text: The Ming dynasty granted titles to lamas of schools such as the Karmapa Kargyu, but the latter had previously declined Mongol invitations to receive titles. When the Ming Yongle Emperor invited Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), founder of the Gelug school, to come to the Ming court and pay tribute, the latter declined. Wang and Nyima write that this was due to old age and physical weakness, and also because of efforts being made to build three major monasteries. Chen Qingying states that Tsongkhapa wrote a letter to decline the Emperor's invitation, and in this reply, Tsongkhapa wrote:

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: The

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: granted

text: titles

text: to

text: lamas

text: of

text: schools

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Karmapa

text: Kargyu

text: but

text: the

text: latter

text: had

text: previously

text: declined

text: Mongol

text: invitations

text: to

text: receive

text: titles

text: When

text: the

text: Ming

text: Yongle

text: Emperor

text: invited

text: Je

text: Tsongkhapa

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Gelug

text: school

text: to

text: come

text: to

text: the

text: Ming

text: court

text: and

text: pay

text: tribute

text: the

text: latter

text: declined

text: Wang

text: and

text: Nyima

text: write

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: due

text: to

text: old

text: age

text: and

text: physical

text: weakness

text: and

text: also

text: because

text: of

text: efforts

text: being

text: made

text: to

text: build

text: three

text: major

text: monasteries

text: Chen

text: Qingying

text: states

text: that

text: Tsongkhapa

text: wrote

text: a

text: letter

text: to

text: decline

text: the

text: Emperor

text: 's

text: invitation

text: and

text: in

text: this

text: reply

text: Tsongkhapa

text: wrote

question: The Ming Dynasty granted what titles to lamas of schools?

answer: the Karmapa Kargyu

text: the Karmapa Kargyu

question: Who did the Ming Dynasty decline titles from after receiving invitations?

answer: Mongol

text: Mongol

question: Who was the founder of the Gelug school?

answer: Je Tsongkhapa

text: Je Tsongkhapa

question: Who invited Je Tsongkhapa to come pay tribute?

answer: the Ming Yongle Emperor

text: the Ming Yongle Emperor

question: Who wrote the letter declining the Emperor's invitation?

answer: Tsongkhapa

text: Tsongkhapa


text: Armenia was annexed by Bolshevist Russia and along with Georgia and Azerbaijan, it was incorporated into the Soviet Union as part of the Transcaucasian SFSR (TSFSR) on 4 March 1922. With this annexation, the Treaty of Alexandropol was superseded by the Turkish-Soviet Treaty of Kars. In the agreement, Turkey allowed the Soviet Union to assume control over Adjara with the port city of Batumi in return for sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır, all of which were part of Russian Armenia.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Armenia

text: was

text: annexed

text: by

text: Bolshevist

text: Russia

text: and

text: along

text: with

text: Georgia

text: and

text: Azerbaijan

text: it

text: was

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Transcaucasian

text: SFSR

text: TSFSR

text: on

text: March

text: With

text: this

text: annexation

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Alexandropol

text: was

text: superseded

text: by

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Soviet

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Kars

text: In

text: the

text: agreement

text: Turkey

text: allowed

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: to

text: assume

text: control

text: over

text: Adjara

text: with

text: the

text: port

text: city

text: of

text: Batumi

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: Kars

text: Ardahan

text: and

text: Iğdır

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: part

text: of

text: Russian

text: Armenia

question: When was the Transcaucasian SFSR formed?

answer: 4 March 1922

text: 4 March 1922

question: The Soviet Union gained control over which city following the Treaty of Kars?

answer: Batumi

text: Batumi

question: What did Turkey gain from the Treaty of Kars?

answer: sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır

text: sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır

question: Who annexed Armenia?

answer: Bolshevist Russia

text: Bolshevist Russia


text: Between 1590–1712 the Dutch also possessed one of the strongest and fastest navies in the world, allowing for their varied conquests including breaking the Portuguese sphere of influence on the Indian Ocean and in the Orient, as well as a lucrative slave trade from Africa and the Pacific.

title: Dutch_Republic

title: Dutch_Republic

text: Between

text: the

text: Dutch

text: also

text: possessed

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: strongest

text: and

text: fastest

text: navies

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: allowing

text: for

text: their

text: varied

text: conquests

text: including

text: breaking

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: sphere

text: of

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Orient

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: lucrative

text: slave

text: trade

text: from

text: Africa

text: and

text: the

text: Pacific

question: The Dutch had one of the strongest and fastest navies in the world during what time?

answer: 1590–1712

question: The Dutch operated a slave trade from which locations?

answer: Africa and the Pacific

text: Africa and the Pacific

question: What was one of the conquests of the Dutch Navy?

answer: breaking the Portuguese sphere of influence on the Indian Ocean and in the Orient

text: breaking the Portuguese sphere of influence on the Indian Ocean and in the Orient


text: The Community Tool Box is a public service of the University maintained by the Work Group for Community Health and Development. It is a free, online resource that contains more than 7,000 pages of practical information for promoting community health and development, and is a global resource for both professionals and grassroots groups engaged in the work of community health and development.

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: The

text: Community

text: Tool

text: Box

text: is

text: a

text: public

text: service

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: maintained

text: by

text: the

text: Work

text: Group

text: for

text: Community

text: Health

text: and

text: Development

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: free

text: online

text: resource

text: that

text: contains

text: more

text: than

text: pages

text: of

text: practical

text: information

text: for

text: promoting

text: community

text: health

text: and

text: development

text: and

text: is

text: a

text: global

text: resource

text: for

text: both

text: professionals

text: and

text: grassroots

text: groups

text: engaged

text: in

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: community

text: health

text: and

text: development

question: What is the name of a publicly-available resource of KU related to community health?

answer: The Community Tool Box

text: The Community Tool Box

question: What body is responsible for managing the Community Tool Box?

answer: the Work Group for Community Health and Development

text: the Work Group for Community Health and Development

question: What kinds of groups around the world can benefit from the Community Tool Box?

answer: professionals and grassroots groups engaged in the work of community health and development

text: professionals and grassroots groups engaged in the work of community health and development

question: How much content does the Community Tool Box offer?

answer: more than 7,000 pages

text: more than 7,000 pages

question: Where can the Community Tool Box be found?

answer: online

text: online


text: While Southampton is no longer the base for any cross-channel ferries, it is the terminus for three internal ferry services, all of which operate from terminals at Town Quay. Two of these, a car ferry service and a fast catamaran passenger ferry service, provide links to East Cowes and Cowes respectively on the Isle of Wight and are operated by Red Funnel. The third ferry is the Hythe Ferry, providing a passenger service to Hythe on the other side of Southampton Water.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: While

text: Southampton

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: the

text: base

text: for

text: any

text: cross

text: channel

text: ferries

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: terminus

text: for

text: three

text: internal

text: ferry

text: services

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: operate

text: from

text: terminals

text: at

text: Town

text: Quay

text: Two

text: of

text: these

text: a

text: car

text: ferry

text: service

text: and

text: a

text: fast

text: catamaran

text: passenger

text: ferry

text: service

text: provide

text: links

text: to

text: East

text: Cowes

text: and

text: Cowes

text: respectively

text: on

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Wight

text: and

text: are

text: operated

text: by

text: Red

text: Funnel

text: The

text: third

text: ferry

text: is

text: the

text: Hythe

text: Ferry

text: providing

text: a

text: passenger

text: service

text: to

text: Hythe

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: side

text: of

text: Southampton

text: Water

question: How many internal ferry services does Southampton serve?

answer: three

text: three

question: What is the name of the quay where all three ferries have their terminals?

answer: Town Quay

text: Town Quay

question: How many of the ferries connect to the Isle of Wight?

answer: Two

text: Two

question: What company operates the ferries to East Cowes and Cowes?

answer: Red Funnel

text: Red Funnel

question: What body of water does the Hythe Ferry cross to reach Hythe from Southampton?

answer: Southampton Water

text: Southampton Water


text: Foreign students' department for Armenian diaspora established in 1957 later was enlarged and the enrollment of foreign students began. Nowadays the YSMU is a Medical Institution corresponding to international requirements, trains medical staff for not only Armenia and neighbor countries, i.e. Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Georgia, but also many other leading countries all over the world. A great number of foreign students from India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the USA and Russian Federation study together with Armenian students. Nowadays the university is ranked among famous higher Medical Institutions and takes its honorable place in the World Directory of Medical Schools published by the WHO.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Foreign

text: students

text: department

text: for

text: Armenian

text: diaspora

text: established

text: in

text: later

text: was

text: enlarged

text: and

text: the

text: enrollment

text: of

text: foreign

text: students

text: began

text: Nowadays

text: the

text: YSMU

text: is

text: a

text: Medical

text: Institution

text: corresponding

text: to

text: international

text: requirements

text: trains

text: medical

text: staff

text: for

text: not

text: only

text: Armenia

text: and

text: neighbor

text: countries

text: i.e.

text: Iran

text: Syria

text: Lebanon

text: Georgia

text: but

text: also

text: many

text: other

text: leading

text: countries

text: all

text: over

text: the

text: world

text: A

text: great

text: number

text: of

text: foreign

text: students

text: from

text: India

text: Nepal

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: the

text: USA

text: and

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: study

text: together

text: with

text: Armenian

text: students

text: Nowadays

text: the

text: university

text: is

text: ranked

text: among

text: famous

text: higher

text: Medical

text: Institutions

text: and

text: takes

text: its

text: honorable

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: World

text: Directory

text: of

text: Medical

text: Schools

text: published

text: by

text: the

text: WHO

question: Who is in charge of releasing the World Directory of Medical Schools?

answer: WHO

text: WHO

question: When was the foreign student department for Armenian diaspora created?

answer: 1957

question: Armenian students attend YMSU with foreign students from where?

answer: India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the USA and Russian Federation

text: India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the USA and Russian Federation


text: Regarding the timing of German rapprochement, many historians agree that the dismissal of Maxim Litvinov, whose Jewish ethnicity was viewed unfavorably by Nazi Germany, removed an obstacle to negotiations with Germany. Stalin immediately directed Molotov to "purge the ministry of Jews." Given Litvinov's prior attempts to create an anti-fascist coalition, association with the doctrine of collective security with France and Britain, and pro-Western orientation by the standards of the Kremlin, his dismissal indicated the existence of a Soviet option of rapprochement with Germany.[f] Likewise, Molotov's appointment served as a signal to Germany that the USSR was open to offers. The dismissal also signaled to France and Britain the existence of a potential negotiation option with Germany. One British official wrote that Litvinov's disappearance also meant the loss of an admirable technician or shock-absorber, while Molotov's "modus operandi" was "more truly Bolshevik than diplomatic or cosmopolitan." Carr argued that the Soviet Union's replacement of Foreign Minister Litvinov with Molotov on May 3, 1939 indicated not an irrevocable shift towards alignment with Germany, but rather was Stalin's way of engaging in hard bargaining with the British and the French by appointing a proverbial hard man, namely Molotov, to the Foreign Commissariat. Historian Albert Resis stated that the Litvinov dismissal gave the Soviets freedom to pursue faster-paced German negotiations, but that they did not abandon British–French talks. Derek Watson argued that Molotov could get the best deal with Britain and France because he was not encumbered with the baggage of collective security and could negotiate with Germany. Geoffrey Roberts argued that Litvinov's dismissal helped the Soviets with British–French talks, because Litvinov doubted or maybe even opposed such discussions.

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: Regarding

text: the

text: timing

text: of

text: German

text: rapprochement

text: many

text: historians

text: agree

text: that

text: the

text: dismissal

text: of

text: Maxim

text: Litvinov

text: whose

text: Jewish

text: ethnicity

text: was

text: viewed

text: unfavorably

text: by

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: removed

text: an

text: obstacle

text: to

text: negotiations

text: with

text: Germany

text: Stalin

text: immediately

text: directed

text: Molotov

text: to

text: purge

text: the

text: ministry

text: of

text: Jews

text: Given

text: Litvinov

text: 's

text: prior

text: attempts

text: to

text: create

text: an

text: anti

text: fascist

text: coalition

text: association

text: with

text: the

text: doctrine

text: of

text: collective

text: security

text: with

text: France

text: and

text: Britain

text: and

text: pro

text: Western

text: orientation

text: by

text: the

text: standards

text: of

text: the

text: Kremlin

text: his

text: dismissal

text: indicated

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: a

text: Soviet

text: option

text: of

text: rapprochement

text: with

text: Germany.[f

text: Likewise

text: Molotov

text: 's

text: appointment

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: signal

text: to

text: Germany

text: that

text: the

text: USSR

text: was

text: open

text: to

text: offers

text: The

text: dismissal

text: also

text: signaled

text: to

text: France

text: and

text: Britain

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: a

text: potential

text: negotiation

text: option

text: with

text: Germany

text: One

text: British

text: official

text: wrote

text: that

text: Litvinov

text: 's

text: disappearance

text: also

text: meant

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: an

text: admirable

text: technician

text: or

text: shock

text: absorber

text: while

text: Molotov

text: 's

text: modus

text: operandi

text: was

text: more

text: truly

text: Bolshevik

text: than

text: diplomatic

text: or

text: cosmopolitan

text: Carr

text: argued

text: that

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: 's

text: replacement

text: of

text: Foreign

text: Minister

text: Litvinov

text: with

text: Molotov

text: on

text: May

text: indicated

text: not

text: an

text: irrevocable

text: shift

text: towards

text: alignment

text: with

text: Germany

text: but

text: rather

text: was

text: Stalin

text: 's

text: way

text: of

text: engaging

text: in

text: hard

text: bargaining

text: with

text: the

text: British

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: by

text: appointing

text: a

text: proverbial

text: hard

text: man

text: namely

text: Molotov

text: to

text: the

text: Foreign

text: Commissariat

text: Historian

text: Albert

text: Resis

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: Litvinov

text: dismissal

text: gave

text: the

text: Soviets

text: freedom

text: to

text: pursue

text: faster

text: paced

text: German

text: negotiations

text: but

text: that

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: abandon

text: British

text: French

text: talks

text: Derek

text: Watson

text: argued

text: that

text: Molotov

text: could

text: get

text: the

text: best

text: deal

text: with

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: because

text: he

text: was

text: not

text: encumbered

text: with

text: the

text: baggage

text: of

text: collective

text: security

text: and

text: could

text: negotiate

text: with

text: Germany

text: Geoffrey

text: Roberts

text: argued

text: that

text: Litvinov

text: 's

text: dismissal

text: helped

text: the

text: Soviets

text: with

text: British

text: French

text: talks

text: because

text: Litvinov

text: doubted

text: or

text: maybe

text: even

text: opposed

text: such

text: discussions

question: Who was ordered to remove the Jews from the Ministry?

answer: Molotov

text: Molotov

question: Who gave the order to remove the Jews from the Ministry?

answer: Stalin

text: Stalin

question: Who believed that the firing of Litvinov allowed the Soviets to quicker negotiations with Germany?

answer: Derek Watson

text: Derek Watson

question: Who believed that the hiring of Molotov would result in a better deal with the western countries?

answer: Geoffrey Roberts

text: Geoffrey Roberts


text: Most Western and Commonwealth militaries integrate air defence purely with the traditional services, of the military (i.e. army, navy and air force), as a separate arm or as part of artillery. In the United States Army for instance, air defence is part of the artillery arm, while in the Pakistan Army, it was split off from Artillery to form a separate arm of its own in 1990. This is in contrast to some (largely communist or ex-communist) countries where not only are there provisions for air defence in the army, navy and air force but there are specific branches that deal only with the air defence of territory, for example, the Soviet PVO Strany. The USSR also had a separate strategic rocket force in charge of nuclear intercontinental ballistic missiles.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Most

text: Western

text: and

text: Commonwealth

text: militaries

text: integrate

text: air

text: defence

text: purely

text: with

text: the

text: traditional

text: services

text: of

text: the

text: military

text: i.e.

text: army

text: navy

text: and

text: air

text: force

text: as

text: a

text: separate

text: arm

text: or

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: artillery

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Army

text: for

text: instance

text: air

text: defence

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: artillery

text: arm

text: while

text: in

text: the

text: Pakistan

text: Army

text: it

text: was

text: split

text: off

text: from

text: Artillery

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: separate

text: arm

text: of

text: its

text: own

text: in

text: This

text: is

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: some

text: largely

text: communist

text: or

text: ex

text: communist

text: countries

text: where

text: not

text: only

text: are

text: there

text: provisions

text: for

text: air

text: defence

text: in

text: the

text: army

text: navy

text: and

text: air

text: force

text: but

text: there

text: are

text: specific

text: branches

text: that

text: deal

text: only

text: with

text: the

text: air

text: defence

text: of

text: territory

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: Soviet

text: PVO

text: Strany

text: The

text: USSR

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: separate

text: strategic

text: rocket

text: force

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: nuclear

text: intercontinental

text: ballistic

text: missiles

question: What military forces usually integrate air defnce as a separate arm or part of artillery?

answer: Western and Commonwealth militaries

text: Western and Commonwealth militaries

question: Air defence in the US Army is part of what arm?

answer: artillery arm

text: artillery arm

question: Air defence in Pakistan was separated from the Army in what year?

answer: 1990

question: What type of countries have set branches for territorial air defence?

answer: largely communist or ex-communist

text: largely communist or ex-communist

question: Who had a separate military force for controlling nuclear ICBMs?

answer: USSR

text: USSR


text: There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings.

title: Airport

title: Airport

text: There

text: are

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: aids

text: available

text: to

text: pilots

text: though

text: not

text: all

text: airports

text: are

text: equipped

text: with

text: them

text: A

text: visual

text: approach

text: slope

text: indicator

text: VASI

text: helps

text: pilots

text: fly

text: the

text: approach

text: for

text: landing

text: Some

text: airports

text: are

text: equipped

text: with

text: a

text: VHF

text: omnidirectional

text: range

text: VOR

text: to

text: help

text: pilots

text: find

text: the

text: direction

text: to

text: the

text: airport

text: VORs

text: are

text: often

text: accompanied

text: by

text: a

text: distance

text: measuring

text: equipment

text: DME

text: to

text: determine

text: the

text: distance

text: to

text: the

text: VOR

text: VORs

text: are

text: also

text: located

text: off

text: airports

text: where

text: they

text: serve

text: to

text: provide

text: airways

text: for

text: aircraft

text: to

text: navigate

text: upon

text: In

text: poor

text: weather

text: pilots

text: will

text: use

text: an

text: instrument

text: landing

text: system

text: ILS

text: to

text: find

text: the

text: runway

text: and

text: fly

text: the

text: correct

text: approach

text: even

text: if

text: they

text: can

text: not

text: see

text: the

text: ground

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: instrument

text: approaches

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: Global

text: Positioning

text: System

text: GPS

text: is

text: rapidly

text: increasing

text: and

text: may

text: eventually

text: be

text: the

text: primary

text: means

text: for

text: instrument

text: landings

question: What helps pilots fly the approach for landing?

answer: visual approach slope indicator

text: visual approach slope indicator

question: What does VASI stand for?

answer: visual approach slope indicator

text: visual approach slope indicator

question: What does VOR stand for?

answer: VHF omnidirectional range

text: VHF omnidirectional range

question: What helps pilots find the direction to the airport?

answer: VHF omnidirectional range

text: VHF omnidirectional range

question: What instruments do pilots use to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground?

answer: instrument landing system

text: instrument landing system


text: After several weeks of rumors, which started around January 11, 2013, Dell announced on February 5, 2013 that it had struck a $24.4 billion leveraged buyout deal, that would have delisted its shares from the NASDAQ and Hong Kong Stock Exchange and taken it private. Reuters reported that Michael Dell and Silver Lake Partners, aided by a $2 billion loan from Microsoft, would acquire the public shares at $13.65 apiece. The $24.4 billion buyout was projected to be the largest leveraged buyout backed by private equity since the 2007 financial crisis. It is also the largest technology buyout ever, surpassing the 2006 buyout of Freescale Semiconductor for $17.5 billion.

title: Dell

title: Dell

text: After

text: several

text: weeks

text: of

text: rumors

text: which

text: started

text: around

text: January

text: Dell

text: announced

text: on

text: February

text: that

text: it

text: had

text: struck

text: a

text: billion

text: leveraged

text: buyout

text: deal

text: that

text: would

text: have

text: delisted

text: its

text: shares

text: from

text: the

text: NASDAQ

text: and

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: and

text: taken

text: it

text: private

text: Reuters

text: reported

text: that

text: Michael

text: Dell

text: and

text: Silver

text: Lake

text: Partners

text: aided

text: by

text: a

text: billion

text: loan

text: from

text: Microsoft

text: would

text: acquire

text: the

text: public

text: shares

text: at

text: apiece

text: The

text: billion

text: buyout

text: was

text: projected

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: largest

text: leveraged

text: buyout

text: backed

text: by

text: private

text: equity

text: since

text: the

text: financial

text: crisis

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: largest

text: technology

text: buyout

text: ever

text: surpassing

text: the

text: buyout

text: of

text: Freescale

text: Semiconductor

text: for

text: billion

question: What was the value of Dell's buyout deal?

answer: $24.4 billion

text: $24.4 billion

question: What year did Dell announce its buyout deal?

answer: 2013

question: What was the value of the loan that Dell received from Microsoft?

answer: $2 billion

text: $2 billion

question: What was the value of the second largest technology buyout?

answer: $17.5 billion

text: $17.5 billion


text: In the 1950s some British pubs would offer "a pie and a pint", with hot individual steak and ale pies made easily on the premises by the proprietor's wife during the lunchtime opening hours. The ploughman's lunch became popular in the late 1960s. In the late 1960s "chicken in a basket", a portion of roast chicken with chips, served on a napkin, in a wicker basket became popular due to its convenience.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: In

text: the

text: some

text: British

text: pubs

text: would

text: offer

text: a

text: pie

text: and

text: a

text: pint

text: with

text: hot

text: individual

text: steak

text: and

text: ale

text: pies

text: made

text: easily

text: on

text: the

text: premises

text: by

text: the

text: proprietor

text: 's

text: wife

text: during

text: the

text: lunchtime

text: opening

text: hours

text: The

text: ploughman

text: 's

text: lunch

text: became

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: In

text: the

text: late

text: chicken

text: in

text: a

text: basket

text: a

text: portion

text: of

text: roast

text: chicken

text: with

text: chips

text: served

text: on

text: a

text: napkin

text: in

text: a

text: wicker

text: basket

text: became

text: popular

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: convenience

question: During what decade did some British pubs provide "a pie and a pint"?

answer: 1950s

question: In what decade was the ploughman's lunch often consumed in pubs?

answer: 1960s

question: What decade saw the popularity of "chicken in a basket"?

answer: 1960s

question: What was "chicken in a basket" served in?

answer: a wicker basket

text: a wicker basket

question: Along with chicken, what food was included in "chicken in a basket"?

answer: chips

text: chips


text: The idea of Masonic brotherhood probably descends from a 16th-century legal definition of a brother as one who has taken an oath of mutual support to another. Accordingly, Masons swear at each degree to keep the contents of that degree secret, and to support and protect their brethren unless they have broken the law. In most Lodges the oath or obligation is taken on a Volume of Sacred Law, whichever book of divine revelation is appropriate to the religious beliefs of the individual brother (usually the Bible in the Anglo-American tradition). In Progressive continental Freemasonry, books other than scripture are permissible, a cause of rupture between Grand Lodges.

title: Freemasonry

title: Freemasonry

text: The

text: idea

text: of

text: Masonic

text: brotherhood

text: probably

text: descends

text: from

text: a

text: century

text: legal

text: definition

text: of

text: a

text: brother

text: as

text: one

text: who

text: has

text: taken

text: an

text: oath

text: of

text: mutual

text: support

text: to

text: another

text: Accordingly

text: Masons

text: swear

text: at

text: each

text: degree

text: to

text: keep

text: the

text: contents

text: of

text: that

text: degree

text: secret

text: and

text: to

text: support

text: and

text: protect

text: their

text: brethren

text: unless

text: they

text: have

text: broken

text: the

text: law

text: In

text: most

text: Lodges

text: the

text: oath

text: or

text: obligation

text: is

text: taken

text: on

text: a

text: Volume

text: of

text: Sacred

text: Law

text: whichever

text: book

text: of

text: divine

text: revelation

text: is

text: appropriate

text: to

text: the

text: religious

text: beliefs

text: of

text: the

text: individual

text: brother

text: usually

text: the

text: Bible

text: in

text: the

text: Anglo

text: American

text: tradition

text: In

text: Progressive

text: continental

text: Freemasonry

text: books

text: other

text: than

text: scripture

text: are

text: permissible

text: a

text: cause

text: of

text: rupture

text: between

text: Grand

text: Lodges

question: Are masons allowed to divulge the secrets of each degree?

answer: Masons swear at each degree to keep the contents of that degree secret

text: Masons swear at each degree to keep the contents of that degree secret

question: How are oaths taken?

answer: on a Volume of Sacred Law

text: on a Volume of Sacred Law

question: In what branch can books, other than scripture, be used for the purpose of oath taking?

answer: Progressive continental Freemasonry

text: Progressive continental Freemasonry

question: What can be considered a Volume of Sacred Law?

answer: whichever book of divine revelation is appropriate to the religious beliefs of the individual brother

text: whichever book of divine revelation is appropriate to the religious beliefs of the individual brother

question: Masons swear to protect their brethren unless they what?

answer: have broken the law

text: have broken the law

question: Most lodges have the oath taken on what?

answer: Volume of Sacred Law

text: Volume of Sacred Law

question: Mason swear at each degree to do what?

answer: keep the contents of that degree secret

text: keep the contents of that degree secret


text: In the 13th century mendicant orders—the Franciscans and the Dominicans—who swore vows of poverty and earned their living by begging, were approved by the papacy. Religious groups such as the Waldensians and the Humiliati also attempted to return to the life of early Christianity in the middle 12th and early 13th centuries, but they were condemned as heretical by the papacy. Others joined the Cathars, another heretical movement condemned by the papacy. In 1209, a crusade was preached against the Cathars, the Albigensian Crusade, which in combination with the medieval Inquisition, eliminated them.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: mendicant

text: orders

text: the

text: Franciscans

text: and

text: the

text: Dominicans

text: who

text: swore

text: vows

text: of

text: poverty

text: and

text: earned

text: their

text: living

text: by

text: begging

text: were

text: approved

text: by

text: the

text: papacy

text: Religious

text: groups

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Waldensians

text: and

text: the

text: Humiliati

text: also

text: attempted

text: to

text: return

text: to

text: the

text: life

text: of

text: early

text: Christianity

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: condemned

text: as

text: heretical

text: by

text: the

text: papacy

text: Others

text: joined

text: the

text: Cathars

text: another

text: heretical

text: movement

text: condemned

text: by

text: the

text: papacy

text: In

text: a

text: crusade

text: was

text: preached

text: against

text: the

text: Cathars

text: the

text: Albigensian

text: Crusade

text: which

text: in

text: combination

text: with

text: the

text: medieval

text: Inquisition

text: eliminated

text: them

question: Along with the Dominicans, what mendicant order was founded in the 13th century?

answer: Franciscans

text: Franciscans

question: What notable vow was sworn by the mendicant orders?

answer: poverty

text: poverty

question: How did the mendicant orders make a living?

answer: begging

text: begging

question: What was the crusade against the Cathars called?

answer: the Albigensian Crusade

text: the Albigensian Crusade

question: Along with the Cathars and Humiliati, what group was notably condemned as heretics in this period?

answer: the Waldensians

text: the Waldensians


text: Hogeschool is used in Belgium and in the Netherlands. The hogeschool has many similarities to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas and to the ammattikorkeakoulu in Finland.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: Hogeschool

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: Belgium

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: The

text: hogeschool

text: has

text: many

text: similarities

text: to

text: the

text: Fachhochschule

text: in

text: the

text: German

text: language

text: areas

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: ammattikorkeakoulu

text: in

text: Finland

question: What term is used in Belgium and the Netherlands to refer to an institution like a German Fachhochschule?

answer: hogeschool

text: hogeschool


text: Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Signs of dehydration often begin with loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and irritable behaviour. This can progress to decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness as it becomes more severe. Loose but non-watery stools in babies who are breastfed, however, may be normal.

title: Diarrhea

title: Diarrhea

text: Diarrhea

text: also

text: spelled

text: diarrhoea

text: is

text: the

text: condition

text: of

text: having

text: at

text: least

text: three

text: loose

text: or

text: liquid

text: bowel

text: movements

text: each

text: day

text: It

text: often

text: lasts

text: for

text: a

text: few

text: days

text: and

text: can

text: result

text: in

text: dehydration

text: due

text: to

text: fluid

text: loss

text: Signs

text: of

text: dehydration

text: often

text: begin

text: with

text: loss

text: of

text: the

text: normal

text: stretchiness

text: of

text: the

text: skin

text: and

text: irritable

text: behaviour

text: This

text: can

text: progress

text: to

text: decreased

text: urination

text: loss

text: of

text: skin

text: color

text: a

text: fast

text: heart

text: rate

text: and

text: a

text: decrease

text: in

text: responsiveness

text: as

text: it

text: becomes

text: more

text: severe

text: Loose

text: but

text: non

text: watery

text: stools

text: in

text: babies

text: who

text: are

text: breastfed

text: however

text: may

text: be

text: normal

question: What is diarrhea?

answer: the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day

text: the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day

question: What is one of the effects of diarrhea?

answer: can result in dehydration due to fluid loss

text: can result in dehydration due to fluid loss

question: What are the warning signs of dehydration?

answer: loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and irritable behaviour

text: loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and irritable behaviour

question: What are other signs of dehydration?

answer: decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness

text: decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness


text: The astrophysicist Nidhal Guessoum while being highly critical of pseudo-scientific claims made about the Quran, has highlighted the encouragement for sciences that the Quran provides by developing "the concept of knowledge.". He writes: "The Qur'an draws attention to the danger of conjecturing without evidence (And follow not that of which you have not the (certain) knowledge of... 17:36) and in several different verses asks Muslims to require proofs (Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful 2:111), both in matters of theological belief and in natural science." Guessoum cites Ghaleb Hasan on the definition of "proof" according the Quran being "clear and strong... convincing evidence or argument." Also, such a proof cannot rely on an argument from authority, citing verse 5:104. Lastly, both assertions and rejections require a proof, according to verse 4:174. Ismail al-Faruqi and Taha Jabir Alalwani are of the view that any reawakening of the Muslim civilization must start with the Quran; however, the biggest obstacle on this route is the "centuries old heritage of tafseer (exegesis) and other classical disciplines" which inhibit a "universal, epidemiological and systematic conception" of the Quran's message. The philosopher Muhammad Iqbal, considered the Quran's methodology and epistemology to be empirical and rational.

title: Quran

title: Quran

text: The

text: astrophysicist

text: Nidhal

text: Guessoum

text: while

text: being

text: highly

text: critical

text: of

text: pseudo

text: scientific

text: claims

text: made

text: about

text: the

text: Quran

text: has

text: highlighted

text: the

text: encouragement

text: for

text: sciences

text: that

text: the

text: Quran

text: provides

text: by

text: developing

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: knowledge

text: He

text: writes

text: The

text: Qur'an

text: draws

text: attention

text: to

text: the

text: danger

text: of

text: conjecturing

text: without

text: evidence

text: And

text: follow

text: not

text: that

text: of

text: which

text: you

text: have

text: not

text: the

text: certain

text: knowledge

text: of

text: and

text: in

text: several

text: different

text: verses

text: asks

text: Muslims

text: to

text: require

text: proofs

text: Say

text: Bring

text: your

text: proof

text: if

text: you

text: are

text: truthful

text: both

text: in

text: matters

text: of

text: theological

text: belief

text: and

text: in

text: natural

text: science

text: Guessoum

text: cites

text: Ghaleb

text: Hasan

text: on

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: proof

text: according

text: the

text: Quran

text: being

text: clear

text: and

text: strong

text: convincing

text: evidence

text: or

text: argument

text: Also

text: such

text: a

text: proof

text: can

text: not

text: rely

text: on

text: an

text: argument

text: from

text: authority

text: citing

text: verse

text: Lastly

text: both

text: assertions

text: and

text: rejections

text: require

text: a

text: proof

text: according

text: to

text: verse

text: Ismail

text: al

text: Faruqi

text: and

text: Taha

text: Jabir

text: Alalwani

text: are

text: of

text: the

text: view

text: that

text: any

text: reawakening

text: of

text: the

text: Muslim

text: civilization

text: must

text: start

text: with

text: the

text: Quran

text: however

text: the

text: biggest

text: obstacle

text: on

text: this

text: route

text: is

text: the

text: centuries

text: old

text: heritage

text: of

text: tafseer

text: exegesis

text: and

text: other

text: classical

text: disciplines

text: which

text: inhibit

text: a

text: universal

text: epidemiological

text: and

text: systematic

text: conception

text: of

text: the

text: Quran

text: 's

text: message

text: The

text: philosopher

text: Muhammad

text: Iqbal

text: considered

text: the

text: Quran

text: 's

text: methodology

text: and

text: epistemology

text: to

text: be

text: empirical

text: and

text: rational

question: Which astrophysicist has written about the ways the Quran encourages scientific thinking?

answer: Nidhal Guessoum

text: Nidhal Guessoum

question: Verse 2:111 of the Quran supports which aspect of scientific thought and practice?

answer: proof

text: proof

question: Whose scholarship on the concept of proof in the Quran does Guessoum cite?

answer: Ghaleb Hasan

text: Ghaleb Hasan

question: Which philosopher believed the Quran had a rational and empirical basis like science?

answer: Muhammad Iqbal

text: Muhammad Iqbal


text: On November 3, 2008, the European Commission at Brussels predicted for 2009 an extremely weak growth of GDP, by 0.1%, for the countries of the Eurozone (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium etc.) and even negative number for the UK (−1.0%), Ireland and Spain. On November 6, the IMF at Washington, D.C., launched numbers predicting a worldwide recession by −0.3% for 2009, averaged over the developed economies. On the same day, the Bank of England and the European Central Bank, respectively, reduced their interest rates from 4.5% down to 3%, and from 3.75% down to 3.25%. As a consequence, starting from November 2008, several countries launched large "help packages" for their economies.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: On

text: November

text: the

text: European

text: Commission

text: at

text: Brussels

text: predicted

text: for

text: an

text: extremely

text: weak

text: growth

text: of

text: GDP

text: by

text: for

text: the

text: countries

text: of

text: the

text: Eurozone

text: France

text: Germany

text: Italy

text: Belgium

text: etc

text: and

text: even

text: negative

text: number

text: for

text: the

text: UK

text: Ireland

text: and

text: Spain

text: On

text: November

text: the

text: IMF

text: at

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: launched

text: numbers

text: predicting

text: a

text: worldwide

text: recession

text: by

text: for

text: averaged

text: over

text: the

text: developed

text: economies

text: On

text: the

text: same

text: day

text: the

text: Bank

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: European

text: Central

text: Bank

text: respectively

text: reduced

text: their

text: interest

text: rates

text: from

text: down

text: to

text: and

text: from

text: down

text: to

text: As

text: a

text: consequence

text: starting

text: from

text: November

text: several

text: countries

text: launched

text: large

text: help

text: packages

text: for

text: their

text: economies

question: On November 3, 2008, who predicted extremely weak GDP growth for the Eurozone in 2009?

answer: European Commission at Brussels

text: European Commission at Brussels

question: How much did the European Commission estimate the GDP growth for Eurozone countries would be in 2009?

answer: 0.1%

question: How much did the European Commission estimate the GDP growth for the UK would be in 2009?

answer: −1.0%

question: On November 6, in Washington, D.C., who predicted a worldwide recession for 2009?

answer: the IMF

text: the IMF

question: On November 5, 2008, the Bank of England reduced their interest rate from 4.5% to what?

answer: 3%


text: A variety of games for the FDS were released by Nintendo (including some like Super Mario Bros. which had already been released on cartridge) and third party companies such as Konami and Taito. A few unlicensed titles were made as well. However, its limitations became quickly apparent as larger ROM chips were introduced, allowing cartridges with greater than 128k of space. More advanced memory management chips (MMC) soon appeared and the FDS quickly became obsolete. Nintendo also charged developers considerable amounts of money to produce FDS games, and many refused to develop for it, instead continuing to make cartridge titles. Many FDS disks have no dust covers (except in some unlicensed and bootleg variants) and are easily prone to getting dirt on the media. In addition, the drive use a belt which breaks frequently and requires invasive replacement. After only two years, the FDS was discontinued, although vending booths remained in place until 1993 and Nintendo continued to service drives, and to rewrite and offer replacement disks until 2003.

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: A

text: variety

text: of

text: games

text: for

text: the

text: FDS

text: were

text: released

text: by

text: Nintendo

text: including

text: some

text: like

text: Super

text: Mario

text: Bros.

text: which

text: had

text: already

text: been

text: released

text: on

text: cartridge

text: and

text: third

text: party

text: companies

text: such

text: as

text: Konami

text: and

text: Taito

text: A

text: few

text: unlicensed

text: titles

text: were

text: made

text: as

text: well

text: However

text: its

text: limitations

text: became

text: quickly

text: apparent

text: as

text: larger

text: ROM

text: chips

text: were

text: introduced

text: allowing

text: cartridges

text: with

text: greater

text: than

text: of

text: space

text: More

text: advanced

text: memory

text: management

text: chips

text: MMC

text: soon

text: appeared

text: and

text: the

text: FDS

text: quickly

text: became

text: obsolete

text: Nintendo

text: also

text: charged

text: developers

text: considerable

text: amounts

text: of

text: money

text: to

text: produce

text: FDS

text: games

text: and

text: many

text: refused

text: to

text: develop

text: for

text: it

text: instead

text: continuing

text: to

text: make

text: cartridge

text: titles

text: Many

text: FDS

text: disks

text: have

text: no

text: dust

text: covers

text: except

text: in

text: some

text: unlicensed

text: and

text: bootleg

text: variants

text: and

text: are

text: easily

text: prone

text: to

text: getting

text: dirt

text: on

text: the

text: media

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: drive

text: use

text: a

text: belt

text: which

text: breaks

text: frequently

text: and

text: requires

text: invasive

text: replacement

text: After

text: only

text: two

text: years

text: the

text: FDS

text: was

text: discontinued

text: although

text: vending

text: booths

text: remained

text: in

text: place

text: until

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: continued

text: to

text: service

text: drives

text: and

text: to

text: rewrite

text: and

text: offer

text: replacement

text: disks

text: until

question: Nintendo charged producers hefty sums to make what?

answer: FDS games

text: FDS games

question: What did companies do instead of making FDS games?

answer: make cartridge titles

text: make cartridge titles

question: Many FDS disks lack what?

answer: dust covers

text: dust covers

question: What broke frequently and needed replacement in the machine?

answer: belt

text: belt

question: How long did Nintendo service drives and offer replacement disks?

answer: 2003


text: After several years of economic downturn and political instability, in 1997, Guinea-Bissau entered the CFA franc monetary system, bringing about some internal monetary stability. The civil war that took place in 1998 and 1999, and a military coup in September 2003 again disrupted economic activity, leaving a substantial part of the economic and social infrastructure in ruins and intensifying the already widespread poverty. Following the parliamentary elections in March 2004 and presidential elections in July 2005, the country is trying to recover from the long period of instability, despite a still-fragile political situation.

title: Guinea-Bissau

title: Guinea

title: Bissau

text: After

text: several

text: years

text: of

text: economic

text: downturn

text: and

text: political

text: instability

text: in

text: Guinea

text: Bissau

text: entered

text: the

text: CFA

text: franc

text: monetary

text: system

text: bringing

text: about

text: some

text: internal

text: monetary

text: stability

text: The

text: civil

text: war

text: that

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: and

text: and

text: a

text: military

text: coup

text: in

text: September

text: again

text: disrupted

text: economic

text: activity

text: leaving

text: a

text: substantial

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: economic

text: and

text: social

text: infrastructure

text: in

text: ruins

text: and

text: intensifying

text: the

text: already

text: widespread

text: poverty

text: Following

text: the

text: parliamentary

text: elections

text: in

text: March

text: and

text: presidential

text: elections

text: in

text: July

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: trying

text: to

text: recover

text: from

text: the

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: instability

text: despite

text: a

text: still

text: fragile

text: political

text: situation

question: In what year did Guinea-Bissau start to bring some internal monetary stability to the country?

answer: 1997

question: What did the government do in 1997 to increase monetary stability?

answer: entered the CFA franc monetary system

text: entered the CFA franc monetary system

question: What years did the civil war take place?

answer: 1998 and 1999

text: 1998 and 1999

question: When was there a military coup in Guinea-Bissau?

answer: September 2003

text: September 2003

question: When were parliamentary elections held?

answer: March 2004

text: March 2004


text: A database management system (DBMS) is a computer software application that interacts with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data. A general-purpose DBMS is designed to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases. Well-known DBMSs include MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, SAP HANA, and IBM DB2. A database is not generally portable across different DBMSs, but different DBMS can interoperate by using standards such as SQL and ODBC or JDBC to allow a single application to work with more than one DBMS. Database management systems are often classified according to the database model that they support; the most popular database systems since the 1980s have all supported the relational model as represented by the SQL language.[disputed – discuss] Sometimes a DBMS is loosely referred to as a 'database'.

title: Database

title: Database

text: A

text: database

text: management

text: system

text: DBMS

text: is

text: a

text: computer

text: software

text: application

text: that

text: interacts

text: with

text: the

text: user

text: other

text: applications

text: and

text: the

text: database

text: itself

text: to

text: capture

text: and

text: analyze

text: data

text: A

text: general

text: purpose

text: DBMS

text: is

text: designed

text: to

text: allow

text: the

text: definition

text: creation

text: querying

text: update

text: and

text: administration

text: of

text: databases

text: Well

text: known

text: DBMSs

text: include

text: MySQL

text: PostgreSQL

text: Microsoft

text: SQL

text: Server

text: Oracle

text: Sybase

text: SAP

text: HANA

text: and

text: IBM

text: A

text: database

text: is

text: not

text: generally

text: portable

text: across

text: different

text: DBMSs

text: but

text: different

text: DBMS

text: can

text: interoperate

text: by

text: using

text: standards

text: such

text: as

text: SQL

text: and

text: ODBC

text: or

text: JDBC

text: to

text: allow

text: a

text: single

text: application

text: to

text: work

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: DBMS

text: Database

text: management

text: systems

text: are

text: often

text: classified

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: database

text: model

text: that

text: they

text: support

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: database

text: systems

text: since

text: the

text: have

text: all

text: supported

text: the

text: relational

text: model

text: as

text: represented

text: by

text: the

text: SQL

text: language.[disputed

text: discuss

text: Sometimes

text: a

text: DBMS

text: is

text: loosely

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: a

text: database

question: What does DBMS stand for?

answer: database management system

text: database management system

question: What is the purpose of a DBMS?

answer: to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases

text: to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases

question: What is the most popular DBMS?

answer: SQL language

text: SQL language

question: How are DBMSs classified?

answer: according to the database model that they support

text: according to the database model that they support


text: Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA.

title: Endangered_Species_Act

title: Endangered_Species_Act

text: Green

text: and

text: the

text: CPI

text: further

text: noted

text: another

text: exploit

text: of

text: the

text: ESA

text: in

text: their

text: discussion

text: of

text: the

text: critically

text: endangered

text: cotton

text: top

text: tamarin

text: Saguinus

text: oedipus

text: Not

text: only

text: had

text: they

text: found

text: documentation

text: that

text: of

text: these

text: primates

text: had

text: inadvertently

text: made

text: their

text: way

text: from

text: the

text: Harvard

text: affiliated

text: New

text: England

text: Regional

text: Primate

text: Research

text: Center

text: into

text: the

text: exotic

text: pet

text: trade

text: through

text: the

text: aforementioned

text: loophole

text: but

text: in

text: October

text: over

text: cotton

text: top

text: tamarins

text: were

text: imported

text: into

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: beat

text: the

text: official

text: listing

text: of

text: the

text: species

text: under

text: the

text: ESA

question: The Center for Public Integrity found that 151 of what primate were moved from the New England Primate Research Center into exotic pet trade?

answer: cotton-top tamarin

text: cotton-top tamarin

question: What happened in 1976 that impacted this primate's classification as Endanger?

answer: over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States

text: over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States

question: What school is affiliated with the New England Primate Research Center?

answer: Harvard

text: Harvard


text: With successive Persian rule, the region, divided between Syria-Coele province and later the autonomous Yehud Medinata, was gradually developing back into urban society, largely dominated by Judeans. The Greek conquests largely skipped the region without any resistance or interest. Incorporated into Ptolemaic and finally Seleucid Empires, the southern Levant was heavily hellenized, building the tensions between Judeans and Greeks. The conflict erupted in 167 BCE with the Maccabean Revolt, which succeeded in establishing an independent Hasmonean Kingdom in Judah, which later expanded over much of modern Israel, as the Seleucids gradually lost control in the region.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: With

text: successive

text: Persian

text: rule

text: the

text: region

text: divided

text: between

text: Syria

text: Coele

text: province

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: autonomous

text: Yehud

text: Medinata

text: was

text: gradually

text: developing

text: back

text: into

text: urban

text: society

text: largely

text: dominated

text: by

text: Judeans

text: The

text: Greek

text: conquests

text: largely

text: skipped

text: the

text: region

text: without

text: any

text: resistance

text: or

text: interest

text: Incorporated

text: into

text: Ptolemaic

text: and

text: finally

text: Seleucid

text: Empires

text: the

text: southern

text: Levant

text: was

text: heavily

text: hellenized

text: building

text: the

text: tensions

text: between

text: Judeans

text: and

text: Greeks

text: The

text: conflict

text: erupted

text: in

text: BCE

text: with

text: the

text: Maccabean

text: Revolt

text: which

text: succeeded

text: in

text: establishing

text: an

text: independent

text: Hasmonean

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: Judah

text: which

text: later

text: expanded

text: over

text: much

text: of

text: modern

text: Israel

text: as

text: the

text: Seleucids

text: gradually

text: lost

text: control

text: in

text: the

text: region

question: When did the conflict between Judeans and Greeks erupt?

answer: 167 BCE

text: 167 BCE

question: What was established in the Maccabean Revolt?

answer: Hasmonean Kingdom

text: Hasmonean Kingdom

question: Who dominated the society?

answer: Judeans

text: Judeans


text: The view of the Roman Catholic Church is that Protestant denominations cannot be considered churches but rather that they are ecclesial communities or specific faith-believing communities because their ordinances and doctrines are not historically the same as the Catholic sacraments and dogmas, and the Protestant communities have no sacramental ministerial priesthood and therefore lack true apostolic succession. According to Bishop Hilarion (Alfeyev) the Eastern Orthodox Church shares the same view on the subject.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: The

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: is

text: that

text: Protestant

text: denominations

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: considered

text: churches

text: but

text: rather

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: ecclesial

text: communities

text: or

text: specific

text: faith

text: believing

text: communities

text: because

text: their

text: ordinances

text: and

text: doctrines

text: are

text: not

text: historically

text: the

text: same

text: as

text: the

text: Catholic

text: sacraments

text: and

text: dogmas

text: and

text: the

text: Protestant

text: communities

text: have

text: no

text: sacramental

text: ministerial

text: priesthood

text: and

text: therefore

text: lack

text: true

text: apostolic

text: succession

text: According

text: to

text: Bishop

text: Hilarion

text: Alfeyev

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Orthodox

text: Church

text: shares

text: the

text: same

text: view

text: on

text: the

text: subject

question: The Roman Catholic Church considers Protestant denominations to be what?

answer: ecclesial communities or specific faith-believing communities

text: ecclesial communities or specific faith-believing communities

question: What is lacking in Protestant priesthood, according to the Roman Catholic Church?

answer: no sacramental ministerial priesthood

text: no sacramental ministerial priesthood

question: What does the Roman Catholic Church say is not comparable to their sacraments and dogmas?

answer: ordinances and doctrines

text: ordinances and doctrines

question: What other Church shares the Roman Catholic view on Protestant churches?

answer: Eastern Orthodox

text: Eastern Orthodox

question: What is lacking in Protestantism, according to the Roman Catholic Church?

answer: true apostolic succession

text: true apostolic succession


text: As a result of the change in its status and the arrival of the Portuguese royal family, Brazilian administrative, civic, economical, military, educational, and scientific apparatus were expanded and highly modernized. Portuguese and their allied British troops fought against the French Invasion of Portugal and by 1815 the situation in Europe had cooled down sufficiently that João VI would have been able to return safely to Lisbon. However, the King of Portugal remained in Brazil until the Liberal Revolution of 1820, which started in Porto, demanded his return to Lisbon in 1821.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: change

text: in

text: its

text: status

text: and

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: royal

text: family

text: Brazilian

text: administrative

text: civic

text: economical

text: military

text: educational

text: and

text: scientific

text: apparatus

text: were

text: expanded

text: and

text: highly

text: modernized

text: Portuguese

text: and

text: their

text: allied

text: British

text: troops

text: fought

text: against

text: the

text: French

text: Invasion

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: situation

text: in

text: Europe

text: had

text: cooled

text: down

text: sufficiently

text: that

text: João

text: VI

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: able

text: to

text: return

text: safely

text: to

text: Lisbon

text: However

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Portugal

text: remained

text: in

text: Brazil

text: until

text: the

text: Liberal

text: Revolution

text: of

text: which

text: started

text: in

text: Porto

text: demanded

text: his

text: return

text: to

text: Lisbon

text: in

question: Portugese and British troops fought against the invasion of which country?

answer: French

text: French

question: Until when did the King of Portugal remain in Brazil?

answer: until the Liberal Revolution of 1820

text: until the Liberal Revolution of 1820

question: Where did the Liberal Revolution of 1820 begin?

answer: Porto

text: Porto

question: By what year had the situation in Europe cool down enough so that Joao VI would have been able to safely return to Lisbon?

answer: 1815

question: What provoked the modernization and expansion of the Brazilian administrative, civic, economical, military, educational, and scientific apparatus?

answer: the change in its status and the arrival of the Portuguese royal family

text: the change in its status and the arrival of the Portuguese royal family


text: In 2012, Abigail Fisher, an undergraduate student at Louisiana State University, and Rachel Multer Michalewicz, a law student at Southern Methodist University, filed a lawsuit to challenge the University of Texas admissions policy, asserting it had a "race-conscious policy" that "violated their civil and constitutional rights". The University of Texas employs the "Top Ten Percent Law", under which admission to any public college or university in Texas is guaranteed to high school students who graduate in the top ten percent of their high school class. Fisher has brought the admissions policy to court because she believes that she was denied acceptance to the University of Texas based on her race, and thus, her right to equal protection according to the 14th Amendment was violated. The Supreme Court heard oral arguments in Fisher on October 10, 2012, and rendered an ambiguous ruling in 2013 that sent the case back to the lower court, stipulating only that the University must demonstrate that it could not achieve diversity through other, non-race sensitive means. In July 2014, the US Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit concluded that U of T maintained a "holistic" approach in its application of affirmative action, and could continue the practice. On February 10, 2015, lawyers for Fisher filed a new case in the Supreme Court. It is a renewed complaint that the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit got the issue wrong — on the second try as well as on the first. The Supreme Court agreed in June 2015 to hear the case a second time. It will likely be decided by June 2016.

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: Abigail

text: Fisher

text: an

text: undergraduate

text: student

text: at

text: Louisiana

text: State

text: University

text: and

text: Rachel

text: Multer

text: Michalewicz

text: a

text: law

text: student

text: at

text: Southern

text: Methodist

text: University

text: filed

text: a

text: lawsuit

text: to

text: challenge

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Texas

text: admissions

text: policy

text: asserting

text: it

text: had

text: a

text: race

text: conscious

text: policy

text: that

text: violated

text: their

text: civil

text: and

text: constitutional

text: rights

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Texas

text: employs

text: the

text: Top

text: Ten

text: Percent

text: Law

text: under

text: which

text: admission

text: to

text: any

text: public

text: college

text: or

text: university

text: in

text: Texas

text: is

text: guaranteed

text: to

text: high

text: school

text: students

text: who

text: graduate

text: in

text: the

text: top

text: ten

text: percent

text: of

text: their

text: high

text: school

text: class

text: Fisher

text: has

text: brought

text: the

text: admissions

text: policy

text: to

text: court

text: because

text: she

text: believes

text: that

text: she

text: was

text: denied

text: acceptance

text: to

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Texas

text: based

text: on

text: her

text: race

text: and

text: thus

text: her

text: right

text: to

text: equal

text: protection

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Amendment

text: was

text: violated

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: heard

text: oral

text: arguments

text: in

text: Fisher

text: on

text: October

text: and

text: rendered

text: an

text: ambiguous

text: ruling

text: in

text: that

text: sent

text: the

text: case

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: lower

text: court

text: stipulating

text: only

text: that

text: the

text: University

text: must

text: demonstrate

text: that

text: it

text: could

text: not

text: achieve

text: diversity

text: through

text: other

text: non

text: race

text: sensitive

text: means

text: In

text: July

text: the

text: US

text: Court

text: of

text: Appeals

text: for

text: the

text: Fifth

text: Circuit

text: concluded

text: that

text: U

text: of

text: T

text: maintained

text: a

text: holistic

text: approach

text: in

text: its

text: application

text: of

text: affirmative

text: action

text: and

text: could

text: continue

text: the

text: practice

text: On

text: February

text: lawyers

text: for

text: Fisher

text: filed

text: a

text: new

text: case

text: in

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: renewed

text: complaint

text: that

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Court

text: of

text: Appeals

text: for

text: the

text: Fifth

text: Circuit

text: got

text: the

text: issue

text: wrong

text: on

text: the

text: second

text: try

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: agreed

text: in

text: June

text: to

text: hear

text: the

text: case

text: a

text: second

text: time

text: It

text: will

text: likely

text: be

text: decided

text: by

text: June

question: Which University had a lawsuit filed against it?

answer: University of Texas

text: University of Texas

question: What did the plaintiffs claim the university had for an admissions policy?

answer: race-conscious policy

text: race-conscious policy

question: What did the admissions policy of the University of Texas supposedly violate?

answer: their civil and constitutional rights

text: their civil and constitutional rights

question: Who concluded that the University maintained a "holistic" approach to affirmative action?

answer: US Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

text: US Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

question: When will the Supreme Court likely hear the case for the second time?

answer: June 2016

text: June 2016


text: Bush focused his campaign on national security, presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper." This strategy was designed to convey to American voters the idea that Bush could be trusted to be tough on terrorism while Kerry would be "uncertain in the face of danger." Bush (just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election) also sought to portray Kerry as a "Massachusetts liberal" who was out of touch with mainstream Americans. One of Kerry's slogans was "Stronger at home, respected in the world." This advanced the suggestion that Kerry would pay more attention to domestic concerns; it also encapsulated Kerry's contention that Bush had alienated American allies by his foreign policy.

title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004

text: Bush

text: focused

text: his

text: campaign

text: on

text: national

text: security

text: presenting

text: himself

text: as

text: a

text: decisive

text: leader

text: and

text: contrasted

text: Kerry

text: as

text: a

text: flip

text: flopper

text: This

text: strategy

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: convey

text: to

text: American

text: voters

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: Bush

text: could

text: be

text: trusted

text: to

text: be

text: tough

text: on

text: terrorism

text: while

text: Kerry

text: would

text: be

text: uncertain

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: danger

text: Bush

text: just

text: as

text: his

text: father

text: did

text: with

text: Dukakis

text: in

text: the

text: election

text: also

text: sought

text: to

text: portray

text: Kerry

text: as

text: a

text: Massachusetts

text: liberal

text: who

text: was

text: out

text: of

text: touch

text: with

text: mainstream

text: Americans

text: One

text: of

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: slogans

text: was

text: Stronger

text: at

text: home

text: respected

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: This

text: advanced

text: the

text: suggestion

text: that

text: Kerry

text: would

text: pay

text: more

text: attention

text: to

text: domestic

text: concerns

text: it

text: also

text: encapsulated

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: contention

text: that

text: Bush

text: had

text: alienated

text: American

text: allies

text: by

text: his

text: foreign

text: policy

question: What was the primary focus of Bush's campaign?

answer: national security

text: national security

question: How did Bush try to convey that he was the stronger, tougher candidate?

answer: presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper."

text: presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper."

question: What phrase did Kerry use to try to express that he was more concerned for America?

answer: "Stronger at home, respected in the world."

text: "Stronger at home, respected in the world."

question: What does Kerry feel Bush aliented the American people with?

answer: his foreign policy

text: his foreign policy

question: The stategy that Bush used against Kerry was compared to what other similar strategy in the past?

answer: just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election

text: just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election


text: The Sichuan government raised the minimum wage in the province by 12.5 percent at the end of December 2007. The monthly minimum wage went up from 400 to 450 yuan, with a minimum of 4.9 yuan per hour for part-time work, effective 26 December 2007. The government also reduced the four-tier minimum wage structure to three. The top tier mandates a minimum of 650 yuan per month, or 7.1 yuan per hour. National law allows each province to set minimum wages independently, but with a floor of 450 yuan per month.

title: Sichuan

title: Sichuan

text: The

text: Sichuan

text: government

text: raised

text: the

text: minimum

text: wage

text: in

text: the

text: province

text: by

text: percent

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: December

text: The

text: monthly

text: minimum

text: wage

text: went

text: up

text: from

text: to

text: yuan

text: with

text: a

text: minimum

text: of

text: yuan

text: per

text: hour

text: for

text: part

text: time

text: work

text: effective

text: December

text: The

text: government

text: also

text: reduced

text: the

text: four

text: tier

text: minimum

text: wage

text: structure

text: to

text: three

text: The

text: top

text: tier

text: mandates

text: a

text: minimum

text: of

text: yuan

text: per

text: month

text: or

text: yuan

text: per

text: hour

text: National

text: law

text: allows

text: each

text: province

text: to

text: set

text: minimum

text: wages

text: independently

text: but

text: with

text: a

text: floor

text: of

text: yuan

text: per

text: month

question: By how much did Sichuan increase minimum wage in December 2007?

answer: 12.5 percent

text: 12.5 percent

question: What was the new monthly minimum wage in Sichuan by January 2008?

answer: 450 yuan

text: 450 yuan

question: What was the minimum hourly wage in Sichuan on December 28, 2007?

answer: 4.9 yuan

text: 4.9 yuan

question: What is the national minimum monthly wage in China?

answer: 450 yuan per month

text: 450 yuan per month


text: There is usually an indication for a specific identification of an infectious agent only when such identification can aid in the treatment or prevention of the disease, or to advance knowledge of the course of an illness prior to the development of effective therapeutic or preventative measures. For example, in the early 1980s, prior to the appearance of AZT for the treatment of AIDS, the course of the disease was closely followed by monitoring the composition of patient blood samples, even though the outcome would not offer the patient any further treatment options. In part, these studies on the appearance of HIV in specific communities permitted the advancement of hypotheses as to the route of transmission of the virus. By understanding how the disease was transmitted, resources could be targeted to the communities at greatest risk in campaigns aimed at reducing the number of new infections. The specific serological diagnostic identification, and later genotypic or molecular identification, of HIV also enabled the development of hypotheses as to the temporal and geographical origins of the virus, as well as a myriad of other hypothesis. The development of molecular diagnostic tools have enabled physicians and researchers to monitor the efficacy of treatment with anti-retroviral drugs. Molecular diagnostics are now commonly used to identify HIV in healthy people long before the onset of illness and have been used to demonstrate the existence of people who are genetically resistant to HIV infection. Thus, while there still is no cure for AIDS, there is great therapeutic and predictive benefit to identifying the virus and monitoring the virus levels within the blood of infected individuals, both for the patient and for the community at large.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: There

text: is

text: usually

text: an

text: indication

text: for

text: a

text: specific

text: identification

text: of

text: an

text: infectious

text: agent

text: only

text: when

text: such

text: identification

text: can

text: aid

text: in

text: the

text: treatment

text: or

text: prevention

text: of

text: the

text: disease

text: or

text: to

text: advance

text: knowledge

text: of

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: an

text: illness

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: effective

text: therapeutic

text: or

text: preventative

text: measures

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: appearance

text: of

text: AZT

text: for

text: the

text: treatment

text: of

text: AIDS

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: disease

text: was

text: closely

text: followed

text: by

text: monitoring

text: the

text: composition

text: of

text: patient

text: blood

text: samples

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: outcome

text: would

text: not

text: offer

text: the

text: patient

text: any

text: further

text: treatment

text: options

text: In

text: part

text: these

text: studies

text: on

text: the

text: appearance

text: of

text: HIV

text: in

text: specific

text: communities

text: permitted

text: the

text: advancement

text: of

text: hypotheses

text: as

text: to

text: the

text: route

text: of

text: transmission

text: of

text: the

text: virus

text: By

text: understanding

text: how

text: the

text: disease

text: was

text: transmitted

text: resources

text: could

text: be

text: targeted

text: to

text: the

text: communities

text: at

text: greatest

text: risk

text: in

text: campaigns

text: aimed

text: at

text: reducing

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: new

text: infections

text: The

text: specific

text: serological

text: diagnostic

text: identification

text: and

text: later

text: genotypic

text: or

text: molecular

text: identification

text: of

text: HIV

text: also

text: enabled

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: hypotheses

text: as

text: to

text: the

text: temporal

text: and

text: geographical

text: origins

text: of

text: the

text: virus

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: myriad

text: of

text: other

text: hypothesis

text: The

text: development

text: of

text: molecular

text: diagnostic

text: tools

text: have

text: enabled

text: physicians

text: and

text: researchers

text: to

text: monitor

text: the

text: efficacy

text: of

text: treatment

text: with

text: anti

text: retroviral

text: drugs

text: Molecular

text: diagnostics

text: are

text: now

text: commonly

text: used

text: to

text: identify

text: HIV

text: in

text: healthy

text: people

text: long

text: before

text: the

text: onset

text: of

text: illness

text: and

text: have

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: demonstrate

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: genetically

text: resistant

text: to

text: HIV

text: infection

text: Thus

text: while

text: there

text: still

text: is

text: no

text: cure

text: for

text: AIDS

text: there

text: is

text: great

text: therapeutic

text: and

text: predictive

text: benefit

text: to

text: identifying

text: the

text: virus

text: and

text: monitoring

text: the

text: virus

text: levels

text: within

text: the

text: blood

text: of

text: infected

text: individuals

text: both

text: for

text: the

text: patient

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: community

text: at

text: large

question: What is used in the treatment of AIDS?

answer: AZT

text: AZT

question: How was the course of AIDS followed?

answer: monitoring the composition of patient blood samples

text: monitoring the composition of patient blood samples

question: What could be done by understanding how the disease was transmitted?

answer: resources could be targeted to the communities at greatest risk

text: resources could be targeted to the communities at greatest risk

question: What did the genotypic identification of HIV later enable?

answer: geographical origins of the virus

text: geographical origins of the virus

question: What is now commonly used to identify HIV in healthy people before the onset of the illnes?

answer: Molecular diagnostics

text: Molecular diagnostics


text: Archaeological finds suggest that the area has been inhabited since the stone age. Following the Roman invasion of Britain in AD 43 and the conquering of the local Britons in 70 AD the fortress settlement of Clausentum was established. It was an important trading port and defensive outpost of Winchester, at the site of modern Bitterne Manor. Clausentum was defended by a wall and two ditches and is thought to have contained a bath house. Clausentum was not abandoned until around 410.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Archaeological

text: finds

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: area

text: has

text: been

text: inhabited

text: since

text: the

text: stone

text: age

text: Following

text: the

text: Roman

text: invasion

text: of

text: Britain

text: in

text: AD

text: and

text: the

text: conquering

text: of

text: the

text: local

text: Britons

text: in

text: AD

text: the

text: fortress

text: settlement

text: of

text: Clausentum

text: was

text: established

text: It

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: trading

text: port

text: and

text: defensive

text: outpost

text: of

text: Winchester

text: at

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: modern

text: Bitterne

text: Manor

text: Clausentum

text: was

text: defended

text: by

text: a

text: wall

text: and

text: two

text: ditches

text: and

text: is

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: contained

text: a

text: bath

text: house

text: Clausentum

text: was

text: not

text: abandoned

text: until

text: around

question: What year did the Romans invade Britain?

answer: AD 43

text: AD 43

question: What ancient settlement was established after Rome invaded and the Britons were conquered?

answer: Clausentum

text: Clausentum

question: According to evidence found, in what archaeological age were there first inhabitants in the area of Southampton?

answer: stone age

text: stone age

question: What is the site of Clausentum called now?

answer: Bitterne Manor

text: Bitterne Manor

question: In addition to two ditches, what was Clausentum's defense from invaders?

answer: a wall

text: a wall


text: The marine life found here consists of anemones, urchins, sea cucumbers, and eels, which all live on the reefs along with turtles, conch and many varieties of marine fishes. The marine aquafauna is rich in conch, which has pearly-pink shells. Its meat is a favourite food supplement item and their shells are a collectors item. Other species of fish which are recorded close to the shore line in shallow waters are: sergeant majors, the blue chromis, brown chromis, surgeon fish; blue tangs and trumpet fish. On the shore are ghost crabs, which always live on the beach in small burrowed tunnels made in sand, and the hermit crabs, which live in land but lay eggs in water and which also eat garbage and sewerage. They spend some months in the sea during and after the hatching season.

title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy

title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy

text: The

text: marine

text: life

text: found

text: here

text: consists

text: of

text: anemones

text: urchins

text: sea

text: cucumbers

text: and

text: eels

text: which

text: all

text: live

text: on

text: the

text: reefs

text: along

text: with

text: turtles

text: conch

text: and

text: many

text: varieties

text: of

text: marine

text: fishes

text: The

text: marine

text: aquafauna

text: is

text: rich

text: in

text: conch

text: which

text: has

text: pearly

text: pink

text: shells

text: Its

text: meat

text: is

text: a

text: favourite

text: food

text: supplement

text: item

text: and

text: their

text: shells

text: are

text: a

text: collectors

text: item

text: Other

text: species

text: of

text: fish

text: which

text: are

text: recorded

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: shore

text: line

text: in

text: shallow

text: waters

text: are

text: sergeant

text: majors

text: the

text: blue

text: chromis

text: brown

text: chromis

text: surgeon

text: fish

text: blue

text: tangs

text: and

text: trumpet

text: fish

text: On

text: the

text: shore

text: are

text: ghost

text: crabs

text: which

text: always

text: live

text: on

text: the

text: beach

text: in

text: small

text: burrowed

text: tunnels

text: made

text: in

text: sand

text: and

text: the

text: hermit

text: crabs

text: which

text: live

text: in

text: land

text: but

text: lay

text: eggs

text: in

text: water

text: and

text: which

text: also

text: eat

text: garbage

text: and

text: sewerage

text: They

text: spend

text: some

text: months

text: in

text: the

text: sea

text: during

text: and

text: after

text: the

text: hatching

text: season

question: What color are conch shells?

answer: pearly-pink

text: pearly-pink

question: What common sea creature produces a collectable Item?

answer: conch

text: conch

question: Where are surgeonfish found in St. Barts?

answer: shallow waters

text: shallow waters

question: What kind of crabs besides hermit crabs are common on the beach in St. Barts?

answer: ghost

text: ghost

question: What do hermit crabs eat?

answer: garbage and sewerage

text: garbage and sewerage


text: The most well-known hospital in the HHC system is Bellevue Hospital, the oldest public hospital in the United States. Bellevue is the designated hospital for treatment of the President of the United States and other world leaders if they become sick or injured while in New York City. The president of HHC is Ramanathan Raju, MD, a surgeon and former CEO of the Cook County health system in Illinois.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: The

text: most

text: well

text: known

text: hospital

text: in

text: the

text: HHC

text: system

text: is

text: Bellevue

text: Hospital

text: the

text: oldest

text: public

text: hospital

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Bellevue

text: is

text: the

text: designated

text: hospital

text: for

text: treatment

text: of

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: other

text: world

text: leaders

text: if

text: they

text: become

text: sick

text: or

text: injured

text: while

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: The

text: president

text: of

text: HHC

text: is

text: Ramanathan

text: Raju

text: MD

text: a

text: surgeon

text: and

text: former

text: CEO

text: of

text: the

text: Cook

text: County

text: health

text: system

text: in

text: Illinois

question: The public hospital that has been around the longest in the US is what?

answer: Bellevue Hospital

text: Bellevue Hospital

question: Who is the president of HHC?

answer: Ramanathan Raju

text: Ramanathan Raju

question: What was the first public hospital founded in the United States?

answer: Bellevue Hospital

text: Bellevue Hospital

question: If the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom becomes sick in New York City, what hospital does he go to?

answer: Bellevue Hospital

text: Bellevue Hospital

question: Who is the HHC president?

answer: Ramanathan Raju, MD

text: Ramanathan Raju, MD

question: In what state did the president of HHC previously work?

answer: Illinois

text: Illinois

question: What was the president of HHC's previous job title?

answer: CEO

text: CEO


text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2), of which 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2) is land and 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2) is covered by water. The old city is located on a peninsula at the point where, as Charlestonians say, "The Ashley and the Cooper Rivers come together to form the Atlantic Ocean." The entire peninsula is very low, some is landfill material, and as such, frequently floods during heavy rains, storm surges, and unusually high tides. The city limits have expanded across the Ashley River from the peninsula, encompassing the majority of West Ashley as well as James Island and some of Johns Island. The city limits also have expanded across the Cooper River, encompassing Daniel Island and the Cainhoy area. North Charleston blocks any expansion up the peninsula, and Mount Pleasant occupies the land directly east of the Cooper River.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: a

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: miles

text: of

text: which

text: square

text: miles

text: is

text: land

text: and

text: square

text: miles

text: is

text: covered

text: by

text: water

text: The

text: old

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: a

text: peninsula

text: at

text: the

text: point

text: where

text: as

text: Charlestonians

text: say

text: The

text: Ashley

text: and

text: the

text: Cooper

text: Rivers

text: come

text: together

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: The

text: entire

text: peninsula

text: is

text: very

text: low

text: some

text: is

text: landfill

text: material

text: and

text: as

text: such

text: frequently

text: floods

text: during

text: heavy

text: rains

text: storm

text: surges

text: and

text: unusually

text: high

text: tides

text: The

text: city

text: limits

text: have

text: expanded

text: across

text: the

text: Ashley

text: River

text: from

text: the

text: peninsula

text: encompassing

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: West

text: Ashley

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: James

text: Island

text: and

text: some

text: of

text: Johns

text: Island

text: The

text: city

text: limits

text: also

text: have

text: expanded

text: across

text: the

text: Cooper

text: River

text: encompassing

text: Daniel

text: Island

text: and

text: the

text: Cainhoy

text: area

text: North

text: Charleston

text: blocks

text: any

text: expansion

text: up

text: the

text: peninsula

text: and

text: Mount

text: Pleasant

text: occupies

text: the

text: land

text: directly

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Cooper

text: River

question: How large is Charleston, South Carolina?

answer: 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2)

text: 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2)

question: Which city blocks Charleston for expanding up the peninsula?

answer: North Charleston

text: North Charleston

question: How much of Charleston is covered by water?

answer: 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2)

text: 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2)

question: How of Charleston's total area is dry land?

answer: 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2)

text: 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2)

question: What town occupies the land directly east of the Cooper River?

answer: Mount Pleasant

text: Mount Pleasant


text: The first great English translation was the Wycliffe Bible (ca. 1382), which showed the weaknesses of an underdeveloped English prose. Only at the end of the 15th century did the great age of English prose translation begin with Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur—an adaptation of Arthurian romances so free that it can, in fact, hardly be called a true translation. The first great Tudor translations are, accordingly, the Tyndale New Testament (1525), which influenced the Authorized Version (1611), and Lord Berners' version of Jean Froissart's Chronicles (1523–25).

title: Translation

title: Translation

text: The

text: first

text: great

text: English

text: translation

text: was

text: the

text: Wycliffe

text: Bible

text: ca

text: which

text: showed

text: the

text: weaknesses

text: of

text: an

text: underdeveloped

text: English

text: prose

text: Only

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: did

text: the

text: great

text: age

text: of

text: English

text: prose

text: translation

text: begin

text: with

text: Thomas

text: Malory

text: 's

text: Le

text: Morte

text: Darthur

text: an

text: adaptation

text: of

text: Arthurian

text: romances

text: so

text: free

text: that

text: it

text: can

text: in

text: fact

text: hardly

text: be

text: called

text: a

text: true

text: translation

text: The

text: first

text: great

text: Tudor

text: translations

text: are

text: accordingly

text: the

text: Tyndale

text: New

text: Testament

text: which

text: influenced

text: the

text: Authorized

text: Version

text: and

text: Lord

text: Berners

text: version

text: of

text: Jean

text: Froissart

text: 's

text: Chronicles

question: What was the first great English translation?

answer: Wycliffe Bible

text: Wycliffe Bible

question: When was the Wycliffe Bible translated?

answer: 1382

question: When did the age of great English prose translation begin?

answer: end of the 15th century

text: end of the 15th century

question: What adaptation of Arthurian romances took so many liberties with the source material that it could hardly be called a translation?

answer: Le Morte Darthur

text: Le Morte Darthur

question: The Tyndale New Testament was one of the first great translations from what style?

answer: Tudor

text: Tudor


text: Washington University in St. Louis (Wash. U., or WUSTL) is a private research university located in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1853, and named after George Washington, the university has students and faculty from all 50 U.S. states and more than 120 countries. Twenty-five Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Washington University, nine having done the major part of their pioneering research at the university. Washington University's undergraduate program is ranked 15th by U.S. News and World Report. The university is ranked 32nd in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities.

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

text: Washington

text: University

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Wash.

text: U.

text: or

text: WUSTL

text: is

text: a

text: private

text: research

text: university

text: located

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Missouri

text: United

text: States

text: Founded

text: in

text: and

text: named

text: after

text: George

text: Washington

text: the

text: university

text: has

text: students

text: and

text: faculty

text: from

text: all

text: U.S.

text: states

text: and

text: more

text: than

text: countries

text: Twenty

text: five

text: Nobel

text: laureates

text: have

text: been

text: affiliated

text: with

text: Washington

text: University

text: nine

text: having

text: done

text: the

text: major

text: part

text: of

text: their

text: pioneering

text: research

text: at

text: the

text: university

text: Washington

text: University

text: 's

text: undergraduate

text: program

text: is

text: ranked

text: by

text: U.S.

text: News

text: and

text: World

text: Report

text: The

text: university

text: is

text: ranked

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: the

text: Academic

text: Ranking

text: of

text: World

text: Universities

question: When was Washington University founded?

answer: 1853

question: How many Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Washington University?

answer: Twenty-five

text: Twenty-five

question: Where is Washington University ranked among Academic Ranking of World Universities?

answer: 32nd

question: For whom is Washington University named?

answer: George Washington

text: George Washington

question: How many different countries comprise the makeup of faculty and students of Washington University?

answer: 120