text: The Air Force also provides Commissioned Officer Training (COT) for officers of all three components who are direct-commissioned to non-line positions due to their credentials in medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration. Originally viewed as a "knife and fork school" that covered little beyond basic wear of the uniform, COT in recent years has been fully integrated into the OTS program and today encompasses extensive coursework as well as field exercises in leadership, confidence, fitness, and deployed-environment operations.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: The

text: Air

text: Force

text: also

text: provides

text: Commissioned

text: Officer

text: Training

text: COT

text: for

text: officers

text: of

text: all

text: three

text: components

text: who

text: are

text: direct

text: commissioned

text: to

text: non

text: line

text: positions

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: credentials

text: in

text: medicine

text: law

text: religion

text: biological

text: sciences

text: or

text: healthcare

text: administration

text: Originally

text: viewed

text: as

text: a

text: knife

text: and

text: fork

text: school

text: that

text: covered

text: little

text: beyond

text: basic

text: wear

text: of

text: the

text: uniform

text: COT

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: has

text: been

text: fully

text: integrated

text: into

text: the

text: OTS

text: program

text: and

text: today

text: encompasses

text: extensive

text: coursework

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: field

text: exercises

text: in

text: leadership

text: confidence

text: fitness

text: and

text: deployed

text: environment

text: operations

question: What does the Air Force provide for officers of direct to non-line positions?

answer: Commissioned Officer Training

text: Commissioned Officer Training

question: What fields of study in the COT are included in this area of the USAF?

answer: medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration

text: medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration

question: What is an example of the coursework now offered in the COT in the USAF?

answer: deployed-environment operations

text: deployed-environment operations


text: Articles 46–53 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties set out the only ways that treaties can be invalidated—considered unenforceable and void under international law. A treaty will be invalidated due to either the circumstances by which a state party joined the treaty, or due to the content of the treaty itself. Invalidation is separate from withdrawal, suspension, or termination (addressed above), which all involve an alteration in the consent of the parties of a previously valid treaty rather than the invalidation of that consent in the first place.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: Articles

text: of

text: the

text: Vienna

text: Convention

text: on

text: the

text: Law

text: of

text: Treaties

text: set

text: out

text: the

text: only

text: ways

text: that

text: treaties

text: can

text: be

text: invalidated

text: considered

text: unenforceable

text: and

text: void

text: under

text: international

text: law

text: A

text: treaty

text: will

text: be

text: invalidated

text: due

text: to

text: either

text: the

text: circumstances

text: by

text: which

text: a

text: state

text: party

text: joined

text: the

text: treaty

text: or

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: content

text: of

text: the

text: treaty

text: itself

text: Invalidation

text: is

text: separate

text: from

text: withdrawal

text: suspension

text: or

text: termination

text: addressed

text: above

text: which

text: all

text: involve

text: an

text: alteration

text: in

text: the

text: consent

text: of

text: the

text: parties

text: of

text: a

text: previously

text: valid

text: treaty

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: invalidation

text: of

text: that

text: consent

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: place

question: Which articles of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties set out the ways that treaties can be invalidated?

answer: Articles 46–53

text: Articles 46–53

question: In addition to the circumstances by which a state party joined a treaty, why might a treaty be invalidated?

answer: the content of the treaty itself

text: the content of the treaty itself

question: In addition to the content of the treaty itself, why might a treated by invalidated?

answer: the circumstances by which a state party joined the treaty

text: the circumstances by which a state party joined the treaty

question: A treaty might be considered what if it's considered unenforceable and void under international law?

answer: invalidated

text: invalidated

question: Which processes simply alter the consent given by parties to a previously valid treaty rather than invalidating the consent completely?

answer: withdrawal, suspension, or termination

text: withdrawal, suspension, or termination


text: New York is a prominent location for the American entertainment industry, with many films, television series, books, and other media being set there. As of 2012, New York City was the second largest center for filmmaking and television production in the United States, producing about 200 feature films annually, employing 130,000 individuals, and generating an estimated $7.1 billion in direct expenditures, and by volume, New York is the world leader in independent film production; one-third of all American independent films are produced in New York City. The Association of Independent Commercial Producers is also based in New York. In the first five months of 2014 alone, location filming for television pilots in New York City exceeded the record production levels for all of 2013, with New York surpassing Los Angeles as the top North American city for the same distinction during the 2013/2014 cycle.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: a

text: prominent

text: location

text: for

text: the

text: American

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: with

text: many

text: films

text: television

text: series

text: books

text: and

text: other

text: media

text: being

text: set

text: there

text: As

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: center

text: for

text: filmmaking

text: and

text: television

text: production

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: producing

text: about

text: feature

text: films

text: annually

text: employing

text: individuals

text: and

text: generating

text: an

text: estimated

text: billion

text: in

text: direct

text: expenditures

text: and

text: by

text: volume

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: leader

text: in

text: independent

text: film

text: production

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: all

text: American

text: independent

text: films

text: are

text: produced

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: The

text: Association

text: of

text: Independent

text: Commercial

text: Producers

text: is

text: also

text: based

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: five

text: months

text: of

text: alone

text: location

text: filming

text: for

text: television

text: pilots

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: exceeded

text: the

text: record

text: production

text: levels

text: for

text: all

text: of

text: with

text: New

text: York

text: surpassing

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: as

text: the

text: top

text: North

text: American

text: city

text: for

text: the

text: same

text: distinction

text: during

text: the

text: cycle

question: Approximately how many feature films are made in New York City every year?

answer: 200

question: How many New Yorkers work in the television and film industry?

answer: 130,000

question: How much money does the New York film and television industry create every year?

answer: $7.1 billion

text: $7.1 billion

question: What United States city is the second most popular for pilot episode location filming?

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles


text: In 1988 Imperial merged with St Mary's Hospital Medical School, becoming The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine. In 1995 Imperial launched its own academic publishing house, Imperial College Press, in partnership with World Scientific. Imperial merged with the National Heart and Lung Institute in 1995 and the Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, Royal Postgraduate Medical School (RPMS) and the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in 1997. In the same year the Imperial College School of Medicine was formally established and all of the property of Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, the National Heart and Lung Institute and the Royal Postgraduate Medical School were transferred to Imperial as the result of the Imperial College Act 1997. In 1998 the Sir Alexander Fleming Building was opened by Queen Elizabeth II to provide a headquarters for the College's medical and biomedical research.

title: Imperial_College_London

title: Imperial_College_London

text: In

text: Imperial

text: merged

text: with

text: St

text: Mary

text: 's

text: Hospital

text: Medical

text: School

text: becoming

text: The

text: Imperial

text: College

text: of

text: Science

text: Technology

text: and

text: Medicine

text: In

text: Imperial

text: launched

text: its

text: own

text: academic

text: publishing

text: house

text: Imperial

text: College

text: Press

text: in

text: partnership

text: with

text: World

text: Scientific

text: Imperial

text: merged

text: with

text: the

text: National

text: Heart

text: and

text: Lung

text: Institute

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Charing

text: Cross

text: and

text: Westminster

text: Medical

text: School

text: Royal

text: Postgraduate

text: Medical

text: School

text: RPMS

text: and

text: the

text: Institute

text: of

text: Obstetrics

text: and

text: Gynaecology

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: the

text: Imperial

text: College

text: School

text: of

text: Medicine

text: was

text: formally

text: established

text: and

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: property

text: of

text: Charing

text: Cross

text: and

text: Westminster

text: Medical

text: School

text: the

text: National

text: Heart

text: and

text: Lung

text: Institute

text: and

text: the

text: Royal

text: Postgraduate

text: Medical

text: School

text: were

text: transferred

text: to

text: Imperial

text: as

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Imperial

text: College

text: Act

text: In

text: the

text: Sir

text: Alexander

text: Fleming

text: Building

text: was

text: opened

text: by

text: Queen

text: Elizabeth

text: II

text: to

text: provide

text: a

text: headquarters

text: for

text: the

text: College

text: 's

text: medical

text: and

text: biomedical

text: research

question: In which year did Imperial merge with St Mary's Hospital Medical School?

answer: 1988

question: Which school resulted from Imperial's merger with St Mary's?

answer: The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine

text: The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine

question: Who did Imperial partner with to launch the Imperial College Press?

answer: World Scientific

text: World Scientific

question: What year was the Imperial College School of Medicine formally established?

answer: 1997

question: What is the name of the building that was opened by Queen Elizabeth II?

answer: Sir Alexander Fleming Building

text: Sir Alexander Fleming Building


text: FDR's New Deal programs often contained equal opportunity clauses stating "no discrimination shall be made on account of race, color or creed",:11 but the true forerunner to affirmative action was the Interior Secretary of the time, Harold L. Ickes. Ickes prohibited discrimination in hiring for Public Works Administration funded projects and oversaw not only the institution of a quota system, where contractors were required to employ a fixed percentage of Black workers, by Robert C. Weaver and Clark Foreman,:12 but also the equal pay of women proposed by Harry Hopkins.:14FDR's largest contribution to affirmative action, however, lay in his Executive Order 8802 which prohibited discrimination in the defense industry or government.:22 The executive order promoted the idea that if taxpayer funds were accepted through a government contract, then all taxpayers should have an equal opportunity to work through the contractor.:23–4 To enforce this idea, Roosevelt created the Fair Employment Practices Committee (FEPC) with the power to investigate hiring practices by government contractors.:22

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: FDR

text: 's

text: New

text: Deal

text: programs

text: often

text: contained

text: equal

text: opportunity

text: clauses

text: stating

text: no

text: discrimination

text: shall

text: be

text: made

text: on

text: account

text: of

text: race

text: color

text: or

text: but

text: the

text: true

text: forerunner

text: to

text: affirmative

text: action

text: was

text: the

text: Interior

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: Harold

text: L.

text: Ickes

text: Ickes

text: prohibited

text: discrimination

text: in

text: hiring

text: for

text: Public

text: Works

text: Administration

text: funded

text: projects

text: and

text: oversaw

text: not

text: only

text: the

text: institution

text: of

text: a

text: quota

text: system

text: where

text: contractors

text: were

text: required

text: to

text: employ

text: a

text: fixed

text: percentage

text: of

text: Black

text: workers

text: by

text: Robert

text: C.

text: Weaver

text: and

text: Clark

text: but

text: also

text: the

text: equal

text: pay

text: of

text: women

text: proposed

text: by

text: Harry

text: 's

text: largest

text: contribution

text: to

text: affirmative

text: action

text: however

text: lay

text: in

text: his

text: Executive

text: Order

text: which

text: prohibited

text: discrimination

text: in

text: the

text: defense

text: industry

text: or

text: The

text: executive

text: order

text: promoted

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: if

text: taxpayer

text: funds

text: were

text: accepted

text: through

text: a

text: government

text: contract

text: then

text: all

text: taxpayers

text: should

text: have

text: an

text: equal

text: opportunity

text: to

text: work

text: through

text: the

text: To

text: enforce

text: this

text: idea

text: Roosevelt

text: created

text: the

text: Fair

text: Employment

text: Practices

text: Committee

text: FEPC

text: with

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: investigate

text: hiring

text: practices

text: by

text: government

question: Who was the true backer of the cause of affirmative action?

answer: Harold L. Ickes

text: Harold L. Ickes

question: What position of power did Harold L. Ickes hold?

answer: Interior Secretary

text: Interior Secretary

question: The first introduction of a quota system mandated that contractors had to do what?

answer: employ a fixed percentage of Black workers

text: employ a fixed percentage of Black workers

question: Which piece of legislation prevented any discrimination in the defense industry and government?

answer: Executive Order 8802

text: Executive Order 8802

question: What does the FEPC stand for?

answer: Fair Employment Practices Committee

text: Fair Employment Practices Committee


text: Melbourne has four airports. Melbourne Airport, at Tullamarine, is the city's main international and domestic gateway and second busiest in Australia. The airport is home base for passenger airlines Jetstar Airways and Tiger Airways Australia and cargo airlines Australian air Express and Toll Priority; and is a major hub for Qantas and Virgin Australia. Avalon Airport, located between Melbourne and Geelong, is a secondary hub of Jetstar. It is also used as a freight and maintenance facility. Buses and taxis are the only forms of public transport to and from the city's main airports. Air Ambulance facilities are available for domestic and international transportation of patients. Melbourne also has a significant general aviation airport, Moorabbin Airport in the city's south east that also handles a small number of passenger flights. Essendon Airport, which was once the city's main airport also handles passenger flights, general aviation and some cargo flights.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

text: has

text: four

text: airports

text: Melbourne

text: Airport

text: at

text: Tullamarine

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: main

text: international

text: and

text: domestic

text: gateway

text: and

text: second

text: busiest

text: in

text: Australia

text: The

text: airport

text: is

text: home

text: base

text: for

text: passenger

text: airlines

text: Jetstar

text: Airways

text: and

text: Tiger

text: Airways

text: Australia

text: and

text: cargo

text: airlines

text: Australian

text: air

text: Express

text: and

text: Toll

text: Priority

text: and

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: hub

text: for

text: Qantas

text: and

text: Virgin

text: Australia

text: Avalon

text: Airport

text: located

text: between

text: Melbourne

text: and

text: Geelong

text: is

text: a

text: secondary

text: hub

text: of

text: Jetstar

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: freight

text: and

text: maintenance

text: facility

text: Buses

text: and

text: taxis

text: are

text: the

text: only

text: forms

text: of

text: public

text: transport

text: to

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: main

text: airports

text: Air

text: Ambulance

text: facilities

text: are

text: available

text: for

text: domestic

text: and

text: international

text: transportation

text: of

text: patients

text: Melbourne

text: also

text: has

text: a

text: significant

text: general

text: aviation

text: airport

text: Moorabbin

text: Airport

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: south

text: east

text: that

text: also

text: handles

text: a

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: passenger

text: flights

text: Essendon

text: Airport

text: which

text: was

text: once

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: main

text: airport

text: also

text: handles

text: passenger

text: flights

text: general

text: aviation

text: and

text: some

text: cargo

text: flights

question: How many airports does Melbourne have?

answer: four

text: four

question: Which airport is the city's main international and domestic gateway?

answer: Melbourne Airport

text: Melbourne Airport

question: Which airport is the second busiest in all of Australia?

answer: Melbourne Airport

text: Melbourne Airport

question: What are the only forms of public transport to and from the city's main airports?

answer: Buses and taxis

text: Buses and taxis


text: In recognition of his senior position in the Allied command, on December 20, 1944, he was promoted to General of the Army, equivalent to the rank of Field Marshal in most European armies. In this and the previous high commands he held, Eisenhower showed his great talents for leadership and diplomacy. Although he had never seen action himself, he won the respect of front-line commanders. He interacted adeptly with allies such as Winston Churchill, Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery and General Charles de Gaulle. He had serious disagreements with Churchill and Montgomery over questions of strategy, but these rarely upset his relationships with them. He dealt with Soviet Marshal Zhukov, his Russian counterpart, and they became good friends.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: In

text: recognition

text: of

text: his

text: senior

text: position

text: in

text: the

text: Allied

text: command

text: on

text: December

text: he

text: was

text: promoted

text: to

text: General

text: of

text: the

text: Army

text: equivalent

text: to

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: Field

text: Marshal

text: in

text: most

text: European

text: armies

text: In

text: this

text: and

text: the

text: previous

text: high

text: commands

text: he

text: held

text: Eisenhower

text: showed

text: his

text: great

text: talents

text: for

text: leadership

text: and

text: diplomacy

text: Although

text: he

text: had

text: never

text: seen

text: action

text: himself

text: he

text: won

text: the

text: respect

text: of

text: front

text: line

text: commanders

text: He

text: interacted

text: adeptly

text: with

text: allies

text: such

text: as

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: Field

text: Marshal

text: Bernard

text: Montgomery

text: and

text: General

text: Charles

text: de

text: Gaulle

text: He

text: had

text: serious

text: disagreements

text: with

text: Churchill

text: and

text: Montgomery

text: over

text: questions

text: of

text: strategy

text: but

text: these

text: rarely

text: upset

text: his

text: relationships

text: with

text: them

text: He

text: dealt

text: with

text: Soviet

text: Marshal

text: Zhukov

text: his

text: Russian

text: counterpart

text: and

text: they

text: became

text: good

text: friends

question: What European rank was equivalent to that of General of the Army?

answer: Field Marshal

text: Field Marshal

question: On what date did Eisenhower receive his General of the Army appointment?

answer: December 20, 1944

text: December 20, 1944

question: Along with Montgomery, with whom did Eisenhower disagree on strategy?

answer: Churchill

text: Churchill

question: What Soviet military leader was a counterpart of Eisenhower?

answer: Zhukov

text: Zhukov

question: What rank was held by de Gaulle?

answer: General

text: General


text: Melbourne is also an important financial centre. Two of the big four banks, NAB and ANZ, are headquartered in Melbourne. The city has carved out a niche as Australia's leading centre for superannuation (pension) funds, with 40% of the total, and 65% of industry super-funds including the $109 billion-dollar Federal Government Future Fund. The city was rated 41st within the top 50 financial cities as surveyed by the MasterCard Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index (2008), second only to Sydney (12th) in Australia. Melbourne is Australia's second-largest industrial centre. It is the Australian base for a number of significant manufacturers including Boeing, truck-makers Kenworth and Iveco, Cadbury as well as Bombardier Transportation and Jayco, among many others. It is also home to a wide variety of other manufacturers, ranging from petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals to fashion garments, paper manufacturing and food processing. The south-eastern suburb of Scoresby is home to Nintendo's Australian headquarters. The city also boasts a research and development hub for Ford Australia, as well as a global design studio and technical centre for General Motors and Toyota respectively.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: also

text: an

text: important

text: financial

text: centre

text: Two

text: of

text: the

text: big

text: four

text: banks

text: NAB

text: and

text: ANZ

text: are

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Melbourne

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: carved

text: out

text: a

text: niche

text: as

text: Australia

text: 's

text: leading

text: centre

text: for

text: superannuation

text: pension

text: funds

text: with

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: and

text: of

text: industry

text: super

text: funds

text: including

text: the

text: billion

text: dollar

text: Federal

text: Government

text: Future

text: Fund

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: rated

text: within

text: the

text: top

text: financial

text: cities

text: as

text: surveyed

text: by

text: the

text: MasterCard

text: Worldwide

text: Centers

text: of

text: Commerce

text: Index

text: second

text: only

text: to

text: Sydney

text: in

text: Australia

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: Australia

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: industrial

text: centre

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: Australian

text: base

text: for

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: significant

text: manufacturers

text: including

text: Boeing

text: truck

text: makers

text: Kenworth

text: and

text: Iveco

text: Cadbury

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Bombardier

text: Transportation

text: and

text: Jayco

text: among

text: many

text: others

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: other

text: manufacturers

text: ranging

text: from

text: petrochemicals

text: and

text: pharmaceuticals

text: to

text: fashion

text: garments

text: paper

text: manufacturing

text: and

text: food

text: processing

text: The

text: south

text: eastern

text: suburb

text: of

text: Scoresby

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: Nintendo

text: 's

text: Australian

text: headquarters

text: The

text: city

text: also

text: boasts

text: a

text: research

text: and

text: development

text: hub

text: for

text: Ford

text: Australia

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: global

text: design

text: studio

text: and

text: technical

text: centre

text: for

text: General

text: Motors

text: and

text: Toyota

text: respectively

question: How many of the big four banks are headquartered in Melbourne?

answer: Two

text: Two

question: Which two of the big four banks are headquartered in Melbourne?

answer: NAB and ANZ

text: NAB and ANZ

question: Which city is Australia's second-largest industrial centre?

answer: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

question: Which south-eastern suburb is home to Nintendo's Australian headquarters?

answer: Scoresby

text: Scoresby

question: Melbourne is home to a research and development hub for which auto manufacturer?

answer: Ford Australia

text: Ford Australia


text: In terms of sexual identity, adolescence is when most gay/lesbian and transgender adolescents begin to recognize and make sense of their feelings. Many adolescents may choose to come out during this period of their life once an identity has been formed; many others may go through a period of questioning or denial, which can include experimentation with both homosexual and heterosexual experiences. A study of 194 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths under the age of 21 found that having an awareness of one's sexual orientation occurred, on average, around age 10, but the process of coming out to peers and adults occurred around age 16 and 17, respectively. Coming to terms with and creating a positive LGBT identity can be difficult for some youth for a variety of reasons. Peer pressure is a large factor when youth who are questioning their sexuality or gender identity are surrounded by heteronormative peers and can cause great distress due to a feeling of being different from everyone else. While coming out can also foster better psychological adjustment, the risks associated are real. Indeed, coming out in the midst of a heteronormative peer environment often comes with the risk of ostracism, hurtful jokes, and even violence. Because of this, statistically the suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents is up to four times higher than that of their heterosexual peers due to bullying and rejection from peers or family members.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: sexual

text: identity

text: adolescence

text: is

text: when

text: most

text: gay

text: lesbian

text: and

text: transgender

text: adolescents

text: begin

text: to

text: recognize

text: and

text: make

text: sense

text: of

text: their

text: feelings

text: Many

text: adolescents

text: may

text: choose

text: to

text: come

text: out

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: of

text: their

text: life

text: once

text: an

text: identity

text: has

text: been

text: formed

text: many

text: others

text: may

text: go

text: through

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: questioning

text: or

text: denial

text: which

text: can

text: include

text: experimentation

text: with

text: both

text: homosexual

text: and

text: heterosexual

text: experiences

text: A

text: study

text: of

text: lesbian

text: gay

text: and

text: bisexual

text: youths

text: under

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: found

text: that

text: having

text: an

text: awareness

text: of

text: one

text: 's

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: occurred

text: on

text: average

text: around

text: age

text: but

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: coming

text: out

text: to

text: peers

text: and

text: adults

text: occurred

text: around

text: age

text: and

text: respectively

text: Coming

text: to

text: terms

text: with

text: and

text: creating

text: a

text: positive

text: LGBT

text: identity

text: can

text: be

text: difficult

text: for

text: some

text: youth

text: for

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: reasons

text: Peer

text: pressure

text: is

text: a

text: large

text: factor

text: when

text: youth

text: who

text: are

text: questioning

text: their

text: sexuality

text: or

text: gender

text: identity

text: are

text: surrounded

text: by

text: heteronormative

text: peers

text: and

text: can

text: cause

text: great

text: distress

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: feeling

text: of

text: being

text: different

text: from

text: everyone

text: else

text: While

text: coming

text: out

text: can

text: also

text: foster

text: better

text: psychological

text: adjustment

text: the

text: risks

text: associated

text: are

text: real

text: Indeed

text: coming

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: midst

text: of

text: a

text: heteronormative

text: peer

text: environment

text: often

text: comes

text: with

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: ostracism

text: hurtful

text: jokes

text: and

text: even

text: violence

text: Because

text: of

text: this

text: statistically

text: the

text: suicide

text: rate

text: amongst

text: LGBT

text: adolescents

text: is

text: up

text: to

text: four

text: times

text: higher

text: than

text: that

text: of

text: their

text: heterosexual

text: peers

text: due

text: to

text: bullying

text: and

text: rejection

text: from

text: peers

text: or

text: family

text: members

question: At what age does awareness of one's sexual orientation occur on average?

answer: 10

question: At what age does coming out to one's peers occur on average?

answer: 16

question: At what age does coming out to adults occur on average?

answer: 17

question: How many times higher is the suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents than their heterosexual peers?

answer: four

text: four

question: What are factors causing a hightened suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents?

answer: bullying and rejection from peers or family members

text: bullying and rejection from peers or family members


text: Portugal has the largest aquarium in Europe, the Lisbon Oceanarium, and the Portuguese have several other notable organizations focused on science-related exhibits and divulgation, like the state agency Ciência Viva, a programme of the Portuguese Ministry of Science and Technology to the promotion of a scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population, the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Portugal

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: aquarium

text: in

text: Europe

text: the

text: Lisbon

text: Oceanarium

text: and

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: have

text: several

text: other

text: notable

text: organizations

text: focused

text: on

text: science

text: related

text: exhibits

text: and

text: divulgation

text: like

text: the

text: state

text: agency

text: Ciência

text: Viva

text: a

text: programme

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Science

text: and

text: Technology

text: to

text: the

text: promotion

text: of

text: a

text: scientific

text: and

text: technological

text: culture

text: among

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: population

text: the

text: Science

text: Museum

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Coimbra

text: the

text: National

text: Museum

text: of

text: Natural

text: History

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Lisbon

text: and

text: the

text: Visionarium

question: What is the name of the largest European aquarium?

answer: Lisbon Oceanarium

text: Lisbon Oceanarium

question: What does the state agency Ciencia Viva promote?

answer: scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population

text: scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population

question: What are some examples of notable organizations focused on scientific exhibitions?

answer: Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium

text: Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium


text: The most popular term in English-speaking Canada used for a drinking establishment was "tavern", until the 1970s when the term "bar" became widespread as in the United States. In the 1800s the term used was "public house" as in England but "pub culture" did not spread to Canada. A fake "English looking" pub trend started in the 1990s, built into existing storefronts, like regular bars. Most universities in Canada have campus pubs which are central to student life, as it would be bad form just to serve alcohol to students without providing some type of basic food. Often these pubs are run by the student's union. The gastropub concept has caught on, as traditional British influences are to be found in many Canadian dishes. There are now pubs in the large cities of Canada that cater to anyone interested in a "pub" type drinking environment.[citation needed]

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: The

text: most

text: popular

text: term

text: in

text: English

text: speaking

text: Canada

text: used

text: for

text: a

text: drinking

text: establishment

text: was

text: tavern

text: until

text: the

text: when

text: the

text: term

text: bar

text: became

text: widespread

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: term

text: used

text: was

text: public

text: house

text: as

text: in

text: England

text: but

text: pub

text: culture

text: did

text: not

text: spread

text: to

text: Canada

text: A

text: fake

text: English

text: looking

text: pub

text: trend

text: started

text: in

text: the

text: built

text: into

text: existing

text: storefronts

text: like

text: regular

text: bars

text: Most

text: universities

text: in

text: Canada

text: have

text: campus

text: pubs

text: which

text: are

text: central

text: to

text: student

text: life

text: as

text: it

text: would

text: be

text: bad

text: form

text: just

text: to

text: serve

text: alcohol

text: to

text: students

text: without

text: providing

text: some

text: type

text: of

text: basic

text: food

text: Often

text: these

text: pubs

text: are

text: run

text: by

text: the

text: student

text: 's

text: union

text: The

text: gastropub

text: concept

text: has

text: caught

text: on

text: as

text: traditional

text: British

text: influences

text: are

text: to

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: many

text: Canadian

text: dishes

text: There

text: are

text: now

text: pubs

text: in

text: the

text: large

text: cities

text: of

text: Canada

text: that

text: cater

text: to

text: anyone

text: interested

text: in

text: a

text: pub

text: type

text: drinking

text: environment.[citation

text: needed

question: Traditionally, what was the popular term for a drinking establishment in English-speaking Canada?

answer: tavern

text: tavern

question: In what decade did "bar" become the popular term for a drinking establishment in English-speaking Canada?

answer: 1970s

question: In the 19th century, what term was used in English-speaking Canada to describe a drinking establishment?

answer: public house

text: public house

question: What body often runs pubs on the campuses of Canadian universities?

answer: the student's union

text: the student's union

question: In what decade could one find an "English looking" pub trend in Canada?

answer: 1990s


text: By the turn of the 20th century, fears had begun to grow in Britain that it would no longer be able to defend the metropole and the entirety of the empire while at the same time maintaining the policy of "splendid isolation". Germany was rapidly rising as a military and industrial power and was now seen as the most likely opponent in any future war. Recognising that it was overstretched in the Pacific and threatened at home by the Imperial German Navy, Britain formed an alliance with Japan in 1902 and with its old enemies France and Russia in 1904 and 1907, respectively.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: By

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: fears

text: had

text: begun

text: to

text: grow

text: in

text: Britain

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: no

text: longer

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: defend

text: the

text: metropole

text: and

text: the

text: entirety

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: while

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: maintaining

text: the

text: policy

text: of

text: splendid

text: isolation

text: Germany

text: was

text: rapidly

text: rising

text: as

text: a

text: military

text: and

text: industrial

text: power

text: and

text: was

text: now

text: seen

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: likely

text: opponent

text: in

text: any

text: future

text: war

text: Recognising

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: overstretched

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: and

text: threatened

text: at

text: home

text: by

text: the

text: Imperial

text: German

text: Navy

text: Britain

text: formed

text: an

text: alliance

text: with

text: Japan

text: in

text: and

text: with

text: its

text: old

text: enemies

text: France

text: and

text: Russia

text: in

text: and

text: respectively

question: Which country seemed like Britain's most likely threat in the early 20th century?

answer: Germany

text: Germany

question: Which country did Britain ally with in 1902?

answer: Japan

text: Japan

question: Which country did Britain ally with in 1904?

answer: France

text: France

question: Which country did Britain ally with in 1907?

answer: Russia

text: Russia


text: iTunes 7 and above can transfer purchased media of the iTunes Store from an iPod to a computer, provided that computer containing the DRM protected media is authorized to play it.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: iTunes

text: and

text: above

text: can

text: transfer

text: purchased

text: media

text: of

text: the

text: iTunes

text: Store

text: from

text: an

text: iPod

text: to

text: a

text: computer

text: provided

text: that

text: computer

text: containing

text: the

text: DRM

text: protected

text: media

text: is

text: authorized

text: to

text: play

text: it

question: What kind of security determines if files moved to a computer can be played?

answer: DRM

text: DRM

question: What minimum version of iTunes is required to transfer purchased media from an iPod to an authorized computer?

answer: iTunes 7

text: iTunes 7


text: Safari and Mobile Safari were likewise always included with OS X and iOS respectively, so, similarly, they were originally funded by sales of Apple computers and mobile devices, and formed part of the overall Apple experience to customers.

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: Safari

text: and

text: Mobile

text: Safari

text: were

text: likewise

text: always

text: included

text: with

text: OS

text: X

text: and

text: iOS

text: respectively

text: so

text: similarly

text: they

text: were

text: originally

text: funded

text: by

text: sales

text: of

text: Apple

text: computers

text: and

text: mobile

text: devices

text: and

text: formed

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: overall

text: Apple

text: experience

text: to

text: customers

question: What browser was automatically included with OS X?

answer: Safari

text: Safari


text: The superstructure of a carrier (such as the bridge, flight control tower) are concentrated in a relatively small area called an island, a feature pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923. While the island is usually built on the starboard side of the fight deck, the Japanese aircraft carriers Akagi and Hiryū had their islands built on the port side. Very few carriers have been designed or built without an island. The flush deck configuration proved to have significant drawbacks, primary of which was management of the exhaust from the power plant. Fumes coming across the deck were a major issue in USS Langley. In addition, lack of an island meant difficulties managing the flight deck, performing air traffic control, a lack of radar housing placements and problems with navigating and controlling the ship itself.

title: Aircraft_carrier

title: Aircraft_carrier

text: The

text: superstructure

text: of

text: a

text: carrier

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: bridge

text: flight

text: control

text: tower

text: are

text: concentrated

text: in

text: a

text: relatively

text: small

text: area

text: called

text: an

text: island

text: a

text: feature

text: pioneered

text: on

text: the

text: HMS

text: Hermes

text: in

text: While

text: the

text: island

text: is

text: usually

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: starboard

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: fight

text: deck

text: the

text: Japanese

text: aircraft

text: carriers

text: Akagi

text: and

text: Hiryū

text: had

text: their

text: islands

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: port

text: side

text: Very

text: few

text: carriers

text: have

text: been

text: designed

text: or

text: built

text: without

text: an

text: island

text: The

text: flush

text: deck

text: configuration

text: proved

text: to

text: have

text: significant

text: drawbacks

text: primary

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: management

text: of

text: the

text: exhaust

text: from

text: the

text: power

text: plant

text: Fumes

text: coming

text: across

text: the

text: deck

text: were

text: a

text: major

text: issue

text: in

text: USS

text: Langley

text: In

text: addition

text: lack

text: of

text: an

text: island

text: meant

text: difficulties

text: managing

text: the

text: flight

text: deck

text: performing

text: air

text: traffic

text: control

text: a

text: lack

text: of

text: radar

text: housing

text: placements

text: and

text: problems

text: with

text: navigating

text: and

text: controlling

text: the

text: ship

text: itself

question: What feature was pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923?

answer: an island

text: an island

question: What is concentrated in the small area called an island?

answer: The superstructure of a carrier

text: The superstructure of a carrier

question: Other than Japanese carriers, which side of the flight deck are islands typically built on?

answer: starboard

text: starboard

question: What was the biggest drawback to the flush deck configuration?

answer: management of the exhaust from the power plant

text: management of the exhaust from the power plant

question: What was a major issue in the USS Langley?

answer: Fumes coming across the deck

text: Fumes coming across the deck


text: The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains.

title: Old_English

title: Old_English

text: The

text: four

text: main

text: dialectal

text: forms

text: of

text: Old

text: English

text: were

text: Mercian

text: Northumbrian

text: Kentish

text: and

text: West

text: Saxon

text: Mercian

text: and

text: Northumbrian

text: are

text: together

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Anglian

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: geography

text: the

text: Northumbrian

text: region

text: lay

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Humber

text: River

text: the

text: Mercian

text: lay

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Thames

text: and

text: South

text: of

text: the

text: Humber

text: River

text: West

text: Saxon

text: lay

text: south

text: and

text: southwest

text: of

text: the

text: Thames

text: and

text: the

text: smallest

text: Kentish

text: region

text: lay

text: southeast

text: of

text: the

text: Thames

text: a

text: small

text: corner

text: of

text: England

text: The

text: Kentish

text: region

text: settled

text: by

text: the

text: Jutes

text: from

text: Jutland

text: has

text: the

text: scantiest

text: literary

text: remains

question: Along with West Saxon, Northumbrian and Mercian, what was one of the four main dialects of Old English?

answer: Kentish

text: Kentish

question: What is a term that collectively refers to Northumbrian and Mercian?

answer: Anglian

text: Anglian

question: Geographically, what river was Northumbria north of?

answer: Humber

text: Humber

question: What river was the Mercian region south of?

answer: Humber

text: Humber

question: Which of the Old English dialects covered the smallest geograhical region?

answer: Kentish

text: Kentish


text: The Yellowstone River rises on the continental divide near Younts Peak in Wyoming's Teton Wilderness. It flows north through Yellowstone National Park, enters Montana near Gardiner, and passes through the Paradise Valley to Livingston. It then flows northeasterly across the state through Billings, Miles City, Glendive, and Sidney. The Yellowstone joins the Missouri in North Dakota just east of Fort Union. It is the longest undammed, free-flowing river in the contiguous United States, and drains about a quarter of Montana (36,000 square miles (93,000 km2)).

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: The

text: Yellowstone

text: River

text: rises

text: on

text: the

text: continental

text: divide

text: near

text: Younts

text: Peak

text: in

text: Wyoming

text: 's

text: Teton

text: Wilderness

text: It

text: flows

text: north

text: through

text: Yellowstone

text: National

text: Park

text: enters

text: Montana

text: near

text: Gardiner

text: and

text: passes

text: through

text: the

text: Paradise

text: Valley

text: to

text: Livingston

text: It

text: then

text: flows

text: northeasterly

text: across

text: the

text: state

text: through

text: Billings

text: Miles

text: City

text: Glendive

text: and

text: Sidney

text: The

text: Yellowstone

text: joins

text: the

text: Missouri

text: in

text: North

text: Dakota

text: just

text: east

text: of

text: Fort

text: Union

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: longest

text: undammed

text: free

text: flowing

text: river

text: in

text: the

text: contiguous

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: drains

text: about

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: Montana

text: square

text: miles

question: Which direction does the Yellowstone River flow through the national park?

answer: north

text: north

question: Where does the Yellowstone meet the Missouri river?

answer: North Dakota

text: North Dakota


text: After the preamble comes numbered articles, which contain the substance of the parties' actual agreement. Each article heading usually encompasses a paragraph. A long treaty may further group articles under chapter headings.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: After

text: the

text: preamble

text: comes

text: numbered

text: articles

text: which

text: contain

text: the

text: substance

text: of

text: the

text: parties

text: actual

text: agreement

text: Each

text: article

text: heading

text: usually

text: encompasses

text: a

text: paragraph

text: A

text: long

text: treaty

text: may

text: further

text: group

text: articles

text: under

text: chapter

text: headings

question: What follows the preamble in a treaty?

answer: numbered articles

text: numbered articles

question: What is contained in the numbered articles of a treaty?

answer: the substance of the parties' actual agreement

text: the substance of the parties' actual agreement

question: What does each article heading usually encompass?

answer: a paragraph

text: a paragraph

question: How might the articles in a long treaty be grouped?

answer: under chapter headings

text: under chapter headings

question: The numbered articles of a treaty may be grouped by chapter heading in what kind of treaty?

answer: A long treaty

text: A long treaty


text: The Islamic Prophet Muhammad carried out a siege against the Banu Qaynuqa tribe known as the Invasion of Banu Qaynuqa in February 624  Muhammad ordered his followers to attack the Banu Qaynuqa Jews for allegedly breaking the treaty known as the Constitution of Medina by pinning the clothes of a Muslim woman, which led to her being stripped naked As a result, a Muslim killed a Jew in retaliation, and the Jews in turn killed the Muslim man. This escalated to a chain of revenge killings, and enmity grew between Muslims and the Banu Qaynuqa, leading to the siege of their fortress.:122 The tribe eventually surrendered to Muhammad, who initially wanted to kill the members of Banu Qaynuqa but ultimately yielded to Abdullah ibn Ubayy's insistence and agreed to expel the Qaynuqa.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: The

text: Islamic

text: Prophet

text: Muhammad

text: carried

text: out

text: a

text: siege

text: against

text: the

text: Banu

text: Qaynuqa

text: tribe

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Invasion

text: of

text: Banu

text: Qaynuqa

text: in

text: February

text: Muhammad

text: ordered

text: his

text: followers

text: to

text: attack

text: the

text: Banu

text: Qaynuqa

text: Jews

text: for

text: allegedly

text: breaking

text: the

text: treaty

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Constitution

text: of

text: Medina

text: by

text: pinning

text: the

text: clothes

text: of

text: a

text: Muslim

text: woman

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: her

text: being

text: stripped

text: naked

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: a

text: Muslim

text: killed

text: a

text: Jew

text: in

text: retaliation

text: and

text: the

text: Jews

text: in

text: turn

text: killed

text: the

text: Muslim

text: man

text: This

text: escalated

text: to

text: a

text: chain

text: of

text: revenge

text: killings

text: and

text: enmity

text: grew

text: between

text: Muslims

text: and

text: the

text: Banu

text: Qaynuqa

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: siege

text: of

text: their

text: The

text: tribe

text: eventually

text: surrendered

text: to

text: Muhammad

text: who

text: initially

text: wanted

text: to

text: kill

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: Banu

text: Qaynuqa

text: but

text: ultimately

text: yielded

text: to

text: Abdullah

text: ibn

text: Ubayy

text: 's

text: insistence

text: and

text: agreed

text: to

text: expel

text: the

text: Qaynuqa

question: The Islamic Prophet Muhammad carried out a siege against what tribe in February 624?

answer: the Banu Qaynuqa tribe

text: the Banu Qaynuqa tribe

question: Muhammad ordered his followers to attack the Banu Qaynuqa Jews for allegedly breaking what treaty?

answer: the Constitution of Medina

text: the Constitution of Medina

question: Who's insistence led the Prophet Muhammad to expel the Banu Qaynuqa Jews instead of kill them?

answer: Abdullah ibn Ubayy

text: Abdullah ibn Ubayy

question: Pinning the clothes of a Muslim woman, which led to her being what, was the action that allegedly violated the Constitution of Medina?

answer: stripped naked

text: stripped naked

question: What chained actions resulted from the alleged violation of the Constitution of Medina by the Banu Qaynuqa Jews?

answer: revenge killings

text: revenge killings


text: On St. George's Night (Estonian: Jüriöö ülestõus) 23 April 1343, the indigenous Estonian population in the Duchy of Estonia, the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek and the insular territories of the State of the Teutonic Order tried to rid themselves of the Danish and German rulers and landlords, who had conquered the country in the 13th century during the Livonian crusade, and to eradicate the non-indigenous Christian religion. After initial success the revolt was ended by the invasion of the Teutonic Order. In 1346 the Duchy of Estonia was sold for 19,000 Köln marks to the Teutonic Order by the King of Denmark. The shift of sovereignty from Denmark to the State of the Teutonic Order took place on 1 November 1346.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: On

text: St.

text: George

text: 's

text: Night

text: Estonian

text: Jüriöö

text: ülestõus

text: April

text: the

text: indigenous

text: Estonian

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Estonia

text: the

text: Bishopric

text: of

text: Ösel

text: Wiek

text: and

text: the

text: insular

text: territories

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: the

text: Teutonic

text: Order

text: tried

text: to

text: rid

text: themselves

text: of

text: the

text: Danish

text: and

text: German

text: rulers

text: and

text: landlords

text: who

text: had

text: conquered

text: the

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: during

text: the

text: Livonian

text: crusade

text: and

text: to

text: eradicate

text: the

text: non

text: indigenous

text: Christian

text: religion

text: After

text: initial

text: success

text: the

text: revolt

text: was

text: ended

text: by

text: the

text: invasion

text: of

text: the

text: Teutonic

text: Order

text: In

text: the

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Estonia

text: was

text: sold

text: for

text: Köln

text: marks

text: to

text: the

text: Teutonic

text: Order

text: by

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Denmark

text: The

text: shift

text: of

text: sovereignty

text: from

text: Denmark

text: to

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: the

text: Teutonic

text: Order

text: took

text: place

text: on

text: November

question: What is the date of St. George's Night?

answer: 23 April 1343

text: 23 April 1343

question: When did the indigenous Estonians try to overthrow their Danish and German rulers?

answer: St. George's Night

text: St. George's Night

question: What belief system did the native Estonians try to remove?

answer: the non-indigenous Christian religion

text: the non-indigenous Christian religion

question: What event ended the uprising?

answer: the invasion of the Teutonic Order.

text: the invasion of the Teutonic Order.

question: What date did sovereignty shift from the state of Denmark?

answer: 1 November 1346

text: 1 November 1346


text: The 2nd, 3rd and 4th Canadian Divisions each has a Regular Force brigade group, and each division except the 1st has two to three Reserve Force brigades groups. In total, there are ten Reserve Force brigade groups. The 5th Canadian Division and the 2nd Canadian Division each have two Reserve Force brigade groups, while the 4th Canadian Division and the 3rd Canadian Division each have three Reserve Force brigade groups. Major training and support establishments exist at CFB Gagetown, CFB Montreal and CFB Wainwright.

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

text: The

text: and

text: Canadian

text: Divisions

text: each

text: has

text: a

text: Regular

text: Force

text: brigade

text: group

text: and

text: each

text: division

text: except

text: the

text: has

text: two

text: to

text: three

text: Reserve

text: Force

text: brigades

text: groups

text: In

text: total

text: there

text: are

text: ten

text: Reserve

text: Force

text: brigade

text: groups

text: The

text: Canadian

text: Division

text: and

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Division

text: each

text: have

text: two

text: Reserve

text: Force

text: brigade

text: groups

text: while

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Division

text: and

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Division

text: each

text: have

text: three

text: Reserve

text: Force

text: brigade

text: groups

text: Major

text: training

text: and

text: support

text: establishments

text: exist

text: at

text: CFB

text: Gagetown

text: CFB

text: Montreal

text: and

text: CFB

text: Wainwright

question: Where is most of the major training performed?

answer: CFB Gagetown, CFB Montreal and CFB Wainwright.

text: CFB Gagetown, CFB Montreal and CFB Wainwright.


text: The ceremonial county of Somerset consists of a two-tier non-metropolitan county, which is administered by Somerset County Council and five district councils, and two unitary authority areas (whose councils combine the functions of a county and a district). The five districts of Somerset are West Somerset, South Somerset, Taunton Deane, Mendip, and Sedgemoor. The two unitary authorities — which were established on 1 April 1996 following the break-up of the short-lived county of Avon — are North Somerset, and Bath & North East Somerset.

title: Somerset

title: Somerset

text: The

text: ceremonial

text: county

text: of

text: Somerset

text: consists

text: of

text: a

text: two

text: tier

text: non

text: metropolitan

text: county

text: which

text: is

text: administered

text: by

text: Somerset

text: County

text: Council

text: and

text: five

text: district

text: councils

text: and

text: two

text: unitary

text: authority

text: areas

text: whose

text: councils

text: combine

text: the

text: functions

text: of

text: a

text: county

text: and

text: a

text: district

text: The

text: five

text: districts

text: of

text: Somerset

text: are

text: West

text: Somerset

text: South

text: Somerset

text: Taunton

text: Deane

text: Mendip

text: and

text: Sedgemoor

text: The

text: two

text: unitary

text: authorities

text: which

text: were

text: established

text: on

text: April

text: following

text: the

text: break

text: up

text: of

text: the

text: short

text: lived

text: county

text: of

text: Avon

text: are

text: North

text: Somerset

text: and

text: Bath

text: North

text: East

text: Somerset

question: How many tiers  does somerset county consist of

answer: The ceremonial county of Somerset consists of a two-tier non-metropolitan county

text: The ceremonial county of Somerset consists of a two-tier non-metropolitan county

question: What are the 5 districts of Somerset

answer: The five districts of Somerset are West Somerset, South Somerset, Taunton Deane, Mendip, and Sedgemoor

text: The five districts of Somerset are West Somerset, South Somerset, Taunton Deane, Mendip, and Sedgemoor

question: What 2 Unitary authorities were established in april 1996

answer: North Somerset, and Bath & North East Somerset

text: North Somerset, and Bath & North East Somerset


text: By the time Oklahoma was admitted to the Union in 1907, Oklahoma City had surpassed Guthrie, the territorial capital, as the population center and commercial hub of the new state. Soon after, the capital was moved from Guthrie to Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City was a major stop on Route 66 during the early part of the 20th century; it was prominently mentioned in Bobby Troup's 1946 jazz classic, "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66", later made famous by artist Nat King Cole.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: Oklahoma

text: was

text: admitted

text: to

text: the

text: Union

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: had

text: surpassed

text: Guthrie

text: the

text: territorial

text: capital

text: as

text: the

text: population

text: center

text: and

text: commercial

text: hub

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: state

text: Soon

text: after

text: the

text: capital

text: was

text: moved

text: from

text: Guthrie

text: to

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: was

text: a

text: major

text: stop

text: on

text: Route

text: during

text: the

text: early

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: it

text: was

text: prominently

text: mentioned

text: in

text: Bobby

text: Troup

text: 's

text: jazz

text: classic

text: Get

text: Your

text: Kicks

text: on

text: Route

text: later

text: made

text: famous

text: by

text: artist

text: Nat

text: King

text: Cole

question: What year was Oklahoma city entered into the Union?

answer: 1907

question: What was the capital of Oklahoma before Oklahoma city?

answer: Guthrie

text: Guthrie

question: What route made Oklahoma city a major stop?

answer: Route 66

text: Route 66

question: Who wrote the Jazz oldie "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66"?

answer: Bobby Troup

text: Bobby Troup

question: Which artist made Bobby Troup's song famous?

answer: Nat King Cole

text: Nat King Cole


text: Some developing countries that had seen strong economic growth saw significant slowdowns. For example, growth forecasts in Cambodia show a fall from more than 10% in 2007 to close to zero in 2009, and Kenya may achieve only 3–4% growth in 2009, down from 7% in 2007. According to the research by the Overseas Development Institute, reductions in growth can be attributed to falls in trade, commodity prices, investment and remittances sent from migrant workers (which reached a record $251 billion in 2007, but have fallen in many countries since). This has stark implications and has led to a dramatic rise in the number of households living below the poverty line, be it 300,000 in Bangladesh or 230,000 in Ghana. Especially states with a fragile political system have to fear that investors from Western states withdraw their money because of the crisis. Bruno Wenn of the German DEG recommends to provide a sound economic policymaking and good governance to attract new investors

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: Some

text: developing

text: countries

text: that

text: had

text: seen

text: strong

text: economic

text: growth

text: saw

text: significant

text: slowdowns

text: For

text: example

text: growth

text: forecasts

text: in

text: Cambodia

text: show

text: a

text: fall

text: from

text: more

text: than

text: in

text: to

text: close

text: to

text: zero

text: in

text: and

text: Kenya

text: may

text: achieve

text: only

text: growth

text: in

text: down

text: from

text: in

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: research

text: by

text: the

text: Overseas

text: Development

text: Institute

text: reductions

text: in

text: growth

text: can

text: be

text: attributed

text: to

text: falls

text: in

text: trade

text: commodity

text: prices

text: investment

text: and

text: remittances

text: sent

text: from

text: migrant

text: workers

text: which

text: reached

text: a

text: record

text: billion

text: in

text: but

text: have

text: fallen

text: in

text: many

text: countries

text: since

text: This

text: has

text: stark

text: implications

text: and

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: dramatic

text: rise

text: in

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: households

text: living

text: below

text: the

text: poverty

text: line

text: be

text: it

text: in

text: Bangladesh

text: or

text: in

text: Ghana

text: Especially

text: states

text: with

text: a

text: fragile

text: political

text: system

text: have

text: to

text: fear

text: that

text: investors

text: from

text: Western

text: states

text: withdraw

text: their

text: money

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: crisis

text: Bruno

text: Wenn

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: DEG

text: recommends

text: to

text: provide

text: a

text: sound

text: economic

text: policymaking

text: and

text: good

text: governance

text: to

text: attract

text: new

text: investors

question: What is the growth forecast for Cambodia in 2009?

answer: close to zero

text: close to zero

question: How much were remittances sent from migrant workers in 2007?

answer: $251 billion

text: $251 billion

question: How many people live below the poverty line in Bangladesh?

answer: 300,000

question: What does Bruno Wenn of the German DEG recommend to attract new investors?

answer: sound economic policymaking and good governance

text: sound economic policymaking and good governance

question: According to Overseas Development Institute, what is one reason for the reduction in growth in developing countries?

answer: falls in trade

text: falls in trade


text: In 633 AD, Rashidun Arabs invaded Iran and conquered it by 651 AD, largely converting Iranian people from their indigenous faiths of Manichaeism and Zoroastrianism to Sunni Islam. Arabic replaced Persian as the official language, while Persian remained the language of both ordinary people and of literature. Iran became a major contributor to the Islamic Golden Age, producing many influential scientists, scholars, artists, and thinkers. Establishment of the Safavid Dynasty in 1501, converted the Iranian people from Sunni Islam to Twelver Shia Islam, and made Twelver Shia Islam the official religion of Iran. Safavid conversion of Iran from Sunnism to Shiism marked one of the most important turning points in Iranian and Muslim history. Starting in 1736 under Nader Shah, Iran reached its greatest territorial extent since the Sassanid Empire, briefly possessing what was arguably the most powerful empire at the time. During the 19th century, Iran irrevocably lost swaths of its territories in the Caucasus which made part of the concept of Iran for centuries, to neighboring Imperial Russia. Popular unrest culminated in the Persian Constitutional Revolution of 1906, which established a constitutional monarchy and the country's first Majles (parliament). Following a coup d'état instigated by the U.K. and the U.S. in 1953, Iran gradually became close allies with the United States and the rest of the West, remained secular, but grew increasingly autocratic. Growing dissent against foreign influence and political repression culminated in the 1979 Revolution, which led to the establishment of an Islamic republic on 1 April 1979.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: In

text: AD

text: Rashidun

text: Arabs

text: invaded

text: Iran

text: and

text: conquered

text: it

text: by

text: AD

text: largely

text: converting

text: Iranian

text: people

text: from

text: their

text: indigenous

text: faiths

text: of

text: Manichaeism

text: and

text: Zoroastrianism

text: to

text: Sunni

text: Islam

text: Arabic

text: replaced

text: Persian

text: as

text: the

text: official

text: language

text: while

text: Persian

text: remained

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: both

text: ordinary

text: people

text: and

text: of

text: literature

text: Iran

text: became

text: a

text: major

text: contributor

text: to

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Golden

text: Age

text: producing

text: many

text: influential

text: scientists

text: scholars

text: artists

text: and

text: thinkers

text: Establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Safavid

text: Dynasty

text: in

text: converted

text: the

text: Iranian

text: people

text: from

text: Sunni

text: Islam

text: to

text: Twelver

text: Shia

text: Islam

text: and

text: made

text: Twelver

text: Shia

text: Islam

text: the

text: official

text: religion

text: of

text: Iran

text: Safavid

text: conversion

text: of

text: Iran

text: from

text: Sunnism

text: to

text: Shiism

text: marked

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: turning

text: points

text: in

text: Iranian

text: and

text: Muslim

text: history

text: Starting

text: in

text: under

text: Nader

text: Shah

text: Iran

text: reached

text: its

text: greatest

text: territorial

text: extent

text: since

text: the

text: Sassanid

text: Empire

text: briefly

text: possessing

text: what

text: was

text: arguably

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: empire

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: During

text: the

text: century

text: Iran

text: irrevocably

text: lost

text: swaths

text: of

text: its

text: territories

text: in

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: which

text: made

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: Iran

text: for

text: centuries

text: to

text: neighboring

text: Imperial

text: Russia

text: Popular

text: unrest

text: culminated

text: in

text: the

text: Persian

text: Constitutional

text: Revolution

text: of

text: which

text: established

text: a

text: constitutional

text: monarchy

text: and

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: first

text: Majles

text: parliament

text: Following

text: a

text: coup

text: d'état

text: instigated

text: by

text: the

text: U.K.

text: and

text: the

text: U.S.

text: in

text: Iran

text: gradually

text: became

text: close

text: allies

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: remained

text: secular

text: but

text: grew

text: increasingly

text: autocratic

text: Growing

text: dissent

text: against

text: foreign

text: influence

text: and

text: political

text: repression

text: culminated

text: in

text: the

text: Revolution

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: an

text: Islamic

text: republic

text: on

text: April

question: What year did the Rashidun Arabs invade Iran?

answer: 633 AD

text: 633 AD

question: What year did the Rashidun Arabs conquer Iran?

answer: 651 AD

text: 651 AD

question: What religion did the Rashidun Arabs convert the indigenous conquered peoples to?

answer: Sunni Islam

text: Sunni Islam

question: Which country took over Iran's territories in the Caucasus in the 19th Century?

answer: Imperial Russia

text: Imperial Russia

question: What movement led to Iran becoming an Islamic republic in 1979?

answer: 1979 Revolution

text: 1979 Revolution


text: Asked about the liberal, non-democratic rule by a Chilean interviewer, Hayek is translated from German to Spanish to English as having said, "As long term institutions, I am totally against dictatorships. But a dictatorship may be a necessary system for a transitional period. [...] Personally I prefer a liberal dictatorship to democratic government devoid of liberalism. My personal impression – and this is valid for South America – is that in Chile, for example, we will witness a transition from a dictatorial government to a liberal government." In a letter to the London Times, he defended the Pinochet regime and said that he had "not been able to find a single person even in much maligned Chile who did not agree that personal freedom was much greater under Pinochet than it had been under Allende." Hayek admitted that "it is not very likely that this will succeed, even if, at a particular point in time, it may be the only hope there is.", he explained, however, "It is not certain hope, because it will always depend on the goodwill of an individual, and there are very few individuals one can trust. But if it is the sole opportunity which exists at a particular moment it may be the best solution despite this. And only if and when the dictatorial government is visibly directing its steps towards limited democracy".

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: Asked

text: about

text: the

text: liberal

text: non

text: democratic

text: rule

text: by

text: a

text: Chilean

text: interviewer

text: Hayek

text: is

text: translated

text: from

text: German

text: to

text: Spanish

text: to

text: English

text: as

text: having

text: said

text: As

text: long

text: term

text: institutions

text: I

text: am

text: totally

text: against

text: dictatorships

text: But

text: a

text: dictatorship

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: necessary

text: system

text: for

text: a

text: transitional

text: period

text: Personally

text: I

text: prefer

text: a

text: liberal

text: dictatorship

text: to

text: democratic

text: government

text: devoid

text: of

text: liberalism

text: My

text: personal

text: impression

text: and

text: this

text: is

text: valid

text: for

text: South

text: America

text: is

text: that

text: in

text: Chile

text: for

text: example

text: we

text: will

text: witness

text: a

text: transition

text: from

text: a

text: dictatorial

text: government

text: to

text: a

text: liberal

text: government

text: In

text: a

text: letter

text: to

text: the

text: London

text: Times

text: he

text: defended

text: the

text: Pinochet

text: regime

text: and

text: said

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: not

text: been

text: able

text: to

text: find

text: a

text: single

text: person

text: even

text: in

text: much

text: maligned

text: Chile

text: who

text: did

text: not

text: agree

text: that

text: personal

text: freedom

text: was

text: much

text: greater

text: under

text: Pinochet

text: than

text: it

text: had

text: been

text: under

text: Allende

text: Hayek

text: admitted

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: very

text: likely

text: that

text: this

text: will

text: succeed

text: even

text: if

text: at

text: a

text: particular

text: point

text: in

text: time

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: only

text: hope

text: there

text: is

text: he

text: explained

text: however

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: certain

text: hope

text: because

text: it

text: will

text: always

text: depend

text: on

text: the

text: goodwill

text: of

text: an

text: individual

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: very

text: few

text: individuals

text: one

text: can

text: trust

text: But

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: sole

text: opportunity

text: which

text: exists

text: at

text: a

text: particular

text: moment

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: best

text: solution

text: despite

text: this

text: And

text: only

text: if

text: and

text: when

text: the

text: dictatorial

text: government

text: is

text: visibly

text: directing

text: its

text: steps

text: towards

text: limited

text: democracy

question: At what point did Hayek claim dictatorships may be necessary?

answer: a transitional period

text: a transitional period

question: What did Hayek claim to prefer over a democratic government in the absence of liberal ideals?

answer: a liberal dictatorship

text: a liberal dictatorship

question: What did Hayek believe the Chilean government would become in the future?

answer: a liberal government

text: a liberal government

question: As claimed by Hayek, Chilean citizens had more freedom under which ruler?

answer: Pinochet

text: Pinochet


text: In December 1993, the Famicom received a similar redesign. It also loads cartridges through a covered slot on the top of the unit and uses non-hardwired controllers. Because HVC-101 used composite video output instead of being RF only like the HVC-001, Nintendo marketed the newer model as the AV Famicom (AV仕様ファミコン, Eibui Shiyō Famikon?). Since the new controllers don't have microphones on them like the second controller on the original console, certain games such as the Disk System version of The Legend of Zelda and Raid on Bungeling Bay will have certain tricks that cannot be replicated when played on an HVC-101 Famicom without a modded controller. However, the HVC-101 Famicom is compatible with most NES controllers due to having the same controller port. Nintendo had also released a 3D graphic capable headset. However, this peripheral was never released outside Japan.[citation needed]

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: In

text: December

text: the

text: Famicom

text: received

text: a

text: similar

text: redesign

text: It

text: also

text: loads

text: cartridges

text: through

text: a

text: covered

text: slot

text: on

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: unit

text: and

text: uses

text: non

text: hardwired

text: controllers

text: Because

text: used

text: composite

text: video

text: output

text: instead

text: of

text: being

text: RF

text: only

text: like

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: marketed

text: the

text: newer

text: model

text: as

text: the

text: AV

text: Famicom

text: AV仕様ファミコン

text: Eibui

text: Shiyō

text: Famikon

text: Since

text: the

text: new

text: controllers

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: microphones

text: on

text: them

text: like

text: the

text: second

text: controller

text: on

text: the

text: original

text: console

text: certain

text: games

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Disk

text: System

text: version

text: of

text: The

text: Legend

text: of

text: Zelda

text: and

text: Raid

text: on

text: Bungeling

text: Bay

text: will

text: have

text: certain

text: tricks

text: that

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: replicated

text: when

text: played

text: on

text: an

text: Famicom

text: without

text: a

text: modded

text: controller

text: However

text: the

text: Famicom

text: is

text: compatible

text: with

text: most

text: NES

text: controllers

text: due

text: to

text: having

text: the

text: same

text: controller

text: port

text: Nintendo

text: had

text: also

text: released

text: a

text: graphic

text: capable

text: headset

text: However

text: this

text: peripheral

text: was

text: never

text: released

text: outside

text: Japan.[citation

text: needed

question: What month and year did the Famicom receive a redesign?

answer: December 1993

text: December 1993

question: What used composite video output?

answer: HVC-101

question: What device was RF only?

answer: HVC-001

question: What was the newer model called?

answer: AV Famicom

text: AV Famicom

question: What did Nintendo release in Japan only?

answer: 3D graphic capable headset

text: 3D graphic capable headset


text: Selfridges was established in 1909 by American-born Harry Gordon Selfridge on Oxford Street. The company's innovative marketing promoted the radical notion of shopping for pleasure rather than necessity and its techniques were adopted by modern department stores the world over. The store was extensively promoted through paid advertising. The shop floors were structured so that goods could be made more accessible to customers. There were elegant restaurants with modest prices, a library, reading and writing rooms, special reception rooms for French, German, American and "Colonial" customers, a First Aid Room, and a Silence Room, with soft lights, deep chairs, and double-glazing, all intended to keep customers in the store as long as possible. Staff members were taught to be on hand to assist customers, but not too aggressively, and to sell the merchandise. Selfridge attracted shoppers with educational and scientific exhibits; – in 1909, Louis Blériot's monoplane was exhibited at Selfridges (Blériot was the first to fly over the English Channel), and the first public demonstration of television by John Logie Baird took place in the department store in 1925.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: Selfridges

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: by

text: American

text: born

text: Harry

text: Gordon

text: Selfridge

text: on

text: Oxford

text: Street

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: innovative

text: marketing

text: promoted

text: the

text: radical

text: notion

text: of

text: shopping

text: for

text: pleasure

text: rather

text: than

text: necessity

text: and

text: its

text: techniques

text: were

text: adopted

text: by

text: modern

text: department

text: stores

text: the

text: world

text: over

text: The

text: store

text: was

text: extensively

text: promoted

text: through

text: paid

text: advertising

text: The

text: shop

text: floors

text: were

text: structured

text: so

text: that

text: goods

text: could

text: be

text: made

text: more

text: accessible

text: to

text: customers

text: There

text: were

text: elegant

text: restaurants

text: with

text: modest

text: prices

text: a

text: library

text: reading

text: and

text: writing

text: rooms

text: special

text: reception

text: rooms

text: for

text: French

text: German

text: American

text: and

text: Colonial

text: customers

text: a

text: First

text: Aid

text: Room

text: and

text: a

text: Silence

text: Room

text: with

text: soft

text: lights

text: deep

text: chairs

text: and

text: double

text: glazing

text: all

text: intended

text: to

text: keep

text: customers

text: in

text: the

text: store

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: possible

text: Staff

text: members

text: were

text: taught

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: hand

text: to

text: assist

text: customers

text: but

text: not

text: too

text: aggressively

text: and

text: to

text: sell

text: the

text: merchandise

text: Selfridge

text: attracted

text: shoppers

text: with

text: educational

text: and

text: scientific

text: exhibits

text: in

text: Louis

text: Blériot

text: 's

text: monoplane

text: was

text: exhibited

text: at

text: Selfridges

text: Blériot

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: fly

text: over

text: the

text: English

text: Channel

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: public

text: demonstration

text: of

text: television

text: by

text: John

text: Logie

text: Baird

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: department

text: store

text: in

question: Who founded Selfridges in 1909?

answer: Harry Gordon Selfridge

text: Harry Gordon Selfridge

question: What made Selfridges different from many department stores at the time?

answer: the radical notion of shopping for pleasure rather than necessity

text: the radical notion of shopping for pleasure rather than necessity

question: How was the store most often presented to the public?

answer: paid advertising

text: paid advertising

question: What sort of customers did Selfridges most often cater to?

answer: shoppers with educational and scientific exhibits

text: shoppers with educational and scientific exhibits


text: At a December 2008 press conference in New Zealand, West spoke about his mother's death for the first time. "It was like losing an arm and a leg and trying to walk through that", he told reporters.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: At

text: a

text: December

text: press

text: conference

text: in

text: New

text: Zealand

text: West

text: spoke

text: about

text: his

text: mother

text: 's

text: death

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: It

text: was

text: like

text: losing

text: an

text: arm

text: and

text: a

text: leg

text: and

text: trying

text: to

text: walk

text: through

text: that

text: he

text: told

text: reporters

question: Where did Kanye first speak on his mother's death?

answer: New Zealand

text: New Zealand

question: Where did Kanye West first speak about his mother's death?

answer: New Zealand

text: New Zealand


text: India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018.

title: Aircraft_carrier

title: Aircraft_carrier

text: India

text: started

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: a

text: long

text: ft

text: Vikrant

text: class

text: aircraft

text: carrier

text: in

text: The

text: new

text: carrier

text: will

text: operate

text: K

text: and

text: naval

text: HAL

text: Tejas

text: aircraft

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: Indian

text: made

text: helicopter

text: HAL

text: Dhruv

text: The

text: ship

text: will

text: be

text: powered

text: by

text: four

text: gas

text: turbine

text: engines

text: and

text: will

text: have

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: nautical

text: miles

text: kilometres

text: carrying

text: officers

text: sailors

text: and

text: aircraft

text: The

text: carrier

text: is

text: being

text: constructed

text: by

text: Cochin

text: Shipyard

text: The

text: ship

text: was

text: launched

text: in

text: August

text: and

text: is

text: scheduled

text: for

text: commissioning

text: in

question: Who started construction of a 40,000-tonne Vikrant-class carrier in 2009?

answer: India

text: India

question: What will power the Indian-made ship?

answer: four gas-turbine engines

text: four gas-turbine engines

question: What will the range of the Indian-made ship be, carrying 160 officers, 1400 sailers, and 30 aircraft?

answer: 8,000 nautical miles

text: 8,000 nautical miles

question: Who is constructing the Indian-made ship?

answer: Cochin Shipyard

text: Cochin Shipyard

question: When was the Indian-made ship launched?

answer: August 2013

text: August 2013


text: The uses of copper in art were not limited to currency: it was used by Renaissance sculptors, in photographic technology known as the daguerreotype, and the Statue of Liberty. Copper plating and copper sheathing for ships' hulls was widespread; the ships of Christopher Columbus were among the earliest to have this feature. The Norddeutsche Affinerie in Hamburg was the first modern electroplating plant starting its production in 1876. The German scientist Gottfried Osann invented powder metallurgy in 1830 while determining the metal's atomic mass; around then it was discovered that the amount and type of alloying element (e.g., tin) to copper would affect bell tones. Flash smelting was developed by Outokumpu in Finland and first applied at Harjavalta in 1949; the energy-efficient process accounts for 50% of the world's primary copper production.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: The

text: uses

text: of

text: copper

text: in

text: art

text: were

text: not

text: limited

text: to

text: currency

text: it

text: was

text: used

text: by

text: Renaissance

text: sculptors

text: in

text: photographic

text: technology

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: daguerreotype

text: and

text: the

text: Statue

text: of

text: Liberty

text: Copper

text: plating

text: and

text: copper

text: sheathing

text: for

text: ships

text: hulls

text: was

text: widespread

text: the

text: ships

text: of

text: Christopher

text: Columbus

text: were

text: among

text: the

text: earliest

text: to

text: have

text: this

text: feature

text: The

text: Norddeutsche

text: Affinerie

text: in

text: Hamburg

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: modern

text: electroplating

text: plant

text: starting

text: its

text: production

text: in

text: The

text: German

text: scientist

text: Gottfried

text: Osann

text: invented

text: powder

text: metallurgy

text: in

text: while

text: determining

text: the

text: metal

text: 's

text: atomic

text: mass

text: around

text: then

text: it

text: was

text: discovered

text: that

text: the

text: amount

text: and

text: type

text: of

text: alloying

text: element

text: e.g.

text: tin

text: to

text: copper

text: would

text: affect

text: bell

text: tones

text: Flash

text: smelting

text: was

text: developed

text: by

text: Outokumpu

text: in

text: Finland

text: and

text: first

text: applied

text: at

text: Harjavalta

text: in

text: the

text: energy

text: efficient

text: process

text: accounts

text: for

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: primary

text: copper

text: production

question: Who used copper to produce art?

answer: Renaissance sculptors

text: Renaissance sculptors

question: What is the photographic technology that uses copper called?

answer: daguerreotype

text: daguerreotype

question: What famous NY city landmark is made from copper?

answer: Statue of Liberty

text: Statue of Liberty

question: What famous explorers ships was one of the first to have it's hulls made of copper?

answer: Christopher Columbus

text: Christopher Columbus

question: When did The Norddeutsche Affinerie electroplating plant first begin production?

answer: 1830


text: The football team plays at Ryan Field (formerly known as Dyche Stadium); the basketball, wrestling, and volleyball teams play at Welsh-Ryan Arena. Northwestern's athletic teams are nicknamed the Wildcats. Before 1924, they were known as "The Purple" and unofficially as "The Fighting Methodists." The name Wildcats was bestowed upon the university in 1924 by Wallace Abbey, a writer for the Chicago Daily Tribune who wrote that even in a loss to the University of Chicago, "Football players had not come down from Evanston; wildcats would be a name better suited to [Coach Glenn] Thistletwaite's boys." The name was so popular that university board members made "wildcats" the official nickname just months later. In 1972, the student body voted to change the official nickname from "Wildcats" to "Purple Haze" but the new name never stuck.

title: Northwestern_University

title: Northwestern_University

text: The

text: football

text: team

text: plays

text: at

text: Ryan

text: Field

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Dyche

text: Stadium

text: the

text: basketball

text: wrestling

text: and

text: volleyball

text: teams

text: play

text: at

text: Welsh

text: Ryan

text: Arena

text: Northwestern

text: 's

text: athletic

text: teams

text: are

text: nicknamed

text: the

text: Wildcats

text: Before

text: they

text: were

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Purple

text: and

text: unofficially

text: as

text: The

text: Fighting

text: Methodists

text: The

text: name

text: Wildcats

text: was

text: bestowed

text: upon

text: the

text: university

text: in

text: by

text: Wallace

text: Abbey

text: a

text: writer

text: for

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Daily

text: Tribune

text: who

text: wrote

text: that

text: even

text: in

text: a

text: loss

text: to

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Chicago

text: Football

text: players

text: had

text: not

text: come

text: down

text: from

text: Evanston

text: wildcats

text: would

text: be

text: a

text: name

text: better

text: suited

text: to

text: Coach

text: Glenn

text: Thistletwaite

text: 's

text: boys

text: The

text: name

text: was

text: so

text: popular

text: that

text: university

text: board

text: members

text: made

text: wildcats

text: the

text: official

text: nickname

text: just

text: months

text: later

text: In

text: the

text: student

text: body

text: voted

text: to

text: change

text: the

text: official

text: nickname

text: from

text: Wildcats

text: to

text: Purple

text: Haze

text: but

text: the

text: new

text: name

text: never

text: stuck

question: Where do Northwestern's basketball, wrestling, and volleyball teams play?

answer: Welsh-Ryan Arena

text: Welsh-Ryan Arena

question: What is the nickname given to Northwestern's athletic teams?

answer: Wildcats

text: Wildcats

question: What was the official nickname of Northwestern's athletic teams prior to 1924?

answer: The Purple

text: The Purple

question: What was the unofficial nickname of the Northwestern athletic teams prior to 1924?

answer: The Fighting Methodists

text: The Fighting Methodists

question: What name did the student body unsuccessfully try to rename the Wildcats in 1972?

answer: Purple Haze

text: Purple Haze


text: Native Americans in the United States make up 0.97% to 2% of the population. In the 2010 census, 2.9 million people self-identified as Native American, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native alone, and 5.2 million people identified as U.S. Native Americans, either alone or in combination with one or more ethnicity or other races. 1.8 million are recognized as enrolled tribal members.[citation needed] Tribes have established their own criteria for membership, which are often based on blood quantum, lineal descent, or residency. A minority of US Native Americans live in land units called Indian reservations. Some California and Southwestern tribes, such as the Kumeyaay, Cocopa, Pascua Yaqui and Apache span both sides of the US–Mexican border. Haudenosaunee people have the legal right to freely cross the US–Canadian border. Athabascan, Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian, Iñupiat, Blackfeet, Nakota, Cree, Anishinaabe, Huron, Lenape, Mi'kmaq, Penobscot, and Haudenosaunee, among others live in both Canada and the US.

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: Native

text: Americans

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: make

text: up

text: to

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: In

text: the

text: census

text: million

text: people

text: self

text: identified

text: as

text: Native

text: American

text: Native

text: Hawaiian

text: and

text: Alaska

text: Native

text: alone

text: and

text: million

text: people

text: identified

text: as

text: U.S.

text: Native

text: Americans

text: either

text: alone

text: or

text: in

text: combination

text: with

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: ethnicity

text: or

text: other

text: races

text: million

text: are

text: recognized

text: as

text: enrolled

text: tribal

text: members.[citation

text: needed

text: Tribes

text: have

text: established

text: their

text: own

text: criteria

text: for

text: membership

text: which

text: are

text: often

text: based

text: on

text: blood

text: quantum

text: lineal

text: descent

text: or

text: residency

text: A

text: minority

text: of

text: US

text: Native

text: Americans

text: live

text: in

text: land

text: units

text: called

text: Indian

text: reservations

text: Some

text: California

text: and

text: Southwestern

text: tribes

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Kumeyaay

text: Cocopa

text: Pascua

text: Yaqui

text: and

text: Apache

text: span

text: both

text: sides

text: of

text: the

text: US

text: Mexican

text: border

text: Haudenosaunee

text: people

text: have

text: the

text: legal

text: right

text: to

text: freely

text: cross

text: the

text: US

text: Canadian

text: border

text: Athabascan

text: Tlingit

text: Haida

text: Tsimshian

text: Iñupiat

text: Blackfeet

text: Nakota

text: Cree

text: Anishinaabe

text: Huron

text: Lenape

text: Mi'kmaq

text: Penobscot

text: and

text: Haudenosaunee

text: among

text: others

text: live

text: in

text: both

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: US

question: What amoun of the United States population is compromised of Native Americans?

answer: 0.97% to 2%

text: 0.97% to 2%

question: How many people identified as Native American in the 2010 census?

answer: 5.2 million

text: 5.2 million

question: How many of the self-identified Native Americans are recognized as enrolled tribal members?

answer: 1.8 million

text: 1.8 million

question: Where do a minority of US Native Americans live?

answer: Indian reservations

text: Indian reservations

question: What tribe has the legal right to freely cross the US-Canadian border?

answer: Haudenosaunee

text: Haudenosaunee

question: What amoun of the United States population is compromised of Native Americans?

answer: 0.97% to 2%

text: 0.97% to 2%

question: How many of the self-identified Native Americans are recognized as enrolled tribal members?

answer: 1.8 million

text: 1.8 million

question: How many people identified as Native American in the 2010 census?

answer: 5.2 million

text: 5.2 million

question: What tribe has the legal right to freely cross the US-Canadian border?

answer: Haudenosaunee

text: Haudenosaunee

question: Where do a minority of US Native Americans live?

answer: Indian reservations

text: Indian reservations