text: Most mammals are viviparous, giving birth to live young. However, the five species of monotreme, the platypuses and the echidnas, lay eggs. The monotremes have a sex determination system different from that of most other mammals. In particular, the sex chromosomes of a platypus are more like those of a chicken than those of a therian mammal. Like marsupials and most other mammals, monotreme young are larval and fetus-like, as the presence of epipubic bones prevents the expansion of the torso, forcing them to produce small young.

title: Mammal

title: Mammal

text: Most

text: mammals

text: are

text: viviparous

text: giving

text: birth

text: to

text: live

text: young

text: However

text: the

text: five

text: species

text: of

text: monotreme

text: the

text: platypuses

text: and

text: the

text: echidnas

text: lay

text: eggs

text: The

text: monotremes

text: have

text: a

text: sex

text: determination

text: system

text: different

text: from

text: that

text: of

text: most

text: other

text: mammals

text: In

text: particular

text: the

text: sex

text: chromosomes

text: of

text: a

text: platypus

text: are

text: more

text: like

text: those

text: of

text: a

text: chicken

text: than

text: those

text: of

text: a

text: therian

text: mammal

text: Like

text: marsupials

text: and

text: most

text: other

text: mammals

text: monotreme

text: young

text: are

text: larval

text: and

text: fetus

text: like

text: as

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: epipubic

text: bones

text: prevents

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: torso

text: forcing

text: them

text: to

text: produce

text: small

text: young

question: What is the common mammal group that gives birth to live young?

answer: viviparous

text: viviparous

question: How many species of mammals lay eggs?

answer: five species

text: five species

question: Which mammal that has the bill of a duck lays eggs?

answer: platypus

text: platypus

question: The platypus has sex chromosomes more related to which other non-mammal?

answer: chicken

text: chicken


text: The fighter aircraft of the USAF are small, fast, and maneuverable military aircraft primarily used for air-to-air combat. Many of these fighters have secondary ground-attack capabilities, and some are dual-roled as fighter-bombers (e.g., the F-16 Fighting Falcon); the term "fighter" is also sometimes used colloquially for dedicated ground-attack aircraft. Other missions include interception of bombers and other fighters, reconnaissance, and patrol. The F-16 is currently used by the USAF Air Demonstration squadron, the Thunderbirds, while a small number of both man-rated and non-man-rated F-4 Phantom II are retained as QF-4 aircraft for use as Full Scale Aerial Targets (FSAT) or as part of the USAF Heritage Flight program. These extant QF-4 aircraft are being replaced in the FSAT role by early model F-16 aircraft converted to QF-16 configuration. The USAF has 2,025 fighters in service as of September 2012.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: The

text: fighter

text: aircraft

text: of

text: the

text: USAF

text: are

text: small

text: fast

text: and

text: maneuverable

text: military

text: aircraft

text: primarily

text: used

text: for

text: air

text: to

text: air

text: combat

text: Many

text: of

text: these

text: fighters

text: have

text: secondary

text: ground

text: attack

text: capabilities

text: and

text: some

text: are

text: dual

text: roled

text: as

text: fighter

text: bombers

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Fighting

text: Falcon

text: the

text: term

text: fighter

text: is

text: also

text: sometimes

text: used

text: colloquially

text: for

text: dedicated

text: ground

text: attack

text: aircraft

text: Other

text: missions

text: include

text: interception

text: of

text: bombers

text: and

text: other

text: fighters

text: reconnaissance

text: and

text: patrol

text: The

text: is

text: currently

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: USAF

text: Air

text: Demonstration

text: squadron

text: the

text: Thunderbirds

text: while

text: a

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: both

text: man

text: rated

text: and

text: non

text: man

text: rated

text: Phantom

text: II

text: are

text: retained

text: as

text: aircraft

text: for

text: use

text: as

text: Full

text: Scale

text: Aerial

text: Targets

text: FSAT

text: or

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: USAF

text: Heritage

text: Flight

text: program

text: These

text: extant

text: aircraft

text: are

text: being

text: replaced

text: in

text: the

text: FSAT

text: role

text: by

text: early

text: model

text: aircraft

text: converted

text: to

text: configuration

text: The

text: USAF

text: has

text: fighters

text: in

text: service

text: as

text: of

text: September

question: What is the primary function of the USAF fighter aircraft?

answer: air-to-air combat

text: air-to-air combat

question: What is the name of a type of dual purpose fighter-bomber aircraft used by the US Air Force?

answer: F-16 Fighting Falcon

text: F-16 Fighting Falcon

question: What aircraft is used by the US Air Demonstration group The Thunderbirds?

answer: F-16

question: What kind of aircraft is utilized by the USAF in Full Scale Aerial Targets?

answer: F-4 Phantom II

text: F-4 Phantom II

question: What are the QF-4 aircraft being replaced by the US Air Force?

answer: early model F-16 aircraft converted to QF-16 configuration

text: early model F-16 aircraft converted to QF-16 configuration


text: By the early 20th century balloon, or airship, guns, for land and naval use were attracting attention. Various types of ammunition were proposed, high explosive, incendiary, bullet-chains, rod bullets and shrapnel. The need for some form of tracer or smoke trail was articulated. Fuzing options were also examined, both impact and time types. Mountings were generally pedestal type, but could be on field platforms. Trials were underway in most countries in Europe but only Krupp, Erhardt, Vickers Maxim, and Schneider had published any information by 1910. Krupp's designs included adaptations of their 65 mm 9-pounder, a 75 mm 12-pounder, and even a 105 mm gun. Erhardt also had a 12-pounder, while Vickers Maxim offered a 3-pounder and Schneider a 47 mm. The French balloon gun appeared in 1910, it was an 11-pounder but mounted on a vehicle, with a total uncrewed weight of 2 tons. However, since balloons were slow moving, sights were simple. But the challenges of faster moving airplanes were recognised.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: By

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: balloon

text: or

text: airship

text: guns

text: for

text: land

text: and

text: naval

text: use

text: were

text: attracting

text: attention

text: Various

text: types

text: of

text: ammunition

text: were

text: proposed

text: high

text: explosive

text: incendiary

text: bullet

text: chains

text: rod

text: bullets

text: and

text: shrapnel

text: The

text: need

text: for

text: some

text: form

text: of

text: tracer

text: or

text: smoke

text: trail

text: was

text: articulated

text: Fuzing

text: options

text: were

text: also

text: examined

text: both

text: impact

text: and

text: time

text: types

text: Mountings

text: were

text: generally

text: pedestal

text: type

text: but

text: could

text: be

text: on

text: field

text: platforms

text: Trials

text: were

text: underway

text: in

text: most

text: countries

text: in

text: Europe

text: but

text: only

text: Krupp

text: Erhardt

text: Vickers

text: Maxim

text: and

text: Schneider

text: had

text: published

text: any

text: information

text: by

text: Krupp

text: 's

text: designs

text: included

text: adaptations

text: of

text: their

text: mm

text: a

text: mm

text: and

text: even

text: a

text: mm

text: gun

text: Erhardt

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: while

text: Vickers

text: Maxim

text: offered

text: a

text: and

text: Schneider

text: a

text: mm

text: The

text: French

text: balloon

text: gun

text: appeared

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: an

text: but

text: mounted

text: on

text: a

text: vehicle

text: with

text: a

text: total

text: uncrewed

text: weight

text: of

text: tons

text: However

text: since

text: balloons

text: were

text: slow

text: moving

text: sights

text: were

text: simple

text: But

text: the

text: challenges

text: of

text: faster

text: moving

text: airplanes

text: were

text: recognised

question: What kind of guns started attracting attention?

answer: balloon, or airship, guns

text: balloon, or airship, guns

question: In addition to ammo proposals, what other need was articulated?

answer: The need for some form of tracer or smoke trail

text: The need for some form of tracer or smoke trail

question: The impact and time types of what were analyzed?

answer: Fuzing options

text: Fuzing options

question: As of 1910, who had published info available for gun designs?

answer: Krupp, Erhardt, Vickers Maxim, and Schneider

text: Krupp, Erhardt, Vickers Maxim, and Schneider

question: What gun made the scene in 1910?

answer: French balloon gun

text: French balloon gun


text: Alaska's economy depends heavily on increasingly expensive diesel fuel for heating, transportation, electric power and light. Though wind and hydroelectric power are abundant and underdeveloped, proposals for statewide energy systems (e.g. with special low-cost electric interties) were judged uneconomical (at the time of the report, 2001) due to low (less than 50¢/gal) fuel prices, long distances and low population. The cost of a gallon of gas in urban Alaska today is usually 30–60¢ higher than the national average; prices in rural areas are generally significantly higher but vary widely depending on transportation costs, seasonal usage peaks, nearby petroleum development infrastructure and many other factors.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: economy

text: depends

text: heavily

text: on

text: increasingly

text: expensive

text: diesel

text: fuel

text: for

text: heating

text: transportation

text: electric

text: power

text: and

text: light

text: Though

text: wind

text: and

text: hydroelectric

text: power

text: are

text: abundant

text: and

text: underdeveloped

text: proposals

text: for

text: statewide

text: energy

text: systems

text: e.g.

text: with

text: special

text: low

text: cost

text: electric

text: interties

text: were

text: judged

text: uneconomical

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: report

text: due

text: to

text: low

text: less

text: than

text: fuel

text: prices

text: long

text: distances

text: and

text: low

text: population

text: The

text: cost

text: of

text: a

text: gallon

text: of

text: gas

text: in

text: urban

text: Alaska

text: today

text: is

text: usually

text: higher

text: than

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: prices

text: in

text: rural

text: areas

text: are

text: generally

text: significantly

text: higher

text: but

text: vary

text: widely

text: depending

text: on

text: transportation

text: costs

text: seasonal

text: usage

text: peaks

text: nearby

text: petroleum

text: development

text: infrastructure

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: factors

question: Why were alternative energy sources judged uneconomical in 2001?

answer: low (less than 50¢/gal) fuel prices, long distances and low population

text: low (less than 50¢/gal) fuel prices, long distances and low population

question: How much does gas cost in Alaska, in comparison to the national average?

answer: 30–60¢ higher

text: 30–60¢ higher

question: What are some reasons why gas prices may vary in Alaska, especially?

answer: transportation costs, seasonal usage peaks, nearby petroleum development infrastructure

text: transportation costs, seasonal usage peaks, nearby petroleum development infrastructure

question: What does Alaska's economy heavily rely on?

answer: diesel fuel

text: diesel fuel

question: What purpose does diesel fuel have in Alaska?

answer: heating, transportation, electric power and light

text: heating, transportation, electric power and light


text: The Queen surpassed her great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria, to become the longest-lived British monarch in December 2007, and the longest-reigning British monarch on 9 September 2015. She was celebrated in Canada as the "longest-reigning sovereign in Canada's modern era". (King Louis XIV of France reigned over part of Canada for longer.) She is the longest-reigning queen regnant in history, the world's oldest reigning monarch and second-longest-serving current head of state after King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand.

title: Elizabeth_II

title: Elizabeth_II

text: The

text: Queen

text: surpassed

text: her

text: great

text: great

text: grandmother

text: Queen

text: Victoria

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: longest

text: lived

text: British

text: monarch

text: in

text: December

text: and

text: the

text: longest

text: reigning

text: British

text: monarch

text: on

text: September

text: She

text: was

text: celebrated

text: in

text: Canada

text: as

text: the

text: longest

text: reigning

text: sovereign

text: in

text: Canada

text: 's

text: modern

text: era

text: King

text: Louis

text: XIV

text: of

text: France

text: reigned

text: over

text: part

text: of

text: Canada

text: for

text: longer

text: She

text: is

text: the

text: longest

text: reigning

text: queen

text: regnant

text: in

text: history

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: reigning

text: monarch

text: and

text: second

text: longest

text: serving

text: current

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: after

text: King

text: Bhumibol

text: Adulyadej

text: of

text: Thailand

question: Who did Elizabeth surpass in longest lived British monarch?

answer: Queen Victoria

text: Queen Victoria

question: What relation was Victoria to Elizabeth?

answer: great-great-grandmother

text: great-great-grandmother

question: When did Elizabeth become the longest reigning monarch?

answer: 9 September 2015

text: 9 September 2015

question: In age of monarchs, what is the rank of Elizabeth's reign?

answer: world's oldest

text: world's oldest

question: What head of stat has served longer than Elizabeth?

answer: King Bhumibol Adulyadej

text: King Bhumibol Adulyadej


text: The status of East Jerusalem in any future peace settlement has at times been a difficult issue in negotiations between Israeli governments and representatives of the Palestinians, as Israel views it as its sovereign territory, as well as part of its capital. Most negotiations relating to the territories have been on the basis of United Nations Security Council Resolution 242, which emphasises "the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war", and calls on Israel to withdraw from occupied territories in return for normalization of relations with Arab states, a principle known as "Land for peace".

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: The

text: status

text: of

text: East

text: Jerusalem

text: in

text: any

text: future

text: peace

text: settlement

text: has

text: at

text: times

text: been

text: a

text: difficult

text: issue

text: in

text: negotiations

text: between

text: Israeli

text: governments

text: and

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: Palestinians

text: as

text: Israel

text: views

text: it

text: as

text: its

text: sovereign

text: territory

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: capital

text: Most

text: negotiations

text: relating

text: to

text: the

text: territories

text: have

text: been

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: United

text: Nations

text: Security

text: Council

text: Resolution

text: which

text: emphasises

text: the

text: inadmissibility

text: of

text: the

text: acquisition

text: of

text: territory

text: by

text: war

text: and

text: calls

text: on

text: Israel

text: to

text: withdraw

text: from

text: occupied

text: territories

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: normalization

text: of

text: relations

text: with

text: Arab

text: states

text: a

text: principle

text: known

text: as

text: Land

text: for

text: peace

question: Israel views East Jerusalem as what?

answer: sovereign territory

text: sovereign territory

question: What emphasises the inadmissability of the acquisition of territory by war?

answer: United Nations Security Council Resolution 242

text: United Nations Security Council Resolution 242

question: What is the principle of normalization of relations with Arab states?

answer: Land for peace

text: Land for peace


text: The majority of British Jews live in London, with significant Jewish communities in Stamford Hill, Stanmore, Golders Green, Finchley, Hampstead, Hendon and Edgware in North London. Bevis Marks Synagogue in the City of London is affiliated to London's historic Sephardic Jewish community. It is the only synagogue in Europe which has held regular services continuously for over 300 years. Stanmore and Canons Park Synagogue has the largest membership of any single Orthodox synagogue in the whole of Europe, overtaking Ilford synagogue (also in London) in 1998. The community set up the London Jewish Forum in 2006 in response to the growing significance of devolved London Government.

title: London

title: London

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: British

text: Jews

text: live

text: in

text: London

text: with

text: significant

text: Jewish

text: communities

text: in

text: Stamford

text: Hill

text: Stanmore

text: Golders

text: Green

text: Finchley

text: Hampstead

text: Hendon

text: and

text: Edgware

text: in

text: North

text: London

text: Bevis

text: Marks

text: Synagogue

text: in

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: is

text: affiliated

text: to

text: London

text: 's

text: historic

text: Sephardic

text: Jewish

text: community

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: synagogue

text: in

text: Europe

text: which

text: has

text: held

text: regular

text: services

text: continuously

text: for

text: over

text: years

text: Stanmore

text: and

text: Canons

text: Park

text: Synagogue

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: membership

text: of

text: any

text: single

text: Orthodox

text: synagogue

text: in

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: Europe

text: overtaking

text: Ilford

text: synagogue

text: also

text: in

text: London

text: in

text: The

text: community

text: set

text: up

text: the

text: London

text: Jewish

text: Forum

text: in

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: growing

text: significance

text: of

text: devolved

text: London

text: Government

question: Which Jewish synagogue boasts the largest membership in Europe?

answer: Stanmore and Canons Park Synagogue

text: Stanmore and Canons Park Synagogue

question: The Sephardic Jewish community in London is affiliated with which Synagogue?

answer: Bevis Marks Synagogue

text: Bevis Marks Synagogue

question: For how long has the Bevis Marks Synagogue in London been conducting religious services continuously?

answer: over 300 years

text: over 300 years

question: London's Stanmore and Canons Park Synagogue passed London's Ilford Synagogue in terms of membership in what year?

answer: 1998

question: When was the London Jewish Forum established?

answer: 2006


text: While forming an integral part of the Christian calendar, particularly in Catholic regions, many Carnival traditions resemble those antedating Christianity. Italian Carnival is sometimes thought to be derived from the ancient Roman festivals of Saturnalia and Bacchanalia. The Saturnalia, in turn, may be based on the Greek Dionysia and Oriental festivals. For the start of the Roman Saturnalia, on December 17 authorities chose an enemy of the Roman people to represent the Lord of Misrule in each community. These men and women were forced to indulge in food and physical pleasures throughout the week, horribly murdered on December 25th: "destroying the forces of darkness".

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: While

text: forming

text: an

text: integral

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Christian

text: calendar

text: particularly

text: in

text: Catholic

text: regions

text: many

text: Carnival

text: traditions

text: resemble

text: those

text: antedating

text: Christianity

text: Italian

text: Carnival

text: is

text: sometimes

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: festivals

text: of

text: Saturnalia

text: and

text: Bacchanalia

text: The

text: Saturnalia

text: in

text: turn

text: may

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Greek

text: Dionysia

text: and

text: Oriental

text: festivals

text: For

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Saturnalia

text: on

text: December

text: authorities

text: chose

text: an

text: enemy

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: people

text: to

text: represent

text: the

text: Lord

text: of

text: Misrule

text: in

text: each

text: community

text: These

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: were

text: forced

text: to

text: indulge

text: in

text: food

text: and

text: physical

text: pleasures

text: throughout

text: the

text: week

text: horribly

text: murdered

text: on

text: December

text: destroying

text: the

text: forces

text: of

text: darkness

question: Many Carnival traditions form an integral part of whose calendar?

answer: Christian

text: Christian

question: What two ancient Roman festivals is Carnival thought to stem from?

answer: Saturnalia and Bacchanalia

text: Saturnalia and Bacchanalia

question: The Saturnalia is potentially based on what Greek festival?

answer: Dionysia

text: Dionysia

question: On which month and day did Saturnalia start?

answer: December 17

text: December 17

question: What happened to the men and women chosen to represent the Lord of Misrule?

answer: horribly murdered

text: horribly murdered


text: The reaction to the encyclical's continued prohibitions of artificial birth control was very mixed. In Italy, Spain, Portugal and Poland, the encyclical was welcomed. In Latin America, much support developed for the Pope and his encyclical. As World Bank President Robert McNamara declared at the 1968 Annual Meeting of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group that countries permitting birth control practices would get preferential access to resources, doctors in La Paz, Bolivia called it insulting that money should be exchanged for the conscience of a Catholic nation. In Colombia, Cardinal archbishop Aníbal Muñoz Duque declared, if American conditionality undermines Papal teachings, we prefer not to receive one cent. The Senate of Bolivia passed a resolution stating that Humanae vitae could be discussed in its implications for individual consciences, but was of greatest significance because the papal document defended the rights of developing nations to determine their own population policies. The Jesuit Journal Sic dedicated one edition to the encyclical with supportive contributions.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: The

text: reaction

text: to

text: the

text: encyclical

text: 's

text: continued

text: prohibitions

text: of

text: artificial

text: birth

text: control

text: was

text: very

text: mixed

text: In

text: Italy

text: Spain

text: Portugal

text: and

text: Poland

text: the

text: encyclical

text: was

text: welcomed

text: In

text: Latin

text: America

text: much

text: support

text: developed

text: for

text: the

text: Pope

text: and

text: his

text: encyclical

text: As

text: World

text: Bank

text: President

text: Robert

text: McNamara

text: declared

text: at

text: the

text: Annual

text: Meeting

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Monetary

text: Fund

text: and

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: Group

text: that

text: countries

text: permitting

text: birth

text: control

text: practices

text: would

text: get

text: preferential

text: access

text: to

text: resources

text: doctors

text: in

text: La

text: Paz

text: Bolivia

text: called

text: it

text: insulting

text: that

text: money

text: should

text: be

text: exchanged

text: for

text: the

text: conscience

text: of

text: a

text: Catholic

text: nation

text: In

text: Colombia

text: Cardinal

text: archbishop

text: Aníbal

text: Muñoz

text: Duque

text: declared

text: if

text: American

text: conditionality

text: undermines

text: Papal

text: teachings

text: we

text: prefer

text: not

text: to

text: receive

text: one

text: cent

text: The

text: Senate

text: of

text: Bolivia

text: passed

text: a

text: resolution

text: stating

text: that

text: Humanae

text: vitae

text: could

text: be

text: discussed

text: in

text: its

text: implications

text: for

text: individual

text: consciences

text: but

text: was

text: of

text: greatest

text: significance

text: because

text: the

text: papal

text: document

text: defended

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: developing

text: nations

text: to

text: determine

text: their

text: own

text: population

text: policies

text: The

text: Jesuit

text: Journal

text: Sic

text: dedicated

text: one

text: edition

text: to

text: the

text: encyclical

text: with

text: supportive

text: contributions

question: Who was president of the World Bank in 1968?

answer: Robert McNamara

text: Robert McNamara

question: What were developing countries encouraged to allow access to by the World Bank?

answer: birth control

text: birth control

question: In what country did doctors call the World Bank's offer of resources in exchange for liberal birth control policies "insulting"?

answer: Bolivia

text: Bolivia

question: Who said Columbia did not want American aid if it required changing the Catholic church's stance on birth control?

answer: Cardinal archbishop Aníbal Muñoz Duque

text: Cardinal archbishop Aníbal Muñoz Duque

question: What country did Cardinal archbishop Anlbal Munoz Duque represent?

answer: Colombia

text: Colombia


text: The 'OtherOS' functionality was not present in the updated PS Slim models, and the feature was subsequently removed from previous versions of the PS3 as part of the machine's firmware update version 3.21 which was released on April 1, 2010; Sony cited security concerns as the rationale. The firmware update 3.21 was mandatory for access to the PlayStation Network. The removal caused some controversy; as the update removed officially advertised features from already sold products, and gave rise to several class action lawsuits aimed at making Sony return the feature or provide compensation.

title: PlayStation_3

title: PlayStation_3

text: The

text: OtherOS

text: functionality

text: was

text: not

text: present

text: in

text: the

text: updated

text: PS

text: Slim

text: models

text: and

text: the

text: feature

text: was

text: subsequently

text: removed

text: from

text: previous

text: versions

text: of

text: the

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: machine

text: 's

text: firmware

text: update

text: version

text: which

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: April

text: Sony

text: cited

text: security

text: concerns

text: as

text: the

text: rationale

text: The

text: firmware

text: update

text: was

text: mandatory

text: for

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: Network

text: The

text: removal

text: caused

text: some

text: controversy

text: as

text: the

text: update

text: removed

text: officially

text: advertised

text: features

text: from

text: already

text: sold

text: products

text: and

text: gave

text: rise

text: to

text: several

text: class

text: action

text: lawsuits

text: aimed

text: at

text: making

text: Sony

text: return

text: the

text: feature

text: or

text: provide

text: compensation

question: What functionality did the PlayStation 3 lose in version 3.21 of its firmware update?

answer: 'OtherOS'

text: 'OtherOS'

question: What reason did Sony give for taking out OtherOS?

answer: security concerns

text: security concerns

question: Was firmware update 3.21 optional or mandatory if users wanted to continue accessing the PS Network?

answer: mandatory

text: mandatory

question: Which PS3 model never included OtherOS?

answer: PS Slim

text: PS Slim

question: What legal action did some disgruntled OtherOS users take against Sony?

answer: class action lawsuits

text: class action lawsuits


text: A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: A

text: global

text: city

text: Boston

text: is

text: placed

text: among

text: the

text: top

text: most

text: economically

text: powerful

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Encompassing

text: billion

text: the

text: Greater

text: Boston

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: has

text: the

text: sixth

text: largest

text: economy

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: What rank does Boston hold as far as being an economically powerful city in the world?

answer: among the top 30

text: among the top 30

question: What is the economy of Boston?

answer: $363 billion

text: $363 billion

question: What ranking in the country does Greater Boston metro hold as far as economy?

answer: sixth-largest

text: sixth-largest

question: What ranking in the world does greater Boston metro hold as far as economy?

answer: 12th-largest


text: Traditionally, simple carbohydrates are believed to be absorbed quickly, and therefore to raise blood-glucose levels more rapidly than complex carbohydrates. This, however, is not accurate. Some simple carbohydrates (e.g., fructose) follow different metabolic pathways (e.g., fructolysis) that result in only a partial catabolism to glucose, while, in essence, many complex carbohydrates may be digested at the same rate as simple carbohydrates. Glucose stimulates the production of insulin through food entering the bloodstream, which is grasped by the beta cells in the pancreas.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Traditionally

text: simple

text: carbohydrates

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: absorbed

text: quickly

text: and

text: therefore

text: to

text: raise

text: blood

text: glucose

text: levels

text: more

text: rapidly

text: than

text: complex

text: carbohydrates

text: This

text: however

text: is

text: not

text: accurate

text: Some

text: simple

text: carbohydrates

text: e.g.

text: fructose

text: follow

text: different

text: metabolic

text: pathways

text: e.g.

text: fructolysis

text: that

text: result

text: in

text: only

text: a

text: partial

text: catabolism

text: to

text: glucose

text: while

text: in

text: essence

text: many

text: complex

text: carbohydrates

text: may

text: be

text: digested

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: rate

text: as

text: simple

text: carbohydrates

text: Glucose

text: stimulates

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: insulin

text: through

text: food

text: entering

text: the

text: bloodstream

text: which

text: is

text: grasped

text: by

text: the

text: beta

text: cells

text: in

text: the

text: pancreas

question: What was traditionally believed to be absorbed quickly causing blood - glucose levels to rapidly rise?

answer: simple carbohydrates

text: simple carbohydrates

question: What is an example of a simple carbohydrate?

answer: fructose

text: fructose

question: When simple carbohydrates undergo metabolic pathways, what do they result in after partial catabolism?

answer: glucose

text: glucose

question: What is glucose able to stimulate that is required in the human body?

answer: production of insulin

text: production of insulin

question: Where are beta cells that attach to insulin located?

answer: pancreas

text: pancreas


text: Neptune also resembles Uranus in its magnetosphere, with a magnetic field strongly tilted relative to its rotational axis at 47° and offset at least 0.55 radii, or about 13500 km from the planet's physical centre. Before Voyager 2's arrival at Neptune, it was hypothesised that Uranus's tilted magnetosphere was the result of its sideways rotation. In comparing the magnetic fields of the two planets, scientists now think the extreme orientation may be characteristic of flows in the planets' interiors. This field may be generated by convective fluid motions in a thin spherical shell of electrically conducting liquids (probably a combination of ammonia, methane and water) resulting in a dynamo action.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: Neptune

text: also

text: resembles

text: Uranus

text: in

text: its

text: magnetosphere

text: with

text: a

text: magnetic

text: field

text: strongly

text: tilted

text: relative

text: to

text: its

text: rotational

text: axis

text: at

text: and

text: offset

text: at

text: least

text: radii

text: or

text: about

text: km

text: from

text: the

text: planet

text: 's

text: physical

text: centre

text: Before

text: Voyager

text: 's

text: arrival

text: at

text: Neptune

text: it

text: was

text: hypothesised

text: that

text: Uranus

text: 's

text: tilted

text: magnetosphere

text: was

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: its

text: sideways

text: rotation

text: In

text: comparing

text: the

text: magnetic

text: fields

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: planets

text: scientists

text: now

text: think

text: the

text: extreme

text: orientation

text: may

text: be

text: characteristic

text: of

text: flows

text: in

text: the

text: planets

text: interiors

text: This

text: field

text: may

text: be

text: generated

text: by

text: convective

text: fluid

text: motions

text: in

text: a

text: thin

text: spherical

text: shell

text: of

text: electrically

text: conducting

text: liquids

text: probably

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: ammonia

text: methane

text: and

text: water

text: resulting

text: in

text: a

text: dynamo

text: action

question: What is the rotational axis of Neptune's magnetic field?

answer: 47°

question: Where is Neptune's magnetic field offset from the physical centre?

answer: 0.55 radii

text: 0.55 radii

question: What planet besides Neptune has a sideways rotation?

answer: Uranus's

text: Uranus's

question: What might cause Neptune's extreme orientation?

answer: flows in the planets' interiors

text: flows in the planets' interiors

question: What fluids are in Neptune's interior?

answer: ammonia, methane and water

text: ammonia, methane and water


text: In the United States, August Vollmer introduced other reforms, including education requirements for police officers. O.W. Wilson, a student of Vollmer, helped reduce corruption and introduce professionalism in Wichita, Kansas, and later in the Chicago Police Department. Strategies employed by O.W. Wilson included rotating officers from community to community to reduce their vulnerability to corruption, establishing of a non-partisan police board to help govern the police force, a strict merit system for promotions within the department, and an aggressive recruiting drive with higher police salaries to attract professionally qualified officers. During the professionalism era of policing, law enforcement agencies concentrated on dealing with felonies and other serious crime, rather than broader focus on crime prevention.

title: Police

title: Police

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: August

text: Vollmer

text: introduced

text: other

text: reforms

text: including

text: education

text: requirements

text: for

text: police

text: officers

text: O.W.

text: Wilson

text: a

text: student

text: of

text: Vollmer

text: helped

text: reduce

text: corruption

text: and

text: introduce

text: professionalism

text: in

text: Wichita

text: Kansas

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Police

text: Department

text: Strategies

text: employed

text: by

text: O.W.

text: Wilson

text: included

text: rotating

text: officers

text: from

text: community

text: to

text: community

text: to

text: reduce

text: their

text: vulnerability

text: to

text: corruption

text: establishing

text: of

text: a

text: non

text: partisan

text: police

text: board

text: to

text: help

text: govern

text: the

text: police

text: force

text: a

text: strict

text: merit

text: system

text: for

text: promotions

text: within

text: the

text: department

text: and

text: an

text: aggressive

text: recruiting

text: drive

text: with

text: higher

text: police

text: salaries

text: to

text: attract

text: professionally

text: qualified

text: officers

text: During

text: the

text: professionalism

text: era

text: of

text: policing

text: law

text: enforcement

text: agencies

text: concentrated

text: on

text: dealing

text: with

text: felonies

text: and

text: other

text: serious

text: crime

text: rather

text: than

text: broader

text: focus

text: on

text: crime

text: prevention

question: Who was O.W. Wilson a student of?

answer: August Vollmer

text: August Vollmer

question: Who introduced education requirements for US police?

answer: August Vollmer

text: August Vollmer

question: Why did Wilson rotate officers between communities?

answer: to reduce their vulnerability to corruption

text: to reduce their vulnerability to corruption

question: Where did Wilson reduce police corruption?

answer: Wichita, Kansas, and later in the Chicago Police Department

text: Wichita, Kansas, and later in the Chicago Police Department

question: How did Wilson recruit more qualified police?

answer: an aggressive recruiting drive with higher police salaries

text: an aggressive recruiting drive with higher police salaries


text: The rediscovery of Aristotle's works–more than 3000 pages of it would eventually be translated –fuelled a spirit of inquiry into natural processes that had already begun to emerge in the 12th century. Some scholars believe that these works represented one of the most important document discoveries in Western intellectual history. Richard Dales, for instance, calls the discovery of Aristotle's works "a turning point in the history of Western thought." After Aristotle re-emerged, a community of scholars, primarily communicating in Latin, accelerated the process and practice of attempting to reconcile the thoughts of Greek antiquity, and especially ideas related to understanding the natural world, with those of the church. The efforts of this "scholasticism" were focused on applying Aristotelian logic and thoughts about natural processes to biblical passages and attempting to prove the viability of those passages through reason. This became the primary mission of lecturers, and the expectation of students.

title: University

title: University

text: The

text: rediscovery

text: of

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: works

text: more

text: than

text: pages

text: of

text: it

text: would

text: eventually

text: be

text: translated

text: –fuelled

text: a

text: spirit

text: of

text: inquiry

text: into

text: natural

text: processes

text: that

text: had

text: already

text: begun

text: to

text: emerge

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Some

text: scholars

text: believe

text: that

text: these

text: works

text: represented

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: document

text: discoveries

text: in

text: Western

text: intellectual

text: history

text: Richard

text: Dales

text: for

text: instance

text: calls

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: works

text: a

text: turning

text: point

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Western

text: thought

text: After

text: Aristotle

text: re

text: emerged

text: a

text: community

text: of

text: scholars

text: primarily

text: communicating

text: in

text: Latin

text: accelerated

text: the

text: process

text: and

text: practice

text: of

text: attempting

text: to

text: reconcile

text: the

text: thoughts

text: of

text: Greek

text: antiquity

text: and

text: especially

text: ideas

text: related

text: to

text: understanding

text: the

text: natural

text: world

text: with

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: The

text: efforts

text: of

text: this

text: scholasticism

text: were

text: focused

text: on

text: applying

text: Aristotelian

text: logic

text: and

text: thoughts

text: about

text: natural

text: processes

text: to

text: biblical

text: passages

text: and

text: attempting

text: to

text: prove

text: the

text: viability

text: of

text: those

text: passages

text: through

text: reason

text: This

text: became

text: the

text: primary

text: mission

text: of

text: lecturers

text: and

text: the

text: expectation

text: of

text: students

question: Roughly how many pages of the works of Aristotle were translated by the 12th century?

answer: more than 3000 pages

text: more than 3000 pages

question: Richard Dales believes that the work of Aristotle represents the turning point of what?

answer: Western thought

text: Western thought

question: What word described the early attempts to understand the work of Aristotle?

answer: scholasticism

text: scholasticism

question: What faculty did scholars attempt to use to prove the thoughts of Aristotle?

answer: reason

text: reason

question: What language did 12th century scholars studying Aristotle speak in?

answer: Latin

text: Latin


text: Although not a centre for handicrafts itself, the patronage of the arts by the Mughals and Nizams attracted artisans from the region to Hyderabad. Such crafts include: Bidriware, a metalwork handicraft from neighbouring Karnataka, which was popularised during the 18th century and has since been granted a Geographical Indication (GI) tag under the auspices of the WTO act; and Zari and Zardozi, embroidery works on textile that involve making elaborate designs using gold, silver and other metal threads. Another example of a handicraft drawn to Hyderabad is Kalamkari, a hand-painted or block-printed cotton textile that comes from cities in Andhra Pradesh. This craft is distinguished in having both a Hindu style, known as Srikalahasti and entirely done by hand, and an Islamic style, known as Machilipatnam that uses both hand and block techniques. Examples of Hyderabad's arts and crafts are housed in various museums including the Salar Jung Museum (housing "one of the largest one-man-collections in the world"), the AP State Archaeology Museum, the Nizam Museum, the City Museum and the Birla Science Museum.

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: Although

text: not

text: a

text: centre

text: for

text: handicrafts

text: itself

text: the

text: patronage

text: of

text: the

text: arts

text: by

text: the

text: Mughals

text: and

text: Nizams

text: attracted

text: artisans

text: from

text: the

text: region

text: to

text: Hyderabad

text: Such

text: crafts

text: include

text: Bidriware

text: a

text: metalwork

text: handicraft

text: from

text: neighbouring

text: Karnataka

text: which

text: was

text: popularised

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: granted

text: a

text: Geographical

text: Indication

text: GI

text: tag

text: under

text: the

text: auspices

text: of

text: the

text: WTO

text: act

text: and

text: Zari

text: and

text: Zardozi

text: embroidery

text: works

text: on

text: textile

text: that

text: involve

text: making

text: elaborate

text: designs

text: using

text: gold

text: silver

text: and

text: other

text: metal

text: threads

text: Another

text: example

text: of

text: a

text: handicraft

text: drawn

text: to

text: Hyderabad

text: is

text: Kalamkari

text: a

text: hand

text: painted

text: or

text: block

text: printed

text: cotton

text: textile

text: that

text: comes

text: from

text: cities

text: in

text: Andhra

text: Pradesh

text: This

text: craft

text: is

text: distinguished

text: in

text: having

text: both

text: a

text: Hindu

text: style

text: known

text: as

text: Srikalahasti

text: and

text: entirely

text: done

text: by

text: hand

text: and

text: an

text: Islamic

text: style

text: known

text: as

text: Machilipatnam

text: that

text: uses

text: both

text: hand

text: and

text: block

text: techniques

text: Examples

text: of

text: Hyderabad

text: 's

text: arts

text: and

text: crafts

text: are

text: housed

text: in

text: various

text: museums

text: including

text: the

text: Salar

text: Jung

text: Museum

text: housing

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: one

text: man

text: collections

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: AP

text: State

text: Archaeology

text: Museum

text: the

text: Nizam

text: Museum

text: the

text: City

text: Museum

text: and

text: the

text: Birla

text: Science

text: Museum

question: In which century did metalwork become popular in Hyderabad?

answer: the 18th century

text: the 18th century

question: Under which act is the Geographical Indication tag granted?

answer: the WTO act

text: the WTO act

question: What is Zardozi an example of?

answer: embroidery works on textile

text: embroidery works on textile

question: What is Kalamkari?

answer: a hand-painted or block-printed cotton textile

text: a hand-painted or block-printed cotton textile

question: In what style is Kalamkari made?

answer: a Hindu style, known as Srikalahasti

text: a Hindu style, known as Srikalahasti


text: The English word scientist is relatively recent—first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century. Previously, people investigating nature called themselves natural philosophers. While empirical investigations of the natural world have been described since classical antiquity (for example, by Thales, Aristotle, and others), and scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages (for example, by Ibn al-Haytham, and Roger Bacon), the dawn of modern science is often traced back to the early modern period and in particular to the scientific revolution that took place in 16th- and 17th-century Europe. Scientific methods are considered to be so fundamental to modern science that some consider earlier inquiries into nature to be pre-scientific. Traditionally, historians of science have defined science sufficiently broadly to include those inquiries.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: The

text: English

text: word

text: scientist

text: is

text: relatively

text: recent

text: first

text: coined

text: by

text: William

text: Whewell

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Previously

text: people

text: investigating

text: nature

text: called

text: themselves

text: natural

text: philosophers

text: While

text: empirical

text: investigations

text: of

text: the

text: natural

text: world

text: have

text: been

text: described

text: since

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: for

text: example

text: by

text: Thales

text: Aristotle

text: and

text: others

text: and

text: scientific

text: methods

text: have

text: been

text: employed

text: since

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: for

text: example

text: by

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Haytham

text: and

text: Roger

text: Bacon

text: the

text: dawn

text: of

text: modern

text: science

text: is

text: often

text: traced

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: early

text: modern

text: period

text: and

text: in

text: particular

text: to

text: the

text: scientific

text: revolution

text: that

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: and

text: century

text: Europe

text: Scientific

text: methods

text: are

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: so

text: fundamental

text: to

text: modern

text: science

text: that

text: some

text: consider

text: earlier

text: inquiries

text: into

text: nature

text: to

text: be

text: pre

text: scientific

text: Traditionally

text: historians

text: of

text: science

text: have

text: defined

text: science

text: sufficiently

text: broadly

text: to

text: include

text: those

text: inquiries

question: Who coined the word "scientist"?

answer: William Whewell

text: William Whewell

question: When was the word "scientist" created?

answer: 19th century

text: 19th century

question: What are people who study nature called?

answer: natural philosophers

text: natural philosophers

question: Ibn al-Haytham and Roger Bacon were scientists in which time period?

answer: the Middle Ages

text: the Middle Ages

question: When was the beginning of modern science considered to be?

answer: the scientific revolution

text: the scientific revolution


text: The discovery of gold in Victoria in mid 1851 led to the Victorian gold rush, and Melbourne, which served as the major port and provided most services for the region, experienced rapid growth. Within months, the city's population had increased by nearly three-quarters, from 25,000 to 40,000 inhabitants. Thereafter, growth was exponential and by 1865, Melbourne had overtaken Sydney as Australia's most populous city. Additionally, Melbourne along with the Victorian regional cities of Ballarat and Geelong became the wealthiest cities in the world during the Gold Rush era.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: The

text: discovery

text: of

text: gold

text: in

text: Victoria

text: in

text: mid

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: Victorian

text: gold

text: rush

text: and

text: Melbourne

text: which

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: major

text: port

text: and

text: provided

text: most

text: services

text: for

text: the

text: region

text: experienced

text: rapid

text: growth

text: Within

text: months

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: had

text: increased

text: by

text: nearly

text: three

text: quarters

text: from

text: to

text: inhabitants

text: Thereafter

text: growth

text: was

text: exponential

text: and

text: by

text: Melbourne

text: had

text: overtaken

text: Sydney

text: as

text: Australia

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: Additionally

text: Melbourne

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Victorian

text: regional

text: cities

text: of

text: Ballarat

text: and

text: Geelong

text: became

text: the

text: wealthiest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: during

text: the

text: Gold

text: Rush

text: era

question: Melbourne experienced rapid growth after 1851 due to the discovery of what?

answer: gold

text: gold

question: Melbourne and which other regional cities became the wealthiest cities in the world during the Gold Rush era?

answer: Ballarat and Geelong

text: Ballarat and Geelong

question: How much did Melbourne's population increase within months of the gold rush?

answer: three-quarters, from 25,000 to 40,000 inhabitants

text: three-quarters, from 25,000 to 40,000 inhabitants

question: By what year had Melbourne overtaken Sydney as Australia's most populous city?

answer: 1865


text: In 1995 the National Lottery granted money for a £4.6m sports complex, to add to Eton's existing facilities of two swimming pools, 30 cricket squares, 24 football, rugby and hockey pitches and a gym. The College paid £200,000 and contributed 4.5 hectares of land in return for exclusive use of the facilities during the daytime only. The UK Sports Council defended the deal on the grounds that the whole community would benefit, while the bursar claimed that Windsor, Slough and Eton Athletic Club was "deprived" because local people (who were not pupils at the College) did not have a world-class running track and facilities to train with. Steve Osborn, director of the Safe Neighbourhoods Unit, described the decision as "staggering" given the background of a substantial reduction in youth services by councils across the country, a matter over which, however, neither the College nor the UK Sports Council, had any control. The facility, which became the Thames Valley Athletics Centre, opened in April 1999.

title: Eton_College

title: Eton_College

text: In

text: the

text: National

text: Lottery

text: granted

text: money

text: for

text: a

text: m

text: sports

text: complex

text: to

text: add

text: to

text: Eton

text: 's

text: existing

text: facilities

text: of

text: two

text: swimming

text: pools

text: cricket

text: squares

text: football

text: rugby

text: and

text: hockey

text: pitches

text: and

text: a

text: gym

text: The

text: College

text: paid

text: and

text: contributed

text: hectares

text: of

text: land

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: exclusive

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: facilities

text: during

text: the

text: daytime

text: only

text: The

text: UK

text: Sports

text: Council

text: defended

text: the

text: deal

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: that

text: the

text: whole

text: community

text: would

text: benefit

text: while

text: the

text: bursar

text: claimed

text: that

text: Windsor

text: Slough

text: and

text: Eton

text: Athletic

text: Club

text: was

text: deprived

text: because

text: local

text: people

text: who

text: were

text: not

text: pupils

text: at

text: the

text: College

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: world

text: class

text: running

text: track

text: and

text: facilities

text: to

text: train

text: with

text: Steve

text: Osborn

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: Safe

text: Neighbourhoods

text: Unit

text: described

text: the

text: decision

text: as

text: staggering

text: given

text: the

text: background

text: of

text: a

text: substantial

text: reduction

text: in

text: youth

text: services

text: by

text: councils

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: a

text: matter

text: over

text: which

text: however

text: neither

text: the

text: College

text: nor

text: the

text: UK

text: Sports

text: Council

text: had

text: any

text: control

text: The

text: facility

text: which

text: became

text: the

text: Thames

text: Valley

text: Athletics

text: Centre

text: opened

text: in

text: April

question: Who granted money to Eton for a sports complex in 1995?

answer: the National Lottery

text: the National Lottery

question: When did the Thames Valley Athletics Centre open?

answer: April 1999

text: April 1999

question: For what did the college pay a substancial sum and donate 4.5 hectres of land?

answer: in return for exclusive use of the facilities during the daytime only

text: in return for exclusive use of the facilities during the daytime only

question: How many cricket squares does Eton have?

answer: 30

question: How many swimming pools are located within Eton?

answer: two

text: two


text: Hunting-gathering was the common human mode of subsistence throughout the Paleolithic, but the observation of current-day hunters and gatherers does not necessarily reflect Paleolithic societies; the hunter-gatherer cultures examined today have had much contact with modern civilization and do not represent "pristine" conditions found in uncontacted peoples.

title: Hunter-gatherer

title: Hunter

title: gatherer

text: Hunting

text: gathering

text: was

text: the

text: common

text: human

text: mode

text: of

text: subsistence

text: throughout

text: the

text: Paleolithic

text: but

text: the

text: observation

text: of

text: current

text: day

text: hunters

text: and

text: gatherers

text: does

text: not

text: necessarily

text: reflect

text: Paleolithic

text: societies

text: the

text: hunter

text: gatherer

text: cultures

text: examined

text: today

text: have

text: had

text: much

text: contact

text: with

text: modern

text: civilization

text: and

text: do

text: not

text: represent

text: pristine

text: conditions

text: found

text: in

text: uncontacted

text: peoples

question: How do modern hunters and gathers differ from early ones?

answer: contact with modern civilization

text: contact with modern civilization

question: What type of conditions are not present in modern societies?

answer: pristine

text: pristine

question: Where do you find groups that represent pristine conditions?

answer: in uncontacted peoples

text: in uncontacted peoples

question: What do modern hunter-gatherers not reflect?

answer: Paleolithic societies

text: Paleolithic societies


text: Cacoyannis also directed Zorba the Greek with Anthony Quinn which received Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Film nominations. Finos Film also contributed to this period with movies such as Λατέρνα, Φτώχεια και Φιλότιμο, Madalena, Η Θεία από το Σικάγο, Το ξύλο βγήκε από τον Παράδεισο and many more. During the 1970s and 1980s Theo Angelopoulos directed a series of notable and appreciated movies. His film Eternity and a Day won the Palme d'Or and the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: Cacoyannis

text: also

text: directed

text: Zorba

text: the

text: Greek

text: with

text: Anthony

text: Quinn

text: which

text: received

text: Best

text: Director

text: Best

text: Adapted

text: Screenplay

text: and

text: Best

text: Film

text: nominations

text: Finos

text: Film

text: also

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: period

text: with

text: movies

text: such

text: as

text: Λατέρνα

text: Φτώχεια

text: και

text: Φιλότιμο

text: Madalena

text: Η

text: Θεία

text: από

text: το

text: Σικάγο

text: Το

text: ξύλο

text: βγήκε

text: από

text: τον

text: Παράδεισο

text: and

text: many

text: more

text: During

text: the

text: and

text: Theo

text: Angelopoulos

text: directed

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: notable

text: and

text: appreciated

text: movies

text: His

text: film

text: Eternity

text: and

text: a

text: Day

text: won

text: the

text: Palme

text: d'Or

text: and

text: the

text: Prize

text: of

text: the

text: Ecumenical

text: Jury

text: at

text: the

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

question: What other famous movie did Cacoyannis direct?

answer: Zorba the Greek

text: Zorba the Greek

question: Who starred in the movie Zorba the Greek?

answer: Anthony Quinn

text: Anthony Quinn

question: What film won the Palme d'Or at Cannes in 1998?

answer: Eternity and a Day

text: Eternity and a Day

question: Who directed the film Eternity and a Day?

answer: Theo Angelopoulos

text: Theo Angelopoulos


text: By May 14, the Ministry of Civil Affairs stated that 10.7 billion yuan (approximately US$1.5 billion) had been donated by the Chinese public. Houston Rockets center Yao Ming, one of the country's most popular sports icons, gave $214,000 and $71,000 to the Red Cross Society of China. The association has also collected a total of $26 million in donations so far. Other multinational firms located in China have also announced large amounts of donations.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: By

text: May

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Civil

text: Affairs

text: stated

text: that

text: billion

text: yuan

text: approximately

text: US$

text: billion

text: had

text: been

text: donated

text: by

text: the

text: Chinese

text: public

text: Houston

text: Rockets

text: center

text: Yao

text: Ming

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: most

text: popular

text: sports

text: icons

text: gave

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: Red

text: Cross

text: Society

text: of

text: China

text: The

text: association

text: has

text: also

text: collected

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: million

text: in

text: donations

text: so

text: far

text: Other

text: multinational

text: firms

text: located

text: in

text: China

text: have

text: also

text: announced

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: donations

question: How much did Yao Ming donate?

answer: $214,000 and $71,000

text: $214,000 and $71,000

question: How much did the Red Cross collect in donations?

answer: $26 million

text: $26 million

question: How much money had been donated by May 14?

answer: 10.7 billion yuan

text: 10.7 billion yuan

question: What group donated the 10.7 yuan?

answer: the Chinese public

text: the Chinese public

question: What famous basketball player made two large donations to the crisis?

answer: Yao Ming

text: Yao Ming

question: How much has the Red Cross Society  collected?

answer: 26 million

text: 26 million


text: The Plymouth Brethren are a conservative, low church, evangelical movement, whose history can be traced to Dublin, Ireland, in the late 1820s, originating from Anglicanism. Among other beliefs, the group emphasizes sola scriptura. Brethren generally see themselves not as a denomination, but as a network, or even as a collection of overlapping networks, of like-minded independent churches. Although the group refused for many years to take any denominational name to itself—a stance that some of them still maintain—the title The Brethren, is one that many of their number are comfortable with in that the Bible designates all believers as brethren.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: The

text: Plymouth

text: Brethren

text: are

text: a

text: conservative

text: low

text: church

text: evangelical

text: movement

text: whose

text: history

text: can

text: be

text: traced

text: to

text: Dublin

text: Ireland

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: originating

text: from

text: Anglicanism

text: Among

text: other

text: beliefs

text: the

text: group

text: emphasizes

text: sola

text: scriptura

text: Brethren

text: generally

text: see

text: themselves

text: not

text: as

text: a

text: denomination

text: but

text: as

text: a

text: network

text: or

text: even

text: as

text: a

text: collection

text: of

text: overlapping

text: networks

text: of

text: like

text: minded

text: independent

text: churches

text: Although

text: the

text: group

text: refused

text: for

text: many

text: years

text: to

text: take

text: any

text: denominational

text: name

text: to

text: itself

text: a

text: stance

text: that

text: some

text: of

text: them

text: still

text: maintain

text: the

text: title

text: The

text: Brethren

text: is

text: one

text: that

text: many

text: of

text: their

text: number

text: are

text: comfortable

text: with

text: in

text: that

text: the

text: Bible

text: designates

text: all

text: believers

text: as

text: brethren

question: Where do the Plymouth Brethren hail from?

answer: Dublin, Ireland

text: Dublin, Ireland

question: What belief is the emphasis of the Plymouth Brethren?

answer: sola scriptura

text: sola scriptura

question: Though the Plymouth Brethren do not have a denominational name, what name is generally used for them?

answer: The Brethren

text: The Brethren

question: When did the Plymouth Brethren originate?

answer: late 1820s

text: late 1820s

question: What denomination do the Brethren originate from?

answer: Anglicanism

text: Anglicanism


text: Philip II was a strong and expansionist king and he took every opportunity to expand Macedonian territory. In 352 BC he annexed Thessaly and Magnesia. In 338 BC, Philip defeated a combined Theban and Athenian army at the Battle of Chaeronea after a decade of desultory conflict. In the aftermath, Philip formed the League of Corinth, effectively bringing the majority of Greece under his direct sway. He was elected Hegemon of the league, and a campaign against the Achaemenid Empire of Persia was planned. However, while this campaign was in its early stages, he was assassinated.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Philip

text: II

text: was

text: a

text: strong

text: and

text: expansionist

text: king

text: and

text: he

text: took

text: every

text: opportunity

text: to

text: expand

text: Macedonian

text: territory

text: In

text: BC

text: he

text: annexed

text: Thessaly

text: and

text: Magnesia

text: In

text: BC

text: Philip

text: defeated

text: a

text: combined

text: Theban

text: and

text: Athenian

text: army

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Chaeronea

text: after

text: a

text: decade

text: of

text: desultory

text: conflict

text: In

text: the

text: aftermath

text: Philip

text: formed

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Corinth

text: effectively

text: bringing

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: Greece

text: under

text: his

text: direct

text: sway

text: He

text: was

text: elected

text: Hegemon

text: of

text: the

text: league

text: and

text: a

text: campaign

text: against

text: the

text: Achaemenid

text: Empire

text: of

text: Persia

text: was

text: planned

text: However

text: while

text: this

text: campaign

text: was

text: in

text: its

text: early

text: stages

text: he

text: was

text: assassinated

question: When did King Philip the II annex Thessaly and Magnesia?

answer: 352 BC

text: 352 BC

question: Who annexed Thessaly and Magnesia?

answer: Philip II

text: Philip II

question: When was the Battle of Chaeronea?

answer: 338 BC

text: 338 BC

question: Who formed the League of Corinth?

answer: Philip

text: Philip

question: Who was Philip II planning a campaign against when he was assasinated?

answer: Achaemenid Empire of Persia

text: Achaemenid Empire of Persia


text: Seattle (i/siˈætəl/) is a West Coast seaport city and the seat of King County. With an estimated 662,400 residents as of 2015[update], Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013 it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States, and remained in the top five in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%. The Seattle metropolitan area of around 3.6 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the United States. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 100 miles (160 km) south of the Canada–United States border. A major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the third largest port in North America in terms of container handling as of 2015.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: Seattle

text: i

text: siˈætəl/

text: is

text: a

text: West

text: Coast

text: seaport

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: King

text: County

text: With

text: an

text: estimated

text: residents

text: as

text: of

text: Seattle

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: both

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Washington

text: and

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Northwest

text: region

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: In

text: July

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: fastest

text: growing

text: major

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: remained

text: in

text: the

text: top

text: five

text: in

text: May

text: with

text: an

text: annual

text: growth

text: rate

text: of

text: The

text: Seattle

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: around

text: million

text: inhabitants

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: situated

text: on

text: an

text: isthmus

text: between

text: Puget

text: Sound

text: an

text: inlet

text: of

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: and

text: Lake

text: Washington

text: about

text: miles

text: km

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Canada

text: United

text: States

text: border

text: A

text: major

text: gateway

text: for

text: trade

text: with

text: Asia

text: Seattle

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: port

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: container

text: handling

text: as

text: of

question: Of which Washington county is Seattle the center?

answer: King County

text: King County

question: By 2015 what was Seattle's population?

answer: 662,400

question: What is Seattle's ranking in North America in terms of container processing?

answer: third largest

text: third largest

question: By what time was Seattle the most rapidly growing city in the US?

answer: July 2013

text: July 2013

question: How far away is the Canadian border from Seattle?

answer: 100 miles

text: 100 miles


text: iPods cannot play music files from competing music stores that use rival-DRM technologies like Microsoft's protected WMA or RealNetworks' Helix DRM. Example stores include Napster and MSN Music. RealNetworks claims that Apple is creating problems for itself by using FairPlay to lock users into using the iTunes Store. Steve Jobs stated that Apple makes little profit from song sales, although Apple uses the store to promote iPod sales. However, iPods can also play music files from online stores that do not use DRM, such as eMusic or Amie Street.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: iPods

text: can

text: not

text: play

text: music

text: files

text: from

text: competing

text: music

text: stores

text: that

text: use

text: rival

text: DRM

text: technologies

text: like

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: protected

text: WMA

text: or

text: RealNetworks

text: Helix

text: DRM

text: Example

text: stores

text: include

text: Napster

text: and

text: MSN

text: Music

text: RealNetworks

text: claims

text: that

text: Apple

text: is

text: creating

text: problems

text: for

text: itself

text: by

text: using

text: FairPlay

text: to

text: lock

text: users

text: into

text: using

text: the

text: iTunes

text: Store

text: Steve

text: Jobs

text: stated

text: that

text: Apple

text: makes

text: little

text: profit

text: from

text: song

text: sales

text: although

text: Apple

text: uses

text: the

text: store

text: to

text: promote

text: iPod

text: sales

text: However

text: iPods

text: can

text: also

text: play

text: music

text: files

text: from

text: online

text: stores

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: use

text: DRM

text: such

text: as

text: eMusic

text: or

text: Amie

text: Street

question: What are two stores which sell files with DRM not compatible with iPods?

answer: Napster and MSN Music

text: Napster and MSN Music

question: For what device's sales does Apple leverage the iTunes store?

answer: iPods

text: iPods

question: The iPod can play music from other online stores as long as they don't contain what feature?

answer: DRM

text: DRM


text: Political unification returned in the mid-16th century, due to the efforts of Taungoo, a former vassal state of Ava. Taungoo's young, ambitious king Tabinshwehti defeated the more powerful Hanthawaddy in the Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War (1534–41). His successor Bayinnaung went on to conquer a vast swath of mainland Southeast Asia including the Shan states, Lan Na, Manipur, Mong Mao, the Ayutthaya Kingdom, Lan Xang and southern Arakan. However, the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia unravelled soon after Bayinnaung's death in 1581, completely collapsing by 1599. Ayutthaya seized Tenasserim and Lan Na, and Portuguese mercenaries established Portuguese rule at Thanlyin (Syriam).

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: Political

text: unification

text: returned

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: efforts

text: of

text: Taungoo

text: a

text: former

text: vassal

text: state

text: of

text: Ava

text: Taungoo

text: 's

text: young

text: ambitious

text: king

text: Tabinshwehti

text: defeated

text: the

text: more

text: powerful

text: Hanthawaddy

text: in

text: the

text: Toungoo

text: Hanthawaddy

text: War

text: His

text: successor

text: Bayinnaung

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: conquer

text: a

text: vast

text: swath

text: of

text: mainland

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: including

text: the

text: Shan

text: states

text: Lan

text: Manipur

text: Mong

text: Mao

text: the

text: Ayutthaya

text: Kingdom

text: Lan

text: Xang

text: and

text: southern

text: Arakan

text: However

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: unravelled

text: soon

text: after

text: Bayinnaung

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: completely

text: collapsing

text: by

text: Ayutthaya

text: seized

text: Tenasserim

text: and

text: Lan

text: and

text: Portuguese

text: mercenaries

text: established

text: Portuguese

text: rule

text: at

text: Thanlyin

text: Syriam

question: Before attempting to obtain political unification, what title did Taungoo,hold ?

answer: a former vassal state of Ava.

text: a former vassal state of Ava.

question: Who was the ruling monarchy when Taungoo, was vassal?

answer: king Tabinshwehti

text: king Tabinshwehti

question: Who was the ruler of the largest kingdom in Southeast Asia ?

answer: Bayinnaung

text: Bayinnaung

question: In what year did the dynasty of Bayinnaung fully collapse ?

answer: 1599

question: Have any other countries ever established a foot hole in Burma?

answer: Portuguese mercenaries established Portuguese rule at Thanlyin (Syriam)

text: Portuguese mercenaries established Portuguese rule at Thanlyin (Syriam)


text: Baptists subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and that it must be done by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling). Other tenets of Baptist churches include soul competency (liberty), salvation through faith alone, Scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation. Baptists recognize two ministerial offices, pastors and deacons. Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant churches, though some Baptists disavow this identity.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: Baptists

text: subscribe

text: to

text: a

text: doctrine

text: that

text: baptism

text: should

text: be

text: performed

text: only

text: for

text: professing

text: believers

text: believer

text: 's

text: baptism

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: infant

text: baptism

text: and

text: that

text: it

text: must

text: be

text: done

text: by

text: complete

text: immersion

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: affusion

text: or

text: sprinkling

text: Other

text: tenets

text: of

text: Baptist

text: churches

text: include

text: soul

text: competency

text: liberty

text: salvation

text: through

text: faith

text: alone

text: Scripture

text: alone

text: as

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: faith

text: and

text: practice

text: and

text: the

text: autonomy

text: of

text: the

text: local

text: congregation

text: Baptists

text: recognize

text: two

text: ministerial

text: offices

text: pastors

text: and

text: deacons

text: Baptist

text: churches

text: are

text: widely

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: Protestant

text: churches

text: though

text: some

text: Baptists

text: disavow

text: this

text: identity

question: According to Baptists, who should have baptisms?

answer: professing believers

text: professing believers

question: What type of churches are most Baptists churches considered to be?

answer: Protestant

text: Protestant

question: What two offices do Baptists have?

answer: pastors and deacons

text: pastors and deacons

question: What type of baptism do Baptists conduct?

answer: complete immersion

text: complete immersion

question: What is another term for soul competency?

answer: liberty

text: liberty


text: Cyprus has two official languages, Greek and Turkish. Armenian and Cypriot Maronite Arabic are recognised as minority languages. Although without official status, English is widely spoken and it features widely on road signs, public notices, and in advertisements, etc. English was the sole official language during British colonial rule and the lingua franca until 1960, and continued to be used (de facto) in courts of law until 1989 and in legislation until 1996. 80.4% of Cypriots are proficient in the English language as a second language. Russian is widely spoken among the country's minorities, residents and citizens of post-Soviet countries, and Pontic Greeks. Russian, after English and Greek, is the third language used on many signs of shops and restaurants, particularly in Limassol and Paphos. In addition to these languages, 12% speak French and 5% speak German.

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: Cyprus

text: has

text: two

text: official

text: languages

text: Greek

text: and

text: Turkish

text: Armenian

text: and

text: Cypriot

text: Maronite

text: Arabic

text: are

text: recognised

text: as

text: minority

text: languages

text: Although

text: without

text: official

text: status

text: English

text: is

text: widely

text: spoken

text: and

text: it

text: features

text: widely

text: on

text: road

text: signs

text: public

text: notices

text: and

text: in

text: advertisements

text: etc

text: English

text: was

text: the

text: sole

text: official

text: language

text: during

text: British

text: colonial

text: rule

text: and

text: the

text: lingua

text: franca

text: until

text: and

text: continued

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: de

text: facto

text: in

text: courts

text: of

text: law

text: until

text: and

text: in

text: legislation

text: until

text: of

text: Cypriots

text: are

text: proficient

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: language

text: as

text: a

text: second

text: language

text: Russian

text: is

text: widely

text: spoken

text: among

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: minorities

text: residents

text: and

text: citizens

text: of

text: post

text: Soviet

text: countries

text: and

text: Pontic

text: Greeks

text: Russian

text: after

text: English

text: and

text: Greek

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: language

text: used

text: on

text: many

text: signs

text: of

text: shops

text: and

text: restaurants

text: particularly

text: in

text: Limassol

text: and

text: Paphos

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: these

text: languages

text: speak

text: French

text: and

text: speak

text: German

question: How many official languages does Cyprus have?

answer: two

text: two

question: What are the two official languages of Cyprus?

answer: Greek and Turkish

text: Greek and Turkish

question: What are the minority languages are spoken in Cyprus?

answer: Armenian and Cypriot Maronite Arabic

text: Armenian and Cypriot Maronite Arabic

question: Are there any Western languages spoken in Cyprus?

answer: English

text: English

question: Are there any Eastern languages spoken in Cyprus?

answer: Russian

text: Russian


text: The term aspiration sometimes refers to the sound change of debuccalization, in which a consonant is lenited (weakened) to become a glottal stop or fricative [ʔ h ɦ].

title: Aspirated_consonant

title: Aspirated_consonant

text: The

text: term

text: aspiration

text: sometimes

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: sound

text: change

text: of

text: debuccalization

text: in

text: which

text: a

text: consonant

text: is

text: lenited

text: weakened

text: to

text: become

text: a

text: glottal

text: stop

text: or

text: fricative

text: ʔ

text: h

text: ɦ

question: Aspiration may refer to a sound change of what?

answer: debuccalization

text: debuccalization

question: Debuccalization is when consonants are weakened to become what?

answer: glottal stop or fricative

text: glottal stop or fricative

question: What is another term for a consonant being weakened?

answer: lenited

text: lenited


text: Wilhelm Erb's (1874) "intensive" theory, that a pain signal can be generated by intense enough stimulation of any sensory receptor, has been soundly disproved. Some sensory fibers do not differentiate between noxious and non-noxious stimuli, while others, nociceptors, respond only to noxious, high intensity stimuli. At the peripheral end of the nociceptor, noxious stimuli generate currents that, above a given threshold, begin to send signals along the nerve fiber to the spinal cord. The "specificity" (whether it responds to thermal, chemical or mechanical features of its environment) of a nociceptor is determined by which ion channels it expresses at its peripheral end. Dozens of different types of nociceptor ion channels have so far been identified, and their exact functions are still being determined.

title: Pain

title: Pain

text: Wilhelm

text: Erb

text: 's

text: intensive

text: theory

text: that

text: a

text: pain

text: signal

text: can

text: be

text: generated

text: by

text: intense

text: enough

text: stimulation

text: of

text: any

text: sensory

text: receptor

text: has

text: been

text: soundly

text: disproved

text: Some

text: sensory

text: fibers

text: do

text: not

text: differentiate

text: between

text: noxious

text: and

text: non

text: noxious

text: stimuli

text: while

text: others

text: nociceptors

text: respond

text: only

text: to

text: noxious

text: high

text: intensity

text: stimuli

text: At

text: the

text: peripheral

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: nociceptor

text: noxious

text: stimuli

text: generate

text: currents

text: that

text: above

text: a

text: given

text: threshold

text: begin

text: to

text: send

text: signals

text: along

text: the

text: nerve

text: fiber

text: to

text: the

text: spinal

text: cord

text: The

text: specificity

text: whether

text: it

text: responds

text: to

text: thermal

text: chemical

text: or

text: mechanical

text: features

text: of

text: its

text: environment

text: of

text: a

text: nociceptor

text: is

text: determined

text: by

text: which

text: ion

text: channels

text: it

text: expresses

text: at

text: its

text: peripheral

text: end

text: Dozens

text: of

text: different

text: types

text: of

text: nociceptor

text: ion

text: channels

text: have

text: so

text: far

text: been

text: identified

text: and

text: their

text: exact

text: functions

text: are

text: still

text: being

text: determined

question: What type of signal can be generated by intense enough stimulation of any sensory receptor?

answer: pain

text: pain

question: What types of stimuli can't some sensory fibers differentiate between?

answer: noxious and non-noxious

text: noxious and non-noxious

question: What type of stimuli do nociceptors response to?

answer: noxious, high intensity

text: noxious, high intensity

question: How many different types of ion channels have so far been identified?

answer: Dozens

text: Dozens

question: What does stimuli generate to send signals along a nerve fiber?

answer: currents

text: currents


text: If matter and energy are seen as necessary to explain the physical world, but incapable of explaining mind, dualism results. Emergence, holism, and process philosophy seek to ameliorate the perceived shortcomings of traditional (especially mechanistic) materialism without abandoning materialism entirely.

title: Materialism

title: Materialism

text: If

text: matter

text: and

text: energy

text: are

text: seen

text: as

text: necessary

text: to

text: explain

text: the

text: physical

text: world

text: but

text: incapable

text: of

text: explaining

text: mind

text: dualism

text: results

text: Emergence

text: holism

text: and

text: process

text: philosophy

text: seek

text: to

text: ameliorate

text: the

text: perceived

text: shortcomings

text: of

text: traditional

text: especially

text: mechanistic

text: materialism

text: without

text: abandoning

text: materialism

text: entirely

question: What 3 types of philosophies attempt to correct the problem with matter and energy without removing every belief about materialism?

answer: Emergence, holism, and process philosophy

text: Emergence, holism, and process philosophy


text: The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany. The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome. However, see omics for a more thorough discussion. A few related -ome words already existed—such as biome, rhizome, forming a vocabulary into which genome fits systematically.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: by

text: Hans

text: Winkler

text: professor

text: of

text: botany

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Hamburg

text: Germany

text: The

text: Oxford

text: Dictionary

text: suggests

text: the

text: name

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: blend

text: of

text: the

text: words

text: gene

text: and

text: chromosome

text: However

text: see

text: omics

text: for

text: a

text: more

text: thorough

text: discussion

text: A

text: few

text: related

text: -ome

text: words

text: already

text: existed

text: such

text: as

text: biome

text: rhizome

text: forming

text: a

text: vocabulary

text: into

text: which

text: genome

text: fits

text: systematically

question: Who coined the word genome?

answer: Hans Winkler

text: Hans Winkler

question: In what year was the word genome first created?

answer: 1920

question: At what university was Hans Winkler employed when he created the word genome?

answer: University of Hamburg

text: University of Hamburg

question: Which two similar words share etymology with genome?

answer: biome, rhizome

text: biome, rhizome


text: Lawrence Houston, head counsel of the SSU, CIG, and, later CIA, was a principle draftsman of the National Security Act of 1947 which dissolved the NIA and the CIG, and established both the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1949, Houston would help draft the Central Intelligence Agency Act, (Public law 81-110) which authorized the agency to use confidential fiscal and administrative procedures, and exempted it from most limitations on the use of Federal funds. It also exempted the CIA from having to disclose its "organization, functions, officials, titles, salaries, or numbers of personnel employed." It created the program "PL-110", to handle defectors and other "essential aliens" who fell outside normal immigration procedures.

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

text: Lawrence

text: Houston

text: head

text: counsel

text: of

text: the

text: SSU

text: CIG

text: and

text: later

text: CIA

text: was

text: a

text: principle

text: draftsman

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Security

text: Act

text: of

text: which

text: dissolved

text: the

text: NIA

text: and

text: the

text: CIG

text: and

text: established

text: both

text: the

text: National

text: Security

text: Council

text: and

text: the

text: Central

text: Intelligence

text: Agency

text: In

text: Houston

text: would

text: help

text: draft

text: the

text: Central

text: Intelligence

text: Agency

text: Act

text: Public

text: law

text: which

text: authorized

text: the

text: agency

text: to

text: use

text: confidential

text: fiscal

text: and

text: administrative

text: procedures

text: and

text: exempted

text: it

text: from

text: most

text: limitations

text: on

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: Federal

text: funds

text: It

text: also

text: exempted

text: the

text: CIA

text: from

text: having

text: to

text: disclose

text: its

text: organization

text: functions

text: officials

text: titles

text: salaries

text: or

text: numbers

text: of

text: personnel

text: employed

text: It

text: created

text: the

text: program

text: to

text: handle

text: defectors

text: and

text: other

text: essential

text: aliens

text: who

text: fell

text: outside

text: normal

text: immigration

text: procedures

question: Which act got rid of the NIA and the CIG?

answer: National Security Act

text: National Security Act

question: What program handled "essential aliens" that did not fall under normal immigration policies?

answer: PL-110

question: Lawrence Houston helped to draft what act in 1949?

answer: Central Intelligence Agency Act

text: Central Intelligence Agency Act


text: Multi-color LEDs offer not merely another means to form white light but a new means to form light of different colors. Most perceivable colors can be formed by mixing different amounts of three primary colors. This allows precise dynamic color control. As more effort is devoted to investigating this method, multi-color LEDs should have profound influence on the fundamental method that we use to produce and control light color. However, before this type of LED can play a role on the market, several technical problems must be solved. These include that this type of LED's emission power decays exponentially with rising temperature, resulting in a substantial change in color stability. Such problems inhibit and may preclude industrial use. Thus, many new package designs aimed at solving this problem have been proposed and their results are now being reproduced by researchers and scientists.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: Multi

text: color

text: LEDs

text: offer

text: not

text: merely

text: another

text: means

text: to

text: form

text: white

text: light

text: but

text: a

text: new

text: means

text: to

text: form

text: light

text: of

text: different

text: colors

text: Most

text: perceivable

text: colors

text: can

text: be

text: formed

text: by

text: mixing

text: different

text: amounts

text: of

text: three

text: primary

text: colors

text: This

text: allows

text: precise

text: dynamic

text: color

text: control

text: As

text: more

text: effort

text: is

text: devoted

text: to

text: investigating

text: this

text: method

text: multi

text: color

text: LEDs

text: should

text: have

text: profound

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: fundamental

text: method

text: that

text: we

text: use

text: to

text: produce

text: and

text: control

text: light

text: color

text: However

text: before

text: this

text: type

text: of

text: LED

text: can

text: play

text: a

text: role

text: on

text: the

text: market

text: several

text: technical

text: problems

text: must

text: be

text: solved

text: These

text: include

text: that

text: this

text: type

text: of

text: LED

text: 's

text: emission

text: power

text: decays

text: exponentially

text: with

text: rising

text: temperature

text: resulting

text: in

text: a

text: substantial

text: change

text: in

text: color

text: stability

text: Such

text: problems

text: inhibit

text: and

text: may

text: preclude

text: industrial

text: use

text: Thus

text: many

text: new

text: package

text: designs

text: aimed

text: at

text: solving

text: this

text: problem

text: have

text: been

text: proposed

text: and

text: their

text: results

text: are

text: now

text: being

text: reproduced

text: by

text: researchers

text: and

text: scientists

question: Multi-color LEDs offer what else besides the formation of white light?

answer: to form light of different colors

text: to form light of different colors

question: What problem must be solved before multi-color LEDs can play a role in the market?

answer: power decays exponentially with rising temperature

text: power decays exponentially with rising temperature

question: What problem results when rising temperatures decays power?

answer: substantial change in color stability

text: substantial change in color stability


text: In the aftermath of the 1986 U.S. attack, the army was purged of perceived disloyal elements, and in 1988, Gaddafi announced the creation of a popular militia to replace the army and police. In 1987, Libya began production of mustard gas at a facility in Rabta, although publicly denying it was stockpiling chemical weapons, and unsuccessfully attempted to develop nuclear weapons. The period also saw a growth in domestic Islamist opposition, formulated into groups like the Muslim Brotherhood and the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group. A number of assassination attempts against Gaddafi were foiled, and in turn, 1989 saw the security forces raid mosques believed to be centres of counter-revolutionary preaching. In October 1993, elements of the increasingly marginalised army initiated a failed coup in Misrata, while in September 1995, Islamists launched an insurgency in Benghazi, and in July 1996 an anti-Gaddafist football riot broke out in Tripoli. The Revolutionary Committees experienced a resurgence to combat these Islamists.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: In

text: the

text: aftermath

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: attack

text: the

text: army

text: was

text: purged

text: of

text: perceived

text: disloyal

text: elements

text: and

text: in

text: Gaddafi

text: announced

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: a

text: popular

text: militia

text: to

text: replace

text: the

text: army

text: and

text: police

text: In

text: Libya

text: began

text: production

text: of

text: mustard

text: gas

text: at

text: a

text: facility

text: in

text: Rabta

text: although

text: publicly

text: denying

text: it

text: was

text: stockpiling

text: chemical

text: weapons

text: and

text: unsuccessfully

text: attempted

text: to

text: develop

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: The

text: period

text: also

text: saw

text: a

text: growth

text: in

text: domestic

text: Islamist

text: opposition

text: formulated

text: into

text: groups

text: like

text: the

text: Muslim

text: Brotherhood

text: and

text: the

text: Libyan

text: Islamic

text: Fighting

text: Group

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: assassination

text: attempts

text: against

text: Gaddafi

text: were

text: foiled

text: and

text: in

text: turn

text: saw

text: the

text: security

text: forces

text: raid

text: mosques

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: centres

text: of

text: counter

text: revolutionary

text: preaching

text: In

text: October

text: elements

text: of

text: the

text: increasingly

text: marginalised

text: army

text: initiated

text: a

text: failed

text: coup

text: in

text: Misrata

text: while

text: in

text: September

text: Islamists

text: launched

text: an

text: insurgency

text: in

text: Benghazi

text: and

text: in

text: July

text: an

text: anti

text: Gaddafist

text: football

text: riot

text: broke

text: out

text: in

text: Tripoli

text: The

text: Revolutionary

text: Committees

text: experienced

text: a

text: resurgence

text: to

text: combat

text: these

text: Islamists

question: What bodies were intended to be replaced by the popular militia created in 1988?

answer: army and police

text: army and police

question: Where did Libya manufacture mustard gas?

answer: Rabta

text: Rabta

question: What chemical weapon did Libya start making in 1987?

answer: mustard gas

text: mustard gas

question: Where did an abortive coup occur in 1993?

answer: Misrata

text: Misrata

question: Where did a Muslim insurgency take place in 1995?

answer: Benghazi

text: Benghazi


text: Hokkien /hɒˈkiɛn/ (traditional Chinese: 福建話; simplified Chinese: 福建话; pinyin: Fújiànhuà; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hok-kiàn oē) or Quanzhang (Quanzhou–Zhangzhou / Chinchew–Changchew; BP: Zuánziū–Ziāngziū) is a group of mutually intelligible Min Nan Chinese dialects spoken throughout Southeast Asia, Taiwan, and by many other overseas Chinese. Hokkien originated from a dialect in southern Fujian. It is closely related to the Teochew, though mutual comprehension is difficult, and is somewhat more distantly related to Hainanese. Besides Hokkien, there are also other Min and Hakka dialects in Fujian province, most of which are not mutually intelligible with Hokkien.

title: Hokkien

title: Hokkien

text: Hokkien

text: /hɒˈkiɛn/

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: 福建話

text: simplified

text: Chinese

text: 福建话

text: pinyin

text: Fújiànhuà

text: Pe̍h

text: ōe

text: jī

text: Hok

text: kiàn

text: oē

text: or

text: Quanzhang

text: Quanzhou

text: Zhangzhou

text: Chinchew

text: Changchew

text: BP

text: Zuánziū

text: Ziāngziū

text: is

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: Min

text: Chinese

text: dialects

text: spoken

text: throughout

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: Taiwan

text: and

text: by

text: many

text: other

text: overseas

text: Chinese

text: Hokkien

text: originated

text: from

text: a

text: dialect

text: in

text: southern

text: Fujian

text: It

text: is

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: Teochew

text: though

text: mutual

text: comprehension

text: is

text: difficult

text: and

text: is

text: somewhat

text: more

text: distantly

text: related

text: to

text: Hainanese

text: Besides

text: Hokkien

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: other

text: Min

text: and

text: Hakka

text: dialects

text: in

text: Fujian

text: province

text: most

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: not

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: with

text: Hokkien

question: Where did Hokkien originate?

answer: southern Fujian.

text: southern Fujian.

question: What dialect is Hokkien closely related to?

answer: Teochew

text: Teochew

question: What is Hokkien?

answer: a group of mutually intelligible Min Nan Chinese dialects spoken throughout Southeast Asia, Taiwan, and by many other overseas Chinese.

text: a group of mutually intelligible Min Nan Chinese dialects spoken throughout Southeast Asia, Taiwan, and by many other overseas Chinese.

question: Where is Hokkien spoken?

answer: Southeast Asia

text: Southeast Asia

question: Where did Hokkien originate?

answer: southern Fujian

text: southern Fujian

question: What language is Hokkien closely related to?

answer: Teochew

text: Teochew

question: What language is Hokkien distantly related to?

answer: Hainanese

text: Hainanese

question: Min and Hakka dialects are found where?

answer: Fujian province

text: Fujian province