued

text: many

text: nonprofits

text: sit

text: across

text: both

text: camps

text: at

text: least

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: impact

text: they

text: make

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: grassroots

text: support

text: group

text: that

text: provides

text: a

text: lifeline

text: to

text: those

text: with

text: a

text: particular

text: condition

text: or

text: disease

text: could

text: be

text: deemed

text: to

text: be

text: serving

text: both

text: its

text: members

text: by

text: directly

text: supporting

text: them

text: and

text: the

text: broader

text: community

text: through

text: the

text: provision

text: of

text: a

text: helping

text: service

text: for

text: fellow

text: citizens

question: What types of organizations are NPOs usually associated with?

answer: charitable

text: charitable

question: Who does an NPO usually serve?

answer: member-serving or community-serving

text: member-serving or community-serving

question: What do NPOs that center around community usually focus on?

answer: providing services to the community in general, either globally or locally

text: providing services to the community in general, either globally or locally

question: What are member serving NPOs really focused on?

answer: by directly supporting them

text: by directly supporting them

question: What are community serving NPOs focused on?

answer: a helping service for fellow citizens

text: a helping service for fellow citizens


text: Despite limited natural resources, intensive development of the agricultural and industrial sectors over the past decades has made Israel largely self-sufficient in food production, apart from grains and beef. Imports to Israel, totaling $77.59 billion in 2012, include raw materials, military equipment, investment goods, rough diamonds, fuels, grain, consumer goods. Leading exports include electronics, software, computerized systems, communications technology, medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, fruits, chemicals, military technology, and cut diamonds; in 2012, Israeli exports reached $64.74 billion.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Despite

text: limited

text: natural

text: resources

text: intensive

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: agricultural

text: and

text: industrial

text: sectors

text: over

text: the

text: past

text: decades

text: has

text: made

text: Israel

text: largely

text: self

text: sufficient

text: in

text: food

text: production

text: apart

text: from

text: grains

text: and

text: beef

text: Imports

text: to

text: Israel

text: totaling

text: billion

text: in

text: include

text: raw

text: materials

text: military

text: equipment

text: investment

text: goods

text: rough

text: diamonds

text: fuels

text: grain

text: consumer

text: goods

text: Leading

text: exports

text: include

text: electronics

text: software

text: computerized

text: systems

text: communications

text: technology

text: medical

text: equipment

text: pharmaceuticals

text: fruits

text: chemicals

text: military

text: technology

text: and

text: cut

text: diamonds

text: in

text: Israeli

text: exports

text: reached

text: billion

question: Imports to Israel totaled what in 2012?

answer: $77.59 billion

text: $77.59 billion

question: Israeli exports reached what in 2012?

answer: $64.74 billion

text: $64.74 billion

question: What are the leading exports in Israel?

answer: electronics, software, computerized systems

text: electronics, software, computerized systems


text: In cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of Paris to distinguish them from country clergy. This meaning of the word spread rapidly, and from the 9th century various episcopal cities had a special class among the clergy known as cardinals. The use of the title was reserved for the cardinals of Rome in 1567 by Pius V.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: In

text: cities

text: other

text: than

text: Rome

text: the

text: name

text: cardinal

text: began

text: to

text: be

text: applied

text: to

text: certain

text: church

text: men

text: as

text: a

text: mark

text: of

text: honour

text: The

text: earliest

text: example

text: of

text: this

text: occurs

text: in

text: a

text: letter

text: sent

text: by

text: Pope

text: Zacharias

text: in

text: to

text: Pippin

text: III

text: the

text: Short

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: Franks

text: in

text: which

text: Zacharias

text: applied

text: the

text: title

text: to

text: the

text: priests

text: of

text: Paris

text: to

text: distinguish

text: them

text: from

text: country

text: clergy

text: This

text: meaning

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: spread

text: rapidly

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: various

text: episcopal

text: cities

text: had

text: a

text: special

text: class

text: among

text: the

text: clergy

text: known

text: as

text: cardinals

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: was

text: reserved

text: for

text: the

text: cardinals

text: of

text: Rome

text: in

text: by

text: Pius

text: V.

question: What term was given to certain church men of honor?

answer: cardinal

text: cardinal

question: When is the earliest date of using the term cardinal as honorable church men used?

answer: 747

question: When was the title of cardinal reserved for the cardinals of Rome by Pius V?

answer: 1567

question: In regards to the word "cardinal" being used in cities other than Rome, who sent a letter to Pippin III?

answer: Pope Zacharias

text: Pope Zacharias

question: In what year was the letter sent?

answer: 747

question: Which pope declared that cardinals would be from Rome?

answer: Pius V.

text: Pius V.

question: In what year did the pope make the declaration?

answer: 1567


text: The War on Terrorism is a global effort by the governments of several countries (primarily the United States and its principal allies) to neutralize international terrorist groups (primarily Islamic Extremist terrorist groups, including al-Qaeda) and ensure that countries considered by the US and some of its allies to be Rogue Nations no longer support terrorist activities. It has been adopted primarily as a response to the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. Since 2001, terrorist motivated attacks upon service members have occurred in Arkansas and Texas.

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

text: The

text: War

text: on

text: Terrorism

text: is

text: a

text: global

text: effort

text: by

text: the

text: governments

text: of

text: several

text: countries

text: primarily

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: its

text: principal

text: allies

text: to

text: neutralize

text: international

text: terrorist

text: groups

text: primarily

text: Islamic

text: Extremist

text: terrorist

text: groups

text: including

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: and

text: ensure

text: that

text: countries

text: considered

text: by

text: the

text: US

text: and

text: some

text: of

text: its

text: allies

text: to

text: be

text: Rogue

text: Nations

text: no

text: longer

text: support

text: terrorist

text: activities

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: adopted

text: primarily

text: as

text: a

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: September

text: attacks

text: on

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Since

text: terrorist

text: motivated

text: attacks

text: upon

text: service

text: members

text: have

text: occurred

text: in

text: Arkansas

text: and

text: Texas

question: What term is given to the attempt by the US and her allies to fight global terrorist groups?

answer: The War on Terrorism

text: The War on Terrorism

question: What religious groups are primarily targeted by this war?

answer: Islamic Extremist

text: Islamic Extremist

question: What is one prominent, specific terrorist group targeted by the War on Terrorism?

answer: al-Qaeda

text: al-Qaeda

question: The War On Terrorism was caused by what event?

answer: the September 11, 2001 attacks

text: the September 11, 2001 attacks

question: Since the start of the war on Terrorism, attacks on US service members have occurred in which two US states?

answer: Arkansas and Texas

text: Arkansas and Texas


text: Standard Dutch uses three genders to differentiate between natural gender and three when discerning grammatical gender. But for most non-Belgian speakers, the masculine and feminine genders have merged to form the common gender (de), while the neuter (het) remains distinct as before. This gender system is similar to those of most Continental Scandinavian languages. As in English, but to a lesser degree, the inflectional grammar of the language (e.g., adjective and noun endings) has simplified over time.

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: Standard

text: Dutch

text: uses

text: three

text: genders

text: to

text: differentiate

text: between

text: natural

text: gender

text: and

text: three

text: when

text: discerning

text: grammatical

text: gender

text: But

text: for

text: most

text: non

text: Belgian

text: speakers

text: the

text: masculine

text: and

text: feminine

text: genders

text: have

text: merged

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: common

text: gender

text: de

text: while

text: the

text: neuter

text: het

text: remains

text: distinct

text: as

text: before

text: This

text: gender

text: system

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: most

text: Continental

text: Scandinavian

text: languages

text: As

text: in

text: English

text: but

text: to

text: a

text: lesser

text: degree

text: the

text: inflectional

text: grammar

text: of

text: the

text: language

text: e.g.

text: adjective

text: and

text: noun

text: endings

text: has

text: simplified

text: over

text: time

question: How many genders does standard Dutch use for both natural and grammatical gender?

answer: three

text: three

question: What gender does the majority of non-Belgian Dutch speakers use instead of the masculine and feminine?

answer: the common gender

text: the common gender

question: Apart from the common gender in non-Belgian Dutch, what other gender do speakers use?

answer: neuter

text: neuter

question: The common/neuter system used in Dutch is a lot like the system used in what other language category?

answer: Continental Scandinavian languages

text: Continental Scandinavian languages

question: In its simplified inflectional grammar, what language is Dutch similar to?

answer: English

text: English


text: Testimony given to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission by Richard M. Bowen III on events during his tenure as the Business Chief Underwriter for Correspondent Lending in the Consumer Lending Group for Citigroup (where he was responsible for over 220 professional underwriters) suggests that by the final years of the U.S. housing bubble (2006–2007), the collapse of mortgage underwriting standards was endemic. His testimony stated that by 2006, 60% of mortgages purchased by Citi from some 1,600 mortgage companies were "defective" (were not underwritten to policy, or did not contain all policy-required documents) – this, despite the fact that each of these 1,600 originators was contractually responsible (certified via representations and warrantees) that its mortgage originations met Citi's standards. Moreover, during 2007, "defective mortgages (from mortgage originators contractually bound to perform underwriting to Citi's standards) increased... to over 80% of production".

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: Testimony

text: given

text: to

text: the

text: Financial

text: Crisis

text: Inquiry

text: Commission

text: by

text: Richard

text: M.

text: Bowen

text: III

text: on

text: events

text: during

text: his

text: tenure

text: as

text: the

text: Business

text: Chief

text: Underwriter

text: for

text: Correspondent

text: Lending

text: in

text: the

text: Consumer

text: Lending

text: Group

text: for

text: Citigroup

text: where

text: he

text: was

text: responsible

text: for

text: over

text: professional

text: underwriters

text: suggests

text: that

text: by

text: the

text: final

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: housing

text: bubble

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: mortgage

text: underwriting

text: standards

text: was

text: endemic

text: His

text: testimony

text: stated

text: that

text: by

text: of

text: mortgages

text: purchased

text: by

text: Citi

text: from

text: some

text: mortgage

text: companies

text: were

text: defective

text: were

text: not

text: underwritten

text: to

text: policy

text: or

text: did

text: not

text: contain

text: all

text: policy

text: required

text: documents

text: this

text: despite

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: each

text: of

text: these

text: originators

text: was

text: contractually

text: responsible

text: certified

text: via

text: representations

text: and

text: warrantees

text: that

text: its

text: mortgage

text: originations

text: met

text: Citi

text: 's

text: standards

text: Moreover

text: during

text: defective

text: mortgages

text: from

text: mortgage

text: originators

text: contractually

text: bound

text: to

text: perform

text: underwriting

text: to

text: Citi

text: 's

text: standards

text: increased

text: to

text: over

text: of

text: production

question: Richard M. Bowen III testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission regarding his tenure at which financial institution?

answer: Citigroup

text: Citigroup

question: How many underwriters was Richard M. Bowen III responsible for at Citigroup?

answer: 220

question: What percent of mortgages purchased by Citigroup in 2006 were defective?

answer: 60%

question: In 2006, how many mortgage companies were contractually responsible to meet Citi's standards?

answer: 1,600

question: During 2007, what was the percent of defective mortgages not underwritten to Citi's standards?

answer: over 80%

text: over 80%


text: Medical detection dogs are capable of detecting diseases by sniffing a person directly or samples of urine or other specimens. Dogs can detect odour in one part per trillion, as their brain's olfactory cortex is (relative to total brain size) 40 times larger than humans. Dogs may have as many as 300 million odour receptors in their nose, while humans may have only 5 million. Each dog is trained specifically for the detection of single disease from the blood glucose level indicative to diabetes to cancer. To train a cancer dog requires 6 months. A Labrador Retriever called Daisy has detected 551 cancer patients with an accuracy of 93 percent and received the Blue Cross (for pets) Medal for her life-saving skills.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Medical

text: detection

text: dogs

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: detecting

text: diseases

text: by

text: sniffing

text: a

text: person

text: directly

text: or

text: samples

text: of

text: urine

text: or

text: other

text: specimens

text: Dogs

text: can

text: detect

text: odour

text: in

text: one

text: part

text: per

text: trillion

text: as

text: their

text: brain

text: 's

text: olfactory

text: cortex

text: is

text: relative

text: to

text: total

text: brain

text: size

text: times

text: larger

text: than

text: humans

text: Dogs

text: may

text: have

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: million

text: odour

text: receptors

text: in

text: their

text: nose

text: while

text: humans

text: may

text: have

text: only

text: million

text: Each

text: dog

text: is

text: trained

text: specifically

text: for

text: the

text: detection

text: of

text: single

text: disease

text: from

text: the

text: blood

text: glucose

text: level

text: indicative

text: to

text: diabetes

text: to

text: cancer

text: To

text: train

text: a

text: cancer

text: dog

text: requires

text: months

text: A

text: Labrador

text: Retriever

text: called

text: Daisy

text: has

text: detected

text: cancer

text: patients

text: with

text: an

text: accuracy

text: of

text: percent

text: and

text: received

text: the

text: Blue

text: Cross

text: for

text: pets

text: Medal

text: for

text: her

text: life

text: saving

text: skills

question: What can trained dogs detect by sniffing a person or a sample of their urine?

answer: diseases

text: diseases

question: How much larger is a dog brain olfactory cortex when compared to humans?

answer: 40 times larger

text: 40 times larger

question: A dog can detect smells in one part per what?

answer: trillion

text: trillion

question: How much larger is a dog's olfactory cortex than a person's?

answer: 40 times larger

text: 40 times larger

question: How many cancer patients has Daisy detected?

answer: 551


text: The American Revolution begun with fighting at Lexington and Concord. On July 4, 1776, they issued the Declaration of Independence, which proclaimed their independence from Great Britain and their formation of a cooperative union. In June 1776, Benjamin Franklin was appointed a member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence. Although he was temporarily disabled by gout and unable to attend most meetings of the Committee, Franklin made several small changes to the draft sent to him by Thomas Jefferson.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: The

text: American

text: Revolution

text: begun

text: with

text: fighting

text: at

text: Lexington

text: and

text: Concord

text: On

text: July

text: they

text: issued

text: the

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Independence

text: which

text: proclaimed

text: their

text: independence

text: from

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: their

text: formation

text: of

text: a

text: cooperative

text: union

text: In

text: June

text: Benjamin

text: Franklin

text: was

text: appointed

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Committee

text: of

text: Five

text: that

text: drafted

text: the

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Independence

text: Although

text: he

text: was

text: temporarily

text: disabled

text: by

text: gout

text: and

text: unable

text: to

text: attend

text: most

text: meetings

text: of

text: the

text: Committee

text: Franklin

text: made

text: several

text: small

text: changes

text: to

text: the

text: draft

text: sent

text: to

text: him

text: by

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

question: Where did the American Revolution start?

answer: Lexington and Concord

text: Lexington and Concord

question: What was issued on July 4, 1776?

answer: Declaration of Independence

text: Declaration of Independence

question: What did the Declaration Of Independence proclaim?

answer: independence from Great Britain and their formation of a cooperative union.

text: independence from Great Britain and their formation of a cooperative union.

question: What position was Ben Franklin appointed in 1776?

answer: member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence.

text: member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence.

question: What was Ben Franklin disabled by?

answer: gout

text: gout


text: Like other historical languages, Old English has been used by scholars and enthusiasts of later periods to create texts either imitating Anglo-Saxon literature or deliberately transferring it to a different cultural context. Examples include Alistair Campbell and J. R. R. Tolkien. A number of websites devoted to Neo-Paganism and Historical re-enactment offer reference material and forums promoting the active use of Old English. By far the most ambitious project[peacock term] is the Old English Wikipedia, but most of the Neo-Old English texts published online bear little resemblance to the historical model and are riddled with very basic grammatical mistakes.

title: Old_English

title: Old_English

text: Like

text: other

text: historical

text: languages

text: Old

text: English

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: by

text: scholars

text: and

text: enthusiasts

text: of

text: later

text: periods

text: to

text: create

text: texts

text: either

text: imitating

text: Anglo

text: Saxon

text: literature

text: or

text: deliberately

text: transferring

text: it

text: to

text: a

text: different

text: cultural

text: context

text: Examples

text: include

text: Alistair

text: Campbell

text: and

text: J.

text: R.

text: R.

text: Tolkien

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: websites

text: devoted

text: to

text: Neo

text: Paganism

text: and

text: Historical

text: re

text: enactment

text: offer

text: reference

text: material

text: and

text: forums

text: promoting

text: the

text: active

text: use

text: of

text: Old

text: English

text: By

text: far

text: the

text: most

text: ambitious

text: project[peacock

text: term

text: is

text: the

text: Old

text: English

text: Wikipedia

text: but

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: Neo

text: Old

text: English

text: texts

text: published

text: online

text: bear

text: little

text: resemblance

text: to

text: the

text: historical

text: model

text: and

text: are

text: riddled

text: with

text: very

text: basic

text: grammatical

text: mistakes

question: What modern religion sometimes uses Old English?

answer: Neo-Paganism

text: Neo-Paganism

question: What hobby champions the use of Old English?

answer: Historical re-enactment

text: Historical re-enactment

question: Along with Tolkien, what modern scholar notably made use of Old English?

answer: Alistair Campbell

text: Alistair Campbell

question: What Wikipedia project makes use of the Old English language?

answer: the Old English Wikipedia

text: the Old English Wikipedia

question: What is a term for modern texts written in Old English?

answer: Neo-Old English

text: Neo-Old English


text: Boston has a strong mayor – council government system in which the mayor (elected every fourth year) has extensive executive power. Marty Walsh became Mayor in January 2014, his predecessor Thomas Menino's twenty-year tenure having been the longest in the city's history. The Boston City Council is elected every two years; there are nine district seats, and four citywide "at-large" seats. The School Committee, which oversees the Boston Public Schools, is appointed by the mayor.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Boston

text: has

text: a

text: strong

text: mayor

text: council

text: government

text: system

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: mayor

text: elected

text: every

text: fourth

text: year

text: has

text: extensive

text: executive

text: power

text: Marty

text: Walsh

text: became

text: Mayor

text: in

text: January

text: his

text: predecessor

text: Thomas

text: Menino

text: 's

text: twenty

text: year

text: tenure

text: having

text: been

text: the

text: longest

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: history

text: The

text: Boston

text: City

text: Council

text: is

text: elected

text: every

text: two

text: years

text: there

text: are

text: nine

text: district

text: seats

text: and

text: four

text: citywide

text: at

text: large

text: seats

text: The

text: School

text: Committee

text: which

text: oversees

text: the

text: Boston

text: Public

text: Schools

text: is

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: mayor

question: How often are elections for mayor held in Boston?

answer: every fourth year

text: every fourth year

question: What kind of power does the mayor have?

answer: extensive executive power

text: extensive executive power

question: Who became Mayor in january, 2014?

answer: Marty Walsh

text: Marty Walsh

question: Who oversees the Boston Public Schools?

answer: The School Committee

text: The School Committee


text: These studies suggest that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns and that this is also reflected in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli. Sexual orientation has many dimensions (attractions, behavior, identity), of which sexual arousal is the only product of sexual attractions which can be measured at present with some degree of physical precision. Thus, the fact that women are aroused by seeing non-human primates having sex does not mean that women's sexual orientation includes this type of sexual interest. Some researchers argue that women's sexual orientation depends less on their patterns of sexual arousal than men's and that other components of sexual orientation (like emotional attachment) must be taken into account when describing women's sexual orientations. In contrast, men's sexual orientations tend to be primarily focused on the physical component of attractions and, thus, their sexual feelings are more exclusively oriented according to sex.

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: These

text: studies

text: suggest

text: that

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: are

text: different

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: sexual

text: arousal

text: patterns

text: and

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: also

text: reflected

text: in

text: how

text: their

text: genitals

text: react

text: to

text: sexual

text: stimuli

text: of

text: both

text: genders

text: or

text: even

text: to

text: non

text: human

text: stimuli

text: Sexual

text: orientation

text: has

text: many

text: dimensions

text: attractions

text: behavior

text: identity

text: of

text: which

text: sexual

text: arousal

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: product

text: of

text: sexual

text: attractions

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: measured

text: at

text: present

text: with

text: some

text: degree

text: of

text: physical

text: precision

text: Thus

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: women

text: are

text: aroused

text: by

text: seeing

text: non

text: human

text: primates

text: having

text: sex

text: does

text: not

text: mean

text: that

text: women

text: 's

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: includes

text: this

text: type

text: of

text: sexual

text: interest

text: Some

text: researchers

text: argue

text: that

text: women

text: 's

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: depends

text: less

text: on

text: their

text: patterns

text: of

text: sexual

text: arousal

text: than

text: men

text: 's

text: and

text: that

text: other

text: components

text: of

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: like

text: emotional

text: attachment

text: must

text: be

text: taken

text: into

text: account

text: when

text: describing

text: women

text: 's

text: sexual

text: orientations

text: In

text: contrast

text: men

text: 's

text: sexual

text: orientations

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: primarily

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: physical

text: component

text: of

text: attractions

text: and

text: thus

text: their

text: sexual

text: feelings

text: are

text: more

text: exclusively

text: oriented

text: according

text: to

text: sex

question: What do these studies suggest?

answer: that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns

text: that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns

question: How is this reflected in the studies?

answer: in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli.

text: in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli.

question: What are some dimensions of sexual orientation?

answer: attractions, behavior, identity

text: attractions, behavior, identity

question: What do mens sexual orientations tend be focused on?

answer: physical component of attractions

text: physical component of attractions

question: What do researches believe must be taken into account for women in these studies?

answer: emotional attachment

text: emotional attachment


text: In the 11th century, documents written in macaronic Latin begin to show Catalan elements, with texts written almost completely in Romance appearing by 1080. Old Catalan shared many features with Gallo-Romance, diverging from Old Occitan between the 11th and 14th centuries.

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: documents

text: written

text: in

text: macaronic

text: Latin

text: begin

text: to

text: show

text: Catalan

text: elements

text: with

text: texts

text: written

text: almost

text: completely

text: in

text: Romance

text: appearing

text: by

text: Old

text: Catalan

text: shared

text: many

text: features

text: with

text: Gallo

text: Romance

text: diverging

text: from

text: Old

text: Occitan

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

question: When did macaronic Latin start showing signs of Catalan?

answer: 11th century

text: 11th century

question: When did texts begin to appear solely in Romance?

answer: by 1080

text: by 1080

question: To what language did Catalan display similarities?

answer: Gallo-Romance

text: Gallo-Romance

question: What Gallo-Romance language did Old Catalan separate from?

answer: Old Occitan

text: Old Occitan


text: The final major aspect of identity formation is self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity. Most theories on self-esteem state that there is a grand desire, across all genders and ages, to maintain, protect and enhance their self-esteem. Contrary to popular belief, there is no empirical evidence for a significant drop in self-esteem over the course of adolescence. "Barometric self-esteem" fluctuates rapidly and can cause severe distress and anxiety, but baseline self-esteem remains highly stable across adolescence. The validity of global self-esteem scales has been questioned, and many suggest that more specific scales might reveal more about the adolescent experience. Girls are most likely to enjoy high self-esteem when engaged in supportive relationships with friends, the most important function of friendship to them is having someone who can provide social and moral support. When they fail to win friends' approval or couldn't find someone with whom to share common activities and common interests, in these cases, girls suffer from low self-esteem. In contrast, boys are more concerned with establishing and asserting their independence and defining their relation to authority. As such, they are more likely to derive high self-esteem from their ability to successfully influence their friends; on the other hand, the lack of romantic competence, for example, failure to win or maintain the affection of the opposite or same-sex (depending on sexual orientation), is the major contributor to low self-esteem in adolescent boys. Due to the fact that both men and women happen to have a low self-esteem after ending a romantic relationship, they are prone to other symptoms that is caused by this state. Depression and hopelessness are only two of the various symptoms and it is said that women are twice as likely to experience depression and men are three to four times more likely to commit suicide (Mearns, 1991; Ustun & Sartorius, 1995).

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: The

text: final

text: major

text: aspect

text: of

text: identity

text: formation

text: is

text: self

text: esteem

text: Self

text: esteem

text: is

text: defined

text: as

text: one

text: 's

text: thoughts

text: and

text: feelings

text: about

text: one

text: 's

text: self

text: concept

text: and

text: identity

text: Most

text: theories

text: on

text: self

text: esteem

text: state

text: that

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: grand

text: desire

text: across

text: all

text: genders

text: and

text: ages

text: to

text: maintain

text: protect

text: and

text: enhance

text: their

text: self

text: esteem

text: Contrary

text: to

text: popular

text: belief

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: empirical

text: evidence

text: for

text: a

text: significant

text: drop

text: in

text: self

text: esteem

text: over

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: adolescence

text: Barometric

text: self

text: esteem

text: fluctuates

text: rapidly

text: and

text: can

text: cause

text: severe

text: distress

text: and

text: anxiety

text: but

text: baseline

text: self

text: esteem

text: remains

text: highly

text: stable

text: across

text: adolescence

text: The

text: validity

text: of

text: global

text: self

text: esteem

text: scales

text: has

text: been

text: questioned

text: and

text: many

text: suggest

text: that

text: more

text: specific

text: scales

text: might

text: reveal

text: more

text: about

text: the

text: adolescent

text: experience

text: Girls

text: are

text: most

text: likely

text: to

text: enjoy

text: high

text: self

text: esteem

text: when

text: engaged

text: in

text: supportive

text: relationships

text: with

text: friends

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: function

text: of

text: friendship

text: to

text: them

text: is

text: having

text: someone

text: who

text: can

text: provide

text: social

text: and

text: moral

text: support

text: When

text: they

text: fail

text: to

text: win

text: friends

text: approval

text: or

text: could

text: n't

text: find

text: someone

text: with

text: whom

text: to

text: share

text: common

text: activities

text: and

text: common

text: interests

text: in

text: these

text: cases

text: girls

text: suffer

text: from

text: low

text: self

text: esteem

text: In

text: contrast

text: boys

text: are

text: more

text: concerned

text: with

text: establishing

text: and

text: asserting

text: their

text: independence

text: and

text: defining

text: their

text: relation

text: to

text: authority

text: As

text: such

text: they

text: are

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: derive

text: high

text: self

text: esteem

text: from

text: their

text: ability

text: to

text: successfully

text: influence

text: their

text: friends

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: romantic

text: competence

text: for

text: example

text: failure

text: to

text: win

text: or

text: maintain

text: the

text: affection

text: of

text: the

text: opposite

text: or

text: same

text: sex

text: depending

text: on

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: is

text: the

text: major

text: contributor

text: to

text: low

text: self

text: esteem

text: in

text: adolescent

text: boys

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: both

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: happen

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: low

text: self

text: esteem

text: after

text: ending

text: a

text: romantic

text: relationship

text: they

text: are

text: prone

text: to

text: other

text: symptoms

text: that

text: is

text: caused

text: by

text: this

text: state

text: Depression

text: and

text: hopelessness

text: are

text: only

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: various

text: symptoms

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: said

text: that

text: women

text: are

text: twice

text: as

text: likely

text: to

text: experience

text: depression

text: and

text: men

text: are

text: three

text: to

text: four

text: times

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: commit

text: suicide

text: Mearns

text: Ustun

text: Sartorius

question: Which term is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity?

answer: Self-esteem

text: Self-esteem

question: Is there evidence to support a drop in self-esteem during adolescence?

answer: no

text: no

question: Which type of self-esteem fluctuates rapidly and can cause severe distress and anxiety?

answer: Barometric self-esteem

text: Barometric self-esteem

question: Which type of self-esteem remains stable throughout adolescence?

answer: baseline self-esteem

text: baseline self-esteem

question: What is the most important function of friendship?

answer: having someone who can provide social and moral support

text: having someone who can provide social and moral support