text: This view of 'diplomatic drift' as the cause of the war was first popularised by A. W, Kinglake, who portrayed the British as victims of newspaper sensationalism and duplicitous French and Ottoman diplomacy. More recently, the historians Andrew Lambert and Winfried Baumgart have argued that, first, Britain was following a geopolitical strategy in aiming to destroy a fledgling Russian Navy which might challenge the Royal Navy for control of the seas, and second that the war was a joint European response to a century of Russian expansion not just southwards but also into western Europe.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: This

text: view

text: of

text: diplomatic

text: drift

text: as

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: was

text: first

text: popularised

text: by

text: A.

text: W

text: Kinglake

text: who

text: portrayed

text: the

text: British

text: as

text: victims

text: of

text: newspaper

text: sensationalism

text: and

text: duplicitous

text: French

text: and

text: Ottoman

text: diplomacy

text: More

text: recently

text: the

text: historians

text: Andrew

text: Lambert

text: and

text: Winfried

text: Baumgart

text: have

text: argued

text: that

text: first

text: Britain

text: was

text: following

text: a

text: geopolitical

text: strategy

text: in

text: aiming

text: to

text: destroy

text: a

text: fledgling

text: Russian

text: Navy

text: which

text: might

text: challenge

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: for

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: seas

text: and

text: second

text: that

text: the

text: war

text: was

text: a

text: joint

text: European

text: response

text: to

text: a

text: century

text: of

text: Russian

text: expansion

text: not

text: just

text: southwards

text: but

text: also

text: into

text: western

text: Europe

question: Who made the view of diplomatic drift popular?

answer: A. W, Kinglake

text: A. W, Kinglake

question: What did A.W Kinglake make the British out to be?

answer: as victims

text: as victims

question: Who believed Britain was following a strategy when trying to destroy Russian Navy?

answer: Andrew Lambert and Winfried Baumgart

text: Andrew Lambert and Winfried Baumgart


text: Professional anthropological bodies often object to the use of anthropology for the benefit of the state. Their codes of ethics or statements may proscribe anthropologists from giving secret briefings. The Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth (ASA) has called certain scholarship ethically dangerous. The AAA's current 'Statement of Professional Responsibility' clearly states that "in relation with their own government and with host governments ... no secret research, no secret reports or debriefings of any kind should be agreed to or given."

title: Anthropology

title: Anthropology

text: Professional

text: anthropological

text: bodies

text: often

text: object

text: to

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: anthropology

text: for

text: the

text: benefit

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: Their

text: codes

text: of

text: ethics

text: or

text: statements

text: may

text: proscribe

text: anthropologists

text: from

text: giving

text: secret

text: briefings

text: The

text: Association

text: of

text: Social

text: Anthropologists

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: Commonwealth

text: ASA

text: has

text: called

text: certain

text: scholarship

text: ethically

text: dangerous

text: The

text: AAA

text: 's

text: current

text: Statement

text: of

text: Professional

text: Responsibility

text: clearly

text: states

text: that

text: in

text: relation

text: with

text: their

text: own

text: government

text: and

text: with

text: host

text: governments

text: no

text: secret

text: research

text: no

text: secret

text: reports

text: or

text: debriefings

text: of

text: any

text: kind

text: should

text: be

text: agreed

text: to

text: or

text: given

question: What do groups of anthropologists object to the use of anthropology for benefit of?

answer: the state

text: the state

question: What type of briefings are forbidden for members of certain anthropologist bodies to give?

answer: secret

text: secret

question: What has the ASA identified as being ethically dangerous?

answer: certain scholarship

text: certain scholarship

question: Who penned a "Statement of Professional Responsibility"?

answer: The AAA

text: The AAA

question: Secret research and reports are things which should never be what?

answer: given

text: given


text: Tuition at KU is 13 percent below the national average, according to the College Board, and the University remains a best buy in the region.[citation needed]

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: Tuition

text: at

text: KU

text: is

text: percent

text: below

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: College

text: Board

text: and

text: the

text: University

text: remains

text: a

text: best

text: buy

text: in

text: the

text: region.[citation

text: needed

question: Who provides statistics on educational costs?

answer: the College Board

text: the College Board

question: What is a phrase that expresses the value of the education offered at KU with respect to its cost?

answer: best buy

text: best buy


text: In the autumn of 2009, Glee featured the fictional high school's show choir singing "Somebody to Love" as their second act performance in the episode "The Rhodes Not Taken". The performance was included on the show's Volume 1 soundtrack CD. In June 2010, the choir performed "Another One Bites the Dust" in the episode "Funk". The following week's episode, "Journey to Regionals", features a rival choir performing "Bohemian Rhapsody" in its entirety. The song was featured on the episode's EP. In May 2012, the choir performed "We Are the Champions" in the episode "Nationals", and the song features in The Graduation Album.

title: Queen_(band)

title: Queen_(band

text: In

text: the

text: autumn

text: of

text: Glee

text: featured

text: the

text: fictional

text: high

text: school

text: 's

text: show

text: choir

text: singing

text: Somebody

text: to

text: Love

text: as

text: their

text: second

text: act

text: performance

text: in

text: the

text: episode

text: The

text: Rhodes

text: Not

text: Taken

text: The

text: performance

text: was

text: included

text: on

text: the

text: show

text: 's

text: Volume

text: soundtrack

text: CD

text: In

text: June

text: the

text: choir

text: performed

text: Another

text: One

text: Bites

text: the

text: Dust

text: in

text: the

text: episode

text: Funk

text: The

text: following

text: week

text: 's

text: episode

text: Journey

text: to

text: Regionals

text: features

text: a

text: rival

text: choir

text: performing

text: Bohemian

text: Rhapsody

text: in

text: its

text: entirety

text: The

text: song

text: was

text: featured

text: on

text: the

text: episode

text: 's

text: EP

text: In

text: May

text: the

text: choir

text: performed

text: We

text: Are

text: the

text: Champions

text: in

text: the

text: episode

text: Nationals

text: and

text: the

text: song

text: features

text: in

text: The

text: Graduation

text: Album

question: Which Queen song was featured in the autumn of 2009 on Glee

answer: Somebody to Love

text: Somebody to Love

question: What Queen song did the Glee choir perform in June 2010?

answer: Another One Bites the Dust

text: Another One Bites the Dust

question: What Queen song was performed on a May 2012 episode of Glee?

answer: We Are the Champions

text: We Are the Champions

question: What Queen song is featured on Glee's The Graduation Album?

answer: We Are the Champions

text: We Are the Champions


text: The state of obesity clearly contributes to insulin resistance, which in turn can cause type 2 diabetes. Virtually all obese and most type 2 diabetic individuals have marked insulin resistance. Although the association between overweight and insulin resistance is clear, the exact (likely multifarious) causes of insulin resistance remain less clear. It is important to note that it has been demonstrated that appropriate exercise, more regular food intake, and reducing glycemic load (see below) all can reverse insulin resistance in overweight individuals (and thereby lower blood sugar levels in those with type 2 diabetes).

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: The

text: state

text: of

text: obesity

text: clearly

text: contributes

text: to

text: insulin

text: resistance

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: can

text: cause

text: type

text: diabetes

text: Virtually

text: all

text: obese

text: and

text: most

text: type

text: diabetic

text: individuals

text: have

text: marked

text: insulin

text: resistance

text: Although

text: the

text: association

text: between

text: overweight

text: and

text: insulin

text: resistance

text: is

text: clear

text: the

text: exact

text: likely

text: multifarious

text: causes

text: of

text: insulin

text: resistance

text: remain

text: less

text: clear

text: It

text: is

text: important

text: to

text: note

text: that

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: demonstrated

text: that

text: appropriate

text: exercise

text: more

text: regular

text: food

text: intake

text: and

text: reducing

text: glycemic

text: load

text: see

text: below

text: all

text: can

text: reverse

text: insulin

text: resistance

text: in

text: overweight

text: individuals

text: and

text: thereby

text: lower

text: blood

text: sugar

text: levels

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: type

text: diabetes

question: Insulin resistance has been strongly linked to which health issue?

answer: obesity

text: obesity

question: If someone struggles with insulin resistance, what kind of diabetes can develop as a result?

answer: type 2

text: type 2

question: Almost all individuals who suffer from type 2 diabetes and/or obesity are found to have which trait?

answer: marked insulin resistance

text: marked insulin resistance

question: Appropriate exercise and reducing glycemic load are two examples of ways to stimulate which process?

answer: reverse insulin resistance

text: reverse insulin resistance


text: Months before the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest, filmmakers George Butler and Robert Fiore persuaded Schwarzenegger to compete, in order to film his training in the bodybuilding documentary called Pumping Iron. Schwarzenegger had only three months to prepare for the competition, after losing significant weight to appear in the film Stay Hungry with Jeff Bridges. Lou Ferrigno proved not to be a threat, and a lighter-than-usual Schwarzenegger convincingly won the 1975 Mr. Olympia.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Months

text: before

text: the

text: Mr.

text: Olympia

text: contest

text: filmmakers

text: George

text: Butler

text: and

text: Robert

text: Fiore

text: persuaded

text: Schwarzenegger

text: to

text: compete

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: film

text: his

text: training

text: in

text: the

text: bodybuilding

text: documentary

text: called

text: Pumping

text: Iron

text: Schwarzenegger

text: had

text: only

text: three

text: months

text: to

text: prepare

text: for

text: the

text: competition

text: after

text: losing

text: significant

text: weight

text: to

text: appear

text: in

text: the

text: film

text: Stay

text: Hungry

text: with

text: Jeff

text: Bridges

text: Lou

text: Ferrigno

text: proved

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: threat

text: and

text: a

text: lighter

text: than

text: usual

text: Schwarzenegger

text: convincingly

text: won

text: the

text: Mr.

text: Olympia

question: What was the name of the bodybuilding film Schwarzenegger starred in?

answer: Pumping Iron

text: Pumping Iron

question: How much time did Schwarzenegger have to train for the 1975 Mr. Olympia competition?

answer: three months

text: three months

question: Who co-starred with Schwarzenegger in the film Stay Hungry?

answer: Jeff Bridges

text: Jeff Bridges


text: From seasons four to seven and nine, the twenty-four semi-finalists were divided by gender in order to ensure an equal gender division in the top twelve. The men and women sang separately on consecutive nights, and the bottom two in each groups were eliminated each week until only six of each remained to form the top twelve.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: From

text: seasons

text: four

text: to

text: seven

text: and

text: nine

text: the

text: twenty

text: four

text: semi

text: finalists

text: were

text: divided

text: by

text: gender

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: ensure

text: an

text: equal

text: gender

text: division

text: in

text: the

text: top

text: twelve

text: The

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: sang

text: separately

text: on

text: consecutive

text: nights

text: and

text: the

text: bottom

text: two

text: in

text: each

text: groups

text: were

text: eliminated

text: each

text: week

text: until

text: only

text: six

text: of

text: each

text: remained

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: top

text: twelve

question: How many semi-finalists were there in season 4?

answer: twenty-four

text: twenty-four

question: How were the semi-finalists divided in season four?

answer: by gender

text: by gender

question: How many men were in the top twelve on season five of American Idol?

answer: six

text: six

question: How many women were in the top twelve on season nine of American Idol?

answer: six

text: six

question: How many women were semi-finalists on season six of American Idol?

answer: twelve

text: twelve


text: The Liberal Party's organisation is dominated by the six state divisions, reflecting the party's original commitment to a federalised system of government (a commitment which was strongly maintained by all Liberal governments until 1983, but was to a large extent abandoned by the Howard Government, which showed strong centralising tendencies). Menzies deliberately created a weak national party machine and strong state divisions. Party policy is made almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members, although Liberal party members do have a degree of influence over party policy.

title: Liberal_Party_of_Australia

title: Liberal_Party_of_Australia

text: The

text: Liberal

text: Party

text: 's

text: organisation

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: six

text: state

text: divisions

text: reflecting

text: the

text: party

text: 's

text: original

text: commitment

text: to

text: a

text: federalised

text: system

text: of

text: government

text: a

text: commitment

text: which

text: was

text: strongly

text: maintained

text: by

text: all

text: Liberal

text: governments

text: until

text: but

text: was

text: to

text: a

text: large

text: extent

text: abandoned

text: by

text: the

text: Howard

text: Government

text: which

text: showed

text: strong

text: centralising

text: tendencies

text: Menzies

text: deliberately

text: created

text: a

text: weak

text: national

text: party

text: machine

text: and

text: strong

text: state

text: divisions

text: Party

text: policy

text: is

text: made

text: almost

text: entirely

text: by

text: the

text: parliamentary

text: parties

text: not

text: by

text: the

text: party

text: 's

text: rank

text: and

text: file

text: members

text: although

text: Liberal

text: party

text: members

text: do

text: have

text: a

text: degree

text: of

text: influence

text: over

text: party

text: policy

question: How many state divisions exist in the Liberal Party's organisation?

answer: six

text: six

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions to a weaker national party?

answer: Menzies

text: Menzies

question: Who makes party policy?

answer: almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members

text: almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members


text: 155th Street is a major crosstown street considered to form the boundary between Harlem and Washington Heights. It is the northernmost of the 155 crosstown streets mapped out in the Commissioner's Plan of 1811 that established the numbered street grid in Manhattan.

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

text: Street

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: crosstown

text: street

text: considered

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: boundary

text: between

text: Harlem

text: and

text: Washington

text: Heights

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: northernmost

text: of

text: the

text: crosstown

text: streets

text: mapped

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: Commissioner

text: 's

text: Plan

text: of

text: that

text: established

text: the

text: numbered

text: street

text: grid

text: in

text: Manhattan

question: How many crosstown streets are mapped in the Commissioner's Plan of 1811?

answer: 155

question: Which street is the northernmost of the streets mapped in the Commissioner's Plan of 1811?

answer: 155th Street

text: 155th Street

question: Which street forms the boundary between Harlem and Washington Heights?

answer: 155th Street

text: 155th Street

question: What document established Manhattan's numbered street grid?

answer: Commissioner's Plan of 1811

text: Commissioner's Plan of 1811

question: 155th Street forms the boundary between Harlem and what other neighborhood?

answer: Washington Heights

text: Washington Heights


text: Several notable video game developers criticized Microsoft for making its Windows Store a closed platform subject to its own regulations, as it conflicted with their view of the PC as an open platform. Markus "Notch" Persson (creator of the indie game Minecraft), Gabe Newell (co-founder of Valve Corporation and developer of software distribution platform Steam), and Rob Pardo from Activision Blizzard voiced concern about the closed nature of the Windows Store. However, Tom Warren of The Verge stated that Microsoft's addition of the Store was simply responding to the success of both Apple and Google in pursuing the "curated application store approach."

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: Several

text: notable

text: video

text: game

text: developers

text: criticized

text: Microsoft

text: for

text: making

text: its

text: Windows

text: Store

text: a

text: closed

text: platform

text: subject

text: to

text: its

text: own

text: regulations

text: as

text: it

text: conflicted

text: with

text: their

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: PC

text: as

text: an

text: open

text: platform

text: Markus

text: Notch

text: Persson

text: creator

text: of

text: the

text: indie

text: game

text: Minecraft

text: Gabe

text: Newell

text: co

text: founder

text: of

text: Valve

text: Corporation

text: and

text: developer

text: of

text: software

text: distribution

text: platform

text: Steam

text: and

text: Rob

text: Pardo

text: from

text: Activision

text: Blizzard

text: voiced

text: concern

text: about

text: the

text: closed

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: Windows

text: Store

text: However

text: Tom

text: Warren

text: of

text: The

text: Verge

text: stated

text: that

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: addition

text: of

text: the

text: Store

text: was

text: simply

text: responding

text: to

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: both

text: Apple

text: and

text: Google

text: in

text: pursuing

text: the

text: curated

text: application

text: store

text: approach

question: Who criticized Microsofts closed platform Windows Store?

answer: video game developers

text: video game developers

question: Who created Minecraft?

answer: Markus "Notch" Persson

text: Markus "Notch" Persson

question: Who developed Steam?

answer: Gabe Newell

text: Gabe Newell

question: What company is Rob Pardo associated with?

answer: Activision Blizzard

text: Activision Blizzard

question: What was the main reasoning behind the creation of the Windows Store?

answer: responding to the success of both Apple and Google in pursuing the "curated application store approach."

text: responding to the success of both Apple and Google in pursuing the "curated application store approach."


text: Regardless of the ability of the Luftwaffe to win air superiority, Adolf Hitler was frustrated that it was not happening quickly enough. With no sign of the RAF weakening, and Luftwaffe air fleets (Luftflotten) taking punishing losses, the OKL was keen for a change in strategy. To reduce losses further, a change in strategy was also favoured to take place at night, to give the bombers greater protection under cover of darkness.[b] On 4 September 1940, in a long address at the Sportspalast, Hitler declared: "And should the Royal Air Force drop two thousand, or three thousand [kilograms ...] then we will now drop [...] 300,000, 400,000, yes one million kilograms in a single night. And should they declare they will greatly increase their attacks on our cities, then we will erase their cities."

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: Regardless

text: of

text: the

text: ability

text: of

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: to

text: win

text: air

text: superiority

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: was

text: frustrated

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: happening

text: quickly

text: enough

text: With

text: no

text: sign

text: of

text: the

text: RAF

text: weakening

text: and

text: Luftwaffe

text: air

text: fleets

text: Luftflotten

text: taking

text: punishing

text: losses

text: the

text: OKL

text: was

text: keen

text: for

text: a

text: change

text: in

text: strategy

text: To

text: reduce

text: losses

text: further

text: a

text: change

text: in

text: strategy

text: was

text: also

text: favoured

text: to

text: take

text: place

text: at

text: night

text: to

text: give

text: the

text: bombers

text: greater

text: protection

text: under

text: cover

text: of

text: darkness.[b

text: On

text: September

text: in

text: a

text: long

text: address

text: at

text: the

text: Sportspalast

text: Hitler

text: declared

text: And

text: should

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: drop

text: two

text: thousand

text: or

text: three

text: thousand

text: kilograms

text: then

text: we

text: will

text: now

text: drop

text: yes

text: one

text: million

text: kilograms

text: in

text: a

text: single

text: night

text: And

text: should

text: they

text: declare

text: they

text: will

text: greatly

text: increase

text: their

text: attacks

text: on

text: our

text: cities

text: then

text: we

text: will

text: erase

text: their

text: cities

question: The Luftwaffe air fleets were taking what kind of losses?

answer: punishing

text: punishing

question: What did the punishing losses to the air fleet cause the Luftwaffe to do?

answer: change in strategy

text: change in strategy

question: What kind of strategy did the Luftwaffe use to give their bombers better protection?

answer: cover of darkness

text: cover of darkness

question: What city did Hitler give a speech where he said he would erase British cities?

answer: Sportspalast

text: Sportspalast

question: In what year did Hitler give the speech at Sportspalast?

answer: 1940


text: In August 1943 the Allies formed a new South East Asia Command (SEAC) to take over strategic responsibilities for Burma and India from the British India Command, under Wavell. In October 1943 Winston Churchill appointed Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten as its Supreme Commander. The British and Indian Fourteenth Army was formed to face the Japanese in Burma. Under Lieutenant General William Slim, its training, morale and health greatly improved. The American General Joseph Stilwell, who also was deputy commander to Mountbatten and commanded U.S. forces in the China Burma India Theater, directed aid to China and prepared to construct the Ledo Road to link India and China by land.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: In

text: August

text: the

text: Allies

text: formed

text: a

text: new

text: South

text: East

text: Asia

text: Command

text: SEAC

text: to

text: take

text: over

text: strategic

text: responsibilities

text: for

text: Burma

text: and

text: India

text: from

text: the

text: British

text: India

text: Command

text: under

text: Wavell

text: In

text: October

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: appointed

text: Admiral

text: Lord

text: Louis

text: Mountbatten

text: as

text: its

text: Supreme

text: Commander

text: The

text: British

text: and

text: Indian

text: Fourteenth

text: Army

text: was

text: formed

text: to

text: face

text: the

text: Japanese

text: in

text: Burma

text: Under

text: Lieutenant

text: General

text: William

text: Slim

text: its

text: training

text: morale

text: and

text: health

text: greatly

text: improved

text: The

text: American

text: General

text: Joseph

text: Stilwell

text: who

text: also

text: was

text: deputy

text: commander

text: to

text: Mountbatten

text: and

text: commanded

text: U.S.

text: forces

text: in

text: the

text: China

text: Burma

text: India

text: Theater

text: directed

text: aid

text: to

text: China

text: and

text: prepared

text: to

text: construct

text: the

text: Ledo

text: Road

text: to

text: link

text: India

text: and

text: China

text: by

text: land

question: What Allied command replaced the British India Command in August, 1943?

answer: South East Asia Command

text: South East Asia Command

question: Who was appointed Supreme Commander of the SEAC in October, 1943?

answer: Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten

text: Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten

question: Who was deputy commander to Mountbatten?

answer: General Joseph Stilwell

text: General Joseph Stilwell

question: What was the name of the new link between India and China by land?

answer: Ledo Road

text: Ledo Road

question: The British and Indian Fourteenth Army was formed to take on what force?

answer: Japanese in Burma

text: Japanese in Burma


text: According to Archibald Sayce, the primitive pictograms of the early Sumerian (i.e. Uruk) era suggest that "Stone was scarce, but was already cut into blocks and seals. Brick was the ordinary building material, and with it cities, forts, temples and houses were constructed. The city was provided with towers and stood on an artificial platform; the house also had a tower-like appearance. It was provided with a door which turned on a hinge, and could be opened with a sort of key; the city gate was on a larger scale, and seems to have been double. The foundation stones — or rather bricks — of a house were consecrated by certain objects that were deposited under them."

title: Sumer

title: Sumer

text: According

text: to

text: Archibald

text: Sayce

text: the

text: primitive

text: pictograms

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: Sumerian

text: i.e.

text: Uruk

text: era

text: suggest

text: that

text: Stone

text: was

text: scarce

text: but

text: was

text: already

text: cut

text: into

text: blocks

text: and

text: seals

text: Brick

text: was

text: the

text: ordinary

text: building

text: material

text: and

text: with

text: it

text: cities

text: forts

text: temples

text: and

text: houses

text: were

text: constructed

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: provided

text: with

text: towers

text: and

text: stood

text: on

text: an

text: artificial

text: platform

text: the

text: house

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: tower

text: like

text: appearance

text: It

text: was

text: provided

text: with

text: a

text: door

text: which

text: turned

text: on

text: a

text: hinge

text: and

text: could

text: be

text: opened

text: with

text: a

text: sort

text: of

text: key

text: the

text: city

text: gate

text: was

text: on

text: a

text: larger

text: scale

text: and

text: seems

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: double

text: The

text: foundation

text: stones

text: or

text: rather

text: bricks

text: of

text: a

text: house

text: were

text: consecrated

text: by

text: certain

text: objects

text: that

text: were

text: deposited

text: under

text: them

question: What does Archibald Sayce think early Sumerian pictograms suggest about the availability of stone?

answer: was scarce

text: was scarce

question: How did the Sumerians fashion the stone they cut?

answer: into blocks and seals

text: into blocks and seals

question: What was the ordinary building material of Sumerians?

answer: Brick

text: Brick

question: What were the foundation stones of Sumerian houses consecrated by?

answer: objects that were deposited under them

text: objects that were deposited under them

question: What kind of appearance did Sumerian houses have?

answer: tower-like

text: tower-like


text: There are many different shapes for dog tails: straight, straight up, sickle, curled, or cork-screw. As with many canids, one of the primary functions of a dog's tail is to communicate their emotional state, which can be important in getting along with others. In some hunting dogs, however, the tail is traditionally docked to avoid injuries. In some breeds, such as the Braque du Bourbonnais, puppies can be born with a short tail or no tail at all.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: different

text: shapes

text: for

text: dog

text: tails

text: straight

text: straight

text: up

text: sickle

text: curled

text: or

text: cork

text: screw

text: As

text: with

text: many

text: canids

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: primary

text: functions

text: of

text: a

text: dog

text: 's

text: tail

text: is

text: to

text: communicate

text: their

text: emotional

text: state

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: important

text: in

text: getting

text: along

text: with

text: others

text: In

text: some

text: hunting

text: dogs

text: however

text: the

text: tail

text: is

text: traditionally

text: docked

text: to

text: avoid

text: injuries

text: In

text: some

text: breeds

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Braque

text: du

text: Bourbonnais

text: puppies

text: can

text: be

text: born

text: with

text: a

text: short

text: tail

text: or

text: no

text: tail

text: at

text: all

question: What part of a dog can be straight, curly or cork-screwed?

answer: tails

text: tails

question: What does a dog communicate with its tail?

answer: emotional state

text: emotional state

question: What part of a dog can be straight, curled, or cork-screwed?

answer: tails

text: tails


text: Beginning in mid-2007, four major airlines, United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates, reached agreements to install iPod seat connections. The free service will allow passengers to power and charge an iPod, and view video and music libraries on individual seat-back displays. Originally KLM and Air France were reported to be part of the deal with Apple, but they later released statements explaining that they were only contemplating the possibility of incorporating such systems.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: Beginning

text: in

text: four

text: major

text: airlines

text: United

text: Continental

text: Delta

text: and

text: Emirates

text: reached

text: agreements

text: to

text: install

text: iPod

text: seat

text: connections

text: The

text: free

text: service

text: will

text: allow

text: passengers

text: to

text: power

text: and

text: charge

text: an

text: iPod

text: and

text: view

text: video

text: and

text: music

text: libraries

text: on

text: individual

text: seat

text: back

text: displays

text: Originally

text: KLM

text: and

text: Air

text: France

text: were

text: reported

text: to

text: be

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: deal

text: with

text: Apple

text: but

text: they

text: later

text: released

text: statements

text: explaining

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: only

text: contemplating

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: incorporating

text: such

text: systems

question: In 2007, which airlines made deals to include iPod connections on their planes?

answer: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates

text: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates

question: Where can people using iPods on planes view the device's interface?

answer: individual seat-back displays

text: individual seat-back displays

question: What are two airlines that considered implementing iPod connections but did not join the 2007 agreement?

answer: KLM and Air France

text: KLM and Air France

question: Which airlines first agreed to install seat connections for iPods?

answer: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates

text: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates

question: In what year did airlines first start to accommodate the iPod?

answer: 2007


text: The Museo Soumaya, named after the wife of Mexican magnate Carlos Slim, has the largest private collection of original Rodin sculptures outside Paris. It also has a large collection of Dalí sculptures, and recently began showing pieces in its masters collection including El Greco, Velázquez, Picasso and Canaletto. The museum inaugurated a new futuristic-design facility in 2011 just north of Polanco, while maintaining a smaller facility in Plaza Loreto in southern Mexico City. The Colección Júmex is a contemporary art museum located on the sprawling grounds of the Jumex juice company in the northern industrial suburb of Ecatepec. It is said to have the largest private contemporary art collection in Latin America and hosts pieces from its permanent collection as well as traveling exhibits by leading contemporary artists. The new Museo Júmex in Nuevo Polanco was slated to open in November 2013. The Museo de San Ildefonso, housed in the Antiguo Colegio de San Ildefonso in Mexico City's historic downtown district is a 17th-century colonnaded palace housing an art museum that regularly hosts world-class exhibits of Mexican and international art. Recent exhibits have included those on David LaChapelle, Antony Gormley and Ron Mueck. The National Museum of Art (Museo Nacional de Arte) is also located in a former palace in the historic center. It houses a large collection of pieces by all major Mexican artists of the last 400 years and also hosts visiting exhibits.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: The

text: Museo

text: Soumaya

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: wife

text: of

text: Mexican

text: magnate

text: Carlos

text: Slim

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: private

text: collection

text: of

text: original

text: Rodin

text: sculptures

text: outside

text: Paris

text: It

text: also

text: has

text: a

text: large

text: collection

text: of

text: Dalí

text: sculptures

text: and

text: recently

text: began

text: showing

text: pieces

text: in

text: its

text: masters

text: collection

text: including

text: El

text: Greco

text: Velázquez

text: Picasso

text: and

text: Canaletto

text: The

text: museum

text: inaugurated

text: a

text: new

text: futuristic

text: design

text: facility

text: in

text: just

text: north

text: of

text: Polanco

text: while

text: maintaining

text: a

text: smaller

text: facility

text: in

text: Plaza

text: Loreto

text: in

text: southern

text: Mexico

text: City

text: The

text: Colección

text: Júmex

text: is

text: a

text: contemporary

text: art

text: museum

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: sprawling

text: grounds

text: of

text: the

text: Jumex

text: juice

text: company

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: industrial

text: suburb

text: of

text: Ecatepec

text: It

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: the

text: largest

text: private

text: contemporary

text: art

text: collection

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: and

text: hosts

text: pieces

text: from

text: its

text: permanent

text: collection

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: traveling

text: exhibits

text: by

text: leading

text: contemporary

text: artists

text: The

text: new

text: Museo

text: Júmex

text: in

text: Nuevo

text: Polanco

text: was

text: slated

text: to

text: open

text: in

text: November

text: The

text: Museo

text: de

text: San

text: Ildefonso

text: housed

text: in

text: the

text: Antiguo

text: Colegio

text: de

text: San

text: Ildefonso

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: 's

text: historic

text: downtown

text: district

text: is

text: a

text: century

text: colonnaded

text: palace

text: housing

text: an

text: art

text: museum

text: that

text: regularly

text: hosts

text: world

text: class

text: exhibits

text: of

text: Mexican

text: and

text: international

text: art

text: Recent

text: exhibits

text: have

text: included

text: those

text: on

text: David

text: LaChapelle

text: Antony

text: Gormley

text: and

text: Ron

text: Mueck

text: The

text: National

text: Museum

text: of

text: Art

text: Museo

text: Nacional

text: de

text: Arte

text: is

text: also

text: located

text: in

text: a

text: former

text: palace

text: in

text: the

text: historic

text: center

text: It

text: houses

text: a

text: large

text: collection

text: of

text: pieces

text: by

text: all

text: major

text: Mexican

text: artists

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: years

text: and

text: also

text: hosts

text: visiting

text: exhibits

question: Who is the Museo Soumaya named after?

answer: the wife of Mexican magnate Carlos Slim

text: the wife of Mexican magnate Carlos Slim

question: What other famous sculpture has had his art displayed at the Museo Soumaya?

answer: Dalí

text: Dalí

question: How many years worth of art does the Museum in the historic center hold?

answer: 400

question: What city houses the only collection of Rodin sculptures that is larger than the one in Mexico City?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: When did the new design of the museum open?

answer: 2011


text: The first historical mention of the use of hops in beer was from 822 AD in monastery rules written by Adalhard the Elder, also known as Adalard of Corbie, though the date normally given for widespread cultivation of hops for use in beer is the thirteenth century. Before the thirteenth century, and until the sixteenth century, during which hops took over as the dominant flavouring, beer was flavoured with other plants; for instance, grains of paradise or alehoof. Combinations of various aromatic herbs, berries, and even ingredients like wormwood would be combined into a mixture known as gruit and used as hops are now used. Some beers today, such as Fraoch' by the Scottish Heather Ales company and Cervoise Lancelot by the French Brasserie-Lancelot company, use plants other than hops for flavouring.

title: Beer

title: Beer

text: The

text: first

text: historical

text: mention

text: of

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: hops

text: in

text: beer

text: was

text: from

text: AD

text: in

text: monastery

text: rules

text: written

text: by

text: Adalhard

text: the

text: Elder

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Adalard

text: of

text: Corbie

text: though

text: the

text: date

text: normally

text: given

text: for

text: widespread

text: cultivation

text: of

text: hops

text: for

text: use

text: in

text: beer

text: is

text: the

text: thirteenth

text: century

text: Before

text: the

text: thirteenth

text: century

text: and

text: until

text: the

text: sixteenth

text: century

text: during

text: which

text: hops

text: took

text: over

text: as

text: the

text: dominant

text: flavouring

text: beer

text: was

text: flavoured

text: with

text: other

text: plants

text: for

text: instance

text: grains

text: of

text: paradise

text: or

text: alehoof

text: Combinations

text: of

text: various

text: aromatic

text: herbs

text: berries

text: and

text: even

text: ingredients

text: like

text: wormwood

text: would

text: be

text: combined

text: into

text: a

text: mixture

text: known

text: as

text: gruit

text: and

text: used

text: as

text: hops

text: are

text: now

text: used

text: Some

text: beers

text: today

text: such

text: as

text: Fraoch

text: by

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Heather

text: Ales

text: company

text: and

text: Cervoise

text: Lancelot

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: Brasserie

text: Lancelot

text: company

text: use

text: plants

text: other

text: than

text: hops

text: for

text: flavouring

question: In what year were hops first known to be used in beer?

answer: 822 AD

text: 822 AD

question: What name was Adalhard the Elder also known as in 822 AD?

answer: Adalard of Corbie

text: Adalard of Corbie

question: In which century were hops first widely cultivated for making beer?

answer: the thirteenth century

text: the thirteenth century

question: In which century did hops become the most popular flavoring for beer?

answer: the sixteenth century

text: the sixteenth century

question: What would you call a mixture of ingredients used for brewing before the 16th century?

answer: gruit

text: gruit


text: Whitehead has had some influence on philosophy of business administration and organizational theory. This has led in part to a focus on identifying and investigating the effect of temporal events (as opposed to static things) within organizations through an “organization studies” discourse that accommodates a variety of 'weak' and 'strong' process perspectives from a number of philosophers. One of the leading figures having an explicitly Whiteheadian and panexperientialist stance towards management is Mark Dibben, who works in what he calls "applied process thought" to articulate a philosophy of management and business administration as part of a wider examination of the social sciences through the lens of process metaphysics. For Dibben, this allows "a comprehensive exploration of life as perpetually active experiencing, as opposed to occasional – and thoroughly passive – happening." Dibben has published two books on applied process thought, Applied Process Thought I: Initial Explorations in Theory and Research (2008), and Applied Process Thought II: Following a Trail Ablaze (2009), as well as other papers in this vein in the fields of philosophy of management and business ethics.

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: Whitehead

text: has

text: had

text: some

text: influence

text: on

text: philosophy

text: of

text: business

text: administration

text: and

text: organizational

text: theory

text: This

text: has

text: led

text: in

text: part

text: to

text: a

text: focus

text: on

text: identifying

text: and

text: investigating

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: temporal

text: events

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: static

text: things

text: within

text: organizations

text: through

text: an

text: organization

text: studies

text: discourse

text: that

text: accommodates

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: weak

text: and

text: strong

text: process

text: perspectives

text: from

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: philosophers

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: leading

text: figures

text: having

text: an

text: explicitly

text: Whiteheadian

text: and

text: panexperientialist

text: stance

text: towards

text: management

text: is

text: Mark

text: Dibben

text: who

text: works

text: in

text: what

text: he

text: calls

text: applied

text: process

text: thought

text: to

text: articulate

text: a

text: philosophy

text: of

text: management

text: and

text: business

text: administration

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: wider

text: examination

text: of

text: the

text: social

text: sciences

text: through

text: the

text: lens

text: of

text: process

text: metaphysics

text: For

text: Dibben

text: this

text: allows

text: a

text: comprehensive

text: exploration

text: of

text: life

text: as

text: perpetually

text: active

text: experiencing

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: occasional

text: and

text: thoroughly

text: passive

text: happening

text: Dibben

text: has

text: published

text: two

text: books

text: on

text: applied

text: process

text: thought

text: Applied

text: Process

text: Thought

text: I

text: Initial

text: Explorations

text: in

text: Theory

text: and

text: Research

text: and

text: Applied

text: Process

text: Thought

text: II

text: Following

text: a

text: Trail

text: Ablaze

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: papers

text: in

text: this

text: vein

text: in

text: the

text: fields

text: of

text: philosophy

text: of

text: management

text: and

text: business

text: ethics

question: What prominent business professor has been heavily influenced by Whitehead?

answer: Mark Dibben

text: Mark Dibben

question: What does Dibben call his philosophy on management and business administration?

answer: "applied process thought"

text: "applied process thought"

question: In what fields has Dibben published two books and other papers?

answer: philosophy of management and business ethics

text: philosophy of management and business ethics

question: What business fields has Whitehead influenced?

answer: philosophy of business administration and organizational theory

text: philosophy of business administration and organizational theory

question: According to Dibben, what are the benefits of applying process metaphysics to examining management and business administration as a component of social science?

answer: this allows "a comprehensive exploration of life as perpetually active experiencing, as opposed to occasional – and thoroughly passive – happening."

text: this allows "a comprehensive exploration of life as perpetually active experiencing, as opposed to occasional – and thoroughly passive – happening."


text: Before the formation of the Third Coalition, Napoleon had assembled an invasion force, the Armée d'Angleterre, around six camps at Boulogne in Northern France. He intended to use this invasion force to strike at England. They never invaded, but Napoleon's troops received careful and invaluable training for future military operations. The men at Boulogne formed the core for what Napoleon later called La Grande Armée. At the start, this French army had about 200,000 men organized into seven corps, which were large field units that contained 36 to 40 cannons each and were capable of independent action until other corps could come to the rescue. A single corps properly situated in a strong defensive position could survive at least a day without support, giving the Grande Armée countless strategic and tactical options on every campaign. On top of these forces, Napoleon created a cavalry reserve of 22,000 organized into two cuirassier divisions, four mounted dragoon divisions, one division of dismounted dragoons, and one of light cavalry, all supported by 24 artillery pieces. By 1805, the Grande Armée had grown to a force of 350,000 men, who were well equipped, well trained, and led by competent officers.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: Before

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Coalition

text: Napoleon

text: had

text: assembled

text: an

text: invasion

text: force

text: the

text: Armée

text: d'Angleterre

text: around

text: six

text: camps

text: at

text: Boulogne

text: in

text: Northern

text: France

text: He

text: intended

text: to

text: use

text: this

text: invasion

text: force

text: to

text: strike

text: at

text: England

text: They

text: never

text: invaded

text: but

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: troops

text: received

text: careful

text: and

text: invaluable

text: training

text: for

text: future

text: military

text: operations

text: The

text: men

text: at

text: Boulogne

text: formed

text: the

text: core

text: for

text: what

text: Napoleon

text: later

text: called

text: La

text: Grande

text: Armée

text: At

text: the

text: start

text: this

text: French

text: army

text: had

text: about

text: men

text: organized

text: into

text: seven

text: corps

text: which

text: were

text: large

text: field

text: units

text: that

text: contained

text: to

text: cannons

text: each

text: and

text: were

text: capable

text: of

text: independent

text: action

text: until

text: other

text: corps

text: could

text: come

text: to

text: the

text: rescue

text: A

text: single

text: corps

text: properly

text: situated

text: in

text: a

text: strong

text: defensive

text: position

text: could

text: survive

text: at

text: least

text: a

text: day

text: without

text: support

text: giving

text: the

text: Grande

text: Armée

text: countless

text: strategic

text: and

text: tactical

text: options

text: on

text: every

text: campaign

text: On

text: top

text: of

text: these

text: forces

text: Napoleon

text: created

text: a

text: cavalry

text: reserve

text: of

text: organized

text: into

text: two

text: cuirassier

text: divisions

text: four

text: mounted

text: dragoon

text: divisions

text: one

text: division

text: of

text: dismounted

text: dragoons

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: light

text: cavalry

text: all

text: supported

text: by

text: artillery

text: pieces

text: By

text: the

text: Grande

text: Armée

text: had

text: grown

text: to

text: a

text: force

text: of

text: men

text: who

text: were

text: well

text: equipped

text: well

text: trained

text: and

text: led

text: by

text: competent

text: officers

question: What was the name of the invasion force Napoleon assembled before the creation of the Third Coalition?

answer: the Armée d'Angleterre

text: the Armée d'Angleterre

question: Where in Northern France were the camps of the Armée d'Angleterre located?

answer: Boulogne

text: Boulogne

question: What country was the Armée d'Angleterre intended to strike at?

answer: England

text: England

question: What was the name of the later military organization that the Armée d'Angleterre formed the foundation of?

answer: La Grande Armée.

text: La Grande Armée.

question: How many men were in the Grande Armée by 1805?

answer: 350,000


text: The art of mechanical analog computing reached its zenith with the differential analyzer, built by H. L. Hazen and Vannevar Bush at MIT starting in 1927. This built on the mechanical integrators of James Thomson and the torque amplifiers invented by H. W. Nieman. A dozen of these devices were built before their obsolescence became obvious.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: art

text: of

text: mechanical

text: analog

text: computing

text: reached

text: its

text: zenith

text: with

text: the

text: differential

text: analyzer

text: built

text: by

text: H.

text: L.

text: Hazen

text: and

text: Vannevar

text: Bush

text: at

text: MIT

text: starting

text: in

text: This

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: mechanical

text: integrators

text: of

text: James

text: Thomson

text: and

text: the

text: torque

text: amplifiers

text: invented

text: by

text: H.

text: W.

text: Nieman

text: A

text: dozen

text: of

text: these

text: devices

text: were

text: built

text: before

text: their

text: obsolescence

text: became

text: obvious

question: Where was the differential analyzer built by H.L. Hazen?

answer: MIT

text: MIT

question: The differential analyzer by H.L. Hazen and Vannevar Bush was first being built in what year?

answer: 1927

question: The torque amplifiers of the differential analyzer were created by whom?

answer: H. W. Nieman

text: H. W. Nieman


text: New York City is the most-populous city in the United States, with an estimated record high of 8,491,079 residents as of 2014, incorporating more immigration into the city than outmigration since the 2010 United States Census. More than twice as many people live in New York City as in the second-most populous U.S. city (Los Angeles), and within a smaller area. New York City gained more residents between April 2010 and July 2014 (316,000) than any other U.S. city. New York City's population amounts to about 40% of New York State's population and a similar percentage of the New York metropolitan area population.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: record

text: high

text: of

text: residents

text: as

text: of

text: incorporating

text: more

text: immigration

text: into

text: the

text: city

text: than

text: outmigration

text: since

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Census

text: More

text: than

text: twice

text: as

text: many

text: people

text: live

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: U.S.

text: city

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: and

text: within

text: a

text: smaller

text: area

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: gained

text: more

text: residents

text: between

text: April

text: and

text: July

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: U.S.

text: city

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: 's

text: population

text: amounts

text: to

text: about

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: State

text: 's

text: population

text: and

text: a

text: similar

text: percentage

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: population

question: What was the population of New York City in 2014?

answer: 8,491,079

question: What is the US city with the second largest population?

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

question: How many people moved to New York City between April 2010 and July 2014?

answer: 316,000

question: Approximately what percentage is New York City's population of the entire state's population?

answer: 40%

question: About what percentage is New York City's population of the New York metropolitan area's population?

answer: 40%

question: What is the population of NYC as of 2014?

answer: 8,491,079

question: The second largest city in the US is what?

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

question: What percentage of people that live in the state of New York live in New York City?

answer: 40


text: Zinc is a bluish-white, lustrous, diamagnetic metal, though most common commercial grades of the metal have a dull finish. It is somewhat less dense than iron and has a hexagonal crystal structure, with a distorted form of hexagonal close packing, in which each atom has six nearest neighbors (at 265.9 pm) in its own plane and six others at a greater distance of 290.6 pm. The metal is hard and brittle at most temperatures but becomes malleable between 100 and 150 °C. Above 210 °C, the metal becomes brittle again and can be pulverized by beating. Zinc is a fair conductor of electricity. For a metal, zinc has relatively low melting (419.5 °C) and boiling points (907 °C). Its melting point is the lowest of all the transition metals aside from mercury and cadmium.

title: Zinc

title: Zinc

text: Zinc

text: is

text: a

text: bluish

text: white

text: lustrous

text: diamagnetic

text: metal

text: though

text: most

text: common

text: commercial

text: grades

text: of

text: the

text: metal

text: have

text: a

text: dull

text: finish

text: It

text: is

text: somewhat

text: less

text: dense

text: than

text: iron

text: and

text: has

text: a

text: hexagonal

text: crystal

text: structure

text: with

text: a

text: distorted

text: form

text: of

text: hexagonal

text: close

text: packing

text: in

text: which

text: each

text: atom

text: has

text: six

text: nearest

text: neighbors

text: at

text: pm

text: in

text: its

text: own

text: plane

text: and

text: six

text: others

text: at

text: a

text: greater

text: distance

text: of

text: pm

text: The

text: metal

text: is

text: hard

text: and

text: brittle

text: at

text: most

text: temperatures

text: but

text: becomes

text: malleable

text: between

text: and

text: C

text: Above

text: C

text: the

text: metal

text: becomes

text: brittle

text: again

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: pulverized

text: by

text: beating

text: Zinc

text: is

text: a

text: fair

text: conductor

text: of

text: electricity

text: For

text: a

text: metal

text: zinc

text: has

text: relatively

text: low

text: melting

text: C

text: and

text: boiling

text: points

text: C

text: Its

text: melting

text: point

text: is

text: the

text: lowest

text: of

text: all

text: the

text: transition

text: metals

text: aside

text: from

text: mercury

text: and

text: cadmium

question: What color is zinc?

answer: bluish-white

text: bluish-white

question: Is iron more dense than zinc?

answer: It is somewhat less dense than iron

text: It is somewhat less dense than iron

question: At what temperature does the metal become malleable?

answer: 100 and 150 °C

text: 100 and 150 °C

question: At what temperature to zinc become brittle?

answer: 210 °C

text: 210 °C

question: What is the boiling point of zinc?

answer: 907 °C

text: 907 °C

question: In it's pre commercial state, what color is zinc?

answer: bluish-white

text: bluish-white

question: What is the crystalline structure of sync?

answer: hexagonal

text: hexagonal

question: What happens to zinc when it is manipulated to the temperatures between 100 and 150 Celsius?

answer: becomes malleable

text: becomes malleable

question: At what temperature can zinc be pulverized?

answer: 210 °C

text: 210 °C


text: In the U.S., copyright infringement is sometimes confronted via lawsuits in civil court, against alleged infringers directly, or against providers of services and software that support unauthorized copying. For example, major motion-picture corporation MGM Studios filed suit against P2P file-sharing services Grokster and Streamcast for their contributory role in copyright infringement. In 2005, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of MGM, holding that such services could be held liable for copyright infringement since they functioned and, indeed, willfully marketed themselves as venues for acquiring copyrighted movies. The MGM v. Grokster case did not overturn the earlier Sony decision, but rather clouded the legal waters; future designers of software capable of being used for copyright infringement were warned.

title: Copyright_infringement

title: Copyright_infringement

text: In

text: the

text: U.S.

text: copyright

text: infringement

text: is

text: sometimes

text: confronted

text: via

text: lawsuits

text: in

text: civil

text: court

text: against

text: alleged

text: infringers

text: directly

text: or

text: against

text: providers

text: of

text: services

text: and

text: software

text: that

text: support

text: unauthorized

text: copying

text: For

text: example

text: major

text: motion

text: picture

text: corporation

text: MGM

text: Studios

text: filed

text: suit

text: against

text: file

text: sharing

text: services

text: Grokster

text: and

text: Streamcast

text: for

text: their

text: contributory

text: role

text: in

text: copyright

text: infringement

text: In

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: ruled

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: MGM

text: holding

text: that

text: such

text: services

text: could

text: be

text: held

text: liable

text: for

text: copyright

text: infringement

text: since

text: they

text: functioned

text: and

text: indeed

text: willfully

text: marketed

text: themselves

text: as

text: venues

text: for

text: acquiring

text: copyrighted

text: movies

text: The

text: MGM

text: v.

text: Grokster

text: case

text: did

text: not

text: overturn

text: the

text: earlier

text: Sony

text: decision

text: but

text: rather

text: clouded

text: the

text: legal

text: waters

text: future

text: designers

text: of

text: software

text: capable

text: of

text: being

text: used

text: for

text: copyright

text: infringement

text: were

text: warned

question: In the U.S., where is copyright infringement contested?

answer: civil court

text: civil court

question: Who did MGM studios file a lawsuit against?

answer: Grokster and Streamcast

text: Grokster and Streamcast

question: In 2005, who did the Supreme Court rule in favor of?

answer: MGM

text: MGM

question: What did P2P file sharing services market themselves as?

answer: venues for acquiring copyrighted movies

text: venues for acquiring copyrighted movies

question: What studio's case decision was NOT overturned?

answer: Sony

text: Sony


text: The mountainous areas of Northwestern Greece (parts of Epirus, Central Greece, Thessaly, Western Macedonia) as well as in the mountainous central parts of Peloponnese – including parts of the regional units of Achaea, Arcadia and Laconia – feature an Alpine climate with heavy snowfalls. The inland parts of northern Greece, in Central Macedonia and East Macedonia and Thrace feature a temperate climate with cold, damp winters and hot, dry summers with frequent thunderstorms. Snowfalls occur every year in the mountains and northern areas, and brief snowfalls are not unknown even in low-lying southern areas, such as Athens.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: The

text: mountainous

text: areas

text: of

text: Northwestern

text: Greece

text: parts

text: of

text: Epirus

text: Central

text: Greece

text: Thessaly

text: Western

text: Macedonia

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: mountainous

text: central

text: parts

text: of

text: Peloponnese

text: including

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: regional

text: units

text: of

text: Achaea

text: Arcadia

text: and

text: Laconia

text: feature

text: an

text: Alpine

text: climate

text: with

text: heavy

text: snowfalls

text: The

text: inland

text: parts

text: of

text: northern

text: Greece

text: in

text: Central

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: East

text: Macedonia

text: and

text: Thrace

text: feature

text: a

text: temperate

text: climate

text: with

text: cold

text: damp

text: winters

text: and

text: hot

text: dry

text: summers

text: with

text: frequent

text: thunderstorms

text: Snowfalls

text: occur

text: every

text: year

text: in

text: the

text: mountains

text: and

text: northern

text: areas

text: and

text: brief

text: snowfalls

text: are

text: not

text: unknown

text: even

text: in

text: low

text: lying

text: southern

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: Athens

question: The climate of Greece in the Northwest is known as what?

answer: Alpine climate

text: Alpine climate

question: The Alpine climate of Greece gets what kind of weather?

answer: heavy snowfalls

text: heavy snowfalls

question: Northern Greece inland features what type of climate?

answer: temperate

text: temperate

question: It has been known to snow even in what Southern city?

answer: Athens

text: Athens


text: Some scholars and organizations disagree with the notion of "separation of church and state", or the way the Supreme Court has interpreted the constitutional limitation on religious establishment. Such critics generally argue that the phrase misrepresents the textual requirements of the Constitution, while noting that many aspects of church and state were intermingled at the time the Constitution was ratified. These critics argue that the prevalent degree of separation of church and state could not have been intended by the constitutional framers. Some of the intermingling between church and state include religious references in official contexts, and such other founding documents as the United States Declaration of Independence, which references the idea of a "Creator" and "Nature's God", though these references did not ultimately appear in the Constitution nor do they mention any particular religious view of a "Creator" or "Nature's God."

title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States

text: Some

text: scholars

text: and

text: organizations

text: disagree

text: with

text: the

text: notion

text: of

text: separation

text: of

text: church

text: and

text: state

text: or

text: the

text: way

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: has

text: interpreted

text: the

text: constitutional

text: limitation

text: on

text: religious

text: establishment

text: Such

text: critics

text: generally

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: phrase

text: misrepresents

text: the

text: textual

text: requirements

text: of

text: the

text: Constitution

text: while

text: noting

text: that

text: many

text: aspects

text: of

text: church

text: and

text: state

text: were

text: intermingled

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: Constitution

text: was

text: ratified

text: These

text: critics

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: prevalent

text: degree

text: of

text: separation

text: of

text: church

text: and

text: state

text: could

text: not

text: have

text: been

text: intended

text: by

text: the

text: constitutional

text: framers

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: intermingling

text: between

text: church

text: and

text: state

text: include

text: religious

text: references

text: in

text: official

text: contexts

text: and

text: such

text: other

text: founding

text: documents

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Independence

text: which

text: references

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: a

text: Creator

text: and

text: Nature

text: 's

text: God

text: though

text: these

text: references

text: did

text: not

text: ultimately

text: appear

text: in

text: the

text: Constitution

text: nor

text: do

text: they

text: mention

text: any

text: particular

text: religious

text: view

text: of

text: a

text: Creator

text: or

text: Nature

text: 's

text: God

question: What do some organizations disagree with the notion of?

answer: separation of church and state

text: separation of church and state

question: What do the critics argue the phrase misrepresents?

answer: the textual requirements of the Constitution

text: the textual requirements of the Constitution

question: What do scholars also disagree with about the way the Supreme Court has interpreted what?

answer: constitutional limitation on religious establishment

text: constitutional limitation on religious establishment

question: What do critics note were intermingled at the time the Constitution was ratified?

answer: many aspects of church and state

text: many aspects of church and state

question: What do these critics argue couldn't have been intended by the framers of the constitution?

answer: prevalent degree of separation of church and state

text: prevalent degree of separation of church and state


text: The origins of the Samoans are closely studied in modern research about Polynesia in various scientific disciplines such as genetics, linguistics and anthropology. Scientific research is ongoing, although a number of different theories exist; including one proposing that the Samoans originated from Austronesian predecessors during the terminal eastward Lapita expansion period from Southeast Asia and Melanesia between 2,500 and 1,500 BCE. The Samoan origins are currently being reassessed due to new scientific evidence and carbon dating findings from 2003 and onwards.

title: Samoa

title: Samoa

text: The

text: origins

text: of

text: the

text: Samoans

text: are

text: closely

text: studied

text: in

text: modern

text: research

text: about

text: Polynesia

text: in

text: various

text: scientific

text: disciplines

text: such

text: as

text: genetics

text: linguistics

text: and

text: anthropology

text: Scientific

text: research

text: is

text: ongoing

text: although

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: different

text: theories

text: exist

text: including

text: one

text: proposing

text: that

text: the

text: Samoans

text: originated

text: from

text: Austronesian

text: predecessors

text: during

text: the

text: terminal

text: eastward

text: Lapita

text: expansion

text: period

text: from

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: and

text: Melanesia

text: between

text: and

text: BCE

text: The

text: Samoan

text: origins

text: are

text: currently

text: being

text: reassessed

text: due

text: to

text: new

text: scientific

text: evidence

text: and

text: carbon

text: dating

text: findings

text: from

text: and

text: onwards

question: In what year did new discoveries change the course of research on Samoan origins?

answer: 2003

question: In addition to linguistics and genetics, what field of study researches Samoan origins?

answer: anthropology

text: anthropology

question: One theory posits that Samoans originated from what people during the Lapita expansion period?

answer: Austronesian

text: Austronesian

question: What year marks the end of the period of the terminal eastward Lapita expansion?

answer: 1,500 BCE

text: 1,500 BCE


text: In the dicotyledons, the bundles in the very young stem are arranged in an open ring, separating a central pith from an outer cortex. In each bundle, separating the xylem and phloem, is a layer of meristem or active formative tissue known as cambium. By the formation of a layer of cambium between the bundles (interfascicular cambium), a complete ring is formed, and a regular periodical increase in thickness results from the development of xylem on the inside and phloem on the outside. The soft phloem becomes crushed, but the hard wood persists and forms the bulk of the stem and branches of the woody perennial. Owing to differences in the character of the elements produced at the beginning and end of the season, the wood is marked out in transverse section into concentric rings, one for each season of growth, called annual rings.

title: Flowering_plant

title: Flowering_plant

text: In

text: the

text: dicotyledons

text: the

text: bundles

text: in

text: the

text: very

text: young

text: stem

text: are

text: arranged

text: in

text: an

text: open

text: ring

text: separating

text: a

text: central

text: pith

text: from

text: an

text: outer

text: cortex

text: In

text: each

text: bundle

text: separating

text: the

text: xylem

text: and

text: phloem

text: is

text: a

text: layer

text: of

text: meristem

text: or

text: active

text: formative

text: tissue

text: known

text: as

text: cambium

text: By

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: a

text: layer

text: of

text: cambium

text: between

text: the

text: bundles

text: interfascicular

text: cambium

text: a

text: complete

text: ring

text: is

text: formed

text: and

text: a

text: regular

text: periodical

text: increase

text: in

text: thickness

text: results

text: from

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: xylem

text: on

text: the

text: inside

text: and

text: phloem

text: on

text: the

text: outside

text: The

text: soft

text: phloem

text: becomes

text: crushed

text: but

text: the

text: hard

text: wood

text: persists

text: and

text: forms

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: stem

text: and

text: branches

text: of

text: the

text: woody

text: perennial

text: Owing

text: to

text: differences

text: in

text: the

text: character

text: of

text: the

text: elements

text: produced

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: and

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: the

text: wood

text: is

text: marked

text: out

text: in

text: transverse

text: section

text: into

text: concentric

text: rings

text: one

text: for

text: each

text: season

text: of

text: growth

text: called

text: annual

text: rings

question: What shape are the bundles in the young stem of dicotyledons arranged in?

answer: an open ring

text: an open ring

question: What does the cambium separate?

answer: xylem and phloem

text: xylem and phloem

question: What is a layer of meristem or formative tissue known as?

answer: cambium

text: cambium

question: What results from the development of xylem on the inside and phloem on the outside?

answer: increase in thickness

text: increase in thickness

question: What's another name for the concentric rings in trees?

answer: annual rings

text: annual rings


text: The March 1906 Scientific American article by American pioneer William E. Meacham explained the basic principle of hydrofoils and hydroplanes. Bell considered the invention of the hydroplane as a very significant achievement. Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now called a hydrofoil boat. Bell and assistant Frederick W. "Casey" Baldwin began hydrofoil experimentation in the summer of 1908 as a possible aid to airplane takeoff from water. Baldwin studied the work of the Italian inventor Enrico Forlanini and began testing models. This led him and Bell to the development of practical hydrofoil watercraft.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: The

text: March

text: Scientific

text: American

text: article

text: by

text: American

text: pioneer

text: William

text: E.

text: Meacham

text: explained

text: the

text: basic

text: principle

text: of

text: hydrofoils

text: and

text: hydroplanes

text: Bell

text: considered

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: hydroplane

text: as

text: a

text: very

text: significant

text: achievement

text: Based

text: on

text: information

text: gained

text: from

text: that

text: article

text: he

text: began

text: to

text: sketch

text: concepts

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: called

text: a

text: hydrofoil

text: boat

text: Bell

text: and

text: assistant

text: Frederick

text: W.

text: Casey

text: Baldwin

text: began

text: hydrofoil

text: experimentation

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: as

text: a

text: possible

text: aid

text: to

text: airplane

text: takeoff

text: from

text: water

text: Baldwin

text: studied

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: the

text: Italian

text: inventor

text: Enrico

text: Forlanini

text: and

text: began

text: testing

text: models

text: This

text: led

text: him

text: and

text: Bell

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: practical

text: hydrofoil

text: watercraft

question: Who wrote the paper laying out hydrofoils and hydroplanes?

answer: William E. Meacham

text: William E. Meacham

question: What nationality was Meacham?

answer: American

text: American

question: What did Bell start drawing after reading the article?

answer: hydrofoil boat

text: hydrofoil boat

question: Who helped Bell investigate hydrofoils in 1908?

answer: Frederick W. "Casey" Baldwin

text: Frederick W. "Casey" Baldwin

question: Which Italian scientist did Baldwin draw inspiration from?

answer: Enrico Forlanini

text: Enrico Forlanini


text: Brigham Young University (often referred to as BYU or, colloquially, The Y) is a private research university located in Provo, Utah, United States. It is owned and operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and, excluding online students, is the largest of any religious university and the third largest private university in the United States, with 29,672 on-campus students. Approximately 99 percent of the students are members of the LDS Church, and one-third of its US students are from Utah.

title: Brigham_Young_University

title: Brigham_Young_University

text: Brigham

text: Young

text: University

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: BYU

text: or

text: colloquially

text: The

text: Y

text: is

text: a

text: private

text: research

text: university

text: located

text: in

text: Provo

text: Utah

text: United

text: States

text: It

text: is

text: owned

text: and

text: operated

text: by

text: The

text: Church

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: of

text: Latter

text: day

text: Saints

text: LDS

text: Church

text: and

text: excluding

text: online

text: students

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: of

text: any

text: religious

text: university

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: private

text: university

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: on

text: campus

text: students

text: Approximately

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: students

text: are

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: LDS

text: Church

text: and

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: its

text: US

text: students

text: are

text: from

text: Utah

question: How many students attend BYU on campus?

answer: 29,672

question: How many of the students are also members of the Latter Day Saints Church?

answer: 99 percent

text: 99 percent

question: What portion of students are native Utah residents?

answer: one-third

text: one-third

question: Where is Brigham Young University?

answer: Provo, Utah

text: Provo, Utah

question: What is BYU's ranking among private universities?

answer: third

text: third

question: How many students currently attend BYU on-campus?

answer: 29,672

question: Where is BYU's main campus?

answer: Provo, Utah

text: Provo, Utah

question: What is BYU's ranking among private universities?

answer: third

text: third

question: How many of BYU's students are native Utah residents?

answer: one-third

text: one-third

question: What percentage of BYU students are from Utah?

answer: one-third

text: one-third

question: What percentage of BYU students are members of the LDS Church?

answer: Approximately 99 percent

text: Approximately 99 percent

question: How is BYU's size ranked among all private university's in the U.S.?

answer: the third largest

text: the third largest

question: What does LDS stand for?

answer: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

text: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

question: Who owns and operates Brigham University?

answer: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

text: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints


text: DEC operating systems (OS/8, RT-11, RSX-11, RSTS, TOPS-10, etc.) used both characters to mark the end of a line so that the console device (originally Teletype machines) would work. By the time so-called "glass TTYs" (later called CRTs or terminals) came along, the convention was so well established that backward compatibility necessitated continuing the convention. When Gary Kildall cloned RT-11 to create CP/M he followed established DEC convention. Until the introduction of PC DOS in 1981, IBM had no hand in this because their 1970s operating systems used EBCDIC instead of ASCII and they were oriented toward punch-card input and line printer output on which the concept of carriage return was meaningless. IBM's PC DOS (also marketed as MS-DOS by Microsoft) inherited the convention by virtue of being a clone of CP/M, and Windows inherited it from MS-DOS.

title: ASCII

title: ASCII

text: DEC

text: operating

text: systems

text: RSTS

text: etc

text: used

text: both

text: characters

text: to

text: mark

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: a

text: line

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: console

text: device

text: originally

text: Teletype

text: machines

text: would

text: work

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: so

text: called

text: glass

text: TTYs

text: later

text: called

text: CRTs

text: or

text: terminals

text: came

text: along

text: the

text: convention

text: was

text: so

text: well

text: established

text: that

text: backward

text: compatibility

text: necessitated

text: continuing

text: the

text: convention

text: When

text: Gary

text: Kildall

text: cloned

text: to

text: create

text: CP

text: M

text: he

text: followed

text: established

text: DEC

text: convention

text: Until

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: PC

text: DOS

text: in

text: IBM

text: had

text: no

text: hand

text: in

text: this

text: because

text: their

text: operating

text: systems

text: used

text: EBCDIC

text: instead

text: of

text: ASCII

text: and

text: they

text: were

text: oriented

text: toward

text: punch

text: card

text: input

text: and

text: line

text: printer

text: output

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: carriage

text: return

text: was

text: meaningless

text: IBM

text: 's

text: PC

text: DOS

text: also

text: marketed

text: as

text: MS

text: DOS

text: by

text: Microsoft

text: inherited

text: the

text: convention

text: by

text: virtue

text: of

text: being

text: a

text: clone

text: of

text: CP

text: M

text: and

text: Windows

text: inherited

text: it

text: from

text: MS

text: DOS

question: What are glass TTYs also known as?

answer: CRTs or terminals

text: CRTs or terminals

question: What did Gary Kildall clone to create CP/M?

answer: RT-11

question: When was the introduction of PC DOS?

answer: 1981

question: What programming did IBM use in the 1970s?

answer: EBCDIC

text: EBCDIC

question: What was IBM's PC DOS marketed as by Microsoft?

answer: MS-DOS

text: MS-DOS


text: This makes it the most varied newspaper in terms of political support in British history. Some columnists in The Times are connected to the Conservative Party such as Daniel Finkelstein, Tim Montgomerie, Matthew Parris and Matt Ridley, but there are also columnists connected to the Labour Party such as David Aaronovitch, Phil Collins, Oliver Kamm and Jenni Russell.

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: This

text: makes

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: varied

text: newspaper

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: political

text: support

text: in

text: British

text: history

text: Some

text: columnists

text: in

text: The

text: Times

text: are

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: Conservative

text: Party

text: such

text: as

text: Daniel

text: Finkelstein

text: Tim

text: Montgomerie

text: Matthew

text: Parris

text: and

text: Matt

text: Ridley

text: but

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: columnists

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: Labour

text: Party

text: such

text: as

text: David

text: Aaronovitch

text: Phil

text: Collins

text: Oliver

text: Kamm

text: and

text: Jenni

text: Russell

question: What is the name of the newspaper with the most varied political support in British history?

answer: The Times

text: The Times

question: Which political party is The Times columnist, Daniel Finkelstein, associated with?

answer: Conservative Party

text: Conservative Party

question: Which political party is The Times columnist, David Aaronovitch, associated with?

answer: Labour Party

text: Labour Party


text: In a small minority of Muslim countries, the law requires women to cover either just legs, shoulders and head or the whole body apart from the face. In strictest forms, the face as well must be covered leaving just a mesh to see through. These rules for dressing cause tensions, concerning particularly Muslims living in Western countries, where restrictions are considered both sexist and oppressive. Some Muslims oppose this charge, and instead declare that the media in these countries presses on women to reveal too much in order to be deemed attractive, and that this is itself sexist and oppressive.

title: Muslim_world

title: Muslim_world

text: In

text: a

text: small

text: minority

text: of

text: Muslim

text: countries

text: the

text: law

text: requires

text: women

text: to

text: cover

text: either

text: just

text: legs

text: shoulders

text: and

text: head

text: or

text: the

text: whole

text: body

text: apart

text: from

text: the

text: face

text: In

text: strictest

text: forms

text: the

text: face

text: as

text: well

text: must

text: be

text: covered

text: leaving

text: just

text: a

text: mesh

text: to

text: see

text: through

text: These

text: rules

text: for

text: dressing

text: cause

text: tensions

text: concerning

text: particularly

text: Muslims

text: living

text: in

text: Western

text: countries

text: where

text: restrictions

text: are

text: considered

text: both

text: sexist

text: and

text: oppressive

text: Some

text: Muslims

text: oppose

text: this

text: charge

text: and

text: instead

text: declare

text: that

text: the

text: media

text: in

text: these

text: countries

text: presses

text: on

text: women

text: to

text: reveal

text: too

text: much

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: be

text: deemed

text: attractive

text: and

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: itself

text: sexist

text: and

text: oppressive

question: How many Muslim nations require women to cover their legs, shoulders, or whole body?

answer: a small minority

text: a small minority

question: What are the restrictions on the dress of Muslim women considered in the West?

answer: sexist and oppressive

text: sexist and oppressive

question: Why do some Muslims oppose allowing women to reveal more of themselves?

answer: women to reveal too much in order to be deemed attractive

text: women to reveal too much in order to be deemed attractive

question: In its most strict style what must a woman cover in some Muslim nations?

answer: the face

text: the face


text: With the end of the war with Japan, the Chinese Civil War resumed between the Chinese Communists and the Chinese Nationalists. While the Communists were struggling for supremacy in Manchuria, they were supported by the North Korean government with matériel and manpower. According to Chinese sources, the North Koreans donated 2,000 railway cars worth of matériel while thousands of Koreans served in the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) during the war. North Korea also provided the Chinese Communists in Manchuria with a safe refuge for non-combatants and communications with the rest of China.

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: With

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: with

text: Japan

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Civil

text: War

text: resumed

text: between

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Communists

text: and

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Nationalists

text: While

text: the

text: Communists

text: were

text: struggling

text: for

text: supremacy

text: in

text: Manchuria

text: they

text: were

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Korean

text: government

text: with

text: matériel

text: and

text: manpower

text: According

text: to

text: Chinese

text: sources

text: the

text: North

text: Koreans

text: donated

text: railway

text: cars

text: worth

text: of

text: matériel

text: while

text: thousands

text: of

text: Koreans

text: served

text: in

text: the

text: Chinese

text: People

text: 's

text: Liberation

text: Army

text: PLA

text: during

text: the

text: war

text: North

text: Korea

text: also

text: provided

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Communists

text: in

text: Manchuria

text: with

text: a

text: safe

text: refuge

text: for

text: non

text: combatants

text: and

text: communications

text: with

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: China

question: Who supported the Chinese Communists during the civil war in Manchuria?

answer: North Korean government

text: North Korean government

question: What two groups were fighting in the Chinese Civil War?

answer: Chinese Communists and the Chinese Nationalists

text: Chinese Communists and the Chinese Nationalists

question: What did the Chinese Communists want?

answer: supremacy in Manchuria

text: supremacy in Manchuria

question: What army did North Koreans serve in during the civil war?

answer: Chinese People's Liberation Army

text: Chinese People's Liberation Army

question: How much material did the North Koreans give to the Chinese communists?

answer: 2,000 railway cars worth

text: 2,000 railway cars worth


text: Built around 1915, the Alaska Railroad (ARR) played a key role in the development of Alaska through the 20th century. It links north Pacific shipping through providing critical infrastructure with tracks that run from Seward to Interior Alaska by way of South Central Alaska, passing through Anchorage, Eklutna, Wasilla, Talkeetna, Denali, and Fairbanks, with spurs to Whittier, Palmer and North Pole. The cities, towns, villages, and region served by ARR tracks are known statewide as "The Railbelt". In recent years, the ever-improving paved highway system began to eclipse the railroad's importance in Alaska's economy.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: Built

text: around

text: the

text: Alaska

text: Railroad

text: ARR

text: played

text: a

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: Alaska

text: through

text: the

text: century

text: It

text: links

text: north

text: Pacific

text: shipping

text: through

text: providing

text: critical

text: infrastructure

text: with

text: tracks

text: that

text: run

text: from

text: Seward

text: to

text: Interior

text: Alaska

text: by

text: way

text: of

text: South

text: Central

text: Alaska

text: passing

text: through

text: Anchorage

text: Eklutna

text: Wasilla

text: Talkeetna

text: Denali

text: and

text: Fairbanks

text: with

text: spurs

text: to

text: Whittier

text: Palmer

text: and

text: North

text: Pole

text: The

text: cities

text: towns

text: villages

text: and

text: region

text: served

text: by

text: ARR

text: tracks

text: are

text: known

text: statewide

text: as

text: The

text: Railbelt

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: the

text: ever

text: improving

text: paved

text: highway

text: system

text: began

text: to

text: eclipse

text: the

text: railroad

text: 's

text: importance

text: in

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: economy

question: What year was the Alaska Railroad built?

answer: around 1915

text: around 1915

question: To what does "The Railbelt" refer?

answer: region served by ARR tracks

text: region served by ARR tracks

question: Which development in 1915 played a key role in developing Alaska?

answer: Alaska Railroad (ARR)

text: Alaska Railroad (ARR)


text: If the British Empire was now going to side with the Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire had no choice but to cultivate a relationship with the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which was supported by the German Empire. In a few years these alignments became the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance (already formed in 1882), which were in part a cause of World War I. By its end in 1918 three empires were gone, a fourth was about to fall to revolution, and two more, the British and French, were forced to yield in revolutions started under the aegis of their own ideologies.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: If

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: was

text: now

text: going

text: to

text: side

text: with

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: had

text: no

text: choice

text: but

text: to

text: cultivate

text: a

text: relationship

text: with

text: the

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: which

text: was

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: German

text: Empire

text: In

text: a

text: few

text: years

text: these

text: alignments

text: became

text: the

text: Triple

text: Entente

text: and

text: the

text: Triple

text: Alliance

text: already

text: formed

text: in

text: which

text: were

text: in

text: part

text: a

text: cause

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: I.

text: By

text: its

text: end

text: in

text: three

text: empires

text: were

text: gone

text: a

text: fourth

text: was

text: about

text: to

text: fall

text: to

text: revolution

text: and

text: two

text: more

text: the

text: British

text: and

text: French

text: were

text: forced

text: to

text: yield

text: in

text: revolutions

text: started

text: under

text: the

text: aegis

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: ideologies

question: The Ottoman Empire had no choice but to develop their relationship with what country?

answer: Austro-Hungarian Empire

text: Austro-Hungarian Empire

question: Who supported the Austro-Hungarian Empire?

answer: the German Empire

text: the German Empire

question: Who did the British Empire side with?

answer: the Russian Empire

text: the Russian Empire

question: The formation of the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance partly caused what?

answer: World War I

text: World War I

question: By what year were three empires gone?

answer: 1918


text: The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the Red Wing, framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine. On March 12, 1908, over Keuka Lake, the biplane lifted off on the first public flight in North America.[N 24] [N 25] The innovations that were incorporated into this design included a cockpit enclosure and tail rudder (later variations on the original design would add ailerons as a means of control). One of the AEA's inventions, a practical wingtip form of the aileron, was to become a standard component on all aircraft. [N 26] The White Wing and June Bug were to follow and by the end of 1908, over 150 flights without mishap had been accomplished. However, the AEA had depleted its initial reserves and only a $15,000 grant from Mrs. Bell allowed it to continue with experiments. Lt. Selfridge had also become the first person killed in a powered heavier-than-air flight in a crash of the Wright Flyer at Fort Myer, Virginia, on September 17, 1908.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: The

text: AEA

text: 's

text: work

text: progressed

text: to

text: heavier

text: than

text: air

text: machines

text: applying

text: their

text: knowledge

text: of

text: kites

text: to

text: gliders

text: Moving

text: to

text: Hammondsport

text: the

text: group

text: then

text: designed

text: and

text: built

text: the

text: Red

text: Wing

text: framed

text: in

text: bamboo

text: and

text: covered

text: in

text: red

text: silk

text: and

text: powered

text: by

text: a

text: small

text: air

text: cooled

text: engine

text: On

text: March

text: over

text: Keuka

text: Lake

text: the

text: biplane

text: lifted

text: off

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: public

text: flight

text: in

text: North

text: America.[N

text: N

text: The

text: innovations

text: that

text: were

text: incorporated

text: into

text: this

text: design

text: included

text: a

text: cockpit

text: enclosure

text: and

text: tail

text: rudder

text: later

text: variations

text: on

text: the

text: original

text: design

text: would

text: add

text: ailerons

text: as

text: a

text: means

text: of

text: control

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: AEA

text: 's

text: inventions

text: a

text: practical

text: wingtip

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: aileron

text: was

text: to

text: become

text: a

text: standard

text: component

text: on

text: all

text: aircraft

text: N

text: The

text: White

text: Wing

text: and

text: June

text: Bug

text: were

text: to

text: follow

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: over

text: flights

text: without

text: mishap

text: had

text: been

text: accomplished

text: However

text: the

text: AEA

text: had

text: depleted

text: its

text: initial

text: reserves

text: and

text: only

text: a

text: grant

text: from

text: Mrs.

text: Bell

text: allowed

text: it

text: to

text: continue

text: with

text: experiments

text: Lt

text: Selfridge

text: had

text: also

text: become

text: the

text: first

text: person

text: killed

text: in

text: a

text: powered

text: heavier

text: than

text: air

text: flight

text: in

text: a

text: crash

text: of

text: the

text: Wright

text: Flyer

text: at

text: Fort

text: Myer

text: Virginia

text: on

text: September

question: What did the AEA work on after kites?

answer: gliders

text: gliders

question: What material was the Red Wing's frame made of?

answer: bamboo

text: bamboo

question: What kind of plane was the Red Wing?

answer: biplane

text: biplane

question: How many accident-free flights had the AEA taken by 1909?

answer: 150

question: Who was the first person to die in a plane crash?

answer: Selfridge

text: Selfridge