text: In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the "Lovable Losers" because of this distinction. They are also known as "The North Siders" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: In

text: the

text: franchise

text: recorded

text: a

text: Major

text: League

text: record

text: wins

text: tied

text: by

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Mariners

text: and

text: posted

text: a

text: modern

text: era

text: record

text: winning

text: percentage

text: of

text: which

text: still

text: stands

text: today

text: They

text: appeared

text: in

text: their

text: first

text: World

text: Series

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: falling

text: to

text: their

text: crosstown

text: rivals

text: the

text: Chicago

text: White

text: Sox

text: four

text: games

text: to

text: two

text: The

text: Cubs

text: won

text: back

text: to

text: back

text: World

text: Series

text: championships

text: in

text: and

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: Major

text: League

text: team

text: to

text: play

text: in

text: three

text: consecutive

text: Fall

text: Classics

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: win

text: it

text: twice

text: The

text: team

text: has

text: appeared

text: in

text: seven

text: World

text: Series

text: following

text: their

text: title

text: most

text: recently

text: in

text: The

text: Cubs

text: have

text: not

text: won

text: the

text: World

text: Series

text: in

text: years

text: the

text: longest

text: championship

text: drought

text: of

text: any

text: major

text: North

text: American

text: professional

text: sports

text: team

text: and

text: are

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Lovable

text: Losers

text: because

text: of

text: this

text: distinction

text: They

text: are

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: North

text: Siders

text: because

text: Wrigley

text: Field

text: their

text: home

text: park

text: since

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Chicago

text: 's

text: North

text: Side

text: Lake

text: View

text: community

text: at

text: West

text: Addison

text: Street

text: The

text: Cubs

text: have

text: a

text: major

text: rivalry

text: with

text: the

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Cardinals

question: What year did the cubs record a Major League record of 116 wins?

answer: 1906

question: What is the winning percentage the Cubs posted that still stands today?

answer: .763

question: Who was the first team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics?

answer: The Cubs

text: The Cubs

question: How many world series have the Cubs appeared in?

answer: seven

text: seven


text: The Presbyterian Church in Vanuatu is the largest denomination in the country, with approximately one-third of the population of Vanuatu members of the church. The PCV was taken to Vanuatu by missionaries from Scotland. The PCV (Presbyterian Church of Vanuatu) is headed by a moderator with offices in Port Vila. The PCV is particularly strong in the provinces of Tafea, Shefa, and Malampa. The Province of Sanma is mainly Presbyterian with a strong Roman Catholic minority in the Francophone areas of the province. There are some Presbyterian people, but no organised Presbyterian churches in Penama and Torba, both of which are traditionally Anglican. Vanuatu is the only country in the South Pacific with a significant Presbyterian heritage and membership. The PCV is a founding member of the Vanuatu Christian Council (VCC). The PCV runs many primary schools and Onesua secondary school. The church is strong in the rural villages.

title: Presbyterianism

title: Presbyterianism

text: The

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: in

text: Vanuatu

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: denomination

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: approximately

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: Vanuatu

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: The

text: PCV

text: was

text: taken

text: to

text: Vanuatu

text: by

text: missionaries

text: from

text: Scotland

text: The

text: PCV

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: of

text: Vanuatu

text: is

text: headed

text: by

text: a

text: moderator

text: with

text: offices

text: in

text: Port

text: Vila

text: The

text: PCV

text: is

text: particularly

text: strong

text: in

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Tafea

text: Shefa

text: and

text: Malampa

text: The

text: Province

text: of

text: Sanma

text: is

text: mainly

text: Presbyterian

text: with

text: a

text: strong

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: minority

text: in

text: the

text: Francophone

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: There

text: are

text: some

text: Presbyterian

text: people

text: but

text: no

text: organised

text: Presbyterian

text: churches

text: in

text: Penama

text: and

text: Torba

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: traditionally

text: Anglican

text: Vanuatu

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: with

text: a

text: significant

text: Presbyterian

text: heritage

text: and

text: membership

text: The

text: PCV

text: is

text: a

text: founding

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Vanuatu

text: Christian

text: Council

text: VCC

text: The

text: PCV

text: runs

text: many

text: primary

text: schools

text: and

text: Onesua

text: secondary

text: school

text: The

text: church

text: is

text: strong

text: in

text: the

text: rural

text: villages

question: What is the name of the largest denomination of Presbyterian church in Vanuatu?

answer: The Presbyterian Church in Vanuatu

text: The Presbyterian Church in Vanuatu

question: From which country did the Presbyterian Church of Vanuatu originate from?

answer: Scotland

text: Scotland

question: What is the largest denomination church in Vanuatu?

answer: The Presbyterian Church in Vanuatu

text: The Presbyterian Church in Vanuatu

question: Missionaries from which country started The Presbyterian Church in Vanuatu?

answer: Scotland

text: Scotland

question: Which two towns have Presbyterian people, but no churches?

answer: Penama and Torba

text: Penama and Torba


text: As war broke out, Maglione, Tardini and Montini were the main figures in the Vatican's State Department, as despatches originated from or addressed to them during the war years.[page needed] Montini was in charge of taking care of the "ordinary affairs" of the Secretariat of State, which took much of the mornings of every working day. In the afternoon he moved to the third floor into the Office of the Private Secretary of the Pontiff. Pius XII did not have a personal secretary. As did several popes before him, he delegated the secretarial functions to the State Secretariat. During the war years, thousands of letters from all parts of the world arrived at the desk of the pope, most of them asking for understanding, prayer and help. Montini was tasked to formulate the replies in the name of Pius XII, expressing his empathy, and understanding and providing help, where possible.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: As

text: war

text: broke

text: out

text: Maglione

text: Tardini

text: and

text: Montini

text: were

text: the

text: main

text: figures

text: in

text: the

text: Vatican

text: 's

text: State

text: Department

text: as

text: despatches

text: originated

text: from

text: or

text: addressed

text: to

text: them

text: during

text: the

text: war

text: years.[page

text: needed

text: Montini

text: was

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: taking

text: care

text: of

text: the

text: ordinary

text: affairs

text: of

text: the

text: Secretariat

text: of

text: State

text: which

text: took

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: mornings

text: of

text: every

text: working

text: day

text: In

text: the

text: afternoon

text: he

text: moved

text: to

text: the

text: third

text: floor

text: into

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: the

text: Private

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Pontiff

text: Pius

text: XII

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: personal

text: secretary

text: As

text: did

text: several

text: popes

text: before

text: him

text: he

text: delegated

text: the

text: secretarial

text: functions

text: to

text: the

text: State

text: Secretariat

text: During

text: the

text: war

text: years

text: thousands

text: of

text: letters

text: from

text: all

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: arrived

text: at

text: the

text: desk

text: of

text: the

text: pope

text: most

text: of

text: them

text: asking

text: for

text: understanding

text: prayer

text: and

text: help

text: Montini

text: was

text: tasked

text: to

text: formulate

text: the

text: replies

text: in

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Pius

text: XII

text: expressing

text: his

text: empathy

text: and

text: understanding

text: and

text: providing

text: help

text: where

text: possible

question: What department did Montini oversee when he worked with the Secretariat of State?

answer: ordinary affairs

text: ordinary affairs

question: What organization did Montini, Maglione and Tardini belong to?

answer: Vatican's State Department

text: Vatican's State Department

question: What role did Montini fill for Pius XII?

answer: Private Secretary

text: Private Secretary

question: What did Montini take charge of responding to on behalf of Pius XII?

answer: letters

text: letters

question: During what time was Montini responsible for the communications of the Vatican?

answer: war years

text: war years


text: The city's primary commercial airport is the San Diego International Airport (SAN), also known as Lindbergh Field. It is the busiest single-runway airport in the United States. It served over 17 million passengers in 2005, and is dealing with an increasingly larger number every year. It is located on San Diego Bay three miles (4.8 km) from downtown. San Diego International Airport maintains scheduled flights to the rest of the United States including Hawaii, as well as to Mexico, Canada, Japan, and the United Kingdom. It is operated by an independent agency, the San Diego Regional Airport Authority. In addition, the city itself operates two general-aviation airports, Montgomery Field (MYF) and Brown Field (SDM). By 2015, the Tijuana Cross-border Terminal in Otay Mesa will give direct access to Tijuana International Airport, with passengers walking across the U.S.–Mexico border on a footbridge to catch their flight on the Mexican side.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: primary

text: commercial

text: airport

text: is

text: the

text: San

text: Diego

text: International

text: Airport

text: SAN

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Lindbergh

text: Field

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: busiest

text: single

text: runway

text: airport

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: served

text: over

text: million

text: passengers

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: dealing

text: with

text: an

text: increasingly

text: larger

text: number

text: every

text: year

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: San

text: Diego

text: Bay

text: three

text: miles

text: km

text: from

text: downtown

text: San

text: Diego

text: International

text: Airport

text: maintains

text: scheduled

text: flights

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: including

text: Hawaii

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: to

text: Mexico

text: Canada

text: Japan

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: It

text: is

text: operated

text: by

text: an

text: independent

text: agency

text: the

text: San

text: Diego

text: Regional

text: Airport

text: Authority

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: city

text: itself

text: operates

text: two

text: general

text: aviation

text: airports

text: Montgomery

text: Field

text: MYF

text: and

text: Brown

text: Field

text: SDM

text: By

text: the

text: Tijuana

text: Cross

text: border

text: Terminal

text: in

text: Otay

text: Mesa

text: will

text: give

text: direct

text: access

text: to

text: Tijuana

text: International

text: Airport

text: with

text: passengers

text: walking

text: across

text: the

text: U.S

text: Mexico

text: border

text: on

text: a

text: footbridge

text: to

text: catch

text: their

text: flight

text: on

text: the

text: Mexican

text: side

question: What is the more popular name of Lindbergh Field?

answer: San Diego International Airport (SAN)

text: San Diego International Airport (SAN)

question: How many passengers did San Diego Internatonal Airport serve in 2005?

answer: 17 million

text: 17 million

question: What is the purpose of the Tijuana Cross-border Terminal?

answer: give direct access to Tijuana International Airport

text: give direct access to Tijuana International Airport

question: What independent agency operates San Diego International Airport?

answer: San Diego Regional Airport Authority

text: San Diego Regional Airport Authority

question: What two general aviation airports are operated by the San Diego Regional Airport Authority?

answer: Montgomery Field (MYF) and Brown Field (SDM)

text: Montgomery Field (MYF) and Brown Field (SDM)


text: In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.

title: Unicode

title: Unicode

text: In

text: and

text: one

text: code

text: value

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: fairly

text: direct

text: representation

text: of

text: any

text: character

text: 's

text: code

text: point

text: although

text: the

text: endianness

text: which

text: varies

text: across

text: different

text: platforms

text: affects

text: how

text: the

text: code

text: value

text: manifests

text: as

text: an

text: octet

text: sequence

text: In

text: the

text: other

text: encodings

text: each

text: code

text: point

text: may

text: be

text: represented

text: by

text: a

text: variable

text: number

text: of

text: code

text: values

text: is

text: widely

text: used

text: as

text: an

text: internal

text: representation

text: of

text: text

text: in

text: programs

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: stored

text: or

text: transmitted

text: text

text: since

text: every

text: Unix

text: operating

text: system

text: that

text: uses

text: the

text: gcc

text: compilers

text: to

text: generate

text: software

text: uses

text: it

text: as

text: the

text: standard

text: wide

text: character

text: encoding

text: Some

text: programming

text: languages

text: such

text: as

text: use

text: as

text: internal

text: representation

text: for

text: strings

text: and

text: characters

text: Recent

text: versions

text: of

text: the

text: Python

text: programming

text: language

text: beginning

text: with

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: configured

text: to

text: use

text: as

text: the

text: representation

text: for

text: Unicode

text: strings

text: effectively

text: disseminating

text: such

text: encoding

text: in

text: high

text: level

text: coded

text: software

question: How is UTF-32 widely used?

answer: internal representation of text in programs

text: internal representation of text in programs

question: What programming language uses UTF-32 as internal representation of characters?

answer: Seed7

question: what version of python can be used with UTF-32?

answer: 2.2


text: A wide array of sports are played in Armenia, the most popular among them being wrestling, weightlifting, judo, association football, chess, and boxing. Armenia's mountainous terrain provides great opportunities for the practice of sports like skiing and climbing. Being a landlocked country, water sports can only be practiced on lakes, notably Lake Sevan. Competitively, Armenia has been successful in chess, weightlifting and wrestling at the international level. Armenia is also an active member of the international sports community, with full membership in the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It also hosts the Pan-Armenian Games.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: A

text: wide

text: array

text: of

text: sports

text: are

text: played

text: in

text: Armenia

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: among

text: them

text: being

text: wrestling

text: weightlifting

text: judo

text: association

text: football

text: chess

text: and

text: boxing

text: Armenia

text: 's

text: mountainous

text: terrain

text: provides

text: great

text: opportunities

text: for

text: the

text: practice

text: of

text: sports

text: like

text: skiing

text: and

text: climbing

text: Being

text: a

text: landlocked

text: country

text: water

text: sports

text: can

text: only

text: be

text: practiced

text: on

text: lakes

text: notably

text: Lake

text: Sevan

text: Competitively

text: Armenia

text: has

text: been

text: successful

text: in

text: chess

text: weightlifting

text: and

text: wrestling

text: at

text: the

text: international

text: level

text: Armenia

text: is

text: also

text: an

text: active

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: sports

text: community

text: with

text: full

text: membership

text: in

text: the

text: Union

text: of

text: European

text: Football

text: Associations

text: UEFA

text: and

text: International

text: Ice

text: Hockey

text: Federation

text: IIHF

text: It

text: also

text: hosts

text: the

text: Pan

text: Armenian

text: Games

question: Which lake is most popular for water sports in Armenia?

answer: Lake Sevan

text: Lake Sevan

question: What international sports has Armenia done well at?

answer: chess, weightlifting and wrestling

text: chess, weightlifting and wrestling

question: What does IIHF stand for?

answer: Ice Hockey Federation

text: Ice Hockey Federation

question: Which Games does Armenia hold?

answer: Pan-Armenian Games

text: Pan-Armenian Games


text: CD-R recordings are designed to be permanent. Over time, the dye's physical characteristics may change causing read errors and data loss until the reading device cannot recover with error correction methods. The design life is from 20 to 100 years, depending on the quality of the discs, the quality of the writing drive, and storage conditions. However, testing has demonstrated such degradation of some discs in as little as 18 months under normal storage conditions. This failure is known as disc rot, for which there are several, mostly environmental, reasons.

title: Compact_disc

title: Compact_disc

text: CD

text: R

text: recordings

text: are

text: designed

text: to

text: be

text: permanent

text: Over

text: time

text: the

text: dye

text: 's

text: physical

text: characteristics

text: may

text: change

text: causing

text: read

text: errors

text: and

text: data

text: loss

text: until

text: the

text: reading

text: device

text: can

text: not

text: recover

text: with

text: error

text: correction

text: methods

text: The

text: design

text: life

text: is

text: from

text: to

text: years

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: quality

text: of

text: the

text: discs

text: the

text: quality

text: of

text: the

text: writing

text: drive

text: and

text: storage

text: conditions

text: However

text: testing

text: has

text: demonstrated

text: such

text: degradation

text: of

text: some

text: discs

text: in

text: as

text: little

text: as

text: months

text: under

text: normal

text: storage

text: conditions

text: This

text: failure

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: disc

text: rot

text: for

text: which

text: there

text: are

text: several

text: mostly

text: environmental

text: reasons

question: How long are CDs expected to last?

answer: 20 to 100 years

text: 20 to 100 years

question: What can cause sudden disc degradation?

answer: disc rot

text: disc rot

question: Are CDs meant for permanent or temporary use?

answer: permanent

text: permanent


text: In the years following the dissolution of Yugoslavia, some historians stated that human rights were suppressed in Yugoslavia under Tito, particularly in the first decade up until the Tito-Stalin split. On 4 October 2011, the Slovenian Constitutional Court found a 2009 naming of a street in Ljubljana after Tito to be unconstitutional. While several public areas in Slovenia (named during the Yugoslav period) do already bear Tito's name, on the issue of renaming an additional street the court ruled that:

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: In

text: the

text: years

text: following

text: the

text: dissolution

text: of

text: Yugoslavia

text: some

text: historians

text: stated

text: that

text: human

text: rights

text: were

text: suppressed

text: in

text: Yugoslavia

text: under

text: Tito

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: decade

text: up

text: until

text: the

text: Tito

text: Stalin

text: split

text: On

text: October

text: the

text: Slovenian

text: Constitutional

text: Court

text: found

text: a

text: naming

text: of

text: a

text: street

text: in

text: Ljubljana

text: after

text: Tito

text: to

text: be

text: unconstitutional

text: While

text: several

text: public

text: areas

text: in

text: Slovenia

text: named

text: during

text: the

text: Yugoslav

text: period

text: do

text: already

text: bear

text: Tito

text: 's

text: name

text: on

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: renaming

text: an

text: additional

text: street

text: the

text: court

text: ruled

text: that

question: On what year did a Slovenian court find a 2009 naming of a street after Tito to be unconstitutional?

answer: 2011

question: Where was the street named after Tito that was found unconstitutional located?

answer: Ljubljana

text: Ljubljana

question: Several public area of Slovenia bear which person's name.

answer: Tito

text: Tito

question: Under which ruler do historians argue human rights were suppressed in Yugoslavia?

answer: Tito

text: Tito


text: Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like Shimla. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers.

title: Himachal_Pradesh

title: Himachal_Pradesh

text: Doordarshan

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: owned

text: television

text: broadcaster

text: Doordarshan

text: Shimla

text: also

text: provides

text: programs

text: in

text: Pahari

text: language

text: Multi

text: system

text: operators

text: provide

text: a

text: mix

text: of

text: Nepali

text: Hindi

text: English

text: and

text: international

text: channels

text: via

text: cable

text: All

text: India

text: Radio

text: is

text: a

text: public

text: radio

text: station

text: Private

text: FM

text: stations

text: are

text: also

text: available

text: in

text: few

text: cities

text: like

text: Shimla

text: BSNL

text: Reliance

text: Infocomm

text: Tata

text: Indicom

text: Tata

text: Docomo

text: Aircel

text: Vodafone

text: Idea

text: Cellular

text: and

text: Airtel

text: are

text: available

text: cellular

text: phone

text: operators

text: Broadband

text: internet

text: is

text: available

text: in

text: select

text: towns

text: and

text: cities

text: and

text: is

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: run

text: BSNL

text: and

text: by

text: other

text: private

text: companies

text: Dial

text: up

text: access

text: is

text: provided

text: throughout

text: the

text: state

text: by

text: BSNL

text: and

text: other

text: providers

question: What is Doordarshan?

answer: state-owned television broadcaster

text: state-owned television broadcaster

question: What is provided by BSNL and others throughout the state?

answer: Dial-up access

text: Dial-up access

question: What is available in few cities?

answer: Private FM stations

text: Private FM stations

question: Who are the cellular phone operators available?

answer: BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel

text: BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel

question: What is All India Radio?

answer: public radio station

text: public radio station


text: Meanwhile, Andreas Papandreou founded the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) in response to Karamanlis's conservative New Democracy party, with the two political formations alternating in government ever since. Greece rejoined NATO in 1980. Greece became the tenth member of the European Communities (subsequently subsumed by the European Union) on 1 January 1981, ushering in a period of sustained growth. Widespread investments in industrial enterprises and heavy infrastructure, as well as funds from the European Union and growing revenues from tourism, shipping and a fast-growing service sector raised the country's standard of living to unprecedented levels. Traditionally strained relations with neighbouring Turkey improved when successive earthquakes hit both nations in 1999, leading to the lifting of the Greek veto against Turkey's bid for EU membership.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: Meanwhile

text: Andreas

text: Papandreou

text: founded

text: the

text: Panhellenic

text: Socialist

text: Movement

text: PASOK

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: Karamanlis

text: 's

text: conservative

text: New

text: Democracy

text: party

text: with

text: the

text: two

text: political

text: formations

text: alternating

text: in

text: government

text: ever

text: since

text: Greece

text: rejoined

text: NATO

text: in

text: Greece

text: became

text: the

text: tenth

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Communities

text: subsequently

text: subsumed

text: by

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: on

text: January

text: ushering

text: in

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: sustained

text: growth

text: Widespread

text: investments

text: in

text: industrial

text: enterprises

text: and

text: heavy

text: infrastructure

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: funds

text: from

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: growing

text: revenues

text: from

text: tourism

text: shipping

text: and

text: a

text: fast

text: growing

text: service

text: sector

text: raised

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: standard

text: of

text: living

text: to

text: unprecedented

text: levels

text: Traditionally

text: strained

text: relations

text: with

text: neighbouring

text: Turkey

text: improved

text: when

text: successive

text: earthquakes

text: hit

text: both

text: nations

text: in

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: lifting

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: veto

text: against

text: Turkey

text: 's

text: bid

text: for

text: EU

text: membership

question: Who founded the PASOK?

answer: Andreas Papandreou

text: Andreas Papandreou

question: What does PASOK stand for?

answer: Panhellenic Socialist Movement

text: Panhellenic Socialist Movement

question: In what year did Greece rejoin NATO?

answer: 1980

question: Earthquakes hit both Greece and Turkey in which year?

answer: 1999

question: Greece joined what later became the European Union when?

answer: 1 January 1981

text: 1 January 1981


text: Recent molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that most placental orders diverged about 100 to 85 million years ago and that modern families appeared in the period from the late Eocene through the Miocene. But paleontologists object that no placental fossils have been found from before the end of the Cretaceous. The earliest undisputed fossils of placentals come from the early Paleocene, after the extinction of the dinosaurs. In particular, scientists have recently identified an early Paleocene animal named Protungulatum donnae as one of the first placental mammals. The earliest known ancestor of primates is Archicebus achilles from around 55 million years ago. This tiny primate weighed 20–30 grams (0.7–1.1 ounce) and could fit within a human palm.

title: Mammal

title: Mammal

text: Recent

text: molecular

text: phylogenetic

text: studies

text: suggest

text: that

text: most

text: placental

text: orders

text: diverged

text: about

text: to

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: and

text: that

text: modern

text: families

text: appeared

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: Eocene

text: through

text: the

text: Miocene

text: But

text: paleontologists

text: object

text: that

text: no

text: placental

text: fossils

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: from

text: before

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Cretaceous

text: The

text: earliest

text: undisputed

text: fossils

text: of

text: placentals

text: come

text: from

text: the

text: early

text: Paleocene

text: after

text: the

text: extinction

text: of

text: the

text: dinosaurs

text: In

text: particular

text: scientists

text: have

text: recently

text: identified

text: an

text: early

text: Paleocene

text: animal

text: named

text: Protungulatum

text: donnae

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: placental

text: mammals

text: The

text: earliest

text: known

text: ancestor

text: of

text: primates

text: is

text: Archicebus

text: achilles

text: from

text: around

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: This

text: tiny

text: primate

text: weighed

text: grams

text: ounce

text: and

text: could

text: fit

text: within

text: a

text: human

text: palm

question: How long ago did most placental orders diverge from?

answer: 100 to 85 million years ago

text: 100 to 85 million years ago

question: Which two major time periods did placentals appear?

answer: Eocene through the Miocene

text: Eocene through the Miocene

question: Which time period did early highly undisputed fossils of placental mammals appear?

answer: Paleocene

text: Paleocene

question: When is the earliest know primate thought to had exist?

answer: 55 million years ago

text: 55 million years ago

question: How much did the first primate weigh?

answer: 20–30 grams (0.7–1.1 ounce)

text: 20–30 grams (0.7–1.1 ounce)


text: Britain now threatened to withdraw its subsidies if Prussia didn't consider offering concessions to secure peace. As the Prussian armies had dwindled to just 60,000 men and with Berlin itself under siege, Frederick's survival was severely threatened. Then on 5 January 1762 the Russian Empress Elizabeth died. Her Prussophile successor, Peter III, at once recalled Russian armies from Berlin (see: the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1762)) and mediated Frederick's truce with Sweden. He also placed a corps of his own troops under Frederick's command This turn of events has become known as the Miracle of the House of Brandenburg. Frederick was then able to muster a larger army of 120,000 men and concentrate it against Austria. He drove them from much of Saxony, while his brother Henry won a victory in Silesia in the Battle of Freiberg (29 October 1762). At the same time, his Brunswick allies captured the key town of Göttingen and compounded this by taking Cassel.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: Britain

text: now

text: threatened

text: to

text: withdraw

text: its

text: subsidies

text: if

text: Prussia

text: did

text: n't

text: consider

text: offering

text: concessions

text: to

text: secure

text: peace

text: As

text: the

text: Prussian

text: armies

text: had

text: dwindled

text: to

text: just

text: men

text: and

text: with

text: Berlin

text: itself

text: under

text: siege

text: Frederick

text: 's

text: survival

text: was

text: severely

text: threatened

text: Then

text: on

text: January

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empress

text: Elizabeth

text: died

text: Her

text: Prussophile

text: successor

text: Peter

text: III

text: at

text: once

text: recalled

text: Russian

text: armies

text: from

text: Berlin

text: see

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: and

text: mediated

text: Frederick

text: 's

text: truce

text: with

text: Sweden

text: He

text: also

text: placed

text: a

text: corps

text: of

text: his

text: own

text: troops

text: under

text: Frederick

text: 's

text: command

text: This

text: turn

text: of

text: events

text: has

text: become

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Miracle

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Brandenburg

text: Frederick

text: was

text: then

text: able

text: to

text: muster

text: a

text: larger

text: army

text: of

text: men

text: and

text: concentrate

text: it

text: against

text: Austria

text: He

text: drove

text: them

text: from

text: much

text: of

text: Saxony

text: while

text: his

text: brother

text: Henry

text: won

text: a

text: victory

text: in

text: Silesia

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Freiberg

text: October

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: his

text: Brunswick

text: allies

text: captured

text: the

text: key

text: town

text: of

text: Göttingen

text: and

text: compounded

text: this

text: by

text: taking

text: Cassel

question: Britain tried to influence Prussia to take what action?

answer: offering concessions to secure peace

text: offering concessions to secure peace

question: How many troops did Frederick have left?

answer: 60,000 men

text: 60,000 men

question: What development in Russia assisted Prussia?

answer: Russian Empress Elizabeth died. Her Prussophile successor, Peter III, at once recalled Russian armies from Berlin

text: Russian Empress Elizabeth died. Her Prussophile successor, Peter III, at once recalled Russian armies from Berlin

question: What changed the Prussian relationship with Sweden?

answer: Peter III, at once recalled Russian armies from Berlin (see: the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1762)) and mediated Frederick's truce with Sweden

text: Peter III, at once recalled Russian armies from Berlin (see: the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1762)) and mediated Frederick's truce with Sweden

question: What was the unexpected action by Peter III that helped Frederick?

answer: He also placed a corps of his own troops under Frederick's command

text: He also placed a corps of his own troops under Frederick's command


text: The FBI Academy, located in Quantico, Virginia, is home to the communications and computer laboratory the FBI utilizes. It is also where new agents are sent for training to become FBI Special Agents. Going through the 21-week course is required for every Special Agent. First opened for use in 1972, the facility located on 385 acres (1.6 km2) of woodland. The Academy trains state and local law enforcement agencies, which are invited to the law enforcement training center. The FBI units that reside at Quantico are the Field and Police Training Unit, Firearms Training Unit, Forensic Science Research and Training Center, Technology Services Unit (TSU), Investigative Training Unit, Law Enforcement Communication Unit, Leadership and Management Science Units (LSMU), Physical Training Unit, New Agents' Training Unit (NATU), Practical Applications Unit (PAU), the Investigative Computer Training Unit and the "College of Analytical Studies."

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: The

text: FBI

text: Academy

text: located

text: in

text: Quantico

text: Virginia

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: communications

text: and

text: computer

text: laboratory

text: the

text: FBI

text: utilizes

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: where

text: new

text: agents

text: are

text: sent

text: for

text: training

text: to

text: become

text: FBI

text: Special

text: Agents

text: Going

text: through

text: the

text: course

text: is

text: required

text: for

text: every

text: Special

text: Agent

text: First

text: opened

text: for

text: use

text: in

text: the

text: facility

text: located

text: on

text: acres

text: of

text: woodland

text: The

text: Academy

text: trains

text: state

text: and

text: local

text: law

text: enforcement

text: agencies

text: which

text: are

text: invited

text: to

text: the

text: law

text: enforcement

text: training

text: center

text: The

text: FBI

text: units

text: that

text: reside

text: at

text: Quantico

text: are

text: the

text: Field

text: and

text: Police

text: Training

text: Unit

text: Firearms

text: Training

text: Unit

text: Forensic

text: Science

text: Research

text: and

text: Training

text: Center

text: Technology

text: Services

text: Unit

text: TSU

text: Investigative

text: Training

text: Unit

text: Law

text: Enforcement

text: Communication

text: Unit

text: Leadership

text: and

text: Management

text: Science

text: Units

text: LSMU

text: Physical

text: Training

text: Unit

text: New

text: Agents

text: Training

text: Unit

text: NATU

text: Practical

text: Applications

text: Unit

text: PAU

text: the

text: Investigative

text: Computer

text: Training

text: Unit

text: and

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Analytical

text: Studies

question: Where are agents sent to become FBI Special Agents?

answer: The FBI Academy

text: The FBI Academy

question: Where is the FBI Academy?

answer: Quantico, Virginia

text: Quantico, Virginia

question: How long is the course required for all special agents?

answer: 21-week

question: What other groups does the FBI Academy train?

answer: state and local law enforcement agencies

text: state and local law enforcement agencies


text: Among Ike's objectives in not directly confronting McCarthy was to prevent McCarthy from dragging the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) into McCarthy's witch hunt for communists, which would interfere with, and perhaps delay, the AEC's important work on H-bombs. The administration had discovered through its own investigations that one of the leading scientists on the AEC, J. Robert Oppenheimer, had urged that the H-bomb work be delayed. Eisenhower removed him from the agency and revoked his security clearance, though he knew this would create fertile ground for McCarthy.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: Among

text: Ike

text: 's

text: objectives

text: in

text: not

text: directly

text: confronting

text: McCarthy

text: was

text: to

text: prevent

text: McCarthy

text: from

text: dragging

text: the

text: Atomic

text: Energy

text: Commission

text: AEC

text: into

text: McCarthy

text: 's

text: witch

text: hunt

text: for

text: communists

text: which

text: would

text: interfere

text: with

text: and

text: perhaps

text: delay

text: the

text: AEC

text: 's

text: important

text: work

text: on

text: H

text: bombs

text: The

text: administration

text: had

text: discovered

text: through

text: its

text: own

text: investigations

text: that

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: leading

text: scientists

text: on

text: the

text: AEC

text: J.

text: Robert

text: Oppenheimer

text: had

text: urged

text: that

text: the

text: H

text: bomb

text: work

text: be

text: delayed

text: Eisenhower

text: removed

text: him

text: from

text: the

text: agency

text: and

text: revoked

text: his

text: security

text: clearance

text: though

text: he

text: knew

text: this

text: would

text: create

text: fertile

text: ground

text: for

text: McCarthy

question: What organization did Eisenhower want to keep from being one of McCarthy's targets?

answer: Atomic Energy Commission

text: Atomic Energy Commission

question: What was the AEC working on at this time?

answer: H-bombs

text: H-bombs

question: What AEC scientists counseled delaying the development of the hydrogen bomb?

answer: J. Robert Oppenheimer

text: J. Robert Oppenheimer

question: What did Eisenhower do to Oppenheimer after he said that the hydrogen bomb should be delayed?

answer: removed him from the agency and revoked his security clearance

text: removed him from the agency and revoked his security clearance


text: Russian border troops were stationed along the Tajik–Afghan border until summer 2005. Since the September 11, 2001 attacks, French troops have been stationed at the Dushanbe Airport in support of air operations of NATO's International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan. United States Army and Marine Corps personnel periodically visit Tajikistan to conduct joint training missions of up to several weeks duration. The Government of India rebuilt the Ayni Air Base, a military airport located 15 km southwest of Dushanbe, at a cost of $70 million, completing the repairs in September 2010. It is now the main base of the Tajikistan air force. There have been talks with Russia concerning use of the Ayni facility, and Russia continues to maintain a large base on the outskirts of Dushanbe.

title: Tajikistan

title: Tajikistan

text: Russian

text: border

text: troops

text: were

text: stationed

text: along

text: the

text: Tajik

text: Afghan

text: border

text: until

text: summer

text: Since

text: the

text: September

text: attacks

text: French

text: troops

text: have

text: been

text: stationed

text: at

text: the

text: Dushanbe

text: Airport

text: in

text: support

text: of

text: air

text: operations

text: of

text: NATO

text: 's

text: International

text: Security

text: Assistance

text: Force

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: United

text: States

text: Army

text: and

text: Marine

text: Corps

text: personnel

text: periodically

text: visit

text: Tajikistan

text: to

text: conduct

text: joint

text: training

text: missions

text: of

text: up

text: to

text: several

text: weeks

text: duration

text: The

text: Government

text: of

text: India

text: rebuilt

text: the

text: Ayni

text: Air

text: Base

text: a

text: military

text: airport

text: located

text: km

text: southwest

text: of

text: Dushanbe

text: at

text: a

text: cost

text: of

text: million

text: completing

text: the

text: repairs

text: in

text: September

text: It

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: main

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: Tajikistan

text: air

text: force

text: There

text: have

text: been

text: talks

text: with

text: Russia

text: concerning

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: Ayni

text: facility

text: and

text: Russia

text: continues

text: to

text: maintain

text: a

text: large

text: base

text: on

text: the

text: outskirts

text: of

text: Dushanbe

question: Who was stationed along the boarder?

answer: Russian border troops

text: Russian border troops

question: Where have French Troops been stationed since September 11, 2001?

answer: at the Dushanbe Airport

text: at the Dushanbe Airport

question: Where is the main base for the Tajikistan air force?

answer: t located 15 km southwest of Dushanbe

text: t located 15 km southwest of Dushanbe

question: Why do US troops visit Tajikistan every so often?

answer: to conduct joint training missions of up to several weeks duration.

text: to conduct joint training missions of up to several weeks duration.


text: The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title The Daily Universal Register and became The Times on 1 January 1788. The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times (founded in 1821) are published by Times Newspapers, since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK, itself wholly owned by the News Corp group headed by Rupert Murdoch. The Times and The Sunday Times do not share editorial staff, were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1967.

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: The

text: Times

text: is

text: a

text: British

text: daily

text: national

text: newspaper

text: based

text: in

text: London

text: It

text: began

text: in

text: under

text: the

text: title

text: The

text: Daily

text: Universal

text: Register

text: and

text: became

text: The

text: Times

text: on

text: January

text: The

text: Times

text: and

text: its

text: sister

text: paper

text: The

text: Sunday

text: Times

text: founded

text: in

text: are

text: published

text: by

text: Times

text: Newspapers

text: since

text: a

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: News

text: UK

text: itself

text: wholly

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: News

text: Corp

text: group

text: headed

text: by

text: Rupert

text: Murdoch

text: The

text: Times

text: and

text: The

text: Sunday

text: Times

text: do

text: not

text: share

text: editorial

text: staff

text: were

text: founded

text: independently

text: and

text: have

text: only

text: had

text: common

text: ownership

text: since

question: The Times is based in what major British city?

answer: London

text: London

question: What year did the initial incarnation of The Times start?

answer: 1785

question: What was the original name of The Times before changing its name?

answer: The Daily Universal Register

text: The Daily Universal Register

question: The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times are published by what company?

answer: Times Newspapers

text: Times Newspapers

question: The Times, owned by News UK, is itself owned by what major corporation?

answer: News Corp group

text: News Corp group

question: The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times are published by what company?

answer: Times Newspapers

text: Times Newspapers

question: What year did The Times change its name from The Daily Universal Register?

answer: 1788

question: What year did The Daily Universal Register initially start?

answer: 1785


text: In Georgia Russian has no official status, but it's recognised as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 130,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 1.7 million active speakers. 27% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 1% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is the language of 9% of the population according to the World Factook. Ethnologue cites Russian as the country's de facto working language.

title: Russian_language

title: Russian_language

text: In

text: Georgia

text: Russian

text: has

text: no

text: official

text: status

text: but

text: it

text: 's

text: recognised

text: as

text: a

text: minority

text: language

text: under

text: the

text: Framework

text: Convention

text: for

text: the

text: Protection

text: of

text: National

text: Minorities

text: According

text: to

text: estimates

text: from

text: Demoskop

text: Weekly

text: in

text: there

text: were

text: native

text: speakers

text: of

text: Russian

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: million

text: active

text: speakers

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: was

text: fluent

text: in

text: Russian

text: in

text: and

text: used

text: it

text: as

text: the

text: main

text: language

text: with

text: family

text: friends

text: or

text: at

text: work

text: Russian

text: is

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: World

text: Factook

text: Ethnologue

text: cites

text: Russian

text: as

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: de

text: facto

text: working

text: language

question: How many Georgians speak Russian actively?

answer: 1.7 million

text: 1.7 million

question: What convention recognizes Russian in Georgia?

answer: Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities

text: Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities

question: How many Georgians speak Russian natively?

answer: 130,000

question: What percent of Georgia is fluent in Russian?

answer: 27%

question: What percent of Georgia use Russian as their main language?

answer: 1%


text: In 2009, the university's Marriott School of Management received a No. 5 ranking by BusinessWeek for its undergraduate programs, and its MBA program was ranked by several sources: No. 22 ranking by BusinessWeek, No. 16 by Forbes, and No. 29 by U.S. News & World Report. Among regional schools the MBA program was ranked No. 1 by The Wall Street Journal's most recent ranking (2007), and it was ranked No. 92 among business schools worldwide in 2009 by Financial Times. For 2009, the university's School of Accountancy, which is housed within the Marriott School, received two No. 3 rankings for its undergraduate program—one by Public Accounting Report and the other by U.S. News & World Report. The same two reporting agencies also ranked the school's MAcc program No. 3 and No. 8 in the nation, respectively. In 2010, an article in the Wall Street Journal listing institutions whose graduates were the top-rated by recruiters ranked BYU No. 11. Using 2010 fiscal year data, the Association of University Technology Managers ranked BYU No. 3 in an evaluation of universities creating the most startup companies through campus research.

title: Brigham_Young_University

title: Brigham_Young_University

text: In

text: the

text: university

text: 's

text: Marriott

text: School

text: of

text: Management

text: received

text: a

text: No

text: ranking

text: by

text: BusinessWeek

text: for

text: its

text: undergraduate

text: programs

text: and

text: its

text: MBA

text: program

text: was

text: ranked

text: by

text: several

text: sources

text: No

text: ranking

text: by

text: BusinessWeek

text: No

text: by

text: Forbes

text: and

text: No

text: by

text: U.S.

text: News

text: World

text: Report

text: Among

text: regional

text: schools

text: the

text: MBA

text: program

text: was

text: ranked

text: No

text: by

text: The

text: Wall

text: Street

text: Journal

text: 's

text: most

text: recent

text: ranking

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: ranked

text: No

text: among

text: business

text: schools

text: worldwide

text: in

text: by

text: Financial

text: Times

text: For

text: the

text: university

text: 's

text: School

text: of

text: Accountancy

text: which

text: is

text: housed

text: within

text: the

text: Marriott

text: School

text: received

text: two

text: No

text: rankings

text: for

text: its

text: undergraduate

text: program

text: one

text: by

text: Public

text: Accounting

text: Report

text: and

text: the

text: other

text: by

text: U.S.

text: News

text: World

text: Report

text: The

text: same

text: two

text: reporting

text: agencies

text: also

text: ranked

text: the

text: school

text: 's

text: MAcc

text: program

text: No

text: and

text: No

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: respectively

text: In

text: an

text: article

text: in

text: the

text: Wall

text: Street

text: Journal

text: listing

text: institutions

text: whose

text: graduates

text: were

text: the

text: top

text: rated

text: by

text: recruiters

text: ranked

text: BYU

text: No

text: Using

text: fiscal

text: year

text: data

text: the

text: Association

text: of

text: University

text: Technology

text: Managers

text: ranked

text: BYU

text: No

text: in

text: an

text: evaluation

text: of

text: universities

text: creating

text: the

text: most

text: startup

text: companies

text: through

text: campus

text: research

question: Who ranked BYU's Marriott School of Mangement as No. 5 for it's undergrad programs in 2009?

answer: BusinessWeek

text: BusinessWeek

question: Who ranked BYU's MBA program No. 1 among regional schools in 2007?

answer: The Wall Street Journal

text: The Wall Street Journal

question: Using 2010 data, how was BYU ranked as a university creating the most startup companies through campus research?

answer: No. 3

text: No. 3

question: Who ranked BYU as No. 11 of institutions whose grads were top-rated by recruiters in a 2010 article?

answer: Wall Street Journal

text: Wall Street Journal

question: How did Financial Times rank BYU among business schools worldwide in 2009?

answer: No. 92

text: No. 92


text: Sir John Call argued the advantages of Norfolk Island in that it was uninhabited and that New Zealand flax grew there. In 1786 the British government included Norfolk Island as an auxiliary settlement, as proposed by John Call, in its plan for colonisation of New South Wales. The decision to settle Norfolk Island was taken due to Empress Catherine II of Russia's decision to restrict sales of hemp. Practically all the hemp and flax required by the Royal Navy for cordage and sailcloth was imported from Russia.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: Sir

text: John

text: Call

text: argued

text: the

text: advantages

text: of

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: in

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: uninhabited

text: and

text: that

text: New

text: Zealand

text: flax

text: grew

text: there

text: In

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: included

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: as

text: an

text: auxiliary

text: settlement

text: as

text: proposed

text: by

text: John

text: Call

text: in

text: its

text: plan

text: for

text: colonisation

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: The

text: decision

text: to

text: settle

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: was

text: taken

text: due

text: to

text: Empress

text: Catherine

text: II

text: of

text: Russia

text: 's

text: decision

text: to

text: restrict

text: sales

text: of

text: hemp

text: Practically

text: all

text: the

text: hemp

text: and

text: flax

text: required

text: by

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: for

text: cordage

text: and

text: sailcloth

text: was

text: imported

text: from

text: Russia

question: In what year did the British government include Norfolk Island as a auxiliary settlement?

answer: 1786

question: Who proposed the idea to include Norfolk Island as a British auxiliary settlement in 1786?

answer: John Call

text: John Call

question: In including Norfolk Island as an auxiliary settlement, what Australian state did the British government plan to colonise?

answer: New South Wales

text: New South Wales

question: What woman influenced the decision by the British to settle Norfolk Island?

answer: Empress Catherine II of Russia

text: Empress Catherine II of Russia

question: Where was the majority of the hemp and flax used by the Royal Navy imported from?

answer: Russia

text: Russia


text: The relieved British began to assess the impact of the Blitz in August 1941, and the RAF Air Staff used the German experience to improve Bomber Command's offensives. They concluded bombers should strike a single target each night and use more incendiaries because they had a greater impact on production than high explosives. They also noted regional production was severely disrupted when city centres were devastated through the loss of administrative offices, utilities and transport. They believed the Luftwaffe had failed in precision attack, and concluded the German example of area attack using incendiaries was the way forward for operations over Germany.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: The

text: relieved

text: British

text: began

text: to

text: assess

text: the

text: impact

text: of

text: the

text: Blitz

text: in

text: August

text: and

text: the

text: RAF

text: Air

text: Staff

text: used

text: the

text: German

text: experience

text: to

text: improve

text: Bomber

text: Command

text: 's

text: offensives

text: They

text: concluded

text: bombers

text: should

text: strike

text: a

text: single

text: target

text: each

text: night

text: and

text: use

text: more

text: incendiaries

text: because

text: they

text: had

text: a

text: greater

text: impact

text: on

text: production

text: than

text: high

text: explosives

text: They

text: also

text: noted

text: regional

text: production

text: was

text: severely

text: disrupted

text: when

text: city

text: centres

text: were

text: devastated

text: through

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: administrative

text: offices

text: utilities

text: and

text: transport

text: They

text: believed

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: had

text: failed

text: in

text: precision

text: attack

text: and

text: concluded

text: the

text: German

text: example

text: of

text: area

text: attack

text: using

text: incendiaries

text: was

text: the

text: way

text: forward

text: for

text: operations

text: over

text: Germany

question: What helped increase the Bomber Command's offensives?

answer: the German experience

text: the German experience

question: What did the RAF conclude?

answer: bombers should strike a single target each night and use more incendiaries because they had a greater impact on production than high explosives

text: bombers should strike a single target each night and use more incendiaries because they had a greater impact on production than high explosives

question: What caused the most production disruption?

answer: when city centres were devastated through the loss of administrative offices, utilities and transport.

text: when city centres were devastated through the loss of administrative offices, utilities and transport.

question: What did the Luftwaffe fail?

answer: failed in precision attack

text: failed in precision attack

question: What did the experience of German's using incendiaries mean?

answer: using incendiaries was the way forward for operations over Germany.

text: using incendiaries was the way forward for operations over Germany.


text: Aeromedical Evacuation is "the movement of patients under medical supervision to and between medical treatment facilities by air transportation" (JP 1-02). JP 4-02, Health Service Support, further defines it as "the fixed wing movement of regulated casualties to and between medical treatment facilities, using organic and/or contracted mobility airframes, with aircrew trained explicitly for this mission." Aeromedical evacuation forces can operate as far forward as fixed-wing aircraft are able to conduct airland operations.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: Aeromedical

text: Evacuation

text: is

text: the

text: movement

text: of

text: patients

text: under

text: medical

text: supervision

text: to

text: and

text: between

text: medical

text: treatment

text: facilities

text: by

text: air

text: transportation

text: JP

text: JP

text: Health

text: Service

text: Support

text: further

text: defines

text: it

text: as

text: the

text: fixed

text: wing

text: movement

text: of

text: regulated

text: casualties

text: to

text: and

text: between

text: medical

text: treatment

text: facilities

text: using

text: organic

text: and/or

text: contracted

text: mobility

text: airframes

text: with

text: aircrew

text: trained

text: explicitly

text: for

text: this

text: mission

text: Aeromedical

text: evacuation

text: forces

text: can

text: operate

text: as

text: far

text: forward

text: as

text: fixed

text: wing

text: aircraft

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: conduct

text: airland

text: operations

question: Who coordinates the deployment of thee Aeromedical Evacuation?

answer: Health Service Support

text: Health Service Support

question: What is the movement of patients who need medical attention called?

answer: Aeromedical Evacuation

text: Aeromedical Evacuation

question: Where does the Aeromedical Evacuation team transport casualties?

answer: to and between medical treatment facilities

text: to and between medical treatment facilities

question: Who operates and is able to conduct airland missions?

answer: Aeromedical evacuation forces

text: Aeromedical evacuation forces


text: The foundations of the British Empire were laid when England and Scotland were separate kingdoms. In 1496 King Henry VII of England, following the successes of Spain and Portugal in overseas exploration, commissioned John Cabot to lead a voyage to discover a route to Asia via the North Atlantic. Cabot sailed in 1497, five years after the European discovery of America, and although he successfully made landfall on the coast of Newfoundland (mistakenly believing, like Christopher Columbus, that he had reached Asia), there was no attempt to found a colony. Cabot led another voyage to the Americas the following year but nothing was heard of his ships again.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: The

text: foundations

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: were

text: laid

text: when

text: England

text: and

text: Scotland

text: were

text: separate

text: kingdoms

text: In

text: King

text: Henry

text: VII

text: of

text: England

text: following

text: the

text: successes

text: of

text: Spain

text: and

text: Portugal

text: in

text: overseas

text: exploration

text: commissioned

text: John

text: Cabot

text: to

text: lead

text: a

text: voyage

text: to

text: discover

text: a

text: route

text: to

text: Asia

text: via

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Cabot

text: sailed

text: in

text: five

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: European

text: discovery

text: of

text: America

text: and

text: although

text: he

text: successfully

text: made

text: landfall

text: on

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Newfoundland

text: mistakenly

text: believing

text: like

text: Christopher

text: Columbus

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: reached

text: Asia

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: attempt

text: to

text: found

text: a

text: colony

text: Cabot

text: led

text: another

text: voyage

text: to

text: the

text: Americas

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: but

text: nothing

text: was

text: heard

text: of

text: his

text: ships

text: again

question: When was John Cabot's voyage commissioned?

answer: 1496

question: Who commissioned John Cabot's voyage?

answer: King Henry VII of England

text: King Henry VII of England

question: Where was Cabot trying to find a route to via the North Atlantic?

answer: Asia

text: Asia

question: Where did Cabot make landfall?

answer: Newfoundland

text: Newfoundland

question: Which explorer did Cabot make a mistake similar to?

answer: Christopher Columbus

text: Christopher Columbus


text: Bohemia prospered in the 14th century, and the Golden Bull of 1356 made the king of Bohemia first among the imperial electors, but the Hussite revolution threw the country into crisis. The Holy Roman Empire passed to the Habsburgs in 1438, where it remained until its dissolution in 1806. Yet in spite of the extensive territories held by the Habsburgs, the Empire itself remained fragmented, and much real power and influence lay with the individual principalities. In addition, financial institutions, such as the Hanseatic League and the Fugger family, held great power, on both economic and a political levels.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: Bohemia

text: prospered

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: the

text: Golden

text: Bull

text: of

text: made

text: the

text: king

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: first

text: among

text: the

text: imperial

text: electors

text: but

text: the

text: Hussite

text: revolution

text: threw

text: the

text: country

text: into

text: crisis

text: The

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: passed

text: to

text: the

text: Habsburgs

text: in

text: where

text: it

text: remained

text: until

text: its

text: dissolution

text: in

text: Yet

text: in

text: spite

text: of

text: the

text: extensive

text: territories

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: Habsburgs

text: the

text: Empire

text: itself

text: remained

text: fragmented

text: and

text: much

text: real

text: power

text: and

text: influence

text: lay

text: with

text: the

text: individual

text: principalities

text: In

text: addition

text: financial

text: institutions

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Hanseatic

text: League

text: and

text: the

text: Fugger

text: family

text: held

text: great

text: power

text: on

text: both

text: economic

text: and

text: a

text: political

text: levels

question: In what year was the Holy Roman Empire dissolved?

answer: 1806

question: In what year did a Golden Bull make the king of Bohemia first among the imperial electors?

answer: 1356

question: The Hanseatic League was what type of institution?

answer: financial

text: financial

question: In 1438, control of the Holy Roman Empire passed to what dynasty?

answer: the Habsburgs

text: the Habsburgs


text: American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: American

text: Idol

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: British

text: show

text: Pop

text: Idol

text: created

text: by

text: Simon

text: Fuller

text: which

text: was

text: in

text: turn

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: television

text: singing

text: competition

text: Popstars

text: Television

text: producer

text: Nigel

text: Lythgoe

text: saw

text: it

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: helped

text: bring

text: it

text: over

text: to

text: Britain

text: Fuller

text: was

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: idea

text: from

text: Popstars

text: of

text: employing

text: a

text: panel

text: of

text: judges

text: to

text: select

text: singers

text: in

text: audition

text: He

text: then

text: added

text: other

text: elements

text: such

text: as

text: telephone

text: voting

text: by

text: the

text: viewing

text: public

text: which

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: was

text: already

text: in

text: use

text: in

text: shows

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Eurovision

text: Song

text: Contest

text: the

text: drama

text: of

text: backstories

text: and

text: real

text: life

text: soap

text: opera

text: unfolding

text: in

text: real

text: time

text: The

text: show

text: debuted

text: in

text: in

text: Britain

text: with

text: Lythgoe

text: as

text: showrunner—the

text: executive

text: producer

text: and

text: production

text: leader—and

text: Simon

text: Cowell

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: judges

text: and

text: was

text: a

text: big

text: success

text: with

text: the

text: viewing

text: public

question: What show in New Zealand was the inspiration for the British Series Pop Idol?

answer: Popstars

text: Popstars

question: Who was the creator of British Series Pop Idol?

answer: Simon Fuller

text: Simon Fuller

question: What year did Pop Idol make its television debut?

answer: 2001

question: Who was a judge on the British series Pop Idol in 2001?

answer: Simon Cowell

text: Simon Cowell

question: Wha was the executive producer of Pop Idol in 2001?

answer: Nigel Lythgoe

text: Nigel Lythgoe

question: What show was Pop Idols based on?

answer: Popstars

text: Popstars

question: Who saw Popstars while in Australia and wanted Britain to have the same thing?

answer: Nigel Lythgoe

text: Nigel Lythgoe

question: In addition to back stories and drama, what did Fuller add to the show?

answer: telephone voting

text: telephone voting

question: When did Pop Idol premiere in Britain?

answer: 2001

question: Who was the executive producer of Pop Idol?

answer: Lythgoe

text: Lythgoe


text: Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into electric current using the photoelectric effect.

title: Solar_energy

title: Solar_energy

text: Solar

text: power

text: is

text: the

text: conversion

text: of

text: sunlight

text: into

text: electricity

text: either

text: directly

text: using

text: photovoltaics

text: PV

text: or

text: indirectly

text: using

text: concentrated

text: solar

text: power

text: CSP

text: CSP

text: systems

text: use

text: lenses

text: or

text: mirrors

text: and

text: tracking

text: systems

text: to

text: focus

text: a

text: large

text: area

text: of

text: sunlight

text: into

text: a

text: small

text: beam

text: PV

text: converts

text: light

text: into

text: electric

text: current

text: using

text: the

text: photoelectric

text: effect

question: What is solar power?

answer: conversion of sunlight into electricity

text: conversion of sunlight into electricity

question: How is sunlight converted into electricity?

answer: either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP)

text: either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP)

question: What does a concentrated solar power system use?

answer: lenses or mirrors and tracking systems

text: lenses or mirrors and tracking systems

question: What is the purpose of a concentrated solar power system?

answer: focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam

text: focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam

question: What method does the photovoltaics system use to turn light into electricity?

answer: photoelectric effect

text: photoelectric effect


text: While successful predation results in a gain of energy, hunting invariably involves energetic costs as well. When hunger is not an issue, in general most predators will not seek to attack prey since the costs outweigh the benefits. For instance, a large predatory fish like a shark that is well fed in an aquarium will typically ignore the smaller fish swimming around it (while the prey fish take advantage of the fact that the apex predator is apparently uninterested). Surplus killing represents a deviation from this type of behaviour. The treatment of consumption in terms of cost-benefit analysis is known as optimal foraging theory, and has been quite successful in the study of animal behavior. In general, costs and benefits are considered in energy gain per unit time, though other factors are also important, such as essential nutrients that have no caloric value but are necessary for survival and health.

title: Predation

title: Predation

text: While

text: successful

text: predation

text: results

text: in

text: a

text: gain

text: of

text: energy

text: hunting

text: invariably

text: involves

text: energetic

text: costs

text: as

text: well

text: When

text: hunger

text: is

text: not

text: an

text: issue

text: in

text: general

text: most

text: predators

text: will

text: not

text: seek

text: to

text: attack

text: prey

text: since

text: the

text: costs

text: outweigh

text: the

text: benefits

text: For

text: instance

text: a

text: large

text: predatory

text: fish

text: like

text: a

text: shark

text: that

text: is

text: well

text: fed

text: in

text: an

text: aquarium

text: will

text: typically

text: ignore

text: the

text: smaller

text: fish

text: swimming

text: around

text: it

text: while

text: the

text: prey

text: fish

text: take

text: advantage

text: of

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: the

text: apex

text: predator

text: is

text: apparently

text: uninterested

text: Surplus

text: killing

text: represents

text: a

text: deviation

text: from

text: this

text: type

text: of

text: behaviour

text: The

text: treatment

text: of

text: consumption

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: cost

text: benefit

text: analysis

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: optimal

text: foraging

text: theory

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: quite

text: successful

text: in

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: animal

text: behavior

text: In

text: general

text: costs

text: and

text: benefits

text: are

text: considered

text: in

text: energy

text: gain

text: per

text: unit

text: time

text: though

text: other

text: factors

text: are

text: also

text: important

text: such

text: as

text: essential

text: nutrients

text: that

text: have

text: no

text: caloric

text: value

text: but

text: are

text: necessary

text: for

text: survival

text: and

text: health

question: What makes predation successful?

answer: gain of energy

text: gain of energy

question: Treating the hunt as a cost-benefit scenario is referred to a what?

answer: optimal foraging theory

text: optimal foraging theory

question: In optimal foraging theory, how are costs and benefits measured?

answer: energy gain per unit time

text: energy gain per unit time


text: In 1535, the abbey's annual income of £2400–2800[citation needed] (£1,310,000 to £1,530,000 as of 2016), during the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries rendered it second in wealth only to Glastonbury Abbey.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: In

text: the

text: abbey

text: 's

text: annual

text: income

text: of

text: needed

text: to

text: as

text: of

text: during

text: the

text: assessment

text: attendant

text: on

text: the

text: Dissolution

text: of

text: the

text: Monasteries

text: rendered

text: it

text: second

text: in

text: wealth

text: only

text: to

text: Glastonbury

text: Abbey

question: When was the abbey's annual income £2400–2800?

answer: 1535

question: What was the abbey's annual income as of 2016?

answer: £1,310,000 to £1,530,000

text: £1,310,000 to £1,530,000

question: To which other abbey was Westminster Abbey second in wealth?

answer: Glastonbury Abbey

text: Glastonbury Abbey

question: During what was the abbey made second in wealth?

answer: the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries

text: the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries


text: An additional extension to MPEG-2 is named MPEG-2.5 audio, as MPEG-3 already had a different meaning. This extension was developed at Fraunhofer IIS, the registered MP3 patent holders. Like MPEG-2, MPEG-2.5 adds new sampling rates exactly half of that previously possible with MPEG-2. It thus widens the scope of MP3 to include human speech and other applications requiring only 25% of the frequency reproduction possible with MPEG-1. While not an ISO recognized standard, MPEG-2.5 is widely supported by both inexpensive and brand name digital audio players as well as computer software based MP3 encoders and decoders. A sample rate comparison between MPEG-1, 2 and 2.5 is given further down. MPEG-2.5 was not developed by MPEG and was never approved as an international standard. MPEG-2.5 is thus an unofficial or proprietary extension to the MP3 format.

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: An

text: additional

text: extension

text: to

text: is

text: named

text: audio

text: as

text: already

text: had

text: a

text: different

text: meaning

text: This

text: extension

text: was

text: developed

text: at

text: Fraunhofer

text: IIS

text: the

text: registered

text: patent

text: holders

text: Like

text: adds

text: new

text: sampling

text: rates

text: exactly

text: half

text: of

text: that

text: previously

text: possible

text: with

text: It

text: thus

text: widens

text: the

text: scope

text: of

text: to

text: include

text: human

text: speech

text: and

text: other

text: applications

text: requiring

text: only

text: of

text: the

text: frequency

text: reproduction

text: possible

text: with

text: While

text: not

text: an

text: ISO

text: recognized

text: standard

text: is

text: widely

text: supported

text: by

text: both

text: inexpensive

text: and

text: brand

text: name

text: digital

text: audio

text: players

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: computer

text: software

text: based

text: encoders

text: and

text: decoders

text: A

text: sample

text: rate

text: comparison

text: between

text: and

text: is

text: given

text: further

text: down

text: was

text: not

text: developed

text: by

text: MPEG

text: and

text: was

text: never

text: approved

text: as

text: an

text: international

text: standard

text: is

text: thus

text: an

text: unofficial

text: or

text: proprietary

text: extension

text: to

text: the

text: format

question: As MPEG-3 had a different meaning, what was the name given to the extension of MPEG-2?

answer: MPEG-2.5 audio

text: MPEG-2.5 audio

question: Where was this extension developed?

answer: Fraunhofer IIS

text: Fraunhofer IIS

question: The new sampling rates widened the scope of MP3 to be able to include what?

answer: human speech

text: human speech

question: What is not an ISO recognized standard?

answer: MPEG-2.5

question: As MPEG-2.5 is unofficial, it is considered what kind of extension to the MP3 format?

answer: proprietary

text: proprietary


text: India established full diplomatic ties with Israel in 1992 and has fostered a strong military, technological and cultural partnership with the country since then. According to an international opinion survey conducted in 2009 on behalf of the Israeli Foreign Ministry, India is the most pro-Israel country in the world. India is the largest customer of Israeli military equipment and Israel is the second-largest military partner of India after the Russian Federation. India is also the third-largest Asian economic partner of Israel and the two countries have military as well as extensive space technology ties. India became the top source market for Israel from Asia in 2010 with 41,000 tourist arrivals in that year. Azerbaijan is one of the few majority Muslim countries to develop bilateral strategic and economic relations with Israel. Azerbaijan supplies Israel with a substantial amount of its oil needs, and Israel has helped modernize the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan. In Africa, Ethiopia is Israel's main and closest ally in the continent due to common political, religious and security interests. Israel provides expertise to Ethiopia on irrigation projects and thousands of Ethiopian Jews (Beta Israel) live in Israel.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: India

text: established

text: full

text: diplomatic

text: ties

text: with

text: Israel

text: in

text: and

text: has

text: fostered

text: a

text: strong

text: military

text: technological

text: and

text: cultural

text: partnership

text: with

text: the

text: country

text: since

text: then

text: According

text: to

text: an

text: international

text: opinion

text: survey

text: conducted

text: in

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: the

text: Israeli

text: Foreign

text: Ministry

text: India

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: pro

text: Israel

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: India

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: customer

text: of

text: Israeli

text: military

text: equipment

text: and

text: Israel

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: military

text: partner

text: of

text: India

text: after

text: the

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: India

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: Asian

text: economic

text: partner

text: of

text: Israel

text: and

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: have

text: military

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: extensive

text: space

text: technology

text: ties

text: India

text: became

text: the

text: top

text: source

text: market

text: for

text: Israel

text: from

text: Asia

text: in

text: with

text: tourist

text: arrivals

text: in

text: that

text: year

text: Azerbaijan

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: few

text: majority

text: Muslim

text: countries

text: to

text: develop

text: bilateral

text: strategic

text: and

text: economic

text: relations

text: with

text: Israel

text: Azerbaijan

text: supplies

text: Israel

text: with

text: a

text: substantial

text: amount

text: of

text: its

text: oil

text: needs

text: and

text: Israel

text: has

text: helped

text: modernize

text: the

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: of

text: Azerbaijan

text: In

text: Africa

text: Ethiopia

text: is

text: Israel

text: 's

text: main

text: and

text: closest

text: ally

text: in

text: the

text: continent

text: due

text: to

text: common

text: political

text: religious

text: and

text: security

text: interests

text: Israel

text: provides

text: expertise

text: to

text: Ethiopia

text: on

text: irrigation

text: projects

text: and

text: thousands

text: of

text: Ethiopian

text: Jews

text: Beta

text: Israel

text: live

text: in

text: Israel

question: When did India establish full diplomatic ties with Israel?

answer: 1992

question: Who's the most pro-Israel country in the world?

answer: India

text: India

question: Israel is the second-largest military trading partner of India after who?

answer: Russian Federation

text: Russian Federation


text: This was a significant step towards restoring communion between Rome and Constantinople. It produced the Catholic-Orthodox Joint declaration of 1965, which was read out on 7 December 1965, simultaneously at a public meeting of the Second Vatican Council in Rome and at a special ceremony in Istanbul. The declaration did not end the schism, but showed a desire for greater reconciliation between the two churches. In May 1973, the Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III of Alexandria visited the Vatican, where he met three times with Pope Paul VI. A common declaration and a joint Creed issued after the visit demonstrated that there are virtually no more[additional citation needed] theological discrepancies between the Coptic and Roman Catholic Churches.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: significant

text: step

text: towards

text: restoring

text: communion

text: between

text: Rome

text: and

text: Constantinople

text: It

text: produced

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Orthodox

text: Joint

text: declaration

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: read

text: out

text: on

text: December

text: simultaneously

text: at

text: a

text: public

text: meeting

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: in

text: Rome

text: and

text: at

text: a

text: special

text: ceremony

text: in

text: Istanbul

text: The

text: declaration

text: did

text: not

text: end

text: the

text: schism

text: but

text: showed

text: a

text: desire

text: for

text: greater

text: reconciliation

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: churches

text: In

text: May

text: the

text: Coptic

text: Patriarch

text: Shenouda

text: III

text: of

text: Alexandria

text: visited

text: the

text: Vatican

text: where

text: he

text: met

text: three

text: times

text: with

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: A

text: common

text: declaration

text: and

text: a

text: joint

text: Creed

text: issued

text: after

text: the

text: visit

text: demonstrated

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: virtually

text: no

text: more[additional

text: citation

text: needed

text: theological

text: discrepancies

text: between

text: the

text: Coptic

text: and

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Churches

question: What statement addressed the relationship of Italy to Greece in the Catholic church?

answer: Catholic-Orthodox Joint declaration of 1965

text: Catholic-Orthodox Joint declaration of 1965

question: In what year was the Catholic-Orthodox joint declaration read?

answer: 1965

question: In what city was the Catholic-Orthodox joint declaration read?

answer: Rome

text: Rome

question: Who visited the Vatican in May of 1973 in an effort to negotiate Orthodox and Catholic relations?

answer: Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III

text: Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III

question: How many times did Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III meet with Paul VI in 1973?

answer: three

text: three


text: In time, the network spread beyond academic and military institutions and became known as the Internet. The emergence of networking involved a redefinition of the nature and boundaries of the computer. Computer operating systems and applications were modified to include the ability to define and access the resources of other computers on the network, such as peripheral devices, stored information, and the like, as extensions of the resources of an individual computer. Initially these facilities were available primarily to people working in high-tech environments, but in the 1990s the spread of applications like e-mail and the World Wide Web, combined with the development of cheap, fast networking technologies like Ethernet and ADSL saw computer networking become almost ubiquitous. In fact, the number of computers that are networked is growing phenomenally. A very large proportion of personal computers regularly connect to the Internet to communicate and receive information. "Wireless" networking, often utilizing mobile phone networks, has meant networking is becoming increasingly ubiquitous even in mobile computing environments.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: In

text: time

text: the

text: network

text: spread

text: beyond

text: academic

text: and

text: military

text: institutions

text: and

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Internet

text: The

text: emergence

text: of

text: networking

text: involved

text: a

text: redefinition

text: of

text: the

text: nature

text: and

text: boundaries

text: of

text: the

text: computer

text: Computer

text: operating

text: systems

text: and

text: applications

text: were

text: modified

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: define

text: and

text: access

text: the

text: resources

text: of

text: other

text: computers

text: on

text: the

text: network

text: such

text: as

text: peripheral

text: devices

text: stored

text: information

text: and

text: the

text: like

text: as

text: extensions

text: of

text: the

text: resources

text: of

text: an

text: individual

text: computer

text: Initially

text: these

text: facilities

text: were

text: available

text: primarily

text: to

text: people

text: working

text: in

text: high

text: tech

text: environments

text: but

text: in

text: the

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: applications

text: like

text: e

text: mail

text: and

text: the

text: World

text: Wide

text: Web

text: combined

text: with

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: cheap

text: fast

text: networking

text: technologies

text: like

text: Ethernet

text: and

text: ADSL

text: saw

text: computer

text: networking

text: become

text: almost

text: ubiquitous

text: In

text: fact

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: computers

text: that

text: are

text: networked

text: is

text: growing

text: phenomenally

text: A

text: very

text: large

text: proportion

text: of

text: personal

text: computers

text: regularly

text: connect

text: to

text: the

text: Internet

text: to

text: communicate

text: and

text: receive

text: information

text: Wireless

text: networking

text: often

text: utilizing

text: mobile

text: phone

text: networks

text: has

text: meant

text: networking

text: is

text: becoming

text: increasingly

text: ubiquitous

text: even

text: in

text: mobile

text: computing

text: environments

question: The network spread to be known as what today?

answer: the Internet.

text: the Internet.


text: In his 1884 article William James argued that feelings and emotions were secondary to physiological phenomena. In his theory, James proposed that the perception of what he called an "exciting fact" directly led to a physiological response, known as "emotion." To account for different types of emotional experiences, James proposed that stimuli trigger activity in the autonomic nervous system, which in turn produces an emotional experience in the brain. The Danish psychologist Carl Lange also proposed a similar theory at around the same time, and therefore this theory became known as the James–Lange theory. As James wrote, "the perception of bodily changes, as they occur, is the emotion." James further claims that "we feel sad because we cry, angry because we strike, afraid because we tremble, and neither we cry, strike, nor tremble because we are sorry, angry, or fearful, as the case may be."

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: In

text: his

text: article

text: William

text: James

text: argued

text: that

text: feelings

text: and

text: emotions

text: were

text: secondary

text: to

text: physiological

text: phenomena

text: In

text: his

text: theory

text: James

text: proposed

text: that

text: the

text: perception

text: of

text: what

text: he

text: called

text: an

text: exciting

text: fact

text: directly

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: physiological

text: response

text: known

text: as

text: emotion

text: To

text: account

text: for

text: different

text: types

text: of

text: emotional

text: experiences

text: James

text: proposed

text: that

text: stimuli

text: trigger

text: activity

text: in

text: the

text: autonomic

text: nervous

text: system

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: produces

text: an

text: emotional

text: experience

text: in

text: the

text: brain

text: The

text: Danish

text: psychologist

text: Carl

text: Lange

text: also

text: proposed

text: a

text: similar

text: theory

text: at

text: around

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: and

text: therefore

text: this

text: theory

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: James

text: Lange

text: theory

text: As

text: James

text: wrote

text: the

text: perception

text: of

text: bodily

text: changes

text: as

text: they

text: occur

text: is

text: the

text: emotion

text: James

text: further

text: claims

text: that

text: we

text: feel

text: sad

text: because

text: we

text: cry

text: angry

text: because

text: we

text: strike

text: afraid

text: because

text: we

text: tremble

text: and

text: neither

text: we

text: cry

text: strike

text: nor

text: tremble

text: because

text: we

text: are

text: sorry

text: angry

text: or

text: fearful

text: as

text: the

text: case

text: may

text: be

question: Who wrote that exciting facts lead to emotions?

answer: William James

text: William James

question: What did James believe a stimulus act upon to produce emotion?

answer: the autonomic nervous system

text: the autonomic nervous system

question: What did James believe emotion was synonymous with?

answer: the perception of bodily changes

text: the perception of bodily changes

question: Who developed a theory similar to that of James?

answer: Carl Lange

text: Carl Lange

question: What was the profession of Lange?

answer: psychologist

text: psychologist


text: Heitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After this, in 1974 the leap to storing digital audio on an optical disc was easily made. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. A year later, in September 1977, Sony showed the press a 30 cm disc that could play 60 minutes of digital audio (44,100 Hz sampling rate and 16-bit resolution) using MFM modulation. In September 1978, the company demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150-minute playing time, 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, and cross-interleaved error correction code—specifications similar to those later settled upon for the standard Compact Disc format in 1980. Technical details of Sony's digital audio disc were presented during the 62nd AES Convention, held on 13–16 March 1979, in Brussels. Sony's AES technical paper was published on 1 March 1979. A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands.

title: Compact_disc

title: Compact_disc

text: Heitaro

text: Nakajima

text: who

text: developed

text: an

text: early

text: digital

text: audio

text: recorder

text: within

text: Japan

text: 's

text: national

text: public

text: broadcasting

text: organization

text: NHK

text: in

text: became

text: general

text: manager

text: of

text: Sony

text: 's

text: audio

text: department

text: in

text: His

text: team

text: developed

text: a

text: digital

text: PCM

text: adaptor

text: audio

text: tape

text: recorder

text: using

text: a

text: Betamax

text: video

text: recorder

text: in

text: After

text: this

text: in

text: the

text: leap

text: to

text: storing

text: digital

text: audio

text: on

text: an

text: optical

text: disc

text: was

text: easily

text: made

text: Sony

text: first

text: publicly

text: demonstrated

text: an

text: optical

text: digital

text: audio

text: disc

text: in

text: September

text: A

text: year

text: later

text: in

text: September

text: Sony

text: showed

text: the

text: press

text: a

text: cm

text: disc

text: that

text: could

text: play

text: minutes

text: of

text: digital

text: audio

text: Hz

text: sampling

text: rate

text: and

text: resolution

text: using

text: MFM

text: modulation

text: In

text: September

text: the

text: company

text: demonstrated

text: an

text: optical

text: digital

text: audio

text: disc

text: with

text: a

text: playing

text: time

text: Hz

text: sampling

text: rate

text: linear

text: resolution

text: and

text: cross

text: interleaved

text: error

text: correction

text: code

text: specifications

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: later

text: settled

text: upon

text: for

text: the

text: standard

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: format

text: in

text: Technical

text: details

text: of

text: Sony

text: 's

text: digital

text: audio

text: disc

text: were

text: presented

text: during

text: the

text: AES

text: Convention

text: held

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: Brussels

text: Sony

text: 's

text: AES

text: technical

text: paper

text: was

text: published

text: on

text: March

text: A

text: week

text: later

text: on

text: March

text: Philips

text: publicly

text: demonstrated

text: a

text: prototype

text: of

text: an

text: optical

text: digital

text: audio

text: disc

text: at

text: a

text: press

text: conference

text: called

text: Philips

text: Introduce

text: Compact

text: Disc

text: in

text: Eindhoven

text: Netherlands

question: Where was the 62nd AES Convention held?

answer: Brussels

text: Brussels

question: Who was the general manger of Sony's audio department in 1971?

answer: Heitaro Nakajima

text: Heitaro Nakajima

question: What year did Sony first exhibit the use of an optical digital audio disc?

answer: 1976

question: What did Nakajima's team use to create a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder?

answer: a Betamax video recorder

text: a Betamax video recorder

question: Where was the Philips Introduce Compact disc conference held?

answer: Eindhoven, Netherlands

text: Eindhoven, Netherlands

question: What did Nakajima's team use to create a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder?

answer: Betamax video recorder

text: Betamax video recorder

question: When did Sony release it's AES technical paper?

answer: 1 March 1979

text: 1 March 1979