text: The personal copying exemption in the copyright law of EU member states stems from the EU Copyright Directive of 2001, which is generally devised to allow EU members to enact laws sanctioning making copies without authorization, as long as they are for personal, noncommerical use. The Copyright Directive was not intended to legitimize file-sharing, but rather the common practice of space shifting copyright-protected content from a legally purchased CD (for example) to certain kinds of devices and media, provided rights holders are compensated and no copy protection measures are circumvented. Rights-holder compensation takes various forms, depending on the country, but is generally either a levy on "recording" devices and media, or a tax on the content itself. In some countries, such as Canada, the applicability of such laws to copying onto general-purpose storage devices like computer hard drives, portable media players, and phones, for which no levies are collected, has been the subject of debate and further efforts to reform copyright law.

title: Copyright_infringement

title: Copyright_infringement

text: The

text: personal

text: copying

text: exemption

text: in

text: the

text: copyright

text: law

text: of

text: EU

text: member

text: states

text: stems

text: from

text: the

text: EU

text: Copyright

text: Directive

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: generally

text: devised

text: to

text: allow

text: EU

text: members

text: to

text: enact

text: laws

text: sanctioning

text: making

text: copies

text: without

text: authorization

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: they

text: are

text: for

text: personal

text: noncommerical

text: use

text: The

text: Copyright

text: Directive

text: was

text: not

text: intended

text: to

text: legitimize

text: file

text: sharing

text: but

text: rather

text: the

text: common

text: practice

text: of

text: space

text: shifting

text: copyright

text: protected

text: content

text: from

text: a

text: legally

text: purchased

text: CD

text: for

text: example

text: to

text: certain

text: kinds

text: of

text: devices

text: and

text: media

text: provided

text: rights

text: holders

text: are

text: compensated

text: and

text: no

text: copy

text: protection

text: measures

text: are

text: circumvented

text: Rights

text: holder

text: compensation

text: takes

text: various

text: forms

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: country

text: but

text: is

text: generally

text: either

text: a

text: levy

text: on

text: recording

text: devices

text: and

text: media

text: or

text: a

text: tax

text: on

text: the

text: content

text: itself

text: In

text: some

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Canada

text: the

text: applicability

text: of

text: such

text: laws

text: to

text: copying

text: onto

text: general

text: purpose

text: storage

text: devices

text: like

text: computer

text: hard

text: drives

text: portable

text: media

text: players

text: and

text: phones

text: for

text: which

text: no

text: levies

text: are

text: collected

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: debate

text: and

text: further

text: efforts

text: to

text: reform

text: copyright

text: law

question: What directive in 2001 let European Union countries to enact laws that allowed making copies for personal use?

answer: EU Copyright Directive of 2001

text: EU Copyright Directive of 2001

question: What was the directive NOT intended for?

answer: legitimize file-sharing

text: legitimize file-sharing

question: Compensation to the rights-holder is generally a levy or what else?

answer: a tax on the content itself

text: a tax on the content itself

question: What is an example of a country that has no levies collected?

answer: Canada

text: Canada

question: What are examples of general purpose storage devices?

answer: computer hard drives, portable media players, and phones

text: computer hard drives, portable media players, and phones


text: Six games were initially available in Japan, while eagerly anticipated titles such as Dead or Alive 4 and Enchanted Arms were released in the weeks following the console's launch. Games targeted specifically for the region, such as Chromehounds, Ninety-Nine Nights, and Phantasy Star Universe, were also released in the console's first year. Microsoft also had the support of Japanese developer Mistwalker, founded by Final Fantasy creator Hironobu Sakaguchi. Mistwalker's first game, Blue Dragon, was released in 2006 and had a limited-edition bundle which sold out quickly with over 10,000 pre-orders. Blue Dragon is one of three Xbox 360 games to surpass 200,000 units in Japan, along with Tales of Vesperia and Star Ocean: The Last Hope. Mistwalker's second game, Lost Odyssey also sold over 100,000 copies.

title: Xbox_360

title: Xbox_360

text: Six

text: games

text: were

text: initially

text: available

text: in

text: Japan

text: while

text: eagerly

text: anticipated

text: titles

text: such

text: as

text: Dead

text: or

text: Alive

text: and

text: Enchanted

text: Arms

text: were

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: weeks

text: following

text: the

text: console

text: 's

text: launch

text: Games

text: targeted

text: specifically

text: for

text: the

text: region

text: such

text: as

text: Chromehounds

text: Ninety

text: Nine

text: Nights

text: and

text: Phantasy

text: Star

text: Universe

text: were

text: also

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: console

text: 's

text: first

text: year

text: Microsoft

text: also

text: had

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: Japanese

text: developer

text: Mistwalker

text: founded

text: by

text: Final

text: Fantasy

text: creator

text: Hironobu

text: Sakaguchi

text: Mistwalker

text: 's

text: first

text: game

text: Blue

text: Dragon

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: and

text: had

text: a

text: limited

text: edition

text: bundle

text: which

text: sold

text: out

text: quickly

text: with

text: over

text: pre

text: orders

text: Blue

text: Dragon

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: Xbox

text: games

text: to

text: surpass

text: units

text: in

text: Japan

text: along

text: with

text: Tales

text: of

text: Vesperia

text: and

text: Star

text: Ocean

text: The

text: Last

text: Hope

text: Mistwalker

text: 's

text: second

text: game

text: Lost

text: Odyssey

text: also

text: sold

text: over

text: copies

question: How many launch titles did the 360 have in Japan?

answer: Six

text: Six

question: What was the name of the Japanese developer that strongly supported the 360?

answer: Mistwalker

text: Mistwalker

question: What was Mistwalker's first title for the 360?

answer: Blue Dragon

text: Blue Dragon

question: Blue Dragon surpassed this sales figure in Japan?

answer: 200,000 units

text: 200,000 units

question: What was Mistwalker's second 360 title to be released?

answer: Lost Odyssey

text: Lost Odyssey


text: There are other annual events, ranging from the Seattle Antiquarian Book Fair & Book Arts Show; an anime convention, Sakura-Con; Penny Arcade Expo, a gaming convention; a two-day, 9,000-rider Seattle to Portland Bicycle Classic, and specialized film festivals, such as the Maelstrom International Fantastic Film Festival, the Seattle Asian American Film Festival (formerly known as the Northwest Asian American Film Festival), Children's Film Festival Seattle, Translation: the Seattle Transgender Film Festival, the Seattle Gay and Lesbian Film Festival, and the Seattle Polish Film Festival.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: There

text: are

text: other

text: annual

text: events

text: ranging

text: from

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Antiquarian

text: Book

text: Fair

text: Book

text: Arts

text: Show

text: an

text: anime

text: convention

text: Sakura

text: Con

text: Penny

text: Arcade

text: Expo

text: a

text: gaming

text: convention

text: a

text: two

text: day

text: Seattle

text: to

text: Portland

text: Bicycle

text: Classic

text: and

text: specialized

text: film

text: festivals

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Maelstrom

text: International

text: Fantastic

text: Film

text: Festival

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Asian

text: American

text: Film

text: Festival

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Northwest

text: Asian

text: American

text: Film

text: Festival

text: Children

text: 's

text: Film

text: Festival

text: Seattle

text: Translation

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Transgender

text: Film

text: Festival

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Gay

text: and

text: Lesbian

text: Film

text: Festival

text: and

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Polish

text: Film

text: Festival

question: What anime convention is held in Seattle?

answer: Sakura-Con

text: Sakura-Con

question: What is focus of the Penny Arcade Expo?

answer: gaming

text: gaming

question: How many bicyclists attend the Seattle to Portland Bicycle Classic?

answer: 9,000

question: What festival does Seattle have for the transgender community?

answer: Seattle Transgender Film Festival

text: Seattle Transgender Film Festival

question: What is Seattle's festival for the Polish community?

answer: Seattle Polish Film Festival

text: Seattle Polish Film Festival


text: Thirteen thousand species of plants have been identified in the Alpine regions. Alpine plants are grouped by habitat and soil type which can be limestone or non-calcerous. The habitats range from meadows, bogs, woodland (deciduous and coniferous) areas to soilless scree and moraines, and rock faces and ridges. A natural vegetation limit with altitude is given by the presence of the chief deciduous trees—oak, beech, ash and sycamore maple. These do not reach exactly to the same elevation, nor are they often found growing together; but their upper limit corresponds accurately enough to the change from a temperate to a colder climate that is further proved by a change in the presence of wild herbaceous vegetation. This limit usually lies about 1,200 m (3,940 ft) above the sea on the north side of the Alps, but on the southern slopes it often rises to 1,500 m (4,920 ft), sometimes even to 1,700 m (5,580 ft).

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: Thirteen

text: thousand

text: species

text: of

text: plants

text: have

text: been

text: identified

text: in

text: the

text: Alpine

text: regions

text: Alpine

text: plants

text: are

text: grouped

text: by

text: habitat

text: and

text: soil

text: type

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: limestone

text: or

text: non

text: calcerous

text: The

text: habitats

text: range

text: from

text: meadows

text: bogs

text: woodland

text: deciduous

text: and

text: coniferous

text: areas

text: to

text: soilless

text: scree

text: and

text: moraines

text: and

text: rock

text: faces

text: and

text: ridges

text: A

text: natural

text: vegetation

text: limit

text: with

text: altitude

text: is

text: given

text: by

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: the

text: chief

text: deciduous

text: trees

text: oak

text: beech

text: ash

text: and

text: sycamore

text: maple

text: These

text: do

text: not

text: reach

text: exactly

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: elevation

text: nor

text: are

text: they

text: often

text: found

text: growing

text: together

text: but

text: their

text: upper

text: limit

text: corresponds

text: accurately

text: enough

text: to

text: the

text: change

text: from

text: a

text: temperate

text: to

text: a

text: colder

text: climate

text: that

text: is

text: further

text: proved

text: by

text: a

text: change

text: in

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: wild

text: herbaceous

text: vegetation

text: This

text: limit

text: usually

text: lies

text: about

text: m

text: ft

text: above

text: the

text: sea

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: but

text: on

text: the

text: southern

text: slopes

text: it

text: often

text: rises

text: to

text: m

text: ft

text: sometimes

text: even

text: to

text: m

text: ft

question: How many species of plants have been identified in the Alpine regions?

answer: Thirteen thousand

text: Thirteen thousand

question: How are Alpine plants grouped?

answer: by habitat and soil type

text: by habitat and soil type

question: Oak, beech, ash, and sycamore maple make up what group of trees?

answer: chief deciduous trees

text: chief deciduous trees


text: No archaeological evidence that indicates a settlement on the site of today′s city centre prior to the 12th century has been found so far. In antiquity, a Celtic oppidum stood on the Engehalbinsel (peninsula) north of Bern, fortified since the 2nd century BC (late La Tène period), thought to be one of the twelve oppida of the Helvetii mentioned by Caesar. During the Roman era, there was a Gallo-Roman vicus on the same site. The Bern zinc tablet has the name Brenodor ("dwelling of Breno"). In the Early Middle Ages, there was a settlement in Bümpliz, now a city district of Bern, some 4 km (2 mi) from the medieval city.

title: Bern

title: Bern

text: No

text: archaeological

text: evidence

text: that

text: indicates

text: a

text: settlement

text: on

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: today′s

text: city

text: centre

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: has

text: been

text: found

text: so

text: far

text: In

text: antiquity

text: a

text: Celtic

text: oppidum

text: stood

text: on

text: the

text: Engehalbinsel

text: peninsula

text: north

text: of

text: Bern

text: fortified

text: since

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: late

text: La

text: Tène

text: period

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: twelve

text: oppida

text: of

text: the

text: Helvetii

text: mentioned

text: by

text: Caesar

text: During

text: the

text: Roman

text: era

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: Gallo

text: Roman

text: vicus

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: site

text: The

text: Bern

text: zinc

text: tablet

text: has

text: the

text: name

text: Brenodor

text: dwelling

text: of

text: Breno

text: In

text: the

text: Early

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: settlement

text: in

text: Bümpliz

text: now

text: a

text: city

text: district

text: of

text: Bern

text: some

text: km

text: mi

text: from

text: the

text: medieval

text: city

question: When was the earliest evidnce of settlement in the city centre?

answer: 12th century

text: 12th century

question: What era was there a Gallo-Roman vicus on the same site?

answer: Roman era

text: Roman era

question: What is the name of the Bern zinc tablet?

answer: Brenodor

text: Brenodor

question: When was the settlement in Bumpliz close to the medieval city?

answer: Early Middle Ages

text: Early Middle Ages


text: Cork City is at the heart of industry in the south of Ireland. Its main area of industry is pharmaceuticals, with Pfizer Inc. and Swiss company Novartis being big employers in the region. The most famous product of the Cork pharmaceutical industry is Viagra. Cork is also the European headquarters of Apple Inc. where over 3,000 staff are involved in manufacturing, R&D and customer support. Logitech and EMC Corporation are also important IT employers in the area. Three hospitals are also among the top ten employers in the city (see table below).

title: Cork_(city)

title: Cork_(city

text: Cork

text: City

text: is

text: at

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: industry

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Its

text: main

text: area

text: of

text: industry

text: is

text: pharmaceuticals

text: with

text: Pfizer

text: Inc.

text: and

text: Swiss

text: company

text: Novartis

text: being

text: big

text: employers

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: The

text: most

text: famous

text: product

text: of

text: the

text: Cork

text: pharmaceutical

text: industry

text: is

text: Viagra

text: Cork

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: European

text: headquarters

text: of

text: Apple

text: Inc.

text: where

text: over

text: staff

text: are

text: involved

text: in

text: manufacturing

text: R&D

text: and

text: customer

text: support

text: Logitech

text: and

text: EMC

text: Corporation

text: are

text: also

text: important

text: IT

text: employers

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: Three

text: hospitals

text: are

text: also

text: among

text: the

text: top

text: ten

text: employers

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: see

text: table

text: below

question: What is the main industry in Cork?

answer: pharmaceuticals

text: pharmaceuticals

question: Who are the two major industry employers in Cork?

answer: Pfizer Inc. and Swiss company Novartis

text: Pfizer Inc. and Swiss company Novartis

question: What is the most famous pharmaceutical company in Cork?

answer: Viagra

text: Viagra

question: What major computing company calls Cork it's European Headquarters?

answer: Apple

text: Apple

question: Who are important industrial technology companies in Cork?

answer: Logitech and EMC Corporation

text: Logitech and EMC Corporation


text: Slack (2003) compares three groups that conducted biological research at Yale during overlapping periods between 1910 and 1970. Yale proved important as a site for this research. The leaders of these groups were Ross Granville Harrison, Grace E. Pickford, and G. Evelyn Hutchinson, and their members included both graduate students and more experienced scientists. All produced innovative research, including the opening of new subfields in embryology, endocrinology, and ecology, respectively, over a long period of time. Harrison's group is shown to have been a classic research school; Pickford's and Hutchinson's were not. Pickford's group was successful in spite of her lack of departmental or institutional position or power. Hutchinson and his graduate and postgraduate students were extremely productive, but in diverse areas of ecology rather than one focused area of research or the use of one set of research tools. Hutchinson's example shows that new models for research groups are needed, especially for those that include extensive field research.

title: Yale_University

title: Yale_University

text: Slack

text: compares

text: three

text: groups

text: that

text: conducted

text: biological

text: research

text: at

text: Yale

text: during

text: overlapping

text: periods

text: between

text: and

text: Yale

text: proved

text: important

text: as

text: a

text: site

text: for

text: this

text: research

text: The

text: leaders

text: of

text: these

text: groups

text: were

text: Ross

text: Granville

text: Harrison

text: Grace

text: E.

text: Pickford

text: and

text: G.

text: Evelyn

text: Hutchinson

text: and

text: their

text: members

text: included

text: both

text: graduate

text: students

text: and

text: more

text: experienced

text: scientists

text: All

text: produced

text: innovative

text: research

text: including

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: new

text: subfields

text: in

text: embryology

text: endocrinology

text: and

text: ecology

text: respectively

text: over

text: a

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: Harrison

text: 's

text: group

text: is

text: shown

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: classic

text: research

text: school

text: Pickford

text: 's

text: and

text: Hutchinson

text: 's

text: were

text: not

text: Pickford

text: 's

text: group

text: was

text: successful

text: in

text: spite

text: of

text: her

text: lack

text: of

text: departmental

text: or

text: institutional

text: position

text: or

text: power

text: Hutchinson

text: and

text: his

text: graduate

text: and

text: postgraduate

text: students

text: were

text: extremely

text: productive

text: but

text: in

text: diverse

text: areas

text: of

text: ecology

text: rather

text: than

text: one

text: focused

text: area

text: of

text: research

text: or

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: one

text: set

text: of

text: research

text: tools

text: Hutchinson

text: 's

text: example

text: shows

text: that

text: new

text: models

text: for

text: research

text: groups

text: are

text: needed

text: especially

text: for

text: those

text: that

text: include

text: extensive

text: field

text: research

question: Which group of researchers provided a standard research school environment?

answer: Harrison's group

text: Harrison's group

question: Which groups of researchers provided unorthodox structure for a research group?

answer: Pickford's and Hutchinson's

text: Pickford's and Hutchinson's

question: What was Pickford's group lacking to make it more like other research schools?

answer: departmental or institutional position or power

text: departmental or institutional position or power

question: What information did Hutchinson's model provide?

answer: new models for research groups are needed

text: new models for research groups are needed

question: What did Hutchinson's group research?

answer: diverse areas of ecology

text: diverse areas of ecology


text: According to this school of Vedanta, all reality is Brahman, and there exists nothing whatsoever which is not Brahman. Its metaphysics includes the concept of māyā and ātman. Māyā connotes "that which exists, but is constantly changing and thus is spiritually unreal". The empirical reality is considered as always changing and therefore "transitory, incomplete, misleading and not what it appears to be". The concept of ātman is of soul, self within each person, each living being. Advaita Vedantins assert that ātman is same as Brahman, and this Brahman is within each human being and all life, all living beings are spiritually interconnected, and there is oneness in all of existence. They hold that dualities and misunderstanding of māyā as the spiritual reality that matters is caused by ignorance, and are the cause of sorrow, suffering. Jīvanmukti (liberation during life) can be achieved through Self-knowledge, the understanding that ātman within is same as ātman in another person and all of Brahman – the eternal, unchanging, entirety of cosmic principles and true reality.

title: Hindu_philosophy

title: Hindu_philosophy

text: According

text: to

text: this

text: school

text: of

text: Vedanta

text: all

text: reality

text: is

text: Brahman

text: and

text: there

text: exists

text: nothing

text: whatsoever

text: which

text: is

text: not

text: Brahman

text: Its

text: metaphysics

text: includes

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: māyā

text: and

text: ātman

text: Māyā

text: connotes

text: that

text: which

text: exists

text: but

text: is

text: constantly

text: changing

text: and

text: thus

text: is

text: spiritually

text: unreal

text: The

text: empirical

text: reality

text: is

text: considered

text: as

text: always

text: changing

text: and

text: therefore

text: transitory

text: incomplete

text: misleading

text: and

text: not

text: what

text: it

text: appears

text: to

text: be

text: The

text: concept

text: of

text: ātman

text: is

text: of

text: soul

text: self

text: within

text: each

text: person

text: each

text: living

text: being

text: Advaita

text: Vedantins

text: assert

text: that

text: ātman

text: is

text: same

text: as

text: Brahman

text: and

text: this

text: Brahman

text: is

text: within

text: each

text: human

text: being

text: and

text: all

text: life

text: all

text: living

text: beings

text: are

text: spiritually

text: interconnected

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: oneness

text: in

text: all

text: of

text: existence

text: They

text: hold

text: that

text: dualities

text: and

text: misunderstanding

text: of

text: māyā

text: as

text: the

text: spiritual

text: reality

text: that

text: matters

text: is

text: caused

text: by

text: ignorance

text: and

text: are

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: sorrow

text: suffering

text: Jīvanmukti

text: liberation

text: during

text: life

text: can

text: be

text: achieved

text: through

text: Self

text: knowledge

text: the

text: understanding

text: that

text: ātman

text: within

text: is

text: same

text: as

text: ātman

text: in

text: another

text: person

text: and

text: all

text: of

text: Brahman

text: the

text: eternal

text: unchanging

text: entirety

text: of

text: cosmic

text: principles

text: and

text: true

text: reality

question: According to a school of Vedanta, what is all reality?

answer: Brahman

text: Brahman

question: What concepts of metaphysics are included in Vedanta?

answer: māyā and ātman

text: māyā and ātman

question: How is the reality of maya viewed in Vedanta?

answer: always changing

text: always changing

question: To what does the concept of atman refer?

answer: soul

text: soul

question: To what do Advaita Vedantins view atman as the same?

answer: Brahman

text: Brahman


text: Waste management including sewage treatment, the linked processes of deforestation and soil degradation, and climate change or global warming are the major environmental problems in Nigeria. Waste management presents problems in a mega city like Lagos and other major Nigerian cities which are linked with economic development, population growth and the inability of municipal councils to manage the resulting rise in industrial and domestic waste. This huge waste management problem is also attributable to unsustainable environmental management lifestyles of Kubwa Community in the Federal Capital Territory, where there are habits of indiscriminate disposal of waste, dumping of waste along or into the canals, sewerage systems that are channels for water flows, etc.

title: Nigeria

title: Nigeria

text: Waste

text: management

text: including

text: sewage

text: treatment

text: the

text: linked

text: processes

text: of

text: deforestation

text: and

text: soil

text: degradation

text: and

text: climate

text: change

text: or

text: global

text: warming

text: are

text: the

text: major

text: environmental

text: problems

text: in

text: Nigeria

text: Waste

text: management

text: presents

text: problems

text: in

text: a

text: mega

text: city

text: like

text: Lagos

text: and

text: other

text: major

text: Nigerian

text: cities

text: which

text: are

text: linked

text: with

text: economic

text: development

text: population

text: growth

text: and

text: the

text: inability

text: of

text: municipal

text: councils

text: to

text: manage

text: the

text: resulting

text: rise

text: in

text: industrial

text: and

text: domestic

text: waste

text: This

text: huge

text: waste

text: management

text: problem

text: is

text: also

text: attributable

text: to

text: unsustainable

text: environmental

text: management

text: lifestyles

text: of

text: Kubwa

text: Community

text: in

text: the

text: Federal

text: Capital

text: Territory

text: where

text: there

text: are

text: habits

text: of

text: indiscriminate

text: disposal

text: of

text: waste

text: dumping

text: of

text: waste

text: along

text: or

text: into

text: the

text: canals

text: sewerage

text: systems

text: that

text: are

text: channels

text: for

text: water

text: flows

text: etc

question: What is the largest Nigerian city?

answer: Lagos

text: Lagos

question: What type of groups have been failing to keep up with waste management in Nigeria?

answer: municipal councils

text: municipal councils

question: What Nigerian community has the worst unsustainable waste management?

answer: Kubwa Community

text: Kubwa Community

question: What territory is Kubwa Community in?

answer: Federal Capital Territory

text: Federal Capital Territory


text: Since the university's establishment in the city in 1837, the histories of the University of Michigan and Ann Arbor have been closely linked. The town became a regional transportation hub in 1839 with the arrival of the Michigan Central Railroad, and a north—south railway connecting Ann Arbor to Toledo and other markets to the south was established in 1878. Throughout the 1840s and the 1850s settlers continued to come to Ann Arbor. While the earlier settlers were primarily of British ancestry, the newer settlers also consisted of Germans, Irish, and African-Americans. In 1851, Ann Arbor was chartered as a city, though the city showed a drop in population during the Depression of 1873. It was not until the early 1880s that Ann Arbor again saw robust growth, with new immigrants coming from Greece, Italy, Russia, and Poland. Ann Arbor saw increased growth in manufacturing, particularly in milling. Ann Arbor's Jewish community also grew after the turn of the 20th century, and its first and oldest synagogue, Beth Israel Congregation, was established in 1916.

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

text: Since

text: the

text: university

text: 's

text: establishment

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: histories

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: and

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: have

text: been

text: closely

text: linked

text: The

text: town

text: became

text: a

text: regional

text: transportation

text: hub

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: the

text: Michigan

text: Central

text: Railroad

text: and

text: a

text: north

text: south

text: railway

text: connecting

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: to

text: Toledo

text: and

text: other

text: markets

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: Throughout

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: settlers

text: continued

text: to

text: come

text: to

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: While

text: the

text: earlier

text: settlers

text: were

text: primarily

text: of

text: British

text: ancestry

text: the

text: newer

text: settlers

text: also

text: consisted

text: of

text: Germans

text: Irish

text: and

text: African

text: Americans

text: In

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: was

text: chartered

text: as

text: a

text: city

text: though

text: the

text: city

text: showed

text: a

text: drop

text: in

text: population

text: during

text: the

text: Depression

text: of

text: It

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: that

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: again

text: saw

text: robust

text: growth

text: with

text: new

text: immigrants

text: coming

text: from

text: Greece

text: Italy

text: Russia

text: and

text: Poland

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: saw

text: increased

text: growth

text: in

text: manufacturing

text: particularly

text: in

text: milling

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: 's

text: Jewish

text: community

text: also

text: grew

text: after

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: its

text: first

text: and

text: oldest

text: synagogue

text: Beth

text: Israel

text: Congregation

text: was

text: established

text: in

question: Ann Arbor has been linked with which university?

answer: University of Michigan

text: University of Michigan

question: Which town became the regional transport hub in 1878?

answer: Ann Arbor

text: Ann Arbor

question: Who were the early settlers of Ann Arbor?

answer: British

text: British

question: In which year was Ann Arbor chartered as a city?

answer: 1851

question: In 1916, what was the name of the Synagogue that was establish?

answer: Beth Israel Congregation

text: Beth Israel Congregation


text: The USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 (released in 2007) defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port. Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging port can supply currents between 500 mA and 1.5 A without the digital negotiation. A charging port supplies up to 500 mA at 5 V, up to the rated current at 3.6 V or more, and drops its output voltage if the portable device attempts to draw more than the rated current. The charger port may shut down if the load is too high.

title: USB

title: USB

text: The

text: USB

text: Battery

text: Charging

text: Specification

text: Revision

text: released

text: in

text: defines

text: a

text: new

text: type

text: of

text: USB

text: port

text: called

text: the

text: charging

text: port

text: Contrary

text: to

text: the

text: standard

text: downstream

text: port

text: for

text: which

text: current

text: draw

text: by

text: a

text: connected

text: portable

text: device

text: can

text: exceed

text: mA

text: only

text: after

text: digital

text: negotiation

text: with

text: the

text: host

text: or

text: hub

text: a

text: charging

text: port

text: can

text: supply

text: currents

text: between

text: mA

text: and

text: A

text: without

text: the

text: digital

text: negotiation

text: A

text: charging

text: port

text: supplies

text: up

text: to

text: mA

text: at

text: V

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: rated

text: current

text: at

text: V

text: or

text: more

text: and

text: drops

text: its

text: output

text: voltage

text: if

text: the

text: portable

text: device

text: attempts

text: to

text: draw

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: rated

text: current

text: The

text: charger

text: port

text: may

text: shut

text: down

text: if

text: the

text: load

text: is

text: too

text: high

question: What defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port?

answer: The USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1

text: The USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1

question: When was the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 released?

answer: in 2007

text: in 2007

question: What was the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 called?

answer: the charging port

text: the charging port

question: What does a charging port supply?

answer: up to 500 mA at 5 V

text: up to 500 mA at 5 V


text: Greece has the largest merchant navy in the world, accounting for more than 15% of the world's total deadweight tonnage (dwt) according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. The Greek merchant navy's total dwt of nearly 245 million is comparable only to Japan's, which is ranked second with almost 224 million. Additionally, Greece represents 39.52% of all of the European Union's dwt. However, today's fleet roster is smaller than an all-time high of 5,000 ships in the late 1970s.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: Greece

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: merchant

text: navy

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: accounting

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: total

text: deadweight

text: tonnage

text: dwt

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Conference

text: on

text: Trade

text: and

text: Development

text: The

text: Greek

text: merchant

text: navy

text: 's

text: total

text: dwt

text: of

text: nearly

text: million

text: is

text: comparable

text: only

text: to

text: Japan

text: 's

text: which

text: is

text: ranked

text: second

text: with

text: almost

text: million

text: Additionally

text: Greece

text: represents

text: of

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: 's

text: dwt

text: However

text: today

text: 's

text: fleet

text: roster

text: is

text: smaller

text: than

text: an

text: all

text: time

text: high

text: of

text: ships

text: in

text: the

text: late

question: What does Greece have the largest of in the world?

answer: merchant navy

text: merchant navy

question: Greece's navy accounts for more than what percentage of the world's total deadweight tonnage?

answer: 15%

question: What is the Greek merchant navy's total dwt?

answer: 245 million

text: 245 million

question: What percentage of the entire EU's dwt does Greece alone represent?

answer: 39.52%

question: How many ships did Greece's navy have in the late 1970s?

answer: 5,000


text: The USA PATRIOT Act increased the powers allotted to the FBI, especially in wiretapping and monitoring of Internet activity. One of the most controversial provisions of the act is the so-called sneak and peek provision, granting the FBI powers to search a house while the residents are away, and not requiring them to notify the residents for several weeks afterwards. Under the PATRIOT Act's provisions, the FBI also resumed inquiring into the library records of those who are suspected of terrorism (something it had supposedly not done since the 1970s).

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: The

text: USA

text: PATRIOT

text: Act

text: increased

text: the

text: powers

text: allotted

text: to

text: the

text: FBI

text: especially

text: in

text: wiretapping

text: and

text: monitoring

text: of

text: Internet

text: activity

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: controversial

text: provisions

text: of

text: the

text: act

text: is

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: sneak

text: and

text: peek

text: provision

text: granting

text: the

text: FBI

text: powers

text: to

text: search

text: a

text: house

text: while

text: the

text: residents

text: are

text: away

text: and

text: not

text: requiring

text: them

text: to

text: notify

text: the

text: residents

text: for

text: several

text: weeks

text: afterwards

text: Under

text: the

text: PATRIOT

text: Act

text: 's

text: provisions

text: the

text: FBI

text: also

text: resumed

text: inquiring

text: into

text: the

text: library

text: records

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: are

text: suspected

text: of

text: terrorism

text: something

text: it

text: had

text: supposedly

text: not

text: done

text: since

text: the

question: What increased the powers of the FBI?

answer: USA PATRIOT Act

text: USA PATRIOT Act

question: What was one of the most controversial parts of the Patriot Act?

answer: sneak and peek provision

text: sneak and peek provision

question: What new residential powers did the FBI now have?

answer: search a house while the residents are away

text: search a house while the residents are away

question: Could the FBI inquire into library records?

answer: FBI also resumed inquiring into the library records

text: FBI also resumed inquiring into the library records

question: Who's library records did the FBI look into?

answer: those who are suspected of terrorism

text: those who are suspected of terrorism


text: Ranked below the Three Councillors of State were the Nine Ministers, who each headed a specialized ministry. The Minister of Ceremonies was the chief official in charge of religious rites, rituals, prayers and the maintenance of ancestral temples and altars. The Minister of the Household was in charge of the emperor's security within the palace grounds, external imperial parks and wherever the emperor made an outing by chariot. The Minister of the Guards was responsible for securing and patrolling the walls, towers, and gates of the imperial palaces. The Minister Coachman was responsible for the maintenance of imperial stables, horses, carriages and coach-houses for the emperor and his palace attendants, as well as the supply of horses for the armed forces. The Minister of Justice was the chief official in charge of upholding, administering, and interpreting the law. The Minister Herald was the chief official in charge of receiving honored guests at the imperial court, such as nobles and foreign ambassadors. The Minister of the Imperial Clan oversaw the imperial court's interactions with the empire's nobility and extended imperial family, such as granting fiefs and titles. The Minister of Finance was the treasurer for the official bureaucracy and the armed forces who handled tax revenues and set standards for units of measurement. The Minister Steward served the emperor exclusively, providing him with entertainment and amusements, proper food and clothing, medicine and physical care, valuables and equipment.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: Ranked

text: below

text: the

text: Three

text: Councillors

text: of

text: State

text: were

text: the

text: Nine

text: Ministers

text: who

text: each

text: headed

text: a

text: specialized

text: ministry

text: The

text: Minister

text: of

text: Ceremonies

text: was

text: the

text: chief

text: official

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: religious

text: rites

text: rituals

text: prayers

text: and

text: the

text: maintenance

text: of

text: ancestral

text: temples

text: and

text: altars

text: The

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: Household

text: was

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: the

text: emperor

text: 's

text: security

text: within

text: the

text: palace

text: grounds

text: external

text: imperial

text: parks

text: and

text: wherever

text: the

text: emperor

text: made

text: an

text: outing

text: by

text: chariot

text: The

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: Guards

text: was

text: responsible

text: for

text: securing

text: and

text: patrolling

text: the

text: walls

text: towers

text: and

text: gates

text: of

text: the

text: imperial

text: palaces

text: The

text: Minister

text: Coachman

text: was

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: maintenance

text: of

text: imperial

text: stables

text: horses

text: carriages

text: and

text: coach

text: houses

text: for

text: the

text: emperor

text: and

text: his

text: palace

text: attendants

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: supply

text: of

text: horses

text: for

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: The

text: Minister

text: of

text: Justice

text: was

text: the

text: chief

text: official

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: upholding

text: administering

text: and

text: interpreting

text: the

text: law

text: The

text: Minister

text: Herald

text: was

text: the

text: chief

text: official

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: receiving

text: honored

text: guests

text: at

text: the

text: imperial

text: court

text: such

text: as

text: nobles

text: and

text: foreign

text: ambassadors

text: The

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: Imperial

text: Clan

text: oversaw

text: the

text: imperial

text: court

text: 's

text: interactions

text: with

text: the

text: empire

text: 's

text: nobility

text: and

text: extended

text: imperial

text: family

text: such

text: as

text: granting

text: fiefs

text: and

text: titles

text: The

text: Minister

text: of

text: Finance

text: was

text: the

text: treasurer

text: for

text: the

text: official

text: bureaucracy

text: and

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: who

text: handled

text: tax

text: revenues

text: and

text: set

text: standards

text: for

text: units

text: of

text: measurement

text: The

text: Minister

text: Steward

text: served

text: the

text: emperor

text: exclusively

text: providing

text: him

text: with

text: entertainment

text: and

text: amusements

text: proper

text: food

text: and

text: clothing

text: medicine

text: and

text: physical

text: care

text: valuables

text: and

text: equipment

question: Which individual had a duty to maintain the imperial stables?

answer: The Minister Coachman

text: The Minister Coachman

question: Which Minister had the responsibility to interpret laws in this period?

answer: The Minister of Justice

text: The Minister of Justice

question: Which Minister could an honored guest of the court be expected to see?

answer: The Minister Herald

text: The Minister Herald

question: Who provided  the emperor with sustenance and medical aid?

answer: The Minister Steward

text: The Minister Steward

question: Which individual held the responsibility to oversee the interactions of the empire's nobles with the court?

answer: The Minister of the Imperial Clan

text: The Minister of the Imperial Clan


text: The College's endowment is sub-divided into three distinct portfolios: (i) Unitised Scheme – a unit trust vehicle for College, Faculties and Departments to invest endowments and unfettered income to produce returns for the long term; (ii) Non-Core Property – a portfolio containing around 120 operational and developmental properties which College has determined are not core to the academic mission; and (iii) Strategic Asset Investments – containing College’s shareholding in Imperial Innovations and other restricted equity holdings. During the year 2014/15, the market value of the endowment increased by £78 million (18%) to £512.4 million on 31 July 2015.

title: Imperial_College_London

title: Imperial_College_London

text: The

text: College

text: 's

text: endowment

text: is

text: sub

text: divided

text: into

text: three

text: distinct

text: portfolios

text: i

text: Unitised

text: Scheme

text: a

text: unit

text: trust

text: vehicle

text: for

text: College

text: Faculties

text: and

text: Departments

text: to

text: invest

text: endowments

text: and

text: unfettered

text: income

text: to

text: produce

text: returns

text: for

text: the

text: long

text: term

text: ii

text: Non

text: Core

text: Property

text: a

text: portfolio

text: containing

text: around

text: operational

text: and

text: developmental

text: properties

text: which

text: College

text: has

text: determined

text: are

text: not

text: core

text: to

text: the

text: academic

text: mission

text: and

text: iii

text: Strategic

text: Asset

text: Investments

text: containing

text: College

text: ’s

text: shareholding

text: in

text: Imperial

text: Innovations

text: and

text: other

text: restricted

text: equity

text: holdings

text: During

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: market

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: endowment

text: increased

text: by

text: million

text: to

text: million

text: on

text: July

question: What was the market value of the endowment the college received on July 31, 2015?

answer: £512.4 million

text: £512.4 million

question: What is a "Unitised Scheme"?

answer: a unit trust vehicle for College, Faculties and Departments to invest endowments and unfettered income to produce returns for the long term

text: a unit trust vehicle for College, Faculties and Departments to invest endowments and unfettered income to produce returns for the long term

question: How much did the market value of the college's endowment increase between 2014 and 2015?

answer: £78 million

text: £78 million

question: How many percent did the college's endowment market value increase from 2014 to 2015?

answer: 18%

question: How many distinct portfolios is the College's endownment divided into?

answer: three

text: three

question: What is the term that represents a unit trust vehicle that allows endowments to be invested to produce returns for the lon term?

answer: Unitised Scheme

text: Unitised Scheme

question: The 120 operational and developmental properties within the college that are not core to the academic mission belong to which portfolio?

answer: Non-Core Property

text: Non-Core Property

question: The College's restricted equity holdings would be considered a part of which portion of the portfolio?

answer: Strategic Asset Investments

text: Strategic Asset Investments

question: How much did the market value of the endowment increase by during the year 2014/2015?

answer: £78 million

text: £78 million


text: Annual precipitation is 40 inches (1,020 mm) which is fairly spread throughout the year. Owing to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location in South Jersey, Atlantic City receives less snow than a good portion of the rest of New Jersey. Even at the airport, where low temperatures are often much lower than along the coast, snow averages only 16.5 inches (41.9 cm) each winter. It is very common for rain to fall in Atlantic City while the northern and western parts of the state are receiving snow.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: Annual

text: precipitation

text: is

text: inches

text: mm

text: which

text: is

text: fairly

text: spread

text: throughout

text: the

text: year

text: Owing

text: to

text: its

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: and

text: its

text: location

text: in

text: South

text: Jersey

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: receives

text: less

text: snow

text: than

text: a

text: good

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: New

text: Jersey

text: Even

text: at

text: the

text: airport

text: where

text: low

text: temperatures

text: are

text: often

text: much

text: lower

text: than

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: snow

text: averages

text: only

text: inches

text: cm

text: each

text: winter

text: It

text: is

text: very

text: common

text: for

text: rain

text: to

text: fall

text: in

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: while

text: the

text: northern

text: and

text: western

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: are

text: receiving

text: snow

question: How many inches of precipitation does Atlantic City receive annually?

answer: 40 inches

text: 40 inches

question: What is the average number of inches of snow received at the airport annually?

answer: 16.5 inches

text: 16.5 inches

question: Atlantic City's lack of snowfall is due to its location in South Jersey and its proximaty to which body of water?

answer: Atlantic Ocean

text: Atlantic Ocean

question: Atlantic City's lack of snowfall is due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location where?

answer: South Jersey

text: South Jersey

question: Atlantic City is different from the northern and western parts of the state in the winter due to its tendency to receive which type of precipitation?

answer: rain

text: rain


text: While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: While

text: all

text: dogs

text: are

text: genetically

text: very

text: similar

text: natural

text: selection

text: and

text: selective

text: breeding

text: have

text: reinforced

text: certain

text: characteristics

text: in

text: certain

text: populations

text: of

text: dogs

text: giving

text: rise

text: to

text: dog

text: types

text: and

text: dog

text: breeds

text: Dog

text: types

text: are

text: broad

text: categories

text: based

text: on

text: function

text: genetics

text: or

text: characteristics

text: Dog

text: breeds

text: are

text: groups

text: of

text: animals

text: that

text: possess

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: inherited

text: characteristics

text: that

text: distinguishes

text: them

text: from

text: other

text: animals

text: within

text: the

text: same

text: species

text: Modern

text: dog

text: breeds

text: are

text: non

text: scientific

text: classifications

text: of

text: dogs

text: kept

text: by

text: modern

text: kennel

text: clubs

question: Natural selection and what makes certain dogs behave certain ways?

answer: selective breeding

text: selective breeding

question: What distinguishes different types of dogs from one another?

answer: breed

text: breed

question: Who keeps classifications of different dog breeds?

answer: modern kennel clubs.

text: modern kennel clubs.

question: What is responsible for different dog types and breeds today?

answer: natural selection and selective breeding

text: natural selection and selective breeding

question: Animals that share characteristics that are different than what other animals in that species have is known as what?

answer: breeds

text: breeds

question: Modern dog breeds are what type of classification which is maintained by modern kennel clubs?

answer: non-scientific

text: non-scientific


text: New York City is home to Fort Hamilton, the U.S. military's only active duty installation within the city. Established in 1825 in Brooklyn on the site of a small battery utilized during the American Revolution, it is one of America's longest serving military forts. Today Fort Hamilton serves as the headquarters of the North Atlantic Division of the United States Army Corps of Engineers as well as for the New York City Recruiting Battalion. It also houses the 1179th Transportation Brigade, the 722nd Aeromedical Staging Squadron, and a military entrance processing station. Other formerly active military reservations still utilized for National Guard and military training or reserve operations in the city include Fort Wadsworth in Staten Island and Fort Totten in Queens.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: Fort

text: Hamilton

text: the

text: U.S.

text: military

text: 's

text: only

text: active

text: duty

text: installation

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: Established

text: in

text: in

text: Brooklyn

text: on

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: a

text: small

text: battery

text: utilized

text: during

text: the

text: American

text: Revolution

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: longest

text: serving

text: military

text: forts

text: Today

text: Fort

text: Hamilton

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: Division

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Army

text: Corps

text: of

text: Engineers

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: for

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Recruiting

text: Battalion

text: It

text: also

text: houses

text: the

text: Transportation

text: Brigade

text: the

text: Aeromedical

text: Staging

text: Squadron

text: and

text: a

text: military

text: entrance

text: processing

text: station

text: Other

text: formerly

text: active

text: military

text: reservations

text: still

text: utilized

text: for

text: National

text: Guard

text: and

text: military

text: training

text: or

text: reserve

text: operations

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: include

text: Fort

text: Wadsworth

text: in

text: Staten

text: Island

text: and

text: Fort

text: Totten

text: in

text: Queens

question: What is the name of the military base in New York City?

answer: Fort Hamilton

text: Fort Hamilton

question: In what year was Fort Hamilton founded?

answer: 1825

question: In what borough is Fort Hamilton located?

answer: Brooklyn

text: Brooklyn

question: What division is based at Fort Hamilton?

answer: North Atlantic Division

text: North Atlantic Division

question: What brigade is headquartered at Fort Hamilton?

answer: 1179th Transportation Brigade

text: 1179th Transportation Brigade

question: The U.S. military has only one active location in NYC named what?

answer: Fort Hamilton

text: Fort Hamilton

question: When was Fort Hamilton built?

answer: 1825

question: Which borough can Fort Hamilton be found?

answer: Brooklyn

text: Brooklyn

question: Fort Wadsworth and Fort Totten are located in which area of New York City?

answer: Queens

text: Queens


text: For his second album, Late Registration (2005), he collaborated with film score composer Jon Brion and drew influence from non-rap influences such as English trip hop group Portishead. Blending West's primary soulful hip hop production with Brion's elaborate chamber pop orchestration, the album experimentally incorporated a wide array of different genres and prominent orchestral elements, including string arrangements, piano chords, brass flecks, and horn riffs among other symphonic instrumentation. It also incorporated a myriad of foreign and vintage instruments not typical in popular music, let alone hip hop, such as a celesta, harpsichord, Chamberlin, CS-80 analog synthesizer, Chinese bells and berimbau, vibraphones, and marimba. Rolling Stone described Late Registration as West claiming "the whole world of music as hip-hop turf" chronicling the album as "his mad quest to explode every cliché about hip-hop identity." Critic Robert Christgau wrote that "there's never been hip-hop so complex and subtle musically." For a period of time, Kanye West stood as the sole current pop star to tour with a string section, as audible on his 2006 live album Late Orchestration.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: For

text: his

text: second

text: album

text: Late

text: Registration

text: he

text: collaborated

text: with

text: film

text: score

text: composer

text: Jon

text: Brion

text: and

text: drew

text: influence

text: from

text: non

text: rap

text: influences

text: such

text: as

text: English

text: trip

text: hop

text: group

text: Portishead

text: Blending

text: West

text: 's

text: primary

text: soulful

text: hip

text: hop

text: production

text: with

text: Brion

text: 's

text: elaborate

text: chamber

text: pop

text: orchestration

text: the

text: album

text: experimentally

text: incorporated

text: a

text: wide

text: array

text: of

text: different

text: genres

text: and

text: prominent

text: orchestral

text: elements

text: including

text: string

text: arrangements

text: piano

text: chords

text: brass

text: flecks

text: and

text: horn

text: riffs

text: among

text: other

text: symphonic

text: instrumentation

text: It

text: also

text: incorporated

text: a

text: myriad

text: of

text: foreign

text: and

text: vintage

text: instruments

text: not

text: typical

text: in

text: popular

text: music

text: let

text: alone

text: hip

text: hop

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: celesta

text: harpsichord

text: Chamberlin

text: analog

text: synthesizer

text: Chinese

text: bells

text: and

text: berimbau

text: vibraphones

text: and

text: marimba

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: described

text: Late

text: Registration

text: as

text: West

text: claiming

text: the

text: whole

text: world

text: of

text: music

text: as

text: hip

text: hop

text: turf

text: chronicling

text: the

text: album

text: as

text: his

text: mad

text: quest

text: to

text: explode

text: every

text: cliché

text: about

text: hip

text: hop

text: identity

text: Critic

text: Robert

text: Christgau

text: wrote

text: that

text: there

text: 's

text: never

text: been

text: hip

text: hop

text: so

text: complex

text: and

text: subtle

text: musically

text: For

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: Kanye

text: West

text: stood

text: as

text: the

text: sole

text: current

text: pop

text: star

text: to

text: tour

text: with

text: a

text: string

text: section

text: as

text: audible

text: on

text: his

text: live

text: album

text: Late

text: Orchestration

question: What composer did Kanye collaborate with for his second record?

answer: Jon Brion

text: Jon Brion

question: What classical elements did Brion bring to the production of Kanye's album?

answer: orchestral elements, including string arrangements, piano chords, brass flecks, and horn riffs among other symphonic instrumentation

text: orchestral elements, including string arrangements, piano chords, brass flecks, and horn riffs among other symphonic instrumentation

question: What sort of orchestra did Kanye tour with while promoting his second album?

answer: a string section

text: a string section

question: What composer did Kanye West work with for his second album?

answer: Jon Brion

text: Jon Brion

question: What English trip-hop group helped influence Kanye on his second album?

answer: Portishead

text: Portishead


text: The Alps are a habitat for 30,000 species of wildlife, ranging from the tiniest snow fleas to brown bears, many of which have made adaptations to the harsh cold conditions and high altitudes to the point that some only survive in specific micro-climates either directly above or below the snow line.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: The

text: Alps

text: are

text: a

text: habitat

text: for

text: species

text: of

text: wildlife

text: ranging

text: from

text: the

text: tiniest

text: snow

text: fleas

text: to

text: brown

text: bears

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: have

text: made

text: adaptations

text: to

text: the

text: harsh

text: cold

text: conditions

text: and

text: high

text: altitudes

text: to

text: the

text: point

text: that

text: some

text: only

text: survive

text: in

text: specific

text: micro

text: climates

text: either

text: directly

text: above

text: or

text: below

text: the

text: snow

text: line

question: How many species of wildlife habitat the Alps?

answer: 30,000 species

text: 30,000 species

question: What have the wildlife done to survive the harsh conditions of the Alps?

answer: made adaptations

text: made adaptations

question: Some species of wildlife can only survive in what specific environment?

answer: directly above or below the snow line

text: directly above or below the snow line


text: Von Neumann's principal contribution to the atomic bomb was in the concept and design of the explosive lenses needed to compress the plutonium core of the Fat Man weapon that was later dropped on Nagasaki. While von Neumann did not originate the "implosion" concept, he was one of its most persistent proponents, encouraging its continued development against the instincts of many of his colleagues, who felt such a design to be unworkable. He also eventually came up with the idea of using more powerful shaped charges and less fissionable material to greatly increase the speed of "assembly".

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: 's

text: principal

text: contribution

text: to

text: the

text: atomic

text: bomb

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: concept

text: and

text: design

text: of

text: the

text: explosive

text: lenses

text: needed

text: to

text: compress

text: the

text: plutonium

text: core

text: of

text: the

text: Fat

text: Man

text: weapon

text: that

text: was

text: later

text: dropped

text: on

text: Nagasaki

text: While

text: von

text: Neumann

text: did

text: not

text: originate

text: the

text: implosion

text: concept

text: he

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: most

text: persistent

text: proponents

text: encouraging

text: its

text: continued

text: development

text: against

text: the

text: instincts

text: of

text: many

text: of

text: his

text: colleagues

text: who

text: felt

text: such

text: a

text: design

text: to

text: be

text: unworkable

text: He

text: also

text: eventually

text: came

text: up

text: with

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: using

text: more

text: powerful

text: shaped

text: charges

text: and

text: less

text: fissionable

text: material

text: to

text: greatly

text: increase

text: the

text: speed

text: of

text: assembly

question: What principal contribution did von Neumann make to atomic bomb?

answer: concept and design of the explosive lenses needed to compress the plutonium core

text: concept and design of the explosive lenses needed to compress the plutonium core

question: Did von Nemann think that the atomic bomb design was not workable?

answer: he was one of its most persistent proponents, encouraging its continued development

text: he was one of its most persistent proponents, encouraging its continued development

question: What additional ideas did von Neumann contribute to Atomic bomb?

answer: more powerful shaped charges and less fissionable material to greatly increase the speed of "assembly"

text: more powerful shaped charges and less fissionable material to greatly increase the speed of "assembly"


text: However, William Woodthorpe Tarn, between World War I and World War II and the heyday of the League of Nations, focused on the issues of racial and cultural confrontation and the nature of colonial rule. Michael Rostovtzeff, who fled the Russian Revolution, concentrated predominantly on the rise of the capitalist bourgeoisie in areas of Greek rule. Arnaldo Momigliano, an Italian Jew who wrote before and after the Second World War, studied the problem of mutual understanding between races in the conquered areas. Moses Hadas portrayed an optimistic picture of synthesis of culture from the perspective of the 1950s, while Frank William Walbank in the 1960s and 1970s had a materialistic approach to the Hellenistic period, focusing mainly on class relations. Recently, however, papyrologist C. Préaux has concentrated predominantly on the economic system, interactions between kings and cities and provides a generally pessimistic view on the period. Peter Green, on the other hand, writes from the point of view of late 20th century liberalism, his focus being on individualism, the breakdown of convention, experiments and a postmodern disillusionment with all institutions and political processes.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: However

text: William

text: Woodthorpe

text: Tarn

text: between

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: and

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: and

text: the

text: heyday

text: of

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Nations

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: issues

text: of

text: racial

text: and

text: cultural

text: confrontation

text: and

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: colonial

text: rule

text: Michael

text: Rostovtzeff

text: who

text: fled

text: the

text: Russian

text: Revolution

text: concentrated

text: predominantly

text: on

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: capitalist

text: bourgeoisie

text: in

text: areas

text: of

text: Greek

text: rule

text: Arnaldo

text: Momigliano

text: an

text: Italian

text: Jew

text: who

text: wrote

text: before

text: and

text: after

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: studied

text: the

text: problem

text: of

text: mutual

text: understanding

text: between

text: races

text: in

text: the

text: conquered

text: areas

text: Moses

text: Hadas

text: portrayed

text: an

text: optimistic

text: picture

text: of

text: synthesis

text: of

text: culture

text: from

text: the

text: perspective

text: of

text: the

text: while

text: Frank

text: William

text: Walbank

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: had

text: a

text: materialistic

text: approach

text: to

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: focusing

text: mainly

text: on

text: class

text: relations

text: Recently

text: however

text: papyrologist

text: C.

text: Préaux

text: has

text: concentrated

text: predominantly

text: on

text: the

text: economic

text: system

text: interactions

text: between

text: kings

text: and

text: cities

text: and

text: provides

text: a

text: generally

text: pessimistic

text: view

text: on

text: the

text: period

text: Peter

text: Green

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: writes

text: from

text: the

text: point

text: of

text: view

text: of

text: late

text: century

text: liberalism

text: his

text: focus

text: being

text: on

text: individualism

text: the

text: breakdown

text: of

text: convention

text: experiments

text: and

text: a

text: postmodern

text: disillusionment

text: with

text: all

text: institutions

text: and

text: political

text: processes

question: Who focused on the issue of racial and cultural confrontation?

answer: William Woodthorpe Tarn

text: William Woodthorpe Tarn

question: Which organization did Michael Rostovtzeff flee from?

answer: Russian Revolution

text: Russian Revolution

question: Who studied the problem mutual understanding between races in conquered areas?

answer: Arnaldo Momigliano

text: Arnaldo Momigliano

question: Frank William Walbank mainly focused on which relations in his depictions of Hellinistic culture?

answer: class

text: class

question: Whish Hellinistic historian focused primarely on the economic system?

answer: C. Préaux

text: C. Préaux


text: Eleven days after the Soviet invasion of the Polish Kresy, the secret protocol of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact was modified by the German–Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Demarcation,) allotting Germany a larger part of Poland and transferring Lithuania's territory (with the exception of left bank of river Scheschupe, the "Lithuanian Strip") from the envisioned German sphere to the Soviets. On 28 September 1939, the Soviet Union and German Reich issued a joint declaration in which they declared:

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: Eleven

text: days

text: after

text: the

text: Soviet

text: invasion

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: Kresy

text: the

text: secret

text: protocol

text: of

text: the

text: Molotov

text: Ribbentrop

text: Pact

text: was

text: modified

text: by

text: the

text: German

text: Soviet

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Friendship

text: Cooperation

text: and

text: Demarcation

text: allotting

text: Germany

text: a

text: larger

text: part

text: of

text: Poland

text: and

text: transferring

text: Lithuania

text: 's

text: territory

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: left

text: bank

text: of

text: river

text: Scheschupe

text: the

text: Lithuanian

text: Strip

text: from

text: the

text: envisioned

text: German

text: sphere

text: to

text: the

text: Soviets

text: On

text: September

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: German

text: Reich

text: issued

text: a

text: joint

text: declaration

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: declared

question: After amending the joint agreement, who received the larger portion of Lithuania?

answer: Germany

text: Germany

question: What was the amended joint agreement called?

answer: German–Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Demarcation

text: German–Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Demarcation

question: How long after the annexation of Kresy was the amendment made?

answer: Eleven days

text: Eleven days


text: French infantry were equipped with the breech-loading Chassepot rifle, one of the most modern mass-produced firearms in the world at the time. With a rubber ring seal and a smaller bullet, the Chassepot had a maximum effective range of some 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) with a short reloading time. French tactics emphasised the defensive use of the Chassepot rifle in trench-warfare style fighting—the so-called feu de bataillon. The artillery was equipped with rifled, muzzle-loaded La Hitte guns. The army also possessed a precursor to the machine-gun: the mitrailleuse, which could unleash significant, concentrated firepower but nevertheless lacked range and was comparatively immobile, and thus prone to being easily overrun. The mitrailleuse was mounted on an artillery gun carriage and grouped in batteries in a similar fashion to cannon.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: French

text: infantry

text: were

text: equipped

text: with

text: the

text: breech

text: loading

text: Chassepot

text: rifle

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: modern

text: mass

text: produced

text: firearms

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: With

text: a

text: rubber

text: ring

text: seal

text: and

text: a

text: smaller

text: bullet

text: the

text: Chassepot

text: had

text: a

text: maximum

text: effective

text: range

text: of

text: some

text: metres

text: ft

text: with

text: a

text: short

text: reloading

text: time

text: French

text: tactics

text: emphasised

text: the

text: defensive

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: Chassepot

text: rifle

text: in

text: trench

text: warfare

text: style

text: fighting

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: feu

text: de

text: bataillon

text: The

text: artillery

text: was

text: equipped

text: with

text: rifled

text: muzzle

text: loaded

text: La

text: Hitte

text: guns

text: The

text: army

text: also

text: possessed

text: a

text: precursor

text: to

text: the

text: machine

text: gun

text: the

text: mitrailleuse

text: which

text: could

text: unleash

text: significant

text: concentrated

text: firepower

text: but

text: nevertheless

text: lacked

text: range

text: and

text: was

text: comparatively

text: immobile

text: and

text: thus

text: prone

text: to

text: being

text: easily

text: overrun

text: The

text: mitrailleuse

text: was

text: mounted

text: on

text: an

text: artillery

text: gun

text: carriage

text: and

text: grouped

text: in

text: batteries

text: in

text: a

text: similar

text: fashion

text: to

text: cannon

question: What modern, mass-produced weapon were the French infantry provided?

answer: Chassepot rifle

text: Chassepot rifle

question: What was the maximum effective range of the Chassepot rifle?

answer: 1,500 metres (4,900 ft)

text: 1,500 metres (4,900 ft)

question: In which type of warfare did the French best utilize the Chassepot?

answer: trench-warfare

text: trench-warfare

question: What precedent of the machine gun did the French troops also possess?

answer: the mitrailleuse

text: the mitrailleuse

question: On what was the mitrailleuse mounted?

answer: on an artillery gun carriage

text: on an artillery gun carriage


text: At the decision-making point of their lives, youth is susceptible to drug addiction, sexual abuse, peer pressure, violent crimes and other illegal activities. Developmental Intervention Science (DIS) is a fusion of the literature of both developmental and intervention sciences. This association conducts youth interventions that mutually assist both the needs of the community as well as psychologically stranded youth by focusing on risky and inappropriate behaviors while promoting positive self-development along with self-esteem among adolescents.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: At

text: the

text: decision

text: making

text: point

text: of

text: their

text: lives

text: youth

text: is

text: susceptible

text: to

text: drug

text: addiction

text: sexual

text: abuse

text: peer

text: pressure

text: violent

text: crimes

text: and

text: other

text: illegal

text: activities

text: Developmental

text: Intervention

text: Science

text: DIS

text: is

text: a

text: fusion

text: of

text: the

text: literature

text: of

text: both

text: developmental

text: and

text: intervention

text: sciences

text: This

text: association

text: conducts

text: youth

text: interventions

text: that

text: mutually

text: assist

text: both

text: the

text: needs

text: of

text: the

text: community

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: psychologically

text: stranded

text: youth

text: by

text: focusing

text: on

text: risky

text: and

text: inappropriate

text: behaviors

text: while

text: promoting

text: positive

text: self

text: development

text: along

text: with

text: self

text: esteem

text: among

text: adolescents

question: What is DIS?

answer: a fusion of the literature of both developmental and intervention sciences

text: a fusion of the literature of both developmental and intervention sciences

question: What are some of the negative things adolescents are susceptible to?

answer: drug addiction, sexual abuse, peer pressure, violent crimes and other illegal activities

text: drug addiction, sexual abuse, peer pressure, violent crimes and other illegal activities

question: What does the DIS focus on in adolescents?

answer: risky and inappropriate behaviors

text: risky and inappropriate behaviors


text: Oklahoma is the 20th largest state in the United States, covering an area of 69,898 square miles (181,035 km2), with 68,667 square miles (177847 km2) of land and 1,281 square miles (3,188 km2) of water. It is one of six states on the Frontier Strip and lies partly in the Great Plains near the geographical center of the 48 contiguous states. It is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri, on the north by Kansas, on the northwest by Colorado, on the far west by New Mexico, and on the south and near-west by Texas.

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: Oklahoma

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: covering

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: square

text: miles

text: with

text: square

text: miles

text: of

text: land

text: and

text: square

text: miles

text: of

text: water

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: six

text: states

text: on

text: the

text: Frontier

text: Strip

text: and

text: lies

text: partly

text: in

text: the

text: Great

text: Plains

text: near

text: the

text: geographical

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: contiguous

text: states

text: It

text: is

text: bounded

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: by

text: Arkansas

text: and

text: Missouri

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: by

text: Kansas

text: on

text: the

text: northwest

text: by

text: Colorado

text: on

text: the

text: far

text: west

text: by

text: New

text: Mexico

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: near

text: west

text: by

text: Texas

question: Where does Oklahoma rank by land area?

answer: 20th

question: How many square miles is Oklahoma?

answer: 69,898

question: How many square miles of water is in Oklahoma?

answer: 1,281

question: How many states are on the Frontier Strip?

answer: six

text: six

question: Which state is north of Oklahoma?

answer: Kansas

text: Kansas


text: An exception to the usual European qualification system happened in 2005, after Liverpool won the Champions League the year before, but did not finish in a Champions League qualification place in the Premier League that season. UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League, giving England five qualifiers. UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing. However, for those leagues with four entrants in the Champions League, this meant that if the Champions League winner finished outside the top four in its domestic league, it would qualify at the expense of the fourth-placed team in the league. No association can have more than four entrants in the Champions League. This occurred in 2012, when Chelsea – who had won the Champions League the previous year, but finished sixth in the league – qualified for the Champions League in place of Tottenham Hotspur, who went into the Europa League.

title: Premier_League

title: Premier_League

text: An

text: exception

text: to

text: the

text: usual

text: European

text: qualification

text: system

text: happened

text: in

text: after

text: Liverpool

text: won

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: the

text: year

text: before

text: but

text: did

text: not

text: finish

text: in

text: a

text: Champions

text: League

text: qualification

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: that

text: season

text: UEFA

text: gave

text: special

text: dispensation

text: for

text: Liverpool

text: to

text: enter

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: giving

text: England

text: five

text: qualifiers

text: UEFA

text: subsequently

text: ruled

text: that

text: the

text: defending

text: champions

text: qualify

text: for

text: the

text: competition

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: regardless

text: of

text: their

text: domestic

text: league

text: placing

text: However

text: for

text: those

text: leagues

text: with

text: four

text: entrants

text: in

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: this

text: meant

text: that

text: if

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: winner

text: finished

text: outside

text: the

text: top

text: four

text: in

text: its

text: domestic

text: league

text: it

text: would

text: qualify

text: at

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: the

text: fourth

text: placed

text: team

text: in

text: the

text: league

text: No

text: association

text: can

text: have

text: more

text: than

text: four

text: entrants

text: in

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: This

text: occurred

text: in

text: when

text: Chelsea

text: who

text: had

text: won

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: the

text: previous

text: year

text: but

text: finished

text: sixth

text: in

text: the

text: league

text: qualified

text: for

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: in

text: place

text: of

text: Tottenham

text: Hotspur

text: who

text: went

text: into

text: the

text: Europa

text: League

question: Which team did not qualifty for Champions League in 2005 but was able to particpate?

answer: UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League

text: UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League

question: Did the Liverpool Club place in the Champions League in 2005?

answer: in 2005, after Liverpool won the Champions League the year before, but did not finish in a Champions League qualification place

text: in 2005, after Liverpool won the Champions League the year before, but did not finish in a Champions League qualification place

question: How many qualifiers did England have for the Champions League in 2005?

answer: UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League, giving England five qualifiers.

text: UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League, giving England five qualifiers.

question: Do defending champtions get to play in the following year's Champions League if they don't have enough wins to qualify

answer: UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing.

text: UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing.

question: How many winning teams from an association can participate in the Champions League?

answer: No association can have more than four entrants in the Champions League

text: No association can have more than four entrants in the Champions League

question: Which team received special dispensation from the UEFA in 2005 so they could enter the Champions League?

answer: Liverpool

text: Liverpool

question: Who did UEFA rule should automatically qualify for the Champions League?

answer: the defending champions

text: the defending champions

question: At which team's expense does the previous champion's automatic entry into the Champions League without placing in the top four come?

answer: the fourth-placed team

text: the fourth-placed team

question: In 2012, which team was automatically qualified for the champion's league even though they did not place in the top four?

answer: Chelsea

text: Chelsea

question: Which team was denied entry into the Champions League in 2012 due to being bumped out of the running by the defending champion?

answer: Tottenham Hotspur

text: Tottenham Hotspur


text: In 2010 there was an attempt to register a 51st State Party with the New Zealand Electoral Commission. The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America. The party's secretary is Paulus Telfer, a former Christchurch mayoral candidate. On February 5, 2010, the party applied to register a logo with the Electoral Commission. The logo – a US flag with 51 stars – was rejected by the Electoral Commission on the grounds that it was likely to cause confusion or mislead electors. As of 2014[update], the party remains unregistered and cannot appear on a ballot.

title: 51st_state

title: 51st_state

text: In

text: there

text: was

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: register

text: a

text: State

text: Party

text: with

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Electoral

text: Commission

text: The

text: party

text: advocates

text: New

text: Zealand

text: becoming

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: The

text: party

text: 's

text: secretary

text: is

text: Paulus

text: Telfer

text: a

text: former

text: Christchurch

text: mayoral

text: candidate

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: party

text: applied

text: to

text: register

text: a

text: logo

text: with

text: the

text: Electoral

text: Commission

text: The

text: logo

text: a

text: US

text: flag

text: with

text: stars

text: was

text: rejected

text: by

text: the

text: Electoral

text: Commission

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: likely

text: to

text: cause

text: confusion

text: or

text: mislead

text: electors

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: party

text: remains

text: unregistered

text: and

text: can

text: not

text: appear

text: on

text: a

text: ballot

question: When did the 51st State Party attempt to register in New Zealand?

answer: 2010

question: Who is the secretary of the 51st State Party?

answer: Paulus Telfer

text: Paulus Telfer

question: What does the 51st State Party advocate?

answer: The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America

text: The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America

question: Can people in New Zealand vote for the 51st State Party?

answer: the party remains unregistered and cannot appear on a ballot.

text: the party remains unregistered and cannot appear on a ballot.


text: There were 72.1 million visitors to the city's museums and monuments in 2013. The city's top tourist attraction was the Notre Dame Cathedral, which welcomed 14 million visitors in 2013. The Louvre museum had more than 9.2 million visitors in 2013, making it the most visited museum in the world. The other top cultural attractions in Paris in 2013 were the Basilique du Sacré-Cœur (10.5 million visitors); the Eiffel Tower (6,740,000 visitors); the Centre Pompidou (3,745,000 visitors) and Musée d'Orsay (3,467,000 visitors). In the Paris region, Disneyland Paris, in Marne-la-Vallée, 32 km (20 miles) east of the centre of Paris, was the most visited tourist attraction in France, with 14.9 million visitors in 2013.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: There

text: were

text: million

text: visitors

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: museums

text: and

text: monuments

text: in

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: top

text: tourist

text: attraction

text: was

text: the

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: Cathedral

text: which

text: welcomed

text: million

text: visitors

text: in

text: The

text: Louvre

text: museum

text: had

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: visitors

text: in

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: visited

text: museum

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: other

text: top

text: cultural

text: attractions

text: in

text: Paris

text: in

text: were

text: the

text: Basilique

text: du

text: Sacré

text: Cœur

text: million

text: visitors

text: the

text: Eiffel

text: Tower

text: visitors

text: the

text: Centre

text: Pompidou

text: visitors

text: and

text: Musée

text: d'Orsay

text: visitors

text: In

text: the

text: Paris

text: region

text: Disneyland

text: Paris

text: in

text: Marne

text: la

text: Vallée

text: km

text: miles

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: Paris

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: visited

text: tourist

text: attraction

text: in

text: France

text: with

text: million

text: visitors

text: in

question: How many people visited Paris' museums and monuments in 2013?

answer: 72.1 million

text: 72.1 million

question: What is Paris' top tourist attraction?

answer: Notre Dame Cathedral

text: Notre Dame Cathedral

question: How many people visited the Louvre in 2013?

answer: 9.2 million

text: 9.2 million

question: What is the most popular tourist attraction in Marne-la-Valee?

answer: Disneyland Paris

text: Disneyland Paris


text: Barbershop music is one of several uniquely American art forms. The earliest reports of this style of a cappella music involved African Americans. The earliest documented quartets all began in barbershops. In 1938, the first formal men's barbershop organization was formed, known as the Society for the Preservation and Encouragement of Barber Shop Quartet Singing in America (S.P.E.B.S.Q.S.A), and in 2004 rebranded itself and officially changed its public name to the Barbershop Harmony Society (BHS). Today the BHS has over 22,000 members in approximately 800 chapters across the United States, and the barbershop style has spread around the world with organizations in many other countries. The Barbershop Harmony Society provides a highly organized competition structure for a cappella quartets and choruses singing in the barbershop style.

title: A_cappella

title: A_cappella

text: Barbershop

text: music

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: several

text: uniquely

text: American

text: art

text: forms

text: The

text: earliest

text: reports

text: of

text: this

text: style

text: of

text: a

text: cappella

text: music

text: involved

text: African

text: Americans

text: The

text: earliest

text: documented

text: quartets

text: all

text: began

text: in

text: barbershops

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: formal

text: men

text: 's

text: barbershop

text: organization

text: was

text: formed

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Society

text: for

text: the

text: Preservation

text: and

text: Encouragement

text: of

text: Barber

text: Shop

text: Quartet

text: Singing

text: in

text: America

text: S.P.E.B.S.Q.S.A

text: and

text: in

text: rebranded

text: itself

text: and

text: officially

text: changed

text: its

text: public

text: name

text: to

text: the

text: Barbershop

text: Harmony

text: Society

text: BHS

text: Today

text: the

text: BHS

text: has

text: over

text: members

text: in

text: approximately

text: chapters

text: across

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: barbershop

text: style

text: has

text: spread

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: organizations

text: in

text: many

text: other

text: countries

text: The

text: Barbershop

text: Harmony

text: Society

text: provides

text: a

text: highly

text: organized

text: competition

text: structure

text: for

text: a

text: cappella

text: quartets

text: and

text: choruses

text: singing

text: in

text: the

text: barbershop

text: style

question: What type of a cappella music is specific to American culture?

answer: Barbershop music

text: Barbershop music

question: What did the a cappella organization founded in 1938 change its name to in 2004?

answer: Barbershop Harmony Society

text: Barbershop Harmony Society

question: How many people currently have membership to the BHS?

answer: over 22,000

text: over 22,000

question: What racial group was primarily involved in babershop a cappella in its earliest days?

answer: African Americans

text: African Americans

question: What were the initials of the BHS before it changes its name in 2004?

answer: S.P.E.B.S.Q.S.A

text: S.P.E.B.S.Q.S.A


text: The Luftwaffe's poor intelligence meant that their aircraft were not always able to locate their targets, and thus attacks on factories and airfields failed to achieve the desired results. British fighter aircraft production continued at a rate surpassing Germany's by 2 to 1. The British produced 10,000 aircraft in 1940, in comparison to Germany's 8,000. The replacement of pilots and aircrew was more difficult. Both the RAF and Luftwaffe struggled to replace manpower losses, though the Germans had larger reserves of trained aircrew. The circumstances affected the Germans more than the British. Operating over home territory, British flyers could fly again if they survived being shot down. German crews, even if they survived, faced capture. Moreover, bombers had four to five crewmen on board, representing a greater loss of manpower. On 7 September, the Germans shifted away from the destruction of the RAF's supporting structures. German intelligence suggested Fighter Command was weakening, and an attack on London would force it into a final battle of annihilation while compelling the British Government to surrender.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: The

text: Luftwaffe

text: 's

text: poor

text: intelligence

text: meant

text: that

text: their

text: aircraft

text: were

text: not

text: always

text: able

text: to

text: locate

text: their

text: targets

text: and

text: thus

text: attacks

text: on

text: factories

text: and

text: airfields

text: failed

text: to

text: achieve

text: the

text: desired

text: results

text: British

text: fighter

text: aircraft

text: production

text: continued

text: at

text: a

text: rate

text: surpassing

text: Germany

text: 's

text: by

text: to

text: The

text: British

text: produced

text: aircraft

text: in

text: in

text: comparison

text: to

text: Germany

text: 's

text: The

text: replacement

text: of

text: pilots

text: and

text: aircrew

text: was

text: more

text: difficult

text: Both

text: the

text: RAF

text: and

text: Luftwaffe

text: struggled

text: to

text: replace

text: manpower

text: losses

text: though

text: the

text: Germans

text: had

text: larger

text: reserves

text: of

text: trained

text: aircrew

text: The

text: circumstances

text: affected

text: the

text: Germans

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: British

text: Operating

text: over

text: home

text: territory

text: British

text: flyers

text: could

text: fly

text: again

text: if

text: they

text: survived

text: being

text: shot

text: down

text: German

text: crews

text: even

text: if

text: they

text: survived

text: faced

text: capture

text: Moreover

text: bombers

text: had

text: four

text: to

text: five

text: crewmen

text: on

text: board

text: representing

text: a

text: greater

text: loss

text: of

text: manpower

text: On

text: September

text: the

text: Germans

text: shifted

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: the

text: RAF

text: 's

text: supporting

text: structures

text: German

text: intelligence

text: suggested

text: Fighter

text: Command

text: was

text: weakening

text: and

text: an

text: attack

text: on

text: London

text: would

text: force

text: it

text: into

text: a

text: final

text: battle

text: of

text: annihilation

text: while

text: compelling

text: the

text: British

text: Government

text: to

text: surrender

question: Why did the Luftwaffe fail to locate their targets?

answer: poor intelligence

text: poor intelligence

question: What did German crew members face if they were shot down over Britain?

answer: capture

text: capture

question: Britain's  fabrication  of fighter planes out paced Germany by what margin?

answer: 2 to 1

text: 2 to 1

question: How big was the crew of a bomber?

answer: four to five crewmen

text: four to five crewmen

question: How many aircraft did Britain produce in 1940?

answer: 10,000


text: 181st Street is served by two New York City Subway lines; there is a 181st Street station at Fort Washington Avenue on the IND Eighth Avenue Line (A trains) and a 181st Street station at St. Nicholas Avenue on the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line (1 trains). The stations are about 500 metres (550 yd) from each other and are not connected. The George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal is a couple of blocks south on Fort Washington Avenue. 181st Street is also the last south/west exit in New York on the Trans-Manhattan Expressway (I-95), just before crossing the George Washington Bridge to New Jersey.

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

text: Street

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: two

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Subway

text: lines

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: Street

text: station

text: at

text: Fort

text: Washington

text: Avenue

text: on

text: the

text: IND

text: Eighth

text: Avenue

text: Line

text: A

text: trains

text: and

text: a

text: Street

text: station

text: at

text: St.

text: Nicholas

text: Avenue

text: on

text: the

text: IRT

text: Broadway

text: Seventh

text: Avenue

text: Line

text: trains

text: The

text: stations

text: are

text: about

text: metres

text: yd

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: and

text: are

text: not

text: connected

text: The

text: George

text: Washington

text: Bridge

text: Bus

text: Terminal

text: is

text: a

text: couple

text: of

text: blocks

text: south

text: on

text: Fort

text: Washington

text: Avenue

text: Street

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: last

text: south

text: west

text: exit

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: on

text: the

text: Trans

text: Manhattan

text: Expressway

text: just

text: before

text: crossing

text: the

text: George

text: Washington

text: Bridge

text: to

text: New

text: Jersey

question: How many subway lines serve 181st Street?

answer: two

text: two

question: How many metres apart are 181st Street's two subway stations?

answer: 500

question: On what avenue is the George Wasington Bridge Bus Terminal?

answer: Fort Washington Avenue

text: Fort Washington Avenue

question: Which road is the Trans-Manhattan Expressway's last south/west exit?

answer: 181st Street

text: 181st Street