text: The Islamic Golden Age coincided with the Middle Ages in the Muslim world, starting with the rise of Islam and establishment of the first Islamic state in 622. The end of the age is variously given as 1258 with the Mongolian Sack of Baghdad, or 1492 with the completion of the Christian Reconquista of the Emirate of Granada in Al-Andalus, Iberian Peninsula. During the reign of the Abbasid caliph Harun ar-Rashid (786 to 809), the legendary House of Wisdom was inaugurated in Baghdad where scholars from various parts of the world sought to translate and gather all the known world's knowledge into Arabic. The Abbasids were influenced by the Quranic injunctions and hadiths, such as "the ink of a scholar is more holy than the blood of a martyr," that stressed the value of knowledge. The major Islamic capital cities of Baghdad, Cairo, and Córdoba became the main intellectual centers for science, philosophy, medicine, and education. During this period, the Muslim world was a collection of cultures; they drew together and advanced the knowledge gained from the ancient Greek, Roman, Persian, Chinese, Indian, Egyptian, and Phoenician civilizations.

title: Muslim_world

title: Muslim_world

text: The

text: Islamic

text: Golden

text: Age

text: coincided

text: with

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: in

text: the

text: Muslim

text: world

text: starting

text: with

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: Islam

text: and

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: Islamic

text: state

text: in

text: The

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: age

text: is

text: variously

text: given

text: as

text: with

text: the

text: Mongolian

text: Sack

text: of

text: Baghdad

text: or

text: with

text: the

text: completion

text: of

text: the

text: Christian

text: Reconquista

text: of

text: the

text: Emirate

text: of

text: Granada

text: in

text: Al

text: Andalus

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: During

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: the

text: Abbasid

text: caliph

text: Harun

text: ar

text: Rashid

text: to

text: the

text: legendary

text: House

text: of

text: Wisdom

text: was

text: inaugurated

text: in

text: Baghdad

text: where

text: scholars

text: from

text: various

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: sought

text: to

text: translate

text: and

text: gather

text: all

text: the

text: known

text: world

text: 's

text: knowledge

text: into

text: Arabic

text: The

text: Abbasids

text: were

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: Quranic

text: injunctions

text: and

text: hadiths

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: ink

text: of

text: a

text: scholar

text: is

text: more

text: holy

text: than

text: the

text: blood

text: of

text: a

text: martyr

text: that

text: stressed

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: knowledge

text: The

text: major

text: Islamic

text: capital

text: cities

text: of

text: Baghdad

text: Cairo

text: and

text: Córdoba

text: became

text: the

text: main

text: intellectual

text: centers

text: for

text: science

text: philosophy

text: medicine

text: and

text: education

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: the

text: Muslim

text: world

text: was

text: a

text: collection

text: of

text: cultures

text: they

text: drew

text: together

text: and

text: advanced

text: the

text: knowledge

text: gained

text: from

text: the

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: Roman

text: Persian

text: Chinese

text: Indian

text: Egyptian

text: and

text: Phoenician

text: civilizations

question: When did the Islamic Golden age start?

answer: 622

question: What other age occurred at the same time as the Islamic Golden Age?

answer: the Middle Ages

text: the Middle Ages

question: There what is the latest year for the end of the Islamic Golden Age?

answer: 1492

question: What years did Abbasid caliph Harun ar-Rashid reign?

answer: 786 to 809

text: 786 to 809

question: Where was the House of Wisdom held?

answer: Baghdad

text: Baghdad


text: The British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Mediterranean. A British attempt at relief was foiled at the Battle of Minorca, and the island was captured on 28 June (for which Admiral Byng was court-martialed and executed). War between Britain and France had been formally declared on 18 May nearly two years after fighting had broken out in the Ohio Country.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: The

text: British

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: the

text: Duke

text: of

text: Newcastle

text: was

text: optimistic

text: that

text: the

text: new

text: series

text: of

text: alliances

text: could

text: prevent

text: war

text: from

text: breaking

text: out

text: in

text: Europe

text: However

text: a

text: large

text: French

text: force

text: was

text: assembled

text: at

text: Toulon

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: opened

text: the

text: campaign

text: against

text: the

text: British

text: by

text: an

text: attack

text: on

text: Minorca

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: A

text: British

text: attempt

text: at

text: relief

text: was

text: foiled

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Minorca

text: and

text: the

text: island

text: was

text: captured

text: on

text: June

text: for

text: which

text: Admiral

text: Byng

text: was

text: court

text: martialed

text: and

text: executed

text: War

text: between

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: had

text: been

text: formally

text: declared

text: on

text: May

text: nearly

text: two

text: years

text: after

text: fighting

text: had

text: broken

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: Ohio

text: Country

question: What was the reason that the British Prime Minister thought that ware in Europe could be prevented?

answer: the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe

text: the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe

question: What country initiated conflict?

answer: the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca

text: the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca

question: What was the result for Admiral Byng?

answer: Admiral Byng was court-martialed and executed

text: Admiral Byng was court-martialed and executed

question: When was war declared between Britain and France?

answer: War between Britain and France had been formally declared on 18 May

text: War between Britain and France had been formally declared on 18 May

question: How did the timing of the declaration of war compare to the conflicts in North America between Britain and France?

answer: nearly two years after fighting had broken out in the Ohio Country.

text: nearly two years after fighting had broken out in the Ohio Country.


text: Common forms of antibiotic misuse include excessive use of prophylactic antibiotics in travelers and failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage of antibiotics on the basis of the patient's weight and history of prior use. Other forms of misuse include failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic, incorrect dosage and administration, or failure to rest for sufficient recovery. Inappropriate antibiotic treatment, for example, is their prescription to treat viral infections such as the common cold. One study on respiratory tract infections found "physicians were more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients who appeared to expect them". Multifactorial interventions aimed at both physicians and patients can reduce inappropriate prescription of antibiotics.

title: Antibiotics

title: Antibiotics

text: Common

text: forms

text: of

text: antibiotic

text: misuse

text: include

text: excessive

text: use

text: of

text: prophylactic

text: antibiotics

text: in

text: travelers

text: and

text: failure

text: of

text: medical

text: professionals

text: to

text: prescribe

text: the

text: correct

text: dosage

text: of

text: antibiotics

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: the

text: patient

text: 's

text: weight

text: and

text: history

text: of

text: prior

text: use

text: Other

text: forms

text: of

text: misuse

text: include

text: failure

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: entire

text: prescribed

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: antibiotic

text: incorrect

text: dosage

text: and

text: administration

text: or

text: failure

text: to

text: rest

text: for

text: sufficient

text: recovery

text: Inappropriate

text: antibiotic

text: treatment

text: for

text: example

text: is

text: their

text: prescription

text: to

text: treat

text: viral

text: infections

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: common

text: cold

text: One

text: study

text: on

text: respiratory

text: tract

text: infections

text: found

text: physicians

text: were

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: prescribe

text: antibiotics

text: to

text: patients

text: who

text: appeared

text: to

text: expect

text: them

text: Multifactorial

text: interventions

text: aimed

text: at

text: both

text: physicians

text: and

text: patients

text: can

text: reduce

text: inappropriate

text: prescription

text: of

text: antibiotics

question: What is a way of improperly using antibiotics for those traveling?

answer: prophylactic antibiotics

text: prophylactic antibiotics

question: What can happen if a doctor doesn't prescribe to a person's weight and prior use?

answer: failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage

text: failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage

question: What are 3 other common forms of bad antibiotic practices?

answer: failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic, incorrect dosage and administration, or failure to rest for sufficient recovery

text: failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic, incorrect dosage and administration, or failure to rest for sufficient recovery

question: What happens when a cold is treated with antibiotics?

answer: Inappropriate antibiotic treatment

text: Inappropriate antibiotic treatment

question: What do doctors usually do when a patient seems to want antibiotics even though they may not be right?

answer: prescribe antibiotics

text: prescribe antibiotics


text: In nature, the red color of blood comes from hemoglobin, the iron-containing protein found in the red blood cells of all vertebrates. The red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide. It also causes the red color of the planet Mars. The red sky at sunset and sunrise is caused by an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering, which, when the sun is low or below the horizon, increases the red-wavelength light that reaches the eye. The color of autumn leaves is caused by pigments called anthocyanins, which are produced towards the end of summer, when the green chlorophyll is no longer produced. One to two percent of the human population has red hair; the color is produced by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin (which also accounts for the red color of the lips) and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.

title: Red

title: Red

text: In

text: nature

text: the

text: red

text: color

text: of

text: blood

text: comes

text: from

text: hemoglobin

text: the

text: iron

text: containing

text: protein

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: red

text: blood

text: cells

text: of

text: all

text: vertebrates

text: The

text: red

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: Grand

text: Canyon

text: and

text: other

text: geological

text: features

text: is

text: caused

text: by

text: hematite

text: or

text: red

text: ochre

text: both

text: forms

text: of

text: iron

text: oxide

text: It

text: also

text: causes

text: the

text: red

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: planet

text: Mars

text: The

text: red

text: sky

text: at

text: sunset

text: and

text: sunrise

text: is

text: caused

text: by

text: an

text: optical

text: effect

text: known

text: as

text: Rayleigh

text: scattering

text: which

text: when

text: the

text: sun

text: is

text: low

text: or

text: below

text: the

text: horizon

text: increases

text: the

text: red

text: wavelength

text: light

text: that

text: reaches

text: the

text: eye

text: The

text: color

text: of

text: autumn

text: leaves

text: is

text: caused

text: by

text: pigments

text: called

text: anthocyanins

text: which

text: are

text: produced

text: towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: summer

text: when

text: the

text: green

text: chlorophyll

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: produced

text: One

text: to

text: two

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: population

text: has

text: red

text: hair

text: the

text: color

text: is

text: produced

text: by

text: high

text: levels

text: of

text: the

text: reddish

text: pigment

text: pheomelanin

text: which

text: also

text: accounts

text: for

text: the

text: red

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: lips

text: and

text: relatively

text: low

text: levels

text: of

text: the

text: dark

text: pigment

text: eumelanin

question: From where does the color red in blood come from?

answer: hemoglobin

text: hemoglobin

question: What does hemoglobin contain?

answer: iron

text: iron

question: What causes the color of hematite and red ochre?

answer: iron oxide

text: iron oxide

question: Why does a sky turn red when the evening comes?

answer: Rayleigh scattering

text: Rayleigh scattering

question: What pigment is responsible for the color of leaves in fall?

answer: anthocyanins

text: anthocyanins


text: Although the Chinese government was initially praised for its response to the quake (especially in comparison to Myanmar's ruling military junta's blockade of aid during Cyclone Nargis), it then saw an erosion in confidence over the school construction scandal.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: Although

text: the

text: Chinese

text: government

text: was

text: initially

text: praised

text: for

text: its

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: quake

text: especially

text: in

text: comparison

text: to

text: Myanmar

text: 's

text: ruling

text: military

text: junta

text: 's

text: blockade

text: of

text: aid

text: during

text: Cyclone

text: Nargis

text: it

text: then

text: saw

text: an

text: erosion

text: in

text: confidence

text: over

text: the

text: school

text: construction

text: scandal

question: What government blocked aid after Cyclone Nargis?

answer: Myanmar

text: Myanmar

question: Over what scandal did the Chinese government lose in public opinion?

answer: school construction scandal

text: school construction scandal

question: What was the Chinese government first praised for?

answer: response to the quake

text: response to the quake


text: Much of the colonial administration belonged to this club, which had been formed by the Duke of Wellington. Meadows' terminology must represent usage by that administration. If not the first use of the terms, the letter to the Times was certainly one of the earliest presentations of this vocabulary to the general public. They became immediately popular, supplanting "Levant" and "East Indies," which gradually receded to minor usages and then began to change meaning.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: colonial

text: administration

text: belonged

text: to

text: this

text: club

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: Duke

text: of

text: Wellington

text: Meadows

text: terminology

text: must

text: represent

text: usage

text: by

text: that

text: administration

text: If

text: not

text: the

text: first

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: terms

text: the

text: letter

text: to

text: the

text: Times

text: was

text: certainly

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: presentations

text: of

text: this

text: vocabulary

text: to

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: They

text: became

text: immediately

text: popular

text: supplanting

text: Levant

text: and

text: East

text: Indies

text: which

text: gradually

text: receded

text: to

text: minor

text: usages

text: and

text: then

text: began

text: to

text: change

text: meaning

question: What was one of the earliest presentations of this vocabulary?

answer: the letter to the Times

text: the letter to the Times

question: What was said must represent usage by that administration?

answer: Meadows' terminology

text: Meadows' terminology

question: Who had formed the club that contained much of the colonial administration?

answer: Duke of Wellington

text: Duke of Wellington


text: Banking has traditionally been one of the strongest service export sectors in Uruguay: the country was once dubbed "the Switzerland of America", mainly for its banking sector and stability, although that stability has been threatened in the 21st century by the recent global economic climate. The largest bank in Uruguay is Banco Republica (BROU), based in Montevideo. Almost 20 private banks, most of them branches of international banks, operate in the country (Banco Santander, ABN AMRO, Citibank, Lloyds TSB, among others). There are also a myriad of brokers and financial-services bureaus, among them Ficus Capital, Galfin Sociedad de Bolsa, Europa Sociedad de Bolsa, Darío Cukier, GBU, Hordeñana & Asociados Sociedad de Bolsa, etc.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: Banking

text: has

text: traditionally

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: strongest

text: service

text: export

text: sectors

text: in

text: Uruguay

text: the

text: country

text: was

text: once

text: dubbed

text: the

text: Switzerland

text: of

text: America

text: mainly

text: for

text: its

text: banking

text: sector

text: and

text: stability

text: although

text: that

text: stability

text: has

text: been

text: threatened

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: by

text: the

text: recent

text: global

text: economic

text: climate

text: The

text: largest

text: bank

text: in

text: Uruguay

text: is

text: Banco

text: Republica

text: BROU

text: based

text: in

text: Montevideo

text: Almost

text: private

text: banks

text: most

text: of

text: them

text: branches

text: of

text: international

text: banks

text: operate

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Banco

text: Santander

text: ABN

text: AMRO

text: Citibank

text: Lloyds

text: TSB

text: among

text: others

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: a

text: myriad

text: of

text: brokers

text: and

text: financial

text: services

text: bureaus

text: among

text: them

text: Ficus

text: Capital

text: Galfin

text: Sociedad

text: de

text: Bolsa

text: Europa

text: Sociedad

text: de

text: Bolsa

text: Darío

text: Cukier

text: GBU

text: Hordeñana

text: Asociados

text: Sociedad

text: de

text: Bolsa

text: etc

question: What has traditionally been the strongest service export sectors in Uruguay?

answer: Banking

text: Banking

question: Uruguay was once dubbed as what?

answer: the Switzerland of America

text: the Switzerland of America

question: What is the largest bank in Uruguay?

answer: Banco Republica

text: Banco Republica

question: Where is Banco Republica based in?

answer: Montevideo

text: Montevideo


text: Carnival was introduced by Portuguese settlers. The celebration is celebrated on each of the archipelago's nine inhabited islands. In Mindelo, São Vicente groups challenge each other for a yearly prize. It has imported various Brazilian carnival traditions. The celebration in SãoNicolau is more traditional, where established groups parade through the Ribeira Brava, gathering in the town square, although it has adopted drums, floats and costumes from Brazil. In São Nicolau three groups, Copa Cabana, Estrela Azul and Brilho Da Zona constructs a painted float using fire, newspaper for the mold, iron and steel to for structure. Carnival São Nicolau is celebrated over three days: dawn Saturday, Sunday afternoon, and Tuesday.

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: Carnival

text: was

text: introduced

text: by

text: Portuguese

text: settlers

text: The

text: celebration

text: is

text: celebrated

text: on

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: archipelago

text: 's

text: nine

text: inhabited

text: islands

text: In

text: Mindelo

text: São

text: Vicente

text: groups

text: challenge

text: each

text: other

text: for

text: a

text: yearly

text: prize

text: It

text: has

text: imported

text: various

text: Brazilian

text: carnival

text: traditions

text: The

text: celebration

text: in

text: SãoNicolau

text: is

text: more

text: traditional

text: where

text: established

text: groups

text: parade

text: through

text: the

text: Ribeira

text: Brava

text: gathering

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: square

text: although

text: it

text: has

text: adopted

text: drums

text: floats

text: and

text: costumes

text: from

text: Brazil

text: In

text: São

text: Nicolau

text: three

text: groups

text: Copa

text: Cabana

text: Estrela

text: Azul

text: and

text: Brilho

text: Da

text: Zona

text: constructs

text: a

text: painted

text: float

text: using

text: fire

text: newspaper

text: for

text: the

text: mold

text: iron

text: and

text: steel

text: to

text: for

text: structure

text: Carnival

text: São

text: Nicolau

text: is

text: celebrated

text: over

text: three

text: days

text: dawn

text: Saturday

text: Sunday

text: afternoon

text: and

text: Tuesday

question: What nationality were the settlers from who introduced Carnival?

answer: Portuguese

text: Portuguese

question: How many of the inhabited islands is Carnival celebrated on?

answer: nine

text: nine

question: Three groups in São Nicolau make use of fire in the construction of what conveyance?

answer: a painted float

text: a painted float

question: What do groups in Mindelo challenge each other for?

answer: a yearly prize

text: a yearly prize

question: Over how many days is São Nicolau's Carnival celebrated?

answer: three

text: three


text: In 1880, Bell received the Volta Prize with a purse of 50,000 francs (approximately US$250,000 in today's dollars) for the invention of the telephone from the Académie française, representing the French government. Among the luminaries who judged were Victor Hugo and Alexandre Dumas. The Volta Prize was conceived by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1801, and named in honor of Alessandro Volta, with Bell receiving the third grand prize in its history. Since Bell was becoming increasingly affluent, he used his prize money to create endowment funds (the 'Volta Fund') and institutions in and around the United States capital of Washington, D.C.. These included the prestigious 'Volta Laboratory Association' (1880), also known as the Volta Laboratory and as the 'Alexander Graham Bell Laboratory', and which eventually led to the Volta Bureau (1887) as a center for studies on deafness which is still in operation in Georgetown, Washington, D.C. The Volta Laboratory became an experimental facility devoted to scientific discovery, and the very next year it improved Edison's phonograph by substituting wax for tinfoil as the recording medium and incising the recording rather than indenting it, key upgrades that Edison himself later adopted. The laboratory was also the site where he and his associate invented his "proudest achievement", "the photophone", the "optical telephone" which presaged fibre optical telecommunications, while the Volta Bureau would later evolve into the Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (the AG Bell), a leading center for the research and pedagogy of deafness.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: In

text: Bell

text: received

text: the

text: Volta

text: Prize

text: with

text: a

text: purse

text: of

text: francs

text: approximately

text: US$

text: in

text: today

text: 's

text: dollars

text: for

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: telephone

text: from

text: the

text: Académie

text: française

text: representing

text: the

text: French

text: government

text: Among

text: the

text: luminaries

text: who

text: judged

text: were

text: Victor

text: Hugo

text: and

text: Alexandre

text: Dumas

text: The

text: Volta

text: Prize

text: was

text: conceived

text: by

text: Napoleon

text: Bonaparte

text: in

text: and

text: named

text: in

text: honor

text: of

text: Alessandro

text: Volta

text: with

text: Bell

text: receiving

text: the

text: third

text: grand

text: prize

text: in

text: its

text: history

text: Since

text: Bell

text: was

text: becoming

text: increasingly

text: affluent

text: he

text: used

text: his

text: prize

text: money

text: to

text: create

text: endowment

text: funds

text: the

text: Volta

text: Fund

text: and

text: institutions

text: in

text: and

text: around

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: capital

text: of

text: Washington

text: D.C

text: These

text: included

text: the

text: prestigious

text: Volta

text: Laboratory

text: Association

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Volta

text: Laboratory

text: and

text: as

text: the

text: Alexander

text: Graham

text: Bell

text: Laboratory

text: and

text: which

text: eventually

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: Volta

text: Bureau

text: as

text: a

text: center

text: for

text: studies

text: on

text: deafness

text: which

text: is

text: still

text: in

text: operation

text: in

text: Georgetown

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: The

text: Volta

text: Laboratory

text: became

text: an

text: experimental

text: facility

text: devoted

text: to

text: scientific

text: discovery

text: and

text: the

text: very

text: next

text: year

text: it

text: improved

text: Edison

text: 's

text: phonograph

text: by

text: substituting

text: wax

text: for

text: tinfoil

text: as

text: the

text: recording

text: medium

text: and

text: incising

text: the

text: recording

text: rather

text: than

text: indenting

text: it

text: key

text: upgrades

text: that

text: Edison

text: himself

text: later

text: adopted

text: The

text: laboratory

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: site

text: where

text: he

text: and

text: his

text: associate

text: invented

text: his

text: proudest

text: achievement

text: the

text: photophone

text: the

text: optical

text: telephone

text: which

text: presaged

text: fibre

text: optical

text: telecommunications

text: while

text: the

text: Volta

text: Bureau

text: would

text: later

text: evolve

text: into

text: the

text: Alexander

text: Graham

text: Bell

text: Association

text: for

text: the

text: Deaf

text: and

text: Hard

text: of

text: Hearing

text: the

text: AG

text: Bell

text: a

text: leading

text: center

text: for

text: the

text: research

text: and

text: pedagogy

text: of

text: deafness

question: Adjusted for inflation, how many dollars were awarded to Bell alongside the Volta Prize?

answer: $250,000

question: Victor Hugo and what other author helped judge the Volta Prize in 1880?

answer: Alexandre Dumas

text: Alexandre Dumas

question: Who first established the Volta Prize?

answer: Napoleon Bonaparte

text: Napoleon Bonaparte

question: The Volta lab improved the phonograph by replacing tinfoil with what substance?

answer: wax

text: wax

question: Which Bell-founded institution still operates in Georgetown today?

answer: Volta Bureau

text: Volta Bureau


text: The Xeer legal system is assumed to have developed exclusively in the Horn of Africa since approximately the 7th century. There is no evidence that it developed elsewhere or was greatly influenced by any foreign legal system. The fact that Somali legal terminology is practically devoid of loan words from foreign languages suggests that Xeer is truly indigenous.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: The

text: Xeer

text: legal

text: system

text: is

text: assumed

text: to

text: have

text: developed

text: exclusively

text: in

text: the

text: Horn

text: of

text: Africa

text: since

text: approximately

text: the

text: century

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: evidence

text: that

text: it

text: developed

text: elsewhere

text: or

text: was

text: greatly

text: influenced

text: by

text: any

text: foreign

text: legal

text: system

text: The

text: fact

text: that

text: Somali

text: legal

text: terminology

text: is

text: practically

text: devoid

text: of

text: loan

text: words

text: from

text: foreign

text: languages

text: suggests

text: that

text: Xeer

text: is

text: truly

text: indigenous

question: In what century did the Xeer system begin?

answer: 7th

question: In what region did the Xeer system develop?

answer: the Horn of Africa

text: the Horn of Africa

question: What fact about Somali legal terms implies that Xeer developed locally?

answer: devoid of loan words

text: devoid of loan words


text: Similarly, in the United States, the independent National Research Council has noted that "sufficient domestic renewable resources exist to allow renewable electricity to play a significant role in future electricity generation and thus help confront issues related to climate change, energy security, and the escalation of energy costs … Renewable energy is an attractive option because renewable resources available in the United States, taken collectively, can supply significantly greater amounts of electricity than the total current or projected domestic demand." .

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Similarly

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: independent

text: National

text: Research

text: Council

text: has

text: noted

text: that

text: sufficient

text: domestic

text: renewable

text: resources

text: exist

text: to

text: allow

text: renewable

text: electricity

text: to

text: play

text: a

text: significant

text: role

text: in

text: future

text: electricity

text: generation

text: and

text: thus

text: help

text: confront

text: issues

text: related

text: to

text: climate

text: change

text: energy

text: security

text: and

text: the

text: escalation

text: of

text: energy

text: costs

text: Renewable

text: energy

text: is

text: an

text: attractive

text: option

text: because

text: renewable

text: resources

text: available

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: taken

text: collectively

text: can

text: supply

text: significantly

text: greater

text: amounts

text: of

text: electricity

text: than

text: the

text: total

text: current

text: or

text: projected

text: domestic

text: demand

question: Why is renewable energy an attractive option?

answer: can supply significantly greater amounts of electricity than the total current or projected domestic demand

text: can supply significantly greater amounts of electricity than the total current or projected domestic demand

question: In what country is the National Research Council located?

answer: United States

text: United States

question: Sufficient domestic reneewable resources exist for what reason?

answer: to allow renewable electricity to play a significant role in future electricity generation

text: to allow renewable electricity to play a significant role in future electricity generation


text: The age of consent to sexual activity varies widely between jurisdictions, ranging from 12 to 20 years, as does the age at which people are allowed to marry. Specific legal ages for adolescents that also vary by culture are enlisting in the military, gambling, and the purchase of alcohol, cigarettes or items with parental advisory labels. It should be noted that the legal coming of age often does not correspond with the sudden realization of autonomy; many adolescents who have legally reached adult age are still dependent on their guardians or peers for emotional and financial support. Nonetheless, new legal privileges converge with shifting social expectations to usher in a phase of heightened independence or social responsibility for most legal adolescents.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: The

text: age

text: of

text: consent

text: to

text: sexual

text: activity

text: varies

text: widely

text: between

text: jurisdictions

text: ranging

text: from

text: to

text: years

text: as

text: does

text: the

text: age

text: at

text: which

text: people

text: are

text: allowed

text: to

text: marry

text: Specific

text: legal

text: ages

text: for

text: adolescents

text: that

text: also

text: vary

text: by

text: culture

text: are

text: enlisting

text: in

text: the

text: military

text: gambling

text: and

text: the

text: purchase

text: of

text: alcohol

text: cigarettes

text: or

text: items

text: with

text: parental

text: advisory

text: labels

text: It

text: should

text: be

text: noted

text: that

text: the

text: legal

text: coming

text: of

text: age

text: often

text: does

text: not

text: correspond

text: with

text: the

text: sudden

text: realization

text: of

text: autonomy

text: many

text: adolescents

text: who

text: have

text: legally

text: reached

text: adult

text: age

text: are

text: still

text: dependent

text: on

text: their

text: guardians

text: or

text: peers

text: for

text: emotional

text: and

text: financial

text: support

text: Nonetheless

text: new

text: legal

text: privileges

text: converge

text: with

text: shifting

text: social

text: expectations

text: to

text: usher

text: in

text: a

text: phase

text: of

text: heightened

text: independence

text: or

text: social

text: responsibility

text: for

text: most

text: legal

text: adolescents

question: What is the range of consentual age variance between jurisdictions?

answer: 12 to 20 years

text: 12 to 20 years

question: Is the age that peope are allowed to marry universally decided upon?

answer: No

text: No

question: What are other areas in which legal societal age varies?

answer: enlisting in the military, gambling, and the purchase of alcohol, cigarettes or items with parental advisory labels

text: enlisting in the military, gambling, and the purchase of alcohol, cigarettes or items with parental advisory labels


text: Poultry meat and eggs provide nutritionally beneficial food containing protein of high quality. This is accompanied by low levels of fat which have a favourable mix of fatty acids. Chicken meat contains about two to three times as much polyunsaturated fat as most types of red meat when measured by weight. However, for boneless, skinless chicken breast, the amount is much lower. A 100-g serving of baked chicken breast contains 4 g of fat and 31 g of protein, compared to 10 g of fat and 27 g of protein for the same portion of broiled, lean skirt steak.

title: Poultry

title: Poultry

text: Poultry

text: meat

text: and

text: eggs

text: provide

text: nutritionally

text: beneficial

text: food

text: containing

text: protein

text: of

text: high

text: quality

text: This

text: is

text: accompanied

text: by

text: low

text: levels

text: of

text: fat

text: which

text: have

text: a

text: favourable

text: mix

text: of

text: fatty

text: acids

text: Chicken

text: meat

text: contains

text: about

text: two

text: to

text: three

text: times

text: as

text: much

text: polyunsaturated

text: fat

text: as

text: most

text: types

text: of

text: red

text: meat

text: when

text: measured

text: by

text: weight

text: However

text: for

text: boneless

text: skinless

text: chicken

text: breast

text: the

text: amount

text: is

text: much

text: lower

text: A

text: serving

text: of

text: baked

text: chicken

text: breast

text: contains

text: g

text: of

text: fat

text: and

text: g

text: of

text: protein

text: compared

text: to

text: g

text: of

text: fat

text: and

text: g

text: of

text: protein

text: for

text: the

text: same

text: portion

text: of

text: broiled

text: lean

text: skirt

text: steak

question: What is the nutitional value to humans of poultry and poultry products?

answer: protein of high quality

text: protein of high quality

question: What is the fat and protien content of a 100g ram serving of baked chicken breast contain ?

answer: 4 g of fat and 31 g of protein

text: 4 g of fat and 31 g of protein

question: How much healthy fat in in the average serving of poultry?

answer: two to three times as much polyunsaturated fat as most types of red meat

text: two to three times as much polyunsaturated fat as most types of red meat

question: Does chicken contain fat?

answer: low levels of fat which have a favourable mix of fatty acids

text: low levels of fat which have a favourable mix of fatty acids


text: The newer micro-USB receptacles are designed for a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion and removal between the receptacle and plug, compared to 1,500 for the standard USB and 5,000 for the mini-USB receptacle. Features intended to accomplish include, a locking device was added and the leaf-spring was moved from the jack to the plug, so that the most-stressed part is on the cable side of the connection. This change was made so that the connector on the less expensive cable would bear the most wear instead of the more expensive micro-USB device. However the idea that these changes did in fact make the connector more durable in real world use has been widely disputed, with many contending that they are in fact, much less durable.

title: USB

title: USB

text: The

text: newer

text: micro

text: USB

text: receptacles

text: are

text: designed

text: for

text: a

text: minimum

text: rated

text: lifetime

text: of

text: cycles

text: of

text: insertion

text: and

text: removal

text: between

text: the

text: receptacle

text: and

text: plug

text: compared

text: to

text: for

text: the

text: standard

text: USB

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: mini

text: USB

text: receptacle

text: Features

text: intended

text: to

text: accomplish

text: include

text: a

text: locking

text: device

text: was

text: added

text: and

text: the

text: leaf

text: spring

text: was

text: moved

text: from

text: the

text: jack

text: to

text: the

text: plug

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: most

text: stressed

text: part

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: cable

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: connection

text: This

text: change

text: was

text: made

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: connector

text: on

text: the

text: less

text: expensive

text: cable

text: would

text: bear

text: the

text: most

text: wear

text: instead

text: of

text: the

text: more

text: expensive

text: micro

text: USB

text: device

text: However

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: these

text: changes

text: did

text: in

text: fact

text: make

text: the

text: connector

text: more

text: durable

text: in

text: real

text: world

text: use

text: has

text: been

text: widely

text: disputed

text: with

text: many

text: contending

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: in

text: fact

text: much

text: less

text: durable

question: What are the newer micro-USB receptacles designed for?

answer: a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion

text: a minimum rated lifetime of 10,000 cycles of insertion

question: What is the minimum rated lifetime for the standard USB receptacle?

answer: 1,500

question: After a leaf-spring was moved from jack to the plug, the most stressed part was found where?

answer: on the cable side of the connection

text: on the cable side of the connection

question: Why was the change made for the USB device?

answer: so that the connector on the less expensive cable would bear the most wear

text: so that the connector on the less expensive cable would bear the most wear


text: The island was administered as an extension of Virginia by the Company until 1614. Its spin-off, the Somers Isles Company, took over in 1615 and managed the colony until 1684. At that time, the company's charter was revoked, and the English Crown took over administration. The islands became a British colony following the 1707 unification of the parliaments of Scotland and England, which created the Kingdom of Great Britain. After 1949, when Newfoundland became part of Canada, Bermuda was automatically ranked as the oldest remaining British Overseas Territory. Since the return of Hong Kong to China in 1997, it is the most populous Territory. Its first capital, St. George's, was established in 1612 and is the oldest continuously inhabited English town in the New World.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: The

text: island

text: was

text: administered

text: as

text: an

text: extension

text: of

text: Virginia

text: by

text: the

text: Company

text: until

text: Its

text: spin

text: off

text: the

text: Somers

text: Isles

text: Company

text: took

text: over

text: in

text: and

text: managed

text: the

text: colony

text: until

text: At

text: that

text: time

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: charter

text: was

text: revoked

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: Crown

text: took

text: over

text: administration

text: The

text: islands

text: became

text: a

text: British

text: colony

text: following

text: the

text: unification

text: of

text: the

text: parliaments

text: of

text: Scotland

text: and

text: England

text: which

text: created

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: After

text: when

text: Newfoundland

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: Canada

text: Bermuda

text: was

text: automatically

text: ranked

text: as

text: the

text: oldest

text: remaining

text: British

text: Overseas

text: Territory

text: Since

text: the

text: return

text: of

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: to

text: China

text: in

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: Territory

text: Its

text: first

text: capital

text: St.

text: George

text: 's

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: continuously

text: inhabited

text: English

text: town

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: World

question: What is the capital of Bermuda?

answer: St. George's

text: St. George's

question: What spin-off company took over operations in Bermuda in 1615?

answer: Somers Isles Company

text: Somers Isles Company

question: In what year did Bermuda enter British rule?

answer: 1707

question: What is the name of the company that managed the colony from 1615-1684?

answer: the Somers Isles Company

text: the Somers Isles Company

question: In what year did the islands become a British colony?

answer: 1707

question: What event occured that automatically ranked Bermuda as the oldest remaining British Overseas Territory?

answer: Newfoundland became part of Canada

text: Newfoundland became part of Canada

question: What was Bermuda's first capital?

answer: St. George

text: St. George


text: Although night air defence was causing greater concern before the war, it was not at the forefront of RAF planning. Most of the resources went into planning for daylight fighter defences. The difficulty RAF bombers had navigating in darkness, led the British to believe German bombers would suffer the same problems and would be unable to reach and identify their targets. There was also a mentality in all air forces that, if they could carry out effective operations by day, night missions and their disadvantages could be avoided.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: Although

text: night

text: air

text: defence

text: was

text: causing

text: greater

text: concern

text: before

text: the

text: war

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: at

text: the

text: forefront

text: of

text: RAF

text: planning

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: resources

text: went

text: into

text: planning

text: for

text: daylight

text: fighter

text: defences

text: The

text: difficulty

text: RAF

text: bombers

text: had

text: navigating

text: in

text: darkness

text: led

text: the

text: British

text: to

text: believe

text: German

text: bombers

text: would

text: suffer

text: the

text: same

text: problems

text: and

text: would

text: be

text: unable

text: to

text: reach

text: and

text: identify

text: their

text: targets

text: There

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: mentality

text: in

text: all

text: air

text: forces

text: that

text: if

text: they

text: could

text: carry

text: out

text: effective

text: operations

text: by

text: day

text: night

text: missions

text: and

text: their

text: disadvantages

text: could

text: be

text: avoided

question: What did the RAF put most of their resources into?

answer: daylight fighter defences

text: daylight fighter defences

question: RAF bombers had trouble flying at night, so the British believe the Germans would do what?

answer: suffer the same problems

text: suffer the same problems

question: What did the Air Force believe they could avoid if they carried out effective day missions?

answer: night missions and their disadvantages

text: night missions and their disadvantages

question: Britain believe German bombers would be unable to reach and identify what?

answer: targets

text: targets


text: The major time divisions of classical music up to 1900 are the early music period, which includes Medieval (500–1400) and Renaissance (1400–1600) eras, and the Common practice period, which includes the Baroque (1600–1750), Classical (1750–1830) and Romantic (1804–1910) eras. Since 1900, classical periods have been reckoned more by calendar century than by particular stylistic movements that have become fragmented and difficult to define. The 20th century calendar period (1901–2000) includes most of the early modern musical era (1890–1930), the entire high modern (mid 20th-century), and the first 25 years of the contemporary or postmodern musical era (1975–current). The 21st century has so far been characterized by a continuation of the contemporary/postmodern musical era.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: The

text: major

text: time

text: divisions

text: of

text: classical

text: music

text: up

text: to

text: are

text: the

text: early

text: music

text: period

text: which

text: includes

text: Medieval

text: and

text: Renaissance

text: eras

text: and

text: the

text: Common

text: practice

text: period

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: Baroque

text: Classical

text: and

text: Romantic

text: eras

text: Since

text: classical

text: periods

text: have

text: been

text: reckoned

text: more

text: by

text: calendar

text: century

text: than

text: by

text: particular

text: stylistic

text: movements

text: that

text: have

text: become

text: fragmented

text: and

text: difficult

text: to

text: define

text: The

text: century

text: calendar

text: period

text: includes

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: modern

text: musical

text: era

text: the

text: entire

text: high

text: modern

text: mid

text: century

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: contemporary

text: or

text: postmodern

text: musical

text: era

text: The

text: century

text: has

text: so

text: far

text: been

text: characterized

text: by

text: a

text: continuation

text: of

text: the

text: contemporary

text: postmodern

text: musical

text: era

question: What period was from 500-1400?

answer: Medieval

text: Medieval

question: What years dictate the Baroque period?

answer: 1600–1750

question: How have periods been reckoned Since 1900?

answer: by calendar century

text: by calendar century

question: What era has the 21st century has been characterized by?

answer: the contemporary/postmodern musical era

text: the contemporary/postmodern musical era

question: The years 1804-1910 marked what era?

answer: Romantic

text: Romantic


text: A broad way of defining adolescence is the transition from child-to-adulthood. According to Hogan & Astone (1986), this transition can include markers such as leaving school, starting a full-time job, leaving the home of origin, getting married, and becoming a parent for the first time. However, the time frame of this transition varies drastically by culture. In some countries, such as the United States, adolescence can last nearly a decade, but in others, the transition—often in the form of a ceremony—can last for only a few days.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: A

text: broad

text: way

text: of

text: defining

text: adolescence

text: is

text: the

text: transition

text: from

text: child

text: to

text: adulthood

text: According

text: to

text: Hogan

text: Astone

text: this

text: transition

text: can

text: include

text: markers

text: such

text: as

text: leaving

text: school

text: starting

text: a

text: full

text: time

text: job

text: leaving

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: origin

text: getting

text: married

text: and

text: becoming

text: a

text: parent

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: However

text: the

text: time

text: frame

text: of

text: this

text: transition

text: varies

text: drastically

text: by

text: culture

text: In

text: some

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: adolescence

text: can

text: last

text: nearly

text: a

text: decade

text: but

text: in

text: others

text: the

text: transition

text: often

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: ceremony

text: can

text: last

text: for

text: only

text: a

text: few

text: days

question: The transition from child-to-adulthood can be broadly defined as what?

answer: adolescence

text: adolescence

question: How long does the United States believe adolescence lasts?

answer: nearly a decade

text: nearly a decade

question: Does the time frame of adolescence vary from culture to culture or remain universally agreed upon?

answer: varies drastically by culture

text: varies drastically by culture

question: Leaving school, starting a full-time job, getting married, and becoming a parent for the first time are markers in what stage of one's development, according to Hogan & Astone?

answer: adolescence

text: adolescence


text: Dietary fiber is a carbohydrate that is incompletely absorbed in humans and in some animals. Like all carbohydrates, when it is metabolized it can produce four Calories (kilocalories) of energy per gram. However, in most circumstances it accounts for less than that because of its limited absorption and digestibility. Dietary fiber consists mainly of cellulose, a large carbohydrate polymer which is indigestible as humans do not have the required enzymes to disassemble it. There are two subcategories: soluble and insoluble fiber. Whole grains, fruits (especially plums, prunes, and figs), and vegetables are good sources of dietary fiber. There are many health benefits of a high-fiber diet. Dietary fiber helps reduce the chance of gastrointestinal problems such as constipation and diarrhea by increasing the weight and size of stool and softening it. Insoluble fiber, found in whole wheat flour, nuts and vegetables, especially stimulates peristalsis – the rhythmic muscular contractions of the intestines, which move digesta along the digestive tract. Soluble fiber, found in oats, peas, beans, and many fruits, dissolves in water in the intestinal tract to produce a gel that slows the movement of food through the intestines. This may help lower blood glucose levels because it can slow the absorption of sugar. Additionally, fiber, perhaps especially that from whole grains, is thought to possibly help lessen insulin spikes, and therefore reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. The link between increased fiber consumption and a decreased risk of colorectal cancer is still uncertain.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Dietary

text: fiber

text: is

text: a

text: carbohydrate

text: that

text: is

text: incompletely

text: absorbed

text: in

text: humans

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: animals

text: Like

text: all

text: carbohydrates

text: when

text: it

text: is

text: metabolized

text: it

text: can

text: produce

text: four

text: Calories

text: kilocalories

text: of

text: energy

text: per

text: gram

text: However

text: in

text: most

text: circumstances

text: it

text: accounts

text: for

text: less

text: than

text: that

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: limited

text: absorption

text: and

text: digestibility

text: Dietary

text: fiber

text: consists

text: mainly

text: of

text: cellulose

text: a

text: large

text: carbohydrate

text: polymer

text: which

text: is

text: indigestible

text: as

text: humans

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: the

text: required

text: enzymes

text: to

text: disassemble

text: it

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: subcategories

text: soluble

text: and

text: insoluble

text: fiber

text: Whole

text: grains

text: fruits

text: especially

text: plums

text: prunes

text: and

text: figs

text: and

text: vegetables

text: are

text: good

text: sources

text: of

text: dietary

text: fiber

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: health

text: benefits

text: of

text: a

text: high

text: fiber

text: diet

text: Dietary

text: fiber

text: helps

text: reduce

text: the

text: chance

text: of

text: gastrointestinal

text: problems

text: such

text: as

text: constipation

text: and

text: diarrhea

text: by

text: increasing

text: the

text: weight

text: and

text: size

text: of

text: stool

text: and

text: softening

text: it

text: Insoluble

text: fiber

text: found

text: in

text: whole

text: wheat

text: flour

text: nuts

text: and

text: vegetables

text: especially

text: stimulates

text: peristalsis

text: the

text: rhythmic

text: muscular

text: contractions

text: of

text: the

text: intestines

text: which

text: move

text: digesta

text: along

text: the

text: digestive

text: tract

text: Soluble

text: fiber

text: found

text: in

text: oats

text: peas

text: beans

text: and

text: many

text: fruits

text: dissolves

text: in

text: water

text: in

text: the

text: intestinal

text: tract

text: to

text: produce

text: a

text: gel

text: that

text: slows

text: the

text: movement

text: of

text: food

text: through

text: the

text: intestines

text: This

text: may

text: help

text: lower

text: blood

text: glucose

text: levels

text: because

text: it

text: can

text: slow

text: the

text: absorption

text: of

text: sugar

text: Additionally

text: fiber

text: perhaps

text: especially

text: that

text: from

text: whole

text: grains

text: is

text: thought

text: to

text: possibly

text: help

text: lessen

text: insulin

text: spikes

text: and

text: therefore

text: reduce

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: type

text: diabetes

text: The

text: link

text: between

text: increased

text: fiber

text: consumption

text: and

text: a

text: decreased

text: risk

text: of

text: colorectal

text: cancer

text: is

text: still

text: uncertain

question: What example of a carbohydrate is unable to be fully absorbed in humans?

answer: Dietary fiber

text: Dietary fiber

question: How many kilocalories of energy per gram is dietary fiber able to produce when successfully metabolized?

answer: four

text: four

question: What is the main component that makes up dietary fiber?

answer: cellulose

text: cellulose

question: What is an example of a gastrointestinal problem other than diarrhea?

answer: constipation

text: constipation

question: What does soluble fiber do to help lower blood glucose levels?

answer: slow the absorption of sugar

text: slow the absorption of sugar


text: Disagreements over the island's relationship with Australia were put in sharper relief by a 2006 review undertaken by the Australian government. Under the more radical of two models proposed in the review, the island's legislative assembly would have been reduced to the status of a local council. However, in December 2006, citing the "significant disruption" that changes to the governance would impose on the island's economy, the Australian government ended the review leaving the existing governance arrangements unaltered.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: Disagreements

text: over

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: relationship

text: with

text: Australia

text: were

text: put

text: in

text: sharper

text: relief

text: by

text: a

text: review

text: undertaken

text: by

text: the

text: Australian

text: government

text: Under

text: the

text: more

text: radical

text: of

text: two

text: models

text: proposed

text: in

text: the

text: review

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: legislative

text: assembly

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: reduced

text: to

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: a

text: local

text: council

text: However

text: in

text: December

text: citing

text: the

text: significant

text: disruption

text: that

text: changes

text: to

text: the

text: governance

text: would

text: impose

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: economy

text: the

text: Australian

text: government

text: ended

text: the

text: review

text: leaving

text: the

text: existing

text: governance

text: arrangements

text: unaltered

question: How many models did Australia propose to Norfolk Island's legislative assembly?

answer: two

text: two

question: What would the more severe of the proposed plans threaten to reduce Norfolk Island's assembly to?

answer: a local council

text: a local council

question: When did the Australian government end their review on Norfolk Island?

answer: December 2006

text: December 2006

question: The Australian government said that changes to Norfolk Island's government would cause what?

answer: significant disruption

text: significant disruption


text: General Frossard's II Corps and Marshal Bazaine's III Corps crossed the German border on 2 August, and began to force the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division from the town of Saarbrücken with a series of direct attacks. The Chassepot rifle proved its worth against the Dreyse rifle, with French riflemen regularly outdistancing their Prussian counterparts in the skirmishing around Saarbrücken. However the Prussians resisted strongly, and the French suffered 86 casualties to the Prussian 83 casualties. Saarbrücken also proved to be a major obstacle in terms of logistics. Only one railway there led to the German hinterland but could be easily defended by a single force, and the only river systems in the region ran along the border instead of inland. While the French hailed the invasion as the first step towards the Rhineland and later Berlin, General Le Bœuf and Napoleon III were receiving alarming reports from foreign news sources of Prussian and Bavarian armies massing to the southeast in addition to the forces to the north and northeast.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: General

text: Frossard

text: 's

text: II

text: Corps

text: and

text: Marshal

text: Bazaine

text: 's

text: III

text: Corps

text: crossed

text: the

text: German

text: border

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: began

text: to

text: force

text: the

text: Prussian

text: Regiment

text: of

text: the

text: Infantry

text: Division

text: from

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Saarbrücken

text: with

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: direct

text: attacks

text: The

text: Chassepot

text: rifle

text: proved

text: its

text: worth

text: against

text: the

text: Dreyse

text: rifle

text: with

text: French

text: riflemen

text: regularly

text: outdistancing

text: their

text: Prussian

text: counterparts

text: in

text: the

text: skirmishing

text: around

text: Saarbrücken

text: However

text: the

text: Prussians

text: resisted

text: strongly

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: suffered

text: casualties

text: to

text: the

text: Prussian

text: casualties

text: Saarbrücken

text: also

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: major

text: obstacle

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: logistics

text: Only

text: one

text: railway

text: there

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: German

text: hinterland

text: but

text: could

text: be

text: easily

text: defended

text: by

text: a

text: single

text: force

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: river

text: systems

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: ran

text: along

text: the

text: border

text: instead

text: of

text: inland

text: While

text: the

text: French

text: hailed

text: the

text: invasion

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: step

text: towards

text: the

text: Rhineland

text: and

text: later

text: Berlin

text: General

text: Le

text: Bœuf

text: and

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: were

text: receiving

text: alarming

text: reports

text: from

text: foreign

text: news

text: sources

text: of

text: Prussian

text: and

text: Bavarian

text: armies

text: massing

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: forces

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

question: On which date did Frossard's and Bazaines's troops cross the German border?

answer: 2 August

text: 2 August

question: What proved its worth against the Dreyse rifle?

answer: The Chassepot rifle

text: The Chassepot rifle

question: Which regiment did their respective corps force from the town of Saarbrucken?

answer: the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division

text: the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division

question: How many casualties did the French suffer at Saarbrucken?

answer: 86 casualties

text: 86 casualties

question: How many casualties did the Prussians suffer at Saarbrucken?

answer: 83 casualties

text: 83 casualties


text: The United States joined World War II in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. On the European front, U.S. Army troops formed a significant portion of the forces that captured North Africa and Sicily, and later fought in Italy. On D-Day, June 6, 1944, and in the subsequent liberation of Europe and defeat of Nazi Germany, millions of U.S. Army troops played a central role. In the Pacific War, U.S. Army soldiers participated alongside the United States Marine Corps in capturing the Pacific Islands from Japanese control. Following the Axis surrenders in May (Germany) and August (Japan) of 1945, army troops were deployed to Japan and Germany to occupy the two defeated nations. Two years after World War II, the Army Air Forces separated from the army to become the United States Air Force in September 1947 after decades of attempting to separate. Also, in 1948, the army was desegregated by order of President Harry S. Truman.

title: United_States_Army

title: United_States_Army

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: joined

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: December

text: after

text: the

text: Japanese

text: attack

text: on

text: Pearl

text: Harbor

text: On

text: the

text: European

text: front

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: troops

text: formed

text: a

text: significant

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: forces

text: that

text: captured

text: North

text: Africa

text: and

text: Sicily

text: and

text: later

text: fought

text: in

text: Italy

text: On

text: D

text: Day

text: June

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: subsequent

text: liberation

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: defeat

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: millions

text: of

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: troops

text: played

text: a

text: central

text: role

text: In

text: the

text: Pacific

text: War

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: soldiers

text: participated

text: alongside

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Marine

text: Corps

text: in

text: capturing

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Islands

text: from

text: Japanese

text: control

text: Following

text: the

text: Axis

text: surrenders

text: in

text: May

text: Germany

text: and

text: August

text: Japan

text: of

text: army

text: troops

text: were

text: deployed

text: to

text: Japan

text: and

text: Germany

text: to

text: occupy

text: the

text: two

text: defeated

text: nations

text: Two

text: years

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: the

text: Army

text: Air

text: Forces

text: separated

text: from

text: the

text: army

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Air

text: Force

text: in

text: September

text: after

text: decades

text: of

text: attempting

text: to

text: separate

text: Also

text: in

text: the

text: army

text: was

text: desegregated

text: by

text: order

text: of

text: President

text: Harry

text: S.

text: Truman

question: What month and year did the U.S. join World War II?

answer: December 1941

text: December 1941

question: Which military force attacked Pearl Harbor?

answer: Japanese

text: Japanese

question: What is the month, day and year of "D-Day"?

answer: June 6, 1944

text: June 6, 1944

question: What war lead to the capture of the Pacific Islands by the U.S.?

answer: Pacific War

text: Pacific War

question: Who was responsible for the desegregation of the army?

answer: Harry S. Truman

text: Harry S. Truman


text: John was deeply suspicious of the barons, particularly those with sufficient power and wealth to potentially challenge the king. Numerous barons were subjected to John's malevolentia, even including William Marshal, a famous knight and baron normally held up as a model of utter loyalty. The most infamous case, which went beyond anything considered acceptable at the time, proved to be that of William de Braose, a powerful marcher lord with lands in Ireland. De Braose was subjected to punitive demands for money, and when he refused to pay a huge sum of 40,000 marks (equivalent to £26,666 at the time),[nb 13] his wife and one of his sons were imprisoned by John, which resulted in their deaths. De Braose died in exile in 1211, and his grandsons remained in prison until 1218. John's suspicions and jealousies meant that he rarely enjoyed good relationships with even the leading loyalist barons.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: John

text: was

text: deeply

text: suspicious

text: of

text: the

text: barons

text: particularly

text: those

text: with

text: sufficient

text: power

text: and

text: wealth

text: to

text: potentially

text: challenge

text: the

text: king

text: Numerous

text: barons

text: were

text: subjected

text: to

text: John

text: 's

text: malevolentia

text: even

text: including

text: William

text: Marshal

text: a

text: famous

text: knight

text: and

text: baron

text: normally

text: held

text: up

text: as

text: a

text: model

text: of

text: utter

text: loyalty

text: The

text: most

text: infamous

text: case

text: which

text: went

text: beyond

text: anything

text: considered

text: acceptable

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: that

text: of

text: William

text: de

text: Braose

text: a

text: powerful

text: marcher

text: lord

text: with

text: lands

text: in

text: Ireland

text: De

text: Braose

text: was

text: subjected

text: to

text: punitive

text: demands

text: for

text: money

text: and

text: when

text: he

text: refused

text: to

text: pay

text: a

text: huge

text: sum

text: of

text: marks

text: equivalent

text: to

text: at

text: the

text: time),[nb

text: his

text: wife

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: sons

text: were

text: imprisoned

text: by

text: John

text: which

text: resulted

text: in

text: their

text: deaths

text: De

text: Braose

text: died

text: in

text: exile

text: in

text: and

text: his

text: grandsons

text: remained

text: in

text: prison

text: until

text: John

text: 's

text: suspicions

text: and

text: jealousies

text: meant

text: that

text: he

text: rarely

text: enjoyed

text: good

text: relationships

text: with

text: even

text: the

text: leading

text: loyalist

text: barons

question: John was deeply suspicious of who?

answer: the barons

text: the barons

question: What famous knight was subjected to John's malevolentia?

answer: William Marshal

text: William Marshal

question: How many marks did De Braose refuse to pay?

answer: 40,000

question: When did De Braose die?

answer: 1211


text: A treaty is an agreement under international law entered into by actors in international law, namely sovereign states and international organizations. A treaty may also be known as an (international) agreement, protocol, covenant, convention, pact, or exchange of letters, among other terms. Regardless of terminology, all of these forms of agreements are, under international law, equally considered treaties and the rules are the same.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: A

text: treaty

text: is

text: an

text: agreement

text: under

text: international

text: law

text: entered

text: into

text: by

text: actors

text: in

text: international

text: law

text: namely

text: sovereign

text: states

text: and

text: international

text: organizations

text: A

text: treaty

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: international

text: agreement

text: protocol

text: covenant

text: convention

text: pact

text: or

text: exchange

text: of

text: letters

text: among

text: other

text: terms

text: Regardless

text: of

text: terminology

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: forms

text: of

text: agreements

text: are

text: under

text: international

text: law

text: equally

text: considered

text: treaties

text: and

text: the

text: rules

text: are

text: the

text: same

question: Who are the actors in international law?

answer: sovereign states and international organizations

text: sovereign states and international organizations

question: What is an agreement entered into by actors in international law?

answer: A treaty

text: A treaty

question: How are different forms of agreements treated under international law compared to treaties?

answer: equally

text: equally

question: How would you compare the rules of a treaty and a covenant under international law?

answer: the rules are the same

text: the rules are the same


text: A multilateral treaty is concluded among several countries. The agreement establishes rights and obligations between each party and every other party. Multilateral treaties are often regional.[citation needed] Treaties of "mutual guarantee" are international compacts, e.g., the Treaty of Locarno which guarantees each signatory against attack from another.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: A

text: multilateral

text: treaty

text: is

text: concluded

text: among

text: several

text: countries

text: The

text: agreement

text: establishes

text: rights

text: and

text: obligations

text: between

text: each

text: party

text: and

text: every

text: other

text: party

text: Multilateral

text: treaties

text: are

text: often

text: regional.[citation

text: needed

text: Treaties

text: of

text: mutual

text: guarantee

text: are

text: international

text: compacts

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Locarno

text: which

text: guarantees

text: each

text: signatory

text: against

text: attack

text: from

text: another

question: What is a treaty concluded among several countries?

answer: A multilateral treaty

text: A multilateral treaty

question: Between which parties does a multilateral treaty establish rights and obligations?

answer: each party and every other party

text: each party and every other party

question: The Treaty of Locarno guarantees each signatory against what from another signatory?

answer: attack

text: attack

question: What type of treaty is a mutual guarantee?

answer: international compacts

text: international compacts

question: Multilateral treaties are often entered into by countries that share the same what?

answer: region

text: region


text: Other immune system disorders include various hypersensitivities (such as in asthma and other allergies) that respond inappropriately to otherwise harmless compounds.

title: Immunology

title: Immunology

text: Other

text: immune

text: system

text: disorders

text: include

text: various

text: hypersensitivities

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: asthma

text: and

text: other

text: allergies

text: that

text: respond

text: inappropriately

text: to

text: otherwise

text: harmless

text: compounds

question: What is a type of immune system disorder?

answer: hypersensitivities

text: hypersensitivities

question: What are some examples of hypersensitivities?

answer: asthma and other allergies

text: asthma and other allergies

question: What characterizes a hypersensitivity?

answer: respond inappropriately to otherwise harmless compounds.

text: respond inappropriately to otherwise harmless compounds.


text: While West had encountered controversy a year prior when he stormed out of the American Music Awards of 2004 after losing Best New Artist, the rapper's first large-scale controversy came just days following Late Registration's release, during a benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina victims. In September 2005, NBC broadcast A Concert for Hurricane Relief, and West was a featured speaker. When West was presenting alongside actor Mike Myers, he deviated from the prepared script. Myers spoke next and continued to read the script. Once it was West's turn to speak again, he said, "George Bush doesn't care about black people." West's comment reached much of the United States, leading to mixed reactions; President Bush would later call it one of the most "disgusting moments" of his presidency. West raised further controversy in January 2006 when he posed on the cover of Rolling Stone wearing a crown of thorns.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: While

text: West

text: had

text: encountered

text: controversy

text: a

text: year

text: prior

text: when

text: he

text: stormed

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: Music

text: Awards

text: of

text: after

text: losing

text: Best

text: New

text: Artist

text: the

text: rapper

text: 's

text: first

text: large

text: scale

text: controversy

text: came

text: just

text: days

text: following

text: Late

text: Registration

text: 's

text: release

text: during

text: a

text: benefit

text: concert

text: for

text: Hurricane

text: Katrina

text: victims

text: In

text: September

text: NBC

text: broadcast

text: A

text: Concert

text: for

text: Hurricane

text: Relief

text: and

text: West

text: was

text: a

text: featured

text: speaker

text: When

text: West

text: was

text: presenting

text: alongside

text: actor

text: Mike

text: Myers

text: he

text: deviated

text: from

text: the

text: prepared

text: script

text: Myers

text: spoke

text: next

text: and

text: continued

text: to

text: read

text: the

text: script

text: Once

text: it

text: was

text: West

text: 's

text: turn

text: to

text: speak

text: again

text: he

text: said

text: George

text: Bush

text: does

text: n't

text: care

text: about

text: black

text: people

text: West

text: 's

text: comment

text: reached

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: leading

text: to

text: mixed

text: reactions

text: President

text: Bush

text: would

text: later

text: call

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: disgusting

text: moments

text: of

text: his

text: presidency

text: West

text: raised

text: further

text: controversy

text: in

text: January

text: when

text: he

text: posed

text: on

text: the

text: cover

text: of

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: wearing

text: a

text: crown

text: of

text: thorns

question: The loss of which award caused Kanye to leave the American Music Awards?

answer: Best New Artist

text: Best New Artist

question: Kanye participated alongside Mike Meyers in a relief benefit show for what natural disaster?

answer: Hurricane Katrina

text: Hurricane Katrina

question: What magazine did Kanye don a thorn crown for the cover of in 2006?

answer: Rolling Stone

text: Rolling Stone

question: In which AMA category did Kanye lose in 2004?

answer: Best New Artist

text: Best New Artist

question: Which actor was alongside Kanye West when he insulted President Bush?

answer: Mike Myers

text: Mike Myers

question: What magazine did Kanye West pose for in 2006 that caused another controversy?

answer: Rolling Stone

text: Rolling Stone

question: What broadcast for NBC was Kanye presenting for when he spoke negatively about President Bush?

answer: A Concert for Hurricane Relief

text: A Concert for Hurricane Relief


text: Based on experience with German strategic bombing during World War I against the United Kingdom, the British government estimated after the war that 50 casualties— with about one third killed— would result for every tonne of bombs dropped on London. The estimate of tonnes of bombs an enemy could drop per day grew as aircraft technology advanced, from 75 in 1922, to 150 in 1934, to 644 in 1937. That year the Committee on Imperial Defence estimated that an attack of 60 days would result in 600,000 dead and 1,200,000 wounded. News reports of the Spanish Civil War, such as the bombing of Barcelona, supported the 50-casualties-per-tonne estimate. By 1938 experts generally expected that Germany would attempt to drop as much as 3,500 tonnes in the first 24 hours of war and average 700 tonnes a day for several weeks. In addition to high explosive and incendiary bombs the enemy would possibly use poison gas and even bacteriological warfare, all with a high degree of accuracy. In 1939 military theorist Basil Liddell-Hart predicted that 250,000 deaths and injuries in Britain could occur in the first week of war.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: Based

text: on

text: experience

text: with

text: German

text: strategic

text: bombing

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: against

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: estimated

text: after

text: the

text: war

text: that

text: casualties—

text: with

text: about

text: one

text: third

text: killed—

text: would

text: result

text: for

text: every

text: tonne

text: of

text: bombs

text: dropped

text: on

text: London

text: The

text: estimate

text: of

text: tonnes

text: of

text: bombs

text: an

text: enemy

text: could

text: drop

text: per

text: day

text: grew

text: as

text: aircraft

text: technology

text: advanced

text: from

text: in

text: to

text: in

text: to

text: in

text: That

text: year

text: the

text: Committee

text: on

text: Imperial

text: Defence

text: estimated

text: that

text: an

text: attack

text: of

text: days

text: would

text: result

text: in

text: dead

text: and

text: wounded

text: News

text: reports

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Civil

text: War

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: bombing

text: of

text: Barcelona

text: supported

text: the

text: per

text: tonne

text: estimate

text: By

text: experts

text: generally

text: expected

text: that

text: Germany

text: would

text: attempt

text: to

text: drop

text: as

text: much

text: as

text: tonnes

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: hours

text: of

text: war

text: and

text: average

text: tonnes

text: a

text: day

text: for

text: several

text: weeks

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: high

text: explosive

text: and

text: incendiary

text: bombs

text: the

text: enemy

text: would

text: possibly

text: use

text: poison

text: gas

text: and

text: even

text: bacteriological

text: warfare

text: all

text: with

text: a

text: high

text: degree

text: of

text: accuracy

text: In

text: military

text: theorist

text: Basil

text: Liddell

text: Hart

text: predicted

text: that

text: deaths

text: and

text: injuries

text: in

text: Britain

text: could

text: occur

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: week

text: of

text: war

question: How many casualties did the British government estimate for every ton of bombs dropped?

answer: 50

question: As technology increased what was the amount of bombs that could be dropped in 1937 per day?

answer: 644

question: How many tons did experts expect Germany to drop in the first 24 hours of the war?

answer: 3,500

question: What committee estimated that 60 days of attacks would result in 600,000 deaths?

answer: Imperial Defence

text: Imperial Defence

question: Who was the military theorist in 1939 who said 250,000 deaths and injury could occur in the first week of war in Britian?

answer: Basil Liddell-Hart

text: Basil Liddell-Hart


text: "Race" is still sometimes used within forensic anthropology (when analyzing skeletal remains), biomedical research, and race-based medicine. Brace has criticized this, the practice of forensic anthropologists for using the controversial concept "race" out of convention when they in fact should be talking about regional ancestry. He argues that while forensic anthropologists can determine that a skeletal remain comes from a person with ancestors in a specific region of Africa, categorizing that skeletal as being "black" is a socially constructed category that is only meaningful in the particular context of the United States, and which is not itself scientifically valid.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Race

text: is

text: still

text: sometimes

text: used

text: within

text: forensic

text: anthropology

text: when

text: analyzing

text: skeletal

text: remains

text: biomedical

text: research

text: and

text: race

text: based

text: medicine

text: Brace

text: has

text: criticized

text: this

text: the

text: practice

text: of

text: forensic

text: anthropologists

text: for

text: using

text: the

text: controversial

text: concept

text: race

text: out

text: of

text: convention

text: when

text: they

text: in

text: fact

text: should

text: be

text: talking

text: about

text: regional

text: ancestry

text: He

text: argues

text: that

text: while

text: forensic

text: anthropologists

text: can

text: determine

text: that

text: a

text: skeletal

text: remain

text: comes

text: from

text: a

text: person

text: with

text: ancestors

text: in

text: a

text: specific

text: region

text: of

text: Africa

text: categorizing

text: that

text: skeletal

text: as

text: being

text: black

text: is

text: a

text: socially

text: constructed

text: category

text: that

text: is

text: only

text: meaningful

text: in

text: the

text: particular

text: context

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: which

text: is

text: not

text: itself

text: scientifically

text: valid

question: What type of anthropology is "race" sometimes still used within?

answer: forensic

text: forensic

question: What term would Brace prefer forensic anthropologists use?

answer: regional ancestry

text: regional ancestry

question: What can forensic anthropologists determine about the ancestors of someone from their skeletal remains?

answer: specific region

text: specific region

question: What does Brace feel the term "black" in meaningful in?

answer: particular context

text: particular context

question: Why is it bad that a category is merely socially constructed?

answer: is not itself scientifically valid

text: is not itself scientifically valid


text: This problem was compounded when the main Hanoverian army under Cumberland was defeated at the Battle of Hastenbeck and forced to surrender entirely at the Convention of Klosterzeven following a French Invasion of Hanover. The Convention removed Hanover and Brunswick from the war, leaving the Western approach to Prussian territory extremely vulnerable. Frederick sent urgent requests to Britain for more substantial assistance, as he was now without any outside military support for his forces in Germany.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: This

text: problem

text: was

text: compounded

text: when

text: the

text: main

text: Hanoverian

text: army

text: under

text: Cumberland

text: was

text: defeated

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Hastenbeck

text: and

text: forced

text: to

text: surrender

text: entirely

text: at

text: the

text: Convention

text: of

text: Klosterzeven

text: following

text: a

text: French

text: Invasion

text: of

text: Hanover

text: The

text: Convention

text: removed

text: Hanover

text: and

text: Brunswick

text: from

text: the

text: war

text: leaving

text: the

text: Western

text: approach

text: to

text: Prussian

text: territory

text: extremely

text: vulnerable

text: Frederick

text: sent

text: urgent

text: requests

text: to

text: Britain

text: for

text: more

text: substantial

text: assistance

text: as

text: he

text: was

text: now

text: without

text: any

text: outside

text: military

text: support

text: for

text: his

text: forces

text: in

text: Germany

question: What Hanoverian leader lost the Battle of Hastenbeck?

answer: Cumberland

text: Cumberland

question: What country won the battle at Hanover?

answer: French

text: French

question: How would one describe the future participation of Hanover?

answer: Convention removed Hanover and Brunswick from the war

text: Convention removed Hanover and Brunswick from the war

question: How did Frederick respond to the defeat at Hanover?

answer: Frederick sent urgent requests to Britain for more substantial assistance

text: Frederick sent urgent requests to Britain for more substantial assistance


text: The Palácio da Alvorada is the official residence of the President of Brazil. The palace was designed, along with the rest of the city of Brasília, by Oscar Niemeyer and inaugurated in 1958. One of the first structures built in the republic's new capital city, the "Alvorada" lies on a peninsula at the margins of Lake Paranoá. The principles of simplicity and modernity, that in the past characterized the great works of architecture, motivated Niemeyer. The viewer has an impression of looking at a glass box, softly landed on the ground with the support of thin external columns. The building has an area of 7,000 m2 with three floors consisting of the basement, landing, and second floor. The auditorium, kitchen, laundry, medical center, and administration offices are at basement level. The rooms used by the presidency for official receptions are on the landing. The second floor has four suites, two apartments, and various private rooms which make up the residential part of the palace. The building also has a library, a heated Olympic-sized swimming pool, a music room, two dining rooms and various meeting rooms. A chapel and heliport are in adjacent buildings.

title: Bras%C3%ADlia

title: Bras%C3%ADlia

text: The

text: Palácio

text: da

text: Alvorada

text: is

text: the

text: official

text: residence

text: of

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: Brazil

text: The

text: palace

text: was

text: designed

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Brasília

text: by

text: Oscar

text: Niemeyer

text: and

text: inaugurated

text: in

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: structures

text: built

text: in

text: the

text: republic

text: 's

text: new

text: capital

text: city

text: the

text: Alvorada

text: lies

text: on

text: a

text: peninsula

text: at

text: the

text: margins

text: of

text: Lake

text: Paranoá

text: The

text: principles

text: of

text: simplicity

text: and

text: modernity

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: characterized

text: the

text: great

text: works

text: of

text: architecture

text: motivated

text: Niemeyer

text: The

text: viewer

text: has

text: an

text: impression

text: of

text: looking

text: at

text: a

text: glass

text: box

text: softly

text: landed

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: with

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: thin

text: external

text: columns

text: The

text: building

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: with

text: three

text: floors

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: basement

text: landing

text: and

text: second

text: floor

text: The

text: auditorium

text: kitchen

text: laundry

text: medical

text: center

text: and

text: administration

text: offices

text: are

text: at

text: basement

text: level

text: The

text: rooms

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: presidency

text: for

text: official

text: receptions

text: are

text: on

text: the

text: landing

text: The

text: second

text: floor

text: has

text: four

text: suites

text: two

text: apartments

text: and

text: various

text: private

text: rooms

text: which

text: make

text: up

text: the

text: residential

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: palace

text: The

text: building

text: also

text: has

text: a

text: library

text: a

text: heated

text: Olympic

text: sized

text: swimming

text: pool

text: a

text: music

text: room

text: two

text: dining

text: rooms

text: and

text: various

text: meeting

text: rooms

text: A

text: chapel

text: and

text: heliport

text: are

text: in

text: adjacent

text: buildings

question: Where does Brazil's president live?

answer: Palácio da Alvorada

text: Palácio da Alvorada

question: What principles of architecture was the Alvorada designed with?

answer: simplicity and modernity

text: simplicity and modernity

question: How large is the Alvorada?

answer: 7,000 m2

text: 7,000 m2

question: How many floors does the Alvorada have?

answer: three

text: three

question: When did Brasilia's presidential residence open?

answer: 1958


text: The cohabitation of dogs and humans would have greatly improved the chances of survival for early human groups, and the domestication of dogs may have been one of the key forces that led to human success.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: The

text: cohabitation

text: of

text: dogs

text: and

text: humans

text: would

text: have

text: greatly

text: improved

text: the

text: chances

text: of

text: survival

text: for

text: early

text: human

text: groups

text: and

text: the

text: domestication

text: of

text: dogs

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: key

text: forces

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: human

text: success

question: What has likely led to human success?

answer: the domestication of dogs

text: the domestication of dogs


text: For horizontal propagation between transmitting and receiving antennas situated near the ground reasonably far from each other, the distances traveled by tne direct and reflected rays are nearly the same. There is almost no relative phase shift. If the emission is polarized vertically, the two fields (direct and reflected) add and there is maximum of received signal. If the signal is polarized horizontally, the two signals subtract and the received signal is largely cancelled. The vertical plane radiation patterns are shown in the image at right. With vertical polarization there is always a maximum for θ=0, horizontal propagation (left pattern). For horizontal polarization, there is cancellation at that angle. Note that the above formulae and these plots assume the ground as a perfect conductor. These plots of the radiation pattern correspond to a distance between the antenna and its image of 2.5λ. As the antenna height is increased, the number of lobes increases as well.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: For

text: horizontal

text: propagation

text: between

text: transmitting

text: and

text: receiving

text: antennas

text: situated

text: near

text: the

text: ground

text: reasonably

text: far

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: the

text: distances

text: traveled

text: by

text: tne

text: direct

text: and

text: reflected

text: rays

text: are

text: nearly

text: the

text: same

text: There

text: is

text: almost

text: no

text: relative

text: phase

text: shift

text: If

text: the

text: emission

text: is

text: polarized

text: vertically

text: the

text: two

text: fields

text: direct

text: and

text: reflected

text: add

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: maximum

text: of

text: received

text: signal

text: If

text: the

text: signal

text: is

text: polarized

text: horizontally

text: the

text: two

text: signals

text: subtract

text: and

text: the

text: received

text: signal

text: is

text: largely

text: cancelled

text: The

text: vertical

text: plane

text: radiation

text: patterns

text: are

text: shown

text: in

text: the

text: image

text: at

text: right

text: With

text: vertical

text: polarization

text: there

text: is

text: always

text: a

text: maximum

text: for

text: horizontal

text: propagation

text: left

text: pattern

text: For

text: horizontal

text: polarization

text: there

text: is

text: cancellation

text: at

text: that

text: angle

text: Note

text: that

text: the

text: above

text: formulae

text: and

text: these

text: plots

text: assume

text: the

text: ground

text: as

text: a

text: perfect

text: conductor

text: These

text: plots

text: of

text: the

text: radiation

text: pattern

text: correspond

text: to

text: a

text: distance

text: between

text: the

text: antenna

text: and

text: its

text: image

text: of

text: As

text: the

text: antenna

text: height

text: is

text: increased

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: lobes

text: increases

text: as

text: well

question: What is between recieving and transmitting antenna's?

answer: horizontal propagation

text: horizontal propagation

question: When is the emission at maximized recieved signal?

answer: polarized vertically

text: polarized vertically

question: Where is the radiation patterns in the vertical plane shown?

answer: image at right

text: image at right

question: What is also increased along with the antenna's height?

answer: lobes

text: lobes