text: Dominic sought to establish a new kind of order, one that would bring the dedication and systematic education of the older monastic orders like the Benedictines to bear on the religious problems of the burgeoning population of cities, but with more organizational flexibility than either monastic orders or the secular clergy. Dominic's new order was to be a preaching order, trained to preach in the vernacular languages. Rather than earning their living on vast farms as the monasteries had done, the new friars would survive by begging, "selling" themselves through persuasive preaching.

title: Dominican_Order

title: Dominican_Order

text: Dominic

text: sought

text: to

text: establish

text: a

text: new

text: kind

text: of

text: order

text: one

text: that

text: would

text: bring

text: the

text: dedication

text: and

text: systematic

text: education

text: of

text: the

text: older

text: monastic

text: orders

text: like

text: the

text: Benedictines

text: to

text: bear

text: on

text: the

text: religious

text: problems

text: of

text: the

text: burgeoning

text: population

text: of

text: cities

text: but

text: with

text: more

text: organizational

text: flexibility

text: than

text: either

text: monastic

text: orders

text: or

text: the

text: secular

text: clergy

text: Dominic

text: 's

text: new

text: order

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: preaching

text: order

text: trained

text: to

text: preach

text: in

text: the

text: vernacular

text: languages

text: Rather

text: than

text: earning

text: their

text: living

text: on

text: vast

text: farms

text: as

text: the

text: monasteries

text: had

text: done

text: the

text: new

text: friars

text: would

text: survive

text: by

text: begging

text: selling

text: themselves

text: through

text: persuasive

text: preaching

question: The Dominican Order received influence from what monastic order?

answer: the Benedictines

text: the Benedictines

question: What type of order was the Dominican Order?

answer: a preaching order

text: a preaching order

question: What did previous religious orders do for a living?

answer: farms

text: farms

question: How did the Dominican Order earn money?

answer: by begging

text: by begging


text: The Convention came into force as international law on 12 January 1951 after the minimum 20 countries became parties. At that time however, only two of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council were parties to the treaty: France and the Republic of China. The Soviet Union ratified in 1954, the United Kingdom in 1970, the People's Republic of China in 1983 (having replaced the Taiwan-based Republic of China on the UNSC in 1971), and the United States in 1988. This long delay in support for the Convention by the world's most powerful nations caused the Convention to languish for over four decades. Only in the 1990s did the international law on the crime of genocide begin to be enforced.

title: Genocide

title: Genocide

text: The

text: Convention

text: came

text: into

text: force

text: as

text: international

text: law

text: on

text: January

text: after

text: the

text: minimum

text: countries

text: became

text: parties

text: At

text: that

text: time

text: however

text: only

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: permanent

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: UN

text: Security

text: Council

text: were

text: parties

text: to

text: the

text: treaty

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: The

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: ratified

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: in

text: having

text: replaced

text: the

text: Taiwan

text: based

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: on

text: the

text: UNSC

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: This

text: long

text: delay

text: in

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: Convention

text: by

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: powerful

text: nations

text: caused

text: the

text: Convention

text: to

text: languish

text: for

text: over

text: four

text: decades

text: Only

text: in

text: the

text: did

text: the

text: international

text: law

text: on

text: the

text: crime

text: of

text: genocide

text: begin

text: to

text: be

text: enforced

question: On which date did the Genocide Convention become effective?

answer: 12 January 1951

text: 12 January 1951

question: What was the minimum number of countries necessary to form parties?

answer: 20

question: Of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, how many were parties to the treaty?

answer: only two

text: only two

question: What member ratified in 1970?

answer: the United Kingdom

text: the United Kingdom

question: The delay in support by certain powerful members meant the Convention was largely powerless for over how many decades?

answer: four

text: four


text: On June 16, 1911, their four companies were consolidated in New York State by Charles Ranlett Flint to form the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR). CTR's business office was in Endicott. The individual companies owned by CTR continued to operate using their established names until the businesses were integrated in 1933 and the holding company eliminated. The four companies had 1,300 employees and offices and plants in Endicott and Binghamton, New York; Dayton, Ohio; Detroit, Michigan; Washington, D.C.; and Toronto. They manufactured machinery for sale and lease, ranging from commercial scales and industrial time recorders, meat and cheese slicers, to tabulators and punched cards.

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: On

text: June

text: their

text: four

text: companies

text: were

text: consolidated

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: State

text: by

text: Charles

text: Ranlett

text: Flint

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Computing

text: Tabulating

text: Recording

text: Company

text: CTR

text: CTR

text: 's

text: business

text: office

text: was

text: in

text: Endicott

text: The

text: individual

text: companies

text: owned

text: by

text: CTR

text: continued

text: to

text: operate

text: using

text: their

text: established

text: names

text: until

text: the

text: businesses

text: were

text: integrated

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: holding

text: company

text: eliminated

text: The

text: four

text: companies

text: had

text: employees

text: and

text: offices

text: and

text: plants

text: in

text: Endicott

text: and

text: Binghamton

text: New

text: York

text: Dayton

text: Ohio

text: Detroit

text: Michigan

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: and

text: Toronto

text: They

text: manufactured

text: machinery

text: for

text: sale

text: and

text: lease

text: ranging

text: from

text: commercial

text: scales

text: and

text: industrial

text: time

text: recorders

text: meat

text: and

text: cheese

text: slicers

text: to

text: tabulators

text: and

text: punched

text: cards

question: On what date did the companies that became the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company get consolidated?

answer: June 16, 1911

text: June 16, 1911

question: Name the individual that consolidated the companies that were to become the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company.

answer: Charles Ranlett Flint

text: Charles Ranlett Flint

question: In what year did the companies owned by Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company finally integrate?

answer: 1933

question: Where was the CTR Business office?

answer: Endicott

text: Endicott

question: In 1933 the four companies owned by CTR had how many employees?

answer: 1,300 employees

text: 1,300 employees


text: To the north of China proper, the nomadic Xiongnu chieftain Modu Chanyu (r. 209–174 BC) conquered various tribes inhabiting the eastern portion of the Eurasian Steppe. By the end of his reign, he controlled Manchuria, Mongolia, and the Tarim Basin, subjugating over twenty states east of Samarkand. Emperor Gaozu was troubled about the abundant Han-manufactured iron weapons traded to the Xiongnu along the northern borders, and he established a trade embargo against the group. Although the embargo was in place, the Xiongnu found traders willing to supply their needs. Chinese forces also mounted surprise attacks against Xiongnu who traded at the border markets. In retaliation, the Xiongnu invaded what is now Shanxi province, where they defeated the Han forces at Baideng in 200 BC. After negotiations, the heqin agreement in 198 BC nominally held the leaders of the Xiongnu and the Han as equal partners in a royal marriage alliance, but the Han were forced to send large amounts of tribute items such as silk clothes, food, and wine to the Xiongnu.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: To

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: China

text: proper

text: the

text: nomadic

text: Xiongnu

text: chieftain

text: Modu

text: Chanyu

text: r.

text: BC

text: conquered

text: various

text: tribes

text: inhabiting

text: the

text: eastern

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Eurasian

text: Steppe

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: reign

text: he

text: controlled

text: Manchuria

text: Mongolia

text: and

text: the

text: Tarim

text: Basin

text: subjugating

text: over

text: twenty

text: states

text: east

text: of

text: Samarkand

text: Emperor

text: Gaozu

text: was

text: troubled

text: about

text: the

text: abundant

text: Han

text: manufactured

text: iron

text: weapons

text: traded

text: to

text: the

text: Xiongnu

text: along

text: the

text: northern

text: borders

text: and

text: he

text: established

text: a

text: trade

text: embargo

text: against

text: the

text: group

text: Although

text: the

text: embargo

text: was

text: in

text: place

text: the

text: Xiongnu

text: found

text: traders

text: willing

text: to

text: supply

text: their

text: needs

text: Chinese

text: forces

text: also

text: mounted

text: surprise

text: attacks

text: against

text: Xiongnu

text: who

text: traded

text: at

text: the

text: border

text: markets

text: In

text: retaliation

text: the

text: Xiongnu

text: invaded

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Shanxi

text: province

text: where

text: they

text: defeated

text: the

text: Han

text: forces

text: at

text: Baideng

text: in

text: BC

text: After

text: negotiations

text: the

text: heqin

text: agreement

text: in

text: BC

text: nominally

text: held

text: the

text: leaders

text: of

text: the

text: Xiongnu

text: and

text: the

text: Han

text: as

text: equal

text: partners

text: in

text: a

text: royal

text: marriage

text: alliance

text: but

text: the

text: Han

text: were

text: forced

text: to

text: send

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: tribute

text: items

text: such

text: as

text: silk

text: clothes

text: food

text: and

text: wine

text: to

text: the

text: Xiongnu

question: Who was the chieftain of the Xiongnu?

answer: Modu Chanyu

text: Modu Chanyu

question: What group had a trade embargo created against them?

answer: the Xiongnu

text: the Xiongnu

question: In what year were Han forces defeated in Baideng?

answer: 200 BC

text: 200 BC

question: What agreement established equality between the Xiongnu and the Han?

answer: heqin

text: heqin

question: What type of clothing were sent as a tribute to the Xiongnu?

answer: silk clothes

text: silk clothes


text: The ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Empire survived the movements and invasions in the west mostly intact, but the papacy was little regarded, and few of the western bishops looked to the bishop of Rome for religious or political leadership. Many of the popes prior to 750 were more concerned with Byzantine affairs and eastern theological controversies. The register, or archived copies of the letters, of Pope Gregory the Great (pope 590–604) survived, and of those more than 850 letters, the vast majority were concerned with affairs in Italy or Constantinople. The only part of Western Europe where the papacy had influence was Britain, where Gregory had sent the Gregorian mission in 597 to convert the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity. Irish missionaries were most active in Western Europe between the 5th and the 7th centuries, going first to England and Scotland and then on to the continent. Under such monks as Columba (d. 597) and Columbanus (d. 615), they founded monasteries, taught in Latin and Greek, and authored secular and religious works.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: The

text: ecclesiastical

text: structure

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: survived

text: the

text: movements

text: and

text: invasions

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: mostly

text: intact

text: but

text: the

text: papacy

text: was

text: little

text: regarded

text: and

text: few

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: bishops

text: looked

text: to

text: the

text: bishop

text: of

text: Rome

text: for

text: religious

text: or

text: political

text: leadership

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: popes

text: prior

text: to

text: were

text: more

text: concerned

text: with

text: Byzantine

text: affairs

text: and

text: eastern

text: theological

text: controversies

text: The

text: register

text: or

text: archived

text: copies

text: of

text: the

text: letters

text: of

text: Pope

text: Gregory

text: the

text: Great

text: pope

text: survived

text: and

text: of

text: those

text: more

text: than

text: letters

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: were

text: concerned

text: with

text: affairs

text: in

text: Italy

text: or

text: Constantinople

text: The

text: only

text: part

text: of

text: Western

text: Europe

text: where

text: the

text: papacy

text: had

text: influence

text: was

text: Britain

text: where

text: Gregory

text: had

text: sent

text: the

text: Gregorian

text: mission

text: in

text: to

text: convert

text: the

text: Anglo

text: Saxons

text: to

text: Christianity

text: Irish

text: missionaries

text: were

text: most

text: active

text: in

text: Western

text: Europe

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: centuries

text: going

text: first

text: to

text: England

text: and

text: Scotland

text: and

text: then

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: continent

text: Under

text: such

text: monks

text: as

text: Columba

text: d.

text: and

text: Columbanus

text: d.

text: they

text: founded

text: monasteries

text: taught

text: in

text: Latin

text: and

text: Greek

text: and

text: authored

text: secular

text: and

text: religious

text: works

question: When did Gregory the Great become pope?

answer: 590

question: About how many of Gregory's letters were concerned with Constantinople or Italy?

answer: 850

question: In what region of Western Europe did the pope have influence?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: When did the Gregorian mission travel to Britain?

answer: 597

question: When did Columbanus die?

answer: 615


text: In the vacuum that followed the 1889 death of Emperor Yohannes II, Gen. Oreste Baratieri occupied the highlands along the Eritrean coast and Italy proclaimed the establishment of the new colony of Italian Eritrea, a colony of the Kingdom of Italy. In the Treaty of Wuchale (It. Uccialli) signed the same year, King Menelik of Shewa, a southern Ethiopian kingdom, recognized the Italian occupation of his rivals' lands of Bogos, Hamasien, Akkele Guzay, and Serae in exchange for guarantees of financial assistance and continuing access to European arms and ammunition. His subsequent victory over his rival kings and enthronement as Emperor Menelek II (r. 1889–1913) made the treaty formally binding upon the entire territory.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: In

text: the

text: vacuum

text: that

text: followed

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Emperor

text: Yohannes

text: II

text: Gen.

text: Oreste

text: Baratieri

text: occupied

text: the

text: highlands

text: along

text: the

text: Eritrean

text: coast

text: and

text: Italy

text: proclaimed

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: colony

text: of

text: Italian

text: Eritrea

text: a

text: colony

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Italy

text: In

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Wuchale

text: It

text: Uccialli

text: signed

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: King

text: Menelik

text: of

text: Shewa

text: a

text: southern

text: Ethiopian

text: kingdom

text: recognized

text: the

text: Italian

text: occupation

text: of

text: his

text: rivals

text: lands

text: of

text: Bogos

text: Hamasien

text: Akkele

text: Guzay

text: and

text: Serae

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: guarantees

text: of

text: financial

text: assistance

text: and

text: continuing

text: access

text: to

text: European

text: arms

text: and

text: ammunition

text: His

text: subsequent

text: victory

text: over

text: his

text: rival

text: kings

text: and

text: enthronement

text: as

text: Emperor

text: Menelek

text: II

text: r.

text: made

text: the

text: treaty

text: formally

text: binding

text: upon

text: the

text: entire

text: territory

question: When did Emperor Yohannes II die?

answer: 1889

question: What was the new colony of Italia Eritrea a colony of?

answer: the Kingdom of Italy

text: the Kingdom of Italy

question: What did Gen. Oreste Baratieri proclaim in the highlands along the Eritrean coast?

answer: the new colony of Italian Eritrea

text: the new colony of Italian Eritrea

question: When was the Treaty of Wuchale signed?

answer: 1889

question: What years was the Treaty of Wuchale formally binding?

answer: 1889–1913


text: Valencian is classified as a Western dialect, along with the northwestern varieties spoken in Western Catalonia (provinces of Lleida and the western half of Tarragona). The various forms of Catalan and Valencian are mutually intelligible (ranging from 90% to 95%)

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: Valencian

text: is

text: classified

text: as

text: a

text: Western

text: dialect

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: northwestern

text: varieties

text: spoken

text: in

text: Western

text: Catalonia

text: provinces

text: of

text: Lleida

text: and

text: the

text: western

text: half

text: of

text: Tarragona

text: The

text: various

text: forms

text: of

text: Catalan

text: and

text: Valencian

text: are

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: ranging

text: from

text: to

question: How is Valencian classified?

answer: Western dialect

text: Western dialect

question: What kind of Valencan is spoken in Western Catalonia?

answer: northwestern varieties

text: northwestern varieties

question: Where are the provinces of Lleida and Tarragona?

answer: Western Catalonia

text: Western Catalonia

question: What forms are mutually intelligible?

answer: Catalan and Valencian

text: Catalan and Valencian

question: What is the percentage of intelligibility between Catalan and Valencian?

answer: 90% to 95%

text: 90% to 95%


text: In 1998, two former Northwestern basketball players were charged and convicted for sports bribery as a result of being paid to shave points in games against three other Big Ten schools during the 1995 season. The football team became embroiled in a different betting scandal later that year when federal prosecutors indicted four former players for perjury related to betting on their own games. In August 2001, Rashidi Wheeler, a senior safety, collapsed and died during practice from an asthma attack. An autopsy revealed that he had ephedrine, a stimulant banned by the NCAA, in his system, which prompted Northwestern to investigate the prevalence of stimulants and other banned substances across all of its athletic programs. In 2006, the Northwestern women's soccer team was suspended and coach Jenny Haigh resigned following the release of images of alleged hazing.

title: Northwestern_University

title: Northwestern_University

text: In

text: two

text: former

text: Northwestern

text: basketball

text: players

text: were

text: charged

text: and

text: convicted

text: for

text: sports

text: bribery

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: being

text: paid

text: to

text: shave

text: points

text: in

text: games

text: against

text: three

text: other

text: Big

text: Ten

text: schools

text: during

text: the

text: season

text: The

text: football

text: team

text: became

text: embroiled

text: in

text: a

text: different

text: betting

text: scandal

text: later

text: that

text: year

text: when

text: federal

text: prosecutors

text: indicted

text: four

text: former

text: players

text: for

text: perjury

text: related

text: to

text: betting

text: on

text: their

text: own

text: games

text: In

text: August

text: Rashidi

text: Wheeler

text: a

text: senior

text: safety

text: collapsed

text: and

text: died

text: during

text: practice

text: from

text: an

text: asthma

text: attack

text: An

text: autopsy

text: revealed

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: ephedrine

text: a

text: stimulant

text: banned

text: by

text: the

text: NCAA

text: in

text: his

text: system

text: which

text: prompted

text: Northwestern

text: to

text: investigate

text: the

text: prevalence

text: of

text: stimulants

text: and

text: other

text: banned

text: substances

text: across

text: all

text: of

text: its

text: athletic

text: programs

text: In

text: the

text: Northwestern

text: women

text: 's

text: soccer

text: team

text: was

text: suspended

text: and

text: coach

text: Jenny

text: Haigh

text: resigned

text: following

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: images

text: of

text: alleged

text: hazing

question: What were 2 former Northwestern basketball players charged and convicted for in 1998?

answer: sports bribery

text: sports bribery

question: What did federal prosecutors indict four former players for in a separate betting scandal?

answer: perjury related to betting on their own games

text: perjury related to betting on their own games

question: What did an autopsy reveal was in Rashidi Wheeler's system after he died during a practice?

answer: ephedrine

text: ephedrine

question: In 2006, what prompted the women's soccer team coach, Jenny Haigh,  to resign?

answer: the release of images of alleged hazing

text: the release of images of alleged hazing

question: After the death of Rashidi Wheeler in 2001, which athletic programs were investigated for stimulants and other banned substances?

answer: all

text: all


text: In the next century which is the beginning of the Classical period, it was considered that beauty in visible things as in everything else, consisted of symmetry and proportions. The artists tried also to represent motion in a specific moment (Myron), which may be considered as the reappearance of the dormant Minoan element. Anatomy and geometry are fused in one, and each does something to the other. The Greek sculptors tried to clarify it by looking for mathematical proportions, just as they sought some reality behind appearances. Polykleitos in his Canon wrote that beauty consists in the proportion not of the elements (materials), but of the parts, that is the interrelation of parts with one another and with the whole. It seems that he was influenced by the theories of Pythagoras. The famous Apollo of Mantua and its variants are early forms of the Apollo Citharoedus statue type, in which the god holds the cithara in his left arm. The type is represented by neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century, modelled upon a supposed Greek bronze original made in the second quarter of the 5th century BCE, in a style similar to works of Polykleitos but more archaic. The Apollo held the cythara against his extended left arm, of which in the Louvre example, a fragment of one twisting scrolling horn upright remains against his biceps.

title: Apollo

title: Apollo

text: In

text: the

text: next

text: century

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Classical

text: period

text: it

text: was

text: considered

text: that

text: beauty

text: in

text: visible

text: things

text: as

text: in

text: everything

text: else

text: consisted

text: of

text: symmetry

text: and

text: proportions

text: The

text: artists

text: tried

text: also

text: to

text: represent

text: motion

text: in

text: a

text: specific

text: moment

text: Myron

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: considered

text: as

text: the

text: reappearance

text: of

text: the

text: dormant

text: Minoan

text: element

text: Anatomy

text: and

text: geometry

text: are

text: fused

text: in

text: one

text: and

text: each

text: does

text: something

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: The

text: Greek

text: sculptors

text: tried

text: to

text: clarify

text: it

text: by

text: looking

text: for

text: mathematical

text: proportions

text: just

text: as

text: they

text: sought

text: some

text: reality

text: behind

text: appearances

text: Polykleitos

text: in

text: his

text: Canon

text: wrote

text: that

text: beauty

text: consists

text: in

text: the

text: proportion

text: not

text: of

text: the

text: elements

text: materials

text: but

text: of

text: the

text: parts

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: interrelation

text: of

text: parts

text: with

text: one

text: another

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: whole

text: It

text: seems

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: theories

text: of

text: Pythagoras

text: The

text: famous

text: Apollo

text: of

text: Mantua

text: and

text: its

text: variants

text: are

text: early

text: forms

text: of

text: the

text: Apollo

text: Citharoedus

text: statue

text: type

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: god

text: holds

text: the

text: cithara

text: in

text: his

text: left

text: arm

text: The

text: type

text: is

text: represented

text: by

text: neo

text: Attic

text: Imperial

text: Roman

text: copies

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: or

text: early

text: century

text: modelled

text: upon

text: a

text: supposed

text: Greek

text: bronze

text: original

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: BCE

text: in

text: a

text: style

text: similar

text: to

text: works

text: of

text: Polykleitos

text: but

text: more

text: archaic

text: The

text: Apollo

text: held

text: the

text: cythara

text: against

text: his

text: extended

text: left

text: arm

text: of

text: which

text: in

text: the

text: Louvre

text: example

text: a

text: fragment

text: of

text: one

text: twisting

text: scrolling

text: horn

text: upright

text: remains

text: against

text: his

text: biceps

question: Who wrote that beauty consists in the proportion not of the elements?

answer: Polykleitos

text: Polykleitos

question: In what type of art does the god hold the cithara in his left arm?

answer: Apollo Citharoedus statue type

text: Apollo Citharoedus statue type

question: What type of art is modeled after a supposed Greek bronze original made in the second quarter of the 5th Century BCE.

answer: neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century

text: neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century


text: An analysis of the evolution of mass media in the US and Europe since World War II noted mixed results from the growth of the Internet: "The digital revolution has been good for freedom of expression [and] information [but] has had mixed effects on freedom of the press": It has disrupted traditional sources of funding, and new forms of Internet journalism have replaced only a tiny fraction of what's been lost.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: An

text: analysis

text: of

text: the

text: evolution

text: of

text: mass

text: media

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: and

text: Europe

text: since

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: noted

text: mixed

text: results

text: from

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: Internet

text: The

text: digital

text: revolution

text: has

text: been

text: good

text: for

text: freedom

text: of

text: expression

text: and

text: information

text: but

text: has

text: had

text: mixed

text: effects

text: on

text: freedom

text: of

text: the

text: press

text: It

text: has

text: disrupted

text: traditional

text: sources

text: of

text: funding

text: and

text: new

text: forms

text: of

text: Internet

text: journalism

text: have

text: replaced

text: only

text: a

text: tiny

text: fraction

text: of

text: what

text: 's

text: been

text: lost

question: What did the analysis show mixed results for?

answer: growth of the Internet

text: growth of the Internet

question: What was disrupted by Internet growth for the press?

answer: traditional sources of funding

text: traditional sources of funding

question: How much has new types of Internet journalism replaced what has been lost in the press?

answer: a tiny fraction

text: a tiny fraction


text: In the nearby parish of Stoke Damerel the first dockyard, HMNB Devonport, opened in 1690 on the eastern bank of the River Tamar. Further docks were built here in 1727, 1762 and 1793. The settlement that developed here was called "Dock" or "Plymouth Dock" at the time, and a new town, separate from Plymouth, grew up. In 1712 there were 318 men employed and by 1733 it had grown to a population of 3,000 people.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: In

text: the

text: nearby

text: parish

text: of

text: Stoke

text: Damerel

text: the

text: first

text: dockyard

text: HMNB

text: Devonport

text: opened

text: in

text: on

text: the

text: eastern

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Tamar

text: Further

text: docks

text: were

text: built

text: here

text: in

text: and

text: The

text: settlement

text: that

text: developed

text: here

text: was

text: called

text: Dock

text: or

text: Plymouth

text: Dock

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: a

text: new

text: town

text: separate

text: from

text: Plymouth

text: grew

text: up

text: In

text: there

text: were

text: men

text: employed

text: and

text: by

text: it

text: had

text: grown

text: to

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: people

question: In what year was HMNB Davenport established?

answer: 1690

question: What river was adjacent to HMNB Davenport?

answer: River Tamar

text: River Tamar

question: How many male workers were present in Plymouth Dock circa 1712?

answer: 318

question: What was the 1733 population of Plymouth Dock?

answer: 3,000

question: In what parish was HMNB Davenport located?

answer: Stoke Damerel

text: Stoke Damerel


text: Tuberculosis caused the most widespread public concern in the 19th and early 20th centuries as an endemic disease of the urban poor. In 1815, one in four deaths in England was due to "consumption". By 1918, one in six deaths in France was still caused by TB. After TB was determined to be contagious, in the 1880s, it was put on a notifiable disease list in Britain; campaigns were started to stop people from spitting in public places, and the infected poor were "encouraged" to enter sanatoria that resembled prisons (the sanatoria for the middle and upper classes offered excellent care and constant medical attention). Whatever the (purported) benefits of the "fresh air" and labor in the sanatoria, even under the best conditions, 50% of those who entered died within five years (circa 1916).

title: Tuberculosis

title: Tuberculosis

text: Tuberculosis

text: caused

text: the

text: most

text: widespread

text: public

text: concern

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: as

text: an

text: endemic

text: disease

text: of

text: the

text: urban

text: poor

text: In

text: one

text: in

text: four

text: deaths

text: in

text: England

text: was

text: due

text: to

text: consumption

text: By

text: one

text: in

text: six

text: deaths

text: in

text: France

text: was

text: still

text: caused

text: by

text: TB

text: After

text: TB

text: was

text: determined

text: to

text: be

text: contagious

text: in

text: the

text: it

text: was

text: put

text: on

text: a

text: notifiable

text: disease

text: list

text: in

text: Britain

text: campaigns

text: were

text: started

text: to

text: stop

text: people

text: from

text: spitting

text: in

text: public

text: places

text: and

text: the

text: infected

text: poor

text: were

text: encouraged

text: to

text: enter

text: sanatoria

text: that

text: resembled

text: prisons

text: the

text: sanatoria

text: for

text: the

text: middle

text: and

text: upper

text: classes

text: offered

text: excellent

text: care

text: and

text: constant

text: medical

text: attention

text: Whatever

text: the

text: purported

text: benefits

text: of

text: the

text: fresh

text: air

text: and

text: labor

text: in

text: the

text: sanatoria

text: even

text: under

text: the

text: best

text: conditions

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: entered

text: died

text: within

text: five

text: years

text: circa

question: What was tuberculosis called in 19th-century England?

answer: consumption

text: consumption

question: How many deaths out of every six in France during 1918 were attributed to tuberculosis?

answer: one

text: one

question: In what decade was TB's communicability finally realized?

answer: 1880s

question: What did Britain try to get people to stop doing to reduce the spread of TB in public?

answer: spitting

text: spitting

question: What were the "treatment" facilities for poor people with TB in the early 1900s called?

answer: sanatoria

text: sanatoria


text: After fans noticed Mercury's increasingly gaunt appearance in 1988, rumours began to spread that Mercury was suffering from AIDS. Mercury flatly denied this, insisting he was merely "exhausted" and too busy to provide interviews. The band decided to continue making albums, starting with The Miracle in 1989 and continuing with Innuendo in 1991. Despite his deteriorating health, the lead singer continued to contribute. For the last two albums made while Mercury was still alive, the band credited all songs to Queen, rather than specific members of the group, freeing them of internal conflict and differences. In 1990, Queen ended their contract with Capitol and signed with Disney's Hollywood Records, which has since remained the group's music catalogue owner in the United States and Canada. That same year, Mercury made his final public appearance when he joined the rest of Queen to collect the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to British Music.

title: Queen_(band)

title: Queen_(band

text: After

text: fans

text: noticed

text: Mercury

text: 's

text: increasingly

text: gaunt

text: appearance

text: in

text: rumours

text: began

text: to

text: spread

text: that

text: Mercury

text: was

text: suffering

text: from

text: AIDS

text: Mercury

text: flatly

text: denied

text: this

text: insisting

text: he

text: was

text: merely

text: exhausted

text: and

text: too

text: busy

text: to

text: provide

text: interviews

text: The

text: band

text: decided

text: to

text: continue

text: making

text: albums

text: starting

text: with

text: The

text: Miracle

text: in

text: and

text: continuing

text: with

text: Innuendo

text: in

text: Despite

text: his

text: deteriorating

text: health

text: the

text: lead

text: singer

text: continued

text: to

text: contribute

text: For

text: the

text: last

text: two

text: albums

text: made

text: while

text: Mercury

text: was

text: still

text: alive

text: the

text: band

text: credited

text: all

text: songs

text: to

text: Queen

text: rather

text: than

text: specific

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: freeing

text: them

text: of

text: internal

text: conflict

text: and

text: differences

text: In

text: Queen

text: ended

text: their

text: contract

text: with

text: Capitol

text: and

text: signed

text: with

text: Disney

text: 's

text: Hollywood

text: Records

text: which

text: has

text: since

text: remained

text: the

text: group

text: 's

text: music

text: catalogue

text: owner

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Canada

text: That

text: same

text: year

text: Mercury

text: made

text: his

text: final

text: public

text: appearance

text: when

text: he

text: joined

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: Queen

text: to

text: collect

text: the

text: Brit

text: Award

text: for

text: Outstanding

text: Contribution

text: to

text: British

text: Music

question: When did Queen end their contract with Capitol?

answer: 1990

question: After leaving Capitol, who did Queen sign with?

answer: Disney's Hollywood Records

text: Disney's Hollywood Records

question: What year was Freddie Mercury's final public appearance with Queen?

answer: 1990

question: Which Queen album was released in 1991?

answer: Innuendo

text: Innuendo


text: China: In China, the torch was first welcomed by Politburo Standing Committee member Zhou Yongkang and State Councilor Liu Yandong. It was subsequently passed onto CPC General Secretary Hu Jintao. A call to boycott French hypermart Carrefour from May 1 began spreading through mobile text messaging and online chat rooms amongst the Chinese over the weekend from April 12, accusing the company's major shareholder, the LVMH Group, of donating funds to the Dalai Lama. There were also calls to extend the boycott to include French luxury goods and cosmetic products. According to the Washington Times on April 15, however, the Chinese government was attempting to "calm the situation" through censorship: "All comments posted on popular Internet forum Sohu.com relating to a boycott of Carrefour have been deleted." Chinese protesters organized boycotts of the French-owned retail chain Carrefour in major Chinese cities including Kunming, Hefei and Wuhan, accusing the French nation of pro-secessionist conspiracy and anti-Chinese racism. Some burned French flags, some added Nazism's Swastika to the French flag, and spread short online messages calling for large protests in front of French consulates and embassy. The Carrefour boycott was met with anti-boycott demonstrators who insisted on entering one of the Carrefour stores in Kunming, only to be blocked by boycotters wielding large Chinese flags and hit by water bottles. The BBC reported that hundreds of people demonstrated in Beijing, Wuhan, Hefei, Kunming and Qingdao.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: China

text: In

text: China

text: the

text: torch

text: was

text: first

text: welcomed

text: by

text: Politburo

text: Standing

text: Committee

text: member

text: Zhou

text: Yongkang

text: and

text: State

text: Councilor

text: Liu

text: Yandong

text: It

text: was

text: subsequently

text: passed

text: onto

text: CPC

text: General

text: Secretary

text: Hu

text: Jintao

text: A

text: call

text: to

text: boycott

text: French

text: hypermart

text: Carrefour

text: from

text: May

text: began

text: spreading

text: through

text: mobile

text: text

text: messaging

text: and

text: online

text: chat

text: rooms

text: amongst

text: the

text: Chinese

text: over

text: the

text: weekend

text: from

text: April

text: accusing

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: major

text: shareholder

text: the

text: LVMH

text: Group

text: of

text: donating

text: funds

text: to

text: the

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: There

text: were

text: also

text: calls

text: to

text: extend

text: the

text: boycott

text: to

text: include

text: French

text: luxury

text: goods

text: and

text: cosmetic

text: products

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Washington

text: Times

text: on

text: April

text: however

text: the

text: Chinese

text: government

text: was

text: attempting

text: to

text: calm

text: the

text: situation

text: through

text: censorship

text: All

text: comments

text: posted

text: on

text: popular

text: Internet

text: forum

text: Sohu.com

text: relating

text: to

text: a

text: boycott

text: of

text: Carrefour

text: have

text: been

text: deleted

text: Chinese

text: protesters

text: organized

text: boycotts

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: owned

text: retail

text: chain

text: Carrefour

text: in

text: major

text: Chinese

text: cities

text: including

text: Kunming

text: Hefei

text: and

text: Wuhan

text: accusing

text: the

text: French

text: nation

text: of

text: pro

text: secessionist

text: conspiracy

text: and

text: anti

text: Chinese

text: racism

text: Some

text: burned

text: French

text: flags

text: some

text: added

text: Nazism

text: 's

text: Swastika

text: to

text: the

text: French

text: flag

text: and

text: spread

text: short

text: online

text: messages

text: calling

text: for

text: large

text: protests

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: French

text: consulates

text: and

text: embassy

text: The

text: Carrefour

text: boycott

text: was

text: met

text: with

text: anti

text: boycott

text: demonstrators

text: who

text: insisted

text: on

text: entering

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Carrefour

text: stores

text: in

text: Kunming

text: only

text: to

text: be

text: blocked

text: by

text: boycotters

text: wielding

text: large

text: Chinese

text: flags

text: and

text: hit

text: by

text: water

text: bottles

text: The

text: BBC

text: reported

text: that

text: hundreds

text: of

text: people

text: demonstrated

text: in

text: Beijing

text: Wuhan

text: Hefei

text: Kunming

text: and

text: Qingdao

question: Action was taken to boycott which company?

answer: Carrefour

text: Carrefour

question: Who was the biggest shareholder of Carrefour?

answer: the LVMH Group

text: the LVMH Group

question: What did some protesters burn?

answer: the French flag

text: the French flag

question: Where were anti-protesters blocked from entering a Carrefour store with Chinese flags?

answer: Kunming

text: Kunming

question: Who was said to have given money to the Dalai Lama?

answer: the LVMH Group

text: the LVMH Group

question: What method did the Chinese government use to ease the boycott situation?

answer: censorship

text: censorship

question: What French company was being boycotted?

answer: Carrefour

text: Carrefour


text: Galicia is poetically known as the "country of the thousand rivers" ("o país dos mil ríos"). The largest and most important of these rivers is the Minho, known as O Pai Miño (Father Minho), 307.5 km (191.1 mi) long and discharging 419 m3 (548 cu yd) per second, with its affluent the Sil, which has created a spectacular canyon. Most of the rivers in the inland are tributaries of this fluvial system, which drains some 17,027 km2 (6,574 sq mi). Other rivers run directly into the Atlantic Ocean as Lérez or the Cantabrian Sea, most of them having short courses. Only the Navia, Ulla, Tambre, and Limia have courses longer than 100 km (62 mi).

title: Galicia_(Spain)

title: Galicia_(Spain

text: Galicia

text: is

text: poetically

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: country

text: of

text: the

text: thousand

text: rivers

text: o

text: país

text: dos

text: mil

text: ríos

text: The

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: important

text: of

text: these

text: rivers

text: is

text: the

text: Minho

text: known

text: as

text: O

text: Pai

text: Miño

text: Father

text: Minho

text: km

text: mi

text: long

text: and

text: discharging

text: cu

text: yd

text: per

text: second

text: with

text: its

text: affluent

text: the

text: Sil

text: which

text: has

text: created

text: a

text: spectacular

text: canyon

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: rivers

text: in

text: the

text: inland

text: are

text: tributaries

text: of

text: this

text: fluvial

text: system

text: which

text: drains

text: some

text: sq

text: mi

text: Other

text: rivers

text: run

text: directly

text: into

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: as

text: Lérez

text: or

text: the

text: Cantabrian

text: Sea

text: most

text: of

text: them

text: having

text: short

text: courses

text: Only

text: the

text: Navia

text: Ulla

text: Tambre

text: and

text: Limia

text: have

text: courses

text: longer

text: than

text: km

text: mi

question: What is Galicia is poetically known as?

answer: country of the thousand rivers

text: country of the thousand rivers

question: What is its longest river?

answer: Minho

text: Minho


text: In Majorcan, unstressed vowels reduce to four: /a e ɛ/ follow the Eastern Catalan reduction pattern; however /o ɔ/ reduce to [o], with /u/ remaining distinct, as in Western Catalan.

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: In

text: Majorcan

text: unstressed

text: vowels

text: reduce

text: to

text: four

text: /a

text: e

text: ɛ/

text: follow

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Catalan

text: reduction

text: pattern

text: however

text: /o

text: ɔ/

text: reduce

text: to

text: o

text: with

text: /u/

text: remaining

text: distinct

text: as

text: in

text: Western

text: Catalan

question: In what language do unstressed vowels reduce to four?

answer: Majorcan

text: Majorcan

question: What reduction pattern do some vowels follow?

answer: Eastern Catalan

text: Eastern Catalan

question: What other pattern do other vowels follow?

answer: Western Catalan

text: Western Catalan

question: What letter remains distinct?

answer: /u/

text: /u/

question: /u/ remaining distinct is like what form of Catalan?

answer: Western Catalan

text: Western Catalan


text: NARA also maintains the Presidential Library system, a nationwide network of libraries for preserving and making available the documents of U.S. presidents since Herbert Hoover. The Presidential Libraries include:

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: NARA

text: also

text: maintains

text: the

text: Presidential

text: Library

text: system

text: a

text: nationwide

text: network

text: of

text: libraries

text: for

text: preserving

text: and

text: making

text: available

text: the

text: documents

text: of

text: U.S.

text: presidents

text: since

text: Herbert

text: Hoover

text: The

text: Presidential

text: Libraries

text: include

question: What agency maintains the Presidential Library system?

answer: NARA

text: NARA

question: What is the system that preserves the documents of US Presidents?

answer: Presidential Library system

text: Presidential Library system

question: Who is the earliest President that is represented in the archives of the Presidential Library system?

answer: Herbert Hoover

text: Herbert Hoover

question: In what area of the US can one find the Presidential Library system libraries?

answer: nationwide

text: nationwide


text: An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element. Alloys are defined by metallic bonding character. An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions). Intermetallic compounds are alloys with a defined stoichiometry and crystal structure. Zintl phases are also sometimes considered alloys depending on bond types (see also: Van Arkel-Ketelaar triangle for information on classifying bonding in binary compounds).

title: Alloy

title: Alloy

text: An

text: alloy

text: is

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: metals

text: or

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: a

text: metal

text: and

text: another

text: element

text: Alloys

text: are

text: defined

text: by

text: metallic

text: bonding

text: character

text: An

text: alloy

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: solid

text: solution

text: of

text: metal

text: elements

text: a

text: single

text: phase

text: or

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: metallic

text: phases

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: solutions

text: Intermetallic

text: compounds

text: are

text: alloys

text: with

text: a

text: defined

text: stoichiometry

text: and

text: crystal

text: structure

text: Zintl

text: phases

text: are

text: also

text: sometimes

text: considered

text: alloys

text: depending

text: on

text: bond

text: types

text: see

text: also

text: Van

text: Arkel

text: Ketelaar

text: triangle

text: for

text: information

text: on

text: classifying

text: bonding

text: in

text: binary

text: compounds

question: What is an alloy?

answer: a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element

text: a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element

question: What are alloys defined by?

answer: metallic bonding character

text: metallic bonding character

question: When are Zintl considered alloys?

answer: depending on bond types

text: depending on bond types

question: What is solid solution metal elements classified as?

answer: a single phase

text: a single phase


text: Neuroanatomists usually divide the vertebrate brain into six main regions: the telencephalon (cerebral hemispheres), diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus), mesencephalon (midbrain), cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata. Each of these areas has a complex internal structure. Some parts, such as the cerebral cortex and the cerebellar cortex, consist of layers that are folded or convoluted to fit within the available space. Other parts, such as the thalamus and hypothalamus, consist of clusters of many small nuclei. Thousands of distinguishable areas can be identified within the vertebrate brain based on fine distinctions of neural structure, chemistry, and connectivity.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: Neuroanatomists

text: usually

text: divide

text: the

text: vertebrate

text: brain

text: into

text: six

text: main

text: regions

text: the

text: telencephalon

text: cerebral

text: hemispheres

text: diencephalon

text: thalamus

text: and

text: hypothalamus

text: mesencephalon

text: midbrain

text: cerebellum

text: pons

text: and

text: medulla

text: oblongata

text: Each

text: of

text: these

text: areas

text: has

text: a

text: complex

text: internal

text: structure

text: Some

text: parts

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: cerebral

text: cortex

text: and

text: the

text: cerebellar

text: cortex

text: consist

text: of

text: layers

text: that

text: are

text: folded

text: or

text: convoluted

text: to

text: fit

text: within

text: the

text: available

text: space

text: Other

text: parts

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: thalamus

text: and

text: hypothalamus

text: consist

text: of

text: clusters

text: of

text: many

text: small

text: nuclei

text: Thousands

text: of

text: distinguishable

text: areas

text: can

text: be

text: identified

text: within

text: the

text: vertebrate

text: brain

text: based

text: on

text: fine

text: distinctions

text: of

text: neural

text: structure

text: chemistry

text: and

text: connectivity

question: People who study the anatomy of the central nervous system are known as what?

answer: Neuroanatomists

text: Neuroanatomists

question: The cerebral hemispheres of the brain are called what?

answer: telencephalon

text: telencephalon

question: The thalamus and hypothalamus comprise what region of the brain?

answer: diencephalon

text: diencephalon

question: The midbrain region of the brain is known as what?

answer: mesencephalon

text: mesencephalon

question: Clusters of small nuclei comprise what parts of the brain?

answer: thalamus and hypothalamus

text: thalamus and hypothalamus


text: Of the third Dalai Lama, China Daily states that the "Ming dynasty showed him special favor by allowing him to pay tribute." China Daily then says that Sonam Gyatso was granted the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama in 1587 [sic!], but China Daily does not mention who granted him the title. Without mentioning the role of the Mongols, China Daily states that it was the successive Qing dynasty which established the title of Dalai Lama and his power in Tibet: "In 1653, the Qing emperor granted an honorific title to the fifth Dalai Lama and then did the same for the fifth Panchen Lama in 1713, officially establishing the titles of the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Erdeni, and their political and religious status in Tibet."

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: Of

text: the

text: third

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: China

text: Daily

text: states

text: that

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: showed

text: him

text: special

text: favor

text: by

text: allowing

text: him

text: to

text: pay

text: tribute

text: China

text: Daily

text: then

text: says

text: that

text: Sonam

text: Gyatso

text: was

text: granted

text: the

text: title

text: Dorjichang

text: or

text: Vajradhara

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: in

text: sic

text: but

text: China

text: Daily

text: does

text: not

text: mention

text: who

text: granted

text: him

text: the

text: title

text: Without

text: mentioning

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: the

text: Mongols

text: China

text: Daily

text: states

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: successive

text: Qing

text: dynasty

text: which

text: established

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: and

text: his

text: power

text: in

text: Tibet

text: In

text: the

text: Qing

text: emperor

text: granted

text: an

text: honorific

text: title

text: to

text: the

text: fifth

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: and

text: then

text: did

text: the

text: same

text: for

text: the

text: fifth

text: Panchen

text: Lama

text: in

text: officially

text: establishing

text: the

text: titles

text: of

text: the

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: and

text: the

text: Panchen

text: Erdeni

text: and

text: their

text: political

text: and

text: religious

text: status

text: in

text: Tibet

question: Who did the Ming dynasty showed favors to?

answer: the third Dalai Lama

text: the third Dalai Lama

question: What was the the third Dalai Lama allowed to do?

answer: pay tribute

text: pay tribute

question: What title was Sonam Gyatso granted in 1587?

answer: the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama

text: the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama

question: In 1653 who did the Qing emperor grant a title to?

answer: the fifth Dalai Lama

text: the fifth Dalai Lama

question: In 1713 who did the Qing emperor grant a title to?

answer: the fifth Panchen Lama

text: the fifth Panchen Lama


text: Hayek had made contact with many at the U. of Chicago in the 1940s, with Hayek's The Road to Serfdom playing a seminal role in transforming how Milton Friedman and others understood how society works. Hayek conducted a number in influential faculty seminars while at the U. of Chicago, and a number of academics worked on research projects sympathetic to some of Hayek's own, such as Aaron Director, who was active in the Chicago School in helping to fund and establish what became the "Law and Society" program in the University of Chicago Law School. Hayek, Frank Knight, Friedman and George Stigler worked together in forming the Mont Pèlerin Society, an international forum for libertarian economists. Hayek and Friedman cooperated in support of the Intercollegiate Society of Individualists, later renamed the Intercollegiate Studies Institute, an American student organisation devoted to libertarian ideas.

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: Hayek

text: had

text: made

text: contact

text: with

text: many

text: at

text: the

text: U.

text: of

text: Chicago

text: in

text: the

text: with

text: Hayek

text: 's

text: The

text: Road

text: to

text: Serfdom

text: playing

text: a

text: seminal

text: role

text: in

text: transforming

text: how

text: Milton

text: Friedman

text: and

text: others

text: understood

text: how

text: society

text: works

text: Hayek

text: conducted

text: a

text: number

text: in

text: influential

text: faculty

text: seminars

text: while

text: at

text: the

text: U.

text: of

text: Chicago

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: academics

text: worked

text: on

text: research

text: projects

text: sympathetic

text: to

text: some

text: of

text: Hayek

text: 's

text: own

text: such

text: as

text: Aaron

text: Director

text: who

text: was

text: active

text: in

text: the

text: Chicago

text: School

text: in

text: helping

text: to

text: fund

text: and

text: establish

text: what

text: became

text: the

text: Law

text: and

text: Society

text: program

text: in

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Chicago

text: Law

text: School

text: Hayek

text: Frank

text: Knight

text: Friedman

text: and

text: George

text: Stigler

text: worked

text: together

text: in

text: forming

text: the

text: Mont

text: Pèlerin

text: Society

text: an

text: international

text: forum

text: for

text: libertarian

text: economists

text: Hayek

text: and

text: Friedman

text: cooperated

text: in

text: support

text: of

text: the

text: Intercollegiate

text: Society

text: of

text: Individualists

text: later

text: renamed

text: the

text: Intercollegiate

text: Studies

text: Institute

text: an

text: American

text: student

text: organisation

text: devoted

text: to

text: libertarian

text: ideas

question: Which of Hayek's works had a profound influence on those at the University of Chicago?

answer: The Road to Serfdom

text: The Road to Serfdom

question: Who played a critical role in the formation of the Law and Society program?

answer: Aaron Director

text: Aaron Director

question: What group did Hayek form with three other people?

answer: Mont Pèlerin Society

text: Mont Pèlerin Society

question: What was the group that Friedman and Hayek supported later renamed to?

answer: Intercollegiate Studies Institute

text: Intercollegiate Studies Institute


text: The first example is taken from the opening lines of the folk-epic Beowulf, a poem of some 3,000 lines and the single greatest work of Old English. This passage describes how Hrothgar's legendary ancestor Scyld was found as a baby, washed ashore, and adopted by a noble family. The translation is literal and represents the original poetic word order. As such, it is not typical of Old English prose. The modern cognates of original words have been used whenever practical to give a close approximation of the feel of the original poem.

title: Old_English

title: Old_English

text: The

text: first

text: example

text: is

text: taken

text: from

text: the

text: opening

text: lines

text: of

text: the

text: folk

text: epic

text: Beowulf

text: a

text: poem

text: of

text: some

text: lines

text: and

text: the

text: single

text: greatest

text: work

text: of

text: Old

text: English

text: This

text: passage

text: describes

text: how

text: Hrothgar

text: 's

text: legendary

text: ancestor

text: Scyld

text: was

text: found

text: as

text: a

text: baby

text: washed

text: ashore

text: and

text: adopted

text: by

text: a

text: noble

text: family

text: The

text: translation

text: is

text: literal

text: and

text: represents

text: the

text: original

text: poetic

text: word

text: order

text: As

text: such

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: typical

text: of

text: Old

text: English

text: prose

text: The

text: modern

text: cognates

text: of

text: original

text: words

text: have

text: been

text: used

text: whenever

text: practical

text: to

text: give

text: a

text: close

text: approximation

text: of

text: the

text: feel

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: poem

question: What is regarded as the greatest literary work in Old English?

answer: Beowulf

text: Beowulf

question: About how many lines was Beowulf?

answer: 3,000

question: Who was Hrothgar a descendant of?

answer: Scyld

text: Scyld

question: Who adopted Hrothgar's ancestor?

answer: a noble family

text: a noble family


text: Agricultural diversity can also be divided by whether it is ‘planned’ diversity or ‘associated’ diversity. This is a functional classification that we impose and not an intrinsic feature of life or diversity. Planned diversity includes the crops which a farmer has encouraged, planted or raised (e.g.: crops, covers, symbionts and livestock, among others), which can be contrasted with the associated diversity that arrives among the crops, uninvited (e.g.: herbivores, weed species and pathogens, among others).

title: Biodiversity

title: Biodiversity

text: Agricultural

text: diversity

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: divided

text: by

text: whether

text: it

text: is

text: planned’

text: diversity

text: or

text: associated’

text: diversity

text: This

text: is

text: a

text: functional

text: classification

text: that

text: we

text: impose

text: and

text: not

text: an

text: intrinsic

text: feature

text: of

text: life

text: or

text: diversity

text: Planned

text: diversity

text: includes

text: the

text: crops

text: which

text: a

text: farmer

text: has

text: encouraged

text: planted

text: or

text: raised

text: e.g.

text: crops

text: covers

text: symbionts

text: and

text: livestock

text: among

text: others

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: contrasted

text: with

text: the

text: associated

text: diversity

text: that

text: arrives

text: among

text: the

text: crops

text: uninvited

text: e.g.

text: herbivores

text: weed

text: species

text: and

text: pathogens

text: among

text: others

question: What are two types of Agricultural diversity?

answer: ‘planned’ diversity or ‘associated’ diversity

text: ‘planned’ diversity or ‘associated’ diversity

question: What type of diversity includes the crops which a farmer has encouraged, planted or raised?

answer: Planned diversity

text: Planned diversity

question: What type of diversity arrives uninvited?

answer: associated diversity

text: associated diversity

question: What type of diversity includes herbivores and pathogens?

answer: associated diversity

text: associated diversity


text: Since before 2000 BC, humans have utilized pesticides to protect their crops. The first known pesticide was elemental sulfur dusting used in ancient Sumer about 4,500 years ago in ancient Mesopotamia. The Rig Veda, which is about 4,000 years old, mentions the use of poisonous plants for pest control. By the 15th century, toxic chemicals such as arsenic, mercury, and lead were being applied to crops to kill pests. In the 17th century, nicotine sulfate was extracted from tobacco leaves for use as an insecticide. The 19th century saw the introduction of two more natural pesticides, pyrethrum, which is derived from chrysanthemums, and rotenone, which is derived from the roots of tropical vegetables. Until the 1950s, arsenic-based pesticides were dominant. Paul Müller discovered that DDT was a very effective insecticide. Organochlorines such as DDT were dominant, but they were replaced in the U.S. by organophosphates and carbamates by 1975. Since then, pyrethrin compounds have become the dominant insecticide. Herbicides became common in the 1960s, led by "triazine and other nitrogen-based compounds, carboxylic acids such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and glyphosate".

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: Since

text: before

text: BC

text: humans

text: have

text: utilized

text: pesticides

text: to

text: protect

text: their

text: crops

text: The

text: first

text: known

text: pesticide

text: was

text: elemental

text: sulfur

text: dusting

text: used

text: in

text: ancient

text: Sumer

text: about

text: years

text: ago

text: in

text: ancient

text: Mesopotamia

text: The

text: Rig

text: Veda

text: which

text: is

text: about

text: years

text: old

text: mentions

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: poisonous

text: plants

text: for

text: pest

text: control

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: toxic

text: chemicals

text: such

text: as

text: arsenic

text: mercury

text: and

text: lead

text: were

text: being

text: applied

text: to

text: crops

text: to

text: kill

text: pests

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: nicotine

text: sulfate

text: was

text: extracted

text: from

text: tobacco

text: leaves

text: for

text: use

text: as

text: an

text: insecticide

text: The

text: century

text: saw

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: two

text: more

text: natural

text: pesticides

text: pyrethrum

text: which

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: chrysanthemums

text: and

text: rotenone

text: which

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: roots

text: of

text: tropical

text: vegetables

text: Until

text: the

text: arsenic

text: based

text: pesticides

text: were

text: dominant

text: Paul

text: Müller

text: discovered

text: that

text: DDT

text: was

text: a

text: very

text: effective

text: insecticide

text: Organochlorines

text: such

text: as

text: DDT

text: were

text: dominant

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: replaced

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: by

text: organophosphates

text: and

text: carbamates

text: by

text: Since

text: then

text: pyrethrin

text: compounds

text: have

text: become

text: the

text: dominant

text: insecticide

text: Herbicides

text: became

text: common

text: in

text: the

text: led

text: by

text: triazine

text: and

text: other

text: nitrogen

text: based

text: compounds

text: carboxylic

text: acids

text: such

text: as

text: acid

text: and

text: glyphosate

question: What is the earliest records of humans using pesticides?

answer: before 2000 BC

text: before 2000 BC

question: What was used as a insecticide in the 17th century?

answer: nicotine sulfate

text: nicotine sulfate

question: What decade did herbicides become common?

answer: 1960s

question: Who can be credited with finding out DDT is useful as an insecticide?

answer: Paul Müller

text: Paul Müller

question: What is the source used to exact nicotine sulfate?

answer: tobacco leaves

text: tobacco leaves


text: The Medieval period includes music from after the fall of Rome to about 1400. Monophonic chant, also called plainsong or Gregorian chant, was the dominant form until about 1100. Polyphonic (multi-voiced) music developed from monophonic chant throughout the late Middle Ages and into the Renaissance, including the more complex voicings of motets.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: The

text: Medieval

text: period

text: includes

text: music

text: from

text: after

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Rome

text: to

text: about

text: Monophonic

text: chant

text: also

text: called

text: plainsong

text: or

text: Gregorian

text: chant

text: was

text: the

text: dominant

text: form

text: until

text: about

text: Polyphonic

text: multi

text: voiced

text: music

text: developed

text: from

text: monophonic

text: chant

text: throughout

text: the

text: late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: and

text: into

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: including

text: the

text: more

text: complex

text: voicings

text: of

text: motets

question: The Medieval period begins with the fall of what city?

answer: Rome

text: Rome

question: What can Plainsong or Gregorian chant also be called?

answer: Monophonic chant

text: Monophonic chant

question: What does Polyphonic mean?

answer: multi-voiced

text: multi-voiced

question: When did Monophonic chant stop being the dominant form?

answer: 1100

question: Polyphonic music included more complex voicing of what?

answer: motets

text: motets


text: In 1988, the civil rights leader Jesse Jackson urged Americans to use instead the term "African American" because it had a historical cultural base and was a construction similar to terms used by European descendants, such as German American, Italian American, etc. Since then, African American and black have often had parallel status. However, controversy continues over which if any of the two terms is more appropriate. Maulana Karenga argues that the term African-American is more appropriate because it accurately articulates their geographical and historical origin.[citation needed] Others have argued that "black" is a better term because "African" suggests foreignness, although Black Americans helped found the United States. Still others believe that the term black is inaccurate because African Americans have a variety of skin tones. Some surveys suggest that the majority of Black Americans have no preference for "African American" or "Black", although they have a slight preference for "black" in personal settings and "African American" in more formal settings.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: In

text: the

text: civil

text: rights

text: leader

text: Jesse

text: Jackson

text: urged

text: Americans

text: to

text: use

text: instead

text: the

text: term

text: African

text: American

text: because

text: it

text: had

text: a

text: historical

text: cultural

text: base

text: and

text: was

text: a

text: construction

text: similar

text: to

text: terms

text: used

text: by

text: European

text: descendants

text: such

text: as

text: German

text: American

text: Italian

text: American

text: etc

text: Since

text: then

text: African

text: American

text: and

text: black

text: have

text: often

text: had

text: parallel

text: status

text: However

text: controversy

text: continues

text: over

text: which

text: if

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: terms

text: is

text: more

text: appropriate

text: Maulana

text: Karenga

text: argues

text: that

text: the

text: term

text: African

text: American

text: is

text: more

text: appropriate

text: because

text: it

text: accurately

text: articulates

text: their

text: geographical

text: and

text: historical

text: origin.[citation

text: needed

text: Others

text: have

text: argued

text: that

text: black

text: is

text: a

text: better

text: term

text: because

text: African

text: suggests

text: foreignness

text: although

text: Black

text: Americans

text: helped

text: found

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Still

text: others

text: believe

text: that

text: the

text: term

text: black

text: is

text: inaccurate

text: because

text: African

text: Americans

text: have

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: skin

text: tones

text: Some

text: surveys

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: Black

text: Americans

text: have

text: no

text: preference

text: for

text: African

text: American

text: or

text: Black

text: although

text: they

text: have

text: a

text: slight

text: preference

text: for

text: black

text: in

text: personal

text: settings

text: and

text: African

text: American

text: in

text: more

text: formal

text: settings

question: Who argued for Americans to use the term "African American"?

answer: Jesse Jackson

text: Jesse Jackson

question: What year did Jesse Jackson make this argument?

answer: 1988

question: Why did Jackson want this term to be used?

answer: it had a historical cultural base and was a construction similar to terms used by European descendants

text: it had a historical cultural base and was a construction similar to terms used by European descendants

question: Who also argued for the term "African American"?

answer: African-American

text: African-American

question: Why did some argue that "black" was the better term?

answer: because "African" suggests foreignness

text: because "African" suggests foreignness


text: In the wake of the United States' economic downturn and the legalization of gambling in adjacent and nearby states (including Delaware, Maryland, New York, and Pennsylvania), four casino closures took place in 2014: the Atlantic Club on January 13; the Showboat on August 31; the Revel, which was Atlantic City's second-newest casino, on September 2; and Trump Plaza, which originally opened in 1984, and was the poorest performing casino in the city, on September 16.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: In

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: economic

text: downturn

text: and

text: the

text: legalization

text: of

text: gambling

text: in

text: adjacent

text: and

text: nearby

text: states

text: including

text: Delaware

text: Maryland

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: Pennsylvania

text: four

text: casino

text: closures

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Club

text: on

text: January

text: the

text: Showboat

text: on

text: August

text: the

text: Revel

text: which

text: was

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: 's

text: second

text: newest

text: casino

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: Trump

text: Plaza

text: which

text: originally

text: opened

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: poorest

text: performing

text: casino

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: on

text: September

question: How many casino closures took place in Atlantic City in 2014?

answer: four

text: four

question: What was the name of the poorest performing casino in the city that ultimately closed in 2014?

answer: Trump Plaza

text: Trump Plaza

question: What year did Trump Plaza originally open?

answer: 1984

question: What was the name of Atlantic City's second-newest casino that ultimately closed in 2014?

answer: Revel

text: Revel

question: What was the name of the first casino to close in 2014?

answer: Atlantic Club

text: Atlantic Club


text: Portuguese law applied in the former colonies and territories and continues to be the major influence for those countries. Portugal's main police organizations are the Guarda Nacional Republicana – GNR (National Republican Guard), a gendarmerie; the Polícia de Segurança Pública – PSP (Public Security Police), a civilian police force who work in urban areas; and the Polícia Judiciária – PJ (Judicial Police), a highly specialized criminal investigation police that is overseen by the Public Ministry.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Portuguese

text: law

text: applied

text: in

text: the

text: former

text: colonies

text: and

text: territories

text: and

text: continues

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: major

text: influence

text: for

text: those

text: countries

text: Portugal

text: 's

text: main

text: police

text: organizations

text: are

text: the

text: Guarda

text: Nacional

text: Republicana

text: GNR

text: National

text: Republican

text: Guard

text: a

text: gendarmerie

text: the

text: Polícia

text: de

text: Segurança

text: Pública

text: PSP

text: Public

text: Security

text: Police

text: a

text: civilian

text: police

text: force

text: who

text: work

text: in

text: urban

text: areas

text: and

text: the

text: Polícia

text: Judiciária

text: PJ

text: Judicial

text: Police

text: a

text: highly

text: specialized

text: criminal

text: investigation

text: police

text: that

text: is

text: overseen

text: by

text: the

text: Public

text: Ministry

question: Portuguese law continues to be a major influence for what?

answer: former colonies and territories

text: former colonies and territories

question: What is the Policia de Seguranca Publica - PSP (Public Security Police)?

answer: a civilian police force who work in urban areas

text: a civilian police force who work in urban areas

question: What is the Policia Judiciaria - PJ (Judicial Police)?

answer: a highly specialized criminal investigation police

text: a highly specialized criminal investigation police

question: Which entity oversees the Judicial Police?

answer: the Public Ministry.

text: the Public Ministry.


text: Lions are said to inhabit the mountains of the Gash-Barka Region. There is also a small population of elephants that roam in some parts of the country. Dik-diks can also be found in many areas. The endangered African wild ass can be seen in Denakalia Region. Other local wildlife include bushbucks, duikers, greater kudus, klipspringers, African leopards, oryxs and crocodiles., The spotted hyena is widespread and fairly common. Between 1955 and 2001 there were no reported sightings of elephant herds, and they are thought to have fallen victim to the war of independence. In December 2001 a herd of about 30, including 10 juveniles, was observed in the vicinity of the Gash River. The elephants seemed to have formed a symbiotic relationship with olive baboons, with the baboons using the water holes dug by the elephants, while the elephants use the tree-top baboons as an early warning system.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: Lions

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: inhabit

text: the

text: mountains

text: of

text: the

text: Gash

text: Barka

text: Region

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: small

text: population

text: of

text: elephants

text: that

text: roam

text: in

text: some

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Dik

text: diks

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: many

text: areas

text: The

text: endangered

text: African

text: wild

text: ass

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: in

text: Denakalia

text: Region

text: Other

text: local

text: wildlife

text: include

text: bushbucks

text: duikers

text: greater

text: kudus

text: klipspringers

text: African

text: leopards

text: oryxs

text: and

text: crocodiles

text: The

text: spotted

text: hyena

text: is

text: widespread

text: and

text: fairly

text: common

text: Between

text: and

text: there

text: were

text: no

text: reported

text: sightings

text: of

text: elephant

text: herds

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: fallen

text: victim

text: to

text: the

text: war

text: of

text: independence

text: In

text: December

text: a

text: herd

text: of

text: about

text: including

text: juveniles

text: was

text: observed

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: of

text: the

text: Gash

text: River

text: The

text: elephants

text: seemed

text: to

text: have

text: formed

text: a

text: symbiotic

text: relationship

text: with

text: olive

text: baboons

text: with

text: the

text: baboons

text: using

text: the

text: water

text: holes

text: dug

text: by

text: the

text: elephants

text: while

text: the

text: elephants

text: use

text: the

text: tree

text: top

text: baboons

text: as

text: an

text: early

text: warning

text: system

question: What big cat is said to inhabit the mountains of the Gash-Barka Region?

answer: Lions

text: Lions

question: In December 2001, how many elephants were seen in the vicinity of the Gash River?

answer: about 30

text: about 30

question: What species did the elephants at the Gash River seem to form a symbiotic relationship with?

answer: olive baboons

text: olive baboons

question: Which animal herds were thought to have fallen victim to the war of independence?

answer: elephant

text: elephant


text: There is a sizeable Greek minority of about 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey, which numbered upwards of 200,000 people after the 1923 exchange, has now dwindled to a few thousand, after the 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored violence and discrimination. This effectively ended, though not entirely, the three-thousand-year-old presence of Hellenism in Asia Minor. There are smaller Greek minorities in the rest of the Balkan countries, the Levant and the Black Sea states, remnants of the Old Greek Diaspora (pre-19th century).

title: Greeks

title: Greeks

text: There

text: is

text: a

text: sizeable

text: Greek

text: minority

text: of

text: about

text: disputed

text: sources

text: claim

text: higher

text: people

text: in

text: Albania

text: The

text: Greek

text: minority

text: of

text: Turkey

text: which

text: numbered

text: upwards

text: of

text: people

text: after

text: the

text: exchange

text: has

text: now

text: dwindled

text: to

text: a

text: few

text: thousand

text: after

text: the

text: Constantinople

text: Pogrom

text: and

text: other

text: state

text: sponsored

text: violence

text: and

text: discrimination

text: This

text: effectively

text: ended

text: though

text: not

text: entirely

text: the

text: three

text: thousand

text: year

text: old

text: presence

text: of

text: Hellenism

text: in

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: There

text: are

text: smaller

text: Greek

text: minorities

text: in

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: Balkan

text: countries

text: the

text: Levant

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: states

text: remnants

text: of

text: the

text: Old

text: Greek

text: Diaspora

text: century

question: What other countries boast of a Greek populace ?

answer: 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey

text: 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey

question: What acts have caused the population of Greeks to be numbered so few in the country who name is reminiscent of a big American holiday?

answer: 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored violence and discrimination.

text: 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored violence and discrimination.

question: How long was there a Greek influence represented in "little" Asia ?

answer: the three-thousand-year-old presence of Hellenism in Asia Minor

text: the three-thousand-year-old presence of Hellenism in Asia Minor

question: Are there any Greek who still live in the area around the dark sea in any majority of numbers?

answer: smaller Greek minorities in the rest of the Balkan countries, the Levant and the Black Sea states,

text: smaller Greek minorities in the rest of the Balkan countries, the Levant and the Black Sea states,


text: If the Spanish monarch ever refused in conscience to grant royal assent, a procedure similar to the Belgian handling of King Baudouin's objection would not be possible under the current constitution. If the sovereign were ever declared incapable of discharging royal authority, his or her powers would not be transferred to the Cabinet, pending the parliamentary appointment of a regency. Instead, the constitution mandates the next person of age in the line of succession would immediately become regent. Therefore, had Juan Carlos followed the Belgian example in 2005 or 2010, a declaration of incapacity would have transferred power to Felipe, then the heir apparent.

title: Royal_assent

title: Royal_assent

text: If

text: the

text: Spanish

text: monarch

text: ever

text: refused

text: in

text: conscience

text: to

text: grant

text: royal

text: assent

text: a

text: procedure

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: Belgian

text: handling

text: of

text: King

text: Baudouin

text: 's

text: objection

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: possible

text: under

text: the

text: current

text: constitution

text: If

text: the

text: sovereign

text: were

text: ever

text: declared

text: incapable

text: of

text: discharging

text: royal

text: authority

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: powers

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: transferred

text: to

text: the

text: Cabinet

text: pending

text: the

text: parliamentary

text: appointment

text: of

text: a

text: regency

text: Instead

text: the

text: constitution

text: mandates

text: the

text: next

text: person

text: of

text: age

text: in

text: the

text: line

text: of

text: succession

text: would

text: immediately

text: become

text: regent

text: Therefore

text: had

text: Juan

text: Carlos

text: followed

text: the

text: Belgian

text: example

text: in

text: or

text: a

text: declaration

text: of

text: incapacity

text: would

text: have

text: transferred

text: power

text: to

text: Felipe

text: then

text: the

text: heir

text: apparent

question: If the Spanish monarch is deemed incapable of granting assent, who is the power transferred to?

answer: the next person of age in the line of succession

text: the next person of age in the line of succession

question: Could a Spanish ruler follow the same action of events as King Baudouin did in Belgium?

answer: not be possible under the current constitution

text: not be possible under the current constitution


text: Three of the women claimed he had grabbed their breasts, a fourth said he placed his hand under her skirt on her buttock. A fifth woman claimed Schwarzenegger tried to take off her bathing suit in a hotel elevator, and the last said he pulled her onto his lap and asked her about a sex act.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Three

text: of

text: the

text: women

text: claimed

text: he

text: had

text: grabbed

text: their

text: breasts

text: a

text: fourth

text: said

text: he

text: placed

text: his

text: hand

text: under

text: her

text: skirt

text: on

text: her

text: buttock

text: A

text: fifth

text: woman

text: claimed

text: Schwarzenegger

text: tried

text: to

text: take

text: off

text: her

text: bathing

text: suit

text: in

text: a

text: hotel

text: elevator

text: and

text: the

text: last

text: said

text: he

text: pulled

text: her

text: onto

text: his

text: lap

text: and

text: asked

text: her

text: about

text: a

text: sex

text: act

question: One woman accused Schwarzenegger of trying to remove what item of clothing?

answer: bathing suit

text: bathing suit


text: Theravada ("Doctrine of the Elders", or "Ancient Doctrine") is the oldest surviving Buddhist school. It is relatively conservative, and generally closest to early Buddhism. The name Theravāda comes from the ancestral Sthāvirīya, one of the early Buddhist schools, from which the Theravadins claim descent. After unsuccessfully trying to modify the Vinaya, a small group of "elderly members", i.e. sthaviras, broke away from the majority Mahāsāṃghika during the Second Buddhist council, giving rise to the Sthavira sect. Sinhalese Buddhist reformers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries portrayed the Pali Canon as the original version of scripture. They also emphasized Theravada being rational and scientific.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Theravada

text: Doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Elders

text: or

text: Ancient

text: Doctrine

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: surviving

text: Buddhist

text: school

text: It

text: is

text: relatively

text: conservative

text: and

text: generally

text: closest

text: to

text: early

text: Buddhism

text: The

text: name

text: Theravāda

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: ancestral

text: Sthāvirīya

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: Buddhist

text: schools

text: from

text: which

text: the

text: Theravadins

text: claim

text: descent

text: After

text: unsuccessfully

text: trying

text: to

text: modify

text: the

text: Vinaya

text: a

text: small

text: group

text: of

text: elderly

text: members

text: i.e.

text: sthaviras

text: broke

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: majority

text: Mahāsāṃghika

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: Buddhist

text: council

text: giving

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: Sthavira

text: sect

text: Sinhalese

text: Buddhist

text: reformers

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: nineteenth

text: and

text: early

text: twentieth

text: centuries

text: portrayed

text: the

text: Pali

text: Canon

text: as

text: the

text: original

text: version

text: of

text: scripture

text: They

text: also

text: emphasized

text: Theravada

text: being

text: rational

text: and

text: scientific

question: What is the oldest surviving Buddhist school?

answer: Theravada

text: Theravada

question: Where does the name theravada come from?

answer: ancestral Sthāvirīya

text: ancestral Sthāvirīya

question: Sinhalese buddhist reformer portrayed what Canon as the original version of scripture?

answer: Pali Canon

text: Pali Canon


text: In Classical Antiquity, the inquiry into the workings of the universe took place both in investigations aimed at such practical goals as establishing a reliable calendar or determining how to cure a variety of illnesses and in those abstract investigations known as natural philosophy. The ancient people who are considered the first scientists may have thought of themselves as natural philosophers, as practitioners of a skilled profession (for example, physicians), or as followers of a religious tradition (for example, temple healers).

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: In

text: Classical

text: Antiquity

text: the

text: inquiry

text: into

text: the

text: workings

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: took

text: place

text: both

text: in

text: investigations

text: aimed

text: at

text: such

text: practical

text: goals

text: as

text: establishing

text: a

text: reliable

text: calendar

text: or

text: determining

text: how

text: to

text: cure

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: illnesses

text: and

text: in

text: those

text: abstract

text: investigations

text: known

text: as

text: natural

text: philosophy

text: The

text: ancient

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: considered

text: the

text: first

text: scientists

text: may

text: have

text: thought

text: of

text: themselves

text: as

text: natural

text: philosophers

text: as

text: practitioners

text: of

text: a

text: skilled

text: profession

text: for

text: example

text: physicians

text: or

text: as

text: followers

text: of

text: a

text: religious

text: tradition

text: for

text: example

text: temple

text: healers

question: Which era was marked by investigating the universe?

answer: Classical Antiquity

text: Classical Antiquity

question: What type of science are making a calendar and finding cures for diseases a part of?

answer: natural philosophy

text: natural philosophy

question: What is an example of skilled professionals?

answer: physicians

text: physicians

question: What is an example of religious devotee?

answer: temple healers

text: temple healers

question: What would the first scientists have been considered?

answer: natural philosophers

text: natural philosophers


text: In 1999, there was a double homicide in the Westside Clothing store on Lincoln Boulevard. During the incident, Culver City gang members David "Puppet" Robles and Jesse "Psycho" Garcia entered the store masked and began opening fire, killing Anthony and Michael Juarez. They then ran outside to a getaway vehicle driven by a third Culver City gang member, who is now also in custody. The clothing store was believed to be a local hang out for Santa Monica gang members. The dead included two men from Northern California who had merely been visiting the store's owner, their cousin, to see if they could open a similar store in their area. Police say the incident was in retaliation for a shooting committed by the Santa Monica 13 gang days before the Juarez brothers were gunned down.

title: Santa_Monica,_California

title: Santa_Monica,_California

text: In

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: double

text: homicide

text: in

text: the

text: Westside

text: Clothing

text: store

text: on

text: Lincoln

text: Boulevard

text: During

text: the

text: incident

text: Culver

text: City

text: gang

text: members

text: David

text: Puppet

text: Robles

text: and

text: Jesse

text: Psycho

text: Garcia

text: entered

text: the

text: store

text: masked

text: and

text: began

text: opening

text: fire

text: killing

text: Anthony

text: and

text: Michael

text: Juarez

text: They

text: then

text: ran

text: outside

text: to

text: a

text: getaway

text: vehicle

text: driven

text: by

text: a

text: third

text: Culver

text: City

text: gang

text: member

text: who

text: is

text: now

text: also

text: in

text: custody

text: The

text: clothing

text: store

text: was

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: local

text: hang

text: out

text: for

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: gang

text: members

text: The

text: dead

text: included

text: two

text: men

text: from

text: Northern

text: California

text: who

text: had

text: merely

text: been

text: visiting

text: the

text: store

text: 's

text: owner

text: their

text: cousin

text: to

text: see

text: if

text: they

text: could

text: open

text: a

text: similar

text: store

text: in

text: their

text: area

text: Police

text: say

text: the

text: incident

text: was

text: in

text: retaliation

text: for

text: a

text: shooting

text: committed

text: by

text: the

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: gang

text: days

text: before

text: the

text: Juarez

text: brothers

text: were

text: gunned

text: down

question: In what year was there a double homicide?

answer: 1999

question: Where was this homicide perpetrated?

answer: Westside Clothing store

text: Westside Clothing store

question: What gang is mentioned in connection with this crime?

answer: Culver City

text: Culver City

question: What two people were killed inside the store?

answer: Anthony and Michael Juarez

text: Anthony and Michael Juarez

question: Where is the getaway driver of the Culver city gang murder?

answer: in custody

text: in custody


text: Since the 1970s, an important focus of study has been the ozone layer in the atmosphere above Antarctica. In 1985, three British scientists working on data they had gathered at Halley Station on the Brunt Ice Shelf discovered the existence of a hole in this layer. It was eventually determined that the destruction of the ozone was caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) emitted by human products. With the ban of CFCs in the Montreal Protocol of 1989, climate projections indicate that the ozone layer will return to 1980 levels between 2050 and 2070.

title: Antarctica

title: Antarctica

text: Since

text: the

text: an

text: important

text: focus

text: of

text: study

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: ozone

text: layer

text: in

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: above

text: Antarctica

text: In

text: three

text: British

text: scientists

text: working

text: on

text: data

text: they

text: had

text: gathered

text: at

text: Halley

text: Station

text: on

text: the

text: Brunt

text: Ice

text: Shelf

text: discovered

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: a

text: hole

text: in

text: this

text: layer

text: It

text: was

text: eventually

text: determined

text: that

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: the

text: ozone

text: was

text: caused

text: by

text: chlorofluorocarbons

text: CFCs

text: emitted

text: by

text: human

text: products

text: With

text: the

text: ban

text: of

text: CFCs

text: in

text: the

text: Montreal

text: Protocol

text: of

text: climate

text: projections

text: indicate

text: that

text: the

text: ozone

text: layer

text: will

text: return

text: to

text: levels

text: between

text: and

question: What has been an important atmospheric study since the 1970s?

answer: ozone layer

text: ozone layer

question: When did scientists discover the hole in the ozone layer?

answer: 1985

question: Where in Antarctica is Halley Station?

answer: Brunt Ice Shelf

text: Brunt Ice Shelf

question: What chemical was discovered to have caused the hole in the ozone?

answer: chlorofluorocarbons

text: chlorofluorocarbons

question: What agreement banned the use of CFC s?

answer: Montreal Protocol

text: Montreal Protocol


text: The cloth or fiber material used, resin material, and the cloth to resin ratio determine the laminate's type designation (FR-4, CEM-1, G-10, etc.) and therefore the characteristics of the laminate produced. Important characteristics are the level to which the laminate is fire retardant, the dielectric constant (er), the loss factor (tδ), the tensile strength, the shear strength, the glass transition temperature (Tg), and the Z-axis expansion coefficient (how much the thickness changes with temperature).

title: Printed_circuit_board

title: Printed_circuit_board

text: The

text: cloth

text: or

text: fiber

text: material

text: used

text: resin

text: material

text: and

text: the

text: cloth

text: to

text: resin

text: ratio

text: determine

text: the

text: laminate

text: 's

text: type

text: designation

text: etc

text: and

text: therefore

text: the

text: characteristics

text: of

text: the

text: laminate

text: produced

text: Important

text: characteristics

text: are

text: the

text: level

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: laminate

text: is

text: fire

text: retardant

text: the

text: dielectric

text: constant

text: er

text: the

text: loss

text: factor

text: tδ

text: the

text: tensile

text: strength

text: the

text: shear

text: strength

text: the

text: glass

text: transition

text: temperature

text: Tg

text: and

text: the

text: Z

text: axis

text: expansion

text: coefficient

text: how

text: much

text: the

text: thickness

text: changes

text: with

text: temperature

question: What element of a laminate is designated by the cloth to resin ratio, among other things?

answer: type designation

text: type designation

question: What's the name for the measurement of a laminate's change in thickness as its temperature changes?

answer: Z-axis expansion coefficient

text: Z-axis expansion coefficient

question: What's the abbreviation for the glass transition temperature of a laminate?

answer: Tg

text: Tg