text: Externally, Orthodox Jews can be identified by their manner of dress and family lifestyle. Orthodox women dress modestly by keeping most of their skin covered. Additionally, married women cover their hair, most commonly in the form of a scarf, also in the form of hats, bandanas, berets, snoods or, sometimes, wigs. Orthodox men wear a skullcap known as a kipa and often fringes called "tzitzit". Haredi men often grow beards and always wear black hats and suits, indoors and outdoors. However, Modern Orthodox Jews are commonly indistinguishable in their dress from those around them.

title: Orthodox_Judaism

title: Orthodox_Judaism

text: Externally

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: can

text: be

text: identified

text: by

text: their

text: manner

text: of

text: dress

text: and

text: family

text: lifestyle

text: Orthodox

text: women

text: dress

text: modestly

text: by

text: keeping

text: most

text: of

text: their

text: skin

text: covered

text: Additionally

text: married

text: women

text: cover

text: their

text: hair

text: most

text: commonly

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: scarf

text: also

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: hats

text: bandanas

text: berets

text: snoods

text: or

text: sometimes

text: wigs

text: Orthodox

text: men

text: wear

text: a

text: skullcap

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: kipa

text: and

text: often

text: fringes

text: called

text: tzitzit

text: Haredi

text: men

text: often

text: grow

text: beards

text: and

text: always

text: wear

text: black

text: hats

text: and

text: suits

text: indoors

text: and

text: outdoors

text: However

text: Modern

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: are

text: commonly

text: indistinguishable

text: in

text: their

text: dress

text: from

text: those

text: around

text: them

question: How do orthodox women dress mosly?

answer: covered

text: covered

question: what part of their body do married women cover with a scarf?

answer: hair

text: hair

question: What is the Skullcap that orthodox men wear known as?

answer: kipa

text: kipa

question: What are the fringes Orthodox men wear called?

answer: tzitzit

text: tzitzit

question: What type of orthox men often grow beards and always wear black?

answer: Haredi

text: Haredi


text: In ancient times, Greece was the birthplace of Western culture. Modern democracies owe a debt to Greek beliefs in government by the people, trial by jury, and equality under the law. The ancient Greeks pioneered in many fields that rely on systematic thought, including biology, geometry, history, philosophy, physics and mathematics. They introduced such important literary forms as epic and lyric poetry, history, tragedy, and comedy. In their pursuit of order and proportion, the Greeks created an ideal of beauty that strongly influenced Western art.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: In

text: ancient

text: times

text: Greece

text: was

text: the

text: birthplace

text: of

text: Western

text: culture

text: Modern

text: democracies

text: owe

text: a

text: debt

text: to

text: Greek

text: beliefs

text: in

text: government

text: by

text: the

text: people

text: trial

text: by

text: jury

text: and

text: equality

text: under

text: the

text: law

text: The

text: ancient

text: Greeks

text: pioneered

text: in

text: many

text: fields

text: that

text: rely

text: on

text: systematic

text: thought

text: including

text: biology

text: geometry

text: history

text: philosophy

text: physics

text: and

text: mathematics

text: They

text: introduced

text: such

text: important

text: literary

text: forms

text: as

text: epic

text: and

text: lyric

text: poetry

text: history

text: tragedy

text: and

text: comedy

text: In

text: their

text: pursuit

text: of

text: order

text: and

text: proportion

text: the

text: Greeks

text: created

text: an

text: ideal

text: of

text: beauty

text: that

text: strongly

text: influenced

text: Western

text: art

question: Greeks were pioneers in many scientific fields that require what?

answer: systematic thought

text: systematic thought

question: What did Greece's political philosophy affect?

answer: Modern democracies

text: Modern democracies

question: Ancient Greece was the birthplace of what?

answer: Western culture

text: Western culture


text: The Raleigh Parks and Recreation Department offers a wide variety of leisure opportunities at more than 150 sites throughout the city, which include: 8,100 acres (33 km2) of park land, 78 miles (126 km) of greenway, 22 community centers, a BMX championship-caliber race track, 112 tennis courts among 25 locations, 5 public lakes, and 8 public aquatic facilities. The J. C. Raulston Arboretum, an 8-acre (32,000 m²) arboretum and botanical garden in west Raleigh administered by North Carolina State University, maintains a year-round collection that is open daily to the public without charge.

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

text: The

text: Raleigh

text: Parks

text: and

text: Recreation

text: Department

text: offers

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: leisure

text: opportunities

text: at

text: more

text: than

text: sites

text: throughout

text: the

text: city

text: which

text: include

text: acres

text: of

text: park

text: land

text: miles

text: km

text: of

text: greenway

text: community

text: centers

text: a

text: BMX

text: championship

text: caliber

text: race

text: track

text: tennis

text: courts

text: among

text: locations

text: public

text: lakes

text: and

text: public

text: aquatic

text: facilities

text: The

text: J.

text: C.

text: Raulston

text: Arboretum

text: an

text: m²

text: arboretum

text: and

text: botanical

text: garden

text: in

text: west

text: Raleigh

text: administered

text: by

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: University

text: maintains

text: a

text: year

text: round

text: collection

text: that

text: is

text: open

text: daily

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: without

text: charge

question: How many sites are throughout Raleigh?

answer: 150

question: What are there 8,100 acres of in Raleigh?

answer: park land,

text: park land,

question: What type of race track is in Raleigh?

answer: BMX championship-caliber

text: BMX championship-caliber

question: How many public lakes are in Raleigh?

answer: 5 public lakes,

text: 5 public lakes,

question: What is the name of the arboretum?

answer: J. C. Raulston Arboretum

text: J. C. Raulston Arboretum


text: Much of the music recorded by singer-songwriters such as Diana Ross, James Taylor, Carly Simon, Carole King and Janis Ian got as much, if not more, airplay on this format than on Top 40 stations. Easy Listening radio also began including songs by artists who had begun in other genres, such as rock and roll or R&B. In addition, several early disco songs, did well on the Adult Contemporary format.

title: Adult_contemporary_music

title: Adult_contemporary_music

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: music

text: recorded

text: by

text: singer

text: songwriters

text: such

text: as

text: Diana

text: Ross

text: James

text: Taylor

text: Carly

text: Simon

text: Carole

text: King

text: and

text: Janis

text: Ian

text: got

text: as

text: much

text: if

text: not

text: more

text: airplay

text: on

text: this

text: format

text: than

text: on

text: Top

text: stations

text: Easy

text: Listening

text: radio

text: also

text: began

text: including

text: songs

text: by

text: artists

text: who

text: had

text: begun

text: in

text: other

text: genres

text: such

text: as

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: or

text: R&B.

text: In

text: addition

text: several

text: early

text: disco

text: songs

text: did

text: well

text: on

text: the

text: Adult

text: Contemporary

text: format

question: Along with rock and roll, what genre of music was sometimes featured on Easy Listening radio?

answer: R&B

text: R&B

question: What genre of music was surprisingly successful on adult contemporary radio?

answer: disco

text: disco

question: What type of musicians were artists such as Diana Ross, James Taylor, Carly Simon, Carole King and Janis Ian?

answer: singer-songwriters

text: singer-songwriters


text: During the Partitions of Poland from 1772 to 1795, its members began to lose these legal privileges and social status. From that point until 1918, the legal status of the nobility was essentially dependent upon the policies of the three partitioning powers: the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Habsburg Monarchy. The legal privileges of the szlachta were legally abolished in the Second Polish Republic by the March Constitution of 1921.

title: Szlachta

title: Szlachta

text: During

text: the

text: Partitions

text: of

text: Poland

text: from

text: to

text: its

text: members

text: began

text: to

text: lose

text: these

text: legal

text: privileges

text: and

text: social

text: status

text: From

text: that

text: point

text: until

text: the

text: legal

text: status

text: of

text: the

text: nobility

text: was

text: essentially

text: dependent

text: upon

text: the

text: policies

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: partitioning

text: powers

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Prussia

text: and

text: the

text: Habsburg

text: Monarchy

text: The

text: legal

text: privileges

text: of

text: the

text: szlachta

text: were

text: legally

text: abolished

text: in

text: the

text: Second

text: Polish

text: Republic

text: by

text: the

text: March

text: Constitution

text: of

question: When, during the partitions of Poland, did the szlachta lose legal and social status.

answer: 1772 to 1795

text: 1772 to 1795

question: What was one name of a power that the szlachta was dependent on.

answer: Russian Empire

text: Russian Empire

question: When was the March constitution implemented.

answer: 1921

question: What did the Mach constitution do?

answer: legal privileges of the szlachta were legally abolished

text: legal privileges of the szlachta were legally abolished

question: In what republic did the szlachta lose their legal privileges.

answer: Second Polish Republic

text: Second Polish Republic


text: As of January 2008, Spain is the nation with the most elevators installed in the world, with 950,000 elevators installed that run more than one hundred million lifts every day, followed by United States with 700,000 elevators installed and China with 610,000 elevators installed since 1949. In Brazil, it is estimated that there are approximately 300,000 elevators currently in operation. The world's largest market for elevators is Italy, with more than 1,629 million euros of sales and 1,224 million euros of internal market.

title: Elevator

title: Elevator

text: As

text: of

text: January

text: Spain

text: is

text: the

text: nation

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: elevators

text: installed

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: elevators

text: installed

text: that

text: run

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: hundred

text: million

text: lifts

text: every

text: day

text: followed

text: by

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: elevators

text: installed

text: and

text: China

text: with

text: elevators

text: installed

text: since

text: In

text: Brazil

text: it

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: approximately

text: elevators

text: currently

text: in

text: operation

text: The

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: market

text: for

text: elevators

text: is

text: Italy

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: euros

text: of

text: sales

text: and

text: million

text: euros

text: of

text: internal

text: market

question: What country had the second most elevators installed?

answer: United States

text: United States

question: In 2008, what country had the largest number of elevators?

answer: Spain

text: Spain

question: How many elevators had China installed since 1949?

answer: 610,000

question: What country boasts the worlds largest market for elevators?

answer: Italy

text: Italy

question: How many elevators are in Brazil?

answer: 300,000


text: In the UK, the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency approves drugs for use, though the evaluation is done by the European Medicines Agency, an agency of the European Union based in London. Normally an approval in the UK and other European countries comes later than one in the USA. Then it is the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), for England and Wales, who decides if and how the National Health Service (NHS) will allow (in the sense of paying for) their use. The British National Formulary is the core guide for pharmacists and clinicians.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: In

text: the

text: UK

text: the

text: Medicines

text: and

text: Healthcare

text: Products

text: Regulatory

text: Agency

text: approves

text: drugs

text: for

text: use

text: though

text: the

text: evaluation

text: is

text: done

text: by

text: the

text: European

text: Medicines

text: Agency

text: an

text: agency

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: based

text: in

text: London

text: Normally

text: an

text: approval

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: other

text: European

text: countries

text: comes

text: later

text: than

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: USA

text: Then

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: National

text: Institute

text: for

text: Health

text: and

text: Care

text: Excellence

text: NICE

text: for

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: who

text: decides

text: if

text: and

text: how

text: the

text: National

text: Health

text: Service

text: NHS

text: will

text: allow

text: in

text: the

text: sense

text: of

text: paying

text: for

text: their

text: use

text: The

text: British

text: National

text: Formulary

text: is

text: the

text: core

text: guide

text: for

text: pharmacists

text: and

text: clinicians

question: Who is the core guide?

answer: The British National Formulary

text: The British National Formulary

question: Who is responsible for approving drugs in the United Kingdom?

answer: Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency

text: Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency

question: After an approval in the United States, when does an approval occur in the United Kingdom and other countries?

answer: comes later

text: comes later

question: Who decides how NHS will allow drugs?

answer: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

text: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

question: Who does the evaluations for drugs in the United Kingdom?

answer: European Medicines Agency

text: European Medicines Agency

question: What UK firm approves pharmaceutical drugs?

answer: Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency

text: Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency

question: What UK organization evaluates drugs?

answer: European Medicines Agency

text: European Medicines Agency

question: What firm in England and Wales decides if the NHS allows drugs?

answer: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

text: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

question: What is the name of the core guide for pharmacists and clinicians?

answer: British National Formulary

text: British National Formulary


text: Neolithic people were skilled farmers, manufacturing a range of tools necessary for the tending, harvesting and processing of crops (such as sickle blades and grinding stones) and food production (e.g. pottery, bone implements). They were also skilled manufacturers of a range of other types of stone tools and ornaments, including projectile points, beads, and statuettes. But what allowed forest clearance on a large scale was the polished stone axe above all other tools. Together with the adze, fashioning wood for shelter, structures and canoes for example, this enabled them to exploit their newly won farmland.

title: Neolithic

title: Neolithic

text: Neolithic

text: people

text: were

text: skilled

text: farmers

text: manufacturing

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: tools

text: necessary

text: for

text: the

text: tending

text: harvesting

text: and

text: processing

text: of

text: crops

text: such

text: as

text: sickle

text: blades

text: and

text: grinding

text: stones

text: and

text: food

text: production

text: e.g.

text: pottery

text: bone

text: implements

text: They

text: were

text: also

text: skilled

text: manufacturers

text: of

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: other

text: types

text: of

text: stone

text: tools

text: and

text: ornaments

text: including

text: projectile

text: points

text: beads

text: and

text: statuettes

text: But

text: what

text: allowed

text: forest

text: clearance

text: on

text: a

text: large

text: scale

text: was

text: the

text: polished

text: stone

text: axe

text: above

text: all

text: other

text: tools

text: Together

text: with

text: the

text: adze

text: fashioning

text: wood

text: for

text: shelter

text: structures

text: and

text: canoes

text: for

text: example

text: this

text: enabled

text: them

text: to

text: exploit

text: their

text: newly

text: won

text: farmland

question: What type of occupation were Neolithic people considered to be proficient at?

answer: farmers

text: farmers

question: What purposes were the production of farm tools used for?

answer: tending, harvesting and processing of crops

text: tending, harvesting and processing of crops

question: What types of tools did early farmers use for crops?

answer: sickle blades and grinding stones

text: sickle blades and grinding stones

question: What types of tools did early farmers use for food production?

answer: pottery, bone implements)

text: pottery, bone implements)

question: What tool allowed early farmers to convert forest into arable land?

answer: stone axe

text: stone axe


text: On 2 March 2009, however, Vieira was assassinated by what preliminary reports indicated to be a group of soldiers avenging the death of the head of joint chiefs of staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai. Tagme died in an explosion on Sunday, 1 March 2009, target of an assassination. Military leaders in the country pledged to respect the constitutional order of succession. National Assembly Speaker Raimundo Pereira was appointed as an interim president until a nationwide election on 28 June 2009. It was won by Malam Bacai Sanhá.

title: Guinea-Bissau

title: Guinea

title: Bissau

text: On

text: March

text: however

text: Vieira

text: was

text: assassinated

text: by

text: what

text: preliminary

text: reports

text: indicated

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: soldiers

text: avenging

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: joint

text: chiefs

text: of

text: staff

text: General

text: Batista

text: Tagme

text: Wai

text: Tagme

text: died

text: in

text: an

text: explosion

text: on

text: Sunday

text: March

text: target

text: of

text: an

text: assassination

text: Military

text: leaders

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: pledged

text: to

text: respect

text: the

text: constitutional

text: order

text: of

text: succession

text: National

text: Assembly

text: Speaker

text: Raimundo

text: Pereira

text: was

text: appointed

text: as

text: an

text: interim

text: president

text: until

text: a

text: nationwide

text: election

text: on

text: June

text: It

text: was

text: won

text: by

text: Malam

text: Bacai

text: Sanhá

question: Who was assassinated on 2 March 2009?

answer: Vieira

text: Vieira

question: Who was assassinated on 1 March 2009?

answer: General Batista Tagme Na Wai

text: General Batista Tagme Na Wai

question: Who pledged to respect the constitutional order of succession?

answer: Military leaders

text: Military leaders

question: Who was appointed interim president?

answer: Raimundo Pereira

text: Raimundo Pereira

question: Who won the election in June 2009?

answer: Malam Bacai Sanhá

text: Malam Bacai Sanhá


text: In 1928, he earned a doctorate in psychology, under the supervision of Karl Bühler. His dissertation was entitled "Die Methodenfrage der Denkpsychologie" (The question of method in cognitive psychology). In 1929, he obtained the authorisation to teach mathematics and physics in secondary school, which he started doing. He married his colleague Josefine Anna Henninger (1906–1985) in 1930. Fearing the rise of Nazism and the threat of the Anschluss, he started to use the evenings and the nights to write his first book Die beiden Grundprobleme der Erkenntnistheorie (The Two Fundamental Problems of the Theory of Knowledge). He needed to publish one to get some academic position in a country that was safe for people of Jewish descent. However, he ended up not publishing the two-volume work, but a condensed version of it with some new material, Logik der Forschung (The Logic of Scientific Discovery), in 1934. Here, he criticised psychologism, naturalism, inductionism, and logical positivism, and put forth his theory of potential falsifiability as the criterion demarcating science from non-science. In 1935 and 1936, he took unpaid leave to go to the United Kingdom for a study visit.

title: Karl_Popper

title: Karl_Popper

text: In

text: he

text: earned

text: a

text: doctorate

text: in

text: psychology

text: under

text: the

text: supervision

text: of

text: Karl

text: Bühler

text: His

text: dissertation

text: was

text: entitled

text: Die

text: Methodenfrage

text: der

text: Denkpsychologie

text: The

text: question

text: of

text: method

text: in

text: cognitive

text: psychology

text: In

text: he

text: obtained

text: the

text: authorisation

text: to

text: teach

text: mathematics

text: and

text: physics

text: in

text: secondary

text: school

text: which

text: he

text: started

text: doing

text: He

text: married

text: his

text: colleague

text: Josefine

text: Anna

text: Henninger

text: in

text: Fearing

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: Nazism

text: and

text: the

text: threat

text: of

text: the

text: Anschluss

text: he

text: started

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: evenings

text: and

text: the

text: nights

text: to

text: write

text: his

text: first

text: book

text: Die

text: beiden

text: Grundprobleme

text: der

text: Erkenntnistheorie

text: The

text: Two

text: Fundamental

text: Problems

text: of

text: the

text: Theory

text: of

text: Knowledge

text: He

text: needed

text: to

text: publish

text: one

text: to

text: get

text: some

text: academic

text: position

text: in

text: a

text: country

text: that

text: was

text: safe

text: for

text: people

text: of

text: Jewish

text: descent

text: However

text: he

text: ended

text: up

text: not

text: publishing

text: the

text: two

text: volume

text: work

text: but

text: a

text: condensed

text: version

text: of

text: it

text: with

text: some

text: new

text: material

text: Logik

text: der

text: Forschung

text: The

text: Logic

text: of

text: Scientific

text: Discovery

text: in

text: Here

text: he

text: criticised

text: psychologism

text: naturalism

text: inductionism

text: and

text: logical

text: positivism

text: and

text: put

text: forth

text: his

text: theory

text: of

text: potential

text: falsifiability

text: as

text: the

text: criterion

text: demarcating

text: science

text: from

text: non

text: science

text: In

text: and

text: he

text: took

text: unpaid

text: leave

text: to

text: go

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: for

text: a

text: study

text: visit

question: Who supervised Popper's doctorate?

answer: Karl Bühler

text: Karl Bühler

question: What is an English translation of the title of Popper's doctoral thesis?

answer: The question of method in cognitive psychology

text: The question of method in cognitive psychology

question: What subjects was Popper authorized to teach in secondary school in 1929?

answer: mathematics and physics

text: mathematics and physics

question: Whose rise to power motivated Popper to publish his work in hopes of obtaining an academic position abroad?

answer: Nazism

text: Nazism

question: In which work published in 1934 did Popper introduce his theories centered around falsifiability?

answer: The Logic of Scientific Discovery

text: The Logic of Scientific Discovery


text: Citing a 2008 study, the U.S. Center for Disease Control estimated in 2015 that 4.5 million people in the USA are bitten by dogs each year. A 2015 study estimated that 1.8% of the U.S. population is bitten each year. In the 1980s and 1990s the US averaged 17 fatalities per year, while in the 2000s this has increased to 26. 77% of dog bites are from the pet of family or friends, and 50% of attacks occur on the property of the dog's legal owner.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Citing

text: a

text: study

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Center

text: for

text: Disease

text: Control

text: estimated

text: in

text: that

text: million

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: USA

text: are

text: bitten

text: by

text: dogs

text: each

text: year

text: A

text: study

text: estimated

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: population

text: is

text: bitten

text: each

text: year

text: In

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: US

text: averaged

text: fatalities

text: per

text: year

text: while

text: in

text: the

text: this

text: has

text: increased

text: to

text: of

text: dog

text: bites

text: are

text: from

text: the

text: pet

text: of

text: family

text: or

text: friends

text: and

text: of

text: attacks

text: occur

text: on

text: the

text: property

text: of

text: the

text: dog

text: 's

text: legal

text: owner

question: How many people are bitten by dogs every year in America?

answer: 4.5 million

text: 4.5 million

question: During the 1980s and 1990s, how many people were killed annually because of dog bites?

answer: 17

question: In the 2000s, how many people died every year because of dog bites?

answer: 26

question: According to a 2008 CDC report, how many are bitten in the United States annually?

answer: 4.5 million

text: 4.5 million

question: What decade saw an increase from 17 to 26 deaths caused by dogs?

answer: 2000s


text: All algorithms for MPEG-1 Audio Layer I, II and III were approved in 1991 and finalized in 1992 as part of MPEG-1, the first standard suite by MPEG, which resulted in the international standard ISO/IEC 11172-3 (a.k.a. MPEG-1 Audio or MPEG-1 Part 3), published in 1993.

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: All

text: algorithms

text: for

text: Audio

text: Layer

text: I

text: II

text: and

text: III

text: were

text: approved

text: in

text: and

text: finalized

text: in

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: standard

text: suite

text: by

text: MPEG

text: which

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: international

text: standard

text: ISO

text: IEC

text: a.k.a

text: Audio

text: or

text: Part

text: published

text: in

question: When were the algorithms approved?

answer: 1991

question: When were the approved algorithms finalized?

answer: 1992

question: What was the first started suite by MPEG?

answer: MPEG-1

question: What was the official name of the internation standard?

answer: ISO/IEC 11172-3

text: ISO/IEC 11172-3

question: When was the international standard published?

answer: 1993


text: South America became linked to North America through the Isthmus of Panama during the Pliocene, bringing a nearly complete end to South America's distinctive marsupial faunas. The formation of the Isthmus had major consequences on global temperatures, since warm equatorial ocean currents were cut off and an Atlantic cooling cycle began, with cold Arctic and Antarctic waters dropping temperatures in the now-isolated Atlantic Ocean. Africa's collision with Europe formed the Mediterranean Sea, cutting off the remnants of the Tethys Ocean. Sea level changes exposed the land-bridge between Alaska and Asia. Near the end of the Pliocene, about 2.58 million years ago (the start of the Quaternary Period), the current ice age began. The polar regions have since undergone repeated cycles of glaciation and thaw, repeating every 40,000–100,000 years.

title: Geological_history_of_Earth

title: Geological_history_of_Earth

text: South

text: America

text: became

text: linked

text: to

text: North

text: America

text: through

text: the

text: Isthmus

text: of

text: Panama

text: during

text: the

text: Pliocene

text: bringing

text: a

text: nearly

text: complete

text: end

text: to

text: South

text: America

text: 's

text: distinctive

text: marsupial

text: faunas

text: The

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: Isthmus

text: had

text: major

text: consequences

text: on

text: global

text: temperatures

text: since

text: warm

text: equatorial

text: ocean

text: currents

text: were

text: cut

text: off

text: and

text: an

text: Atlantic

text: cooling

text: cycle

text: began

text: with

text: cold

text: Arctic

text: and

text: Antarctic

text: waters

text: dropping

text: temperatures

text: in

text: the

text: now

text: isolated

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: Africa

text: 's

text: collision

text: with

text: Europe

text: formed

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: cutting

text: off

text: the

text: remnants

text: of

text: the

text: Tethys

text: Ocean

text: Sea

text: level

text: changes

text: exposed

text: the

text: land

text: bridge

text: between

text: Alaska

text: and

text: Asia

text: Near

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Pliocene

text: about

text: million

text: years

text: ago

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Quaternary

text: Period

text: the

text: current

text: ice

text: age

text: began

text: The

text: polar

text: regions

text: have

text: since

text: undergone

text: repeated

text: cycles

text: of

text: glaciation

text: and

text: thaw

text: repeating

text: every

text: years

question: What is the link between North and South America called?

answer: the Isthmus of Panama

text: the Isthmus of Panama

question: In which period did North and South America become linked?

answer: Pliocene

text: Pliocene

question: The Mediterranean was created by the collision of Europe and what?

answer: Africa

text: Africa

question: What period came after the Pliocene?

answer: the Quaternary Period

text: the Quaternary Period

question: The Pliocene saw the end of what fauna in South America?

answer: marsupial faunas

text: marsupial faunas


text: Further references to Fleming's material can be found throughout the film; an MI6 safehouse is called "Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques", a reference to the short story "The Hildebrand Rarity" from the For Your Eyes Only short story collection.[citation needed] Bond's torture by Blofeld mirrors his torture by the title character of Kingsley Amis' continuation novel Colonel Sun.[citation needed]

title: Spectre_(2015_film)

title: Spectre_(2015_film

text: Further

text: references

text: to

text: Fleming

text: 's

text: material

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: throughout

text: the

text: film

text: an

text: safehouse

text: is

text: called

text: Hildebrand

text: Rarities

text: and

text: Antiques

text: a

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: short

text: story

text: The

text: Hildebrand

text: Rarity

text: from

text: the

text: For

text: Your

text: Eyes

text: Only

text: short

text: story

text: collection.[citation

text: needed

text: Bond

text: 's

text: torture

text: by

text: Blofeld

text: mirrors

text: his

text: torture

text: by

text: the

text: title

text: character

text: of

text: Kingsley

text: Amis

text: continuation

text: novel

text: Colonel

text: Sun.[citation

text: needed

question: What is the name of a location in Spectre which draws its inspiration from an Ian Fleming short story?

answer: Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques

text: Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques

question: Who wrote the book Colonel Sun?

answer: Kingsley Amis

text: Kingsley Amis

question: What short story inspired the name Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques?

answer: The Hildebrand Rarity

text: The Hildebrand Rarity

question: "The Hildebrand Rarity"  is from what short story collection?

answer: For Your Eyes Only

text: For Your Eyes Only

question: Which character tortures Bond?

answer: Blofeld

text: Blofeld

question: What is the name of the MI6 safehouse?

answer: Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques

text: Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques


text: From 2000 to 2009, the AFL had its own developmental league, the af2. The AFL played 22 seasons from 1987 to 2008; internal issues caused the league to cancel its 2009 season, though the af2 did play. Later that year both the AFL and af2 were dissolved and reorganized as a new corporation comprising teams from both leagues, and the AFL returned in 2010. The Arena Football League has its headquarters in Chicago, Illinois.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: From

text: to

text: the

text: AFL

text: had

text: its

text: own

text: developmental

text: league

text: the

text: The

text: AFL

text: played

text: seasons

text: from

text: to

text: internal

text: issues

text: caused

text: the

text: league

text: to

text: cancel

text: its

text: season

text: though

text: the

text: did

text: play

text: Later

text: that

text: year

text: both

text: the

text: AFL

text: and

text: were

text: dissolved

text: and

text: reorganized

text: as

text: a

text: new

text: corporation

text: comprising

text: teams

text: from

text: both

text: leagues

text: and

text: the

text: AFL

text: returned

text: in

text: The

text: Arena

text: Football

text: League

text: has

text: its

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Chicago

text: Illinois

question: What was the name of the AFL development league?

answer: af2

question: When did the AFL development league begin?

answer: 2000

question: When was the first AFL season played?

answer: 1987

question: What Arena Football League season was cancelled?

answer: 2009

question: In what city and state is the Arena Football League based?

answer: Chicago, Illinois

text: Chicago, Illinois


text: In 1983, the International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) set up a working party (IWP11/6) with the aim of setting a single international HDTV standard. One of the thornier issues concerned a suitable frame/field refresh rate, the world already having split into two camps, 25/50 Hz and 30/60 Hz, largely due to the differences in mains frequency. The IWP11/6 working party considered many views and throughout the 1980s served to encourage development in a number of video digital processing areas, not least conversion between the two main frame/field rates using motion vectors, which led to further developments in other areas. While a comprehensive HDTV standard was not in the end established, agreement on the aspect ratio was achieved.

title: High-definition_television

title: High

title: definition_television

text: In

text: the

text: International

text: Telecommunication

text: Union

text: 's

text: radio

text: telecommunications

text: sector

text: ITU

text: R

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: working

text: party

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: setting

text: a

text: single

text: international

text: HDTV

text: standard

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: thornier

text: issues

text: concerned

text: a

text: suitable

text: frame

text: field

text: refresh

text: rate

text: the

text: world

text: already

text: having

text: split

text: into

text: two

text: camps

text: Hz

text: and

text: Hz

text: largely

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: differences

text: in

text: mains

text: frequency

text: The

text: working

text: party

text: considered

text: many

text: views

text: and

text: throughout

text: the

text: served

text: to

text: encourage

text: development

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: video

text: digital

text: processing

text: areas

text: not

text: least

text: conversion

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: main

text: frame

text: field

text: rates

text: using

text: motion

text: vectors

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: further

text: developments

text: in

text: other

text: areas

text: While

text: a

text: comprehensive

text: HDTV

text: standard

text: was

text: not

text: in

text: the

text: end

text: established

text: agreement

text: on

text: the

text: aspect

text: ratio

text: was

text: achieved

question: When did ITU-R start trying to work towards setting a single international HDTV standard?

answer: 1983

question: What did ITU-R start trying to do in 1983?

answer: setting a single international HDTV standard

text: setting a single international HDTV standard

question: What was one of the issues with setting a single HDTV standard?

answer: a suitable frame/field refresh rate

text: a suitable frame/field refresh rate

question: What was used as a conversion between the two main frame/field rates?

answer: motion vectors

text: motion vectors

question: How many frame/field rates were primarily being used in 1983?

answer: two

text: two


text: The first Digimon television series, which began airing on March 7, 1999 in Japan on Fuji TV and Kids Station and on August 14, 1999 in the United States on Fox Kids dubbed by Saban Entertainment for the North American English version. Its premise is a group of 7 kids who, while at summer camp, travel to the Digital World, inhabited by creatures known as Digital Monsters, or Digimon, learning they are chosen to be "DigiDestined" ("Chosen Children" in the Japanese version) to save both the Digital and Real World from evil. Each Kid was given a Digivice which selected them to be transported to the DigiWorld and was destined to be paired up with a Digimon Partner, such as Tai being paired up with Agumon and Matt with Gabumon. The children are helped by a mysterious man/digimon named Gennai, who helps them via hologram. The Digivices help their Digimon allies to Digivolve into stronger creatures in times of peril. The Digimon usually reached higher forms when their human partners are placed in dangerous situations, such as fighting the evil forces of Devimon, Etemon and Myotismon in their Champion forms. Later, each character discovered a crest that each belonged to a person; Tai the Crest of Courage, Matt the Crest of Friendship, Sora the Crest of Love, Izzy the Crest of Knowledge, Mimi the Crest of Sincerity, Joe the Crest of Reliability, T.K. the Crest of Hope, and later Kari the Crest of Light which allowed their Digimon to digivolve into their Ultimate forms. The group consisted of seven original characters: Taichi "Tai" Kamiya, Yamato "Matt" Ishida, Sora Takenouchi, Koushiro "Izzy" Izumi, Mimi Tachikawa, Joe Kido, and Takeru "T.K." Takaishi. Later on in the series, an eighth character was introduced: Hikari "Kari" Kamiya (who is Taichi's younger sister).

title: Digimon

title: Digimon

text: The

text: first

text: Digimon

text: television

text: series

text: which

text: began

text: airing

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: Japan

text: on

text: Fuji

text: TV

text: and

text: Kids

text: Station

text: and

text: on

text: August

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: on

text: Fox

text: Kids

text: dubbed

text: by

text: Saban

text: Entertainment

text: for

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: English

text: version

text: Its

text: premise

text: is

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: kids

text: who

text: while

text: at

text: summer

text: camp

text: travel

text: to

text: the

text: Digital

text: World

text: inhabited

text: by

text: creatures

text: known

text: as

text: Digital

text: Monsters

text: or

text: Digimon

text: learning

text: they

text: are

text: chosen

text: to

text: be

text: DigiDestined

text: Chosen

text: Children

text: in

text: the

text: Japanese

text: version

text: to

text: save

text: both

text: the

text: Digital

text: and

text: Real

text: World

text: from

text: evil

text: Each

text: Kid

text: was

text: given

text: a

text: Digivice

text: which

text: selected

text: them

text: to

text: be

text: transported

text: to

text: the

text: DigiWorld

text: and

text: was

text: destined

text: to

text: be

text: paired

text: up

text: with

text: a

text: Digimon

text: Partner

text: such

text: as

text: Tai

text: being

text: paired

text: up

text: with

text: Agumon

text: and

text: Matt

text: with

text: Gabumon

text: The

text: children

text: are

text: helped

text: by

text: a

text: mysterious

text: man

text: digimon

text: named

text: Gennai

text: who

text: helps

text: them

text: via

text: hologram

text: The

text: Digivices

text: help

text: their

text: Digimon

text: allies

text: to

text: Digivolve

text: into

text: stronger

text: creatures

text: in

text: times

text: of

text: peril

text: The

text: Digimon

text: usually

text: reached

text: higher

text: forms

text: when

text: their

text: human

text: partners

text: are

text: placed

text: in

text: dangerous

text: situations

text: such

text: as

text: fighting

text: the

text: evil

text: forces

text: of

text: Devimon

text: Etemon

text: and

text: Myotismon

text: in

text: their

text: Champion

text: forms

text: Later

text: each

text: character

text: discovered

text: a

text: crest

text: that

text: each

text: belonged

text: to

text: a

text: person

text: Tai

text: the

text: Crest

text: of

text: Courage

text: Matt

text: the

text: Crest

text: of

text: Friendship

text: Sora

text: the

text: Crest

text: of

text: Love

text: Izzy

text: the

text: Crest

text: of

text: Knowledge

text: Mimi

text: the

text: Crest

text: of

text: Sincerity

text: Joe

text: the

text: Crest

text: of

text: Reliability

text: T.K.

text: the

text: Crest

text: of

text: Hope

text: and

text: later

text: Kari

text: the

text: Crest

text: of

text: Light

text: which

text: allowed

text: their

text: Digimon

text: to

text: digivolve

text: into

text: their

text: Ultimate

text: forms

text: The

text: group

text: consisted

text: of

text: seven

text: original

text: characters

text: Taichi

text: Tai

text: Kamiya

text: Yamato

text: Matt

text: Ishida

text: Sora

text: Takenouchi

text: Koushiro

text: Izzy

text: Izumi

text: Mimi

text: Tachikawa

text: Joe

text: Kido

text: and

text: Takeru

text: T.K.

text: Takaishi

text: Later

text: on

text: in

text: the

text: series

text: an

text: eighth

text: character

text: was

text: introduced

text: Hikari

text: Kari

text: Kamiya

text: who

text: is

text: Taichi

text: 's

text: younger

text: sister

question: When did the first digimon series begin airing in japan?

answer: March 7, 1999 in Japan

text: March 7, 1999 in Japan

question: When did Digimon begin airing in America?

answer: August 14, 1999

text: August 14, 1999

question: What was the premise of Digimon?

answer: travel to the Digital World

text: travel to the Digital World

question: How many people are in the original Digimon?

answer: seven original characters

text: seven original characters


text: "At 11 am Petrus Canisius Van Lierde as Papal Sacristan was at the bedside of the dying pope, ready to anoint him. The pope began to speak for the very last time: "I had the great grace to be born into a Christian family, modest and poor, but with the fear of the Lord. My time on earth is drawing to a close. But Christ lives on and continues his work in the Church. Souls, souls, ut omnes unum sint."[c] Van Lierde then anointed his eyes, ears, mouth, hands and feet. Overcome by emotion, Van Lierde forgot the right order of anointing. John XXIII gently helped him before bidding those present a last farewell.

title: Pope_John_XXIII

title: Pope_John_XXIII

text: At

text: am

text: Petrus

text: Canisius

text: Van

text: Lierde

text: as

text: Papal

text: Sacristan

text: was

text: at

text: the

text: bedside

text: of

text: the

text: dying

text: pope

text: ready

text: to

text: anoint

text: him

text: The

text: pope

text: began

text: to

text: speak

text: for

text: the

text: very

text: last

text: time

text: I

text: had

text: the

text: great

text: grace

text: to

text: be

text: born

text: into

text: a

text: Christian

text: family

text: modest

text: and

text: poor

text: but

text: with

text: the

text: fear

text: of

text: the

text: Lord

text: My

text: time

text: on

text: earth

text: is

text: drawing

text: to

text: a

text: close

text: But

text: Christ

text: lives

text: on

text: and

text: continues

text: his

text: work

text: in

text: the

text: Church

text: Souls

text: souls

text: ut

text: omnes

text: unum

text: sint."[c

text: Van

text: Lierde

text: then

text: anointed

text: his

text: eyes

text: ears

text: mouth

text: hands

text: and

text: feet

text: Overcome

text: by

text: emotion

text: Van

text: Lierde

text: forgot

text: the

text: right

text: order

text: of

text: anointing

text: John

text: XXIII

text: gently

text: helped

text: him

text: before

text: bidding

text: those

text: present

text: a

text: last

text: farewell

question: Who was at the dying pope's bedside?

answer: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde

text: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde

question: Who was the Papal Sacristan for John XXIII?

answer: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde

text: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde

question: When did the pope bid farewell?

answer: 11 am

text: 11 am


text: The war had also brought to an end the "Old System" of alliances in Europe, In the years after the war, under the direction of Lord Sandwich, the British did try to re-establish this system. But after her surprising grand success against a coalition of great powers, European states such as Austria, The Dutch Republic, Sweden, Denmark-Norway, Ottoman Empire, and Russia now saw Britain as a greater threat than France and did not join them, while the Prussians were angered by what they considered a British betrayal in 1762. Consequently, when the American War of Independence turned into a global war between 1778–83, Britain found itself opposed by a strong coalition of European powers, and lacking any substantial ally.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: The

text: war

text: had

text: also

text: brought

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: the

text: Old

text: System

text: of

text: alliances

text: in

text: Europe

text: In

text: the

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: war

text: under

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: Lord

text: Sandwich

text: the

text: British

text: did

text: try

text: to

text: re

text: establish

text: this

text: system

text: But

text: after

text: her

text: surprising

text: grand

text: success

text: against

text: a

text: coalition

text: of

text: great

text: powers

text: European

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: Austria

text: The

text: Dutch

text: Republic

text: Sweden

text: Denmark

text: Norway

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: and

text: Russia

text: now

text: saw

text: Britain

text: as

text: a

text: greater

text: threat

text: than

text: France

text: and

text: did

text: not

text: join

text: them

text: while

text: the

text: Prussians

text: were

text: angered

text: by

text: what

text: they

text: considered

text: a

text: British

text: betrayal

text: in

text: Consequently

text: when

text: the

text: American

text: War

text: of

text: Independence

text: turned

text: into

text: a

text: global

text: war

text: between

text: Britain

text: found

text: itself

text: opposed

text: by

text: a

text: strong

text: coalition

text: of

text: European

text: powers

text: and

text: lacking

text: any

text: substantial

text: ally

question: What British nobleman attempted to retain European alliances following the Seven Years' War?

answer: Lord Sandwich

text: Lord Sandwich

question: What countries joined Britain as allies?

answer: lacking any substantial ally

text: lacking any substantial ally

question: Did the European countries see Britain or France as a greater threat?

answer: now saw Britain as a greater threat than France

text: now saw Britain as a greater threat than France

question: When did the American War of Independence turn into a global conflict?

answer: 1778–83

question: What drove Prussia away from renewing its alliance with Britain?

answer: Prussians were angered by what they considered a British betrayal in 1762

text: Prussians were angered by what they considered a British betrayal in 1762


text: The six Warsaw Pact countries of Eastern Europe, while nominally independent, were widely recognized in the international community as the Soviet satellite states. All had been occupied by the Soviet Red Army in 1945, had Soviet-style socialist states imposed upon them, and had very restricted freedom of action in either domestic or international affairs. Any moves towards real independence were suppressed by military force – in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Prague Spring in 1968. Gorbachev abandoned the oppressive and expensive Brezhnev Doctrine, which mandated intervention in the Warsaw Pact states, in favor of non-intervention in the internal affairs of allies – jokingly termed the Sinatra Doctrine in a reference to the Frank Sinatra song "My Way".

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: The

text: six

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: countries

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: while

text: nominally

text: independent

text: were

text: widely

text: recognized

text: in

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: as

text: the

text: Soviet

text: satellite

text: states

text: All

text: had

text: been

text: occupied

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Red

text: Army

text: in

text: had

text: Soviet

text: style

text: socialist

text: states

text: imposed

text: upon

text: them

text: and

text: had

text: very

text: restricted

text: freedom

text: of

text: action

text: in

text: either

text: domestic

text: or

text: international

text: affairs

text: Any

text: moves

text: towards

text: real

text: independence

text: were

text: suppressed

text: by

text: military

text: force

text: in

text: the

text: Hungarian

text: Revolution

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: Prague

text: Spring

text: in

text: Gorbachev

text: abandoned

text: the

text: oppressive

text: and

text: expensive

text: Brezhnev

text: Doctrine

text: which

text: mandated

text: intervention

text: in

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: states

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: non

text: intervention

text: in

text: the

text: internal

text: affairs

text: of

text: allies

text: jokingly

text: termed

text: the

text: Sinatra

text: Doctrine

text: in

text: a

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: Frank

text: Sinatra

text: song

text: My

text: Way

question: What year did the Prague Spring take place?

answer: 1968

question: What happened to Prague and Hungary's attempts at independence?

answer: suppressed by military force

text: suppressed by military force

question: Under what doctrine was the Soviet Union required to intervene in the Warsaw Pact states?

answer: Brezhnev Doctrine

text: Brezhnev Doctrine

question: Other than being expensive what was wrong with the Brezhnev Doctrine?

answer: oppressive

text: oppressive

question: What is the nickname for Gorbachev's new doctrine?

answer: Sinatra Doctrine

text: Sinatra Doctrine


text: Until the period following World War I the Near East and the Middle East coexisted, but they were not always seen as distinct. Bertram Lenox Simpson, a colonial officer killed eventually in China, uses the terms together in his 1910 book, The Conflict of Color, as "the Near and Middle East." The total super-region consisted of "India, Afghanistan, Persia, Arabistan, Asia Minor, and last, but not least, Egypt." Simpson (under his pen-name, Weale) explains that this entire region "is politically one region – in spite of the divisions into which it is academically divided." His own term revives "the Nearer East" as opposed to "the Far East."

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: Until

text: the

text: period

text: following

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: and

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: coexisted

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: not

text: always

text: seen

text: as

text: distinct

text: Bertram

text: Lenox

text: Simpson

text: a

text: colonial

text: officer

text: killed

text: eventually

text: in

text: China

text: uses

text: the

text: terms

text: together

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: The

text: Conflict

text: of

text: Color

text: as

text: the

text: Near

text: and

text: Middle

text: East

text: The

text: total

text: super

text: region

text: consisted

text: of

text: India

text: Afghanistan

text: Persia

text: Arabistan

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: and

text: last

text: but

text: not

text: least

text: Egypt

text: Simpson

text: under

text: his

text: pen

text: name

text: Weale

text: explains

text: that

text: this

text: entire

text: region

text: is

text: politically

text: one

text: region

text: in

text: spite

text: of

text: the

text: divisions

text: into

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: academically

text: divided

text: His

text: own

text: term

text: revives

text: the

text: Nearer

text: East

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: Far

text: East

question: The Near East and the Middle East coexisted until what period?

answer: the period following World War I

text: the period following World War I

question: Who was the colonial officer killed in China?

answer: Bertram Lenox Simpson

text: Bertram Lenox Simpson

question: Who wrote the 1910 book 'The Conflict of Color'?

answer: Bertram Lenox Simpson

text: Bertram Lenox Simpson

question: What was Simpson's pen-name?

answer: Weale

text: Weale


text: Dvaita Vedanta is a dualistic interpretation of the Vedas, espouses dualism by theorizing the existence of two separate realities. The first and the only independent reality, states the Dvaita school, is that of Vishnu or Brahman. Vishnu is the supreme Self, in a manner similar to monotheistic God in other major religions. The distinguishing factor of Dvaita philosophy, as opposed to monistic Advaita Vedanta, is that God takes on a personal role and is seen as a real eternal entity that governs and controls the universe. Like Vishishtadvaita Vedanta subschool, Dvaita philosophy also embraced Vaishnavism, with the metaphysical concept of Brahman in the Vedas identified with Vishnu and the one and only Supreme Being. However, unlike Vishishtadvaita which envisions ultimate qualified nondualism, the dualism of Dvaita was permanent.

title: Hindu_philosophy

title: Hindu_philosophy

text: Dvaita

text: Vedanta

text: is

text: a

text: dualistic

text: interpretation

text: of

text: the

text: Vedas

text: espouses

text: dualism

text: by

text: theorizing

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: two

text: separate

text: realities

text: The

text: first

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: independent

text: reality

text: states

text: the

text: Dvaita

text: school

text: is

text: that

text: of

text: Vishnu

text: or

text: Brahman

text: Vishnu

text: is

text: the

text: supreme

text: Self

text: in

text: a

text: manner

text: similar

text: to

text: monotheistic

text: God

text: in

text: other

text: major

text: religions

text: The

text: distinguishing

text: factor

text: of

text: Dvaita

text: philosophy

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: monistic

text: Advaita

text: Vedanta

text: is

text: that

text: God

text: takes

text: on

text: a

text: personal

text: role

text: and

text: is

text: seen

text: as

text: a

text: real

text: eternal

text: entity

text: that

text: governs

text: and

text: controls

text: the

text: universe

text: Like

text: Vishishtadvaita

text: Vedanta

text: subschool

text: Dvaita

text: philosophy

text: also

text: embraced

text: Vaishnavism

text: with

text: the

text: metaphysical

text: concept

text: of

text: Brahman

text: in

text: the

text: Vedas

text: identified

text: with

text: Vishnu

text: and

text: the

text: one

text: and

text: only

text: Supreme

text: Being

text: However

text: unlike

text: Vishishtadvaita

text: which

text: envisions

text: ultimate

text: qualified

text: nondualism

text: the

text: dualism

text: of

text: Dvaita

text: was

text: permanent

question: Of what does Dvaita Vedanta theorize the existence?

answer: two separate realities

text: two separate realities

question: To what entity is the Vedanta Vishnu similar in other religions?

answer: monotheistic God

text: monotheistic God

question: How is the God of Dvaita different from that of Advaita in actions?

answer: takes on a personal role

text: takes on a personal role

question: As what did the Dvaita school view dualism?

answer: permanent

text: permanent

question: Who did the Dvaita school identify as the Supreme Being?

answer: Vishnu

text: Vishnu


text: Infants do not have the language ability to report on their memories and so verbal reports cannot be used to assess very young children’s memory. Throughout the years, however, researchers have adapted and developed a number of measures for assessing both infants’ recognition memory and their recall memory. Habituation and operant conditioning techniques have been used to assess infants’ recognition memory and the deferred and elicited imitation techniques have been used to assess infants’ recall memory.

title: Memory

title: Memory

text: Infants

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: the

text: language

text: ability

text: to

text: report

text: on

text: their

text: memories

text: and

text: so

text: verbal

text: reports

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: assess

text: very

text: young

text: children

text: ’s

text: memory

text: Throughout

text: the

text: years

text: however

text: researchers

text: have

text: adapted

text: and

text: developed

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: measures

text: for

text: assessing

text: both

text: infants’

text: recognition

text: memory

text: and

text: their

text: recall

text: memory

text: Habituation

text: and

text: operant

text: conditioning

text: techniques

text: have

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: assess

text: infants’

text: recognition

text: memory

text: and

text: the

text: deferred

text: and

text: elicited

text: imitation

text: techniques

text: have

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: assess

text: infants’

text: recall

text: memory

question: Why do infants and young childrens memories need to be assesed differently?

answer: do not have the language ability to report on their memories

text: do not have the language ability to report on their memories

question: Can researchers study an infants or young childs memories?

answer: , researchers have adapted and developed a number of measures for assessing both infants’ recognition memory and their recall memory.

text: , researchers have adapted and developed a number of measures for assessing both infants’ recognition memory and their recall memory.

question: How can a researcher study a childs memory?

answer: elicited imitation techniques

text: elicited imitation techniques


text: A look at one minority leadership strategy—partisan opposition—may suggest why it might be employed in specific circumstances. The purposes of obstruction are several, such as frustrating the majority party's ability to govern or attracting press and media attention to the alleged ineffectiveness of the majority party. "We know how to delay," remarked Minority Leader Gephardt Dilatory motions to adjourn, appeals of the presiding officer's ruling, or numerous requests for roll call votes are standard time-consuming parliamentary tactics. By stalling action on the majority party's agenda, the minority leader may be able to launch a campaign against a "do-nothing Congress" and convince enough voters to put his party back in charge of the House. To be sure, the minority leader recognizes that "going negative" carries risks and may not be a winning strategy if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public.

title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives

text: A

text: look

text: at

text: one

text: minority

text: leadership

text: strategy

text: partisan

text: opposition

text: may

text: suggest

text: why

text: it

text: might

text: be

text: employed

text: in

text: specific

text: circumstances

text: The

text: purposes

text: of

text: obstruction

text: are

text: several

text: such

text: as

text: frustrating

text: the

text: majority

text: party

text: 's

text: ability

text: to

text: govern

text: or

text: attracting

text: press

text: and

text: media

text: attention

text: to

text: the

text: alleged

text: ineffectiveness

text: of

text: the

text: majority

text: party

text: We

text: know

text: how

text: to

text: delay

text: remarked

text: Minority

text: Leader

text: Gephardt

text: Dilatory

text: motions

text: to

text: adjourn

text: appeals

text: of

text: the

text: presiding

text: officer

text: 's

text: ruling

text: or

text: numerous

text: requests

text: for

text: roll

text: call

text: votes

text: are

text: standard

text: time

text: consuming

text: parliamentary

text: tactics

text: By

text: stalling

text: action

text: on

text: the

text: majority

text: party

text: 's

text: agenda

text: the

text: minority

text: leader

text: may

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: launch

text: a

text: campaign

text: against

text: a

text: do

text: nothing

text: Congress

text: and

text: convince

text: enough

text: voters

text: to

text: put

text: his

text: party

text: back

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: To

text: be

text: sure

text: the

text: minority

text: leader

text: recognizes

text: that

text: going

text: negative

text: carries

text: risks

text: and

text: may

text: not

text: be

text: a

text: winning

text: strategy

text: if

text: his

text: party

text: fails

text: to

text: offer

text: policy

text: alternatives

text: that

text: appeal

text: to

text: broad

text: segments

text: of

text: the

text: general

text: public

question: What is the purpose of Obstruction?

answer: frustrating the majority party's ability to govern or attracting press and media attention to the alleged ineffectiveness

text: frustrating the majority party's ability to govern or attracting press and media attention to the alleged ineffectiveness

question: How can obstruction be employed?

answer: motions to adjourn, appeals of the presiding officer's ruling, or numerous requests for roll call votes

text: motions to adjourn, appeals of the presiding officer's ruling, or numerous requests for roll call votes

question: Is it safe to employ negative strategy?

answer: "going negative" carries risks

text: "going negative" carries risks

question: What may be a risk negative tactic?

answer: if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public

text: if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public


text: After disenfranchisement of blacks, the GOP in Tennessee was historically a sectional party supported by whites only in the eastern part of the state. In the 20th century, except for two nationwide Republican landslides of the 1920s (in 1920, when Tennessee narrowly supported Warren G. Harding over Ohio Governor James Cox, and in 1928, when it more decisively voted for Herbert Hoover over New York Governor Al Smith, a Catholic), the state was part of the Democratic Solid South until the 1950s. In that postwar decade, it twice voted for Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower, former Allied Commander of the Armed Forces during World War II. Since then, more of the state's voters have shifted to supporting Republicans, and Democratic presidential candidates have carried Tennessee only four times.

title: Tennessee

title: Tennessee

text: After

text: disenfranchisement

text: of

text: blacks

text: the

text: GOP

text: in

text: Tennessee

text: was

text: historically

text: a

text: sectional

text: party

text: supported

text: by

text: whites

text: only

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: except

text: for

text: two

text: nationwide

text: Republican

text: landslides

text: of

text: the

text: in

text: when

text: Tennessee

text: narrowly

text: supported

text: Warren

text: G.

text: Harding

text: over

text: Ohio

text: Governor

text: James

text: Cox

text: and

text: in

text: when

text: it

text: more

text: decisively

text: voted

text: for

text: Herbert

text: Hoover

text: over

text: New

text: York

text: Governor

text: Al

text: Smith

text: a

text: Catholic

text: the

text: state

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Solid

text: South

text: until

text: the

text: In

text: that

text: postwar

text: decade

text: it

text: twice

text: voted

text: for

text: Republican

text: Dwight

text: D.

text: Eisenhower

text: former

text: Allied

text: Commander

text: of

text: the

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Since

text: then

text: more

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: voters

text: have

text: shifted

text: to

text: supporting

text: Republicans

text: and

text: Democratic

text: presidential

text: candidates

text: have

text: carried

text: Tennessee

text: only

text: four

text: times

question: Which Republican presidential candidate did Tennessee support in 1920?

answer: Warren G. Harding

text: Warren G. Harding

question: What religion was the Democratic presidential candidate that Tennessee voted against in 1928?

answer: Catholic

text: Catholic

question: How many times has Tennessee supported Democratic presidential candidates in the general elections since the 1950s?

answer: four

text: four

question: Which Republican won the Presidency while carrying Tennessee in 1928?

answer: Herbert Hoover

text: Herbert Hoover


text: Other radio stations based in Mogadishu include Mustaqbal Media corporation and the Shabelle Media Network, the latter of which was in 2010 awarded the Media of the Year prize by the Paris-based journalism organisation, Reporters Without Borders (RSF). In total, about one short-wave and ten private FM radio stations broadcast from the capital, with several radio stations broadcasting from the central and southern regions.

title: Communications_in_Somalia

title: Communications_in_Somalia

text: Other

text: radio

text: stations

text: based

text: in

text: Mogadishu

text: include

text: Mustaqbal

text: Media

text: corporation

text: and

text: the

text: Shabelle

text: Media

text: Network

text: the

text: latter

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: in

text: awarded

text: the

text: Media

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: prize

text: by

text: the

text: Paris

text: based

text: journalism

text: organisation

text: Reporters

text: Without

text: Borders

text: RSF

text: In

text: total

text: about

text: one

text: short

text: wave

text: and

text: ten

text: private

text: FM

text: radio

text: stations

text: broadcast

text: from

text: the

text: capital

text: with

text: several

text: radio

text: stations

text: broadcasting

text: from

text: the

text: central

text: and

text: southern

text: regions

question: Mustaqbal Media Corporation is based where?

answer: Mogadishu

text: Mogadishu

question: In what year was Shabelle Media network awarded the media of the year prize?

answer: 2010

question: How many short wave radio stations broadcast from the capital?

answer: one

text: one


text: In 1869 the Suez Canal opened under Napoleon III, linking the Mediterranean with the Indian Ocean. Initially the Canal was opposed by the British; but once opened, its strategic value was quickly recognised and became the "jugular vein of the Empire". In 1875, the Conservative government of Benjamin Disraeli bought the indebted Egyptian ruler Isma'il Pasha's 44 percent shareholding in the Suez Canal for £4 million (£340 million in 2013). Although this did not grant outright control of the strategic waterway, it did give Britain leverage. Joint Anglo-French financial control over Egypt ended in outright British occupation in 1882. The French were still majority shareholders and attempted to weaken the British position, but a compromise was reached with the 1888 Convention of Constantinople, which made the Canal officially neutral territory.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: In

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: opened

text: under

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: linking

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: with

text: the

text: Indian

text: Ocean

text: Initially

text: the

text: Canal

text: was

text: opposed

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: but

text: once

text: opened

text: its

text: strategic

text: value

text: was

text: quickly

text: recognised

text: and

text: became

text: the

text: jugular

text: vein

text: of

text: the

text: Empire

text: In

text: the

text: Conservative

text: government

text: of

text: Benjamin

text: Disraeli

text: bought

text: the

text: indebted

text: Egyptian

text: ruler

text: Isma'il

text: Pasha

text: 's

text: percent

text: shareholding

text: in

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: for

text: million

text: million

text: in

text: Although

text: this

text: did

text: not

text: grant

text: outright

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: strategic

text: waterway

text: it

text: did

text: give

text: Britain

text: leverage

text: Joint

text: Anglo

text: French

text: financial

text: control

text: over

text: Egypt

text: ended

text: in

text: outright

text: British

text: occupation

text: in

text: The

text: French

text: were

text: still

text: majority

text: shareholders

text: and

text: attempted

text: to

text: weaken

text: the

text: British

text: position

text: but

text: a

text: compromise

text: was

text: reached

text: with

text: the

text: Convention

text: of

text: Constantinople

text: which

text: made

text: the

text: Canal

text: officially

text: neutral

text: territory

question: When did the Suez Canal open?

answer: 1869

question: Which ocean did the Suez Canal connect the Mediterranean to?

answer: Indian Ocean

text: Indian Ocean

question: Which French leader ruled when the Suez Canal opened?

answer: Napoleon III

text: Napoleon III

question: How much did Britain spend to buy Egypt's share of the Suez Canal?

answer: £4 million

text: £4 million

question: The Suez Canal became neutral territory by what treaty?

answer: Convention of Constantinople

text: Convention of Constantinople


text: By the 11th century, London was beyond all comparison the largest town in England. Westminster Abbey, rebuilt in the Romanesque style by King Edward the Confessor, was one of the grandest churches in Europe. Winchester had previously been the capital of Anglo-Saxon England, but from this time on, London became the main forum for foreign traders and the base for defence in time of war. In the view of Frank Stenton: "It had the resources, and it was rapidly developing the dignity and the political self-consciousness appropriate to a national capital."

title: London

title: London

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: London

text: was

text: beyond

text: all

text: comparison

text: the

text: largest

text: town

text: in

text: England

text: Westminster

text: Abbey

text: rebuilt

text: in

text: the

text: Romanesque

text: style

text: by

text: King

text: Edward

text: the

text: Confessor

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: grandest

text: churches

text: in

text: Europe

text: Winchester

text: had

text: previously

text: been

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Anglo

text: Saxon

text: England

text: but

text: from

text: this

text: time

text: on

text: London

text: became

text: the

text: main

text: forum

text: for

text: foreign

text: traders

text: and

text: the

text: base

text: for

text: defence

text: in

text: time

text: of

text: war

text: In

text: the

text: view

text: of

text: Frank

text: Stenton

text: It

text: had

text: the

text: resources

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: rapidly

text: developing

text: the

text: dignity

text: and

text: the

text: political

text: self

text: consciousness

text: appropriate

text: to

text: a

text: national

text: capital

question: Who rebuilt Westminster Abbey?

answer: King Edward the Confessor

text: King Edward the Confessor

question: By which century had London started becoming a prominent capital city?

answer: the 11th century

text: the 11th century

question: What architectural style was Westminster Abbey rebuilt in?

answer: Romanesque

text: Romanesque

question: What historian was quoted as saying that London had all the necessary characteristics to be a major capital city?

answer: Frank Stenton

text: Frank Stenton

question: Prior to the 11th century, what was Anglo-Saxon England's capital?

answer: Winchester

text: Winchester


title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

text: According

text: to

text: Sun

text: Jiadong

text: the

text: chief

text: designer

text: of

text: the

text: navigation

text: system

text: Many

text: organizations

text: have

text: been

text: using

text: our

text: system

text: for

text: a

text: while

text: and

text: they

text: like

text: it

text: very

text: much

question: Who is the chief designer of the BeiDou navigation system?

answer: Sun Jiadong

text: Sun Jiadong

question: What did Sun Jiadong have to say about the BeiDou navigation system?

answer: "Many organizations have been using our system for a while, and they like it very much."

text: "Many organizations have been using our system for a while, and they like it very much."

question: Who is Sun Jiadong?

answer: the chief designer of the navigation system

text: the chief designer of the navigation system


text: President Franklin Roosevelt ordered General Douglas MacArthur in the Philippines to formulate a Pacific defence plan with Australia in March 1942. Curtin agreed to place Australian forces under the command of MacArthur who became Supreme Commander, South West Pacific. MacArthur moved his headquarters to Melbourne in March 1942 and American troops began massing in Australia. Enemy naval activity reached Sydney in late May 1942, when Japanese midget submarines launched a daring raid on Sydney Harbour. On 8 June 1942, two Japanese submarines briefly shelled Sydney's eastern suburbs and the city of Newcastle.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: President

text: Franklin

text: Roosevelt

text: ordered

text: General

text: Douglas

text: MacArthur

text: in

text: the

text: Philippines

text: to

text: formulate

text: a

text: Pacific

text: defence

text: plan

text: with

text: Australia

text: in

text: March

text: Curtin

text: agreed

text: to

text: place

text: Australian

text: forces

text: under

text: the

text: command

text: of

text: MacArthur

text: who

text: became

text: Supreme

text: Commander

text: South

text: West

text: Pacific

text: MacArthur

text: moved

text: his

text: headquarters

text: to

text: Melbourne

text: in

text: March

text: and

text: American

text: troops

text: began

text: massing

text: in

text: Australia

text: Enemy

text: naval

text: activity

text: reached

text: Sydney

text: in

text: late

text: May

text: when

text: Japanese

text: midget

text: submarines

text: launched

text: a

text: daring

text: raid

text: on

text: Sydney

text: Harbour

text: On

text: June

text: two

text: Japanese

text: submarines

text: briefly

text: shelled

text: Sydney

text: 's

text: eastern

text: suburbs

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Newcastle

question: Who ordered General MacArthur to make a defense plan with Australia?

answer: President Franklin Roosevelt

text: President Franklin Roosevelt

question: When was General MacArthur ordered to make a defense plan with Australia?

answer: March 1942

text: March 1942

question: Who was the Supreme Commander of the South West Allied forces?

answer: MacArthur

text: MacArthur

question: Where was MacArthur's headquarters moved to in March of 1942?

answer: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

question: How many Japanese submarines shelled Sydney on June 8, 1942?

answer: two

text: two


text: For more than 40 years, Paul Ekman has supported the view that emotions are discrete, measurable, and physiologically distinct. Ekman's most influential work revolved around the finding that certain emotions appeared to be universally recognized, even in cultures that were preliterate and could not have learned associations for facial expressions through media. Another classic study found that when participants contorted their facial muscles into distinct facial expressions (e.g. disgust), they reported subjective and physiological experiences that matched the distinct facial expressions. His research findings led him to classify six emotions as basic: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: For

text: more

text: than

text: years

text: Paul

text: Ekman

text: has

text: supported

text: the

text: view

text: that

text: emotions

text: are

text: discrete

text: measurable

text: and

text: physiologically

text: distinct

text: Ekman

text: 's

text: most

text: influential

text: work

text: revolved

text: around

text: the

text: finding

text: that

text: certain

text: emotions

text: appeared

text: to

text: be

text: universally

text: recognized

text: even

text: in

text: cultures

text: that

text: were

text: preliterate

text: and

text: could

text: not

text: have

text: learned

text: associations

text: for

text: facial

text: expressions

text: through

text: media

text: Another

text: classic

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: when

text: participants

text: contorted

text: their

text: facial

text: muscles

text: into

text: distinct

text: facial

text: expressions

text: e.g.

text: disgust

text: they

text: reported

text: subjective

text: and

text: physiological

text: experiences

text: that

text: matched

text: the

text: distinct

text: facial

text: expressions

text: His

text: research

text: findings

text: led

text: him

text: to

text: classify

text: six

text: emotions

text: as

text: basic

text: anger

text: disgust

text: fear

text: happiness

text: sadness

text: and

text: surprise

question: Who has argued that emotions are discrete?

answer: Paul Ekman

text: Paul Ekman

question: How many basic emotions did Ekman recognize?

answer: six

text: six

question: Along with anger, disgust, happiness, sadness and fear, what is one of Ekman's basic emotions?

answer: surprise

text: surprise


text: In India the majority of these schools follow the Hanafi school of thought. The religious establishment forms part of the mainly two large divisions within the country, namely the Deobandis, who dominate in numbers (of whom the Darul Uloom Deoband constitutes one of the biggest madaris) and the Barelvis, who also make up a sizeable portion (Sufi-oriented). Some notable establishments include: Al Jamiatul Ashrafia, Mubarakpur, Manzar Islam Bareilly, Jamia Nizamdina New Delhi, Jamia Nayeemia Muradabad which is one of the largest learning centres for the Barelvis. The HR[clarification needed] ministry of the government of India has recently[when?] declared that a Central Madrasa Board would be set up. This will enhance the education system of madaris in India. Though the madaris impart Quranic education mainly, efforts are on to include Mathematics, Computers and science in the curriculum. In July 2015, the state government of Maharashtra created a stir de-recognised madrasa education, receiving critisicm from several political parties with the NCP accusing the ruling BJP of creating Hindu-Muslim friction in the state, and Kamal Farooqui of the All India Muslim Personal Law Board saying it was "ill-designed"

title: Madrasa

title: Madrasa

text: In

text: India

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: these

text: schools

text: follow

text: the

text: Hanafi

text: school

text: of

text: thought

text: The

text: religious

text: establishment

text: forms

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: mainly

text: two

text: large

text: divisions

text: within

text: the

text: country

text: namely

text: the

text: Deobandis

text: who

text: dominate

text: in

text: numbers

text: of

text: whom

text: the

text: Darul

text: Uloom

text: Deoband

text: constitutes

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: biggest

text: madaris

text: and

text: the

text: Barelvis

text: who

text: also

text: make

text: up

text: a

text: sizeable

text: portion

text: Sufi

text: oriented

text: Some

text: notable

text: establishments

text: include

text: Al

text: Jamiatul

text: Ashrafia

text: Mubarakpur

text: Manzar

text: Islam

text: Bareilly

text: Jamia

text: Nizamdina

text: New

text: Delhi

text: Jamia

text: Nayeemia

text: Muradabad

text: which

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: learning

text: centres

text: for

text: the

text: Barelvis

text: The

text: HR[clarification

text: needed

text: ministry

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: India

text: has

text: recently[when

text: declared

text: that

text: a

text: Central

text: Madrasa

text: Board

text: would

text: be

text: set

text: up

text: This

text: will

text: enhance

text: the

text: education

text: system

text: of

text: madaris

text: in

text: India

text: Though

text: the

text: madaris

text: impart

text: Quranic

text: education

text: mainly

text: efforts

text: are

text: on

text: to

text: include

text: Mathematics

text: Computers

text: and

text: science

text: in

text: the

text: curriculum

text: In

text: July

text: the

text: state

text: government

text: of

text: Maharashtra

text: created

text: a

text: stir

text: de

text: recognised

text: madrasa

text: education

text: receiving

text: critisicm

text: from

text: several

text: political

text: parties

text: with

text: the

text: NCP

text: accusing

text: the

text: ruling

text: BJP

text: of

text: creating

text: Hindu

text: Muslim

text: friction

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: Kamal

text: Farooqui

text: of

text: the

text: All

text: India

text: Muslim

text: Personal

text: Law

text: Board

text: saying

text: it

text: was

text: ill

text: designed

question: What group makes up a larger percentage of people in India?

answer: Deobandis

text: Deobandis

question: What problems are arising due to the political conflicts over schools?

answer: Hindu-Muslim friction

text: Hindu-Muslim friction

question: What is the largest school for Barelvis people in India?

answer: Jamia Nayeemia Muradabad

text: Jamia Nayeemia Muradabad

question: What disciplines does India want to introduce to madaris?

answer: Mathematics, Computers and science

text: Mathematics, Computers and science

question: In what year did the Indian government begin to stop recognizing madaris as schools?

answer: 2015


text: In his 1805 mandolin method, Anweisung die Mandoline von selbst zu erlernen nebst einigen Uebungsstucken von Bortolazzi, Bartolomeo Bortolazzi popularised the Cremonese mandolin, which had four single-strings and a fixed bridge, to which the strings were attached. Bortolazzi said in this book that the new wire strung mandolins were uncomfortable to play, when compared with the gut-string instruments. Also, he felt they had a "less pleasing...hard, zither-like tone" as compared to the gut string's "softer, full-singing tone." He favored the four single strings of the Cremonese instrument, which were tuned the same as the Neapolitan.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: In

text: his

text: mandolin

text: method

text: Anweisung

text: die

text: Mandoline

text: von

text: selbst

text: zu

text: erlernen

text: nebst

text: einigen

text: Uebungsstucken

text: von

text: Bortolazzi

text: Bartolomeo

text: Bortolazzi

text: popularised

text: the

text: Cremonese

text: mandolin

text: which

text: had

text: four

text: single

text: strings

text: and

text: a

text: fixed

text: bridge

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: strings

text: were

text: attached

text: Bortolazzi

text: said

text: in

text: this

text: book

text: that

text: the

text: new

text: wire

text: strung

text: mandolins

text: were

text: uncomfortable

text: to

text: play

text: when

text: compared

text: with

text: the

text: gut

text: string

text: instruments

text: Also

text: he

text: felt

text: they

text: had

text: a

text: less

text: pleasing

text: hard

text: zither

text: like

text: tone

text: as

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: gut

text: string

text: 's

text: softer

text: full

text: singing

text: tone

text: He

text: favored

text: the

text: four

text: single

text: strings

text: of

text: the

text: Cremonese

text: instrument

text: which

text: were

text: tuned

text: the

text: same

text: as

text: the

text: Neapolitan

question: Who popularised the Cremonese Mandolin?

answer: Bartolomeo Bortolazzi

text: Bartolomeo Bortolazzi

question: What was Bartolomeo Bortolazzi's popular mandolin method?

answer: Anweisung die Mandoline von selbst zu erlernen nebst einigen Uebungsstucken von Bortolazzi

text: Anweisung die Mandoline von selbst zu erlernen nebst einigen Uebungsstucken von Bortolazzi

question: How many strings did the Cremonese Mandolin have?

answer: four single-strings

text: four single-strings

question: Did Bortolazzi like playing the new wire strung mandolins?

answer: uncomfortable to play

text: uncomfortable to play

question: What did Bortolazzi say about the sound?

answer: less pleasing...hard, zither-like tone

text: less pleasing...hard, zither-like tone


text: The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration, used wheel-and-disc mechanisms to perform the integration. In 1876 Lord Kelvin had already discussed the possible construction of such calculators, but he had been stymied by the limited output torque of the ball-and-disk integrators. In a differential analyzer, the output of one integrator drove the input of the next integrator, or a graphing output. The torque amplifier was the advance that allowed these machines to work. Starting in the 1920s, Vannevar Bush and others developed mechanical differential analyzers.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: differential

text: analyser

text: a

text: mechanical

text: analog

text: computer

text: designed

text: to

text: solve

text: differential

text: equations

text: by

text: integration

text: used

text: wheel

text: and

text: disc

text: mechanisms

text: to

text: perform

text: the

text: integration

text: In

text: Lord

text: Kelvin

text: had

text: already

text: discussed

text: the

text: possible

text: construction

text: of

text: such

text: calculators

text: but

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: stymied

text: by

text: the

text: limited

text: output

text: torque

text: of

text: the

text: ball

text: and

text: disk

text: integrators

text: In

text: a

text: differential

text: analyzer

text: the

text: output

text: of

text: one

text: integrator

text: drove

text: the

text: input

text: of

text: the

text: next

text: integrator

text: or

text: a

text: graphing

text: output

text: The

text: torque

text: amplifier

text: was

text: the

text: advance

text: that

text: allowed

text: these

text: machines

text: to

text: work

text: Starting

text: in

text: the

text: Vannevar

text: Bush

text: and

text: others

text: developed

text: mechanical

text: differential

text: analyzers

question: What type of mechanisms did the differential analyzer use?

answer: wheel-and-disc

text: wheel-and-disc

question: In 1876 who lobbied for the construction of the differential analyzers?

answer: Lord Kelvin

text: Lord Kelvin

question: During what decade were mechanical differential analyzers developed?

answer: 1920s

question: In the 1920s, who was the person who developed mechanical differential analyzers?

answer: Vannevar Bush

text: Vannevar Bush


text: Prior to Einstein's paper, electromagnetic radiation such as visible light was considered to behave as a wave: hence the use of the terms "frequency" and "wavelength" to characterise different types of radiation. The energy transferred by a wave in a given time is called its intensity. The light from a theatre spotlight is more intense than the light from a domestic lightbulb; that is to say that the spotlight gives out more energy per unit time and per unit space(and hence consumes more electricity) than the ordinary bulb, even though the colour of the light might be very similar. Other waves, such as sound or the waves crashing against a seafront, also have their own intensity. However, the energy account of the photoelectric effect didn't seem to agree with the wave description of light.

title: Planck_constant

title: Planck_constant

text: Prior

text: to

text: Einstein

text: 's

text: paper

text: electromagnetic

text: radiation

text: such

text: as

text: visible

text: light

text: was

text: considered

text: to

text: behave

text: as

text: a

text: wave

text: hence

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: terms

text: frequency

text: and

text: wavelength

text: to

text: characterise

text: different

text: types

text: of

text: radiation

text: The

text: energy

text: transferred

text: by

text: a

text: wave

text: in

text: a

text: given

text: time

text: is

text: called

text: its

text: intensity

text: The

text: light

text: from

text: a

text: theatre

text: spotlight

text: is

text: more

text: intense

text: than

text: the

text: light

text: from

text: a

text: domestic

text: lightbulb

text: that

text: is

text: to

text: say

text: that

text: the

text: spotlight

text: gives

text: out

text: more

text: energy

text: per

text: unit

text: time

text: and

text: per

text: unit

text: space(and

text: hence

text: consumes

text: more

text: electricity

text: than

text: the

text: ordinary

text: bulb

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: colour

text: of

text: the

text: light

text: might

text: be

text: very

text: similar

text: Other

text: waves

text: such

text: as

text: sound

text: or

text: the

text: waves

text: crashing

text: against

text: a

text: seafront

text: also

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: intensity

text: However

text: the

text: energy

text: account

text: of

text: the

text: photoelectric

text: effect

text: did

text: n't

text: seem

text: to

text: agree

text: with

text: the

text: wave

text: description

text: of

text: light

question: Before Einstein, electromagnetic radiation was considered to behave as what?

answer: a wave

text: a wave

question: What terms describe different types of radiation?

answer: "frequency" and "wavelength"

text: "frequency" and "wavelength"

question: What other types of wave besides light has its own intensity?

answer: sound

text: sound

question: What is the energy transferred by a wave in a given time called?

answer: intensity

text: intensity

question: Prior to Einstein's work, light behavior was modeled as what?

answer: a wave

text: a wave

question: What is the name for the amount of energy transfered by a wave in a given time?

answer: intensity

text: intensity

question: What portion of the photoelectric effect was in disagreement with the believed description of light behavior?

answer: the energy account

text: the energy account

question: What does it mean for a light source to be more intense than another?

answer: gives out more energy per unit time and per unit space

text: gives out more energy per unit time and per unit space


text: After years of demanding greater political autonomy, residents were given the right to directly elect a Head of Government and the representatives of the unicameral Legislative Assembly by popular vote in 1997. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) has controlled both of them. In recent years, the local government has passed a wave of liberal policies, such as abortion on request, a limited form of euthanasia, no-fault divorce, and same-sex marriage. On January 29, 2016, it ceased to be called the Federal District (Spanish: Distrito Federal or D.F.) and is now in transition to become the country's 32nd federal entity, giving it a level of autonomy comparable to that of a state. Because of a clause in the Mexican Constitution, however, as the seat of the powers of the Union, it can never become a state, lest the capital of the country be relocated elsewhere.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: After

text: years

text: of

text: demanding

text: greater

text: political

text: autonomy

text: residents

text: were

text: given

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: directly

text: elect

text: a

text: Head

text: of

text: Government

text: and

text: the

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: unicameral

text: Legislative

text: Assembly

text: by

text: popular

text: vote

text: in

text: Ever

text: since

text: the

text: left

text: wing

text: Party

text: of

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Revolution

text: PRD

text: has

text: controlled

text: both

text: of

text: them

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: the

text: local

text: government

text: has

text: passed

text: a

text: wave

text: of

text: liberal

text: policies

text: such

text: as

text: abortion

text: on

text: request

text: a

text: limited

text: form

text: of

text: euthanasia

text: no

text: fault

text: divorce

text: and

text: same

text: sex

text: marriage

text: On

text: January

text: it

text: ceased

text: to

text: be

text: called

text: the

text: Federal

text: District

text: Spanish

text: Distrito

text: Federal

text: or

text: D.F.

text: and

text: is

text: now

text: in

text: transition

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: federal

text: entity

text: giving

text: it

text: a

text: level

text: of

text: autonomy

text: comparable

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: a

text: state

text: Because

text: of

text: a

text: clause

text: in

text: the

text: Mexican

text: Constitution

text: however

text: as

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: powers

text: of

text: the

text: Union

text: it

text: can

text: never

text: become

text: a

text: state

text: lest

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: be

text: relocated

text: elsewhere

question: Why can't Mexico City become a state?

answer: Because of a clause in the Mexican Constitution

text: Because of a clause in the Mexican Constitution

question: When did people become able to vote for representation?

answer: 1997

question: What political party controls the Mexico City legislature?

answer: Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD)

text: Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD)

question: What was Mexico City's old affiliation with the nation of Mexico?

answer: Federal District

text: Federal District

question: How are officials elected to the legislature?

answer: popular vote

text: popular vote


text: Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: Owing

text: to

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: praise

text: of

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: ’s

text: coffee

text: during

text: his

text: exile

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: the

text: product

text: enjoyed

text: a

text: brief

text: popularity

text: in

text: Paris

text: in

text: the

text: years

text: after

text: his

text: death

question: Which product of Saint Helena was praised by Napoleon?

answer: coffee

text: coffee

question: Where did Saint Helena's coffee get popular after Napoleon's death?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: What product got popular in Paris after Napoloen's death?

answer: coffee

text: coffee