text: The governing bodies in each country operate league systems in a domestic season, normally comprising several divisions, in which the teams gain points throughout the season depending on results. Teams are placed into tables, placing them in order according to points accrued. Most commonly, each team plays every other team in its league at home and away in each season, in a round-robin tournament. At the end of a season, the top team is declared the champion. The top few teams may be promoted to a higher division, and one or more of the teams finishing at the bottom are relegated to a lower division.

title: Association_football

title: Association_football

text: The

text: governing

text: bodies

text: in

text: each

text: country

text: operate

text: league

text: systems

text: in

text: a

text: domestic

text: season

text: normally

text: comprising

text: several

text: divisions

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: teams

text: gain

text: points

text: throughout

text: the

text: season

text: depending

text: on

text: results

text: Teams

text: are

text: placed

text: into

text: tables

text: placing

text: them

text: in

text: order

text: according

text: to

text: points

text: accrued

text: Most

text: commonly

text: each

text: team

text: plays

text: every

text: other

text: team

text: in

text: its

text: league

text: at

text: home

text: and

text: away

text: in

text: each

text: season

text: in

text: a

text: round

text: robin

text: tournament

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: a

text: season

text: the

text: top

text: team

text: is

text: declared

text: the

text: champion

text: The

text: top

text: few

text: teams

text: may

text: be

text: promoted

text: to

text: a

text: higher

text: division

text: and

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: the

text: teams

text: finishing

text: at

text: the

text: bottom

text: are

text: relegated

text: to

text: a

text: lower

text: division

question: What do teams gain for doing well throughout the season?

answer: points

text: points

question: What is the name for the type of tournament teams play in regular season?

answer: round-robin

text: round-robin

question: What could happen to the top few teams at the end of the season?

answer: promoted to a higher division

text: promoted to a higher division

question: Who operate league systems?

answer: governing bodies

text: governing bodies

question: What happens to the teams at the bottom of the ranks at the end of the season?

answer: relegated to a lower division

text: relegated to a lower division


text: High-power LEDs (HP-LEDs) or high-output LEDs (HO-LEDs) can be driven at currents from hundreds of mA to more than an ampere, compared with the tens of mA for other LEDs. Some can emit over a thousand lumens. LED power densities up to 300 W/cm2 have been achieved. Since overheating is destructive, the HP-LEDs must be mounted on a heat sink to allow for heat dissipation. If the heat from a HP-LED is not removed, the device will fail in seconds. One HP-LED can often replace an incandescent bulb in a flashlight, or be set in an array to form a powerful LED lamp.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: High

text: power

text: LEDs

text: HP

text: LEDs

text: or

text: high

text: output

text: LEDs

text: HO

text: LEDs

text: can

text: be

text: driven

text: at

text: currents

text: from

text: hundreds

text: of

text: mA

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: an

text: ampere

text: compared

text: with

text: the

text: tens

text: of

text: mA

text: for

text: other

text: LEDs

text: Some

text: can

text: emit

text: over

text: a

text: thousand

text: lumens

text: LED

text: power

text: densities

text: up

text: to

text: W

text: have

text: been

text: achieved

text: Since

text: overheating

text: is

text: destructive

text: the

text: HP

text: LEDs

text: must

text: be

text: mounted

text: on

text: a

text: heat

text: sink

text: to

text: allow

text: for

text: heat

text: dissipation

text: If

text: the

text: heat

text: from

text: a

text: HP

text: LED

text: is

text: not

text: removed

text: the

text: device

text: will

text: fail

text: in

text: seconds

text: One

text: HP

text: LED

text: can

text: often

text: replace

text: an

text: incandescent

text: bulb

text: in

text: a

text: flashlight

text: or

text: be

text: set

text: in

text: an

text: array

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: powerful

text: LED

text: lamp

question: How many lumens can some high-power LEDs emit?

answer: over a thousand

text: over a thousand

question: Up to how many densities have been achieved with LED power?

answer: 300 W/cm2

text: 300 W/cm2

question: Why must High-power LEDs be mounted on a heat sink?

answer: to allow for heat dissipation

text: to allow for heat dissipation

question: What will happen if the heat from a high-power LED is not removed?

answer: the device will fail in seconds

text: the device will fail in seconds

question: What can one high-power LED replace?

answer: incandescent bulb in a flashlight

text: incandescent bulb in a flashlight


text: In 361, after the death of Emperor Constantius, shortly followed by the murder of the very unpopular Bishop George, Athanasius returned to his patriarchate. The following year he convened a council at Alexandria, and presided over it with Eusebius of Vercelli. Athanasius appealed for unity among all those who had faith in Christianity, even if they differed on matters of terminology. This prepared the groundwork for his definition of the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity. However, the council also was directed against those who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the human soul of Christ, and Christ's divinity. Mild measures were agreed on for those heretic bishops who repented, but severe penance was decreed for the chief leaders of the major heresies.

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

text: In

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Emperor

text: Constantius

text: shortly

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: murder

text: of

text: the

text: very

text: unpopular

text: Bishop

text: George

text: Athanasius

text: returned

text: to

text: his

text: patriarchate

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: he

text: convened

text: a

text: council

text: at

text: Alexandria

text: and

text: presided

text: over

text: it

text: with

text: Eusebius

text: of

text: Vercelli

text: Athanasius

text: appealed

text: for

text: unity

text: among

text: all

text: those

text: who

text: had

text: faith

text: in

text: Christianity

text: even

text: if

text: they

text: differed

text: on

text: matters

text: of

text: terminology

text: This

text: prepared

text: the

text: groundwork

text: for

text: his

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: orthodox

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Trinity

text: However

text: the

text: council

text: also

text: was

text: directed

text: against

text: those

text: who

text: denied

text: the

text: divinity

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Spirit

text: the

text: human

text: soul

text: of

text: Christ

text: and

text: Christ

text: 's

text: divinity

text: Mild

text: measures

text: were

text: agreed

text: on

text: for

text: those

text: heretic

text: bishops

text: who

text: repented

text: but

text: severe

text: penance

text: was

text: decreed

text: for

text: the

text: chief

text: leaders

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: heresies

question: What happened to Bishop George?

answer: murder

text: murder

question: What happened to Bishop leaders who did not agree with the doctrine?

answer: severe penance

text: severe penance

question: When did Athanasius return to his position as Patriarch?

answer: after the death of Emperor Constantius

text: after the death of Emperor Constantius

question: Who joined him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians?

answer: Eusebius of Vercelli

text: Eusebius of Vercelli


text: Information had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers and scientists to tap into the clunky database. When the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley.

title: Wayback_Machine

title: Wayback_Machine

text: Information

text: had

text: been

text: kept

text: on

text: digital

text: tape

text: for

text: five

text: years

text: with

text: Kahle

text: occasionally

text: allowing

text: researchers

text: and

text: scientists

text: to

text: tap

text: into

text: the

text: clunky

text: database

text: When

text: the

text: archive

text: reached

text: its

text: fifth

text: anniversary

text: it

text: was

text: unveiled

text: and

text: opened

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: in

text: a

text: ceremony

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: California

text: Berkeley

question: What medium was originally used to keep Internet Archive's data?

answer: digital tape

text: digital tape

question: Who were sometimes permitted to use the Archive's database?

answer: researchers and scientists

text: researchers and scientists

question: At what milestone was the archive made public?

answer: fifth anniversary

text: fifth anniversary

question: Where was the event launching the publicly-available archive held?

answer: University of California, Berkeley

text: University of California, Berkeley


text: Only one 5.1 surround sound option exists on a given LaserDisc (either Dolby Digital or DTS), so if surround sound is desired, the disc must be matched to the capabilities of the playback equipment (LD Player and Receiver/Decoder) by the purchaser. A fully capable LaserDisc playback system includes a newer LaserDisc player that is capable of playing digital tracks, has a digital optical output for digital PCM and DTS audio, is aware of AC-3 audio tracks, and has an AC-3 coaxial output; an external or internal AC-3 RF demodulator and AC-3 decoder; and a DTS decoder. Many 1990s A/V receivers combine the AC-3 decoder and DTS decoder logic, but an integrated AC-3 demodulator is rare both in LaserDisc players and in later A/V receivers.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: Only

text: one

text: surround

text: sound

text: option

text: exists

text: on

text: a

text: given

text: LaserDisc

text: either

text: Dolby

text: Digital

text: or

text: DTS

text: so

text: if

text: surround

text: sound

text: is

text: desired

text: the

text: disc

text: must

text: be

text: matched

text: to

text: the

text: capabilities

text: of

text: the

text: playback

text: equipment

text: LD

text: Player

text: and

text: Receiver

text: Decoder

text: by

text: the

text: purchaser

text: A

text: fully

text: capable

text: LaserDisc

text: playback

text: system

text: includes

text: a

text: newer

text: LaserDisc

text: player

text: that

text: is

text: capable

text: of

text: playing

text: digital

text: tracks

text: has

text: a

text: digital

text: optical

text: output

text: for

text: digital

text: PCM

text: and

text: DTS

text: audio

text: is

text: aware

text: of

text: audio

text: tracks

text: and

text: has

text: an

text: coaxial

text: output

text: an

text: external

text: or

text: internal

text: RF

text: demodulator

text: and

text: decoder

text: and

text: a

text: DTS

text: decoder

text: Many

text: A

text: V

text: receivers

text: combine

text: the

text: decoder

text: and

text: DTS

text: decoder

text: logic

text: but

text: an

text: integrated

text: demodulator

text: is

text: rare

text: both

text: in

text: LaserDisc

text: players

text: and

text: in

text: later

text: A

text: V

text: receivers

question: Are integrated AC-3 demodulators common in LaserDisc players or a rare find?

answer: rare

text: rare

question: How many 5.1 surround sound options exist in LaserDiscs?

answer: Only one

text: Only one

question: What type of decoder logic is common in 1990s A/V receivers?

answer: DTS

text: DTS


text: After the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite in 1957, Eisenhower authorized the establishment of NASA, which led to the space race. During the Suez Crisis of 1956, Eisenhower condemned the Israeli, British and French invasion of Egypt, and forced them to withdraw. He also condemned the Soviet invasion during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 but took no action. In 1958, Eisenhower sent 15,000 U.S. troops to Lebanon to prevent the pro-Western government from falling to a Nasser-inspired revolution. Near the end of his term, his efforts to set up a summit meeting with the Soviets collapsed because of the U-2 incident. In his January 17, 1961 farewell address to the nation, Eisenhower expressed his concerns about the dangers of massive military spending, particularly deficit spending and government contracts to private military manufacturers, and coined the term "military–industrial complex".

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: After

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: launched

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: artificial

text: satellite

text: in

text: Eisenhower

text: authorized

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: NASA

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: space

text: race

text: During

text: the

text: Suez

text: Crisis

text: of

text: Eisenhower

text: condemned

text: the

text: Israeli

text: British

text: and

text: French

text: invasion

text: of

text: Egypt

text: and

text: forced

text: them

text: to

text: withdraw

text: He

text: also

text: condemned

text: the

text: Soviet

text: invasion

text: during

text: the

text: Hungarian

text: Revolution

text: of

text: but

text: took

text: no

text: action

text: In

text: Eisenhower

text: sent

text: U.S.

text: troops

text: to

text: Lebanon

text: to

text: prevent

text: the

text: pro

text: Western

text: government

text: from

text: falling

text: to

text: a

text: Nasser

text: inspired

text: revolution

text: Near

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: term

text: his

text: efforts

text: to

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: summit

text: meeting

text: with

text: the

text: Soviets

text: collapsed

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: incident

text: In

text: his

text: January

text: farewell

text: address

text: to

text: the

text: nation

text: Eisenhower

text: expressed

text: his

text: concerns

text: about

text: the

text: dangers

text: of

text: massive

text: military

text: spending

text: particularly

text: deficit

text: spending

text: and

text: government

text: contracts

text: to

text: private

text: military

text: manufacturers

text: and

text: coined

text: the

text: term

text: military

text: industrial

text: complex

question: Along with Israel, what countries' armies invaded Egypt in 1956?

answer: British and French

text: British and French

question: In what year did the Soviets launch humanity's first artificial satellite?

answer: 1957

question: What organization did Eisenhower support after the Soviets launched the first artificial satellite?

answer: NASA

text: NASA

question: On what date did Eisenhower deliver his presidential farewell address?

answer: January 17, 1961

text: January 17, 1961

question: Where did Eisenhower send 15,000 military personnel in 1958?

answer: Lebanon

text: Lebanon


text: In ancient times, the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts. Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt. The Hellenistic period is characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization that established Greek cities and kingdoms in Asia and Africa. Under the Roman Empire, easier movement of people spread Greeks across the Empire and in the eastern territories, Greek became the lingua franca rather than Latin. The modern-day Griko community of southern Italy, numbering about 60,000, may represent a living remnant of the ancient Greek populations of Italy.

title: Greeks

title: Greeks

text: In

text: ancient

text: times

text: the

text: trading

text: and

text: colonizing

text: activities

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: tribes

text: and

text: city

text: states

text: spread

text: the

text: Greek

text: culture

text: religion

text: and

text: language

text: around

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: and

text: Black

text: Sea

text: basins

text: especially

text: in

text: Sicily

text: and

text: southern

text: Italy

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Magna

text: Grecia

text: Spain

text: the

text: south

text: of

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: sea

text: coasts

text: Under

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: 's

text: empire

text: and

text: successor

text: states

text: Greek

text: and

text: Hellenizing

text: ruling

text: classes

text: were

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: India

text: and

text: in

text: Egypt

text: The

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: a

text: new

text: wave

text: of

text: Greek

text: colonization

text: that

text: established

text: Greek

text: cities

text: and

text: kingdoms

text: in

text: Asia

text: and

text: Africa

text: Under

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: easier

text: movement

text: of

text: people

text: spread

text: Greeks

text: across

text: the

text: Empire

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: territories

text: Greek

text: became

text: the

text: lingua

text: franca

text: rather

text: than

text: Latin

text: The

text: modern

text: day

text: Griko

text: community

text: of

text: southern

text: Italy

text: numbering

text: about

text: may

text: represent

text: a

text: living

text: remnant

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: populations

text: of

text: Italy

question: What helped to advance the Greek way of life beyond its boarders ?

answer: the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language

text: the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language

question: What other close by countries have been greatly influenced by the Greek way of life ?

answer: Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts.

text: Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts.

question: How were the rulers of social class picked to be representatives in the now traditionally Arabic speaking part of the world and in Northern Africa ?

answer: Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt.

text: Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt.

question: What period marked the expansion of Greek thinking and expression ?

answer: The Hellenistic period

text: The Hellenistic period


text: Sporadic epigraphic evidence in grave site excavations, particularly in Brigetio (Szőny), Aquincum (Óbuda), Intercisa (Dunaújváros), Triccinae (Sárvár), Savaria (Szombathely), Sopianae (Pécs), and Osijek in Croatia, attest to the presence of Jews after the 2nd and 3rd centuries where Roman garrisons were established, There was a sufficient number of Jews in Pannonia to form communities and build a synagogue. Jewish troops were among the Syrian soldiers transferred there, and replenished from the Middle East, after 175 C.E. Jews and especially Syrians came from Antioch, Tarsus and Cappadocia. Others came from Italy and the Hellenized parts of the Roman empire. The excavations suggest they first lived in isolated enclaves attached to Roman legion camps, and intermarried among other similar oriental families within the military orders of the region.Raphael Patai states that later Roman writers remarked that they differed little in either customs, manner of writing, or names from the people among whom they dwelt; and it was especially difficult to differentiate Jews from the Syrians. After Pannonia was ceded to the Huns in 433, the garrison populations were withdrawn to Italy, and only a few, enigmatic traces remain of a possible Jewish presence in the area some centuries later.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: Sporadic

text: epigraphic

text: evidence

text: in

text: grave

text: site

text: excavations

text: particularly

text: in

text: Brigetio

text: Szőny

text: Aquincum

text: Óbuda

text: Intercisa

text: Dunaújváros

text: Triccinae

text: Sárvár

text: Savaria

text: Szombathely

text: Sopianae

text: Pécs

text: and

text: Osijek

text: in

text: Croatia

text: attest

text: to

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: Jews

text: after

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: where

text: Roman

text: garrisons

text: were

text: established

text: There

text: was

text: a

text: sufficient

text: number

text: of

text: Jews

text: in

text: Pannonia

text: to

text: form

text: communities

text: and

text: build

text: a

text: synagogue

text: Jewish

text: troops

text: were

text: among

text: the

text: Syrian

text: soldiers

text: transferred

text: there

text: and

text: replenished

text: from

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: after

text: C.E.

text: Jews

text: and

text: especially

text: Syrians

text: came

text: from

text: Antioch

text: Tarsus

text: and

text: Cappadocia

text: Others

text: came

text: from

text: Italy

text: and

text: the

text: Hellenized

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: empire

text: The

text: excavations

text: suggest

text: they

text: first

text: lived

text: in

text: isolated

text: enclaves

text: attached

text: to

text: Roman

text: legion

text: camps

text: and

text: intermarried

text: among

text: other

text: similar

text: oriental

text: families

text: within

text: the

text: military

text: orders

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: Raphael

text: Patai

text: states

text: that

text: later

text: Roman

text: writers

text: remarked

text: that

text: they

text: differed

text: little

text: in

text: either

text: customs

text: manner

text: of

text: writing

text: or

text: names

text: from

text: the

text: people

text: among

text: whom

text: they

text: dwelt

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: especially

text: difficult

text: to

text: differentiate

text: Jews

text: from

text: the

text: Syrians

text: After

text: Pannonia

text: was

text: ceded

text: to

text: the

text: Huns

text: in

text: the

text: garrison

text: populations

text: were

text: withdrawn

text: to

text: Italy

text: and

text: only

text: a

text: few

text: enigmatic

text: traces

text: remain

text: of

text: a

text: possible

text: Jewish

text: presence

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: some

text: centuries

text: later

question: Grave site excavations near where Roman garrisons were established attest to the presence of Jews after what centuries?

answer: the 2nd and 3rd centuries

text: the 2nd and 3rd centuries

question: The large number of Jews in Pannonia formed communities and built what?

answer: a synagogue

text: a synagogue

question: In what year were the Roman garrison populations withdrawn to Italy?

answer: 433


text: The Alma-Ata Protocol also addressed other issues, including UN membership. Notably, Russia was authorized to assume the Soviet Union's UN membership, including its permanent seat on the Security Council. The Soviet Ambassador to the UN delivered a letter signed by Russian President Yeltsin to the UN Secretary-General dated December 24, 1991, informing him that by virtue of the Alma-Ata Protocol, Russia was the successor state to the USSR. After being circulated among the other UN member states, with no objection raised, the statement was declared accepted on the last day of the year, December 31, 1991.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: The

text: Alma

text: Ata

text: Protocol

text: also

text: addressed

text: other

text: issues

text: including

text: UN

text: membership

text: Notably

text: Russia

text: was

text: authorized

text: to

text: assume

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: 's

text: UN

text: membership

text: including

text: its

text: permanent

text: seat

text: on

text: the

text: Security

text: Council

text: The

text: Soviet

text: Ambassador

text: to

text: the

text: UN

text: delivered

text: a

text: letter

text: signed

text: by

text: Russian

text: President

text: Yeltsin

text: to

text: the

text: UN

text: Secretary

text: General

text: dated

text: December

text: informing

text: him

text: that

text: by

text: virtue

text: of

text: the

text: Alma

text: Ata

text: Protocol

text: Russia

text: was

text: the

text: successor

text: state

text: to

text: the

text: USSR

text: After

text: being

text: circulated

text: among

text: the

text: other

text: UN

text: member

text: states

text: with

text: no

text: objection

text: raised

text: the

text: statement

text: was

text: declared

text: accepted

text: on

text: the

text: last

text: day

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: December

question: Which country took over the Soviet Union's UN membership?

answer: Russia

text: Russia

question: What made Russia the successor state to the USSR?

answer: Alma-Ata Protocol

text: Alma-Ata Protocol

question: Who wrote the letter to the UN secretary general informing them that Russia would be replacing the USSR?

answer: Yeltsin

text: Yeltsin

question: What was the date on the Yeltsin letter?

answer: December 24, 1991

text: December 24, 1991

question: When did the UN accept the statement?

answer: December 31, 1991

text: December 31, 1991


text: Serious American students of theology and divinity, particularly in New England, regarded Hebrew as a classical language, along with Greek and Latin, and essential for study of the Old Testament in the original words. The Reverend Ezra Stiles, president of the College from 1778 to 1795, brought with him his interest in the Hebrew language as a vehicle for studying ancient Biblical texts in their original language (as was common in other schools), requiring all freshmen to study Hebrew (in contrast to Harvard, where only upperclassmen were required to study the language) and is responsible for the Hebrew phrase אורים ותמים (Urim and Thummim) on the Yale seal. Stiles' greatest challenge occurred in July 1779 when hostile British forces occupied New Haven and threatened to raze the College. However, Yale graduate Edmund Fanning, Secretary to the British General in command of the occupation, interceded and the College was saved. Fanning later was granted an honorary degree LL.D., at 1803, for his efforts.

title: Yale_University

title: Yale_University

text: Serious

text: American

text: students

text: of

text: theology

text: and

text: divinity

text: particularly

text: in

text: New

text: England

text: regarded

text: Hebrew

text: as

text: a

text: classical

text: language

text: along

text: with

text: Greek

text: and

text: Latin

text: and

text: essential

text: for

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: Old

text: Testament

text: in

text: the

text: original

text: words

text: The

text: Reverend

text: Ezra

text: Stiles

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: from

text: to

text: brought

text: with

text: him

text: his

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: Hebrew

text: language

text: as

text: a

text: vehicle

text: for

text: studying

text: ancient

text: Biblical

text: texts

text: in

text: their

text: original

text: language

text: as

text: was

text: common

text: in

text: other

text: schools

text: requiring

text: all

text: freshmen

text: to

text: study

text: Hebrew

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: Harvard

text: where

text: only

text: upperclassmen

text: were

text: required

text: to

text: study

text: the

text: language

text: and

text: is

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: Hebrew

text: phrase

text: אורים

text: ותמים

text: Urim

text: and

text: Thummim

text: on

text: the

text: Yale

text: seal

text: Stiles

text: greatest

text: challenge

text: occurred

text: in

text: July

text: when

text: hostile

text: British

text: forces

text: occupied

text: New

text: Haven

text: and

text: threatened

text: to

text: raze

text: the

text: College

text: However

text: Yale

text: graduate

text: Edmund

text: Fanning

text: Secretary

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: General

text: in

text: command

text: of

text: the

text: occupation

text: interceded

text: and

text: the

text: College

text: was

text: saved

text: Fanning

text: later

text: was

text: granted

text: an

text: honorary

text: degree

text: LL.D.

text: at

text: for

text: his

text: efforts

question: When was Ezra Stiles president of Yale?

answer: 1778 to 1795

text: 1778 to 1795

question: What course did Ezra Stiles require freshmen to take?

answer: Hebrew

text: Hebrew

question: When did the British threaten to take over the college?

answer: July 1779

text: July 1779

question: Who saved Yale from the British raid?

answer: Edmund Fanning

text: Edmund Fanning

question: What degree was Edmund Fanning given for his services?

answer: an honorary degree LL.D

text: an honorary degree LL.D


text: In 1989, CBS Records re-entered the music publishing business by acquiring Nashville music publisher Tree International Publishing for more than $30 million.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: In

text: CBS

text: Records

text: re

text: entered

text: the

text: music

text: publishing

text: business

text: by

text: acquiring

text: Nashville

text: music

text: publisher

text: Tree

text: International

text: Publishing

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: million

question: In what year did CBS Records buy out Tree International Publishing?

answer: 1989

question: How much did CBS Records pay for Tree International Publishing?

answer: $30 million

text: $30 million

question: In what city was Tree International Publishing located?

answer: Nashville

text: Nashville


text: Houston was incorporated in 1837 under the ward system of representation. The ward designation is the progenitor of the eleven current-day geographically oriented Houston City Council districts. Locations in Houston are generally classified as either being inside or outside the Interstate 610 Loop. The inside encompasses the central business district and many residential neighborhoods that predate World War II. More recently, high-density residential areas have been developed within the loop. The city's outlying areas, suburbs and enclaves are located outside of the loop. Beltway 8 encircles the city another 5 miles (8.0 km) farther out.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: Houston

text: was

text: incorporated

text: in

text: under

text: the

text: ward

text: system

text: of

text: representation

text: The

text: ward

text: designation

text: is

text: the

text: progenitor

text: of

text: the

text: eleven

text: current

text: day

text: geographically

text: oriented

text: Houston

text: City

text: Council

text: districts

text: Locations

text: in

text: Houston

text: are

text: generally

text: classified

text: as

text: either

text: being

text: inside

text: or

text: outside

text: the

text: Interstate

text: Loop

text: The

text: inside

text: encompasses

text: the

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: and

text: many

text: residential

text: neighborhoods

text: that

text: predate

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: More

text: recently

text: high

text: density

text: residential

text: areas

text: have

text: been

text: developed

text: within

text: the

text: loop

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: outlying

text: areas

text: suburbs

text: and

text: enclaves

text: are

text: located

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: loop

text: Beltway

text: encircles

text: the

text: city

text: another

text: miles

text: km

text: farther

text: out

question: What system of incorporation was used in 1837 by Houston?

answer: ward system

text: ward system

question: What is the present day system being used by Houston for representation?

answer: Houston City Council districts

text: Houston City Council districts

question: What highway is used to designate locations in Houston?

answer: Interstate 610 Loop

text: Interstate 610 Loop

question: Beside older pre-World War II residences, what is found inside the Loop?

answer: central business district

text: central business district

question: What highway circles the outer areas of Houston?

answer: Beltway 8

text: Beltway 8


text: There are several major exceptions on tuition fees. In many European countries, it is possible to study without tuition fees. Public universities in Nordic countries were entirely without tuition fees until around 2005. Denmark, Sweden and Finland then moved to put in place tuition fees for foreign students. Citizens of EU and EEA member states and citizens from Switzerland remain exempted from tuition fees, and the amounts of public grants granted to promising foreign students were increased to offset some of the impact.

title: University

title: University

text: There

text: are

text: several

text: major

text: exceptions

text: on

text: tuition

text: fees

text: In

text: many

text: European

text: countries

text: it

text: is

text: possible

text: to

text: study

text: without

text: tuition

text: fees

text: Public

text: universities

text: in

text: Nordic

text: countries

text: were

text: entirely

text: without

text: tuition

text: fees

text: until

text: around

text: Denmark

text: Sweden

text: and

text: Finland

text: then

text: moved

text: to

text: put

text: in

text: place

text: tuition

text: fees

text: for

text: foreign

text: students

text: Citizens

text: of

text: EU

text: and

text: EEA

text: member

text: states

text: and

text: citizens

text: from

text: Switzerland

text: remain

text: exempted

text: from

text: tuition

text: fees

text: and

text: the

text: amounts

text: of

text: public

text: grants

text: granted

text: to

text: promising

text: foreign

text: students

text: were

text: increased

text: to

text: offset

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: impact

question: In multiple countries in Europe students can attend a university with what kind if financial burden?

answer: without tuition fees

text: without tuition fees

question: Until what year were public universities in nordic nation free of tuition?

answer: around 2005

text: around 2005

question: What kind of students pay fees in public universities in Denmark?

answer: foreign students

text: foreign students

question: In terms of Universities in Denmark what is the fee status for citizens of EFA states?

answer: exempted from tuition fees

text: exempted from tuition fees

question: What happened to public grants in nordic universities that continued to allow foreign students?

answer: increased

text: increased


text: There has been some concern over the potential adverse environmental and ecosystem effects caused by the influx of visitors. Some environmentalists and scientists have made a call for stricter regulations for ships and a tourism quota. The primary response by Antarctic Treaty Parties has been to develop, through their Committee for Environmental Protection and in partnership with IAATO, "site use guidelines" setting landing limits and closed or restricted zones on the more frequently visited sites. Antarctic sightseeing flights (which did not land) operated out of Australia and New Zealand until the fatal crash of Air New Zealand Flight 901 in 1979 on Mount Erebus, which killed all 257 aboard. Qantas resumed commercial overflights to Antarctica from Australia in the mid-1990s.

title: Antarctica

title: Antarctica

text: There

text: has

text: been

text: some

text: concern

text: over

text: the

text: potential

text: adverse

text: environmental

text: and

text: ecosystem

text: effects

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: influx

text: of

text: visitors

text: Some

text: environmentalists

text: and

text: scientists

text: have

text: made

text: a

text: call

text: for

text: stricter

text: regulations

text: for

text: ships

text: and

text: a

text: tourism

text: quota

text: The

text: primary

text: response

text: by

text: Antarctic

text: Treaty

text: Parties

text: has

text: been

text: to

text: develop

text: through

text: their

text: Committee

text: for

text: Environmental

text: Protection

text: and

text: in

text: partnership

text: with

text: IAATO

text: site

text: use

text: guidelines

text: setting

text: landing

text: limits

text: and

text: closed

text: or

text: restricted

text: zones

text: on

text: the

text: more

text: frequently

text: visited

text: sites

text: Antarctic

text: sightseeing

text: flights

text: which

text: did

text: not

text: land

text: operated

text: out

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: until

text: the

text: fatal

text: crash

text: of

text: Air

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Flight

text: in

text: on

text: Mount

text: Erebus

text: which

text: killed

text: all

text: aboard

text: Qantas

text: resumed

text: commercial

text: overflights

text: to

text: Antarctica

text: from

text: Australia

text: in

text: the

question: The entry of whom has caused some worry about the welfare of Antarctica?

answer: visitors

text: visitors

question: What do environmentalists want enacted?

answer: stricter regulations

text: stricter regulations

question: What kind of tourist limit has been asked for by environmentalists?

answer: tourism quota

text: tourism quota

question: What have the authorities produced in response to these requests?

answer: site use guidelines

text: site use guidelines

question: When did an Air New Zealand crash on Mount Erebus?

answer: 1979


text: The New York City Public Schools system, managed by the New York City Department of Education, is the largest public school system in the United States, serving about 1.1 million students in more than 1,700 separate primary and secondary schools. The city's public school system includes nine specialized high schools to serve academically and artistically gifted students.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Public

text: Schools

text: system

text: managed

text: by

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Department

text: of

text: Education

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: public

text: school

text: system

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: serving

text: about

text: million

text: students

text: in

text: more

text: than

text: separate

text: primary

text: and

text: secondary

text: schools

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: public

text: school

text: system

text: includes

text: nine

text: specialized

text: high

text: schools

text: to

text: serve

text: academically

text: and

text: artistically

text: gifted

text: students

question: What city department runs the public school system?

answer: New York City Department of Education

text: New York City Department of Education

question: How many students are in New York City public schools?

answer: 1.1 million

text: 1.1 million

question: About how many public schools are there in New York City?

answer: 1,700

question: How many high schools for gifted students does New York City have?

answer: nine

text: nine

question: How many students regularly attend schools in NYC?

answer: 1.1 million

text: 1.1 million

question: How many highschools are specialized in NYC?

answer: nine

text: nine


text: Tajikistan's rivers, such as the Vakhsh and the Panj, have great hydropower potential, and the government has focused on attracting investment for projects for internal use and electricity exports. Tajikistan is home to the Nurek Dam, the highest dam in the world. Lately, Russia's RAO UES energy giant has been working on the Sangtuda-1 hydroelectric power station (670 MW capacity) commenced operations on 18 January 2008. Other projects at the development stage include Sangtuda-2 by Iran, Zerafshan by the Chinese company SinoHydro, and the Rogun power plant that, at a projected height of 335 metres (1,099 ft), would supersede the Nurek Dam as highest in the world if it is brought to completion. A planned project, CASA 1000, will transmit 1000 MW of surplus electricity from Tajikistan to Pakistan with power transit through Afghanistan. The total length of transmission line is 750 km while the project is planned to be on Public-Private Partnership basis with the support of WB, IFC, ADB and IDB. The project cost is estimated to be around US$865 million. Other energy resources include sizable coal deposits and smaller reserves of natural gas and petroleum.

title: Tajikistan

title: Tajikistan

text: Tajikistan

text: 's

text: rivers

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Vakhsh

text: and

text: the

text: Panj

text: have

text: great

text: hydropower

text: potential

text: and

text: the

text: government

text: has

text: focused

text: on

text: attracting

text: investment

text: for

text: projects

text: for

text: internal

text: use

text: and

text: electricity

text: exports

text: Tajikistan

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Nurek

text: Dam

text: the

text: highest

text: dam

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Lately

text: Russia

text: 's

text: RAO

text: UES

text: energy

text: giant

text: has

text: been

text: working

text: on

text: the

text: hydroelectric

text: power

text: station

text: MW

text: capacity

text: commenced

text: operations

text: on

text: January

text: Other

text: projects

text: at

text: the

text: development

text: stage

text: include

text: by

text: Iran

text: Zerafshan

text: by

text: the

text: Chinese

text: company

text: SinoHydro

text: and

text: the

text: Rogun

text: power

text: plant

text: that

text: at

text: a

text: projected

text: height

text: of

text: metres

text: ft

text: would

text: supersede

text: the

text: Nurek

text: Dam

text: as

text: highest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: brought

text: to

text: completion

text: A

text: planned

text: project

text: CASA

text: will

text: transmit

text: MW

text: of

text: surplus

text: electricity

text: from

text: Tajikistan

text: to

text: Pakistan

text: with

text: power

text: transit

text: through

text: Afghanistan

text: The

text: total

text: length

text: of

text: transmission

text: line

text: is

text: km

text: while

text: the

text: project

text: is

text: planned

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: Public

text: Private

text: Partnership

text: basis

text: with

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: WB

text: IFC

text: ADB

text: and

text: IDB

text: The

text: project

text: cost

text: is

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: around

text: US$

text: million

text: Other

text: energy

text: resources

text: include

text: sizable

text: coal

text: deposits

text: and

text: smaller

text: reserves

text: of

text: natural

text: gas

text: and

text: petroleum

question: Who is trying to attract investments for hydropower in Tajikistan?

answer: the government

text: the government

question: What is something that the rivers in Tajikistan are good for?

answer: hydropower potential

text: hydropower potential

question: What is the highest dam in the world?

answer: Nurek Dam

text: Nurek Dam

question: What will the project named CASA 1000 do?

answer: CASA 1000, will transmit 1000 MW of surplus electricity from Tajikistan to Pakistan with power transit through Afghanistan

text: CASA 1000, will transmit 1000 MW of surplus electricity from Tajikistan to Pakistan with power transit through Afghanistan


text: However a log-periodic dipole array consists of a number of dipole elements of different lengths in order to obtain a somewhat directional antenna having an extremely wide bandwidth: these are frequently used for television reception in fringe areas. The dipole antennas composing it are all considered "active elements" since they are all electrically connected together (and to the transmission line). On the other hand, a superficially similar dipole array, the Yagi-Uda Antenna (or simply "Yagi"), has only one dipole element with an electrical connection; the other so-called parasitic elements interact with the electromagnetic field in order to realize a fairly directional antenna but one which is limited to a rather narrow bandwidth. The Yagi antenna has similar looking parasitic dipole elements but which act differently due to their somewhat different lengths. There may be a number of so-called "directors" in front of the active element in the direction of propagation, and usually a single (but possibly more) "reflector" on the opposite side of the active element.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: However

text: a

text: log

text: periodic

text: dipole

text: array

text: consists

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: dipole

text: elements

text: of

text: different

text: lengths

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: obtain

text: a

text: somewhat

text: directional

text: antenna

text: having

text: an

text: extremely

text: wide

text: bandwidth

text: these

text: are

text: frequently

text: used

text: for

text: television

text: reception

text: in

text: fringe

text: areas

text: The

text: dipole

text: antennas

text: composing

text: it

text: are

text: all

text: considered

text: active

text: elements

text: since

text: they

text: are

text: all

text: electrically

text: connected

text: together

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: transmission

text: line

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: a

text: superficially

text: similar

text: dipole

text: array

text: the

text: Yagi

text: Uda

text: Antenna

text: or

text: simply

text: Yagi

text: has

text: only

text: one

text: dipole

text: element

text: with

text: an

text: electrical

text: connection

text: the

text: other

text: so

text: called

text: parasitic

text: elements

text: interact

text: with

text: the

text: electromagnetic

text: field

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: realize

text: a

text: fairly

text: directional

text: antenna

text: but

text: one

text: which

text: is

text: limited

text: to

text: a

text: rather

text: narrow

text: bandwidth

text: The

text: Yagi

text: antenna

text: has

text: similar

text: looking

text: parasitic

text: dipole

text: elements

text: but

text: which

text: act

text: differently

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: somewhat

text: different

text: lengths

text: There

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: so

text: called

text: directors

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: active

text: element

text: in

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: propagation

text: and

text: usually

text: a

text: single

text: but

text: possibly

text: more

text: reflector

text: on

text: the

text: opposite

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: active

text: element

question: What type of antenna formation is made up of multiple dipole elements of varying lengths?

answer: log-periodic dipole array

text: log-periodic dipole array

question: What is the benefit of this formation type?

answer: extremely wide bandwidth

text: extremely wide bandwidth

question: What is a variation of this antenna type?

answer: Yagi-Uda Antenna

text: Yagi-Uda Antenna

question: What is the main application of these set ups?

answer: television reception

text: television reception


text: On 1 March 1951 Mao sent a cable to Stalin, in which he emphasized the difficulties faced by Chinese forces and the urgent need for air cover, especially over supply lines. Apparently impressed by the Chinese war effort, Stalin finally agreed to supply two air force divisions, three anti-aircraft divisions, and six thousand trucks. PVA troops in Korea continued to suffer severe logistical problems throughout the war. In late April Peng Dehuai sent his deputy, Hong Xuezhi, to brief Zhou Enlai in Beijing. What Chinese soldiers feared, Hong said, was not the enemy, but that they had nothing to eat, no bullets to shoot, and no trucks to transport them to the rear when they were wounded. Zhou attempted to respond to the PVA's logistical concerns by increasing Chinese production and improving methods of supply, but these efforts were never completely sufficient. At the same time, large-scale air defense training programs were carried out, and the Chinese Air Force began to participate in the war from September 1951 onward.

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: On

text: March

text: Mao

text: sent

text: a

text: cable

text: to

text: Stalin

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: emphasized

text: the

text: difficulties

text: faced

text: by

text: Chinese

text: forces

text: and

text: the

text: urgent

text: need

text: for

text: air

text: cover

text: especially

text: over

text: supply

text: lines

text: Apparently

text: impressed

text: by

text: the

text: Chinese

text: war

text: effort

text: Stalin

text: finally

text: agreed

text: to

text: supply

text: two

text: air

text: force

text: divisions

text: three

text: anti

text: aircraft

text: divisions

text: and

text: six

text: thousand

text: trucks

text: PVA

text: troops

text: in

text: Korea

text: continued

text: to

text: suffer

text: severe

text: logistical

text: problems

text: throughout

text: the

text: war

text: In

text: late

text: April

text: Peng

text: Dehuai

text: sent

text: his

text: deputy

text: Hong

text: Xuezhi

text: to

text: brief

text: Zhou

text: Enlai

text: in

text: Beijing

text: What

text: Chinese

text: soldiers

text: feared

text: Hong

text: said

text: was

text: not

text: the

text: enemy

text: but

text: that

text: they

text: had

text: nothing

text: to

text: eat

text: no

text: bullets

text: to

text: shoot

text: and

text: no

text: trucks

text: to

text: transport

text: them

text: to

text: the

text: rear

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: wounded

text: Zhou

text: attempted

text: to

text: respond

text: to

text: the

text: PVA

text: 's

text: logistical

text: concerns

text: by

text: increasing

text: Chinese

text: production

text: and

text: improving

text: methods

text: of

text: supply

text: but

text: these

text: efforts

text: were

text: never

text: completely

text: sufficient

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: large

text: scale

text: air

text: defense

text: training

text: programs

text: were

text: carried

text: out

text: and

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Air

text: Force

text: began

text: to

text: participate

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: from

text: September

text: onward

question: Why did Stalin send two air forces divisions and other assistance to the Chinese?

answer: the Chinese war effort

text: the Chinese war effort

question: What issues plagued the PVA throughout the war?

answer: logistical problems

text: logistical problems

question: What was a great concern of many Chinese troops?

answer: they had nothing to eat

text: they had nothing to eat

question: What was Zhou's ineffective response to the issue plaguing the PVA?

answer: increasing Chinese production and improving methods of supply

text: increasing Chinese production and improving methods of supply

question: What did China introduce to the war in 1951?

answer: the Chinese Air Force

text: the Chinese Air Force


text: Einstein showed in his thought experiments that people travelling at different speeds, while agreeing on cause and effect, measure different time separations between events, and can even observe different chronological orderings between non-causally related events. Though these effects are typically minute in the human experience, the effect becomes much more pronounced for objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light. Many subatomic particles exist for only a fixed fraction of a second in a lab relatively at rest, but some that travel close to the speed of light can be measured to travel farther and survive much longer than expected (a muon is one example). According to the special theory of relativity, in the high-speed particle's frame of reference, it exists, on the average, for a standard amount of time known as its mean lifetime, and the distance it travels in that time is zero, because its velocity is zero. Relative to a frame of reference at rest, time seems to "slow down" for the particle. Relative to the high-speed particle, distances seem to shorten. Einstein showed how both temporal and spatial dimensions can be altered (or "warped") by high-speed motion.

title: Time

title: Time

text: Einstein

text: showed

text: in

text: his

text: thought

text: experiments

text: that

text: people

text: travelling

text: at

text: different

text: speeds

text: while

text: agreeing

text: on

text: cause

text: and

text: effect

text: measure

text: different

text: time

text: separations

text: between

text: events

text: and

text: can

text: even

text: observe

text: different

text: chronological

text: orderings

text: between

text: non

text: causally

text: related

text: events

text: Though

text: these

text: effects

text: are

text: typically

text: minute

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: experience

text: the

text: effect

text: becomes

text: much

text: more

text: pronounced

text: for

text: objects

text: moving

text: at

text: speeds

text: approaching

text: the

text: speed

text: of

text: light

text: Many

text: subatomic

text: particles

text: exist

text: for

text: only

text: a

text: fixed

text: fraction

text: of

text: a

text: second

text: in

text: a

text: lab

text: relatively

text: at

text: rest

text: but

text: some

text: that

text: travel

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: speed

text: of

text: light

text: can

text: be

text: measured

text: to

text: travel

text: farther

text: and

text: survive

text: much

text: longer

text: than

text: expected

text: a

text: muon

text: is

text: one

text: example

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: special

text: theory

text: of

text: relativity

text: in

text: the

text: high

text: speed

text: particle

text: 's

text: frame

text: of

text: reference

text: it

text: exists

text: on

text: the

text: average

text: for

text: a

text: standard

text: amount

text: of

text: time

text: known

text: as

text: its

text: mean

text: lifetime

text: and

text: the

text: distance

text: it

text: travels

text: in

text: that

text: time

text: is

text: zero

text: because

text: its

text: velocity

text: is

text: zero

text: Relative

text: to

text: a

text: frame

text: of

text: reference

text: at

text: rest

text: time

text: seems

text: to

text: slow

text: down

text: for

text: the

text: particle

text: Relative

text: to

text: the

text: high

text: speed

text: particle

text: distances

text: seem

text: to

text: shorten

text: Einstein

text: showed

text: how

text: both

text: temporal

text: and

text: spatial

text: dimensions

text: can

text: be

text: altered

text: or

text: warped

text: by

text: high

text: speed

text: motion

question: Who showed, in his thought experiments, that people travelling at different speeds measured time differently?

answer: Einstein

text: Einstein

question: In what case do these effects become much more noticeable?

answer: for objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light.

text: for objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light.

question: How long do most subatomic particles exist for in a lab?

answer: a fixed fraction of a second

text: a fixed fraction of a second

question: Einstein showed how what could be altered by high speed motion?

answer: both temporal and spatial dimensions

text: both temporal and spatial dimensions


text: The use of the term for the Iranian language family was introduced in 1836 by Christian Lassen. Robert Needham Cust used the term Irano-Aryan in 1878, and Orientalists such as George Abraham Grierson and Max Müller contrasted Irano-Aryan (Iranian) and Indo-Aryan (Indic). Some recent scholarship, primarily in German, has revived this convention.

title: Iranian_languages

title: Iranian_languages

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: for

text: the

text: Iranian

text: language

text: family

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: by

text: Christian

text: Lassen

text: Robert

text: Needham

text: Cust

text: used

text: the

text: term

text: Irano

text: Aryan

text: in

text: and

text: Orientalists

text: such

text: as

text: George

text: Abraham

text: Grierson

text: and

text: Max

text: Müller

text: contrasted

text: Irano

text: Aryan

text: Iranian

text: and

text: Indo

text: Aryan

text: Indic

text: Some

text: recent

text: scholarship

text: primarily

text: in

text: German

text: has

text: revived

text: this

text: convention

question: When was the phrase Iranian language family first used?

answer: 1836

question: Who first used the term Iranian language?

answer: Christian Lassen

text: Christian Lassen

question: Who first used the term Irano-Aryan?

answer: Robert Needham Cust

text: Robert Needham Cust

question: When was the phrase Irano-Aryan first used?

answer: 1878


text: Most browsers support HTTP Secure and offer quick and easy ways to delete the web cache, download history, form and search history, cookies, and browsing history. For a comparison of the current security vulnerabilities of browsers, see comparison of web browsers.

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: Most

text: browsers

text: support

text: HTTP

text: Secure

text: and

text: offer

text: quick

text: and

text: easy

text: ways

text: to

text: delete

text: the

text: web

text: cache

text: download

text: history

text: form

text: and

text: search

text: history

text: cookies

text: and

text: browsing

text: history

text: For

text: a

text: comparison

text: of

text: the

text: current

text: security

text: vulnerabilities

text: of

text: browsers

text: see

text: comparison

text: of

text: web

text: browsers

question: HTTP Secure is supported by what?

answer: Most browsers

text: Most browsers

question: Cache, download history, cookies, browsing and what else can be quickly deleted in browsers?

answer: form and search history

text: form and search history

question: A comparison of browser must be seen to know what?

answer: current security vulnerabilities

text: current security vulnerabilities


text: Once Pan had the audacity to compare his music with that of Apollo, and to challenge Apollo, the god of the kithara, to a trial of skill. Tmolus, the mountain-god, was chosen to umpire. Pan blew on his pipes, and with his rustic melody gave great satisfaction to himself and his faithful follower, Midas, who happened to be present. Then Apollo struck the strings of his lyre. Tmolus at once awarded the victory to Apollo, and all but Midas agreed with the judgment. He dissented and questioned the justice of the award. Apollo would not suffer such a depraved pair of ears any longer, and caused them to become the ears of a donkey.

title: Apollo

title: Apollo

text: Once

text: Pan

text: had

text: the

text: audacity

text: to

text: compare

text: his

text: music

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: Apollo

text: and

text: to

text: challenge

text: Apollo

text: the

text: god

text: of

text: the

text: kithara

text: to

text: a

text: trial

text: of

text: skill

text: Tmolus

text: the

text: mountain

text: god

text: was

text: chosen

text: to

text: umpire

text: Pan

text: blew

text: on

text: his

text: pipes

text: and

text: with

text: his

text: rustic

text: melody

text: gave

text: great

text: satisfaction

text: to

text: himself

text: and

text: his

text: faithful

text: follower

text: Midas

text: who

text: happened

text: to

text: be

text: present

text: Then

text: Apollo

text: struck

text: the

text: strings

text: of

text: his

text: lyre

text: Tmolus

text: at

text: once

text: awarded

text: the

text: victory

text: to

text: Apollo

text: and

text: all

text: but

text: Midas

text: agreed

text: with

text: the

text: judgment

text: He

text: dissented

text: and

text: questioned

text: the

text: justice

text: of

text: the

text: award

text: Apollo

text: would

text: not

text: suffer

text: such

text: a

text: depraved

text: pair

text: of

text: ears

text: any

text: longer

text: and

text: caused

text: them

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: ears

text: of

text: a

text: donkey

question: Who challenged Apollo to a trial of skill?

answer: Pan

text: Pan

question: Who was a faithful follower of Pan?

answer: Midas

text: Midas

question: Who was the mountain-god?

answer: Tmolus

text: Tmolus

question: Who was chosen as umpire of the trial of skill?

answer: Tmolus

text: Tmolus


text: When people define and talk about a particular conception of race, they create a social reality through which social categorization is achieved. In this sense, races are said to be social constructs. These constructs develop within various legal, economic, and sociopolitical contexts, and may be the effect, rather than the cause, of major social situations. While race is understood to be a social construct by many, most scholars agree that race has real material effects in the lives of people through institutionalized practices of preference and discrimination.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: When

text: people

text: define

text: and

text: talk

text: about

text: a

text: particular

text: conception

text: of

text: race

text: they

text: create

text: a

text: social

text: reality

text: through

text: which

text: social

text: categorization

text: is

text: achieved

text: In

text: this

text: sense

text: races

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: social

text: constructs

text: These

text: constructs

text: develop

text: within

text: various

text: legal

text: economic

text: and

text: sociopolitical

text: contexts

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: effect

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: major

text: social

text: situations

text: While

text: race

text: is

text: understood

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: social

text: construct

text: by

text: many

text: most

text: scholars

text: agree

text: that

text: race

text: has

text: real

text: material

text: effects

text: in

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: people

text: through

text: institutionalized

text: practices

text: of

text: preference

text: and

text: discrimination

question: How do people create a social reality in which social categorization is achieved?

answer: define and talk about a particular conception of race

text: define and talk about a particular conception of race

question: What can be said to be a social construct?

answer: races

text: races

question: What contexts do racial social constructs develop within?

answer: legal, economic, and sociopolitical

text: legal, economic, and sociopolitical

question: Constructs may be the result rather than the inciter of what?

answer: major social situations

text: major social situations

question: What effect does race have in the lives of people?

answer: real material

text: real material


text: In January 2010, Hong Kong-based English newspaper The Standard reported that writer Tan Zuoren attempted to document shoddy construction that may have led to massive casualties in schools, was sentenced to in prison ostensibly for his writing an article in 2007 in support of the pro-democracy movement in 1989.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: In

text: January

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: based

text: English

text: newspaper

text: The

text: Standard

text: reported

text: that

text: writer

text: Tan

text: Zuoren

text: attempted

text: to

text: document

text: shoddy

text: construction

text: that

text: may

text: have

text: led

text: to

text: massive

text: casualties

text: in

text: schools

text: was

text: sentenced

text: to

text: in

text: prison

text: ostensibly

text: for

text: his

text: writing

text: an

text: article

text: in

text: in

text: support

text: of

text: the

text: pro

text: democracy

text: movement

text: in

question: When did the sentencing occur?

answer: in 2007

text: in 2007

question: When was the article published about the case?

answer: January 2010

text: January 2010

question: What did he think that the poor construction led to?

answer: massive casualties

text: massive casualties


text: Critics of the Aeneid focus on a variety of issues. The tone of the poem as a whole is a particular matter of debate; some see the poem as ultimately pessimistic and politically subversive to the Augustan regime, while others view it as a celebration of the new imperial dynasty. Virgil makes use of the symbolism of the Augustan regime, and some scholars see strong associations between Augustus and Aeneas, the one as founder and the other as re-founder of Rome. A strong teleology, or drive towards a climax, has been detected in the poem. The Aeneid is full of prophecies about the future of Rome, the deeds of Augustus, his ancestors, and famous Romans, and the Carthaginian Wars; the shield of Aeneas even depicts Augustus' victory at Actium against Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII in 31 BC. A further focus of study is the character of Aeneas. As the protagonist of the poem, Aeneas seems to waver constantly between his emotions and commitment to his prophetic duty to found Rome; critics note the breakdown of Aeneas' emotional control in the last sections of the poem where the "pious" and "righteous" Aeneas mercilessly slaughters Turnus.

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: Critics

text: of

text: the

text: Aeneid

text: focus

text: on

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: issues

text: The

text: tone

text: of

text: the

text: poem

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: is

text: a

text: particular

text: matter

text: of

text: debate

text: some

text: see

text: the

text: poem

text: as

text: ultimately

text: pessimistic

text: and

text: politically

text: subversive

text: to

text: the

text: Augustan

text: regime

text: while

text: others

text: view

text: it

text: as

text: a

text: celebration

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: imperial

text: dynasty

text: Virgil

text: makes

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: symbolism

text: of

text: the

text: Augustan

text: regime

text: and

text: some

text: scholars

text: see

text: strong

text: associations

text: between

text: Augustus

text: and

text: Aeneas

text: the

text: one

text: as

text: founder

text: and

text: the

text: other

text: as

text: re

text: founder

text: of

text: Rome

text: A

text: strong

text: teleology

text: or

text: drive

text: towards

text: a

text: climax

text: has

text: been

text: detected

text: in

text: the

text: poem

text: The

text: Aeneid

text: is

text: full

text: of

text: prophecies

text: about

text: the

text: future

text: of

text: Rome

text: the

text: deeds

text: of

text: Augustus

text: his

text: ancestors

text: and

text: famous

text: Romans

text: and

text: the

text: Carthaginian

text: Wars

text: the

text: shield

text: of

text: Aeneas

text: even

text: depicts

text: Augustus

text: victory

text: at

text: Actium

text: against

text: Mark

text: Antony

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: VII

text: in

text: BC

text: A

text: further

text: focus

text: of

text: study

text: is

text: the

text: character

text: of

text: Aeneas

text: As

text: the

text: protagonist

text: of

text: the

text: poem

text: Aeneas

text: seems

text: to

text: waver

text: constantly

text: between

text: his

text: emotions

text: and

text: commitment

text: to

text: his

text: prophetic

text: duty

text: to

text: found

text: Rome

text: critics

text: note

text: the

text: breakdown

text: of

text: Aeneas

text: emotional

text: control

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: sections

text: of

text: the

text: poem

text: where

text: the

text: pious

text: and

text: righteous

text: Aeneas

text: mercilessly

text: slaughters

text: Turnus

question: When did Augustus' victory at Actium against Mark Antony and Ceopatra VII occur?

answer: 31 BC

text: 31 BC

question: Who is the protagonist of the Aeneid?

answer: Aeneas

text: Aeneas

question: Who is mercilessly slaughtered by Aeneas?

answer: Turnus

text: Turnus

question: Who is the founder of Rome which some scholars see strong associations with Aeneas?

answer: Augustus

text: Augustus


text: In agriculture, the increased usage of sheep with long-fibred wool allowed a stronger thread to be spun. In addition, the spinning wheel replaced the traditional distaff for spinning wool, tripling production.[AI] A less technological refinement that still greatly affected daily life was the use of buttons as closures for garments, which allowed for better fitting without having to lace clothing on the wearer. Windmills were refined with the creation of the tower mill, allowing the upper part of the windmill to be spun around to face the direction from which the wind was blowing. The blast furnace appeared around 1350 in Sweden, increasing the quantity of iron produced and improving its quality. The first patent law in 1447 in Venice protected the rights of inventors to their inventions.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: In

text: agriculture

text: the

text: increased

text: usage

text: of

text: sheep

text: with

text: long

text: fibred

text: wool

text: allowed

text: a

text: stronger

text: thread

text: to

text: be

text: spun

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: spinning

text: wheel

text: replaced

text: the

text: traditional

text: distaff

text: for

text: spinning

text: wool

text: tripling

text: production.[AI

text: A

text: less

text: technological

text: refinement

text: that

text: still

text: greatly

text: affected

text: daily

text: life

text: was

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: buttons

text: as

text: closures

text: for

text: garments

text: which

text: allowed

text: for

text: better

text: fitting

text: without

text: having

text: to

text: lace

text: clothing

text: on

text: the

text: wearer

text: Windmills

text: were

text: refined

text: with

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: tower

text: mill

text: allowing

text: the

text: upper

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: windmill

text: to

text: be

text: spun

text: around

text: to

text: face

text: the

text: direction

text: from

text: which

text: the

text: wind

text: was

text: blowing

text: The

text: blast

text: furnace

text: appeared

text: around

text: in

text: Sweden

text: increasing

text: the

text: quantity

text: of

text: iron

text: produced

text: and

text: improving

text: its

text: quality

text: The

text: first

text: patent

text: law

text: in

text: in

text: Venice

text: protected

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: inventors

text: to

text: their

text: inventions

question: What was replaced by the spinning wheel?

answer: the traditional distaff

text: the traditional distaff

question: What invention replaced laces on clothing?

answer: buttons

text: buttons

question: What new type of windmill was invented in this period?

answer: the tower mill

text: the tower mill

question: In what country did the blast furnace first appear?

answer: Sweden

text: Sweden

question: Where did patent law originate?

answer: Venice

text: Venice


text: Following Kammu's death in 806 and a succession struggle among his sons, two new offices were established in an effort to adjust the Taika-Taihō administrative structure. Through the new Emperor's Private Office, the emperor could issue administrative edicts more directly and with more self-assurance than before. The new Metropolitan Police Board replaced the largely ceremonial imperial guard units. While these two offices strengthened the emperor's position temporarily, soon they and other Chinese-style structures were bypassed in the developing state. In 838 the end of the imperial-sanctioned missions to Tang China, which had begun in 630, marked the effective end of Chinese influence. Tang China was in a state of decline, and Chinese Buddhists were severely persecuted, undermining Japanese respect for Chinese institutions. Japan began to turn inward.

title: Heian_period

title: Heian_period

text: Following

text: Kammu

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: and

text: a

text: succession

text: struggle

text: among

text: his

text: sons

text: two

text: new

text: offices

text: were

text: established

text: in

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: adjust

text: the

text: Taika

text: Taihō

text: administrative

text: structure

text: Through

text: the

text: new

text: Emperor

text: 's

text: Private

text: Office

text: the

text: emperor

text: could

text: issue

text: administrative

text: edicts

text: more

text: directly

text: and

text: with

text: more

text: self

text: assurance

text: than

text: before

text: The

text: new

text: Metropolitan

text: Police

text: Board

text: replaced

text: the

text: largely

text: ceremonial

text: imperial

text: guard

text: units

text: While

text: these

text: two

text: offices

text: strengthened

text: the

text: emperor

text: 's

text: position

text: temporarily

text: soon

text: they

text: and

text: other

text: Chinese

text: style

text: structures

text: were

text: bypassed

text: in

text: the

text: developing

text: state

text: In

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: imperial

text: sanctioned

text: missions

text: to

text: Tang

text: China

text: which

text: had

text: begun

text: in

text: marked

text: the

text: effective

text: end

text: of

text: Chinese

text: influence

text: Tang

text: China

text: was

text: in

text: a

text: state

text: of

text: decline

text: and

text: Chinese

text: Buddhists

text: were

text: severely

text: persecuted

text: undermining

text: Japanese

text: respect

text: for

text: Chinese

text: institutions

text: Japan

text: began

text: to

text: turn

text: inward

question: In what year did Emperor Kanmu die?

answer: 806

question: What office replaced the imperial guards?

answer: Metropolitan Police Board

text: Metropolitan Police Board

question: What new office allowed government to issue administrative orders faster?

answer: Emperor's Private Office

text: Emperor's Private Office

question: Tang China's influence over Japan ended in what year?

answer: 838


text: Regional social norms are generally antagonistic to hunting, while a few sects, such as the Bishnoi, lay special emphasis on the conservation of particular species, such as the antelope. India's Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 bans the killing of all wild animals. However, the Chief Wildlife Warden may, if satisfied that any wild animal from a specified list has become dangerous to human life, or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, permit any person to hunt such an animal. In this case, the body of any wild animal killed or wounded becomes government property.

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: Regional

text: social

text: norms

text: are

text: generally

text: antagonistic

text: to

text: hunting

text: while

text: a

text: few

text: sects

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Bishnoi

text: lay

text: special

text: emphasis

text: on

text: the

text: conservation

text: of

text: particular

text: species

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: antelope

text: India

text: 's

text: Wildlife

text: Protection

text: Act

text: of

text: bans

text: the

text: killing

text: of

text: all

text: wild

text: animals

text: However

text: the

text: Chief

text: Wildlife

text: Warden

text: may

text: if

text: satisfied

text: that

text: any

text: wild

text: animal

text: from

text: a

text: specified

text: list

text: has

text: become

text: dangerous

text: to

text: human

text: life

text: or

text: is

text: so

text: disabled

text: or

text: diseased

text: as

text: to

text: be

text: beyond

text: recovery

text: permit

text: any

text: person

text: to

text: hunt

text: such

text: an

text: animal

text: In

text: this

text: case

text: the

text: body

text: of

text: any

text: wild

text: animal

text: killed

text: or

text: wounded

text: becomes

text: government

text: property

question: What norms are generally antagonistic to hunting?

answer: Regional social

text: Regional social

question: What sect lays special emphasis on conservation of particular species?

answer: Bishnoi

text: Bishnoi

question: What bans the killing of all wild animals in India?

answer: Wildlife Protection Act of 1972

text: Wildlife Protection Act of 1972

question: Who may permit a person to hunt animals in India despite it being banned?

answer: the Chief Wildlife Warden

text: the Chief Wildlife Warden

question: Whose property does the body of any wild animal killed or wounded become?

answer: government

text: government

question: Who lay special emphasis on conservation of particular species?

answer: Bishnoi

text: Bishnoi

question: What bans the killing of all wild animals?

answer: India's Wildlife Protection Act

text: India's Wildlife Protection Act

question: What year was this protection act put into place?

answer: 1972

question: Who can permit a person to hunt wild animals?

answer: Chief Wildlife Warden

text: Chief Wildlife Warden

question: What happens to the body of the wild animal killed?

answer: becomes government property

text: becomes government property


text: Diane McWhorter, Pulitzer Prize-winning historian of the Birmingham civil rights campaign, asserts that To Kill a Mockingbird condemns racism instead of racists, and states that every child in the South has moments of racial cognitive dissonance when they are faced with the harsh reality of inequality. This feeling causes them to question the beliefs with which they have been raised, which for many children is what the novel does. McWhorter writes of Lee, "for a white person from the South to write a book like this in the late 1950s is really unusual—by its very existence an act of protest."[note 4] Author James McBride calls Lee brilliant but stops short of calling her brave: "I think by calling Harper Lee brave you kind of absolve yourself of your own racism ... She certainly set the standards in terms of how these issues need to be discussed, but in many ways I feel ... the moral bar's been lowered. And that's really distressing. We need a thousand Atticus Finches." McBride, however, defends the book's sentimentality, and the way Lee approaches the story with "honesty and integrity".

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

text: Diane

text: McWhorter

text: Pulitzer

text: Prize

text: winning

text: historian

text: of

text: the

text: Birmingham

text: civil

text: rights

text: campaign

text: asserts

text: that

text: To

text: Kill

text: a

text: Mockingbird

text: condemns

text: racism

text: instead

text: of

text: racists

text: and

text: states

text: that

text: every

text: child

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: has

text: moments

text: of

text: racial

text: cognitive

text: dissonance

text: when

text: they

text: are

text: faced

text: with

text: the

text: harsh

text: reality

text: of

text: inequality

text: This

text: feeling

text: causes

text: them

text: to

text: question

text: the

text: beliefs

text: with

text: which

text: they

text: have

text: been

text: raised

text: which

text: for

text: many

text: children

text: is

text: what

text: the

text: novel

text: does

text: McWhorter

text: writes

text: of

text: Lee

text: for

text: a

text: white

text: person

text: from

text: the

text: South

text: to

text: write

text: a

text: book

text: like

text: this

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: is

text: really

text: unusual

text: by

text: its

text: very

text: existence

text: an

text: act

text: of

text: protest."[note

text: Author

text: James

text: McBride

text: calls

text: Lee

text: brilliant

text: but

text: stops

text: short

text: of

text: calling

text: her

text: brave

text: I

text: think

text: by

text: calling

text: Harper

text: Lee

text: brave

text: you

text: kind

text: of

text: absolve

text: yourself

text: of

text: your

text: own

text: racism

text: She

text: certainly

text: set

text: the

text: standards

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: how

text: these

text: issues

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: discussed

text: but

text: in

text: many

text: ways

text: I

text: feel

text: the

text: moral

text: bar

text: 's

text: been

text: lowered

text: And

text: that

text: 's

text: really

text: distressing

text: We

text: need

text: a

text: thousand

text: Atticus

text: Finches

text: McBride

text: however

text: defends

text: the

text: book

text: 's

text: sentimentality

text: and

text: the

text: way

text: Lee

text: approaches

text: the

text: story

text: with

text: honesty

text: and

text: integrity

question: According to Diane McWhorter, every child in the South had to face what?

answer: the harsh reality of inequality

text: the harsh reality of inequality

question: McWhorter wrote that the existance of the book was what?

answer: an act of protest

text: an act of protest


text: However, memory performance can be enhanced when material is linked to the learning context, even when learning occurs under stress. A separate study by cognitive psychologists Schwabe and Wolf shows that when retention testing is done in a context similar to or congruent with the original learning task (i.e., in the same room), memory impairment and the detrimental effects of stress on learning can be attenuated. Seventy-two healthy female and male university students, randomly assigned to the SECPT stress test or to a control group, were asked to remember the locations of 15 pairs of picture cards – a computerized version of the card game "Concentration" or "Memory". The room in which the experiment took place was infused with the scent of vanilla, as odour is a strong cue for memory. Retention testing took place the following day, either in the same room with the vanilla scent again present, or in a different room without the fragrance. The memory performance of subjects who experienced stress during the object-location task decreased significantly when they were tested in an unfamiliar room without the vanilla scent (an incongruent context); however, the memory performance of stressed subjects showed no impairment when they were tested in the original room with the vanilla scent (a congruent context). All participants in the experiment, both stressed and unstressed, performed faster when the learning and retrieval contexts were similar.

title: Memory

title: Memory

text: However

text: memory

text: performance

text: can

text: be

text: enhanced

text: when

text: material

text: is

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: learning

text: context

text: even

text: when

text: learning

text: occurs

text: under

text: stress

text: A

text: separate

text: study

text: by

text: cognitive

text: psychologists

text: Schwabe

text: and

text: Wolf

text: shows

text: that

text: when

text: retention

text: testing

text: is

text: done

text: in

text: a

text: context

text: similar

text: to

text: or

text: congruent

text: with

text: the

text: original

text: learning

text: task

text: i.e.

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: room

text: memory

text: impairment

text: and

text: the

text: detrimental

text: effects

text: of

text: stress

text: on

text: learning

text: can

text: be

text: attenuated

text: Seventy

text: two

text: healthy

text: female

text: and

text: male

text: university

text: students

text: randomly

text: assigned

text: to

text: the

text: SECPT

text: stress

text: test

text: or

text: to

text: a

text: control

text: group

text: were

text: asked

text: to

text: remember

text: the

text: locations

text: of

text: pairs

text: of

text: picture

text: cards

text: a

text: computerized

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: card

text: game

text: Concentration

text: or

text: Memory

text: The

text: room

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: experiment

text: took

text: place

text: was

text: infused

text: with

text: the

text: scent

text: of

text: vanilla

text: as

text: odour

text: is

text: a

text: strong

text: cue

text: for

text: memory

text: Retention

text: testing

text: took

text: place

text: the

text: following

text: day

text: either

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: room

text: with

text: the

text: vanilla

text: scent

text: again

text: present

text: or

text: in

text: a

text: different

text: room

text: without

text: the

text: fragrance

text: The

text: memory

text: performance

text: of

text: subjects

text: who

text: experienced

text: stress

text: during

text: the

text: object

text: location

text: task

text: decreased

text: significantly

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: tested

text: in

text: an

text: unfamiliar

text: room

text: without

text: the

text: vanilla

text: scent

text: an

text: incongruent

text: context

text: however

text: the

text: memory

text: performance

text: of

text: stressed

text: subjects

text: showed

text: no

text: impairment

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: tested

text: in

text: the

text: original

text: room

text: with

text: the

text: vanilla

text: scent

text: a

text: congruent

text: context

text: All

text: participants

text: in

text: the

text: experiment

text: both

text: stressed

text: and

text: unstressed

text: performed

text: faster

text: when

text: the

text: learning

text: and

text: retrieval

text: contexts

text: were

text: similar

question: What can impact memory performance in a positive way?

answer: when material is linked to the learning context,

text: when material is linked to the learning context,

question: In their study what was the relationship that both groups shared?

answer: both stressed and unstressed, performed faster when the learning and retrieval contexts were similar.

text: both stressed and unstressed, performed faster when the learning and retrieval contexts were similar.

question: What can the scent of vanilla be used for?

answer: strong cue for memory.

text: strong cue for memory.

question: What did a study performed by Schwabe and wolf show?

answer: memory impairment and the detrimental effects of stress on learning can be attenuated.

text: memory impairment and the detrimental effects of stress on learning can be attenuated.

question: In Schwabe and wolfs study what where particpants asked to memorize?

answer: were asked to remember the locations of 15 pairs of picture cards –

text: were asked to remember the locations of 15 pairs of picture cards –


text: The brains of vertebrates are made of very soft tissue. Living brain tissue is pinkish on the outside and mostly white on the inside, with subtle variations in color. Vertebrate brains are surrounded by a system of connective tissue membranes called meninges that separate the skull from the brain. Blood vessels enter the central nervous system through holes in the meningeal layers. The cells in the blood vessel walls are joined tightly to one another, forming the blood–brain barrier, which blocks the passage of many toxins and pathogens (though at the same time blocking antibodies and some drugs, thereby presenting special challenges in treatment of diseases of the brain).

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: The

text: brains

text: of

text: vertebrates

text: are

text: made

text: of

text: very

text: soft

text: tissue

text: Living

text: brain

text: tissue

text: is

text: pinkish

text: on

text: the

text: outside

text: and

text: mostly

text: white

text: on

text: the

text: inside

text: with

text: subtle

text: variations

text: in

text: color

text: Vertebrate

text: brains

text: are

text: surrounded

text: by

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: connective

text: tissue

text: membranes

text: called

text: meninges

text: that

text: separate

text: the

text: skull

text: from

text: the

text: brain

text: Blood

text: vessels

text: enter

text: the

text: central

text: nervous

text: system

text: through

text: holes

text: in

text: the

text: meningeal

text: layers

text: The

text: cells

text: in

text: the

text: blood

text: vessel

text: walls

text: are

text: joined

text: tightly

text: to

text: one

text: another

text: forming

text: the

text: blood

text: brain

text: barrier

text: which

text: blocks

text: the

text: passage

text: of

text: many

text: toxins

text: and

text: pathogens

text: though

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: blocking

text: antibodies

text: and

text: some

text: drugs

text: thereby

text: presenting

text: special

text: challenges

text: in

text: treatment

text: of

text: diseases

text: of

text: the

text: brain

question: Brain tissue that is living is what color on the outside?

answer: pinkish

text: pinkish

question: The color of the brain inside is what?

answer: white

text: white

question: Brains are surrounded by what system of tissues?

answer: meninges

text: meninges

question: Meninges separate what structure from the brain?

answer: the skull

text: the skull

question: The blood-brain barrier is made up of what?

answer: cells in the blood vessel walls

text: cells in the blood vessel walls


text: During the Cold War, American troops and their allies fought Communist forces in Korea and Vietnam. The Korean War began in 1950, when the Soviets walked out of a U.N. Security meeting, removing their possible veto. Under a United Nations umbrella, hundreds of thousands of U.S. troops fought to prevent the takeover of South Korea by North Korea, and later, to invade the northern nation. After repeated advances and retreats by both sides, and the PRC People's Volunteer Army's entry into the war, the Korean Armistice Agreement returned the peninsula to the status quo in 1953.

title: United_States_Army

title: United_States_Army

text: During

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: American

text: troops

text: and

text: their

text: allies

text: fought

text: Communist

text: forces

text: in

text: Korea

text: and

text: Vietnam

text: The

text: Korean

text: War

text: began

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: Soviets

text: walked

text: out

text: of

text: a

text: U.N.

text: Security

text: meeting

text: removing

text: their

text: possible

text: veto

text: Under

text: a

text: United

text: Nations

text: umbrella

text: hundreds

text: of

text: thousands

text: of

text: U.S.

text: troops

text: fought

text: to

text: prevent

text: the

text: takeover

text: of

text: South

text: Korea

text: by

text: North

text: Korea

text: and

text: later

text: to

text: invade

text: the

text: northern

text: nation

text: After

text: repeated

text: advances

text: and

text: retreats

text: by

text: both

text: sides

text: and

text: the

text: PRC

text: People

text: 's

text: Volunteer

text: Army

text: 's

text: entry

text: into

text: the

text: war

text: the

text: Korean

text: Armistice

text: Agreement

text: returned

text: the

text: peninsula

text: to

text: the

text: status

text: quo

text: in

question: What year did the Korean War start?

answer: 1950

question: Who walked out of the U.N. security meeting?

answer: the Soviets

text: the Soviets

question: In what two countries did the American troops fight Communist forces?

answer: Korea and Vietnam

text: Korea and Vietnam

question: In what year did the Korean war end?

answer: 1953


text: Hurricanes pose a severe threat each year during the June 1 to November 30 hurricane season, particularly from August to October. Florida is the most hurricane-prone state, with subtropical or tropical water on a lengthy coastline. Of the category 4 or higher storms that have struck the United States, 83% have either hit Florida or Texas. From 1851 to 2006, Florida was struck by 114 hurricanes, 37 of them major—category 3 and above. It is rare for a hurricane season to pass without any impact in the state by at least a tropical storm.[citation needed]

title: Florida

title: Florida

text: Hurricanes

text: pose

text: a

text: severe

text: threat

text: each

text: year

text: during

text: the

text: June

text: to

text: November

text: hurricane

text: season

text: particularly

text: from

text: August

text: to

text: October

text: Florida

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: hurricane

text: prone

text: state

text: with

text: subtropical

text: or

text: tropical

text: water

text: on

text: a

text: lengthy

text: coastline

text: Of

text: the

text: category

text: or

text: higher

text: storms

text: that

text: have

text: struck

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: have

text: either

text: hit

text: Florida

text: or

text: Texas

text: From

text: to

text: Florida

text: was

text: struck

text: by

text: hurricanes

text: of

text: them

text: major

text: category

text: and

text: above

text: It

text: is

text: rare

text: for

text: a

text: hurricane

text: season

text: to

text: pass

text: without

text: any

text: impact

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: by

text: at

text: least

text: a

text: tropical

text: storm.[citation

text: needed

question: What posses a threat each year to Florida

answer: Hurricanes pose a severe threat

text: Hurricanes pose a severe threat

question: What percentage of category 4 storms hit Florida

answer: category 4 or higher storms that have struck the United States, 83% have either hit Florida or Texas

text: category 4 or higher storms that have struck the United States, 83% have either hit Florida or Texas

question: How many storms hit Florida from 1851 to 2006

answer: Florida was struck by 114

text: Florida was struck by 114


text: In Western culture, the study of politics is first found in Ancient Greece. The antecedents of European politics trace their roots back even earlier than Plato and Aristotle, particularly in the works of Homer, Hesiod, Thucydides, Xenophon, and Euripides. Later, Plato analyzed political systems, abstracted their analysis from more literary- and history- oriented studies and applied an approach we would understand as closer to philosophy. Similarly, Aristotle built upon Plato's analysis to include historical empirical evidence in his analysis.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: In

text: Western

text: culture

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: politics

text: is

text: first

text: found

text: in

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: The

text: antecedents

text: of

text: European

text: politics

text: trace

text: their

text: roots

text: back

text: even

text: earlier

text: than

text: Plato

text: and

text: Aristotle

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: Homer

text: Hesiod

text: Thucydides

text: Xenophon

text: and

text: Euripides

text: Later

text: Plato

text: analyzed

text: political

text: systems

text: abstracted

text: their

text: analysis

text: from

text: more

text: literary-

text: and

text: history-

text: oriented

text: studies

text: and

text: applied

text: an

text: approach

text: we

text: would

text: understand

text: as

text: closer

text: to

text: philosophy

text: Similarly

text: Aristotle

text: built

text: upon

text: Plato

text: 's

text: analysis

text: to

text: include

text: historical

text: empirical

text: evidence

text: in

text: his

text: analysis

question: Where did studying politics originate?

answer: Ancient Greece

text: Ancient Greece

question: What did Plato study?

answer: political systems

text: political systems

question: What method did Plato use to understand political systems?

answer: philosophy

text: philosophy

question: What did Aristotle add to Plato's work?

answer: historical empirical evidence

text: historical empirical evidence