text: Following the glass batch preparation and mixing, the raw materials are transported to the furnace. Soda-lime glass for mass production is melted in gas fired units. Smaller scale furnaces for specialty glasses include electric melters, pot furnaces, and day tanks. After melting, homogenization and refining (removal of bubbles), the glass is formed. Flat glass for windows and similar applications is formed by the float glass process, developed between 1953 and 1957 by Sir Alastair Pilkington and Kenneth Bickerstaff of the UK's Pilkington Brothers, who created a continuous ribbon of glass using a molten tin bath on which the molten glass flows unhindered under the influence of gravity. The top surface of the glass is subjected to nitrogen under pressure to obtain a polished finish. Container glass for common bottles and jars is formed by blowing and pressing methods. This glass is often slightly modified chemically (with more alumina and calcium oxide) for greater water resistance. Further glass forming techniques are summarized in the table Glass forming techniques.

title: Glass

title: Glass

text: Following

text: the

text: glass

text: batch

text: preparation

text: and

text: mixing

text: the

text: raw

text: materials

text: are

text: transported

text: to

text: the

text: furnace

text: Soda

text: lime

text: glass

text: for

text: mass

text: production

text: is

text: melted

text: in

text: gas

text: fired

text: units

text: Smaller

text: scale

text: furnaces

text: for

text: specialty

text: glasses

text: include

text: electric

text: melters

text: pot

text: furnaces

text: and

text: day

text: tanks

text: After

text: melting

text: homogenization

text: and

text: refining

text: removal

text: of

text: bubbles

text: the

text: glass

text: is

text: formed

text: Flat

text: glass

text: for

text: windows

text: and

text: similar

text: applications

text: is

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: float

text: glass

text: process

text: developed

text: between

text: and

text: by

text: Sir

text: Alastair

text: Pilkington

text: and

text: Kenneth

text: Bickerstaff

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: 's

text: Pilkington

text: Brothers

text: who

text: created

text: a

text: continuous

text: ribbon

text: of

text: glass

text: using

text: a

text: molten

text: tin

text: bath

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: molten

text: glass

text: flows

text: unhindered

text: under

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: gravity

text: The

text: top

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: glass

text: is

text: subjected

text: to

text: nitrogen

text: under

text: pressure

text: to

text: obtain

text: a

text: polished

text: finish

text: Container

text: glass

text: for

text: common

text: bottles

text: and

text: jars

text: is

text: formed

text: by

text: blowing

text: and

text: pressing

text: methods

text: This

text: glass

text: is

text: often

text: slightly

text: modified

text: chemically

text: with

text: more

text: alumina

text: and

text: calcium

text: oxide

text: for

text: greater

text: water

text: resistance

text: Further

text: glass

text: forming

text: techniques

text: are

text: summarized

text: in

text: the

text: table

text: Glass

text: forming

text: techniques

question: What happens during refining?

answer: removal of bubbles

text: removal of bubbles

question: What method is used for making windows?

answer: float glass process

text: float glass process

question: What is used on the surface of window glass to make it smooth?

answer: nitrogen

text: nitrogen

question: What is added to the glass of jars to improve water resistance?

answer: alumina and calcium oxide

text: alumina and calcium oxide

question: Who were the inventors of the float glass process?

answer: Alastair Pilkington and Kenneth Bickerstaff

text: Alastair Pilkington and Kenneth Bickerstaff


text: Other examples of the Gothic (also called neo-Gothic and collegiate Gothic) style are on Old Campus by such architects as Henry Austin, Charles C. Haight and Russell Sturgis. Several are associated with members of the Vanderbilt family, including Vanderbilt Hall, Phelps Hall, St. Anthony Hall (a commission for member Frederick William Vanderbilt), the Mason, Sloane and Osborn laboratories, dormitories for the Sheffield Scientific School (the engineering and sciences school at Yale until 1956) and elements of Silliman College, the largest residential college.

title: Yale_University

title: Yale_University

text: Other

text: examples

text: of

text: the

text: Gothic

text: also

text: called

text: neo

text: Gothic

text: and

text: collegiate

text: Gothic

text: style

text: are

text: on

text: Old

text: Campus

text: by

text: such

text: architects

text: as

text: Henry

text: Austin

text: Charles

text: C.

text: Haight

text: and

text: Russell

text: Sturgis

text: Several

text: are

text: associated

text: with

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Vanderbilt

text: family

text: including

text: Vanderbilt

text: Hall

text: Phelps

text: Hall

text: St.

text: Anthony

text: Hall

text: a

text: commission

text: for

text: member

text: Frederick

text: William

text: Vanderbilt

text: the

text: Mason

text: Sloane

text: and

text: Osborn

text: laboratories

text: dormitories

text: for

text: the

text: Sheffield

text: Scientific

text: School

text: the

text: engineering

text: and

text: sciences

text: school

text: at

text: Yale

text: until

text: and

text: elements

text: of

text: Silliman

text: College

text: the

text: largest

text: residential

text: college

question: What architects have buildings in the Yale Old Campus?

answer: Henry Austin, Charles C. Haight and Russell Sturgis

text: Henry Austin, Charles C. Haight and Russell Sturgis

question: What is the largest residential college?

answer: Silliman College

text: Silliman College

question: Which school was used as the engineering and sciences school until 1956?

answer: Sheffield Scientific School

text: Sheffield Scientific School

question: What are some other terms for the gothic style buildings in the Old Campus at Yale?

answer: neo-Gothic and collegiate Gothic

text: neo-Gothic and collegiate Gothic


text: The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD; although people rarely bought the discs (because each LD was priced around USD100), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously. Due to integration with the Japanese export market, NTSC LaserDiscs were used in the Hong Kong market, in contrast to the PAL standard used for broadcast (This anomaly also exists for DVD). This created a market for multi-system TVs and multi-system VCRs which could display or play both PAL and NTSC materials in addition to SECAM materials (which were never popular in Hong Kong). Some LD players could convert NTSC signals to PAL so that most TVs used in Hong Kong could display the LD materials.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: The

text: format

text: also

text: became

text: quite

text: popular

text: in

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: during

text: the

text: before

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: VCDs

text: and

text: DVD

text: although

text: people

text: rarely

text: bought

text: the

text: discs

text: because

text: each

text: LD

text: was

text: priced

text: around

text: high

text: rental

text: activity

text: helped

text: the

text: video

text: rental

text: business

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: grow

text: larger

text: than

text: it

text: had

text: ever

text: been

text: previously

text: Due

text: to

text: integration

text: with

text: the

text: Japanese

text: export

text: market

text: NTSC

text: LaserDiscs

text: were

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: market

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: the

text: PAL

text: standard

text: used

text: for

text: broadcast

text: This

text: anomaly

text: also

text: exists

text: for

text: DVD

text: This

text: created

text: a

text: market

text: for

text: multi

text: system

text: TVs

text: and

text: multi

text: system

text: VCRs

text: which

text: could

text: display

text: or

text: play

text: both

text: PAL

text: and

text: NTSC

text: materials

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: SECAM

text: materials

text: which

text: were

text: never

text: popular

text: in

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Some

text: LD

text: players

text: could

text: convert

text: NTSC

text: signals

text: to

text: PAL

text: so

text: that

text: most

text: TVs

text: used

text: in

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: could

text: display

text: the

text: LD

text: materials

question: How much did a LD cost in Hong Kong in the 1990s?

answer: USD100

question: Broadcast in Hong Kong used which standard formatting?

answer: PAL standard

text: PAL standard

question: In contrast to broadcast, which format did consumers use in Hong Kong?

answer: NTSC

text: NTSC


text: The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and grouped them into eight further opus numbers (Opp. 66–73), published in 1855. In 1857, 17 Polish songs that Chopin wrote at various stages of his life were collected and published as Op. 74, though their order within the opus did not reflect the order of composition.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: The

text: last

text: opus

text: number

text: that

text: Chopin

text: himself

text: used

text: was

text: allocated

text: to

text: the

text: Cello

text: Sonata

text: in

text: G

text: minor

text: He

text: expressed

text: a

text: deathbed

text: wish

text: that

text: all

text: his

text: unpublished

text: manuscripts

text: be

text: destroyed

text: At

text: the

text: request

text: of

text: the

text: composer

text: 's

text: mother

text: and

text: sisters

text: however

text: his

text: musical

text: executor

text: Julian

text: Fontana

text: selected

text: unpublished

text: piano

text: pieces

text: and

text: grouped

text: them

text: into

text: eight

text: further

text: opus

text: numbers

text: Opp

text: published

text: in

text: In

text: Polish

text: songs

text: that

text: Chopin

text: wrote

text: at

text: various

text: stages

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: were

text: collected

text: and

text: published

text: as

text: Op

text: though

text: their

text: order

text: within

text: the

text: opus

text: did

text: not

text: reflect

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: composition

question: What was the last number Chopin gave to an opus?

answer: 65

question: Who was Chopin's musical executor?

answer: Julian Fontana

text: Julian Fontana

question: How many unfinished pieces did Julian Fontana make into eight more opus numbers?

answer: 23

question: Op. 74 is made up of how many Polish songs?

answer: 17

question: What is the last opus number that Chopin used?

answer: 65

question: Who grouped 23 unpublished pieces and published them as Opp. 66-73 in 1855?

answer: Julian Fontana

text: Julian Fontana

question: When was Op. 74 published?

answer: 1857


text: Time has long been a major subject of study in religion, philosophy, and science, but defining it in a manner applicable to all fields without circularity has consistently eluded scholars. Nevertheless, diverse fields such as business, industry, sports, the sciences, and the performing arts all incorporate some notion of time into their respective measuring systems. Some simple definitions of time include "time is what clocks measure", which is a problematically vague and self-referential definition that utilizes the device used to measure the subject as the definition of the subject, and "time is what keeps everything from happening at once", which is without substantive meaning in the absence of the definition of simultaneity in the context of the limitations of human sensation, observation of events, and the perception of such events.

title: Time

title: Time

text: Time

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: a

text: major

text: subject

text: of

text: study

text: in

text: religion

text: philosophy

text: and

text: science

text: but

text: defining

text: it

text: in

text: a

text: manner

text: applicable

text: to

text: all

text: fields

text: without

text: circularity

text: has

text: consistently

text: eluded

text: scholars

text: Nevertheless

text: diverse

text: fields

text: such

text: as

text: business

text: industry

text: sports

text: the

text: sciences

text: and

text: the

text: performing

text: arts

text: all

text: incorporate

text: some

text: notion

text: of

text: time

text: into

text: their

text: respective

text: measuring

text: systems

text: Some

text: simple

text: definitions

text: of

text: time

text: include

text: time

text: is

text: what

text: clocks

text: measure

text: which

text: is

text: a

text: problematically

text: vague

text: and

text: self

text: referential

text: definition

text: that

text: utilizes

text: the

text: device

text: used

text: to

text: measure

text: the

text: subject

text: as

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: subject

text: and

text: time

text: is

text: what

text: keeps

text: everything

text: from

text: happening

text: at

text: once

text: which

text: is

text: without

text: substantive

text: meaning

text: in

text: the

text: absence

text: of

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: simultaneity

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: the

text: limitations

text: of

text: human

text: sensation

text: observation

text: of

text: events

text: and

text: the

text: perception

text: of

text: such

text: events

question: Time has long been a major point of study in which fields?

answer: religion, philosophy, and science

text: religion, philosophy, and science

question: Fields such as business, industry, sports, science, and performing arts incorporate some notion of what into their measuring systems?

answer: time

text: time

question: What is an example of a simple definition of time?

answer: time is what clocks measure

text: time is what clocks measure


text: The critic Joseph Bédier (1864–1938) launched a particularly withering attack on stemmatics in 1928. He surveyed editions of medieval French texts that were produced with the stemmatic method, and found that textual critics tended overwhelmingly to produce trees divided into just two branches. He concluded that this outcome was unlikely to have occurred by chance, and that therefore, the method was tending to produce bipartite stemmas regardless of the actual history of the witnesses. He suspected that editors tended to favor trees with two branches, as this would maximize the opportunities for editorial judgment (as there would be no third branch to "break the tie" whenever the witnesses disagreed). He also noted that, for many works, more than one reasonable stemma could be postulated, suggesting that the method was not as rigorous or as scientific as its proponents had claimed.

title: Textual_criticism

title: Textual_criticism

text: The

text: critic

text: Joseph

text: Bédier

text: launched

text: a

text: particularly

text: withering

text: attack

text: on

text: stemmatics

text: in

text: He

text: surveyed

text: editions

text: of

text: medieval

text: French

text: texts

text: that

text: were

text: produced

text: with

text: the

text: stemmatic

text: method

text: and

text: found

text: that

text: textual

text: critics

text: tended

text: overwhelmingly

text: to

text: produce

text: trees

text: divided

text: into

text: just

text: two

text: branches

text: He

text: concluded

text: that

text: this

text: outcome

text: was

text: unlikely

text: to

text: have

text: occurred

text: by

text: chance

text: and

text: that

text: therefore

text: the

text: method

text: was

text: tending

text: to

text: produce

text: bipartite

text: stemmas

text: regardless

text: of

text: the

text: actual

text: history

text: of

text: the

text: witnesses

text: He

text: suspected

text: that

text: editors

text: tended

text: to

text: favor

text: trees

text: with

text: two

text: branches

text: as

text: this

text: would

text: maximize

text: the

text: opportunities

text: for

text: editorial

text: judgment

text: as

text: there

text: would

text: be

text: no

text: third

text: branch

text: to

text: break

text: the

text: tie

text: whenever

text: the

text: witnesses

text: disagreed

text: He

text: also

text: noted

text: that

text: for

text: many

text: works

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: reasonable

text: stemma

text: could

text: be

text: postulated

text: suggesting

text: that

text: the

text: method

text: was

text: not

text: as

text: rigorous

text: or

text: as

text: scientific

text: as

text: its

text: proponents

text: had

text: claimed

question: What was Joseph Bédier's main criticism of the stemmatic method?

answer: critics tended overwhelmingly to produce trees divided into just two branches.

text: critics tended overwhelmingly to produce trees divided into just two branches.

question: Why is a methos that only produces two branches seen as inferior?

answer: the method was tending to produce bipartite stemmas regardless of the actual history of the witnesses.

text: the method was tending to produce bipartite stemmas regardless of the actual history of the witnesses.

question: To what did Joseph Bédier attribute the prevalence of the stemmatic method?

answer: editors tended to favor trees with two branches

text: editors tended to favor trees with two branches

question: Why would editors only want two alternative branches when analyzing a text?

answer: this would maximize the opportunities for editorial judgment

text: this would maximize the opportunities for editorial judgment

question: What was the final implication of Joseph Bédier's analysis of the stemmatic method?

answer: the method was not as rigorous or as scientific as its proponents had claimed.

text: the method was not as rigorous or as scientific as its proponents had claimed.


text: Robots.txt is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard, a voluntary protocol the Internet Archive respects that disallows bots from indexing certain pages delineated by its creator as off-limits. As a result, the Internet Archive has rendered unavailable a number of web sites that now are inaccessible through the Wayback Machine. Currently, the Internet Archive applies robots.txt rules retroactively; if a site blocks the Internet Archive, such as Healthcare Advocates, any previously archived pages from the domain are rendered unavailable as well. In cases of blocked sites, only the robots.txt file is archived.

title: Wayback_Machine

title: Wayback_Machine

text: Robots.txt

text: is

text: used

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Robots

text: Exclusion

text: Standard

text: a

text: voluntary

text: protocol

text: the

text: Internet

text: Archive

text: respects

text: that

text: disallows

text: bots

text: from

text: indexing

text: certain

text: pages

text: delineated

text: by

text: its

text: creator

text: as

text: off

text: limits

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: Internet

text: Archive

text: has

text: rendered

text: unavailable

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: web

text: sites

text: that

text: now

text: are

text: inaccessible

text: through

text: the

text: Wayback

text: Machine

text: Currently

text: the

text: Internet

text: Archive

text: applies

text: robots.txt

text: rules

text: retroactively

text: if

text: a

text: site

text: blocks

text: the

text: Internet

text: Archive

text: such

text: as

text: Healthcare

text: Advocates

text: any

text: previously

text: archived

text: pages

text: from

text: the

text: domain

text: are

text: rendered

text: unavailable

text: as

text: well

text: In

text: cases

text: of

text: blocked

text: sites

text: only

text: the

text: robots.txt

text: file

text: is

text: archived

question: What kind of protocol is the Robots Exclusion Standard?

answer: voluntary

text: voluntary

question: What file is utilized to exercise the rights promoted by the Robots Exclusion Standard?

answer: Robots.txt

text: Robots.txt

question: If a site prevents Internet Archive from recording it, what file is still saved?

answer: Robots.txt

text: Robots.txt


text: Swaziland is a developing country with a small economy. Its GDP per capita of $9,714 means it is classified as a country with a lower-middle income. As a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), its main local trading partner is South Africa. Swaziland's currency, the lilangeni, is pegged to the South African rand. Swaziland's major overseas trading partners are the United States and the European Union. The majority of the country's employment is provided by its agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Swaziland is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: Swaziland

text: is

text: a

text: developing

text: country

text: with

text: a

text: small

text: economy

text: Its

text: GDP

text: per

text: capita

text: of

text: means

text: it

text: is

text: classified

text: as

text: a

text: country

text: with

text: a

text: lower

text: middle

text: income

text: As

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: African

text: Customs

text: Union

text: SACU

text: and

text: Common

text: Market

text: for

text: Eastern

text: and

text: Southern

text: Africa

text: COMESA

text: its

text: main

text: local

text: trading

text: partner

text: is

text: South

text: Africa

text: Swaziland

text: 's

text: currency

text: the

text: lilangeni

text: is

text: pegged

text: to

text: the

text: South

text: African

text: rand

text: Swaziland

text: 's

text: major

text: overseas

text: trading

text: partners

text: are

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: employment

text: is

text: provided

text: by

text: its

text: agricultural

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: sectors

text: Swaziland

text: is

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: African

text: Development

text: Community

text: SADC

text: the

text: African

text: Union

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Nations

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

question: What is the per capita GDP of Swaziland?

answer: $9,714

question: What is the SACU?

answer: Southern African Customs Union

text: Southern African Customs Union

question: What is the lilangeni?

answer: Swaziland's currency

text: Swaziland's currency

question: What does the acronym COMESA represent?

answer: Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

text: Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

question: What form of currency is the lilangeni fixed to?

answer: South African rand

text: South African rand


text: In Britain, William Paley's Natural Theology saw adaptation as evidence of beneficial "design" by the Creator acting through natural laws. All naturalists in the two English universities (Oxford and Cambridge) were Church of England clergymen, and science became a search for these laws. Geologists adapted catastrophism to show repeated worldwide annihilation and creation of new fixed species adapted to a changed environment, initially identifying the most recent catastrophe as the biblical flood. Some anatomists such as Robert Grant were influenced by Lamarck and Geoffroy, but most naturalists regarded their ideas of transmutation as a threat to divinely appointed social order.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: In

text: Britain

text: William

text: Paley

text: 's

text: Natural

text: Theology

text: saw

text: adaptation

text: as

text: evidence

text: of

text: beneficial

text: design

text: by

text: the

text: Creator

text: acting

text: through

text: natural

text: laws

text: All

text: naturalists

text: in

text: the

text: two

text: English

text: universities

text: Oxford

text: and

text: Cambridge

text: were

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: clergymen

text: and

text: science

text: became

text: a

text: search

text: for

text: these

text: laws

text: Geologists

text: adapted

text: catastrophism

text: to

text: show

text: repeated

text: worldwide

text: annihilation

text: and

text: creation

text: of

text: new

text: fixed

text: species

text: adapted

text: to

text: a

text: changed

text: environment

text: initially

text: identifying

text: the

text: most

text: recent

text: catastrophe

text: as

text: the

text: biblical

text: flood

text: Some

text: anatomists

text: such

text: as

text: Robert

text: Grant

text: were

text: influenced

text: by

text: Lamarck

text: and

text: Geoffroy

text: but

text: most

text: naturalists

text: regarded

text: their

text: ideas

text: of

text: transmutation

text: as

text: a

text: threat

text: to

text: divinely

text: appointed

text: social

text: order

question: Whose work considered adaptation to be evidence of God's design?

answer: William Paley's

text: William Paley's

question: What was the name of William Paley's book claiming divine beneficial design?

answer: Natural Theology

text: Natural Theology

question: What religion were all naturalists working at the two English universities?

answer: Church of England

text: Church of England

question: How did most naturalists view the concept of transmutation of species?

answer: a threat to divinely appointed social order.

text: a threat to divinely appointed social order.

question: How did geologists explain the creation of new species in keeping with their belief in divine creation?

answer: adapted catastrophism to show repeated worldwide annihilation and creation of new fixed species adapted to a changed environment

text: adapted catastrophism to show repeated worldwide annihilation and creation of new fixed species adapted to a changed environment


text: Other sources include fortified food and dietary supplements, which come in various forms. A 1998 review concluded that zinc oxide, one of the most common supplements in the United States, and zinc carbonate are nearly insoluble and poorly absorbed in the body. This review cited studies which found low plasma zinc concentrations after zinc oxide and zinc carbonate were consumed compared with those seen after consumption of zinc acetate and sulfate salts. However, harmful excessive supplementation is a problem among the relatively affluent, and should probably not exceed 20 mg/day in healthy people, although the U.S. National Research Council set a Tolerable Upper Intake of 40 mg/day.

title: Zinc

title: Zinc

text: Other

text: sources

text: include

text: fortified

text: food

text: and

text: dietary

text: supplements

text: which

text: come

text: in

text: various

text: forms

text: A

text: review

text: concluded

text: that

text: zinc

text: oxide

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: supplements

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: zinc

text: carbonate

text: are

text: nearly

text: insoluble

text: and

text: poorly

text: absorbed

text: in

text: the

text: body

text: This

text: review

text: cited

text: studies

text: which

text: found

text: low

text: plasma

text: zinc

text: concentrations

text: after

text: zinc

text: oxide

text: and

text: zinc

text: carbonate

text: were

text: consumed

text: compared

text: with

text: those

text: seen

text: after

text: consumption

text: of

text: zinc

text: acetate

text: and

text: sulfate

text: salts

text: However

text: harmful

text: excessive

text: supplementation

text: is

text: a

text: problem

text: among

text: the

text: relatively

text: affluent

text: and

text: should

text: probably

text: not

text: exceed

text: mg

text: day

text: in

text: healthy

text: people

text: although

text: the

text: U.S.

text: National

text: Research

text: Council

text: set

text: a

text: Tolerable

text: Upper

text: Intake

text: of

text: mg

text: day

question: What is the most common supplement in the US?

answer: zinc oxide

text: zinc oxide

question: Why is zinc carbonate poorly absorbed in the body?

answer: nearly insoluble

text: nearly insoluble

question: What is the recommended daily dose of zinc supplement in healthy adults?

answer: 20 mg/day

text: 20 mg/day

question: What is the Tolderable Upper intake of zinc?

answer: 40 mg/day

text: 40 mg/day


text: Naturally occurring crude asphalt/bitumen impregnated in sedimentary rock is the prime feed stock for petroleum production from "Oil sands", currently under development in Alberta, Canada. Canada has most of the world's supply of natural asphalt/bitumen, covering 140,000 square kilometres (an area larger than England), giving it the second-largest proven oil reserves in the world. The Athabasca oil sands is the largest asphalt/bitumen deposit in Canada and the only one accessible to surface mining, although recent technological breakthroughs have resulted in deeper deposits becoming producible by in situ methods. Because of oil price increases after 2003, producing bitumen became highly profitable, but as a result of the decline after 2014 it became uneconomic to build new plants again. By 2014, Canadian crude asphalt/bitumen production averaged about 2.3 million barrels (370,000 m3) per day and was projected to rise to 4.4 million barrels (700,000 m3) per day by 2020. The total amount of crude asphalt/bitumen in Alberta which could be extracted is estimated to be about 310 billion barrels (50×10^9 m3), which at a rate of 4,400,000 barrels per day (700,000 m3/d) would last about 200 years.

title: Asphalt

title: Asphalt

text: Naturally

text: occurring

text: crude

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: impregnated

text: in

text: sedimentary

text: rock

text: is

text: the

text: prime

text: feed

text: stock

text: for

text: petroleum

text: production

text: from

text: Oil

text: sands

text: currently

text: under

text: development

text: in

text: Alberta

text: Canada

text: Canada

text: has

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: supply

text: of

text: natural

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: covering

text: square

text: kilometres

text: an

text: area

text: larger

text: than

text: England

text: giving

text: it

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: proven

text: oil

text: reserves

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: Athabasca

text: oil

text: sands

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: deposit

text: in

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: one

text: accessible

text: to

text: surface

text: mining

text: although

text: recent

text: technological

text: breakthroughs

text: have

text: resulted

text: in

text: deeper

text: deposits

text: becoming

text: producible

text: by

text: in

text: situ

text: methods

text: Because

text: of

text: oil

text: price

text: increases

text: after

text: producing

text: bitumen

text: became

text: highly

text: profitable

text: but

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: decline

text: after

text: it

text: became

text: uneconomic

text: to

text: build

text: new

text: plants

text: again

text: By

text: Canadian

text: crude

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: production

text: averaged

text: about

text: million

text: barrels

text: per

text: day

text: and

text: was

text: projected

text: to

text: rise

text: to

text: million

text: barrels

text: per

text: day

text: by

text: The

text: total

text: amount

text: of

text: crude

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: in

text: Alberta

text: which

text: could

text: be

text: extracted

text: is

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: about

text: billion

text: barrels

text: which

text: at

text: a

text: rate

text: of

text: barrels

text: per

text: day

text: would

text: last

text: about

text: years

question: Where is naturally occurring bitumen in rock being developed as a feed stock for petroleum production?

answer: Alberta, Canada

text: Alberta, Canada

question: How much area does Canada's natural bitumen cover?

answer: 140,000 square kilometres

text: 140,000 square kilometres

question: Where does Canada rank in world's oil supplies?

answer: second-largest

text: second-largest

question: What is Canada's only surface bitumen mine?

answer: Athabasca oil sands

text: Athabasca oil sands

question: What is the amount of bitumen that can be extracted in Alberta?

answer: 310 billion barrels

text: 310 billion barrels


text: Other major sporting events include Thoroughbred and Quarter horse racing circuits at Remington Park and numerous horse shows and equine events that take place at the state fairgrounds each year. There are numerous golf courses and country clubs spread around the city.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: Other

text: major

text: sporting

text: events

text: include

text: Thoroughbred

text: and

text: Quarter

text: horse

text: racing

text: circuits

text: at

text: Remington

text: Park

text: and

text: numerous

text: horse

text: shows

text: and

text: equine

text: events

text: that

text: take

text: place

text: at

text: the

text: state

text: fairgrounds

text: each

text: year

text: There

text: are

text: numerous

text: golf

text: courses

text: and

text: country

text: clubs

text: spread

text: around

text: the

text: city

question: What park hosts Quarter horse racing?

answer: Remington Park

text: Remington Park

question: Where are equine events hosted?

answer: state fairgrounds

text: state fairgrounds


text: The Jesuit China missions of the 16th and 17th centuries "learned to appreciate the scientific achievements of this ancient culture and made them known in Europe. Through their correspondence European scientists first learned about the Chinese science and culture." Western academic thought on the history of Chinese technology and science was galvanized by the work of Joseph Needham and the Needham Research Institute. Among the technological accomplishments of China were, according to the British scholar Needham, early seismological detectors (Zhang Heng in the 2nd century), the water-powered celestial globe (Zhang Heng), matches, the independent invention of the decimal system, dry docks, sliding calipers, the double-action piston pump, cast iron, the blast furnace, the iron plough, the multi-tube seed drill, the wheelbarrow, the suspension bridge, the winnowing machine, the rotary fan, the parachute, natural gas as fuel, the raised-relief map, the propeller, the crossbow, and a solid fuel rocket, the multistage rocket, the horse collar, along with contributions in logic, astronomy, medicine, and other fields.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: The

text: Jesuit

text: China

text: missions

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: learned

text: to

text: appreciate

text: the

text: scientific

text: achievements

text: of

text: this

text: ancient

text: culture

text: and

text: made

text: them

text: known

text: in

text: Europe

text: Through

text: their

text: correspondence

text: European

text: scientists

text: first

text: learned

text: about

text: the

text: Chinese

text: science

text: and

text: culture

text: Western

text: academic

text: thought

text: on

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Chinese

text: technology

text: and

text: science

text: was

text: galvanized

text: by

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Joseph

text: Needham

text: and

text: the

text: Needham

text: Research

text: Institute

text: Among

text: the

text: technological

text: accomplishments

text: of

text: China

text: were

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: scholar

text: Needham

text: early

text: seismological

text: detectors

text: Zhang

text: Heng

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: water

text: powered

text: celestial

text: globe

text: Zhang

text: Heng

text: matches

text: the

text: independent

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: decimal

text: system

text: dry

text: docks

text: sliding

text: calipers

text: the

text: double

text: action

text: piston

text: pump

text: cast

text: iron

text: the

text: blast

text: furnace

text: the

text: iron

text: plough

text: the

text: multi

text: tube

text: seed

text: drill

text: the

text: wheelbarrow

text: the

text: suspension

text: bridge

text: the

text: winnowing

text: machine

text: the

text: rotary

text: fan

text: the

text: parachute

text: natural

text: gas

text: as

text: fuel

text: the

text: raised

text: relief

text: map

text: the

text: propeller

text: the

text: crossbow

text: and

text: a

text: solid

text: fuel

text: rocket

text: the

text: multistage

text: rocket

text: the

text: horse

text: collar

text: along

text: with

text: contributions

text: in

text: logic

text: astronomy

text: medicine

text: and

text: other

text: fields

question: Who was the Needham Research Institute named after?

answer: Joseph Needham

text: Joseph Needham

question: What type of bridge originated in China?

answer: suspension

text: suspension

question: What type of map originated in China?

answer: raised-relief

text: raised-relief

question: What type of fan originated in China?

answer: rotary

text: rotary

question: What type of globe did Zhang Heng invent?

answer: water-powered celestial

text: water-powered celestial


text: Other Presbyterian bodies in the United States include the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America (RPCNA), the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP), the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States (RPCUS), the Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly, the Reformed Presbyterian Church – Hanover Presbytery, the Covenant Presbyterian Church, the Presbyterian Reformed Church, the Westminster Presbyterian Church in the United States, the Korean American Presbyterian Church, and the Free Presbyterian Church of North America.

title: Presbyterianism

title: Presbyterianism

text: Other

text: Presbyterian

text: bodies

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: include

text: the

text: Reformed

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: RPCNA

text: the

text: Associate

text: Reformed

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: ARP

text: the

text: Reformed

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: RPCUS

text: the

text: Reformed

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: General

text: Assembly

text: the

text: Reformed

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: Hanover

text: Presbytery

text: the

text: Covenant

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: the

text: Presbyterian

text: Reformed

text: Church

text: the

text: Westminster

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: Korean

text: American

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: and

text: the

text: Free

text: Presbyterian

text: Church

text: of

text: North

text: America

question: What is the name of the first three listed reformed Presbyterian Church's in the United States?

answer: Presbyterian Church of North America (RPCNA), the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP), the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States (RPCUS)

text: Presbyterian Church of North America (RPCNA), the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP), the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States (RPCUS)

question: What is the name of the Asian Presbyterian Church in the United States?

answer: Korean American Presbyterian Church

text: Korean American Presbyterian Church

question: What is the full name of this American Presbyterian church under this abbreviation (ARP)?

answer: Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church

text: Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church


text: Estonia has pursued the development of the e-state and e-government. Internet voting is used in elections in Estonia. The first internet voting took place in the 2005 local elections and the first in a parliamentary election was made available for the 2007 elections, in which 30,275 individuals voted over the internet. Voters have a chance to invalidate their electronic vote in traditional elections, if they wish to. In 2009 in its eighth Worldwide Press Freedom Index, Reporters Without Borders ranked Estonia sixth out of 175 countries. In the first ever State of World Liberty Index report, Estonia was ranked first out of 159 countries.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: Estonia

text: has

text: pursued

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: e

text: state

text: and

text: e

text: government

text: Internet

text: voting

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: elections

text: in

text: Estonia

text: The

text: first

text: internet

text: voting

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: local

text: elections

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: in

text: a

text: parliamentary

text: election

text: was

text: made

text: available

text: for

text: the

text: elections

text: in

text: which

text: individuals

text: voted

text: over

text: the

text: internet

text: Voters

text: have

text: a

text: chance

text: to

text: invalidate

text: their

text: electronic

text: vote

text: in

text: traditional

text: elections

text: if

text: they

text: wish

text: to

text: In

text: in

text: its

text: eighth

text: Worldwide

text: Press

text: Freedom

text: Index

text: Reporters

text: Without

text: Borders

text: ranked

text: Estonia

text: sixth

text: out

text: of

text: countries

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: ever

text: State

text: of

text: World

text: Liberty

text: Index

text: report

text: Estonia

text: was

text: ranked

text: first

text: out

text: of

text: countries

question: What digital technology as Estonia been advacning?

answer: Internet voting

text: Internet voting

question: What year did the first internet vote occur in local Estonia elections?

answer: 2005

question: What year did the first internet vote occur in Estonia parliamentary elections?

answer: 2007

question: In 2007, how many Estonians used internet voting?

answer: 30,275


text: Charles VII of France ordered his chamberlain to climb Mont Aiguille in 1356. The knight reached the summit of Rocciamelone where he left a bronze triptych of three crosses, a feat which he conducted with the use of ladders to traverse the ice. In 1492 Antoine de Ville climbed Mont Aiguille, without reaching the summit, an experience he described as "horrifying and terrifying." Leonardo da Vinci was fascinated by variations of light in the higher altitudes, and climbed a mountain—scholars are uncertain which one; some believe it may have been Monte Rosa. From his description of a "blue like that of a gentian" sky it is thought that he reached a significantly high altitude. In the 18th century four Chamonix man almost made the summit of Mont Blanc but were overcome by altitude sickness and snowblindness.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: Charles

text: VII

text: of

text: France

text: ordered

text: his

text: chamberlain

text: to

text: climb

text: Mont

text: Aiguille

text: in

text: The

text: knight

text: reached

text: the

text: summit

text: of

text: Rocciamelone

text: where

text: he

text: left

text: a

text: bronze

text: triptych

text: of

text: three

text: crosses

text: a

text: feat

text: which

text: he

text: conducted

text: with

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: ladders

text: to

text: traverse

text: the

text: ice

text: In

text: Antoine

text: de

text: Ville

text: climbed

text: Mont

text: Aiguille

text: without

text: reaching

text: the

text: summit

text: an

text: experience

text: he

text: described

text: as

text: horrifying

text: and

text: terrifying

text: Leonardo

text: da

text: Vinci

text: was

text: fascinated

text: by

text: variations

text: of

text: light

text: in

text: the

text: higher

text: altitudes

text: and

text: climbed

text: a

text: mountain

text: scholars

text: are

text: uncertain

text: which

text: one

text: some

text: believe

text: it

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: Monte

text: Rosa

text: From

text: his

text: description

text: of

text: a

text: blue

text: like

text: that

text: of

text: a

text: gentian

text: sky

text: it

text: is

text: thought

text: that

text: he

text: reached

text: a

text: significantly

text: high

text: altitude

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: four

text: Chamonix

text: man

text: almost

text: made

text: the

text: summit

text: of

text: Mont

text: Blanc

text: but

text: were

text: overcome

text: by

text: altitude

text: sickness

text: and

text: snowblindness

question: Where was Charles VII from?

answer: France

text: France

question: What was Charles VII chamberlain ordered to do?

answer: climb Mont Aiguille

text: climb Mont Aiguille

question: What did the knight leave at the summit of Rocciamelone?

answer: a bronze triptych of three crosses

text: a bronze triptych of three crosses

question: When did Antioine de Ville climb Mont Aiguille?

answer: 1492

question: When did four Chamonix men almost reach the summit of Mont Blanc?

answer: 18th century

text: 18th century


text: LaserDiscs potentially had a much longer lifespan than videocassettes. Because the discs were read optically instead of magnetically, no physical contact needs to be made between the player and the disc, except for the player's clamp that holds the disc at its center as it is spun and read. As a result, playback would not wear the information-bearing part of the discs, and properly manufactured LDs would theoretically last beyond one's lifetime. By contrast, a VHS tape held all of its picture and sound information on the tape in a magnetic coating which is in contact with the spinning heads on the head drum, causing progressive wear with each use (though later in VHS's lifespan, engineering improvements allowed tapes to be made and played back without contact). Also, the tape was thin and delicate, and it was easy for a player mechanism, especially on a low quality or malfunctioning model, to mishandle the tape and damage it by creasing it, frilling (stretching) its edges, or even breaking it.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: LaserDiscs

text: potentially

text: had

text: a

text: much

text: longer

text: lifespan

text: than

text: videocassettes

text: Because

text: the

text: discs

text: were

text: read

text: optically

text: instead

text: of

text: magnetically

text: no

text: physical

text: contact

text: needs

text: to

text: be

text: made

text: between

text: the

text: player

text: and

text: the

text: disc

text: except

text: for

text: the

text: player

text: 's

text: clamp

text: that

text: holds

text: the

text: disc

text: at

text: its

text: center

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: spun

text: and

text: read

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: playback

text: would

text: not

text: wear

text: the

text: information

text: bearing

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: discs

text: and

text: properly

text: manufactured

text: LDs

text: would

text: theoretically

text: last

text: beyond

text: one

text: 's

text: lifetime

text: By

text: contrast

text: a

text: VHS

text: tape

text: held

text: all

text: of

text: its

text: picture

text: and

text: sound

text: information

text: on

text: the

text: tape

text: in

text: a

text: magnetic

text: coating

text: which

text: is

text: in

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: spinning

text: heads

text: on

text: the

text: head

text: drum

text: causing

text: progressive

text: wear

text: with

text: each

text: use

text: though

text: later

text: in

text: VHS

text: 's

text: lifespan

text: engineering

text: improvements

text: allowed

text: tapes

text: to

text: be

text: made

text: and

text: played

text: back

text: without

text: contact

text: Also

text: the

text: tape

text: was

text: thin

text: and

text: delicate

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: easy

text: for

text: a

text: player

text: mechanism

text: especially

text: on

text: a

text: low

text: quality

text: or

text: malfunctioning

text: model

text: to

text: mishandle

text: the

text: tape

text: and

text: damage

text: it

text: by

text: creasing

text: it

text: frilling

text: stretching

text: its

text: edges

text: or

text: even

text: breaking

text: it

question: Were Laserdiscs or VHS more durable in the long run?

answer: LaserDiscs

text: LaserDiscs

question: Why is physical contact with a VHS tape less desirable than an optical reading?

answer: progressive wear with each use

text: progressive wear with each use

question: Where do VHS tapes store their information?

answer: magnetic coating

text: magnetic coating


text: Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church, which were made between 634 and 730, also escaped destruction. Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: Very

text: few

text: early

text: Byzantine

text: mosaics

text: survived

text: the

text: Iconoclastic

text: destruction

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Among

text: the

text: rare

text: examples

text: are

text: the

text: century

text: Christ

text: in

text: majesty

text: or

text: Ezekiel

text: 's

text: Vision

text: mosaic

text: in

text: the

text: apse

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: Hosios

text: David

text: in

text: Thessaloniki

text: that

text: was

text: hidden

text: behind

text: mortar

text: during

text: those

text: dangerous

text: times

text: Nine

text: mosaic

text: panels

text: in

text: the

text: Hagios

text: Demetrios

text: Church

text: which

text: were

text: made

text: between

text: and

text: also

text: escaped

text: destruction

text: Unusually

text: almost

text: all

text: represent

text: Saint

text: Demetrius

text: of

text: Thessaloniki

text: often

text: with

text: suppliants

text: before

text: him

question: How many Byzantine mosaics survived past the 8th century?

answer: Very few

text: Very few

question: The mosaic in the church in Thessaloniki is know as what?

answer: Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision)

text: Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision)

question: When were the panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church created?

answer: between 634 and 730

text: between 634 and 730

question: Why was Christ in majesty protected from the iconoclastic destruction?

answer: hidden behind mortar

text: hidden behind mortar

question: What is common about the surviving mosaics from the 7th-9th centuries?

answer: almost all represent Saint Demetrius

text: almost all represent Saint Demetrius


text: A true predator can commonly be known as one that kills and eats another living thing. Whereas other types of predator all harm their prey in some way, this form kills them. Predators may hunt actively for prey in pursuit predation, or sit and wait for prey to approach within striking distance, as in ambush predators. Some predators kill large prey and dismember or chew it prior to eating it, such as a jaguar or a human; others may eat their (usually much smaller) prey whole, as does a bottlenose dolphin swallowing a fish, or a snake, duck or stork swallowing a frog. Some animals that kill both large and small prey for their size (domestic cats and dogs are prime examples) may do either depending upon the circumstances; either would devour a large insect whole but dismember a rabbit. Some predation entails venom that subdues a prey creature before the predator ingests the prey by killing, which the box jellyfish does, or disabling it, found in the behavior of the cone shell. In some cases, the venom, as in rattlesnakes and some spiders, contributes to the digestion of the prey item even before the predator begins eating. In other cases, the prey organism may die in the mouth or digestive system of the predator. Baleen whales, for example, eat millions of microscopic plankton at once, the prey being broken down well after entering the whale. Seed predation and egg predation are other forms of true predation, as seeds and eggs represent potential organisms. Predators of this classification need not eat prey entirely. For example, some predators cannot digest bones, while others can. Some may eat only part of an organism, as in grazing (see below), but still consistently cause its direct death.

title: Predation

title: Predation

text: A

text: true

text: predator

text: can

text: commonly

text: be

text: known

text: as

text: one

text: that

text: kills

text: and

text: eats

text: another

text: living

text: thing

text: Whereas

text: other

text: types

text: of

text: predator

text: all

text: harm

text: their

text: prey

text: in

text: some

text: way

text: this

text: form

text: kills

text: them

text: Predators

text: may

text: hunt

text: actively

text: for

text: prey

text: in

text: pursuit

text: predation

text: or

text: sit

text: and

text: wait

text: for

text: prey

text: to

text: approach

text: within

text: striking

text: distance

text: as

text: in

text: ambush

text: predators

text: Some

text: predators

text: kill

text: large

text: prey

text: and

text: dismember

text: or

text: chew

text: it

text: prior

text: to

text: eating

text: it

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: jaguar

text: or

text: a

text: human

text: others

text: may

text: eat

text: their

text: usually

text: much

text: smaller

text: prey

text: whole

text: as

text: does

text: a

text: bottlenose

text: dolphin

text: swallowing

text: a

text: fish

text: or

text: a

text: snake

text: duck

text: or

text: stork

text: swallowing

text: a

text: frog

text: Some

text: animals

text: that

text: kill

text: both

text: large

text: and

text: small

text: prey

text: for

text: their

text: size

text: domestic

text: cats

text: and

text: dogs

text: are

text: prime

text: examples

text: may

text: do

text: either

text: depending

text: upon

text: the

text: circumstances

text: either

text: would

text: devour

text: a

text: large

text: insect

text: whole

text: but

text: dismember

text: a

text: rabbit

text: Some

text: predation

text: entails

text: venom

text: that

text: subdues

text: a

text: prey

text: creature

text: before

text: the

text: predator

text: ingests

text: the

text: prey

text: by

text: killing

text: which

text: the

text: box

text: jellyfish

text: does

text: or

text: disabling

text: it

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: behavior

text: of

text: the

text: cone

text: shell

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: the

text: venom

text: as

text: in

text: rattlesnakes

text: and

text: some

text: spiders

text: contributes

text: to

text: the

text: digestion

text: of

text: the

text: prey

text: item

text: even

text: before

text: the

text: predator

text: begins

text: eating

text: In

text: other

text: cases

text: the

text: prey

text: organism

text: may

text: die

text: in

text: the

text: mouth

text: or

text: digestive

text: system

text: of

text: the

text: predator

text: Baleen

text: whales

text: for

text: example

text: eat

text: millions

text: of

text: microscopic

text: plankton

text: at

text: once

text: the

text: prey

text: being

text: broken

text: down

text: well

text: after

text: entering

text: the

text: whale

text: Seed

text: predation

text: and

text: egg

text: predation

text: are

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: true

text: predation

text: as

text: seeds

text: and

text: eggs

text: represent

text: potential

text: organisms

text: Predators

text: of

text: this

text: classification

text: need

text: not

text: eat

text: prey

text: entirely

text: For

text: example

text: some

text: predators

text: can

text: not

text: digest

text: bones

text: while

text: others

text: can

text: Some

text: may

text: eat

text: only

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: organism

text: as

text: in

text: grazing

text: see

text: below

text: but

text: still

text: consistently

text: cause

text: its

text: direct

text: death

question: What do household animals prey upon?

answer: large and small prey

text: large and small prey

question: Name an exemplar of an predator that uses digestion to kill and gain nutrients from it's prey.

answer: Baleen whales

text: Baleen whales

question: To be classified as a predator, what action must be performed?

answer: harm their prey in some way

text: harm their prey in some way

question: What requirement must a true predator fulfill?

answer: kills and eats another living thing

text: kills and eats another living thing

question: What is different about a true predator?

answer: Whereas other types of predator all harm their prey in some way, this form kills them

text: Whereas other types of predator all harm their prey in some way, this form kills them

question: All types of predators do what?

answer: harm their prey in some way

text: harm their prey in some way

question: How do ambush predators hunt?

answer: sit and wait for prey to approach within striking distance

text: sit and wait for prey to approach within striking distance

question: What do box jellyfish use to hunt their pray?

answer: venom

text: venom


text: The British 16th Air Assault Brigade (later reinforced by Royal Marines) formed the core of the force in southern Afghanistan, along with troops and helicopters from Australia, Canada and the Netherlands. The initial force consisted of roughly 3,300 British, 2,000 Canadian, 1,400 from the Netherlands and 240 from Australia, along with special forces from Denmark and Estonia and small contingents from other nations. The monthly supply of cargo containers through Pakistani route to ISAF in Afghanistan is over 4,000 costing around 12 billion in Pakistani Rupees.

title: War_on_Terror

title: War_on_Terror

text: The

text: British

text: Air

text: Assault

text: Brigade

text: later

text: reinforced

text: by

text: Royal

text: Marines

text: formed

text: the

text: core

text: of

text: the

text: force

text: in

text: southern

text: Afghanistan

text: along

text: with

text: troops

text: and

text: helicopters

text: from

text: Australia

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: The

text: initial

text: force

text: consisted

text: of

text: roughly

text: British

text: Canadian

text: from

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: and

text: from

text: Australia

text: along

text: with

text: special

text: forces

text: from

text: Denmark

text: and

text: Estonia

text: and

text: small

text: contingents

text: from

text: other

text: nations

text: The

text: monthly

text: supply

text: of

text: cargo

text: containers

text: through

text: Pakistani

text: route

text: to

text: ISAF

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: is

text: over

text: costing

text: around

text: billion

text: in

text: Pakistani

text: Rupees

question: What was the primary fighting force in southern Afghanistan?

answer: The British 16th Air Assault Brigade

text: The British 16th Air Assault Brigade

question: Which nations besides the UK contributed significantly to the southern Afghanistan fight?

answer: Australia, Canada and the Netherlands

text: Australia, Canada and the Netherlands

question: How many troops did Canada send initially?

answer: 2,000

question: How many troops did Australia send initially?

answer: 240

question: How many troops did the Netherlands send initially?

answer: 1,400


text: Southampton Airport is a regional airport located in the town of Eastleigh, just north of the city. It offers flights to UK and near European destinations, and is connected to the city by a frequent rail service from Southampton Airport (Parkway) railway station, and by bus services.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Southampton

text: Airport

text: is

text: a

text: regional

text: airport

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Eastleigh

text: just

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: It

text: offers

text: flights

text: to

text: UK

text: and

text: near

text: European

text: destinations

text: and

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: by

text: a

text: frequent

text: rail

text: service

text: from

text: Southampton

text: Airport

text: Parkway

text: railway

text: station

text: and

text: by

text: bus

text: services

question: In what town is Southampton Airport located?

answer: Eastleigh

text: Eastleigh

question: What direction would one travel from Southampton to get to the airport in Eastleigh?

answer: north

text: north

question: If passengers don't want to take a train to the airport, what other transport is available?

answer: bus

text: bus

question: To take a train to Southampton Airport, what railway station would you need to go through?

answer: Southampton Airport (Parkway)

text: Southampton Airport (Parkway)


text: In 2004 the old Drake Circus shopping centre and Charles Cross car park were demolished and replaced by the latest Drake Circus Shopping Centre, which opened in October 2006. It received negative feedback before opening when David Mackay said it was already "ten years out of date". In contrast, the Theatre Royal's production and education centre, TR2, which was built on wasteland at Cattedown, was a runner-up for the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2003.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: In

text: the

text: old

text: Drake

text: Circus

text: shopping

text: centre

text: and

text: Charles

text: Cross

text: car

text: park

text: were

text: demolished

text: and

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: latest

text: Drake

text: Circus

text: Shopping

text: Centre

text: which

text: opened

text: in

text: October

text: It

text: received

text: negative

text: feedback

text: before

text: opening

text: when

text: David

text: Mackay

text: said

text: it

text: was

text: already

text: ten

text: years

text: out

text: of

text: date

text: In

text: contrast

text: the

text: Theatre

text: Royal

text: 's

text: production

text: and

text: education

text: centre

text: which

text: was

text: built

text: on

text: wasteland

text: at

text: Cattedown

text: was

text: a

text: runner

text: up

text: for

text: the

text: RIBA

text: Stirling

text: Prize

text: for

text: Architecture

text: in

question: When was the Charles Cross car park removed?

answer: 2004

question: In what month and year was the grand opening of Drake Circus Shopping Centre?

answer: October 2006

text: October 2006

question: Where was TR2 built?

answer: Cattedown

text: Cattedown

question: What prize did TR2 almost win?

answer: the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2003

text: the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2003

question: Who spoke disparagingly about the Drake Circus Shopping Centre?

answer: David Mackay

text: David Mackay


text: In 1967, both nations faced serious challenges that brought their programs to temporary halts. Both had been rushing at full-speed toward the first piloted flights of Apollo and Soyuz, without paying due diligence to growing design and manufacturing problems. The results proved fatal to both pioneering crews.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: In

text: both

text: nations

text: faced

text: serious

text: challenges

text: that

text: brought

text: their

text: programs

text: to

text: temporary

text: halts

text: Both

text: had

text: been

text: rushing

text: at

text: full

text: speed

text: toward

text: the

text: first

text: piloted

text: flights

text: of

text: Apollo

text: and

text: Soyuz

text: without

text: paying

text: due

text: diligence

text: to

text: growing

text: design

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: problems

text: The

text: results

text: proved

text: fatal

text: to

text: both

text: pioneering

text: crews

question: Both crews were killed on which spacecraft missions in 1967?

answer: Apollo and Soyuz

text: Apollo and Soyuz


text: In the general election, against the advice of his advisors, Eisenhower insisted on campaigning in the South, refusing to surrender the region to the Democratic Party. The campaign strategy, dubbed "K1C2", was to focus on attacking the Truman and Roosevelt administrations on three issues: Korea, Communism and corruption. In an effort to accommodate the right, he stressed that the liberation of Eastern Europe should be by peaceful means only; he also distanced himself from his former boss President Truman.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: In

text: the

text: general

text: election

text: against

text: the

text: advice

text: of

text: his

text: advisors

text: Eisenhower

text: insisted

text: on

text: campaigning

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: refusing

text: to

text: surrender

text: the

text: region

text: to

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: The

text: campaign

text: strategy

text: dubbed

text: was

text: to

text: focus

text: on

text: attacking

text: the

text: Truman

text: and

text: Roosevelt

text: administrations

text: on

text: three

text: issues

text: Korea

text: Communism

text: and

text: corruption

text: In

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: accommodate

text: the

text: right

text: he

text: stressed

text: that

text: the

text: liberation

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: should

text: be

text: by

text: peaceful

text: means

text: only

text: he

text: also

text: distanced

text: himself

text: from

text: his

text: former

text: boss

text: President

text: Truman

question: In what part of the country, previously neglected by Republican presidential candidates, did Eisenhower campaign?

answer: South

text: South

question: Along with Korea and Communism, what issue did Eisenhower attack Truman on?

answer: corruption

text: corruption

question: What was the strategy called that was used by Eisenhower's campaign?

answer: K1C2

question: How did Eisenhower claim Eastern Europe should be liberated?

answer: peaceful means

text: peaceful means


text: The New York Public Library, which has the largest collection of any public library system in the United States, serves Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Queens is served by the Queens Borough Public Library, the nation's second largest public library system, while the Brooklyn Public Library serves Brooklyn.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: Public

text: Library

text: which

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: collection

text: of

text: any

text: public

text: library

text: system

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: serves

text: Manhattan

text: the

text: Bronx

text: and

text: Staten

text: Island

text: Queens

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: the

text: Queens

text: Borough

text: Public

text: Library

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: public

text: library

text: system

text: while

text: the

text: Brooklyn

text: Public

text: Library

text: serves

text: Brooklyn

question: What is the largest library in the United States?

answer: The New York Public Library

text: The New York Public Library

question: What is the second largest library in the US?

answer: Queens Borough Public Library

text: Queens Borough Public Library

question: What is the name of the library system in Queens?

answer: Queens Borough Public Library

text: Queens Borough Public Library

question: What is Brooklyn's public library system called?

answer: Brooklyn Public Library

text: Brooklyn Public Library

question: Along with Staten Island and the Bronx, what borough is served by the New York Public Library?

answer: Manhattan

text: Manhattan


text: Buses now provide the majority of local public transport. The main bus operators are First Southampton and Bluestar. Other operators include Brijan Tours, Stagecoach and Xelabus. The other large service provider is the Uni-link bus service (running from early in the morning to midnight), which was commissioned by the University of Southampton to provide transport from the university to the town. Previously run by Enterprise, it is now run by Bluestar. Free buses are provided by City-link'. The City-link runs from the Red Funnel ferry terminal at Town Quay to Central station via WestQuay and is operated by Bluestar. There is also a door-to-door minibus service called Southampton Dial a Ride, for residents who cannot access public transport. This is funded by the council and operated by SCA Support Services.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Buses

text: now

text: provide

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: local

text: public

text: transport

text: The

text: main

text: bus

text: operators

text: are

text: First

text: Southampton

text: and

text: Bluestar

text: Other

text: operators

text: include

text: Brijan

text: Tours

text: Stagecoach

text: and

text: Xelabus

text: The

text: other

text: large

text: service

text: provider

text: is

text: the

text: Uni

text: link

text: bus

text: service

text: running

text: from

text: early

text: in

text: the

text: morning

text: to

text: midnight

text: which

text: was

text: commissioned

text: by

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Southampton

text: to

text: provide

text: transport

text: from

text: the

text: university

text: to

text: the

text: town

text: Previously

text: run

text: by

text: Enterprise

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: run

text: by

text: Bluestar

text: Free

text: buses

text: are

text: provided

text: by

text: City

text: link

text: The

text: City

text: link

text: runs

text: from

text: the

text: Red

text: Funnel

text: ferry

text: terminal

text: at

text: Town

text: Quay

text: to

text: Central

text: station

text: via

text: WestQuay

text: and

text: is

text: operated

text: by

text: Bluestar

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: door

text: to

text: door

text: minibus

text: service

text: called

text: Southampton

text: Dial

text: a

text: Ride

text: for

text: residents

text: who

text: can

text: not

text: access

text: public

text: transport

text: This

text: is

text: funded

text: by

text: the

text: council

text: and

text: operated

text: by

text: SCA

text: Support

text: Services

question: What form of public transport do most people in Southampton use now?

answer: Buses

text: Buses

question: Along with First Southampton, what is the other main bus operator in Southampton?

answer: Bluestar

text: Bluestar

question: What bus service did the University of Southampton commission to carry people between the city and the university?

answer: Uni-link

text: Uni-link

question: What time does Uni-link stop service to the university each night?

answer: midnight

text: midnight

question: What operator ran Uni-link before Bluestar?

answer: Enterprise

text: Enterprise


text: On April 4, it was reported that the Chinese government appeared to be running an anti-CNN website that criticizes the cable network’s coverage of recent events. The site claims to have been created by a Beijing citizen. However, foreign correspondents in Beijing voiced suspicions that Anti-cnn may be a semi-government-made website. A Chinese government spokesman insisted the site was spontaneously set up by a Chinese citizen angered over media coverage.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: On

text: April

text: it

text: was

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: Chinese

text: government

text: appeared

text: to

text: be

text: running

text: an

text: anti

text: CNN

text: website

text: that

text: criticizes

text: the

text: cable

text: network

text: ’s

text: coverage

text: of

text: recent

text: events

text: The

text: site

text: claims

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: created

text: by

text: a

text: Beijing

text: citizen

text: However

text: foreign

text: correspondents

text: in

text: Beijing

text: voiced

text: suspicions

text: that

text: Anti

text: cnn

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: semi

text: government

text: made

text: website

text: A

text: Chinese

text: government

text: spokesman

text: insisted

text: the

text: site

text: was

text: spontaneously

text: set

text: up

text: by

text: a

text: Chinese

text: citizen

text: angered

text: over

text: media

text: coverage

question: What was the Chinese government reported running on April 4?

answer: an anti-CNN website

text: an anti-CNN website

question: Who supposedly created the site?

answer: a Beijing citizen.

text: a Beijing citizen.

question: Who takes credit for creating the site?

answer: a Beijing citizen.

text: a Beijing citizen.

question: Who felt that the government was involved in the website?

answer: foreign correspondents

text: foreign correspondents


text: In January 2002, the United States Special Operations Command, Pacific deployed to the Philippines to advise and assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines in combating Filipino Islamist groups. The operations were mainly focused on removing the Abu Sayyaf group and Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) from their stronghold on the island of Basilan. The second portion of the operation was conducted as a humanitarian program called "Operation Smiles". The goal of the program was to provide medical care and services to the region of Basilan as part of a "Hearts and Minds" program. Joint Special Operations Task Force – Philippines disbanded in June 2014, ending a 14-year mission. After JSOTF-P disbanded, as late as November 2014, American forces continued to operate in the Philippines under the name "PACOM Augmentation Team".

title: War_on_Terror

title: War_on_Terror

text: In

text: January

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Special

text: Operations

text: Command

text: Pacific

text: deployed

text: to

text: the

text: Philippines

text: to

text: advise

text: and

text: assist

text: the

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: of

text: the

text: Philippines

text: in

text: combating

text: Filipino

text: Islamist

text: groups

text: The

text: operations

text: were

text: mainly

text: focused

text: on

text: removing

text: the

text: Abu

text: Sayyaf

text: group

text: and

text: Jemaah

text: Islamiyah

text: JI

text: from

text: their

text: stronghold

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Basilan

text: The

text: second

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: operation

text: was

text: conducted

text: as

text: a

text: humanitarian

text: program

text: called

text: Operation

text: Smiles

text: The

text: goal

text: of

text: the

text: program

text: was

text: to

text: provide

text: medical

text: care

text: and

text: services

text: to

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Basilan

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: Hearts

text: and

text: Minds

text: program

text: Joint

text: Special

text: Operations

text: Task

text: Force

text: Philippines

text: disbanded

text: in

text: June

text: ending

text: a

text: mission

text: After

text: JSOTF

text: P

text: disbanded

text: as

text: late

text: as

text: November

text: American

text: forces

text: continued

text: to

text: operate

text: in

text: the

text: Philippines

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: PACOM

text: Augmentation

text: Team

question: Where did the USSOC Pacific deploy to in Jan 2002?

answer: Philippines

text: Philippines

question: What was the goal of the 2002 Philippines deployment?

answer: combating Filipino Islamist groups

text: combating Filipino Islamist groups

question: What was the main Filipino Islamist group being attacked?

answer: Abu Sayyaf

text: Abu Sayyaf

question: What humanitarian effort followed the 2002 military operation in the Philippines?

answer: Operation Smiles

text: Operation Smiles

question: What did Operation Smiles do for the Philippines?

answer: provide medical care and services to the region of Basilan

text: provide medical care and services to the region of Basilan


text: East of the Bronx River, the borough is relatively flat and includes four large low peninsulas, or 'necks,' of low-lying land which jut into the waters of the East River and were once saltmarsh: Hunts Point, Clason's Point, Screvin's Neck (Castle Hill Point) and Throgs Neck. The East Bronx has older tenement buildings, low income public housing complexes, and multifamily homes, as well as single family homes. It includes New York City's largest park: Pelham Bay Park along the Westchester-Bronx border.

title: The_Bronx

title: The_Bronx

text: East

text: of

text: the

text: Bronx

text: River

text: the

text: borough

text: is

text: relatively

text: flat

text: and

text: includes

text: four

text: large

text: low

text: peninsulas

text: or

text: necks

text: of

text: low

text: lying

text: land

text: which

text: jut

text: into

text: the

text: waters

text: of

text: the

text: East

text: River

text: and

text: were

text: once

text: saltmarsh

text: Hunts

text: Point

text: Clason

text: 's

text: Point

text: Screvin

text: 's

text: Neck

text: Castle

text: Hill

text: Point

text: and

text: Throgs

text: Neck

text: The

text: East

text: Bronx

text: has

text: older

text: tenement

text: buildings

text: low

text: income

text: public

text: housing

text: complexes

text: and

text: multifamily

text: homes

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: single

text: family

text: homes

text: It

text: includes

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: 's

text: largest

text: park

text: Pelham

text: Bay

text: Park

text: along

text: the

text: Westchester

text: Bronx

text: border

question: What is Screvin's Neck also called?

answer: Castle Hill Point

text: Castle Hill Point

question: In what river does the Bronx have 4 peninsulas?

answer: East River

text: East River

question: What is NYC's largest park?

answer: Pelham Bay Park

text: Pelham Bay Park

question: Where is Pelham Bay Park?

answer: along the Westchester-Bronx border

text: along the Westchester-Bronx border


text: Yale and New Haven are working to build a medical and biotechnology research hub in the city and Greater New Haven region, and are succeeding to some extent.[citation needed] The city, state and Yale together run Science Park, a large site three blocks northwest of Yale's Science Hill campus. This multi-block site, approximately bordered by Mansfield Street, Division Street, and Shelton Avenue, is the former home of Winchester's and Olin Corporation's 45 large-scale factory buildings. Currently, sections of the site are large-scale parking lots or abandoned structures, but there is also a large remodeled and functioning area of buildings (leased primarily by a private developer) with numerous Yale employees, financial service and biotech companies.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: Yale

text: and

text: New

text: Haven

text: are

text: working

text: to

text: build

text: a

text: medical

text: and

text: biotechnology

text: research

text: hub

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: Greater

text: New

text: Haven

text: region

text: and

text: are

text: succeeding

text: to

text: some

text: extent.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: city

text: state

text: and

text: Yale

text: together

text: run

text: Science

text: Park

text: a

text: large

text: site

text: three

text: blocks

text: northwest

text: of

text: Yale

text: 's

text: Science

text: Hill

text: campus

text: This

text: multi

text: block

text: site

text: approximately

text: bordered

text: by

text: Mansfield

text: Street

text: Division

text: Street

text: and

text: Shelton

text: Avenue

text: is

text: the

text: former

text: home

text: of

text: Winchester

text: 's

text: and

text: Olin

text: Corporation

text: 's

text: large

text: scale

text: factory

text: buildings

text: Currently

text: sections

text: of

text: the

text: site

text: are

text: large

text: scale

text: parking

text: lots

text: or

text: abandoned

text: structures

text: but

text: there

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: large

text: remodeled

text: and

text: functioning

text: area

text: of

text: buildings

text: leased

text: primarily

text: by

text: a

text: private

text: developer

text: with

text: numerous

text: Yale

text: employees

text: financial

text: service

text: and

text: biotech

text: companies

question: Yale and New Haven are conjointly attempting to build the area into a research hub for what two industries?

answer: medical and biotechnology

text: medical and biotechnology

question: What large site is run by Yale, in conjunction with New Haven and the state, situated three blocks away from Yale's Science hill campus?

answer: Science Park

text: Science Park

question: To what corporation did the multi-block site comprising Science Park formerly belong?

answer: Winchester's and Olin

text: Winchester's and Olin

question: In addition to Yale employees and financial services, companies in what industry can currently be found in the functioning areas Science Park?

answer: biotech

text: biotech

question: What is the name of the collaborated project between Yale University, Connecticut and New Haven city?

answer: Science Park

text: Science Park

question: The area of Science Park was originally filled with what?

answer: 45 large-scale factory buildings

text: 45 large-scale factory buildings

question: Although some of the Science Park area is used by multiple institutions and groups, what remains left over Winchester's and Olin company?

answer: parking lots or abandoned structures

text: parking lots or abandoned structures


text: Due to extreme variation in elevation, great variation occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal . The climate varies from hot and subhumid tropical in the southern tracts to, with more elevation, cold, alpine, and glacial in the northern and eastern mountain ranges. The state has areas like Dharamsala that receive very heavy rainfall, as well as those like Lahaul and Spiti that are cold and almost rainless. Broadly, Himachal experiences three seasons: summer, winter, and rainy season. Summer lasts from mid-April till the end of June and most parts become very hot (except in the alpine zone which experiences a mild summer) with the average temperature ranging from 28 to 32 °C (82 to 90 °F). Winter lasts from late November till mid March. Snowfall is common in alpine tracts (generally above 2,200 metres (7,218 ft) i.e. in the higher and trans-Himalayan region).

title: Himachal_Pradesh

title: Himachal_Pradesh

text: Due

text: to

text: extreme

text: variation

text: in

text: elevation

text: great

text: variation

text: occurs

text: in

text: the

text: climatic

text: conditions

text: of

text: Himachal

text: The

text: climate

text: varies

text: from

text: hot

text: and

text: subhumid

text: tropical

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: tracts

text: to

text: with

text: more

text: elevation

text: cold

text: alpine

text: and

text: glacial

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: and

text: eastern

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: The

text: state

text: has

text: areas

text: like

text: Dharamsala

text: that

text: receive

text: very

text: heavy

text: rainfall

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: those

text: like

text: Lahaul

text: and

text: Spiti

text: that

text: are

text: cold

text: and

text: almost

text: rainless

text: Broadly

text: Himachal

text: experiences

text: three

text: seasons

text: summer

text: winter

text: and

text: rainy

text: season

text: Summer

text: lasts

text: from

text: mid

text: April

text: till

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: June

text: and

text: most

text: parts

text: become

text: very

text: hot

text: except

text: in

text: the

text: alpine

text: zone

text: which

text: experiences

text: a

text: mild

text: summer

text: with

text: the

text: average

text: temperature

text: ranging

text: from

text: to

text: C

text: to

text: F

text: Winter

text: lasts

text: from

text: late

text: November

text: till

text: mid

text: March

text: Snowfall

text: is

text: common

text: in

text: alpine

text: tracts

text: generally

text: above

text: metres

text: ft

text: i.e.

text: in

text: the

text: higher

text: and

text: trans

text: Himalayan

text: region

question: What occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal?

answer: great variation

text: great variation

question: What is the climate like?

answer: varies from hot and subhumid tropical

text: varies from hot and subhumid tropical

question: What three seasons does Himachal experience?

answer: summer, winter, and rainy season

text: summer, winter, and rainy season

question: How long does summer last?

answer: mid-April till the end of June

text: mid-April till the end of June

question: How long does winter last?

answer: late November till mid March.

text: late November till mid March.


text: In a five-to-four decision, the Supreme Court struck down the impositions of the death penalty in each of the consolidated cases as unconstitutional. The five justices in the majority did not produce a common opinion or rationale for their decision, however, and agreed only on a short statement announcing the result. The narrowest opinions, those of Byron White and Potter Stewart, expressed generalized concerns about the inconsistent application of the death penalty across a variety of cases but did not exclude the possibility of a constitutional death penalty law. Stewart and William O. Douglas worried explicitly about racial discrimination in enforcement of the death penalty. Thurgood Marshall and William J. Brennan, Jr. expressed the opinion that the death penalty was proscribed absolutely by the Eighth Amendment as "cruel and unusual" punishment.

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: a

text: five

text: to

text: four

text: decision

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: struck

text: down

text: the

text: impositions

text: of

text: the

text: death

text: penalty

text: in

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: consolidated

text: cases

text: as

text: unconstitutional

text: The

text: five

text: justices

text: in

text: the

text: majority

text: did

text: not

text: produce

text: a

text: common

text: opinion

text: or

text: rationale

text: for

text: their

text: decision

text: however

text: and

text: agreed

text: only

text: on

text: a

text: short

text: statement

text: announcing

text: the

text: result

text: The

text: narrowest

text: opinions

text: those

text: of

text: Byron

text: White

text: and

text: Potter

text: Stewart

text: expressed

text: generalized

text: concerns

text: about

text: the

text: inconsistent

text: application

text: of

text: the

text: death

text: penalty

text: across

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: cases

text: but

text: did

text: not

text: exclude

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: a

text: constitutional

text: death

text: penalty

text: law

text: Stewart

text: and

text: William

text: O.

text: Douglas

text: worried

text: explicitly

text: about

text: racial

text: discrimination

text: in

text: enforcement

text: of

text: the

text: death

text: penalty

text: Thurgood

text: Marshall

text: and

text: William

text: J.

text: Brennan

text: Jr.

text: expressed

text: the

text: opinion

text: that

text: the

text: death

text: penalty

text: was

text: proscribed

text: absolutely

text: by

text: the

text: Eighth

text: Amendment

text: as

text: cruel

text: and

text: unusual

text: punishment

question: Along with Marshall, who believed that the Eighth Amendment forbade the death penalty?

answer: William J. Brennan, Jr.

text: William J. Brennan, Jr.

question: Along with Stewart, what Supreme Court justice was concerned about racial disparity in death penalty enforcement?

answer: William O. Douglas

text: William O. Douglas

question: Aside from Stewart, what justice believed that the death penalty could be constitutional?

answer: Byron White

text: Byron White


text: Short-term memory is believed to rely mostly on an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent a visual code. Conrad (1964) found that test subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar (e.g. E, P, D). Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically. Conrad's (1964) study, however, deals with the encoding of written text; thus, while memory of written language may rely on acoustic components, generalisations to all forms of memory cannot be made.

title: Memory

title: Memory

text: Short

text: term

text: memory

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: rely

text: mostly

text: on

text: an

text: acoustic

text: code

text: for

text: storing

text: information

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: lesser

text: extent

text: a

text: visual

text: code

text: Conrad

text: found

text: that

text: test

text: subjects

text: had

text: more

text: difficulty

text: recalling

text: collections

text: of

text: letters

text: that

text: were

text: acoustically

text: similar

text: e.g.

text: E

text: P

text: D

text: Confusion

text: with

text: recalling

text: acoustically

text: similar

text: letters

text: rather

text: than

text: visually

text: similar

text: letters

text: implies

text: that

text: the

text: letters

text: were

text: encoded

text: acoustically

text: Conrad

text: 's

text: study

text: however

text: deals

text: with

text: the

text: encoding

text: of

text: written

text: text

text: thus

text: while

text: memory

text: of

text: written

text: language

text: may

text: rely

text: on

text: acoustic

text: components

text: generalisations

text: to

text: all

text: forms

text: of

text: memory

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: made

question: What does short-term memory depend on?

answer: an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent a visual code.

text: an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent a visual code.

question: What did conrad find about test subjects?

answer: subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar

text: subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar

question: What does Conrads finding seem to mean?

answer: . Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically.

text: . Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically.

question: What was Conrads deal with?

answer: encoding of written text;

text: encoding of written text;


text: Several bronze-era states flourished in the area of Greater Armenia, including the Hittite Empire (at the height of its power), Mitanni (South-Western historical Armenia), and Hayasa-Azzi (1500–1200 BC). The Nairi people (12th to 9th centuries BC) and the Kingdom of Urartu (1000–600 BC) successively established their sovereignty over the Armenian Highland. Each of the aforementioned nations and tribes participated in the ethnogenesis of the Armenian people. A large cuneiform lapidary inscription found in Yerevan established that the modern capital of Armenia was founded in the summer of 782 BC by King Argishti I. Yerevan is the world's oldest city to have documented the exact date of its foundation.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Several

text: bronze

text: era

text: states

text: flourished

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: Greater

text: Armenia

text: including

text: the

text: Hittite

text: Empire

text: at

text: the

text: height

text: of

text: its

text: power

text: Mitanni

text: South

text: Western

text: historical

text: Armenia

text: and

text: Hayasa

text: Azzi

text: BC

text: The

text: Nairi

text: people

text: to

text: centuries

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Urartu

text: BC

text: successively

text: established

text: their

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Highland

text: Each

text: of

text: the

text: aforementioned

text: nations

text: and

text: tribes

text: participated

text: in

text: the

text: ethnogenesis

text: of

text: the

text: Armenian

text: people

text: A

text: large

text: cuneiform

text: lapidary

text: inscription

text: found

text: in

text: Yerevan

text: established

text: that

text: the

text: modern

text: capital

text: of

text: Armenia

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: BC

text: by

text: King

text: Argishti

text: I.

text: Yerevan

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: city

text: to

text: have

text: documented

text: the

text: exact

text: date

text: of

text: its

text: foundation

question: When was the capital of Armenia established?

answer: 782 BC

text: 782 BC

question: What is the capital of Armenia?

answer: Yerevan

text: Yerevan

question: The founding of which city was the first to be ever recorded?

answer: Yerevan

text: Yerevan

question: Who ruled Armenia in 782 BC?

answer: King Argishti I

text: King Argishti I


text: On election day (6 May 2010), The Sun urged its readers to vote for David Cameron's "modern and positive" Conservatives in order to save Britain from "disaster" which the paper thought the country would face if the Labour government was re-elected. The election ended in the first hung parliament after an election for 36 years, with the Tories gaining the most seats and votes but being 20 seats short of an overall majority. They finally came to power on 11 May when Gordon Brown stepped down as prime minister, paving the way for David Cameron to become prime minister by forming a coalition with the Liberal Democrats.

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom

text: On

text: election

text: day

text: May

text: The

text: Sun

text: urged

text: its

text: readers

text: to

text: vote

text: for

text: David

text: Cameron

text: 's

text: modern

text: and

text: positive

text: Conservatives

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: save

text: Britain

text: from

text: disaster

text: which

text: the

text: paper

text: thought

text: the

text: country

text: would

text: face

text: if

text: the

text: Labour

text: government

text: was

text: re

text: elected

text: The

text: election

text: ended

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: hung

text: parliament

text: after

text: an

text: election

text: for

text: years

text: with

text: the

text: Tories

text: gaining

text: the

text: most

text: seats

text: and

text: votes

text: but

text: being

text: seats

text: short

text: of

text: an

text: overall

text: majority

text: They

text: finally

text: came

text: to

text: power

text: on

text: May

text: when

text: Gordon

text: Brown

text: stepped

text: down

text: as

text: prime

text: minister

text: paving

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: David

text: Cameron

text: to

text: become

text: prime

text: minister

text: by

text: forming

text: a

text: coalition

text: with

text: the

text: Liberal

text: Democrats

question: Who did The Sun advocate for the 2010 election?

answer: David Cameron

text: David Cameron

question: What did The Sun fear would result from election of the Labour Party?

answer: disaster

text: disaster

question: What was the outcome of the general election?

answer: hung parliament

text: hung parliament

question: Which party came to power after the election?

answer: Tories

text: Tories

question: Who did David Cameron align with in order to become Prime Minister?

answer: Liberal Democrats

text: Liberal Democrats