text: Ashkenazi Jews have a noted history of achievement in Western societies in the fields of exact and social sciences, literature, finance, politics, media, and others. In those societies where they have been free to enter any profession, they have a record of high occupational achievement, entering professions and fields of commerce where higher education is required. Ashkenazi Jews have won a large number of the Nobel awards. While they make up about 2% of the U.S. population, 27% of United States Nobel prize winners in the 20th century, a quarter of Fields Medal winners, 25% of ACM Turing Award winners, half the world's chess champions, including 8% of the top 100 world chess players, and a quarter of Westinghouse Science Talent Search winners have Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: have

text: a

text: noted

text: history

text: of

text: achievement

text: in

text: Western

text: societies

text: in

text: the

text: fields

text: of

text: exact

text: and

text: social

text: sciences

text: literature

text: finance

text: politics

text: media

text: and

text: others

text: In

text: those

text: societies

text: where

text: they

text: have

text: been

text: free

text: to

text: enter

text: any

text: profession

text: they

text: have

text: a

text: record

text: of

text: high

text: occupational

text: achievement

text: entering

text: professions

text: and

text: fields

text: of

text: commerce

text: where

text: higher

text: education

text: is

text: required

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: have

text: won

text: a

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: the

text: Nobel

text: awards

text: While

text: they

text: make

text: up

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: population

text: of

text: United

text: States

text: Nobel

text: prize

text: winners

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: Fields

text: Medal

text: winners

text: of

text: ACM

text: Turing

text: Award

text: winners

text: half

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: chess

text: champions

text: including

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: world

text: chess

text: players

text: and

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: Westinghouse

text: Science

text: Talent

text: Search

text: winners

text: have

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jewish

text: ancestry

question: What percentage of the US population is comprised of Ashkenazi Jews?

answer: 2%

question: What percentage of the top 100 world chess players come from the Ashkenazi Jewish community?

answer: 8%

question: What percentage of Nobel award winners from the United States in the 20th century have been Ashkenazi Jews?

answer: 27%

question: About how many Fields Medal winners have been Ashkenazi Jews?

answer: a quarter

text: a quarter

question: About how many of the world's chess champions come from the Ashkenazi Jewish community?

answer: half the world's chess champions

text: half the world's chess champions


text: In 1932, Hayek suggested that private investment in the public markets was a better road to wealth and economic co-ordination in Britain than government spending programs, as argued in a letter he co-signed with Lionel Robbins and others in an exchange of letters with John Maynard Keynes in The Times. The nearly decade long deflationary depression in Britain dating from Churchill's decision in 1925 to return Britain to the gold standard at the old pre-war, pre-inflationary par was the public policy backdrop for Hayek's single public engagement with Keynes over British monetary and fiscal policy, otherwise Hayek and Keynes agreed on many theoretical matters, and their economic disagreements were fundamentally theoretical, having to do almost exclusively with the relation of the economics of extending the length of production to the economics of labour inputs.

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: In

text: Hayek

text: suggested

text: that

text: private

text: investment

text: in

text: the

text: public

text: markets

text: was

text: a

text: better

text: road

text: to

text: wealth

text: and

text: economic

text: co

text: ordination

text: in

text: Britain

text: than

text: government

text: spending

text: programs

text: as

text: argued

text: in

text: a

text: letter

text: he

text: co

text: signed

text: with

text: Lionel

text: Robbins

text: and

text: others

text: in

text: an

text: exchange

text: of

text: letters

text: with

text: John

text: Maynard

text: Keynes

text: in

text: The

text: Times

text: The

text: nearly

text: decade

text: long

text: deflationary

text: depression

text: in

text: Britain

text: dating

text: from

text: Churchill

text: 's

text: decision

text: in

text: to

text: return

text: Britain

text: to

text: the

text: gold

text: standard

text: at

text: the

text: old

text: pre

text: war

text: pre

text: inflationary

text: par

text: was

text: the

text: public

text: policy

text: backdrop

text: for

text: Hayek

text: 's

text: single

text: public

text: engagement

text: with

text: Keynes

text: over

text: British

text: monetary

text: and

text: fiscal

text: policy

text: otherwise

text: Hayek

text: and

text: Keynes

text: agreed

text: on

text: many

text: theoretical

text: matters

text: and

text: their

text: economic

text: disagreements

text: were

text: fundamentally

text: theoretical

text: having

text: to

text: do

text: almost

text: exclusively

text: with

text: the

text: relation

text: of

text: the

text: economics

text: of

text: extending

text: the

text: length

text: of

text: production

text: to

text: the

text: economics

text: of

text: labour

text: inputs

question: What did Hayek claim to be better than investing in government spending programs?

answer: private investment in the public markets

text: private investment in the public markets

question: What other notable figure signed the letter in which Hayek made his statement regarding private investment?

answer: Lionel Robbins

text: Lionel Robbins

question: Who was responsible for England's return to the use of gold as standard currency?

answer: Churchill

text: Churchill

question: With whom did Hayek disagree with publicly?

answer: John Maynard Keynes

text: John Maynard Keynes


text: Contract law covers obligations established by agreement (express or implied) between private parties. Generally, contract law in transactions involving the sale of goods has become highly standardized nationwide as a result of the widespread adoption of the Uniform Commercial Code. However, there is still significant diversity in the interpretation of other kinds of contracts, depending upon the extent to which a given state has codified its common law of contracts or adopted portions of the Restatement (Second) of Contracts.

title: Law_of_the_United_States

title: Law_of_the_United_States

text: Contract

text: law

text: covers

text: obligations

text: established

text: by

text: agreement

text: express

text: or

text: implied

text: between

text: private

text: parties

text: Generally

text: contract

text: law

text: in

text: transactions

text: involving

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: goods

text: has

text: become

text: highly

text: standardized

text: nationwide

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: widespread

text: adoption

text: of

text: the

text: Uniform

text: Commercial

text: Code

text: However

text: there

text: is

text: still

text: significant

text: diversity

text: in

text: the

text: interpretation

text: of

text: other

text: kinds

text: of

text: contracts

text: depending

text: upon

text: the

text: extent

text: to

text: which

text: a

text: given

text: state

text: has

text: codified

text: its

text: common

text: law

text: of

text: contracts

text: or

text: adopted

text: portions

text: of

text: the

text: Restatement

text: Second

text: of

text: Contracts

question: What is contract law?

answer: obligations established by agreement (express or implied) between private parties

text: obligations established by agreement (express or implied) between private parties

question: What standardized contract law?

answer: Uniform Commercial Code

text: Uniform Commercial Code

question: What kinds of agreements do contract law cover?

answer: express or implied

text: express or implied


text: Carthage was a Phoenician colony on the coast of Tunisia. Carthaginian culture came into contact with the Greeks through Punic colonies in Sicily and through their widespread Mediterranean trade network. While the Carthaginians retained their Punic culture and language, they did adopt some Hellenistic ways, one of the most prominent of which was their military practices. In 550 BCE, Mago I of Carthage began a series of military reforms which included copying the army of Timoleon, Tyrant of Syracuse. The core of Carthage's military was the Greek-style phalanx formed by citizen hoplite spearmen who had been conscripted into service, though their armies also included large numbers of mercenaries. After their defeat in the first Punic war, Carthage hired a Spartan mercenary captain, Xanthippus of Carthage to reform their military forces. Xanthippus reformed the Carthaginian military along Macedonian army lines.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Carthage

text: was

text: a

text: Phoenician

text: colony

text: on

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Tunisia

text: Carthaginian

text: culture

text: came

text: into

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: Greeks

text: through

text: Punic

text: colonies

text: in

text: Sicily

text: and

text: through

text: their

text: widespread

text: Mediterranean

text: trade

text: network

text: While

text: the

text: Carthaginians

text: retained

text: their

text: Punic

text: culture

text: and

text: language

text: they

text: did

text: adopt

text: some

text: Hellenistic

text: ways

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: their

text: military

text: practices

text: In

text: BCE

text: Mago

text: I

text: of

text: Carthage

text: began

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: military

text: reforms

text: which

text: included

text: copying

text: the

text: army

text: of

text: Timoleon

text: Tyrant

text: of

text: Syracuse

text: The

text: core

text: of

text: Carthage

text: 's

text: military

text: was

text: the

text: Greek

text: style

text: phalanx

text: formed

text: by

text: citizen

text: hoplite

text: spearmen

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: conscripted

text: into

text: service

text: though

text: their

text: armies

text: also

text: included

text: large

text: numbers

text: of

text: mercenaries

text: After

text: their

text: defeat

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: Punic

text: war

text: Carthage

text: hired

text: a

text: Spartan

text: mercenary

text: captain

text: Xanthippus

text: of

text: Carthage

text: to

text: reform

text: their

text: military

text: forces

text: Xanthippus

text: reformed

text: the

text: Carthaginian

text: military

text: along

text: Macedonian

text: army

text: lines

question: Carthage was on the coast of what country?

answer: Tunisia

text: Tunisia

question: What Hellenistic practices heavily influenced Carthaginian culture?

answer: military

text: military

question: Who reformed the military in Carthage in 550 BCE?

answer: Mago I of Carthage

text: Mago I of Carthage

question: What Greek style was the core of Carthage's military?

answer: phalanx

text: phalanx

question: What Spartan mercenary helped reform Carthage's military?

answer: Xanthippus of Carthage

text: Xanthippus of Carthage


text: The Romantic Movement of the early 19th century reshaped science by opening up new pursuits unexpected in the classical approaches of the Enlightenment. Major breakthroughs came in biology, especially in Darwin's theory of evolution, as well as physics (electromagnetism), mathematics (non-Euclidean geometry, group theory) and chemistry (organic chemistry). The decline of Romanticism occurred because a new movement, Positivism, began to take hold of the ideals of the intellectuals after 1840 and lasted until about 1880.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: The

text: Romantic

text: Movement

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: reshaped

text: science

text: by

text: opening

text: up

text: new

text: pursuits

text: unexpected

text: in

text: the

text: classical

text: approaches

text: of

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: Major

text: breakthroughs

text: came

text: in

text: biology

text: especially

text: in

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: theory

text: of

text: evolution

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: physics

text: electromagnetism

text: mathematics

text: non

text: Euclidean

text: geometry

text: group

text: theory

text: and

text: chemistry

text: organic

text: chemistry

text: The

text: decline

text: of

text: Romanticism

text: occurred

text: because

text: a

text: new

text: movement

text: Positivism

text: began

text: to

text: take

text: hold

text: of

text: the

text: ideals

text: of

text: the

text: intellectuals

text: after

text: and

text: lasted

text: until

text: about

question: Which movement took place during the 19th century?

answer: The Romantic Movement

text: The Romantic Movement

question: What theory did Darwin introduce?

answer: theory of evolution

text: theory of evolution

question: Which physics subject was affected by The Romantic Movement?

answer: electromagnetism

text: electromagnetism

question: What caused Romanticism to end?

answer: Positivism

text: Positivism

question: What year did Positivism end?

answer: 1880


text: By knowing the underlying concepts of how the software works, the tester makes better-informed testing choices while testing the software from outside. Typically, a grey-box tester will be permitted to set up an isolated testing environment with activities such as seeding a database. The tester can observe the state of the product being tested after performing certain actions such as executing SQL statements against the database and then executing queries to ensure that the expected changes have been reflected. Grey-box testing implements intelligent test scenarios, based on limited information. This will particularly apply to data type handling, exception handling, and so on.

title: Software_testing

title: Software_testing

text: By

text: knowing

text: the

text: underlying

text: concepts

text: of

text: how

text: the

text: software

text: works

text: the

text: tester

text: makes

text: better

text: informed

text: testing

text: choices

text: while

text: testing

text: the

text: software

text: from

text: outside

text: Typically

text: a

text: grey

text: box

text: tester

text: will

text: be

text: permitted

text: to

text: set

text: up

text: an

text: isolated

text: testing

text: environment

text: with

text: activities

text: such

text: as

text: seeding

text: a

text: database

text: The

text: tester

text: can

text: observe

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: product

text: being

text: tested

text: after

text: performing

text: certain

text: actions

text: such

text: as

text: executing

text: SQL

text: statements

text: against

text: the

text: database

text: and

text: then

text: executing

text: queries

text: to

text: ensure

text: that

text: the

text: expected

text: changes

text: have

text: been

text: reflected

text: Grey

text: box

text: testing

text: implements

text: intelligent

text: test

text: scenarios

text: based

text: on

text: limited

text: information

text: This

text: will

text: particularly

text: apply

text: to

text: data

text: type

text: handling

text: exception

text: handling

text: and

text: so

text: on

question: What does a grey-box tester implement when they have limited information?

answer: intelligent test scenarios

text: intelligent test scenarios

question: What dopes a typical grey-box tester sets up?

answer: an isolated testing environment

text: an isolated testing environment

question: What does the tester execute while performing certain actions?

answer: SQL statements

text: SQL statements


text: The power of these ministers depended entirely on the personal favour of the monarch. Although managing the parliament was among the necessary skills of holding high office, they did not depend on a parliamentary majority for their power. Although there was a cabinet, it was appointed entirely by the monarch, and the monarch usually presided over its meetings.

title: Prime_minister

title: Prime_minister

text: The

text: power

text: of

text: these

text: ministers

text: depended

text: entirely

text: on

text: the

text: personal

text: favour

text: of

text: the

text: monarch

text: Although

text: managing

text: the

text: parliament

text: was

text: among

text: the

text: necessary

text: skills

text: of

text: holding

text: high

text: office

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: depend

text: on

text: a

text: parliamentary

text: majority

text: for

text: their

text: power

text: Although

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: cabinet

text: it

text: was

text: appointed

text: entirely

text: by

text: the

text: monarch

text: and

text: the

text: monarch

text: usually

text: presided

text: over

text: its

text: meetings

question: From whom did ministers derive their power?

answer: the monarch

text: the monarch

question: Who was responsible for naming people to serve in the cabinet?

answer: the monarch

text: the monarch


text: Far from being a mere "stopgap" pope, to great excitement, John XXIII called for an ecumenical council fewer than ninety years after the First Vatican Council (Vatican I's predecessor, the Council of Trent, had been held in the 16th century). This decision was announced on 29 January 1959 at the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini, who later became Pope Paul VI, remarked to Giulio Bevilacqua that "this holy old boy doesn't realise what a hornet's nest he's stirring up". From the Second Vatican Council came changes that reshaped the face of Catholicism: a comprehensively revised liturgy, a stronger emphasis on ecumenism, and a new approach to the world.

title: Pope_John_XXIII

title: Pope_John_XXIII

text: Far

text: from

text: being

text: a

text: mere

text: stopgap

text: pope

text: to

text: great

text: excitement

text: John

text: XXIII

text: called

text: for

text: an

text: ecumenical

text: council

text: fewer

text: than

text: ninety

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: First

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: Vatican

text: I

text: 's

text: predecessor

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Trent

text: had

text: been

text: held

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: This

text: decision

text: was

text: announced

text: on

text: January

text: at

text: the

text: Basilica

text: of

text: Saint

text: Paul

text: Outside

text: the

text: Walls

text: Cardinal

text: Giovanni

text: Battista

text: Montini

text: who

text: later

text: became

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: remarked

text: to

text: Giulio

text: Bevilacqua

text: that

text: this

text: holy

text: old

text: boy

text: does

text: n't

text: realise

text: what

text: a

text: hornet

text: 's

text: nest

text: he

text: 's

text: stirring

text: up

text: From

text: the

text: Second

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: came

text: changes

text: that

text: reshaped

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: Catholicism

text: a

text: comprehensively

text: revised

text: liturgy

text: a

text: stronger

text: emphasis

text: on

text: ecumenism

text: and

text: a

text: new

text: approach

text: to

text: the

text: world

question: What did John XXIII call for?

answer: an ecumenical council

text: an ecumenical council

question: When was the decision made for this council?

answer: 29 January 1959

text: 29 January 1959

question: Where was the decision made for this council?

answer: the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls

text: the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls

question: Who did Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini later become?

answer: Pope Paul VI

text: Pope Paul VI


text: The United States launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn's: Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 duplicated Glenn's three orbits; Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962, six orbits; and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963, 22 orbits (32.4 hours), the maximum capability of the spacecraft. NASA at first intended to launch one more mission, extending the spacecraft's endurance to three days, but since this would not beat the Soviet record, it was decided instead to concentrate on developing Project Gemini.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: launched

text: three

text: more

text: Mercury

text: flights

text: after

text: Glenn

text: 's

text: Aurora

text: on

text: May

text: duplicated

text: Glenn

text: 's

text: three

text: orbits

text: Sigma

text: on

text: October

text: six

text: orbits

text: and

text: Faith

text: on

text: May

text: orbits

text: hours

text: the

text: maximum

text: capability

text: of

text: the

text: spacecraft

text: NASA

text: at

text: first

text: intended

text: to

text: launch

text: one

text: more

text: mission

text: extending

text: the

text: spacecraft

text: 's

text: endurance

text: to

text: three

text: days

text: but

text: since

text: this

text: would

text: not

text: beat

text: the

text: Soviet

text: record

text: it

text: was

text: decided

text: instead

text: to

text: concentrate

text: on

text: developing

text: Project

text: Gemini

question: How many more Mercury missions were there after John Glenn's?

answer: 3


text: The permanent snow cover necessary for glacier formation is affected by factors such as the degree of slope on the land, amount of snowfall and the winds. Glaciers can be found in all latitudes except from 20° to 27° north and south of the equator where the presence of the descending limb of the Hadley circulation lowers precipitation so much that with high insolation snow lines reach above 6,500 m (21,330 ft). Between 19˚N and 19˚S, however, precipitation is higher and the mountains above 5,000 m (16,400 ft) usually have permanent snow.

title: Glacier

title: Glacier

text: The

text: permanent

text: snow

text: cover

text: necessary

text: for

text: glacier

text: formation

text: is

text: affected

text: by

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: degree

text: of

text: slope

text: on

text: the

text: land

text: amount

text: of

text: snowfall

text: and

text: the

text: winds

text: Glaciers

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: all

text: latitudes

text: except

text: from

text: to

text: north

text: and

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: equator

text: where

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: the

text: descending

text: limb

text: of

text: the

text: Hadley

text: circulation

text: lowers

text: precipitation

text: so

text: much

text: that

text: with

text: high

text: insolation

text: snow

text: lines

text: reach

text: above

text: m

text: ft

text: Between

text: and

text: however

text: precipitation

text: is

text: higher

text: and

text: the

text: mountains

text: above

text: m

text: ft

text: usually

text: have

text: permanent

text: snow

question: Do glaciers require permanent snow or only temporary coverage?

answer: permanent snow cover

text: permanent snow cover

question: Between which north latitudes are glaciers not found?

answer: 20° to 27° north

text: 20° to 27° north

question: Between which latitudes to mountains tend to have permanent snow?

answer: 19˚N and 19˚S

text: 19˚N and 19˚S

question: Why do mountains between 19N and 19S tend to have snow?

answer: precipitation is higher

text: precipitation is higher


text: Historically, the paper was not overtly pro-Tory or Whig, but has been a long time bastion of the English Establishment and empire. The Times adopted a stance described as "peculiarly detached" at the 1945 general election; although it was increasingly critical of the Conservative Party's campaign, it did not advocate a vote for any one party. However, the newspaper reverted to the Tories for the next election five years later. It supported the Conservatives for the subsequent three elections, followed by support for both the Conservatives and the Liberal Party for the next five elections, expressly supporting a Con-Lib coalition in 1974. The paper then backed the Conservatives solidly until 1997, when it declined to make any party endorsement but supported individual (primarily Eurosceptic) candidates.

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: Historically

text: the

text: paper

text: was

text: not

text: overtly

text: pro

text: Tory

text: or

text: Whig

text: but

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: long

text: time

text: bastion

text: of

text: the

text: English

text: Establishment

text: and

text: empire

text: The

text: Times

text: adopted

text: a

text: stance

text: described

text: as

text: peculiarly

text: detached

text: at

text: the

text: general

text: election

text: although

text: it

text: was

text: increasingly

text: critical

text: of

text: the

text: Conservative

text: Party

text: 's

text: campaign

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: advocate

text: a

text: vote

text: for

text: any

text: one

text: party

text: However

text: the

text: newspaper

text: reverted

text: to

text: the

text: Tories

text: for

text: the

text: next

text: election

text: five

text: years

text: later

text: It

text: supported

text: the

text: Conservatives

text: for

text: the

text: subsequent

text: three

text: elections

text: followed

text: by

text: support

text: for

text: both

text: the

text: Conservatives

text: and

text: the

text: Liberal

text: Party

text: for

text: the

text: next

text: five

text: elections

text: expressly

text: supporting

text: a

text: Con

text: Lib

text: coalition

text: in

text: The

text: paper

text: then

text: backed

text: the

text: Conservatives

text: solidly

text: until

text: when

text: it

text: declined

text: to

text: make

text: any

text: party

text: endorsement

text: but

text: supported

text: individual

text: primarily

text: Eurosceptic

text: candidates

question: At the 1945 general election, The Times adopted a stance that was referred to by what name?

answer: peculiarly detached

text: peculiarly detached

question: What kind of political coalition did The Times support in 1974?

answer: Con-Lib coalition

text: Con-Lib coalition

question: After 1945, The Times supported what party for 5 years afterwards?

answer: Tory

text: Tory

question: From the 1970s until 1997, The Times supported what political party?

answer: Conservatives

text: Conservatives

question: After 1997, The Times declined from making any party endorsements however, they supported individual candidates known by what name?

answer: Eurosceptic

text: Eurosceptic


text: Gibraltar opened its first comprehensive school in 1972. Between the ages of 12 and 16 two comprehensive schools cater for girls and boys separately. Students may also continue into the sixth form to complete their A-levels.

title: Comprehensive_school

title: Comprehensive_school

text: Gibraltar

text: opened

text: its

text: first

text: comprehensive

text: school

text: in

text: Between

text: the

text: ages

text: of

text: and

text: two

text: comprehensive

text: schools

text: cater

text: for

text: girls

text: and

text: boys

text: separately

text: Students

text: may

text: also

text: continue

text: into

text: the

text: sixth

text: form

text: to

text: complete

text: their

text: A

text: levels

question: When was the first comprehensive school opened in Gibraltar?

answer: 1972

question: Where can students go after finishing comprehensive school in Gibraltar?

answer: sixth form

text: sixth form

question: What examinations do students prepare for in the sixth form?

answer: A-levels

text: A-levels


text: Many flags of the Islamic world are green, as the color is considered sacred in Islam (see below). The flag of Hamas, as well as the flag of Iran, is green, symbolizing their Islamist ideology. The 1977 flag of Libya consisted of a simple green field with no other characteristics. It was the only national flag in the world with just one color and no design, insignia, or other details. Some countries used green in their flags to represent their country's lush vegetation, as in the flag of Jamaica, and hope in the future, as in the flags of Portugal and Nigeria. The green cedar of Lebanon tree on the Flag of Lebanon officially represents steadiness and tolerance.

title: Green

title: Green

text: Many

text: flags

text: of

text: the

text: Islamic

text: world

text: are

text: green

text: as

text: the

text: color

text: is

text: considered

text: sacred

text: in

text: Islam

text: see

text: below

text: The

text: flag

text: of

text: Hamas

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: flag

text: of

text: Iran

text: is

text: green

text: symbolizing

text: their

text: Islamist

text: ideology

text: The

text: flag

text: of

text: Libya

text: consisted

text: of

text: a

text: simple

text: green

text: field

text: with

text: no

text: other

text: characteristics

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: national

text: flag

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: just

text: one

text: color

text: and

text: no

text: design

text: insignia

text: or

text: other

text: details

text: Some

text: countries

text: used

text: green

text: in

text: their

text: flags

text: to

text: represent

text: their

text: country

text: 's

text: lush

text: vegetation

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: flag

text: of

text: Jamaica

text: and

text: hope

text: in

text: the

text: future

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: flags

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: Nigeria

text: The

text: green

text: cedar

text: of

text: Lebanon

text: tree

text: on

text: the

text: Flag

text: of

text: Lebanon

text: officially

text: represents

text: steadiness

text: and

text: tolerance

question: Which country had a flag in 1977 that was only green?

answer: Libya

text: Libya

question: What does the green in Jamaica's flag represent?

answer: country's lush vegetation

text: country's lush vegetation

question: What does the green cedar of Lebanon tree represent on the Flag of Lebanon?

answer: steadiness and tolerance

text: steadiness and tolerance

question: Which color is considered sacred in Islam?

answer: green

text: green


text: The government has assembled a National Human Rights Commission that consists of 15 members from various backgrounds. Several activists in exile, including Thee Lay Thee Anyeint members, have returned to Myanmar after President Thein Sein's invitation to expatriates to return home to work for national development. In an address to the United Nations Security Council on 22 September 2011, Myanmar's Foreign Minister Wunna Maung Lwin confirmed the government's intention to release prisoners in the near future.

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: The

text: government

text: has

text: assembled

text: a

text: National

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Commission

text: that

text: consists

text: of

text: members

text: from

text: various

text: backgrounds

text: Several

text: activists

text: in

text: exile

text: including

text: Thee

text: Lay

text: Thee

text: Anyeint

text: members

text: have

text: returned

text: to

text: Myanmar

text: after

text: President

text: Thein

text: Sein

text: 's

text: invitation

text: to

text: expatriates

text: to

text: return

text: home

text: to

text: work

text: for

text: national

text: development

text: In

text: an

text: address

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Security

text: Council

text: on

text: September

text: Myanmar

text: 's

text: Foreign

text: Minister

text: Wunna

text: Maung

text: Lwin

text: confirmed

text: the

text: government

text: 's

text: intention

text: to

text: release

text: prisoners

text: in

text: the

text: near

text: future

question: What did the government bring together ?

answer: National Human Rights Commission

text: National Human Rights Commission

question: Once the decision was made to bring the group together who was it comprised of ?

answer: consists of 15 members from various backgrounds

text: consists of 15 members from various backgrounds

question: Has the joining brought about any changes in the region ?

answer: invitation to expatriates to return home to work for national development.

text: invitation to expatriates to return home to work for national development.

question: Who extended the offer to the activists ?

answer: President Thein Sein

text: President Thein Sein

question: Who addressed the United nations on Myanmar's behalf in the fall 2011 ?

answer: Myanmar's Foreign Minister Wunna Maung Lwin

text: Myanmar's Foreign Minister Wunna Maung Lwin


text: The Iranian languages or Iranic languages form a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, which in turn are a branch of the Indo-European language family. The speakers of Iranian languages are known as Iranian peoples. Historical Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE), and New Iranian (since 900 CE). Of the Old Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Old Persian (a language of Achaemenid Iran) and Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Middle Iranian languages included Middle Persian (a language of Sassanid Iran), Parthian, and Bactrian.

title: Iranian_languages

title: Iranian_languages

text: The

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: or

text: Iranic

text: languages

text: form

text: a

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: are

text: a

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: language

text: family

text: The

text: speakers

text: of

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: Iranian

text: peoples

text: Historical

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: are

text: grouped

text: in

text: three

text: stages

text: Old

text: Iranian

text: until

text: BCE

text: Middle

text: Iranian

text: BCE

text: CE

text: and

text: New

text: Iranian

text: since

text: CE

text: Of

text: the

text: Old

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: the

text: better

text: understood

text: and

text: recorded

text: ones

text: are

text: Old

text: Persian

text: a

text: language

text: of

text: Achaemenid

text: Iran

text: and

text: Avestan

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: Avesta

text: Middle

text: Iranian

text: languages

text: included

text: Middle

text: Persian

text: a

text: language

text: of

text: Sassanid

text: Iran

text: Parthian

text: and

text: Bactrian

question: What is another term meaning Iranian languages?

answer: Iranic languages

text: Iranic languages

question: What are the Iranic languages a subgroup of?

answer: Indo-Iranian languages

text: Indo-Iranian languages

question: What are Indo-Iranian languages a subset of?

answer: Indo-European language family

text: Indo-European language family

question: When did the change from Old Iranian to Middle Iranian occur?

answer: 400 BCE

text: 400 BCE

question: What is an example of a Sassanid language?

answer: Middle Persian

text: Middle Persian


text: Groups share a fundamental kinship with the notion of symmetry. For example, a symmetry group encodes symmetry features of a geometrical object: the group consists of the set of transformations that leave the object unchanged and the operation of combining two such transformations by performing one after the other. Lie groups are the symmetry groups used in the Standard Model of particle physics; Point groups are used to help understand symmetry phenomena in molecular chemistry; and Poincaré groups can express the physical symmetry underlying special relativity.

title: Group_(mathematics)

title: Group_(mathematics

text: Groups

text: share

text: a

text: fundamental

text: kinship

text: with

text: the

text: notion

text: of

text: symmetry

text: For

text: example

text: a

text: symmetry

text: group

text: encodes

text: symmetry

text: features

text: of

text: a

text: geometrical

text: object

text: the

text: group

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: set

text: of

text: transformations

text: that

text: leave

text: the

text: object

text: unchanged

text: and

text: the

text: operation

text: of

text: combining

text: two

text: such

text: transformations

text: by

text: performing

text: one

text: after

text: the

text: other

text: Lie

text: groups

text: are

text: the

text: symmetry

text: groups

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: Standard

text: Model

text: of

text: particle

text: physics

text: Point

text: groups

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: help

text: understand

text: symmetry

text: phenomena

text: in

text: molecular

text: chemistry

text: and

text: Poincaré

text: groups

text: can

text: express

text: the

text: physical

text: symmetry

text: underlying

text: special

text: relativity

question: What shares an essential relationship to groups?

answer: symmetry

text: symmetry

question: What are the symmetry groups utilized as a part of the Standard Model particle physics?

answer: Lie groups

text: Lie groups

question: What groups are are utilized toward comprehending symmetry wonders in chemistry?

answer: Point groups

text: Point groups

question: What groups can express the physical symmetry hidden behind special relativity?

answer: Poincaré groups

text: Poincaré groups


text: Although it is said that the "dog is man's best friend" regarding 17–24% of dogs in the developed countries, in the developing world they are feral, village or community dogs, with pet dogs uncommon. These live their lives as scavengers and have never been owned by humans, with one study showing their most common response when approached by strangers was to run away (52%) or respond with aggression (11%). We know little about these dogs, nor about the dogs that live in developed countries that are feral, stray or are in shelters, yet the great majority of modern research on dog cognition has focused on pet dogs living in human homes.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Although

text: it

text: is

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: dog

text: is

text: man

text: 's

text: best

text: friend

text: regarding

text: of

text: dogs

text: in

text: the

text: developed

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: developing

text: world

text: they

text: are

text: feral

text: village

text: or

text: community

text: dogs

text: with

text: pet

text: dogs

text: uncommon

text: These

text: live

text: their

text: lives

text: as

text: scavengers

text: and

text: have

text: never

text: been

text: owned

text: by

text: humans

text: with

text: one

text: study

text: showing

text: their

text: most

text: common

text: response

text: when

text: approached

text: by

text: strangers

text: was

text: to

text: run

text: away

text: or

text: respond

text: with

text: aggression

text: We

text: know

text: little

text: about

text: these

text: dogs

text: nor

text: about

text: the

text: dogs

text: that

text: live

text: in

text: developed

text: countries

text: that

text: are

text: feral

text: stray

text: or

text: are

text: in

text: shelters

text: yet

text: the

text: great

text: majority

text: of

text: modern

text: research

text: on

text: dog

text: cognition

text: has

text: focused

text: on

text: pet

text: dogs

text: living

text: in

text: human

text: homes

question: When these feral dogs are approached by a person, they tend to do this 52% of the time?

answer: run away

text: run away

question: When these feral dogs are approached by a person, they tend to do this 11% of the time?

answer: respond with aggression

text: respond with aggression

question: Dog cognition has been studied on what kind of dogs?

answer: pet dogs living in human homes.

text: pet dogs living in human homes.


text: In 1922, the number of supporters had surpassed 20,000 and by lending money to the club, Barça was able to build the larger Camp de Les Corts, which had an initial capacity of 20,000 spectators. After the Spanish Civil War the club started attracting more members and a larger number of spectators at matches. This led to several expansion projects: the grandstand in 1944, the southern stand in 1946, and finally the northern stand in 1950. After the last expansion, Les Corts could hold 60,000 spectators.

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: In

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: supporters

text: had

text: surpassed

text: and

text: by

text: lending

text: money

text: to

text: the

text: club

text: Barça

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: build

text: the

text: larger

text: Camp

text: de

text: Les

text: Corts

text: which

text: had

text: an

text: initial

text: capacity

text: of

text: spectators

text: After

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Civil

text: War

text: the

text: club

text: started

text: attracting

text: more

text: members

text: and

text: a

text: larger

text: number

text: of

text: spectators

text: at

text: matches

text: This

text: led

text: to

text: several

text: expansion

text: projects

text: the

text: grandstand

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: stand

text: in

text: and

text: finally

text: the

text: northern

text: stand

text: in

text: After

text: the

text: last

text: expansion

text: Les

text: Corts

text: could

text: hold

text: spectators

question: What was the number of team Barcelona supporters by 1922?

answer: 20,000

question: What did Barcelona build in 1922?

answer: Camp de Les Corts

text: Camp de Les Corts

question: How many people could Camp de Les Corts hold?

answer: 20,000

question: After several expansions how many people could the stadium hold?

answer: 60,000

question: When was the last expansion of Les Corts?

answer: 1950


text: In addition to the above, Greece is also to start oil and gas exploration in other locations in the Ionian Sea, as well as the Libyan Sea, within the Greek exclusive economic zone, south of Crete. The Ministry of the Environment, Energy and Climate Change announced that there was interest from various countries (including Norway and the United States) in exploration, and the first results regarding the amount of oil and gas in these locations were expected in the summer of 2012. In November 2012, a report published by Deutsche Bank estimated the value of natural gas reserves south of Crete at €427 billion.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: above

text: Greece

text: is

text: also

text: to

text: start

text: oil

text: and

text: gas

text: exploration

text: in

text: other

text: locations

text: in

text: the

text: Ionian

text: Sea

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Libyan

text: Sea

text: within

text: the

text: Greek

text: exclusive

text: economic

text: zone

text: south

text: of

text: Crete

text: The

text: Ministry

text: of

text: the

text: Environment

text: Energy

text: and

text: Climate

text: Change

text: announced

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: interest

text: from

text: various

text: countries

text: including

text: Norway

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: exploration

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: results

text: regarding

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: oil

text: and

text: gas

text: in

text: these

text: locations

text: were

text: expected

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: In

text: November

text: a

text: report

text: published

text: by

text: Deutsche

text: Bank

text: estimated

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: natural

text: gas

text: reserves

text: south

text: of

text: Crete

text: at

text: billion

question: What is Greece set to start exploring the Ionian Sea for?

answer: oil and gas

text: oil and gas

question: What countries have expressed interest in Greece's oil and gas exploration?

answer: Norway and the United States

text: Norway and the United States

question: When were the first results of the energy explorations expected?

answer: summer of 2012

text: summer of 2012

question: When did the Deutsche Bank publish a report on the findings of the value of the reserves south of Crete?

answer: November 2012

text: November 2012

question: What did the Deutsche Bank estimate the value of the reserves to be at?

answer: €427 billion

text: €427 billion


text: Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis. The daily mean temperature in January, the area's coldest month, is 32.6 °F (0.3 °C); however, temperatures usually drop to 10 °F (−12 °C) several times per winter, and reach 50 °F (10 °C) several days each winter month. Spring and autumn are unpredictable and can range from chilly to warm, although they are usually mild with low humidity. Summers are typically warm to hot and humid, with a daily mean temperature of 76.5 °F (24.7 °C) in July and an average humidity level of 72%. Nighttime conditions are often exacerbated by the urban heat island phenomenon, while daytime temperatures exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on average of 17 days each summer and in some years exceed 100 °F (38 °C). In the warmer months, the dew point, a measure of atmospheric moisture, ranges from 57.3 °F (14.1 °C) in June to 62.0 °F (16.7 °C) in August. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −15 °F (−26 °C), recorded on February 9, 1934, up to 106 °F (41 °C) on July 9, 1936.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Winters

text: are

text: cold

text: and

text: damp

text: and

text: prevailing

text: wind

text: patterns

text: that

text: blow

text: offshore

text: minimize

text: the

text: moderating

text: effects

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: yet

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: and

text: the

text: partial

text: shielding

text: from

text: colder

text: air

text: by

text: the

text: Appalachians

text: keep

text: the

text: city

text: warmer

text: in

text: the

text: winter

text: than

text: inland

text: North

text: American

text: cities

text: at

text: similar

text: or

text: lesser

text: latitudes

text: such

text: as

text: Pittsburgh

text: Cincinnati

text: and

text: Indianapolis

text: The

text: daily

text: mean

text: temperature

text: in

text: January

text: the

text: area

text: 's

text: coldest

text: month

text: is

text: F

text: C

text: however

text: temperatures

text: usually

text: drop

text: to

text: F

text: C

text: several

text: times

text: per

text: winter

text: and

text: reach

text: F

text: C

text: several

text: days

text: each

text: winter

text: month

text: Spring

text: and

text: autumn

text: are

text: unpredictable

text: and

text: can

text: range

text: from

text: chilly

text: to

text: warm

text: although

text: they

text: are

text: usually

text: mild

text: with

text: low

text: humidity

text: Summers

text: are

text: typically

text: warm

text: to

text: hot

text: and

text: humid

text: with

text: a

text: daily

text: mean

text: temperature

text: of

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: July

text: and

text: an

text: average

text: humidity

text: level

text: of

text: Nighttime

text: conditions

text: are

text: often

text: exacerbated

text: by

text: the

text: urban

text: heat

text: island

text: phenomenon

text: while

text: daytime

text: temperatures

text: exceed

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: average

text: of

text: days

text: each

text: summer

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: years

text: exceed

text: F

text: C

text: In

text: the

text: warmer

text: months

text: the

text: dew

text: point

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: atmospheric

text: moisture

text: ranges

text: from

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: June

text: to

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: August

text: Extreme

text: temperatures

text: have

text: ranged

text: from

text: F

text: C

text: recorded

text: on

text: February

text: up

text: to

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: July

question: What mountains serve as a barrier to keep New York City comparatively warmer in the winter?

answer: Appalachians

text: Appalachians

question: What is New York City's daily January mean temperature in degrees celsius?

answer: 0.3

question: What is the average humidity in July as a percentage?

answer: 72%

question: On average, how often do New York temperatures exceed 90 degrees Fahrenheit each year?

answer: 17

question: On what date did New York record its highest temperature ever?

answer: July 9, 1936

text: July 9, 1936

question: What is the highest temperature recorded in NYC?

answer: 106

question: When was the lowest temperature recorded in NYC?

answer: 1934

question: The highest temperature ever recorded in NYC was in what year?

answer: 1936


text: The situation in Switzerland and Liechtenstein is different from the rest of the German-speaking countries. The Swiss German dialects are the default everyday language in virtually every situation, whereas standard German is seldom spoken. Some Swiss German speakers perceive standard German to be a foreign language.

title: Dialect

title: Dialect

text: The

text: situation

text: in

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: Liechtenstein

text: is

text: different

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: speaking

text: countries

text: The

text: Swiss

text: German

text: dialects

text: are

text: the

text: default

text: everyday

text: language

text: in

text: virtually

text: every

text: situation

text: whereas

text: standard

text: German

text: is

text: seldom

text: spoken

text: Some

text: Swiss

text: German

text: speakers

text: perceive

text: standard

text: German

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: foreign

text: language

question: What dialect of German is spoken in Switzerland?

answer: Swiss German

text: Swiss German

question: What dialect of German is rarely heard in Switzerland?

answer: standard German

text: standard German

question: Aside from Switzerland, what country speaks a dialect related to Swiss German?

answer: Liechtenstein

text: Liechtenstein


text: The metal's distinctive natural green patina has long been coveted by architects and designers. The final patina is a particularly durable layer that is highly resistant to atmospheric corrosion, thereby protecting the underlying metal against further weathering. It can be a mixture of carbonate and sulfate compounds in various amounts, depending upon environmental conditions such as sulfur-containing acid rain. Architectural copper and its alloys can also be 'finished' to embark a particular look, feel, and/or color. Finishes include mechanical surface treatments, chemical coloring, and coatings.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: The

text: metal

text: 's

text: distinctive

text: natural

text: green

text: patina

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: coveted

text: by

text: architects

text: and

text: designers

text: The

text: final

text: patina

text: is

text: a

text: particularly

text: durable

text: layer

text: that

text: is

text: highly

text: resistant

text: to

text: atmospheric

text: corrosion

text: thereby

text: protecting

text: the

text: underlying

text: metal

text: against

text: further

text: weathering

text: It

text: can

text: be

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: carbonate

text: and

text: sulfate

text: compounds

text: in

text: various

text: amounts

text: depending

text: upon

text: environmental

text: conditions

text: such

text: as

text: sulfur

text: containing

text: acid

text: rain

text: Architectural

text: copper

text: and

text: its

text: alloys

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: finished

text: to

text: embark

text: a

text: particular

text: look

text: feel

text: and/or

text: color

text: Finishes

text: include

text: mechanical

text: surface

text: treatments

text: chemical

text: coloring

text: and

text: coatings

question: What pigment color is natural to copper?

answer: green

text: green

question: What property does the final patina on cooper have?

answer: highly resistant to atmospheric corrosion

text: highly resistant to atmospheric corrosion

question: What mixture of compounds is the final patina?

answer: carbonate and sulfate

text: carbonate and sulfate

question: What conditions effect the mixture of carbonate and sulfate in copper?

answer: environmental

text: environmental

question: What can be done to copper to give it a certain look?

answer: finished

text: finished


text: Lee has said that To Kill a Mockingbird is not an autobiography, but rather an example of how an author "should write about what he knows and write truthfully". Nevertheless, several people and events from Lee's childhood parallel those of the fictional Scout. Lee's father, Amasa Coleman Lee, was an attorney, similar to Atticus Finch, and in 1919, he defended two black men accused of murder. After they were convicted, hanged and mutilated, he never tried another criminal case. Lee's father was also the editor and publisher of the Monroeville newspaper. Although more of a proponent of racial segregation than Atticus, he gradually became more liberal in his later years. Though Scout's mother died when she was a baby, Lee was 25 when her mother, Frances Cunningham Finch, died. Lee's mother was prone to a nervous condition that rendered her mentally and emotionally absent. Lee had a brother named Edwin, who—like the fictional Jem—was four years older than his sister. As in the novel, a black housekeeper came daily to care for the Lee house and family.

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

text: Lee

text: has

text: said

text: that

text: To

text: Kill

text: a

text: Mockingbird

text: is

text: not

text: an

text: autobiography

text: but

text: rather

text: an

text: example

text: of

text: how

text: an

text: author

text: should

text: write

text: about

text: what

text: he

text: knows

text: and

text: write

text: truthfully

text: Nevertheless

text: several

text: people

text: and

text: events

text: from

text: Lee

text: 's

text: childhood

text: parallel

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: fictional

text: Scout

text: Lee

text: 's

text: father

text: Amasa

text: Coleman

text: Lee

text: was

text: an

text: attorney

text: similar

text: to

text: Atticus

text: Finch

text: and

text: in

text: he

text: defended

text: two

text: black

text: men

text: accused

text: of

text: murder

text: After

text: they

text: were

text: convicted

text: hanged

text: and

text: mutilated

text: he

text: never

text: tried

text: another

text: criminal

text: case

text: Lee

text: 's

text: father

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: editor

text: and

text: publisher

text: of

text: the

text: Monroeville

text: newspaper

text: Although

text: more

text: of

text: a

text: proponent

text: of

text: racial

text: segregation

text: than

text: Atticus

text: he

text: gradually

text: became

text: more

text: liberal

text: in

text: his

text: later

text: years

text: Though

text: Scout

text: 's

text: mother

text: died

text: when

text: she

text: was

text: a

text: baby

text: Lee

text: was

text: when

text: her

text: mother

text: Frances

text: Cunningham

text: Finch

text: died

text: Lee

text: 's

text: mother

text: was

text: prone

text: to

text: a

text: nervous

text: condition

text: that

text: rendered

text: her

text: mentally

text: and

text: emotionally

text: absent

text: Lee

text: had

text: a

text: brother

text: named

text: Edwin

text: who

text: like

text: the

text: fictional

text: Jem

text: was

text: four

text: years

text: older

text: than

text: his

text: sister

text: As

text: in

text: the

text: novel

text: a

text: black

text: housekeeper

text: came

text: daily

text: to

text: care

text: for

text: the

text: Lee

text: house

text: and

text: family

question: Harper Lee has stated that To Kill a Mockingbird is not what genre of book?

answer: autobiography

text: autobiography

question: What year did Harper Lee's father represent two black men accused of murder?

answer: 1919

question: At what age did Harper Lee's mother die?

answer: 25

question: What titles did Lee's father maintain at the local newspaper?

answer: editor and publisher

text: editor and publisher


text: The "Rheinische" Carnival is held in the west of Germany, mainly in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia or Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rhineland Palatinate or Rheinland-Pfalz, but also in Hessen [including Oberhessen], Bavaria and other states. Some cities are more famous for celebrations such as parades and costume balls. Köln or Cologne Carnival, as well as Mainz and Düsseldorf are the largest and most famous. Other cities have their own, often less well-known celebrations, parades and parties such as Worms am Rhein, Speyer, Kaiserslautern, Frankfurt, Darmstadt, Mannheim, Ludwigshafen, Stuttgart, Augsburg and München [Munich] Nürnberg. On Carnival Thursday (called "Old Women Day" or "The Women's Day") in commemoration of an 1824 revolt by washer-women, women storm city halls, cut men's ties, and are allowed to kiss any passing man.

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: The

text: Rheinische

text: Carnival

text: is

text: held

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: Germany

text: mainly

text: in

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: North

text: Rhine

text: Westphalia

text: or

text: Nordrhein

text: Westfalen

text: Rhineland

text: Palatinate

text: or

text: Rheinland

text: Pfalz

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Hessen

text: including

text: Oberhessen

text: Bavaria

text: and

text: other

text: states

text: Some

text: cities

text: are

text: more

text: famous

text: for

text: celebrations

text: such

text: as

text: parades

text: and

text: costume

text: balls

text: Köln

text: or

text: Cologne

text: Carnival

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Mainz

text: and

text: Düsseldorf

text: are

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: most

text: famous

text: Other

text: cities

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: often

text: less

text: well

text: known

text: celebrations

text: parades

text: and

text: parties

text: such

text: as

text: Worms

text: am

text: Rhein

text: Speyer

text: Kaiserslautern

text: Frankfurt

text: Darmstadt

text: Mannheim

text: Ludwigshafen

text: Stuttgart

text: Augsburg

text: and

text: München

text: Munich

text: Nürnberg

text: On

text: Carnival

text: Thursday

text: called

text: Old

text: Women

text: Day

text: or

text: The

text: Women

text: 's

text: Day

text: in

text: commemoration

text: of

text: an

text: revolt

text: by

text: washer

text: women

text: women

text: storm

text: city

text: halls

text: cut

text: men

text: 's

text: ties

text: and

text: are

text: allowed

text: to

text: kiss

text: any

text: passing

text: man

question: Which Carnival is held in Germany's west?

answer: The "Rheinische"

text: The "Rheinische"

question: Cologne Carnival is one of the largest Carnivals and also is the most what?

answer: famous

text: famous

question: What is colloquially known as Old Women Day?

answer: Nürnberg. On Carnival Thursday

text: Nürnberg. On Carnival Thursday

question: Who revolted in 1824?

answer: washer-women

text: washer-women

question: What are the women who stormy city halls allowed to do to any passing man?

answer: kiss

text: kiss


text: Micronesian colonists gradually settled the Marshall Islands during the 2nd millennium BC, with inter-island navigation made possible using traditional stick charts. Islands in the archipelago were first explored by Europeans in the 1520s, with Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar sighting an atoll in August 1526. Other expeditions by Spanish and English ships followed. The islands derive their name from British explorer John Marshall, who visited in 1788. The islands were historically known by the inhabitants as "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God).

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: Micronesian

text: colonists

text: gradually

text: settled

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: during

text: the

text: millennium

text: BC

text: with

text: inter

text: island

text: navigation

text: made

text: possible

text: using

text: traditional

text: stick

text: charts

text: Islands

text: in

text: the

text: archipelago

text: were

text: first

text: explored

text: by

text: Europeans

text: in

text: the

text: with

text: Spanish

text: explorer

text: Alonso

text: de

text: Salazar

text: sighting

text: an

text: atoll

text: in

text: August

text: Other

text: expeditions

text: by

text: Spanish

text: and

text: English

text: ships

text: followed

text: The

text: islands

text: derive

text: their

text: name

text: from

text: British

text: explorer

text: John

text: Marshall

text: who

text: visited

text: in

text: The

text: islands

text: were

text: historically

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: inhabitants

text: as

text: jolet

text: jen

text: Anij

text: Gifts

text: from

text: God

question: Who were the original settlers of the area that became the Marshall Islands?

answer: Micronesian colonists

text: Micronesian colonists

question: How were original settlers of the area able to move between islands?

answer: traditional stick charts

text: traditional stick charts

question: In what year did a European explorer first see the Marshall Islands?

answer: 1526

question: Which explorer first saw the Marshall Islands?

answer: Alonso de Salazar

text: Alonso de Salazar

question: For whom are the Marshall Islands named?

answer: John Marshall

text: John Marshall

question: During what span were the Marshall Islands first settled?

answer: 2nd millennium BC

text: 2nd millennium BC

question: Who first settled the Marshall Islands?

answer: Micronesian colonists

text: Micronesian colonists

question: In what decade did Europeans first visit the Marshall Islands?

answer: 1520s

question: In what month and year did a European first arrive at the Marshall Islands?

answer: August 1526

text: August 1526

question: After whom are the Marshall Islands named?

answer: John Marshall

text: John Marshall


text: An unexpected adverse effect of daylight saving time may lie in the fact that an extra part of morning rush hour traffic occurs before dawn and traffic emissions then cause higher air pollution than during daylight hours.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: An

text: unexpected

text: adverse

text: effect

text: of

text: daylight

text: saving

text: time

text: may

text: lie

text: in

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: an

text: extra

text: part

text: of

text: morning

text: rush

text: hour

text: traffic

text: occurs

text: before

text: dawn

text: and

text: traffic

text: emissions

text: then

text: cause

text: higher

text: air

text: pollution

text: than

text: during

text: daylight

text: hours

question: Do emissions from vehicle exhaust cause lower or higher pollution before dawn?

answer: higher

text: higher

question: Does DST mean more rush hour traffic is on the road before dawn or after?

answer: before dawn

text: before dawn

question: What kind of pollution is caused by emissions from cars while they're sitting in traffic?

answer: air pollution

text: air pollution


text: On November 17, 2014, Students for Fair Admissions, an offshoot of the Project on Fair Representation, filed lawsuits in federal district court challenging the admissions practices of Harvard University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The UNC-Chapel Hill lawsuit alleges discrimination against white and Asian students, while the Harvard lawsuit focuses on discrimination against Asian applicants. Both universities requested the court to halt the lawsuits until the U.S. Supreme Court provides clarification of relevant law by ruling in Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin for the second time. This Supreme Court case will likely be decided in June 2016 or slightly earlier.

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: On

text: November

text: Students

text: for

text: Fair

text: Admissions

text: an

text: offshoot

text: of

text: the

text: Project

text: on

text: Fair

text: Representation

text: filed

text: lawsuits

text: in

text: federal

text: district

text: court

text: challenging

text: the

text: admissions

text: practices

text: of

text: Harvard

text: University

text: and

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Chapel

text: Hill

text: The

text: UNC

text: Chapel

text: Hill

text: lawsuit

text: alleges

text: discrimination

text: against

text: white

text: and

text: Asian

text: students

text: while

text: the

text: Harvard

text: lawsuit

text: focuses

text: on

text: discrimination

text: against

text: Asian

text: applicants

text: Both

text: universities

text: requested

text: the

text: court

text: to

text: halt

text: the

text: lawsuits

text: until

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: provides

text: clarification

text: of

text: relevant

text: law

text: by

text: ruling

text: in

text: Fisher

text: v.

text: University

text: of

text: Texas

text: at

text: Austin

text: for

text: the

text: second

text: time

text: This

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: case

text: will

text: likely

text: be

text: decided

text: in

text: June

text: or

text: slightly

text: earlier

question: On which date were lawsuits filed against Harvard and Chapel Hill?

answer: November 17, 2014

text: November 17, 2014

question: Who filed the lawsuits against the Universities?

answer: Students for Fair Admissions

text: Students for Fair Admissions

question: Other than Asian students, who else was allegedly being discriminated against?

answer: white

text: white

question: What is the Students for Fair Admissions an offshoot of?

answer: Project on Fair Representation

text: Project on Fair Representation

question: What are the Universities waiting for before proceeding with the lawsuit?

answer: until the U.S. Supreme Court provides clarification of relevant law

text: until the U.S. Supreme Court provides clarification of relevant law


text: The printed circuit board industry defines heavy copper as layers exceeding three ounces of copper, or approximately 0.0042 inches (4.2 mils, 105 μm) thick. PCB designers and fabricators often use heavy copper when design and manufacturing circuit boards in order to increase current-carrying capacity as well as resistance to thermal strains. Heavy copper plated vias transfer heat to external heat sinks. IPC 2152 is a standard for determining current-carrying capacity of printed circuit board traces.

title: Printed_circuit_board

title: Printed_circuit_board

text: The

text: printed

text: circuit

text: board

text: industry

text: defines

text: heavy

text: copper

text: as

text: layers

text: exceeding

text: three

text: ounces

text: of

text: copper

text: or

text: approximately

text: inches

text: mils

text: μm

text: thick

text: PCB

text: designers

text: and

text: fabricators

text: often

text: use

text: heavy

text: copper

text: when

text: design

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: circuit

text: boards

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: increase

text: current

text: carrying

text: capacity

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: resistance

text: to

text: thermal

text: strains

text: Heavy

text: copper

text: plated

text: vias

text: transfer

text: heat

text: to

text: external

text: heat

text: sinks

text: IPC

text: is

text: a

text: standard

text: for

text: determining

text: current

text: carrying

text: capacity

text: of

text: printed

text: circuit

text: board

text: traces

question: What's the minimum amount of copper a layer in a PCB can have to be considered "heavy copper"?

answer: three ounces

text: three ounces

question: About how thick would a PCB layer be if it contained three oz. of copper?

answer: 0.0042 inches

text: 0.0042 inches

question: What will a circuit board with heavy copper carry very well?

answer: current

text: current

question: What would a PCB designer use heavy copper to make their circuit board resist?

answer: thermal strains

text: thermal strains

question: Where does the heat go when it leaves heavy copper-plated vias?

answer: external heat sinks

text: external heat sinks


text: The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies, especially stereo recordings, which became widely available in 1958, gave a boost to the "hi-fi" classification of products, leading to sales of individual components for the home such as amplifiers, loudspeakers, phonographs, and tape players. High Fidelity and Audio were two magazines that hi-fi consumers and engineers could read for reviews of playback equipment and recordings.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: The

text: term

text: high

text: fidelity

text: was

text: coined

text: in

text: the

text: by

text: some

text: manufacturers

text: of

text: radio

text: receivers

text: and

text: phonographs

text: to

text: differentiate

text: their

text: better

text: sounding

text: products

text: claimed

text: as

text: providing

text: perfect

text: sound

text: reproduction

text: The

text: term

text: began

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: by

text: some

text: audio

text: engineers

text: and

text: consumers

text: through

text: the

text: and

text: After

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: improvements

text: in

text: recording

text: and

text: playback

text: technologies

text: especially

text: stereo

text: recordings

text: which

text: became

text: widely

text: available

text: in

text: gave

text: a

text: boost

text: to

text: the

text: hi

text: fi

text: classification

text: of

text: products

text: leading

text: to

text: sales

text: of

text: individual

text: components

text: for

text: the

text: home

text: such

text: as

text: amplifiers

text: loudspeakers

text: phonographs

text: and

text: tape

text: players

text: High

text: Fidelity

text: and

text: Audio

text: were

text: two

text: magazines

text: that

text: hi

text: fi

text: consumers

text: and

text: engineers

text: could

text: read

text: for

text: reviews

text: of

text: playback

text: equipment

text: and

text: recordings

question: What term was coined to differentiate better sounding products in the 1920s?

answer: high fidelity

text: high fidelity

question: What magazines provided reviews for audio equipment?

answer: High Fidelity and Audio

text: High Fidelity and Audio

question: What happened in 1958 that changed the home music scene?

answer: variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies

text: variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies

question: During what years did the term HiFi take off with engineers?

answer: 1930s and 1940s

text: 1930s and 1940s

question: What term would be used when one said they produced perfect sound reproduction?

answer: high fidelity

text: high fidelity


text: The government exerts greater control over broadcast media than print media, especially due to finance and licensing. The Swiss Broadcasting Corporation, whose name was recently changed to SRG SSR, is charged with the production and broadcast of radio and television programs. SRG SSR studios are distributed throughout the various language regions. Radio content is produced in six central and four regional studios while the television programs are produced in Geneva, Zürich and Lugano. An extensive cable network also allows most Swiss to access the programs from neighboring countries.

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: The

text: government

text: exerts

text: greater

text: control

text: over

text: broadcast

text: media

text: than

text: print

text: media

text: especially

text: due

text: to

text: finance

text: and

text: licensing

text: The

text: Swiss

text: Broadcasting

text: Corporation

text: whose

text: name

text: was

text: recently

text: changed

text: to

text: SRG

text: SSR

text: is

text: charged

text: with

text: the

text: production

text: and

text: broadcast

text: of

text: radio

text: and

text: television

text: programs

text: SRG

text: SSR

text: studios

text: are

text: distributed

text: throughout

text: the

text: various

text: language

text: regions

text: Radio

text: content

text: is

text: produced

text: in

text: six

text: central

text: and

text: four

text: regional

text: studios

text: while

text: the

text: television

text: programs

text: are

text: produced

text: in

text: Geneva

text: Zürich

text: and

text: Lugano

text: An

text: extensive

text: cable

text: network

text: also

text: allows

text: most

text: Swiss

text: to

text: access

text: the

text: programs

text: from

text: neighboring

text: countries

question: What causes the government to exert greater control over broadcast media than print media?

answer: finance and licensing

text: finance and licensing

question: Where are television programs produced?

answer: Geneva, Zürich and Lugano

text: Geneva, Zürich and Lugano

question: What was the Swiss Broadcasting Corporations name recently changed to?

answer: SRG SSR

text: SRG SSR


text: The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-series. The A-series orders events according to their being in the past, present or future, simpliciter and in comparison to each other. The B-series eliminates all reference to the present, and the associated temporal modalities of past and future, and orders all events by the temporal relations earlier than and later than.

title: Philosophy_of_space_and_time

title: Philosophy_of_space_and_time

text: The

text: problem

text: of

text: the

text: flow

text: of

text: time

text: as

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: treated

text: in

text: analytic

text: philosophy

text: owes

text: its

text: beginning

text: to

text: a

text: paper

text: written

text: by

text: J.

text: M.

text: E.

text: McTaggart

text: In

text: this

text: paper

text: McTaggart

text: proposes

text: two

text: temporal

text: series

text: The

text: first

text: series

text: which

text: means

text: to

text: account

text: for

text: our

text: intuitions

text: about

text: temporal

text: becoming

text: or

text: the

text: moving

text: Now

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: A

text: series

text: The

text: A

text: series

text: orders

text: events

text: according

text: to

text: their

text: being

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: present

text: or

text: future

text: simpliciter

text: and

text: in

text: comparison

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: The

text: B

text: series

text: eliminates

text: all

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: and

text: the

text: associated

text: temporal

text: modalities

text: of

text: past

text: and

text: future

text: and

text: orders

text: all

text: events

text: by

text: the

text: temporal

text: relations

text: earlier

text: than

text: and

text: later

text: than

question: Who started the discussion within analytic philosophy on the problem of the flow of time?

answer: J. M. E. McTaggart

text: J. M. E. McTaggart

question: How many "temporal series" did McTaggart propose?

answer: two

text: two

question: What was McTaggart's first series called?

answer: the A-series

text: the A-series

question: The A-Series orders events according to their being in the past, present or future and in comparison to what else?

answer: each other

text: each other

question: What is McTaggart's second series called?

answer: The B-series

text: The B-series


text: Molotov declared in his report entitled "On the Foreign Policy of the Soviet Union" (31 October 1939) held on the fifth (extraordinary) session of the Supreme Soviet, that the Western "ruling circles" disguise their intentions with the pretext of defending democracy against Hitlerism, declaring "their aim in war with Germany is nothing more, nothing less than extermination of Hitlerism. [...] There is absolutely no justification for this kind of war. The ideology of Hitlerism, just like any other ideological system, can be accepted or rejected, this is a matter of political views. But everyone grasps, that an ideology can not be exterminated by force, must not be finished off with a war."

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: Molotov

text: declared

text: in

text: his

text: report

text: entitled

text: On

text: the

text: Foreign

text: Policy

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: October

text: held

text: on

text: the

text: fifth

text: extraordinary

text: session

text: of

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: that

text: the

text: Western

text: ruling

text: circles

text: disguise

text: their

text: intentions

text: with

text: the

text: pretext

text: of

text: defending

text: democracy

text: against

text: Hitlerism

text: declaring

text: their

text: aim

text: in

text: war

text: with

text: Germany

text: is

text: nothing

text: more

text: nothing

text: less

text: than

text: extermination

text: of

text: Hitlerism

text: There

text: is

text: absolutely

text: no

text: justification

text: for

text: this

text: kind

text: of

text: war

text: The

text: ideology

text: of

text: Hitlerism

text: just

text: like

text: any

text: other

text: ideological

text: system

text: can

text: be

text: accepted

text: or

text: rejected

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: matter

text: of

text: political

text: views

text: But

text: everyone

text: grasps

text: that

text: an

text: ideology

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: exterminated

text: by

text: force

text: must

text: not

text: be

text: finished

text: off

text: with

text: a

text: war

question: What was the title of Molotov’s report called?

answer: On the Foreign Policy of the Soviet Union

text: On the Foreign Policy of the Soviet Union

question: According to Molotov, what was the goal of the west?

answer: extermination of Hitlerism

text: extermination of Hitlerism

question: Under what guise does the west perform their international policing?

answer: defending democracy

text: defending democracy


text: The mandolin's popularity in the United States was spurred by the success of a group of touring young European musicians known as the Estudiantina Figaro, or in the United States, simply the "Spanish Students." The group landed in the U.S. on January 2, 1880 in New York City, and played in Boston and New York to wildly enthusiastic crowds. Ironically, this ensemble did not play mandolins but rather bandurrias, which are also small, double-strung instruments that resemble the mandolin. The success of the Figaro Spanish Students spawned other groups who imitated their musical style and costumes. An Italian musician, Carlo Curti, hastily started a musical ensemble after seeing the Figaro Spanish Students perform; his group of Italian born Americans called themselves the "Original Spanish Students," counting on the American public to not know the difference between the Spanish bandurrias and Italian mandolins. The imitators' use of mandolins helped to generate enormous public interest in an instrument previously relatively unknown in the United States.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: The

text: mandolin

text: 's

text: popularity

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: was

text: spurred

text: by

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: touring

text: young

text: European

text: musicians

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Estudiantina

text: Figaro

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: simply

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Students

text: The

text: group

text: landed

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: on

text: January

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: and

text: played

text: in

text: Boston

text: and

text: New

text: York

text: to

text: wildly

text: enthusiastic

text: crowds

text: Ironically

text: this

text: ensemble

text: did

text: not

text: play

text: mandolins

text: but

text: rather

text: bandurrias

text: which

text: are

text: also

text: small

text: double

text: strung

text: instruments

text: that

text: resemble

text: the

text: mandolin

text: The

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Figaro

text: Spanish

text: Students

text: spawned

text: other

text: groups

text: who

text: imitated

text: their

text: musical

text: style

text: and

text: costumes

text: An

text: Italian

text: musician

text: Carlo

text: Curti

text: hastily

text: started

text: a

text: musical

text: ensemble

text: after

text: seeing

text: the

text: Figaro

text: Spanish

text: Students

text: perform

text: his

text: group

text: of

text: Italian

text: born

text: Americans

text: called

text: themselves

text: the

text: Original

text: Spanish

text: Students

text: counting

text: on

text: the

text: American

text: public

text: to

text: not

text: know

text: the

text: difference

text: between

text: the

text: Spanish

text: bandurrias

text: and

text: Italian

text: mandolins

text: The

text: imitators

text: use

text: of

text: mandolins

text: helped

text: to

text: generate

text: enormous

text: public

text: interest

text: in

text: an

text: instrument

text: previously

text: relatively

text: unknown

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: What group in the US was popular?

answer: Estudiantina Figaro

text: Estudiantina Figaro

question: When did the Estudiantina Figaro come to the US?

answer: January 2, 1880

text: January 2, 1880

question: Where did the Estudiantina Figaro play?

answer: Boston and New York

text: Boston and New York

question: What group was inspired by the Estudiantina Figaro?

answer: Original Spanish Students

text: Original Spanish Students

question: What did the Origianl Spanish Students expect the American  public not to know?

answer: the difference between the Spanish bandurrias and Italian mandolins

text: the difference between the Spanish bandurrias and Italian mandolins


text: After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access.

title: Communications_in_Somalia

title: Communications_in_Somalia

text: After

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: civil

text: war

text: various

text: new

text: telecommunications

text: companies

text: began

text: to

text: spring

text: up

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: competed

text: to

text: provide

text: missing

text: infrastructure

text: Somalia

text: now

text: offers

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: technologically

text: advanced

text: and

text: competitively

text: priced

text: telecommunications

text: and

text: internet

text: services

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Funded

text: by

text: Somali

text: entrepreneurs

text: and

text: backed

text: by

text: expertise

text: from

text: China

text: Korea

text: and

text: Europe

text: these

text: nascent

text: telecommunications

text: firms

text: offer

text: affordable

text: mobile

text: phone

text: and

text: internet

text: services

text: that

text: are

text: not

text: available

text: in

text: many

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: continent

text: Customers

text: can

text: conduct

text: money

text: transfers

text: such

text: as

text: through

text: the

text: popular

text: Dahabshiil

text: and

text: other

text: banking

text: activities

text: via

text: mobile

text: phones

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: easily

text: gain

text: wireless

text: Internet

text: access

question: Who funded the new telecommunications firms in Somalia?

answer: Somali entrepreneurs

text: Somali entrepreneurs

question: China, Korea, and Europe lent what to the creation of the new firms.

answer: expertise

text: expertise

question: What do the new telecommunications firms in Somalia offer that is not available in many other parts of the continent?

answer: affordable mobile phone and internet services

text: affordable mobile phone and internet services

question: Money transfers and wireless internet are two things that customers can now accomplish via what?

answer: mobile phones

text: mobile phones

question: When the civil war began, many telecomunications companies were created to provide missing what?

answer: infrastructure

text: infrastructure


text: Strictly the term refers to the pump itself, which is normally manually operated, though electrically powered and gas powered pumps are occasionally used. When manually powered, the term "handpump" is often used to refer to both the pump and the associated handle.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: Strictly

text: the

text: term

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: pump

text: itself

text: which

text: is

text: normally

text: manually

text: operated

text: though

text: electrically

text: powered

text: and

text: gas

text: powered

text: pumps

text: are

text: occasionally

text: used

text: When

text: manually

text: powered

text: the

text: term

text: handpump

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: both

text: the

text: pump

text: and

text: the

text: associated

text: handle

question: What is a common name for a beer pump powered by hand?

answer: handpump

text: handpump

question: Along with electricity, what sometimes powers beer pumps that aren't operated by hand?

answer: gas

text: gas


text: On February 6, 2016, one day before her performance at the Super Bowl, Beyoncé released a new single exclusively on music streaming service Tidal called "Formation".

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: On

text: February

text: one

text: day

text: before

text: her

text: performance

text: at

text: the

text: Super

text: Bowl

text: Beyoncé

text: released

text: a

text: new

text: single

text: exclusively

text: on

text: music

text: streaming

text: service

text: Tidal

text: called

text: Formation

question: Beyonce released the song "Formation" on which online music service?

answer: Tidal

text: Tidal

question: Beyonce's new single released before the super bowl was called what?

answer: Formation

text: Formation

question: What day did Beyonce release her single, Formation?

answer: February 6, 2016

text: February 6, 2016

question: How was the single released?

answer: exclusively

text: exclusively

question: What was the name of the streaming service?

answer: Tidal

text: Tidal

question: What kind of platform was the song released?

answer: music streaming

text: music streaming

question: When did Beyoncé release Formation?

answer: February 6, 2016

text: February 6, 2016

question: Where did Beyoncé exclusively release her single, Formation?

answer: Tidal

text: Tidal


text: Later interpretations of Avicenna's philosophy split into three different schools; those (such as al-Tusi) who continued to apply his philosophy as a system to interpret later political events and scientific advances; those (such as al-Razi) who considered Avicenna's theological works in isolation from his wider philosophical concerns; and those (such as al-Ghazali) who selectively used parts of his philosophy to support their own attempts to gain greater spiritual insights through a variety of mystical means. It was the theological interpretation championed by those such as al-Razi which eventually came to predominate in the madrasahs.

title: Avicenna

title: Avicenna

text: Later

text: interpretations

text: of

text: Avicenna

text: 's

text: philosophy

text: split

text: into

text: three

text: different

text: schools

text: those

text: such

text: as

text: al

text: Tusi

text: who

text: continued

text: to

text: apply

text: his

text: philosophy

text: as

text: a

text: system

text: to

text: interpret

text: later

text: political

text: events

text: and

text: scientific

text: advances

text: those

text: such

text: as

text: al

text: Razi

text: who

text: considered

text: Avicenna

text: 's

text: theological

text: works

text: in

text: isolation

text: from

text: his

text: wider

text: philosophical

text: concerns

text: and

text: those

text: such

text: as

text: al

text: Ghazali

text: who

text: selectively

text: used

text: parts

text: of

text: his

text: philosophy

text: to

text: support

text: their

text: own

text: attempts

text: to

text: gain

text: greater

text: spiritual

text: insights

text: through

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: mystical

text: means

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: theological

text: interpretation

text: championed

text: by

text: those

text: such

text: as

text: al

text: Razi

text: which

text: eventually

text: came

text: to

text: predominate

text: in

text: the

text: madrasahs

question: Which interpretation of Avicenna's work was more taught in Islamic schools?

answer: al-Razi

text: al-Razi

question: Interpretations of Avicenna's work split into how many different schools?

answer: three

text: three

question: Who used only parts of Avicenna's works to support their own great spiritual insights?

answer: al-Ghazali

text: al-Ghazali

question: Who used Avicenna's work to help understand future political events?

answer: al-Tusi

text: al-Tusi

question: What are Islamic schools also known as?

answer: madrasahs

text: madrasahs


text: On the second day, U.S. reconnaissance planes located Ozawa's fleet, 275 miles (443 km)[citation needed] away, and submarines sank two Japanese carriers. Mitscher launched 230 torpedo planes and dive bombers. He then discovered the enemy was actually another 60 miles (97 km)[citation needed] further off, out of aircraft range (based on a roundtrip flight). Mitscher decided this chance to destroy the Japanese fleet was worth the risk of aircraft losses due to running out of fuel on the return flight. Overall, the U.S. lost 130 planes and 76 aircrew; however, Japan lost 450 planes, three carriers, and 445 aircrew. The Imperial Japanese Navy's carrier force was effectively destroyed.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: On

text: the

text: second

text: day

text: U.S.

text: reconnaissance

text: planes

text: located

text: Ozawa

text: 's

text: fleet

text: miles

text: km)[citation

text: needed

text: away

text: and

text: submarines

text: sank

text: two

text: Japanese

text: carriers

text: Mitscher

text: launched

text: torpedo

text: planes

text: and

text: dive

text: bombers

text: He

text: then

text: discovered

text: the

text: enemy

text: was

text: actually

text: another

text: miles

text: km)[citation

text: needed

text: further

text: off

text: out

text: of

text: aircraft

text: range

text: based

text: on

text: a

text: roundtrip

text: flight

text: Mitscher

text: decided

text: this

text: chance

text: to

text: destroy

text: the

text: Japanese

text: fleet

text: was

text: worth

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: aircraft

text: losses

text: due

text: to

text: running

text: out

text: of

text: fuel

text: on

text: the

text: return

text: flight

text: Overall

text: the

text: U.S.

text: lost

text: planes

text: and

text: aircrew

text: however

text: Japan

text: lost

text: planes

text: three

text: carriers

text: and

text: aircrew

text: The

text: Imperial

text: Japanese

text: Navy

text: 's

text: carrier

text: force

text: was

text: effectively

text: destroyed

question: On what day did U.S> planes located Ozawa's fleet?

answer: second

text: second

question: How many miles away was Ozawa's fleet located?

answer: 275

question: How many planes did the U.S. lose?

answer: 130

question: How many planes did Japan lose?

answer: 450

question: How many U.S. aircrews were lost?

answer: 76


text: By 1962, their Columbia Record Productions unit was operating four plants around the United States located in Los Angeles; Terre Haute, Indiana; Bridgeport, Connecticut; and Pitman, New Jersey, which manufactured records for not only Columbia's own labels, but also for independent record labels.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: By

text: their

text: Columbia

text: Record

text: Productions

text: unit

text: was

text: operating

text: four

text: plants

text: around

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: located

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Terre

text: Haute

text: Indiana

text: Bridgeport

text: Connecticut

text: and

text: Pitman

text: New

text: Jersey

text: which

text: manufactured

text: records

text: for

text: not

text: only

text: Columbia

text: 's

text: own

text: labels

text: but

text: also

text: for

text: independent

text: record

text: labels

question: What 4 areas of the country did Columbia Records have manufacturers in?

answer: Los Angeles; Terre Haute, Indiana; Bridgeport, Connecticut; and Pitman, New Jersey

text: Los Angeles; Terre Haute, Indiana; Bridgeport, Connecticut; and Pitman, New Jersey