text: The Encyclopædia Britannica defines the Near East as including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, the West Bank, and Yemen. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations defines the region similarly, but also includes Afghanistan while excluding the countries of North Africa and the Palestinian territories. According to the National Geographic Society, the terms Near East and Middle East denote the same territories and are 'generally accepted as comprising the countries of the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories, Syria, and Turkey'.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: The

text: Encyclopædia

text: Britannica

text: defines

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: as

text: including

text: Armenia

text: Azerbaijan

text: Bahrain

text: Cyprus

text: Egypt

text: Georgia

text: Iran

text: Iraq

text: Israel

text: Jordan

text: Kuwait

text: Lebanon

text: Libya

text: Oman

text: Palestine

text: Qatar

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: Sudan

text: Syria

text: Turkey

text: the

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: and

text: Yemen

text: The

text: Food

text: and

text: Agriculture

text: Organization

text: FAO

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: defines

text: the

text: region

text: similarly

text: but

text: also

text: includes

text: Afghanistan

text: while

text: excluding

text: the

text: countries

text: of

text: North

text: Africa

text: and

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Geographic

text: Society

text: the

text: terms

text: Near

text: East

text: and

text: Middle

text: East

text: denote

text: the

text: same

text: territories

text: and

text: are

text: generally

text: accepted

text: as

text: comprising

text: the

text: countries

text: of

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: Cyprus

text: Egypt

text: Iraq

text: Iran

text: Israel

text: Jordan

text: Lebanon

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: Syria

text: and

text: Turkey

question: Who defines the Near East as including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt. Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Isreal, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, the West Bank, and Yemen?

answer: The Encyclopædia Britannica

text: The Encyclopædia Britannica

question: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations also includes what Country in the definition of Near East?

answer: Afghanistan

text: Afghanistan

question: What group believes the terms Near East and Middle East denote the same territories?

answer: the National Geographic Society

text: the National Geographic Society


text: The Hoddle Grid (dimensions of 1 by 1⁄2 mile (1.61 by 0.80 km)) forms the centre of Melbourne's central business district. The grid's southern edge fronts onto the Yarra River. Office, commercial and public developments in the adjoining districts of Southbank and Docklands have made these redeveloped areas into extensions of the CBD in all but name. The city centre has a reputation for its historic and prominent lanes and arcades (most notably Block Place and Royal Arcade) which contain a variety of shops and cafés and are a byproduct of the city's layout.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: The

text: Hoddle

text: Grid

text: dimensions

text: of

text: by

text: mile

text: by

text: km

text: forms

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: The

text: grid

text: 's

text: southern

text: edge

text: fronts

text: onto

text: the

text: Yarra

text: River

text: Office

text: commercial

text: and

text: public

text: developments

text: in

text: the

text: adjoining

text: districts

text: of

text: Southbank

text: and

text: Docklands

text: have

text: made

text: these

text: redeveloped

text: areas

text: into

text: extensions

text: of

text: the

text: CBD

text: in

text: all

text: but

text: name

text: The

text: city

text: centre

text: has

text: a

text: reputation

text: for

text: its

text: historic

text: and

text: prominent

text: lanes

text: and

text: arcades

text: most

text: notably

text: Block

text: Place

text: and

text: Royal

text: Arcade

text: which

text: contain

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: shops

text: and

text: cafés

text: and

text: are

text: a

text: byproduct

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: layout

question: What are the dimensions of the Hoddle Grid?

answer: 1 by 1⁄2 mile (1.61 by 0.80 km)

text: 1 by 1⁄2 mile (1.61 by 0.80 km)

question: What is the name of a popular arcade located within the Hoddle Grid?

answer: Royal Arcade

text: Royal Arcade

question: Which edge of the Hoddle Grid fronts onto the Yarra River?

answer: southern

text: southern


text: Religion is extremely important to the Tibetans and has a strong influence over all aspects of their lives. Bön is the ancient religion of Tibet, but has been almost eclipsed by Tibetan Buddhism, a distinctive form of Mahayana and Vajrayana, which was introduced into Tibet from the Sanskrit Buddhist tradition of northern India. Tibetan Buddhism is practiced not only in Tibet but also in Mongolia, parts of northern India, the Buryat Republic, the Tuva Republic, and in the Republic of Kalmykia and some other parts of China. During China's Cultural Revolution, nearly all Tibet's monasteries were ransacked and destroyed by the Red Guards. A few monasteries have begun to rebuild since the 1980s (with limited support from the Chinese government) and greater religious freedom has been granted – although it is still limited. Monks returned to monasteries across Tibet and monastic education resumed even though the number of monks imposed is strictly limited. Before the 1950s, between 10 and 20% of males in Tibet were monks.

title: Tibet

title: Tibet

text: Religion

text: is

text: extremely

text: important

text: to

text: the

text: Tibetans

text: and

text: has

text: a

text: strong

text: influence

text: over

text: all

text: aspects

text: of

text: their

text: lives

text: Bön

text: is

text: the

text: ancient

text: religion

text: of

text: Tibet

text: but

text: has

text: been

text: almost

text: eclipsed

text: by

text: Tibetan

text: Buddhism

text: a

text: distinctive

text: form

text: of

text: Mahayana

text: and

text: Vajrayana

text: which

text: was

text: introduced

text: into

text: Tibet

text: from

text: the

text: Sanskrit

text: Buddhist

text: tradition

text: of

text: northern

text: India

text: Tibetan

text: Buddhism

text: is

text: practiced

text: not

text: only

text: in

text: Tibet

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Mongolia

text: parts

text: of

text: northern

text: India

text: the

text: Buryat

text: Republic

text: the

text: Tuva

text: Republic

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Kalmykia

text: and

text: some

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: China

text: During

text: China

text: 's

text: Cultural

text: Revolution

text: nearly

text: all

text: Tibet

text: 's

text: monasteries

text: were

text: ransacked

text: and

text: destroyed

text: by

text: the

text: Red

text: Guards

text: A

text: few

text: monasteries

text: have

text: begun

text: to

text: rebuild

text: since

text: the

text: with

text: limited

text: support

text: from

text: the

text: Chinese

text: government

text: and

text: greater

text: religious

text: freedom

text: has

text: been

text: granted

text: although

text: it

text: is

text: still

text: limited

text: Monks

text: returned

text: to

text: monasteries

text: across

text: Tibet

text: and

text: monastic

text: education

text: resumed

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: monks

text: imposed

text: is

text: strictly

text: limited

text: Before

text: the

text: between

text: and

text: of

text: males

text: in

text: Tibet

text: were

text: monks

question: What has a strong influence over all aspect of Tibetans lives?

answer: Religion

text: Religion

question: What is the ancient religion of Tibet?

answer: Bön

text: Bön

question: When were nearly all of Tibet's monasteries destroyed by the Red Guard?

answer: During China's Cultural Revolution

text: During China's Cultural Revolution

question: When were 10 to 20% of Tibets males monks?

answer: Before the 1950s

text: Before the 1950s


text: Congress has the sole power to legislate for the United States. Under the nondelegation doctrine, Congress may not delegate its lawmaking responsibilities to any other agency. In this vein, the Supreme Court held in the 1998 case Clinton v. City of New York that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the President, by powers vested in the government by the Constitution.

title: Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution

text: Congress

text: has

text: the

text: sole

text: power

text: to

text: legislate

text: for

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Under

text: the

text: nondelegation

text: doctrine

text: Congress

text: may

text: not

text: delegate

text: its

text: lawmaking

text: responsibilities

text: to

text: any

text: other

text: agency

text: In

text: this

text: vein

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: held

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: Clinton

text: v.

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: that

text: Congress

text: could

text: not

text: delegate

text: a

text: line

text: item

text: veto

text: to

text: the

text: President

text: by

text: powers

text: vested

text: in

text: the

text: government

text: by

text: the

text: Constitution

question: What is the only branch of U.S. government imbued with lawmaking abilities?

answer: Congress

text: Congress

question: Which court case upheld the rule of nondelegation?

answer: Clinton v. City of New York

text: Clinton v. City of New York

question: When was Clinton v. City of New York decided by the Supreme Court?

answer: 1998

question: In the US who has the sole power to pass legislation?

answer: Congress

text: Congress

question: What is the doctrine called that does not allow congress to pass on their power to pass laws to any other agency?

answer: nondelegation doctrine

text: nondelegation doctrine

question: What was the court case that struck down the line item veto?

answer: Clinton v. City of New York

text: Clinton v. City of New York

question: What year was Clinton v. City of New York decided by the supreme court?

answer: 1998


text: After fourteen consecutive years of economic growth, Greece went into recession in 2008. By the end of 2009, the Greek economy faced the highest budget deficit and government debt-to-GDP ratios in the EU. After several upward revisions, the 2009 budget deficit is now estimated at 15.7% of GDP. This, combined with rapidly rising debt levels (127.9% of GDP in 2009) led to a precipitous increase in borrowing costs, effectively shutting Greece out of the global financial markets and resulting in a severe economic crisis.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: After

text: fourteen

text: consecutive

text: years

text: of

text: economic

text: growth

text: Greece

text: went

text: into

text: recession

text: in

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: economy

text: faced

text: the

text: highest

text: budget

text: deficit

text: and

text: government

text: debt

text: to

text: GDP

text: ratios

text: in

text: the

text: EU

text: After

text: several

text: upward

text: revisions

text: the

text: budget

text: deficit

text: is

text: now

text: estimated

text: at

text: of

text: GDP

text: This

text: combined

text: with

text: rapidly

text: rising

text: debt

text: levels

text: of

text: GDP

text: in

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: precipitous

text: increase

text: in

text: borrowing

text: costs

text: effectively

text: shutting

text: Greece

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: financial

text: markets

text: and

text: resulting

text: in

text: a

text: severe

text: economic

text: crisis

question: How many years of consecutive growth had Greece had?

answer: fourteen

text: fourteen

question: When did Greece go into recession?

answer: in 2008

text: in 2008

question: What did the Greek economy have the highest of at the end of 2009?

answer: budget deficit

text: budget deficit

question: What percentage of GDP was the budget deficit of Greece in 2009?

answer: 15.7%

question: What type of crisis resulted from the budget deficit and rising debt levels of Greece?

answer: severe economic

text: severe economic


text: Mimicry is a related phenomenon where an organism has a similar appearance to another species. One such example is the drone fly, which looks a lot like a bee, yet is completely harmless as it cannot sting at all. Another example of batesian mimicry is the io moth, (Automeris io), which has markings on its wings that resemble an owl's eyes. When an insectivorous predator disturbs the moth, it reveals its hind wings, temporarily startling the predator and giving it time to escape. Predators may also use mimicry to lure their prey, however. Female fireflies of the genus Photuris, for example, copy the light signals of other species, thereby attracting male fireflies, which are then captured and eaten (see aggressive mimicry).

title: Predation

title: Predation

text: Mimicry

text: is

text: a

text: related

text: phenomenon

text: where

text: an

text: organism

text: has

text: a

text: similar

text: appearance

text: to

text: another

text: species

text: One

text: such

text: example

text: is

text: the

text: drone

text: fly

text: which

text: looks

text: a

text: lot

text: like

text: a

text: bee

text: yet

text: is

text: completely

text: harmless

text: as

text: it

text: can

text: not

text: sting

text: at

text: all

text: Another

text: example

text: of

text: batesian

text: mimicry

text: is

text: the

text: io

text: moth

text: Automeris

text: io

text: which

text: has

text: markings

text: on

text: its

text: wings

text: that

text: resemble

text: an

text: owl

text: 's

text: eyes

text: When

text: an

text: insectivorous

text: predator

text: disturbs

text: the

text: moth

text: it

text: reveals

text: its

text: hind

text: wings

text: temporarily

text: startling

text: the

text: predator

text: and

text: giving

text: it

text: time

text: to

text: escape

text: Predators

text: may

text: also

text: use

text: mimicry

text: to

text: lure

text: their

text: prey

text: however

text: Female

text: fireflies

text: of

text: the

text: genus

text: Photuris

text: for

text: example

text: copy

text: the

text: light

text: signals

text: of

text: other

text: species

text: thereby

text: attracting

text: male

text: fireflies

text: which

text: are

text: then

text: captured

text: and

text: eaten

text: see

text: aggressive

text: mimicry

question: What is the phenomenon where an organism looks like another species called?

answer: Mimicry

text: Mimicry

question: Which organism looks like a bee but cannot sting?

answer: drone fly

text: drone fly

question: A moth that has markings resembling an owl's eyes is an example of what phenomenon?

answer: Mimicry

text: Mimicry

question: What is a defensive way that mimicry can be used?

answer: startling the predator and giving it time to escape

text: startling the predator and giving it time to escape

question: How can predators use mimicry?

answer: to lure their prey

text: to lure their prey


text: Kerry would later state that "the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters." In the same article, Democratic National Committee Chairman Howard Dean said "I'm not confident that the election in Ohio was fairly decided... We know that there was substantial voter suppression, and the machines were not reliable. It should not be a surprise that the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections. That's what we suspect has happened."

title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004

text: Kerry

text: would

text: later

text: state

text: that

text: the

text: widespread

text: irregularities

text: make

text: it

text: impossible

text: to

text: know

text: for

text: certain

text: that

text: the

text: Ohio

text: outcome

text: reflected

text: the

text: will

text: of

text: the

text: voters

text: In

text: the

text: same

text: article

text: Democratic

text: National

text: Committee

text: Chairman

text: Howard

text: Dean

text: said

text: I

text: 'm

text: not

text: confident

text: that

text: the

text: election

text: in

text: Ohio

text: was

text: fairly

text: decided

text: We

text: know

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: substantial

text: voter

text: suppression

text: and

text: the

text: machines

text: were

text: not

text: reliable

text: It

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: a

text: surprise

text: that

text: the

text: Republicans

text: are

text: willing

text: to

text: do

text: things

text: that

text: are

text: unethical

text: to

text: manipulate

text: elections

text: That

text: 's

text: what

text: we

text: suspect

text: has

text: happened

question: What did Kerry say affected the ability to know if the results of the Ohio vote was unbiased?

answer: "the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters."

text: "the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters."

question: Which Democratic official supported Kerry's theory about the Ohio votes?

answer: Howard Dean

text: Howard Dean

question: What was said about the devices used to collect the votes, in Ohio?

answer: the machines were not reliable

text: the machines were not reliable

question: Who was targeted for defrauding the electoral process, in Ohio?

answer: the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections

text: the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections


text: Oklahoma's judicial branch consists of the Oklahoma Supreme Court, the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals, and 77 District Courts that each serves one county. The Oklahoma judiciary also contains two independent courts: a Court of Impeachment and the Oklahoma Court on the Judiciary. Oklahoma has two courts of last resort: the state Supreme Court hears civil cases, and the state Court of Criminal Appeals hears criminal cases (this split system exists only in Oklahoma and neighboring Texas). Judges of those two courts, as well as the Court of Civil Appeals are appointed by the Governor upon the recommendation of the state Judicial Nominating Commission, and are subject to a non-partisan retention vote on a six-year rotating schedule.

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: Oklahoma

text: 's

text: judicial

text: branch

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: Oklahoma

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: the

text: Oklahoma

text: Court

text: of

text: Criminal

text: Appeals

text: and

text: District

text: Courts

text: that

text: each

text: serves

text: one

text: county

text: The

text: Oklahoma

text: judiciary

text: also

text: contains

text: two

text: independent

text: courts

text: a

text: Court

text: of

text: Impeachment

text: and

text: the

text: Oklahoma

text: Court

text: on

text: the

text: Judiciary

text: Oklahoma

text: has

text: two

text: courts

text: of

text: last

text: resort

text: the

text: state

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: hears

text: civil

text: cases

text: and

text: the

text: state

text: Court

text: of

text: Criminal

text: Appeals

text: hears

text: criminal

text: cases

text: this

text: split

text: system

text: exists

text: only

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: and

text: neighboring

text: Texas

text: Judges

text: of

text: those

text: two

text: courts

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Court

text: of

text: Civil

text: Appeals

text: are

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: Governor

text: upon

text: the

text: recommendation

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: Judicial

text: Nominating

text: Commission

text: and

text: are

text: subject

text: to

text: a

text: non

text: partisan

text: retention

text: vote

text: on

text: a

text: six

text: year

text: rotating

text: schedule

question: How many district courts does Oklahoma have?

answer: 77

question: How many counties does Oklahoma have?

answer: 77

question: What is the civil court of last resort in Oklahoma?

answer: the state Supreme Court

text: the state Supreme Court

question: What is the only other state with two courts of last resort?

answer: Texas

text: Texas

question: What is the criminal court of last resort in Oklahoma?

answer: the state Court of Criminal Appeals

text: the state Court of Criminal Appeals


text: The world of clothing is always changing, as new cultural influences meet technological innovations. Researchers in scientific labs have been developing prototypes for fabrics that can serve functional purposes well beyond their traditional roles, for example, clothes that can automatically adjust their temperature, repel bullets, project images, and generate electricity. Some practical advances already available to consumers are bullet-resistant garments made with kevlar and stain-resistant fabrics that are coated with chemical mixtures that reduce the absorption of liquids.

title: Clothing

title: Clothing

text: The

text: world

text: of

text: clothing

text: is

text: always

text: changing

text: as

text: new

text: cultural

text: influences

text: meet

text: technological

text: innovations

text: Researchers

text: in

text: scientific

text: labs

text: have

text: been

text: developing

text: prototypes

text: for

text: fabrics

text: that

text: can

text: serve

text: functional

text: purposes

text: well

text: beyond

text: their

text: traditional

text: roles

text: for

text: example

text: clothes

text: that

text: can

text: automatically

text: adjust

text: their

text: temperature

text: repel

text: bullets

text: project

text: images

text: and

text: generate

text: electricity

text: Some

text: practical

text: advances

text: already

text: available

text: to

text: consumers

text: are

text: bullet

text: resistant

text: garments

text: made

text: with

text: kevlar

text: and

text: stain

text: resistant

text: fabrics

text: that

text: are

text: coated

text: with

text: chemical

text: mixtures

text: that

text: reduce

text: the

text: absorption

text: of

text: liquids

question: Changes keep happening because new cultural stuff meets these type of innovations.

answer: technological

text: technological

question: What have researchers in science labs been making?

answer: prototypes

text: prototypes

question: What elementary force can some specialized fabrics generate?

answer: electricity

text: electricity

question: What can garments made with kevlar resist?

answer: bullets

text: bullets

question: Stain-resistant fabrics are coated with chemicals to reduce what?

answer: absorption of liquids

text: absorption of liquids


text: Occasional severe flooding is experienced. There was the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, the Great Flood of 1993, and widespread flooding and mudslides caused by the 1982-1983 El Niño event in the western United States. Localized flooding can, however, occur anywhere, and mudslides from heavy rain can cause problems in any mountainous area, particularly the Southwest. Large stretches of desert shrub in the west can fuel the spread of wildfires. The narrow canyons of many mountain areas in the west and severe thunderstorm activity during the summer lead to sometimes devastating flash floods as well, while Nor'Easter snowstorms can bring activity to a halt throughout the Northeast (although heavy snowstorms can occur almost anywhere).

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

text: Occasional

text: severe

text: flooding

text: is

text: experienced

text: There

text: was

text: the

text: Great

text: Mississippi

text: Flood

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Flood

text: of

text: and

text: widespread

text: flooding

text: and

text: mudslides

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: El

text: Niño

text: event

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: United

text: States

text: Localized

text: flooding

text: can

text: however

text: occur

text: anywhere

text: and

text: mudslides

text: from

text: heavy

text: rain

text: can

text: cause

text: problems

text: in

text: any

text: mountainous

text: area

text: particularly

text: the

text: Southwest

text: Large

text: stretches

text: of

text: desert

text: shrub

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: can

text: fuel

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: wildfires

text: The

text: narrow

text: canyons

text: of

text: many

text: mountain

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: severe

text: thunderstorm

text: activity

text: during

text: the

text: summer

text: lead

text: to

text: sometimes

text: devastating

text: flash

text: floods

text: as

text: well

text: while

text: Nor'Easter

text: snowstorms

text: can

text: bring

text: activity

text: to

text: a

text: halt

text: throughout

text: the

text: Northeast

text: although

text: heavy

text: snowstorms

text: can

text: occur

text: almost

text: anywhere

question: The Great Mississippi occurred during what year?

answer: 1927

question: What fuels wildfires and causes them to spread in the west?

answer: desert shrub

text: desert shrub

question: What type of storms can cause most activity to stop?

answer: Nor'Easter snowstorms

text: Nor'Easter snowstorms

question: What is the name of the event that caused major flooding in the western US?

answer: El Niño

text: El Niño


text: The Sun has been openly antagonistic towards other European nations, particularly the French and Germans. During the 1980s and 1990s, the nationalities were routinely described in copy and headlines as "frogs", "krauts" or "hun". As the paper is opposed to the EU it has referred to foreign leaders who it deemed hostile to the UK in unflattering terms. Former President Jacques Chirac of France, for instance, was branded "le Worm". An unflattering picture of German chancellor Angela Merkel, taken from the rear, bore the headline "I'm Big in the Bumdestag" (17 April 2006).

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom

text: The

text: Sun

text: has

text: been

text: openly

text: antagonistic

text: towards

text: other

text: European

text: nations

text: particularly

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: Germans

text: During

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: nationalities

text: were

text: routinely

text: described

text: in

text: copy

text: and

text: headlines

text: as

text: frogs

text: krauts

text: or

text: hun

text: As

text: the

text: paper

text: is

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: EU

text: it

text: has

text: referred

text: to

text: foreign

text: leaders

text: who

text: it

text: deemed

text: hostile

text: to

text: the

text: UK

text: in

text: unflattering

text: terms

text: Former

text: President

text: Jacques

text: Chirac

text: of

text: France

text: for

text: instance

text: was

text: branded

text: le

text: Worm

text: An

text: unflattering

text: picture

text: of

text: German

text: chancellor

text: Angela

text: Merkel

text: taken

text: from

text: the

text: rear

text: bore

text: the

text: headline

text: I

text: 'm

text: Big

text: in

text: the

text: Bumdestag

text: April

question: Which two nations has The Sun been very antagonistic towards?

answer: French and Germans

text: French and Germans

question: What names were used by The Sun to characterize the French and Germans?

answer: "frogs", "krauts" or "hun"

text: "frogs", "krauts" or "hun"

question: What is the paper's stance on the EU?

answer: opposed

text: opposed

question: How was French president Jacques Chirac described by The Sun?

answer: le Worm

text: le Worm

question: Which German chancellor was criticized by The Sun?

answer: Angela Merkel

text: Angela Merkel


text: Ultimately, Hitler was trapped within his own vision of bombing as a terror weapon, formed in the 1930s when he threatened smaller nations into accepting German rule rather than submit to air bombardment. This fact had important implications. It showed the extent to which Hitler personally mistook Allied strategy for one of morale breaking instead of one of economic warfare, with the collapse of morale as an additional bonus. Hitler was much more attracted to the political aspects of bombing. As the mere threat of it had produced diplomatic results in the 1930s, he expected that the threat of German retaliation would persuade the Allies to adopt a policy of moderation and not to begin a policy of unrestricted bombing. His hope was — for reasons of political prestige within Germany itself — that the German population would be protected from the Allied bombings. When this proved impossible, he began to fear that popular feeling would turn against his regime, and he redoubled efforts to mount a similar "terror offensive" against Britain in order to produce a stalemate in which both sides would hesitate to use bombing at all.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: Ultimately

text: Hitler

text: was

text: trapped

text: within

text: his

text: own

text: vision

text: of

text: bombing

text: as

text: a

text: terror

text: weapon

text: formed

text: in

text: the

text: when

text: he

text: threatened

text: smaller

text: nations

text: into

text: accepting

text: German

text: rule

text: rather

text: than

text: submit

text: to

text: air

text: bombardment

text: This

text: fact

text: had

text: important

text: implications

text: It

text: showed

text: the

text: extent

text: to

text: which

text: Hitler

text: personally

text: mistook

text: Allied

text: strategy

text: for

text: one

text: of

text: morale

text: breaking

text: instead

text: of

text: one

text: of

text: economic

text: warfare

text: with

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: morale

text: as

text: an

text: additional

text: bonus

text: Hitler

text: was

text: much

text: more

text: attracted

text: to

text: the

text: political

text: aspects

text: of

text: bombing

text: As

text: the

text: mere

text: threat

text: of

text: it

text: had

text: produced

text: diplomatic

text: results

text: in

text: the

text: he

text: expected

text: that

text: the

text: threat

text: of

text: German

text: retaliation

text: would

text: persuade

text: the

text: Allies

text: to

text: adopt

text: a

text: policy

text: of

text: moderation

text: and

text: not

text: to

text: begin

text: a

text: policy

text: of

text: unrestricted

text: bombing

text: His

text: hope

text: was

text: for

text: reasons

text: of

text: political

text: prestige

text: within

text: Germany

text: itself

text: that

text: the

text: German

text: population

text: would

text: be

text: protected

text: from

text: the

text: Allied

text: bombings

text: When

text: this

text: proved

text: impossible

text: he

text: began

text: to

text: fear

text: that

text: popular

text: feeling

text: would

text: turn

text: against

text: his

text: regime

text: and

text: he

text: redoubled

text: efforts

text: to

text: mount

text: a

text: similar

text: terror

text: offensive

text: against

text: Britain

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: produce

text: a

text: stalemate

text: in

text: which

text: both

text: sides

text: would

text: hesitate

text: to

text: use

text: bombing

text: at

text: all

question: How did Hitler threaten small nations into accepting German rule?

answer: air bombardment

text: air bombardment

question: What policy did Hitler hope the bombing of Allies would cause?

answer: policy of moderation

text: policy of moderation

question: What kind of prestige was Hitler hoping for?

answer: political

text: political

question: Why did Hitler use terror bombing against Britain?

answer: to produce a stalemate

text: to produce a stalemate


text: The best-known medieval Chinese name for Tibet is Tubo (Chinese: 吐蕃 also written as 土蕃 or 土番; pinyin: Tǔbō or Tǔfān). This name first appears in Chinese characters as 土番 in the 7th century (Li Tai) and as 吐蕃 in the 10th-century (Old Book of Tang describing 608–609 emissaries from Tibetan King Namri Songtsen to Emperor Yang of Sui). In the Middle Chinese spoken during that period, as reconstructed by William H. Baxter, 土番 was pronounced thux-phjon and 吐蕃 was pronounced thux-pjon (with the x representing tone).

title: Tibet

title: Tibet

text: The

text: best

text: known

text: medieval

text: Chinese

text: name

text: for

text: Tibet

text: is

text: Tubo

text: Chinese

text: 吐蕃

text: also

text: written

text: as

text: 土蕃

text: or

text: 土番

text: pinyin

text: Tǔbō

text: or

text: Tǔfān

text: This

text: name

text: first

text: appears

text: in

text: Chinese

text: characters

text: as

text: 土番

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Li

text: Tai

text: and

text: as

text: 吐蕃

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Old

text: Book

text: of

text: Tang

text: describing

text: emissaries

text: from

text: Tibetan

text: King

text: Namri

text: Songtsen

text: to

text: Emperor

text: Yang

text: of

text: Sui

text: In

text: the

text: Middle

text: Chinese

text: spoken

text: during

text: that

text: period

text: as

text: reconstructed

text: by

text: William

text: H.

text: Baxter

text: 土番

text: was

text: pronounced

text: thux

text: phjon

text: and

text: 吐蕃

text: was

text: pronounced

text: thux

text: pjon

text: with

text: the

text: x

text: representing

text: tone

question: What is the best-known medieval Chinese name for Tibet?

answer: Tubo

text: Tubo

question: When did the name for Tibet, Tubo, first appear in Chinese characters?

answer: 7th century

text: 7th century

question: Who reconstructed Middle Chinese spoken from the 7th century to the 10th century?

answer: William H. Baxter

text: William H. Baxter


text: The pricing of risk refers to the incremental compensation required by investors for taking on additional risk, which may be measured by interest rates or fees. Several scholars have argued that a lack of transparency about banks' risk exposures prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis, enabled the mortgage market to grow larger than it otherwise would have, and made the financial crisis far more disruptive than it would have been if risk levels had been disclosed in a straightforward, readily understandable format.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: The

text: pricing

text: of

text: risk

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: incremental

text: compensation

text: required

text: by

text: investors

text: for

text: taking

text: on

text: additional

text: risk

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: measured

text: by

text: interest

text: rates

text: or

text: fees

text: Several

text: scholars

text: have

text: argued

text: that

text: a

text: lack

text: of

text: transparency

text: about

text: banks

text: risk

text: exposures

text: prevented

text: markets

text: from

text: correctly

text: pricing

text: risk

text: before

text: the

text: crisis

text: enabled

text: the

text: mortgage

text: market

text: to

text: grow

text: larger

text: than

text: it

text: otherwise

text: would

text: have

text: and

text: made

text: the

text: financial

text: crisis

text: far

text: more

text: disruptive

text: than

text: it

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: if

text: risk

text: levels

text: had

text: been

text: disclosed

text: in

text: a

text: straightforward

text: readily

text: understandable

text: format

question: What is a measurement of pricing of risk?

answer: interest rates or fees

text: interest rates or fees

question: What is the incremental compensation required by investors for taking on addition risk called?

answer: pricing of risk

text: pricing of risk

question: According to several scholars, what prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis?

answer: lack of transparency about banks' risk exposures

text: lack of transparency about banks' risk exposures

question: How should risk levels have been disclosed according to several scholars?

answer: straightforward, readily understandable format

text: straightforward, readily understandable format

question: What was the outcome of the financial crisis since risk levels were not adequately disclosed?

answer: far more disruptive

text: far more disruptive


text: Plymouth is served by Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust and the city's NHS hospital is Derriford Hospital 4 miles (6 km) north of the city centre. The Royal Eye Infirmary is located at Derriford Hospital. South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust operates in Plymouth and the rest of the south west; its headquarters are in Exeter.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: Plymouth

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: Plymouth

text: Hospitals

text: NHS

text: Trust

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: NHS

text: hospital

text: is

text: Derriford

text: Hospital

text: miles

text: km

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: The

text: Royal

text: Eye

text: Infirmary

text: is

text: located

text: at

text: Derriford

text: Hospital

text: South

text: Western

text: Ambulance

text: Service

text: NHS

text: Foundation

text: Trust

text: operates

text: in

text: Plymouth

text: and

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: south

text: west

text: its

text: headquarters

text: are

text: in

text: Exeter

question: What is Plymouth's National Health Service hospital?

answer: Derriford Hospital

text: Derriford Hospital

question: In kilometers, how far is Derriford Hospital from the Plymouth city center?

answer: 6

question: What notable clinic is present in Derriford Hospital?

answer: Royal Eye Infirmary

text: Royal Eye Infirmary

question: What organization provides ambulance transport for Plymouth?

answer: South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust

text: South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust

question: Where is South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust headquartered?

answer: Exeter

text: Exeter


text: In addition to Old Persian and Avestan, which are the only directly attested Old Iranian languages, all Middle Iranian languages must have had a predecessor "Old Iranian" form of that language, and thus can all be said to have had an (at least hypothetical) "Old" form. Such hypothetical Old Iranian languages include Carduchi (the hypothetical predecessor to Kurdish) and Old Parthian. Additionally, the existence of unattested languages can sometimes be inferred from the impact they had on neighbouring languages. Such transfer is known to have occurred for Old Persian, which has (what is called) a "Median" substrate in some of its vocabulary. Also, foreign references to languages can also provide a hint to the existence of otherwise unattested languages, for example through toponyms/ethnonyms or in the recording of vocabulary, as Herodotus did for what he called "Scythian".

title: Iranian_languages

title: Iranian_languages

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: Old

text: Persian

text: and

text: Avestan

text: which

text: are

text: the

text: only

text: directly

text: attested

text: Old

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: all

text: Middle

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: must

text: have

text: had

text: a

text: predecessor

text: Old

text: Iranian

text: form

text: of

text: that

text: language

text: and

text: thus

text: can

text: all

text: be

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: had

text: an

text: at

text: least

text: hypothetical

text: Old

text: form

text: Such

text: hypothetical

text: Old

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: include

text: Carduchi

text: the

text: hypothetical

text: predecessor

text: to

text: Kurdish

text: and

text: Old

text: Parthian

text: Additionally

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: unattested

text: languages

text: can

text: sometimes

text: be

text: inferred

text: from

text: the

text: impact

text: they

text: had

text: on

text: neighbouring

text: languages

text: Such

text: transfer

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: occurred

text: for

text: Old

text: Persian

text: which

text: has

text: what

text: is

text: called

text: a

text: Median

text: substrate

text: in

text: some

text: of

text: its

text: vocabulary

text: Also

text: foreign

text: references

text: to

text: languages

text: can

text: also

text: provide

text: a

text: hint

text: to

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: otherwise

text: unattested

text: languages

text: for

text: example

text: through

text: toponyms

text: ethnonyms

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: recording

text: of

text: vocabulary

text: as

text: Herodotus

text: did

text: for

text: what

text: he

text: called

text: Scythian

question: What language is Carduchi thought to have become?

answer: Kurdish

text: Kurdish

question: What language did Herodotus invent a name for?

answer: Scythian

text: Scythian


text: Plants and various other groups of photosynthetic eukaryotes collectively known as "algae" have unique organelles known as chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are thought to be descended from cyanobacteria that formed endosymbiotic relationships with ancient plant and algal ancestors. Chloroplasts and cyanobacteria contain the blue-green pigment chlorophyll a. Chlorophyll a (as well as its plant and green algal-specific cousin chlorophyll b)[a] absorbs light in the blue-violet and orange/red parts of the spectrum while reflecting and transmitting the green light that we see as the characteristic colour of these organisms. The energy in the red and blue light that these pigments absorb is used by chloroplasts to make energy-rich carbon compounds from carbon dioxide and water by oxygenic photosynthesis, a process that generates molecular oxygen (O2) as a by-product.

title: Botany

title: Botany

text: Plants

text: and

text: various

text: other

text: groups

text: of

text: photosynthetic

text: eukaryotes

text: collectively

text: known

text: as

text: algae

text: have

text: unique

text: organelles

text: known

text: as

text: chloroplasts

text: Chloroplasts

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: descended

text: from

text: cyanobacteria

text: that

text: formed

text: endosymbiotic

text: relationships

text: with

text: ancient

text: plant

text: and

text: algal

text: ancestors

text: Chloroplasts

text: and

text: cyanobacteria

text: contain

text: the

text: blue

text: green

text: pigment

text: chlorophyll

text: a.

text: Chlorophyll

text: a

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: plant

text: and

text: green

text: algal

text: specific

text: cousin

text: chlorophyll

text: b)[a

text: absorbs

text: light

text: in

text: the

text: blue

text: violet

text: and

text: orange

text: red

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: spectrum

text: while

text: reflecting

text: and

text: transmitting

text: the

text: green

text: light

text: that

text: we

text: see

text: as

text: the

text: characteristic

text: colour

text: of

text: these

text: organisms

text: The

text: energy

text: in

text: the

text: red

text: and

text: blue

text: light

text: that

text: these

text: pigments

text: absorb

text: is

text: used

text: by

text: chloroplasts

text: to

text: make

text: energy

text: rich

text: carbon

text: compounds

text: from

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: and

text: water

text: by

text: oxygenic

text: photosynthesis

text: a

text: process

text: that

text: generates

text: molecular

text: oxygen

text: as

text: a

text: by

text: product

question: what parts of algae are unique to them?

answer: chloroplasts

text: chloroplasts

question: From what ancient oxygen producing plant are chloroplasts descended?

answer: cyanobacteria

text: cyanobacteria

question: What color is chlorophyll?

answer: blue-green

text: blue-green

question: What organelles are unique to algae?

answer: chloroplasts

text: chloroplasts

question: From what ancient source are chloroplasts descended?

answer: cyanobacteria

text: cyanobacteria

question: What color does a plant with chlorophyll appear to be?

answer: green

text: green


text: In 1211, the Jewish community in the country was strengthened by the arrival of a group headed by over 300 rabbis from France and England, among them Rabbi Samson ben Abraham of Sens. Nachmanides, the 13th-century Spanish rabbi and recognised leader of Jewry greatly praised the land of Israel and viewed its settlement as a positive commandment incumbent on all Jews. He wrote "If the gentiles wish to make peace, we shall make peace and leave them on clear terms; but as for the land, we shall not leave it in their hands, nor in the hands of any nation, not in any generation."

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: In

text: the

text: Jewish

text: community

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: was

text: strengthened

text: by

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: headed

text: by

text: over

text: rabbis

text: from

text: France

text: and

text: England

text: among

text: them

text: Rabbi

text: Samson

text: ben

text: Abraham

text: of

text: Sens

text: Nachmanides

text: the

text: century

text: Spanish

text: rabbi

text: and

text: recognised

text: leader

text: of

text: Jewry

text: greatly

text: praised

text: the

text: land

text: of

text: Israel

text: and

text: viewed

text: its

text: settlement

text: as

text: a

text: positive

text: commandment

text: incumbent

text: on

text: all

text: Jews

text: He

text: wrote

text: If

text: the

text: gentiles

text: wish

text: to

text: make

text: peace

text: we

text: shall

text: make

text: peace

text: and

text: leave

text: them

text: on

text: clear

text: terms

text: but

text: as

text: for

text: the

text: land

text: we

text: shall

text: not

text: leave

text: it

text: in

text: their

text: hands

text: nor

text: in

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: any

text: nation

text: not

text: in

text: any

text: generation

question: When was the Jewish community strengthened by rabbis?

answer: 1211

question: Who was the 13th-century Spanish rabbi and recognised leader of Jewry?

answer: Nachmanides

text: Nachmanides

question: What did Nachmanides write?

answer: "If the gentiles wish to make peace, we shall make peace and leave them on clear terms

text: "If the gentiles wish to make peace, we shall make peace and leave them on clear terms


text: According to a story that has often been repeated in the media, Hurley and Chen developed the idea for YouTube during the early months of 2005, after they had experienced difficulty sharing videos that had been shot at a dinner party at Chen's apartment in San Francisco. Karim did not attend the party and denied that it had occurred, but Chen commented that the idea that YouTube was founded after a dinner party "was probably very strengthened by marketing ideas around creating a story that was very digestible".

title: YouTube

title: YouTube

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: story

text: that

text: has

text: often

text: been

text: repeated

text: in

text: the

text: media

text: Hurley

text: and

text: Chen

text: developed

text: the

text: idea

text: for

text: YouTube

text: during

text: the

text: early

text: months

text: of

text: after

text: they

text: had

text: experienced

text: difficulty

text: sharing

text: videos

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: shot

text: at

text: a

text: dinner

text: party

text: at

text: Chen

text: 's

text: apartment

text: in

text: San

text: Francisco

text: Karim

text: did

text: not

text: attend

text: the

text: party

text: and

text: denied

text: that

text: it

text: had

text: occurred

text: but

text: Chen

text: commented

text: that

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: YouTube

text: was

text: founded

text: after

text: a

text: dinner

text: party

text: was

text: probably

text: very

text: strengthened

text: by

text: marketing

text: ideas

text: around

text: creating

text: a

text: story

text: that

text: was

text: very

text: digestible

question: What are the first names of the men that invented youtube?

answer: Hurley and Chen

text: Hurley and Chen

question: Where did Chen live in 2005?

answer: San Francisco

text: San Francisco

question: What was the original stimuli for creating the website?

answer: difficulty sharing videos

text: difficulty sharing videos

question: When did the creators have the idea for youtube?

answer: the early months of 2005

text: the early months of 2005


text: Chopin's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel. His works soon began to appear in popular 19th-century piano anthologies. The first collected edition was by Breitkopf & Härtel (1878–1902). Among modern scholarly editions of Chopin's works are the version under the name of Paderewski published between 1937 and 1966 and the more recent Polish "National Edition", edited by Jan Ekier, both of which contain detailed explanations and discussions regarding choices and sources.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: original

text: publishers

text: included

text: Maurice

text: Schlesinger

text: and

text: Camille

text: Pleyel

text: His

text: works

text: soon

text: began

text: to

text: appear

text: in

text: popular

text: century

text: piano

text: anthologies

text: The

text: first

text: collected

text: edition

text: was

text: by

text: Breitkopf

text: Härtel

text: Among

text: modern

text: scholarly

text: editions

text: of

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: works

text: are

text: the

text: version

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Paderewski

text: published

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: the

text: more

text: recent

text: Polish

text: National

text: Edition

text: edited

text: by

text: Jan

text: Ekier

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: contain

text: detailed

text: explanations

text: and

text: discussions

text: regarding

text: choices

text: and

text: sources

question: Who released the first collection of Chopin's works?

answer: Breitkopf & Härtel

text: Breitkopf & Härtel

question: Who edited the Polish "National Edition" of Chopin's works?

answer: Jan Ekier

text: Jan Ekier

question: Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel were what to Chopin?

answer: original publishers

text: original publishers

question: Where did Chopin's work start t oshow up?

answer: popular 19th-century piano anthologies.

text: popular 19th-century piano anthologies.

question: What was the name under scholarly publications of Chopin's work form 1937 to 1966?

answer: Paderewski

text: Paderewski

question: Who edited the Polish National Edition?

answer: Jan Ekier

text: Jan Ekier


text: The sequence of operations that the control unit goes through to process an instruction is in itself like a short computer program, and indeed, in some more complex CPU designs, there is another yet smaller computer called a microsequencer, which runs a microcode program that causes all of these events to happen.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: sequence

text: of

text: operations

text: that

text: the

text: control

text: unit

text: goes

text: through

text: to

text: process

text: an

text: instruction

text: is

text: in

text: itself

text: like

text: a

text: short

text: computer

text: program

text: and

text: indeed

text: in

text: some

text: more

text: complex

text: CPU

text: designs

text: there

text: is

text: another

text: yet

text: smaller

text: computer

text: called

text: a

text: microsequencer

text: which

text: runs

text: a

text: microcode

text: program

text: that

text: causes

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: events

text: to

text: happen

question: In some CPU designs there is tinier computer called what?

answer: microsequencer

text: microsequencer

question: A microsequencer can be found in what other computer component?

answer: CPU

text: CPU


text: Oklahoma is host to a diverse range of sectors including aviation, energy, transportation equipment, food processing, electronics, and telecommunications. Oklahoma is an important producer of natural gas, aircraft, and food. The state ranks third in the nation for production of natural gas, is the 27th-most agriculturally productive state, and also ranks 5th in production of wheat. Four Fortune 500 companies and six Fortune 1000 companies are headquartered in Oklahoma, and it has been rated one of the most business-friendly states in the nation, with the 7th-lowest tax burden in 2007.

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: Oklahoma

text: is

text: host

text: to

text: a

text: diverse

text: range

text: of

text: sectors

text: including

text: aviation

text: energy

text: transportation

text: equipment

text: food

text: processing

text: electronics

text: and

text: telecommunications

text: Oklahoma

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: producer

text: of

text: natural

text: gas

text: aircraft

text: and

text: food

text: The

text: state

text: ranks

text: third

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: for

text: production

text: of

text: natural

text: gas

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: agriculturally

text: productive

text: state

text: and

text: also

text: ranks

text: in

text: production

text: of

text: wheat

text: Four

text: Fortune

text: companies

text: and

text: six

text: Fortune

text: companies

text: are

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: and

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: rated

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: business

text: friendly

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: with

text: the

text: lowest

text: tax

text: burden

text: in

question: How does Oklahoma rank among US states for producing natural gas?

answer: third

text: third

question: How does Oklahoma rank among US states for agriculture?

answer: 27th

question: How does Oklahoma rank among US states for producing wheat?

answer: 5th

question: How many Fortune 500 companies are based in Oklahoma?

answer: Four

text: Four

question: How many Fortune 1000 companies are based in Oklahoma?

answer: six

text: six


text: In the US, African Americans, who include multiracial people, earn 75% of what white people earn. In Brazil, people of color earn less than 50% of what whites earn. Some have posited that the facts of lower socioeconomic status for people of color suggest that Brazil practices a kind of one-drop rule, or discrimination against people who are not visibly European in ancestry. The gap in income between blacks and other non-whites is relatively small compared to the large gap between whites and all people of color. Other social factors, such as illiteracy and education levels, show the same patterns of disadvantage for people of color. Some commentators observe that the United States practice of segregation and white supremacy in the South, and discrimination in many areas outside that region, forced many African Americans to unite in the civil rights struggle. They suggest that the fluid nature of race in Brazil has divided individuals of African descent, between those with more or less ancestry. As a result, they have not united for a stronger civil rights movement.[citation needed]

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: African

text: Americans

text: who

text: include

text: multiracial

text: people

text: earn

text: of

text: what

text: white

text: people

text: earn

text: In

text: Brazil

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: earn

text: less

text: than

text: of

text: what

text: whites

text: earn

text: Some

text: have

text: posited

text: that

text: the

text: facts

text: of

text: lower

text: socioeconomic

text: status

text: for

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: suggest

text: that

text: Brazil

text: practices

text: a

text: kind

text: of

text: one

text: drop

text: rule

text: or

text: discrimination

text: against

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: not

text: visibly

text: European

text: in

text: ancestry

text: The

text: gap

text: in

text: income

text: between

text: blacks

text: and

text: other

text: non

text: whites

text: is

text: relatively

text: small

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: large

text: gap

text: between

text: whites

text: and

text: all

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: Other

text: social

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: illiteracy

text: and

text: education

text: levels

text: show

text: the

text: same

text: patterns

text: of

text: disadvantage

text: for

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: Some

text: commentators

text: observe

text: that

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: practice

text: of

text: segregation

text: and

text: white

text: supremacy

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: and

text: discrimination

text: in

text: many

text: areas

text: outside

text: that

text: region

text: forced

text: many

text: African

text: Americans

text: to

text: unite

text: in

text: the

text: civil

text: rights

text: struggle

text: They

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: fluid

text: nature

text: of

text: race

text: in

text: Brazil

text: has

text: divided

text: individuals

text: of

text: African

text: descent

text: between

text: those

text: with

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: ancestry

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: they

text: have

text: not

text: united

text: for

text: a

text: stronger

text: civil

text: rights

text: movement.[citation

text: needed

question: In the US, how much of what white people earn, do blacks earn?

answer: 75%

question: In Brazil, how much less do blacks earn compared to whites?

answer: 50%

question: What rule is Brazil accused of practicing?

answer: one-drop rule

text: one-drop rule

question: What does the one drop rule do?

answer: discrimination against people who are not visibly European in ancestry.

text: discrimination against people who are not visibly European in ancestry.

question: What other patterns are consistent with unequal living standards?

answer: illiteracy and education levels

text: illiteracy and education levels


text: Architectural classicism is heavily represented in all districts of the city, particularly in Downtown, the Fan, and the Museum District. Several notable classical architects have designed buildings in Richmond. The Virginia State Capitol was designed by Thomas Jefferson and Charles-Louis Clérisseau in 1785. It is the second-oldest US statehouse in continuous use (after Maryland's) and was the first US government building built in the neo-classical style of architecture, setting the trend for other state houses and the federal government buildings (including the White House and The Capitol) in Washington, D.C. Robert Mills designed Monumental Church on Broad Street. Adjoining it is the 1845 Egyptian Building, one of the few Egyptian Revival buildings in the United States.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Architectural

text: classicism

text: is

text: heavily

text: represented

text: in

text: all

text: districts

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: particularly

text: in

text: Downtown

text: the

text: Fan

text: and

text: the

text: Museum

text: District

text: Several

text: notable

text: classical

text: architects

text: have

text: designed

text: buildings

text: in

text: Richmond

text: The

text: Virginia

text: State

text: Capitol

text: was

text: designed

text: by

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: and

text: Charles

text: Louis

text: Clérisseau

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: oldest

text: US

text: statehouse

text: in

text: continuous

text: use

text: after

text: Maryland

text: 's

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: US

text: government

text: building

text: built

text: in

text: the

text: neo

text: classical

text: style

text: of

text: architecture

text: setting

text: the

text: trend

text: for

text: other

text: state

text: houses

text: and

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: buildings

text: including

text: the

text: White

text: House

text: and

text: The

text: Capitol

text: in

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: Robert

text: Mills

text: designed

text: Monumental

text: Church

text: on

text: Broad

text: Street

text: Adjoining

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: Building

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: few

text: Egyptian

text: Revival

text: buildings

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: What state has the oldest capital building used continuously since it was built?

answer: Maryland

text: Maryland

question: What architectural style was used to design the Virginia State Capitol?

answer: neo-classical

text: neo-classical

question: What notable federal government buildings were designed in the neoclassical style?

answer: White House and The Capitol

text: White House and The Capitol

question: What is the architectural style of the 1845 Egyptian Building?

answer: Egyptian Revival

text: Egyptian Revival

question: Who were the designers of the Virginia State Capitol?

answer: Thomas Jefferson and Charles-Louis Clérisseau

text: Thomas Jefferson and Charles-Louis Clérisseau


text: The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height, it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-fifth of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 13,000,000 sq mi (33,670,000 km2), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, legal, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, the phrase "the empire on which the sun never sets" was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: The

text: British

text: Empire

text: comprised

text: the

text: dominions

text: colonies

text: protectorates

text: mandates

text: and

text: other

text: territories

text: ruled

text: or

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: It

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: overseas

text: possessions

text: and

text: trading

text: posts

text: established

text: by

text: England

text: between

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: At

text: its

text: height

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: for

text: over

text: a

text: century

text: was

text: the

text: foremost

text: global

text: power

text: By

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: held

text: sway

text: over

text: about

text: million

text: people

text: one

text: fifth

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: covered

text: more

text: than

text: sq

text: mi

text: almost

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: its

text: political

text: legal

text: linguistic

text: and

text: cultural

text: legacy

text: is

text: widespread

text: At

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: its

text: power

text: the

text: phrase

text: the

text: empire

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: sun

text: never

text: sets

text: was

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: because

text: its

text: expanse

text: around

text: the

text: globe

text: meant

text: that

text: the

text: sun

text: was

text: always

text: shining

text: on

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: territories

question: The United Kingdom ruled what empire?

answer: British

text: British

question: Which empire was the largest in history, at its height?

answer: British

text: British

question: When did 458 million people live in the British Empire?

answer: 1922

question: How much of the world's population did the British Empire rule in 1922?

answer: one-fifth

text: one-fifth

question: How many square miles did the British Empire rule in 1922?

answer: 13,000,000


text: The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: The

text: Boudhanath

text: also

text: written

text: Bouddhanath

text: Bodhnath

text: Baudhanath

text: or

text: the

text: Khāsa

text: Chaitya

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: holiest

text: Buddhist

text: sites

text: in

text: Nepal

text: along

text: with

text: Swayambhu

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: very

text: popular

text: tourist

text: site

text: Boudhanath

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: Khāsti

text: by

text: Newars

text: and

text: as

text: Bauddha

text: or

text: Bodhnāth

text: by

text: speakers

text: of

text: Nepali

text: Located

text: about

text: km

text: mi

text: from

text: the

text: center

text: and

text: northeastern

text: outskirts

text: of

text: Kathmandu

text: the

text: stupa

text: 's

text: massive

text: mandala

text: makes

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: spherical

text: stupas

text: in

text: Nepal

text: Boudhanath

text: became

text: a

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: in

question: To what religion is Boudhanath holy?

answer: Buddhist

text: Buddhist

question: What do the Newars call Boudhanath?

answer: Khāsti

text: Khāsti

question: What is Boudhanath called in Nepali?

answer: Bauddha or Bodhnāth

text: Bauddha or Bodhnāth

question: How far is Boudhanath from Kathmandu in miles?

answer: 7

question: When did UNESCO make Boudhanath a World Heritage Site?

answer: 1979


text: A unit load is defined as 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0, and 150 mA in USB 3.0. A device may draw a maximum of five unit loads from a port in USB 1.x and 2.0 (500 mA), or six unit loads in USB 3.0 (900 mA). There are two types of devices: low-power and high-power. A low-power device (such as a USB HID) draws at most one-unit load, with minimum operating voltage of 4.4 V in USB 2.0, and 4 V in USB 3.0. A high-power device draws, at most, the maximum number of unit loads the standard permits. Every device functions initially as low-power (including high-power functions during their low-power enumeration phases), but may request high-power, and get it if available on the providing bus.

title: USB

title: USB

text: A

text: unit

text: load

text: is

text: defined

text: as

text: mA

text: in

text: USB

text: and

text: and

text: mA

text: in

text: USB

text: A

text: device

text: may

text: draw

text: a

text: maximum

text: of

text: five

text: unit

text: loads

text: from

text: a

text: port

text: in

text: USB

text: and

text: mA

text: or

text: six

text: unit

text: loads

text: in

text: USB

text: mA

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: types

text: of

text: devices

text: low

text: power

text: and

text: high

text: power

text: A

text: low

text: power

text: device

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: USB

text: HID

text: draws

text: at

text: most

text: one

text: unit

text: load

text: with

text: minimum

text: operating

text: voltage

text: of

text: V

text: in

text: USB

text: and

text: V

text: in

text: USB

text: A

text: high

text: power

text: device

text: draws

text: at

text: most

text: the

text: maximum

text: number

text: of

text: unit

text: loads

text: the

text: standard

text: permits

text: Every

text: device

text: functions

text: initially

text: as

text: low

text: power

text: including

text: high

text: power

text: functions

text: during

text: their

text: low

text: power

text: enumeration

text: phases

text: but

text: may

text: request

text: high

text: power

text: and

text: get

text: it

text: if

text: available

text: on

text: the

text: providing

text: bus

question: What is a unit load defined as?

answer: 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0

text: 100 mA in USB 1.x and 2.0

question: How much is a unit load in USB 3.0?

answer: 150 mA

text: 150 mA

question: What is the maximum amount of load a USB 1. and 2.0 device may draw?

answer: five unit loads

text: five unit loads

question: What is the maximum amount of load a USB 3.0 device may draw?

answer: six unit loads

text: six unit loads


text: Though the sultan was the supreme monarch, the sultan's political and executive authority was delegated. The politics of the state had a number of advisors and ministers gathered around a council known as Divan (after the 17th century it was renamed the "Porte"). The Divan, in the years when the Ottoman state was still a Beylik, was composed of the elders of the tribe. Its composition was later modified to include military officers and local elites (such as religious and political advisors). Later still, beginning in 1320, a Grand Vizier was appointed to assume certain of the sultan's responsibilities. The Grand Vizier had considerable independence from the sultan with almost unlimited powers of appointment, dismissal and supervision. Beginning with the late 16th century, sultans withdrew from politics and the Grand Vizier became the de facto head of state.

title: Ottoman_Empire

title: Ottoman_Empire

text: Though

text: the

text: sultan

text: was

text: the

text: supreme

text: monarch

text: the

text: sultan

text: 's

text: political

text: and

text: executive

text: authority

text: was

text: delegated

text: The

text: politics

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: had

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: advisors

text: and

text: ministers

text: gathered

text: around

text: a

text: council

text: known

text: as

text: Divan

text: after

text: the

text: century

text: it

text: was

text: renamed

text: the

text: Porte

text: The

text: Divan

text: in

text: the

text: years

text: when

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: state

text: was

text: still

text: a

text: Beylik

text: was

text: composed

text: of

text: the

text: elders

text: of

text: the

text: tribe

text: Its

text: composition

text: was

text: later

text: modified

text: to

text: include

text: military

text: officers

text: and

text: local

text: elites

text: such

text: as

text: religious

text: and

text: political

text: advisors

text: Later

text: still

text: beginning

text: in

text: a

text: Grand

text: Vizier

text: was

text: appointed

text: to

text: assume

text: certain

text: of

text: the

text: sultan

text: 's

text: responsibilities

text: The

text: Grand

text: Vizier

text: had

text: considerable

text: independence

text: from

text: the

text: sultan

text: with

text: almost

text: unlimited

text: powers

text: of

text: appointment

text: dismissal

text: and

text: supervision

text: Beginning

text: with

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: sultans

text: withdrew

text: from

text: politics

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Vizier

text: became

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: head

text: of

text: state

question: The sultan of the ottoman empire had what honorific?

answer: the supreme monarch

text: the supreme monarch

question: What was the council that handled state politics named?

answer: Divan

text: Divan

question: What type of people were initially in the Divan?

answer: elders of the tribe

text: elders of the tribe

question: At a later point other groups were admitted into the Divan, what groups?

answer: military officers and local elites

text: military officers and local elites

question: A Grand Vizar began to be appointed in what year?

answer: 1320


text: On 19 November 1968, following progressive economic decline, the Keïta regime was overthrown in a bloodless military coup led by Moussa Traoré, a day which is now commemorated as Liberation Day. The subsequent military-led regime, with Traoré as president, attempted to reform the economy. His efforts were frustrated by political turmoil and a devastating drought between 1968 to 1974, in which famine killed thousands of people. The Traoré regime faced student unrest beginning in the late 1970s and three coup attempts. The Traoré regime repressed all dissenters until the late 1980s.

title: Mali

title: Mali

text: On

text: November

text: following

text: progressive

text: economic

text: decline

text: the

text: Keïta

text: regime

text: was

text: overthrown

text: in

text: a

text: bloodless

text: military

text: coup

text: led

text: by

text: Moussa

text: Traoré

text: a

text: day

text: which

text: is

text: now

text: commemorated

text: as

text: Liberation

text: Day

text: The

text: subsequent

text: military

text: led

text: regime

text: with

text: Traoré

text: as

text: president

text: attempted

text: to

text: reform

text: the

text: economy

text: His

text: efforts

text: were

text: frustrated

text: by

text: political

text: turmoil

text: and

text: a

text: devastating

text: drought

text: between

text: to

text: in

text: which

text: famine

text: killed

text: thousands

text: of

text: people

text: The

text: Traoré

text: regime

text: faced

text: student

text: unrest

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: three

text: coup

text: attempts

text: The

text: Traoré

text: regime

text: repressed

text: all

text: dissenters

text: until

text: the

text: late

question: What regime was overthrown in 1968?

answer: Keïta regime

text: Keïta regime

question: Who led the military on what is now celebrated Liberation Day?

answer: Moussa Traoré

text: Moussa Traoré

question: What position did Moussa Traoré take on as a result of his success?

answer: president

text: president

question: Between what years did famine and drought afflict the country?

answer: 1968 to 1974

text: 1968 to 1974

question: In the 1970's how many attempts were there the overthrow the govenment?

answer: three coup attempts

text: three coup attempts


text: The loss of industrial and working-class jobs in the city has resulted in high rates of poverty and associated problems. From 2000 to 2009, the city's estimated median household income fell from $29,526 to $26,098. As of 2010[update] the mean income of Detroit is below the overall U.S. average by several thousand dollars. Of every three Detroit residents, one lives in poverty. Luke Bergmann, author of Getting Ghost: Two Young Lives and the Struggle for the Soul of an American City, said in 2010, "Detroit is now one of the poorest big cities in the country."

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: The

text: loss

text: of

text: industrial

text: and

text: working

text: class

text: jobs

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: resulted

text: in

text: high

text: rates

text: of

text: poverty

text: and

text: associated

text: problems

text: From

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: estimated

text: median

text: household

text: income

text: fell

text: from

text: to

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: mean

text: income

text: of

text: Detroit

text: is

text: below

text: the

text: overall

text: U.S.

text: average

text: by

text: several

text: thousand

text: dollars

text: Of

text: every

text: three

text: Detroit

text: residents

text: one

text: lives

text: in

text: poverty

text: Luke

text: Bergmann

text: author

text: of

text: Getting

text: Ghost

text: Two

text: Young

text: Lives

text: and

text: the

text: Struggle

text: for

text: the

text: Soul

text: of

text: an

text: American

text: City

text: said

text: in

text: Detroit

text: is

text: now

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: poorest

text: big

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: country

question: What was the median household income in 2009?

answer: $26,098

question: What was the median household income in 2000?

answer: $29,526

question: How many residents of Detroit in three live in poverty?

answer: one

text: one

question: Who said that Detroit is one of the poorest big cities in the country?

answer: Luke Bergmann

text: Luke Bergmann


text: The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine, nicknamed Baby, was the world's first stored-program computer. It was built at the Victoria University of Manchester by Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Tootill, and ran its first program on 21 June 1948. It was designed as a testbed for the Williams tube the first random-access digital storage device. Although the computer was considered "small and primitive" by the standards of its time, it was the first working machine to contain all of the elements essential to a modern electronic computer. As soon as the SSEM had demonstrated the feasibility of its design, a project was initiated at the university to develop it into a more usable computer, the Manchester Mark 1.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: Manchester

text: Small

text: Scale

text: Experimental

text: Machine

text: nicknamed

text: Baby

text: was

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: stored

text: program

text: computer

text: It

text: was

text: built

text: at

text: the

text: Victoria

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: by

text: Frederic

text: C.

text: Williams

text: Tom

text: Kilburn

text: and

text: Geoff

text: Tootill

text: and

text: ran

text: its

text: first

text: program

text: on

text: June

text: It

text: was

text: designed

text: as

text: a

text: testbed

text: for

text: the

text: Williams

text: tube

text: the

text: first

text: random

text: access

text: digital

text: storage

text: device

text: Although

text: the

text: computer

text: was

text: considered

text: small

text: and

text: primitive

text: by

text: the

text: standards

text: of

text: its

text: time

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: working

text: machine

text: to

text: contain

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: elements

text: essential

text: to

text: a

text: modern

text: electronic

text: computer

text: As

text: soon

text: as

text: the

text: SSEM

text: had

text: demonstrated

text: the

text: feasibility

text: of

text: its

text: design

text: a

text: project

text: was

text: initiated

text: at

text: the

text: university

text: to

text: develop

text: it

text: into

text: a

text: more

text: usable

text: computer

text: the

text: Manchester

text: Mark

question: What was the nickname of the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine?

answer: Baby

text: Baby

question: What was the first stored-program computer in the world?

answer: The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine

text: The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine

question: Where was the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine built?

answer: Victoria University of Manchester

text: Victoria University of Manchester

question: Who built the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine?

answer: Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Tootill

text: Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Tootill

question: When did the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine run its first program?

answer: 21 June 1948

text: 21 June 1948


text: The Aksumites erected a number of large stelae, which served a religious purpose in pre-Christian times. One of these granite columns, the obelisk of Aksum, is the largest such structure in the world, standing at 90 feet. Under Ezana (fl. 320–360), Aksum later adopted Christianity. In the 7th century, early Muslims from Mecca also sought refuge from Quraysh persecution by travelling to the kingdom, a journey known in Islamic history as the First Hijra. It is also the alleged resting place of the Ark of the Covenant and the purported home of the Queen of Sheba.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: The

text: Aksumites

text: erected

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: large

text: stelae

text: which

text: served

text: a

text: religious

text: purpose

text: in

text: pre

text: Christian

text: times

text: One

text: of

text: these

text: granite

text: columns

text: the

text: obelisk

text: of

text: Aksum

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: such

text: structure

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: standing

text: at

text: feet

text: Under

text: Ezana

text: fl

text: Aksum

text: later

text: adopted

text: Christianity

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: early

text: Muslims

text: from

text: Mecca

text: also

text: sought

text: refuge

text: from

text: Quraysh

text: persecution

text: by

text: travelling

text: to

text: the

text: kingdom

text: a

text: journey

text: known

text: in

text: Islamic

text: history

text: as

text: the

text: First

text: Hijra

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: alleged

text: resting

text: place

text: of

text: the

text: Ark

text: of

text: the

text: Covenant

text: and

text: the

text: purported

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: Queen

text: of

text: Sheba

question: What purpose did stelae serve?

answer: religious

text: religious

question: Who erected a number of large stelae in pre-Christian times?

answer: The Aksumites

text: The Aksumites

question: Which stelae is considered the largest in the world, standing at 90 feet?

answer: the obelisk of Aksum

text: the obelisk of Aksum

question: Where is the Ark of the Covenant believed to be resting?

answer: Aksum

text: Aksum

question: Who eventually adopted Christianity under Ezana?

answer: Aksum

text: Aksum


text: The city of Richmond operates 28 elementary schools, nine middle schools, and eight high schools, serving a total student population of 24,000 students. There is one Governor's School in the city − the Maggie L. Walker Governor's School for Government and International Studies. In 2008, it was named as one of Newsweek magazine's 18 "public elite" high schools, and in 2012, it was rated #16 of America's best high schools overall. Richmond's public school district also runs one of Virginia's four public charter schools, the Patrick Henry School of Science and Arts, which was founded in 2010.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Richmond

text: operates

text: elementary

text: schools

text: nine

text: middle

text: schools

text: and

text: eight

text: high

text: schools

text: serving

text: a

text: total

text: student

text: population

text: of

text: students

text: There

text: is

text: one

text: Governor

text: 's

text: School

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: the

text: Maggie

text: L.

text: Walker

text: Governor

text: 's

text: School

text: for

text: Government

text: and

text: International

text: Studies

text: In

text: it

text: was

text: named

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: Newsweek

text: magazine

text: 's

text: public

text: elite

text: high

text: schools

text: and

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: rated

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: best

text: high

text: schools

text: overall

text: Richmond

text: 's

text: public

text: school

text: district

text: also

text: runs

text: one

text: of

text: Virginia

text: 's

text: four

text: public

text: charter

text: schools

text: the

text: Patrick

text: Henry

text: School

text: of

text: Science

text: and

text: Arts

text: which

text: was

text: founded

text: in

question: How many high schools are there in Richmond?

answer: eight

text: eight

question: How many primary and secondary school students attend school in Richmond?

answer: 24,000

question: For whom is the Governor's School in Richmond named?

answer: Maggie L. Walker

text: Maggie L. Walker

question: Where was Richmond's Governor's School rated by Newsweek in 2012?

answer: 16

question: When did Patrick Henry School of Science and Arts open its doors?

answer: 2010


text: When the news arrived at Paris of the surrender at Sedan of Napoleon III and 80,000 men, the Second Empire was overthrown by a popular uprising in Paris, which forced the proclamation of a Provisional Government and a Third Republic by general Trochu, Favre and Gambetta at Paris on 4 September, the new government calling itself the Government of National Defence. After the German victory at Sedan, most of the French standing army was either besieged in Metz or prisoner of the Germans, who hoped for an armistice and an end to the war. Bismarck wanted an early peace but had difficulty in finding a legitimate French authority with which to negotiate. The Government of National Defence had no electoral mandate, the Emperor was a captive and the Empress in exile but there had been no abdication de jure and the army was still bound by an oath of allegiance to the defunct imperial régime.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: When

text: the

text: news

text: arrived

text: at

text: Paris

text: of

text: the

text: surrender

text: at

text: Sedan

text: of

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: and

text: men

text: the

text: Second

text: Empire

text: was

text: overthrown

text: by

text: a

text: popular

text: uprising

text: in

text: Paris

text: which

text: forced

text: the

text: proclamation

text: of

text: a

text: Provisional

text: Government

text: and

text: a

text: Third

text: Republic

text: by

text: general

text: Trochu

text: Favre

text: and

text: Gambetta

text: at

text: Paris

text: on

text: September

text: the

text: new

text: government

text: calling

text: itself

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: National

text: Defence

text: After

text: the

text: German

text: victory

text: at

text: Sedan

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: standing

text: army

text: was

text: either

text: besieged

text: in

text: Metz

text: or

text: prisoner

text: of

text: the

text: Germans

text: who

text: hoped

text: for

text: an

text: armistice

text: and

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: the

text: war

text: Bismarck

text: wanted

text: an

text: early

text: peace

text: but

text: had

text: difficulty

text: in

text: finding

text: a

text: legitimate

text: French

text: authority

text: with

text: which

text: to

text: negotiate

text: The

text: Government

text: of

text: National

text: Defence

text: had

text: no

text: electoral

text: mandate

text: the

text: Emperor

text: was

text: a

text: captive

text: and

text: the

text: Empress

text: in

text: exile

text: but

text: there

text: had

text: been

text: no

text: abdication

text: de

text: jure

text: and

text: the

text: army

text: was

text: still

text: bound

text: by

text: an

text: oath

text: of

text: allegiance

text: to

text: the

text: defunct

text: imperial

text: régime

question: Whose surrender hit Paris as big news?

answer: Napoleon III

text: Napoleon III

question: Which empire was overthrown by a popular uprising in Paris?

answer: the Second Empire

text: the Second Empire

question: The uprising forced a proclamation of what?

answer: Provisional Government and a Third Republic

text: Provisional Government and a Third Republic

question: How did the new government refer to itself?

answer: Government of National Defence

text: Government of National Defence

question: Bismarck desired an early piece but lacked what in the negotiation process?

answer: a legitimate French authority

text: a legitimate French authority


text: Diarrheal disease may have a negative impact on both physical fitness and mental development. "Early childhood malnutrition resulting from any cause reduces physical fitness and work productivity in adults," and diarrhea is a primary cause of childhood malnutrition. Further, evidence suggests that diarrheal disease has significant impacts on mental development and health; it has been shown that, even when controlling for helminth infection and early breastfeeding, children who had experienced severe diarrhea had significantly lower scores on a series of tests of intelligence.

title: Diarrhea

title: Diarrhea

text: Diarrheal

text: disease

text: may

text: have

text: a

text: negative

text: impact

text: on

text: both

text: physical

text: fitness

text: and

text: mental

text: development

text: Early

text: childhood

text: malnutrition

text: resulting

text: from

text: any

text: cause

text: reduces

text: physical

text: fitness

text: and

text: work

text: productivity

text: in

text: adults

text: and

text: diarrhea

text: is

text: a

text: primary

text: cause

text: of

text: childhood

text: malnutrition

text: Further

text: evidence

text: suggests

text: that

text: diarrheal

text: disease

text: has

text: significant

text: impacts

text: on

text: mental

text: development

text: and

text: health

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: shown

text: that

text: even

text: when

text: controlling

text: for

text: helminth

text: infection

text: and

text: early

text: breastfeeding

text: children

text: who

text: had

text: experienced

text: severe

text: diarrhea

text: had

text: significantly

text: lower

text: scores

text: on

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: tests

text: of

text: intelligence

question: Diarrheal disease has what effects on a person?

answer: a negative impact on both physical fitness and mental development

text: a negative impact on both physical fitness and mental development

question: What can early childhood malnutrition cause?

answer: reduces physical fitness and work productivity in adults

text: reduces physical fitness and work productivity in adults

question: What is the cause of childhood malnutrition?

answer: diarrhea

text: diarrhea

question: Children who have experienced sever diarrhea are more likely to have what effect?

answer: significantly lower scores on a series of tests of intelligence

text: significantly lower scores on a series of tests of intelligence


text: Some systems are capable of multipoint conferencing with no MCU, stand-alone, embedded or otherwise. These use a standards-based H.323 technique known as "decentralized multipoint", where each station in a multipoint call exchanges video and audio directly with the other stations with no central "manager" or other bottleneck. The advantages of this technique are that the video and audio will generally be of higher quality because they don't have to be relayed through a central point. Also, users can make ad-hoc multipoint calls without any concern for the availability or control of an MCU. This added convenience and quality comes at the expense of some increased network bandwidth, because every station must transmit to every other station directly.

title: Videoconferencing

title: Videoconferencing

text: Some

text: systems

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: multipoint

text: conferencing

text: with

text: no

text: MCU

text: stand

text: alone

text: embedded

text: or

text: otherwise

text: These

text: use

text: a

text: standards

text: based

text: technique

text: known

text: as

text: decentralized

text: multipoint

text: where

text: each

text: station

text: in

text: a

text: multipoint

text: call

text: exchanges

text: video

text: and

text: audio

text: directly

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: stations

text: with

text: no

text: central

text: manager

text: or

text: other

text: bottleneck

text: The

text: advantages

text: of

text: this

text: technique

text: are

text: that

text: the

text: video

text: and

text: audio

text: will

text: generally

text: be

text: of

text: higher

text: quality

text: because

text: they

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: to

text: be

text: relayed

text: through

text: a

text: central

text: point

text: Also

text: users

text: can

text: make

text: ad

text: hoc

text: multipoint

text: calls

text: without

text: any

text: concern

text: for

text: the

text: availability

text: or

text: control

text: of

text: an

text: MCU

text: This

text: added

text: convenience

text: and

text: quality

text: comes

text: at

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: some

text: increased

text: network

text: bandwidth

text: because

text: every

text: station

text: must

text: transmit

text: to

text: every

text: other

text: station

text: directly

question: What do systems with no MCU use in order to perform multipoint conferencing?

answer: a standards-based H.323 technique

text: a standards-based H.323 technique

question: What is one advantage of using an H.323 technique?

answer: higher quality

text: higher quality

question: What is one disadvantage of using the H.323 technique?

answer: increased network bandwidth

text: increased network bandwidth

question: What is the H.323 technique also known as?

answer: decentralized multipoint

text: decentralized multipoint

question: Why is the video and audio of the H.323 technique higher quality?

answer: they don't have to be relayed through a central point

text: they don't have to be relayed through a central point