text: In the Contemporary era, there were various socio-technological trends. Regarding the 21st century and the late modern world, the Information age and computers were forefront in use, not completely ubiquitous but often present in daily life. The development of Eastern powers was of note, with China and India becoming more powerful. In the Eurasian theater, the European Union and Russian Federation were two forces recently developed. A concern for Western world, if not the whole world, was the late modern form of terrorism and the warfare that has resulted from the contemporary terrorist acts.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: In

text: the

text: Contemporary

text: era

text: there

text: were

text: various

text: socio

text: technological

text: trends

text: Regarding

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: the

text: late

text: modern

text: world

text: the

text: Information

text: age

text: and

text: computers

text: were

text: forefront

text: in

text: use

text: not

text: completely

text: ubiquitous

text: but

text: often

text: present

text: in

text: daily

text: life

text: The

text: development

text: of

text: Eastern

text: powers

text: was

text: of

text: note

text: with

text: China

text: and

text: India

text: becoming

text: more

text: powerful

text: In

text: the

text: Eurasian

text: theater

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: Russian

text: Federation

text: were

text: two

text: forces

text: recently

text: developed

text: A

text: concern

text: for

text: Western

text: world

text: if

text: not

text: the

text: whole

text: world

text: was

text: the

text: late

text: modern

text: form

text: of

text: terrorism

text: and

text: the

text: warfare

text: that

text: has

text: resulted

text: from

text: the

text: contemporary

text: terrorist

text: acts

question: In what era were there many socio-technological trends?

answer: Contemporary era

text: Contemporary era

question: The 21st century is refereed to as what?

answer: the Information age

text: the Information age

question: What device was used most during the The Information age?

answer: computers

text: computers

question: What was a major concern for Western civilization during the 21 century?

answer: terrorist acts

text: terrorist acts

question: In what time were there many socio-technological trends?

answer: Contemporary era

text: Contemporary era

question: What is the 21st century also known as?

answer: the Information age

text: the Information age

question: What device was used most during 21st century?

answer: computers

text: computers

question: What was considered a threat to Western civilization?

answer: terrorist acts

text: terrorist acts


text: The Papalote children's museum, which houses the world's largest dome screen, is located in the wooded park of Chapultepec, near the Museo Tecnológico, and La Feria amusement park. The theme park Six Flags México (the largest amusement park in Latin America) is located in the Ajusco neighborhood, in Tlalpan borough, southern Mexico City. During the winter, the main square of the Zócalo is transformed into a gigantic ice skating rink, which is said to be the largest in the world behind that of Moscow's Red Square.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: The

text: Papalote

text: children

text: 's

text: museum

text: which

text: houses

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: dome

text: screen

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: wooded

text: park

text: of

text: Chapultepec

text: near

text: the

text: Museo

text: Tecnológico

text: and

text: La

text: Feria

text: amusement

text: park

text: The

text: theme

text: park

text: Six

text: Flags

text: México

text: the

text: largest

text: amusement

text: park

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Ajusco

text: neighborhood

text: in

text: Tlalpan

text: borough

text: southern

text: Mexico

text: City

text: During

text: the

text: winter

text: the

text: main

text: square

text: of

text: the

text: Zócalo

text: is

text: transformed

text: into

text: a

text: gigantic

text: ice

text: skating

text: rink

text: which

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: behind

text: that

text: of

text: Moscow

text: 's

text: Red

text: Square

question: What makes the Papalote children's museum so famous?

answer: world's largest dome screen

text: world's largest dome screen

question: Where is the Papalote Children's Museum located?

answer: wooded park of Chapultepec

text: wooded park of Chapultepec

question: What is the largest amusement park in Latin America?

answer: Six Flags México

text: Six Flags México

question: What borough is Six Flags Mexico located?

answer: Tlalpan

text: Tlalpan

question: What city has the largest outdoor ice skating rink in the world?

answer: Moscow

text: Moscow


text: The radiation pattern and even the driving point impedance of an antenna can be influenced by the dielectric constant and especially conductivity of nearby objects. For a terrestrial antenna, the ground is usually one such object of importance. The antenna's height above the ground, as well as the electrical properties (permittivity and conductivity) of the ground, can then be important. Also, in the particular case of a monopole antenna, the ground (or an artificial ground plane) serves as the return connection for the antenna current thus having an additional effect, particularly on the impedance seen by the feed line.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: The

text: radiation

text: pattern

text: and

text: even

text: the

text: driving

text: point

text: impedance

text: of

text: an

text: antenna

text: can

text: be

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: dielectric

text: constant

text: and

text: especially

text: conductivity

text: of

text: nearby

text: objects

text: For

text: a

text: terrestrial

text: antenna

text: the

text: ground

text: is

text: usually

text: one

text: such

text: object

text: of

text: importance

text: The

text: antenna

text: 's

text: height

text: above

text: the

text: ground

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: electrical

text: properties

text: permittivity

text: and

text: conductivity

text: of

text: the

text: ground

text: can

text: then

text: be

text: important

text: Also

text: in

text: the

text: particular

text: case

text: of

text: a

text: monopole

text: antenna

text: the

text: ground

text: or

text: an

text: artificial

text: ground

text: plane

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: return

text: connection

text: for

text: the

text: antenna

text: current

text: thus

text: having

text: an

text: additional

text: effect

text: particularly

text: on

text: the

text: impedance

text: seen

text: by

text: the

text: feed

text: line

question: What is the radiation patter influenced by?

answer: dielectric constant

text: dielectric constant

question: The ground is important for what antenna?

answer: terrestrial antenna

text: terrestrial antenna

question: Whats another name for the ground?

answer: artificial ground plane

text: artificial ground plane

question: What does the artificial ground plane do for the antenna current?

answer: return connection

text: return connection


text: Unhappy with this change of policy by the Portuguese government, Napoleon sent an army to invade Portugal. On 17 October 1807, 24,000 French troops under General Junot crossed the Pyrenees with Spanish cooperation and headed towards Portugal to enforce Napoleon's orders. This attack was the first step in what would eventually become the Peninsular War, a six-year struggle that significantly sapped French strength. Throughout the winter of 1808, French agents became increasingly involved in Spanish internal affairs, attempting to incite discord between members of the Spanish royal family. On 16 February 1808, secret French machinations finally materialized when Napoleon announced that he would intervene to mediate between the rival political factions in the country. Marshal Murat led 120,000 troops into Spain and the French arrived in Madrid on 24 March, where wild riots against the occupation erupted just a few weeks later. Napoleon appointed his brother, Joseph Bonaparte, as the new King of Spain in the summer of 1808. The appointment enraged a heavily religious and conservative Spanish population. Resistance to French aggression soon spread throughout the country. The shocking French defeat at the Battle of Bailén in July gave hope to Napoleon's enemies and partly persuaded the French emperor to intervene in person.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: Unhappy

text: with

text: this

text: change

text: of

text: policy

text: by

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: government

text: Napoleon

text: sent

text: an

text: army

text: to

text: invade

text: Portugal

text: On

text: October

text: French

text: troops

text: under

text: General

text: Junot

text: crossed

text: the

text: Pyrenees

text: with

text: Spanish

text: cooperation

text: and

text: headed

text: towards

text: Portugal

text: to

text: enforce

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: orders

text: This

text: attack

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: step

text: in

text: what

text: would

text: eventually

text: become

text: the

text: Peninsular

text: War

text: a

text: six

text: year

text: struggle

text: that

text: significantly

text: sapped

text: French

text: strength

text: Throughout

text: the

text: winter

text: of

text: French

text: agents

text: became

text: increasingly

text: involved

text: in

text: Spanish

text: internal

text: affairs

text: attempting

text: to

text: incite

text: discord

text: between

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: royal

text: family

text: On

text: February

text: secret

text: French

text: machinations

text: finally

text: materialized

text: when

text: Napoleon

text: announced

text: that

text: he

text: would

text: intervene

text: to

text: mediate

text: between

text: the

text: rival

text: political

text: factions

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Marshal

text: Murat

text: led

text: troops

text: into

text: Spain

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: arrived

text: in

text: Madrid

text: on

text: March

text: where

text: wild

text: riots

text: against

text: the

text: occupation

text: erupted

text: just

text: a

text: few

text: weeks

text: later

text: Napoleon

text: appointed

text: his

text: brother

text: Joseph

text: Bonaparte

text: as

text: the

text: new

text: King

text: of

text: Spain

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: The

text: appointment

text: enraged

text: a

text: heavily

text: religious

text: and

text: conservative

text: Spanish

text: population

text: Resistance

text: to

text: French

text: aggression

text: soon

text: spread

text: throughout

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: shocking

text: French

text: defeat

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Bailén

text: in

text: July

text: gave

text: hope

text: to

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: enemies

text: and

text: partly

text: persuaded

text: the

text: French

text: emperor

text: to

text: intervene

text: in

text: person

question: When did Napoleon's invasion of Portugal begin?

answer: 17 October 1807

text: 17 October 1807

question: How many troops did Napoleon send to begin the invasion of Portugal?

answer: 24,000

question: Who did Napoleon select to lead the troops sent to invade Portugal?

answer: General Junot

text: General Junot

question: The invasion of Portugal was the beginning of what six-year conflict?

answer: the Peninsular War

text: the Peninsular War

question: How many troops did Marshal Murat lead into Spain?

answer: 120,000


text: Balansiyya had a rebirth of sorts with the beginning of the Taifa of Valencia kingdom in the 11th century. The town grew, and during the reign of Abd al-Aziz a new city wall was built, remains of which are preserved throughout the Old City (Ciutat Vella) today. The Castilian nobleman Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar, known as El Cid, who was intent on possessing his own principality on the Mediterranean, entered the province in command of a combined Christian and Moorish army and besieged the city beginning in 1092. By the time the siege ended in May 1094, he had carved out his own fiefdom—which he ruled from 15 June 1094 to July 1099. This victory was immortalised in the Lay of the Cid. During his rule, he converted nine mosques into churches and installed the French monk Jérôme as bishop of the See of Valencia. El Cid was killed in July 1099 while defending the city from an Almoravid siege, whereupon his wife Ximena Díaz ruled in his place for two years.

title: Valencia

title: Valencia

text: Balansiyya

text: had

text: a

text: rebirth

text: of

text: sorts

text: with

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Taifa

text: of

text: Valencia

text: kingdom

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: town

text: grew

text: and

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Abd

text: al

text: Aziz

text: a

text: new

text: city

text: wall

text: was

text: built

text: remains

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: preserved

text: throughout

text: the

text: Old

text: City

text: Ciutat

text: Vella

text: today

text: The

text: Castilian

text: nobleman

text: Rodrigo

text: Diaz

text: de

text: Vivar

text: known

text: as

text: El

text: Cid

text: who

text: was

text: intent

text: on

text: possessing

text: his

text: own

text: principality

text: on

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: entered

text: the

text: province

text: in

text: command

text: of

text: a

text: combined

text: Christian

text: and

text: Moorish

text: army

text: and

text: besieged

text: the

text: city

text: beginning

text: in

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: siege

text: ended

text: in

text: May

text: he

text: had

text: carved

text: out

text: his

text: own

text: fiefdom

text: which

text: he

text: ruled

text: from

text: June

text: to

text: July

text: This

text: victory

text: was

text: immortalised

text: in

text: the

text: Lay

text: of

text: the

text: Cid

text: During

text: his

text: rule

text: he

text: converted

text: nine

text: mosques

text: into

text: churches

text: and

text: installed

text: the

text: French

text: monk

text: Jérôme

text: as

text: bishop

text: of

text: the

text: See

text: of

text: Valencia

text: El

text: Cid

text: was

text: killed

text: in

text: July

text: while

text: defending

text: the

text: city

text: from

text: an

text: Almoravid

text: siege

text: whereupon

text: his

text: wife

text: Ximena

text: Díaz

text: ruled

text: in

text: his

text: place

text: for

text: two

text: years

question: What was El Cid's real name?

answer: Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar

text: Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar

question: When did El Cid die?

answer: July 1099

text: July 1099

question: Who took El Cid's position after his death?

answer: Ximena Díaz

text: Ximena Díaz

question: When did El Cid rule?

answer: 15 June 1094 to July 1099

text: 15 June 1094 to July 1099

question: Who was the ruler when the new city wall was constructed?

answer: Abd al-Aziz

text: Abd al-Aziz


text: It is generally considered that the Pacific War began on 7/8 December 1941, on which date Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines. Some historians contend that the conflict in Asia can be dated back to 7 July 1937 with the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China, or possibly 19 September 1931, beginning with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself started in early December 1941, with the Sino-Japanese War then becoming part of it as a theater of the greater World War II.[nb 9]

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: It

text: is

text: generally

text: considered

text: that

text: the

text: Pacific

text: War

text: began

text: on

text: December

text: on

text: which

text: date

text: Japan

text: invaded

text: Thailand

text: and

text: attacked

text: the

text: British

text: possessions

text: of

text: Malaya

text: Singapore

text: and

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: military

text: bases

text: in

text: Hawaii

text: Wake

text: Island

text: Guam

text: and

text: the

text: Philippines

text: Some

text: historians

text: contend

text: that

text: the

text: conflict

text: in

text: Asia

text: can

text: be

text: dated

text: back

text: to

text: July

text: with

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Sino

text: Japanese

text: War

text: between

text: the

text: Empire

text: of

text: Japan

text: and

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: or

text: possibly

text: September

text: beginning

text: with

text: the

text: Japanese

text: invasion

text: of

text: Manchuria

text: However

text: it

text: is

text: more

text: widely

text: accepted

text: that

text: the

text: Pacific

text: War

text: itself

text: started

text: in

text: early

text: December

text: with

text: the

text: Sino

text: Japanese

text: War

text: then

text: becoming

text: part

text: of

text: it

text: as

text: a

text: theater

text: of

text: the

text: greater

text: World

text: War

text: II.[nb

question: When do most people believe the Pacific War began?

answer: early December 1941

text: early December 1941

question: On what date did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?

answer: 7/8 December 1941

text: 7/8 December 1941

question: When did the Second Sino-Japanese War begin?

answer: 7 July 1937

text: 7 July 1937

question: Which countries did the Second Sino-Japanese War encompass?

answer: Empire of Japan and the Republic of China

text: Empire of Japan and the Republic of China

question: Has Japan ever attacked Thailand?

answer: Japan invaded Thailand

text: Japan invaded Thailand

question: What is the generally accepted date the Pacific War started?

answer: 7/8 December 1941

text: 7/8 December 1941

question: When did Japan invade Manchuria?

answer: 19 September 1931

text: 19 September 1931

question: What nation initiated hostilities?

answer: Japan

text: Japan

question: When did Japan invade China?

answer: 7 July 1937

text: 7 July 1937

question: What was the Pacific War theater part of after December 1941?

answer: World War II

text: World War II


text: Winston Churchill, on forming his government in 1940, created the office of Minister of Defence to exercise ministerial control over the Chiefs of Staff Committee and to co-ordinate defence matters. The post was held by the Prime Minister of the day until Clement Attlee's government introduced the Ministry of Defence Act of 1946. The new ministry was headed by a Minister of Defence who possessed a seat in the Cabinet. The three existing service Ministers—the Secretary of State for War, the First Lord of the Admiralty, and the Secretary of State for Air—remained in direct operational control of their respective services, but ceased to attend Cabinet.

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: on

text: forming

text: his

text: government

text: in

text: created

text: the

text: office

text: of

text: Minister

text: of

text: Defence

text: to

text: exercise

text: ministerial

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: Chiefs

text: of

text: Staff

text: Committee

text: and

text: to

text: co

text: ordinate

text: defence

text: matters

text: The

text: post

text: was

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: day

text: until

text: Clement

text: Attlee

text: 's

text: government

text: introduced

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: Act

text: of

text: The

text: new

text: ministry

text: was

text: headed

text: by

text: a

text: Minister

text: of

text: Defence

text: who

text: possessed

text: a

text: seat

text: in

text: the

text: Cabinet

text: The

text: three

text: existing

text: service

text: Ministers

text: the

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: for

text: War

text: the

text: First

text: Lord

text: of

text: the

text: Admiralty

text: and

text: the

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: for

text: Air

text: remained

text: in

text: direct

text: operational

text: control

text: of

text: their

text: respective

text: services

text: but

text: ceased

text: to

text: attend

text: Cabinet

question: Who created the office of Minister of Defence?

answer: Winston Churchill

text: Winston Churchill

question: When was the Ministry of Defence Act introduced?

answer: 1946

question: When did Winstron Churchill form his government?

answer: 1940

question: The new ministry, according to the Act of 1946, was headed by a Minister of Defence who possessed what?

answer: a seat in the Cabinet

text: a seat in the Cabinet

question: Who stopped attending Cabinet with the passage of the Ministry of Defence Act of 1946?

answer: the Secretary of State for War, the First Lord of the Admiralty, and the Secretary of State for Air

text: the Secretary of State for War, the First Lord of the Admiralty, and the Secretary of State for Air


text: Ye Zhiping, the principal of Sangzao Middle School in Sangzao, one of the largest in An County, has been credited with proactive action that spared the lives of all 2,323 pupils in attendance when the earthquake happened. During a three-year period that ended in 2007, he oversaw a major overhaul of his school. During that time he obtained more than 400,000 yuan (US$60,000) from the county education department, money used to widen and strengthen concrete pillars and the balcony railing of all four storeys of his school, as well as secure its concrete floors.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: Ye

text: Zhiping

text: the

text: principal

text: of

text: Sangzao

text: Middle

text: School

text: in

text: Sangzao

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: An

text: County

text: has

text: been

text: credited

text: with

text: proactive

text: action

text: that

text: spared

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: all

text: pupils

text: in

text: attendance

text: when

text: the

text: earthquake

text: happened

text: During

text: a

text: three

text: year

text: period

text: that

text: ended

text: in

text: he

text: oversaw

text: a

text: major

text: overhaul

text: of

text: his

text: school

text: During

text: that

text: time

text: he

text: obtained

text: more

text: than

text: yuan

text: US$

text: from

text: the

text: county

text: education

text: department

text: money

text: used

text: to

text: widen

text: and

text: strengthen

text: concrete

text: pillars

text: and

text: the

text: balcony

text: railing

text: of

text: all

text: four

text: storeys

text: of

text: his

text: school

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: secure

text: its

text: concrete

text: floors

question: Who was the principal of Sangzao Middle School?

answer: Ye Zhiping

text: Ye Zhiping

question: What was the principal credited with?

answer: proactive action that spared the lives of all 2,323 pupils in attendance when the earthquake happened

text: proactive action that spared the lives of all 2,323 pupils in attendance when the earthquake happened

question: How many students attended the school?

answer: 2,323

question: How much money was used to strengthen the construction of the school?

answer: 400,000 yuan

text: 400,000 yuan

question: What school principal strengthened his school?

answer: Ye Zhiping

text: Ye Zhiping

question: Where is the Sangzao Middle School?

answer: Sangzao

text: Sangzao

question: The Sangzao school is one of the biggest in what county?

answer: An County

text: An County

question: How many years was Ye Zhiping involved in the school overhaul?

answer: three-year period

text: three-year period


text: There are no railways, waterways, ports or harbours on the island. Loading jetties are located at Kingston and Cascade, but ships cannot get close to either of them. When a supply ship arrives, it is emptied by whaleboats towed by launches, five tonnes at a time. Which jetty is used depends on the prevailing weather on the day. The jetty on the leeward side of the island is often used. If the wind changes significantly during unloading/loading, the ship will move around to the other side. Visitors often gather to watch the activity when a supply ship arrives.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: There

text: are

text: no

text: railways

text: waterways

text: ports

text: or

text: harbours

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: Loading

text: jetties

text: are

text: located

text: at

text: Kingston

text: and

text: Cascade

text: but

text: ships

text: can

text: not

text: get

text: close

text: to

text: either

text: of

text: them

text: When

text: a

text: supply

text: ship

text: arrives

text: it

text: is

text: emptied

text: by

text: whaleboats

text: towed

text: by

text: launches

text: five

text: tonnes

text: at

text: a

text: time

text: Which

text: jetty

text: is

text: used

text: depends

text: on

text: the

text: prevailing

text: weather

text: on

text: the

text: day

text: The

text: jetty

text: on

text: the

text: leeward

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: If

text: the

text: wind

text: changes

text: significantly

text: during

text: unloading

text: loading

text: the

text: ship

text: will

text: move

text: around

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: side

text: Visitors

text: often

text: gather

text: to

text: watch

text: the

text: activity

text: when

text: a

text: supply

text: ship

text: arrives

question: Where are loading jetties found on Norfolk Island?

answer: Kingston and Cascade

text: Kingston and Cascade

question: How is a supply ship unloaded when it reaches Norfolk Island?

answer: by whaleboats towed by launches

text: by whaleboats towed by launches

question: What determines the jetty that's used by supply ships to Norfolk Island?

answer: the prevailing weather on the day

text: the prevailing weather on the day

question: Where can you find the often-used jetty on Norfolk Island?

answer: on the leeward side of the island

text: on the leeward side of the island

question: Who can usually be found watching supply ships unload at Norfolk Island?

answer: Visitors

text: Visitors


text: Materialism is often associated with reductionism, according to which the objects or phenomena individuated at one level of description, if they are genuine, must be explicable in terms of the objects or phenomena at some other level of description — typically, at a more reduced level. Non-reductive materialism explicitly rejects this notion, however, taking the material constitution of all particulars to be consistent with the existence of real objects, properties, or phenomena not explicable in the terms canonically used for the basic material constituents. Jerry Fodor influentially argues this view, according to which empirical laws and explanations in "special sciences" like psychology or geology are invisible from the perspective of basic physics. A lot of vigorous literature has grown up around the relation between these views.

title: Materialism

title: Materialism

text: Materialism

text: is

text: often

text: associated

text: with

text: reductionism

text: according

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: objects

text: or

text: phenomena

text: individuated

text: at

text: one

text: level

text: of

text: description

text: if

text: they

text: are

text: genuine

text: must

text: be

text: explicable

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: objects

text: or

text: phenomena

text: at

text: some

text: other

text: level

text: of

text: description

text: typically

text: at

text: a

text: more

text: reduced

text: level

text: Non

text: reductive

text: materialism

text: explicitly

text: rejects

text: this

text: notion

text: however

text: taking

text: the

text: material

text: constitution

text: of

text: all

text: particulars

text: to

text: be

text: consistent

text: with

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: real

text: objects

text: properties

text: or

text: phenomena

text: not

text: explicable

text: in

text: the

text: terms

text: canonically

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: basic

text: material

text: constituents

text: Jerry

text: Fodor

text: influentially

text: argues

text: this

text: view

text: according

text: to

text: which

text: empirical

text: laws

text: and

text: explanations

text: in

text: special

text: sciences

text: like

text: psychology

text: or

text: geology

text: are

text: invisible

text: from

text: the

text: perspective

text: of

text: basic

text: physics

text: A

text: lot

text: of

text: vigorous

text: literature

text: has

text: grown

text: up

text: around

text: the

text: relation

text: between

text: these

text: views

question: Materialism is linked to what?

answer: reductionism

text: reductionism


text: From the first established world championship, the top professional wrestlers have garnered fame within mainstream society. Each successive generation has produced a number of wrestlers who extend their careers into the realms of music, acting, writing, business, politics or public speaking, and are known to those who are unfamiliar with wrestling in general. Conversely, celebrities from other sports or general pop culture also become involved with wrestling for brief periods of time. A prime example of this is The Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection of the 1980s, which combined wrestling with MTV.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: From

text: the

text: first

text: established

text: world

text: championship

text: the

text: top

text: professional

text: wrestlers

text: have

text: garnered

text: fame

text: within

text: mainstream

text: society

text: Each

text: successive

text: generation

text: has

text: produced

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: wrestlers

text: who

text: extend

text: their

text: careers

text: into

text: the

text: realms

text: of

text: music

text: acting

text: writing

text: business

text: politics

text: or

text: public

text: speaking

text: and

text: are

text: known

text: to

text: those

text: who

text: are

text: unfamiliar

text: with

text: wrestling

text: in

text: general

text: Conversely

text: celebrities

text: from

text: other

text: sports

text: or

text: general

text: pop

text: culture

text: also

text: become

text: involved

text: with

text: wrestling

text: for

text: brief

text: periods

text: of

text: time

text: A

text: prime

text: example

text: of

text: this

text: is

text: The

text: Rock

text: n

text: Wrestling

text: Connection

text: of

text: the

text: which

text: combined

text: wrestling

text: with

text: MTV

question: What kind of notoriety have wrestlers achieved?

answer: fame within mainstream society

text: fame within mainstream society

question: What did the Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection do?

answer: combined wrestling with MTV

text: combined wrestling with MTV

question: What are some other career paths wrestlers embarked on?

answer: music, acting, writing, business, politics or public speaking

text: music, acting, writing, business, politics or public speaking


text: Though mechanization transformed most aspects of human industry by the mid-20th century, garment workers have continued to labor under challenging conditions that demand repetitive manual labor. Mass-produced clothing is often made in what are considered by some to be sweatshops, typified by long work hours, lack of benefits, and lack of worker representation. While most examples of such conditions are found in developing countries, clothes made in industrialized nations may also be manufactured similarly, often staffed by undocumented immigrants.[citation needed]

title: Clothing

title: Clothing

text: Though

text: mechanization

text: transformed

text: most

text: aspects

text: of

text: human

text: industry

text: by

text: the

text: century

text: garment

text: workers

text: have

text: continued

text: to

text: labor

text: under

text: challenging

text: conditions

text: that

text: demand

text: repetitive

text: manual

text: labor

text: Mass

text: produced

text: clothing

text: is

text: often

text: made

text: in

text: what

text: are

text: considered

text: by

text: some

text: to

text: be

text: sweatshops

text: typified

text: by

text: long

text: work

text: hours

text: lack

text: of

text: benefits

text: and

text: lack

text: of

text: worker

text: representation

text: While

text: most

text: examples

text: of

text: such

text: conditions

text: are

text: found

text: in

text: developing

text: countries

text: clothes

text: made

text: in

text: industrialized

text: nations

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: manufactured

text: similarly

text: often

text: staffed

text: by

text: undocumented

text: immigrants.[citation

text: needed

question: What type of conditions do many garment works endure?

answer: challenging

text: challenging

question: What type of clothing is frequently the product of sweatshops?

answer: Mass-produced

text: Mass-produced

question: What is a feature of sweatshops beyond lack of benefits and representation?

answer: long work hours

text: long work hours

question: Poor conditions found in developing countries may also be found in what type of nations?

answer: industrialized

text: industrialized

question: What type of immigrant often staff sweatshops?

answer: undocumented

text: undocumented


text: The consensus among linguists is that modern, standard Czech originated during the eighteenth century. By then the language had developed a literary tradition, and since then it has changed little; journals from that period have no substantial differences from modern standard Czech, and contemporary Czechs can understand them with little difficulty. Changes include the morphological shift of í to ej and é to í (although é survives for some uses) and the merging of í and the former ejí. Sometime before the eighteenth century, the Czech language abandoned a distinction between phonemic /l/ and /ʎ/ which survives in Slovak.

title: Czech_language

title: Czech_language

text: The

text: consensus

text: among

text: linguists

text: is

text: that

text: modern

text: standard

text: Czech

text: originated

text: during

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: century

text: By

text: then

text: the

text: language

text: had

text: developed

text: a

text: literary

text: tradition

text: and

text: since

text: then

text: it

text: has

text: changed

text: little

text: journals

text: from

text: that

text: period

text: have

text: no

text: substantial

text: differences

text: from

text: modern

text: standard

text: Czech

text: and

text: contemporary

text: Czechs

text: can

text: understand

text: them

text: with

text: little

text: difficulty

text: Changes

text: include

text: the

text: morphological

text: shift

text: of

text: í

text: to

text: ej

text: and

text: é

text: to

text: í

text: although

text: é

text: survives

text: for

text: some

text: uses

text: and

text: the

text: merging

text: of

text: í

text: and

text: the

text: former

text: ejí

text: Sometime

text: before

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: century

text: the

text: Czech

text: language

text: abandoned

text: a

text: distinction

text: between

text: phonemic

text: /l/

text: and

text: /ʎ/

text: which

text: survives

text: in

text: Slovak

question: When do linguists agree modern Czech originated?

answer: the eighteenth century

text: the eighteenth century

question: What had Czech developed by the 18th century?

answer: literary tradition

text: literary tradition

question: Journals from the 18th century have no substantial differences from what?

answer: modern standard Czech

text: modern standard Czech

question: How much difficulty do contemporary Czechs have in understanding material from the 18th century?

answer: little

text: little

question: What did the Czech language abandon which survives in Slovak?

answer: a distinction between phonemic /l/ and /ʎ/

text: a distinction between phonemic /l/ and /ʎ/


text: The Age of Enlightenment was a European affair. The 17th century "Age of Reason" opened the avenues to the decisive steps towards modern science, which took place during the 18th century "Age of Enlightenment". Directly based on the works of Newton, Descartes, Pascal and Leibniz, the way was now clear to the development of modern mathematics, physics and technology by the generation of Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), Leonhard Euler (1707–1783), Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765) and Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1717–1783), epitomized in the appearance of Denis Diderot's Encyclopédie between 1751 and 1772. The impact of this process was not limited to science and technology, but affected philosophy (Immanuel Kant, David Hume), religion (the increasingly significant impact of science upon religion), and society and politics in general (Adam Smith, Voltaire), the French Revolution of 1789 setting a bloody cesura indicating the beginning of political modernity[citation needed]. The early modern period is seen as a flowering of the European Renaissance, in what is often known as the Scientific Revolution, viewed as a foundation of modern science.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: The

text: Age

text: of

text: Enlightenment

text: was

text: a

text: European

text: affair

text: The

text: century

text: Age

text: of

text: Reason

text: opened

text: the

text: avenues

text: to

text: the

text: decisive

text: steps

text: towards

text: modern

text: science

text: which

text: took

text: place

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: Age

text: of

text: Enlightenment

text: Directly

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: Newton

text: Descartes

text: Pascal

text: and

text: Leibniz

text: the

text: way

text: was

text: now

text: clear

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: modern

text: mathematics

text: physics

text: and

text: technology

text: by

text: the

text: generation

text: of

text: Benjamin

text: Franklin

text: Leonhard

text: Euler

text: Mikhail

text: Lomonosov

text: and

text: Jean

text: le

text: Rond

text: d'Alembert

text: epitomized

text: in

text: the

text: appearance

text: of

text: Denis

text: Diderot

text: 's

text: Encyclopédie

text: between

text: and

text: The

text: impact

text: of

text: this

text: process

text: was

text: not

text: limited

text: to

text: science

text: and

text: technology

text: but

text: affected

text: philosophy

text: Immanuel

text: Kant

text: David

text: Hume

text: religion

text: the

text: increasingly

text: significant

text: impact

text: of

text: science

text: upon

text: religion

text: and

text: society

text: and

text: politics

text: in

text: general

text: Adam

text: Smith

text: Voltaire

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: of

text: setting

text: a

text: bloody

text: cesura

text: indicating

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: political

text: modernity[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: early

text: modern

text: period

text: is

text: seen

text: as

text: a

text: flowering

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Renaissance

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: often

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Scientific

text: Revolution

text: viewed

text: as

text: a

text: foundation

text: of

text: modern

text: science

question: The Age of Reason made way for which movement?

answer: Age of Enlightenment

text: Age of Enlightenment

question: What event is considered to be the start of political modernity?

answer: the French Revolution of 1789

text: the French Revolution of 1789

question: What book did Denis Diderot write?

answer: Encyclopédie

text: Encyclopédie


text: Until recently, in the absence of prior agreement on a clear and precise definition, the concept was thought to mean (as a shorthand) 'a division of sovereignty between two levels of government'. New research, however, argues that this cannot be correct, as dividing sovereignty - when this concept is properly understood in its core meaning of the final and absolute source of political authority in a political community - is not possible. The descent of the United States into Civil War in the mid-nineteenth century, over disputes about unallocated competences concerning slavery and ultimately the right of secession, showed this. One or other level of government could be sovereign to decide such matters, but not both simultaneously. Therefore, it is now suggested that federalism is more appropriately conceived as 'a division of the powers flowing from sovereignty between two levels of government'. What differentiates the concept from other multi-level political forms is the characteristic of equality of standing between the two levels of government established. This clarified definition opens the way to identifying two distinct federal forms, where before only one was known, based upon whether sovereignty resides in the whole (in one people) or in the parts (in many peoples): the federal state (or federation) and the federal union of states (or federal union), respectively. Leading examples of the federal state include the United States, Germany, Canada, Switzerland, Australia and India. The leading example of the federal union of states is the European Union.

title: Federalism

title: Federalism

text: Until

text: recently

text: in

text: the

text: absence

text: of

text: prior

text: agreement

text: on

text: a

text: clear

text: and

text: precise

text: definition

text: the

text: concept

text: was

text: thought

text: to

text: mean

text: as

text: a

text: shorthand

text: a

text: division

text: of

text: sovereignty

text: between

text: two

text: levels

text: of

text: government

text: New

text: research

text: however

text: argues

text: that

text: this

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: correct

text: as

text: dividing

text: sovereignty

text: when

text: this

text: concept

text: is

text: properly

text: understood

text: in

text: its

text: core

text: meaning

text: of

text: the

text: final

text: and

text: absolute

text: source

text: of

text: political

text: authority

text: in

text: a

text: political

text: community

text: is

text: not

text: possible

text: The

text: descent

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: into

text: Civil

text: War

text: in

text: the

text: mid

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: over

text: disputes

text: about

text: unallocated

text: competences

text: concerning

text: slavery

text: and

text: ultimately

text: the

text: right

text: of

text: secession

text: showed

text: this

text: One

text: or

text: other

text: level

text: of

text: government

text: could

text: be

text: sovereign

text: to

text: decide

text: such

text: matters

text: but

text: not

text: both

text: simultaneously

text: Therefore

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: suggested

text: that

text: federalism

text: is

text: more

text: appropriately

text: conceived

text: as

text: a

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: powers

text: flowing

text: from

text: sovereignty

text: between

text: two

text: levels

text: of

text: government

text: What

text: differentiates

text: the

text: concept

text: from

text: other

text: multi

text: level

text: political

text: forms

text: is

text: the

text: characteristic

text: of

text: equality

text: of

text: standing

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: levels

text: of

text: government

text: established

text: This

text: clarified

text: definition

text: opens

text: the

text: way

text: to

text: identifying

text: two

text: distinct

text: federal

text: forms

text: where

text: before

text: only

text: one

text: was

text: known

text: based

text: upon

text: whether

text: sovereignty

text: resides

text: in

text: the

text: whole

text: in

text: one

text: people

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: parts

text: in

text: many

text: peoples

text: the

text: federal

text: state

text: or

text: federation

text: and

text: the

text: federal

text: union

text: of

text: states

text: or

text: federal

text: union

text: respectively

text: Leading

text: examples

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: state

text: include

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Germany

text: Canada

text: Switzerland

text: Australia

text: and

text: India

text: The

text: leading

text: example

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: union

text: of

text: states

text: is

text: the

text: European

text: Union

question: What distinguishes Federalism from other multi-level governments?

answer: equality of standing between the two levels of government

text: equality of standing between the two levels of government

question: What historical event illustrated that dividing sovereignty was not possible?

answer: Civil War

text: Civil War

question: What organization is a leading example of a federal union?

answer: European Union

text: European Union

question: What form of Federalism is characterized by where sovereignty resides in the whole?

answer: federal state (or federation)

text: federal state (or federation)

question: New research has clarified that Federalism has how many distinct forms?

answer: two distinct federal forms

text: two distinct federal forms

question: Before new research, what was the definition of federalism?

answer: a division of sovereignty between two levels of government

text: a division of sovereignty between two levels of government

question: After new research, what was the final definition of federalism?

answer: final and absolute source of political authority in a political community - is not possible.

text: final and absolute source of political authority in a political community - is not possible.

question: When was federalism put into place?

answer: The descent of the United States into Civil War in the mid-nineteenth century

text: The descent of the United States into Civil War in the mid-nineteenth century

question: What is the difference between multi-level political forms and federalism?

answer: the characteristic of equality of standing between the two levels of government established

text: the characteristic of equality of standing between the two levels of government established

question: What is an example of a federal union?

answer: the European Union

text: the European Union


text: Color temperature for white light sources also affects their use for certain applications. The color temperature of a white light source is the temperature in Kelvin of a theoretical black body emitter that most closely matches the spectral characteristics of the lamp. An incandescent bulb has a color temperature around 2800 to 3000 Kelvin; daylight is around 6400 Kelvin. Lower color temperature lamps have relatively more energy in the yellow and red part of the visible spectrum, while high color temperatures correspond to lamps with more of a blue-white appearance. For critical inspection or color matching tasks, or for retail displays of food and clothing, the color temperature of the lamps will be selected for the best overall lighting effect.

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: Color

text: temperature

text: for

text: white

text: light

text: sources

text: also

text: affects

text: their

text: use

text: for

text: certain

text: applications

text: The

text: color

text: temperature

text: of

text: a

text: white

text: light

text: source

text: is

text: the

text: temperature

text: in

text: Kelvin

text: of

text: a

text: theoretical

text: black

text: body

text: emitter

text: that

text: most

text: closely

text: matches

text: the

text: spectral

text: characteristics

text: of

text: the

text: lamp

text: An

text: incandescent

text: bulb

text: has

text: a

text: color

text: temperature

text: around

text: to

text: Kelvin

text: daylight

text: is

text: around

text: Kelvin

text: Lower

text: color

text: temperature

text: lamps

text: have

text: relatively

text: more

text: energy

text: in

text: the

text: yellow

text: and

text: red

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: visible

text: spectrum

text: while

text: high

text: color

text: temperatures

text: correspond

text: to

text: lamps

text: with

text: more

text: of

text: a

text: blue

text: white

text: appearance

text: For

text: critical

text: inspection

text: or

text: color

text: matching

text: tasks

text: or

text: for

text: retail

text: displays

text: of

text: food

text: and

text: clothing

text: the

text: color

text: temperature

text: of

text: the

text: lamps

text: will

text: be

text: selected

text: for

text: the

text: best

text: overall

text: lighting

text: effect

question: How many Kelvins is daylight measured at?

answer: 6400

question: What has a color temperature around 2800 to 3000 Kelvin?

answer: incandescent bulb

text: incandescent bulb

question: It can be said that lights with a high color temperature have more energy in what color spectrum?

answer: blue-white

text: blue-white

question: A lamp with more energy in the yellow and red spectrum are known to be?

answer: Lower color temperature

text: Lower color temperature


text: Meanwhile, on 10 October 1950, the 89th Tank Battalion was attached to the 1st Cavalry Division, increasing the armor available for the Northern Offensive. On 15 October, after moderate KPA resistance, the 7th Cavalry Regiment and Charlie Company, 70th Tank Battalion captured Namchonjam city. On 17 October, they flanked rightwards, away from the principal road (to Pyongyang), to capture Hwangju. Two days later, the 1st Cavalry Division captured Pyongyang, the North's capital city, on 19 October 1950. Kim Il Sung and his government temporarily moved its capital to Sinuiju – although as UNC forces approached, the government again moved – this time to Kanggye.

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: Meanwhile

text: on

text: October

text: the

text: Tank

text: Battalion

text: was

text: attached

text: to

text: the

text: Cavalry

text: Division

text: increasing

text: the

text: armor

text: available

text: for

text: the

text: Northern

text: Offensive

text: On

text: October

text: after

text: moderate

text: KPA

text: resistance

text: the

text: Cavalry

text: Regiment

text: and

text: Charlie

text: Company

text: Tank

text: Battalion

text: captured

text: Namchonjam

text: city

text: On

text: October

text: they

text: flanked

text: rightwards

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: principal

text: road

text: to

text: Pyongyang

text: to

text: capture

text: Hwangju

text: Two

text: days

text: later

text: the

text: Cavalry

text: Division

text: captured

text: Pyongyang

text: the

text: North

text: 's

text: capital

text: city

text: on

text: October

text: Kim

text: Il

text: Sung

text: and

text: his

text: government

text: temporarily

text: moved

text: its

text: capital

text: to

text: Sinuiju

text: although

text: as

text: UNC

text: forces

text: approached

text: the

text: government

text: again

text: moved

text: this

text: time

text: to

text: Kanggye

question: Who did not capture the city of Namchonjam?

answer: KPA

text: KPA

question: What was the capital city in the North?

answer: Pyongyang

text: Pyongyang

question: Where did Kim Il-Sung temporarily move the capital?

answer: Sinuiju

text: Sinuiju

question: What caused the North Koreans to move their capital for the second time?

answer: UNC forces approached

text: UNC forces approached

question: When was Pyongyang captured?

answer: October 1950

text: October 1950


text: Sociological attention to emotion has varied over time. Emilé Durkheim (1915/1965) wrote about the collective effervescence or emotional energy that was experienced by members of totemic rituals in Australian aborigine society. He explained how the heightened state of emotional energy achieved during totemic rituals transported individuals above themselves giving them the sense that they were in the presence of a higher power, a force, that was embedded in the sacred objects that were worshipped. These feelings of exaltation, he argued, ultimately lead people to believe that there were forces that governed sacred objects.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: Sociological

text: attention

text: to

text: emotion

text: has

text: varied

text: over

text: time

text: Emilé

text: Durkheim

text: wrote

text: about

text: the

text: collective

text: effervescence

text: or

text: emotional

text: energy

text: that

text: was

text: experienced

text: by

text: members

text: of

text: totemic

text: rituals

text: in

text: Australian

text: aborigine

text: society

text: He

text: explained

text: how

text: the

text: heightened

text: state

text: of

text: emotional

text: energy

text: achieved

text: during

text: totemic

text: rituals

text: transported

text: individuals

text: above

text: themselves

text: giving

text: them

text: the

text: sense

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: in

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: a

text: higher

text: power

text: a

text: force

text: that

text: was

text: embedded

text: in

text: the

text: sacred

text: objects

text: that

text: were

text: worshipped

text: These

text: feelings

text: of

text: exaltation

text: he

text: argued

text: ultimately

text: lead

text: people

text: to

text: believe

text: that

text: there

text: were

text: forces

text: that

text: governed

text: sacred

text: objects

question: Who discussed the idea of a collective effervescence?

answer: Emilé Durkheim

text: Emilé Durkheim

question: What society was studied to describe the notion of collective effervescence?

answer: Australian aborigine society

text: Australian aborigine society

question: Durkheim saw collective effervescence in what Australian aboriginal activity?

answer: totemic rituals

text: totemic rituals

question: What is another term for collective effervescence?

answer: emotional energy

text: emotional energy


text: In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".:72 Through this order, all federal funds, such as "grants, loans, unions and employers who accepted taxpayer funds, and other forms of financial assistance to state and local governments," were forced to comply to the government's policies on affirmative action in employment practices.:72

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: June

text: President

text: Kennedy

text: continued

text: his

text: policy

text: of

text: affirmative

text: action

text: by

text: issuing

text: another

text: mandate

text: Executive

text: Order

text: The

text: order

text: supplemented

text: to

text: his

text: previous

text: executive

text: order

text: declaring

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: policy

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: to

text: encourage

text: by

text: affirmative

text: action

text: the

text: elimination

text: of

text: discrimination

text: in

text: Through

text: this

text: order

text: all

text: federal

text: funds

text: such

text: as

text: grants

text: loans

text: unions

text: and

text: employers

text: who

text: accepted

text: taxpayer

text: funds

text: and

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: financial

text: assistance

text: to

text: state

text: and

text: local

text: governments

text: were

text: forced

text: to

text: comply

text: to

text: the

text: government

text: 's

text: policies

text: on

text: affirmative

text: action

text: in

text: employment

question: When did President Kennedy issue Executive Order 11114?

answer: June 1963

text: June 1963

question: What was the main aim of Executive Order 11114?

answer: elimination of discrimination in employment

text: elimination of discrimination in employment

question: What was anyone who received federal funding of any sort required to do under the Executive Order?

answer: comply to the government's policies on affirmative action

text: comply to the government's policies on affirmative action


text: In 1795, North Carolina opened the first public university in the United States—the University of North Carolina (now named the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill). More than 200 years later, the University of North Carolina system encompasses 17 public universities including North Carolina State University, North Carolina A&T State University, North Carolina Central University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, East Carolina University, Western Carolina University, Winston-Salem State University, the University of North Carolina at Asheville, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, the University of North Carolina at Pembroke, UNC Wilmington, Elizabeth City State University, Appalachian State University, Fayetteville State University, and UNC School of the Arts, and . Along with its public universities, North Carolina has 58 public community colleges in its community college system.The largest university in North Carolina is currently North Carolina State University, with more than 34,000 students. North Carolina is home to many excellent universities as well as dozens of community colleges and private universities.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: In

text: North

text: Carolina

text: opened

text: the

text: first

text: public

text: university

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: now

text: named

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Chapel

text: Hill

text: More

text: than

text: years

text: later

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: system

text: encompasses

text: public

text: universities

text: including

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: University

text: North

text: Carolina

text: A&T

text: State

text: University

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Central

text: University

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Chapel

text: Hill

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Greensboro

text: East

text: Carolina

text: University

text: Western

text: Carolina

text: University

text: Winston

text: Salem

text: State

text: University

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Asheville

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Charlotte

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Pembroke

text: UNC

text: Wilmington

text: Elizabeth

text: City

text: State

text: University

text: Appalachian

text: State

text: University

text: Fayetteville

text: State

text: University

text: and

text: UNC

text: School

text: of

text: the

text: Arts

text: and

text: Along

text: with

text: its

text: public

text: universities

text: North

text: Carolina

text: has

text: public

text: community

text: colleges

text: in

text: its

text: community

text: college

text: system

text: The

text: largest

text: university

text: in

text: North

text: Carolina

text: is

text: currently

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: University

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: students

text: North

text: Carolina

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: many

text: excellent

text: universities

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: dozens

text: of

text: community

text: colleges

text: and

text: private

text: universities

question: What state opened the first public university in the United States?

answer: North Carolina

text: North Carolina

question: What year was the first public university opened in the United States?

answer: 1795

question: What was the name of the first public university to open in the US?

answer: University of North Carolina

text: University of North Carolina

question: What is the largest University in North Carolina?

answer: North Carolina State University

text: North Carolina State University

question: How many students does North Carolina State University enroll?

answer: 34,000


text: The cup triumph was also Everton's passport to the Cup Winners' Cup—their first European campaign in the post-Heysel era. Progress under Joe Royle continued in 1995–96 as they climbed to sixth place in the Premiership. A fifteenth-place finish the following season saw Royle resign towards the end of the campaign, to be temporarily replaced by club captain, Dave Watson. Howard Kendall was appointed Everton manager for the third time in 1997, but the appointment proved unsuccessful as Everton finished seventeenth in the Premiership; only avoiding relegation due to their superior goal difference over Bolton Wanderers. Former Rangers manager Walter Smith then took over from Kendall in the summer of 1998 but only managed three successive finishes in the bottom half of the table.

title: Everton_F.C.

title: Everton_F.C.

text: The

text: cup

text: triumph

text: was

text: also

text: Everton

text: 's

text: passport

text: to

text: the

text: Cup

text: Winners

text: Cup

text: their

text: first

text: European

text: campaign

text: in

text: the

text: post

text: Heysel

text: era

text: Progress

text: under

text: Joe

text: Royle

text: continued

text: in

text: as

text: they

text: climbed

text: to

text: sixth

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: Premiership

text: A

text: fifteenth

text: place

text: finish

text: the

text: following

text: season

text: saw

text: Royle

text: resign

text: towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: campaign

text: to

text: be

text: temporarily

text: replaced

text: by

text: club

text: captain

text: Dave

text: Watson

text: Howard

text: Kendall

text: was

text: appointed

text: Everton

text: manager

text: for

text: the

text: third

text: time

text: in

text: but

text: the

text: appointment

text: proved

text: unsuccessful

text: as

text: Everton

text: finished

text: seventeenth

text: in

text: the

text: Premiership

text: only

text: avoiding

text: relegation

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: superior

text: goal

text: difference

text: over

text: Bolton

text: Wanderers

text: Former

text: Rangers

text: manager

text: Walter

text: Smith

text: then

text: took

text: over

text: from

text: Kendall

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: but

text: only

text: managed

text: three

text: successive

text: finishes

text: in

text: the

text: bottom

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: table

question: Who temporarily replaced Joe Royle as club captain after he resigned?

answer: Dave Watson

text: Dave Watson

question: In what year was Howard Kendall appointed manager of the Everton FC for the third time?

answer: 1997

question: Who took over for Howard Kendall after his third attempt at managing the Everton FC was unsuccessful?

answer: Walter Smith

text: Walter Smith

question: How many successive finishes did Walter Smith manage for the Everton FC?

answer: three

text: three

question: What rank did Everton place in the 1997 Premiership league?

answer: seventeenth

text: seventeenth


text: Since the end of the Second World War, France has become an ethnically diverse country. Today, approximately five percent of the French population is non-European and non-white. This does not approach the number of non-white citizens in the United States (roughly 28–37%, depending on how Latinos are classified; see Demographics of the United States). Nevertheless, it amounts to at least three million people, and has forced the issues of ethnic diversity onto the French policy agenda. France has developed an approach to dealing with ethnic problems that stands in contrast to that of many advanced, industrialized countries. Unlike the United States, Britain, or even the Netherlands, France maintains a "color-blind" model of public policy. This means that it targets virtually no policies directly at racial or ethnic groups. Instead, it uses geographic or class criteria to address issues of social inequalities. It has, however, developed an extensive anti-racist policy repertoire since the early 1970s. Until recently, French policies focused primarily on issues of hate speech—going much further than their American counterparts—and relatively less on issues of discrimination in jobs, housing, and in provision of goods and services.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Since

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: France

text: has

text: become

text: an

text: ethnically

text: diverse

text: country

text: Today

text: approximately

text: five

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: population

text: is

text: non

text: European

text: and

text: non

text: white

text: This

text: does

text: not

text: approach

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: non

text: white

text: citizens

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: roughly

text: depending

text: on

text: how

text: Latinos

text: are

text: classified

text: see

text: Demographics

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Nevertheless

text: it

text: amounts

text: to

text: at

text: least

text: three

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: has

text: forced

text: the

text: issues

text: of

text: ethnic

text: diversity

text: onto

text: the

text: French

text: policy

text: agenda

text: France

text: has

text: developed

text: an

text: approach

text: to

text: dealing

text: with

text: ethnic

text: problems

text: that

text: stands

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: many

text: advanced

text: industrialized

text: countries

text: Unlike

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Britain

text: or

text: even

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: France

text: maintains

text: a

text: color

text: blind

text: model

text: of

text: public

text: policy

text: This

text: means

text: that

text: it

text: targets

text: virtually

text: no

text: policies

text: directly

text: at

text: racial

text: or

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: Instead

text: it

text: uses

text: geographic

text: or

text: class

text: criteria

text: to

text: address

text: issues

text: of

text: social

text: inequalities

text: It

text: has

text: however

text: developed

text: an

text: extensive

text: anti

text: racist

text: policy

text: repertoire

text: since

text: the

text: early

text: Until

text: recently

text: French

text: policies

text: focused

text: primarily

text: on

text: issues

text: of

text: hate

text: speech

text: going

text: much

text: further

text: than

text: their

text: American

text: counterparts

text: and

text: relatively

text: less

text: on

text: issues

text: of

text: discrimination

text: in

text: jobs

text: housing

text: and

text: in

text: provision

text: of

text: goods

text: and

text: services

question: France has become a more ethnically diverse country since the end of which war?

answer: Second World War

text: Second World War

question: What percentage of the French population today is non-European?

answer: approximately five percent

text: approximately five percent

question: What is the number of non-white citizens in the United States?

answer: roughly 28–37%

text: roughly 28–37%

question: What issue has the existence of three million non-European people in France forced onto French policy agendas?

answer: ethnic diversity

text: ethnic diversity

question: What type of model of public policy does France maintain?

answer: color-blind

text: color-blind


text: In March 1984, Pioneer introduced the first consumer player with a solid-state laser, the LD-700. It was also the first LD player to load from the front and not the top. One year earlier Hitachi introduced an expensive industrial player with a laser diode, but the player, which had poor picture quality due to an inadequate dropout compensator, was made only in limited quantities. After Pioneer released the LD-700, gas lasers were no longer used in consumer players, despite their advantages, although Philips continued to use gas lasers in their industrial units until 1985.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: In

text: March

text: Pioneer

text: introduced

text: the

text: first

text: consumer

text: player

text: with

text: a

text: solid

text: state

text: laser

text: the

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: first

text: LD

text: player

text: to

text: load

text: from

text: the

text: front

text: and

text: not

text: the

text: top

text: One

text: year

text: earlier

text: Hitachi

text: introduced

text: an

text: expensive

text: industrial

text: player

text: with

text: a

text: laser

text: diode

text: but

text: the

text: player

text: which

text: had

text: poor

text: picture

text: quality

text: due

text: to

text: an

text: inadequate

text: dropout

text: compensator

text: was

text: made

text: only

text: in

text: limited

text: quantities

text: After

text: Pioneer

text: released

text: the

text: gas

text: lasers

text: were

text: no

text: longer

text: used

text: in

text: consumer

text: players

text: despite

text: their

text: advantages

text: although

text: Philips

text: continued

text: to

text: use

text: gas

text: lasers

text: in

text: their

text: industrial

text: units

text: until

question: What was the name of the first solid-state laser consumer LaserDisc player?

answer: LD-700

question: Besides a solid-state laser, what else was unique about the LD-700?

answer: first LD player to load from the front and not the top

text: first LD player to load from the front and not the top

question: When did Pioneer release the LD-700?

answer: March 1984

text: March 1984

question: Which company continued to use gas-lasers in industrial models of LD players although they were no longer used in consumer models?

answer: Philips

text: Philips


text: Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: Bird

text: migration

text: routes

text: have

text: been

text: studied

text: by

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: techniques

text: including

text: the

text: oldest

text: marking

text: Swans

text: have

text: been

text: marked

text: with

text: a

text: nick

text: on

text: the

text: beak

text: since

text: about

text: in

text: England

text: Scientific

text: ringing

text: was

text: pioneered

text: by

text: Hans

text: Christian

text: Cornelius

text: Mortensen

text: in

text: Other

text: techniques

text: include

text: radar

text: and

text: satellite

text: tracking

question: What is the oldest way to study migration?

answer: marking

text: marking

question: How have swans been marked?

answer: a nick on the beak

text: a nick on the beak

question: Who was scientific ringing pioneered by?

answer: Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen

text: Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen

question: Since when have swans been marked?

answer: 1560

question: What are other forms of studying migration?

answer: radar and satellite tracking

text: radar and satellite tracking


text: In 2000, the United Nations Development Programme, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, and World Energy Council published an estimate of the potential solar energy that could be used by humans each year that took into account factors such as insolation, cloud cover, and the land that is usable by humans. The estimate found that solar energy has a global potential of 1,575–49,837 EJ per year (see table below).

title: Solar_energy

title: Solar_energy

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Development

text: Programme

text: UN

text: Department

text: of

text: Economic

text: and

text: Social

text: Affairs

text: and

text: World

text: Energy

text: Council

text: published

text: an

text: estimate

text: of

text: the

text: potential

text: solar

text: energy

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: used

text: by

text: humans

text: each

text: year

text: that

text: took

text: into

text: account

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: insolation

text: cloud

text: cover

text: and

text: the

text: land

text: that

text: is

text: usable

text: by

text: humans

text: The

text: estimate

text: found

text: that

text: solar

text: energy

text: has

text: a

text: global

text: potential

text: of

text: EJ

text: per

text: year

text: see

text: table

text: below

question: What factors were taken into account in the estimate published in 2000 on solar energy?

answer: insolation, cloud cover, and the land that is usable by humans

text: insolation, cloud cover, and the land that is usable by humans

question: What was the total potential of solar energy found in the estimate?

answer: 1,575–49,837 EJ per year

text: 1,575–49,837 EJ per year


text: As a result of the confusion in Greece at the end of the Second Macedonian War, the Seleucid Empire also became entangled with the Romans. The Seleucid Antiochus III had allied with Philip V of Macedon in 203 BC, agreeing that they should jointly conquer the lands of the boy-king of Egypt, Ptolemy V. After defeating Ptolemy in the Fifth Syrian War, Antiochus concentrated on occupying the Ptolemaic possessions in Asia Minor. However, this brought Antiochus into conflict with Rhodes and Pergamum, two important Roman allies, and began a 'cold war' between Rome and Antiochus (not helped by the presence of Hannibal at the Seleucid court). Meanwhile, in mainland Greece, the Aetolian League, which had sided with Rome against Macedon, now grew to resent the Roman presence in Greece. This presented Antiochus III with a pretext to invade Greece and 'liberate' it from Roman influence, thus starting the Roman-Syrian War (192–188 BC). In 191 BC, the Romans under Manius Acilius Glabrio routed him at Thermopylae and obliged him to withdraw to Asia. During the course of this war Roman troops moved into Asia for the first time, where they defeated Antiochus again at the Battle of Magnesia (190 BC). A crippling treaty was imposed on Antiochus, with Seleucid possessions in Asia Minor removed and given to Rhodes and Pergamum, the size of the Seleucid navy reduced, and a massive war indemnity invoked.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: confusion

text: in

text: Greece

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Macedonian

text: War

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: Empire

text: also

text: became

text: entangled

text: with

text: the

text: Romans

text: The

text: Seleucid

text: Antiochus

text: III

text: had

text: allied

text: with

text: Philip

text: V

text: of

text: Macedon

text: in

text: BC

text: agreeing

text: that

text: they

text: should

text: jointly

text: conquer

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: the

text: boy

text: king

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Ptolemy

text: V.

text: After

text: defeating

text: Ptolemy

text: in

text: the

text: Fifth

text: Syrian

text: War

text: Antiochus

text: concentrated

text: on

text: occupying

text: the

text: Ptolemaic

text: possessions

text: in

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: However

text: this

text: brought

text: Antiochus

text: into

text: conflict

text: with

text: Rhodes

text: and

text: Pergamum

text: two

text: important

text: Roman

text: allies

text: and

text: began

text: a

text: cold

text: war

text: between

text: Rome

text: and

text: Antiochus

text: not

text: helped

text: by

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: Hannibal

text: at

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: court

text: Meanwhile

text: in

text: mainland

text: Greece

text: the

text: Aetolian

text: League

text: which

text: had

text: sided

text: with

text: Rome

text: against

text: Macedon

text: now

text: grew

text: to

text: resent

text: the

text: Roman

text: presence

text: in

text: Greece

text: This

text: presented

text: Antiochus

text: III

text: with

text: a

text: pretext

text: to

text: invade

text: Greece

text: and

text: liberate

text: it

text: from

text: Roman

text: influence

text: thus

text: starting

text: the

text: Roman

text: Syrian

text: War

text: BC

text: In

text: BC

text: the

text: Romans

text: under

text: Manius

text: Acilius

text: Glabrio

text: routed

text: him

text: at

text: Thermopylae

text: and

text: obliged

text: him

text: to

text: withdraw

text: to

text: Asia

text: During

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: this

text: war

text: Roman

text: troops

text: moved

text: into

text: Asia

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: where

text: they

text: defeated

text: Antiochus

text: again

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Magnesia

text: BC

text: A

text: crippling

text: treaty

text: was

text: imposed

text: on

text: Antiochus

text: with

text: Seleucid

text: possessions

text: in

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: removed

text: and

text: given

text: to

text: Rhodes

text: and

text: Pergamum

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: navy

text: reduced

text: and

text: a

text: massive

text: war

text: indemnity

text: invoked

question: Antiochus III allied with what king in 203 BC?

answer: Philip V

text: Philip V

question: Who defeated Ptolemy?

answer: Antiochus

text: Antiochus

question: In what war was Ptolemy defeated?

answer: Fifth Syrian War

text: Fifth Syrian War

question: What war bgean when Antiochus III invaded Greece?

answer: Roman-Syrian War

text: Roman-Syrian War

question: What years did the Roman-Syrian war take place?

answer: 192–188 BC

text: 192–188 BC


text: In September 1997, during the process of revision of racial categories previously declared by OMB directive no. 15, the American Anthropological Association (AAA) recommended that OMB combine the "race" and "ethnicity" categories into one question to appear as "race/ethnicity" for the 2000 US Census. The Interagency Committee agreed, stating that "race" and "ethnicity" were not sufficiently defined and "that many respondents conceptualize 'race' and 'ethnicity' as one in the same  [sic] underscor[ing] the need to consolidate these terms into one category, using a term that is more meaningful to the American people."

title: Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census

text: In

text: September

text: during

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: revision

text: of

text: racial

text: categories

text: previously

text: declared

text: by

text: OMB

text: directive

text: no

text: the

text: American

text: Anthropological

text: Association

text: AAA

text: recommended

text: that

text: OMB

text: combine

text: the

text: race

text: and

text: ethnicity

text: categories

text: into

text: one

text: question

text: to

text: appear

text: as

text: race

text: ethnicity

text: for

text: the

text: US

text: Census

text: The

text: Interagency

text: Committee

text: agreed

text: stating

text: that

text: race

text: and

text: ethnicity

text: were

text: not

text: sufficiently

text: defined

text: and

text: that

text: many

text: respondents

text: conceptualize

text: race

text: and

text: ethnicity

text: as

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: sic

text: underscor[ing

text: the

text: need

text: to

text: consolidate

text: these

text: terms

text: into

text: one

text: category

text: using

text: a

text: term

text: that

text: is

text: more

text: meaningful

text: to

text: the

text: American

text: people

question: What organization recommended that race and ethnicity categories be combined into one question for the 2000 US census?

answer: the American Anthropological Association

text: the American Anthropological Association

question: In what year are or racial categories first revised for the 2000 U.S. Census?

answer: 1997

question: Prior to 1997, where were racial categories declared for the U.S. Census?

answer: OMB directive no. 15

text: OMB directive no. 15

question: How did racial categories appear in the US 2000 census?

answer: race/ethnicity

text: race/ethnicity


text: The Mark 1 in turn quickly became the prototype for the Ferranti Mark 1, the world's first commercially available general-purpose computer. Built by Ferranti, it was delivered to the University of Manchester in February 1951. At least seven of these later machines were delivered between 1953 and 1957, one of them to Shell labs in Amsterdam. In October 1947, the directors of British catering company J. Lyons & Company decided to take an active role in promoting the commercial development of computers. The LEO I computer became operational in April 1951  and ran the world's first regular routine office computer job.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: Mark

text: in

text: turn

text: quickly

text: became

text: the

text: prototype

text: for

text: the

text: Ferranti

text: Mark

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: commercially

text: available

text: general

text: purpose

text: computer

text: Built

text: by

text: Ferranti

text: it

text: was

text: delivered

text: to

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Manchester

text: in

text: February

text: At

text: least

text: seven

text: of

text: these

text: later

text: machines

text: were

text: delivered

text: between

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: them

text: to

text: Shell

text: labs

text: in

text: Amsterdam

text: In

text: October

text: the

text: directors

text: of

text: British

text: catering

text: company

text: J.

text: Lyons

text: Company

text: decided

text: to

text: take

text: an

text: active

text: role

text: in

text: promoting

text: the

text: commercial

text: development

text: of

text: computers

text: The

text: LEO

text: I

text: computer

text: became

text: operational

text: in

text: April

text: and

text: ran

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: regular

text: routine

text: office

text: computer

text: job

question: What was the prototype for the Ferranti Mark 1?

answer: The Mark 1

text: The Mark 1

question: What was the first available computer for the public?

answer: Ferranti Mark 1

text: Ferranti Mark 1

question: When was the Ferranti Mark 1 built?

answer: 1951

question: Where was the Ferranti Mark 1 sent to after it was developed?

answer: University of Manchester

text: University of Manchester

question: When was the LEO 1 computer first operational?

answer: April 1951

text: April 1951


text: In 121 BC, Han forces expelled the Xiongnu from a vast territory spanning the Hexi Corridor to Lop Nur. They repelled a joint Xiongnu-Qiang invasion of this northwestern territory in 111 BC. In that year, the Han court established four new frontier commanderies in this region: Jiuquan, Zhangyi, Dunhuang, and Wuwei. The majority of people on the frontier were soldiers. On occasion, the court forcibly moved peasant farmers to new frontier settlements, along with government-owned slaves and convicts who performed hard labor. The court also encouraged commoners, such as farmers, merchants, landowners, and hired laborers, to voluntarily migrate to the frontier.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: In

text: BC

text: Han

text: forces

text: expelled

text: the

text: Xiongnu

text: from

text: a

text: vast

text: territory

text: spanning

text: the

text: Hexi

text: Corridor

text: to

text: Lop

text: Nur

text: They

text: repelled

text: a

text: joint

text: Xiongnu

text: Qiang

text: invasion

text: of

text: this

text: northwestern

text: territory

text: in

text: BC

text: In

text: that

text: year

text: the

text: Han

text: court

text: established

text: four

text: new

text: frontier

text: commanderies

text: in

text: this

text: region

text: Jiuquan

text: Zhangyi

text: Dunhuang

text: and

text: Wuwei

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: people

text: on

text: the

text: frontier

text: were

text: soldiers

text: On

text: occasion

text: the

text: court

text: forcibly

text: moved

text: peasant

text: farmers

text: to

text: new

text: frontier

text: settlements

text: along

text: with

text: government

text: owned

text: slaves

text: and

text: convicts

text: who

text: performed

text: hard

text: labor

text: The

text: court

text: also

text: encouraged

text: commoners

text: such

text: as

text: farmers

text: merchants

text: landowners

text: and

text: hired

text: laborers

text: to

text: voluntarily

text: migrate

text: to

text: the

text: frontier

question: Who made up a majority of the people on the frontier?

answer: soldiers

text: soldiers

question: Who forced peasant farmers to move to new settlements?

answer: the court

text: the court

question: In what year did Han forces stop a joint Xiongnu-Qiang invasion?

answer: 111 BC

text: 111 BC

question: Where were landowners encouraged to migrate willingly to?

answer: the frontier

text: the frontier

question: How many commanderies in the new frontier were created by the Han court in the year 111 BC?

answer: four

text: four


text: Since the late 18th century, Sanskrit has been transliterated using the Latin alphabet. The system most commonly used today is the IAST (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration), which has been the academic standard since 1888. ASCII-based transliteration schemes have also evolved because of difficulties representing Sanskrit characters in computer systems. These include Harvard-Kyoto and ITRANS, a transliteration scheme that is used widely on the Internet, especially in Usenet and in email, for considerations of speed of entry as well as rendering issues. With the wide availability of Unicode-aware web browsers, IAST has become common online. It is also possible to type using an alphanumeric keyboard and transliterate to Devanagari using software like Mac OS X's international support.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Since

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: Sanskrit

text: has

text: been

text: transliterated

text: using

text: the

text: Latin

text: alphabet

text: The

text: system

text: most

text: commonly

text: used

text: today

text: is

text: the

text: IAST

text: International

text: Alphabet

text: of

text: Sanskrit

text: Transliteration

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: academic

text: standard

text: since

text: ASCII

text: based

text: transliteration

text: schemes

text: have

text: also

text: evolved

text: because

text: of

text: difficulties

text: representing

text: Sanskrit

text: characters

text: in

text: computer

text: systems

text: These

text: include

text: Harvard

text: Kyoto

text: and

text: ITRANS

text: a

text: transliteration

text: scheme

text: that

text: is

text: used

text: widely

text: on

text: the

text: Internet

text: especially

text: in

text: Usenet

text: and

text: in

text: email

text: for

text: considerations

text: of

text: speed

text: of

text: entry

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: rendering

text: issues

text: With

text: the

text: wide

text: availability

text: of

text: Unicode

text: aware

text: web

text: browsers

text: IAST

text: has

text: become

text: common

text: online

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: possible

text: to

text: type

text: using

text: an

text: alphanumeric

text: keyboard

text: and

text: transliterate

text: to

text: Devanagari

text: using

text: software

text: like

text: Mac

text: OS

text: X

text: 's

text: international

text: support

question: From what time has the Latin alphabet been used to transcribe Sanskrit?

answer: late 18th century

text: late 18th century

question: What transliteration system is most common today?

answer: IAST

text: IAST

question: How long has IAST been the standard system used for transliteration of Sanskrit?

answer: since 1888

text: since 1888

question: What is used in transliteration for computer systems?

answer: ASCII

text: ASCII

question: What transliteration scheme is often used on the internet?

answer: ITRANS

text: ITRANS


text: The end of a treaty, the eschatocol (or closing protocol), is often signaled by a clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof," the parties have affixed their signatures, followed by the words "DONE at," then the site(s) of the treaty's execution and the date(s) of its execution. The date is typically written in its most formal, longest possible form. For example, the Charter of the United Nations was "DONE at the city of San Francisco the twenty-sixth day of June, one thousand nine hundred and forty-five." If the treaty is executed in multiple copies in different languages, that fact is always noted, and is followed by a stipulation that the versions in different languages are equally authentic.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: The

text: end

text: of

text: a

text: treaty

text: the

text: eschatocol

text: or

text: closing

text: protocol

text: is

text: often

text: signaled

text: by

text: a

text: clause

text: like

text: in

text: witness

text: whereof

text: or

text: in

text: faith

text: whereof

text: the

text: parties

text: have

text: affixed

text: their

text: signatures

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: words

text: DONE

text: at

text: then

text: the

text: site(s

text: of

text: the

text: treaty

text: 's

text: execution

text: and

text: the

text: date(s

text: of

text: its

text: execution

text: The

text: date

text: is

text: typically

text: written

text: in

text: its

text: most

text: formal

text: longest

text: possible

text: form

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: Charter

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: was

text: DONE

text: at

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: San

text: Francisco

text: the

text: twenty

text: sixth

text: day

text: of

text: June

text: one

text: thousand

text: nine

text: hundred

text: and

text: forty

text: five

text: If

text: the

text: treaty

text: is

text: executed

text: in

text: multiple

text: copies

text: in

text: different

text: languages

text: that

text: fact

text: is

text: always

text: noted

text: and

text: is

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: stipulation

text: that

text: the

text: versions

text: in

text: different

text: languages

text: are

text: equally

text: authentic

question: What is the formal name for the closing protocol of a treaty?

answer: the eschatocol

text: the eschatocol

question: What typically follows the signatures in a treaty?

answer: the site(s) of the treaty's execution and the date(s)

text: the site(s) of the treaty's execution and the date(s)

question: How is the date typically written in a treaty?

answer: its most formal, longest possible form

text: its most formal, longest possible form

question: What is the nature of the different versions of a treaty executed in multiple languages?

answer: equally authentic

text: equally authentic

question: A clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof" typically signals what in a treaty?

answer: The end

text: The end


text: While he searched for enlightenment, Gautama combined the yoga practice of his teacher Kalama with what later became known as "the immeasurables".[dubious – discuss] Gautama thus invented a new kind of human, one without egotism.[dubious – discuss] What Thich Nhat Hanh calls the "Four Immeasurable Minds" of love, compassion, joy, and equanimity[full citation needed] are also known as brahmaviharas, divine abodes, or simply as four immeasurables.[web 5] Pema Chödrön calls them the "four limitless ones". Of the four, mettā or loving-kindness meditation is perhaps the best known.[web 5] The Four Immeasurables are taught as a form of meditation that cultivates "wholesome attitudes towards all sentient beings."[web 6][web 7]

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: While

text: he

text: searched

text: for

text: enlightenment

text: Gautama

text: combined

text: the

text: yoga

text: practice

text: of

text: his

text: teacher

text: Kalama

text: with

text: what

text: later

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: immeasurables".[dubious

text: discuss

text: Gautama

text: thus

text: invented

text: a

text: new

text: kind

text: of

text: human

text: one

text: without

text: egotism.[dubious

text: discuss

text: What

text: Thich

text: Nhat

text: Hanh

text: calls

text: the

text: Four

text: Immeasurable

text: Minds

text: of

text: love

text: compassion

text: joy

text: and

text: equanimity[full

text: citation

text: needed

text: are

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: brahmaviharas

text: divine

text: abodes

text: or

text: simply

text: as

text: four

text: immeasurables.[web

text: Pema

text: Chödrön

text: calls

text: them

text: the

text: four

text: limitless

text: ones

text: Of

text: the

text: four

text: mettā

text: or

text: loving

text: kindness

text: meditation

text: is

text: perhaps

text: the

text: best

text: known.[web

text: The

text: Four

text: Immeasurables

text: are

text: taught

text: as

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: meditation

text: that

text: cultivates

text: wholesome

text: attitudes

text: towards

text: all

text: sentient

text: beings."[web

question: During his search for enlightenment, Gautama combined what teachings?

answer: the yoga practice of his teacher Kalama with what later became known as "the immeasurables"

text: the yoga practice of his teacher Kalama with what later became known as "the immeasurables"

question: What was the new kind of human invented by Gautama?

answer: one without egotism

text: one without egotism

question: What are the Four Immeasurable Minds also known as?

answer: brahmaviharas, divine abodes, or simply as four immeasurables

text: brahmaviharas, divine abodes, or simply as four immeasurables

question: What is the best known of the four immeasurables?

answer: mettā or loving-kindness meditation

text: mettā or loving-kindness meditation

question: The Four Immeasurables are taught as a form of meditation that cultivates what?

answer: wholesome attitudes towards all sentient beings

text: wholesome attitudes towards all sentient beings

question: Gautama combined the yoga practice of what teacher?

answer: Kalama

text: Kalama

question: Gautama invented a new kind of human without what?

answer: egotism

text: egotism

question: What are the "four Immeasurable minds"?

answer: love, compassion, joy, and equanimity

text: love, compassion, joy, and equanimity

question: Who calls the four immeasurable minds "four limitless ones"?

answer: Pema Chödrön

text: Pema Chödrön

question: The Four Immeasurables are taught as a form of what?

answer: meditation

text: meditation