text: Several commentators have suggested that if the liquidity crisis continues, an extended recession or worse could occur. The continuing development of the crisis has prompted fears of a global economic collapse although there are now many cautiously optimistic forecasters in addition to some prominent sources who remain negative. The financial crisis is likely to yield the biggest banking shakeout since the savings-and-loan meltdown. Investment bank UBS stated on October 6 that 2008 would see a clear global recession, with recovery unlikely for at least two years. Three days later UBS economists announced that the "beginning of the end" of the crisis had begun, with the world starting to make the necessary actions to fix the crisis: capital injection by governments; injection made systemically; interest rate cuts to help borrowers. The United Kingdom had started systemic injection, and the world's central banks were now cutting interest rates. UBS emphasized the United States needed to implement systemic injection. UBS further emphasized that this fixes only the financial crisis, but that in economic terms "the worst is still to come". UBS quantified their expected recession durations on October 16: the Eurozone's would last two quarters, the United States' would last three quarters, and the United Kingdom's would last four quarters. The economic crisis in Iceland involved all three of the country's major banks. Relative to the size of its economy, Iceland’s banking collapse is the largest suffered by any country in economic history.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: Several

text: commentators

text: have

text: suggested

text: that

text: if

text: the

text: liquidity

text: crisis

text: continues

text: an

text: extended

text: recession

text: or

text: worse

text: could

text: occur

text: The

text: continuing

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: crisis

text: has

text: prompted

text: fears

text: of

text: a

text: global

text: economic

text: collapse

text: although

text: there

text: are

text: now

text: many

text: cautiously

text: optimistic

text: forecasters

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: some

text: prominent

text: sources

text: who

text: remain

text: negative

text: The

text: financial

text: crisis

text: is

text: likely

text: to

text: yield

text: the

text: biggest

text: banking

text: shakeout

text: since

text: the

text: savings

text: and

text: loan

text: meltdown

text: Investment

text: bank

text: UBS

text: stated

text: on

text: October

text: that

text: would

text: see

text: a

text: clear

text: global

text: recession

text: with

text: recovery

text: unlikely

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: years

text: Three

text: days

text: later

text: UBS

text: economists

text: announced

text: that

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: crisis

text: had

text: begun

text: with

text: the

text: world

text: starting

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: necessary

text: actions

text: to

text: fix

text: the

text: crisis

text: capital

text: injection

text: by

text: governments

text: injection

text: made

text: systemically

text: interest

text: rate

text: cuts

text: to

text: help

text: borrowers

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: had

text: started

text: systemic

text: injection

text: and

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: central

text: banks

text: were

text: now

text: cutting

text: interest

text: rates

text: UBS

text: emphasized

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: needed

text: to

text: implement

text: systemic

text: injection

text: UBS

text: further

text: emphasized

text: that

text: this

text: fixes

text: only

text: the

text: financial

text: crisis

text: but

text: that

text: in

text: economic

text: terms

text: the

text: worst

text: is

text: still

text: to

text: come

text: UBS

text: quantified

text: their

text: expected

text: recession

text: durations

text: on

text: October

text: the

text: Eurozone

text: 's

text: would

text: last

text: two

text: quarters

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: would

text: last

text: three

text: quarters

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: 's

text: would

text: last

text: four

text: quarters

text: The

text: economic

text: crisis

text: in

text: Iceland

text: involved

text: all

text: three

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: major

text: banks

text: Relative

text: to

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: its

text: economy

text: Iceland

text: ’s

text: banking

text: collapse

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: suffered

text: by

text: any

text: country

text: in

text: economic

text: history

question: In 2008, what type collapse was feared?

answer: global economic collapse

text: global economic collapse

question: What investment bank stated on October 6 that 2008 would see a global recession lasting for at least two years?

answer: UBS

text: UBS

question: On October 16, 2008, how long did UBS predict the United States' recession would last?

answer: three quarters

text: three quarters

question: Relative to the size of its economy, what country's banking collapse was the largest experienced by any country in economic history?

answer: Iceland

text: Iceland

question: What was one of the actions taken by government to fix the financial crisis?

answer: capital injection

text: capital injection


text: The bacillus causing tuberculosis, M. tuberculosis, was identified and described on 24 March 1882 by Robert Koch. He received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1905 for this discovery. Koch did not believe the bovine (cattle) and human tuberculosis diseases were similar, which delayed the recognition of infected milk as a source of infection. Later, the risk of transmission from this source was dramatically reduced by the invention of the pasteurization process. Koch announced a glycerine extract of the tubercle bacilli as a "remedy" for tuberculosis in 1890, calling it "tuberculin". While it was not effective, it was later successfully adapted as a screening test for the presence of pre-symptomatic tuberculosis. The World Tuberculosis Day was established on 24 March for this reason.

title: Tuberculosis

title: Tuberculosis

text: The

text: bacillus

text: causing

text: tuberculosis

text: M.

text: tuberculosis

text: was

text: identified

text: and

text: described

text: on

text: March

text: by

text: Robert

text: Koch

text: He

text: received

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: in

text: physiology

text: or

text: medicine

text: in

text: for

text: this

text: discovery

text: Koch

text: did

text: not

text: believe

text: the

text: bovine

text: cattle

text: and

text: human

text: tuberculosis

text: diseases

text: were

text: similar

text: which

text: delayed

text: the

text: recognition

text: of

text: infected

text: milk

text: as

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: infection

text: Later

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: transmission

text: from

text: this

text: source

text: was

text: dramatically

text: reduced

text: by

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: pasteurization

text: process

text: Koch

text: announced

text: a

text: glycerine

text: extract

text: of

text: the

text: tubercle

text: bacilli

text: as

text: a

text: remedy

text: for

text: tuberculosis

text: in

text: calling

text: it

text: tuberculin

text: While

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: effective

text: it

text: was

text: later

text: successfully

text: adapted

text: as

text: a

text: screening

text: test

text: for

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: pre

text: symptomatic

text: tuberculosis

text: The

text: World

text: Tuberculosis

text: Day

text: was

text: established

text: on

text: March

text: for

text: this

text: reason

question: Who discovered M. tuberculosis?

answer: Robert Koch

text: Robert Koch

question: What year was Koch awarded a Nobel Prize?

answer: 1905

question: Koch's conviction that human and bovine strains of TB were unrelated meant more people were exposed by drinking what?

answer: milk

text: milk

question: What did Koch call the ineffective treatment for TB he came up with in 1890?

answer: tuberculin

text: tuberculin

question: What event is celebrated on March 24th to recognize the test for latent TB?

answer: World Tuberculosis Day

text: World Tuberculosis Day


text: Pesticides safety education and pesticide applicator regulation are designed to protect the public from pesticide misuse, but do not eliminate all misuse. Reducing the use of pesticides and choosing less toxic pesticides may reduce risks placed on society and the environment from pesticide use. Integrated pest management, the use of multiple approaches to control pests, is becoming widespread and has been used with success in countries such as Indonesia, China, Bangladesh, the U.S., Australia, and Mexico. IPM attempts to recognize the more widespread impacts of an action on an ecosystem, so that natural balances are not upset. New pesticides are being developed, including biological and botanical derivatives and alternatives that are thought to reduce health and environmental risks. In addition, applicators are being encouraged to consider alternative controls and adopt methods that reduce the use of chemical pesticides.

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: Pesticides

text: safety

text: education

text: and

text: pesticide

text: applicator

text: regulation

text: are

text: designed

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: public

text: from

text: pesticide

text: misuse

text: but

text: do

text: not

text: eliminate

text: all

text: misuse

text: Reducing

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: pesticides

text: and

text: choosing

text: less

text: toxic

text: pesticides

text: may

text: reduce

text: risks

text: placed

text: on

text: society

text: and

text: the

text: environment

text: from

text: pesticide

text: use

text: Integrated

text: pest

text: management

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: multiple

text: approaches

text: to

text: control

text: pests

text: is

text: becoming

text: widespread

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: with

text: success

text: in

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Indonesia

text: China

text: Bangladesh

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Australia

text: and

text: Mexico

text: IPM

text: attempts

text: to

text: recognize

text: the

text: more

text: widespread

text: impacts

text: of

text: an

text: action

text: on

text: an

text: ecosystem

text: so

text: that

text: natural

text: balances

text: are

text: not

text: upset

text: New

text: pesticides

text: are

text: being

text: developed

text: including

text: biological

text: and

text: botanical

text: derivatives

text: and

text: alternatives

text: that

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: reduce

text: health

text: and

text: environmental

text: risks

text: In

text: addition

text: applicators

text: are

text: being

text: encouraged

text: to

text: consider

text: alternative

text: controls

text: and

text: adopt

text: methods

text: that

text: reduce

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: chemical

text: pesticides

question: What is one measure taken to keep society safe from improper pesticide use?

answer: pesticide applicator regulation

text: pesticide applicator regulation

question: What is a choice that users of pesticides can make that will lower risks?

answer: choosing less toxic pesticides

text: choosing less toxic pesticides

question: What is one country that has sucessfully used IPM?

answer: Australia

text: Australia

question: Biological and botanical derivatives have what positive effects?

answer: reduce health and environmental risks

text: reduce health and environmental risks

question: Who has the ability to make the choice of using less harmful pesticides?

answer: applicators

text: applicators


text: Conventional ("tailhook") aircraft rely upon a landing signal officer (LSO, radio call sign paddles) to monitor the aircraft's approach, visually gauge glideslope, attitude, and airspeed, and transmit that data to the pilot. Before the angled deck emerged in the 1950s, LSOs used colored paddles to signal corrections to the pilot (hence the nickname). From the late 1950s onward, visual landing aids such as Optical Landing System have provided information on proper glide slope, but LSOs still transmit voice calls to approaching pilots by radio.

title: Aircraft_carrier

title: Aircraft_carrier

text: Conventional

text: tailhook

text: aircraft

text: rely

text: upon

text: a

text: landing

text: signal

text: officer

text: LSO

text: radio

text: call

text: sign

text: paddles

text: to

text: monitor

text: the

text: aircraft

text: 's

text: approach

text: visually

text: gauge

text: glideslope

text: attitude

text: and

text: airspeed

text: and

text: transmit

text: that

text: data

text: to

text: the

text: pilot

text: Before

text: the

text: angled

text: deck

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: LSOs

text: used

text: colored

text: paddles

text: to

text: signal

text: corrections

text: to

text: the

text: pilot

text: hence

text: the

text: nickname

text: From

text: the

text: late

text: onward

text: visual

text: landing

text: aids

text: such

text: as

text: Optical

text: Landing

text: System

text: have

text: provided

text: information

text: on

text: proper

text: glide

text: slope

text: but

text: LSOs

text: still

text: transmit

text: voice

text: calls

text: to

text: approaching

text: pilots

text: by

text: radio

question: What does LSO stand for?

answer: landing signal officer

text: landing signal officer

question: Who does a conventional aircraft rely upon to moniter the aircraft's approach and transmit the data to the pilot?

answer: a landing signal officer

text: a landing signal officer

question: What did LSO's use to signal corrections to the pilot prior to the angled deck designs introduced in the 1950's?

answer: colored paddles

text: colored paddles

question: Which visual landing aids have provided information on proper glide slope since the late 1950's?

answer: Optical Landing System

text: Optical Landing System

question: What are LSO's still being used to do?

answer: transmit voice calls to approaching pilots by radio

text: transmit voice calls to approaching pilots by radio


text: During Mubarak's reign, the political scene was dominated by the National Democratic Party, which was created by Sadat in 1978. It passed the 1993 Syndicates Law, 1995 Press Law, and 1999 Nongovernmental Associations Law which hampered freedoms of association and expression by imposing new regulations and draconian penalties on violations.[citation needed] As a result, by the late 1990s parliamentary politics had become virtually irrelevant and alternative avenues for political expression were curtailed as well.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: During

text: Mubarak

text: 's

text: reign

text: the

text: political

text: scene

text: was

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: National

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: which

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: Sadat

text: in

text: It

text: passed

text: the

text: Syndicates

text: Law

text: Press

text: Law

text: and

text: Nongovernmental

text: Associations

text: Law

text: which

text: hampered

text: freedoms

text: of

text: association

text: and

text: expression

text: by

text: imposing

text: new

text: regulations

text: and

text: draconian

text: penalties

text: on

text: violations.[citation

text: needed

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: by

text: the

text: late

text: parliamentary

text: politics

text: had

text: become

text: virtually

text: irrelevant

text: and

text: alternative

text: avenues

text: for

text: political

text: expression

text: were

text: curtailed

text: as

text: well

question: What group dominated the political scene when Mubarak was in power?

answer: National Democratic Party,

text: National Democratic Party,

question: What laws created in 1990s impacted culture?

answer: 1993 Syndicates Law, 1995 Press Law, and 1999 Nongovernmental Associations Law

text: 1993 Syndicates Law, 1995 Press Law, and 1999 Nongovernmental Associations Law

question: When did parliamentary politics become irrelevant in Egypt?

answer: late 1990s

text: late 1990s


text: France's blended Jewish community is typical of the cultural recombination that is going on among Jews throughout the world. Although France expelled its original Jewish population in the Middle Ages, by the time of the French Revolution, there were two distinct Jewish populations. One consisted of Sephardic Jews, originally refugees from the Inquisition and concentrated in the southwest, while the other community was Ashkenazi, concentrated in formerly German Alsace, and speaking mainly Yiddish. The two communities were so separate and different that the National Assembly emancipated them separately in 1790 and 1791.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: France

text: 's

text: blended

text: Jewish

text: community

text: is

text: typical

text: of

text: the

text: cultural

text: recombination

text: that

text: is

text: going

text: on

text: among

text: Jews

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: Although

text: France

text: expelled

text: its

text: original

text: Jewish

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: by

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: there

text: were

text: two

text: distinct

text: Jewish

text: populations

text: One

text: consisted

text: of

text: Sephardic

text: Jews

text: originally

text: refugees

text: from

text: the

text: Inquisition

text: and

text: concentrated

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: while

text: the

text: other

text: community

text: was

text: Ashkenazi

text: concentrated

text: in

text: formerly

text: German

text: Alsace

text: and

text: speaking

text: mainly

text: Yiddish

text: The

text: two

text: communities

text: were

text: so

text: separate

text: and

text: different

text: that

text: the

text: National

text: Assembly

text: emancipated

text: them

text: separately

text: in

text: and

question: When did France expel its original Jewish population?

answer: the Middle Ages

text: the Middle Ages

question: By the time of the French Revolution there were how many distinct Jewish populations?

answer: two distinct Jewish populations

text: two distinct Jewish populations


text: On 8 June 1856, the next settlement began on Norfolk Island. These were the descendants of Tahitians and the HMS Bounty mutineers, including those of Fletcher Christian. They resettled from the Pitcairn Islands, which had become too small for their growing population. On 3 May 1856, 193 persons left Pitcairn Islands aboard the "Morayshire". On 8 June 194 persons arrived, a baby having been born in transit. The Pitcairners occupied many of the buildings remaining from the penal settlements, and gradually established traditional farming and whaling industries on the island. Although some families decided to return to Pitcairn in 1858 and 1863, the island's population continued to grow. They accepted additional settlers, who often arrived with whaling fleets.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: On

text: June

text: the

text: next

text: settlement

text: began

text: on

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: These

text: were

text: the

text: descendants

text: of

text: Tahitians

text: and

text: the

text: HMS

text: Bounty

text: mutineers

text: including

text: those

text: of

text: Fletcher

text: Christian

text: They

text: resettled

text: from

text: the

text: Pitcairn

text: Islands

text: which

text: had

text: become

text: too

text: small

text: for

text: their

text: growing

text: population

text: On

text: May

text: persons

text: left

text: Pitcairn

text: Islands

text: aboard

text: the

text: Morayshire

text: On

text: June

text: persons

text: arrived

text: a

text: baby

text: having

text: been

text: born

text: in

text: transit

text: The

text: Pitcairners

text: occupied

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: buildings

text: remaining

text: from

text: the

text: penal

text: settlements

text: and

text: gradually

text: established

text: traditional

text: farming

text: and

text: whaling

text: industries

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: Although

text: some

text: families

text: decided

text: to

text: return

text: to

text: Pitcairn

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: population

text: continued

text: to

text: grow

text: They

text: accepted

text: additional

text: settlers

text: who

text: often

text: arrived

text: with

text: whaling

text: fleets

question: Who were the next settlement of people on Norfolk Island descended from?

answer: Tahitians and the HMS Bounty mutineers

text: Tahitians and the HMS Bounty mutineers

question: Where did the next settlement of people on Norfolk Island settle from?

answer: the Pitcairn Islands

text: the Pitcairn Islands

question: On May 3, 1856, how many Pitcairners left for Norfolk Island?

answer: 193

question: What was the name of the ship the Pitcairners traveled on to Norfolk Island?

answer: Morayshire

text: Morayshire

question: What trades did the Pitcairners establish while on Norfolk Island?

answer: farming and whaling industries

text: farming and whaling industries


text: After the disappointment of the Gaspart era, the combination of a new young president, Joan Laporta, and a young new manager, former Dutch and Milan star Frank Rijkaard, saw the club bounce back. On the field, an influx of international players, including Ronaldinho, Deco, Henrik Larsson, Ludovic Giuly, Samuel Eto'o, and Rafael Márquez, combined with home grown Spanish players, such as Carles Puyol, Andrés Iniesta, Xavi and Víctor Valdés, led to the club's return to success. Barcelona won La Liga and the Supercopa de España in 2004–05, and Ronaldinho and Eto'o were voted first and third, respectively, in the FIFA World Player of the Year awards.

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: After

text: the

text: disappointment

text: of

text: the

text: Gaspart

text: era

text: the

text: combination

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: young

text: president

text: Joan

text: Laporta

text: and

text: a

text: young

text: new

text: manager

text: former

text: Dutch

text: and

text: Milan

text: star

text: Frank

text: Rijkaard

text: saw

text: the

text: club

text: bounce

text: back

text: On

text: the

text: field

text: an

text: influx

text: of

text: international

text: players

text: including

text: Ronaldinho

text: Deco

text: Henrik

text: Larsson

text: Ludovic

text: Giuly

text: Samuel

text: Eto'o

text: and

text: Rafael

text: Márquez

text: combined

text: with

text: home

text: grown

text: Spanish

text: players

text: such

text: as

text: Carles

text: Puyol

text: Andrés

text: Iniesta

text: Xavi

text: and

text: Víctor

text: Valdés

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: club

text: 's

text: return

text: to

text: success

text: Barcelona

text: won

text: La

text: Liga

text: and

text: the

text: Supercopa

text: de

text: España

text: in

text: and

text: Ronaldinho

text: and

text: Eto'o

text: were

text: voted

text: first

text: and

text: third

text: respectively

text: in

text: the

text: FIFA

text: World

text: Player

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: awards

question: Under whose direction was there disappointment?

answer: Gaspart

text: Gaspart

question: After Gaspart, who was manager of team Barcelona?

answer: Frank Rijkaard

text: Frank Rijkaard

question: At this time, what type of players were added to Barcelona?

answer: international

text: international

question: What season did Barcelona win La Liga and Supercopa de Espana?

answer: 2004–05

question: Which player won FIFA World Player of the Year?

answer: Ronaldinho

text: Ronaldinho


text: In a chapter of The Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, von Neumann deeply analyzed the so-called measurement problem. He concluded that the entire physical universe could be made subject to the universal wave function. Since something "outside the calculation" was needed to collapse the wave function, von Neumann concluded that the collapse was caused by the consciousness of the experimenter (although this view was accepted by Eugene Wigner, the Von Neumann–Wigner interpretation never gained acceptance amongst the majority of physicists).

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: In

text: a

text: chapter

text: of

text: The

text: Mathematical

text: Foundations

text: of

text: Quantum

text: Mechanics

text: von

text: Neumann

text: deeply

text: analyzed

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: measurement

text: problem

text: He

text: concluded

text: that

text: the

text: entire

text: physical

text: universe

text: could

text: be

text: made

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: universal

text: wave

text: function

text: Since

text: something

text: outside

text: the

text: calculation

text: was

text: needed

text: to

text: collapse

text: the

text: wave

text: function

text: von

text: Neumann

text: concluded

text: that

text: the

text: collapse

text: was

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: consciousness

text: of

text: the

text: experimenter

text: although

text: this

text: view

text: was

text: accepted

text: by

text: Eugene

text: Wigner

text: the

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: Wigner

text: interpretation

text: never

text: gained

text: acceptance

text: amongst

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: physicists

question: What results came from von Neumann's deep analysis of the measurement problem?

answer: physical universe could be made subject to the universal wave function

text: physical universe could be made subject to the universal wave function

question: What "outside of calculation" variable could initiate collapse in von Neumann's conclusion?

answer: consciousness of the experimenter

text: consciousness of the experimenter

question: Were von Neumann's conclusions of collapse of entire universe cause accepted widely?

answer: Von Neumann–Wigner interpretation never gained acceptance amongst the majority of physicists

text: Von Neumann–Wigner interpretation never gained acceptance amongst the majority of physicists


text: Chemical communications in animals rely on a variety of aspects including taste and smell. Chemoreception is the physiological response of a sense organ (i.e. taste or smell) to a chemical stimulus where the chemicals act as signals to regulate the state or activity of a cell. A semiochemical is a message-carrying chemical that is meant to attract, repel, and convey information. Types of semiochemicals include pheromones and kairomones. One example is the butterfly Phengaris arion which uses chemical signals as a form of mimicry to aid in predation.

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: Chemical

text: communications

text: in

text: animals

text: rely

text: on

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: aspects

text: including

text: taste

text: and

text: smell

text: Chemoreception

text: is

text: the

text: physiological

text: response

text: of

text: a

text: sense

text: organ

text: i.e.

text: taste

text: or

text: smell

text: to

text: a

text: chemical

text: stimulus

text: where

text: the

text: chemicals

text: act

text: as

text: signals

text: to

text: regulate

text: the

text: state

text: or

text: activity

text: of

text: a

text: cell

text: A

text: semiochemical

text: is

text: a

text: message

text: carrying

text: chemical

text: that

text: is

text: meant

text: to

text: attract

text: repel

text: and

text: convey

text: information

text: Types

text: of

text: semiochemicals

text: include

text: pheromones

text: and

text: kairomones

text: One

text: example

text: is

text: the

text: butterfly

text: Phengaris

text: arion

text: which

text: uses

text: chemical

text: signals

text: as

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: mimicry

text: to

text: aid

text: in

text: predation

question: Animal taste and smell rely on what kind of communication?

answer: Chemical

text: Chemical

question: What is the physiological response of a sense organ called?

answer: Chemoreception

text: Chemoreception

question: Chemical stimuli are signals that regulate the activity of what?

answer: a cell

text: a cell

question: What is a message-carrying chemical called?

answer: semiochemical

text: semiochemical

question: Kairomones are a type of what?

answer: semiochemicals

text: semiochemicals


text: All birds lay amniotic eggs with hard shells made mostly of calcium carbonate. Hole and burrow nesting species tend to lay white or pale eggs, while open nesters lay camouflaged eggs. There are many exceptions to this pattern, however; the ground-nesting nightjars have pale eggs, and camouflage is instead provided by their plumage. Species that are victims of brood parasites have varying egg colours to improve the chances of spotting a parasite's egg, which forces female parasites to match their eggs to those of their hosts.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: All

text: birds

text: lay

text: amniotic

text: eggs

text: with

text: hard

text: shells

text: made

text: mostly

text: of

text: calcium

text: carbonate

text: Hole

text: and

text: burrow

text: nesting

text: species

text: tend

text: to

text: lay

text: white

text: or

text: pale

text: eggs

text: while

text: open

text: nesters

text: lay

text: camouflaged

text: eggs

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: exceptions

text: to

text: this

text: pattern

text: however

text: the

text: ground

text: nesting

text: nightjars

text: have

text: pale

text: eggs

text: and

text: camouflage

text: is

text: instead

text: provided

text: by

text: their

text: plumage

text: Species

text: that

text: are

text: victims

text: of

text: brood

text: parasites

text: have

text: varying

text: egg

text: colours

text: to

text: improve

text: the

text: chances

text: of

text: spotting

text: a

text: parasite

text: 's

text: egg

text: which

text: forces

text: female

text: parasites

text: to

text: match

text: their

text: eggs

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: their

text: hosts

question: What kind of eggs to all birds lay?

answer: amniotic eggs

text: amniotic eggs

question: All birds lay eggs with hard shells made mostly out of what?

answer: calcium carbonate

text: calcium carbonate

question: What type of birds lay white or pale eggs?

answer: Hole and burrow nesting species

text: Hole and burrow nesting species

question: What kind of eggs do open nesters lay?

answer: camouflaged eggs

text: camouflaged eggs


text: The specifics of Paleo-Indian migration to and throughout the Americas, including the exact dates and routes traveled, provide the subject of ongoing research and discussion. According to archaeological and genetic evidence, North and South America were the last continents in the world with human habitation. During the Wisconsin glaciation, 50–17,000 years ago, falling sea levels allowed people to move across the land bridge of Beringia that joined Siberia to north west North America (Alaska). Alaska was a glacial refugia because it had low snowfall, allowing a small population to exist. The Laurentide Ice Sheet covered most of North America, blocking nomadic inhabitants and confining them to Alaska (East Beringia) for thousands of years.

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: The

text: specifics

text: of

text: Paleo

text: Indian

text: migration

text: to

text: and

text: throughout

text: the

text: Americas

text: including

text: the

text: exact

text: dates

text: and

text: routes

text: traveled

text: provide

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: ongoing

text: research

text: and

text: discussion

text: According

text: to

text: archaeological

text: and

text: genetic

text: evidence

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: America

text: were

text: the

text: last

text: continents

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: human

text: habitation

text: During

text: the

text: Wisconsin

text: glaciation

text: years

text: ago

text: falling

text: sea

text: levels

text: allowed

text: people

text: to

text: move

text: across

text: the

text: land

text: bridge

text: of

text: Beringia

text: that

text: joined

text: Siberia

text: to

text: north

text: west

text: North

text: America

text: Alaska

text: Alaska

text: was

text: a

text: glacial

text: refugia

text: because

text: it

text: had

text: low

text: snowfall

text: allowing

text: a

text: small

text: population

text: to

text: exist

text: The

text: Laurentide

text: Ice

text: Sheet

text: covered

text: most

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: blocking

text: nomadic

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: confining

text: them

text: to

text: Alaska

text: East

text: Beringia

text: for

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

question: How Paleo-Indians migrated to the Americas is still a matter for what type of research?

answer: ongoing

text: ongoing

question: When did humans inhabit North and South America's continents?

answer: last

text: last

question: What allowed people to move across Beringia to North America?

answer: falling sea levels

text: falling sea levels

question: A small population could exist in Alaska because of it's lack of any significant what?

answer: snowfall

text: snowfall

question: What confined the nomadic inhabitants to East Beringia for thousands of years?

answer: Laurentide Ice Sheet

text: Laurentide Ice Sheet


text: The Science Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Spielberg in 2005, the first year it considered non-literary contributors. In November 2007, he was chosen for a Lifetime Achievement Award to be presented at the sixth annual Visual Effects Society Awards in February 2009. He was set to be honored with the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the January 2008 Golden Globes; however, the new, watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike, the HFPA postponed his honor to the 2009 ceremony. In 2008, Spielberg was awarded the Légion d'honneur.

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: The

text: Science

text: Fiction

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: inducted

text: Spielberg

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: year

text: it

text: considered

text: non

text: literary

text: contributors

text: In

text: November

text: he

text: was

text: chosen

text: for

text: a

text: Lifetime

text: Achievement

text: Award

text: to

text: be

text: presented

text: at

text: the

text: sixth

text: annual

text: Visual

text: Effects

text: Society

text: Awards

text: in

text: February

text: He

text: was

text: set

text: to

text: be

text: honored

text: with

text: the

text: Cecil

text: B.

text: DeMille

text: Award

text: at

text: the

text: January

text: Golden

text: Globes

text: however

text: the

text: new

text: watered

text: down

text: format

text: of

text: the

text: ceremony

text: resulting

text: from

text: conflicts

text: in

text: the

text: writers

text: strike

text: the

text: HFPA

text: postponed

text: his

text: honor

text: to

text: the

text: ceremony

text: In

text: Spielberg

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Légion

text: d'honneur

question: When was Spielberg added to the Science Fiction Hall of Fame?

answer: 2005

question: When did the Visual Effects Society give Spielberg a Lifetime Achievement Award?

answer: February 2009

text: February 2009

question: When did Spielberg win the Cecil B. DeMille Award?

answer: 2009

question: Why was Spielberg's Cecil B. DeMille Award postponed from 2008?

answer: watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike

text: watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike


text: The lowest pressure that can be attained in a system is also dependent on many things other than the nature of the pumps. Multiple pumps may be connected in series, called stages, to achieve higher vacuums. The choice of seals, chamber geometry, materials, and pump-down procedures will all have an impact. Collectively, these are called vacuum technique. And sometimes, the final pressure is not the only relevant characteristic. Pumping systems differ in oil contamination, vibration, preferential pumping of certain gases, pump-down speeds, intermittent duty cycle, reliability, or tolerance to high leakage rates.

title: Vacuum

title: Vacuum

text: The

text: lowest

text: pressure

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: attained

text: in

text: a

text: system

text: is

text: also

text: dependent

text: on

text: many

text: things

text: other

text: than

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: pumps

text: Multiple

text: pumps

text: may

text: be

text: connected

text: in

text: series

text: called

text: stages

text: to

text: achieve

text: higher

text: vacuums

text: The

text: choice

text: of

text: seals

text: chamber

text: geometry

text: materials

text: and

text: pump

text: down

text: procedures

text: will

text: all

text: have

text: an

text: impact

text: Collectively

text: these

text: are

text: called

text: vacuum

text: technique

text: And

text: sometimes

text: the

text: final

text: pressure

text: is

text: not

text: the

text: only

text: relevant

text: characteristic

text: Pumping

text: systems

text: differ

text: in

text: oil

text: contamination

text: vibration

text: preferential

text: pumping

text: of

text: certain

text: gases

text: pump

text: down

text: speeds

text: intermittent

text: duty

text: cycle

text: reliability

text: or

text: tolerance

text: to

text: high

text: leakage

text: rates

question: When multiple pumps are connected in series to produce higher vacuum it is called what?

answer: stages

text: stages

question: The choice of seals, or chamber geometry ,for example impact a pump. Together these are options are called what?

answer: vacuum technique

text: vacuum technique

question: What are two other relevant characteristics of a pumping system along with final pressure?

answer: oil contamination, vibration

text: oil contamination, vibration


text: IndyMac reported that during April 2008, Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgraded the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security (MBS) bonds including $160 million of those issued by IndyMac and which the bank retained in its MBS portfolio. IndyMac concluded that these downgrades would have negatively impacted the Company's risk-based capital ratio as of June 30, 2008. Had these lowered ratings been in effect at March 31, 2008, IndyMac concluded that the bank's capital ratio would have been 9.27% total risk-based. IndyMac warned that if its regulators found its capital position to have fallen below "well capitalized" (minimum 10% risk-based capital ratio) to "adequately capitalized" (8–10% risk-based capital ratio) the bank might no longer be able to use brokered deposits as a source of funds.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: IndyMac

text: reported

text: that

text: during

text: April

text: Moody

text: 's

text: and

text: Standard

text: Poor

text: 's

text: downgraded

text: the

text: ratings

text: on

text: a

text: significant

text: number

text: of

text: Mortgage

text: backed

text: security

text: MBS

text: bonds

text: including

text: million

text: of

text: those

text: issued

text: by

text: IndyMac

text: and

text: which

text: the

text: bank

text: retained

text: in

text: its

text: MBS

text: portfolio

text: IndyMac

text: concluded

text: that

text: these

text: downgrades

text: would

text: have

text: negatively

text: impacted

text: the

text: Company

text: 's

text: risk

text: based

text: capital

text: ratio

text: as

text: of

text: June

text: Had

text: these

text: lowered

text: ratings

text: been

text: in

text: effect

text: at

text: March

text: IndyMac

text: concluded

text: that

text: the

text: bank

text: 's

text: capital

text: ratio

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: total

text: risk

text: based

text: IndyMac

text: warned

text: that

text: if

text: its

text: regulators

text: found

text: its

text: capital

text: position

text: to

text: have

text: fallen

text: below

text: well

text: capitalized

text: minimum

text: risk

text: based

text: capital

text: ratio

text: to

text: adequately

text: capitalized

text: risk

text: based

text: capital

text: ratio

text: the

text: bank

text: might

text: no

text: longer

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: use

text: brokered

text: deposits

text: as

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: funds

question: When did Moody's and Standard & Poor downgrade a significant number of IndyMac's MBS bonds?

answer: April 2008

text: April 2008

question: If IndyMac's downgraded MBS bond ratings had been in effect at March 31, 2008, what would the bank's capital ratio have been?

answer: 9.27%

question: What was the value of IndyMac's MBS bonds retained in its MBS portfolio that were downgraded in April 2008?

answer: $160 million

text: $160 million

question: What was one of the agencies that downgraded a significant number of IndyMac's MBS bonds in April 2008?

answer: Moody's

text: Moody's

question: What is a well capitalized ratio?

answer: minimum 10% risk-based

text: minimum 10% risk-based


text: In the late 20th century a new concept was added to those included in the compass of both structure and function, the consideration of sustainability, hence sustainable architecture. To satisfy the contemporary ethos a building should be constructed in a manner which is environmentally friendly in terms of the production of its materials, its impact upon the natural and built environment of its surrounding area and the demands that it makes upon non-sustainable power sources for heating, cooling, water and waste management and lighting.

title: Architecture

title: Architecture

text: In

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: a

text: new

text: concept

text: was

text: added

text: to

text: those

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: compass

text: of

text: both

text: structure

text: and

text: function

text: the

text: consideration

text: of

text: sustainability

text: hence

text: sustainable

text: architecture

text: To

text: satisfy

text: the

text: contemporary

text: ethos

text: a

text: building

text: should

text: be

text: constructed

text: in

text: a

text: manner

text: which

text: is

text: environmentally

text: friendly

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: its

text: materials

text: its

text: impact

text: upon

text: the

text: natural

text: and

text: built

text: environment

text: of

text: its

text: surrounding

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: demands

text: that

text: it

text: makes

text: upon

text: non

text: sustainable

text: power

text: sources

text: for

text: heating

text: cooling

text: water

text: and

text: waste

text: management

text: and

text: lighting

question: When was the conecept, Sustainable architecture used?

answer: late 20th century

text: late 20th century

question: What novel concept was introduced at the end of the 20th century?

answer: sustainability

text: sustainability

question: To what should a building be friendly?

answer: environment

text: environment

question: What sort of power sources should a building not overuse if the building is to be considered environmentally friendly?

answer: non-sustainable power sources

text: non-sustainable power sources


text: Captain John Byron passed through the islands of Tuvalu in 1764 during his circumnavigation of the globe as captain of the Dolphin (1751). Byron charted the atolls as Lagoon Islands. Keith S. Chambers and Doug Munro (1980) identified Niutao as the island that Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa sailed past on 5 May 1781, thus solving what Europeans had called The Mystery of Gran Cocal. Mourelle's map and journal named the island El Gran Cocal ('The Great Coconut Plantation'); however, the latitude and longitude was uncertain. Longitude could only be reckoned crudely as accurate chronometers were unavailable until the late 18th century.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: Captain

text: John

text: Byron

text: passed

text: through

text: the

text: islands

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: in

text: during

text: his

text: circumnavigation

text: of

text: the

text: globe

text: as

text: captain

text: of

text: the

text: Dolphin

text: Byron

text: charted

text: the

text: atolls

text: as

text: Lagoon

text: Islands

text: Keith

text: S.

text: Chambers

text: and

text: Doug

text: Munro

text: identified

text: Niutao

text: as

text: the

text: island

text: that

text: Francisco

text: Mourelle

text: de

text: la

text: Rúa

text: sailed

text: past

text: on

text: May

text: thus

text: solving

text: what

text: Europeans

text: had

text: called

text: The

text: Mystery

text: of

text: Gran

text: Cocal

text: Mourelle

text: 's

text: map

text: and

text: journal

text: named

text: the

text: island

text: El

text: Gran

text: Cocal

text: The

text: Great

text: Coconut

text: Plantation

text: however

text: the

text: latitude

text: and

text: longitude

text: was

text: uncertain

text: Longitude

text: could

text: only

text: be

text: reckoned

text: crudely

text: as

text: accurate

text: chronometers

text: were

text: unavailable

text: until

text: the

text: late

text: century

question: What explorer traveled through the Tuvalu islands in 1764?

answer: Captain John Byron

text: Captain John Byron

question: What was Captain Byron doing when he visited Tuvalu?

answer: circumnavigation of the globe

text: circumnavigation of the globe

question: Which island of Tuvalu was identified as the one that Mourelle sailed past in 1781?

answer: Niutao

text: Niutao

question: How did Byron name the Tuvalu islands?

answer: Lagoon Islands

text: Lagoon Islands

question: When were chronometers available for accurate location charting?

answer: late 18th

text: late 18th


text: Though Han wooden structures decayed, some Han-dynasty ruins made of brick, stone, and rammed earth remain intact. This includes stone pillar-gates, brick tomb chambers, rammed-earth city walls, rammed-earth and brick beacon towers, rammed-earth sections of the Great Wall, rammed-earth platforms where elevated halls once stood, and two rammed-earth castles in Gansu. The ruins of rammed-earth walls that once surrounded the capitals Chang'an and Luoyang still stand, along with their drainage systems of brick arches, ditches, and ceramic water pipes. Monumental stone pillar-gates, twenty-nine of which survive from the Han period, formed entrances of walled enclosures at shrine and tomb sites. These pillars feature artistic imitations of wooden and ceramic building components such as roof tiles, eaves, and balustrades.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: Though

text: Han

text: wooden

text: structures

text: decayed

text: some

text: Han

text: dynasty

text: ruins

text: made

text: of

text: brick

text: stone

text: and

text: rammed

text: earth

text: remain

text: intact

text: This

text: includes

text: stone

text: pillar

text: gates

text: brick

text: tomb

text: chambers

text: rammed

text: earth

text: city

text: walls

text: rammed

text: earth

text: and

text: brick

text: beacon

text: towers

text: rammed

text: earth

text: sections

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Wall

text: rammed

text: earth

text: platforms

text: where

text: elevated

text: halls

text: once

text: stood

text: and

text: two

text: rammed

text: earth

text: castles

text: in

text: Gansu

text: The

text: ruins

text: of

text: rammed

text: earth

text: walls

text: that

text: once

text: surrounded

text: the

text: capitals

text: Chang'an

text: and

text: Luoyang

text: still

text: stand

text: along

text: with

text: their

text: drainage

text: systems

text: of

text: brick

text: arches

text: ditches

text: and

text: ceramic

text: water

text: pipes

text: Monumental

text: stone

text: pillar

text: gates

text: twenty

text: nine

text: of

text: which

text: survive

text: from

text: the

text: Han

text: period

text: formed

text: entrances

text: of

text: walled

text: enclosures

text: at

text: shrine

text: and

text: tomb

text: sites

text: These

text: pillars

text: feature

text: artistic

text: imitations

text: of

text: wooden

text: and

text: ceramic

text: building

text: components

text: such

text: as

text: roof

text: tiles

text: eaves

text: and

text: balustrades

question: How many stone pillar-gates survive from the Han era?

answer: twenty-nine

text: twenty-nine

question: What architectural feature contained an imitation of a balustrade?

answer: stone pillar-gates

text: stone pillar-gates

question: What building material were tomb chambers constructed with?

answer: brick

text: brick

question: What were the walls that encompassed the city of Luoyang comprised of?

answer: rammed-earth

text: rammed-earth

question: What type of system used ceramic water pipes?

answer: drainage systems

text: drainage systems


text: According to the Constitution, executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government. From the Constitutional amendment of 1986 the President's duties were curtailed to a significant extent, and they are now largely ceremonial; most political power thus lies in the hands of the Prime Minister. The position of Prime Minister, Greece's head of government, belongs to the current leader of the political party that can obtain a vote of confidence by the Parliament. The President of the Republic formally appoints the Prime Minister and, on his recommendation, appoints and dismisses the other members of the Cabinet.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Constitution

text: executive

text: power

text: is

text: exercised

text: by

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: and

text: the

text: Government

text: From

text: the

text: Constitutional

text: amendment

text: of

text: the

text: President

text: 's

text: duties

text: were

text: curtailed

text: to

text: a

text: significant

text: extent

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: now

text: largely

text: ceremonial

text: most

text: political

text: power

text: thus

text: lies

text: in

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: The

text: position

text: of

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Greece

text: 's

text: head

text: of

text: government

text: belongs

text: to

text: the

text: current

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: party

text: that

text: can

text: obtain

text: a

text: vote

text: of

text: confidence

text: by

text: the

text: Parliament

text: The

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: formally

text: appoints

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: and

text: on

text: his

text: recommendation

text: appoints

text: and

text: dismisses

text: the

text: other

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Cabinet

question: The constitution was amended to reduce the President's power in what year?

answer: 1986

question: Who has the most political power in Greece?

answer: Prime Minister

text: Prime Minister

question: The Prime Minister is elected by who?

answer: the Parliament

text: the Parliament

question: Who formally names the Prime Minister?

answer: President of the Republic

text: President of the Republic


text: In Greek mythology, Cerberus is a three-headed watchdog who guards the gates of Hades. In Norse mythology, a bloody, four-eyed dog called Garmr guards Helheim. In Persian mythology, two four-eyed dogs guard the Chinvat Bridge. In Philippine mythology, Kimat who is the pet of Tadaklan, god of thunder, is responsible for lightning. In Welsh mythology, Annwn is guarded by Cŵn Annwn.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: In

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: Cerberus

text: is

text: a

text: three

text: headed

text: watchdog

text: who

text: guards

text: the

text: gates

text: of

text: Hades

text: In

text: Norse

text: mythology

text: a

text: bloody

text: four

text: eyed

text: dog

text: called

text: Garmr

text: guards

text: Helheim

text: In

text: Persian

text: mythology

text: two

text: four

text: eyed

text: dogs

text: guard

text: the

text: Chinvat

text: Bridge

text: In

text: Philippine

text: mythology

text: Kimat

text: who

text: is

text: the

text: pet

text: of

text: Tadaklan

text: god

text: of

text: thunder

text: is

text: responsible

text: for

text: lightning

text: In

text: Welsh

text: mythology

text: Annwn

text: is

text: guarded

text: by

text: Cŵn

text: Annwn

question: What is the name of the dog with three heads in Greek mythology?

answer: Cerberus

text: Cerberus

question: What did Cerberus guard?

answer: the gates of Hades.

text: the gates of Hades.

question: What is the name of the dog with four eyes in Norse mythology?

answer: Garmr

text: Garmr

question: What is the name of the dog in Philippine mythology who is responsible for lightning?

answer: Kimat

text: Kimat

question: Kimat is the dog of Tadaklan, who is the god of what?

answer: thunder

text: thunder

question: In what mythology do two canines watch over the Chinvat Bridge?

answer: Persian

text: Persian

question: Who is the three headed watchdog guarding Hades?

answer: Cerberus

text: Cerberus

question: Who is the dog that guards Helheim?

answer: Garmr

text: Garmr

question: Who is Tadaklan?

answer: god of thunder

text: god of thunder

question: Who is Tadaklan's pet that is responsible for lightning?

answer: Kimat

text: Kimat


text: During the Nazi occupation of France during World War II, Brazzaville functioned as the symbolic capital of Free France between 1940 and 1943. The Brazzaville Conference of 1944 heralded a period of major reform in French colonial policy. Congo benefited from the postwar expansion of colonial administrative and infrastructure spending as a result of its central geographic location within AEF and the federal capital at Brazzaville. It also received a local legislature after the adoption of the 1946 constitution that established the Fourth Republic.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: During

text: the

text: Nazi

text: occupation

text: of

text: France

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Brazzaville

text: functioned

text: as

text: the

text: symbolic

text: capital

text: of

text: Free

text: France

text: between

text: and

text: The

text: Brazzaville

text: Conference

text: of

text: heralded

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: major

text: reform

text: in

text: French

text: colonial

text: policy

text: Congo

text: benefited

text: from

text: the

text: postwar

text: expansion

text: of

text: colonial

text: administrative

text: and

text: infrastructure

text: spending

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: its

text: central

text: geographic

text: location

text: within

text: AEF

text: and

text: the

text: federal

text: capital

text: at

text: Brazzaville

text: It

text: also

text: received

text: a

text: local

text: legislature

text: after

text: the

text: adoption

text: of

text: the

text: constitution

text: that

text: established

text: the

text: Fourth

text: Republic

question: What served as the capital of France in spirit during the Occupation?

answer: Brazzaville

text: Brazzaville

question: What meeting brought about changes in France's policy towards its colonies?

answer: Brazzaville Conference of 1944

text: Brazzaville Conference of 1944

question: When did Brazzaville get its own local government?

answer: 1946

question: What did the 1946 constitution establish Brazzaville as?

answer: the Fourth Republic

text: the Fourth Republic


text: BYU's stated mission "is to assist individuals in their quest for perfection and eternal life." BYU is thus considered by its leaders to be at heart a religious institution, wherein, ideally, religious and secular education are interwoven in a way that encourages the highest standards in both areas. This weaving of the secular and the religious aspects of a religious university goes back as far as Brigham Young himself, who told Karl G. Maeser when the Church purchased the school: "I want you to remember that you ought not to teach even the alphabet or the multiplication tables without the Spirit of God."

title: Brigham_Young_University

title: Brigham_Young_University

text: BYU

text: 's

text: stated

text: mission

text: is

text: to

text: assist

text: individuals

text: in

text: their

text: quest

text: for

text: perfection

text: and

text: eternal

text: life

text: BYU

text: is

text: thus

text: considered

text: by

text: its

text: leaders

text: to

text: be

text: at

text: heart

text: a

text: religious

text: institution

text: wherein

text: ideally

text: religious

text: and

text: secular

text: education

text: are

text: interwoven

text: in

text: a

text: way

text: that

text: encourages

text: the

text: highest

text: standards

text: in

text: both

text: areas

text: This

text: weaving

text: of

text: the

text: secular

text: and

text: the

text: religious

text: aspects

text: of

text: a

text: religious

text: university

text: goes

text: back

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: Brigham

text: Young

text: himself

text: who

text: told

text: Karl

text: G.

text: Maeser

text: when

text: the

text: Church

text: purchased

text: the

text: school

text: I

text: want

text: you

text: to

text: remember

text: that

text: you

text: ought

text: not

text: to

text: teach

text: even

text: the

text: alphabet

text: or

text: the

text: multiplication

text: tables

text: without

text: the

text: Spirit

text: of

text: God

question: What is the stated mission of BYU?

answer: "is to assist individuals in their quest for perfection and eternal life."

text: "is to assist individuals in their quest for perfection and eternal life."

question: What did Brigham Young instruct Karl G. Maeser to not teach even the alphabet without?

answer: the Spirit of God

text: the Spirit of God

question: What type of institution do BYU leaders consider it to be at heart?

answer: religious

text: religious

question: What two types of education does BYU strive to excel in while combining?

answer: religious and secular

text: religious and secular


text: Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas fluorescens can both mobilize solid copper, as a cyanide compound. The ericoid mycorrhizal fungi associated with Calluna, Erica and Vaccinium can grow in copper metalliferous soils. The ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus luteus protects young pine trees from copper toxicity. A sample of the fungus Aspergillus niger was found growing from gold mining solution; and was found to contain cyano metal complexes; such as gold, silver, copper iron and zinc. The fungus also plays a role in the solubilization of heavy metal sulfides.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: Chromobacterium

text: violaceum

text: and

text: Pseudomonas

text: fluorescens

text: can

text: both

text: mobilize

text: solid

text: copper

text: as

text: a

text: cyanide

text: compound

text: The

text: ericoid

text: mycorrhizal

text: fungi

text: associated

text: with

text: Calluna

text: Erica

text: and

text: Vaccinium

text: can

text: grow

text: in

text: copper

text: metalliferous

text: soils

text: The

text: ectomycorrhizal

text: fungus

text: Suillus

text: luteus

text: protects

text: young

text: pine

text: trees

text: from

text: copper

text: toxicity

text: A

text: sample

text: of

text: the

text: fungus

text: Aspergillus

text: niger

text: was

text: found

text: growing

text: from

text: gold

text: mining

text: solution

text: and

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: contain

text: cyano

text: metal

text: complexes

text: such

text: as

text: gold

text: silver

text: copper

text: iron

text: and

text: zinc

text: The

text: fungus

text: also

text: plays

text: a

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: solubilization

text: of

text: heavy

text: metal

text: sulfides

question: Name a compond that can mobilize sold copper?

answer: Chromobacterium violaceum

text: Chromobacterium violaceum

question: What fungi can grow in copper metalliferous soils?

answer: ericoid mycorrhizal fungi

text: ericoid mycorrhizal fungi

question: What fungus protects pine trees from copper toxicity?

answer: Suillus luteus

text: Suillus luteus

question: What fungus grows from gold mining solution?

answer: Aspergillus niger

text: Aspergillus niger

question: What fungus helps to soften heavy metal sulfides?

answer: fungus Aspergillus

text: fungus Aspergillus


text: Probably the most influential single device on the interpretation of these characters was the Teletype Model 33 ASR, which was a printing terminal with an available paper tape reader/punch option. Paper tape was a very popular medium for long-term program storage until the 1980s, less costly and in some ways less fragile than magnetic tape. In particular, the Teletype Model 33 machine assignments for codes 17 (Control-Q, DC1, also known as XON), 19 (Control-S, DC3, also known as XOFF), and 127 (Delete) became de facto standards. The Model 33 was also notable for taking the description of Control-G (BEL, meaning audibly alert the operator) literally as the unit contained an actual bell which it rang when it received a BEL character. Because the keytop for the O key also showed a left-arrow symbol (from ASCII-1963, which had this character instead of underscore), a noncompliant use of code 15 (Control-O, Shift In) interpreted as "delete previous character" was also adopted by many early timesharing systems but eventually became neglected.

title: ASCII

title: ASCII

text: Probably

text: the

text: most

text: influential

text: single

text: device

text: on

text: the

text: interpretation

text: of

text: these

text: characters

text: was

text: the

text: Teletype

text: Model

text: ASR

text: which

text: was

text: a

text: printing

text: terminal

text: with

text: an

text: available

text: paper

text: tape

text: reader

text: punch

text: option

text: Paper

text: tape

text: was

text: a

text: very

text: popular

text: medium

text: for

text: long

text: term

text: program

text: storage

text: until

text: the

text: less

text: costly

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: ways

text: less

text: fragile

text: than

text: magnetic

text: tape

text: In

text: particular

text: the

text: Teletype

text: Model

text: machine

text: assignments

text: for

text: codes

text: Control

text: Q

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: XON

text: Control

text: S

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: XOFF

text: and

text: Delete

text: became

text: de

text: facto

text: standards

text: The

text: Model

text: was

text: also

text: notable

text: for

text: taking

text: the

text: description

text: of

text: Control

text: G

text: BEL

text: meaning

text: audibly

text: alert

text: the

text: operator

text: literally

text: as

text: the

text: unit

text: contained

text: an

text: actual

text: bell

text: which

text: it

text: rang

text: when

text: it

text: received

text: a

text: BEL

text: character

text: Because

text: the

text: keytop

text: for

text: the

text: O

text: key

text: also

text: showed

text: a

text: left

text: arrow

text: symbol

text: from

text: which

text: had

text: this

text: character

text: instead

text: of

text: underscore

text: a

text: noncompliant

text: use

text: of

text: code

text: Control

text: O

text: Shift

text: In

text: interpreted

text: as

text: delete

text: previous

text: character

text: was

text: also

text: adopted

text: by

text: many

text: early

text: timesharing

text: systems

text: but

text: eventually

text: became

text: neglected

question: What was the most influential device that interpretated the characters?

answer: Teletype Model 33 ASR

text: Teletype Model 33 ASR

question: What was the Teletype Model 33 ASR?

answer: a printing terminal with an available paper tape reader/punch option

text: a printing terminal with an available paper tape reader/punch option

question: When was paper tape popular?

answer: until the 1980s

text: until the 1980s

question: Why was paper tape better than magnetic tape?

answer: less costly and in some ways less fragile

text: less costly and in some ways less fragile

question: What code eventually became neglected?

answer: code 15 (Control-O, Shift In)

text: code 15 (Control-O, Shift In)


text: Area air defence, the air defence of a specific area or location, (as opposed to point defence), have historically been operated by both armies (Anti-Aircraft Command in the British Army, for instance) and Air Forces (the United States Air Force's CIM-10 Bomarc). Area defence systems have medium to long range and can be made up of various other systems and networked into an area defence system (in which case it may be made up of several short range systems combined to effectively cover an area). An example of area defence is the defence of Saudi Arabia and Israel by MIM-104 Patriot missile batteries during the first Gulf War, where the objective was to cover populated areas.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Area

text: air

text: defence

text: the

text: air

text: defence

text: of

text: a

text: specific

text: area

text: or

text: location

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: point

text: defence

text: have

text: historically

text: been

text: operated

text: by

text: both

text: armies

text: Anti

text: Aircraft

text: Command

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Army

text: for

text: instance

text: and

text: Air

text: Forces

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Air

text: Force

text: 's

text: Bomarc

text: Area

text: defence

text: systems

text: have

text: medium

text: to

text: long

text: range

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: various

text: other

text: systems

text: and

text: networked

text: into

text: an

text: area

text: defence

text: system

text: in

text: which

text: case

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: several

text: short

text: range

text: systems

text: combined

text: to

text: effectively

text: cover

text: an

text: area

text: An

text: example

text: of

text: area

text: defence

text: is

text: the

text: defence

text: of

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: and

text: Israel

text: by

text: Patriot

text: missile

text: batteries

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: Gulf

text: War

text: where

text: the

text: objective

text: was

text: to

text: cover

text: populated

text: areas

question: What is the air defence of a certain area called?

answer: Area air defence

text: Area air defence

question: Armies as well as what group have operated area air defences?

answer: Air Forces

text: Air Forces

question: What U.S. Air Forces operated area air defence?

answer: CIM-10 Bomarc

text: CIM-10 Bomarc

question: What range do area defence systems have?

answer: medium to long range

text: medium to long range

question: What was the objective of the MIM-104 Patriot Missile batteries during the first Gulf War?

answer: to cover populated areas

text: to cover populated areas


text: The Alaska Native Language Center at the University of Alaska Fairbanks claims that at least 20 Alaskan native languages exist and there are also some languages with different dialects. Most of Alaska's native languages belong to either the Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene language families however some languages are thought to be isolates (e.g. Haida) or have not yet been classified (e.g. Tsimshianic). As of 2014[update] nearly all of Alaska's native languages were classified as either threatened, shifting, moribund, nearly extinct, or dormant languages.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: The

text: Alaska

text: Native

text: Language

text: Center

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Alaska

text: Fairbanks

text: claims

text: that

text: at

text: least

text: Alaskan

text: native

text: languages

text: exist

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: some

text: languages

text: with

text: different

text: dialects

text: Most

text: of

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: native

text: languages

text: belong

text: to

text: either

text: the

text: Eskimo

text: Aleut

text: or

text: Dene

text: language

text: families

text: however

text: some

text: languages

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: isolates

text: e.g.

text: Haida

text: or

text: have

text: not

text: yet

text: been

text: classified

text: e.g.

text: Tsimshianic

text: As

text: of

text: nearly

text: all

text: of

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: native

text: languages

text: were

text: classified

text: as

text: either

text: threatened

text: shifting

text: moribund

text: nearly

text: extinct

text: or

text: dormant

text: languages

question: At least how many native Alaskan languages exist, according to the Alaska Native Language Center?

answer: at least 20

text: at least 20

question: What are the two main native Alaskan language families?

answer: Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene

text: Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene

question: How many of Alaska's native languages are in danger of becoing dormant or extinct languages according to a 2014 study?

answer: nearly all

text: nearly all

question: A study completed in what year found that nearly all of Alaska's native languages are at risk of becoming extinct?

answer: 2014


text: Melbourne has the largest Greek-speaking population outside of Europe, a population comparable to some larger Greek cities like Larissa and Volos. Thessaloniki is Melbourne's Greek sister city. The Vietnamese surname Nguyen is the second most common in Melbourne's phone book after Smith. The city also features substantial Indian, Sri Lankan, and Malaysian-born communities, in addition to recent South African and Sudanese influxes. The cultural diversity is reflected in the city's restaurants that serve international cuisines.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: Greek

text: speaking

text: population

text: outside

text: of

text: Europe

text: a

text: population

text: comparable

text: to

text: some

text: larger

text: Greek

text: cities

text: like

text: Larissa

text: and

text: Volos

text: Thessaloniki

text: is

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: Greek

text: sister

text: city

text: The

text: Vietnamese

text: surname

text: Nguyen

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: common

text: in

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: phone

text: book

text: after

text: Smith

text: The

text: city

text: also

text: features

text: substantial

text: Indian

text: Sri

text: Lankan

text: and

text: Malaysian

text: born

text: communities

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: recent

text: South

text: African

text: and

text: Sudanese

text: influxes

text: The

text: cultural

text: diversity

text: is

text: reflected

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: restaurants

text: that

text: serve

text: international

text: cuisines

question: Which city has the largest Greek-speaking population outside of Europe?

answer: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

question: What is the most common surname in Melbourne's phone book?

answer: Smith

text: Smith

question: Which city in Greece is Melbourne's sister city?

answer: Thessaloniki

text: Thessaloniki

question: What is the secondmost common surname in Melbourne's phone book?

answer: Nguyen

text: Nguyen


text: Atkins, a former member of Cybotron, released Model 500 "No UFOs" in 1985, which became a regional hit, followed by dozens of tracks on Transmat, Metroplex and Fragile. One of the most unusual was "Strings of Life" by Derrick May, a darker, more intellectual strain of house. "Techno-Scratch" was released by the Knights Of The Turntable in 1984 which had a similar techno sound to Cybotron. The manager of the Factory nightclub and co-owner of the Haçienda, Tony Wilson, also promoted acid house culture on his weekly TV show. The Midlands also embraced the late 1980s house scene with illegal parties and more legal dance clubs such as The Hummingbird.

title: House_music

title: House_music

text: Atkins

text: a

text: former

text: member

text: of

text: Cybotron

text: released

text: Model

text: No

text: UFOs

text: in

text: which

text: became

text: a

text: regional

text: hit

text: followed

text: by

text: dozens

text: of

text: tracks

text: on

text: Transmat

text: Metroplex

text: and

text: Fragile

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: unusual

text: was

text: Strings

text: of

text: Life

text: by

text: Derrick

text: May

text: a

text: darker

text: more

text: intellectual

text: strain

text: of

text: house

text: Techno

text: Scratch

text: was

text: released

text: by

text: the

text: Knights

text: Of

text: The

text: Turntable

text: in

text: which

text: had

text: a

text: similar

text: techno

text: sound

text: to

text: Cybotron

text: The

text: manager

text: of

text: the

text: Factory

text: nightclub

text: and

text: co

text: owner

text: of

text: the

text: Haçienda

text: Tony

text: Wilson

text: also

text: promoted

text: acid

text: house

text: culture

text: on

text: his

text: weekly

text: TV

text: show

text: The

text: Midlands

text: also

text: embraced

text: the

text: late

text: house

text: scene

text: with

text: illegal

text: parties

text: and

text: more

text: legal

text: dance

text: clubs

text: such

text: as

text: The

text: Hummingbird

question: atkins was a former member of what music group?

answer: Cybotron

text: Cybotron

question: what hit single did atkins release in 1985?

answer: "No UFOs"

text: "No UFOs"

question: what unusual single did derrick may release, featuring a darker strain of house?

answer: "Strings of Life"

text: "Strings of Life"

question: what did knights of the turntable release in 1984?

answer: Techno-Scratch

text: Techno-Scratch

question: who was the manager of the factory nightclub and co-owner of the hacienda?

answer: Tony Wilson

text: Tony Wilson


text: There is no clear consensus on the nature or even the existence of God. The Abrahamic conceptions of God include the monotheistic definition of God in Judaism, the trinitarian view of Christians, and the Islamic concept of God. The dharmic religions differ in their view of the divine: views of God in Hinduism vary by region, sect, and caste, ranging from monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic. Divinity was recognized by the historical Buddha, particularly Śakra and Brahma. However, other sentient beings, including gods, can at best only play a supportive role in one's personal path to salvation. Conceptions of God in the latter developments of the Mahayana tradition give a more prominent place to notions of the divine.[citation needed]

title: God

title: God

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: clear

text: consensus

text: on

text: the

text: nature

text: or

text: even

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: God

text: The

text: Abrahamic

text: conceptions

text: of

text: God

text: include

text: the

text: monotheistic

text: definition

text: of

text: God

text: in

text: Judaism

text: the

text: trinitarian

text: view

text: of

text: Christians

text: and

text: the

text: Islamic

text: concept

text: of

text: God

text: The

text: dharmic

text: religions

text: differ

text: in

text: their

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: divine

text: views

text: of

text: God

text: in

text: Hinduism

text: vary

text: by

text: region

text: sect

text: and

text: caste

text: ranging

text: from

text: monotheistic

text: to

text: polytheistic

text: to

text: atheistic

text: Divinity

text: was

text: recognized

text: by

text: the

text: historical

text: Buddha

text: particularly

text: Śakra

text: and

text: Brahma

text: However

text: other

text: sentient

text: beings

text: including

text: gods

text: can

text: at

text: best

text: only

text: play

text: a

text: supportive

text: role

text: in

text: one

text: 's

text: personal

text: path

text: to

text: salvation

text: Conceptions

text: of

text: God

text: in

text: the

text: latter

text: developments

text: of

text: the

text: Mahayana

text: tradition

text: give

text: a

text: more

text: prominent

text: place

text: to

text: notions

text: of

text: the

text: divine.[citation

text: needed

question: What type of view do Christians take on God?

answer: trinitarian

text: trinitarian

question: How much can belief in God vary in Hinduism?

answer: region, sect, and caste

text: region, sect, and caste

question: Does hinduism only believe in a single god?

answer: ranging from monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic

text: ranging from monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic

question: What view does the Jewish community take on God?

answer: monotheistic

text: monotheistic

question: What kind of religion is Hinduism considered?

answer: dharmic

text: dharmic

question: What type of religion is Judaism?

answer: monotheistic

text: monotheistic

question: What type of religion is Christianity?

answer: trinitarian

text: trinitarian

question: How many gods do the Hindu's have?

answer: monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic.

text: monotheistic to polytheistic to atheistic.


text: Liber Aboali Abincine de Anima in arte Alchemiae was the most influential, having influenced later medieval chemists and alchemists such as Vincent of Beauvais. However Anawati argues (following Ruska) that the de Anima is a fake by a Spanish author. Similarly the Declaratio is believed not to be actually by Avicenna. The third work (The Book of Minerals) is agreed to be Avicenna's writing, adapted from the Kitab al-Shifa (Book of the Remedy). Ibn Sina classified minerals into stones, fusible substances, sulfurs, and salts, building on the ideas of Aristotle and Jabir. The epistola de Re recta is somewhat less sceptical of alchemy; Anawati argues that it is by Avicenna, but written earlier in his career when he had not yet firmly decided that transmutation was impossible.

title: Avicenna

title: Avicenna

text: Liber

text: Aboali

text: Abincine

text: de

text: Anima

text: in

text: arte

text: Alchemiae

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: influential

text: having

text: influenced

text: later

text: medieval

text: chemists

text: and

text: alchemists

text: such

text: as

text: Vincent

text: of

text: Beauvais

text: However

text: Anawati

text: argues

text: following

text: Ruska

text: that

text: the

text: de

text: Anima

text: is

text: a

text: fake

text: by

text: a

text: Spanish

text: author

text: Similarly

text: the

text: Declaratio

text: is

text: believed

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: actually

text: by

text: Avicenna

text: The

text: third

text: work

text: The

text: Book

text: of

text: Minerals

text: is

text: agreed

text: to

text: be

text: Avicenna

text: 's

text: writing

text: adapted

text: from

text: the

text: Kitab

text: al

text: Shifa

text: Book

text: of

text: the

text: Remedy

text: Ibn

text: Sina

text: classified

text: minerals

text: into

text: stones

text: fusible

text: substances

text: sulfurs

text: and

text: salts

text: building

text: on

text: the

text: ideas

text: of

text: Aristotle

text: and

text: Jabir

text: The

text: epistola

text: de

text: Re

text: recta

text: is

text: somewhat

text: less

text: sceptical

text: of

text: alchemy

text: Anawati

text: argues

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: by

text: Avicenna

text: but

text: written

text: earlier

text: in

text: his

text: career

text: when

text: he

text: had

text: not

text: yet

text: firmly

text: decided

text: that

text: transmutation

text: was

text: impossible

question: What work by Avicenna is thought to be a fake?

answer: Liber Aboali Abincine de Anima in arte Alchemiae

text: Liber Aboali Abincine de Anima in arte Alchemiae

question: What is another work of Avicenna that is said to not be his creation?

answer: the Declaratio

text: the Declaratio

question: What is definitely seen as being written by Avicenna?

answer: The Book of Minerals

text: The Book of Minerals

question: What is the kitab al-Shifa?

answer: Book of the Remedy

text: Book of the Remedy

question: What did Ibn Sina classify into stones?

answer: minerals

text: minerals


text: The Sustainable Development Goals are ambitious, and they will require enormous efforts across countries, continents, industries and disciplines - but they are achievable. UNFPA is working with governments, partners and other UN agencies to directly tackle many of these goals - in particular Goal 3 on health, Goal 4 on education and Goal 5 on gender equality - and contributes in a variety of ways to achieving many of the rest.

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

text: The

text: Sustainable

text: Development

text: Goals

text: are

text: ambitious

text: and

text: they

text: will

text: require

text: enormous

text: efforts

text: across

text: countries

text: continents

text: industries

text: and

text: disciplines

text: but

text: they

text: are

text: achievable

text: UNFPA

text: is

text: working

text: with

text: governments

text: partners

text: and

text: other

text: UN

text: agencies

text: to

text: directly

text: tackle

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: goals

text: in

text: particular

text: Goal

text: on

text: health

text: Goal

text: on

text: education

text: and

text: Goal

text: on

text: gender

text: equality

text: and

text: contributes

text: in

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: ways

text: to

text: achieving

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: rest

question: Are the Sustainable Development Goals considered ambitious or modest in scope?

answer: ambitious

text: ambitious

question: The third of the goals concerns what?

answer: health

text: health

question: What does the fourth goal focus on improving?

answer: education

text: education

question: What is the topic of the fifth goal?

answer: gender equality

text: gender equality


text: Meanwhile, with the advent and popularity of Internet-based distribution of files in lossily-compressed audio formats such as MP3, sales of CDs began to decline in the 2000s. For example, between 2000 - 2008, despite overall growth in music sales and one anomalous year of increase, major-label CD sales declined overall by 20%, although independent and DIY music sales may be tracking better according to figures released 30 March 2009, and CDs still continue to sell greatly. As of 2012, CDs and DVDs made up only 34 percent of music sales in the United States. In Japan, however, over 80 percent of music was bought on CDs and other physical formats as of 2015.

title: Compact_disc

title: Compact_disc

text: Meanwhile

text: with

text: the

text: advent

text: and

text: popularity

text: of

text: Internet

text: based

text: distribution

text: of

text: files

text: in

text: lossily

text: compressed

text: audio

text: formats

text: such

text: as

text: sales

text: of

text: CDs

text: began

text: to

text: decline

text: in

text: the

text: For

text: example

text: between

text: despite

text: overall

text: growth

text: in

text: music

text: sales

text: and

text: one

text: anomalous

text: year

text: of

text: increase

text: major

text: label

text: CD

text: sales

text: declined

text: overall

text: by

text: although

text: independent

text: and

text: DIY

text: music

text: sales

text: may

text: be

text: tracking

text: better

text: according

text: to

text: figures

text: released

text: March

text: and

text: CDs

text: still

text: continue

text: to

text: sell

text: greatly

text: As

text: of

text: CDs

text: and

text: DVDs

text: made

text: up

text: only

text: percent

text: of

text: music

text: sales

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: In

text: Japan

text: however

text: over

text: percent

text: of

text: music

text: was

text: bought

text: on

text: CDs

text: and

text: other

text: physical

text: formats

text: as

text: of

question: When did CD sales experience their original decline?

answer: the 2000s

text: the 2000s

question: What portion of music sales did CDs and DVDs account for in the United States as of 2012?

answer: 34 percent

text: 34 percent

question: Which country attributes over 80 percent of its music sales to physical formats?

answer: Japan

text: Japan

question: How are MP3s compressed?

answer: lossily-compressed

text: lossily-compressed

question: When did CD sales experience their original decline?

answer: 2000s

question: What has caused a decrease in CD sales?

answer: Internet-based distribution of files

text: Internet-based distribution of files


text: As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

text: As

text: of

text: November

text: there

text: is

text: only

text: one

text: person

text: on

text: death

text: row

text: facing

text: capital

text: punishment

text: who

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: convicted

text: of

text: murder

text: Demarcus

text: Sears

text: remains

text: under

text: a

text: death

text: sentence

text: in

text: Georgia

text: for

text: the

text: crime

text: of

text: kidnapping

text: with

text: bodily

text: injury

text: Sears

text: was

text: convicted

text: in

text: for

text: the

text: kidnapping

text: and

text: bodily

text: injury

text: of

text: victim

text: Gloria

text: Ann

text: Wilbur

text: Wilbur

text: was

text: kidnapped

text: and

text: beaten

text: in

text: Georgia

text: raped

text: in

text: Tennessee

text: and

text: murdered

text: in

text: Kentucky

text: Sears

text: was

text: never

text: charged

text: with

text: the

text: murder

text: of

text: Wilbur

text: in

text: Kentucky

text: but

text: was

text: sentenced

text: to

text: death

text: by

text: a

text: jury

text: in

text: Georgia

text: for

text: kidnapping

text: with

text: bodily

text: injury

question: In November 2008, who was on death penalty without a murder conviction?

answer: Demarcus Sears

text: Demarcus Sears

question: Who did Demarcus Sears kidnap?

answer: Gloria Ann Wilbur

text: Gloria Ann Wilbur

question: In what state was Gloria Ann Wilbur murdered?

answer: Kentucky

text: Kentucky

question: In what year was Demarcus Sears convicted of kidnapping?

answer: 1986

question: A jury in what state sentenced Demarcus Sears to death?

answer: Georgia

text: Georgia


text: In the first decades of the 19th century, Federal architecture and Greek Revival architecture were dominated by Philadelphia architects such as Benjamin Latrobe, William Strickland, John Haviland, John Notman, Thomas U. Walter, and Samuel Sloan. Frank Furness is considered Philadelphia's greatest architect of the second half of the 19th century, but his contemporaries included John McArthur, Jr., Addison Hutton, Wilson Eyre, the Wilson Brothers, and Horace Trumbauer. In 1871, construction began on the Second Empire-style Philadelphia City Hall. The Philadelphia Historical Commission was created in 1955 to preserve the cultural and architectural history of the city. The commission maintains the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places, adding historic buildings, structures, sites, objects and districts as it sees fit.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: decades

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Federal

text: architecture

text: and

text: Greek

text: Revival

text: architecture

text: were

text: dominated

text: by

text: Philadelphia

text: architects

text: such

text: as

text: Benjamin

text: Latrobe

text: William

text: Strickland

text: John

text: Haviland

text: John

text: Notman

text: Thomas

text: U.

text: Walter

text: and

text: Samuel

text: Sloan

text: Frank

text: Furness

text: is

text: considered

text: Philadelphia

text: 's

text: greatest

text: architect

text: of

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: but

text: his

text: contemporaries

text: included

text: John

text: McArthur

text: Jr.

text: Addison

text: Hutton

text: Wilson

text: Eyre

text: the

text: Wilson

text: Brothers

text: and

text: Horace

text: Trumbauer

text: In

text: construction

text: began

text: on

text: the

text: Second

text: Empire

text: style

text: Philadelphia

text: City

text: Hall

text: The

text: Philadelphia

text: Historical

text: Commission

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: to

text: preserve

text: the

text: cultural

text: and

text: architectural

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: commission

text: maintains

text: the

text: Philadelphia

text: Register

text: of

text: Historic

text: Places

text: adding

text: historic

text: buildings

text: structures

text: sites

text: objects

text: and

text: districts

text: as

text: it

text: sees

text: fit

question: Name 6 important Philadelphia architects?

answer: Benjamin Latrobe, William Strickland, John Haviland, John Notman, Thomas U. Walter, and Samuel Sloan

text: Benjamin Latrobe, William Strickland, John Haviland, John Notman, Thomas U. Walter, and Samuel Sloan

question: Who is Philadelphia's greatest architect of the later 19th century?

answer: Frank Furness

text: Frank Furness

question: When did building begin on the Philadelphia CIty Hall?

answer: 1871

question: What commission was created in 1955?

answer: Philadelphia Historical Commission

text: Philadelphia Historical Commission

question: What does this commission control?

answer: Philadelphia Register of Historic Places

text: Philadelphia Register of Historic Places


text: One way to decrease stigma may be through the promotion of "TB clubs", where those infected may share experiences and offer support, or through counseling. Some studies have shown TB education programs to be effective in decreasing stigma, and may thus be effective in increasing treatment adherence. Despite this, studies on relationship between reduced stigma and mortality are lacking as of 2010, and similar efforts to decrease stigma surrounding AIDS have been minimally effective. Some have claimed the stigma to be worse than the disease, and healthcare providers may unintentionally reinforce stigma, as those with TB are often perceived as difficult or otherwise undesirable. A greater understanding of the social and cultural dimensions of tuberculosis may also help with stigma reduction.

title: Tuberculosis

title: Tuberculosis

text: One

text: way

text: to

text: decrease

text: stigma

text: may

text: be

text: through

text: the

text: promotion

text: of

text: TB

text: clubs

text: where

text: those

text: infected

text: may

text: share

text: experiences

text: and

text: offer

text: support

text: or

text: through

text: counseling

text: Some

text: studies

text: have

text: shown

text: TB

text: education

text: programs

text: to

text: be

text: effective

text: in

text: decreasing

text: stigma

text: and

text: may

text: thus

text: be

text: effective

text: in

text: increasing

text: treatment

text: adherence

text: Despite

text: this

text: studies

text: on

text: relationship

text: between

text: reduced

text: stigma

text: and

text: mortality

text: are

text: lacking

text: as

text: of

text: and

text: similar

text: efforts

text: to

text: decrease

text: stigma

text: surrounding

text: AIDS

text: have

text: been

text: minimally

text: effective

text: Some

text: have

text: claimed

text: the

text: stigma

text: to

text: be

text: worse

text: than

text: the

text: disease

text: and

text: healthcare

text: providers

text: may

text: unintentionally

text: reinforce

text: stigma

text: as

text: those

text: with

text: TB

text: are

text: often

text: perceived

text: as

text: difficult

text: or

text: otherwise

text: undesirable

text: A

text: greater

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: dimensions

text: of

text: tuberculosis

text: may

text: also

text: help

text: with

text: stigma

text: reduction

question: What groups might help tuberculosis patients share with and support each other?

answer: TB clubs

text: TB clubs

question: Education about TB seems to decrease the stigma of the disease and lead to what other positive effect?

answer: increasing treatment adherence

text: increasing treatment adherence

question: What do some people say is even worse than the effects of tuberculosis itself?

answer: the stigma

text: the stigma

question: What group of people can add to the TB stigma by treating patients as troublesome or unwanted?

answer: healthcare providers

text: healthcare providers

question: As recently as what year were there no studies on how TB mortality is connected to stigma?

answer: 2010


text: The metaphysics in Mīmāṃsā school consists of both atheistic and theistic doctrines and the school showed little interest in systematic examination of the existence of God. Rather, it held that the soul is eternal omnipresent, inherently active spiritual essence, then focussed on the epistemology and metaphysics of dharma. To them, dharma meant rituals and duties, not devas (gods), because devas existed only in name. The Mīmāṃsākas held that the Vedas are "eternal authorless infallible", that Vedic vidhi (injunctions) and mantras in rituals are prescriptive karya (actions), and the rituals are of primary importance and merit. They considered the Upanishads and other self-knowledge, spirituality-related texts to be of secondary importance, a philosophical view that the Vedanta school disagreed with.

title: Hindu_philosophy

title: Hindu_philosophy

text: The

text: metaphysics

text: in

text: Mīmāṃsā

text: school

text: consists

text: of

text: both

text: atheistic

text: and

text: theistic

text: doctrines

text: and

text: the

text: school

text: showed

text: little

text: interest

text: in

text: systematic

text: examination

text: of

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: God

text: Rather

text: it

text: held

text: that

text: the

text: soul

text: is

text: eternal

text: omnipresent

text: inherently

text: active

text: spiritual

text: essence

text: then

text: focussed

text: on

text: the

text: epistemology

text: and

text: metaphysics

text: of

text: dharma

text: To

text: them

text: dharma

text: meant

text: rituals

text: and

text: duties

text: not

text: devas

text: gods

text: because

text: devas

text: existed

text: only

text: in

text: name

text: The

text: Mīmāṃsākas

text: held

text: that

text: the

text: Vedas

text: are

text: eternal

text: authorless

text: infallible

text: that

text: Vedic

text: vidhi

text: injunctions

text: and

text: mantras

text: in

text: rituals

text: are

text: prescriptive

text: karya

text: actions

text: and

text: the

text: rituals

text: are

text: of

text: primary

text: importance

text: and

text: merit

text: They

text: considered

text: the

text: Upanishads

text: and

text: other

text: self

text: knowledge

text: spirituality

text: related

text: texts

text: to

text: be

text: of

text: secondary

text: importance

text: a

text: philosophical

text: view

text: that

text: the

text: Vedanta

text: school

text: disagreed

text: with

question: What type of doctrines are contained in the Mimamsa  school?

answer: atheistic and theistic

text: atheistic and theistic

question: How did the Mimamsa school view the soul?

answer: eternal

text: eternal

question: What was the focus of the Mimamsa school of philosophy?

answer: dharma

text: dharma

question: How did the Mimamsa school consider dharma?

answer: rituals and duties

text: rituals and duties

question: What school disagreed with the principles of the Mimamsa school?

answer: Vedanta school

text: Vedanta school