text: Many of the world's largest media conglomerates are also based in the city. Manhattan contained over 500 million square feet (46.5 million m2) of office space in 2015, making it the largest office market in the United States, while Midtown Manhattan, with nearly 400 million square feet (37.2 million m2) in 2015, is the largest central business district in the world.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: media

text: conglomerates

text: are

text: also

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: Manhattan

text: contained

text: over

text: million

text: square

text: feet

text: million

text: of

text: office

text: space

text: in

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: office

text: market

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: while

text: Midtown

text: Manhattan

text: with

text: nearly

text: million

text: square

text: feet

text: million

text: in

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: How many square meters of office space does Manhattan have?

answer: 46.5 million

text: 46.5 million

question: About how many million square feet of office space is present in Midtown Manhattan?

answer: 400

question: How much office space did Manhatten possess in 2015?

answer: 500 million square feet

text: 500 million square feet


text: Napoleon's noble, moderately affluent background afforded him greater opportunities to study than were available to a typical Corsican of the time. In January 1779, he was enrolled at a religious school in Autun. In May, he was admitted to a military academy at Brienne-le-Château. His first language was Corsican, and he always spoke French with a marked Corsican accent and never learned to spell French properly. He was teased by other students for his accent and applied himself to reading. An examiner observed that Napoleon "has always been distinguished for his application in mathematics. He is fairly well acquainted with history and geography... This boy would make an excellent sailor."[note 3]

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: noble

text: moderately

text: affluent

text: background

text: afforded

text: him

text: greater

text: opportunities

text: to

text: study

text: than

text: were

text: available

text: to

text: a

text: typical

text: Corsican

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: In

text: January

text: he

text: was

text: enrolled

text: at

text: a

text: religious

text: school

text: in

text: Autun

text: In

text: May

text: he

text: was

text: admitted

text: to

text: a

text: military

text: academy

text: at

text: Brienne

text: le

text: Château

text: His

text: first

text: language

text: was

text: Corsican

text: and

text: he

text: always

text: spoke

text: French

text: with

text: a

text: marked

text: Corsican

text: accent

text: and

text: never

text: learned

text: to

text: spell

text: French

text: properly

text: He

text: was

text: teased

text: by

text: other

text: students

text: for

text: his

text: accent

text: and

text: applied

text: himself

text: to

text: reading

text: An

text: examiner

text: observed

text: that

text: Napoleon

text: has

text: always

text: been

text: distinguished

text: for

text: his

text: application

text: in

text: mathematics

text: He

text: is

text: fairly

text: well

text: acquainted

text: with

text: history

text: and

text: geography

text: This

text: boy

text: would

text: make

text: an

text: excellent

text: sailor."[note

question: When did Napoleon begin religious schooling in Autun?

answer: January 1779

text: January 1779

question: Where was the first military academy Napoleon attended located?

answer: Brienne-le-Château

text: Brienne-le-Château

question: What was Napoleon's first language?

answer: Corsican

text: Corsican

question: Why did other students often tease Napoleon?

answer: his accent

text: his accent

question: According to a school examiner, Napoleon was best at which academic subject?

answer: mathematics

text: mathematics


text: Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Puberty

text: occurs

text: through

text: a

text: long

text: process

text: and

text: begins

text: with

text: a

text: surge

text: in

text: hormone

text: production

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: causes

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: physical

text: changes

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: stage

text: of

text: life

text: characterized

text: by

text: the

text: appearance

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: secondary

text: sex

text: characteristics

text: for

text: example

text: a

text: deeper

text: voice

text: and

text: larger

text: adam

text: 's

text: apple

text: in

text: boys

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: breasts

text: and

text: more

text: curved

text: and

text: prominent

text: hips

text: in

text: girls

text: and

text: a

text: strong

text: shift

text: in

text: hormonal

text: balance

text: towards

text: an

text: adult

text: state

text: This

text: is

text: triggered

text: by

text: the

text: pituitary

text: gland

text: which

text: secretes

text: a

text: surge

text: of

text: hormonal

text: agents

text: into

text: the

text: blood

text: stream

text: initiating

text: a

text: chain

text: reaction

text: to

text: occur

text: The

text: male

text: and

text: female

text: gonads

text: are

text: subsequently

text: activated

text: which

text: puts

text: them

text: into

text: a

text: state

text: of

text: rapid

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: the

text: triggered

text: gonads

text: now

text: commence

text: the

text: mass

text: production

text: of

text: the

text: necessary

text: chemicals

text: The

text: testes

text: primarily

text: release

text: testosterone

text: and

text: the

text: ovaries

text: predominantly

text: dispense

text: estrogen

text: The

text: production

text: of

text: these

text: hormones

text: increases

text: gradually

text: until

text: sexual

text: maturation

text: is

text: met

text: Some

text: boys

text: may

text: develop

text: gynecomastia

text: due

text: to

text: an

text: imbalance

text: of

text: sex

text: hormones

text: tissue

text: responsiveness

text: or

text: obesity

question: Puberty causes what to happen in boys?

answer: a deeper voice and larger adam's apple

text: a deeper voice and larger adam's apple

question: What releases testosterone?

answer: The testes

text: The testes

question: What releases estrogen?

answer: the ovaries

text: the ovaries

question: What causes gynecomastia?

answer: obesity.

text: obesity.

question: What causes puberty?

answer: a surge in hormone production

text: a surge in hormone production

question: A surge in hormone production triggers a number of physical changes during what stage of life?

answer: Puberty

text: Puberty

question: Which gland secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream?

answer: pituitary

text: pituitary

question: Which part of the body releases testosterone in males?

answer: testes

text: testes

question: Which part of the body relesases estrogen in females?

answer: ovaries

text: ovaries

question: An imbalance in sex hormones, tissue responsiveness, or obesity can cause what in boys?

answer: gynecomastia

text: gynecomastia


text: About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and surrounding mountain ridges. The apparently simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles shown by such fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. In particular, their thick-walled and strongly melanized cells make them resistant to UV light. Those features can also be observed in algae and cyanobacteria, suggesting that these are adaptations to the conditions prevailing in Antarctica. This has led to speculation that, if life ever occurred on Mars, it might have looked similar to Antarctic fungi such as Cryomyces minteri. Some of these fungi are also apparently endemic to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi also include certain dung-inhabiting species which have had to evolve in response to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on dung, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals.

title: Antarctica

title: Antarctica

text: About

text: species

text: of

text: fungi

text: have

text: been

text: recorded

text: from

text: Antarctica

text: of

text: which

text: about

text: are

text: non

text: lichen

text: forming

text: and

text: are

text: lichen

text: forming

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: species

text: are

text: cryptoendoliths

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: evolution

text: under

text: extreme

text: conditions

text: and

text: have

text: significantly

text: contributed

text: to

text: shaping

text: the

text: impressive

text: rock

text: formations

text: of

text: the

text: McMurdo

text: Dry

text: Valleys

text: and

text: surrounding

text: mountain

text: ridges

text: The

text: apparently

text: simple

text: morphology

text: scarcely

text: differentiated

text: structures

text: metabolic

text: systems

text: and

text: enzymes

text: still

text: active

text: at

text: very

text: low

text: temperatures

text: and

text: reduced

text: life

text: cycles

text: shown

text: by

text: such

text: fungi

text: make

text: them

text: particularly

text: suited

text: to

text: harsh

text: environments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: McMurdo

text: Dry

text: Valleys

text: In

text: particular

text: their

text: thick

text: walled

text: and

text: strongly

text: melanized

text: cells

text: make

text: them

text: resistant

text: to

text: UV

text: light

text: Those

text: features

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: observed

text: in

text: algae

text: and

text: cyanobacteria

text: suggesting

text: that

text: these

text: are

text: adaptations

text: to

text: the

text: conditions

text: prevailing

text: in

text: Antarctica

text: This

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: speculation

text: that

text: if

text: life

text: ever

text: occurred

text: on

text: Mars

text: it

text: might

text: have

text: looked

text: similar

text: to

text: Antarctic

text: fungi

text: such

text: as

text: Cryomyces

text: minteri

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: fungi

text: are

text: also

text: apparently

text: endemic

text: to

text: Antarctica

text: Endemic

text: Antarctic

text: fungi

text: also

text: include

text: certain

text: dung

text: inhabiting

text: species

text: which

text: have

text: had

text: to

text: evolve

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: double

text: challenge

text: of

text: extreme

text: cold

text: while

text: growing

text: on

text: dung

text: and

text: the

text: need

text: to

text: survive

text: passage

text: through

text: the

text: gut

text: of

text: warm

text: blooded

text: animals

question: How many species of fungi have been found on Antarctica?

answer: 1150

question: What type of fungi help shape rock formations in Antarctica?

answer: cryptoendoliths

text: cryptoendoliths

question: How many of the extant fungi in Antarctica are lichen-forming?

answer: 400

question: What has the study of fungi in Antarctica shown about these organisms?

answer: adaptations

text: adaptations

question: How is it postulated that Mars life might have evolved?

answer: similar to Antarctic

text: similar to Antarctic


text: A fundamental problem with software testing is that testing under all combinations of inputs and preconditions (initial state) is not feasible, even with a simple product.:17-18 This means that the number of defects in a software product can be very large and defects that occur infrequently are difficult to find in testing. More significantly, non-functional dimensions of quality (how it is supposed to be versus what it is supposed to do)—usability, scalability, performance, compatibility, reliability—can be highly subjective; something that constitutes sufficient value to one person may be intolerable to another.

title: Software_testing

title: Software_testing

text: A

text: fundamental

text: problem

text: with

text: software

text: testing

text: is

text: that

text: testing

text: under

text: all

text: combinations

text: of

text: inputs

text: and

text: preconditions

text: initial

text: state

text: is

text: not

text: feasible

text: even

text: with

text: a

text: simple

text: This

text: means

text: that

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: defects

text: in

text: a

text: software

text: product

text: can

text: be

text: very

text: large

text: and

text: defects

text: that

text: occur

text: infrequently

text: are

text: difficult

text: to

text: find

text: in

text: testing

text: More

text: significantly

text: non

text: functional

text: dimensions

text: of

text: quality

text: how

text: it

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: be

text: versus

text: what

text: it

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: do)—usability

text: scalability

text: performance

text: compatibility

text: reliability

text: can

text: be

text: highly

text: subjective

text: something

text: that

text: constitutes

text: sufficient

text: value

text: to

text: one

text: person

text: may

text: be

text: intolerable

text: to

text: another

question: What is the primary issue with running software testing?

answer: testing under all combinations of inputs and preconditions (initial state) is not feasible

text: testing under all combinations of inputs and preconditions (initial state) is not feasible

question: What types of software bugs are difficult to find during testing?

answer: defects that occur infrequently

text: defects that occur infrequently

question: What other non-functional dimensions can cause software to underperform and cause other problems?

answer: usability, scalability, performance, compatibility, reliability

text: usability, scalability, performance, compatibility, reliability


text: The FBI also spied upon and collected information on Puerto Rican independence leader Pedro Albizu Campos and his Nationalist political party in the 1930s. Abizu Campos was convicted three times in connection with deadly attacks on US government officials: in 1937 (Conspiracy to overthrow the government of the United States), in 1950 (attempted murder), and in 1954 (after an armed assault on the US House of Representatives while in session; although not present, Abizu Campos was considered the mastermind). The FBI operation was covert and did not become known until U.S. Congressman Luis Gutierrez had it made public via the Freedom of Information Act in the 1980s.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: The

text: FBI

text: also

text: spied

text: upon

text: and

text: collected

text: information

text: on

text: Puerto

text: Rican

text: independence

text: leader

text: Pedro

text: Albizu

text: Campos

text: and

text: his

text: Nationalist

text: political

text: party

text: in

text: the

text: Abizu

text: Campos

text: was

text: convicted

text: three

text: times

text: in

text: connection

text: with

text: deadly

text: attacks

text: on

text: US

text: government

text: officials

text: in

text: Conspiracy

text: to

text: overthrow

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: attempted

text: murder

text: and

text: in

text: after

text: an

text: armed

text: assault

text: on

text: the

text: US

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: while

text: in

text: session

text: although

text: not

text: present

text: Abizu

text: Campos

text: was

text: considered

text: the

text: mastermind

text: The

text: FBI

text: operation

text: was

text: covert

text: and

text: did

text: not

text: become

text: known

text: until

text: U.S.

text: Congressman

text: Luis

text: Gutierrez

text: had

text: it

text: made

text: public

text: via

text: the

text: Freedom

text: of

text: Information

text: Act

text: in

text: the

question: What Puerto Rican leader did the FBI spy on?

answer: Pedro Albizu Campos

text: Pedro Albizu Campos

question: What party was Pedro Albizu Campos part of?

answer: Nationalist

text: Nationalist

question: How many times was Pedro Albizu Campos convicted of attacks on US officials?

answer: three

text: three

question: Who released the Campos operation to the public?

answer: Luis Gutierrez

text: Luis Gutierrez

question: When was the Abizu Campos operation made public?

answer: 1980s


text: In 1977, Gaddafi dissolved the Republic and created a new socialist state, the Jamahiriya ("state of the masses"). Officially adopting a symbolic role in governance, he retained power as military commander-in-chief and head of the Revolutionary Committees responsible for policing and suppressing opponents. Overseeing unsuccessful border conflicts with Egypt and Chad, Gaddafi's support for foreign militants and alleged responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing led to Libya's label of "international pariah". A particularly hostile relationship developed with the United States and United Kingdom, resulting in the 1986 U.S. bombing of Libya and United Nations-imposed economic sanctions. Rejecting his earlier ideological commitments, from 1999 Gaddafi encouraged economic privatization and sought rapprochement with Western nations, also embracing Pan-Africanism and helping to establish the African Union. Amid the Arab Spring, in 2011 an anti-Gaddafist uprising led by the National Transitional Council (NTC) broke out, resulting in the Libyan Civil War. NATO intervened militarily on the side of the NTC, bringing about the government's downfall. Retreating to Sirte, Gaddafi was captured and killed by NTC militants.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: In

text: Gaddafi

text: dissolved

text: the

text: Republic

text: and

text: created

text: a

text: new

text: socialist

text: state

text: the

text: Jamahiriya

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: masses

text: Officially

text: adopting

text: a

text: symbolic

text: role

text: in

text: governance

text: he

text: retained

text: power

text: as

text: military

text: commander

text: in

text: chief

text: and

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Revolutionary

text: Committees

text: responsible

text: for

text: policing

text: and

text: suppressing

text: opponents

text: Overseeing

text: unsuccessful

text: border

text: conflicts

text: with

text: Egypt

text: and

text: Chad

text: Gaddafi

text: 's

text: support

text: for

text: foreign

text: militants

text: and

text: alleged

text: responsibility

text: for

text: the

text: Lockerbie

text: bombing

text: led

text: to

text: Libya

text: 's

text: label

text: of

text: international

text: pariah

text: A

text: particularly

text: hostile

text: relationship

text: developed

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: bombing

text: of

text: Libya

text: and

text: United

text: Nations

text: imposed

text: economic

text: sanctions

text: Rejecting

text: his

text: earlier

text: ideological

text: commitments

text: from

text: Gaddafi

text: encouraged

text: economic

text: privatization

text: and

text: sought

text: rapprochement

text: with

text: Western

text: nations

text: also

text: embracing

text: Pan

text: Africanism

text: and

text: helping

text: to

text: establish

text: the

text: African

text: Union

text: Amid

text: the

text: Arab

text: Spring

text: in

text: an

text: anti

text: Gaddafist

text: uprising

text: led

text: by

text: the

text: National

text: Transitional

text: Council

text: NTC

text: broke

text: out

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: Libyan

text: Civil

text: War

text: NATO

text: intervened

text: militarily

text: on

text: the

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: NTC

text: bringing

text: about

text: the

text: government

text: 's

text: downfall

text: Retreating

text: to

text: Sirte

text: Gaddafi

text: was

text: captured

text: and

text: killed

text: by

text: NTC

text: militants

question: What does "Jamahiriya" mean?

answer: state of the masses

text: state of the masses

question: What was Gaddafi's role in jamahiriya?

answer: he retained power as military commander-in-chief and head of the Revolutionary Committees responsible for policing and suppressing opponents

text: he retained power as military commander-in-chief and head of the Revolutionary Committees responsible for policing and suppressing opponents

question: List two reasons why Libya become an "international pariah."

answer: Overseeing unsuccessful border conflicts with Egypt and Chad, Gaddafi's support for foreign militants and alleged responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing

text: Overseeing unsuccessful border conflicts with Egypt and Chad, Gaddafi's support for foreign militants and alleged responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing

question: Name two significant events in 1986 that demonstrated the world's view of Libya.

answer: U.S. bombing of Libya and United Nations-imposed economic sanctions

text: U.S. bombing of Libya and United Nations-imposed economic sanctions

question: How did Gaddafi lose power?

answer: uprising led by the National Transitional Council (NTC) broke out, resulting in the Libyan Civil War. NATO intervened militarily on the side of the NTC

text: uprising led by the National Transitional Council (NTC) broke out, resulting in the Libyan Civil War. NATO intervened militarily on the side of the NTC

question: What was Libya's socialist government called?

answer: Jamahiriya ("state of the masses")

text: Jamahiriya ("state of the masses")

question: Why did Libya become an "international pariah"?

answer: Gaddafi's support for foreign militants and alleged responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing

text: Gaddafi's support for foreign militants and alleged responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing

question: How did the world respond to Libya in 1986?

answer: U.S. bombing of Libya and United Nations-imposed economic sanctions.

text: U.S. bombing of Libya and United Nations-imposed economic sanctions.

question: How did Gaddafi lose power?

answer: an anti-Gaddafist uprising led by the National Transitional Council (NTC) broke out, resulting in the Libyan Civil War

text: an anti-Gaddafist uprising led by the National Transitional Council (NTC) broke out, resulting in the Libyan Civil War

question: How did Gaddafi die?

answer: Retreating to Sirte, Gaddafi was captured and killed by NTC militants.

text: Retreating to Sirte, Gaddafi was captured and killed by NTC militants.

question: What does the term Jamahiriya mean in English?

answer: state of the masses

text: state of the masses

question: In what year did Gaddafi found the Jamahiriya?

answer: 1977

question: Along with Egypt, what nation did Libya have border issues with in this era?

answer: Chad

text: Chad

question: What terrorist bombing was Gaddafi's Libya supposedly involved in?

answer: Lockerbie

text: Lockerbie

question: In what year did the United states bomb Libya?

answer: 1986


text: Although the Reformation was a religious movement, it also had a strong impact on all other aspects of life: marriage and family, education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy, and the arts. Protestant churches reject the idea of a celibate priesthood and thus allow their clergy to marry. Many of their families contributed to the development of intellectual elites in their countries. Since about 1950, women have entered the ministry, and some have assumed leading positions (e.g. bishops), in most Protestant churches.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: Although

text: the

text: Reformation

text: was

text: a

text: religious

text: movement

text: it

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: strong

text: impact

text: on

text: all

text: other

text: aspects

text: of

text: life

text: marriage

text: and

text: family

text: education

text: the

text: humanities

text: and

text: sciences

text: the

text: political

text: and

text: social

text: order

text: the

text: economy

text: and

text: the

text: arts

text: Protestant

text: churches

text: reject

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: a

text: celibate

text: priesthood

text: and

text: thus

text: allow

text: their

text: clergy

text: to

text: marry

text: Many

text: of

text: their

text: families

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: intellectual

text: elites

text: in

text: their

text: countries

text: Since

text: about

text: women

text: have

text: entered

text: the

text: ministry

text: and

text: some

text: have

text: assumed

text: leading

text: positions

text: e.g.

text: bishops

text: in

text: most

text: Protestant

text: churches

question: What religious movement affected education, politics, the economy, and marriage?

answer: the Reformation

text: the Reformation

question: What churches let their clergy marry?

answer: Protestant

text: Protestant

question: When did women join the Protestant ministry?

answer: 1950

question: What types of churches have women had leading positions?

answer: Protestant

text: Protestant

question: What priesthood rules do Protestant churches reject?

answer: celibate

text: celibate


text: It is a fully developed legal system, with all the necessary elements: courts, lawyers, judges, a fully articulated legal code principles of legal interpretation, and coercive penalties, though it lacks civilly-binding force in most secular jurisdictions. The academic degrees in canon law are the J.C.B. (Juris Canonici Baccalaureatus, Bachelor of Canon Law, normally taken as a graduate degree), J.C.L. (Juris Canonici Licentiatus, Licentiate of Canon Law) and the J.C.D. (Juris Canonici Doctor, Doctor of Canon Law). Because of its specialized nature, advanced degrees in civil law or theology are normal prerequisites for the study of canon law.

title: Canon_law

title: Canon_law

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: fully

text: developed

text: legal

text: system

text: with

text: all

text: the

text: necessary

text: elements

text: courts

text: lawyers

text: judges

text: a

text: fully

text: articulated

text: legal

text: code

text: principles

text: of

text: legal

text: interpretation

text: and

text: coercive

text: penalties

text: though

text: it

text: lacks

text: civilly

text: binding

text: force

text: in

text: most

text: secular

text: jurisdictions

text: The

text: academic

text: degrees

text: in

text: canon

text: law

text: are

text: the

text: J.C.B.

text: Juris

text: Canonici

text: Baccalaureatus

text: Bachelor

text: of

text: Canon

text: Law

text: normally

text: taken

text: as

text: a

text: graduate

text: degree

text: J.C.L.

text: Juris

text: Canonici

text: Licentiatus

text: Licentiate

text: of

text: Canon

text: Law

text: and

text: the

text: J.C.D.

text: Juris

text: Canonici

text: Doctor

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Canon

text: Law

text: Because

text: of

text: its

text: specialized

text: nature

text: advanced

text: degrees

text: in

text: civil

text: law

text: or

text: theology

text: are

text: normal

text: prerequisites

text: for

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: canon

text: law

question: What profesional roles from secular law does the Catholic Church also employ?

answer: lawyers, judges

text: lawyers, judges

question: What is not present in the Catholic legal system as compared with non-religious law?

answer: civilly-binding force

text: civilly-binding force

question: What does J.C.B. stand for?

answer: Juris Canonici Baccalaureatus

text: Juris Canonici Baccalaureatus

question: What is the English equivalent of the term abbreviated by J.C.B.?

answer: Bachelor of Canon Law

text: Bachelor of Canon Law

question: What is the Latin term for Licentiate of Canon Law?

answer: Juris Canonici Licentiatus

text: Juris Canonici Licentiatus


text: One of Hyderabad's earliest newspapers, The Deccan Times, was established in the 1780s. In modern times, the major Telugu dailies published in Hyderabad are Eenadu, Andhra Jyothy, Sakshi and Namaste Telangana, while the major English papers are The Times of India, The Hindu and The Deccan Chronicle. The major Urdu papers include The Siasat Daily, The Munsif Daily and Etemaad. Many coffee table magazines, professional magazines and research journals are also regularly published. The Secunderabad Cantonment Board established the first radio station in Hyderabad State around 1919. Deccan Radio was the first radio public broadcast station in the city starting on 3 February 1935, with FM broadcasting beginning in 2000. The available channels in Hyderabad include All India Radio, Radio Mirchi, Radio City, Red FM and Big FM.

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: One

text: of

text: Hyderabad

text: 's

text: earliest

text: newspapers

text: The

text: Deccan

text: Times

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: In

text: modern

text: times

text: the

text: major

text: Telugu

text: dailies

text: published

text: in

text: Hyderabad

text: are

text: Eenadu

text: Andhra

text: Jyothy

text: Sakshi

text: and

text: Namaste

text: Telangana

text: while

text: the

text: major

text: English

text: papers

text: are

text: The

text: Times

text: of

text: India

text: The

text: Hindu

text: and

text: The

text: Deccan

text: Chronicle

text: The

text: major

text: Urdu

text: papers

text: include

text: The

text: Siasat

text: Daily

text: The

text: Munsif

text: Daily

text: and

text: Etemaad

text: Many

text: coffee

text: table

text: magazines

text: professional

text: magazines

text: and

text: research

text: journals

text: are

text: also

text: regularly

text: published

text: The

text: Secunderabad

text: Cantonment

text: Board

text: established

text: the

text: first

text: radio

text: station

text: in

text: Hyderabad

text: State

text: around

text: Deccan

text: Radio

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: radio

text: public

text: broadcast

text: station

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: starting

text: on

text: February

text: with

text: FM

text: broadcasting

text: beginning

text: in

text: The

text: available

text: channels

text: in

text: Hyderabad

text: include

text: All

text: India

text: Radio

text: Radio

text: Mirchi

text: Radio

text: City

text: Red

text: FM

text: and

text: Big

text: FM

question: When was The Deccan Times founded?

answer: the 1780s

text: the 1780s

question: What is The Deccan Chronicle?

answer: major English papers

text: major English papers

question: What type of paper is The Siasat Daily?

answer: major Urdu papers

text: major Urdu papers

question: What year was the first radio station in Hyderabad formed?

answer: around 1919

text: around 1919

question: On what date did the first public radio station in Hyderabad begin broadcasting?

answer: starting on 3 February 1935

text: starting on 3 February 1935


text: The modern Greek theatre was born after the Greek independence, in the early 19th century, and initially was influenced by the Heptanesean theatre and melodrama, such as the Italian opera. The Nobile Teatro di San Giacomo di Corfù was the first theatre and opera house of modern Greece and the place where the first Greek opera, Spyridon Xyndas' The Parliamentary Candidate (based on an exclusively Greek libretto) was performed. During the late 19th and early 20th century, the Athenian theatre scene was dominated by revues, musical comedies, operettas and nocturnes and notable playwrights included Spyridon Samaras, Dionysios Lavrangas, Theophrastos Sakellaridis and others.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: The

text: modern

text: Greek

text: theatre

text: was

text: born

text: after

text: the

text: Greek

text: independence

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: and

text: initially

text: was

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: Heptanesean

text: theatre

text: and

text: melodrama

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Italian

text: opera

text: The

text: Nobile

text: Teatro

text: di

text: San

text: Giacomo

text: di

text: Corfù

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: theatre

text: and

text: opera

text: house

text: of

text: modern

text: Greece

text: and

text: the

text: place

text: where

text: the

text: first

text: Greek

text: opera

text: Spyridon

text: Xyndas

text: The

text: Parliamentary

text: Candidate

text: based

text: on

text: an

text: exclusively

text: Greek

text: libretto

text: was

text: performed

text: During

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: century

text: the

text: Athenian

text: theatre

text: scene

text: was

text: dominated

text: by

text: revues

text: musical

text: comedies

text: operettas

text: and

text: nocturnes

text: and

text: notable

text: playwrights

text: included

text: Spyridon

text: Samaras

text: Dionysios

text: Lavrangas

text: Theophrastos

text: Sakellaridis

text: and

text: others

question: Modern Greek theater began when?

answer: early 19th century

text: early 19th century

question: Modern Greek theater was influenced by what?

answer: Heptanesean theatre and melodrama

text: Heptanesean theatre and melodrama

question: What was the first theater of modern Greece?

answer: Nobile Teatro di San Giacomo di Corfù

text: Nobile Teatro di San Giacomo di Corfù

question: What was the first Greek opera?

answer: The Parliamentary Candidate

text: The Parliamentary Candidate

question: Who created the first opera, The Parliamentary Candidate?

answer: Spyridon Xyndas

text: Spyridon Xyndas


text: The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edward III, Henry VII and his queen, Elizabeth of York, Charles II, William III, Mary II and Queen Anne.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: The

text: exhibits

text: include

text: a

text: collection

text: of

text: royal

text: and

text: other

text: funeral

text: effigies

text: funeral

text: saddle

text: helm

text: and

text: shield

text: of

text: Henry

text: V

text: together

text: with

text: other

text: treasures

text: including

text: some

text: panels

text: of

text: mediaeval

text: glass

text: century

text: sculpture

text: fragments

text: Mary

text: II

text: 's

text: coronation

text: chair

text: and

text: replicas

text: of

text: the

text: coronation

text: regalia

text: and

text: historic

text: effigies

text: of

text: Edward

text: III

text: Henry

text: VII

text: and

text: his

text: queen

text: Elizabeth

text: of

text: York

text: Charles

text: II

text: William

text: III

text: Mary

text: II

text: and

text: Queen

text: Anne

question: What belonging to Henry V is in the museum?

answer: funeral saddle, helm and shield

text: funeral saddle, helm and shield

question: What kind of panels are in the museum?

answer: panels of mediaeval glass

text: panels of mediaeval glass


text: In June 2009, many of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed an EC-sponsored Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), agreeing to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply (EPS). The EU's common EPS specification (EN 62684:2010) references the USB Battery Charging standard and is similar to the GSMA/OMTP and Chinese charging solutions. In January 2011, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) released its version of the (EU's) common EPS standard as IEC 62684:2011.

title: USB

title: USB

text: In

text: June

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: mobile

text: phone

text: manufacturers

text: signed

text: an

text: EC

text: sponsored

text: Memorandum

text: of

text: Understanding

text: MoU

text: agreeing

text: to

text: make

text: most

text: data

text: enabled

text: mobile

text: phones

text: marketed

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: compatible

text: with

text: a

text: common

text: External

text: Power

text: Supply

text: EPS

text: The

text: EU

text: 's

text: common

text: EPS

text: specification

text: EN

text: references

text: the

text: USB

text: Battery

text: Charging

text: standard

text: and

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: GSMA

text: OMTP

text: and

text: Chinese

text: charging

text: solutions

text: In

text: January

text: the

text: International

text: Electrotechnical

text: Commission

text: IEC

text: released

text: its

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: EU

text: 's

text: common

text: EPS

text: standard

text: as

text: IEC

question: When did many of the largest mobile phone manufacturers sign an EC-sponsored MoU?

answer: June 2009

text: June 2009

question: What did the MoU make the manufacturers agree to do?

answer: to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply

text: to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply

question: When did the IEC release its version of the common EPS standard as IEC 62684:2011?

answer: January 2011

text: January 2011


text: In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply views communication as a means of sending and receiving information. The strengths of this model are simplicity, generality, and quantifiability. Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver structured this model based on the following elements:

title: Communication

title: Communication

text: In

text: a

text: simple

text: model

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: transmission

text: model

text: or

text: standard

text: view

text: of

text: communication

text: information

text: or

text: content

text: e.g.

text: a

text: message

text: in

text: natural

text: language

text: is

text: sent

text: in

text: some

text: form

text: as

text: spoken

text: language

text: from

text: an

text: emisor/

text: sender/

text: encoder

text: to

text: a

text: destination/

text: receiver/

text: decoder

text: This

text: common

text: conception

text: of

text: communication

text: simply

text: views

text: communication

text: as

text: a

text: means

text: of

text: sending

text: and

text: receiving

text: information

text: The

text: strengths

text: of

text: this

text: model

text: are

text: simplicity

text: generality

text: and

text: quantifiability

text: Claude

text: Shannon

text: and

text: Warren

text: Weaver

text: structured

text: this

text: model

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: following

text: elements

question: A simple model is also referred to as what?

answer: transmission model

text: transmission model

question: What kind of message is sent in a simple model?

answer: a message in natural language

text: a message in natural language

question: In what form is the information or content sent in a simple model?

answer: spoken language

text: spoken language

question: How is information sent through a simple model?

answer: from an emisor/ sender/ encoder

text: from an emisor/ sender/ encoder

question: What are the strengths of the simple model?

answer: simplicity, generality, and quantifiability

text: simplicity, generality, and quantifiability


text: Although the number of base-pairs of DNA in the human genome has been known since the 1960s, the estimated number of genes has changed over time as definitions of genes, and methods of detecting them have been refined. Initial theoretical predictions of the number of human genes were as high as 2,000,000. Early experimental measures indicated there to be 50,000–100,000 transcribed genes (expressed sequence tags). Subsequently, the sequencing in the Human Genome Project indicated that many of these transcripts were alternative variants of the same genes, and the total number of protein-coding genes was revised down to ~20,000 with 13 genes encoded on the mitochondrial genome. Of the human genome, only 1–2% consists of protein-coding genes, with the remainder being 'noncoding' DNA such as introns, retrotransposons, and noncoding RNAs.

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: Although

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: base

text: pairs

text: of

text: DNA

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: genome

text: has

text: been

text: known

text: since

text: the

text: the

text: estimated

text: number

text: of

text: genes

text: has

text: changed

text: over

text: time

text: as

text: definitions

text: of

text: genes

text: and

text: methods

text: of

text: detecting

text: them

text: have

text: been

text: refined

text: Initial

text: theoretical

text: predictions

text: of

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: human

text: genes

text: were

text: as

text: high

text: as

text: Early

text: experimental

text: measures

text: indicated

text: there

text: to

text: be

text: transcribed

text: genes

text: expressed

text: sequence

text: tags

text: Subsequently

text: the

text: sequencing

text: in

text: the

text: Human

text: Genome

text: Project

text: indicated

text: that

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: transcripts

text: were

text: alternative

text: variants

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: genes

text: and

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: protein

text: coding

text: genes

text: was

text: revised

text: down

text: to

text: with

text: genes

text: encoded

text: on

text: the

text: mitochondrial

text: genome

text: Of

text: the

text: human

text: genome

text: only

text: consists

text: of

text: protein

text: coding

text: genes

text: with

text: the

text: remainder

text: being

text: noncoding

text: DNA

text: such

text: as

text: introns

text: retrotransposons

text: and

text: noncoding

text: RNAs

question: Since when has the number of base pairs of DNA in the human genome been known?

answer: the 1960s

text: the 1960s

question: What was the highest initial theoretical prediction of the number of human genes?

answer: 2,000,000

question: What sort of variants did the Human Genome Project indicate that many of the measured transcripts were?

answer: alternative variants

text: alternative variants

question: After the Human Genome Project, how many genes were encoded on the mitochondrial genome?

answer: 13

question: What percentage of the human genome consists of protein coding genes?

answer: 1–2%


text: The region's economy greatly depends on agriculture; rice and rubber have long been prominent exports. Manufacturing and services are becoming more important. An emerging market, Indonesia is the largest economy in this region. Newly industrialised countries include Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines, while Singapore and Brunei are affluent developed economies. The rest of Southeast Asia is still heavily dependent on agriculture, but Vietnam is notably making steady progress in developing its industrial sectors. The region notably manufactures textiles, electronic high-tech goods such as microprocessors and heavy industrial products such as automobiles. Oil reserves in Southeast Asia are plentiful.

title: Southeast_Asia

title: Southeast_Asia

text: The

text: region

text: 's

text: economy

text: greatly

text: depends

text: on

text: agriculture

text: rice

text: and

text: rubber

text: have

text: long

text: been

text: prominent

text: exports

text: Manufacturing

text: and

text: services

text: are

text: becoming

text: more

text: important

text: An

text: emerging

text: market

text: Indonesia

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: economy

text: in

text: this

text: region

text: Newly

text: industrialised

text: countries

text: include

text: Indonesia

text: Malaysia

text: Thailand

text: and

text: the

text: Philippines

text: while

text: Singapore

text: and

text: Brunei

text: are

text: affluent

text: developed

text: economies

text: The

text: rest

text: of

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: is

text: still

text: heavily

text: dependent

text: on

text: agriculture

text: but

text: Vietnam

text: is

text: notably

text: making

text: steady

text: progress

text: in

text: developing

text: its

text: industrial

text: sectors

text: The

text: region

text: notably

text: manufactures

text: textiles

text: electronic

text: high

text: tech

text: goods

text: such

text: as

text: microprocessors

text: and

text: heavy

text: industrial

text: products

text: such

text: as

text: automobiles

text: Oil

text: reserves

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: are

text: plentiful

question: What reserves are abundant in Southeast Asia?

answer: Oil reserves

text: Oil reserves

question: Which region manufactures textiles, heavy industrial products & high-tech electronic goods?

answer: Vietnam

text: Vietnam

question: Of the Southeast Asian countries, which country has  the largest economy?

answer: Indonesia

text: Indonesia

question: Which sector is the Southeast Asia heavily dependent on?

answer: agriculture

text: agriculture


text: Melbourne has the largest tram network in the world which had its origins in the city's 1880s land boom. In 2013–2014, 176.9 million passenger trips were made by tram. Melbourne's is Australia's only tram network to comprise more than a single line and consists of 250 km (155.3 mi) of track, 487 trams, 25 routes, and 1,763 tram stops. Around 80 per cent of Melbourne's tram network shares road space with other vehicles, while the rest of the network is separated or are light rail routes. Melbourne's trams are recognised as iconic cultural assets and a tourist attraction. Heritage trams operate on the free City Circle route, intended for visitors to Melbourne, and heritage restaurant trams travel through the city and surrounding areas during the evening. Melbourne is currently building 50 new E Class trams with some already in service in 2014. The E Class trams are about 30 metres long and are superior to the C2 class tram of similar length. Melbourne's bus network consists of almost 300 routes which mainly service the outer suburbs and fill the gaps in the network between rail and tram services. 127.6 million passenger trips were recorded on Melbourne's buses in 2013–2014, an increase of 10.2 percent on the previous year.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: tram

text: network

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: which

text: had

text: its

text: origins

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: land

text: boom

text: In

text: million

text: passenger

text: trips

text: were

text: made

text: by

text: tram

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: is

text: Australia

text: 's

text: only

text: tram

text: network

text: to

text: comprise

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: single

text: line

text: and

text: consists

text: of

text: km

text: mi

text: of

text: track

text: trams

text: routes

text: and

text: tram

text: stops

text: Around

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: tram

text: network

text: shares

text: road

text: space

text: with

text: other

text: vehicles

text: while

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: network

text: is

text: separated

text: or

text: are

text: light

text: rail

text: routes

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: trams

text: are

text: recognised

text: as

text: iconic

text: cultural

text: assets

text: and

text: a

text: tourist

text: attraction

text: Heritage

text: trams

text: operate

text: on

text: the

text: free

text: City

text: Circle

text: route

text: intended

text: for

text: visitors

text: to

text: Melbourne

text: and

text: heritage

text: restaurant

text: trams

text: travel

text: through

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: surrounding

text: areas

text: during

text: the

text: evening

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: currently

text: building

text: new

text: E

text: Class

text: trams

text: with

text: some

text: already

text: in

text: service

text: in

text: The

text: E

text: Class

text: trams

text: are

text: about

text: metres

text: long

text: and

text: are

text: superior

text: to

text: the

text: class

text: tram

text: of

text: similar

text: length

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: bus

text: network

text: consists

text: of

text: almost

text: routes

text: which

text: mainly

text: service

text: the

text: outer

text: suburbs

text: and

text: fill

text: the

text: gaps

text: in

text: the

text: network

text: between

text: rail

text: and

text: tram

text: services

text: million

text: passenger

text: trips

text: were

text: recorded

text: on

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: buses

text: in

text: an

text: increase

text: of

text: percent

text: on

text: the

text: previous

text: year

question: What are the origins of Melbourne's tram network?

answer: the city's 1880s land boom

text: the city's 1880s land boom

question: How many passenger trips were made by tram in Melbourne between 2013-2014?

answer: 176.9 million

text: 176.9 million

question: How many tram stops are on Melbourne's tram network?

answer: 1,763

question: How many routes does Melbourne's bus network consist of?

answer: almost 300

text: almost 300

question: How many passenger trips were recorded on Melbourne's buses in 2013-2014

answer: 127.6 million

text: 127.6 million


text: According to the tradition, Virgil traveled to Greece in about 19 BC to revise the Aeneid. After meeting Augustus in Athens and deciding to return home, Virgil caught a fever while visiting a town near Megara. After crossing to Italy by ship, weakened with disease, Virgil died in Brundisium harbor on September 21, 19 BC. Augustus ordered Virgil's literary executors, Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca, to disregard Virgil's own wish that the poem be burned, instead ordering it published with as few editorial changes as possible. As a result, the text of the Aeneid that exists may contain faults which Virgil was planning to correct before publication. However, the only obvious imperfections are a few lines of verse that are metrically unfinished (i.e. not a complete line of dactylic hexameter). Some scholars have argued that Virgil deliberately left these metrically incomplete lines for dramatic effect. Other alleged imperfections are subject to scholarly debate.

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: tradition

text: Virgil

text: traveled

text: to

text: Greece

text: in

text: about

text: BC

text: to

text: revise

text: the

text: Aeneid

text: After

text: meeting

text: Augustus

text: in

text: Athens

text: and

text: deciding

text: to

text: return

text: home

text: Virgil

text: caught

text: a

text: fever

text: while

text: visiting

text: a

text: town

text: near

text: Megara

text: After

text: crossing

text: to

text: Italy

text: by

text: ship

text: weakened

text: with

text: disease

text: Virgil

text: died

text: in

text: Brundisium

text: harbor

text: on

text: September

text: BC

text: Augustus

text: ordered

text: Virgil

text: 's

text: literary

text: executors

text: Lucius

text: Varius

text: Rufus

text: and

text: Plotius

text: Tucca

text: to

text: disregard

text: Virgil

text: 's

text: own

text: wish

text: that

text: the

text: poem

text: be

text: burned

text: instead

text: ordering

text: it

text: published

text: with

text: as

text: few

text: editorial

text: changes

text: as

text: possible

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: text

text: of

text: the

text: Aeneid

text: that

text: exists

text: may

text: contain

text: faults

text: which

text: Virgil

text: was

text: planning

text: to

text: correct

text: before

text: publication

text: However

text: the

text: only

text: obvious

text: imperfections

text: are

text: a

text: few

text: lines

text: of

text: verse

text: that

text: are

text: metrically

text: unfinished

text: i.e.

text: not

text: a

text: complete

text: line

text: of

text: dactylic

text: hexameter

text: Some

text: scholars

text: have

text: argued

text: that

text: Virgil

text: deliberately

text: left

text: these

text: metrically

text: incomplete

text: lines

text: for

text: dramatic

text: effect

text: Other

text: alleged

text: imperfections

text: are

text: subject

text: to

text: scholarly

text: debate

question: According to tradition, where did Virgil travel in 19 BC to revise the Aeneid?

answer: Greece

text: Greece

question: Where did Virgil die?

answer: Brundisium harbor

text: Brundisium harbor

question: What date did Virgil die?

answer: September 21, 19 BC

text: September 21, 19 BC

question: Who were Virgil's literary executors?

answer: Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca

text: Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca

question: What wish of Virgil's did Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca disregard?

answer: the poem be burned

text: the poem be burned


text: The Russians sent a fleet to Sinop in northern Anatolia. In the Battle of Sinop on 30 November 1853 they destroyed a patrol squadron of Ottoman frigates and corvettes while they were anchored in port. Public opinion in the UK and France was outraged and demanded war. Sinop provided the United Kingdom and France with the casus belli ("cause for war") for declaring war against Russia. On 28 March 1854, after Russia ignored an Anglo-French ultimatum to withdraw from the Danubian Principalities, the UK and France formally declared war.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: The

text: Russians

text: sent

text: a

text: fleet

text: to

text: Sinop

text: in

text: northern

text: Anatolia

text: In

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Sinop

text: on

text: November

text: they

text: destroyed

text: a

text: patrol

text: squadron

text: of

text: Ottoman

text: frigates

text: and

text: corvettes

text: while

text: they

text: were

text: anchored

text: in

text: port

text: Public

text: opinion

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: France

text: was

text: outraged

text: and

text: demanded

text: war

text: Sinop

text: provided

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: France

text: with

text: the

text: casus

text: belli

text: cause

text: for

text: war

text: for

text: declaring

text: war

text: against

text: Russia

text: On

text: March

text: after

text: Russia

text: ignored

text: an

text: Anglo

text: French

text: ultimatum

text: to

text: withdraw

text: from

text: the

text: Danubian

text: Principalities

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: France

text: formally

text: declared

text: war

question: What battle took place on November 30, 1853?

answer: Battle of Sinop

text: Battle of Sinop

question: What did the Russian send to Sinop?

answer: a fleet

text: a fleet

question: While anchored in the port, what did the Russians destroy?

answer: a patrol squadron of Ottoman frigates and corvettes

text: a patrol squadron of Ottoman frigates and corvettes

question: What did Battle of Sinop provide for France and the U.K?

answer: cause for war

text: cause for war

question: When did the Russia disregard the ultimatum to leave the Danubian Principalities?

answer: 28 March 1854

text: 28 March 1854


text: Schwarzenegger admitted that he has "behaved badly sometimes" and apologized, but also stated that "a lot of [what] you see in the stories is not true". This came after an interview in adult magazine Oui from 1977 surfaced, in which Schwarzenegger discussed attending sexual orgies and using substances such as marijuana. Schwarzenegger is shown smoking a marijuana joint after winning Mr. Olympia in the 1975 documentary film Pumping Iron. In an interview with GQ magazine in October 2007, Schwarzenegger said, "[Marijuana] is not a drug. It's a leaf. My drug was pumping iron, trust me." His spokesperson later said the comment was meant to be a joke.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Schwarzenegger

text: admitted

text: that

text: he

text: has

text: behaved

text: badly

text: sometimes

text: and

text: apologized

text: but

text: also

text: stated

text: that

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: what

text: you

text: see

text: in

text: the

text: stories

text: is

text: not

text: true

text: This

text: came

text: after

text: an

text: interview

text: in

text: adult

text: magazine

text: Oui

text: from

text: surfaced

text: in

text: which

text: Schwarzenegger

text: discussed

text: attending

text: sexual

text: orgies

text: and

text: using

text: substances

text: such

text: as

text: marijuana

text: Schwarzenegger

text: is

text: shown

text: smoking

text: a

text: marijuana

text: joint

text: after

text: winning

text: Mr.

text: Olympia

text: in

text: the

text: documentary

text: film

text: Pumping

text: Iron

text: In

text: an

text: interview

text: with

text: GQ

text: magazine

text: in

text: October

text: Schwarzenegger

text: said

text: Marijuana

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: drug

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: leaf

text: My

text: drug

text: was

text: pumping

text: iron

text: trust

text: me

text: His

text: spokesperson

text: later

text: said

text: the

text: comment

text: was

text: meant

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: joke

question: What magazine published an interview quoting Schwarzenegger calling marijuana a "leaf"?

answer: GQ

text: GQ

question: What drug does the documentary Pumping Iron show Schwarzenegger using?

answer: marijuana

text: marijuana


text: The common features of passive solar architecture are orientation relative to the Sun, compact proportion (a low surface area to volume ratio), selective shading (overhangs) and thermal mass. When these features are tailored to the local climate and environment they can produce well-lit spaces that stay in a comfortable temperature range. Socrates' Megaron House is a classic example of passive solar design. The most recent approaches to solar design use computer modeling tying together solar lighting, heating and ventilation systems in an integrated solar design package. Active solar equipment such as pumps, fans and switchable windows can complement passive design and improve system performance.

title: Solar_energy

title: Solar_energy

text: The

text: common

text: features

text: of

text: passive

text: solar

text: architecture

text: are

text: orientation

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: Sun

text: compact

text: proportion

text: a

text: low

text: surface

text: area

text: to

text: volume

text: ratio

text: selective

text: shading

text: overhangs

text: and

text: thermal

text: mass

text: When

text: these

text: features

text: are

text: tailored

text: to

text: the

text: local

text: climate

text: and

text: environment

text: they

text: can

text: produce

text: well

text: lit

text: spaces

text: that

text: stay

text: in

text: a

text: comfortable

text: temperature

text: range

text: Socrates

text: Megaron

text: House

text: is

text: a

text: classic

text: example

text: of

text: passive

text: solar

text: design

text: The

text: most

text: recent

text: approaches

text: to

text: solar

text: design

text: use

text: computer

text: modeling

text: tying

text: together

text: solar

text: lighting

text: heating

text: and

text: ventilation

text: systems

text: in

text: an

text: integrated

text: solar

text: design

text: package

text: Active

text: solar

text: equipment

text: such

text: as

text: pumps

text: fans

text: and

text: switchable

text: windows

text: can

text: complement

text: passive

text: design

text: and

text: improve

text: system

text: performance

question: Socrate's what is a classic example of passive solar design?

answer: Megaron House

text: Megaron House

question: What is a common feature of passive solar architecture?

answer: orientation relative to the Sun

text: orientation relative to the Sun

question: What is produced when the features of passive solar architecture are customized to the environment?

answer: well-lit spaces that stay in a comfortable temperature range

text: well-lit spaces that stay in a comfortable temperature range

question: What is an example of passive solar design?

answer: Socrates' Megaron House

text: Socrates' Megaron House

question: What kind of equipment can improve system performance?

answer: pumps, fans and switchable windows

text: pumps, fans and switchable windows


text: Mary's special position within God's purpose of salvation as "God-bearer" (Theotokos) is recognised in a number of ways by some Anglican Christians. All the member churches of the Anglican Communion affirm in the historic creeds that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary, and celebrates the feast days of the Presentation of Christ in the Temple. This feast is called in older prayer books the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary on February 2. The Annunciation of our Lord to the Blessed Virgin on March 25 was from before the time of Bede until the 18th century New Year's Day in England. The Annunciation is called the "Annunciation of our Lady" in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer. Anglicans also celebrate in the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin on 31 May, though in some provinces the traditional date of July 2 is kept. The feast of the St. Mary the Virgin is observed on the traditional day of the Assumption, August 15. The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin is kept on September 8.

title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)

title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus

text: Mary

text: 's

text: special

text: position

text: within

text: God

text: 's

text: purpose

text: of

text: salvation

text: as

text: God

text: bearer

text: Theotokos

text: is

text: recognised

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: ways

text: by

text: some

text: Anglican

text: Christians

text: All

text: the

text: member

text: churches

text: of

text: the

text: Anglican

text: Communion

text: affirm

text: in

text: the

text: historic

text: creeds

text: that

text: Jesus

text: was

text: born

text: of

text: the

text: Virgin

text: Mary

text: and

text: celebrates

text: the

text: feast

text: days

text: of

text: the

text: Presentation

text: of

text: Christ

text: in

text: the

text: Temple

text: This

text: feast

text: is

text: called

text: in

text: older

text: prayer

text: books

text: the

text: Purification

text: of

text: the

text: Blessed

text: Virgin

text: Mary

text: on

text: February

text: The

text: Annunciation

text: of

text: our

text: Lord

text: to

text: the

text: Blessed

text: Virgin

text: on

text: March

text: was

text: from

text: before

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: Bede

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: New

text: Year

text: 's

text: Day

text: in

text: England

text: The

text: Annunciation

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: Annunciation

text: of

text: our

text: Lady

text: in

text: the

text: Book

text: of

text: Common

text: Prayer

text: Anglicans

text: also

text: celebrate

text: in

text: the

text: Visitation

text: of

text: the

text: Blessed

text: Virgin

text: on

text: May

text: though

text: in

text: some

text: provinces

text: the

text: traditional

text: date

text: of

text: July

text: is

text: kept

text: The

text: feast

text: of

text: the

text: St.

text: Mary

text: the

text: Virgin

text: is

text: observed

text: on

text: the

text: traditional

text: day

text: of

text: the

text: Assumption

text: August

text: The

text: Nativity

text: of

text: the

text: Blessed

text: Virgin

text: is

text: kept

text: on

text: September

question: What is the name given to the Annunciation in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer?

answer: Annunciation of our Lady

text: Annunciation of our Lady

question: On what date do most Anglicans celebrate the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin?

answer: 31 May

text: 31 May

question: What is another name for the feast of the Presentation of Christ in the Temple in the Anglican Communion?

answer: the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary

text: the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary

question: On what date is the Presentation of Christ in the Temple celebrated by Anglicans?

answer: February 2

text: February 2

question: On what day was the Annunciation tradtionally celebrated in England until the 18th century?

answer: New Year's Day

text: New Year's Day


text: Many newer control systems are using wireless mesh open standards (such as ZigBee), which provides benefits including easier installation (no need to run control wires) and interoperability with other standards-based building control systems (e.g. security).

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: Many

text: newer

text: control

text: systems

text: are

text: using

text: wireless

text: mesh

text: open

text: standards

text: such

text: as

text: ZigBee

text: which

text: provides

text: benefits

text: including

text: easier

text: installation

text: no

text: need

text: to

text: run

text: control

text: wires

text: and

text: interoperability

text: with

text: other

text: standards

text: based

text: building

text: control

text: systems

text: e.g.

text: security

question: What type of standard do newer control systems use?

answer: wireless mesh open standards

text: wireless mesh open standards

question: What is the name of one type of control system used?

answer: ZigBee

text: ZigBee

question: Does a wireless mesh open standard make installation harder?

answer: no

text: no


text: Unlike other data cables (e.g., Ethernet, HDMI), each end of a USB cable uses a different kind of connector; a Type-A or a Type-B. This kind of design was chosen to prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment, as only the Type-A socket provides power. There are cables with Type-A connectors on both ends, but they should be used carefully. Therefore, in general, each of the different "sizes" requires four different connectors; USB cables have the Type-A and Type-B plugs, and the corresponding receptacles are on the computer or electronic device. In common practice, the Type-A connector is usually the full size, and the Type-B side can vary as needed.

title: USB

title: USB

text: Unlike

text: other

text: data

text: cables

text: e.g.

text: Ethernet

text: HDMI

text: each

text: end

text: of

text: a

text: USB

text: cable

text: uses

text: a

text: different

text: kind

text: of

text: connector

text: a

text: Type

text: A

text: or

text: a

text: Type

text: B.

text: This

text: kind

text: of

text: design

text: was

text: chosen

text: to

text: prevent

text: electrical

text: overloads

text: and

text: damaged

text: equipment

text: as

text: only

text: the

text: Type

text: A

text: socket

text: provides

text: power

text: There

text: are

text: cables

text: with

text: Type

text: A

text: connectors

text: on

text: both

text: ends

text: but

text: they

text: should

text: be

text: used

text: carefully

text: Therefore

text: in

text: general

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: different

text: sizes

text: requires

text: four

text: different

text: connectors

text: USB

text: cables

text: have

text: the

text: Type

text: A

text: and

text: Type

text: B

text: plugs

text: and

text: the

text: corresponding

text: receptacles

text: are

text: on

text: the

text: computer

text: or

text: electronic

text: device

text: In

text: common

text: practice

text: the

text: Type

text: A

text: connector

text: is

text: usually

text: the

text: full

text: size

text: and

text: the

text: Type

text: B

text: side

text: can

text: vary

text: as

text: needed

question: What are the different kinds of USB connectors?

answer: Type-A or a Type-B

text: Type-A or a Type-B

question: Why were the designs for different USB connectors made?

answer: to prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment

text: to prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment

question: The Type-A connector is usually what size?

answer: the Type-A connector is usually the full size

text: the Type-A connector is usually the full size

question: What size is the Type-B connector?

answer: the Type-B side can vary as needed

text: the Type-B side can vary as needed


text: Some dog breeds have acquired traits through selective breeding that interfere with reproduction. Male French Bulldogs, for instance, are incapable of mounting the female. For many dogs of this breed, the female must be artificially inseminated in order to reproduce.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Some

text: dog

text: breeds

text: have

text: acquired

text: traits

text: through

text: selective

text: breeding

text: that

text: interfere

text: with

text: reproduction

text: Male

text: French

text: Bulldogs

text: for

text: instance

text: are

text: incapable

text: of

text: mounting

text: the

text: female

text: For

text: many

text: dogs

text: of

text: this

text: breed

text: the

text: female

text: must

text: be

text: artificially

text: inseminated

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: reproduce

question: Which dog is not able to mount a female dog?

answer: Male French Bulldogs

text: Male French Bulldogs


text: Not all reviewers were enthusiastic. Some lamented the use of poor white Southerners, and one-dimensional black victims, and Granville Hicks labeled the book "melodramatic and contrived". When the book was first released, Southern writer Flannery O'Connor commented, "I think for a child's book it does all right. It's interesting that all the folks that are buying it don't know they're reading a child's book. Somebody ought to say what it is." Carson McCullers apparently agreed with the Time magazine review, writing to a cousin: "Well, honey, one thing we know is that she's been poaching on my literary preserves."

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

text: Not

text: all

text: reviewers

text: were

text: enthusiastic

text: Some

text: lamented

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: poor

text: white

text: Southerners

text: and

text: one

text: dimensional

text: black

text: victims

text: and

text: Granville

text: Hicks

text: labeled

text: the

text: book

text: melodramatic

text: and

text: contrived

text: When

text: the

text: book

text: was

text: first

text: released

text: Southern

text: writer

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: commented

text: I

text: think

text: for

text: a

text: child

text: 's

text: book

text: it

text: does

text: all

text: right

text: It

text: 's

text: interesting

text: that

text: all

text: the

text: folks

text: that

text: are

text: buying

text: it

text: do

text: n't

text: know

text: they

text: 're

text: reading

text: a

text: child

text: 's

text: book

text: Somebody

text: ought

text: to

text: say

text: what

text: it

text: is

text: Carson

text: McCullers

text: apparently

text: agreed

text: with

text: the

text: Time

text: magazine

text: review

text: writing

text: to

text: a

text: cousin

text: Well

text: honey

text: one

text: thing

text: we

text: know

text: is

text: that

text: she

text: 's

text: been

text: poaching

text: on

text: my

text: literary

text: preserves

question: Which reviewer called the book melodramatic and contrived?

answer: Granville Hicks

text: Granville Hicks

question: Which Southern writer deemed it a child's book?

answer: Flannery O'Connor

text: Flannery O'Connor


text: The National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality (NARTH), which describes itself as a "professional, scientific organization that offers hope to those who struggle with unwanted homosexuality," disagrees with the mainstream mental health community's position on conversion therapy, both on its effectiveness and by describing sexual orientation not as a binary immutable quality, or as a disease, but as a continuum of intensities of sexual attractions and emotional affect. The American Psychological Association and the Royal College of Psychiatrists expressed concerns that the positions espoused by NARTH are not supported by the science and create an environment in which prejudice and discrimination can flourish.

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: The

text: National

text: Association

text: for

text: Research

text: Therapy

text: of

text: Homosexuality

text: NARTH

text: which

text: describes

text: itself

text: as

text: a

text: professional

text: scientific

text: organization

text: that

text: offers

text: hope

text: to

text: those

text: who

text: struggle

text: with

text: unwanted

text: homosexuality

text: disagrees

text: with

text: the

text: mainstream

text: mental

text: health

text: community

text: 's

text: position

text: on

text: conversion

text: therapy

text: both

text: on

text: its

text: effectiveness

text: and

text: by

text: describing

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: not

text: as

text: a

text: binary

text: immutable

text: quality

text: or

text: as

text: a

text: disease

text: but

text: as

text: a

text: continuum

text: of

text: intensities

text: of

text: sexual

text: attractions

text: and

text: emotional

text: affect

text: The

text: American

text: Psychological

text: Association

text: and

text: the

text: Royal

text: College

text: of

text: Psychiatrists

text: expressed

text: concerns

text: that

text: the

text: positions

text: espoused

text: by

text: NARTH

text: are

text: not

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: science

text: and

text: create

text: an

text: environment

text: in

text: which

text: prejudice

text: and

text: discrimination

text: can

text: flourish

question: What does NARTH stand for?

answer: The National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality

text: The National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality

question: What does NARTH consider itself to be?

answer: a "professional, scientific organization that offers hope to those who struggle with unwanted homosexuality,

text: a "professional, scientific organization that offers hope to those who struggle with unwanted homosexuality,

question: What does NARTH disagree with?

answer: the mainstream mental health community's position on conversion therapy

text: the mainstream mental health community's position on conversion therapy

question: What does NARTH state is wrong with the mainstream mental healths stand on conversion therapy?

answer: its effectiveness and by describing sexual orientation not as a binary immutable quality

text: its effectiveness and by describing sexual orientation not as a binary immutable quality

question: What concerns did both the American Psychological Association and the Royal College of PSychiatrist have with NARTH?

answer: that the positions espoused by NARTH are not supported by the science and create an environment in which prejudice and discrimination can flourish

text: that the positions espoused by NARTH are not supported by the science and create an environment in which prejudice and discrimination can flourish


text: Only insects which live in nests or colonies demonstrate any true capacity for fine-scale spatial orientation or homing. This can allow an insect to return unerringly to a single hole a few millimeters in diameter among thousands of apparently identical holes clustered together, after a trip of up to several kilometers' distance. In a phenomenon known as philopatry, insects that hibernate have shown the ability to recall a specific location up to a year after last viewing the area of interest. A few insects seasonally migrate large distances between different geographic regions (e.g., the overwintering areas of the Monarch butterfly).:14

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: Only

text: insects

text: which

text: live

text: in

text: nests

text: or

text: colonies

text: demonstrate

text: any

text: true

text: capacity

text: for

text: fine

text: scale

text: spatial

text: orientation

text: or

text: homing

text: This

text: can

text: allow

text: an

text: insect

text: to

text: return

text: unerringly

text: to

text: a

text: single

text: hole

text: a

text: few

text: millimeters

text: in

text: diameter

text: among

text: thousands

text: of

text: apparently

text: identical

text: holes

text: clustered

text: together

text: after

text: a

text: trip

text: of

text: up

text: to

text: several

text: kilometers

text: distance

text: In

text: a

text: phenomenon

text: known

text: as

text: philopatry

text: insects

text: that

text: hibernate

text: have

text: shown

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: recall

text: a

text: specific

text: location

text: up

text: to

text: a

text: year

text: after

text: last

text: viewing

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: interest

text: A

text: few

text: insects

text: seasonally

text: migrate

text: large

text: distances

text: between

text: different

text: geographic

text: regions

text: e.g.

text: the

text: overwintering

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: Monarch

question: Insects with fine scale spatial orientation live in colonies and where else?

answer: nests

text: nests

question: Some insects have a fine scale spatial orientation and/or what else?

answer: homing

text: homing

question: Spacial orientation/homing allows an insect to return to one specific hole among how many?

answer: thousands

text: thousands

question: An insect recalling a specific location for up to a year is called what?

answer: philopatry

text: philopatry

question: An insect that can recall a specific location for up to a year does what?

answer: hibernate

text: hibernate


text: On June 17, 2015, 21-year-old Dylann Roof entered the historic Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church during a Bible study and killed nine people. Senior pastor Clementa Pinckney, who also served as a state senator, was among those killed during the attack. The deceased also included congregation members Susie Jackson, 87; Rev. Daniel Simmons Sr., 74; Ethel Lance, 70; Myra Thompson, 59; Cynthia Hurd, 54; Rev. Depayne Middleton-Doctor, 49; Rev. Sharonda Coleman-Singleton, 45; and Tywanza Sanders, 26. The attack garnered national attention, and sparked a debate on historical racism, Confederate symbolism in Southern states, and gun violence. On July 10, 2015, the Confederate battle flag was removed from the South Carolina State House. A memorial service on the campus of the College of Charleston was attended by President Barack Obama, Michelle Obama, Vice President Joe Biden, Jill Biden, and Speaker of the House John Boehner.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: On

text: June

text: old

text: Dylann

text: Roof

text: entered

text: the

text: historic

text: Emanuel

text: African

text: Methodist

text: Episcopal

text: Church

text: during

text: a

text: Bible

text: study

text: and

text: killed

text: nine

text: people

text: Senior

text: pastor

text: Clementa

text: Pinckney

text: who

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: state

text: senator

text: was

text: among

text: those

text: killed

text: during

text: the

text: attack

text: The

text: deceased

text: also

text: included

text: congregation

text: members

text: Susie

text: Jackson

text: Rev.

text: Daniel

text: Simmons

text: Sr

text: Ethel

text: Lance

text: Myra

text: Thompson

text: Cynthia

text: Hurd

text: Rev.

text: Depayne

text: Middleton

text: Doctor

text: Rev.

text: Sharonda

text: Coleman

text: Singleton

text: and

text: Tywanza

text: Sanders

text: The

text: attack

text: garnered

text: national

text: attention

text: and

text: sparked

text: a

text: debate

text: on

text: historical

text: racism

text: Confederate

text: symbolism

text: in

text: Southern

text: states

text: and

text: gun

text: violence

text: On

text: July

text: the

text: Confederate

text: battle

text: flag

text: was

text: removed

text: from

text: the

text: South

text: Carolina

text: State

text: House

text: A

text: memorial

text: service

text: on

text: the

text: campus

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Charleston

text: was

text: attended

text: by

text: President

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: Michelle

text: Obama

text: Vice

text: President

text: Joe

text: Biden

text: Jill

text: Biden

text: and

text: Speaker

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: John

text: Boehner

question: On what day were nine people killed in the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church?

answer: June 17, 2015

text: June 17, 2015

question: What was the name of 21 year old that killed nine church members in Charleston, South Carolina?

answer: Dylann Roof

text: Dylann Roof

question: Clementa Pinckney served what public office for the state of South Carolina?

answer: state senator

text: state senator

question: A memorial service for the nine victims was held on which college's campus?

answer: College of Charleston

text: College of Charleston

question: On what day was the Confederate flag removed from South Carolina State House?

answer: July 10, 2015

text: July 10, 2015


text: Palermo has at least 2 circuits of City Walls - many pieces of which still survive. The first circuit surrounded the ancient core of the punic City - the so-called Palaeopolis (in the area east of Porta Nuova) and the Neopolis. Via Vittorio Emanuele was the main road east-west through this early walled city. The eastern edge of the walled city was on Via Roma and the ancient port in the vicinity of Piazza Marina. The wall circuit was approximately Porto Nuovo, Corso Alberti, Piazza Peranni, Via Isodoro, Via Candela, Via Venezia, Via Roma, Piazza Paninni, Via Biscottari, Via Del Bastione, Palazzo dei Normanni and back to Porto Nuovo.

title: Palermo

title: Palermo

text: Palermo

text: has

text: at

text: least

text: circuits

text: of

text: City

text: Walls

text: many

text: pieces

text: of

text: which

text: still

text: survive

text: The

text: first

text: circuit

text: surrounded

text: the

text: ancient

text: core

text: of

text: the

text: punic

text: City

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Palaeopolis

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: east

text: of

text: Porta

text: Nuova

text: and

text: the

text: Neopolis

text: Via

text: Vittorio

text: Emanuele

text: was

text: the

text: main

text: road

text: east

text: west

text: through

text: this

text: early

text: walled

text: city

text: The

text: eastern

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: walled

text: city

text: was

text: on

text: Via

text: Roma

text: and

text: the

text: ancient

text: port

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: Piazza

text: Marina

text: The

text: wall

text: circuit

text: was

text: approximately

text: Porto

text: Nuovo

text: Corso

text: Alberti

text: Piazza

text: Peranni

text: Via

text: Isodoro

text: Via

text: Candela

text: Via

text: Venezia

text: Via

text: Roma

text: Piazza

text: Paninni

text: Via

text: Biscottari

text: Via

text: Del

text: Bastione

text: Palazzo

text: dei

text: Normanni

text: and

text: back

text: to

text: Porto

text: Nuovo

question: Where does the first of Palermo's circuits suround?

answer: ancient core of the punic City - the so-called Palaeopolis (in the area east of Porta Nuova) and the Neopolis

text: ancient core of the punic City - the so-called Palaeopolis (in the area east of Porta Nuova) and the Neopolis

question: What was the name of the primary east-west road within the walls of Palaeopolis?

answer: Via Vittorio Emanuele

text: Via Vittorio Emanuele

question: On what road was the eastern edge of the walled city?

answer: Via Roma

text: Via Roma


text: There is no clear mechanism by which these local trade organisations became today's Masonic Lodges, but the earliest rituals and passwords known, from operative lodges around the turn of the 17th–18th centuries, show continuity with the rituals developed in the later 18th century by accepted or speculative Masons, as those members who did not practice the physical craft came to be known. The minutes of the Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel) No. 1 in Scotland show a continuity from an operative lodge in 1598 to a modern speculative Lodge. It is reputed to be the oldest Masonic Lodge in the world.

title: Freemasonry

title: Freemasonry

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: clear

text: mechanism

text: by

text: which

text: these

text: local

text: trade

text: organisations

text: became

text: today

text: 's

text: Masonic

text: Lodges

text: but

text: the

text: earliest

text: rituals

text: and

text: passwords

text: known

text: from

text: operative

text: lodges

text: around

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: centuries

text: show

text: continuity

text: with

text: the

text: rituals

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: later

text: century

text: by

text: accepted

text: or

text: speculative

text: Masons

text: as

text: those

text: members

text: who

text: did

text: not

text: practice

text: the

text: physical

text: craft

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: known

text: The

text: minutes

text: of

text: the

text: Lodge

text: of

text: Edinburgh

text: Mary

text: 's

text: Chapel

text: No

text: in

text: Scotland

text: show

text: a

text: continuity

text: from

text: an

text: operative

text: lodge

text: in

text: to

text: a

text: modern

text: speculative

text: Lodge

text: It

text: is

text: reputed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: oldest

text: Masonic

text: Lodge

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: From what centuries are the earliest passwords and rituals of Freemasonry known?

answer: 17th–18th

question: What is the oldest Masonic lodge in the world?

answer: Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel) No. 1 in Scotland

text: Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel) No. 1 in Scotland

question: What were members who did not practice the physical craft known as?

answer: accepted or speculative Masons

text: accepted or speculative Masons

question: When compared, how similar are the rituals and passwords from the turn of the 17 - 18 centuries to the ones from the later 18th century?

answer: show continuity

text: show continuity

question: What is the oldest Masonic Lodge in the world?

answer: the Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel) No. 1

text: the Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel) No. 1

question: When was the Lodge of Edinburgh started?

answer: 1598

question: When did rituals become similar between different Masonic Lodges?

answer: in the later 18th century

text: in the later 18th century


text: Hopkins School, a private school, was founded in 1660 and is the fifth-oldest educational institution in the United States. New Haven is home to a number of other private schools as well as public magnet schools, including Metropolitan Business Academy, High School in the Community, Hill Regional Career High School, Co-op High School, New Haven Academy, ACES Educational Center for the Arts, the Foote School and the Sound School, all of which draw students from New Haven and suburban towns. New Haven is also home to two Achievement First charter schools, Amistad Academy and Elm City College Prep, and to Common Ground, an environmental charter school.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: Hopkins

text: School

text: a

text: private

text: school

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: oldest

text: educational

text: institution

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: New

text: Haven

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: private

text: schools

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: public

text: magnet

text: schools

text: including

text: Metropolitan

text: Business

text: Academy

text: High

text: School

text: in

text: the

text: Community

text: Hill

text: Regional

text: Career

text: High

text: School

text: Co

text: op

text: High

text: School

text: New

text: Haven

text: Academy

text: ACES

text: Educational

text: Center

text: for

text: the

text: Arts

text: the

text: Foote

text: School

text: and

text: the

text: Sound

text: School

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: draw

text: students

text: from

text: New

text: Haven

text: and

text: suburban

text: towns

text: New

text: Haven

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: two

text: Achievement

text: First

text: charter

text: schools

text: Amistad

text: Academy

text: and

text: Elm

text: City

text: College

text: Prep

text: and

text: to

text: Common

text: Ground

text: an

text: environmental

text: charter

text: school

question: What private school, with the notable distinction of being the fifth-oldest educational institution in the U.S., was founded in New Haven?

answer: Hopkins School

text: Hopkins School

question: In what year was Hopkins School founded in New Haven?

answer: 1660

question: What is the name of the environmental charter school located in New Haven?

answer: Common Ground

text: Common Ground

question: What are the names of the two Achievement First charter schools located in New Haven?

answer: Amistad Academy and Elm City College Prep

text: Amistad Academy and Elm City College Prep

question: What magnet school in New Haven is centered around arts education?

answer: ACES Educational Center for the Arts

text: ACES Educational Center for the Arts

question: As one of the oldest school which was founded in 1660, what is it's name?

answer: Hopkins School

text: Hopkins School

question: In terms of schools how old is it historically compare to others?

answer: fifth-oldest

text: fifth-oldest

question: How many charters schools are available in New Haven?

answer: two

text: two


text: Spielberg's film Munich, about the events following the 1972 Munich Massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games, was his second film essaying Jewish relations in the world (the first being Schindler's List). The film is based on Vengeance, a book by Canadian journalist George Jonas. It was previously adapted into the 1986 made-for-TV film Sword of Gideon. The film received strong critical praise, but underperformed at the U.S. and world box-office; it remains one of Spielberg's most controversial films to date. Munich received five Academy Awards nominations, including Best Picture, Film Editing, Original Music Score (by John Williams), Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Director for Spielberg. It was Spielberg's sixth Best Director nomination and fifth Best Picture nomination.

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: Spielberg

text: 's

text: film

text: Munich

text: about

text: the

text: events

text: following

text: the

text: Munich

text: Massacre

text: of

text: Israeli

text: athletes

text: at

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: was

text: his

text: second

text: film

text: essaying

text: Jewish

text: relations

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: first

text: being

text: Schindler

text: 's

text: List

text: The

text: film

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: Vengeance

text: a

text: book

text: by

text: Canadian

text: journalist

text: George

text: Jonas

text: It

text: was

text: previously

text: adapted

text: into

text: the

text: made

text: for

text: TV

text: film

text: Sword

text: of

text: Gideon

text: The

text: film

text: received

text: strong

text: critical

text: praise

text: but

text: underperformed

text: at

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: world

text: box

text: office

text: it

text: remains

text: one

text: of

text: Spielberg

text: 's

text: most

text: controversial

text: films

text: to

text: date

text: Munich

text: received

text: five

text: Academy

text: Awards

text: nominations

text: including

text: Best

text: Picture

text: Film

text: Editing

text: Original

text: Music

text: Score

text: by

text: John

text: Williams

text: Best

text: Adapted

text: Screenplay

text: and

text: Best

text: Director

text: for

text: Spielberg

text: It

text: was

text: Spielberg

text: 's

text: sixth

text: Best

text: Director

text: nomination

text: and

text: fifth

text: Best

text: Picture

text: nomination

question: What was 'Munich' about?

answer: the 1972 Munich Massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games

text: the 1972 Munich Massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games

question: What book was 'Munich' based on?

answer: Vengeance

text: Vengeance

question: Who wrote 'Vengeance'?

answer: George Jonas

text: George Jonas

question: How many Oscar nominations did 'Munich' get?

answer: five

text: five

question: Who composed music for 'Munich'?

answer: John Williams

text: John Williams


text: Tennis player Marcos Baghdatis was ranked 8th in the world, was a finalist at the Australian Open, and reached the Wimbledon semi-final, all in 2006. High jumper Kyriakos Ioannou achieved a jump of 2.35 m at the 11th IAAF World Championships in Athletics in Osaka, Japan, in 2007, winning the bronze medal. He has been ranked third in the world. In motorsports, Tio Ellinas is a successful race car driver, currently racing in the GP3 Series for Marussia Manor Motorsport. There is also mixed martial artist Costas Philippou, who competes in the Ultimate Fighting Championship promotion's middleweight division. Costas holds a 6-3 record in UFC bouts, and recently defeated "The Monsoon" Lorenz Larkin with a Knockout in the 1st round.

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: Tennis

text: player

text: Marcos

text: Baghdatis

text: was

text: ranked

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: was

text: a

text: finalist

text: at

text: the

text: Australian

text: Open

text: and

text: reached

text: the

text: Wimbledon

text: semi

text: final

text: all

text: in

text: High

text: jumper

text: Kyriakos

text: Ioannou

text: achieved

text: a

text: jump

text: of

text: m

text: at

text: the

text: IAAF

text: World

text: Championships

text: in

text: Athletics

text: in

text: Osaka

text: Japan

text: in

text: winning

text: the

text: bronze

text: medal

text: He

text: has

text: been

text: ranked

text: third

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: In

text: motorsports

text: Tio

text: Ellinas

text: is

text: a

text: successful

text: race

text: car

text: driver

text: currently

text: racing

text: in

text: the

text: Series

text: for

text: Marussia

text: Manor

text: Motorsport

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: mixed

text: martial

text: artist

text: Costas

text: Philippou

text: who

text: competes

text: in

text: the

text: Ultimate

text: Fighting

text: Championship

text: promotion

text: 's

text: middleweight

text: division

text: Costas

text: holds

text: a

text: record

text: in

text: UFC

text: bouts

text: and

text: recently

text: defeated

text: The

text: Monsoon

text: Lorenz

text: Larkin

text: with

text: a

text: Knockout

text: in

text: the

text: round

question: Which Cypriot tennis player ranked 8th in the world?

answer: Marcos Baghdatis

text: Marcos Baghdatis

question: How high did Kyriakos Ioannou jump in Osaka in 2007?

answer: 2.35 m

text: 2.35 m

question: What organization does Costas Philippou participate in?

answer: Ultimate Fighting Championship

text: Ultimate Fighting Championship

question: Where does Tio Ellinas race?

answer: GP3 Series for Marussia Manor Motorsport

text: GP3 Series for Marussia Manor Motorsport