text: In 2004, West had his first of a number of public incidents during his attendance at music award events. At the American Music Awards of 2004, West stormed out of the auditorium after losing Best New Artist to country singer Gretchen Wilson. He later commented, "I felt like I was definitely robbed [...] I was the best new artist this year." After the 2006 Grammy nominations were released, West said he would "really have a problem" if he did not win the Album of the Year, saying, "I don't care what I do, I don't care how much I stunt – you can never take away from the amount of work I put into it. I don't want to hear all of that politically correct stuff." On November 2, 2006, when his "Touch the Sky" failed to win Best Video at the MTV Europe Music Awards, West went onto the stage as the award was being presented to Justice and Simian for "We Are Your Friends" and argued that he should have won the award instead. Hundreds of news outlets worldwide criticized the outburst. On November 7, 2006, West apologized for this outburst publicly during his performance as support act for U2 for their Vertigo concert in Brisbane. He later spoofed the incident on the 33rd season premiere of Saturday Night Live in September 2007.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: In

text: West

text: had

text: his

text: first

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: public

text: incidents

text: during

text: his

text: attendance

text: at

text: music

text: award

text: events

text: At

text: the

text: American

text: Music

text: Awards

text: of

text: West

text: stormed

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: auditorium

text: after

text: losing

text: Best

text: New

text: Artist

text: to

text: country

text: singer

text: Gretchen

text: Wilson

text: He

text: later

text: commented

text: I

text: felt

text: like

text: I

text: was

text: definitely

text: robbed

text: I

text: was

text: the

text: best

text: new

text: artist

text: this

text: year

text: After

text: the

text: Grammy

text: nominations

text: were

text: released

text: West

text: said

text: he

text: would

text: really

text: have

text: a

text: problem

text: if

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: win

text: the

text: Album

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: saying

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: care

text: what

text: I

text: do

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: care

text: how

text: much

text: I

text: stunt

text: you

text: can

text: never

text: take

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: work

text: I

text: put

text: into

text: it

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: want

text: to

text: hear

text: all

text: of

text: that

text: politically

text: correct

text: stuff

text: On

text: November

text: when

text: his

text: Touch

text: the

text: Sky

text: failed

text: to

text: win

text: Best

text: Video

text: at

text: the

text: MTV

text: Europe

text: Music

text: Awards

text: West

text: went

text: onto

text: the

text: stage

text: as

text: the

text: award

text: was

text: being

text: presented

text: to

text: Justice

text: and

text: Simian

text: for

text: We

text: Are

text: Your

text: Friends

text: and

text: argued

text: that

text: he

text: should

text: have

text: won

text: the

text: award

text: instead

text: Hundreds

text: of

text: news

text: outlets

text: worldwide

text: criticized

text: the

text: outburst

text: On

text: November

text: West

text: apologized

text: for

text: this

text: outburst

text: publicly

text: during

text: his

text: performance

text: as

text: support

text: act

text: for

text: for

text: their

text: Vertigo

text: concert

text: in

text: Brisbane

text: He

text: later

text: spoofed

text: the

text: incident

text: on

text: the

text: season

text: premiere

text: of

text: Saturday

text: Night

text: Live

text: in

text: September

question: To who did Kanye lose the Best New Artist award in 2004?

answer: Gretchen Wilson

text: Gretchen Wilson

question: The video for what song failed to win an award for again in 2006, leading to an onstage outburst by Kanye?

answer: Touch the Sky

text: Touch the Sky

question: What artist did Kanye West lose "Best New Artist" to at the 2004 AMAs?

answer: Gretchen Wilson

text: Gretchen Wilson

question: Which Kanye West video failed to win Best Video at the MTV Europe Music Awards?

answer: Touch the Sky

text: Touch the Sky

question: On what day did Kanye apologize for his ranting at the MTV Europe Awards?

answer: November 7, 2006

text: November 7, 2006

question: What show did Kanye perform a spoof about the incident at the MTV Europe Awards?

answer: Saturday Night Live

text: Saturday Night Live


text: The control unit (often called a control system or central controller) manages the computer's various components; it reads and interprets (decodes) the program instructions, transforming them into control signals that activate other parts of the computer. Control systems in advanced computers may change the order of execution of some instructions to improve performance.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: control

text: unit

text: often

text: called

text: a

text: control

text: system

text: or

text: central

text: controller

text: manages

text: the

text: computer

text: 's

text: various

text: components

text: it

text: reads

text: and

text: interprets

text: decodes

text: the

text: program

text: instructions

text: transforming

text: them

text: into

text: control

text: signals

text: that

text: activate

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: computer

text: Control

text: systems

text: in

text: advanced

text: computers

text: may

text: change

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: execution

text: of

text: some

text: instructions

text: to

text: improve

text: performance

question: What are other names for a control unit for a computer?

answer: a control system or central controller)

text: a control system or central controller)

question: Reading and interpreting from a control unit is called doing what?

answer: (decodes

text: (decodes


text: The prevalence of phantom pain in upper limb amputees is nearly 82%, and in lower limb amputees is 54%. One study found that eight days after amputation, 72 percent of patients had phantom limb pain, and six months later, 65 percent reported it. Some amputees experience continuous pain that varies in intensity or quality; others experience several bouts a day, or it may occur only once every week or two. It is often described as shooting, crushing, burning or cramping. If the pain is continuous for a long period, parts of the intact body may become sensitized, so that touching them evokes pain in the phantom limb, or phantom limb pain may accompany urination or defecation.

title: Pain

title: Pain

text: The

text: prevalence

text: of

text: phantom

text: pain

text: in

text: upper

text: limb

text: amputees

text: is

text: nearly

text: and

text: in

text: lower

text: limb

text: amputees

text: is

text: One

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: eight

text: days

text: after

text: amputation

text: percent

text: of

text: patients

text: had

text: phantom

text: limb

text: pain

text: and

text: six

text: months

text: later

text: percent

text: reported

text: it

text: Some

text: amputees

text: experience

text: continuous

text: pain

text: that

text: varies

text: in

text: intensity

text: or

text: quality

text: others

text: experience

text: several

text: bouts

text: a

text: day

text: or

text: it

text: may

text: occur

text: only

text: once

text: every

text: week

text: or

text: two

text: It

text: is

text: often

text: described

text: as

text: shooting

text: crushing

text: burning

text: or

text: cramping

text: If

text: the

text: pain

text: is

text: continuous

text: for

text: a

text: long

text: period

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: intact

text: body

text: may

text: become

text: sensitized

text: so

text: that

text: touching

text: them

text: evokes

text: pain

text: in

text: the

text: phantom

text: limb

text: or

text: phantom

text: limb

text: pain

text: may

text: accompany

text: urination

text: or

text: defecation

question: What percentage of people who've had upper limbs amputated feel phantom pain?

answer: nearly 82%

text: nearly 82%

question: What is the percentage of of phantom pain felt by lower limb amputees?

answer: 54%

question: What may accompany urination for amputees?

answer: phantom limb pain

text: phantom limb pain

question: What may happen with intact body parts if there is continuous pain for a long period?

answer: become sensitized

text: become sensitized

question: After six months, what percentage of people who had limbs amputated still felt pain in those limbs?

answer: 65 percent

text: 65 percent


text: Americans of English descent and Americans of Scots-Irish descent began moving into northern Florida from the backwoods of Georgia and South Carolina. Though technically not allowed by the Spanish authorities, the Spanish were never able to effectively police the border region and the backwoods settlers from the United States would continue to migrate into Florida unchecked. These migrants, mixing with the already present British settlers who had remained in Florida since the British period, would be the progenitors of the population known as Florida Crackers.

title: Florida

title: Florida

text: Americans

text: of

text: English

text: descent

text: and

text: Americans

text: of

text: Scots

text: Irish

text: descent

text: began

text: moving

text: into

text: northern

text: Florida

text: from

text: the

text: backwoods

text: of

text: Georgia

text: and

text: South

text: Carolina

text: Though

text: technically

text: not

text: allowed

text: by

text: the

text: Spanish

text: authorities

text: the

text: Spanish

text: were

text: never

text: able

text: to

text: effectively

text: police

text: the

text: border

text: region

text: and

text: the

text: backwoods

text: settlers

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: would

text: continue

text: to

text: migrate

text: into

text: Florida

text: unchecked

text: These

text: migrants

text: mixing

text: with

text: the

text: already

text: present

text: British

text: settlers

text: who

text: had

text: remained

text: in

text: Florida

text: since

text: the

text: British

text: period

text: would

text: be

text: the

text: progenitors

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: known

text: as

text: Florida

text: Crackers

question: Where did English and Scotch Irish descent move to Florida from

answer: English descent and Americans of Scots-Irish descent began moving into northern Florida from the backwoods of Georgia and South Carolina

text: English descent and Americans of Scots-Irish descent began moving into northern Florida from the backwoods of Georgia and South Carolina

question: Backwoods settlers of Northern Florida are known as

answer: Florida Crackers

text: Florida Crackers

question: Were the Spanish able to police the backwoods settlements

answer: Spanish were never able to effectively police the border region and the backwoods settlers

text: Spanish were never able to effectively police the border region and the backwoods settlers


text: Melbourne is an international cultural centre, with cultural endeavours spanning major events and festivals, drama, musicals, comedy, music, art, architecture, literature, film and television. The climate, waterfront location and nightlife make it one of the most vibrant destinations in Australia. For five years in a row (as of 2015) it has held the top position in a survey by The Economist Intelligence Unit of the world's most liveable cities on the basis of a number of attributes which include its broad cultural offerings. The city celebrates a wide variety of annual cultural events and festivals of all types, including Australia's largest free community festival—Moomba, the Melbourne International Arts Festival, Melbourne International Film Festival, Melbourne International Comedy Festival and the Melbourne Fringe Festival. The culture of the city is an important drawcard for tourists, of which just under two million international overnight visitors and 57.7 million domestic overnight visited during the year ending March 2014.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: cultural

text: centre

text: with

text: cultural

text: endeavours

text: spanning

text: major

text: events

text: and

text: festivals

text: drama

text: musicals

text: comedy

text: music

text: art

text: architecture

text: literature

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: The

text: climate

text: waterfront

text: location

text: and

text: nightlife

text: make

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: vibrant

text: destinations

text: in

text: Australia

text: For

text: five

text: years

text: in

text: a

text: row

text: as

text: of

text: it

text: has

text: held

text: the

text: top

text: position

text: in

text: a

text: survey

text: by

text: The

text: Economist

text: Intelligence

text: Unit

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: liveable

text: cities

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: attributes

text: which

text: include

text: its

text: broad

text: cultural

text: offerings

text: The

text: city

text: celebrates

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: annual

text: cultural

text: events

text: and

text: festivals

text: of

text: all

text: types

text: including

text: Australia

text: 's

text: largest

text: free

text: community

text: festival

text: Moomba

text: the

text: Melbourne

text: International

text: Arts

text: Festival

text: Melbourne

text: International

text: Film

text: Festival

text: Melbourne

text: International

text: Comedy

text: Festival

text: and

text: the

text: Melbourne

text: Fringe

text: Festival

text: The

text: culture

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: drawcard

text: for

text: tourists

text: of

text: which

text: just

text: under

text: two

text: million

text: international

text: overnight

text: visitors

text: and

text: million

text: domestic

text: overnight

text: visited

text: during

text: the

text: year

text: ending

text: March

question: Which factors make Melbourne one of the moust vibrant destinations in Australia?

answer: The climate, waterfront location and nightlife

text: The climate, waterfront location and nightlife

question: For how many years in a row has Melbourne held the top position in a survey of the world's most liveable cities?

answer: five

text: five

question: How many international overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014?

answer: just under two million

text: just under two million

question: How many domestic overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014?

answer: 57.7 million

text: 57.7 million

question: What is Australia's largest free community festival?

answer: Moomba

text: Moomba


text: The apartheid bureaucracy devised complex (and often arbitrary) criteria in the Population Registration Act of 1945 to determine who belonged in which group. Minor officials administered tests to enforce the classifications. When it was unclear from a person's physical appearance whether the individual should be considered Coloured or Black, the "pencil test" was used. A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil, rather than having it pass through, as it would with smoother hair. If so, the person was classified as Black. Such classifications sometimes divided families.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: The

text: apartheid

text: bureaucracy

text: devised

text: complex

text: and

text: often

text: arbitrary

text: criteria

text: in

text: the

text: Population

text: Registration

text: Act

text: of

text: to

text: determine

text: who

text: belonged

text: in

text: which

text: group

text: Minor

text: officials

text: administered

text: tests

text: to

text: enforce

text: the

text: classifications

text: When

text: it

text: was

text: unclear

text: from

text: a

text: person

text: 's

text: physical

text: appearance

text: whether

text: the

text: individual

text: should

text: be

text: considered

text: Coloured

text: or

text: Black

text: the

text: pencil

text: test

text: was

text: used

text: A

text: pencil

text: was

text: inserted

text: into

text: a

text: person

text: 's

text: hair

text: to

text: determine

text: if

text: the

text: hair

text: was

text: kinky

text: enough

text: to

text: hold

text: the

text: pencil

text: rather

text: than

text: having

text: it

text: pass

text: through

text: as

text: it

text: would

text: with

text: smoother

text: hair

text: If

text: so

text: the

text: person

text: was

text: classified

text: as

text: Black

text: Such

text: classifications

text: sometimes

text: divided

text: families

question: What act determined what class a citizen belonged to?

answer: the Population Registration Act of 1945

text: the Population Registration Act of 1945

question: What test was used to determine if someone was coloured or black?

answer: pencil test

text: pencil test

question: How did the pencil test work?

answer: A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil

text: A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil

question: Who administered the "Pencil Test"?

answer: Minor officials

text: Minor officials


text: With 39,000 acres (158 km2), the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states. In addition, the Black Kettle National Grassland covers 31,300 acres (127 km2) of prairie in southwestern Oklahoma. The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge is the oldest and largest of nine national wildlife refuges in the state and was founded in 1901, encompassing 59,020 acres (238.8 km2).

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: With

text: acres

text: the

text: Tallgrass

text: Prairie

text: Preserve

text: in

text: north

text: central

text: Oklahoma

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: protected

text: area

text: of

text: tallgrass

text: prairie

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: ecosystem

text: that

text: encompasses

text: only

text: percent

text: of

text: its

text: former

text: land

text: area

text: once

text: covering

text: states

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: Black

text: Kettle

text: National

text: Grassland

text: covers

text: acres

text: of

text: prairie

text: in

text: southwestern

text: Oklahoma

text: The

text: Wichita

text: Mountains

text: Wildlife

text: Refuge

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: and

text: largest

text: of

text: nine

text: national

text: wildlife

text: refuges

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: encompassing

text: acres

question: How large is the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve?

answer: 39,000 acres

text: 39,000 acres

question: What part of Oklahoma is the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in?

answer: north-central

text: north-central

question: The Tallgrass Prairie Preserve is the largest protected tallgrass prairie in what area?

answer: the world

text: the world

question: How many states were originally covered by the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve?

answer: 14

question: How many national wildlife refuges are in Oklahoma?

answer: nine

text: nine


text: Extensive and diverse public spending is, in itself, inherently at risk of cronyism, kickbacks, and embezzlement. Complicated regulations and arbitrary, unsupervised official conduct exacerbate the problem. This is one argument for privatization and deregulation. Opponents of privatization see the argument as ideological. The argument that corruption necessarily follows from the opportunity is weakened by the existence of countries with low to non-existent corruption but large public sectors, like the Nordic countries. These countries score high on the Ease of Doing Business Index, due to good and often simple regulations, and have rule of law firmly established. Therefore, due to their lack of corruption in the first place, they can run large public sectors without inducing political corruption. Recent evidence that takes both the size of expenditures and regulatory complexity into account has found that high-income democracies with more expansive state sectors do indeed have higher levels of corruption.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: Extensive

text: and

text: diverse

text: public

text: spending

text: is

text: in

text: itself

text: inherently

text: at

text: risk

text: of

text: cronyism

text: kickbacks

text: and

text: embezzlement

text: Complicated

text: regulations

text: and

text: arbitrary

text: unsupervised

text: official

text: conduct

text: exacerbate

text: the

text: problem

text: This

text: is

text: one

text: argument

text: for

text: privatization

text: and

text: deregulation

text: Opponents

text: of

text: privatization

text: see

text: the

text: argument

text: as

text: ideological

text: The

text: argument

text: that

text: corruption

text: necessarily

text: follows

text: from

text: the

text: opportunity

text: is

text: weakened

text: by

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: countries

text: with

text: low

text: to

text: non

text: existent

text: corruption

text: but

text: large

text: public

text: sectors

text: like

text: the

text: Nordic

text: countries

text: These

text: countries

text: score

text: high

text: on

text: the

text: Ease

text: of

text: Doing

text: Business

text: Index

text: due

text: to

text: good

text: and

text: often

text: simple

text: regulations

text: and

text: have

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: firmly

text: established

text: Therefore

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: lack

text: of

text: corruption

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: place

text: they

text: can

text: run

text: large

text: public

text: sectors

text: without

text: inducing

text: political

text: corruption

text: Recent

text: evidence

text: that

text: takes

text: both

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: expenditures

text: and

text: regulatory

text: complexity

text: into

text: account

text: has

text: found

text: that

text: high

text: income

text: democracies

text: with

text: more

text: expansive

text: state

text: sectors

text: do

text: indeed

text: have

text: higher

text: levels

text: of

text: corruption

question: Public spending has risks of kickbacks, embezzlement and what?

answer: cronyism

text: cronyism

question: What type of regulations make corruption worse for public spending?

answer: Complicated

text: Complicated

question: The potential for corruption in public spending are one of the arguments that favor what?

answer: privatization and deregulation

text: privatization and deregulation

question: What countries have big public sectors but low corruption?

answer: Nordic

text: Nordic

question: What do the low corruption countries have solidly established?

answer: rule of law

text: rule of law


text: In the American Old West, policing was often of very poor quality.[citation needed] The Army often provided some policing alongside poorly resourced sheriffs and temporarily organized posses.[citation needed] Public organizations were supplemented by private contractors, notably the Pinkerton National Detective Agency, which was hired by individuals, businessmen, local governments and the federal government. At its height, the Pinkerton Agency's numbers exceeded those of the United States Army.[citation needed]

title: Police

title: Police

text: In

text: the

text: American

text: Old

text: West

text: policing

text: was

text: often

text: of

text: very

text: poor

text: quality.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: Army

text: often

text: provided

text: some

text: policing

text: alongside

text: poorly

text: resourced

text: sheriffs

text: and

text: temporarily

text: organized

text: posses.[citation

text: needed

text: Public

text: organizations

text: were

text: supplemented

text: by

text: private

text: contractors

text: notably

text: the

text: Pinkerton

text: National

text: Detective

text: Agency

text: which

text: was

text: hired

text: by

text: individuals

text: businessmen

text: local

text: governments

text: and

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: At

text: its

text: height

text: the

text: Pinkerton

text: Agency

text: 's

text: numbers

text: exceeded

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Army.[citation

text: needed

question: What were the Old West's local police options?

answer: poorly resourced sheriffs and temporarily organized posses

text: poorly resourced sheriffs and temporarily organized posses

question: Which military branch helped the Old West's inadequate local police?

answer: The Army

text: The Army

question: Which military branch did the Pinkertons exceed at their height?

answer: Army

text: Army

question: Which private contractor acted as police for businesses?

answer: Pinkerton National Detective Agency

text: Pinkerton National Detective Agency


text: Intel had tried unsuccessfully to push Apple to migrate the Macintosh platform to Intel chips. Apple concluded that Intel's CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) architecture ultimately would not be able to compete against RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) processors. While the Motorola 68040 offered the same features as the Intel 80486 and could on a clock-for-clock basis significantly outperform the Intel chip, the 486 had the ability to be clocked significantly faster without suffering from overheating problems, especially the clock-doubled i486DX2 which ran the CPU logic at twice the external bus speed, giving such equipped IBM compatible systems a significant performance lead over their Macintosh equivalents. Apple's product design and engineering didn't help matters as they restricted the use of the '040 to their expensive Quadras for a time while the 486 was readily available to OEMs as well as enthusiasts who put together their own machines. In late 1991, as the higher-end Macintosh desktop lineup transitioned to the '040, Apple was unable to offer the '040 in their top-of-the-line PowerBooks until early 1994 with the PowerBook 500 series, several years after the first 486-powered IBM compatible laptops hit the market which cost Apple considerable sales. In 1993 Intel rolled out the Pentium processors as the successor to the 486, while the Motorola 68050 was never released, leaving the Macintosh platform a generation behind IBM compatibles in the latest CPU technology. In 1994, Apple abandoned Motorola CPUs for the RISC PowerPC architecture developed by the AIM alliance of Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola. The Power Macintosh line, the first to use the new chips, proved to be highly successful, with over a million PowerPC units sold in nine months. However, in the long run, spurning Intel for the PowerPC was a mistake as the commoditization of Intel-architecture chips meant Apple couldn't compete on price against "the Dells of the world".

title: Macintosh

title: Macintosh

text: Intel

text: had

text: tried

text: unsuccessfully

text: to

text: push

text: Apple

text: to

text: migrate

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: platform

text: to

text: Intel

text: chips

text: Apple

text: concluded

text: that

text: Intel

text: 's

text: CISC

text: Complex

text: Instruction

text: Set

text: Computer

text: architecture

text: ultimately

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: compete

text: against

text: RISC

text: Reduced

text: Instruction

text: Set

text: Computer

text: processors

text: While

text: the

text: Motorola

text: offered

text: the

text: same

text: features

text: as

text: the

text: Intel

text: and

text: could

text: on

text: a

text: clock

text: for

text: clock

text: basis

text: significantly

text: outperform

text: the

text: Intel

text: chip

text: the

text: had

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: be

text: clocked

text: significantly

text: faster

text: without

text: suffering

text: from

text: overheating

text: problems

text: especially

text: the

text: clock

text: doubled

text: which

text: ran

text: the

text: CPU

text: logic

text: at

text: twice

text: the

text: external

text: bus

text: speed

text: giving

text: such

text: equipped

text: IBM

text: compatible

text: systems

text: a

text: significant

text: performance

text: lead

text: over

text: their

text: Macintosh

text: equivalents

text: Apple

text: 's

text: product

text: design

text: and

text: engineering

text: did

text: n't

text: help

text: matters

text: as

text: they

text: restricted

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: to

text: their

text: expensive

text: Quadras

text: for

text: a

text: time

text: while

text: the

text: was

text: readily

text: available

text: to

text: OEMs

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: enthusiasts

text: who

text: put

text: together

text: their

text: own

text: machines

text: In

text: late

text: as

text: the

text: higher

text: end

text: Macintosh

text: desktop

text: lineup

text: transitioned

text: to

text: the

text: Apple

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: offer

text: the

text: in

text: their

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: line

text: PowerBooks

text: until

text: early

text: with

text: the

text: PowerBook

text: series

text: several

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: first

text: IBM

text: compatible

text: laptops

text: hit

text: the

text: market

text: which

text: cost

text: Apple

text: considerable

text: sales

text: In

text: Intel

text: rolled

text: out

text: the

text: Pentium

text: processors

text: as

text: the

text: successor

text: to

text: the

text: while

text: the

text: Motorola

text: was

text: never

text: released

text: leaving

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: platform

text: a

text: generation

text: behind

text: IBM

text: compatibles

text: in

text: the

text: latest

text: CPU

text: technology

text: In

text: Apple

text: abandoned

text: Motorola

text: CPUs

text: for

text: the

text: RISC

text: PowerPC

text: architecture

text: developed

text: by

text: the

text: AIM

text: alliance

text: of

text: Apple

text: Computer

text: IBM

text: and

text: Motorola

text: The

text: Power

text: Macintosh

text: line

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: new

text: chips

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: highly

text: successful

text: with

text: over

text: a

text: million

text: PowerPC

text: units

text: sold

text: in

text: nine

text: months

text: However

text: in

text: the

text: long

text: run

text: spurning

text: Intel

text: for

text: the

text: PowerPC

text: was

text: a

text: mistake

text: as

text: the

text: commoditization

text: of

text: Intel

text: architecture

text: chips

text: meant

text: Apple

text: could

text: n't

text: compete

text: on

text: price

text: against

text: the

text: Dells

text: of

text: the

text: world

question: What did Intel unsuccessfully try to push Apple to migrate to?

answer: Intel chips

text: Intel chips

question: Which platform did Apple choose to use?

answer: Motorola 68040

text: Motorola 68040

question: Who first rolled out Pentium processors in 1993?

answer: Intel

text: Intel

question: How far behind was Macintosh set back compared to the new IBM compatibles?

answer: a generation

text: a generation

question: When did Apple abandon Motorola CPU's?

answer: 1994


text: In 1929, Lionel Robbins assumed the helm of the London School of Economics (LSE). Eager to promote alternatives to what he regarded as the narrow approach of the school of economic thought that then dominated the English-speaking academic world (centred at the University of Cambridge and deriving largely from the work of Alfred Marshall), Robbins invited Hayek to join the faculty at LSE, which he did in 1931. According to Nicholas Kaldor, Hayek's theory of the time-structure of capital and of the business cycle initially "fascinated the academic world" and appeared to offer a less "facile and superficial" understanding of macroeconomics than the Cambridge school's.

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: In

text: Lionel

text: Robbins

text: assumed

text: the

text: helm

text: of

text: the

text: London

text: School

text: of

text: Economics

text: LSE

text: Eager

text: to

text: promote

text: alternatives

text: to

text: what

text: he

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: narrow

text: approach

text: of

text: the

text: school

text: of

text: economic

text: thought

text: that

text: then

text: dominated

text: the

text: English

text: speaking

text: academic

text: world

text: centred

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Cambridge

text: and

text: deriving

text: largely

text: from

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Alfred

text: Marshall

text: Robbins

text: invited

text: Hayek

text: to

text: join

text: the

text: faculty

text: at

text: LSE

text: which

text: he

text: did

text: in

text: According

text: to

text: Nicholas

text: Kaldor

text: Hayek

text: 's

text: theory

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: structure

text: of

text: capital

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: business

text: cycle

text: initially

text: fascinated

text: the

text: academic

text: world

text: and

text: appeared

text: to

text: offer

text: a

text: less

text: facile

text: and

text: superficial

text: understanding

text: of

text: macroeconomics

text: than

text: the

text: Cambridge

text: school

text: 's

question: Lionel Robbins came to head which school in 1929?

answer: London School of Economics

text: London School of Economics

question: In regards to economics, Lionel Robbins believe English-speaking academics had what?

answer: narrow approach

text: narrow approach

question: Which man's works were mostly the cause of the ''narrow approach''?

answer: Alfred Marshall

text: Alfred Marshall

question: Who was responsible for bringing on Hayek at the LSE?

answer: Lionel Robbins

text: Lionel Robbins

question: What did Nicholas Kaldor say Hayek brought to macroeconomics?

answer: less "facile and superficial" understanding

text: less "facile and superficial" understanding


text: In 1858, the French emperor Napoleon III successfully gained the possession, in the name of the French government, of Longwood House and the lands around it, last residence of Napoleon I (who died there in 1821). It is still French property, administered by a French representative and under the authority of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: In

text: the

text: French

text: emperor

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: successfully

text: gained

text: the

text: possession

text: in

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: government

text: of

text: Longwood

text: House

text: and

text: the

text: lands

text: around

text: it

text: last

text: residence

text: of

text: Napoleon

text: I

text: who

text: died

text: there

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: still

text: French

text: property

text: administered

text: by

text: a

text: French

text: representative

text: and

text: under

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Foreign

text: Affairs

question: Which french emperor gained possession of Longwood house and the land surrounding it?

answer: Napoleon III

text: Napoleon III

question: What year did the French Emperor Napoleon III take control of Longwood house?

answer: 1858

question: Who was the last resident of Longwood house before Napoleon III took it over?

answer: Napoleon I

text: Napoleon I

question: Who has authority over Longwood house?

answer: French Ministry of Foreign Affairs

text: French Ministry of Foreign Affairs


text: Kanye Omari West (/ˈkɑːnjeɪ/; born June 8, 1977) is an American hip hop recording artist, record producer, rapper, fashion designer, and entrepreneur. He is among the most acclaimed musicians of the 21st century, attracting both praise and controversy for his work and his outspoken public persona.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: Kanye

text: Omari

text: West

text: /ˈkɑːnjeɪ/

text: born

text: June

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: hip

text: hop

text: recording

text: artist

text: record

text: producer

text: rapper

text: fashion

text: designer

text: and

text: entrepreneur

text: He

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: most

text: acclaimed

text: musicians

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: attracting

text: both

text: praise

text: and

text: controversy

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: and

text: his

text: outspoken

text: public

text: persona

question: What year was Kanye born?

answer: 1977

question: What kind of music does Kanye West perform?

answer: hip hop

text: hip hop

question: What is Kanye West's middle name?

answer: Omari

text: Omari

question: When is Kanye West's birthday?

answer: June 8, 1977

text: June 8, 1977


text: There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time however, no other permanent member of the UN Security Council followed suit. In fact, in January 2005, an International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur, authorized by UN Security Council Resolution 1564 of 2004, issued a report to the Secretary-General stating that "the Government of the Sudan has not pursued a policy of genocide." Nevertheless, the Commission cautioned that "The conclusion that no genocidal policy has been pursued and implemented in Darfur by the Government authorities, directly or through the militias under their control, should not be taken in any way as detracting from the gravity of the crimes perpetrated in that region. International offences such as the crimes against humanity and war crimes that have been committed in Darfur may be no less serious and heinous than genocide."

title: Genocide

title: Genocide

text: There

text: has

text: been

text: much

text: debate

text: over

text: categorizing

text: the

text: situation

text: in

text: Darfur

text: as

text: genocide

text: The

text: ongoing

text: conflict

text: in

text: Darfur

text: Sudan

text: which

text: started

text: in

text: was

text: declared

text: a

text: genocide

text: by

text: United

text: States

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: Colin

text: Powell

text: on

text: September

text: in

text: testimony

text: before

text: the

text: Senate

text: Foreign

text: Relations

text: Committee

text: Since

text: that

text: time

text: however

text: no

text: other

text: permanent

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: UN

text: Security

text: Council

text: followed

text: suit

text: In

text: fact

text: in

text: January

text: an

text: International

text: Commission

text: of

text: Inquiry

text: on

text: Darfur

text: authorized

text: by

text: UN

text: Security

text: Council

text: Resolution

text: of

text: issued

text: a

text: report

text: to

text: the

text: Secretary

text: General

text: stating

text: that

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: the

text: Sudan

text: has

text: not

text: pursued

text: a

text: policy

text: of

text: genocide

text: Nevertheless

text: the

text: Commission

text: cautioned

text: that

text: The

text: conclusion

text: that

text: no

text: genocidal

text: policy

text: has

text: been

text: pursued

text: and

text: implemented

text: in

text: Darfur

text: by

text: the

text: Government

text: authorities

text: directly

text: or

text: through

text: the

text: militias

text: under

text: their

text: control

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: taken

text: in

text: any

text: way

text: as

text: detracting

text: from

text: the

text: gravity

text: of

text: the

text: crimes

text: perpetrated

text: in

text: that

text: region

text: International

text: offences

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: crimes

text: against

text: humanity

text: and

text: war

text: crimes

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: committed

text: in

text: Darfur

text: may

text: be

text: no

text: less

text: serious

text: and

text: heinous

text: than

text: genocide

question: What has been widely debated as a possible act of genocide in Sudan?

answer: situation in Darfur

text: situation in Darfur

question: In 2003 what well known U.S. Secretary of State declared the situation in Darfur as an act of genocide?

answer: Colin Powell

text: Colin Powell

question: In front of which committee did Powell testify?

answer: the Senate Foreign Relations Committee

text: the Senate Foreign Relations Committee

question: What did UN Security Council Resolution 1564 authorize in 2004?

answer: an International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur

text: an International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur

question: Despite some concessions, what act did the Commission ultimately state that Sudan had not pursued?

answer: genocidal policy

text: genocidal policy


text: The Late Jurassic spans from 163 million to 145 million years ago. The Late Jurassic featured a massive extinction of sauropods and Ichthyosaurs due to the separation of Pangaea into Laurasia and Gondwana in an extinction known as the Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction. Sea levels rose, destroying fern prairies and creating shallows in its wake. Ichthyosaurs went extinct whereas sauropods, as a whole, did not die out in the Jurassic; in fact, some species, like the Titanosaurus, lived up to the K-T extinction. The increase in sea-levels opened up the Atlantic sea way which would continue to get larger over time. The divided world would give opportunity for the diversification of new dinosaurs.

title: Mesozoic

title: Mesozoic

text: The

text: Late

text: Jurassic

text: spans

text: from

text: million

text: to

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: The

text: Late

text: Jurassic

text: featured

text: a

text: massive

text: extinction

text: of

text: sauropods

text: and

text: Ichthyosaurs

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: separation

text: of

text: Pangaea

text: into

text: Laurasia

text: and

text: Gondwana

text: in

text: an

text: extinction

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: Cretaceous

text: extinction

text: Sea

text: levels

text: rose

text: destroying

text: fern

text: prairies

text: and

text: creating

text: shallows

text: in

text: its

text: wake

text: Ichthyosaurs

text: went

text: extinct

text: whereas

text: sauropods

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: did

text: not

text: die

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: in

text: fact

text: some

text: species

text: like

text: the

text: Titanosaurus

text: lived

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: K

text: T

text: extinction

text: The

text: increase

text: in

text: sea

text: levels

text: opened

text: up

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: sea

text: way

text: which

text: would

text: continue

text: to

text: get

text: larger

text: over

text: time

text: The

text: divided

text: world

text: would

text: give

text: opportunity

text: for

text: the

text: diversification

text: of

text: new

text: dinosaurs

question: How many years did the Late Jurassic cover?

answer: 163 million to 145 million

text: 163 million to 145 million

question: What did the separation of Pangaea cause to become extinct?

answer: sauropods and Ichthyosaurs

text: sauropods and Ichthyosaurs

question: What is the extinction caused by the splitting of Pangaea called?

answer: Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction

text: Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction

question: What caused the destruction of fern prairies and increasing shallows?

answer: Sea levels rose

text: Sea levels rose

question: What did the rise in sea levels open in the seaways?

answer: Atlantic sea

text: Atlantic sea


text: Tanzania: Dar es Salaam was the torch's only stop in Africa, on April 13. The relay began at the grand terminal of the TAZARA Railway, which was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s, and continued for 5 km through the old city to the Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium in Temeke, which was built with Chinese aid in 2005. The torch was lit by Vice-President Ali Mohamed Shein. About a thousand people followed the relay, waving the Olympic flag. The only noted instance of protest was Nobel Peace Prize laureate Wangari Maathai's withdrawal from the list of torchbearers, in protest against human rights abuses in Tibet.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: Tanzania

text: Dar

text: es

text: Salaam

text: was

text: the

text: torch

text: 's

text: only

text: stop

text: in

text: Africa

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: relay

text: began

text: at

text: the

text: grand

text: terminal

text: of

text: the

text: TAZARA

text: Railway

text: which

text: was

text: China

text: 's

text: largest

text: foreign

text: aid

text: project

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: continued

text: for

text: km

text: through

text: the

text: old

text: city

text: to

text: the

text: Benjamin

text: Mkapa

text: National

text: Stadium

text: in

text: Temeke

text: which

text: was

text: built

text: with

text: Chinese

text: aid

text: in

text: The

text: torch

text: was

text: lit

text: by

text: Vice

text: President

text: Ali

text: Mohamed

text: Shein

text: About

text: a

text: thousand

text: people

text: followed

text: the

text: relay

text: waving

text: the

text: Olympic

text: flag

text: The

text: only

text: noted

text: instance

text: of

text: protest

text: was

text: Nobel

text: Peace

text: Prize

text: laureate

text: Wangari

text: Maathai

text: 's

text: withdrawal

text: from

text: the

text: list

text: of

text: torchbearers

text: in

text: protest

text: against

text: human

text: rights

text: abuses

text: in

text: Tibet

question: Where was the only African destination for the torch?

answer: Dar es Salaam

text: Dar es Salaam

question: When did the torch arrive in Dar es Salaam?

answer: April 13

text: April 13

question: Where did the route start for the torch in Dar es Salaam?

answer: the TAZARA Railway

text: the TAZARA Railway

question: Where was the solitary place the relay was held in Africa?

answer: Dar es Salaam

text: Dar es Salaam

question: What is the name of the railway where the Olympic torch relay began in Africa?

answer: TAZARA

text: TAZARA

question: Where did the relay terminate in Africa?

answer: Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium

text: Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium

question: What country paid for the stadium through aid money?

answer: China

text: China

question: Who it the torch in Africa?

answer: Vice-President Ali Mohamed Shein.

text: Vice-President Ali Mohamed Shein.


text: In 1931, RCA Victor introduced their vinyl-based Victrolac compound as a material for some unusual-format and special-purpose records. By the end of the 1930s vinyl's advantages of light weight, relative unbreakability and low surface noise had made it the material of choice for prerecorded radio programming and other critical applications. When it came to ordinary 78 rpm records, however, the much higher cost of the raw material, as well as its vulnerability to the heavy pickups and crudely mass-produced steel needles still commonly used in home record players, made its general substitution for shellac impractical at that time. During the Second World War, the United States Armed Forces produced thousands of 12-inch vinyl 78 rpm V-Discs for use by the troops overseas. After the war, the wider use of vinyl became more practical as new record players with relatively lightweight crystal pickups and precision-ground styli made of sapphire or an exotic osmium alloy proliferated. In late 1945, RCA Victor began offering special transparent red vinyl De Luxe pressings of some classical 78s, at a de luxe price. Later, Decca Records introduced vinyl Deccalite 78s, while other record companies came up with vinyl concoctions such as Metrolite, Merco Plastic and Sav-o-flex, but these were mainly used to produce "unbreakable" children's records and special thin vinyl DJ pressings for shipment to radio stations.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: In

text: RCA

text: Victor

text: introduced

text: their

text: vinyl

text: based

text: Victrolac

text: compound

text: as

text: a

text: material

text: for

text: some

text: unusual

text: format

text: and

text: special

text: purpose

text: records

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: vinyl

text: 's

text: advantages

text: of

text: light

text: weight

text: relative

text: unbreakability

text: and

text: low

text: surface

text: noise

text: had

text: made

text: it

text: the

text: material

text: of

text: choice

text: for

text: prerecorded

text: radio

text: programming

text: and

text: other

text: critical

text: applications

text: When

text: it

text: came

text: to

text: ordinary

text: rpm

text: records

text: however

text: the

text: much

text: higher

text: cost

text: of

text: the

text: raw

text: material

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: vulnerability

text: to

text: the

text: heavy

text: pickups

text: and

text: crudely

text: mass

text: produced

text: steel

text: needles

text: still

text: commonly

text: used

text: in

text: home

text: record

text: players

text: made

text: its

text: general

text: substitution

text: for

text: shellac

text: impractical

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: During

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: produced

text: thousands

text: of

text: vinyl

text: rpm

text: V

text: Discs

text: for

text: use

text: by

text: the

text: troops

text: overseas

text: After

text: the

text: war

text: the

text: wider

text: use

text: of

text: vinyl

text: became

text: more

text: practical

text: as

text: new

text: record

text: players

text: with

text: relatively

text: lightweight

text: crystal

text: pickups

text: and

text: precision

text: ground

text: styli

text: made

text: of

text: sapphire

text: or

text: an

text: exotic

text: osmium

text: alloy

text: proliferated

text: In

text: late

text: RCA

text: Victor

text: began

text: offering

text: special

text: transparent

text: red

text: vinyl

text: De

text: Luxe

text: pressings

text: of

text: some

text: classical

text: at

text: a

text: de

text: luxe

text: price

text: Later

text: Decca

text: Records

text: introduced

text: vinyl

text: Deccalite

text: while

text: other

text: record

text: companies

text: came

text: up

text: with

text: vinyl

text: concoctions

text: such

text: as

text: Metrolite

text: Merco

text: Plastic

text: and

text: Sav

text: o

text: flex

text: but

text: these

text: were

text: mainly

text: used

text: to

text: produce

text: unbreakable

text: children

text: 's

text: records

text: and

text: special

text: thin

text: vinyl

text: DJ

text: pressings

text: for

text: shipment

text: to

text: radio

text: stations

question: What material was used by RCA Victor for special purpose records?

answer: vinyl-based Victrolac compound

text: vinyl-based Victrolac compound

question: What was Metrolite and Sav-o-flex materials primarily used for?

answer: children's records

text: children's records

question: What year was the Victrolac compound released?

answer: 1931

question: What were advantages of vinyl in the 1930's?

answer: light weight, relative unbreakability and low surface noise

text: light weight, relative unbreakability and low surface noise

question: What was a downfall of ordinary 78 rpm vinyls in household house?

answer: higher cost

text: higher cost


text: While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activities and less disclosure of information about new activities undertaken by banks and other evolving financial institutions. Thus, policymakers did not immediately recognize the increasingly important role played by financial institutions such as investment banks and hedge funds, also known as the shadow banking system. Some experts believe these institutions had become as important as commercial (depository) banks in providing credit to the U.S. economy, but they were not subject to the same regulations.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: While

text: the

text: housing

text: and

text: credit

text: bubbles

text: were

text: building

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: factors

text: caused

text: the

text: financial

text: system

text: to

text: both

text: expand

text: and

text: become

text: increasingly

text: fragile

text: a

text: process

text: called

text: financialization

text: U.S.

text: Government

text: policy

text: from

text: the

text: onward

text: has

text: emphasized

text: deregulation

text: to

text: encourage

text: business

text: which

text: resulted

text: in

text: less

text: oversight

text: of

text: activities

text: and

text: less

text: disclosure

text: of

text: information

text: about

text: new

text: activities

text: undertaken

text: by

text: banks

text: and

text: other

text: evolving

text: financial

text: institutions

text: Thus

text: policymakers

text: did

text: not

text: immediately

text: recognize

text: the

text: increasingly

text: important

text: role

text: played

text: by

text: financial

text: institutions

text: such

text: as

text: investment

text: banks

text: and

text: hedge

text: funds

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: shadow

text: banking

text: system

text: Some

text: experts

text: believe

text: these

text: institutions

text: had

text: become

text: as

text: important

text: as

text: commercial

text: depository

text: banks

text: in

text: providing

text: credit

text: to

text: the

text: U.S.

text: economy

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: not

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: regulations

question: What institutions comprise the shadow banking system?

answer: investment banks and hedge funds

text: investment banks and hedge funds

question: What institutions are not subject to the same regulations as commercial banks?

answer: investment banks and hedge funds

text: investment banks and hedge funds

question: What process caused the financial system to both expand and become fragile?

answer: financialization

text: financialization

question: What policy has U.S. Government emphasized from the 1970's onward?

answer: deregulation

text: deregulation

question: Since the 1970's, what has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, but resulted in less oversight and less disclosure?

answer: U.S. Government policy

text: U.S. Government policy


text: Paragraph 6 of Article 29 stated that if a petition was successful a referendum should be held within three years. Since the deadline passed on 5 May 1958 without anything happening the Hesse state government filed a constitutional complaint with the Federal Constitutional Court in October 1958. The complaint was dismissed in July 1961 on the grounds that Article 29 had made the new delimitation of the federal territory an exclusively federal matter. At the same time, the Court reaffirmed the requirement for a territorial revision as a binding order to the relevant constitutional bodies.

title: States_of_Germany

title: States_of_Germany

text: Paragraph

text: of

text: Article

text: stated

text: that

text: if

text: a

text: petition

text: was

text: successful

text: a

text: referendum

text: should

text: be

text: held

text: within

text: three

text: years

text: Since

text: the

text: deadline

text: passed

text: on

text: May

text: without

text: anything

text: happening

text: the

text: Hesse

text: state

text: government

text: filed

text: a

text: constitutional

text: complaint

text: with

text: the

text: Federal

text: Constitutional

text: Court

text: in

text: October

text: The

text: complaint

text: was

text: dismissed

text: in

text: July

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: that

text: Article

text: had

text: made

text: the

text: new

text: delimitation

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: territory

text: an

text: exclusively

text: federal

text: matter

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: Court

text: reaffirmed

text: the

text: requirement

text: for

text: a

text: territorial

text: revision

text: as

text: a

text: binding

text: order

text: to

text: the

text: relevant

text: constitutional

text: bodies

question: Paragraph 6 of Article 29 states that a referendum, in the event of a successful petition should be held within how many years?

answer: three

text: three

question: What did the Hesse state government due when the May 5, 1958 deadline passed?

answer: filed a constitutional complaint

text: filed a constitutional complaint

question: When was the Hesse state government's complaint dismissed?

answer: July 1961

text: July 1961

question: On what grounds was the Hesse state government's complaint dismissed

answer: exclusively federal matter

text: exclusively federal matter


text: Another body established under the Good Friday Agreement, the British–Irish Council, is made up of all of the states and territories of the British Isles. The British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly (Irish: Tionól Pharlaiminteach na Breataine agus na hÉireann) predates the British–Irish Council and was established in 1990. Originally it comprised 25 members of the Oireachtas, the Irish parliament, and 25 members of the parliament of the United Kingdom, with the purpose of building mutual understanding between members of both legislatures. Since then the role and scope of the body has been expanded to include representatives from the Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, the Northern Ireland Assembly, the States of Jersey, the States of Guernsey and the High Court of Tynwald (Isle of Man).

title: British_Isles

title: British_Isles

text: Another

text: body

text: established

text: under

text: the

text: Good

text: Friday

text: Agreement

text: the

text: British

text: Irish

text: Council

text: is

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: and

text: territories

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Isles

text: The

text: British

text: Irish

text: Parliamentary

text: Assembly

text: Irish

text: Tionól

text: Pharlaiminteach

text: Breataine

text: agus

text: hÉireann

text: predates

text: the

text: British

text: Irish

text: Council

text: and

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: Originally

text: it

text: comprised

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Oireachtas

text: the

text: Irish

text: parliament

text: and

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: parliament

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: with

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: building

text: mutual

text: understanding

text: between

text: members

text: of

text: both

text: legislatures

text: Since

text: then

text: the

text: role

text: and

text: scope

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: has

text: been

text: expanded

text: to

text: include

text: representatives

text: from

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Parliament

text: the

text: National

text: Assembly

text: for

text: Wales

text: the

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Assembly

text: the

text: States

text: of

text: Jersey

text: the

text: States

text: of

text: Guernsey

text: and

text: the

text: High

text: Court

text: of

text: Tynwald

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

question: What was one of organizations that was founded because of the Good Friday Agreement?

answer: British–Irish Council

text: British–Irish Council

question: Which states belong to the British-Irish Council?

answer: all of the states and territories of the British Isles

text: all of the states and territories of the British Isles

question: How many Oireachtas members where there in the original British-Irish Parliamentary Assembly?

answer: 25

question: How many members of the United Kingdom Parliament were in the British-Irish Parliamentary Assembly originally?

answer: 25

question: The British-Irish Council has added representatives from which parliament?

answer: Scottish Parliament

text: Scottish Parliament


text: Modern geology, like modern chemistry, gradually evolved during the 18th and early 19th centuries. Benoît de Maillet and the Comte de Buffon saw the Earth as much older than the 6,000 years envisioned by biblical scholars. Jean-Étienne Guettard and Nicolas Desmarest hiked central France and recorded their observations on some of the first geological maps. Aided by chemical experimentation, naturalists such as Scotland's John Walker, Sweden's Torbern Bergman, and Germany's Abraham Werner created comprehensive classification systems for rocks and minerals—a collective achievement that transformed geology into a cutting edge field by the end of the eighteenth century. These early geologists also proposed a generalized interpretations of Earth history that led James Hutton, Georges Cuvier and Alexandre Brongniart, following in the steps of Steno, to argue that layers of rock could be dated by the fossils they contained: a principle first applied to the geology of the Paris Basin. The use of index fossils became a powerful tool for making geological maps, because it allowed geologists to correlate the rocks in one locality with those of similar age in other, distant localities. Over the first half of the 19th century, geologists such as Charles Lyell, Adam Sedgwick, and Roderick Murchison applied the new technique to rocks throughout Europe and eastern North America, setting the stage for more detailed, government-funded mapping projects in later decades.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: Modern

text: geology

text: like

text: modern

text: chemistry

text: gradually

text: evolved

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: Benoît

text: de

text: Maillet

text: and

text: the

text: Comte

text: de

text: Buffon

text: saw

text: the

text: Earth

text: as

text: much

text: older

text: than

text: the

text: years

text: envisioned

text: by

text: biblical

text: scholars

text: Jean

text: Étienne

text: Guettard

text: and

text: Nicolas

text: Desmarest

text: hiked

text: central

text: France

text: and

text: recorded

text: their

text: observations

text: on

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: geological

text: maps

text: Aided

text: by

text: chemical

text: experimentation

text: naturalists

text: such

text: as

text: Scotland

text: 's

text: John

text: Walker

text: Sweden

text: 's

text: Torbern

text: Bergman

text: and

text: Germany

text: 's

text: Abraham

text: Werner

text: created

text: comprehensive

text: classification

text: systems

text: for

text: rocks

text: and

text: minerals

text: a

text: collective

text: achievement

text: that

text: transformed

text: geology

text: into

text: a

text: cutting

text: edge

text: field

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: century

text: These

text: early

text: geologists

text: also

text: proposed

text: a

text: generalized

text: interpretations

text: of

text: Earth

text: history

text: that

text: led

text: James

text: Hutton

text: Georges

text: Cuvier

text: and

text: Alexandre

text: Brongniart

text: following

text: in

text: the

text: steps

text: of

text: Steno

text: to

text: argue

text: that

text: layers

text: of

text: rock

text: could

text: be

text: dated

text: by

text: the

text: fossils

text: they

text: contained

text: a

text: principle

text: first

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: geology

text: of

text: the

text: Paris

text: Basin

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: index

text: fossils

text: became

text: a

text: powerful

text: tool

text: for

text: making

text: geological

text: maps

text: because

text: it

text: allowed

text: geologists

text: to

text: correlate

text: the

text: rocks

text: in

text: one

text: locality

text: with

text: those

text: of

text: similar

text: age

text: in

text: other

text: distant

text: localities

text: Over

text: the

text: first

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: geologists

text: such

text: as

text: Charles

text: Lyell

text: Adam

text: Sedgwick

text: and

text: Roderick

text: Murchison

text: applied

text: the

text: new

text: technique

text: to

text: rocks

text: throughout

text: Europe

text: and

text: eastern

text: North

text: America

text: setting

text: the

text: stage

text: for

text: more

text: detailed

text: government

text: funded

text: mapping

text: projects

text: in

text: later

text: decades

question: How old did biblical scholars think the Earth was?

answer: 6,000 years

text: 6,000 years

question: Jean-Etienne Guettard and NIcolas Desmarest went to France and recorded what?

answer: the first geological maps

text: the first geological maps

question: In the 18th century, what changed geology drastically?

answer: comprehensive classification systems for rocks and minerals

text: comprehensive classification systems for rocks and minerals

question: What are used to create geological maps?

answer: index fossils

text: index fossils

question: What geological theory was applied to the Paris Basin?

answer: layers of rock could be dated by the fossils they contained

text: layers of rock could be dated by the fossils they contained


text: The War of 1812, the second and last American war against the United Kingdom, was less successful for the U.S. than the Revolution and Northwest Indian War against natives had been, though it ended on a high note for Americans as well. After the taking control of Lake Erie in 1813, the Americans were able to seize parts of western Upper Canada, burn York and defeat Tecumseh, which caused his Indian Confederacy to collapse. Following ending victories in the province of Upper Canada, which dubbed the U.S. Army "Regulars, by God!", British troops were able to capture and burn Washington. The regular army, however, proved they were professional and capable of defeating the British army during the invasions of Plattsburgh and Baltimore, prompting British agreement on the previously rejected terms of a status quo ante bellum. Two weeks after a treaty was signed (but not ratified), Andrew Jackson defeated the British in the Battle of New Orleans and became a national hero. Per the treaty both sides returned to the status quo with no victor.

title: United_States_Army

title: United_States_Army

text: The

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: second

text: and

text: last

text: American

text: war

text: against

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: was

text: less

text: successful

text: for

text: the

text: U.S.

text: than

text: the

text: Revolution

text: and

text: Northwest

text: Indian

text: War

text: against

text: natives

text: had

text: been

text: though

text: it

text: ended

text: on

text: a

text: high

text: note

text: for

text: Americans

text: as

text: well

text: After

text: the

text: taking

text: control

text: of

text: Lake

text: Erie

text: in

text: the

text: Americans

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: seize

text: parts

text: of

text: western

text: Upper

text: Canada

text: burn

text: York

text: and

text: defeat

text: Tecumseh

text: which

text: caused

text: his

text: Indian

text: Confederacy

text: to

text: collapse

text: Following

text: ending

text: victories

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Upper

text: Canada

text: which

text: dubbed

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: Regulars

text: by

text: God

text: British

text: troops

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: capture

text: and

text: burn

text: Washington

text: The

text: regular

text: army

text: however

text: proved

text: they

text: were

text: professional

text: and

text: capable

text: of

text: defeating

text: the

text: British

text: army

text: during

text: the

text: invasions

text: of

text: Plattsburgh

text: and

text: Baltimore

text: prompting

text: British

text: agreement

text: on

text: the

text: previously

text: rejected

text: terms

text: of

text: a

text: status

text: quo

text: ante

text: bellum

text: Two

text: weeks

text: after

text: a

text: treaty

text: was

text: signed

text: but

text: not

text: ratified

text: Andrew

text: Jackson

text: defeated

text: the

text: British

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: New

text: Orleans

text: and

text: became

text: a

text: national

text: hero

text: Per

text: the

text: treaty

text: both

text: sides

text: returned

text: to

text: the

text: status

text: quo

text: with

text: no

text: victor

question: The War of 1812 consisted of the U.S against whom?

answer: United Kingdom

text: United Kingdom

question: In what year did the U.S. take control of Lake Eerie?

answer: 1813

question: Who did the U.S. defeat to collapse the Indian Confederacy?

answer: Tecumseh

text: Tecumseh

question: In the Battle of New Orleans, who defeated the British?

answer: Andrew Jackson

text: Andrew Jackson


text: Feathers require maintenance and birds preen or groom them daily, spending an average of around 9% of their daily time on this. The bill is used to brush away foreign particles and to apply waxy secretions from the uropygial gland; these secretions protect the feathers' flexibility and act as an antimicrobial agent, inhibiting the growth of feather-degrading bacteria. This may be supplemented with the secretions of formic acid from ants, which birds receive through a behaviour known as anting, to remove feather parasites.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: Feathers

text: require

text: maintenance

text: and

text: birds

text: preen

text: or

text: groom

text: them

text: daily

text: spending

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: around

text: of

text: their

text: daily

text: time

text: on

text: this

text: The

text: bill

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: brush

text: away

text: foreign

text: particles

text: and

text: to

text: apply

text: waxy

text: secretions

text: from

text: the

text: uropygial

text: gland

text: these

text: secretions

text: protect

text: the

text: feathers

text: flexibility

text: and

text: act

text: as

text: an

text: antimicrobial

text: agent

text: inhibiting

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: feather

text: degrading

text: bacteria

text: This

text: may

text: be

text: supplemented

text: with

text: the

text: secretions

text: of

text: formic

text: acid

text: from

text: ants

text: which

text: birds

text: receive

text: through

text: a

text: behaviour

text: known

text: as

text: anting

text: to

text: remove

text: feather

text: parasites

question: How often do birds groom their feathers?

answer: daily

text: daily

question: What percentage of their day do birds groom their feathers?

answer: 9%

question: What do birds use to brush away foreign particles?

answer: The bill

text: The bill

question: What is the process of removing feather parasites?

answer: anting

text: anting


text: Losing the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894–1895 was a watershed. Japan, a country long regarded by the Chinese as little more than an upstart nation of pirates, annihilated the Qing government's modernized Beiyang Fleet, then deemed to be the strongest naval force in Asia. The Japanese victory occurred a mere three decades after the Meiji Restoration set a feudal Japan on course to emulate the Western nations in their economic and technological achievements. Finally, in December 1894, the Qing government took concrete steps to reform military institutions and to re-train selected units in westernized drills, tactics and weaponry. These units were collectively called the New Army. The most successful of these was the Beiyang Army under the overall supervision and control of a former Huai Army commander, General Yuan Shikai, who used his position to build networks of loyal officers and eventually become President of the Republic of China.

title: Qing_dynasty

title: Qing_dynasty

text: Losing

text: the

text: First

text: Sino

text: Japanese

text: War

text: of

text: was

text: a

text: watershed

text: Japan

text: a

text: country

text: long

text: regarded

text: by

text: the

text: Chinese

text: as

text: little

text: more

text: than

text: an

text: upstart

text: nation

text: of

text: pirates

text: annihilated

text: the

text: Qing

text: government

text: 's

text: modernized

text: Beiyang

text: Fleet

text: then

text: deemed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: strongest

text: naval

text: force

text: in

text: Asia

text: The

text: Japanese

text: victory

text: occurred

text: a

text: mere

text: three

text: decades

text: after

text: the

text: Meiji

text: Restoration

text: set

text: a

text: feudal

text: Japan

text: on

text: course

text: to

text: emulate

text: the

text: Western

text: nations

text: in

text: their

text: economic

text: and

text: technological

text: achievements

text: Finally

text: in

text: December

text: the

text: Qing

text: government

text: took

text: concrete

text: steps

text: to

text: reform

text: military

text: institutions

text: and

text: to

text: re

text: train

text: selected

text: units

text: in

text: westernized

text: drills

text: tactics

text: and

text: weaponry

text: These

text: units

text: were

text: collectively

text: called

text: the

text: New

text: Army

text: The

text: most

text: successful

text: of

text: these

text: was

text: the

text: Beiyang

text: Army

text: under

text: the

text: overall

text: supervision

text: and

text: control

text: of

text: a

text: former

text: Huai

text: Army

text: commander

text: General

text: Yuan

text: Shikai

text: who

text: used

text: his

text: position

text: to

text: build

text: networks

text: of

text: loyal

text: officers

text: and

text: eventually

text: become

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

question: Who beat the Chinese in the First Sino-Japanese War?

answer: Japan

text: Japan

question: Which fleet did the Japanese destroy?

answer: Beiyang Fleet

text: Beiyang Fleet

question: When did the Qing decide to modernize their military?

answer: 1894

question: What was the new modern army called?

answer: the New Army

text: the New Army

question: Who became the President of the Republic of China?

answer: General Yuan Shikai

text: General Yuan Shikai


text: The Duke Energy Center for the Performing Arts complex houses the Raleigh Memorial Auditorium, the Fletcher Opera Theater, the Kennedy Theatre, and the Meymandi Concert Hall. In 2008, a new theatre space, the Meymandi Theatre at the Murphey School, was opened in the restored auditorium of the historic Murphey School. Theater performances are also offered at the Raleigh Little Theatre, Long View Center, Ira David Wood III Pullen Park Theatre, and Stewart and Thompson Theaters at North Carolina State University.

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

text: The

text: Duke

text: Energy

text: Center

text: for

text: the

text: Performing

text: Arts

text: complex

text: houses

text: the

text: Raleigh

text: Memorial

text: Auditorium

text: the

text: Fletcher

text: Opera

text: Theater

text: the

text: Kennedy

text: Theatre

text: and

text: the

text: Meymandi

text: Concert

text: Hall

text: In

text: a

text: new

text: theatre

text: space

text: the

text: Meymandi

text: Theatre

text: at

text: the

text: Murphey

text: School

text: was

text: opened

text: in

text: the

text: restored

text: auditorium

text: of

text: the

text: historic

text: Murphey

text: School

text: Theater

text: performances

text: are

text: also

text: offered

text: at

text: the

text: Raleigh

text: Little

text: Theatre

text: Long

text: View

text: Center

text: Ira

text: David

text: Wood

text: III

text: Pullen

text: Park

text: Theatre

text: and

text: Stewart

text: and

text: Thompson

text: Theaters

text: at

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: University

question: Where is the Raleigh Memorial Auditorium?

answer: Duke Energy Center for the Performing Arts

text: Duke Energy Center for the Performing Arts

question: What other theater is in the Duke Energy Center?

answer: Fletcher Opera Theater

text: Fletcher Opera Theater

question: When did the Meymandi Theater open?

answer: 2008

question: Where else can one see a theater performance?

answer: Raleigh Little Theatre

text: Raleigh Little Theatre

question: What theaters are at North Carolina State University?

answer: Stewart and Thompson Theaters

text: Stewart and Thompson Theaters


text: YouTube does not usually offer a download link for its videos, and intends for them to be viewed through its website interface. A small number of videos, such as the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama, can be downloaded as MP4 files. Numerous third-party web sites, applications and browser plug-ins allow users to download YouTube videos. In February 2009, YouTube announced a test service, allowing some partners to offer video downloads for free or for a fee paid through Google Checkout. In June 2012, Google sent cease and desist letters threatening legal action against several websites offering online download and conversion of YouTube videos. In response, Zamzar removed the ability to download YouTube videos from its site. The default settings when uploading a video to YouTube will retain a copyright on the video for the uploader, but since July 2012 it has been possible to select a Creative Commons license as the default, allowing other users to reuse and remix the material if it is free of copyright.

title: YouTube

title: YouTube

text: YouTube

text: does

text: not

text: usually

text: offer

text: a

text: download

text: link

text: for

text: its

text: videos

text: and

text: intends

text: for

text: them

text: to

text: be

text: viewed

text: through

text: its

text: website

text: interface

text: A

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: videos

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: weekly

text: addresses

text: by

text: President

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: can

text: be

text: downloaded

text: as

text: files

text: Numerous

text: third

text: party

text: web

text: sites

text: applications

text: and

text: browser

text: plug

text: ins

text: allow

text: users

text: to

text: download

text: YouTube

text: videos

text: In

text: February

text: YouTube

text: announced

text: a

text: test

text: service

text: allowing

text: some

text: partners

text: to

text: offer

text: video

text: downloads

text: for

text: free

text: or

text: for

text: a

text: fee

text: paid

text: through

text: Google

text: Checkout

text: In

text: June

text: Google

text: sent

text: cease

text: and

text: desist

text: letters

text: threatening

text: legal

text: action

text: against

text: several

text: websites

text: offering

text: online

text: download

text: and

text: conversion

text: of

text: YouTube

text: videos

text: In

text: response

text: Zamzar

text: removed

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: download

text: YouTube

text: videos

text: from

text: its

text: site

text: The

text: default

text: settings

text: when

text: uploading

text: a

text: video

text: to

text: YouTube

text: will

text: retain

text: a

text: copyright

text: on

text: the

text: video

text: for

text: the

text: uploader

text: but

text: since

text: July

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: possible

text: to

text: select

text: a

text: Creative

text: Commons

text: license

text: as

text: the

text: default

text: allowing

text: other

text: users

text: to

text: reuse

text: and

text: remix

text: the

text: material

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: free

text: of

text: copyright

question: YOutube does not often post a what for its videos?

answer: download link

text: download link

question: Youtube intends for users to watch videos where?

answer: through its website

text: through its website

question: What was added to the upload options in July of 2012?

answer: a Creative Commons license

text: a Creative Commons license

question: Which site removed the option of downloading youtube videos after 2012?

answer: Zamzar

text: Zamzar

question: Which videos are often available for download straight from youtube?

answer: the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama

text: the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama


text: While the new plebeian nobility made social, political and religious inroads on traditionally patrician preserves, their electorate maintained their distinctive political traditions and religious cults. During the Punic crisis, popular cult to Dionysus emerged from southern Italy; Dionysus was equated with Father Liber, the inventor of plebeian augury and personification of plebeian freedoms, and with Roman Bacchus. Official consternation at these enthusiastic, unofficial Bacchanalia cults was expressed as moral outrage at their supposed subversion, and was followed by ferocious suppression. Much later, a statue of Marsyas, the silen of Dionysus flayed by Apollo, became a focus of brief symbolic resistance to Augustus' censorship. Augustus himself claimed the patronage of Venus and Apollo; but his settlement appealed to all classes. Where loyalty was implicit, no divine hierarchy need be politically enforced; Liber's festival continued.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: While

text: the

text: new

text: plebeian

text: nobility

text: made

text: social

text: political

text: and

text: religious

text: inroads

text: on

text: traditionally

text: patrician

text: preserves

text: their

text: electorate

text: maintained

text: their

text: distinctive

text: political

text: traditions

text: and

text: religious

text: cults

text: During

text: the

text: Punic

text: crisis

text: popular

text: cult

text: to

text: Dionysus

text: emerged

text: from

text: southern

text: Italy

text: Dionysus

text: was

text: equated

text: with

text: Father

text: Liber

text: the

text: inventor

text: of

text: plebeian

text: augury

text: and

text: personification

text: of

text: plebeian

text: freedoms

text: and

text: with

text: Roman

text: Bacchus

text: Official

text: consternation

text: at

text: these

text: enthusiastic

text: unofficial

text: Bacchanalia

text: cults

text: was

text: expressed

text: as

text: moral

text: outrage

text: at

text: their

text: supposed

text: subversion

text: and

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: ferocious

text: suppression

text: Much

text: later

text: a

text: statue

text: of

text: Marsyas

text: the

text: silen

text: of

text: Dionysus

text: flayed

text: by

text: Apollo

text: became

text: a

text: focus

text: of

text: brief

text: symbolic

text: resistance

text: to

text: Augustus

text: censorship

text: Augustus

text: himself

text: claimed

text: the

text: patronage

text: of

text: Venus

text: and

text: Apollo

text: but

text: his

text: settlement

text: appealed

text: to

text: all

text: classes

text: Where

text: loyalty

text: was

text: implicit

text: no

text: divine

text: hierarchy

text: need

text: be

text: politically

text: enforced

text: Liber

text: 's

text: festival

text: continued

question: What did the patrician electorate keep in spite of a new plebeian nobility?

answer: political traditions and religious cults

text: political traditions and religious cults

question: What cult arrived from southern Italy?

answer: Dionysus

text: Dionysus

question: During what time did the Dionysus cult become popular?

answer: Punic crisis

text: Punic crisis

question: To what Roman god was Dionysus similar?

answer: Bacchus

text: Bacchus

question: With loyalty a necessity, what censorship did not need to be enforced?

answer: divine hierarchy

text: divine hierarchy


text: The division between the two is often not clear and is often politicized in disagreements within a government over a treaty, since a non-self-executing treaty cannot be acted on without the proper change in domestic law. If a treaty requires implementing legislation, a state may be in default of its obligations by the failure of its legislature to pass the necessary domestic laws.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: The

text: division

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: is

text: often

text: not

text: clear

text: and

text: is

text: often

text: politicized

text: in

text: disagreements

text: within

text: a

text: government

text: over

text: a

text: treaty

text: since

text: a

text: non

text: self

text: executing

text: treaty

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: acted

text: on

text: without

text: the

text: proper

text: change

text: in

text: domestic

text: law

text: If

text: a

text: treaty

text: requires

text: implementing

text: legislation

text: a

text: state

text: may

text: be

text: in

text: default

text: of

text: its

text: obligations

text: by

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: its

text: legislature

text: to

text: pass

text: the

text: necessary

text: domestic

text: laws

question: What type of treaty cannot be acted on without the proper change in domestic law?

answer: a non-self-executing treaty

text: a non-self-executing treaty

question: A state party may be in default of its obligations under a non-self-executing treaty if its legislature fails to do what?

answer: pass the necessary domestic laws

text: pass the necessary domestic laws

question: What institution of a party to a treaty must act to fulfill the party's obligations under a non-self-executing treaty?

answer: its legislature

text: its legislature

question: The often unclear division between a self-executing treaty and a non-self-executing treaty can lead to a treaty being what if disagreements exist within a party?

answer: politicized

text: politicized

question: A treaty may be politicized due to disagreements within a party because the division between a self-executing treaty and a non-self-executing treaty can often be described as what?

answer: not clear

text: not clear


text: Most modern Chinese dictionaries and Chinese dictionaries sold to English speakers use the traditional radical-based character index in a section at the front, while the main body of the dictionary arranges the main character entries alphabetically according to their pinyin spelling. To find a character with unknown sound using one of these dictionaries, the reader finds the radical and stroke number of the character, as before, and locates the character in the radical index. The character's entry will have the character's pronunciation in pinyin written down; the reader then turns to the main dictionary section and looks up the pinyin spelling alphabetically.

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: Most

text: modern

text: Chinese

text: dictionaries

text: and

text: Chinese

text: dictionaries

text: sold

text: to

text: English

text: speakers

text: use

text: the

text: traditional

text: radical

text: based

text: character

text: index

text: in

text: a

text: section

text: at

text: the

text: front

text: while

text: the

text: main

text: body

text: of

text: the

text: dictionary

text: arranges

text: the

text: main

text: character

text: entries

text: alphabetically

text: according

text: to

text: their

text: pinyin

text: spelling

text: To

text: find

text: a

text: character

text: with

text: unknown

text: sound

text: using

text: one

text: of

text: these

text: dictionaries

text: the

text: reader

text: finds

text: the

text: radical

text: and

text: stroke

text: number

text: of

text: the

text: character

text: as

text: before

text: and

text: locates

text: the

text: character

text: in

text: the

text: radical

text: index

text: The

text: character

text: 's

text: entry

text: will

text: have

text: the

text: character

text: 's

text: pronunciation

text: in

text: pinyin

text: written

text: down

text: the

text: reader

text: then

text: turns

text: to

text: the

text: main

text: dictionary

text: section

text: and

text: looks

text: up

text: the

text: pinyin

text: spelling

text: alphabetically

question: What use the traditional radical-based character index?

answer: modern Chinese dictionaries

text: modern Chinese dictionaries

question: What will have the character's pronunciation in pinyin?

answer: character's entry

text: character's entry

question: What is at the front of most modern Chinese dictionaries?

answer: traditional radical-based character index

text: traditional radical-based character index


text: Australia had been shocked by the speedy collapse of British Malaya and Fall of Singapore in which around 15,000 Australian soldiers became prisoners of war. Curtin predicted that the "battle for Australia" would now follow. The Japanese established a major base in the Australian Territory of New Guinea in early 1942. On 19 February, Darwin suffered a devastating air raid, the first time the Australian mainland had been attacked. Over the following 19 months, Australia was attacked from the air almost 100 times.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: Australia

text: had

text: been

text: shocked

text: by

text: the

text: speedy

text: collapse

text: of

text: British

text: Malaya

text: and

text: Fall

text: of

text: Singapore

text: in

text: which

text: around

text: Australian

text: soldiers

text: became

text: prisoners

text: of

text: war

text: Curtin

text: predicted

text: that

text: the

text: battle

text: for

text: Australia

text: would

text: now

text: follow

text: The

text: Japanese

text: established

text: a

text: major

text: base

text: in

text: the

text: Australian

text: Territory

text: of

text: New

text: Guinea

text: in

text: early

text: On

text: February

text: Darwin

text: suffered

text: a

text: devastating

text: air

text: raid

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: the

text: Australian

text: mainland

text: had

text: been

text: attacked

text: Over

text: the

text: following

text: months

text: Australia

text: was

text: attacked

text: from

text: the

text: air

text: almost

text: times

question: About how many Australians were taken prisoner after the fall of Singapore and British Malaya?

answer: 15,000

question: In what year did Japan establish a base in New Guinea?

answer: 1942

question: What date was the Australian mainland first attacked?

answer: 19 February

text: 19 February

question: What mainland Australian city was attacked by the Japanese on February 19?

answer: Darwin

text: Darwin

question: For how many months was Australia attacked from the air by Japan?

answer: 19


text: It is said[by whom?] on one side of this debate that separation of powers means that powers are shared among different branches; no one branch may act unilaterally on issues (other than perhaps minor questions), but must obtain some form of agreement across branches. That is, it is argued that "checks and balances" apply to the Judicial branch as well as to the other branches.

title: Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution

text: It

text: is

text: said[by

text: whom

text: on

text: one

text: side

text: of

text: this

text: debate

text: that

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: means

text: that

text: powers

text: are

text: shared

text: among

text: different

text: branches

text: no

text: one

text: branch

text: may

text: act

text: unilaterally

text: on

text: issues

text: other

text: than

text: perhaps

text: minor

text: questions

text: but

text: must

text: obtain

text: some

text: form

text: of

text: agreement

text: across

text: branches

text: That

text: is

text: it

text: is

text: argued

text: that

text: checks

text: and

text: balances

text: apply

text: to

text: the

text: Judicial

text: branch

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: branches

question: What term is used when one branch of government must get approval from at least one other branch of government?

answer: checks and balances

text: checks and balances


text: Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: Noted

text: century

text: mosaics

text: include

text: those

text: by

text: Edward

text: Burne

text: Jones

text: at

text: St

text: Pauls

text: within

text: the

text: Walls

text: in

text: Rome

text: Another

text: modern

text: mosaic

text: of

text: note

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: mosaic

text: installation

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: Cathedral

text: Basilica

text: of

text: St.

text: Louis

text: located

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Missouri

text: A

text: modern

text: example

text: of

text: mosaic

text: is

text: the

text: Museum

text: of

text: Natural

text: History

text: station

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Subway

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: such

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: scattered

text: throughout

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: subway

text: system

text: though

text: many

text: IND

text: stations

text: are

text: usually

text: designed

text: with

text: bland

text: mosaics

text: Another

text: example

text: of

text: mosaics

text: in

text: ordinary

text: surroundings

text: is

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: locally

text: themed

text: mosaics

text: in

text: some

text: restrooms

text: in

text: the

text: rest

text: areas

text: along

text: some

text: Texas

text: interstate

text: highways

question: The Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis holds the largest what?

answer: mosaic installation

text: mosaic installation

question: What along texas interstate Highways contains everyday examples of mosaics?

answer: the rest areas

text: the rest areas

question: Which station in the NYC subway has a modern example of mosaic?

answer: the Museum of Natural History station

text: the Museum of Natural History station

question: Edward Burne-Jones is noted for creating mosaics in what century?

answer: 19th