text: While the number of cardinals was small from the times of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance, and frequently smaller than the number of recognized churches entitled to a cardinal priest, in the 16th century the College expanded markedly. In 1587, Pope Sixtus V sought to arrest this growth by fixing the maximum size of the College at 70, including 50 cardinal priests, about twice the historical number. This limit was respected until 1958, and the list of titular churches modified only on rare occasions, generally when a building fell into disrepair. When Pope John XXIII abolished the limit, he began to add new churches to the list, which Popes Paul VI and John Paul II continued to do. Today there are close to 150 titular churches, out of over 300 churches in Rome.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: While

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: cardinals

text: was

text: small

text: from

text: the

text: times

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: to

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: and

text: frequently

text: smaller

text: than

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: recognized

text: churches

text: entitled

text: to

text: a

text: cardinal

text: priest

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: College

text: expanded

text: markedly

text: In

text: Pope

text: Sixtus

text: V

text: sought

text: to

text: arrest

text: this

text: growth

text: by

text: fixing

text: the

text: maximum

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: at

text: including

text: cardinal

text: priests

text: about

text: twice

text: the

text: historical

text: number

text: This

text: limit

text: was

text: respected

text: until

text: and

text: the

text: list

text: of

text: titular

text: churches

text: modified

text: only

text: on

text: rare

text: occasions

text: generally

text: when

text: a

text: building

text: fell

text: into

text: disrepair

text: When

text: Pope

text: John

text: XXIII

text: abolished

text: the

text: limit

text: he

text: began

text: to

text: add

text: new

text: churches

text: to

text: the

text: list

text: which

text: Popes

text: Paul

text: VI

text: and

text: John

text: Paul

text: II

text: continued

text: to

text: do

text: Today

text: there

text: are

text: close

text: to

text: titular

text: churches

text: out

text: of

text: over

text: churches

text: in

text: Rome

question: In what year did Pope Sixtus V put a cap on the number of cardinals in the College of Cardinals?

answer: 1587

question: What was the maximum number allowed per Pope Sixtus V?

answer: 70

question: Who removed the cap on cardinals in the College of the Cardinals?

answer: Pope John XXIII

text: Pope John XXIII


text: Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In Times New Roman, for instance, b, d, f, h, k, l, t  are the letters with ascenders, and g, j, p, q, y are the ones with descenders. Further to this, with old-style numerals still used by some traditional or classical fonts—although most do have a set of alternative Lining Figures— 6 and 8 make up the ascender set, and 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9 the descender set.

title: Letter_case

title: Letter_case

text: Typographically

text: the

text: basic

text: difference

text: between

text: the

text: majuscules

text: and

text: minuscules

text: is

text: not

text: that

text: the

text: majuscules

text: are

text: big

text: and

text: minuscules

text: small

text: but

text: that

text: the

text: majuscules

text: generally

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: height

text: The

text: height

text: of

text: the

text: minuscules

text: varies

text: as

text: some

text: of

text: them

text: have

text: parts

text: higher

text: or

text: lower

text: than

text: the

text: average

text: i.e.

text: ascenders

text: and

text: descenders

text: In

text: Times

text: New

text: Roman

text: for

text: instance

text: b

text: d

text: f

text: h

text: k

text: l

text: t

text: are

text: the

text: letters

text: with

text: ascenders

text: and

text: g

text: j

text: p

text: q

text: y

text: are

text: the

text: ones

text: with

text: descenders

text: Further

text: to

text: this

text: with

text: old

text: style

text: numerals

text: still

text: used

text: by

text: some

text: traditional

text: or

text: classical

text: fonts

text: although

text: most

text: do

text: have

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: alternative

text: Lining

text: Figures—

text: and

text: make

text: up

text: the

text: ascender

text: set

text: and

text: and

text: the

text: descender

text: set

question: Who do majuscules have which distinguish themselves from minuscules?

answer: generally have the same height

text: generally have the same height

question: In Time New Roman the letter "b" would be consider which type of letter based on whether it is above or below average height?

answer: ascenders

text: ascenders

question: Descending letters tend to have a part which falls where relative to the average height of a letter?

answer: lower than the average

text: lower than the average

question: Besides the number 6, which number makes of the ascender set in some traditional or classical fonts?

answer: 8


text: German beacons operated on the medium-frequency band and the signals involved a two-letter Morse identifier followed by a lengthy time-lapse which enabled the Luftwaffe crews to determine the signal's bearing. The Meacon system involved separate locations for a receiver with a directional aerial and a transmitter. The receipt of the German signal by the receiver was duly passed to the transmitter, the signal to be repeated. The action did not guarantee automatic success. If the German bomber flew closer to its own beam than the Meacon then the former signal would come through the stronger on the direction finder. The reverse would apply only if the meacon were closer.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: German

text: beacons

text: operated

text: on

text: the

text: medium

text: frequency

text: band

text: and

text: the

text: signals

text: involved

text: a

text: two

text: letter

text: Morse

text: identifier

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: lengthy

text: time

text: lapse

text: which

text: enabled

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: crews

text: to

text: determine

text: the

text: signal

text: 's

text: bearing

text: The

text: Meacon

text: system

text: involved

text: separate

text: locations

text: for

text: a

text: receiver

text: with

text: a

text: directional

text: aerial

text: and

text: a

text: transmitter

text: The

text: receipt

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: signal

text: by

text: the

text: receiver

text: was

text: duly

text: passed

text: to

text: the

text: transmitter

text: the

text: signal

text: to

text: be

text: repeated

text: The

text: action

text: did

text: not

text: guarantee

text: automatic

text: success

text: If

text: the

text: German

text: bomber

text: flew

text: closer

text: to

text: its

text: own

text: beam

text: than

text: the

text: Meacon

text: then

text: the

text: former

text: signal

text: would

text: come

text: through

text: the

text: stronger

text: on

text: the

text: direction

text: finder

text: The

text: reverse

text: would

text: apply

text: only

text: if

text: the

text: meacon

text: were

text: closer

question: The German beacons used what frequency band?

answer: medium

text: medium

question: What two letter identifier did the signal have?

answer: Morse

text: Morse

question: What system used a separate locations for a receiver and a directional aerial?

answer: Meacon

text: Meacon

question: When a German bomber flew to close to its own beam what happened to the signal?

answer: stronger on the direction finder

text: stronger on the direction finder


text: For the first several decades of disc record manufacturing, sound was recorded directly on to the "master disc" at the recording studio. From about 1950 on (earlier for some large record companies, later for some small ones) it became usual to have the performance first recorded on audio tape, which could then be processed and/or edited, and then dubbed on to the master disc. A record cutter would engrave the grooves into the master disc. Early versions of these master discs were soft wax, and later a harder lacquer was used. The mastering process was originally something of an art as the operator had to manually allow for the changes in sound which affected how wide the space for the groove needed to be on each rotation.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: For

text: the

text: first

text: several

text: decades

text: of

text: disc

text: record

text: manufacturing

text: sound

text: was

text: recorded

text: directly

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: master

text: disc

text: at

text: the

text: recording

text: studio

text: From

text: about

text: on

text: earlier

text: for

text: some

text: large

text: record

text: companies

text: later

text: for

text: some

text: small

text: ones

text: it

text: became

text: usual

text: to

text: have

text: the

text: performance

text: first

text: recorded

text: on

text: audio

text: tape

text: which

text: could

text: then

text: be

text: processed

text: and/or

text: edited

text: and

text: then

text: dubbed

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: master

text: disc

text: A

text: record

text: cutter

text: would

text: engrave

text: the

text: grooves

text: into

text: the

text: master

text: disc

text: Early

text: versions

text: of

text: these

text: master

text: discs

text: were

text: soft

text: wax

text: and

text: later

text: a

text: harder

text: lacquer

text: was

text: used

text: The

text: mastering

text: process

text: was

text: originally

text: something

text: of

text: an

text: art

text: as

text: the

text: operator

text: had

text: to

text: manually

text: allow

text: for

text: the

text: changes

text: in

text: sound

text: which

text: affected

text: how

text: wide

text: the

text: space

text: for

text: the

text: groove

text: needed

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: each

text: rotation

question: Who would engrave the master disc of a vinyl record?

answer: record cutter

text: record cutter

question: What was used in first recordings of vinyl records?

answer: soft wax

text: soft wax

question: What was used in final recordings of vinyl records?

answer: harder lacquer

text: harder lacquer

question: After the 1950s  what was a typical recording process?

answer: first recorded on audio tape, which could then be processed and/or edited, and then dubbed on to the master disc

text: first recorded on audio tape, which could then be processed and/or edited, and then dubbed on to the master disc

question: Where were sound recordings originally made to?

answer: master disc

text: master disc


text: After Germany entered a Tripartite Pact with Japan and Italy, Ribbentrop wrote to Stalin, inviting Molotov to Berlin for negotiations aimed to create a 'continental bloc' of Germany, Italy, Japan and the USSR that would oppose Britain and the USA. Stalin sent Molotov to Berlin to negotiate the terms for the Soviet Union to join the Axis and potentially enjoy the spoils of the pact. After negotiations during November 1940 on where to extend the USSR's sphere of influence, Hitler broke off talks and continued planning for the eventual attempts to invade the Soviet Union.

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: After

text: Germany

text: entered

text: a

text: Tripartite

text: Pact

text: with

text: Japan

text: and

text: Italy

text: Ribbentrop

text: wrote

text: to

text: Stalin

text: inviting

text: Molotov

text: to

text: Berlin

text: for

text: negotiations

text: aimed

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: continental

text: bloc

text: of

text: Germany

text: Italy

text: Japan

text: and

text: the

text: USSR

text: that

text: would

text: oppose

text: Britain

text: and

text: the

text: USA

text: Stalin

text: sent

text: Molotov

text: to

text: Berlin

text: to

text: negotiate

text: the

text: terms

text: for

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: to

text: join

text: the

text: Axis

text: and

text: potentially

text: enjoy

text: the

text: spoils

text: of

text: the

text: pact

text: After

text: negotiations

text: during

text: November

text: on

text: where

text: to

text: extend

text: the

text: USSR

text: 's

text: sphere

text: of

text: influence

text: Hitler

text: broke

text: off

text: talks

text: and

text: continued

text: planning

text: for

text: the

text: eventual

text: attempts

text: to

text: invade

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

question: What countries agreed to a tripartisan agreement?

answer: Germany entered a Tripartite Pact with Japan and Italy

text: Germany entered a Tripartite Pact with Japan and Italy

question: Which Foreign Minister proposed that the Soviets should join this agreement of axis powers?

answer: Ribbentrop

text: Ribbentrop

question: Who would the axis powers oppose in the new agreement?

answer: Britain and the USA

text: Britain and the USA


text: Football is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history. FIFA World Player of the Year winners Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo who won the FIFA Ballon d'Or for 2013 and 2014, are among the numerous examples of other world-class football players born in Portugal and noted worldwide. Portuguese football managers are also noteworthy, with José Mourinho, André Villas-Boas, Fernando Santos, Carlos Queiroz and Manuel José among the most renowned.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Football

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: sport

text: in

text: Portugal

text: There

text: are

text: several

text: football

text: competitions

text: ranging

text: from

text: local

text: amateur

text: to

text: world

text: class

text: professional

text: level

text: The

text: legendary

text: Eusébio

text: is

text: still

text: a

text: major

text: symbol

text: of

text: Portuguese

text: football

text: history

text: FIFA

text: World

text: Player

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: winners

text: Luís

text: Figo

text: and

text: Cristiano

text: Ronaldo

text: who

text: won

text: the

text: FIFA

text: Ballon

text: d'Or

text: for

text: and

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: numerous

text: examples

text: of

text: other

text: world

text: class

text: football

text: players

text: born

text: in

text: Portugal

text: and

text: noted

text: worldwide

text: Portuguese

text: football

text: managers

text: are

text: also

text: noteworthy

text: with

text: José

text: Mourinho

text: André

text: Villas

text: Boas

text: Fernando

text: Santos

text: Carlos

text: Queiroz

text: and

text: Manuel

text: José

text: among

text: the

text: most

text: renowned

question: What is the most popular sport in Portugal?

answer: Football

text: Football

question: What is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history?

answer: Eusébio

text: Eusébio

question: Who are two examples of the top football players born in Portugal?

answer: Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo

text: Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo

question: What award did both Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo win?

answer: FIFA World Player of the Year

text: FIFA World Player of the Year

question: Who are some of the most renowned football managers in Portugal?

answer: José Mourinho, André Villas-Boas, Fernando Santos, Carlos Queiroz and Manuel José

text: José Mourinho, André Villas-Boas, Fernando Santos, Carlos Queiroz and Manuel José


text: Visual anthropology is concerned, in part, with the study and production of ethnographic photography, film and, since the mid-1990s, new media. While the term is sometimes used interchangeably with ethnographic film, visual anthropology also encompasses the anthropological study of visual representation, including areas such as performance, museums, art, and the production and reception of mass media. Visual representations from all cultures, such as sandpaintings, tattoos, sculptures and reliefs, cave paintings, scrimshaw, jewelry, hieroglyphics, paintings and photographs are included in the focus of visual anthropology.

title: Anthropology

title: Anthropology

text: Visual

text: anthropology

text: is

text: concerned

text: in

text: part

text: with

text: the

text: study

text: and

text: production

text: of

text: ethnographic

text: photography

text: film

text: and

text: since

text: the

text: new

text: media

text: While

text: the

text: term

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: interchangeably

text: with

text: ethnographic

text: film

text: visual

text: anthropology

text: also

text: encompasses

text: the

text: anthropological

text: study

text: of

text: visual

text: representation

text: including

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: performance

text: museums

text: art

text: and

text: the

text: production

text: and

text: reception

text: of

text: mass

text: media

text: Visual

text: representations

text: from

text: all

text: cultures

text: such

text: as

text: sandpaintings

text: tattoos

text: sculptures

text: and

text: reliefs

text: cave

text: paintings

text: scrimshaw

text: jewelry

text: hieroglyphics

text: paintings

text: and

text: photographs

text: are

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: focus

text: of

text: visual

text: anthropology

question: What type of anthropology concerns itself with the study of photography and film?

answer: Visual

text: Visual

question: What are performances, art, and the production of mass media grouped under?

answer: visual representation

text: visual representation

question: What cultures' visual representations are included in visual anthropology?

answer: all

text: all

question: What term is visual anthropology sometimes used interchangeably with?

answer: ethnographic film

text: ethnographic film


text: The words antenna (plural: antennas in US English, although both "antennas" and "antennae" are used in International English) and aerial are used interchangeably. Occasionally the term "aerial" is used to mean a wire antenna. However, note the important international technical journal, the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. In the United Kingdom and other areas where British English is used, the term aerial is sometimes used although 'antenna' has been universal in professional use for many years.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: The

text: words

text: antenna

text: plural

text: antennas

text: in

text: US

text: English

text: although

text: both

text: antennas

text: and

text: antennae

text: are

text: used

text: in

text: International

text: English

text: and

text: aerial

text: are

text: used

text: interchangeably

text: Occasionally

text: the

text: term

text: aerial

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: mean

text: a

text: wire

text: antenna

text: However

text: note

text: the

text: important

text: international

text: technical

text: journal

text: the

text: IEEE

text: Transactions

text: on

text: Antennas

text: and

text: Propagation

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: other

text: areas

text: where

text: British

text: English

text: is

text: used

text: the

text: term

text: aerial

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: although

text: antenna

text: has

text: been

text: universal

text: in

text: professional

text: use

text: for

text: many

text: years

question: What is an acceptable synonym for antenna?

answer: aerial

text: aerial

question: What can sometimes be meant by the term aerial specifically?

answer: wire antenna

text: wire antenna

question: What is one way of referring to more than one antenna?

answer: antennae

text: antennae

question: What is the most widely accepted term for an electrical device that converts electric power into radio waves?

answer: antenna

text: antenna


text: Gay and lesbian people can have sexual relationships with someone of the opposite sex for a variety of reasons, including the desire for a perceived traditional family and concerns of discrimination and religious ostracism. While some LGBT people hide their respective orientations from their spouses, others develop positive gay and lesbian identities while maintaining successful heterosexual marriages. Coming out of the closet to oneself, a spouse of the opposite sex, and children can present challenges that are not faced by gay and lesbian people who are not married to people of the opposite sex or do not have children.

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: Gay

text: and

text: lesbian

text: people

text: can

text: have

text: sexual

text: relationships

text: with

text: someone

text: of

text: the

text: opposite

text: sex

text: for

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: reasons

text: including

text: the

text: desire

text: for

text: a

text: perceived

text: traditional

text: family

text: and

text: concerns

text: of

text: discrimination

text: and

text: religious

text: ostracism

text: While

text: some

text: LGBT

text: people

text: hide

text: their

text: respective

text: orientations

text: from

text: their

text: spouses

text: others

text: develop

text: positive

text: gay

text: and

text: lesbian

text: identities

text: while

text: maintaining

text: successful

text: heterosexual

text: marriages

text: Coming

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: closet

text: to

text: oneself

text: a

text: spouse

text: of

text: the

text: opposite

text: sex

text: and

text: children

text: can

text: present

text: challenges

text: that

text: are

text: not

text: faced

text: by

text: gay

text: and

text: lesbian

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: not

text: married

text: to

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: opposite

text: sex

text: or

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: children

question: What is one reason that a homosexual would engage in heterosexual behavior?

answer: desire for a perceived traditional family

text: desire for a perceived traditional family

question: What is one reason that a homosexual would engage in heterosexual behavior?

answer: concerns of discrimination

text: concerns of discrimination

question: What is one reason that a homosexual would engage in heterosexual behavior?

answer: religious ostracism

text: religious ostracism

question: What is a possible scenario that can occur when a closeted homosexual is in a heterosexual relationship?

answer: develop positive gay and lesbian identities while maintaining successful heterosexual marriages

text: develop positive gay and lesbian identities while maintaining successful heterosexual marriages

question: What is a possible scenario that can occur when a closeted homosexual is in a heterosexual relationship?

answer: hide their respective orientations from their spouses

text: hide their respective orientations from their spouses

question: What are some things that can cause a homosexual person to be with the opposite sex?

answer: desire for a perceived traditional family and concerns of discrimination and religious ostracism

text: desire for a perceived traditional family and concerns of discrimination and religious ostracism

question: Can a homosexual person still grow their sexual identiries while with the opposit sex?

answer: others develop positive gay and lesbian identities while maintaining successful heterosexual marriages

text: others develop positive gay and lesbian identities while maintaining successful heterosexual marriages

question: What kind of hardships can a homosexual face when admitting their ssexuality while in a heterosexual marriage?

answer: Coming out of the closet to oneself, a spouse of the opposite sex, and children

text: Coming out of the closet to oneself, a spouse of the opposite sex, and children

question: Can a homosexual person hide their true idenitys?

answer: some LGBT people hide their respective orientations from their spouses

text: some LGBT people hide their respective orientations from their spouses


text: Bird migration is not limited to birds that can fly. Most species of penguin (Spheniscidae) migrate by swimming. These routes can cover over 1,000 km (620 mi). Dusky grouse Dendragapus obscurus perform altitudinal migration mostly by walking. Emus Dromaius novaehollandiae in Australia have been observed to undertake long-distance movements on foot during droughts.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: Bird

text: migration

text: is

text: not

text: limited

text: to

text: birds

text: that

text: can

text: fly

text: Most

text: species

text: of

text: penguin

text: Spheniscidae

text: migrate

text: by

text: swimming

text: These

text: routes

text: can

text: cover

text: over

text: km

text: mi

text: Dusky

text: grouse

text: Dendragapus

text: obscurus

text: perform

text: altitudinal

text: migration

text: mostly

text: by

text: walking

text: Emus

text: Dromaius

text: novaehollandiae

text: in

text: Australia

text: have

text: been

text: observed

text: to

text: undertake

text: long

text: distance

text: movements

text: on

text: foot

text: during

text: droughts

question: How do penguins migrate?

answer: by swimming

text: by swimming

question: How far do penguins travel when they migrate?

answer: over 1,000 km

text: over 1,000 km

question: How do Dusky grouse migrate?

answer: mostly by walking

text: mostly by walking

question: How do Emus migrate long distances during droughts?

answer: on foot

text: on foot

question: Where are Emus from?

answer: Australia

text: Australia


text: The Israeli Space Agency coordinates all Israeli space research programs with scientific and commercial goals. In 2012 Israel was ranked ninth in the world by the Futron's Space Competitiveness Index. Israel is one of only seven countries that both build their own satellites and launch their own launchers. The Shavit is a space launch vehicle produced by Israel to launch small satellites into low earth orbit. It was first launched in 1988, making Israel the eighth nation to have a space launch capability. Shavit rockets are launched from the spaceport at the Palmachim Airbase by the Israeli Space Agency. Since 1988 Israel Aerospace Industries have indigenously designed and built at least 13 commercial, research and spy satellites. Some of Israel's satellites are ranked among the world's most advanced space systems. In 2003, Ilan Ramon became Israel's first astronaut, serving as payload specialist of STS-107, the fatal mission of the Space Shuttle Columbia.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: The

text: Israeli

text: Space

text: Agency

text: coordinates

text: all

text: Israeli

text: space

text: research

text: programs

text: with

text: scientific

text: and

text: commercial

text: goals

text: In

text: Israel

text: was

text: ranked

text: ninth

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: the

text: Futron

text: 's

text: Space

text: Competitiveness

text: Index

text: Israel

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: seven

text: countries

text: that

text: both

text: build

text: their

text: own

text: satellites

text: and

text: launch

text: their

text: own

text: launchers

text: The

text: Shavit

text: is

text: a

text: space

text: launch

text: vehicle

text: produced

text: by

text: Israel

text: to

text: launch

text: small

text: satellites

text: into

text: low

text: earth

text: orbit

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: launched

text: in

text: making

text: Israel

text: the

text: eighth

text: nation

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: space

text: launch

text: capability

text: Shavit

text: rockets

text: are

text: launched

text: from

text: the

text: spaceport

text: at

text: the

text: Palmachim

text: Airbase

text: by

text: the

text: Israeli

text: Space

text: Agency

text: Since

text: Israel

text: Aerospace

text: Industries

text: have

text: indigenously

text: designed

text: and

text: built

text: at

text: least

text: commercial

text: research

text: and

text: spy

text: satellites

text: Some

text: of

text: Israel

text: 's

text: satellites

text: are

text: ranked

text: among

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: advanced

text: space

text: systems

text: In

text: Ilan

text: Ramon

text: became

text: Israel

text: 's

text: first

text: astronaut

text: serving

text: as

text: payload

text: specialist

text: of

text: the

text: fatal

text: mission

text: of

text: the

text: Space

text: Shuttle

text: Columbia

question: What coordinates with all Israeli space research programs?

answer: Israeli Space Agency

text: Israeli Space Agency

question: Futron's Space Competitiveness Index ranked Israel what in 2012?

answer: ninth in the world

text: ninth in the world

question: When did Israel launch it's first satellite?

answer: 1988


text: In total, 156 prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015. Death penalty opponents often argue that this statistic shows how perilously close states have come to undertaking wrongful executions; proponents point out that the statistic refers only to those exonerated in law, and that the truly innocent may be a smaller number. Statistics likely understate the actual problem of wrongful convictions because once an execution has occurred there is often insufficient motivation and finance to keep a case open, and it becomes unlikely at that point that the miscarriage of justice will ever be exposed.

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: total

text: prisoners

text: have

text: been

text: either

text: acquitted

text: or

text: received

text: pardons

text: or

text: commutations

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: possible

text: innocence

text: between

text: to

text: Death

text: penalty

text: opponents

text: often

text: argue

text: that

text: this

text: statistic

text: shows

text: how

text: perilously

text: close

text: states

text: have

text: come

text: to

text: undertaking

text: wrongful

text: executions

text: proponents

text: point

text: out

text: that

text: the

text: statistic

text: refers

text: only

text: to

text: those

text: exonerated

text: in

text: law

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: truly

text: innocent

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: smaller

text: number

text: Statistics

text: likely

text: understate

text: the

text: actual

text: problem

text: of

text: wrongful

text: convictions

text: because

text: once

text: an

text: execution

text: has

text: occurred

text: there

text: is

text: often

text: insufficient

text: motivation

text: and

text: finance

text: to

text: keep

text: a

text: case

text: open

text: and

text: it

text: becomes

text: unlikely

text: at

text: that

text: point

text: that

text: the

text: miscarriage

text: of

text: justice

text: will

text: ever

text: be

text: exposed

question: Between 1973 and 2015, how amny prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible innocence?

answer: 156


text: In addition, this Introductory Course gives students more information to complement general biology or science training. It also has two different parts: Part I is an introduction to the basic principles of immunology and Part II is a clinically-oriented lecture series. On the other hand, the Advanced Course is another course for those who are willing to expand or update their understanding of immunology. It is advised for students who want to attend the Advanced Course to have a background of the principles of immunology. Most schools require students to take electives in other to complete their degrees. A Master’s degree requires two years of study following the attainment of a bachelor's degree. For a doctoral programme it is required to take two additional years of study.

title: Immunology

title: Immunology

text: In

text: addition

text: this

text: Introductory

text: Course

text: gives

text: students

text: more

text: information

text: to

text: complement

text: general

text: biology

text: or

text: science

text: training

text: It

text: also

text: has

text: two

text: different

text: parts

text: Part

text: I

text: is

text: an

text: introduction

text: to

text: the

text: basic

text: principles

text: of

text: immunology

text: and

text: Part

text: II

text: is

text: a

text: clinically

text: oriented

text: lecture

text: series

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: the

text: Advanced

text: Course

text: is

text: another

text: course

text: for

text: those

text: who

text: are

text: willing

text: to

text: expand

text: or

text: update

text: their

text: understanding

text: of

text: immunology

text: It

text: is

text: advised

text: for

text: students

text: who

text: want

text: to

text: attend

text: the

text: Advanced

text: Course

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: background

text: of

text: the

text: principles

text: of

text: immunology

text: Most

text: schools

text: require

text: students

text: to

text: take

text: electives

text: in

text: other

text: to

text: complete

text: their

text: degrees

text: A

text: Master

text: ’s

text: degree

text: requires

text: two

text: years

text: of

text: study

text: following

text: the

text: attainment

text: of

text: a

text: bachelor

text: 's

text: degree

text: For

text: a

text: doctoral

text: programme

text: it

text: is

text: required

text: to

text: take

text: two

text: additional

text: years

text: of

text: study

question: Part 1 of the AAI introductory immunology course is meant to be what?

answer: an introduction to the basic principles of immunology

text: an introduction to the basic principles of immunology

question: Part 2 of the AAI introductory immunology course revolves around what?

answer: clinically-oriented lecture series

text: clinically-oriented lecture series

question: What pre-requisite should enrollees in the advanced immunology course have?

answer: a background of the principles of immunology

text: a background of the principles of immunology

question: How long does it typically take to earn a Master's degree?

answer: two years of study

text: two years of study

question: What program requires an additional two years of study?

answer: a doctoral programme

text: a doctoral programme


text: Buddhists believe Gautama Buddha was the first to achieve enlightenment in this Buddha era and is therefore credited with the establishment of Buddhism. A Buddha era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha. This Buddha era will end when all the knowledge, evidence and teachings of Gautama Buddha have vanished. This belief therefore maintains that many Buddha eras have started and ended throughout the course of human existence.[web 15][web 16] The Gautama Buddha, therefore, is the Buddha of this era, who taught directly or indirectly to all other Buddhas in it (see types of Buddhas).

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Buddhists

text: believe

text: Gautama

text: Buddha

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: achieve

text: enlightenment

text: in

text: this

text: Buddha

text: era

text: and

text: is

text: therefore

text: credited

text: with

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: A

text: Buddha

text: era

text: is

text: the

text: stretch

text: of

text: history

text: during

text: which

text: people

text: remember

text: and

text: practice

text: the

text: teachings

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: known

text: Buddha

text: This

text: Buddha

text: era

text: will

text: end

text: when

text: all

text: the

text: knowledge

text: evidence

text: and

text: teachings

text: of

text: Gautama

text: Buddha

text: have

text: vanished

text: This

text: belief

text: therefore

text: maintains

text: that

text: many

text: Buddha

text: eras

text: have

text: started

text: and

text: ended

text: throughout

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: human

text: existence.[web

text: The

text: Gautama

text: Buddha

text: therefore

text: is

text: the

text: Buddha

text: of

text: this

text: era

text: who

text: taught

text: directly

text: or

text: indirectly

text: to

text: all

text: other

text: Buddhas

text: in

text: it

text: see

text: types

text: of

text: Buddhas

question: Who is believed to have achieved enlightenment first?

answer: Gautama Buddha

text: Gautama Buddha

question: What is the term for the stretch of history during which people rmember and practice the teachings of the earliest known buddha?

answer: A Buddha era

text: A Buddha era

question: Who is the Buddha of this Buddha era?

answer: Gautama Buddha

text: Gautama Buddha

question: Who taught directly or indirectly to all other Buddhas?

answer: Gautama Buddha

text: Gautama Buddha


text: In the 2004 Democratic presidential primaries, John Kerry defeated several Democratic rivals, including Sen. John Edwards (D-North Carolina.), former Vermont Governor Howard Dean and retired Army General Wesley Clark. His victory in the Iowa caucuses is widely believed to be the tipping point where Kerry revived his sagging campaign in New Hampshire and the February 3, 2004, primary states like Arizona, South Carolina and New Mexico. Kerry then went on to win landslide victories in Nevada and Wisconsin. Kerry thus won the Democratic nomination to run for President of the United States against incumbent George W. Bush. On July 6, 2004, he announced his selection of John Edwards as his running mate. Democratic strategist Bob Shrum, who was Kerry's 2004 campaign adviser, wrote an article in Time magazine claiming that after the election, Kerry had said that he wished he'd never picked Edwards, and that the two have since stopped speaking to each other. In a subsequent appearance on ABC's This Week, Kerry refused to respond to Shrum's allegation, calling it a "ridiculous waste of time."

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: In

text: the

text: Democratic

text: presidential

text: primaries

text: John

text: Kerry

text: defeated

text: several

text: Democratic

text: rivals

text: including

text: Sen.

text: John

text: Edwards

text: D

text: North

text: Carolina

text: former

text: Vermont

text: Governor

text: Howard

text: Dean

text: and

text: retired

text: Army

text: General

text: Wesley

text: Clark

text: His

text: victory

text: in

text: the

text: Iowa

text: caucuses

text: is

text: widely

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: tipping

text: point

text: where

text: Kerry

text: revived

text: his

text: sagging

text: campaign

text: in

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: and

text: the

text: February

text: primary

text: states

text: like

text: Arizona

text: South

text: Carolina

text: and

text: New

text: Mexico

text: Kerry

text: then

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: win

text: landslide

text: victories

text: in

text: Nevada

text: and

text: Wisconsin

text: Kerry

text: thus

text: won

text: the

text: Democratic

text: nomination

text: to

text: run

text: for

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: against

text: incumbent

text: George

text: W.

text: Bush

text: On

text: July

text: he

text: announced

text: his

text: selection

text: of

text: John

text: Edwards

text: as

text: his

text: running

text: mate

text: Democratic

text: strategist

text: Bob

text: Shrum

text: who

text: was

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: campaign

text: adviser

text: wrote

text: an

text: article

text: in

text: Time

text: magazine

text: claiming

text: that

text: after

text: the

text: election

text: Kerry

text: had

text: said

text: that

text: he

text: wished

text: he

text: 'd

text: never

text: picked

text: Edwards

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: two

text: have

text: since

text: stopped

text: speaking

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: In

text: a

text: subsequent

text: appearance

text: on

text: ABC

text: 's

text: This

text: Week

text: Kerry

text: refused

text: to

text: respond

text: to

text: Shrum

text: 's

text: allegation

text: calling

text: it

text: a

text: ridiculous

text: waste

text: of

text: time

question: Where was John Edwards a senator?

answer: North Carolina

text: North Carolina

question: Where was Howard Dean a governor?

answer: Vermont

text: Vermont

question: What was Wesley Clark's former job?

answer: Army General

text: Army General

question: Who won the 2004 Iowa Democratic Caucus?

answer: John Kerry

text: John Kerry

question: When did Kerry choose John Edwards to be his VP?

answer: July 6, 2004

text: July 6, 2004


text: Most copper is mined or extracted as copper sulfides from large open pit mines in porphyry copper deposits that contain 0.4 to 1.0% copper. Examples include Chuquicamata in Chile, Bingham Canyon Mine in Utah, United States and El Chino Mine in New Mexico, United States. According to the British Geological Survey, in 2005, Chile was the top mine producer of copper with at least one-third world share followed by the United States, Indonesia and Peru. Copper can also be recovered through the in-situ leach process. Several sites in the state of Arizona are considered prime candidates for this method. The amount of copper in use is increasing and the quantity available is barely sufficient to allow all countries to reach developed world levels of usage.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: Most

text: copper

text: is

text: mined

text: or

text: extracted

text: as

text: copper

text: sulfides

text: from

text: large

text: open

text: pit

text: mines

text: in

text: porphyry

text: copper

text: deposits

text: that

text: contain

text: to

text: copper

text: Examples

text: include

text: Chuquicamata

text: in

text: Chile

text: Bingham

text: Canyon

text: Mine

text: in

text: Utah

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: El

text: Chino

text: Mine

text: in

text: New

text: Mexico

text: United

text: States

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: Geological

text: Survey

text: in

text: Chile

text: was

text: the

text: top

text: mine

text: producer

text: of

text: copper

text: with

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: third

text: world

text: share

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: Peru

text: Copper

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: recovered

text: through

text: the

text: in

text: situ

text: leach

text: process

text: Several

text: sites

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Arizona

text: are

text: considered

text: prime

text: candidates

text: for

text: this

text: method

text: The

text: amount

text: of

text: copper

text: in

text: use

text: is

text: increasing

text: and

text: the

text: quantity

text: available

text: is

text: barely

text: sufficient

text: to

text: allow

text: all

text: countries

text: to

text: reach

text: developed

text: world

text: levels

text: of

text: usage

question: In what form is copper extracted?

answer: copper sulfides

text: copper sulfides

question: From what types of mines is copper extracted?

answer: open pit mines

text: open pit mines

question: What percentage of copper do the deposits have that are extracted?

answer: 0.4 to 1.0% copper

text: 0.4 to 1.0% copper

question: What country was the top producer of copper in 2005?

answer: Chile

text: Chile

question: What is the name of the process being considered in Arizona that allows copper to be recovered?

answer: in-situ leach process

text: in-situ leach process


text: According to John Everett-Heath, the author of Oxford Concise Dictionary of World Place Names, Hyderabad means "Haydar's city" or "lion city", from haydar (lion) and ābād (city). It was named to honour the Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib, who was also known as Haydar because of his lion-like valour in battles. Andrew Petersen, a scholar of Islamic architecture, says the city was originally called Baghnagar (city of gardens). One popular theory suggests that Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, the founder of the city, named it "Bhagyanagar" or "Bhāgnagar" after Bhagmati, a local nautch (dancing) girl with whom he had fallen in love. She converted to Islam and adopted the title Hyder Mahal. The city was renamed Hyderabad in her honour. According to another source, the city was named after Haidar, the son of Quli Qutb Shah.

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: According

text: to

text: John

text: Everett

text: Heath

text: the

text: author

text: of

text: Oxford

text: Concise

text: Dictionary

text: of

text: World

text: Place

text: Names

text: Hyderabad

text: means

text: Haydar

text: 's

text: city

text: or

text: lion

text: city

text: from

text: haydar

text: lion

text: and

text: ābād

text: city

text: It

text: was

text: named

text: to

text: honour

text: the

text: Caliph

text: Ali

text: Ibn

text: Abi

text: Talib

text: who

text: was

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Haydar

text: because

text: of

text: his

text: lion

text: like

text: valour

text: in

text: battles

text: Andrew

text: Petersen

text: a

text: scholar

text: of

text: Islamic

text: architecture

text: says

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: originally

text: called

text: Baghnagar

text: city

text: of

text: gardens

text: One

text: popular

text: theory

text: suggests

text: that

text: Muhammad

text: Quli

text: Qutb

text: Shah

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: named

text: it

text: Bhagyanagar

text: or

text: Bhāgnagar

text: after

text: Bhagmati

text: a

text: local

text: nautch

text: dancing

text: girl

text: with

text: whom

text: he

text: had

text: fallen

text: in

text: love

text: She

text: converted

text: to

text: Islam

text: and

text: adopted

text: the

text: title

text: Hyder

text: Mahal

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: renamed

text: Hyderabad

text: in

text: her

text: honour

text: According

text: to

text: another

text: source

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: Haidar

text: the

text: son

text: of

text: Quli

text: Qutb

text: Shah

question: What does the Oxford Concise Dictionary of World Place Names say Hyderabad means?

answer: "Haydar's city" or "lion city"

text: "Haydar's city" or "lion city"

question: Hyderabad was named in honor of someone, who was it?

answer: Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib

text: Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib

question: What does Andrew Petersen say that Hyderabad was originally known as?

answer: Baghnagar (city of gardens).

text: Baghnagar (city of gardens).

question: Who founded what came to be known Hyderabad?

answer: Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah

text: Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah

question: What person is Hyderabad said to have been renamed for?

answer: "Bhagyanagar" or "Bhāgnagar" after Bhagmati, a local nautch (dancing) girl

text: "Bhagyanagar" or "Bhāgnagar" after Bhagmati, a local nautch (dancing) girl


text: In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Essina, Sarapion, Nikon, Malao, Damo and Mosylon near Cape Guardafui, which competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade, also flourished in Somalia.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: In

text: the

text: classical

text: era

text: several

text: ancient

text: city

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: Opone

text: Essina

text: Sarapion

text: Nikon

text: Malao

text: Damo

text: and

text: Mosylon

text: near

text: Cape

text: Guardafui

text: which

text: competed

text: with

text: the

text: Sabaeans

text: Parthians

text: and

text: Axumites

text: for

text: the

text: wealthy

text: Indo

text: Greco

text: Roman

text: trade

text: also

text: flourished

text: in

text: Somalia

question: Near what headland was Mosylon located?

answer: Cape Guardafui

text: Cape Guardafui

question: Along with Mosylon, Malao, Nikon, Sarapion, Opone and Essina, what city-state flourished in ancient Somalia?

answer: Damo

text: Damo

question: Along with the Parthians and Axumites, who were the commercial competitors of the ancient Somalis?

answer: Sabaeans

text: Sabaeans

question: What trade did the ancient Somalis and others compete for?

answer: Indo-Greco-Roman

text: Indo-Greco-Roman


text: Sleep involves great changes in brain activity. Until the 1950s it was generally believed that the brain essentially shuts off during sleep, but this is now known to be far from true; activity continues, but patterns become very different. There are two types of sleep: REM sleep (with dreaming) and NREM (non-REM, usually without dreaming) sleep, which repeat in slightly varying patterns throughout a sleep episode. Three broad types of distinct brain activity patterns can be measured: REM, light NREM and deep NREM. During deep NREM sleep, also called slow wave sleep, activity in the cortex takes the form of large synchronized waves, whereas in the waking state it is noisy and desynchronized. Levels of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin drop during slow wave sleep, and fall almost to zero during REM sleep; levels of acetylcholine show the reverse pattern.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: Sleep

text: involves

text: great

text: changes

text: in

text: brain

text: activity

text: Until

text: the

text: it

text: was

text: generally

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: brain

text: essentially

text: shuts

text: off

text: during

text: sleep

text: but

text: this

text: is

text: now

text: known

text: to

text: be

text: far

text: from

text: true

text: activity

text: continues

text: but

text: patterns

text: become

text: very

text: different

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: types

text: of

text: sleep

text: REM

text: sleep

text: with

text: dreaming

text: and

text: NREM

text: non

text: REM

text: usually

text: without

text: dreaming

text: sleep

text: which

text: repeat

text: in

text: slightly

text: varying

text: patterns

text: throughout

text: a

text: sleep

text: episode

text: Three

text: broad

text: types

text: of

text: distinct

text: brain

text: activity

text: patterns

text: can

text: be

text: measured

text: REM

text: light

text: NREM

text: and

text: deep

text: NREM

text: During

text: deep

text: NREM

text: sleep

text: also

text: called

text: slow

text: wave

text: sleep

text: activity

text: in

text: the

text: cortex

text: takes

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: large

text: synchronized

text: waves

text: whereas

text: in

text: the

text: waking

text: state

text: it

text: is

text: noisy

text: and

text: desynchronized

text: Levels

text: of

text: the

text: neurotransmitters

text: norepinephrine

text: and

text: serotonin

text: drop

text: during

text: slow

text: wave

text: sleep

text: and

text: fall

text: almost

text: to

text: zero

text: during

text: REM

text: sleep

text: levels

text: of

text: acetylcholine

text: show

text: the

text: reverse

text: pattern

question: There are two types of sleep called what?

answer: REM sleep (with dreaming) and NREM

text: REM sleep (with dreaming) and NREM

question: What type of sleep involves dreaming?

answer: REM sleep

text: REM sleep

question: The three types of brain activity that can be measured are what?

answer: REM, light NREM and deep NREM

text: REM, light NREM and deep NREM

question: Slow wave sleep is also known as what?

answer: deep NREM sleep

text: deep NREM sleep

question: During what stage of sleep do serotonin and norepinephrine levels drop?

answer: slow wave sleep

text: slow wave sleep


text: Patassé purged many of the Kolingba elements from the government and Kolingba supporters accused Patassé's government of conducting a "witch hunt" against the Yakoma. A new constitution was approved on 28 December 1994 but had little impact on the country's politics. In 1996–1997, reflecting steadily decreasing public confidence in the government's erratic behaviour, three mutinies against Patassé's administration were accompanied by widespread destruction of property and heightened ethnic tension. During this time (1996) the Peace Corps evacuated all its volunteers to neighboring Cameroon. To date, the Peace Corps has not returned to the Central African Republic. The Bangui Agreements, signed in January 1997, provided for the deployment of an inter-African military mission, to Central African Republic and re-entry of ex-mutineers into the government on 7 April 1997. The inter-African military mission was later replaced by a U.N. peacekeeping force (MINURCA).

title: Central_African_Republic

title: Central_African_Republic

text: Patassé

text: purged

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: Kolingba

text: elements

text: from

text: the

text: government

text: and

text: Kolingba

text: supporters

text: accused

text: Patassé

text: 's

text: government

text: of

text: conducting

text: a

text: witch

text: hunt

text: against

text: the

text: Yakoma

text: A

text: new

text: constitution

text: was

text: approved

text: on

text: December

text: but

text: had

text: little

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: politics

text: In

text: reflecting

text: steadily

text: decreasing

text: public

text: confidence

text: in

text: the

text: government

text: 's

text: erratic

text: behaviour

text: three

text: mutinies

text: against

text: Patassé

text: 's

text: administration

text: were

text: accompanied

text: by

text: widespread

text: destruction

text: of

text: property

text: and

text: heightened

text: ethnic

text: tension

text: During

text: this

text: time

text: the

text: Peace

text: Corps

text: evacuated

text: all

text: its

text: volunteers

text: to

text: neighboring

text: Cameroon

text: To

text: date

text: the

text: Peace

text: Corps

text: has

text: not

text: returned

text: to

text: the

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

text: The

text: Bangui

text: Agreements

text: signed

text: in

text: January

text: provided

text: for

text: the

text: deployment

text: of

text: an

text: inter

text: African

text: military

text: mission

text: to

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

text: and

text: re

text: entry

text: of

text: ex

text: mutineers

text: into

text: the

text: government

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: inter

text: African

text: military

text: mission

text: was

text: later

text: replaced

text: by

text: a

text: U.N.

text: peacekeeping

text: force

text: MINURCA

question: When was the new constitution for CAR approved?

answer: 28 December 1994

text: 28 December 1994

question: When did a mutiny form against Patasse?

answer: In 1996–1997

text: In 1996–1997

question: The mutinies caused what effects on the country?

answer: widespread destruction of property

text: widespread destruction of property

question: What agreement gave the authority for deployment of military intervention?

answer: The Bangui Agreements

text: The Bangui Agreements

question: Where did the peace corps evacuate to?

answer: Cameroon

text: Cameroon


text: Pluralistic idealism such as that of Gottfried Leibniz takes the view that there are many individual minds that together underlie the existence of the observed world and make possible the existence of the physical universe. Unlike absolute idealism, pluralistic idealism does not assume the existence of a single ultimate mental reality or "Absolute". Leibniz' form of idealism, known as Panpsychism, views "monads" as the true atoms of the universe and as entities having perception. The monads are "substantial forms of being",elemental, individual, subject to their own laws, non-interacting, each reflecting the entire universe. Monads are centers of force, which is substance while space, matter and motion are phenomenal and their form and existence is dependent on the simple and immaterial monads. There is a pre-established harmony established by God, the central monad, between the world in the minds of the monads and the external world of objects. Leibniz's cosmology embraced traditional Christian Theism. The English psychologist and philosopher James Ward inspired by Leibniz had also defended a form of pluralistic idealism. According to Ward the universe is composed of "psychic monads" of different levels, interacting for mutual self- betterment.

title: Idealism

title: Idealism

text: Pluralistic

text: idealism

text: such

text: as

text: that

text: of

text: Gottfried

text: Leibniz

text: takes

text: the

text: view

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: individual

text: minds

text: that

text: together

text: underlie

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: the

text: observed

text: world

text: and

text: make

text: possible

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: the

text: physical

text: universe

text: Unlike

text: absolute

text: idealism

text: pluralistic

text: idealism

text: does

text: not

text: assume

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: a

text: single

text: ultimate

text: mental

text: reality

text: or

text: Absolute

text: Leibniz

text: form

text: of

text: idealism

text: known

text: as

text: Panpsychism

text: views

text: monads

text: as

text: the

text: true

text: atoms

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: and

text: as

text: entities

text: having

text: perception

text: The

text: monads

text: are

text: substantial

text: forms

text: of

text: being",elemental

text: individual

text: subject

text: to

text: their

text: own

text: laws

text: non

text: interacting

text: each

text: reflecting

text: the

text: entire

text: universe

text: Monads

text: are

text: centers

text: of

text: force

text: which

text: is

text: substance

text: while

text: space

text: matter

text: and

text: motion

text: are

text: phenomenal

text: and

text: their

text: form

text: and

text: existence

text: is

text: dependent

text: on

text: the

text: simple

text: and

text: immaterial

text: monads

text: There

text: is

text: a

text: pre

text: established

text: harmony

text: established

text: by

text: God

text: the

text: central

text: monad

text: between

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: the

text: minds

text: of

text: the

text: monads

text: and

text: the

text: external

text: world

text: of

text: objects

text: Leibniz

text: 's

text: cosmology

text: embraced

text: traditional

text: Christian

text: Theism

text: The

text: English

text: psychologist

text: and

text: philosopher

text: James

text: Ward

text: inspired

text: by

text: Leibniz

text: had

text: also

text: defended

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: pluralistic

text: idealism

text: According

text: to

text: Ward

text: the

text: universe

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: psychic

text: monads

text: of

text: different

text: levels

text: interacting

text: for

text: mutual

text: self-

text: betterment

question: Who is a notable exponent of pluralistic idealism?

answer: Gottfried Leibniz

text: Gottfried Leibniz

question: What is the term for the type of idealism preached by Leibniz?

answer: Panpsychism

text: Panpsychism

question: What did Leibniz believe the universe is fundamentally composed of?

answer: monads

text: monads

question: Who was a notable disciple of Leibniz?

answer: James Ward

text: James Ward

question: What does Ward see as the purpose of interaction between monads?

answer: self- betterment

text: self- betterment


text: This eventually led to LBJ's Civil Rights Act, which came shortly after President Kennedy's assassination. This document was more holistic than any President Kennedy had offered, and therefore more controversial. It aimed not only to integrate public facilities, but also private businesses that sold to the public, such as motels, restaurants, theaters, and gas stations. Public schools, hospitals, libraries, parks, among other things, were included in the bill as well. It also worked with JFK's executive order 11114 by prohibiting discrimination in the awarding of federal contracts and holding the authority of the government to deny contracts to businesses who discriminate. Maybe most significant of all, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act aimed to end discrimination in all firms with 25 or more employees. Another provision established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission as the agency charged with ending discrimination in the nation's workplace.:74

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: This

text: eventually

text: led

text: to

text: LBJ

text: 's

text: Civil

text: Rights

text: Act

text: which

text: came

text: shortly

text: after

text: President

text: Kennedy

text: 's

text: assassination

text: This

text: document

text: was

text: more

text: holistic

text: than

text: any

text: President

text: Kennedy

text: had

text: offered

text: and

text: therefore

text: more

text: controversial

text: It

text: aimed

text: not

text: only

text: to

text: integrate

text: public

text: facilities

text: but

text: also

text: private

text: businesses

text: that

text: sold

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: such

text: as

text: motels

text: restaurants

text: theaters

text: and

text: gas

text: stations

text: Public

text: schools

text: hospitals

text: libraries

text: parks

text: among

text: other

text: things

text: were

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: bill

text: as

text: well

text: It

text: also

text: worked

text: with

text: JFK

text: 's

text: executive

text: order

text: by

text: prohibiting

text: discrimination

text: in

text: the

text: awarding

text: of

text: federal

text: contracts

text: and

text: holding

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: to

text: deny

text: contracts

text: to

text: businesses

text: who

text: discriminate

text: Maybe

text: most

text: significant

text: of

text: all

text: Title

text: VII

text: of

text: the

text: Civil

text: Rights

text: Act

text: aimed

text: to

text: end

text: discrimination

text: in

text: all

text: firms

text: with

text: or

text: more

text: employees

text: Another

text: provision

text: established

text: the

text: Equal

text: Employment

text: Opportunity

text: Commission

text: as

text: the

text: agency

text: charged

text: with

text: ending

text: discrimination

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

question: Which piece of legislation quickly followed President Kennedy's assassination?

answer: Civil Rights Act

text: Civil Rights Act

question: Outside of the private business regulations, what was the other aim of the Civil Rights Act?

answer: integrate public facilities

text: integrate public facilities

question: Which other Executive Order did the Civil Right's Act work closely with?

answer: 11114

question: What was the purpose of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act?

answer: to end discrimination in all firms with 25 or more employees

text: to end discrimination in all firms with 25 or more employees

question: What was the goal of the Equal Employment Opportunity C omission?

answer: ending discrimination in the nation's workplace

text: ending discrimination in the nation's workplace


text: Patronage refers to favoring supporters, for example with government employment. This may be legitimate, as when a newly elected government changes the top officials in the administration in order to effectively implement its policy. It can be seen as corruption if this means that incompetent persons, as a payment for supporting the regime, are selected before more able ones. In nondemocracies many government officials are often selected for loyalty rather than ability. They may be almost exclusively selected from a particular group (for example, Sunni Arabs in Saddam Hussein's Iraq, the nomenklatura in the Soviet Union, or the Junkers in Imperial Germany) that support the regime in return for such favors. A similar problem can also be seen in Eastern Europe, for example in Romania, where the government is often accused of patronage (when a new government comes to power it rapidly changes most of the officials in the public sector).

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: Patronage

text: refers

text: to

text: favoring

text: supporters

text: for

text: example

text: with

text: government

text: employment

text: This

text: may

text: be

text: legitimate

text: as

text: when

text: a

text: newly

text: elected

text: government

text: changes

text: the

text: top

text: officials

text: in

text: the

text: administration

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: effectively

text: implement

text: its

text: policy

text: It

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: as

text: corruption

text: if

text: this

text: means

text: that

text: incompetent

text: persons

text: as

text: a

text: payment

text: for

text: supporting

text: the

text: regime

text: are

text: selected

text: before

text: more

text: able

text: ones

text: In

text: nondemocracies

text: many

text: government

text: officials

text: are

text: often

text: selected

text: for

text: loyalty

text: rather

text: than

text: ability

text: They

text: may

text: be

text: almost

text: exclusively

text: selected

text: from

text: a

text: particular

text: group

text: for

text: example

text: Sunni

text: Arabs

text: in

text: Saddam

text: Hussein

text: 's

text: Iraq

text: the

text: nomenklatura

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: or

text: the

text: Junkers

text: in

text: Imperial

text: Germany

text: that

text: support

text: the

text: regime

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: such

text: favors

text: A

text: similar

text: problem

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: seen

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: for

text: example

text: in

text: Romania

text: where

text: the

text: government

text: is

text: often

text: accused

text: of

text: patronage

text: when

text: a

text: new

text: government

text: comes

text: to

text: power

text: it

text: rapidly

text: changes

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: officials

text: in

text: the

text: public

text: sector

question: Giving government jobs to supporters is called what?

answer: Patronage

text: Patronage

question: What country quickly changes most people working in government position when a new government comes into power?

answer: Romania

text: Romania


text: Following the death of Freddie Gray, Beyoncé and Jay-Z, among other notable figures, met with his family. After the imprisonment of protesters of Gray's death, Beyoncé and Jay-Z donated thousands of dollars to bail them out.

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: Following

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Freddie

text: Gray

text: Beyoncé

text: and

text: Jay

text: Z

text: among

text: other

text: notable

text: figures

text: met

text: with

text: his

text: family

text: After

text: the

text: imprisonment

text: of

text: protesters

text: of

text: Gray

text: 's

text: death

text: Beyoncé

text: and

text: Jay

text: Z

text: donated

text: thousands

text: of

text: dollars

text: to

text: bail

text: them

text: out

question: Beyonce along with Jay Z met with whom's family after their death?

answer: Freddie Gray

text: Freddie Gray

question: Beyonce with Jay Z gave lots of money to bail who out of prison?

answer: protesters

text: protesters

question: Who's death caused this protest?

answer: Freddie Gray

text: Freddie Gray

question: How much bail money did they spend?

answer: thousands of dollars

text: thousands of dollars


text: There are two sovereign states in the isles: Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Ireland, sometimes called the Republic of Ireland, governs five sixths of the island of Ireland, with the remainder of the island forming Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, usually shortened to simply the United Kingdom, which governs the remainder of the archipelago with the exception of the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. The Isle of Man and the two states of the Channel Islands, Jersey and Guernsey, are known as the Crown Dependencies. They exercise constitutional rights of self-government and judicial independence; responsibility for international representation rests largely upon the UK (in consultation with the respective governments); and responsibility for defence is reserved by the UK. The United Kingdom is made up of four constituent parts: England, Scotland and Wales, forming Great Britain, and Northern Ireland in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Of these, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have "devolved" governments meaning that they have their own parliaments/assemblies and are self-governing with respect to certain areas set down by law. For judicial purposes, Scotland, Northern Ireland and England and Wales (the latter being one entity) form separate legal jurisdiction, with there being no single law for the UK as a whole.

title: British_Isles

title: British_Isles

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: sovereign

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: isles

text: Ireland

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Ireland

text: sometimes

text: called

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: governs

text: five

text: sixths

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Ireland

text: with

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: forming

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: is

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: usually

text: shortened

text: to

text: simply

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: which

text: governs

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: the

text: archipelago

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: and

text: the

text: Channel

text: Islands

text: The

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: and

text: the

text: two

text: states

text: of

text: the

text: Channel

text: Islands

text: Jersey

text: and

text: Guernsey

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Crown

text: Dependencies

text: They

text: exercise

text: constitutional

text: rights

text: of

text: self

text: government

text: and

text: judicial

text: independence

text: responsibility

text: for

text: international

text: representation

text: rests

text: largely

text: upon

text: the

text: UK

text: in

text: consultation

text: with

text: the

text: respective

text: governments

text: and

text: responsibility

text: for

text: defence

text: is

text: reserved

text: by

text: the

text: UK

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: is

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: four

text: constituent

text: parts

text: England

text: Scotland

text: and

text: Wales

text: forming

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Of

text: these

text: Scotland

text: Wales

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: have

text: devolved

text: governments

text: meaning

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: parliaments

text: assemblies

text: and

text: are

text: self

text: governing

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: certain

text: areas

text: set

text: down

text: by

text: law

text: For

text: judicial

text: purposes

text: Scotland

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: and

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: the

text: latter

text: being

text: one

text: entity

text: form

text: separate

text: legal

text: jurisdiction

text: with

text: there

text: being

text: no

text: single

text: law

text: for

text: the

text: UK

text: as

text: a

text: whole

question: What are the names of the two states that are sovereign in the British Isles today?

answer: Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

text: Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

question: What is another name that Ireland is also called?

answer: Republic of Ireland

text: Republic of Ireland

question: Northern Ireland is part of which country?

answer: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

text: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

question: What is another name for the  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?

answer: United Kingdom

text: United Kingdom

question: Which three states in the United Kingdom have devolved governements?

answer: Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

text: Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland


text: After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: After

text: being

text: lit

text: at

text: the

text: birthplace

text: of

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: in

text: Olympia

text: Greece

text: on

text: March

text: the

text: torch

text: traveled

text: to

text: the

text: Panathinaiko

text: Stadium

text: in

text: Athens

text: and

text: then

text: to

text: Beijing

text: arriving

text: on

text: March

text: From

text: Beijing

text: the

text: torch

text: was

text: following

text: a

text: route

text: passing

text: through

text: six

text: continents

text: The

text: torch

text: has

text: visited

text: cities

text: along

text: the

text: Silk

text: Road

text: symbolizing

text: ancient

text: links

text: between

text: China

text: and

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: relay

text: also

text: included

text: an

text: ascent

text: with

text: the

text: flame

text: to

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: Mount

text: Everest

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: of

text: Nepal

text: and

text: Tibet

text: China

text: from

text: the

text: Chinese

text: side

text: which

text: was

text: closed

text: specially

text: for

text: the

text: event

question: What day was the Olympic torch lit for the 2008 games?

answer: March 24

text: March 24

question: Where did the Olympics originate?

answer: Olympia, Greece

text: Olympia, Greece

question: When did the Olympic torch reach Beijing?

answer: March 31

text: March 31

question: How many continents did the torch visit after Beijing?

answer: six

text: six

question: The torch was on what road to symbolize historic links between China and the world?

answer: Silk Road

text: Silk Road

question: Where was the Olympic torch lit?

answer: Olympia, Greece

text: Olympia, Greece

question: What date was the Olympic torch lit?

answer: March 24

text: March 24

question: What is the name of the stadium in Greece were the torch was taken to?

answer: Panathinaiko Stadium

text: Panathinaiko Stadium

question: What date did the Olympic torch arrive at its destination in China?

answer: March 31.

text: March 31.

question: What mountain was the torch taken up?

answer: Mount Everest

text: Mount Everest


text: By March 2011, the market share of OS X in North America had increased to slightly over 14%. Whether the size of the Mac's market share and installed base is relevant, and to whom, is a hotly debated issue. Industry pundits have often called attention to the Mac's relatively small market share to predict Apple's impending doom, particularly in the early and mid-1990s when the company's future seemed bleakest. Others argue that market share is the wrong way to judge the Mac's success. Apple has positioned the Mac as a higher-end personal computer, and so it may be misleading to compare it to a budget PC. Because the overall market for personal computers has grown rapidly, the Mac's increasing sales numbers are effectively swamped by the industry's expanding sales volume as a whole. Apple's small market share, then, gives the impression that fewer people are using Macs than did ten years ago, when exactly the opposite is true. Soaring sales of the iPhone and iPad mean that the portion of Apple's profits represented by the Macintosh has declined in 2010, dropping to 24% from 46% two years earlier. Others try to de-emphasize market share, citing that it is rarely brought up in other industries. Regardless of the Mac's market share, Apple has remained profitable since Steve Jobs' return and the company's subsequent reorganization. Notably, a report published in the first quarter of 2008 found that Apple had a 14% market share in the personal computer market in the US, including 66% of all computers over $1,000. Market research indicates that Apple draws its customer base from a higher-income demographic than the mainstream personal computer market.

title: Macintosh

title: Macintosh

text: By

text: March

text: the

text: market

text: share

text: of

text: OS

text: X

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: had

text: increased

text: to

text: slightly

text: over

text: Whether

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: Mac

text: 's

text: market

text: share

text: and

text: installed

text: base

text: is

text: relevant

text: and

text: to

text: whom

text: is

text: a

text: hotly

text: debated

text: issue

text: Industry

text: pundits

text: have

text: often

text: called

text: attention

text: to

text: the

text: Mac

text: 's

text: relatively

text: small

text: market

text: share

text: to

text: predict

text: Apple

text: 's

text: impending

text: doom

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: and

text: when

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: future

text: seemed

text: bleakest

text: Others

text: argue

text: that

text: market

text: share

text: is

text: the

text: wrong

text: way

text: to

text: judge

text: the

text: Mac

text: 's

text: success

text: Apple

text: has

text: positioned

text: the

text: Mac

text: as

text: a

text: higher

text: end

text: personal

text: computer

text: and

text: so

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: misleading

text: to

text: compare

text: it

text: to

text: a

text: budget

text: PC

text: Because

text: the

text: overall

text: market

text: for

text: personal

text: computers

text: has

text: grown

text: rapidly

text: the

text: Mac

text: 's

text: increasing

text: sales

text: numbers

text: are

text: effectively

text: swamped

text: by

text: the

text: industry

text: 's

text: expanding

text: sales

text: volume

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: Apple

text: 's

text: small

text: market

text: share

text: then

text: gives

text: the

text: impression

text: that

text: fewer

text: people

text: are

text: using

text: Macs

text: than

text: did

text: ten

text: years

text: ago

text: when

text: exactly

text: the

text: opposite

text: is

text: true

text: Soaring

text: sales

text: of

text: the

text: iPhone

text: and

text: iPad

text: mean

text: that

text: the

text: portion

text: of

text: Apple

text: 's

text: profits

text: represented

text: by

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: has

text: declined

text: in

text: dropping

text: to

text: from

text: two

text: years

text: earlier

text: Others

text: try

text: to

text: de

text: emphasize

text: market

text: share

text: citing

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: rarely

text: brought

text: up

text: in

text: other

text: industries

text: Regardless

text: of

text: the

text: Mac

text: 's

text: market

text: share

text: Apple

text: has

text: remained

text: profitable

text: since

text: Steve

text: Jobs

text: return

text: and

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: subsequent

text: reorganization

text: Notably

text: a

text: report

text: published

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: quarter

text: of

text: found

text: that

text: Apple

text: had

text: a

text: market

text: share

text: in

text: the

text: personal

text: computer

text: market

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: including

text: of

text: all

text: computers

text: over

text: Market

text: research

text: indicates

text: that

text: Apple

text: draws

text: its

text: customer

text: base

text: from

text: a

text: higher

text: income

text: demographic

text: than

text: the

text: mainstream

text: personal

text: computer

text: market

question: What was the market share of OS X in North America by March 2011?

answer: slightly over 14%

text: slightly over 14%

question: Being positioned as a higher end PC, what is it misleading to compare the Mac to?

answer: a budget PC

text: a budget PC

question: Apple has remained profitable since what time?

answer: Steve Jobs' return

text: Steve Jobs' return

question: According to market research, who does Apple draw it's customer base from?

answer: a higher-income demographic

text: a higher-income demographic

question: Whose return to Apple resulted in the company's reorganization?

answer: Steve Jobs

text: Steve Jobs


text: All government officers of the United States, including the President, the Justices of the Supreme Court, state judges and legislators, and all members of Congress, pledge first and foremost to uphold the Constitution. These oaths affirm that the rule of law is superior to the rule of any human leader. At the same time, the federal government has considerable discretion: the legislative branch is free to decide what statutes it will write, as long as it stays within its enumerated powers and respects the constitutionally protected rights of individuals. Likewise, the judicial branch has a degree of judicial discretion, and the executive branch also has various discretionary powers including prosecutorial discretion.

title: Rule_of_law

title: Rule_of_law

text: All

text: government

text: officers

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: including

text: the

text: President

text: the

text: Justices

text: of

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: state

text: judges

text: and

text: legislators

text: and

text: all

text: members

text: of

text: Congress

text: pledge

text: first

text: and

text: foremost

text: to

text: uphold

text: the

text: Constitution

text: These

text: oaths

text: affirm

text: that

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: is

text: superior

text: to

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: any

text: human

text: leader

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: has

text: considerable

text: discretion

text: the

text: legislative

text: branch

text: is

text: free

text: to

text: decide

text: what

text: statutes

text: it

text: will

text: write

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: it

text: stays

text: within

text: its

text: enumerated

text: powers

text: and

text: respects

text: the

text: constitutionally

text: protected

text: rights

text: of

text: individuals

text: Likewise

text: the

text: judicial

text: branch

text: has

text: a

text: degree

text: of

text: judicial

text: discretion

text: and

text: the

text: executive

text: branch

text: also

text: has

text: various

text: discretionary

text: powers

text: including

text: prosecutorial

text: discretion

question: According to the Constitution, what is superior to the rules of man?

answer: rule of law

text: rule of law

question: What does the President and Supreme Court Justices vow to stand by?

answer: the Constitution

text: the Constitution

question: What do the President and Supreme Court justices vow to uphold?

answer: the Constitution

text: the Constitution

question: According to the Constitution, to what is the rule of law superior?

answer: the rule of any human leader

text: the rule of any human leader

question: What branch of the government has prosecutorial discretion?

answer: executive branch

text: executive branch

question: What branch of government can determine what acts it writes?

answer: legislative branch

text: legislative branch

question: Which branch of government has judicial discretion?

answer: judicial branch

text: judicial branch


text: This meant that nearly one-third of the U.S. lending mechanism was frozen and continued to be frozen into June 2009. According to the Brookings Institution, the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close this gap as of June 2009: "It would take a number of years of strong profits to generate sufficient capital to support that additional lending volume". The authors also indicate that some forms of securitization are "likely to vanish forever, having been an artifact of excessively loose credit conditions". While traditional banks have raised their lending standards, it was the collapse of the shadow banking system that is the primary cause of the reduction in funds available for borrowing.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: This

text: meant

text: that

text: nearly

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: lending

text: mechanism

text: was

text: frozen

text: and

text: continued

text: to

text: be

text: frozen

text: into

text: June

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Brookings

text: Institution

text: the

text: traditional

text: banking

text: system

text: does

text: not

text: have

text: the

text: capital

text: to

text: close

text: this

text: gap

text: as

text: of

text: June

text: It

text: would

text: take

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: years

text: of

text: strong

text: profits

text: to

text: generate

text: sufficient

text: capital

text: to

text: support

text: that

text: additional

text: lending

text: volume

text: The

text: authors

text: also

text: indicate

text: that

text: some

text: forms

text: of

text: securitization

text: are

text: likely

text: to

text: vanish

text: forever

text: having

text: been

text: an

text: artifact

text: of

text: excessively

text: loose

text: credit

text: conditions

text: While

text: traditional

text: banks

text: have

text: raised

text: their

text: lending

text: standards

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: shadow

text: banking

text: system

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: cause

text: of

text: the

text: reduction

text: in

text: funds

text: available

text: for

text: borrowing

question: How much of the U.S. lending mechanism was frozen until June 2009?

answer: nearly one-third

text: nearly one-third

question: What is the primary cause of the reduction in funds available for borrowing?

answer: the collapse of the shadow banking system

text: the collapse of the shadow banking system

question: What institution reported that the traditional banking systems does not have the capital to close the gap in the lending mechanism?

answer: Brookings Institution

text: Brookings Institution

question: What is likely to vanish forever, as a result of excessively loose credit conditions?

answer: some forms of securitization

text: some forms of securitization

question: As of June 2009, the Brookings Institution reports that traditional banking system does not have enough of what to close the lending gap?

answer: capital

text: capital


text: Monotheists hold that there is only one god, and may claim that the one true god is worshiped in different religions under different names. The view that all theists actually worship the same god, whether they know it or not, is especially emphasized in Hinduism and Sikhism. In Christianity, the doctrine of the Trinity describes God as one God in three persons. The Trinity comprises God the Father, God the Son (Jesus), and God the Holy Spirit. Islam's most fundamental concept is tawhid (meaning "oneness" or "uniqueness"). God is described in the Quran as: "Say: He is Allah, the One and Only; Allah, the Eternal, Absolute; He begetteth not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him." Muslims repudiate the Christian doctrine of the Trinity and divinity of Jesus, comparing it to polytheism. In Islam, God is beyond all comprehension or equal and does not resemble any of his creations in any way. Thus, Muslims are not iconodules, and are not expected to visualize God.

title: God

title: God

text: Monotheists

text: hold

text: that

text: there

text: is

text: only

text: one

text: god

text: and

text: may

text: claim

text: that

text: the

text: one

text: true

text: god

text: is

text: worshiped

text: in

text: different

text: religions

text: under

text: different

text: names

text: The

text: view

text: that

text: all

text: theists

text: actually

text: worship

text: the

text: same

text: god

text: whether

text: they

text: know

text: it

text: or

text: not

text: is

text: especially

text: emphasized

text: in

text: Hinduism

text: and

text: Sikhism

text: In

text: Christianity

text: the

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Trinity

text: describes

text: God

text: as

text: one

text: God

text: in

text: three

text: persons

text: The

text: Trinity

text: comprises

text: God

text: the

text: Father

text: God

text: the

text: Son

text: Jesus

text: and

text: God

text: the

text: Holy

text: Spirit

text: Islam

text: 's

text: most

text: fundamental

text: concept

text: is

text: tawhid

text: meaning

text: oneness

text: or

text: uniqueness

text: God

text: is

text: described

text: in

text: the

text: Quran

text: as

text: Say

text: He

text: is

text: Allah

text: the

text: One

text: and

text: Only

text: Allah

text: the

text: Eternal

text: Absolute

text: He

text: begetteth

text: not

text: nor

text: is

text: He

text: begotten

text: And

text: there

text: is

text: like

text: unto

text: Him

text: Muslims

text: repudiate

text: the

text: Christian

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Trinity

text: and

text: divinity

text: of

text: Jesus

text: comparing

text: it

text: to

text: polytheism

text: In

text: Islam

text: God

text: is

text: beyond

text: all

text: comprehension

text: or

text: equal

text: and

text: does

text: not

text: resemble

text: any

text: of

text: his

text: creations

text: in

text: any

text: way

text: Thus

text: Muslims

text: are

text: not

text: iconodules

text: and

text: are

text: not

text: expected

text: to

text: visualize

text: God

question: What do Muslims believe that Trinitism too closely resembles?

answer: polytheism

text: polytheism

question: Which belief is expected to never try and visualize God?

answer: iconodules

text: iconodules

question: What is the most basic belief of the Muslim religion?

answer: tawhid

text: tawhid

question: What religious text helps reinforce to Muslims that Christianity is more like polytheism?

answer: Quran

text: Quran

question: What is the meaning behind the Muslim concept of tawhid?

answer: "oneness" or "uniqueness"

text: "oneness" or "uniqueness"

question: What religion believes that all theist worship the same god?

answer: Hinduism and Sikhism

text: Hinduism and Sikhism

question: What is the trinity in Christianity?

answer: one God in three persons

text: one God in three persons

question: What do monotheists believe?

answer: one god

text: one god

question: What do Muslims think of Christianity?

answer: comparing it to polytheism

text: comparing it to polytheism


text: Mean speeds vary greatly, but is typically around 1 m (3 ft) per day. There may be no motion in stagnant areas; for example, in parts of Alaska, trees can establish themselves on surface sediment deposits. In other cases, glaciers can move as fast as 20–30 m (70–100 ft) per day, such as in Greenland's Jakobshavn Isbræ (Greenlandic: Sermeq Kujalleq). Velocity increases with increasing slope, increasing thickness, increasing snowfall, increasing longitudinal confinement, increasing basal temperature, increasing meltwater production and reduced bed hardness.

title: Glacier

title: Glacier

text: Mean

text: speeds

text: vary

text: greatly

text: but

text: is

text: typically

text: around

text: m

text: ft

text: per

text: day

text: There

text: may

text: be

text: no

text: motion

text: in

text: stagnant

text: areas

text: for

text: example

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: Alaska

text: trees

text: can

text: establish

text: themselves

text: on

text: surface

text: sediment

text: deposits

text: In

text: other

text: cases

text: glaciers

text: can

text: move

text: as

text: fast

text: as

text: m

text: ft

text: per

text: day

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: Greenland

text: 's

text: Jakobshavn

text: Isbræ

text: Greenlandic

text: Sermeq

text: Kujalleq

text: Velocity

text: increases

text: with

text: increasing

text: slope

text: increasing

text: thickness

text: increasing

text: snowfall

text: increasing

text: longitudinal

text: confinement

text: increasing

text: basal

text: temperature

text: increasing

text: meltwater

text: production

text: and

text: reduced

text: bed

text: hardness

question: In what area of Greenland can glaciers move 20-30m per day?

answer: Jakobshavn Isbræ

text: Jakobshavn Isbræ

question: Increasing slope, thickness, snowfall, longitudinal confinement, basal temperature, and meltwater production result in increased what?

answer: Velocity

text: Velocity

question: How far do glaciers generally move per day?

answer: 1 m (3 ft)

text: 1 m (3 ft)

question: Why are some glaciers stagnant in Alaska?

answer: trees can establish themselves on surface sediment deposits

text: trees can establish themselves on surface sediment deposits


text: Dell's manufacturing process covers assembly, software installation, functional testing (including "burn-in"), and quality control. Throughout most of the company's history, Dell manufactured desktop machines in-house and contracted out manufacturing of base notebooks for configuration in-house. The company's approach has changed, as cited in the 2006 Annual Report, which states, "We are continuing to expand our use of original design manufacturing partnerships and manufacturing outsourcing relationships." The Wall Street Journal reported in September 2008 that "Dell has approached contract computer manufacturers with offers to sell" their plants. By the late 2000s, Dell's "configure to order" approach of manufacturing—delivering individual PCs configured to customer specifications from its US facilities was no longer as efficient or competitive with high-volume Asian contract manufacturers as PCs became powerful low-cost commodities.

title: Dell

title: Dell

text: Dell

text: 's

text: manufacturing

text: process

text: covers

text: assembly

text: software

text: installation

text: functional

text: testing

text: including

text: burn

text: in

text: and

text: quality

text: control

text: Throughout

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: history

text: Dell

text: manufactured

text: desktop

text: machines

text: in

text: house

text: and

text: contracted

text: out

text: manufacturing

text: of

text: base

text: notebooks

text: for

text: configuration

text: in

text: house

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: approach

text: has

text: changed

text: as

text: cited

text: in

text: the

text: Annual

text: Report

text: which

text: states

text: We

text: are

text: continuing

text: to

text: expand

text: our

text: use

text: of

text: original

text: design

text: manufacturing

text: partnerships

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: outsourcing

text: relationships

text: The

text: Wall

text: Street

text: Journal

text: reported

text: in

text: September

text: that

text: Dell

text: has

text: approached

text: contract

text: computer

text: manufacturers

text: with

text: offers

text: to

text: sell

text: their

text: plants

text: By

text: the

text: late

text: Dell

text: 's

text: configure

text: to

text: order

text: approach

text: of

text: manufacturing

text: delivering

text: individual

text: PCs

text: configured

text: to

text: customer

text: specifications

text: from

text: its

text: US

text: facilities

text: was

text: no

text: longer

text: as

text: efficient

text: or

text: competitive

text: with

text: high

text: volume

text: Asian

text: contract

text: manufacturers

text: as

text: PCs

text: became

text: powerful

text: low

text: cost

text: commodities

question: Which of Dell's processes handles PC assembly, testing, and quality control?

answer: manufacturing

text: manufacturing

question: Where did Dell configure their notebooks?

answer: in-house

text: in-house

question: When did Dell describe their changing approach to manufacturing?

answer: 2006

question: Who reported that Dell was offering to sell their manufacturing plants?

answer: The Wall Street Journal

text: The Wall Street Journal

question: What manufacturers was Dell losing to efficiency-wise?

answer: Asian

text: Asian