text: Leakage is equivalent to a resistor in parallel with the capacitor. Constant exposure to heat can cause dielectric breakdown and excessive leakage, a problem often seen in older vacuum tube circuits, particularly where oiled paper and foil capacitors were used. In many vacuum tube circuits, interstage coupling capacitors are used to conduct a varying signal from the plate of one tube to the grid circuit of the next stage. A leaky capacitor can cause the grid circuit voltage to be raised from its normal bias setting, causing excessive current or signal distortion in the downstream tube. In power amplifiers this can cause the plates to glow red, or current limiting resistors to overheat, even fail. Similar considerations apply to component fabricated solid-state (transistor) amplifiers, but owing to lower heat production and the use of modern polyester dielectric barriers this once-common problem has become relatively rare.

title: Capacitor

title: Capacitor

text: Leakage

text: is

text: equivalent

text: to

text: a

text: resistor

text: in

text: parallel

text: with

text: the

text: capacitor

text: Constant

text: exposure

text: to

text: heat

text: can

text: cause

text: dielectric

text: breakdown

text: and

text: excessive

text: leakage

text: a

text: problem

text: often

text: seen

text: in

text: older

text: vacuum

text: tube

text: circuits

text: particularly

text: where

text: oiled

text: paper

text: and

text: foil

text: capacitors

text: were

text: used

text: In

text: many

text: vacuum

text: tube

text: circuits

text: interstage

text: coupling

text: capacitors

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: conduct

text: a

text: varying

text: signal

text: from

text: the

text: plate

text: of

text: one

text: tube

text: to

text: the

text: grid

text: circuit

text: of

text: the

text: next

text: stage

text: A

text: leaky

text: capacitor

text: can

text: cause

text: the

text: grid

text: circuit

text: voltage

text: to

text: be

text: raised

text: from

text: its

text: normal

text: bias

text: setting

text: causing

text: excessive

text: current

text: or

text: signal

text: distortion

text: in

text: the

text: downstream

text: tube

text: In

text: power

text: amplifiers

text: this

text: can

text: cause

text: the

text: plates

text: to

text: glow

text: red

text: or

text: current

text: limiting

text: resistors

text: to

text: overheat

text: even

text: fail

text: Similar

text: considerations

text: apply

text: to

text: component

text: fabricated

text: solid

text: state

text: transistor

text: amplifiers

text: but

text: owing

text: to

text: lower

text: heat

text: production

text: and

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: modern

text: polyester

text: dielectric

text: barriers

text: this

text: once

text: common

text: problem

text: has

text: become

text: relatively

text: rare

question: With what value is a resistor in parallel with a capacitor equal to?

answer: Leakage

text: Leakage

question: What can cause excessive leakage in a capacitor?

answer: Constant exposure to heat

text: Constant exposure to heat

question: What sort of capacitors are used to carry a varying signal from the conductive plate of one tube to the grid circuit of the next stage?

answer: interstage coupling capacitors

text: interstage coupling capacitors

question: What type of capacitor can cause signal distortion in the downstream tube?

answer: A leaky capacitor

text: A leaky capacitor

question: If the grid circuit voltage is increased beyond its regular bias setting, what can happen to the conductive plates in power amplifiers?

answer: cause the plates to glow red

text: cause the plates to glow red


text: From the 9th century, the Pecheneg nomads began an uneasy relationship with Kievan Rus′. For over two centuries they launched sporadic raids into the lands of Rus′, which sometimes escalated into full-scale wars (such as the 920 war on the Pechenegs by Igor of Kiev reported in the Primary Chronicle), but there were also temporary military alliances (e.g. the 943 Byzantine campaign by Igor). In 968, the Pechenegs attacked and besieged the city of Kiev. Some speculation exists that the Pechenegs drove off the Tivertsi and the Ulichs to the regions of the upper Dniester river in Bukovina. The Byzantine Empire was known to support the Pechenegs in their military campaigns against the Eastern Slavic states.[citation needed]

title: Kievan_Rus%27

title: Kievan_Rus%27

text: From

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Pecheneg

text: nomads

text: began

text: an

text: uneasy

text: relationship

text: with

text: Kievan

text: Rus′.

text: For

text: over

text: two

text: centuries

text: they

text: launched

text: sporadic

text: raids

text: into

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: Rus′

text: which

text: sometimes

text: escalated

text: into

text: full

text: scale

text: wars

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: war

text: on

text: the

text: Pechenegs

text: by

text: Igor

text: of

text: Kiev

text: reported

text: in

text: the

text: Primary

text: Chronicle

text: but

text: there

text: were

text: also

text: temporary

text: military

text: alliances

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: campaign

text: by

text: Igor

text: In

text: the

text: Pechenegs

text: attacked

text: and

text: besieged

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Kiev

text: Some

text: speculation

text: exists

text: that

text: the

text: Pechenegs

text: drove

text: off

text: the

text: Tivertsi

text: and

text: the

text: Ulichs

text: to

text: the

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: upper

text: Dniester

text: river

text: in

text: Bukovina

text: The

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: was

text: known

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: Pechenegs

text: in

text: their

text: military

text: campaigns

text: against

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Slavic

text: states.[citation

text: needed

question: How early did the relationship begin between the Pecheneg and the Rus?

answer: 9th century

text: 9th century

question: What did the Pecheneg frequesntly do over the span of two centuries?

answer: sporadic raids into the lands of Rus

text: sporadic raids into the lands of Rus

question: What year did the Pechenges attack the city of Kiev?

answer: 968

question: Whichgroup was known to support the Pecheneges in their military efforts?

answer: Byzantine Empire

text: Byzantine Empire


text: Located in the Laurelhurst neighborhood, Seattle Children's, formerly Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, is the pediatric referral center for Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho. The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center has a campus in the Eastlake neighborhood. The University District is home to the University of Washington Medical Center which, along with Harborview, is operated by the University of Washington. Seattle is also served by a Veterans Affairs hospital on Beacon Hill, a third campus of Swedish in Ballard, and Northwest Hospital and Medical Center near Northgate Mall.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: Located

text: in

text: the

text: Laurelhurst

text: neighborhood

text: Seattle

text: Children

text: 's

text: formerly

text: Children

text: 's

text: Hospital

text: and

text: Regional

text: Medical

text: Center

text: is

text: the

text: pediatric

text: referral

text: center

text: for

text: Washington

text: Alaska

text: Montana

text: and

text: Idaho

text: The

text: Fred

text: Hutchinson

text: Cancer

text: Research

text: Center

text: has

text: a

text: campus

text: in

text: the

text: Eastlake

text: neighborhood

text: The

text: University

text: District

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Washington

text: Medical

text: Center

text: which

text: along

text: with

text: Harborview

text: is

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Washington

text: Seattle

text: is

text: also

text: served

text: by

text: a

text: Veterans

text: Affairs

text: hospital

text: on

text: Beacon

text: Hill

text: a

text: third

text: campus

text: of

text: Swedish

text: in

text: Ballard

text: and

text: Northwest

text: Hospital

text: and

text: Medical

text: Center

text: near

text: Northgate

text: Mall

question: What kind of hospital is Seattle Children's?

answer: pediatric referral center

text: pediatric referral center

question: Besides serving Washington, Idaho, and Montana, what northern state uses Seattle Children's?

answer: Alaska

text: Alaska

question: What entity operates Harborview?

answer: University of Washington

text: University of Washington

question: In what neighborhood is the Fred Hutchington Cancer Research Center located?

answer: Eastlake

text: Eastlake

question: Where is the Veterans Affairs Hospital located?

answer: Beacon Hill

text: Beacon Hill


text: The New Zealand police attempted to arrest one of the leaders in the demonstration. When he resisted, a struggle developed between the police and the Mau. The officers began to fire randomly into the crowd and a Lewis machine gun, mounted in preparation for this demonstration, was used to disperse the demonstrators. Chief Tamasese was shot from behind and killed while trying to bring calm and order to the Mau demonstrators, screaming "Peace, Samoa". Ten others died that day and approximately 50 were injured by gunshot wounds and police batons. That day would come to be known in Samoa as Black Saturday. The Mau grew, remaining steadfastly non-violent, and expanded to include a highly influential women's branch.

title: Samoa

title: Samoa

text: The

text: New

text: Zealand

text: police

text: attempted

text: to

text: arrest

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: leaders

text: in

text: the

text: demonstration

text: When

text: he

text: resisted

text: a

text: struggle

text: developed

text: between

text: the

text: police

text: and

text: the

text: Mau

text: The

text: officers

text: began

text: to

text: fire

text: randomly

text: into

text: the

text: crowd

text: and

text: a

text: Lewis

text: machine

text: gun

text: mounted

text: in

text: preparation

text: for

text: this

text: demonstration

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: disperse

text: the

text: demonstrators

text: Chief

text: Tamasese

text: was

text: shot

text: from

text: behind

text: and

text: killed

text: while

text: trying

text: to

text: bring

text: calm

text: and

text: order

text: to

text: the

text: Mau

text: demonstrators

text: screaming

text: Peace

text: Samoa

text: Ten

text: others

text: died

text: that

text: day

text: and

text: approximately

text: were

text: injured

text: by

text: gunshot

text: wounds

text: and

text: police

text: batons

text: That

text: day

text: would

text: come

text: to

text: be

text: known

text: in

text: Samoa

text: as

text: Black

text: Saturday

text: The

text: Mau

text: grew

text: remaining

text: steadfastly

text: non

text: violent

text: and

text: expanded

text: to

text: include

text: a

text: highly

text: influential

text: women

text: 's

text: branch

question: What kind of weapon was used against the Mau demonstrators?

answer: Lewis machine gun

text: Lewis machine gun

question: Was Chief Tamasese wounded or killed during the demonstration?

answer: killed

text: killed

question: What was the phrase the Mau's chief shouted to try to calm his people?

answer: "Peace, Samoa"

text: "Peace, Samoa"

question: Besides Chief Tamasese, how many Mau died as a result of the violence that erupted on that day?

answer: Ten

text: Ten

question: What do Samoans call the historical day of the Mau demonstration?

answer: Black Saturday

text: Black Saturday


text: The city of Bern or Berne (German: Bern, pronounced [bɛrn] ( listen); French: Berne [bɛʁn]; Italian: Berna [ˈbɛrna]; Romansh: Berna  [ˈbɛrnɐ] (help·info); Bernese German: Bärn [b̥æːrn]) is the de facto capital of Switzerland, referred to by the Swiss as their (e.g. in German) Bundesstadt, or "federal city".[note 1] With a population of 140,634 (November 2015), Bern is the fifth most populous city in Switzerland. The Bern agglomeration, which includes 36 municipalities, had a population of 406,900 in 2014. The metropolitan area had a population of 660,000 in 2000. Bern is also the capital of the Canton of Bern, the second most populous of Switzerland's cantons.

title: Bern

title: Bern

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Bern

text: or

text: Berne

text: German

text: Bern

text: pronounced

text: bɛrn

text: listen

text: French

text: Berne

text: bɛʁn

text: Italian

text: Berna

text: ˈbɛrna

text: Romansh

text: Berna

text: ˈbɛrnɐ

text: help·info

text: Bernese

text: German

text: Bärn

text: b̥æːrn

text: is

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: capital

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: referred

text: to

text: by

text: the

text: Swiss

text: as

text: their

text: e.g.

text: in

text: German

text: Bundesstadt

text: or

text: federal

text: city".[note

text: With

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: November

text: Bern

text: is

text: the

text: fifth

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Switzerland

text: The

text: Bern

text: agglomeration

text: which

text: includes

text: municipalities

text: had

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: The

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: had

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: Bern

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Canton

text: of

text: Bern

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: 's

text: cantons

question: What city is the de facto capital of Switserland?

answer: Berne

text: Berne

question: What is the second most populous of Switzerland's cantons?

answer: Canton of Bern

text: Canton of Bern

question: Which canton is Berne the capital?

answer: Canton of Bern

text: Canton of Bern

question: How many municipalities are in the Berne agglomeration?

answer: 36 municipalities

text: 36 municipalities

question: What is the population of Berne?

answer: 140,634

question: Where is Bern located?

answer: Switzerland

text: Switzerland

question: How many municiplaities are in Bern?

answer: 36

question: Bern is the capitol of which canton?

answer: Canton of Bern

text: Canton of Bern

question: Where does Bern rank in population in Switzerland?

answer: second

text: second


text: The end of adolescence and the beginning of adulthood varies by country and by function. Furthermore, even within a single nation state or culture there can be different ages at which an individual is considered (chronologically and legally) mature enough for society to entrust them with certain privileges and responsibilities. Such milestones include driving a vehicle, having legal sexual relations, serving in the armed forces or on a jury, purchasing and drinking alcohol, voting, entering into contracts, finishing certain levels of education, and marriage. Adolescence is usually accompanied by an increased independence allowed by the parents or legal guardians, including less supervision as compared to preadolescence.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: The

text: end

text: of

text: adolescence

text: and

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: adulthood

text: varies

text: by

text: country

text: and

text: by

text: function

text: Furthermore

text: even

text: within

text: a

text: single

text: nation

text: state

text: or

text: culture

text: there

text: can

text: be

text: different

text: ages

text: at

text: which

text: an

text: individual

text: is

text: considered

text: chronologically

text: and

text: legally

text: mature

text: enough

text: for

text: society

text: to

text: entrust

text: them

text: with

text: certain

text: privileges

text: and

text: responsibilities

text: Such

text: milestones

text: include

text: driving

text: a

text: vehicle

text: having

text: legal

text: sexual

text: relations

text: serving

text: in

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: or

text: on

text: a

text: jury

text: purchasing

text: and

text: drinking

text: alcohol

text: voting

text: entering

text: into

text: contracts

text: finishing

text: certain

text: levels

text: of

text: education

text: and

text: marriage

text: Adolescence

text: is

text: usually

text: accompanied

text: by

text: an

text: increased

text: independence

text: allowed

text: by

text: the

text: parents

text: or

text: legal

text: guardians

text: including

text: less

text: supervision

text: as

text: compared

text: to

text: preadolescence

question: Is adolescence usually accompanied by increased parental supervision or increased independence?

answer: independence

text: independence

question: Do milestones such as driving a vechile, serving on a jury, voting, and marriage all have a common age of responsibility?

answer: different ages

text: different ages

question: Is the end of adolescence and beginning of adulthood easily agreed upon or does it vary by country?

answer: varies by country

text: varies by country


text: The earliest known American lodges were in Pennsylvania. The Collector for the port of Pennsylvania, John Moore, wrote of attending lodges there in 1715, two years before the formation of the first Grand Lodge in London. The Premier Grand Lodge of England appointed a Provincial Grand Master for North America in 1731, based in Pennsylvania. Other lodges in the colony obtained authorisations from the later Antient Grand Lodge of England, the Grand Lodge of Scotland, and the Grand Lodge of Ireland, which was particularly well represented in the travelling lodges of the British Army. Many lodges came into existence with no warrant from any Grand Lodge, applying and paying for their authorisation only after they were confident of their own survival.

title: Freemasonry

title: Freemasonry

text: The

text: earliest

text: known

text: American

text: lodges

text: were

text: in

text: Pennsylvania

text: The

text: Collector

text: for

text: the

text: port

text: of

text: Pennsylvania

text: John

text: Moore

text: wrote

text: of

text: attending

text: lodges

text: there

text: in

text: two

text: years

text: before

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: in

text: London

text: The

text: Premier

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: England

text: appointed

text: a

text: Provincial

text: Grand

text: Master

text: for

text: North

text: America

text: in

text: based

text: in

text: Pennsylvania

text: Other

text: lodges

text: in

text: the

text: colony

text: obtained

text: authorisations

text: from

text: the

text: later

text: Antient

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: England

text: the

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: Scotland

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: Ireland

text: which

text: was

text: particularly

text: well

text: represented

text: in

text: the

text: travelling

text: lodges

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Army

text: Many

text: lodges

text: came

text: into

text: existence

text: with

text: no

text: warrant

text: from

text: any

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: applying

text: and

text: paying

text: for

text: their

text: authorisation

text: only

text: after

text: they

text: were

text: confident

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: survival

question: Where were the earliest known American Logdes located?

answer: Pennsylvania

text: Pennsylvania

question: What is the earliest that lodges appeared in America?

answer: 1715

question: When was a Provincial Grand Master for North America appointed?

answer: 1731

question: Where did other American Lodges obtain their authoriisations from?

answer: Antient Grand Lodge of England, the Grand Lodge of Scotland, and the Grand Lodge of Ireland

text: Antient Grand Lodge of England, the Grand Lodge of Scotland, and the Grand Lodge of Ireland

question: When did the lodges without prior authorisations apply to be recognized?

answer: after they were confident of their own survival

text: after they were confident of their own survival

question: Where were the earliest lodges in America?

answer: Pennsylvania

text: Pennsylvania

question: Who was the Collector for the port of Pennsylvania in 1715?

answer: John Moore

text: John Moore

question: A Provincial Grand Master for North America was first appointed when?

answer: 1731

question: The Provincial Grand Master for North America was base where?

answer: Pennsylvania

text: Pennsylvania


text: The city is also the home of road bowling, which is played in the north-side and south-west suburbs. There are also boxing and martial arts clubs (including Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Karate, Muay Thai and Taekwondo) within the city. Cork Racing, a motorsport team based in Cork, has raced in the Irish Formula Ford Championship since 2005. Cork also hosts one of Ireland's most successful Australian Rules Football teams, the Leeside Lions, who have won the Australian Rules Football League of Ireland Premiership four times (in 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007). There are also inline roller sports, such as hockey and figure skating, which transfer to the ice over the winter season.[citation needed]

title: Cork_(city)

title: Cork_(city

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: road

text: bowling

text: which

text: is

text: played

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: side

text: and

text: south

text: west

text: suburbs

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: boxing

text: and

text: martial

text: arts

text: clubs

text: including

text: Brazilian

text: jiu

text: jitsu

text: Karate

text: Muay

text: Thai

text: and

text: Taekwondo

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: Cork

text: Racing

text: a

text: motorsport

text: team

text: based

text: in

text: Cork

text: has

text: raced

text: in

text: the

text: Irish

text: Formula

text: Ford

text: Championship

text: since

text: Cork

text: also

text: hosts

text: one

text: of

text: Ireland

text: 's

text: most

text: successful

text: Australian

text: Rules

text: Football

text: teams

text: the

text: Leeside

text: Lions

text: who

text: have

text: won

text: the

text: Australian

text: Rules

text: Football

text: League

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Premiership

text: four

text: times

text: in

text: and

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: inline

text: roller

text: sports

text: such

text: as

text: hockey

text: and

text: figure

text: skating

text: which

text: transfer

text: to

text: the

text: ice

text: over

text: the

text: winter

text: season.[citation

text: needed

question: Which Australian Rules Football team is Cork home to?

answer: Leeside Lions

text: Leeside Lions

question: How many times have the Leeside Lions won the Australian Rules Football League of Ireland Premiership?

answer: four

text: four

question: When did the Leeside Lions win the Australian Rules Football League of Ireland Premiership?

answer: 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007

text: 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007

question: Which inline roller sports translate well to winter in Cork?

answer: hockey and figure skating

text: hockey and figure skating

question: What Martial Arts can be found within Cork?

answer: Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Karate, Muay Thai and Taekwondo

text: Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Karate, Muay Thai and Taekwondo


text: Frustrated by the wasted effort, and with demands for action from their citizens, the allied force decided to attack the center of Russian strength in the Black Sea at Sevastopol on the Crimean peninsula. After extended preparations, the forces landed on the peninsula in September 1854 and fought their way to a point south of Sevastopol after a series of successful battles. The Russians counterattacked on 25 October in what became the Battle of Balaclava and were repulsed, but at the cost of seriously depleting the British Army forces. A second counterattack, ordered personally by Nicholas, was defeated by Omar Pasha. The front settled into a siege and led to horrible conditions for troops on both sides. Smaller actions were carried out in the Baltic, the Caucasus, the White Sea and in the North Pacific.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: Frustrated

text: by

text: the

text: wasted

text: effort

text: and

text: with

text: demands

text: for

text: action

text: from

text: their

text: citizens

text: the

text: allied

text: force

text: decided

text: to

text: attack

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: Russian

text: strength

text: in

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: at

text: Sevastopol

text: on

text: the

text: Crimean

text: peninsula

text: After

text: extended

text: preparations

text: the

text: forces

text: landed

text: on

text: the

text: peninsula

text: in

text: September

text: and

text: fought

text: their

text: way

text: to

text: a

text: point

text: south

text: of

text: Sevastopol

text: after

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: successful

text: battles

text: The

text: Russians

text: counterattacked

text: on

text: October

text: in

text: what

text: became

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Balaclava

text: and

text: were

text: repulsed

text: but

text: at

text: the

text: cost

text: of

text: seriously

text: depleting

text: the

text: British

text: Army

text: forces

text: A

text: second

text: counterattack

text: ordered

text: personally

text: by

text: Nicholas

text: was

text: defeated

text: by

text: Omar

text: Pasha

text: The

text: front

text: settled

text: into

text: a

text: siege

text: and

text: led

text: to

text: horrible

text: conditions

text: for

text: troops

text: on

text: both

text: sides

text: Smaller

text: actions

text: were

text: carried

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: the

text: White

text: Sea

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Pacific

question: Near what sea did the allies decide to attack the Russians?

answer: Black Sea

text: Black Sea

question: In what year did the allies land on the Crimean peninsula?

answer: 1854

question: The battle of Battle of Balaclava took place in what month?

answer: October

text: October

question: Who defeated Nicholas's second counter strike at the Battle of Balaclava?

answer: Omar Pasha

text: Omar Pasha

question: The Crimean peninsula is located in what city?

answer: Sevastopol

text: Sevastopol


text: Over time, Roman architecture was modified as their urban requirements changed, and the civil engineering and building construction technology became developed and refined. The Roman concrete has remained a riddle, and even after more than 2,000 years some Roman structures still stand magnificently. The architectural style of the capital city was emulated by other urban centers under Roman control and influence. Roman cities were well planned, efficiently managed and neatly maintained.[citation needed]

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: Over

text: time

text: Roman

text: architecture

text: was

text: modified

text: as

text: their

text: urban

text: requirements

text: changed

text: and

text: the

text: civil

text: engineering

text: and

text: building

text: construction

text: technology

text: became

text: developed

text: and

text: refined

text: The

text: Roman

text: concrete

text: has

text: remained

text: a

text: riddle

text: and

text: even

text: after

text: more

text: than

text: years

text: some

text: Roman

text: structures

text: still

text: stand

text: magnificently

text: The

text: architectural

text: style

text: of

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: was

text: emulated

text: by

text: other

text: urban

text: centers

text: under

text: Roman

text: control

text: and

text: influence

text: Roman

text: cities

text: were

text: well

text: planned

text: efficiently

text: managed

text: and

text: neatly

text: maintained.[citation

text: needed

question: What was a primary cause of the modification of Roman architectural elements?

answer: urban requirements changed

text: urban requirements changed

question: What Roman construction material has continued to be a mystery to this day?

answer: Roman concrete

text: Roman concrete

question: Do any Roman structures still exist in our time?

answer: even after more than 2,000 years some Roman structures still stand magnificently

text: even after more than 2,000 years some Roman structures still stand magnificently

question: What facet of the capital city was emulated by other urban centers in the Roman Republic?

answer: The architectural style

text: The architectural style


text: In 1903, after British victory in the Anglo-Boer war, Swaziland became a British protectorate. Much of its early administration (for example, postal services) being carried out from South Africa until 1906 when the Transvaal colony was granted self-government. Following this, Swaziland was partitioned into European and non-European (or native reserves) areas with the former being two-thirds of the total land. Sobhuza's official coronation was in December 1921 after the regency of Labotsibeni after which he led an unsuccessful deputation to the Privy council in London in 1922 regarding the issue of the land.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: In

text: after

text: British

text: victory

text: in

text: the

text: Anglo

text: Boer

text: war

text: Swaziland

text: became

text: a

text: British

text: protectorate

text: Much

text: of

text: its

text: early

text: administration

text: for

text: example

text: postal

text: services

text: being

text: carried

text: out

text: from

text: South

text: Africa

text: until

text: when

text: the

text: Transvaal

text: colony

text: was

text: granted

text: self

text: government

text: Following

text: this

text: Swaziland

text: was

text: partitioned

text: into

text: European

text: and

text: non

text: European

text: or

text: native

text: reserves

text: areas

text: with

text: the

text: former

text: being

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: land

text: Sobhuza

text: 's

text: official

text: coronation

text: was

text: in

text: December

text: after

text: the

text: regency

text: of

text: Labotsibeni

text: after

text: which

text: he

text: led

text: an

text: unsuccessful

text: deputation

text: to

text: the

text: Privy

text: council

text: in

text: London

text: in

text: regarding

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: the

text: land

question: In what year did the British take Swaziland on as a protectorate?

answer: 1903

question: What 1903 conflict involving the British caused Swaziland to become a protectorate?

answer: Anglo-Boer war

text: Anglo-Boer war

question: In what year was Swaziland given self governance?

answer: 1906

question: How much of Swaziland did the European area contain after the portioning?

answer: two-thirds of the total land

text: two-thirds of the total land

question: When was Sobhuza coronated?

answer: December 1921

text: December 1921


text: In 2005, fugitive Puerto Rican Nationalist leader Filiberto Ojeda Ríos died in a gun battle with FBI agents in 2005 in what some charged was an assassination.[citation needed] Puerto Rico Governor Aníbal Acevedo Vilá criticized the FBI assault as "improper" and "highly irregular" and demanded to know why his government was not informed of it. The FBI refused to release information beyond the official press release, citing security and agent privacy issues. The Puerto Rico Justice Department filed suit in federal court against the FBI and the US Attorney General, demanding information crucial to the Commonwealth's own investigation of the incident. The case was dismissed by the U.S Supreme Court. Ojeda Rios' funeral was attended by a long list of dignitaries, including the highest authority of the Roman Catholic Church in Puerto Rico, Archbishop Roberto Octavio González Nieves, ex-Governor Rafael Hernández Colón, and numerous other personalities.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: In

text: fugitive

text: Puerto

text: Rican

text: Nationalist

text: leader

text: Filiberto

text: Ojeda

text: Ríos

text: died

text: in

text: a

text: gun

text: battle

text: with

text: FBI

text: agents

text: in

text: in

text: what

text: some

text: charged

text: was

text: an

text: assassination.[citation

text: needed

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: Governor

text: Aníbal

text: Acevedo

text: Vilá

text: criticized

text: the

text: FBI

text: assault

text: as

text: improper

text: and

text: highly

text: irregular

text: and

text: demanded

text: to

text: know

text: why

text: his

text: government

text: was

text: not

text: informed

text: of

text: it

text: The

text: FBI

text: refused

text: to

text: release

text: information

text: beyond

text: the

text: official

text: press

text: release

text: citing

text: security

text: and

text: agent

text: privacy

text: issues

text: The

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: Justice

text: Department

text: filed

text: suit

text: in

text: federal

text: court

text: against

text: the

text: FBI

text: and

text: the

text: US

text: Attorney

text: General

text: demanding

text: information

text: crucial

text: to

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: 's

text: own

text: investigation

text: of

text: the

text: incident

text: The

text: case

text: was

text: dismissed

text: by

text: the

text: U.S

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: Ojeda

text: Rios

text: funeral

text: was

text: attended

text: by

text: a

text: long

text: list

text: of

text: dignitaries

text: including

text: the

text: highest

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: in

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: Archbishop

text: Roberto

text: Octavio

text: González

text: Nieves

text: ex

text: Governor

text: Rafael

text: Hernández

text: Colón

text: and

text: numerous

text: other

text: personalities

question: When did Puerto Rican Nationalist Filiberto Ojeda Ríos die?

answer: 2005

question: Who killed Filiberto Ojeda Ríos?

answer: FBI agents

text: FBI agents

question: How did some people describe Filiberto Ojeda Ríos's death?

answer: assassination

text: assassination

question: How did the FBI respond to requests to release information beyond the initial press release?

answer: The FBI refused

text: The FBI refused

question: What US court dismissed the Puerto Rican case for information crucial to their own investigation of Filiberto Ojeda Ríos's killing?

answer: Supreme Court

text: Supreme Court


text: Downtown New Haven, occupied by nearly 7,000 residents, has a more residential character than most downtowns. The downtown area provides about half of the city's jobs and half of its tax base and in recent years has become filled with dozens of new upscale restaurants, several of which have garnered national praise (such as Ibiza, recognized by Esquire and Wine Spectator magazines as well as the New York Times as the best Spanish food in the country), in addition to shops and thousands of apartments and condominium units which subsequently help overall growth of the city.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: Downtown

text: New

text: Haven

text: occupied

text: by

text: nearly

text: residents

text: has

text: a

text: more

text: residential

text: character

text: than

text: most

text: downtowns

text: The

text: downtown

text: area

text: provides

text: about

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: jobs

text: and

text: half

text: of

text: its

text: tax

text: base

text: and

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: has

text: become

text: filled

text: with

text: dozens

text: of

text: new

text: upscale

text: restaurants

text: several

text: of

text: which

text: have

text: garnered

text: national

text: praise

text: such

text: as

text: Ibiza

text: recognized

text: by

text: Esquire

text: and

text: Wine

text: Spectator

text: magazines

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Times

text: as

text: the

text: best

text: Spanish

text: food

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: shops

text: and

text: thousands

text: of

text: apartments

text: and

text: condominium

text: units

text: which

text: subsequently

text: help

text: overall

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: city

question: Approximately how many residents make up the population of downtown New Haven?

answer: 7,000

question: What downtown New Haven restaurant was cited by the New York Times, Esquire and Wine Spectator for its outstanding Spanish cuisine?

answer: Ibiza

text: Ibiza

question: Downtown New Haven contributes approximately what amount of the overall tax base for the area?

answer: half

text: half

question: Downtown New Haven contributes approximately how many jobs to the city?

answer: about half

text: about half

question: How many people live in downtown New Haven?

answer: 7,000 residents

text: 7,000 residents

question: In terms of economy the downtown portion is responsible for what?

answer: half of the city's jobs

text: half of the city's jobs

question: Of the downtown area what gets the most positive media coverage?

answer: new upscale restaurants

text: new upscale restaurants

question: What has help the most with the continuous growth within the area?

answer: thousands of apartments and condominium

text: thousands of apartments and condominium


text: Israeli cuisine includes local dishes as well as dishes brought to the country by Jewish immigrants from the diaspora. Since the establishment of the State in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli fusion cuisine has developed. Roughly half of the Israeli-Jewish population attests to keeping kosher at home. Kosher restaurants, though rare in the 1960s, make up around 25% of the total as of 2015[update], perhaps reflecting the largely secular values of those who dine out. Hotel restaurants are much more likely to serve kosher food. The non-kosher retail market was traditionally sparse, but grew rapidly and considerably following the influx of immigrants from Eastern Europe and Russia during the 1990s. Together with non-kosher fish, rabbits and ostriches, pork—often called "white meat" in Israel—is produced and consumed, though it is forbidden by both Judaism and Islam.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Israeli

text: cuisine

text: includes

text: local

text: dishes

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: dishes

text: brought

text: to

text: the

text: country

text: by

text: Jewish

text: immigrants

text: from

text: the

text: diaspora

text: Since

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: in

text: and

text: particularly

text: since

text: the

text: late

text: an

text: Israeli

text: fusion

text: cuisine

text: has

text: developed

text: Roughly

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: Israeli

text: Jewish

text: population

text: attests

text: to

text: keeping

text: kosher

text: at

text: home

text: Kosher

text: restaurants

text: though

text: rare

text: in

text: the

text: make

text: up

text: around

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: as

text: of

text: perhaps

text: reflecting

text: the

text: largely

text: secular

text: values

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: dine

text: out

text: Hotel

text: restaurants

text: are

text: much

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: serve

text: kosher

text: food

text: The

text: non

text: kosher

text: retail

text: market

text: was

text: traditionally

text: sparse

text: but

text: grew

text: rapidly

text: and

text: considerably

text: following

text: the

text: influx

text: of

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Russia

text: during

text: the

text: Together

text: with

text: non

text: kosher

text: fish

text: rabbits

text: and

text: ostriches

text: pork

text: often

text: called

text: white

text: meat

text: in

text: Israel

text: is

text: produced

text: and

text: consumed

text: though

text: it

text: is

text: forbidden

text: by

text: both

text: Judaism

text: and

text: Islam

question: When was Israeli fusion cuisine first developed?

answer: 1948

question: Kosher restaurants make up what percent of total restaurants?

answer: 25%

question: What is pork often called in Israel?

answer: white meat

text: white meat


text: Buddhist scholars have produced a number of intellectual theories, philosophies and world view concepts (see, for example, Abhidharma, Buddhist philosophy and Reality in Buddhism). Some schools of Buddhism discourage doctrinal study, and some regard it as essential practice.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Buddhist

text: scholars

text: have

text: produced

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: intellectual

text: theories

text: philosophies

text: and

text: world

text: view

text: concepts

text: see

text: for

text: example

text: Abhidharma

text: Buddhist

text: philosophy

text: and

text: Reality

text: in

text: Buddhism

text: Some

text: schools

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: discourage

text: doctrinal

text: study

text: and

text: some

text: regard

text: it

text: as

text: essential

text: practice

question: What are some of the theories and philosophies produced by Buddhist scholars?

answer: Abhidharma, Buddhist philosophy and Reality in Buddhism

text: Abhidharma, Buddhist philosophy and Reality in Buddhism

question: Does Buddhism encourage or discourage doctrinal studies?

answer: Some schools of Buddhism discourage doctrinal study, and some regard it as essential practice.

text: Some schools of Buddhism discourage doctrinal study, and some regard it as essential practice.

question: Who has produced a number of theories and concepts such as Abhidharma and Reality in Buddhism?

answer: Buddhist scholars

text: Buddhist scholars

question: Some schools within Buddhism discourage what type of study?

answer: doctrinal

text: doctrinal


text: As the premiers did not come to an agreement on this question, the Parliamentary Council was supposed to address this issue. Its provisions are reflected in Article 29. There was a binding provision for a new delimitation of the federal territory: the Federal Territory must be revised ... (paragraph 1). Moreover, in territories or parts of territories whose affiliation with a Land had changed after 8 May 1945 without a referendum, people were allowed to petition for a revision of the current status within a year after the promulgation of the Basic Law (paragraph 2). If at least one tenth of those entitled to vote in Bundestag elections were in favour of a revision, the federal government had to include the proposal into its legislation. Then a referendum was required in each territory or part of a territory whose affiliation was to be changed (paragraph 3). The proposal should not take effect if within any of the affected territories a majority rejected the change. In this case, the bill had to be introduced again and after passing had to be confirmed by referendum in the Federal Republic as a whole (paragraph 4). The reorganization should be completed within three years after the Basic Law had come into force (paragraph 6).

title: States_of_Germany

title: States_of_Germany

text: As

text: the

text: premiers

text: did

text: not

text: come

text: to

text: an

text: agreement

text: on

text: this

text: question

text: the

text: Parliamentary

text: Council

text: was

text: supposed

text: to

text: address

text: this

text: issue

text: Its

text: provisions

text: are

text: reflected

text: in

text: Article

text: There

text: was

text: a

text: binding

text: provision

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: delimitation

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: territory

text: the

text: Federal

text: Territory

text: must

text: be

text: revised

text: paragraph

text: Moreover

text: in

text: territories

text: or

text: parts

text: of

text: territories

text: whose

text: affiliation

text: with

text: a

text: Land

text: had

text: changed

text: after

text: May

text: without

text: a

text: referendum

text: people

text: were

text: allowed

text: to

text: petition

text: for

text: a

text: revision

text: of

text: the

text: current

text: status

text: within

text: a

text: year

text: after

text: the

text: promulgation

text: of

text: the

text: Basic

text: Law

text: paragraph

text: If

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: tenth

text: of

text: those

text: entitled

text: to

text: vote

text: in

text: Bundestag

text: elections

text: were

text: in

text: favour

text: of

text: a

text: revision

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: had

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: proposal

text: into

text: its

text: legislation

text: Then

text: a

text: referendum

text: was

text: required

text: in

text: each

text: territory

text: or

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: territory

text: whose

text: affiliation

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: changed

text: paragraph

text: The

text: proposal

text: should

text: not

text: take

text: effect

text: if

text: within

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: affected

text: territories

text: a

text: majority

text: rejected

text: the

text: change

text: In

text: this

text: case

text: the

text: bill

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: introduced

text: again

text: and

text: after

text: passing

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: confirmed

text: by

text: referendum

text: in

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: paragraph

text: The

text: reorganization

text: should

text: be

text: completed

text: within

text: three

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: Basic

text: Law

text: had

text: come

text: into

text: force

text: paragraph

question: In the revision of Article 29, what was a binding provision for a new delimitation of the federal territory?

answer: the Federal Territory must be revised

text: the Federal Territory must be revised

question: How much of the population must have been in favor of the revision?

answer: one tenth

text: one tenth

question: What was required in each territory or part of a territory whose affiliation was to be changed?

answer: a referendum

text: a referendum

question: Which paragraph stated that reorganization should be completed within three years after the Basic Law had come into force?

answer: paragraph 6

text: paragraph 6


text: In 2012, New York City had the lowest overall crime rate and the second lowest murder rate among the largest U.S. cities, having become significantly safer after a spike in crime in the 1970s through 1990s. Violent crime in New York City decreased more than 75% from 1993 to 2005, and continued decreasing during periods when the nation as a whole saw increases. By 2002, New York City's crime rate was similar to that of Provo, Utah, and was ranked 197th in crime among the 216 U.S. cities with populations greater than 100,000. In 2005 the homicide rate was at its lowest level since 1966, and in 2007 the city recorded fewer than 500 homicides for the first time ever since crime statistics were first published in 1963. In the first six months of 2010, 95.1% of all murder victims and 95.9% of all shooting victims in New York City were black or Hispanic; additionally, 90.2 percent of those arrested for murder and 96.7 percent of those arrested for shooting someone were black or Hispanic. New York experienced a record low of 328 homicides in 2014 and has a far lower murder rate than other major American cities.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: In

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: had

text: the

text: lowest

text: overall

text: crime

text: rate

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: lowest

text: murder

text: rate

text: among

text: the

text: largest

text: U.S.

text: cities

text: having

text: become

text: significantly

text: safer

text: after

text: a

text: spike

text: in

text: crime

text: in

text: the

text: through

text: Violent

text: crime

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: decreased

text: more

text: than

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: continued

text: decreasing

text: during

text: periods

text: when

text: the

text: nation

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: saw

text: increases

text: By

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: 's

text: crime

text: rate

text: was

text: similar

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: Provo

text: Utah

text: and

text: was

text: ranked

text: in

text: crime

text: among

text: the

text: U.S.

text: cities

text: with

text: populations

text: greater

text: than

text: In

text: the

text: homicide

text: rate

text: was

text: at

text: its

text: lowest

text: level

text: since

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: recorded

text: fewer

text: than

text: homicides

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: ever

text: since

text: crime

text: statistics

text: were

text: first

text: published

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: six

text: months

text: of

text: of

text: all

text: murder

text: victims

text: and

text: of

text: all

text: shooting

text: victims

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: were

text: black

text: or

text: Hispanic

text: additionally

text: percent

text: of

text: those

text: arrested

text: for

text: murder

text: and

text: percent

text: of

text: those

text: arrested

text: for

text: shooting

text: someone

text: were

text: black

text: or

text: Hispanic

text: New

text: York

text: experienced

text: a

text: record

text: low

text: of

text: homicides

text: in

text: and

text: has

text: a

text: far

text: lower

text: murder

text: rate

text: than

text: other

text: major

text: American

text: cities

question: What was the low record for homicides in 2014 in NYC?

answer: 328

question: What percentage decrease in violent crime did the city see between 1993 and 2005?

answer: 75%

question: As of 2002, to what city did New York have a comparable crime rate?

answer: Provo, Utah

text: Provo, Utah

question: In what year did the city have less than 500 homicides?

answer: 2007

question: How many homicides were there in New York City in 2014?

answer: 328

question: In the first half of 2010, what percentage of shooting victims were African-American or Hispanic?

answer: 95.9%


text: Some organisms have multiple copies of chromosomes: diploid, triploid, tetraploid and so on. In classical genetics, in a sexually reproducing organism (typically eukarya) the gamete has half the number of chromosomes of the somatic cell and the genome is a full set of chromosomes in a diploid cell. The halving of the genetic material in gametes is accomplished by the segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. In haploid organisms, including cells of bacteria, archaea, and in organelles including mitochondria and chloroplasts, or viruses, that similarly contain genes, the single or set of circular or linear chains of DNA (or RNA for some viruses), likewise constitute the genome. The term genome can be applied specifically to mean what is stored on a complete set of nuclear DNA (i.e., the "nuclear genome") but can also be applied to what is stored within organelles that contain their own DNA, as with the "mitochondrial genome" or the "chloroplast genome". Additionally, the genome can comprise non-chromosomal genetic elements such as viruses, plasmids, and transposable elements.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: Some

text: organisms

text: have

text: multiple

text: copies

text: of

text: chromosomes

text: diploid

text: triploid

text: tetraploid

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: In

text: classical

text: genetics

text: in

text: a

text: sexually

text: reproducing

text: organism

text: typically

text: eukarya

text: the

text: gamete

text: has

text: half

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: chromosomes

text: of

text: the

text: somatic

text: cell

text: and

text: the

text: genome

text: is

text: a

text: full

text: set

text: of

text: chromosomes

text: in

text: a

text: diploid

text: cell

text: The

text: halving

text: of

text: the

text: genetic

text: material

text: in

text: gametes

text: is

text: accomplished

text: by

text: the

text: segregation

text: of

text: homologous

text: chromosomes

text: during

text: meiosis

text: In

text: haploid

text: organisms

text: including

text: cells

text: of

text: bacteria

text: archaea

text: and

text: in

text: organelles

text: including

text: mitochondria

text: and

text: chloroplasts

text: or

text: viruses

text: that

text: similarly

text: contain

text: genes

text: the

text: single

text: or

text: set

text: of

text: circular

text: or

text: linear

text: chains

text: of

text: DNA

text: or

text: RNA

text: for

text: some

text: viruses

text: likewise

text: constitute

text: the

text: genome

text: The

text: term

text: genome

text: can

text: be

text: applied

text: specifically

text: to

text: mean

text: what

text: is

text: stored

text: on

text: a

text: complete

text: set

text: of

text: nuclear

text: DNA

text: i.e.

text: the

text: nuclear

text: genome

text: but

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: applied

text: to

text: what

text: is

text: stored

text: within

text: organelles

text: that

text: contain

text: their

text: own

text: DNA

text: as

text: with

text: the

text: mitochondrial

text: genome

text: or

text: the

text: chloroplast

text: genome

text: Additionally

text: the

text: genome

text: can

text: comprise

text: non

text: chromosomal

text: genetic

text: elements

text: such

text: as

text: viruses

text: plasmids

text: and

text: transposable

text: elements

question: A gamate has how many chromosomes relative to a somatic cell?

answer: half

text: half

question: What process splits the chromosome between gametes?

answer: meiosis

text: meiosis

question: What are two cellular organelles which contain genetic material?

answer: mitochondria and chloroplasts

text: mitochondria and chloroplasts


text: However, the crisis did not exist in a void; it came after a long series of diplomatic clashes between the Great Powers over European and colonial issues in the decade prior to 1914 which had left tensions high. The diplomatic clashes can be traced to changes in the balance of power in Europe since 1870. An example is the Baghdad Railway which was planned to connect the Ottoman Empire cities of Konya and Baghdad with a line through modern-day Turkey, Syria and Iraq. The railway became a source of international disputes during the years immediately preceding World War I. Although it has been argued that they were resolved in 1914 before the war began, it has also been argued that the railroad was a cause of the First World War. Fundamentally the war was sparked by tensions over territory in the Balkans. Austria-Hungary competed with Serbia and Russia for territory and influence in the region and they pulled the rest of the great powers into the conflict through their various alliances and treaties. The Balkan Wars were two wars in South-eastern Europe in 1912–1913 in the course of which the Balkan League (Bulgaria, Montenegro, Greece, and Serbia) first captured Ottoman-held remaining part of Thessaly, Macedonia, Epirus, Albania and most of Thrace and then fell out over the division of the spoils, with incorporation of Romania this time.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: However

text: the

text: crisis

text: did

text: not

text: exist

text: in

text: a

text: void

text: it

text: came

text: after

text: a

text: long

text: series

text: of

text: diplomatic

text: clashes

text: between

text: the

text: Great

text: Powers

text: over

text: European

text: and

text: colonial

text: issues

text: in

text: the

text: decade

text: prior

text: to

text: which

text: had

text: left

text: tensions

text: high

text: The

text: diplomatic

text: clashes

text: can

text: be

text: traced

text: to

text: changes

text: in

text: the

text: balance

text: of

text: power

text: in

text: Europe

text: since

text: An

text: example

text: is

text: the

text: Baghdad

text: Railway

text: which

text: was

text: planned

text: to

text: connect

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: cities

text: of

text: Konya

text: and

text: Baghdad

text: with

text: a

text: line

text: through

text: modern

text: day

text: Turkey

text: Syria

text: and

text: Iraq

text: The

text: railway

text: became

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: international

text: disputes

text: during

text: the

text: years

text: immediately

text: preceding

text: World

text: War

text: I.

text: Although

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: argued

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: resolved

text: in

text: before

text: the

text: war

text: began

text: it

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: argued

text: that

text: the

text: railroad

text: was

text: a

text: cause

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: Fundamentally

text: the

text: war

text: was

text: sparked

text: by

text: tensions

text: over

text: territory

text: in

text: the

text: Balkans

text: Austria

text: Hungary

text: competed

text: with

text: Serbia

text: and

text: Russia

text: for

text: territory

text: and

text: influence

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: and

text: they

text: pulled

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: great

text: powers

text: into

text: the

text: conflict

text: through

text: their

text: various

text: alliances

text: and

text: treaties

text: The

text: Balkan

text: Wars

text: were

text: two

text: wars

text: in

text: South

text: eastern

text: Europe

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: Balkan

text: League

text: Bulgaria

text: Montenegro

text: Greece

text: and

text: Serbia

text: first

text: captured

text: Ottoman

text: held

text: remaining

text: part

text: of

text: Thessaly

text: Macedonia

text: Epirus

text: Albania

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: Thrace

text: and

text: then

text: fell

text: out

text: over

text: the

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: spoils

text: with

text: incorporation

text: of

text: Romania

text: this

text: time

question: Where was the Baghdad Railway Suppose to connect?

answer: Ottoman Empire cities of Konya and Baghdad with a line through modern-day Turkey, Syria and Iraq

text: Ottoman Empire cities of Konya and Baghdad with a line through modern-day Turkey, Syria and Iraq

question: What fundamental cause started the war in 1914?

answer: tensions over territory in the Balkans.

text: tensions over territory in the Balkans.

question: Who did Austria-Hungary war with over territory?

answer: Serbia and Russia

text: Serbia and Russia

question: Where did the Balkan wars take place?

answer: South-eastern Europe

text: South-eastern Europe

question: Why did Albania fall out with Thessaly, Macedonia and Epirus?

answer: over the division of the spoils

text: over the division of the spoils


text: Once known as "the Gibraltar of the West" and "Fortress Bermuda", Bermuda today is defended by forces of the British government. For the first two centuries of settlement, the most potent armed force operating from Bermuda was its merchant shipping fleet, which turned to privateering at every opportunity. The Bermuda government maintained a local militia. After the American Revolutionary War, Bermuda was established as the Western Atlantic headquarters of the Royal Navy. Once the Royal Navy established a base and dockyard defended by regular soldiers, however, the militias were disbanded following the War of 1812. At the end of the 19th century, the colony raised volunteer units to form a reserve for the military garrison.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: Once

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Gibraltar

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: and

text: Fortress

text: Bermuda

text: Bermuda

text: today

text: is

text: defended

text: by

text: forces

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: For

text: the

text: first

text: two

text: centuries

text: of

text: settlement

text: the

text: most

text: potent

text: armed

text: force

text: operating

text: from

text: Bermuda

text: was

text: its

text: merchant

text: shipping

text: fleet

text: which

text: turned

text: to

text: privateering

text: at

text: every

text: opportunity

text: The

text: Bermuda

text: government

text: maintained

text: a

text: local

text: militia

text: After

text: the

text: American

text: Revolutionary

text: War

text: Bermuda

text: was

text: established

text: as

text: the

text: Western

text: Atlantic

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: Once

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: established

text: a

text: base

text: and

text: dockyard

text: defended

text: by

text: regular

text: soldiers

text: however

text: the

text: militias

text: were

text: disbanded

text: following

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: colony

text: raised

text: volunteer

text: units

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: reserve

text: for

text: the

text: military

text: garrison

question: Due to the British goverment's defense forces, what are two nicknames for bermuda?

answer: the Gibraltar of the West" and "Fortress Bermuda"

text: the Gibraltar of the West" and "Fortress Bermuda"

question: What did Bermuda's merchant shipping fleet do whenever it had the chance?

answer: turned to privateering

text: turned to privateering

question: What was Bermuda established as after the American Revolutionary War?

answer: Western Atlantic headquarters of the Royal Navy.

text: Western Atlantic headquarters of the Royal Navy.

question: When were the militias in Bermuda disbanded?

answer: following the War of 1812

text: following the War of 1812

question: How did the colony form a military garrison in the 19th century?

answer: raised volunteer units to form a reserve

text: raised volunteer units to form a reserve


text: The Pala Empire (Bengali: পাল সাম্রাজ্য Pal Samrajyô) flourished during the Classical period of India, and may be dated during 750–1174 CE. Founded by Gopala I, it was ruled by a Buddhist dynasty from Bengal in the eastern region of the Indian subcontinent. Though the Palas were followers of the Mahayana and Tantric schools of Buddhism, they also patronised Shaivism and Vaishnavism. The morpheme Pala, meaning "protector", was used as an ending for the names of all the Pala monarchs. The empire reached its peak under Dharmapala and Devapala. Dharmapala is believed to have conquered Kanauj and extended his sway up to the farthest limits of India in the northwest. The Pala Empire can be considered as the golden era of Bengal in many ways. Dharmapala founded the Vikramashila and revived Nalanda, considered one of the first great universities in recorded history. Nalanda reached its height under the patronage of the Pala Empire. The Palas also built many viharas. They maintained close cultural and commercial ties with countries of Southeast Asia and Tibet. Sea trade added greatly to the prosperity of the Pala kingdom. The Arab merchant Suleiman notes the enormity of the Pala army in his memoirs.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: The

text: Pala

text: Empire

text: Bengali

text: পাল

text: সাম্রাজ্য

text: Pal

text: Samrajyô

text: flourished

text: during

text: the

text: Classical

text: period

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: dated

text: during

text: CE

text: Founded

text: by

text: Gopala

text: I

text: it

text: was

text: ruled

text: by

text: a

text: Buddhist

text: dynasty

text: from

text: Bengal

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: Though

text: the

text: Palas

text: were

text: followers

text: of

text: the

text: Mahayana

text: and

text: Tantric

text: schools

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: they

text: also

text: patronised

text: Shaivism

text: and

text: Vaishnavism

text: The

text: morpheme

text: Pala

text: meaning

text: protector

text: was

text: used

text: as

text: an

text: ending

text: for

text: the

text: names

text: of

text: all

text: the

text: Pala

text: monarchs

text: The

text: empire

text: reached

text: its

text: peak

text: under

text: Dharmapala

text: and

text: Devapala

text: Dharmapala

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: have

text: conquered

text: Kanauj

text: and

text: extended

text: his

text: sway

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: farthest

text: limits

text: of

text: India

text: in

text: the

text: northwest

text: The

text: Pala

text: Empire

text: can

text: be

text: considered

text: as

text: the

text: golden

text: era

text: of

text: Bengal

text: in

text: many

text: ways

text: Dharmapala

text: founded

text: the

text: Vikramashila

text: and

text: revived

text: Nalanda

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: great

text: universities

text: in

text: recorded

text: history

text: Nalanda

text: reached

text: its

text: height

text: under

text: the

text: patronage

text: of

text: the

text: Pala

text: Empire

text: The

text: Palas

text: also

text: built

text: many

text: viharas

text: They

text: maintained

text: close

text: cultural

text: and

text: commercial

text: ties

text: with

text: countries

text: of

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: and

text: Tibet

text: Sea

text: trade

text: added

text: greatly

text: to

text: the

text: prosperity

text: of

text: the

text: Pala

text: kingdom

text: The

text: Arab

text: merchant

text: Suleiman

text: notes

text: the

text: enormity

text: of

text: the

text: Pala

text: army

text: in

text: his

text: memoirs

question: During what span of time did the Pala Empire thrive?

answer: 750–1174 CE

text: 750–1174 CE

question: What style of belief system did the Pala Empire favor?

answer: Buddhist

text: Buddhist

question: What is the term used to describe the Pala Empire?

answer: golden era of Bengal

text: golden era of Bengal

question: What educational center reached it height during the Pala rule?

answer: Nalanda

text: Nalanda

question: What ruler founded the Pala dynasty?

answer: Gopala I

text: Gopala I


text: The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members. Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the collections are on permanent display at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in the V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery and included in temporary exhibitions at the RIBA and across Europe and North America. Its collections include:

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

text: The

text: British

text: Architectural

text: Library

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: RIBA

text: Library

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: upon

text: the

text: founding

text: of

text: the

text: institute

text: with

text: donations

text: from

text: members

text: Now

text: with

text: over

text: four

text: million

text: items

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: largest

text: architectural

text: libraries

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: Europe

text: Some

text: items

text: from

text: the

text: collections

text: are

text: on

text: permanent

text: display

text: at

text: the

text: Victoria

text: and

text: Albert

text: Museum

text: V&A

text: in

text: the

text: V&A

text: RIBA

text: Architecture

text: Gallery

text: and

text: included

text: in

text: temporary

text: exhibitions

text: at

text: the

text: RIBA

text: and

text: across

text: Europe

text: and

text: North

text: America

text: Its

text: collections

text: include

question: What is another name for the Royal Institute Library?

answer: The British Architectural Library

text: The British Architectural Library

question: When was the RIBA library founded?

answer: 1834

question: How many materials are housed in the RIBA library?

answer: over four million

text: over four million

question: The British Architectural Library is the biggest library of its kind in which continent?

answer: Europe

text: Europe

question: In what institution are some materials from the RIBA collection located?

answer: Victoria and Albert Museum

text: Victoria and Albert Museum


text: In 2010, the G.R. N'Namdi Gallery opened in a 16,000-square-foot (1,500 m2) complex in Midtown. Important history of America and the Detroit area are exhibited at The Henry Ford in Dearborn, the United States' largest indoor-outdoor museum complex. The Detroit Historical Society provides information about tours of area churches, skyscrapers, and mansions. Inside Detroit, meanwhile, hosts tours, educational programming, and a downtown welcome center. Other sites of interest are the Detroit Zoo in Royal Oak, the Cranbrook Art Museum in Bloomfield Hills, the Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory on Belle Isle, and Walter P. Chrysler Museum in Auburn Hills.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: In

text: the

text: G.R.

text: N'Namdi

text: Gallery

text: opened

text: in

text: a

text: foot

text: complex

text: in

text: Midtown

text: Important

text: history

text: of

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: Detroit

text: area

text: are

text: exhibited

text: at

text: The

text: Henry

text: Ford

text: in

text: Dearborn

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: largest

text: indoor

text: outdoor

text: museum

text: complex

text: The

text: Detroit

text: Historical

text: Society

text: provides

text: information

text: about

text: tours

text: of

text: area

text: churches

text: skyscrapers

text: and

text: mansions

text: Inside

text: Detroit

text: meanwhile

text: hosts

text: tours

text: educational

text: programming

text: and

text: a

text: downtown

text: welcome

text: center

text: Other

text: sites

text: of

text: interest

text: are

text: the

text: Detroit

text: Zoo

text: in

text: Royal

text: Oak

text: the

text: Cranbrook

text: Art

text: Museum

text: in

text: Bloomfield

text: Hills

text: the

text: Anna

text: Scripps

text: Whitcomb

text: Conservatory

text: on

text: Belle

text: Isle

text: and

text: Walter

text: P.

text: Chrysler

text: Museum

text: in

text: Auburn

text: Hills

question: What is the U.S.'s largest museum complex?

answer: The Henry Ford

text: The Henry Ford

question: Where is the Detroit Zoo?

answer: Royal Oak

text: Royal Oak

question: What museum is in Bloomfield Hills?

answer: Cranbrook Art Museum

text: Cranbrook Art Museum

question: What museum is on Belle Isle?

answer: Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory

text: Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory

question: What Detroit gallery opened in 2010?

answer: G.R. N'Namdi Gallery

text: G.R. N'Namdi Gallery


text: These immigrants were largely responsible for the first general strike in North America in 1835, in which workers in the city won the ten-hour workday. The city was a destination for thousands of Irish immigrants fleeing the Great Famine in the 1840s; housing for them was developed south of South Street, and was later occupied by succeeding immigrants. They established a network of Catholic churches and schools, and dominated the Catholic clergy for decades. Anti-Irish, anti-Catholic Nativist riots had erupted in Philadelphia in 1844. In the latter half of the century, immigrants from Russia, Eastern Europe and Italy; and African Americans from the southern U.S. settled in the city. Between 1880 and 1930, the African-American population of Philadelphia increased from 31,699 to 219,559. Twentieth-century black newcomers were part of the Great Migration out of the rural South to northern and midwestern industrial cities.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: These

text: immigrants

text: were

text: largely

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: general

text: strike

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: in

text: in

text: which

text: workers

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: won

text: the

text: ten

text: hour

text: workday

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: a

text: destination

text: for

text: thousands

text: of

text: Irish

text: immigrants

text: fleeing

text: the

text: Great

text: Famine

text: in

text: the

text: housing

text: for

text: them

text: was

text: developed

text: south

text: of

text: South

text: Street

text: and

text: was

text: later

text: occupied

text: by

text: succeeding

text: immigrants

text: They

text: established

text: a

text: network

text: of

text: Catholic

text: churches

text: and

text: schools

text: and

text: dominated

text: the

text: Catholic

text: clergy

text: for

text: decades

text: Anti

text: Irish

text: anti

text: Catholic

text: Nativist

text: riots

text: had

text: erupted

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: latter

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Russia

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Italy

text: and

text: African

text: Americans

text: from

text: the

text: southern

text: U.S.

text: settled

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: Between

text: and

text: the

text: African

text: American

text: population

text: of

text: Philadelphia

text: increased

text: from

text: to

text: Twentieth

text: century

text: black

text: newcomers

text: were

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Migration

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: rural

text: South

text: to

text: northern

text: and

text: midwestern

text: industrial

text: cities

question: Who carried out the first strike in North America?

answer: immigrants

text: immigrants

question: When did the strike take place?

answer: 1835

question: What did the strikers achieve?

answer: ten-hour workday

text: ten-hour workday

question: Why did so many Irish immigrants come to Philadelphia?

answer: the Great Famine

text: the Great Famine

question: When did the black population explode?

answer: Between 1880 and 1930

text: Between 1880 and 1930


text: In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: In

text: season

text: eight

text: Latin

text: Grammy

text: Award

text: nominated

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: and

text: record

text: producer

text: Kara

text: DioGuardi

text: was

text: added

text: as

text: a

text: fourth

text: judge

text: She

text: stayed

text: for

text: two

text: seasons

text: and

text: left

text: the

text: show

text: before

text: season

text: ten

text: Paula

text: Abdul

text: left

text: the

text: show

text: before

text: season

text: nine

text: after

text: failing

text: to

text: agree

text: terms

text: with

text: the

text: show

text: producers

text: Emmy

text: Award

text: winning

text: talk

text: show

text: host

text: Ellen

text: DeGeneres

text: replaced

text: Paula

text: Abdul

text: for

text: that

text: season

text: but

text: left

text: after

text: just

text: one

text: season

text: On

text: January

text: Simon

text: Cowell

text: announced

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: leaving

text: the

text: show

text: to

text: pursue

text: introducing

text: the

text: American

text: version

text: of

text: his

text: show

text: The

text: X

text: Factor

text: to

text: the

text: USA

text: for

text: Jennifer

text: Lopez

text: and

text: Steven

text: Tyler

text: joined

text: the

text: judging

text: panel

text: in

text: season

text: ten

text: but

text: both

text: left

text: after

text: two

text: seasons

text: They

text: were

text: replaced

text: by

text: three

text: new

text: judges

text: Mariah

text: Carey

text: Nicki

text: Minaj

text: and

text: Keith

text: Urban

text: who

text: joined

text: Randy

text: Jackson

text: in

text: season

text: However

text: both

text: Carey

text: and

text: Minaj

text: left

text: after

text: one

text: season

text: and

text: Randy

text: Jackson

text: also

text: announced

text: that

text: he

text: would

text: depart

text: the

text: show

text: after

text: twelve

text: seasons

text: as

text: a

text: judge

text: but

text: would

text: return

text: as

text: a

text: mentor

text: Urban

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: judge

text: from

text: season

text: to

text: return

text: in

text: season

text: He

text: was

text: joined

text: by

text: previous

text: judge

text: Jennifer

text: Lopez

text: and

text: former

text: mentor

text: Harry

text: Connick

text: Jr

text: Lopez

text: Urban

text: and

text: Connick

text: Jr.

text: all

text: returned

text: as

text: judges

text: for

text: the

text: show

text: 's

text: fourteenth

text: and

text: fifteenth

text: seasons

question: Who was added as a fourth judge in the eighth season of American Idol?

answer: Kara DioGuardi

text: Kara DioGuardi

question: Who replaced Paula Abdul as a judge in season nine of American Idol?

answer: Ellen DeGeneres

text: Ellen DeGeneres

question: For how many seasons was Steven Tyler a judge on American Idol?

answer: two

text: two

question: What year did Simon Cowell announce that he was leaving American Idol?

answer: 2010

question: What show did Simon Cowell launch in 2011 after leaving American Idol?

answer: The X Factor

text: The X Factor

question: Who was added as a fourth judge for the eighth season?

answer: Kara DioGuardi

text: Kara DioGuardi

question: When did Paula Abdul quit as a judge?

answer: before season nine

text: before season nine

question: When did Simon Cowell announce he was no longer going to be a judge?

answer: January 11, 2010

text: January 11, 2010

question: Which talk show host replaced Paula Abdul?

answer: Ellen DeGeneres

text: Ellen DeGeneres

question: When did Steven Tyler become a judge?

answer: season ten

text: season ten


text: The Spanish governor was expelled in 1814. In 1816, Portugal invaded the recently liberated territory and in 1821, it was annexed to the Banda Oriental of Brazil. Juan Antonio Lavalleja and his band called the Treinta y Tres Orientales ("Thirty-Three Orientals") re-established the independence of the region in 1825. Uruguay was consolidated as an independent state in 1828, with Montevideo as the nation's capital. In 1829, the demolition of the city's fortifications began and plans were made for an extension beyond the Ciudad Vieja, referred to as the "Ciudad Nueva" ("new city"). Urban expansion, however, moved very slowly because of the events that followed.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: The

text: Spanish

text: governor

text: was

text: expelled

text: in

text: In

text: Portugal

text: invaded

text: the

text: recently

text: liberated

text: territory

text: and

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: annexed

text: to

text: the

text: Banda

text: Oriental

text: of

text: Brazil

text: Juan

text: Antonio

text: Lavalleja

text: and

text: his

text: band

text: called

text: the

text: Treinta

text: y

text: Tres

text: Orientales

text: Thirty

text: Three

text: Orientals

text: re

text: established

text: the

text: independence

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: in

text: Uruguay

text: was

text: consolidated

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: state

text: in

text: with

text: Montevideo

text: as

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: capital

text: In

text: the

text: demolition

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: fortifications

text: began

text: and

text: plans

text: were

text: made

text: for

text: an

text: extension

text: beyond

text: the

text: Ciudad

text: Vieja

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Ciudad

text: Nueva

text: new

text: city

text: Urban

text: expansion

text: however

text: moved

text: very

text: slowly

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: events

text: that

text: followed

question: What year was the Spanish governor expelled?

answer: 1814

question: What year did Portugal invade the recently liberated territory?

answer: 1816

question: What was Juan Antonio Lavalleja's band caled?

answer: Treinta y Tres Orientales

text: Treinta y Tres Orientales

question: What year was Uruguay consolidated as an independent state?

answer: 1828


text: Ahmad ibn Fadlan, an Arab traveler during the 10th century, provided one of the earliest written descriptions of the Rus': "They are as tall as a date palm, blond and ruddy, so that they do not need to wear a tunic nor a cloak; rather the men among them wear garments that only cover half of his body and leaves one of his hands free." Liutprand of Cremona, who was twice an envoy to the Byzantine court (949 and 968), identifies the "Russi" with the Norse ("the Russi, whom we call Norsemen by another name") but explains the name as a Greek term referring to their physical traits ("A certain people made up of a part of the Norse, whom the Greeks call [...] the Russi on account of their physical features, we designate as Norsemen because of the location of their origin."). Leo the Deacon, a 10th-century Byzantine historian and chronicler, refers to the Rus' as "Scythians" and notes that they tended to adopt Greek rituals and customs.

title: Kievan_Rus%27

title: Kievan_Rus%27

text: Ahmad

text: ibn

text: Fadlan

text: an

text: Arab

text: traveler

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: provided

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: written

text: descriptions

text: of

text: the

text: Rus

text: They

text: are

text: as

text: tall

text: as

text: a

text: date

text: palm

text: blond

text: and

text: ruddy

text: so

text: that

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: need

text: to

text: wear

text: a

text: tunic

text: nor

text: a

text: cloak

text: rather

text: the

text: men

text: among

text: them

text: wear

text: garments

text: that

text: only

text: cover

text: half

text: of

text: his

text: body

text: and

text: leaves

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: hands

text: free

text: Liutprand

text: of

text: Cremona

text: who

text: was

text: twice

text: an

text: envoy

text: to

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: court

text: and

text: identifies

text: the

text: Russi

text: with

text: the

text: Norse

text: the

text: Russi

text: whom

text: we

text: call

text: Norsemen

text: by

text: another

text: name

text: but

text: explains

text: the

text: name

text: as

text: a

text: Greek

text: term

text: referring

text: to

text: their

text: physical

text: traits

text: A

text: certain

text: people

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Norse

text: whom

text: the

text: Greeks

text: call

text: the

text: Russi

text: on

text: account

text: of

text: their

text: physical

text: features

text: we

text: designate

text: as

text: Norsemen

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: their

text: origin

text: Leo

text: the

text: Deacon

text: a

text: century

text: Byzantine

text: historian

text: and

text: chronicler

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: Rus

text: as

text: Scythians

text: and

text: notes

text: that

text: they

text: tended

text: to

text: adopt

text: Greek

text: rituals

text: and

text: customs

question: Which early traveler provided an early description of the Rus?

answer: Ahmad ibn Fadlan

text: Ahmad ibn Fadlan

question: What did Ahmad say about the Rus when he described clothing?

answer: garments that only cover half of his body

text: garments that only cover half of his body

question: Which historian refered to the Rus as "Scythians"?

answer: Leo the Deacon

text: Leo the Deacon


text: The Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, he is living on in other planes of existence, and monks are therefore permitted to offer "new truths" based on his input. Mahayana also differs from Theravada in its concept of śūnyatā (that ultimately nothing has existence), and in its belief in bodhisattvas (enlightened people who vow to continue being reborn until all beings can be enlightened).

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: The

text: Buddha

text: 's

text: death

text: is

text: seen

text: as

text: an

text: illusion

text: he

text: is

text: living

text: on

text: in

text: other

text: planes

text: of

text: existence

text: and

text: monks

text: are

text: therefore

text: permitted

text: to

text: offer

text: new

text: truths

text: based

text: on

text: his

text: input

text: Mahayana

text: also

text: differs

text: from

text: Theravada

text: in

text: its

text: concept

text: of

text: śūnyatā

text: that

text: ultimately

text: nothing

text: has

text: existence

text: and

text: in

text: its

text: belief

text: in

text: bodhisattvas

text: enlightened

text: people

text: who

text: vow

text: to

text: continue

text: being

text: reborn

text: until

text: all

text: beings

text: can

text: be

text: enlightened

question: Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, as he is living in other planes of what?

answer: existence

text: existence

question: Who is permitted to offer "new truths" based on Buddhas input?

answer: monks

text: monks

question: What is the term for the idea of ultimately nothing has existance?

answer: śūnyatā

text: śūnyatā

question: Who are enlightened people who vow to continue being reborn?

answer: bodhisattvas

text: bodhisattvas


text: Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in an interview: "I don't like that they're not calculating anything," he said. "I don't like that they don't check their ideas. I don't like that for anything that disagrees with an experiment, they cook up an explanation—a fix-up to say, 'Well, it still might be true.'" These words have since been much-quoted by opponents of the string-theoretic direction for particle physics.

title: Richard_Feynman

title: Richard_Feynman

text: Feynman

text: diagrams

text: are

text: now

text: fundamental

text: for

text: string

text: theory

text: and

text: M

text: theory

text: and

text: have

text: even

text: been

text: extended

text: topologically

text: The

text: world

text: lines

text: of

text: the

text: diagrams

text: have

text: developed

text: to

text: become

text: tubes

text: to

text: allow

text: better

text: modeling

text: of

text: more

text: complicated

text: objects

text: such

text: as

text: strings

text: and

text: membranes

text: Shortly

text: before

text: his

text: death

text: Feynman

text: criticized

text: string

text: theory

text: in

text: an

text: interview

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: like

text: that

text: they

text: 're

text: not

text: calculating

text: anything

text: he

text: said

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: like

text: that

text: they

text: do

text: n't

text: check

text: their

text: ideas

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: like

text: that

text: for

text: anything

text: that

text: disagrees

text: with

text: an

text: experiment

text: they

text: cook

text: up

text: an

text: explanation

text: a

text: fix

text: up

text: to

text: say

text: Well

text: it

text: still

text: might

text: be

text: true

text: These

text: words

text: have

text: since

text: been

text: much

text: quoted

text: by

text: opponents

text: of

text: the

text: string

text: theoretic

text: direction

text: for

text: particle

text: physics

question: What theories do Feynman diagrams help explain?

answer: string theory and M-theory

text: string theory and M-theory

question: The diagrams have been made from lines into what 3 dimensional shape?

answer: tubes

text: tubes

question: What angst did Feynman have against string theorists?

answer: they don't check their ideas

text: they don't check their ideas

question: Which quote by Feynman is often used by string theory opponents?

answer: 'Well, it still might be true.'"

text: 'Well, it still might be true.'"


text: The city is colloquially known as Chilangolandia after the locals' nickname chilangos. Chilango is used pejoratively by people living outside Mexico City to "connote a loud, arrogant, ill-mannered, loutish person". For their part those living in Mexico City designate insultingly those who live elsewhere as living in la provincia ("the provinces", the periphery) and many proudly embrace the term chilango. Residents of Mexico City are more recently called defeños (deriving from the postal abbreviation of the Federal District in Spanish: D.F., which is read "De-Efe"). They are formally called capitalinos (in reference to the city being the capital of the country), but "[p]erhaps because capitalino is the more polite, specific, and correct word, it is almost never utilized".

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: colloquially

text: known

text: as

text: Chilangolandia

text: after

text: the

text: locals

text: nickname

text: chilangos

text: Chilango

text: is

text: used

text: pejoratively

text: by

text: people

text: living

text: outside

text: Mexico

text: City

text: to

text: connote

text: a

text: loud

text: arrogant

text: ill

text: mannered

text: loutish

text: person

text: For

text: their

text: part

text: those

text: living

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: designate

text: insultingly

text: those

text: who

text: live

text: elsewhere

text: as

text: living

text: in

text: la

text: provincia

text: the

text: provinces

text: the

text: periphery

text: and

text: many

text: proudly

text: embrace

text: the

text: term

text: chilango

text: Residents

text: of

text: Mexico

text: City

text: are

text: more

text: recently

text: called

text: defeños

text: deriving

text: from

text: the

text: postal

text: abbreviation

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: District

text: in

text: Spanish

text: D.F.

text: which

text: is

text: read

text: De

text: Efe

text: They

text: are

text: formally

text: called

text: capitalinos

text: in

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: being

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: but

text: p]erhaps

text: because

text: capitalino

text: is

text: the

text: more

text: polite

text: specific

text: and

text: correct

text: word

text: it

text: is

text: almost

text: never

text: utilized

question: What are locals of Mexico City called?

answer: chilangos

text: chilangos

question: What do Mexicans call Mexico City?

answer: Chilangolandia

text: Chilangolandia

question: How do Mexicans take being called "chilangos?"

answer: proudly

text: proudly

question: What nickname are residents of Mexico given that more reflects the Spanish influence of the city?

answer: defeños

text: defeños

question: What is the "official" term to denote a citizen of Mexico City?

answer: capitalinos

text: capitalinos


text: Comparison of a back-translation with the original text is sometimes used as a check on the accuracy of the original translation, much as the accuracy of a mathematical operation is sometimes checked by reversing the operation. But the results of such reverse-translation operations, while useful as approximate checks, are not always precisely reliable. Back-translation must in general be less accurate than back-calculation because linguistic symbols (words) are often ambiguous, whereas mathematical symbols are intentionally unequivocal.

title: Translation

title: Translation

text: Comparison

text: of

text: a

text: back

text: translation

text: with

text: the

text: original

text: text

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: check

text: on

text: the

text: accuracy

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: translation

text: much

text: as

text: the

text: accuracy

text: of

text: a

text: mathematical

text: operation

text: is

text: sometimes

text: checked

text: by

text: reversing

text: the

text: operation

text: But

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: such

text: reverse

text: translation

text: operations

text: while

text: useful

text: as

text: approximate

text: checks

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: precisely

text: reliable

text: Back

text: translation

text: must

text: in

text: general

text: be

text: less

text: accurate

text: than

text: back

text: calculation

text: because

text: linguistic

text: symbols

text: words

text: are

text: often

text: ambiguous

text: whereas

text: mathematical

text: symbols

text: are

text: intentionally

text: unequivocal

question: What is sometimes used to check the accuracy of a translation?

answer: Comparison of a back-translation with the original text

text: Comparison of a back-translation with the original text

question: How are mathematical operations checked?

answer: by reversing the operation

text: by reversing the operation

question: What operations are results from not always completely reliable?

answer: reverse-translation operations

text: reverse-translation operations

question: What symbol set has a defining property of ambiguity?

answer: linguistic

text: linguistic

question: What symbol set has the property of being intentionally unequivocal?

answer: mathematical

text: mathematical


text: Despite Western isolation, Asian corporations have generally remained willing to continue investing in the country and to initiate new investments, particularly in natural resource extraction. The country has close relations with neighbouring India and China with several Indian and Chinese companies operating in the country. Under India's Look East policy, fields of co-operation between India and Myanmar include remote sensing, oil and gas exploration, information technology, hydro power and construction of ports and buildings.

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: Despite

text: Western

text: isolation

text: Asian

text: corporations

text: have

text: generally

text: remained

text: willing

text: to

text: continue

text: investing

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: to

text: initiate

text: new

text: investments

text: particularly

text: in

text: natural

text: resource

text: extraction

text: The

text: country

text: has

text: close

text: relations

text: with

text: neighbouring

text: India

text: and

text: China

text: with

text: several

text: Indian

text: and

text: Chinese

text: companies

text: operating

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Under

text: India

text: 's

text: Look

text: East

text: policy

text: fields

text: of

text: co

text: operation

text: between

text: India

text: and

text: Myanmar

text: include

text: remote

text: sensing

text: oil

text: and

text: gas

text: exploration

text: information

text: technology

text: hydro

text: power

text: and

text: construction

text: of

text: ports

text: and

text: buildings

question: How do Asian countries feel about the European attitude towards Burma ?

answer: Asian corporations have generally remained willing to continue investing in the country and to initiate new investments

text: Asian corporations have generally remained willing to continue investing in the country and to initiate new investments

question: What is a popular business for international Asian countries in Burma ?

answer: natural resource extraction.

text: natural resource extraction.

question: What two countries does Burma have Superior relationships with ?

answer: India and China

text: India and China

question: What is the benefit to the two countries involved in the  India Look East policy ?

answer: fields of co-operation between India and Myanmar include remote sensing, oil and gas exploration, information technology, hydro power and construction

text: fields of co-operation between India and Myanmar include remote sensing, oil and gas exploration, information technology, hydro power and construction