text: In Latin America in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence which prompted the right-wing, ecclesiastical authorities and a large portion of the individual country's upper class to support coup d'états to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat. This was further fueled by Cuban and United States intervention which led to a political polarization. Most South American countries were in some periods ruled by military dictatorships that were supported by the United States of America. In the 1970s, the regimes of the Southern Cone collaborated in Operation Condor killing many leftist dissidents, including some urban guerrillas. However, by the early 1990s all countries had restored their democracies.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: In

text: Latin

text: America

text: in

text: the

text: leftists

text: acquired

text: a

text: significant

text: political

text: influence

text: which

text: prompted

text: the

text: right

text: wing

text: ecclesiastical

text: authorities

text: and

text: a

text: large

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: individual

text: country

text: 's

text: upper

text: class

text: to

text: support

text: coup

text: d'états

text: to

text: avoid

text: what

text: they

text: perceived

text: as

text: a

text: communist

text: threat

text: This

text: was

text: further

text: fueled

text: by

text: Cuban

text: and

text: United

text: States

text: intervention

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: political

text: polarization

text: Most

text: South

text: American

text: countries

text: were

text: in

text: some

text: periods

text: ruled

text: by

text: military

text: dictatorships

text: that

text: were

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: regimes

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: Cone

text: collaborated

text: in

text: Operation

text: Condor

text: killing

text: many

text: leftist

text: dissidents

text: including

text: some

text: urban

text: guerrillas

text: However

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: all

text: countries

text: had

text: restored

text: their

text: democracies

question: What caused Latin America's right-wing authorities to support coup o'etats?

answer: in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence

text: in the 1970s, leftists acquired a significant political influence

question: Why did the Latin Americas Upper class support coup o'etats?

answer: to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat.

text: to avoid what they perceived as a communist threat.

question: The regimes in the southern cone collaborated in killing of who?

answer: leftist dissidents

text: leftist dissidents

question: What did all countries restore in the 1990's

answer: their democracies.

text: their democracies.

question: Where did the United States support dictatorships in the 1970"s?

answer: South American countries

text: South American countries


text: All Iranian languages are descended from a common ancestor, Proto-Iranian. In turn, and together with Proto-Indo-Aryan and the Nuristani languages, Proto-Iranian descends from a common ancestor Proto-Indo-Iranian. The Indo-Iranian languages are thought to have originated in Central Asia. The Andronovo culture is the suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture ca. 2000 BC.

title: Iranian_languages

title: Iranian_languages

text: All

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: are

text: descended

text: from

text: a

text: common

text: ancestor

text: Proto

text: Iranian

text: In

text: turn

text: and

text: together

text: with

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: Aryan

text: and

text: the

text: Nuristani

text: languages

text: Proto

text: Iranian

text: descends

text: from

text: a

text: common

text: ancestor

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: Iranian

text: The

text: Indo

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: originated

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: The

text: Andronovo

text: culture

text: is

text: the

text: suggested

text: candidate

text: for

text: the

text: common

text: Indo

text: Iranian

text: culture

text: ca

text: BC

question: From where did Iranian languages originate?

answer: Proto-Iranian

text: Proto-Iranian

question: What part of the world is it theorized that Indo-Iranian languages came from?

answer: Central Asia

text: Central Asia

question: What society is a strong contender for the common culture speaking Indo-Iranian?

answer: Andronovo

text: Andronovo

question: When did the Andronovo culture exist?

answer: 2000 BC

text: 2000 BC


text: After the end of hostilities, a period of growth and expansion started for the city. In 1853 a stagecoach bus line was established joining Montevideo with the newly formed settlement of Unión and the first natural gas street lights were inaugurated.[citation needed] From 1854 to 1861 the first public sanitation facilities were constructed. In 1856 the Teatro Solís was inaugurated, 15 years after the beginning of its construction. By Decree, on December 1861 the areas of Aguada and Cordón were incorporated to the growing Ciudad Nueva (New City). In 1866, an underwater telegraph line connected the city with Buenos Aires. The statue of Peace, La Paz, was erected on a column in Plaza Cagancha and the building of the Postal Service as well as the bridge of Paso Molino were inaugurated in 1867.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: After

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: hostilities

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: growth

text: and

text: expansion

text: started

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: In

text: a

text: stagecoach

text: bus

text: line

text: was

text: established

text: joining

text: Montevideo

text: with

text: the

text: newly

text: formed

text: settlement

text: of

text: Unión

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: natural

text: gas

text: street

text: lights

text: were

text: inaugurated.[citation

text: needed

text: From

text: to

text: the

text: first

text: public

text: sanitation

text: facilities

text: were

text: constructed

text: In

text: the

text: Teatro

text: Solís

text: was

text: inaugurated

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: its

text: construction

text: By

text: Decree

text: on

text: December

text: the

text: areas

text: of

text: Aguada

text: and

text: Cordón

text: were

text: incorporated

text: to

text: the

text: growing

text: Ciudad

text: Nueva

text: New

text: City

text: In

text: an

text: underwater

text: telegraph

text: line

text: connected

text: the

text: city

text: with

text: Buenos

text: Aires

text: The

text: statue

text: of

text: Peace

text: La

text: Paz

text: was

text: erected

text: on

text: a

text: column

text: in

text: Plaza

text: Cagancha

text: and

text: the

text: building

text: of

text: the

text: Postal

text: Service

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: bridge

text: of

text: Paso

text: Molino

text: were

text: inaugurated

text: in

question: What year was a stagecoach bus line established in Montevideo?

answer: 1853

question: Between what years were the first natural gas street lights constructed?

answer: 1854 to 1861

text: 1854 to 1861

question: What year was the Teatro Solis inaugurated?

answer: 1856

question: What year was an underwater telegraph line made that connected Montevideo with Buenos Aires?

answer: 1866


text: On April 7, 1989, Soviet troops and armored personnel carriers were sent to Tbilisi after more than 100,000 people protested in front of Communist Party headquarters with banners calling for Georgia to secede from the Soviet Union and for Abkhazia to be fully integrated into Georgia. On April 9, 1989, troops attacked the demonstrators; some 20 people were killed and more than 200 wounded. This event radicalized Georgian politics, prompting many to conclude that independence was preferable to continued Soviet rule. On April 14, Gorbachev removed Jumber Patiashvili as First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party and replaced him with former Georgian KGB chief Givi Gumbaridze.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: On

text: April

text: Soviet

text: troops

text: and

text: armored

text: personnel

text: carriers

text: were

text: sent

text: to

text: Tbilisi

text: after

text: more

text: than

text: people

text: protested

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: Communist

text: Party

text: headquarters

text: with

text: banners

text: calling

text: for

text: Georgia

text: to

text: secede

text: from

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: for

text: Abkhazia

text: to

text: be

text: fully

text: integrated

text: into

text: Georgia

text: On

text: April

text: troops

text: attacked

text: the

text: demonstrators

text: some

text: people

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: more

text: than

text: wounded

text: This

text: event

text: radicalized

text: Georgian

text: politics

text: prompting

text: many

text: to

text: conclude

text: that

text: independence

text: was

text: preferable

text: to

text: continued

text: Soviet

text: rule

text: On

text: April

text: Gorbachev

text: removed

text: Jumber

text: Patiashvili

text: as

text: First

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Georgian

text: Communist

text: Party

text: and

text: replaced

text: him

text: with

text: former

text: Georgian

text: KGB

text: chief

text: Givi

text: Gumbaridze

question: What did the protesters want Georgia to leave?

answer: Soviet Union

text: Soviet Union

question: What did the protesters hope to see become a part of Georgia?

answer: Abkhazia

text: Abkhazia

question: Who attacked the protest?

answer: troops

text: troops

question: How many people died in the April 9 attack?

answer: 20

question: What happened to Georgian politics as a result of the attack?

answer: radicalized

text: radicalized


text: IN and OUT tokens contain a seven-bit device number and four-bit function number (for multifunction devices) and command the device to transmit DATAx packets, or receive the following DATAx packets, respectively. An IN token expects a response from a device. The response may be a NAK or STALL response, or a DATAx frame. In the latter case, the host issues an ACK handshake if appropriate. An OUT token is followed immediately by a DATAx frame. The device responds with ACK, NAK, NYET, or STALL, as appropriate.

title: USB

title: USB

text: IN

text: and

text: OUT

text: tokens

text: contain

text: a

text: seven

text: bit

text: device

text: number

text: and

text: four

text: bit

text: function

text: number

text: for

text: multifunction

text: devices

text: and

text: command

text: the

text: device

text: to

text: transmit

text: DATAx

text: packets

text: or

text: receive

text: the

text: following

text: DATAx

text: packets

text: respectively

text: An

text: IN

text: token

text: expects

text: a

text: response

text: from

text: a

text: device

text: The

text: response

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: NAK

text: or

text: STALL

text: response

text: or

text: a

text: DATAx

text: frame

text: In

text: the

text: latter

text: case

text: the

text: host

text: issues

text: an

text: ACK

text: handshake

text: if

text: appropriate

text: An

text: OUT

text: token

text: is

text: followed

text: immediately

text: by

text: a

text: DATAx

text: frame

text: The

text: device

text: responds

text: with

text: ACK

text: NAK

text: NYET

text: or

text: STALL

text: as

text: appropriate

question: IN and OUT tokens contain what?

answer: a seven-bit device number and four-bit function number

text: a seven-bit device number and four-bit function number

question: An IN token expects what?

answer: a response from a device

text: a response from a device

question: An OUT token is followed immediately by a what?

answer: DATAx frame

text: DATAx frame


text: Richmond is also fast-becoming known for its food scene, with several restaurants in the Fan, Church Hill, Jackson Ward and elsewhere around the city generating regional and national attention for their fare. Departures magazine named Richmond "The Next Great American Food City" in August 2014. Also in 2014, Southern Living magazine named three Richmond restaurants – Comfort, Heritage and The Roosevelt – among its "100 Best Restaurants in the South", while Metzger Bar & Butchery made its "Best New Restaurants: 12 To Watch" list. Craft beer and liquor production is also growing in the River City, with twelve micro-breweries in city proper; the oldest is Legend Brewery, founded in 1994. Three distilleries, Reservoir Distillery, Belle Isle Craft Spirits and James River Distillery, were established in 2010, 2013 and 2014, respectively.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Richmond

text: is

text: also

text: fast

text: becoming

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: food

text: scene

text: with

text: several

text: restaurants

text: in

text: the

text: Fan

text: Church

text: Hill

text: Jackson

text: Ward

text: and

text: elsewhere

text: around

text: the

text: city

text: generating

text: regional

text: and

text: national

text: attention

text: for

text: their

text: fare

text: Departures

text: magazine

text: named

text: Richmond

text: The

text: Next

text: Great

text: American

text: Food

text: City

text: in

text: August

text: Also

text: in

text: Southern

text: Living

text: magazine

text: named

text: three

text: Richmond

text: restaurants

text: Comfort

text: Heritage

text: and

text: The

text: Roosevelt

text: among

text: its

text: Best

text: Restaurants

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: while

text: Metzger

text: Bar

text: Butchery

text: made

text: its

text: Best

text: New

text: Restaurants

text: To

text: Watch

text: list

text: Craft

text: beer

text: and

text: liquor

text: production

text: is

text: also

text: growing

text: in

text: the

text: River

text: City

text: with

text: twelve

text: micro

text: breweries

text: in

text: city

text: proper

text: the

text: oldest

text: is

text: Legend

text: Brewery

text: founded

text: in

text: Three

text: distilleries

text: Reservoir

text: Distillery

text: Belle

text: Isle

text: Craft

text: Spirits

text: and

text: James

text: River

text: Distillery

text: were

text: established

text: in

text: and

text: respectively

question: What periodical called Richmond "The Next Great American Food City"?

answer: Departures magazine

text: Departures magazine

question: According to Southern Living, what are the three best restaurants in Richmond?

answer: Comfort, Heritage and The Roosevelt

text: Comfort, Heritage and The Roosevelt

question: How many microbreweries exist in Richmond?

answer: twelve

text: twelve

question: What was the first microbrewery to set up shop in Richmond?

answer: Legend Brewery

text: Legend Brewery

question: When was James River Distillery founded?

answer: 2014


text: The city is roughly bisected by the North Canadian River (recently renamed the Oklahoma River inside city limits). The North Canadian once had sufficient flow to flood every year, wreaking destruction on surrounding areas, including the central business district and the original Oklahoma City Zoo. In the 1940s, a dam was built on the river to manage the flood control and reduced its level. In the 1990s, as part of the citywide revitalization project known as MAPS, the city built a series of low-water dams, returning water to the portion of the river flowing near downtown. The city has three large lakes: Lake Hefner and Lake Overholser, in the northwestern quarter of the city; and the largest, Lake Stanley Draper, in the sparsely populated far southeast portion of the city.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: roughly

text: bisected

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Canadian

text: River

text: recently

text: renamed

text: the

text: Oklahoma

text: River

text: inside

text: city

text: limits

text: The

text: North

text: Canadian

text: once

text: had

text: sufficient

text: flow

text: to

text: flood

text: every

text: year

text: wreaking

text: destruction

text: on

text: surrounding

text: areas

text: including

text: the

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Zoo

text: In

text: the

text: a

text: dam

text: was

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: river

text: to

text: manage

text: the

text: flood

text: control

text: and

text: reduced

text: its

text: level

text: In

text: the

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: citywide

text: revitalization

text: project

text: known

text: as

text: MAPS

text: the

text: city

text: built

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: low

text: water

text: dams

text: returning

text: water

text: to

text: the

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: flowing

text: near

text: downtown

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: three

text: large

text: lakes

text: Lake

text: Hefner

text: and

text: Lake

text: Overholser

text: in

text: the

text: northwestern

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: Lake

text: Stanley

text: Draper

text: in

text: the

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: far

text: southeast

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: city

question: What river flows through Oklahoma city?

answer: North Canadian River

text: North Canadian River

question: What is the new name for the part of the North Canadian River that resides within the city limits?

answer: Oklahoma River

text: Oklahoma River

question: When was a dam built for the river?

answer: 1940s

question: What was built in the 1990's to help return water to the river near downtown?

answer: low-water dams

text: low-water dams


text: At the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War, the English gained New Amsterdam (New York) in North America in exchange for Dutch control of Run, an Indonesian island. Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and some epidemics brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizable population losses for the Lenape between the years 1660 and 1670. By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Anglo

text: Dutch

text: War

text: the

text: English

text: gained

text: New

text: Amsterdam

text: New

text: York

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: Dutch

text: control

text: of

text: Run

text: an

text: Indonesian

text: island

text: Several

text: intertribal

text: wars

text: among

text: the

text: Native

text: Americans

text: and

text: some

text: epidemics

text: brought

text: on

text: by

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: Europeans

text: caused

text: sizable

text: population

text: losses

text: for

text: the

text: Lenape

text: between

text: the

text: years

text: and

text: By

text: the

text: Lenape

text: population

text: had

text: diminished

text: to

question: After what war did the English receive New Amsterdam?

answer: Second Anglo-Dutch War

text: Second Anglo-Dutch War

question: How many Lenape lived in the area in 1700?

answer: 200

question: What was the name of the island the English traded to the Dutch in return for New Amsterdam?

answer: Run

text: Run

question: In 1700, the Lenape Native American population had dwindled to how many?

answer: 200

question: After which war did England gain New York in exchange for Run, an Indonesian island?

answer: Second Anglo-Dutch War

text: Second Anglo-Dutch War


text: The vast majority of devices containing LEDs are "safe under all conditions of normal use", and so are classified as "Class 1 LED product"/"LED Klasse 1". At present, only a few LEDs—extremely bright LEDs that also have a tightly focused viewing angle of 8° or less—could, in theory, cause temporary blindness, and so are classified as "Class 2". The opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) of 2010, on the health issues concerning LEDs, suggested banning public use of lamps which were in the moderate Risk Group 2, especially those with a high blue component in places frequented by children. In general, laser safety regulations—and the "Class 1", "Class 2", etc. system—also apply to LEDs.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: The

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: devices

text: containing

text: LEDs

text: are

text: safe

text: under

text: all

text: conditions

text: of

text: normal

text: use

text: and

text: so

text: are

text: classified

text: as

text: Class

text: LED

text: product"/"LED

text: Klasse

text: At

text: present

text: only

text: a

text: few

text: LEDs

text: extremely

text: bright

text: LEDs

text: that

text: also

text: have

text: a

text: tightly

text: focused

text: viewing

text: angle

text: of

text: or

text: less

text: could

text: in

text: theory

text: cause

text: temporary

text: blindness

text: and

text: so

text: are

text: classified

text: as

text: Class

text: The

text: opinion

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Agency

text: for

text: Food

text: Environmental

text: and

text: Occupational

text: Health

text: Safety

text: ANSES

text: of

text: on

text: the

text: health

text: issues

text: concerning

text: LEDs

text: suggested

text: banning

text: public

text: use

text: of

text: lamps

text: which

text: were

text: in

text: the

text: moderate

text: Risk

text: Group

text: especially

text: those

text: with

text: a

text: high

text: blue

text: component

text: in

text: places

text: frequented

text: by

text: children

text: In

text: general

text: laser

text: safety

text: regulations

text: and

text: the

text: Class

text: Class

text: etc

text: system

text: also

text: apply

text: to

text: LEDs

question: How are most LEDs classified?

answer: Class 1 LED product

text: Class 1 LED product

question: What does being a Class 1 LED product mean?

answer: safe under all conditions of normal use

text: safe under all conditions of normal use

question: What type of LED can possibly cause blindness?

answer: extremely bright LEDs

text: extremely bright LEDs

question: Which government advocated the banning of Class 2 LEDs?

answer: French

text: French

question: What class are extremely bright LEDs listed as?

answer: Class 2

text: Class 2


text: The campus is home to several museums containing exhibits from many different fields of study. BYU's Museum of Art, for example, is one of the largest and most attended art museums in the Mountain West. This Museum aids in academic pursuits of students at BYU via research and study of the artworks in its collection. The Museum is also open to the general public and provides educational programming. The Museum of Peoples and Cultures is a museum of archaeology and ethnology. It focuses on native cultures and artifacts of the Great Basin, American Southwest, Mesoamerica, Peru, and Polynesia. Home to more than 40,000 artifacts and 50,000 photographs, it documents BYU's archaeological research. The BYU Museum of Paleontology was built in 1976 to display the many fossils found by BYU's Dr. James A. Jensen. It holds many artifacts from the Jurassic Period (210-140 million years ago), and is one of the top five collections in the world of fossils from that time period. It has been featured in magazines, newspapers, and on television internationally. The museum receives about 25,000 visitors every year. The Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum was formed in 1978. It features several forms of plant and animal life on display and available for research by students and scholars.

title: Brigham_Young_University

title: Brigham_Young_University

text: The

text: campus

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: several

text: museums

text: containing

text: exhibits

text: from

text: many

text: different

text: fields

text: of

text: study

text: BYU

text: 's

text: Museum

text: of

text: Art

text: for

text: example

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: attended

text: art

text: museums

text: in

text: the

text: Mountain

text: West

text: This

text: Museum

text: aids

text: in

text: academic

text: pursuits

text: of

text: students

text: at

text: BYU

text: via

text: research

text: and

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: artworks

text: in

text: its

text: collection

text: The

text: Museum

text: is

text: also

text: open

text: to

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: and

text: provides

text: educational

text: programming

text: The

text: Museum

text: of

text: Peoples

text: and

text: Cultures

text: is

text: a

text: museum

text: of

text: archaeology

text: and

text: ethnology

text: It

text: focuses

text: on

text: native

text: cultures

text: and

text: artifacts

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Basin

text: American

text: Southwest

text: Mesoamerica

text: Peru

text: and

text: Polynesia

text: Home

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: artifacts

text: and

text: photographs

text: it

text: documents

text: BYU

text: 's

text: archaeological

text: research

text: The

text: BYU

text: Museum

text: of

text: Paleontology

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: to

text: display

text: the

text: many

text: fossils

text: found

text: by

text: BYU

text: 's

text: Dr.

text: James

text: A.

text: Jensen

text: It

text: holds

text: many

text: artifacts

text: from

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: Period

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: five

text: collections

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: of

text: fossils

text: from

text: that

text: time

text: period

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: featured

text: in

text: magazines

text: newspapers

text: and

text: on

text: television

text: internationally

text: The

text: museum

text: receives

text: about

text: visitors

text: every

text: year

text: The

text: Monte

text: L.

text: Bean

text: Life

text: Science

text: Museum

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: It

text: features

text: several

text: forms

text: of

text: plant

text: and

text: animal

text: life

text: on

text: display

text: and

text: available

text: for

text: research

text: by

text: students

text: and

text: scholars

question: How many photographs are in BYU's Museum of Peoples and Cultures?

answer: 50,000

question: How many visitors does BYU Museum of Paleontology receive each year?

answer: about 25,000

text: about 25,000

question: From which period does BYU Museum of Paleontology hold many artifacts from?

answer: Jurassic Period (210-140 million years ago)

text: Jurassic Period (210-140 million years ago)

question: Who found many of the fossils displayed in BYU's Museum of Paleontology?

answer: BYU's Dr. James A. Jensen

text: BYU's Dr. James A. Jensen

question: Which BYU building is one of the most attended art museus in the Mountain West?

answer: Museum of Art

text: Museum of Art


text: Traditionally the annelids have been divided into two major groups, the polychaetes and clitellates. In turn the clitellates were divided into oligochaetes, which include earthworms, and hirudinomorphs, whose best-known members are leeches. For many years there was no clear arrangement of the approximately 80 polychaete families into higher-level groups. In 1997 Greg Rouse and Kristian Fauchald attempted a "first heuristic step in terms of bringing polychaete systematics to an acceptable level of rigour", based on anatomical structures, and divided polychaetes into:

title: Annelid

title: Annelid

text: Traditionally

text: the

text: annelids

text: have

text: been

text: divided

text: into

text: two

text: major

text: groups

text: the

text: polychaetes

text: and

text: clitellates

text: In

text: turn

text: the

text: clitellates

text: were

text: divided

text: into

text: oligochaetes

text: which

text: include

text: earthworms

text: and

text: hirudinomorphs

text: whose

text: best

text: known

text: members

text: are

text: leeches

text: For

text: many

text: years

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: clear

text: arrangement

text: of

text: the

text: approximately

text: polychaete

text: families

text: into

text: higher

text: level

text: groups

text: In

text: Greg

text: Rouse

text: and

text: Kristian

text: Fauchald

text: attempted

text: a

text: first

text: heuristic

text: step

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: bringing

text: polychaete

text: systematics

text: to

text: an

text: acceptable

text: level

text: of

text: rigour

text: based

text: on

text: anatomical

text: structures

text: and

text: divided

text: polychaetes

text: into

question: What two groups are annelids traditionally divided among?

answer: polychaetes and clitellates

text: polychaetes and clitellates

question: What subtype of clitellates contains earthworms?

answer: oligochaetes

text: oligochaetes

question: What subtype of clitellates contains leeches?

answer: hirudinomorphs

text: hirudinomorphs

question: How many polychaete families are there?

answer: approximately 80

text: approximately 80

question: When did Greg Rouse begin trying to categorize polychaetes?

answer: 1997


text: A similar situation occurs with waders (called shorebirds in North America). Many species, such as dunlin Calidris alpina and western sandpiper Calidris mauri, undertake long movements from their Arctic breeding grounds to warmer locations in the same hemisphere, but others such as semipalmated sandpiper C. pusilla travel longer distances to the tropics in the Southern Hemisphere.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: A

text: similar

text: situation

text: occurs

text: with

text: waders

text: called

text: shorebirds

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: Many

text: species

text: such

text: as

text: dunlin

text: Calidris

text: alpina

text: and

text: western

text: sandpiper

text: Calidris

text: mauri

text: undertake

text: long

text: movements

text: from

text: their

text: Arctic

text: breeding

text: grounds

text: to

text: warmer

text: locations

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: hemisphere

text: but

text: others

text: such

text: as

text: semipalmated

text: sandpiper

text: C.

text: pusilla

text: travel

text: longer

text: distances

text: to

text: the

text: tropics

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

question: What are waders called in North America?

answer: shorebirds

text: shorebirds

question: Where do dunlin Calidris alpina migrate to?

answer: warmer locations in the same hemisphere

text: warmer locations in the same hemisphere

question: Where do semiplamated sandpiper C. pusilla migrate to?

answer: the tropics in the Southern Hemisphere

text: the tropics in the Southern Hemisphere

question: Where do western sandpiper Calidris migrate from?

answer: Arctic breeding grounds

text: Arctic breeding grounds


text: The history of Jews in Greece goes back to at least the Archaic Era of Greece, when the classical culture of Greece was undergoing a process of formalization after the Greek Dark Age. The Greek historian Herodotus knew of the Jews, whom he called "Palestinian Syrians", and listed them among the levied naval forces in service of the invading Persians. While Jewish monotheism was not deeply affected by Greek Polytheism, the Greek way of living was attractive for many wealthier Jews. The Synagogue in the Agora of Athens is dated to the period between 267 and 396 CE. The Stobi Synagogue in Macedonia, was built on the ruins of a more ancient synagogue in the 4th century, while later in the 5th century, the synagogue was transformed into Christian basilica.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: The

text: history

text: of

text: Jews

text: in

text: Greece

text: goes

text: back

text: to

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: Archaic

text: Era

text: of

text: Greece

text: when

text: the

text: classical

text: culture

text: of

text: Greece

text: was

text: undergoing

text: a

text: process

text: of

text: formalization

text: after

text: the

text: Greek

text: Dark

text: Age

text: The

text: Greek

text: historian

text: Herodotus

text: knew

text: of

text: the

text: Jews

text: whom

text: he

text: called

text: Palestinian

text: Syrians

text: and

text: listed

text: them

text: among

text: the

text: levied

text: naval

text: forces

text: in

text: service

text: of

text: the

text: invading

text: Persians

text: While

text: Jewish

text: monotheism

text: was

text: not

text: deeply

text: affected

text: by

text: Greek

text: Polytheism

text: the

text: Greek

text: way

text: of

text: living

text: was

text: attractive

text: for

text: many

text: wealthier

text: Jews

text: The

text: Synagogue

text: in

text: the

text: Agora

text: of

text: Athens

text: is

text: dated

text: to

text: the

text: period

text: between

text: and

text: CE

text: The

text: Stobi

text: Synagogue

text: in

text: Macedonia

text: was

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: ruins

text: of

text: a

text: more

text: ancient

text: synagogue

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: while

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: synagogue

text: was

text: transformed

text: into

text: Christian

text: basilica

question: The history of Jews in Greece goes back to which era?

answer: Archaic Era of Greece

text: Archaic Era of Greece

question: Which Greek historian knew of the Jews?

answer: Herodotus

text: Herodotus

question: The Synagogue in the Agora of Athens is dated to the period between which two dates?

answer: 267 and 396 CE

text: 267 and 396 CE

question: What did the Greek historian Herodotus refer to the Jews as?

answer: "Palestinian Syrians"

text: "Palestinian Syrians"

question: The Greek historian Herodotus listed the Jews as the levied naval forces in service to whom?

answer: the invading Persians

text: the invading Persians


text: Red is the international color of stop signs and stop lights on highways and intersections. It was standarized as the international color at the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968. It was chosen partly because red is the brightest color in daytime (next to orange), though it is less visible at twilight, when green is the most visible color. Red also stands out more clearly against a cool natural backdrop of blue sky, green trees or gray buildings. But it was mostly chosen as the color for stoplights and stop signs because of its universal association with danger and warning.

title: Red

title: Red

text: Red

text: is

text: the

text: international

text: color

text: of

text: stop

text: signs

text: and

text: stop

text: lights

text: on

text: highways

text: and

text: intersections

text: It

text: was

text: standarized

text: as

text: the

text: international

text: color

text: at

text: the

text: Vienna

text: Convention

text: on

text: Road

text: Signs

text: and

text: Signals

text: of

text: It

text: was

text: chosen

text: partly

text: because

text: red

text: is

text: the

text: brightest

text: color

text: in

text: daytime

text: next

text: to

text: orange

text: though

text: it

text: is

text: less

text: visible

text: at

text: twilight

text: when

text: green

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: visible

text: color

text: Red

text: also

text: stands

text: out

text: more

text: clearly

text: against

text: a

text: cool

text: natural

text: backdrop

text: of

text: blue

text: sky

text: green

text: trees

text: or

text: gray

text: buildings

text: But

text: it

text: was

text: mostly

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: color

text: for

text: stoplights

text: and

text: stop

text: signs

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: universal

text: association

text: with

text: danger

text: and

text: warning

question: In what city did the standardization of red as a color of stop lights occur?

answer: Vienna

text: Vienna

question: In what year did nations standardize on red as a color for stop lights?

answer: 1968

question: At what event did the color red become the standard color of stop lights?

answer: Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968

text: Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968

question: Red is the color of stoplights due to its universal affiliation with what?

answer: danger and warning

text: danger and warning

question: At what time is red at its brightest?

answer: daytime

text: daytime


text: When talking about genome composition, one should distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes as the big differences on contents structure they have. In prokaryotes, most of the genome (85–90%) is non-repetitive DNA, which means coding DNA mainly forms it, while non-coding regions only take a small part. On the contrary, eukaryotes have the feature of exon-intron organization of protein coding genes; the variation of repetitive DNA content in eukaryotes is also extremely high. In mammals and plants, the major part of the genome is composed of repetitive DNA.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: When

text: talking

text: about

text: genome

text: composition

text: one

text: should

text: distinguish

text: between

text: prokaryotes

text: and

text: eukaryotes

text: as

text: the

text: big

text: differences

text: on

text: contents

text: structure

text: they

text: have

text: In

text: prokaryotes

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: genome

text: is

text: non

text: repetitive

text: DNA

text: which

text: means

text: coding

text: DNA

text: mainly

text: forms

text: it

text: while

text: non

text: coding

text: regions

text: only

text: take

text: a

text: small

text: part

text: On

text: the

text: contrary

text: eukaryotes

text: have

text: the

text: feature

text: of

text: exon

text: intron

text: organization

text: of

text: protein

text: coding

text: genes

text: the

text: variation

text: of

text: repetitive

text: DNA

text: content

text: in

text: eukaryotes

text: is

text: also

text: extremely

text: high

text: In

text: mammals

text: and

text: plants

text: the

text: major

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: genome

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: repetitive

text: DNA

question: What two types of organisms have remarkable differences in their genomic composition?

answer: prokaryotes and eukaryotes

text: prokaryotes and eukaryotes

question: What type of organizing can be observed in eukaryote genomes?

answer: exon-intron

text: exon-intron

question: In what types of eukaryotes is there a large amount of non-coding DNA?

answer: mammals and plants

text: mammals and plants


text: Schwarzenegger's endorsement in the Republican primary of the 2008 U.S. presidential election was highly sought; despite being good friends with candidates Rudy Giuliani and Senator John McCain, Schwarzenegger remained neutral throughout 2007 and early 2008. Giuliani dropped out of the presidential race on January 30, 2008, largely because of a poor showing in Florida, and endorsed McCain. Later that night, Schwarzenegger was in the audience at a Republican debate at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in California. The following day, he endorsed McCain, joking, "It's Rudy's fault!" (in reference to his friendships with both candidates and that he could not make up his mind). Schwarzenegger's endorsement was thought to be a boost for Senator McCain's campaign; both spoke about their concerns for the environment and economy.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Schwarzenegger

text: 's

text: endorsement

text: in

text: the

text: Republican

text: primary

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: presidential

text: election

text: was

text: highly

text: sought

text: despite

text: being

text: good

text: friends

text: with

text: candidates

text: Rudy

text: Giuliani

text: and

text: Senator

text: John

text: McCain

text: Schwarzenegger

text: remained

text: neutral

text: throughout

text: and

text: early

text: Giuliani

text: dropped

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: presidential

text: race

text: on

text: January

text: largely

text: because

text: of

text: a

text: poor

text: showing

text: in

text: Florida

text: and

text: endorsed

text: McCain

text: Later

text: that

text: night

text: Schwarzenegger

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: audience

text: at

text: a

text: Republican

text: debate

text: at

text: the

text: Ronald

text: Reagan

text: Presidential

text: Library

text: in

text: California

text: The

text: following

text: day

text: he

text: endorsed

text: McCain

text: joking

text: It

text: 's

text: Rudy

text: 's

text: fault

text: in

text: reference

text: to

text: his

text: friendships

text: with

text: both

text: candidates

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: could

text: not

text: make

text: up

text: his

text: mind

text: Schwarzenegger

text: 's

text: endorsement

text: was

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: boost

text: for

text: Senator

text: McCain

text: 's

text: campaign

text: both

text: spoke

text: about

text: their

text: concerns

text: for

text: the

text: environment

text: and

text: economy

question: Who did Schwarzenegger finally endorse in the 2008 Republican primary?

answer: John McCain

text: John McCain

question: Which candidate withdrew from the presidential race in January of 2008?

answer: Rudy Giuliani

text: Rudy Giuliani

question: On which two major issues did McCain and Schwarzenegger publicly agree?

answer: the environment and economy

text: the environment and economy


text: Representatives of the Polish government officially took over the civilian administration of the southern part of East Prussia on 23 May 1945. Subsequently Polish expatriates from Polish lands annexed by the Soviet Union as well as Ukrainians and Lemkos from southern Poland, expelled in Operation Vistula in 1947, were settled in the southern part of East Prussia, now the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. In 1950 the Olsztyn Voivodeship counted 689,000 inhabitants, 22.6% of them coming from areas annexed by the Soviet Union, 10% Ukrainians, and 18.5% of them pre-war inhabitants. The remaining pre-war population was treated as Germanized Poles and a policy of re-Polonization was pursued throughout the country Most of these "Autochthones" chose to emigrate to West Germany from the 1950s through 1970s (between 1970 and 1988 55,227 persons from Warmia and Masuria moved to Western Germany). Local toponyms were Polonised by the Polish Commission for the Determination of Place Names.

title: East_Prussia

title: East_Prussia

text: Representatives

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: government

text: officially

text: took

text: over

text: the

text: civilian

text: administration

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: East

text: Prussia

text: on

text: May

text: Subsequently

text: Polish

text: expatriates

text: from

text: Polish

text: lands

text: annexed

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Ukrainians

text: and

text: Lemkos

text: from

text: southern

text: Poland

text: expelled

text: in

text: Operation

text: Vistula

text: in

text: were

text: settled

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: East

text: Prussia

text: now

text: the

text: Polish

text: Warmian

text: Masurian

text: Voivodeship

text: In

text: the

text: Olsztyn

text: Voivodeship

text: counted

text: inhabitants

text: of

text: them

text: coming

text: from

text: areas

text: annexed

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: Ukrainians

text: and

text: of

text: them

text: pre

text: war

text: inhabitants

text: The

text: remaining

text: pre

text: war

text: population

text: was

text: treated

text: as

text: Germanized

text: Poles

text: and

text: a

text: policy

text: of

text: re

text: Polonization

text: was

text: pursued

text: throughout

text: the

text: country

text: Most

text: of

text: these

text: Autochthones

text: chose

text: to

text: emigrate

text: to

text: West

text: Germany

text: from

text: the

text: through

text: between

text: and

text: persons

text: from

text: Warmia

text: and

text: Masuria

text: moved

text: to

text: Western

text: Germany

text: Local

text: toponyms

text: were

text: Polonised

text: by

text: the

text: Polish

text: Commission

text: for

text: the

text: Determination

text: of

text: Place

text: Names

question: In what year did the Polish government officially take over the administration in East Prussia?

answer: 1945

question: How was the pre-war population in East Prussia referred to as?

answer: Germanized Poles

text: Germanized Poles

question: How much did the Ukrainians make up in population as a percentage in East Prussia?

answer: 18.5%


text: As a ray of white sunlight travels through the atmosphere to the eye, some of the colors are scattered out of the beam by air molecules and airborne particles due to Rayleigh scattering, changing the final color of the beam that is seen. Colors with a shorter wavelength, such as blue and green, scatter more strongly, and are removed from the light that finally reaches the eye. At sunrise and sunset, when the path of the sunlight through the atmosphere to the eye is longest, the blue and green components are removed almost completely, leaving the longer wavelength orange and red light. The remaining reddened sunlight can also be scattered by cloud droplets and other relatively large particles, which give the sky above the horizon its red glow.

title: Red

title: Red

text: As

text: a

text: ray

text: of

text: white

text: sunlight

text: travels

text: through

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: to

text: the

text: eye

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: colors

text: are

text: scattered

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: beam

text: by

text: air

text: molecules

text: and

text: airborne

text: particles

text: due

text: to

text: Rayleigh

text: scattering

text: changing

text: the

text: final

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: beam

text: that

text: is

text: seen

text: Colors

text: with

text: a

text: shorter

text: wavelength

text: such

text: as

text: blue

text: and

text: green

text: scatter

text: more

text: strongly

text: and

text: are

text: removed

text: from

text: the

text: light

text: that

text: finally

text: reaches

text: the

text: eye

text: At

text: sunrise

text: and

text: sunset

text: when

text: the

text: path

text: of

text: the

text: sunlight

text: through

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: to

text: the

text: eye

text: is

text: longest

text: the

text: blue

text: and

text: green

text: components

text: are

text: removed

text: almost

text: completely

text: leaving

text: the

text: longer

text: wavelength

text: orange

text: and

text: red

text: light

text: The

text: remaining

text: reddened

text: sunlight

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: scattered

text: by

text: cloud

text: droplets

text: and

text: other

text: relatively

text: large

text: particles

text: which

text: give

text: the

text: sky

text: above

text: the

text: horizon

text: its

text: red

text: glow

question: What type of scattering is responsible for the shift in the color of sunlight?

answer: Rayleigh

text: Rayleigh

question: What occurs to colors of short wavelengths in Rayleigh scattering?

answer: scatter more strongly

text: scatter more strongly

question: What is the effect on blue and green light experiencing Rayleigh scattering during sunrise?

answer: removed almost completely

text: removed almost completely

question: In comparison to blue and green, what would describe the wavelength of orange or red light?

answer: longer

text: longer


text: A maakond (county) is the biggest administrative subdivision. The county government (Maavalitsus) of each county is led by a county governor (Maavanem), who represents the national government at the regional level. Governors are appointed by the Government of Estonia for a term of five years. Several changes were made to the borders of counties after Estonia became independent, most notably the formation of Valga County (from parts of Võru, Tartu and Viljandi counties) and Petseri County (area acquired from Russia with the 1920 Tartu Peace Treaty).

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: A

text: maakond

text: county

text: is

text: the

text: biggest

text: administrative

text: subdivision

text: The

text: county

text: government

text: Maavalitsus

text: of

text: each

text: county

text: is

text: led

text: by

text: a

text: county

text: governor

text: Maavanem

text: who

text: represents

text: the

text: national

text: government

text: at

text: the

text: regional

text: level

text: Governors

text: are

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: Estonia

text: for

text: a

text: term

text: of

text: five

text: years

text: Several

text: changes

text: were

text: made

text: to

text: the

text: borders

text: of

text: counties

text: after

text: Estonia

text: became

text: independent

text: most

text: notably

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: Valga

text: County

text: from

text: parts

text: of

text: Võru

text: Tartu

text: and

text: Viljandi

text: counties

text: and

text: Petseri

text: County

text: area

text: acquired

text: from

text: Russia

text: with

text: the

text: Tartu

text: Peace

text: Treaty

question: What is the largest administrative subdivision in Estonia?

answer: A maakond

text: A maakond

question: What is the county government in Estonia called?

answer: Maavalitsus

text: Maavalitsus

question: A Maavanem holds what position in Estonia?

answer: county governor

text: county governor

question: Who represents the national government on a local level?

answer: Maavanem

text: Maavanem


text: Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by Rötger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Carolines with Spain, which almost provoked a war, was in fact "a feint to cover the acquisition of the Marshall Islands", which went almost unnoticed at the time, despite the islands being the largest source of copra in Micronesia. Spain sold the islands to Germany in 1884 through papal mediation.

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: Subsequently

text: seven

text: other

text: chiefs

text: on

text: seven

text: other

text: islands

text: signed

text: a

text: treaty

text: in

text: German

text: and

text: Marshallese

text: and

text: a

text: final

text: copy

text: witnessed

text: by

text: Rötger

text: on

text: November

text: was

text: sent

text: to

text: the

text: German

text: Foreign

text: Office

text: The

text: Germans

text: erected

text: a

text: sign

text: declaring

text: a

text: Imperial

text: German

text: Protectorate

text: at

text: Jaluit

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: speculated

text: that

text: the

text: crisis

text: over

text: the

text: Carolines

text: with

text: Spain

text: which

text: almost

text: provoked

text: a

text: war

text: was

text: in

text: fact

text: a

text: feint

text: to

text: cover

text: the

text: acquisition

text: of

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: which

text: went

text: almost

text: unnoticed

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: despite

text: the

text: islands

text: being

text: the

text: largest

text: source

text: of

text: copra

text: in

text: Micronesia

text: Spain

text: sold

text: the

text: islands

text: to

text: Germany

text: in

text: through

text: papal

text: mediation

question: On what day was a final treaty signed between the Marshall Islands chiefs and the Germans?

answer: November 1

text: November 1

question: What status did the Marshall Islands have in Germany?

answer: Imperial German Protectorate

text: Imperial German Protectorate

question: What nation had control of the Carolines?

answer: Spain

text: Spain

question: What notable resource was available in the Marshall Islands?

answer: copra

text: copra

question: In what year did Germany buy the Marshalls from Spain?

answer: 1884


text: On November 2, 2014, the Cubs announced that Joe Maddon had signed a five-year contract to be the 54th manager in team history. On December 10, 2014, Maddon announced that the team had signed free agent Jon Lester to a 6-year, $155 million contract. Many other trades and acquisitions occurred during the off season. The opening day lineup for the Cubs contained five new players including rookie right fielder Jorge Soler. Rookies Kris Bryant and Addison Russell were in the starting lineup by mid-April, and rookie Kyle Schwarber was added in mid-June. The Cubs finished the 2015 season with a record of 97–65, third best in the majors. On October 7, in the 2015 National League Wild Card Game, Jake Arrieta pitched a complete game shutout and the Cubs defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates 4–0.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: On

text: November

text: the

text: Cubs

text: announced

text: that

text: Joe

text: Maddon

text: had

text: signed

text: a

text: five

text: year

text: contract

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: manager

text: in

text: team

text: history

text: On

text: December

text: Maddon

text: announced

text: that

text: the

text: team

text: had

text: signed

text: free

text: agent

text: Jon

text: Lester

text: to

text: a

text: million

text: contract

text: Many

text: other

text: trades

text: and

text: acquisitions

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: off

text: season

text: The

text: opening

text: day

text: lineup

text: for

text: the

text: Cubs

text: contained

text: five

text: new

text: players

text: including

text: rookie

text: right

text: fielder

text: Jorge

text: Soler

text: Rookies

text: Kris

text: Bryant

text: and

text: Addison

text: Russell

text: were

text: in

text: the

text: starting

text: lineup

text: by

text: mid

text: April

text: and

text: rookie

text: Kyle

text: Schwarber

text: was

text: added

text: in

text: mid

text: June

text: The

text: Cubs

text: finished

text: the

text: season

text: with

text: a

text: record

text: of

text: third

text: best

text: in

text: the

text: majors

text: On

text: October

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: League

text: Wild

text: Card

text: Game

text: Jake

text: Arrieta

text: pitched

text: a

text: complete

text: game

text: shutout

text: and

text: the

text: Cubs

text: defeated

text: the

text: Pittsburgh

text: Pirates

question: When did the Cubs announce that Joe Maddon had signed a five-year contract to be the 54th manager?

answer: November 2, 2014

text: November 2, 2014

question: Who did the team sign on December 10, 2014 as a free agent?

answer: Jon Lester

text: Jon Lester

question: How much was Jon Lester's contract worth?

answer: $155 million

text: $155 million

question: What was the record the Cubs finished with during the 2015 season?

answer: 97–65


text: This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and behaviors. This theoretical frame also emphasizes time in that human beings experience what they call emotion episodes— a "series of emotional states extended over time and organized around an underlying theme." This theory has been utilized by numerous researchers to better understand emotion from a communicative lens, and was reviewed further by Howard M. Weiss and Daniel J. Beal in their article, "Reflections on Affective Events Theory", published in Research on Emotion in Organizations in 2005.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: This

text: is

text: a

text: communication

text: based

text: theory

text: developed

text: by

text: Howard

text: M.

text: Weiss

text: and

text: Russell

text: Cropanzano

text: that

text: looks

text: at

text: the

text: causes

text: structures

text: and

text: consequences

text: of

text: emotional

text: experience

text: especially

text: in

text: work

text: contexts

text: This

text: theory

text: suggests

text: that

text: emotions

text: are

text: influenced

text: and

text: caused

text: by

text: events

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: influence

text: attitudes

text: and

text: behaviors

text: This

text: theoretical

text: frame

text: also

text: emphasizes

text: time

text: in

text: that

text: human

text: beings

text: experience

text: what

text: they

text: call

text: emotion

text: episodes—

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: emotional

text: states

text: extended

text: over

text: time

text: and

text: organized

text: around

text: an

text: underlying

text: theme

text: This

text: theory

text: has

text: been

text: utilized

text: by

text: numerous

text: researchers

text: to

text: better

text: understand

text: emotion

text: from

text: a

text: communicative

text: lens

text: and

text: was

text: reviewed

text: further

text: by

text: Howard

text: M.

text: Weiss

text: and

text: Daniel

text: J.

text: Beal

text: in

text: their

text: article

text: Reflections

text: on

text: Affective

text: Events

text: Theory

text: published

text: in

text: Research

text: on

text: Emotion

text: in

text: Organizations

text: in

question: Along with Cropanzano, who developed a communication-based theory of emotional experience?

answer: Howard M. Weiss

text: Howard M. Weiss

question: When did Weiss and Cropanzano publish their work?

answer: 1996

question: What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano pay particular attention to?

answer: work

text: work

question: Who did Beal write "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" with?

answer: Howard M. Weiss

text: Howard M. Weiss

question: Where was "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" published?

answer: Research on Emotion in Organizations

text: Research on Emotion in Organizations


text: At the end of the Late Middle Ages, professional actors began to appear in England and Europe. Richard III and Henry VII both maintained small companies of professional actors. Their plays were performed in the Great Hall of a nobleman's residence, often with a raised platform at one end for the audience and a "screen" at the other for the actors. Also important were Mummers' plays, performed during the Christmas season, and court masques. These masques were especially popular during the reign of Henry VIII who had a House of Revels built and an Office of Revels established in 1545.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: professional

text: actors

text: began

text: to

text: appear

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: Europe

text: Richard

text: III

text: and

text: Henry

text: VII

text: both

text: maintained

text: small

text: companies

text: of

text: professional

text: actors

text: Their

text: plays

text: were

text: performed

text: in

text: the

text: Great

text: Hall

text: of

text: a

text: nobleman

text: 's

text: residence

text: often

text: with

text: a

text: raised

text: platform

text: at

text: one

text: end

text: for

text: the

text: audience

text: and

text: a

text: screen

text: at

text: the

text: other

text: for

text: the

text: actors

text: Also

text: important

text: were

text: Mummers

text: plays

text: performed

text: during

text: the

text: Christmas

text: season

text: and

text: court

text: masques

text: These

text: masques

text: were

text: especially

text: popular

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: who

text: had

text: a

text: House

text: of

text: Revels

text: built

text: and

text: an

text: Office

text: of

text: Revels

text: established

text: in

question: Which Late Middle Age English kings kept their own troupes of professional actors?

answer: Richard III and Henry VII

text: Richard III and Henry VII

question: Who performed the seasonal Christmas plays?

answer: Mummers

text: Mummers

question: In what year did Henry VIII establish an Office of Revels?

answer: 1545

question: What did Henry VIII build in 1545 for the benefit of the theatrical arts?

answer: House of Revels

text: House of Revels

question: In what part of a nobleman's house were plays performed?

answer: the Great Hall

text: the Great Hall


text: The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt considered the most important centre of the maritime transport in the Middle East, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869 after 10 years of construction work, it allows ship transport between Europe and Asia without navigation around Africa. The northern terminus is Port Said and the southern terminus is Port Tawfiq at the city of Suez. Ismailia lies on its west bank, 3 km (1.9 mi) from the half-way point.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: The

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: is

text: an

text: artificial

text: sea

text: level

text: waterway

text: in

text: Egypt

text: considered

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: maritime

text: transport

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: connecting

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: and

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: Opened

text: in

text: November

text: after

text: years

text: of

text: construction

text: work

text: it

text: allows

text: ship

text: transport

text: between

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: without

text: navigation

text: around

text: Africa

text: The

text: northern

text: terminus

text: is

text: Port

text: Said

text: and

text: the

text: southern

text: terminus

text: is

text: Port

text: Tawfiq

text: at

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Suez

text: Ismailia

text: lies

text: on

text: its

text: west

text: bank

text: km

text: mi

text: from

text: the

text: half

text: way

text: point

question: What is consideredt the most important part of maritime transport in middle east?

answer: The Suez Canal

text: The Suez Canal

question: Is the Suez Canal natural?

answer: artificial sea-level waterway

text: artificial sea-level waterway

question: What 2 bodies of water does Suez connect?

answer: Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea

text: Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea

question: When was Suez canal completed?

answer: November 1869

text: November 1869


text: In some Muslim countries DST is temporarily abandoned during Ramadan (the month when no food should be eaten between sunrise and sunset), since the DST would delay the evening dinner. Ramadan took place in July and August in 2012. This concerns at least Morocco and Palestine, although Iran keeps DST during Ramadan. Most Muslim countries do not use DST, partially for this reason.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: In

text: some

text: Muslim

text: countries

text: DST

text: is

text: temporarily

text: abandoned

text: during

text: Ramadan

text: the

text: month

text: when

text: no

text: food

text: should

text: be

text: eaten

text: between

text: sunrise

text: and

text: sunset

text: since

text: the

text: DST

text: would

text: delay

text: the

text: evening

text: dinner

text: Ramadan

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: July

text: and

text: August

text: in

text: This

text: concerns

text: at

text: least

text: Morocco

text: and

text: Palestine

text: although

text: Iran

text: keeps

text: DST

text: during

text: Ramadan

text: Most

text: Muslim

text: countries

text: do

text: not

text: use

text: DST

text: partially

text: for

text: this

text: reason

question: What do Muslims call the month when they fast between sunup and sundown?

answer: Ramadan

text: Ramadan

question: What would DST delay if observed during the Muslim holy month?

answer: the evening dinner

text: the evening dinner

question: What Muslim country continues to observe DST during Ramadan?

answer: Iran

text: Iran

question: When was Ramadan in 2012?

answer: July and August

text: July and August


text: Before the French and Indian War, the Appalachian Mountains laid on the indeterminate boundary between Britain's colonies along the Atlantic and French areas centered in the Mississippi basin. After the French and Indian War, the Proclamation of 1763 restricted settlement for Great Britain's thirteen original colonies in North America to east of the summit line of the mountains (except in the northern regions where the Great Lakes formed the boundary). Although the line was adjusted several times to take frontier settlements into account and was impossible to enforce as law, it was strongly resented by backcountry settlers throughout the Appalachians. The Proclamation Line can be seen as one of the grievances which led to the American Revolutionary War. Many frontier settlers held that the defeat of the French opened the land west of the mountains to English settlement, only to find settlement barred by the British King's proclamation. The backcountry settlers who fought in the Illinois campaign of George Rogers Clark were motivated to secure their settlement of Kentucky.

title: Appalachian_Mountains

title: Appalachian_Mountains

text: Before

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: Indian

text: War

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: laid

text: on

text: the

text: indeterminate

text: boundary

text: between

text: Britain

text: 's

text: colonies

text: along

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: and

text: French

text: areas

text: centered

text: in

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: basin

text: After

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: Indian

text: War

text: the

text: Proclamation

text: of

text: restricted

text: settlement

text: for

text: Great

text: Britain

text: 's

text: thirteen

text: original

text: colonies

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: to

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: summit

text: line

text: of

text: the

text: mountains

text: except

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: regions

text: where

text: the

text: Great

text: Lakes

text: formed

text: the

text: boundary

text: Although

text: the

text: line

text: was

text: adjusted

text: several

text: times

text: to

text: take

text: frontier

text: settlements

text: into

text: account

text: and

text: was

text: impossible

text: to

text: enforce

text: as

text: law

text: it

text: was

text: strongly

text: resented

text: by

text: backcountry

text: settlers

text: throughout

text: the

text: Appalachians

text: The

text: Proclamation

text: Line

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: grievances

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: American

text: Revolutionary

text: War

text: Many

text: frontier

text: settlers

text: held

text: that

text: the

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: opened

text: the

text: land

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: mountains

text: to

text: English

text: settlement

text: only

text: to

text: find

text: settlement

text: barred

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: King

text: 's

text: proclamation

text: The

text: backcountry

text: settlers

text: who

text: fought

text: in

text: the

text: Illinois

text: campaign

text: of

text: George

text: Rogers

text: Clark

text: were

text: motivated

text: to

text: secure

text: their

text: settlement

text: of

text: Kentucky

question: Where did the mountains lay before the French and Indian War?

answer: on the indeterminate boundary between Britain's colonies along the Atlantic and French areas centered in the Mississippi basin

text: on the indeterminate boundary between Britain's colonies along the Atlantic and French areas centered in the Mississippi basin

question: What happened after the French and Indian War?

answer: the Proclamation of 1763 restricted settlement for Great Britain's thirteen original colonies in North America to east of the summit line of the mountains

text: the Proclamation of 1763 restricted settlement for Great Britain's thirteen original colonies in North America to east of the summit line of the mountains

question: What was the general opinion of the law?

answer: it was strongly resented by backcountry settlers throughout the Appalachians

text: it was strongly resented by backcountry settlers throughout the Appalachians

question: What did the law likely lead to?

answer: the American Revolutionary War

text: the American Revolutionary War

question: What did the backcountry settlers want to secure?

answer: their settlement of Kentucky

text: their settlement of Kentucky


text: The structure of hardwoods is more complex. The water conducting capability is mostly taken care of by vessels: in some cases (oak, chestnut, ash) these are quite large and distinct, in others (buckeye, poplar, willow) too small to be seen without a hand lens. In discussing such woods it is customary to divide them into two large classes, ring-porous and diffuse-porous.

title: Wood

title: Wood

text: The

text: structure

text: of

text: hardwoods

text: is

text: more

text: complex

text: The

text: water

text: conducting

text: capability

text: is

text: mostly

text: taken

text: care

text: of

text: by

text: vessels

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: oak

text: chestnut

text: ash

text: these

text: are

text: quite

text: large

text: and

text: distinct

text: in

text: others

text: buckeye

text: poplar

text: willow

text: too

text: small

text: to

text: be

text: seen

text: without

text: a

text: hand

text: lens

text: In

text: discussing

text: such

text: woods

text: it

text: is

text: customary

text: to

text: divide

text: them

text: into

text: two

text: large

text: classes

text: ring

text: porous

text: and

text: diffuse

text: porous

question: Is the structure of hardwood simple or complex?

answer: complex

text: complex

question: What handles most of the water conduction in hardwoods?

answer: vessels

text: vessels

question: Are the vessels in chestnut wood large or small?

answer: large

text: large

question: In wood from a willow tree, what would you need to use to see the tiny vessels?

answer: a hand lens

text: a hand lens

question: Besides ring-porous, what's the other class hardwoods are often divided into?

answer: diffuse-porous

text: diffuse-porous


text: The revived Georgian style that emerged in Britain at the beginning of the 20th century is usually referred to as Neo-Georgian; the work of Edwin Lutyens includes many examples. Versions of the Neo-Georgian style were commonly used in Britain for certain types of urban architecture until the late 1950s, Bradshaw Gass & Hope's Police Headquarters in Salford of 1958 being a good example. In both the United States and Britain, the Georgian style is still employed by architects like Quinlan Terry Julian Bicknell and Fairfax and Sammons for private residences.

title: Georgian_architecture

title: Georgian_architecture

text: The

text: revived

text: Georgian

text: style

text: that

text: emerged

text: in

text: Britain

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: is

text: usually

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Neo

text: Georgian

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Edwin

text: Lutyens

text: includes

text: many

text: examples

text: Versions

text: of

text: the

text: Neo

text: Georgian

text: style

text: were

text: commonly

text: used

text: in

text: Britain

text: for

text: certain

text: types

text: of

text: urban

text: architecture

text: until

text: the

text: late

text: Bradshaw

text: Gass

text: Hope

text: 's

text: Police

text: Headquarters

text: in

text: Salford

text: of

text: being

text: a

text: good

text: example

text: In

text: both

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Britain

text: the

text: Georgian

text: style

text: is

text: still

text: employed

text: by

text: architects

text: like

text: Quinlan

text: Terry

text: Julian

text: Bicknell

text: and

text: Fairfax

text: and

text: Sammons

text: for

text: private

text: residences

question: The British revival of Georgian architecture in the 20th century is generally referred to as?

answer: Neo-Georgian

text: Neo-Georgian

question: Which police headquarters was constructed in 1958?

answer: Bradshaw Gass & Hope's Police Headquarters

text: Bradshaw Gass & Hope's Police Headquarters

question: Which architects in the US and Britain still employ the Georgian style for private residences?

answer: Quinlan Terry Julian Bicknell and Fairfax and Sammons

text: Quinlan Terry Julian Bicknell and Fairfax and Sammons

question: Neo-Georgain style was common in Britain until the end of which decade?

answer: 1950s


text: The year 1759 saw several Prussian defeats. At the Battle of Kay, or Paltzig, the Russian Count Saltykov with 47,000 Russians defeated 26,000 Prussians commanded by General Carl Heinrich von Wedel. Though the Hanoverians defeated an army of 60,000 French at Minden, Austrian general Daun forced the surrender of an entire Prussian corps of 13,000 in the Battle of Maxen. Frederick himself lost half his army in the Battle of Kunersdorf (now Kunowice Poland), the worst defeat in his military career and one that drove him to the brink of abdication and thoughts of suicide. The disaster resulted partly from his misjudgment of the Russians, who had already demonstrated their strength at Zorndorf and at Gross-Jägersdorf (now Motornoye, Russia), and partly from good cooperation between the Russian and Austrian forces.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: The

text: year

text: saw

text: several

text: Prussian

text: defeats

text: At

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Kay

text: or

text: Paltzig

text: the

text: Russian

text: Count

text: Saltykov

text: with

text: Russians

text: defeated

text: Prussians

text: commanded

text: by

text: General

text: Carl

text: Heinrich

text: von

text: Wedel

text: Though

text: the

text: Hanoverians

text: defeated

text: an

text: army

text: of

text: French

text: at

text: Minden

text: Austrian

text: general

text: Daun

text: forced

text: the

text: surrender

text: of

text: an

text: entire

text: Prussian

text: corps

text: of

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Maxen

text: Frederick

text: himself

text: lost

text: half

text: his

text: army

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Kunersdorf

text: now

text: Kunowice

text: Poland

text: the

text: worst

text: defeat

text: in

text: his

text: military

text: career

text: and

text: one

text: that

text: drove

text: him

text: to

text: the

text: brink

text: of

text: abdication

text: and

text: thoughts

text: of

text: suicide

text: The

text: disaster

text: resulted

text: partly

text: from

text: his

text: misjudgment

text: of

text: the

text: Russians

text: who

text: had

text: already

text: demonstrated

text: their

text: strength

text: at

text: Zorndorf

text: and

text: at

text: Gross

text: Jägersdorf

text: now

text: Motornoye

text: Russia

text: and

text: partly

text: from

text: good

text: cooperation

text: between

text: the

text: Russian

text: and

text: Austrian

text: forces

question: How did the Prussian army perform in 1759/

answer: 1759 saw several Prussian defeats

text: 1759 saw several Prussian defeats

question: How would one characterize the encounter with the Russian army in 1757?

answer: 47,000 Russians defeated 26,000 Prussians

text: 47,000 Russians defeated 26,000 Prussians

question: What was the result of the Battle of Maxen?

answer: Austrian general Daun forced the surrender of an entire Prussian corps of 13,000

text: Austrian general Daun forced the surrender of an entire Prussian corps of 13,000

question: What happened at Minden in 1757?

answer: the Hanoverians defeated an army of 60,000 French

text: the Hanoverians defeated an army of 60,000 French

question: What happened to Frederick's army at the Battle at Kunersdorf?

answer: Frederick himself lost half his army

text: Frederick himself lost half his army


text: In terms of casting and production itself, Spielberg has a known penchant for working with actors and production members from his previous films. For instance, he has cast Richard Dreyfuss in several films: Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Always. Aside from his role as Indiana Jones, Spielberg also cast Harrison Ford as a headteacher in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (though the scene was ultimately cut). Although Spielberg directed veteran voice actor Frank Welker only once (in Raiders of the Lost Ark, for which he voiced many of the animals), Welker has lent his voice in a number of productions Spielberg has executive produced from Gremlins to its sequel Gremlins 2: The New Batch, as well as The Land Before Time, Who Framed Roger Rabbit, and television shows such as Tiny Toons, Animaniacs, and SeaQuest DSV. Spielberg has used Tom Hanks on several occasions and has cast him in Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can, The Terminal, and Bridge of Spies. Spielberg has collaborated with Tom Cruise twice on Minority Report and War of the Worlds, and cast Shia LaBeouf in five films: Transformers, Eagle Eye, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, and Transformers: Dark of the Moon.

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: casting

text: and

text: production

text: itself

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: a

text: known

text: penchant

text: for

text: working

text: with

text: actors

text: and

text: production

text: members

text: from

text: his

text: previous

text: films

text: For

text: instance

text: he

text: has

text: cast

text: Richard

text: Dreyfuss

text: in

text: several

text: films

text: Jaws

text: Close

text: Encounters

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Kind

text: and

text: Always

text: Aside

text: from

text: his

text: role

text: as

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: Spielberg

text: also

text: cast

text: Harrison

text: Ford

text: as

text: a

text: headteacher

text: in

text: E.T.

text: the

text: Extra

text: Terrestrial

text: though

text: the

text: scene

text: was

text: ultimately

text: cut

text: Although

text: Spielberg

text: directed

text: veteran

text: voice

text: actor

text: Frank

text: Welker

text: only

text: once

text: in

text: Raiders

text: of

text: the

text: Lost

text: Ark

text: for

text: which

text: he

text: voiced

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: animals

text: Welker

text: has

text: lent

text: his

text: voice

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: productions

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: executive

text: produced

text: from

text: Gremlins

text: to

text: its

text: sequel

text: Gremlins

text: The

text: New

text: Batch

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: The

text: Land

text: Before

text: Time

text: Who

text: Framed

text: Roger

text: Rabbit

text: and

text: television

text: shows

text: such

text: as

text: Tiny

text: Toons

text: Animaniacs

text: and

text: SeaQuest

text: DSV

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: used

text: Tom

text: Hanks

text: on

text: several

text: occasions

text: and

text: has

text: cast

text: him

text: in

text: Saving

text: Private

text: Ryan

text: Catch

text: Me

text: If

text: You

text: Can

text: The

text: Terminal

text: and

text: Bridge

text: of

text: Spies

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: collaborated

text: with

text: Tom

text: Cruise

text: twice

text: on

text: Minority

text: Report

text: and

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Worlds

text: and

text: cast

text: Shia

text: LaBeouf

text: in

text: five

text: films

text: Transformers

text: Eagle

text: Eye

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: and

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: the

text: Crystal

text: Skull

text: Transformers

text: Revenge

text: of

text: the

text: Fallen

text: and

text: Transformers

text: Dark

text: of

text: the

text: Moon

question: Which Spielberg films has Dreyfuss been in?

answer: Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Always

text: Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Always

question: Who was Ford going to play in E.T., until the scene was removed?

answer: a headteacher

text: a headteacher

question: Which Spielberg TV shows has Frank Welker been a voice actor for?

answer: Tiny Toons, Animaniacs, and SeaQuest DSV

text: Tiny Toons, Animaniacs, and SeaQuest DSV

question: Which Spielberg films has Tom Hanks been in?

answer: Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can, The Terminal, and Bridge of Spies

text: Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can, The Terminal, and Bridge of Spies

question: Which Spielberg films has Tom Cruise been in?

answer: Minority Report and War of the Worlds

text: Minority Report and War of the Worlds


text: Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry. As slavery became a racial caste, those who were enslaved and others of any African ancestry were classified by what is termed "hypodescent" according to the lower status ethnic group. Many of majority European ancestry and appearance "married white" and assimilated into white society for its social and economic advantages, such as generations of families identified as Melungeons, now generally classified as white but demonstrated genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry.

title: Multiracial_American

title: Multiracial_American

text: Americans

text: with

text: Sub

text: Saharan

text: African

text: ancestry

text: for

text: historical

text: reasons

text: slavery

text: partus

text: sequitur

text: ventrem

text: one

text: eighth

text: law

text: the

text: one

text: drop

text: rule

text: of

text: century

text: legislation

text: have

text: frequently

text: been

text: classified

text: as

text: black

text: historically

text: or

text: African

text: American

text: even

text: if

text: they

text: have

text: significant

text: European

text: American

text: or

text: Native

text: American

text: ancestry

text: As

text: slavery

text: became

text: a

text: racial

text: caste

text: those

text: who

text: were

text: enslaved

text: and

text: others

text: of

text: any

text: African

text: ancestry

text: were

text: classified

text: by

text: what

text: is

text: termed

text: hypodescent

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: lower

text: status

text: ethnic

text: group

text: Many

text: of

text: majority

text: European

text: ancestry

text: and

text: appearance

text: married

text: white

text: and

text: assimilated

text: into

text: white

text: society

text: for

text: its

text: social

text: and

text: economic

text: advantages

text: such

text: as

text: generations

text: of

text: families

text: identified

text: as

text: Melungeons

text: now

text: generally

text: classified

text: as

text: white

text: but

text: demonstrated

text: genetically

text: to

text: be

text: of

text: European

text: and

text: sub

text: Saharan

text: African

text: ancestry

question: Americans with African ancestry have always been classified as what race?

answer: black (historically) or African American

text: black (historically) or African American

question: What were slaves and others of African ancestry classified by what term?

answer: hypodescent

text: hypodescent

question: Melungeons are generally classified as white but what are they genetically what other races?

answer: European and sub-Saharan African ancestry

text: European and sub-Saharan African ancestry

question: What did many with European ancetry "marry white" and want to be part of the white society?

answer: for its social and economic advantages

text: for its social and economic advantages

question: Which Americans have been historically classified as African American or black?

answer: Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry

text: Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry

question: What caused lower classification status for African Americans?

answer: slavery became a racial caste

text: slavery became a racial caste

question: How did many multiracial Americans attain social and economic advantages?

answer: Many of majority European ancestry and appearance "married white" and assimilated into white society

text: Many of majority European ancestry and appearance "married white" and assimilated into white society

question: What are some historical reasons multiracial Americans have been classified as black?

answer: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation

text: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation

question: What is the group called who are genetically sub Saharan and European but are classified as white?

answer: Melungeons,

text: Melungeons,

question: What is Melungeon?

answer: genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry.

text: genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry.

question: What does it mean to have "marred white"?

answer: assimilated into white society

text: assimilated into white society

question: What were those with Sub-Saharan African ancestory classified as?

answer: black (historically) or African American

text: black (historically) or African American

question: What were slaves and Africans classified by?

answer: hypodescent

text: hypodescent


text: Portugal has considerable resources of wind and river power, the two most cost-effective renewable sources. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been a trend towards the development of a renewable resource industry and reduction of both consumption and use of fossil fuel resources. In 2006, the world's largest solar power plant at that date, the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station, began operating near Moura, in the south, while the world's first commercial wave power farm, the Aguçadoura Wave Farm, opened in the Norte region (2008). By the end of 2006, 66% of the country's electrical production was from coal and fuel power plants, while 29% were derived from hydroelectric dams, and 6% by wind energy.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Portugal

text: has

text: considerable

text: resources

text: of

text: wind

text: and

text: river

text: power

text: the

text: two

text: most

text: cost

text: effective

text: renewable

text: sources

text: Since

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: trend

text: towards

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: a

text: renewable

text: resource

text: industry

text: and

text: reduction

text: of

text: both

text: consumption

text: and

text: use

text: of

text: fossil

text: fuel

text: resources

text: In

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: solar

text: power

text: plant

text: at

text: that

text: date

text: the

text: Moura

text: Photovoltaic

text: Power

text: Station

text: began

text: operating

text: near

text: Moura

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: while

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: commercial

text: wave

text: power

text: farm

text: the

text: Aguçadoura

text: Wave

text: Farm

text: opened

text: in

text: the

text: Norte

text: region

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: electrical

text: production

text: was

text: from

text: coal

text: and

text: fuel

text: power

text: plants

text: while

text: were

text: derived

text: from

text: hydroelectric

text: dams

text: and

text: by

text: wind

text: energy

question: What are the two most considerable sources of renewable energy in Portugal?

answer: wind and river power

text: wind and river power

question: Where was Moura Photovoltaic Power Station located?

answer: Moura, in the south

text: Moura, in the south

question: Where was the Agucadoura Wave Farm located?

answer: Norte region

text: Norte region

question: By the end of 2006, what percentage of Portugal's energy production was from renewable sources?

answer: 29%


text: An upgrade to Windows 8 known as Windows 8.1 was officially announced by Microsoft on May 14, 2013. Following a presentation devoted to the upgrade at Build 2013, a public beta version of the upgrade was released on June 26, 2013. Windows 8.1 was released to OEM hardware partners on August 27, 2013, and released publicly as a free download through Windows Store on October 17, 2013. Volume license customers and subscribers to MSDN Plus and TechNet Plus were initially unable to obtain the RTM version upon its release; a spokesperson said the policy was changed to allow Microsoft to work with OEMs "to ensure a quality experience at general availability." However, after criticism, Microsoft reversed its decision and released the RTM build on MSDN and TechNet on September 9, 2013.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: An

text: upgrade

text: to

text: Windows

text: known

text: as

text: Windows

text: was

text: officially

text: announced

text: by

text: Microsoft

text: on

text: May

text: Following

text: a

text: presentation

text: devoted

text: to

text: the

text: upgrade

text: at

text: Build

text: a

text: public

text: beta

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: upgrade

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: June

text: Windows

text: was

text: released

text: to

text: OEM

text: hardware

text: partners

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: released

text: publicly

text: as

text: a

text: free

text: download

text: through

text: Windows

text: Store

text: on

text: October

text: Volume

text: license

text: customers

text: and

text: subscribers

text: to

text: MSDN

text: Plus

text: and

text: TechNet

text: Plus

text: were

text: initially

text: unable

text: to

text: obtain

text: the

text: RTM

text: version

text: upon

text: its

text: release

text: a

text: spokesperson

text: said

text: the

text: policy

text: was

text: changed

text: to

text: allow

text: Microsoft

text: to

text: work

text: with

text: OEMs

text: to

text: ensure

text: a

text: quality

text: experience

text: at

text: general

text: availability

text: However

text: after

text: criticism

text: Microsoft

text: reversed

text: its

text: decision

text: and

text: released

text: the

text: RTM

text: build

text: on

text: MSDN

text: and

text: TechNet

text: on

text: September

question: When was Windows 8.1 introduced?

answer: May 14, 2013

text: May 14, 2013

question: When did Microsoft release the beta version of Windows 8.1?

answer: June 26, 2013

text: June 26, 2013

question: When did MSDN and TechNet users gain access to Windows 8.1?

answer: September 9, 2013

text: September 9, 2013


text: Livability.com named New Haven as the Best Foodie City in the country in 2014. There are 56 Zagat-rated restaurants in New Haven, the most in Connecticut and the third most in New England (after Boston and Cambridge). More than 120 restaurants are located within two blocks of the New Haven Green. The city is home to an eclectic mix of ethnic restaurants and small markets specializing in various foreign foods. Represented cuisines include Malaysian, Ethiopian, Spanish, Belgian, French, Greek, Latin American, Mexican, Italian, Thai, Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Korean, Indian, Jamaican, Cuban, Peruvian, Syrian/Lebanese, and Turkish.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: Livability.com

text: named

text: New

text: Haven

text: as

text: the

text: Best

text: Foodie

text: City

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: in

text: There

text: are

text: Zagat

text: rated

text: restaurants

text: in

text: New

text: Haven

text: the

text: most

text: in

text: Connecticut

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: in

text: New

text: England

text: after

text: Boston

text: and

text: Cambridge

text: More

text: than

text: restaurants

text: are

text: located

text: within

text: two

text: blocks

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: Haven

text: Green

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: an

text: eclectic

text: mix

text: of

text: ethnic

text: restaurants

text: and

text: small

text: markets

text: specializing

text: in

text: various

text: foreign

text: foods

text: Represented

text: cuisines

text: include

text: Malaysian

text: Ethiopian

text: Spanish

text: Belgian

text: French

text: Greek

text: Latin

text: American

text: Mexican

text: Italian

text: Thai

text: Chinese

text: Japanese

text: Vietnamese

text: Korean

text: Indian

text: Jamaican

text: Cuban

text: Peruvian

text: Syrian

text: Lebanese

text: and

text: Turkish

question: What distinction was afforded to New Haven in 2014 by Livability.com?

answer: Best Foodie City

text: Best Foodie City

question: How many Zagat-rated restaurants are located in New Haven?

answer: 56

question: What city in Connecticut has the highest number of Zagat-rated restaurants?

answer: New Haven

text: New Haven

question: How many restaurants can be accessed within a two block radius of New Haven Green?

answer: More than 120

text: More than 120

question: What website gave critical acclaim to New Haven for the city's food?

answer: Livability.com

text: Livability.com

question: How many restaurant are located in the center of New Haven's city?

answer: More than 120 restaurants

text: More than 120 restaurants

question: There are about how many Zagat-rated restaurants located in the city?

answer: 56

question: Within the cities there are markets that focus on what sort of cuisines?

answer: various foreign foods.

text: various foreign foods.