text: Josef Kolmaš, a sinologist, Tibetologist, and Professor of Oriental Studies at the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, writes that it was during the Qing dynasty "that developments took place on the basis of which Tibet came to be considered an organic part of China, both practically and theoretically subject to the Chinese central government." Yet he states that this was a radical change in regards to all previous eras of Sino-Tibetan relations.

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: Josef

text: Kolmaš

text: a

text: sinologist

text: Tibetologist

text: and

text: Professor

text: of

text: Oriental

text: Studies

text: at

text: the

text: Academy

text: of

text: Sciences

text: of

text: the

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: writes

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: during

text: the

text: Qing

text: dynasty

text: that

text: developments

text: took

text: place

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: which

text: Tibet

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: considered

text: an

text: organic

text: part

text: of

text: China

text: both

text: practically

text: and

text: theoretically

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: Chinese

text: central

text: government

text: Yet

text: he

text: states

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: a

text: radical

text: change

text: in

text: regards

text: to

text: all

text: previous

text: eras

text: of

text: Sino

text: Tibetan

text: relations

question: During Which dynasty does Josef Kolmaš claim Tibet was considered an organic part of China?

answer: the Qing dynasty

text: the Qing dynasty

question: Josef Kolmaš  states that Tibet became subject to what government?

answer: the Chinese central government

text: the Chinese central government


text: 20th century developments in plant biochemistry have been driven by modern techniques of organic chemical analysis, such as spectroscopy, chromatography and electrophoresis. With the rise of the related molecular-scale biological approaches of molecular biology, genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, the relationship between the plant genome and most aspects of the biochemistry, physiology, morphology and behaviour of plants can be subjected to detailed experimental analysis. The concept originally stated by Gottlieb Haberlandt in 1902 that all plant cells are totipotent and can be grown in vitro ultimately enabled the use of genetic engineering experimentally to knock out a gene or genes responsible for a specific trait, or to add genes such as GFP that report when a gene of interest is being expressed. These technologies enable the biotechnological use of whole plants or plant cell cultures grown in bioreactors to synthesise pesticides, antibiotics or other pharmaceuticals, as well as the practical application of genetically modified crops designed for traits such as improved yield.

title: Botany

title: Botany

text: century

text: developments

text: in

text: plant

text: biochemistry

text: have

text: been

text: driven

text: by

text: modern

text: techniques

text: of

text: organic

text: chemical

text: analysis

text: such

text: as

text: spectroscopy

text: chromatography

text: and

text: electrophoresis

text: With

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: related

text: molecular

text: scale

text: biological

text: approaches

text: of

text: molecular

text: biology

text: genomics

text: proteomics

text: and

text: metabolomics

text: the

text: relationship

text: between

text: the

text: plant

text: genome

text: and

text: most

text: aspects

text: of

text: the

text: biochemistry

text: physiology

text: morphology

text: and

text: behaviour

text: of

text: plants

text: can

text: be

text: subjected

text: to

text: detailed

text: experimental

text: analysis

text: The

text: concept

text: originally

text: stated

text: by

text: Gottlieb

text: Haberlandt

text: in

text: that

text: all

text: plant

text: cells

text: are

text: totipotent

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: grown

text: in

text: vitro

text: ultimately

text: enabled

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: genetic

text: engineering

text: experimentally

text: to

text: knock

text: out

text: a

text: gene

text: or

text: genes

text: responsible

text: for

text: a

text: specific

text: trait

text: or

text: to

text: add

text: genes

text: such

text: as

text: GFP

text: that

text: report

text: when

text: a

text: gene

text: of

text: interest

text: is

text: being

text: expressed

text: These

text: technologies

text: enable

text: the

text: biotechnological

text: use

text: of

text: whole

text: plants

text: or

text: plant

text: cell

text: cultures

text: grown

text: in

text: bioreactors

text: to

text: synthesise

text: pesticides

text: antibiotics

text: or

text: other

text: pharmaceuticals

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: practical

text: application

text: of

text: genetically

text: modified

text: crops

text: designed

text: for

text: traits

text: such

text: as

text: improved

text: yield

question: What enables scientists to better study plants now?

answer: modern techniques of organic chemical analysis

text: modern techniques of organic chemical analysis

question: What opened the door to plant genetic engineering?

answer: all plant cells are totipotent

text: all plant cells are totipotent

question: Who introduced the idea that cells could be grown in vitro?

answer: Gottlieb Haberlandt

text: Gottlieb Haberlandt


text: The most significant event between the 7th and 11th century was the Tripartite struggle centered on Kannauj that lasted for more than two centuries between the Pala Empire, Rashtrakuta Empire, and Gurjara Pratihara Empire. Southern India was ruled by the Chalukya, Chola, Pallava, Chera, Pandyan, and Western Chalukya Empires. The seventh century also saw the advent of Islam as a political power, though as a fringe, in the western part of the subcontinent, in modern-day Pakistan. The Chola dynasty conquered southern India and successfully invaded parts of Southeast Asia, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Bengal in the 11th century. The early medieval period Indian mathematics influenced the development of mathematics and astronomy in the Arab world and the Hindu numerals were introduced.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: The

text: most

text: significant

text: event

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: century

text: was

text: the

text: Tripartite

text: struggle

text: centered

text: on

text: Kannauj

text: that

text: lasted

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: two

text: centuries

text: between

text: the

text: Pala

text: Empire

text: Rashtrakuta

text: Empire

text: and

text: Gurjara

text: Pratihara

text: Empire

text: Southern

text: India

text: was

text: ruled

text: by

text: the

text: Chalukya

text: Chola

text: Pallava

text: Chera

text: Pandyan

text: and

text: Western

text: Chalukya

text: Empires

text: The

text: seventh

text: century

text: also

text: saw

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: Islam

text: as

text: a

text: political

text: power

text: though

text: as

text: a

text: fringe

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: subcontinent

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: Pakistan

text: The

text: Chola

text: dynasty

text: conquered

text: southern

text: India

text: and

text: successfully

text: invaded

text: parts

text: of

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: Maldives

text: and

text: Bengal

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: early

text: medieval

text: period

text: Indian

text: mathematics

text: influenced

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: mathematics

text: and

text: astronomy

text: in

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: Hindu

text: numerals

text: were

text: introduced

question: Between what centuries was the Tripartite struggle focused on Kannauj?

answer: 7th and 11th

text: 7th and 11th

question: How long did the Tripartite struggle last?

answer: two centuries

text: two centuries

question: When did Islam begin to become a political power in India?

answer: seventh century

text: seventh century

question: What dynasty conquered southern India and parts of southeast Asia?

answer: Chola dynasty

text: Chola dynasty

question: What facet of Indian mathematics was introduced into the Arab areas in the early Medieval period?

answer: Hindu numerals

text: Hindu numerals


text: In 1957, she made a state visit to the United States, where she addressed the United Nations General Assembly on behalf of the Commonwealth. On the same tour, she opened the 23rd Canadian Parliament, becoming the first monarch of Canada to open a parliamentary session. Two years later, solely in her capacity as Queen of Canada, she revisited the United States and toured Canada. In 1961, she toured Cyprus, India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Iran. On a visit to Ghana the same year, she dismissed fears for her safety, even though her host, President Kwame Nkrumah, who had replaced her as head of state, was a target for assassins. Harold Macmillan wrote, "The Queen has been absolutely determined all through ... She is impatient of the attitude towards her to treat her as ... a film star ... She has indeed 'the heart and stomach of a man' ... She loves her duty and means to be a Queen." Before her tour through parts of Quebec in 1964, the press reported that extremists within the Quebec separatist movement were plotting Elizabeth's assassination. No attempt was made, but a riot did break out while she was in Montreal; the Queen's "calmness and courage in the face of the violence" was noted.

title: Elizabeth_II

title: Elizabeth_II

text: In

text: she

text: made

text: a

text: state

text: visit

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: where

text: she

text: addressed

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: General

text: Assembly

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: On

text: the

text: same

text: tour

text: she

text: opened

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Parliament

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: monarch

text: of

text: Canada

text: to

text: open

text: a

text: parliamentary

text: session

text: Two

text: years

text: later

text: solely

text: in

text: her

text: capacity

text: as

text: Queen

text: of

text: Canada

text: she

text: revisited

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: toured

text: Canada

text: In

text: she

text: toured

text: Cyprus

text: India

text: Pakistan

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Iran

text: On

text: a

text: visit

text: to

text: Ghana

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: she

text: dismissed

text: fears

text: for

text: her

text: safety

text: even

text: though

text: her

text: host

text: President

text: Kwame

text: Nkrumah

text: who

text: had

text: replaced

text: her

text: as

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: was

text: a

text: target

text: for

text: assassins

text: Harold

text: Macmillan

text: wrote

text: The

text: Queen

text: has

text: been

text: absolutely

text: determined

text: all

text: through

text: She

text: is

text: impatient

text: of

text: the

text: attitude

text: towards

text: her

text: to

text: treat

text: her

text: as

text: a

text: film

text: star

text: She

text: has

text: indeed

text: the

text: heart

text: and

text: stomach

text: of

text: a

text: man

text: She

text: loves

text: her

text: duty

text: and

text: means

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: Queen

text: Before

text: her

text: tour

text: through

text: parts

text: of

text: Quebec

text: in

text: the

text: press

text: reported

text: that

text: extremists

text: within

text: the

text: Quebec

text: separatist

text: movement

text: were

text: plotting

text: Elizabeth

text: 's

text: assassination

text: No

text: attempt

text: was

text: made

text: but

text: a

text: riot

text: did

text: break

text: out

text: while

text: she

text: was

text: in

text: Montreal

text: the

text: Queen

text: 's

text: calmness

text: and

text: courage

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: the

text: violence

text: was

text: noted

question: When did Elizabeth address the UN General Assembly?

answer: 1957

question: What parliamentary session did Elizabeth open in 1957 while on tour?

answer: 23rd Canadian Parliament

text: 23rd Canadian Parliament

question: On a tour to Ghana in 1961 what did Elizabeth dismiss as a fear?

answer: her safety

text: her safety

question: In 1964 what was reported that Quebec extremists planned ?

answer: Elizabeth's assassination

text: Elizabeth's assassination


text: While there is no convincing evidence for meditation in pre-Buddhist early Brahminic texts, Wynne argues that formless meditation originated in the Brahminic or Shramanic tradition, based on strong parallels between Upanishadic cosmological statements and the meditative goals of the two teachers of the Buddha as recorded in the early Buddhist texts. He mentions less likely possibilities as well. Having argued that the cosmological statements in the Upanishads also reflect a contemplative tradition, he argues that the Nasadiya Sukta contains evidence for a contemplative tradition, even as early as the late Rig Vedic period.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: While

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: convincing

text: evidence

text: for

text: meditation

text: in

text: pre

text: Buddhist

text: early

text: Brahminic

text: texts

text: Wynne

text: argues

text: that

text: formless

text: meditation

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: Brahminic

text: or

text: Shramanic

text: tradition

text: based

text: on

text: strong

text: parallels

text: between

text: Upanishadic

text: cosmological

text: statements

text: and

text: the

text: meditative

text: goals

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: teachers

text: of

text: the

text: Buddha

text: as

text: recorded

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: Buddhist

text: texts

text: He

text: mentions

text: less

text: likely

text: possibilities

text: as

text: well

text: Having

text: argued

text: that

text: the

text: cosmological

text: statements

text: in

text: the

text: Upanishads

text: also

text: reflect

text: a

text: contemplative

text: tradition

text: he

text: argues

text: that

text: the

text: Nasadiya

text: Sukta

text: contains

text: evidence

text: for

text: a

text: contemplative

text: tradition

text: even

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: the

text: late

text: Rig

text: Vedic

text: period

question: In pre-buddhist early Brahminic texts there is no evidence for what?

answer: meditation

text: meditation

question: The upanishads statements reflect what type of tradition?

answer: contemplative

text: contemplative

question: What contains evidence for a contemplative tradition?

answer: Nasadiya Sukta

text: Nasadiya Sukta


text: Imperial acquired Silwood Park in 1947, to provide a site for research and teaching in those aspects of biology not well suited for the main London campus. Felix, Imperial's student newspaper, was launched on 9 December 1949. On 29 January 1950, the government announced that it was intended that Imperial should expand to meet the scientific and technological challenges of the 20th century and a major expansion of the College followed over the next decade. In 1959 the Wolfson Foundation donated £350,000 for the establishment of a new Biochemistry Department.[citation needed] A special relationship between Imperial and the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi was established in 1963.[citation needed]

title: Imperial_College_London

title: Imperial_College_London

text: Imperial

text: acquired

text: Silwood

text: Park

text: in

text: to

text: provide

text: a

text: site

text: for

text: research

text: and

text: teaching

text: in

text: those

text: aspects

text: of

text: biology

text: not

text: well

text: suited

text: for

text: the

text: main

text: London

text: campus

text: Felix

text: Imperial

text: 's

text: student

text: newspaper

text: was

text: launched

text: on

text: December

text: On

text: January

text: the

text: government

text: announced

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: intended

text: that

text: Imperial

text: should

text: expand

text: to

text: meet

text: the

text: scientific

text: and

text: technological

text: challenges

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: a

text: major

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: followed

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: decade

text: In

text: the

text: Wolfson

text: Foundation

text: donated

text: for

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: Biochemistry

text: Department.[citation

text: needed

text: A

text: special

text: relationship

text: between

text: Imperial

text: and

text: the

text: Indian

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: Delhi

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: needed

question: What site did Imperial acquire in 1947?

answer: Silwood Park

text: Silwood Park

question: What was the name of Imperial's student newspaper?

answer: Felix

text: Felix

question: How much money was donated for a new Biochemistry Department?

answer: £350,000

question: Who donated the large sum of money to help aid the establishement of the Biochemistry Department?

answer: Wolfson Foundation

text: Wolfson Foundation

question: Imperial formed a relationship with which other entity in 1963?

answer: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

text: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi


text: The Portuguese language is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula around 2000 years ago—particularly the Celts, Tartessians, Lusitanians and Iberians. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the language spread worldwide as Portugal established a colonial and commercial empire between 1415 and 1999. Portuguese is now spoken as a native language in five different continents, with Brazil accounting for the largest number of native Portuguese speakers of any country (200 million speakers in 2012).

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: The

text: Portuguese

text: language

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: spoken

text: by

text: the

text: romanized

text: Pre

text: Roman

text: peoples

text: of

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: around

text: years

text: ago

text: particularly

text: the

text: Celts

text: Tartessians

text: Lusitanians

text: and

text: Iberians

text: In

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: the

text: language

text: spread

text: worldwide

text: as

text: Portugal

text: established

text: a

text: colonial

text: and

text: commercial

text: empire

text: between

text: and

text: Portuguese

text: is

text: now

text: spoken

text: as

text: a

text: native

text: language

text: in

text: five

text: different

text: continents

text: with

text: Brazil

text: accounting

text: for

text: the

text: largest

text: number

text: of

text: native

text: Portuguese

text: speakers

text: of

text: any

text: country

text: million

text: speakers

text: in

question: From what language is Portuguese derived?

answer: Latin

text: Latin

question: By what group of people is Portuguese derived?

answer: Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula

text: Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula

question: Between what years did Portugal establish a colonial and commercial empire?

answer: 1415 and 1999

text: 1415 and 1999

question: In how many continents is Portuguese spoken as a native language?

answer: five

text: five

question: What country has the largest number of native Portuguese speakers?

answer: Brazil

text: Brazil


text: As in many other countries, child labour in Switzerland affected among the so-called Kaminfegerkinder ("chimney sweep children") and chidren working p.e. in spinning mills, factories and in agriculture in 19th-century Switzerland, but also to the 1960s so-called Verdingkinder (literally: "contract children" or "indentured child laborers") were children who were taken from their parents, often due to poverty or moral reasons – usually mothers being unmarried, very poor citizens, of Gypsy–Yeniche origin, so-called Kinder der Landstrasse, etc. – and sent to live with new families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour.

title: Child_labour

title: Child_labour

text: As

text: in

text: many

text: other

text: countries

text: child

text: labour

text: in

text: Switzerland

text: affected

text: among

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Kaminfegerkinder

text: chimney

text: sweep

text: children

text: and

text: chidren

text: working

text: p.e

text: in

text: spinning

text: mills

text: factories

text: and

text: in

text: agriculture

text: in

text: century

text: Switzerland

text: but

text: also

text: to

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Verdingkinder

text: literally

text: contract

text: children

text: or

text: indentured

text: child

text: laborers

text: were

text: children

text: who

text: were

text: taken

text: from

text: their

text: parents

text: often

text: due

text: to

text: poverty

text: or

text: moral

text: reasons

text: usually

text: mothers

text: being

text: unmarried

text: very

text: poor

text: citizens

text: of

text: Gypsy

text: Yeniche

text: origin

text: so

text: called

text: Kinder

text: der

text: Landstrasse

text: etc

text: and

text: sent

text: to

text: live

text: with

text: new

text: families

text: often

text: poor

text: farmers

text: who

text: needed

text: cheap

text: labour

question: What is Kaminfegerkinder?

answer: chimney sweep children

text: chimney sweep children

question: What types of child labour did Switzerland employ?

answer: spinning mills, factories and in agriculture

text: spinning mills, factories and in agriculture

question: Where did the children go to work primarily in Switzerland?

answer: poor farmers who needed cheap labour

text: poor farmers who needed cheap labour


text: The Democratic Party holds the majority of public offices. As of November 2008, 67% of registered voters in the city are Democrats. New York City has not been carried by a Republican in a statewide or presidential election since President Calvin Coolidge won the five boroughs in 1924. In 2012, Democrat Barack Obama became the first presidential candidate of any party to receive more than 80% of the overall vote in New York City, sweeping all five boroughs. Party platforms center on affordable housing, education, and economic development, and labor politics are of importance in the city.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: The

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: holds

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: public

text: offices

text: As

text: of

text: November

text: of

text: registered

text: voters

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: are

text: Democrats

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: carried

text: by

text: a

text: Republican

text: in

text: a

text: statewide

text: or

text: presidential

text: election

text: since

text: President

text: Calvin

text: Coolidge

text: won

text: the

text: five

text: boroughs

text: in

text: In

text: Democrat

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: presidential

text: candidate

text: of

text: any

text: party

text: to

text: receive

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: the

text: overall

text: vote

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: sweeping

text: all

text: five

text: boroughs

text: Party

text: platforms

text: center

text: on

text: affordable

text: housing

text: education

text: and

text: economic

text: development

text: and

text: labor

text: politics

text: are

text: of

text: importance

text: in

text: the

text: city

question: Which political party holds the majority of most office terms in NYC?

answer: Democrats

text: Democrats

question: In 2008, what percentage of voters were democrats?

answer: 67

question: Which US president became the first to receive over 80 percent of NYC votes?

answer: Barack Obama

text: Barack Obama

question: What was the last year that a republican candidate won all four boroughs of NYC?

answer: 1924

question: Which president won all of NYC in 1924?

answer: Calvin Coolidge

text: Calvin Coolidge

question: What party are most public officials of New York members of?

answer: Democratic Party

text: Democratic Party

question: In November 2008, how many New Yorkers were registered as Democrats?

answer: 67%

question: In what year was the last presidential election when a Republican won New York City?

answer: 1924

question: How many boroughs did Barack Obama win in the 2012 presidential election?

answer: five

text: five

question: What political party was Calvin Coolidge a member of?

answer: Republican

text: Republican


text: Some software assigned special meanings to ASCII characters sent to the software from the terminal. Operating systems from Digital Equipment Corporation, for example, interpreted DEL as an input character as meaning "remove previously-typed input character", and this interpretation also became common in Unix systems. Most other systems used BS for that meaning and used DEL to mean "remove the character at the cursor".[citation needed] That latter interpretation is the most common now.[citation needed]

title: ASCII

title: ASCII

text: Some

text: software

text: assigned

text: special

text: meanings

text: to

text: ASCII

text: characters

text: sent

text: to

text: the

text: software

text: from

text: the

text: terminal

text: Operating

text: systems

text: from

text: Digital

text: Equipment

text: Corporation

text: for

text: example

text: interpreted

text: DEL

text: as

text: an

text: input

text: character

text: as

text: meaning

text: remove

text: previously

text: typed

text: input

text: character

text: and

text: this

text: interpretation

text: also

text: became

text: common

text: in

text: Unix

text: systems

text: Most

text: other

text: systems

text: used

text: BS

text: for

text: that

text: meaning

text: and

text: used

text: DEL

text: to

text: mean

text: remove

text: the

text: character

text: at

text: the

text: cursor".[citation

text: needed

text: That

text: latter

text: interpretation

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: now.[citation

text: needed

question: What did some software do to the ASCII characters?

answer: assigned special meanings

text: assigned special meanings

question: What interpretation became common in Unix systmes?

answer: interpreted DEL as an input character as meaning "remove previously-typed input character"

text: interpreted DEL as an input character as meaning "remove previously-typed input character"

question: What do most other systmes use the DEL to mean?

answer: remove the character at the cursor

text: remove the character at the cursor

question: What did other systmes us for "remove previously-typed input character"?

answer: BS

text: BS


text: The boroughs of Liverpool, Knowsley, St Helens and Sefton were included in Merseyside. In Greater Manchester the successor boroughs were Bury, Bolton, Manchester, Oldham (part), Rochdale, Salford, Tameside (part), Trafford (part) and Wigan. Warrington and Widnes, south of the new Merseyside/Greater Manchester border were added to the new non-metropolitan county of Cheshire. The urban districts of Barnoldswick and Earby, Bowland Rural District and the parishes of Bracewell and Brogden and Salterforth from Skipton Rural District in the West Riding of Yorkshire became part of the new Lancashire. One parish, Simonswood, was transferred from the borough of Knowsley in Merseyside to the district of West Lancashire in 1994. In 1998 Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen became independent unitary authorities.

title: Lancashire

title: Lancashire

text: The

text: boroughs

text: of

text: Liverpool

text: Knowsley

text: St

text: Helens

text: and

text: Sefton

text: were

text: included

text: in

text: Merseyside

text: In

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: the

text: successor

text: boroughs

text: were

text: Bury

text: Bolton

text: Manchester

text: Oldham

text: part

text: Rochdale

text: Salford

text: Tameside

text: part

text: Trafford

text: part

text: and

text: Wigan

text: Warrington

text: and

text: Widnes

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: Merseyside

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: border

text: were

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: non

text: metropolitan

text: county

text: of

text: Cheshire

text: The

text: urban

text: districts

text: of

text: Barnoldswick

text: and

text: Earby

text: Bowland

text: Rural

text: District

text: and

text: the

text: parishes

text: of

text: Bracewell

text: and

text: Brogden

text: and

text: Salterforth

text: from

text: Skipton

text: Rural

text: District

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: Riding

text: of

text: Yorkshire

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: Lancashire

text: One

text: parish

text: Simonswood

text: was

text: transferred

text: from

text: the

text: borough

text: of

text: Knowsley

text: in

text: Merseyside

text: to

text: the

text: district

text: of

text: West

text: Lancashire

text: in

text: In

text: Blackpool

text: and

text: Blackburn

text: with

text: Darwen

text: became

text: independent

text: unitary

text: authorities

question: In what year did Blackpool and Blackburn become independent unitary authorities?

answer: 1998

question: In what year was Simonswood transferred from Knowsley to West Lancashire

answer: 1994

question: Which places were added to the new county of Cheshire?

answer: Warrington and Widnes

text: Warrington and Widnes

question: Where were the boroughs of Liverpool, Knowsley, St Helens and Sefton included?

answer: Merseyside

text: Merseyside

question: Which parish was transferred from Knowsley to the district of West Lancashire?

answer: Simonswood

text: Simonswood


text: On 21 May, Amer asked Nasser to order the Straits of Tiran blockaded, a move Nasser believed Israel would use as a casus belli. Amer reassured him that the army was prepared for confrontation, but Nasser doubted Amer's assessment of the military's readiness. According to Nasser's vice president Zakaria Mohieddin, although "Amer had absolute authority over the armed forces, Nasser had his ways of knowing what was really going on". Moreover, Amer anticipated an impending Israeli attack and advocated a preemptive strike. Nasser refused the call upon determination that the air force lacked pilots and Amer's handpicked officers were incompetent. Still, Nasser concluded that if Israel attacked, Egypt's quantitative advantage in manpower and arms could stave off Israeli forces for at least two weeks, allowing for diplomacy towards a ceasefire. Towards the end of May, Nasser increasingly exchanged his positions of deterrence for deference to the inevitability of war, under increased pressure to act by both the general Arab populace and various Arab governments. On 26 May Nasser declared, "our basic objective will be to destroy Israel". On 30 May, King Hussein committed Jordan in an alliance with Egypt and Syria.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: On

text: May

text: Amer

text: asked

text: Nasser

text: to

text: order

text: the

text: Straits

text: of

text: Tiran

text: blockaded

text: a

text: move

text: Nasser

text: believed

text: Israel

text: would

text: use

text: as

text: a

text: casus

text: belli

text: Amer

text: reassured

text: him

text: that

text: the

text: army

text: was

text: prepared

text: for

text: confrontation

text: but

text: Nasser

text: doubted

text: Amer

text: 's

text: assessment

text: of

text: the

text: military

text: 's

text: readiness

text: According

text: to

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: vice

text: president

text: Zakaria

text: Mohieddin

text: although

text: Amer

text: had

text: absolute

text: authority

text: over

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: Nasser

text: had

text: his

text: ways

text: of

text: knowing

text: what

text: was

text: really

text: going

text: on

text: Moreover

text: Amer

text: anticipated

text: an

text: impending

text: Israeli

text: attack

text: and

text: advocated

text: a

text: preemptive

text: strike

text: Nasser

text: refused

text: the

text: call

text: upon

text: determination

text: that

text: the

text: air

text: force

text: lacked

text: pilots

text: and

text: Amer

text: 's

text: handpicked

text: officers

text: were

text: incompetent

text: Still

text: Nasser

text: concluded

text: that

text: if

text: Israel

text: attacked

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: quantitative

text: advantage

text: in

text: manpower

text: and

text: arms

text: could

text: stave

text: off

text: Israeli

text: forces

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: weeks

text: allowing

text: for

text: diplomacy

text: towards

text: a

text: ceasefire

text: Towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: May

text: Nasser

text: increasingly

text: exchanged

text: his

text: positions

text: of

text: deterrence

text: for

text: deference

text: to

text: the

text: inevitability

text: of

text: war

text: under

text: increased

text: pressure

text: to

text: act

text: by

text: both

text: the

text: general

text: Arab

text: populace

text: and

text: various

text: Arab

text: governments

text: On

text: May

text: Nasser

text: declared

text: our

text: basic

text: objective

text: will

text: be

text: to

text: destroy

text: Israel

text: On

text: May

text: King

text: Hussein

text: committed

text: Jordan

text: in

text: an

text: alliance

text: with

text: Egypt

text: and

text: Syria

question: What thoroughfare did Amir want Nasser to block?

answer: Straits of Tiran

text: Straits of Tiran

question: Who was Nassir's vice president?

answer: Zakaria Mohieddin

text: Zakaria Mohieddin

question: How would Nassir deal with an Israeli invasion, if it happened?

answer: diplomacy towards a ceasefire

text: diplomacy towards a ceasefire

question: What country joined Egypt and Syria against Israel?

answer: Jordan

text: Jordan


text: The axiom of foundation established that every set can be constructed from the bottom up in an ordered succession of steps by way of the principles of Zermelo and Fraenkel, in such a manner that if one set belongs to another then the first must necessarily come before the second in the succession, hence excluding the possibility of a set belonging to itself. To demonstrate that the addition of this new axiom to the others did not produce contradictions, von Neumann introduced a method of demonstration, called the method of inner models, which later became an essential instrument in set theory.

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: The

text: axiom

text: of

text: foundation

text: established

text: that

text: every

text: set

text: can

text: be

text: constructed

text: from

text: the

text: bottom

text: up

text: in

text: an

text: ordered

text: succession

text: of

text: steps

text: by

text: way

text: of

text: the

text: principles

text: of

text: Zermelo

text: and

text: Fraenkel

text: in

text: such

text: a

text: manner

text: that

text: if

text: one

text: set

text: belongs

text: to

text: another

text: then

text: the

text: first

text: must

text: necessarily

text: come

text: before

text: the

text: second

text: in

text: the

text: succession

text: hence

text: excluding

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: a

text: set

text: belonging

text: to

text: itself

text: To

text: demonstrate

text: that

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: this

text: new

text: axiom

text: to

text: the

text: others

text: did

text: not

text: produce

text: contradictions

text: von

text: Neumann

text: introduced

text: a

text: method

text: of

text: demonstration

text: called

text: the

text: method

text: of

text: inner

text: models

text: which

text: later

text: became

text: an

text: essential

text: instrument

text: in

text: set

text: theory

question: What is the method to demonstrate that no contradictions were created by the addition of axiom of foundation?

answer: method of inner models

text: method of inner models

question: Zermelo and Fraenkel's axiom of foundation established that every set be constructed how?

answer: from the bottom up in an ordered succession of steps

text: from the bottom up in an ordered succession of steps

question: What excluded a set from belonging to itself in set theory?

answer: if one set belongs to another then the first must necessarily come before the second in the succession

text: if one set belongs to another then the first must necessarily come before the second in the succession


text: Internationally, Victoria took a keen interest in the improvement of relations between France and Britain. She made and hosted several visits between the British royal family and the House of Orleans, who were related by marriage through the Coburgs. In 1843 and 1845, she and Albert stayed with King Louis Philippe I at château d'Eu in Normandy; she was the first British or English monarch to visit a French one since the meeting of Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France on the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520. When Louis Philippe made a reciprocal trip in 1844, he became the first French king to visit a British sovereign. Louis Philippe was deposed in the revolutions of 1848, and fled to exile in England. At the height of a revolutionary scare in the United Kingdom in April 1848, Victoria and her family left London for the greater safety of Osborne House, a private estate on the Isle of Wight that they had purchased in 1845 and redeveloped. Demonstrations by Chartists and Irish nationalists failed to attract widespread support, and the scare died down without any major disturbances. Victoria's first visit to Ireland in 1849 was a public relations success, but it had no lasting impact or effect on the growth of Irish nationalism.

title: Queen_Victoria

title: Queen_Victoria

text: Internationally

text: Victoria

text: took

text: a

text: keen

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: improvement

text: of

text: relations

text: between

text: France

text: and

text: Britain

text: She

text: made

text: and

text: hosted

text: several

text: visits

text: between

text: the

text: British

text: royal

text: family

text: and

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Orleans

text: who

text: were

text: related

text: by

text: marriage

text: through

text: the

text: Coburgs

text: In

text: and

text: she

text: and

text: Albert

text: stayed

text: with

text: King

text: Louis

text: Philippe

text: I

text: at

text: château

text: d'Eu

text: in

text: Normandy

text: she

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: British

text: or

text: English

text: monarch

text: to

text: visit

text: a

text: French

text: one

text: since

text: the

text: meeting

text: of

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: Francis

text: I

text: of

text: France

text: on

text: the

text: Field

text: of

text: the

text: Cloth

text: of

text: Gold

text: in

text: When

text: Louis

text: Philippe

text: made

text: a

text: reciprocal

text: trip

text: in

text: he

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: French

text: king

text: to

text: visit

text: a

text: British

text: sovereign

text: Louis

text: Philippe

text: was

text: deposed

text: in

text: the

text: revolutions

text: of

text: and

text: fled

text: to

text: exile

text: in

text: England

text: At

text: the

text: height

text: of

text: a

text: revolutionary

text: scare

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: April

text: Victoria

text: and

text: her

text: family

text: left

text: London

text: for

text: the

text: greater

text: safety

text: of

text: Osborne

text: House

text: a

text: private

text: estate

text: on

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Wight

text: that

text: they

text: had

text: purchased

text: in

text: and

text: redeveloped

text: Demonstrations

text: by

text: Chartists

text: and

text: Irish

text: nationalists

text: failed

text: to

text: attract

text: widespread

text: support

text: and

text: the

text: scare

text: died

text: down

text: without

text: any

text: major

text: disturbances

text: Victoria

text: 's

text: first

text: visit

text: to

text: Ireland

text: in

text: was

text: a

text: public

text: relations

text: success

text: but

text: it

text: had

text: no

text: lasting

text: impact

text: or

text: effect

text: on

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: Irish

text: nationalism

question: Which two countries was Victoria trying to improve relations between?

answer: France and Britain

text: France and Britain

question: How was the House of Orleans and the British Royal family related?

answer: by marriage through the Coburgs

text: by marriage through the Coburgs

question: Who did Victoria stay with in Normandy?

answer: King Louis Philippe I

text: King Louis Philippe I

question: What year did Victoria first visit Ireland?

answer: 1849

question: What year did Louis Philippe visit England?

answer: 1844

question: What two countries did Victoria take a large interest in improving relations between?

answer: France and Britain

text: France and Britain

question: What year was Victorias first visit to Ireland?

answer: 1849

question: Queen Victoria set up meetings between The Britian royal family and what house to help improve relations between Britain and France?

answer: House of Orleans

text: House of Orleans

question: What was the name of the King of Normandy that Victoria and Albert stayed with in 1843 and 1845?

answer: King Louis Philippe I

text: King Louis Philippe I

question: Who was the first French King to visit Queen Victoria?

answer: Louis Philippe

text: Louis Philippe

question: Who was the first French king to visit Queen Victoria?

answer: Louis Philippe

text: Louis Philippe

question: What happened to Louis Philippe after the revolution in France?

answer: fled to exile in England

text: fled to exile in England

question: Where did Victoria and her family retreat to safety during a conflict in 1848?

answer: Osborne House

text: Osborne House

question: What nation was visited for the first time by Victoria in 1849?

answer: Ireland

text: Ireland

question: What French family did Victoria try to foster relations with?

answer: House of Orleans

text: House of Orleans

question: What was one of Victoria's major concerns?

answer: improvement of relations between France and Britain

text: improvement of relations between France and Britain

question: When was Louis Phillipe deposed?

answer: 1848

question: Where did Victoria and her family go to for safety during the revolutionary scare of April 1848?

answer: Osborne House, a private estate on the Isle of Wight

text: Osborne House, a private estate on the Isle of Wight

question: When was Osborne house purchased?

answer: 1845

question: Which groups were demonstrating and trying to bring about a revolution before, ultimately, failing?

answer: Chartists and Irish nationalists

text: Chartists and Irish nationalists


text: The court ruled in 2014, after lengthy testimony, that at least two districts had to be redrawn because of gerrymandering. After this was appealed, in July 2015 the Florida Supreme Court ruled that lawmakers had followed an illegal and unconstitutional process overly influenced by party operatives, and ruled that at least eight districts had to be redrawn. On December 2, 2015, a 5-2 majority of the Court accepted a new map of congressional districts, some of which was drawn by challengers. Their ruling affirmed the map previously approved by Leon County Judge Terry Lewis, who had overseen the original trial. It particularly makes changes in South Florida. There are likely to be additional challenges to the map and districts.

title: Florida

title: Florida

text: The

text: court

text: ruled

text: in

text: after

text: lengthy

text: testimony

text: that

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: districts

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: redrawn

text: because

text: of

text: gerrymandering

text: After

text: this

text: was

text: appealed

text: in

text: July

text: the

text: Florida

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: ruled

text: that

text: lawmakers

text: had

text: followed

text: an

text: illegal

text: and

text: unconstitutional

text: process

text: overly

text: influenced

text: by

text: party

text: operatives

text: and

text: ruled

text: that

text: at

text: least

text: eight

text: districts

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: redrawn

text: On

text: December

text: a

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: Court

text: accepted

text: a

text: new

text: map

text: of

text: congressional

text: districts

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: drawn

text: by

text: challengers

text: Their

text: ruling

text: affirmed

text: the

text: map

text: previously

text: approved

text: by

text: Leon

text: County

text: Judge

text: Terry

text: Lewis

text: who

text: had

text: overseen

text: the

text: original

text: trial

text: It

text: particularly

text: makes

text: changes

text: in

text: South

text: Florida

text: There

text: are

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: additional

text: challenges

text: to

text: the

text: map

text: and

text: districts

question: Why did the 2 districts have to be redrawn in 2014

answer: that at least two districts had to be redrawn because of gerrymandering

text: that at least two districts had to be redrawn because of gerrymandering

question: How many were ruled to be redrawn in 2015

answer: lawmakers had followed an illegal and unconstitutional process overly influenced by party operatives, and ruled that at least eight districts had to be redrawn

text: lawmakers had followed an illegal and unconstitutional process overly influenced by party operatives, and ruled that at least eight districts had to be redrawn

question: What was the court vote on the new congressional map in 2015

answer: a 5-2 majority of the Court accepted a new map of congressional districts

text: a 5-2 majority of the Court accepted a new map of congressional districts

question: Are there any more changes coming to the map

answer: There are likely to be additional challenges to the map and districts.

text: There are likely to be additional challenges to the map and districts.


text: Due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, Seattle is in a major earthquake zone. On February 28, 2001, the magnitude 6.8 Nisqually earthquake did significant architectural damage, especially in the Pioneer Square area (built on reclaimed land, as are the Industrial District and part of the city center), but caused only one fatality. Other strong quakes occurred on January 26, 1700 (estimated at 9 magnitude), December 14, 1872 (7.3 or 7.4), April 13, 1949 (7.1), and April 29, 1965 (6.5). The 1965 quake caused three deaths in Seattle directly, and one more by heart failure. Although the Seattle Fault passes just south of the city center, neither it nor the Cascadia subduction zone has caused an earthquake since the city's founding. The Cascadia subduction zone poses the threat of an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or greater, capable of seriously damaging the city and collapsing many buildings, especially in zones built on fill.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: Due

text: to

text: its

text: location

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ring

text: of

text: Fire

text: Seattle

text: is

text: in

text: a

text: major

text: earthquake

text: zone

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: magnitude

text: Nisqually

text: earthquake

text: did

text: significant

text: architectural

text: damage

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: Pioneer

text: Square

text: area

text: built

text: on

text: reclaimed

text: land

text: as

text: are

text: the

text: Industrial

text: District

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: center

text: but

text: caused

text: only

text: one

text: fatality

text: Other

text: strong

text: quakes

text: occurred

text: on

text: January

text: estimated

text: at

text: magnitude

text: December

text: or

text: April

text: and

text: April

text: The

text: quake

text: caused

text: three

text: deaths

text: in

text: Seattle

text: directly

text: and

text: one

text: more

text: by

text: heart

text: failure

text: Although

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Fault

text: passes

text: just

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: center

text: neither

text: it

text: nor

text: the

text: Cascadia

text: subduction

text: zone

text: has

text: caused

text: an

text: earthquake

text: since

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: founding

text: The

text: Cascadia

text: subduction

text: zone

text: poses

text: the

text: threat

text: of

text: an

text: earthquake

text: of

text: magnitude

text: or

text: greater

text: capable

text: of

text: seriously

text: damaging

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: collapsing

text: many

text: buildings

text: especially

text: in

text: zones

text: built

text: on

text: fill

question: What hazardous geologic area does Seattle inhabit?

answer: Pacific Ring of Fire

text: Pacific Ring of Fire

question: What type of land area is at most risk of earthquake damage?

answer: reclaimed land

text: reclaimed land

question: What was the magnitude of the Nisqually quake?

answer: 6.8

question: On what date did the Nisqually earthquake occur that damaged the Pioneer Square area?

answer: February 28, 2001

text: February 28, 2001

question: What is the amount of magnitude possible on the Cascadia subduction zone?

answer: 9.0 or greater

text: 9.0 or greater


text: Estonia is situated in the northern part of the temperate climate zone and in the transition zone between maritime and continental climate. Estonia has four seasons of near-equal length. Average temperatures range from 16.3 °C (61.3 °F) on the Baltic islands to 18.1 °C (64.6 °F) inland in July, the warmest month, and from −3.5 °C (25.7 °F) on the Baltic islands to −7.6 °C (18.3 °F) inland in February, the coldest month. The average annual temperature in Estonia is 5.2 °C (41.4 °F). The average precipitation in 1961–1990 ranged from 535 to 727 mm (21.1 to 28.6 in) per year.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: Estonia

text: is

text: situated

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: temperate

text: climate

text: zone

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: transition

text: zone

text: between

text: maritime

text: and

text: continental

text: climate

text: Estonia

text: has

text: four

text: seasons

text: of

text: near

text: equal

text: length

text: Average

text: temperatures

text: range

text: from

text: C

text: F

text: on

text: the

text: Baltic

text: islands

text: to

text: C

text: F

text: inland

text: in

text: July

text: the

text: warmest

text: month

text: and

text: from

text: C

text: F

text: on

text: the

text: Baltic

text: islands

text: to

text: C

text: F

text: inland

text: in

text: February

text: the

text: coldest

text: month

text: The

text: average

text: annual

text: temperature

text: in

text: Estonia

text: is

text: C

text: F

text: The

text: average

text: precipitation

text: in

text: ranged

text: from

text: to

text: mm

text: to

text: in

text: per

text: year

question: What section of the temperate climate zone does Estonia reside?

answer: northern part

text: northern part

question: What is the similar trait of Estonia's four seasons?

answer: near-equal length

text: near-equal length

question: What is the average temperature of the Baltic Islands?

answer: 16.3 °C (61.3 °F)

text: 16.3 °C (61.3 °F)

question: What is the warmest month in Estonia?

answer: July

text: July


text: Film speed is used in the exposure equations to find the appropriate exposure parameters. Four variables are available to the photographer to obtain the desired effect: lighting, film speed, f-number (aperture size), and shutter speed (exposure time). The equation may be expressed as ratios, or, by taking the logarithm (base 2) of both sides, by addition, using the APEX system, in which every increment of 1 is a doubling of exposure; this increment is commonly known as a "stop". The effective f-number is proportional to the ratio between the lens focal length and aperture diameter, the diameter itself being proportional to the square root of the aperture area. Thus, a lens set to f/1.4 allows twice as much light to strike the focal plane as a lens set to f/2. Therefore, each f-number factor of the square root of two (approximately 1.4) is also a stop, so lenses are typically marked in that progression: f/1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32, etc.

title: Film_speed

title: Film_speed

text: Film

text: speed

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: exposure

text: equations

text: to

text: find

text: the

text: appropriate

text: exposure

text: parameters

text: Four

text: variables

text: are

text: available

text: to

text: the

text: photographer

text: to

text: obtain

text: the

text: desired

text: effect

text: lighting

text: film

text: speed

text: f

text: number

text: aperture

text: size

text: and

text: shutter

text: speed

text: exposure

text: time

text: The

text: equation

text: may

text: be

text: expressed

text: as

text: ratios

text: or

text: by

text: taking

text: the

text: logarithm

text: base

text: of

text: both

text: sides

text: by

text: addition

text: using

text: the

text: APEX

text: system

text: in

text: which

text: every

text: increment

text: of

text: is

text: a

text: doubling

text: of

text: exposure

text: this

text: increment

text: is

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: stop

text: The

text: effective

text: f

text: number

text: is

text: proportional

text: to

text: the

text: ratio

text: between

text: the

text: lens

text: focal

text: length

text: and

text: aperture

text: diameter

text: the

text: diameter

text: itself

text: being

text: proportional

text: to

text: the

text: square

text: root

text: of

text: the

text: aperture

text: area

text: Thus

text: a

text: lens

text: set

text: to

text: allows

text: twice

text: as

text: much

text: light

text: to

text: strike

text: the

text: focal

text: plane

text: as

text: a

text: lens

text: set

text: to

text: Therefore

text: each

text: f

text: number

text: factor

text: of

text: the

text: square

text: root

text: of

text: two

text: approximately

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: stop

text: so

text: lenses

text: are

text: typically

text: marked

text: in

text: that

text: progression

text: etc

question: What is the effective f-number proportional to?

answer: the ratio between the lens focal length and aperture diameter

text: the ratio between the lens focal length and aperture diameter

question: What is used to discover the right exposure parameters?

answer: Film speed

text: Film speed

question: What variables help the photographer produce the desired effect?

answer: lighting, film speed, f-number (aperture size), and shutter speed (exposure time)

text: lighting, film speed, f-number (aperture size), and shutter speed (exposure time)

question: A lens with a setting of f/1.4 lets how much to hit the focal plane compared with a setting of f/2?

answer: twice as much

text: twice as much

question: In the APEX system, the increment that doubles the exposure is called what?

answer: "stop"

text: "stop"


text: The gut is generally an almost straight tube supported by the mesenteries (vertical partitions within segments), and ends with the anus on the underside of the pygidium. However, in members of the tube-dwelling family Siboglinidae the gut is blocked by a swollen lining that houses symbiotic bacteria, which can make up 15% of the worms' total weight. The bacteria convert inorganic matter – such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from hydrothermal vents, or methane from seeps – to organic matter that feeds themselves and their hosts, while the worms extend their palps into the gas flows to absorb the gases needed by the bacteria.

title: Annelid

title: Annelid

text: The

text: gut

text: is

text: generally

text: an

text: almost

text: straight

text: tube

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: mesenteries

text: vertical

text: partitions

text: within

text: segments

text: and

text: ends

text: with

text: the

text: anus

text: on

text: the

text: underside

text: of

text: the

text: pygidium

text: However

text: in

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: tube

text: dwelling

text: family

text: Siboglinidae

text: the

text: gut

text: is

text: blocked

text: by

text: a

text: swollen

text: lining

text: that

text: houses

text: symbiotic

text: bacteria

text: which

text: can

text: make

text: up

text: of

text: the

text: worms

text: total

text: weight

text: The

text: bacteria

text: convert

text: inorganic

text: matter

text: such

text: as

text: hydrogen

text: sulfide

text: and

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: from

text: hydrothermal

text: vents

text: or

text: methane

text: from

text: seeps

text: to

text: organic

text: matter

text: that

text: feeds

text: themselves

text: and

text: their

text: hosts

text: while

text: the

text: worms

text: extend

text: their

text: palps

text: into

text: the

text: gas

text: flows

text: to

text: absorb

text: the

text: gases

text: needed

text: by

text: the

text: bacteria

question: What type of annelids are tube-dwelling?

answer: Siboglinidae

text: Siboglinidae

question: What blocks the Siboglinidae's gut?

answer: a swollen lining

text: a swollen lining

question: How much of a Siboglinidae's weight is symbiotic bacteria?

answer: 15%

question: What gases come from hydrothermal vents?

answer: hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide

text: hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide

question: What gases come from seeps?

answer: methane

text: methane


text: As the center of the empire, early-Ming Nanjing had worldwide connections. It was home of the admiral Zheng He, who went to sail the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and it was visited by foreign dignitaries, such as a king from Borneo (Boni 渤泥), who died during his visit to China in 1408. The Tomb of the King of Boni, with a spirit way and a tortoise stele, was discovered in Yuhuatai District (south of the walled city) in 1958, and has been restored.

title: Nanjing

title: Nanjing

text: As

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: early

text: Ming

text: Nanjing

text: had

text: worldwide

text: connections

text: It

text: was

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: admiral

text: Zheng

text: He

text: who

text: went

text: to

text: sail

text: the

text: Pacific

text: and

text: Indian

text: Oceans

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: visited

text: by

text: foreign

text: dignitaries

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: king

text: from

text: Borneo

text: Boni

text: 渤泥

text: who

text: died

text: during

text: his

text: visit

text: to

text: China

text: in

text: The

text: Tomb

text: of

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Boni

text: with

text: a

text: spirit

text: way

text: and

text: a

text: tortoise

text: stele

text: was

text: discovered

text: in

text: Yuhuatai

text: District

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: walled

text: city

text: in

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: restored

question: What Admiral called Nanjing his home?

answer: admiral Zheng He

text: admiral Zheng He

question: What visiting king died in China in 1408?

answer: (Boni 渤泥)

text: (Boni 渤泥)

question: What country did this visiting king come from?

answer: Borneo

text: Borneo

question: What stele is at Boni's tomb?

answer: a tortoise stele

text: a tortoise stele


text: With the six consistories, Paul VI continued the internationalization policies started by Pius XII in 1946 and continued by John XXIII. In his 1976 consistory, five of twenty cardinals originated from Africa, one of them a son of a tribal chief with fifty wives. Several prominent Latin Americans like Eduardo Francisco Pironio of Argentina; Luis Aponte Martinez of Puerto Rico and Eugênio de Araújo Sales and Aloisio Lorscheider from Brazil were also elevated by him. There were voices within the Church at the time saying that the European period of the Church was coming to a close, a view shared by Britain's Cardinal Basil Hume. At the same time, the members of the College of Cardinals lost some of their previous influences, after Paul VI decreed, that not only cardinals but also bishops too may participate in committees of the Roman Curia. The age limit of eighty years imposed by the Pope, a numerical increase of Cardinals by almost 100%, and a reform of the regal vestments of the "Princes of the Church" further contributed to a service-oriented perception of Cardinals under his pontificate. The increased number of Cardinals from the Third World and the papal emphasis on related issues was nevertheless welcomed by many in Western Europe.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: With

text: the

text: six

text: consistories

text: Paul

text: VI

text: continued

text: the

text: internationalization

text: policies

text: started

text: by

text: Pius

text: XII

text: in

text: and

text: continued

text: by

text: John

text: XXIII

text: In

text: his

text: consistory

text: five

text: of

text: twenty

text: cardinals

text: originated

text: from

text: Africa

text: one

text: of

text: them

text: a

text: son

text: of

text: a

text: tribal

text: chief

text: with

text: fifty

text: wives

text: Several

text: prominent

text: Latin

text: Americans

text: like

text: Eduardo

text: Francisco

text: Pironio

text: of

text: Argentina

text: Luis

text: Aponte

text: Martinez

text: of

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: and

text: Eugênio

text: de

text: Araújo

text: Sales

text: and

text: Aloisio

text: Lorscheider

text: from

text: Brazil

text: were

text: also

text: elevated

text: by

text: him

text: There

text: were

text: voices

text: within

text: the

text: Church

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: saying

text: that

text: the

text: European

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: was

text: coming

text: to

text: a

text: close

text: a

text: view

text: shared

text: by

text: Britain

text: 's

text: Cardinal

text: Basil

text: Hume

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: lost

text: some

text: of

text: their

text: previous

text: influences

text: after

text: Paul

text: VI

text: decreed

text: that

text: not

text: only

text: cardinals

text: but

text: also

text: bishops

text: too

text: may

text: participate

text: in

text: committees

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Curia

text: The

text: age

text: limit

text: of

text: eighty

text: years

text: imposed

text: by

text: the

text: Pope

text: a

text: numerical

text: increase

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: by

text: almost

text: and

text: a

text: reform

text: of

text: the

text: regal

text: vestments

text: of

text: the

text: Princes

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: further

text: contributed

text: to

text: a

text: service

text: oriented

text: perception

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: under

text: his

text: pontificate

text: The

text: increased

text: number

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: from

text: the

text: Third

text: World

text: and

text: the

text: papal

text: emphasis

text: on

text: related

text: issues

text: was

text: nevertheless

text: welcomed

text: by

text: many

text: in

text: Western

text: Europe

question: How many cardinals were from Africa in 1976?

answer: five

text: five

question: What country did Cardinal Eduardo Francisco Pironi represent?

answer: Argentina

text: Argentina

question: What country did Cardinal Araujo Sales represent?

answer: Brazil

text: Brazil

question: What group's committees did Paul VI declare both bishops and cardinals could participate in?

answer: Roman Curia

text: Roman Curia

question: What type of clothing did Paul VI enact reform on?

answer: regal vestments

text: regal vestments


text: Rather than just using a thick tube, there are similar techniques used to the same effect such as replacing thin wire elements with cages to simulate a thicker element. This widens the bandwidth of the resonance. On the other hand, amateur radio antennas need to operate over several bands which are widely separated from each other. This can often be accomplished simply by connecting resonant elements for the different bands in parallel. Most of the transmitter's power will flow into the resonant element while the others present a high (reactive) impedance and draw little current from the same voltage. A popular solution uses so-called traps consisting of parallel resonant circuits which are strategically placed in breaks along each antenna element. When used at one particular frequency band the trap presents a very high impedance (parallel resonance) effectively truncating the element at that length, making it a proper resonant antenna. At a lower frequency the trap allows the full length of the element to be employed, albeit with a shifted resonant frequency due to the inclusion of the trap's net reactance at that lower frequency.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: Rather

text: than

text: just

text: using

text: a

text: thick

text: tube

text: there

text: are

text: similar

text: techniques

text: used

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: effect

text: such

text: as

text: replacing

text: thin

text: wire

text: elements

text: with

text: cages

text: to

text: simulate

text: a

text: thicker

text: element

text: This

text: widens

text: the

text: bandwidth

text: of

text: the

text: resonance

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: amateur

text: radio

text: antennas

text: need

text: to

text: operate

text: over

text: several

text: bands

text: which

text: are

text: widely

text: separated

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: This

text: can

text: often

text: be

text: accomplished

text: simply

text: by

text: connecting

text: resonant

text: elements

text: for

text: the

text: different

text: bands

text: in

text: parallel

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: transmitter

text: 's

text: power

text: will

text: flow

text: into

text: the

text: resonant

text: element

text: while

text: the

text: others

text: present

text: a

text: high

text: reactive

text: impedance

text: and

text: draw

text: little

text: current

text: from

text: the

text: same

text: voltage

text: A

text: popular

text: solution

text: uses

text: so

text: called

text: traps

text: consisting

text: of

text: parallel

text: resonant

text: circuits

text: which

text: are

text: strategically

text: placed

text: in

text: breaks

text: along

text: each

text: antenna

text: element

text: When

text: used

text: at

text: one

text: particular

text: frequency

text: band

text: the

text: trap

text: presents

text: a

text: very

text: high

text: impedance

text: parallel

text: resonance

text: effectively

text: truncating

text: the

text: element

text: at

text: that

text: length

text: making

text: it

text: a

text: proper

text: resonant

text: antenna

text: At

text: a

text: lower

text: frequency

text: the

text: trap

text: allows

text: the

text: full

text: length

text: of

text: the

text: element

text: to

text: be

text: employed

text: albeit

text: with

text: a

text: shifted

text: resonant

text: frequency

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: inclusion

text: of

text: the

text: trap

text: 's

text: net

text: reactance

text: at

text: that

text: lower

text: frequency

question: What effect do cages have on the spectrum of usable frequencies?

answer: widens

text: widens

question: What type of tubes are generally used for sturdier always of antennas?

answer: cages

text: cages

question: How could one achieve the task of creating an antenna that can be Used over various bands?

answer: connecting resonant elements

text: connecting resonant elements

question: What is an essential for dealing with directing the flow of power?

answer: trap's

text: trap's


text: Tonearm skating forces and other perturbations are also picked up by the stylus. This is a form of frequency multiplexing as the control signal (restoring force) used to keep the stylus in the groove is carried by the same mechanism as the sound itself. Subsonic frequencies below about 20 Hz in the audio signal are dominated by tracking effects, which is one form of unwanted rumble ("tracking noise") and merges with audible frequencies in the deep bass range up to about 100 Hz. High fidelity sound equipment can reproduce tracking noise and rumble. During a quiet passage, woofer speaker cones can sometimes be seen to vibrate with the subsonic tracking of the stylus, at frequencies as low as just above 0.5 Hz (the frequency at which a 33 1⁄3 rpm record turns on the turntable; 5⁄9 Hz exactly on an ideal turntable). Another reason for very low frequency material can be a warped disk: its undulations produce frequencies of only a few hertz and present day amplifiers have large power bandwidths. For this reason, many stereo receivers contained a switchable subsonic filter. Some subsonic content is directly out of phase in each channel. If played back on a mono subwoofer system, the noise will cancel, significantly reducing the amount of rumble that is reproduced.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: Tonearm

text: skating

text: forces

text: and

text: other

text: perturbations

text: are

text: also

text: picked

text: up

text: by

text: the

text: stylus

text: This

text: is

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: frequency

text: multiplexing

text: as

text: the

text: control

text: signal

text: restoring

text: force

text: used

text: to

text: keep

text: the

text: stylus

text: in

text: the

text: groove

text: is

text: carried

text: by

text: the

text: same

text: mechanism

text: as

text: the

text: sound

text: itself

text: Subsonic

text: frequencies

text: below

text: about

text: Hz

text: in

text: the

text: audio

text: signal

text: are

text: dominated

text: by

text: tracking

text: effects

text: which

text: is

text: one

text: form

text: of

text: unwanted

text: rumble

text: tracking

text: noise

text: and

text: merges

text: with

text: audible

text: frequencies

text: in

text: the

text: deep

text: bass

text: range

text: up

text: to

text: about

text: Hz

text: High

text: fidelity

text: sound

text: equipment

text: can

text: reproduce

text: tracking

text: noise

text: and

text: rumble

text: During

text: a

text: quiet

text: passage

text: woofer

text: speaker

text: cones

text: can

text: sometimes

text: be

text: seen

text: to

text: vibrate

text: with

text: the

text: subsonic

text: tracking

text: of

text: the

text: stylus

text: at

text: frequencies

text: as

text: low

text: as

text: just

text: above

text: Hz

text: the

text: frequency

text: at

text: which

text: a

text: rpm

text: record

text: turns

text: on

text: the

text: turntable

text: Hz

text: exactly

text: on

text: an

text: ideal

text: turntable

text: Another

text: reason

text: for

text: very

text: low

text: frequency

text: material

text: can

text: be

text: a

text: warped

text: disk

text: its

text: undulations

text: produce

text: frequencies

text: of

text: only

text: a

text: few

text: hertz

text: and

text: present

text: day

text: amplifiers

text: have

text: large

text: power

text: bandwidths

text: For

text: this

text: reason

text: many

text: stereo

text: receivers

text: contained

text: a

text: switchable

text: subsonic

text: filter

text: Some

text: subsonic

text: content

text: is

text: directly

text: out

text: of

text: phase

text: in

text: each

text: channel

text: If

text: played

text: back

text: on

text: a

text: mono

text: subwoofer

text: system

text: the

text: noise

text: will

text: cancel

text: significantly

text: reducing

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: rumble

text: that

text: is

text: reproduced

question: What would be a cause of low frequency sounds when listening?

answer: warped disk

text: warped disk

question: What is a feature many stereos contain to fight back against unwanted noises?

answer: subsonic filter

text: subsonic filter

question: What is a sounds commonly heard when listening to a vinyl that is unintentional.

answer: Tonearm skating

text: Tonearm skating

question: Which frequencies are you most likely to hear tonearm skating?

answer: frequencies below about 20 Hz

text: frequencies below about 20 Hz

question: Are there any visual signs of tracking when listening to a record?

answer: cones can sometimes be seen to vibrate with the subsonic tracking

text: cones can sometimes be seen to vibrate with the subsonic tracking


text: Architectural interest in Cubism centered on the dissolution and reconstitution of three-dimensional form, using simple geometric shapes, juxtaposed without the illusions of classical perspective. Diverse elements could be superimposed, made transparent or penetrate one another, while retaining their spatial relationships. Cubism had become an influential factor in the development of modern architecture from 1912 (La Maison Cubiste, by Raymond Duchamp-Villon and André Mare) onwards, developing in parallel with architects such as Peter Behrens and Walter Gropius, with the simplification of building design, the use of materials appropriate to industrial production, and the increased use of glass.

title: Cubism

title: Cubism

text: Architectural

text: interest

text: in

text: Cubism

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: dissolution

text: and

text: reconstitution

text: of

text: three

text: dimensional

text: form

text: using

text: simple

text: geometric

text: shapes

text: juxtaposed

text: without

text: the

text: illusions

text: of

text: classical

text: perspective

text: Diverse

text: elements

text: could

text: be

text: superimposed

text: made

text: transparent

text: or

text: penetrate

text: one

text: another

text: while

text: retaining

text: their

text: spatial

text: relationships

text: Cubism

text: had

text: become

text: an

text: influential

text: factor

text: in

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: modern

text: architecture

text: from

text: La

text: Maison

text: Cubiste

text: by

text: Raymond

text: Duchamp

text: Villon

text: and

text: André

text: Mare

text: onwards

text: developing

text: in

text: parallel

text: with

text: architects

text: such

text: as

text: Peter

text: Behrens

text: and

text: Walter

text: Gropius

text: with

text: the

text: simplification

text: of

text: building

text: design

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: materials

text: appropriate

text: to

text: industrial

text: production

text: and

text: the

text: increased

text: use

text: of

text: glass

question: In Cubism what was architechtural interested base on?

answer: the dissolution and reconstitution of three-dimensional form

text: the dissolution and reconstitution of three-dimensional form

question: Who said that Cubism was becoming an influetial aspect in modern architecture ?

answer: Raymond Duchamp-Villon and André Mare

text: Raymond Duchamp-Villon and André Mare

question: Increased use of what material marked Cubism influence in architecture?

answer: glass

text: glass


text: Since the coronations in 1066 of both King Harold and William the Conqueror, coronations of English and British monarchs were held in the abbey. In 1216, Henry III was unable to be crowned in London when he first came to the throne, because the French prince Louis had taken control of the city, and so the king was crowned in Gloucester Cathedral. This coronation was deemed by the Pope to be improper, and a further coronation was held in the abbey on 17 May 1220. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the traditional cleric in the coronation ceremony.[citation needed]

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: Since

text: the

text: coronations

text: in

text: of

text: both

text: King

text: Harold

text: and

text: William

text: the

text: Conqueror

text: coronations

text: of

text: English

text: and

text: British

text: monarchs

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: the

text: abbey

text: In

text: Henry

text: III

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: be

text: crowned

text: in

text: London

text: when

text: he

text: first

text: came

text: to

text: the

text: throne

text: because

text: the

text: French

text: prince

text: Louis

text: had

text: taken

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: so

text: the

text: king

text: was

text: crowned

text: in

text: Gloucester

text: Cathedral

text: This

text: coronation

text: was

text: deemed

text: by

text: the

text: Pope

text: to

text: be

text: improper

text: and

text: a

text: further

text: coronation

text: was

text: held

text: in

text: the

text: abbey

text: on

text: May

text: The

text: Archbishop

text: of

text: Canterbury

text: is

text: the

text: traditional

text: cleric

text: in

text: the

text: coronation

text: ceremony.[citation

text: needed

question: Where was Henry III crowned?

answer: Gloucester Cathedral

text: Gloucester Cathedral

question: When was Henry III crowned?

answer: 1216

question: Who had taken control of London when Henry III was to be crowned?

answer: French prince Louis

text: French prince Louis

question: Who deemed Henry III's coronation to be improper?

answer: the Pope

text: the Pope

question: Who is the usual cleric for coronation ceremonies?

answer: The Archbishop of Canterbury

text: The Archbishop of Canterbury


text: Pomors are distinguished by the presence of Y Haplogroup N among them. Postulated to originate from southeast Asia, it is found at high rates in Uralic peoples. Its presence in Pomors (called "Northern Russians" in the report) attests to the non-Slavic tribes (mixing with Finnic tribes of northern Eurasia). Autosomally, Russians are generally similar to populations in central-eastern Europe but some northern Russians are intermediate to Finno-Ugric groups.

title: Slavs

title: Slavs

text: Pomors

text: are

text: distinguished

text: by

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: Y

text: Haplogroup

text: N

text: among

text: them

text: Postulated

text: to

text: originate

text: from

text: southeast

text: Asia

text: it

text: is

text: found

text: at

text: high

text: rates

text: in

text: Uralic

text: peoples

text: Its

text: presence

text: in

text: Pomors

text: called

text: Northern

text: Russians

text: in

text: the

text: report

text: attests

text: to

text: the

text: non

text: Slavic

text: tribes

text: mixing

text: with

text: Finnic

text: tribes

text: of

text: northern

text: Eurasia

text: Autosomally

text: Russians

text: are

text: generally

text: similar

text: to

text: populations

text: in

text: central

text: eastern

text: Europe

text: but

text: some

text: northern

text: Russians

text: are

text: intermediate

text: to

text: Finno

text: Ugric

text: groups

question: What is distinguished by the presence of Y Haplogroup N?

answer: Pomors

text: Pomors

question: Pomors are distinguished by the presence of what?

answer: Y Haplogroup N

text: Y Haplogroup N

question: Y Haplogroup N are found at high rates in who?

answer: Uralic peoples

text: Uralic peoples

question: Russians are generally similar to populations in what region?

answer: central-eastern Europe

text: central-eastern Europe

question: Pomors are also known as what?

answer: Northern Russians

text: Northern Russians


text: Some pesticides are considered too hazardous for sale to the general public and are designated restricted use pesticides. Only certified applicators, who have passed an exam, may purchase or supervise the application of restricted use pesticides. Records of sales and use are required to be maintained and may be audited by government agencies charged with the enforcement of pesticide regulations. These records must be made available to employees and state or territorial environmental regulatory agencies.

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: Some

text: pesticides

text: are

text: considered

text: too

text: hazardous

text: for

text: sale

text: to

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: and

text: are

text: designated

text: restricted

text: use

text: pesticides

text: Only

text: certified

text: applicators

text: who

text: have

text: passed

text: an

text: exam

text: may

text: purchase

text: or

text: supervise

text: the

text: application

text: of

text: restricted

text: use

text: pesticides

text: Records

text: of

text: sales

text: and

text: use

text: are

text: required

text: to

text: be

text: maintained

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: audited

text: by

text: government

text: agencies

text: charged

text: with

text: the

text: enforcement

text: of

text: pesticide

text: regulations

text: These

text: records

text: must

text: be

text: made

text: available

text: to

text: employees

text: and

text: state

text: or

text: territorial

text: environmental

text: regulatory

text: agencies

question: What are pesticides that are thought to be extremely dangerous called?

answer: restricted use pesticides

text: restricted use pesticides

question: What would qualify someone to use restricted use pesticides?

answer: an exam

text: an exam

question: The EPA or other groups who govern pesticide use may inspect what?

answer: Records of sales and use

text: Records of sales and use

question: Agencies who regulate the environment exists in what regional capacities?

answer: state or territorial

text: state or territorial


text: The Marshall Islands are served by the Marshall Islands International Airport in Majuro, the Bucholz Army Airfield in Kwajalein, and other small airports and airstrips.

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: The

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: are

text: served

text: by

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: International

text: Airport

text: in

text: Majuro

text: the

text: Bucholz

text: Army

text: Airfield

text: in

text: Kwajalein

text: and

text: other

text: small

text: airports

text: and

text: airstrips

question: Where is the Marshall Islands International Airport located?

answer: Majuro

text: Majuro

question: What airfield operates in Kwajalein?

answer: Bucholz Army Airfield

text: Bucholz Army Airfield


text: The Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas (First Judicial District) is the trial court of general jurisdiction for Philadelphia, hearing felony-level criminal cases and civil suits above the minimum jurisdictional limit of $7000 (excepting small claims cases valued between $7000 and $12000 and landlord-tenant issues heard in the Municipal Court) under its original jurisdiction; it also has appellate jurisdiction over rulings from the Municipal and Traffic Courts and over decisions of certain Pennsylvania state agencies (e.g. the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board). It has 90 legally trained judges elected by the voters. It is funded and operated largely by city resources and employees. The current District Attorney is Seth Williams, a Democrat. The last Republican to hold the office is Ron Castille, who left in 1991 and is currently the Chief Justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: The

text: Philadelphia

text: County

text: Court

text: of

text: Common

text: Pleas

text: First

text: Judicial

text: District

text: is

text: the

text: trial

text: court

text: of

text: general

text: jurisdiction

text: for

text: Philadelphia

text: hearing

text: felony

text: level

text: criminal

text: cases

text: and

text: civil

text: suits

text: above

text: the

text: minimum

text: jurisdictional

text: limit

text: of

text: excepting

text: small

text: claims

text: cases

text: valued

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: landlord

text: tenant

text: issues

text: heard

text: in

text: the

text: Municipal

text: Court

text: under

text: its

text: original

text: jurisdiction

text: it

text: also

text: has

text: appellate

text: jurisdiction

text: over

text: rulings

text: from

text: the

text: Municipal

text: and

text: Traffic

text: Courts

text: and

text: over

text: decisions

text: of

text: certain

text: Pennsylvania

text: state

text: agencies

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Pennsylvania

text: Liquor

text: Control

text: Board

text: It

text: has

text: legally

text: trained

text: judges

text: elected

text: by

text: the

text: voters

text: It

text: is

text: funded

text: and

text: operated

text: largely

text: by

text: city

text: resources

text: and

text: employees

text: The

text: current

text: District

text: Attorney

text: is

text: Seth

text: Williams

text: a

text: Democrat

text: The

text: last

text: Republican

text: to

text: hold

text: the

text: office

text: is

text: Ron

text: Castille

text: who

text: left

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: Chief

text: Justice

text: of

text: the

text: Pennsylvania

text: Supreme

text: Court

question: What is the main trial court called?

answer: The Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas (First Judicial District)

text: The Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas (First Judicial District)

question: What type of cases are heard here?

answer: felony-level criminal cases and civil suits above the minimum jurisdictional limit of $7000

text: felony-level criminal cases and civil suits above the minimum jurisdictional limit of $7000

question: How are judges appointed?

answer: elected by the voters

text: elected by the voters

question: Who was the last Republican DA?

answer: Ron Castille

text: Ron Castille


text: Theism generally holds that God exists realistically, objectively, and independently of human thought; that God created and sustains everything; that God is omnipotent and eternal; and that God is personal and interacting with the universe through, for example, religious experience and the prayers of humans. Theism holds that God is both transcendent and immanent; thus, God is simultaneously infinite and in some way present in the affairs of the world. Not all theists subscribe to all of these propositions, but each usually subscribes to some of them (see, by way of comparison, family resemblance). Catholic theology holds that God is infinitely simple and is not involuntarily subject to time. Most theists hold that God is omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent, although this belief raises questions about God's responsibility for evil and suffering in the world. Some theists ascribe to God a self-conscious or purposeful limiting of omnipotence, omniscience, or benevolence. Open Theism, by contrast, asserts that, due to the nature of time, God's omniscience does not mean the deity can predict the future. Theism is sometimes used to refer in general to any belief in a god or gods, i.e., monotheism or polytheism.

title: God

title: God

text: Theism

text: generally

text: holds

text: that

text: God

text: exists

text: realistically

text: objectively

text: and

text: independently

text: of

text: human

text: thought

text: that

text: God

text: created

text: and

text: sustains

text: everything

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: omnipotent

text: and

text: eternal

text: and

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: personal

text: and

text: interacting

text: with

text: the

text: universe

text: through

text: for

text: example

text: religious

text: experience

text: and

text: the

text: prayers

text: of

text: humans

text: Theism

text: holds

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: both

text: transcendent

text: and

text: immanent

text: thus

text: God

text: is

text: simultaneously

text: infinite

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: way

text: present

text: in

text: the

text: affairs

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: Not

text: all

text: theists

text: subscribe

text: to

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: propositions

text: but

text: each

text: usually

text: subscribes

text: to

text: some

text: of

text: them

text: see

text: by

text: way

text: of

text: comparison

text: family

text: resemblance

text: Catholic

text: theology

text: holds

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: infinitely

text: simple

text: and

text: is

text: not

text: involuntarily

text: subject

text: to

text: time

text: Most

text: theists

text: hold

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: omnipotent

text: omniscient

text: and

text: benevolent

text: although

text: this

text: belief

text: raises

text: questions

text: about

text: God

text: 's

text: responsibility

text: for

text: evil

text: and

text: suffering

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Some

text: theists

text: ascribe

text: to

text: God

text: a

text: self

text: conscious

text: or

text: purposeful

text: limiting

text: of

text: omnipotence

text: omniscience

text: or

text: benevolence

text: Open

text: Theism

text: by

text: contrast

text: asserts

text: that

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: time

text: God

text: 's

text: omniscience

text: does

text: not

text: mean

text: the

text: deity

text: can

text: predict

text: the

text: future

text: Theism

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: in

text: general

text: to

text: any

text: belief

text: in

text: a

text: god

text: or

text: gods

text: i.e.

text: monotheism

text: or

text: polytheism

question: What is the basis behind Catholic theology?

answer: God is infinitely simple and is not involuntarily subject to time

text: God is infinitely simple and is not involuntarily subject to time

question: What ways can God interact with the universe?

answer: religious experience and the prayers of humans

text: religious experience and the prayers of humans

question: Why is it sometimes hard to think of God as benevolent?

answer: God's responsibility for evil and suffering in the world

text: God's responsibility for evil and suffering in the world

question: What is the suffix theism used for?

answer: used to refer in general to any belief in a god or gods

text: used to refer in general to any belief in a god or gods

question: What are examples of different types of theism?

answer: monotheism or polytheism

text: monotheism or polytheism

question: What three points do most theists agree on?

answer: God is omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent,

text: God is omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent,

question: What religion believes that God is infinitely simple and not subject to time?

answer: Catholic

text: Catholic

question: What does theism mean in general?

answer: belief in a god or gods

text: belief in a god or gods


text: However, for his part, Hayek found this term "singularly unattractive" and offered the term "Old Whig" (a phrase borrowed from Edmund Burke) instead. In his later life, he said, "I am becoming a Burkean Whig." However, Whiggery as a political doctrine had little affinity for classical political economy, the tabernacle of the Manchester School and William Gladstone. His essay has served as an inspiration to other liberal-minded economists wishing to distinguish themselves from conservative thinkers, for example James M. Buchanan's essay "Why I, Too, Am Not a Conservative: The Normative Vision of Classical Liberalism".

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: However

text: for

text: his

text: part

text: Hayek

text: found

text: this

text: term

text: singularly

text: unattractive

text: and

text: offered

text: the

text: term

text: Old

text: Whig

text: a

text: phrase

text: borrowed

text: from

text: Edmund

text: Burke

text: instead

text: In

text: his

text: later

text: life

text: he

text: said

text: I

text: am

text: becoming

text: a

text: Burkean

text: Whig

text: However

text: Whiggery

text: as

text: a

text: political

text: doctrine

text: had

text: little

text: affinity

text: for

text: classical

text: political

text: economy

text: the

text: tabernacle

text: of

text: the

text: Manchester

text: School

text: and

text: William

text: Gladstone

text: His

text: essay

text: has

text: served

text: as

text: an

text: inspiration

text: to

text: other

text: liberal

text: minded

text: economists

text: wishing

text: to

text: distinguish

text: themselves

text: from

text: conservative

text: thinkers

text: for

text: example

text: James

text: M.

text: Buchanan

text: 's

text: essay

text: Why

text: I

text: Too

text: Am

text: Not

text: a

text: Conservative

text: The

text: Normative

text: Vision

text: of

text: Classical

text: Liberalism

question: What did Hayek suggest as an alternative to being called a libertarian?

answer: Old Whig

text: Old Whig

question: In opposition to conservatives, what group has Hayek's work influenced?

answer: liberal-minded economists

text: liberal-minded economists

question: Who wrote an essay as a result of Hayek's "Why I Am Not a Conservative"?

answer: James M. Buchanan

text: James M. Buchanan

question: From whom did Hayek acquire the term he proposed as an alternative to libertarian?

answer: Edmund Burke

text: Edmund Burke

question: In his later years, what term did Hayek use to describe himself?

answer: a Burkean Whig

text: a Burkean Whig


text: In the controversial elections in 2002, Sassou won with almost 90% of the vote cast. His two main rivals, Lissouba and Bernard Kolelas, were prevented from competing and the only remaining credible rival, Andre Milongo, advised his supporters to boycott the elections and then withdrew from the race. A new constitution, agreed upon by referendum in January 2002, granted the president new powers, extended his term to seven years, and introduced a new bicameral assembly. International observers took issue with the organization of the presidential election and the constitutional referendum, both of which were reminiscent in their organization of Congo's era of the one-party state. Following the presidential elections, fighting restarted in the Pool region between government forces and rebels led by Pastor Ntumi; a peace treaty to end the conflict was signed in April 2003.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: In

text: the

text: controversial

text: elections

text: in

text: Sassou

text: won

text: with

text: almost

text: of

text: the

text: vote

text: cast

text: His

text: two

text: main

text: rivals

text: Lissouba

text: and

text: Bernard

text: Kolelas

text: were

text: prevented

text: from

text: competing

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: remaining

text: credible

text: rival

text: Andre

text: Milongo

text: advised

text: his

text: supporters

text: to

text: boycott

text: the

text: elections

text: and

text: then

text: withdrew

text: from

text: the

text: race

text: A

text: new

text: constitution

text: agreed

text: upon

text: by

text: referendum

text: in

text: January

text: granted

text: the

text: president

text: new

text: powers

text: extended

text: his

text: term

text: to

text: seven

text: years

text: and

text: introduced

text: a

text: new

text: bicameral

text: assembly

text: International

text: observers

text: took

text: issue

text: with

text: the

text: organization

text: of

text: the

text: presidential

text: election

text: and

text: the

text: constitutional

text: referendum

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: reminiscent

text: in

text: their

text: organization

text: of

text: Congo

text: 's

text: era

text: of

text: the

text: one

text: party

text: state

text: Following

text: the

text: presidential

text: elections

text: fighting

text: restarted

text: in

text: the

text: Pool

text: region

text: between

text: government

text: forces

text: and

text: rebels

text: led

text: by

text: Pastor

text: Ntumi

text: a

text: peace

text: treaty

text: to

text: end

text: the

text: conflict

text: was

text: signed

text: in

text: April

question: Which politican left the presidential race after supporting a boycott by voters?

answer: Milongo

text: Milongo

question: How long did the presidential term become under the new constitution?

answer: seven years

text: seven years

question: When was the new constitution ratified?

answer: January 2002

text: January 2002

question: When was an end brought to the fighting between the government and Ntumi's rebels?

answer: April 2003

text: April 2003