text: Household survey results suggest the percentage of households spending less than £20 per week on a per capita basis fell from 27% to 8% between 2000 and 2004, implying a decline in income poverty. Nevertheless, 22% of the population claimed social security benefit in 2006/7, most of them aged over 60, a sector that represents 20% of the population.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: Household

text: survey

text: results

text: suggest

text: the

text: percentage

text: of

text: households

text: spending

text: less

text: than

text: per

text: week

text: on

text: a

text: per

text: capita

text: basis

text: fell

text: from

text: to

text: between

text: and

text: implying

text: a

text: decline

text: in

text: income

text: poverty

text: Nevertheless

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: claimed

text: social

text: security

text: benefit

text: in

text: most

text: of

text: them

text: aged

text: over

text: a

text: sector

text: that

text: represents

text: of

text: the

text: population

question: What % of households were spending less than £20 per week in 2004

answer: 8%

question: What % of the population claimed social security benefits in 2006/7?

answer: 22

question: How much of the population is over age 60?

answer: 20%


text: The biologist Lynn Margulis, famous for her work on endosymbiosis, contends that symbiosis is a major driving force behind evolution. She considers Darwin's notion of evolution, driven by competition, to be incomplete and claims that evolution is strongly based on co-operation, interaction, and mutual dependence among organisms. According to Margulis and Dorion Sagan, "Life did not take over the globe by combat, but by networking."

title: Symbiosis

title: Symbiosis

text: The

text: biologist

text: Lynn

text: Margulis

text: famous

text: for

text: her

text: work

text: on

text: endosymbiosis

text: contends

text: that

text: symbiosis

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: driving

text: force

text: behind

text: evolution

text: She

text: considers

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: notion

text: of

text: evolution

text: driven

text: by

text: competition

text: to

text: be

text: incomplete

text: and

text: claims

text: that

text: evolution

text: is

text: strongly

text: based

text: on

text: co

text: operation

text: interaction

text: and

text: mutual

text: dependence

text: among

text: organisms

text: According

text: to

text: Margulis

text: and

text: Dorion

text: Sagan

text: Life

text: did

text: not

text: take

text: over

text: the

text: globe

text: by

text: combat

text: but

text: by

text: networking

question: What does Margulis think is the main driver of evolution?

answer: symbiosis

text: symbiosis

question: Who agrees with Margulis' cooperative view of evolution?

answer: Dorion Sagan

text: Dorion Sagan


text: Hydropower is produced in 150 countries, with the Asia-Pacific region generating 32 percent of global hydropower in 2010. China is the largest hydroelectricity producer, with 721 terawatt-hours of production in 2010, representing around 17 percent of domestic electricity use. There are now three hydroelectricity plants larger than 10 GW: the Three Gorges Dam in China, Itaipu Dam across the Brazil/Paraguay border, and Guri Dam in Venezuela. The cost of hydroelectricity is low, making it a competitive source of renewable electricity. The average cost of electricity from a hydro plant larger than 10 megawatts is 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour.

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Hydropower

text: is

text: produced

text: in

text: countries

text: with

text: the

text: Asia

text: Pacific

text: region

text: generating

text: percent

text: of

text: global

text: hydropower

text: in

text: China

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: hydroelectricity

text: producer

text: with

text: terawatt

text: hours

text: of

text: production

text: in

text: representing

text: around

text: percent

text: of

text: domestic

text: electricity

text: use

text: There

text: are

text: now

text: three

text: hydroelectricity

text: plants

text: larger

text: than

text: GW

text: the

text: Three

text: Gorges

text: Dam

text: in

text: China

text: Itaipu

text: Dam

text: across

text: the

text: Brazil

text: Paraguay

text: border

text: and

text: Guri

text: Dam

text: in

text: Venezuela

text: The

text: cost

text: of

text: hydroelectricity

text: is

text: low

text: making

text: it

text: a

text: competitive

text: source

text: of

text: renewable

text: electricity

text: The

text: average

text: cost

text: of

text: electricity

text: from

text: a

text: hydro

text: plant

text: larger

text: than

text: megawatts

text: is

text: to

text: U.S.

text: cents

text: per

text: kilowatt

text: hour

question: Hydropower is produced in how many countries?

answer: 150

question: Which country is the largest hydroelectricity producer?

answer: China

text: China

question: What is the average cost of electricity from a hydro plant larger than 10 megawatts?

answer: 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour

text: 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour

question: How many hydroelectricity plants are larger than 10 GW?

answer: three

text: three


text: The role and functions of the CIA are roughly equivalent to those of the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (the SIS or MI6), the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS), the Egyptian General Intelligence Service, the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) (SVR), the Indian Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), the French foreign intelligence service Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (DGSE) and Israel's Mossad. While the preceding agencies both collect and analyze information, some like the U.S. State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and Research are purely analytical agencies.[citation needed]

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

text: The

text: role

text: and

text: functions

text: of

text: the

text: CIA

text: are

text: roughly

text: equivalent

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: 's

text: Secret

text: Intelligence

text: Service

text: the

text: SIS

text: or

text: the

text: Australian

text: Secret

text: Intelligence

text: Service

text: ASIS

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: General

text: Intelligence

text: Service

text: the

text: Russian

text: Foreign

text: Intelligence

text: Service

text: Sluzhba

text: Vneshney

text: Razvedki

text: SVR

text: the

text: Indian

text: Research

text: and

text: Analysis

text: Wing

text: RAW

text: the

text: Pakistani

text: Inter

text: Services

text: Intelligence

text: ISI

text: the

text: French

text: foreign

text: intelligence

text: service

text: Direction

text: Générale

text: de

text: la

text: Sécurité

text: Extérieure

text: DGSE

text: and

text: Israel

text: 's

text: Mossad

text: While

text: the

text: preceding

text: agencies

text: both

text: collect

text: and

text: analyze

text: information

text: some

text: like

text: the

text: U.S.

text: State

text: Department

text: 's

text: Bureau

text: of

text: Intelligence

text: and

text: Research

text: are

text: purely

text: analytical

text: agencies.[citation

text: needed

question: What is the UK's equivalent to the CIA?

answer: Secret Intelligence Service

text: Secret Intelligence Service

question: What does ASIS stand for?

answer: Australian Secret Intelligence Service

text: Australian Secret Intelligence Service

question: What is the name of Israel's intelligence agency?

answer: Mossad

text: Mossad

question: What is the acronym for India's Research and Analysis Wing?

answer: RAW

text: RAW

question: What is the acronym for French's intelligence service?

answer: DGSE

text: DGSE


text: Outside of the Low Countries, it is the native language of the majority of the population of Suriname, and also holds official status in the Caribbean island nations of Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. Historical minorities on the verge of extinction remain in parts of France and Germany, and in Indonesia,[n 1] while up to half a million native speakers may reside in the United States, Canada and Australia combined.[n 2] The Cape Dutch dialects of Southern Africa have evolved into Afrikaans, a mutually intelligible daughter language[n 3] which is spoken to some degree by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia.[n 4]

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: Outside

text: of

text: the

text: Low

text: Countries

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: native

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: Suriname

text: and

text: also

text: holds

text: official

text: status

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: island

text: nations

text: of

text: Aruba

text: Curaçao

text: and

text: Sint

text: Maarten

text: Historical

text: minorities

text: on

text: the

text: verge

text: of

text: extinction

text: remain

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: France

text: and

text: Germany

text: and

text: in

text: Indonesia,[n

text: while

text: up

text: to

text: half

text: a

text: million

text: native

text: speakers

text: may

text: reside

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Canada

text: and

text: Australia

text: combined.[n

text: The

text: Cape

text: Dutch

text: dialects

text: of

text: Southern

text: Africa

text: have

text: evolved

text: into

text: Afrikaans

text: a

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: daughter

text: language[n

text: which

text: is

text: spoken

text: to

text: some

text: degree

text: by

text: at

text: least

text: million

text: people

text: mainly

text: in

text: South

text: Africa

text: and

text: Namibia.[n

question: In what place with the word "name" in it do most people speak Dutch?

answer: Suriname

text: Suriname

question: Islands in the Caribbean that include Dutch as an official language include Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and what other place?

answer: Aruba

text: Aruba

question: It's been estimated that up to what number of native Dutch speakers live in Australia, the U.S., and Canada?

answer: half a million

text: half a million

question: In Southern Africa, Dutch has developed over many years into what daughter language?

answer: Afrikaans

text: Afrikaans

question: What the low estimate for the number of people who speak Afrikaans?

answer: 16 million

text: 16 million


text: Forms of lighting include alcove lighting, which like most other uplighting is indirect. This is often done with fluorescent lighting (first available at the 1939 World's Fair) or rope light, occasionally with neon lighting, and recently with LED strip lighting. It is a form of backlighting.

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: Forms

text: of

text: lighting

text: include

text: alcove

text: lighting

text: which

text: like

text: most

text: other

text: uplighting

text: is

text: indirect

text: This

text: is

text: often

text: done

text: with

text: fluorescent

text: lighting

text: first

text: available

text: at

text: the

text: World

text: 's

text: Fair

text: or

text: rope

text: light

text: occasionally

text: with

text: neon

text: lighting

text: and

text: recently

text: with

text: LED

text: strip

text: lighting

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: backlighting

question: When was fluorescent lighting first available?

answer: 1939


text: The Paris Region is France's leading region for economic activity, with a 2012 GDP of €624 billion (US$687 billion). In 2011, its GDP ranked second among the regions of Europe and its per-capita GDP was the 4th highest in Europe. While the Paris region's population accounted for 18.8 percent of metropolitan France in 2011, the Paris region's GDP accounted for 30 percent of metropolitan France's GDP. In 2015 it hosts the world headquarters of 29 of the 31 Fortune Global 500 companies located in France.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: The

text: Paris

text: Region

text: is

text: France

text: 's

text: leading

text: region

text: for

text: economic

text: activity

text: with

text: a

text: GDP

text: of

text: billion

text: US$

text: billion

text: In

text: its

text: GDP

text: ranked

text: second

text: among

text: the

text: regions

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: its

text: per

text: capita

text: GDP

text: was

text: the

text: highest

text: in

text: Europe

text: While

text: the

text: Paris

text: region

text: 's

text: population

text: accounted

text: for

text: percent

text: of

text: metropolitan

text: France

text: in

text: the

text: Paris

text: region

text: 's

text: GDP

text: accounted

text: for

text: percent

text: of

text: metropolitan

text: France

text: 's

text: GDP

text: In

text: it

text: hosts

text: the

text: world

text: headquarters

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: Fortune

text: Global

text: companies

text: located

text: in

text: France

question: What was Paris Region's GDP in 2012?

answer: €624 billion

text: €624 billion

question: How many world headquarters of the 31 Fortune Global 500 companies are located in Paris?

answer: 29

question: What percentage of Frances GDP is made up from the Paris Region's GDP?

answer: 30


text: French cuisine, West Indian cuisine, Creole cuisine, Italian cuisine and Asian cuisine are common in St. Barthélemy. The island has over 70 restaurants serving many dishes and others are a significant number of gourmet restaurants; many of the finest restaurants are located in the hotels. There are also a number of snack restaurants which the French call "les snacks" or "les petits creux" which include sandwiches, pizzas and salads. West Indian cuisine, steamed vegetables with fresh fish is common; Creole dishes tend to be spicier. The island hosts gastronomic events throughout the year, with dishes such as spring roll of shrimp and bacon, fresh grilled lobster, Chinese noodle salad with coconut milk, and grilled beef fillet etc.

title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy

title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy

text: French

text: cuisine

text: West

text: Indian

text: cuisine

text: Creole

text: cuisine

text: Italian

text: cuisine

text: and

text: Asian

text: cuisine

text: are

text: common

text: in

text: St.

text: Barthélemy

text: The

text: island

text: has

text: over

text: restaurants

text: serving

text: many

text: dishes

text: and

text: others

text: are

text: a

text: significant

text: number

text: of

text: gourmet

text: restaurants

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: finest

text: restaurants

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: hotels

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: snack

text: restaurants

text: which

text: the

text: French

text: call

text: les

text: snacks

text: or

text: les

text: petits

text: creux

text: which

text: include

text: sandwiches

text: pizzas

text: and

text: salads

text: West

text: Indian

text: cuisine

text: steamed

text: vegetables

text: with

text: fresh

text: fish

text: is

text: common

text: Creole

text: dishes

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: spicier

text: The

text: island

text: hosts

text: gastronomic

text: events

text: throughout

text: the

text: year

text: with

text: dishes

text: such

text: as

text: spring

text: roll

text: of

text: shrimp

text: and

text: bacon

text: fresh

text: grilled

text: lobster

text: Chinese

text: noodle

text: salad

text: with

text: coconut

text: milk

text: and

text: grilled

text: beef

text: fillet

text: etc

question: How many restaurants does the island have?

answer: over 70

text: over 70

question: Where are most of the nice restaurants located?

answer: in the hotels

text: in the hotels

question: What do the French call snack restaurants besides les snacks?

answer: les petits creux

text: les petits creux

question: Creole food is often what?

answer: spicier

text: spicier

question: What type of cuisine related events does the island host each year?

answer: gastronomic

text: gastronomic


text: England qualified for the 1970 FIFA World Cup in Mexico as reigning champions, and reached the quarter-finals, where they were knocked out by West Germany. England had been 2–0 up, but were eventually beaten 3–2 after extra time. They failed in qualification for the 1974, leading to Ramsey's dismissal, and 1978 FIFA World Cups. Under Ron Greenwood, they managed to qualify for the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain (the first time competitively since 1962); despite not losing a game, they were eliminated in the second group stage.

title: England_national_football_team

title: England_national_football_team

text: England

text: qualified

text: for

text: the

text: FIFA

text: World

text: Cup

text: in

text: Mexico

text: as

text: reigning

text: champions

text: and

text: reached

text: the

text: quarter

text: finals

text: where

text: they

text: were

text: knocked

text: out

text: by

text: West

text: Germany

text: England

text: had

text: been

text: up

text: but

text: were

text: eventually

text: beaten

text: after

text: extra

text: time

text: They

text: failed

text: in

text: qualification

text: for

text: the

text: leading

text: to

text: Ramsey

text: 's

text: dismissal

text: and

text: FIFA

text: World

text: Cups

text: Under

text: Ron

text: Greenwood

text: they

text: managed

text: to

text: qualify

text: for

text: the

text: FIFA

text: World

text: Cup

text: in

text: Spain

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: competitively

text: since

text: despite

text: not

text: losing

text: a

text: game

text: they

text: were

text: eliminated

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: group

text: stage

question: A defeat by which team eliminated England from the 1970 FIFA World Cup?

answer: West Germany

text: West Germany

question: What was the final score of England's last match of the 1970 FIFA World Cup?

answer: 3–2

question: In which year did England fail to qualify for the FIFA World Cup resulting in Ramsey's dismissal?

answer: 1974

question: Where did the 1970 FIFA World Cup take place?

answer: Mexico

text: Mexico

question: Where did the 1982 FIFA World Cup take place?

answer: Spain

text: Spain


text: Cardinal priests are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church, ranking above the cardinal deacons and below the cardinal bishops. Those who are named cardinal priests today are generally bishops of important dioceses throughout the world, though some hold Curial positions.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: Cardinal

text: priests

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: numerous

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: orders

text: of

text: cardinals

text: in

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: ranking

text: above

text: the

text: cardinal

text: deacons

text: and

text: below

text: the

text: cardinal

text: bishops

text: Those

text: who

text: are

text: named

text: cardinal

text: priests

text: today

text: are

text: generally

text: bishops

text: of

text: important

text: dioceses

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: though

text: some

text: hold

text: Curial

text: positions

question: Who are the lowest ranking cardinals in the Catholic church?

answer: cardinal deacons

text: cardinal deacons

question: Who are the highest ranking cardinals in the Catholic Church?

answer: cardinal bishops

text: cardinal bishops

question: Which rank has the most cardinals?

answer: Cardinal priests

text: Cardinal priests


text: Strasbourg, well known as centre of humanism, has a long history of excellence in higher-education, at the crossroads of French and German intellectual traditions. Although Strasbourg had been annexed by the Kingdom of France in 1683, it still remained connected to the German-speaking intellectual world throughout the 18th century and the university attracted numerous students from the Holy Roman Empire, including Goethe, Metternich and Montgelas, who studied law in Strasbourg, among the most prominent. Nowadays, Strasbourg is known to offer among the best university courses in France, after Paris.

title: Strasbourg

title: Strasbourg

text: Strasbourg

text: well

text: known

text: as

text: centre

text: of

text: humanism

text: has

text: a

text: long

text: history

text: of

text: excellence

text: in

text: higher

text: education

text: at

text: the

text: crossroads

text: of

text: French

text: and

text: German

text: intellectual

text: traditions

text: Although

text: Strasbourg

text: had

text: been

text: annexed

text: by

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: France

text: in

text: it

text: still

text: remained

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: German

text: speaking

text: intellectual

text: world

text: throughout

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: the

text: university

text: attracted

text: numerous

text: students

text: from

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: including

text: Goethe

text: Metternich

text: and

text: Montgelas

text: who

text: studied

text: law

text: in

text: Strasbourg

text: among

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: Nowadays

text: Strasbourg

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: offer

text: among

text: the

text: best

text: university

text: courses

text: in

text: France

text: after

text: Paris

question: What is Strasbourg known as?

answer: centre of humanism

text: centre of humanism

question: When was Strasbourg annexed by the Kingdom of France?

answer: 1683

question: What did Montgelas study?

answer: law

text: law

question: From what empire did students come from to attend university?

answer: Holy Roman Empire

text: Holy Roman Empire


text: Instruments were marketed by teacher-dealers, much as the title character in the popular musical The Music Man. Often, these teacher-dealers conducted mandolin orchestras: groups of 4-50 musicians who played various mandolin family instruments. However, alongside the teacher-dealers were serious musicians, working to create a spot for the instrument in classical music, ragtime and jazz. Like the teacher-dealers, they traveled the U.S., recording records, giving performances and teaching individuals and mandolin orchestras. Samuel Siegel played mandolin in Vaudeville and became one of America's preeminent mandolinists. Seth Weeks was an African American who not only taught and performed in the United States, but also in Europe, where he recorded records. Another pioneering African American musician and director who made his start with a mandolin orchestra was composer James Reese Europe. W. Eugene Page toured the country with a group, and was well known for his mandolin and mandola performances. Other names include Valentine Abt, Samuel Adelstein, William Place, Jr., and Aubrey Stauffer.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: Instruments

text: were

text: marketed

text: by

text: teacher

text: dealers

text: much

text: as

text: the

text: title

text: character

text: in

text: the

text: popular

text: musical

text: The

text: Music

text: Man

text: Often

text: these

text: teacher

text: dealers

text: conducted

text: mandolin

text: orchestras

text: groups

text: of

text: musicians

text: who

text: played

text: various

text: mandolin

text: family

text: instruments

text: However

text: alongside

text: the

text: teacher

text: dealers

text: were

text: serious

text: musicians

text: working

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: spot

text: for

text: the

text: instrument

text: in

text: classical

text: music

text: ragtime

text: and

text: jazz

text: Like

text: the

text: teacher

text: dealers

text: they

text: traveled

text: the

text: U.S.

text: recording

text: records

text: giving

text: performances

text: and

text: teaching

text: individuals

text: and

text: mandolin

text: orchestras

text: Samuel

text: Siegel

text: played

text: mandolin

text: in

text: Vaudeville

text: and

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: preeminent

text: mandolinists

text: Seth

text: Weeks

text: was

text: an

text: African

text: American

text: who

text: not

text: only

text: taught

text: and

text: performed

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Europe

text: where

text: he

text: recorded

text: records

text: Another

text: pioneering

text: African

text: American

text: musician

text: and

text: director

text: who

text: made

text: his

text: start

text: with

text: a

text: mandolin

text: orchestra

text: was

text: composer

text: James

text: Reese

text: Europe

text: W.

text: Eugene

text: Page

text: toured

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: a

text: group

text: and

text: was

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: mandolin

text: and

text: mandola

text: performances

text: Other

text: names

text: include

text: Valentine

text: Abt

text: Samuel

text: Adelstein

text: William

text: Place

text: Jr.

text: and

text: Aubrey

text: Stauffer

question: What popular musical casted a teacher-dealer?

answer: The Music Man

text: The Music Man

question: What did these teacher-dealers often conduct?

answer: mandolin orchestras

text: mandolin orchestras

question: How many people were usually in these teacher-dealer orchestras?

answer: 4-50 musicians

text: 4-50 musicians

question: Who played the mandolin in Vaudeville?

answer: Samuel Siegel

text: Samuel Siegel

question: Who was the famous African American musican and director?

answer: composer James Reese Europe.

text: composer James Reese Europe.


text: Universal could seldom afford its own stable of stars, and often borrowed talent from other studios, or hired freelance actors. In addition to Stewart and Dietrich, Margaret Sullavan, and Bing Crosby were two of the major names that made a couple of pictures for Universal during this period. Some stars came from radio, including Edgar Bergen, W. C. Fields, and the comedy team of Abbott and Costello (Bud Abbott and Lou Costello). Abbott and Costello's military comedy Buck Privates (1941) gave the former burlesque comedians a national and international profile.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: Universal

text: could

text: seldom

text: afford

text: its

text: own

text: stable

text: of

text: stars

text: and

text: often

text: borrowed

text: talent

text: from

text: other

text: studios

text: or

text: hired

text: freelance

text: actors

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: Stewart

text: and

text: Dietrich

text: Margaret

text: Sullavan

text: and

text: Bing

text: Crosby

text: were

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: names

text: that

text: made

text: a

text: couple

text: of

text: pictures

text: for

text: Universal

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: Some

text: stars

text: came

text: from

text: radio

text: including

text: Edgar

text: Bergen

text: W.

text: C.

text: Fields

text: and

text: the

text: comedy

text: team

text: of

text: Abbott

text: and

text: Costello

text: Bud

text: Abbott

text: and

text: Lou

text: Costello

text: Abbott

text: and

text: Costello

text: 's

text: military

text: comedy

text: Buck

text: Privates

text: gave

text: the

text: former

text: burlesque

text: comedians

text: a

text: national

text: and

text: international

text: profile

question: What two performers were known as the team Abbott and Costello?

answer: Bud Abbott and Lou Costello

text: Bud Abbott and Lou Costello

question: What military comedy did Bud Abbott and Lou Costello star in?

answer: Buck Privates

text: Buck Privates

question: Along with Abbott and Costello and Edgar Bergen, what radio star appeared in Universal films?

answer: W. C. Fields

text: W. C. Fields


text: The Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service (COATS) consists of officers and non-commissioned members who conduct training, safety, supervision and administration of nearly 60,000 cadets aged 12 to 18 years in the Canadian Cadet Movement. The majority of members in COATS are officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre (CIC) branch of the CAF. Members of the Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS who are not employed part-time (Class A) or full-time (Class B) may be held on the "Cadet Instructor Supplementary Staff List" (CISS List) in anticipation of employment in the same manner as other reservists are held as members of the Supplementary Reserve.

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

text: The

text: Cadet

text: Organizations

text: Administration

text: and

text: Training

text: Service

text: COATS

text: consists

text: of

text: officers

text: and

text: non

text: commissioned

text: members

text: who

text: conduct

text: training

text: safety

text: supervision

text: and

text: administration

text: of

text: nearly

text: cadets

text: aged

text: to

text: years

text: in

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Cadet

text: Movement

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: members

text: in

text: COATS

text: are

text: officers

text: of

text: the

text: Cadet

text: Instructors

text: Cadre

text: CIC

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: CAF

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: Reserve

text: Force

text: Sub

text: Component

text: COATS

text: who

text: are

text: not

text: employed

text: part

text: time

text: Class

text: A

text: or

text: full

text: time

text: Class

text: B

text: may

text: be

text: held

text: on

text: the

text: Cadet

text: Instructor

text: Supplementary

text: Staff

text: List

text: CISS

text: List

text: in

text: anticipation

text: of

text: employment

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: manner

text: as

text: other

text: reservists

text: are

text: held

text: as

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Supplementary

text: Reserve

question: Who conducts training of the cadets?

answer: Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service

text: Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service

question: What age are the cadets in the Canadian Cadet Movement?

answer: 12 to 18 years

text: 12 to 18 years

question: What branch are the majority of COATS members?

answer: officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre

text: officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre

question: Who is eligible to serve as a COATS trainer?

answer: Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS

text: Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS


text: With this contribution of von Neumann, the axiomatic system of the theory of sets became fully satisfactory, and the next question was whether or not it was also definitive, and not subject to improvement. A strongly negative answer arrived in September 1930 at the historic mathematical Congress of Königsberg, in which Kurt Gödel announced his first theorem of incompleteness: the usual axiomatic systems are incomplete, in the sense that they cannot prove every truth which is expressible in their language. This result was sufficiently innovative as to confound the majority of mathematicians of the time.

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: With

text: this

text: contribution

text: of

text: von

text: Neumann

text: the

text: axiomatic

text: system

text: of

text: the

text: theory

text: of

text: sets

text: became

text: fully

text: satisfactory

text: and

text: the

text: next

text: question

text: was

text: whether

text: or

text: not

text: it

text: was

text: also

text: definitive

text: and

text: not

text: subject

text: to

text: improvement

text: A

text: strongly

text: negative

text: answer

text: arrived

text: in

text: September

text: at

text: the

text: historic

text: mathematical

text: Congress

text: of

text: Königsberg

text: in

text: which

text: Kurt

text: Gödel

text: announced

text: his

text: first

text: theorem

text: of

text: incompleteness

text: the

text: usual

text: axiomatic

text: systems

text: are

text: incomplete

text: in

text: the

text: sense

text: that

text: they

text: can

text: not

text: prove

text: every

text: truth

text: which

text: is

text: expressible

text: in

text: their

text: language

text: This

text: result

text: was

text: sufficiently

text: innovative

text: as

text: to

text: confound

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: mathematicians

text: of

text: the

text: time

question: In 1930 who gave a strongly negative answer to Von Neuman's approach to the axiomatic system of theory of sets?

answer: Kurt Gödel

text: Kurt Gödel

question: What was the central theme of Godel's announcement that the axiomatic system was not complete?

answer: they cannot prove every truth which is expressible in their language

text: they cannot prove every truth which is expressible in their language

question: Where was Godel's statement about axiomatic system made in 1930?

answer: Congress of Königsberg

text: Congress of Königsberg


text: Greenware ceramics made from celadon had been made in the area since the 3rd-century Jin dynasty, but it returned to prominence—particularly in Longquan—during the Southern Song and Yuan. Longquan greenware is characterized by a thick unctuous glaze of a particular bluish-green tint over an otherwise undecorated light-grey porcellaneous body that is delicately potted. Yuan Longquan celadons feature a thinner, greener glaze on increasingly large vessels with decoration and shapes derived from Middle Eastern ceramic and metalwares. These were produced in large quantities for the Chinese export trade to Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and (during the Ming) Europe. By the Ming, however, production was notably deficient in quality. It is in this period that the Longquan kilns declined, to be eventually replaced in popularity and ceramic production by the kilns of Jingdezhen in Jiangxi.

title: Zhejiang

title: Zhejiang

text: Greenware

text: ceramics

text: made

text: from

text: celadon

text: had

text: been

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: since

text: the

text: century

text: Jin

text: dynasty

text: but

text: it

text: returned

text: to

text: prominence

text: particularly

text: in

text: Longquan

text: during

text: the

text: Southern

text: Song

text: and

text: Yuan

text: Longquan

text: greenware

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: a

text: thick

text: unctuous

text: glaze

text: of

text: a

text: particular

text: bluish

text: green

text: tint

text: over

text: an

text: otherwise

text: undecorated

text: light

text: grey

text: porcellaneous

text: body

text: that

text: is

text: delicately

text: potted

text: Yuan

text: Longquan

text: celadons

text: feature

text: a

text: thinner

text: greener

text: glaze

text: on

text: increasingly

text: large

text: vessels

text: with

text: decoration

text: and

text: shapes

text: derived

text: from

text: Middle

text: Eastern

text: ceramic

text: and

text: metalwares

text: These

text: were

text: produced

text: in

text: large

text: quantities

text: for

text: the

text: Chinese

text: export

text: trade

text: to

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: during

text: the

text: Ming

text: Europe

text: By

text: the

text: Ming

text: however

text: production

text: was

text: notably

text: deficient

text: in

text: quality

text: It

text: is

text: in

text: this

text: period

text: that

text: the

text: Longquan

text: kilns

text: declined

text: to

text: be

text: eventually

text: replaced

text: in

text: popularity

text: and

text: ceramic

text: production

text: by

text: the

text: kilns

text: of

text: Jingdezhen

text: in

text: Jiangxi

question: What were greenware ceramics made from?

answer: celadon

text: celadon

question: What color tint is Longquan greenware characterized by?

answer: bluish-green

text: bluish-green

question: What period did Longquan ceramics decline?

answer: the Ming

text: the Ming

question: What kilns were Longquan kilns replaced by in popularity and production?

answer: Jingdezhen in Jiangxi

text: Jingdezhen in Jiangxi

question: What decorations are Yuan Longquan celadons derived from?

answer: Middle Eastern

text: Middle Eastern


text: The primary motivation for migration appears to be food; for example, some hummingbirds choose not to migrate if fed through the winter. Also, the longer days of the northern summer provide extended time for breeding birds to feed their young. This helps diurnal birds to produce larger clutches than related non-migratory species that remain in the tropics. As the days shorten in autumn, the birds return to warmer regions where the available food supply varies little with the season.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: The

text: primary

text: motivation

text: for

text: migration

text: appears

text: to

text: be

text: food

text: for

text: example

text: some

text: hummingbirds

text: choose

text: not

text: to

text: migrate

text: if

text: fed

text: through

text: the

text: winter

text: Also

text: the

text: longer

text: days

text: of

text: the

text: northern

text: summer

text: provide

text: extended

text: time

text: for

text: breeding

text: birds

text: to

text: feed

text: their

text: young

text: This

text: helps

text: diurnal

text: birds

text: to

text: produce

text: larger

text: clutches

text: than

text: related

text: non

text: migratory

text: species

text: that

text: remain

text: in

text: the

text: tropics

text: As

text: the

text: days

text: shorten

text: in

text: autumn

text: the

text: birds

text: return

text: to

text: warmer

text: regions

text: where

text: the

text: available

text: food

text: supply

text: varies

text: little

text: with

text: the

text: season

question: What is the primary motivation for migration?

answer: food

text: food

question: Which birds will not migrate if they are well fed through winter?

answer: hummingbirds

text: hummingbirds

question: When do the birds return to warmer regions?

answer: autumn

text: autumn

question: what do the longer days of summer provide the birds?

answer: time for breeding birds to feed their young.

text: time for breeding birds to feed their young.

question: What do diurnal birds produce as opposed to non migratory species?

answer: larger clutches

text: larger clutches


text: The Cardinal Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, assisted by the Vice-Camerlengo and the other prelates of the office known as the Apostolic Camera, has functions that in essence are limited to a period of sede vacante of the papacy. He is to collate information about the financial situation of all administrations dependent on the Holy See and present the results to the College of Cardinals, as they gather for the papal conclave.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: The

text: Cardinal

text: Camerlengo

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Church

text: assisted

text: by

text: the

text: Vice

text: Camerlengo

text: and

text: the

text: other

text: prelates

text: of

text: the

text: office

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Apostolic

text: Camera

text: has

text: functions

text: that

text: in

text: essence

text: are

text: limited

text: to

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: sede

text: vacante

text: of

text: the

text: papacy

text: He

text: is

text: to

text: collate

text: information

text: about

text: the

text: financial

text: situation

text: of

text: all

text: administrations

text: dependent

text: on

text: the

text: Holy

text: See

text: and

text: present

text: the

text: results

text: to

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: as

text: they

text: gather

text: for

text: the

text: papal

text: conclave

question: In the time between electing new popes, what is the duty of the cardinal?

answer: collate information about the financial situation of all administrations dependent on the Holy See and present the results to the College of Cardinals

text: collate information about the financial situation of all administrations dependent on the Holy See and present the results to the College of Cardinals


text: During the three years following its inception, the university bore three different names. The board first approved "Eliot Seminary," but William Eliot was uncomfortable with naming a university after himself and objected to the establishment of a seminary, which would implicitly be charged with teaching a religious faith. He favored a nonsectarian university. In 1854, the Board of Trustees changed the name to "Washington Institute" in honor of George Washington. Naming the University after the nation's first president, only seven years before the American Civil War and during a time of bitter national division, was no coincidence. During this time of conflict, Americans universally admired George Washington as the father of the United States and a symbol of national unity. The Board of Trustees believed that the university should be a force of unity in a strongly divided Missouri. In 1856, the University amended its name to "Washington University." The university amended its name once more in 1976, when the Board of Trustees voted to add the suffix "in St. Louis" to distinguish the university from the nearly two dozen other universities bearing Washington's name.

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

text: During

text: the

text: three

text: years

text: following

text: its

text: inception

text: the

text: university

text: bore

text: three

text: different

text: names

text: The

text: board

text: first

text: approved

text: Eliot

text: Seminary

text: but

text: William

text: Eliot

text: was

text: uncomfortable

text: with

text: naming

text: a

text: university

text: after

text: himself

text: and

text: objected

text: to

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: a

text: seminary

text: which

text: would

text: implicitly

text: be

text: charged

text: with

text: teaching

text: a

text: religious

text: faith

text: He

text: favored

text: a

text: nonsectarian

text: university

text: In

text: the

text: Board

text: of

text: Trustees

text: changed

text: the

text: name

text: to

text: Washington

text: Institute

text: in

text: honor

text: of

text: George

text: Washington

text: Naming

text: the

text: University

text: after

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: first

text: president

text: only

text: seven

text: years

text: before

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: and

text: during

text: a

text: time

text: of

text: bitter

text: national

text: division

text: was

text: no

text: coincidence

text: During

text: this

text: time

text: of

text: conflict

text: Americans

text: universally

text: admired

text: George

text: Washington

text: as

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: a

text: symbol

text: of

text: national

text: unity

text: The

text: Board

text: of

text: Trustees

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: university

text: should

text: be

text: a

text: force

text: of

text: unity

text: in

text: a

text: strongly

text: divided

text: Missouri

text: In

text: the

text: University

text: amended

text: its

text: name

text: to

text: Washington

text: University

text: The

text: university

text: amended

text: its

text: name

text: once

text: more

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: Board

text: of

text: Trustees

text: voted

text: to

text: add

text: the

text: suffix

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: to

text: distinguish

text: the

text: university

text: from

text: the

text: nearly

text: two

text: dozen

text: other

text: universities

text: bearing

text: Washington

text: 's

text: name

question: What was one of the names that was initially considered for Washington University in St. Louis?

answer: Eliot Seminary

text: Eliot Seminary

question: What name was selected by the Board of Trustees in 1854 for Washington University?

answer: Washington Institute

text: Washington Institute

question: Why did the Board of Trustees choose to name Washing University after George Washington?

answer: The Board of Trustees believed that the university should be a force of unity in a strongly divided Missouri

text: The Board of Trustees believed that the university should be a force of unity in a strongly divided Missouri

question: When was the name Washington University amended?

answer: 1856

question: When was the suffix "in St. Louis" added to Washington University?

answer: 1976


text: Today, most commercial web browsers are paid by search engine companies to make their engine default, or to include them as another option. For example, Google pays Mozilla, the maker of Firefox, to make Google Search the default search engine in Firefox. Mozilla makes enough money from this deal that it does not need to charge users for Firefox. In addition, Google Search is also (as one would expect) the default search engine in Google Chrome. Users searching for websites or items on the Internet would be led to Google's search results page, increasing ad revenue and which funds development at Google and of Google Chrome.

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: Today

text: most

text: commercial

text: web

text: browsers

text: are

text: paid

text: by

text: search

text: engine

text: companies

text: to

text: make

text: their

text: engine

text: default

text: or

text: to

text: include

text: them

text: as

text: another

text: option

text: For

text: example

text: Google

text: pays

text: Mozilla

text: the

text: maker

text: of

text: Firefox

text: to

text: make

text: Google

text: Search

text: the

text: default

text: search

text: engine

text: in

text: Firefox

text: Mozilla

text: makes

text: enough

text: money

text: from

text: this

text: deal

text: that

text: it

text: does

text: not

text: need

text: to

text: charge

text: users

text: for

text: Firefox

text: In

text: addition

text: Google

text: Search

text: is

text: also

text: as

text: one

text: would

text: expect

text: the

text: default

text: search

text: engine

text: in

text: Google

text: Chrome

text: Users

text: searching

text: for

text: websites

text: or

text: items

text: on

text: the

text: Internet

text: would

text: be

text: led

text: to

text: Google

text: 's

text: search

text: results

text: page

text: increasing

text: ad

text: revenue

text: and

text: which

text: funds

text: development

text: at

text: Google

text: and

text: of

text: Google

text: Chrome

question: Which company pays Firefox to make their search engine the default on their browser?

answer: Google

text: Google

question: What other browser has Google as the default search engine?

answer: Chrome

text: Chrome

question: The increased revenue funds what, in addition to Google?

answer: Google Chrome

text: Google Chrome


text: While antibiotics are beneficial in certain types of acute diarrhea, they are usually not used except in specific situations. There are concerns that antibiotics may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome in people infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7. In resource-poor countries, treatment with antibiotics may be beneficial. However, some bacteria are developing antibiotic resistance, particularly Shigella. Antibiotics can also cause diarrhea, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea is the most common adverse effect of treatment with general antibiotics.

title: Diarrhea

title: Diarrhea

text: While

text: antibiotics

text: are

text: beneficial

text: in

text: certain

text: types

text: of

text: acute

text: diarrhea

text: they

text: are

text: usually

text: not

text: used

text: except

text: in

text: specific

text: situations

text: There

text: are

text: concerns

text: that

text: antibiotics

text: may

text: increase

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: hemolytic

text: uremic

text: syndrome

text: in

text: people

text: infected

text: with

text: Escherichia

text: coli

text: In

text: resource

text: poor

text: countries

text: treatment

text: with

text: antibiotics

text: may

text: be

text: beneficial

text: However

text: some

text: bacteria

text: are

text: developing

text: antibiotic

text: resistance

text: particularly

text: Shigella

text: Antibiotics

text: can

text: also

text: cause

text: diarrhea

text: and

text: antibiotic

text: associated

text: diarrhea

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: adverse

text: effect

text: of

text: treatment

text: with

text: general

text: antibiotics

question: Are antibiotics used in diarrhea instances?

answer: they are usually not used except in specific situations

text: they are usually not used except in specific situations

question: What are the concerns with anitbiotics?

answer: may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome in people infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7

text: may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome in people infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7

question: What are bacteria doing that makes them not work as well?

answer: some bacteria are developing antibiotic resistance

text: some bacteria are developing antibiotic resistance


text: Back in America the scene had still not progressed beyond a small number of clubs in Chicago, Detroit, Newark and New York City. However, many independent Chicago-based record labels were making appearances on the Dance Chart with their releases. In the UK, any house song released by a Chicago-based label was routinely considered a must play at many clubs playing house music. Paradise Garage in New York City was still a top club. The emergence of Todd Terry, a pioneer of the genre, was important in America. His cover of Class Action's Larry Levan mixed "Weekend" demonstrated the continuum from the underground disco to a new house sound with hip-hop influences evident in the quicker sampling and the more rugged bass-line.

title: House_music

title: House_music

text: Back

text: in

text: America

text: the

text: scene

text: had

text: still

text: not

text: progressed

text: beyond

text: a

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: clubs

text: in

text: Chicago

text: Detroit

text: Newark

text: and

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: However

text: many

text: independent

text: Chicago

text: based

text: record

text: labels

text: were

text: making

text: appearances

text: on

text: the

text: Dance

text: Chart

text: with

text: their

text: releases

text: In

text: the

text: UK

text: any

text: house

text: song

text: released

text: by

text: a

text: Chicago

text: based

text: label

text: was

text: routinely

text: considered

text: a

text: must

text: play

text: at

text: many

text: clubs

text: playing

text: house

text: music

text: Paradise

text: Garage

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: was

text: still

text: a

text: top

text: club

text: The

text: emergence

text: of

text: Todd

text: Terry

text: a

text: pioneer

text: of

text: the

text: genre

text: was

text: important

text: in

text: America

text: His

text: cover

text: of

text: Class

text: Action

text: 's

text: Larry

text: Levan

text: mixed

text: Weekend

text: demonstrated

text: the

text: continuum

text: from

text: the

text: underground

text: disco

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: house

text: sound

text: with

text: hip

text: hop

text: influences

text: evident

text: in

text: the

text: quicker

text: sampling

text: and

text: the

text: more

text: rugged

text: bass

text: line

question: what was a top club for house music in new york city?

answer: Paradise Garage

text: Paradise Garage

question: who was a pioneer of the genre in america?

answer: Todd Terry

text: Todd Terry

question: what hit house song did todd terry cover?

answer: Weekend

text: Weekend

question: what new influences led to a new house sound?

answer: hip-hop influences

text: hip-hop influences

question: what was different about the bass-line in the hip-hop influenced house songs?

answer: more rugged

text: more rugged


text: On the 1st of January 1901 the nation-state of Australia officially came into existence as a federation. The Australian continent was colonised by the United Kingdom in 1788, which subsequently established six, eventually self-governing, colonies there. In the 1890s the governments of these colonies all held referendums on becoming a unified, self-governing "Commonwealth" within the British Empire. When all the colonies voted in favour of federation, the Federation of Australia commenced, resulting in the establishment of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. The model of Australian federalism adheres closely to the original model of the United States of America, although it does so through a parliamentary Westminster system rather than a presidential system.

title: Federalism

title: Federalism

text: On

text: the

text: of

text: January

text: the

text: nation

text: state

text: of

text: Australia

text: officially

text: came

text: into

text: existence

text: as

text: a

text: federation

text: The

text: Australian

text: continent

text: was

text: colonised

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: which

text: subsequently

text: established

text: six

text: eventually

text: self

text: governing

text: colonies

text: there

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: governments

text: of

text: these

text: colonies

text: all

text: held

text: referendums

text: on

text: becoming

text: a

text: unified

text: self

text: governing

text: Commonwealth

text: within

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: When

text: all

text: the

text: colonies

text: voted

text: in

text: favour

text: of

text: federation

text: the

text: Federation

text: of

text: Australia

text: commenced

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: in

text: The

text: model

text: of

text: Australian

text: federalism

text: adheres

text: closely

text: to

text: the

text: original

text: model

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: although

text: it

text: does

text: so

text: through

text: a

text: parliamentary

text: Westminster

text: system

text: rather

text: than

text: a

text: presidential

text: system

question: What happened on January 1st 1901?

answer: nation-state of Australia officially came into existence as a federation

text: nation-state of Australia officially came into existence as a federation

question: When did the United Kingdom colonized the Australian continent?

answer: 1788

question: Which model is of federalism is similar to the federalism model in Australia?

answer: United States of America

text: United States of America

question: What was established when Australia was colonized?

answer: six, eventually self-governing, colonies

text: six, eventually self-governing, colonies


text: The Thuringian population has a significant sex ratio gap, caused by the emigration of young women, especially in rural areas. Overall, there are 115 to 120 men per 100 women in the 25–40 age group ("family founders") which has negative consequences for the birth ratio. Furthermore, the population is getting older and older with some rural municipalities recording more than 30% of over-65s (pensioners). This is a problem for the regional labour market, as there are twice as many people leaving as entering the job market annually.

title: Thuringia

title: Thuringia

text: The

text: Thuringian

text: population

text: has

text: a

text: significant

text: sex

text: ratio

text: gap

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: emigration

text: of

text: young

text: women

text: especially

text: in

text: rural

text: areas

text: Overall

text: there

text: are

text: to

text: men

text: per

text: women

text: in

text: the

text: age

text: group

text: family

text: founders

text: which

text: has

text: negative

text: consequences

text: for

text: the

text: birth

text: ratio

text: Furthermore

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: getting

text: older

text: and

text: older

text: with

text: some

text: rural

text: municipalities

text: recording

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: pensioners

text: This

text: is

text: a

text: problem

text: for

text: the

text: regional

text: labour

text: market

text: as

text: there

text: are

text: twice

text: as

text: many

text: people

text: leaving

text: as

text: entering

text: the

text: job

text: market

text: annually

question: What is the sex ratio gap in Thuringia?

answer: 115 to 120 men per 100 women

text: 115 to 120 men per 100 women

question: What caused the wide sex ratio gap in Thuringia?

answer: emigration of young women

text: emigration of young women

question: How many citizens of Thuringia are over the age of 65?

answer: more than 30%

text: more than 30%

question: What is the problem facing the job market in Thuringia?

answer: there are twice as many people leaving as entering the job market annually.

text: there are twice as many people leaving as entering the job market annually.


text: In 2006, the animal rights organization People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), criticized Beyoncé for wearing and using fur in her clothing line House of Deréon. In 2011, she appeared on the cover of French fashion magazine L'Officiel, in blackface and tribal makeup that drew criticism from the media. A statement released from a spokesperson for the magazine said that Beyoncé's look was "far from the glamorous Sasha Fierce" and that it was "a return to her African roots".

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: In

text: the

text: animal

text: rights

text: organization

text: People

text: for

text: the

text: Ethical

text: Treatment

text: of

text: Animals

text: PETA

text: criticized

text: Beyoncé

text: for

text: wearing

text: and

text: using

text: fur

text: in

text: her

text: clothing

text: line

text: House

text: of

text: Deréon

text: In

text: she

text: appeared

text: on

text: the

text: cover

text: of

text: French

text: fashion

text: magazine

text: L'Officiel

text: in

text: blackface

text: and

text: tribal

text: makeup

text: that

text: drew

text: criticism

text: from

text: the

text: media

text: A

text: statement

text: released

text: from

text: a

text: spokesperson

text: for

text: the

text: magazine

text: said

text: that

text: Beyoncé

text: 's

text: look

text: was

text: far

text: from

text: the

text: glamorous

text: Sasha

text: Fierce

text: and

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: a

text: return

text: to

text: her

text: African

text: roots

question: Beyonce has a clothing line known as what?

answer: House of Deréon

text: House of Deréon

question: Which French magazine did Beyonce show up on the cover of?

answer: L'Officiel

text: L'Officiel

question: Beyonce was seen wearing what on the french magazine that caused controversy?

answer: blackface and tribal makeup

text: blackface and tribal makeup

question: Which year did PETA spark controversy with Beyonce?

answer: 2006

question: What did PETA criticize Beyonce for in 2006?

answer: for wearing and using fur

text: for wearing and using fur

question: What French Magazine cover did the media criticize?

answer: L'Officiel

text: L'Officiel

question: How was she dressed on the cover of L'Officiel?

answer: in blackface and tribal makeup

text: in blackface and tribal makeup

question: What French magazine did Beyoncé appear in wearing blackface and tribal makeup?

answer: L'Officiel

text: L'Officiel

question: What clothing line of Beyoncé drew PETA criticism?

answer: House of Deréon.

text: House of Deréon.

question: What type of magazine is L'Officiel?

answer: French fashion magazine

text: French fashion magazine


text: The Catholic Church uses wine in the celebration of the Eucharist because it is part of the tradition passed down through the ages starting with Jesus Christ at the Last Supper, where Catholics believe the consecrated bread and wine literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ, a dogma known as transubstantiation. Wine is used (not grape juice) both due to its strong Scriptural roots, and also to follow the tradition set by the early Christian Church. The Code of Canon Law of the Catholic Church (1983), Canon 924 says that the wine used must be natural, made from grapes of the vine, and not corrupt. In some circumstances, a priest may obtain special permission to use grape juice for the consecration, however this is extremely rare and typically requires sufficient impetus to warrant such a dispensation, such as personal health of the priest.

title: Grape

title: Grape

text: The

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: uses

text: wine

text: in

text: the

text: celebration

text: of

text: the

text: Eucharist

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: tradition

text: passed

text: down

text: through

text: the

text: ages

text: starting

text: with

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: at

text: the

text: Last

text: Supper

text: where

text: Catholics

text: believe

text: the

text: consecrated

text: bread

text: and

text: wine

text: literally

text: become

text: the

text: body

text: and

text: blood

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: a

text: dogma

text: known

text: as

text: transubstantiation

text: Wine

text: is

text: used

text: not

text: grape

text: juice

text: both

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: strong

text: Scriptural

text: roots

text: and

text: also

text: to

text: follow

text: the

text: tradition

text: set

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: Christian

text: Church

text: The

text: Code

text: of

text: Canon

text: Law

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: Canon

text: says

text: that

text: the

text: wine

text: used

text: must

text: be

text: natural

text: made

text: from

text: grapes

text: of

text: the

text: vine

text: and

text: not

text: corrupt

text: In

text: some

text: circumstances

text: a

text: priest

text: may

text: obtain

text: special

text: permission

text: to

text: use

text: grape

text: juice

text: for

text: the

text: consecration

text: however

text: this

text: is

text: extremely

text: rare

text: and

text: typically

text: requires

text: sufficient

text: impetus

text: to

text: warrant

text: such

text: a

text: dispensation

text: such

text: as

text: personal

text: health

text: of

text: the

text: priest

question: What church uses wine to celebrate the Eucharist?

answer: The Catholic Church

text: The Catholic Church

question: When was Jesus Christ known to have used wine in celebration?

answer: the Last Supper

text: the Last Supper

question: Where in the Code of Canon Law does it say that wine must be natural and not corrupt?

answer: Canon 924

text: Canon 924

question: What may a priest use in place of wine for consecration for health reasons?

answer: grape juice

text: grape juice

question: What is the Catholic dogma known as that believes that consecrated bread and wine from the Last Supper literally became the body and blood of Jesus Christ?

answer: transubstantiation

text: transubstantiation


text: Many pubs were drinking establishments, and little emphasis was placed on the serving of food, other than sandwiches and "bar snacks", such as pork scratchings, pickled eggs, salted crisps and peanuts which helped to increase beer sales. In South East England (especially London) it was common until recent times for vendors selling cockles, whelks, mussels, and other shellfish to sell to customers during the evening and at closing time. Many mobile shellfish stalls would set up near pubs, a practice that continues in London's East End. Otherwise, pickled cockles and mussels may be offered by the pub in jars or packets.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: Many

text: pubs

text: were

text: drinking

text: establishments

text: and

text: little

text: emphasis

text: was

text: placed

text: on

text: the

text: serving

text: of

text: food

text: other

text: than

text: sandwiches

text: and

text: bar

text: snacks

text: such

text: as

text: pork

text: scratchings

text: pickled

text: eggs

text: salted

text: crisps

text: and

text: peanuts

text: which

text: helped

text: to

text: increase

text: beer

text: sales

text: In

text: South

text: East

text: England

text: especially

text: London

text: it

text: was

text: common

text: until

text: recent

text: times

text: for

text: vendors

text: selling

text: cockles

text: whelks

text: mussels

text: and

text: other

text: shellfish

text: to

text: sell

text: to

text: customers

text: during

text: the

text: evening

text: and

text: at

text: closing

text: time

text: Many

text: mobile

text: shellfish

text: stalls

text: would

text: set

text: up

text: near

text: pubs

text: a

text: practice

text: that

text: continues

text: in

text: London

text: 's

text: East

text: End

text: Otherwise

text: pickled

text: cockles

text: and

text: mussels

text: may

text: be

text: offered

text: by

text: the

text: pub

text: in

text: jars

text: or

text: packets

question: Pork scratchings, pickled eggs and salted crisps are examples of what type of food?

answer: bar snacks

text: bar snacks

question: In London, what food vendors could often be found near pubs?

answer: mobile shellfish stalls

text: mobile shellfish stalls

question: In what section of London can mobile shellfish stalls still be found today?

answer: East End

text: East End

question: What seafood can often be purchased in jars at pubs?

answer: pickled cockles and mussels

text: pickled cockles and mussels


text: In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study of crime, scholars often draw on behavioral sciences, sociology, and psychology; emotions are examined in criminology issues such as anomie theory and studies of "toughness," aggressive behavior, and hooliganism. In law, which underpins civil obedience, politics, economics and society, evidence about people's emotions is often raised in tort law claims for compensation and in criminal law prosecutions against alleged lawbreakers (as evidence of the defendant's state of mind during trials, sentencing, and parole hearings). In political science, emotions are examined in a number of sub-fields, such as the analysis of voter decision-making.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: In

text: economics

text: the

text: social

text: science

text: that

text: studies

text: the

text: production

text: distribution

text: and

text: consumption

text: of

text: goods

text: and

text: services

text: emotions

text: are

text: analyzed

text: in

text: some

text: sub

text: fields

text: of

text: microeconomics

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: assess

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: emotions

text: on

text: purchase

text: decision

text: making

text: and

text: risk

text: perception

text: In

text: criminology

text: a

text: social

text: science

text: approach

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: crime

text: scholars

text: often

text: draw

text: on

text: behavioral

text: sciences

text: sociology

text: and

text: psychology

text: emotions

text: are

text: examined

text: in

text: criminology

text: issues

text: such

text: as

text: anomie

text: theory

text: and

text: studies

text: of

text: toughness

text: aggressive

text: behavior

text: and

text: hooliganism

text: In

text: law

text: which

text: underpins

text: civil

text: obedience

text: politics

text: economics

text: and

text: society

text: evidence

text: about

text: people

text: 's

text: emotions

text: is

text: often

text: raised

text: in

text: tort

text: law

text: claims

text: for

text: compensation

text: and

text: in

text: criminal

text: law

text: prosecutions

text: against

text: alleged

text: lawbreakers

text: as

text: evidence

text: of

text: the

text: defendant

text: 's

text: state

text: of

text: mind

text: during

text: trials

text: sentencing

text: and

text: parole

text: hearings

text: In

text: political

text: science

text: emotions

text: are

text: examined

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: sub

text: fields

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: analysis

text: of

text: voter

text: decision

text: making

question: In what economics sub-field are emotions discussed?

answer: microeconomics

text: microeconomics

question: What is a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed?

answer: the analysis of voter decision-making

text: the analysis of voter decision-making

question: Along with criminal law, what facet of law considers evidence related to emotion?

answer: tort law

text: tort law

question: Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline informs the field of criminology?

answer: psychology

text: psychology

question: Along with risk perception, what do economists study emotion in relate to?

answer: purchase decision-making

text: purchase decision-making


text: In 1919, the frustrations caused by delays to Irish home rule led members of Sinn Féin, a pro-independence party that had won a majority of the Irish seats at Westminster in the 1918 British general election, to establish an Irish assembly in Dublin, at which Irish independence was declared. The Irish Republican Army simultaneously began a guerrilla war against the British administration. The Anglo-Irish War ended in 1921 with a stalemate and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, creating the Irish Free State, a Dominion within the British Empire, with effective internal independence but still constitutionally linked with the British Crown. Northern Ireland, consisting of six of the 32 Irish counties which had been established as a devolved region under the 1920 Government of Ireland Act, immediately exercised its option under the treaty to retain its existing status within the United Kingdom.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: In

text: the

text: frustrations

text: caused

text: by

text: delays

text: to

text: Irish

text: home

text: rule

text: led

text: members

text: of

text: Sinn

text: Féin

text: a

text: pro

text: independence

text: party

text: that

text: had

text: won

text: a

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: Irish

text: seats

text: at

text: Westminster

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: general

text: election

text: to

text: establish

text: an

text: Irish

text: assembly

text: in

text: Dublin

text: at

text: which

text: Irish

text: independence

text: was

text: declared

text: The

text: Irish

text: Republican

text: Army

text: simultaneously

text: began

text: a

text: guerrilla

text: war

text: against

text: the

text: British

text: administration

text: The

text: Anglo

text: Irish

text: War

text: ended

text: in

text: with

text: a

text: stalemate

text: and

text: the

text: signing

text: of

text: the

text: Anglo

text: Irish

text: Treaty

text: creating

text: the

text: Irish

text: Free

text: State

text: a

text: Dominion

text: within

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: with

text: effective

text: internal

text: independence

text: but

text: still

text: constitutionally

text: linked

text: with

text: the

text: British

text: Crown

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: consisting

text: of

text: six

text: of

text: the

text: Irish

text: counties

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: established

text: as

text: a

text: devolved

text: region

text: under

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Act

text: immediately

text: exercised

text: its

text: option

text: under

text: the

text: treaty

text: to

text: retain

text: its

text: existing

text: status

text: within

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

question: When did Ireland establish their own assembly?

answer: 1919

question: What political party established Ireland's assembly?

answer: Sinn Féin

text: Sinn Féin

question: When did the Anglo-Irish War end?

answer: 1921

question: What treaty was signed after the Anglo-Irish War?

answer: Anglo-Irish Treaty

text: Anglo-Irish Treaty

question: How many counties of Ireland are in Northern Ireland?

answer: six

text: six


text: One significant feature of the Premier League in the mid-2000s was the dominance of the so-called "Big Four" clubs: Arsenal, Chelsea, Liverpool and Manchester United. During this decade, and particularly from 2002 to 2009, they dominated the top four spots, which came with UEFA Champions League qualification, taking all top four places in 5 out of 6 seasons from 2003–04 to 2008–09 inclusive, with Arsenal going as far as winning the league without losing a single game in 2003–04, the only time it has ever happened in the Premier League. In May 2008 Kevin Keegan stated that "Big Four" dominance threatened the division, "This league is in danger of becoming one of the most boring but great leagues in the world." Premier League chief executive Richard Scudamore said in defence: "There are a lot of different tussles that go on in the Premier League depending on whether you're at the top, in the middle or at the bottom that make it interesting."

title: Premier_League

title: Premier_League

text: One

text: significant

text: feature

text: of

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: in

text: the

text: was

text: the

text: dominance

text: of

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Big

text: Four

text: clubs

text: Arsenal

text: Chelsea

text: Liverpool

text: and

text: Manchester

text: United

text: During

text: this

text: decade

text: and

text: particularly

text: from

text: to

text: they

text: dominated

text: the

text: top

text: four

text: spots

text: which

text: came

text: with

text: UEFA

text: Champions

text: League

text: qualification

text: taking

text: all

text: top

text: four

text: places

text: in

text: out

text: of

text: seasons

text: from

text: to

text: inclusive

text: with

text: Arsenal

text: going

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: winning

text: the

text: league

text: without

text: losing

text: a

text: single

text: game

text: in

text: the

text: only

text: time

text: it

text: has

text: ever

text: happened

text: in

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: In

text: May

text: Kevin

text: Keegan

text: stated

text: that

text: Big

text: Four

text: dominance

text: threatened

text: the

text: division

text: This

text: league

text: is

text: in

text: danger

text: of

text: becoming

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: boring

text: but

text: great

text: leagues

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Premier

text: League

text: chief

text: executive

text: Richard

text: Scudamore

text: said

text: in

text: defence

text: There

text: are

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: different

text: tussles

text: that

text: go

text: on

text: in

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: depending

text: on

text: whether

text: you

text: 're

text: at

text: the

text: top

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: or

text: at

text: the

text: bottom

text: that

text: make

text: it

text: interesting

question: What was an important feature of the Premier League in the mid-2000s?

answer: the dominance of the so-called "Big Four" clubs: Arsenal, Chelsea, Liverpool and Manchester United

text: the dominance of the so-called "Big Four" clubs: Arsenal, Chelsea, Liverpool and Manchester United

question: Which team had no losses in 2003-2004 and ended up winning the league?

answer: Arsenal going as far as winning the league without losing a single game in 2003–04

text: Arsenal going as far as winning the league without losing a single game in 2003–04

question: Why was Kevin Keegan concerned about the league in May of 2008?

answer: Kevin Keegan stated that "Big Four" dominance threatened the division,

text: Kevin Keegan stated that "Big Four" dominance threatened the division,

question: Since 2003-04, has any club won all of its games like Arsenal did?

answer: Arsenal going as far as winning the league without losing a single game in 2003–04, the only time it has ever happened in the Premier League.

text: Arsenal going as far as winning the league without losing a single game in 2003–04, the only time it has ever happened in the Premier League.

question: In how many season from 2003 to 2009 did the "Big Four" take all four top places in the UEFA Champions League?

answer: 5

question: Which of the "Big Four" teams did not lose a single game in the 2003-04 season?

answer: Arsenal

text: Arsenal

question: Who stated that "Big Four" dominance was a threat to the division?

answer: Kevin Keegan

text: Kevin Keegan

question: Who said that all of the tussles in the Premier League made it interesting, even if only four teams dominated?

answer: Richard Scudamore

text: Richard Scudamore

question: What was Richard Scudamore's job?

answer: Premier League chief executive

text: Premier League chief executive


text: In an interview with Fortune in 2004, Schwarzenegger told how he suffered what "would now be called child abuse" at the hands of his father: "My hair was pulled. I was hit with belts. So was the kid next door. It was just the way it was. Many of the children I've seen were broken by their parents, which was the German-Austrian mentality. They didn't want to create an individual. It was all about conforming. I was one who did not conform, and whose will could not be broken. Therefore, I became a rebel. Every time I got hit, and every time someone said, 'you can't do this,' I said, 'this is not going to be for much longer, because I'm going to move out of here. I want to be rich. I want to be somebody.'"

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: In

text: an

text: interview

text: with

text: Fortune

text: in

text: Schwarzenegger

text: told

text: how

text: he

text: suffered

text: what

text: would

text: now

text: be

text: called

text: child

text: abuse

text: at

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: his

text: father

text: My

text: hair

text: was

text: pulled

text: I

text: was

text: hit

text: with

text: belts

text: So

text: was

text: the

text: kid

text: next

text: door

text: It

text: was

text: just

text: the

text: way

text: it

text: was

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: I

text: 've

text: seen

text: were

text: broken

text: by

text: their

text: parents

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: German

text: Austrian

text: mentality

text: They

text: did

text: n't

text: want

text: to

text: create

text: an

text: individual

text: It

text: was

text: all

text: about

text: conforming

text: I

text: was

text: one

text: who

text: did

text: not

text: conform

text: and

text: whose

text: will

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: broken

text: Therefore

text: I

text: became

text: a

text: rebel

text: Every

text: time

text: I

text: got

text: hit

text: and

text: every

text: time

text: someone

text: said

text: you

text: ca

text: n't

text: do

text: this

text: I

text: said

text: this

text: is

text: not

text: going

text: to

text: be

text: for

text: much

text: longer

text: because

text: I

text: 'm

text: going

text: to

text: move

text: out

text: of

text: here

text: I

text: want

text: to

text: be

text: rich

text: I

text: want

text: to

text: be

text: somebody

question: What magazine revealed the details of Schwarzenegger's childhood punishments in 2004?

answer: Fortune

text: Fortune


text: Also on the north side is the suburban community of Catalina Foothills, located in the foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of the city limits. This community includes among the area's most expensive homes, sometimes multimillion-dollar estates. The Foothills area is generally defined as north of River Road, east of Oracle Road, and west of Sabino Creek. Some of the Tucson area's major resorts are located in the Catalina Foothills, including the Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort. La Encantada, an upscale outdoor shopping mall, is also in the Foothills.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Also

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: side

text: is

text: the

text: suburban

text: community

text: of

text: Catalina

text: Foothills

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: foothills

text: of

text: the

text: Santa

text: Catalina

text: Mountains

text: just

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: limits

text: This

text: community

text: includes

text: among

text: the

text: area

text: 's

text: most

text: expensive

text: homes

text: sometimes

text: multimillion

text: dollar

text: estates

text: The

text: Foothills

text: area

text: is

text: generally

text: defined

text: as

text: north

text: of

text: River

text: Road

text: east

text: of

text: Oracle

text: Road

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: Sabino

text: Creek

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: Tucson

text: area

text: 's

text: major

text: resorts

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Catalina

text: Foothills

text: including

text: the

text: Hacienda

text: Del

text: Sol

text: Westin

text: La

text: Paloma

text: Resort

text: Loews

text: Ventana

text: Canyon

text: Resort

text: and

text: Canyon

text: Ranch

text: Resort

text: La

text: Encantada

text: an

text: upscale

text: outdoor

text: shopping

text: mall

text: is

text: also

text: in

text: the

text: Foothills

question: What is the Foothills west of?

answer: Sabino Creek

text: Sabino Creek

question: Where are some of the major resorts of Tuscon?

answer: Catalina Foothills

text: Catalina Foothills

question: What is La Encantada?

answer: upscale outdoor shopping mall

text: upscale outdoor shopping mall

question: What is the Foothills east of?

answer: Oracle Road

text: Oracle Road

question: What community is north of Tucson's city limits?

answer: Catalina Foothills

text: Catalina Foothills

question: Where are the most expensive homes in the Tucson metro area?

answer: Catalina Foothills

text: Catalina Foothills

question: What is the southern edge of the Catalina Foothills area?

answer: River Road

text: River Road

question: What outdoor mall is in Catalina Foothills?

answer: La Encantada

text: La Encantada

question: Which big resorts are in Catalina Foothills?

answer: Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort

text: Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort


text: The Neapolitan style has an almond-shaped body resembling a bowl, constructed from curved strips of wood. It usually has a bent sound table, canted in two planes with the design to take the tension of the 8 metal strings arranged in four courses. A hardwood fingerboard sits on top of or is flush with the sound table. Very old instruments may use wooden tuning pegs, while newer instruments tend to use geared metal tuners. The bridge is a movable length of hardwood. A pickguard is glued below the sound hole under the strings. European roundbacks commonly use a 13-inch scale instead of the 13.876 common on archtop Mandolins.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: The

text: Neapolitan

text: style

text: has

text: an

text: almond

text: shaped

text: body

text: resembling

text: a

text: bowl

text: constructed

text: from

text: curved

text: strips

text: of

text: wood

text: It

text: usually

text: has

text: a

text: bent

text: sound

text: table

text: canted

text: in

text: two

text: planes

text: with

text: the

text: design

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: tension

text: of

text: the

text: metal

text: strings

text: arranged

text: in

text: four

text: courses

text: A

text: hardwood

text: fingerboard

text: sits

text: on

text: top

text: of

text: or

text: is

text: flush

text: with

text: the

text: sound

text: table

text: Very

text: old

text: instruments

text: may

text: use

text: wooden

text: tuning

text: pegs

text: while

text: newer

text: instruments

text: tend

text: to

text: use

text: geared

text: metal

text: tuners

text: The

text: bridge

text: is

text: a

text: movable

text: length

text: of

text: hardwood

text: A

text: pickguard

text: is

text: glued

text: below

text: the

text: sound

text: hole

text: under

text: the

text: strings

text: European

text: roundbacks

text: commonly

text: use

text: a

text: scale

text: instead

text: of

text: the

text: common

text: on

text: archtop

text: Mandolins

question: What kind of style does the Neapolitan mandolin have?

answer: almond-shaped body resembling a bowl, constructed from curved strips of wood

text: almond-shaped body resembling a bowl, constructed from curved strips of wood

question: How many strings does the Neapolitan mandolin have?

answer: 8

question: What are the Neapolitan mandolin made of?

answer: metal strings

text: metal strings

question: What sits on top or is flush with the sound table of the Mandolin?

answer: hardwood fingerboard

text: hardwood fingerboard

question: How long is the scale commonly used on European roundbacks?

answer: 13-inch scale

text: 13-inch scale


text: This period marks the first known spread of Buddhism beyond India. According to the edicts of Aśoka, emissaries were sent to various countries west of India to spread Buddhism (Dharma), particularly in eastern provinces of the neighboring Seleucid Empire, and even farther to Hellenistic kingdoms of the Mediterranean. It is a matter of disagreement among scholars whether or not these emissaries were accompanied by Buddhist missionaries.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: This

text: period

text: marks

text: the

text: first

text: known

text: spread

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: beyond

text: India

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: edicts

text: of

text: Aśoka

text: emissaries

text: were

text: sent

text: to

text: various

text: countries

text: west

text: of

text: India

text: to

text: spread

text: Buddhism

text: Dharma

text: particularly

text: in

text: eastern

text: provinces

text: of

text: the

text: neighboring

text: Seleucid

text: Empire

text: and

text: even

text: farther

text: to

text: Hellenistic

text: kingdoms

text: of

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: matter

text: of

text: disagreement

text: among

text: scholars

text: whether

text: or

text: not

text: these

text: emissaries

text: were

text: accompanied

text: by

text: Buddhist

text: missionaries

question: Emissaries were sent to various countries to what direct from India?

answer: west

text: west

question: Scholars disagree on whether emissaries were accompanied by Buddhist what?

answer: missionaries

text: missionaries

question: What were the emissaries used for?

answer: to spread Buddhism

text: to spread Buddhism


text: Modern historiography on the period has reached a consensus between the two extremes of innovation and crisis. It is now (generally) acknowledged that conditions were vastly different north and south of the Alps, and "Late Middle Ages" is often avoided entirely within Italian historiography. The term "Renaissance" is still considered useful for describing certain intellectual, cultural, or artistic developments, but not as the defining feature of an entire European historical epoch. The period from the early 14th century up until – and sometimes including – the 16th century, is rather seen as characterised by other trends: demographic and economic decline followed by recovery, the end of western religious unity and the subsequent emergence of the nation state, and the expansion of European influence onto the rest of the world.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: Modern

text: historiography

text: on

text: the

text: period

text: has

text: reached

text: a

text: consensus

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: extremes

text: of

text: innovation

text: and

text: crisis

text: It

text: is

text: now

text: generally

text: acknowledged

text: that

text: conditions

text: were

text: vastly

text: different

text: north

text: and

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: and

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: is

text: often

text: avoided

text: entirely

text: within

text: Italian

text: historiography

text: The

text: term

text: Renaissance

text: is

text: still

text: considered

text: useful

text: for

text: describing

text: certain

text: intellectual

text: cultural

text: or

text: artistic

text: developments

text: but

text: not

text: as

text: the

text: defining

text: feature

text: of

text: an

text: entire

text: European

text: historical

text: epoch

text: The

text: period

text: from

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: up

text: until

text: and

text: sometimes

text: including

text: the

text: century

text: is

text: rather

text: seen

text: as

text: characterised

text: by

text: other

text: trends

text: demographic

text: and

text: economic

text: decline

text: followed

text: by

text: recovery

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: western

text: religious

text: unity

text: and

text: the

text: subsequent

text: emergence

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: European

text: influence

text: onto

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: world

question: What geopolitical entity emerged from the Late Middle Ages?

answer: the nation state

text: the nation state

question: Which mountain range is seen as a dividing line when considering conditions during the Middle Ages?

answer: the Alps

text: the Alps

question: The Renaissance is generally used to describe developments in what areas of life in the Middle Ages?

answer: intellectual, cultural, or artistic

text: intellectual, cultural, or artistic

question: Which centuries are considered to be part of the Late Middle Ages?

answer: early 14th century up until – and sometimes including – the 16th century

text: early 14th century up until – and sometimes including – the 16th century

question: What was the general effect of the Late Middle Ages on religion?

answer: the end of western religious unity

text: the end of western religious unity


text: Executive authority in Saint Helena is vested in Queen Elizabeth II and is exercised on her behalf by the Governor of Saint Helena. The Governor is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the British government. Defence and Foreign Affairs remain the responsibility of the United Kingdom.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: Executive

text: authority

text: in

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: is

text: vested

text: in

text: Queen

text: Elizabeth

text: II

text: and

text: is

text: exercised

text: on

text: her

text: behalf

text: by

text: the

text: Governor

text: of

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: The

text: Governor

text: is

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: Queen

text: on

text: the

text: advice

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: Defence

text: and

text: Foreign

text: Affairs

text: remain

text: the

text: responsibility

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

question: Who has executive authority in Saint Helena?

answer: Queen Elizabeth II

text: Queen Elizabeth II

question: Who exercises the authority on behalf of the queen in Saint Helena?

answer: the Governor

text: the Governor

question: Who is responsible for Defence and Foreign Affairs?

answer: the United Kingdom

text: the United Kingdom


text: In addition, the Prussian military education system was superior to the French model; Prussian staff officers were trained to exhibit initiative and independent thinking. Indeed, this was Moltke's expectation. The French, meanwhile, suffered from an education and promotion system that stifled intellectual development. According to the military historian Dallas Irvine, the system "was almost completely effective in excluding the army's brain power from the staff and high command. To the resulting lack of intelligence at the top can be ascribed all the inexcusable defects of French military policy."

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: Prussian

text: military

text: education

text: system

text: was

text: superior

text: to

text: the

text: French

text: model

text: Prussian

text: staff

text: officers

text: were

text: trained

text: to

text: exhibit

text: initiative

text: and

text: independent

text: thinking

text: Indeed

text: this

text: was

text: Moltke

text: 's

text: expectation

text: The

text: French

text: meanwhile

text: suffered

text: from

text: an

text: education

text: and

text: promotion

text: system

text: that

text: stifled

text: intellectual

text: development

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: military

text: historian

text: Dallas

text: Irvine

text: the

text: system

text: was

text: almost

text: completely

text: effective

text: in

text: excluding

text: the

text: army

text: 's

text: brain

text: power

text: from

text: the

text: staff

text: and

text: high

text: command

text: To

text: the

text: resulting

text: lack

text: of

text: intelligence

text: at

text: the

text: top

text: can

text: be

text: ascribed

text: all

text: the

text: inexcusable

text: defects

text: of

text: French

text: military

text: policy

question: What Prussian system was superior to the French example?

answer: military education

text: military education

question: Prussian military officers were trained to exude what type thinking?

answer: independent thinking

text: independent thinking

question: What commander of the General Staff held the expectaion of independent thinking in his officers?

answer: Moltke

text: Moltke

question: What did the French dearth of an education and promotion system stifle?

answer: intellectual development

text: intellectual development

question: Which military historian criticized the French system as being defective?

answer: Dallas Irvine

text: Dallas Irvine


text: The High Middle Ages was the formative period in the history of the modern Western state. Kings in France, England, and Spain consolidated their power, and set up lasting governing institutions. New kingdoms such as Hungary and Poland, after their conversion to Christianity, became Central European powers. The Magyars settled Hungary around 900 under King Árpád (d. c. 907) after a series of invasions in the 9th century. The papacy, long attached to an ideology of independence from secular kings, first asserted its claim to temporal authority over the entire Christian world; the Papal Monarchy reached its apogee in the early 13th century under the pontificate of Innocent III (pope 1198–1216). Northern Crusades and the advance of Christian kingdoms and military orders into previously pagan regions in the Baltic and Finnic north-east brought the forced assimilation of numerous native peoples into European culture.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: The

text: High

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: was

text: the

text: formative

text: period

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: Western

text: state

text: Kings

text: in

text: France

text: England

text: and

text: Spain

text: consolidated

text: their

text: power

text: and

text: set

text: up

text: lasting

text: governing

text: institutions

text: New

text: kingdoms

text: such

text: as

text: Hungary

text: and

text: Poland

text: after

text: their

text: conversion

text: to

text: Christianity

text: became

text: Central

text: European

text: powers

text: The

text: Magyars

text: settled

text: Hungary

text: around

text: under

text: King

text: Árpád

text: d.

text: c.

text: after

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: invasions

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: papacy

text: long

text: attached

text: to

text: an

text: ideology

text: of

text: independence

text: from

text: secular

text: kings

text: first

text: asserted

text: its

text: claim

text: to

text: temporal

text: authority

text: over

text: the

text: entire

text: Christian

text: world

text: the

text: Papal

text: Monarchy

text: reached

text: its

text: apogee

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: under

text: the

text: pontificate

text: of

text: Innocent

text: III

text: pope

text: Northern

text: Crusades

text: and

text: the

text: advance

text: of

text: Christian

text: kingdoms

text: and

text: military

text: orders

text: into

text: previously

text: pagan

text: regions

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: and

text: Finnic

text: north

text: east

text: brought

text: the

text: forced

text: assimilation

text: of

text: numerous

text: native

text: peoples

text: into

text: European

text: culture

question: Along with Poland, what Central European kingdom was formed during the High Middle Ages?

answer: Hungary

text: Hungary

question: Who was king when the Magyars settled in Hungary?

answer: Árpád

text: Árpád

question: When did the papacy of Innocent III begin?

answer: 1198

question: Along with France and Spain, the kings of what country consolidated power in the High Middle Ages?

answer: England

text: England

question: In approximately what year did the Magyars settle in Hungary?

answer: 900