text: Tidewater glaciers are glaciers that terminate in the sea, including most glaciers flowing from Greenland, Antarctica, Baffin and Ellesmere Islands in Canada, Southeast Alaska, and the Northern and Southern Patagonian Ice Fields. As the ice reaches the sea, pieces break off, or calve, forming icebergs. Most tidewater glaciers calve above sea level, which often results in a tremendous impact as the iceberg strikes the water. Tidewater glaciers undergo centuries-long cycles of advance and retreat that are much less affected by the climate change than those of other glaciers.

title: Glacier

title: Glacier

text: Tidewater

text: glaciers

text: are

text: glaciers

text: that

text: terminate

text: in

text: the

text: sea

text: including

text: most

text: glaciers

text: flowing

text: from

text: Greenland

text: Antarctica

text: Baffin

text: and

text: Ellesmere

text: Islands

text: in

text: Canada

text: Southeast

text: Alaska

text: and

text: the

text: Northern

text: and

text: Southern

text: Patagonian

text: Ice

text: Fields

text: As

text: the

text: ice

text: reaches

text: the

text: sea

text: pieces

text: break

text: off

text: or

text: calve

text: forming

text: icebergs

text: Most

text: tidewater

text: glaciers

text: calve

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: which

text: often

text: results

text: in

text: a

text: tremendous

text: impact

text: as

text: the

text: iceberg

text: strikes

text: the

text: water

text: Tidewater

text: glaciers

text: undergo

text: centuries

text: long

text: cycles

text: of

text: advance

text: and

text: retreat

text: that

text: are

text: much

text: less

text: affected

text: by

text: the

text: climate

text: change

text: than

text: those

text: of

text: other

text: glaciers

question: What are glaciers called that end in the sea?

answer: Tidewater glaciers

text: Tidewater glaciers

question: Most glaciers from Greenland, Antarctica, and Southeast Alaska are of which type?

answer: Tidewater glaciers

text: Tidewater glaciers

question: Are tidewater glaciers more or less affected by climate change than other glaciers?

answer: much less

text: much less

question: Do tidewater glaciers calve above or below sea level?

answer: above

text: above

question: How are icebergs formed?

answer: As the ice reaches the sea, pieces break off, or calve

text: As the ice reaches the sea, pieces break off, or calve


text: The 50th anniversary of the novel's release was met with celebrations and reflections on its impact. Eric Zorn of the Chicago Tribune praises Lee's "rich use of language" but writes that the central lesson is that "courage isn't always flashy, isn't always enough, but is always in style". Jane Sullivan in the Sydney Morning Herald agrees, stating that the book "still rouses fresh and horrified indignation" as it examines morality, a topic that has recently become unfashionable. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie writing in The Guardian states that Lee, rare among American novelists, writes with "a fiercely progressive ink, in which there is nothing inevitable about racism and its very foundation is open to question", comparing her to William Faulkner, who wrote about racism as an inevitability. Literary critic Rosemary Goring in Scotland's The Herald notes the connections between Lee and Jane Austen, stating the book's central theme, that "one’s moral convictions are worth fighting for, even at the risk of being reviled" is eloquently discussed.

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

text: The

text: anniversary

text: of

text: the

text: novel

text: 's

text: release

text: was

text: met

text: with

text: celebrations

text: and

text: reflections

text: on

text: its

text: impact

text: Eric

text: Zorn

text: of

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Tribune

text: praises

text: Lee

text: 's

text: rich

text: use

text: of

text: language

text: but

text: writes

text: that

text: the

text: central

text: lesson

text: is

text: that

text: courage

text: is

text: n't

text: always

text: flashy

text: is

text: n't

text: always

text: enough

text: but

text: is

text: always

text: in

text: style

text: Jane

text: Sullivan

text: in

text: the

text: Sydney

text: Morning

text: Herald

text: agrees

text: stating

text: that

text: the

text: book

text: still

text: rouses

text: fresh

text: and

text: horrified

text: indignation

text: as

text: it

text: examines

text: morality

text: a

text: topic

text: that

text: has

text: recently

text: become

text: unfashionable

text: Chimamanda

text: Ngozi

text: Adichie

text: writing

text: in

text: The

text: Guardian

text: states

text: that

text: Lee

text: rare

text: among

text: American

text: novelists

text: writes

text: with

text: a

text: fiercely

text: progressive

text: ink

text: in

text: which

text: there

text: is

text: nothing

text: inevitable

text: about

text: racism

text: and

text: its

text: very

text: foundation

text: is

text: open

text: to

text: question

text: comparing

text: her

text: to

text: William

text: Faulkner

text: who

text: wrote

text: about

text: racism

text: as

text: an

text: inevitability

text: Literary

text: critic

text: Rosemary

text: Goring

text: in

text: Scotland

text: 's

text: The

text: Herald

text: notes

text: the

text: connections

text: between

text: Lee

text: and

text: Jane

text: Austen

text: stating

text: the

text: book

text: 's

text: central

text: theme

text: that

text: one

text: ’s

text: moral

text: convictions

text: are

text: worth

text: fighting

text: for

text: even

text: at

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: being

text: reviled

text: is

text: eloquently

text: discussed

question: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie vompared Lee to whom?

answer: William Faulkner

text: William Faulkner

question: Rosemary  Goring connected Lee to whom?

answer: Jane Austen

text: Jane Austen


text: Static analysis techniques for software verification can be applied also in the scenario of query languages. In particular, the *Abstract interpretation framework has been extended to the field of query languages for relational databases as a way to support sound approximation techniques. The semantics of query languages can be tuned according to suitable abstractions of the concrete domain of data. The abstraction of relational database system has many interesting applications, in particular, for security purposes, such as fine grained access control, watermarking, etc.

title: Database

title: Database

text: Static

text: analysis

text: techniques

text: for

text: software

text: verification

text: can

text: be

text: applied

text: also

text: in

text: the

text: scenario

text: of

text: query

text: languages

text: In

text: particular

text: the

text: Abstract

text: interpretation

text: framework

text: has

text: been

text: extended

text: to

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: query

text: languages

text: for

text: relational

text: databases

text: as

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: support

text: sound

text: approximation

text: techniques

text: The

text: semantics

text: of

text: query

text: languages

text: can

text: be

text: tuned

text: according

text: to

text: suitable

text: abstractions

text: of

text: the

text: concrete

text: domain

text: of

text: data

text: The

text: abstraction

text: of

text: relational

text: database

text: system

text: has

text: many

text: interesting

text: applications

text: in

text: particular

text: for

text: security

text: purposes

text: such

text: as

text: fine

text: grained

text: access

text: control

text: watermarking

text: etc

question: How can static analysis be useful with query languages?

answer: software verification

text: software verification

question: What do query languages support in abstract interpretation frameworks?

answer: sound approximation techniques

text: sound approximation techniques

question: What is a security measure that uses a relational database system?

answer: watermarking

text: watermarking

question: Can query languages be adjusted?

answer: according to suitable abstractions of the concrete domain of data

text: according to suitable abstractions of the concrete domain of data


text: Imperial's main campus is located in the South Kensington area of central London. It is situated in an area of South Kensington, known as Albertopolis, which has a high concentration of cultural and academic institutions, adjacent to the Natural History Museum, the Science Museum, the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Royal College of Music, the Royal College of Art, the Royal Geographical Society and the Royal Albert Hall. Nearby public attractions include the Kensington Palace, Hyde Park and the Kensington Gardens, the National Art Library, and the Brompton Oratory. The expansion of the South Kensington campus in the 1950s & 1960s absorbed the site of the former Imperial Institute, designed by Thomas Collcutt, of which only the 287 foot (87 m) high Queen's Tower remains among the more modern buildings.

title: Imperial_College_London

title: Imperial_College_London

text: Imperial

text: 's

text: main

text: campus

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: Kensington

text: area

text: of

text: central

text: London

text: It

text: is

text: situated

text: in

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: South

text: Kensington

text: known

text: as

text: Albertopolis

text: which

text: has

text: a

text: high

text: concentration

text: of

text: cultural

text: and

text: academic

text: institutions

text: adjacent

text: to

text: the

text: Natural

text: History

text: Museum

text: the

text: Science

text: Museum

text: the

text: Victoria

text: and

text: Albert

text: Museum

text: the

text: Royal

text: College

text: of

text: Music

text: the

text: Royal

text: College

text: of

text: Art

text: the

text: Royal

text: Geographical

text: Society

text: and

text: the

text: Royal

text: Albert

text: Hall

text: Nearby

text: public

text: attractions

text: include

text: the

text: Kensington

text: Palace

text: Hyde

text: Park

text: and

text: the

text: Kensington

text: Gardens

text: the

text: National

text: Art

text: Library

text: and

text: the

text: Brompton

text: Oratory

text: The

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Kensington

text: campus

text: in

text: the

text: absorbed

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: Imperial

text: Institute

text: designed

text: by

text: Thomas

text: Collcutt

text: of

text: which

text: only

text: the

text: foot

text: m

text: high

text: Queen

text: 's

text: Tower

text: remains

text: among

text: the

text: more

text: modern

text: buildings

question: In which area in London is Imperial's main campus located?

answer: South Kensington

text: South Kensington

question: What is the area inside of South Kensington where Imperial is located known as?

answer: Albertopolis

text: Albertopolis

question: In which decade did the expansion of the South Kensington campus being?

answer: 1950s

question: Who designed the Imperial Institue that was a victim of Imperial's expansion in the 1950s & 1960s?

answer: Thomas Collcutt

text: Thomas Collcutt

question: Which landmark still remains from the Imperial Institue after Imperial's expansion?

answer: Queen's Tower

text: Queen's Tower


text: In Mark, Jesus is crucified along with two rebels, and the day goes dark for three hours. Jesus calls out to God, then gives a shout and dies. The curtain of the Temple is torn in two. Matthew follows Mark, adding an earthquake and the resurrection of saints. Luke also follows Mark, though he describes the rebels as common criminals, one of whom defends Jesus, who in turn promises that he (Jesus) and the criminal will be together in paradise. Luke portrays Jesus as impassive in the face of his crucifixion. John includes several of the same elements as those found in Mark, though they are treated differently.

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

text: In

text: Mark

text: Jesus

text: is

text: crucified

text: along

text: with

text: two

text: rebels

text: and

text: the

text: day

text: goes

text: dark

text: for

text: three

text: hours

text: Jesus

text: calls

text: out

text: to

text: God

text: then

text: gives

text: a

text: shout

text: and

text: dies

text: The

text: curtain

text: of

text: the

text: Temple

text: is

text: torn

text: in

text: two

text: Matthew

text: follows

text: Mark

text: adding

text: an

text: earthquake

text: and

text: the

text: resurrection

text: of

text: saints

text: Luke

text: also

text: follows

text: Mark

text: though

text: he

text: describes

text: the

text: rebels

text: as

text: common

text: criminals

text: one

text: of

text: whom

text: defends

text: Jesus

text: who

text: in

text: turn

text: promises

text: that

text: he

text: Jesus

text: and

text: the

text: criminal

text: will

text: be

text: together

text: in

text: paradise

text: Luke

text: portrays

text: Jesus

text: as

text: impassive

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: his

text: crucifixion

text: John

text: includes

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: elements

text: as

text: those

text: found

text: in

text: Mark

text: though

text: they

text: are

text: treated

text: differently

question: Who was crucified with Jesus per Mark?

answer: two rebels

text: two rebels

question: How does Mark say Jesus' life ends?

answer: Jesus calls out to God, then gives a shout and dies

text: Jesus calls out to God, then gives a shout and dies

question: what natural disaster is mention when Jesus died?

answer: an earthquake

text: an earthquake

question: What does Luke say one of the rebels does?

answer: promises that he (Jesus) and the criminal will be together in paradise

text: promises that he (Jesus) and the criminal will be together in paradise

question: How does Luke make Jesus seem at his Crucifixion?

answer: impassive

text: impassive


text: The Gothic vault, unlike the semi-circular vault of Roman and Romanesque buildings, can be used to roof rectangular and irregularly shaped plans such as trapezoids. The other structural advantage is that the pointed arch channels the weight onto the bearing piers or columns at a steep angle. This enabled architects to raise vaults much higher than was possible in Romanesque architecture. While, structurally, use of the pointed arch gave a greater flexibility to architectural form, it also gave Gothic architecture a very different and more vertical visual character than Romanesque.

title: Gothic_architecture

title: Gothic_architecture

text: The

text: Gothic

text: vault

text: unlike

text: the

text: semi

text: circular

text: vault

text: of

text: Roman

text: and

text: Romanesque

text: buildings

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: roof

text: rectangular

text: and

text: irregularly

text: shaped

text: plans

text: such

text: as

text: trapezoids

text: The

text: other

text: structural

text: advantage

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: pointed

text: arch

text: channels

text: the

text: weight

text: onto

text: the

text: bearing

text: piers

text: or

text: columns

text: at

text: a

text: steep

text: angle

text: This

text: enabled

text: architects

text: to

text: raise

text: vaults

text: much

text: higher

text: than

text: was

text: possible

text: in

text: Romanesque

text: architecture

text: While

text: structurally

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: pointed

text: arch

text: gave

text: a

text: greater

text: flexibility

text: to

text: architectural

text: form

text: it

text: also

text: gave

text: Gothic

text: architecture

text: a

text: very

text: different

text: and

text: more

text: vertical

text: visual

text: character

text: than

text: Romanesque

question: Which type of vault can be used for rectangular and trapezoidal shaped roofs?

answer: The Gothic vault

text: The Gothic vault

question: What structural benefit is offered by the Gothic vault?

answer: channels the weight onto the bearing piers or columns at a steep angle

text: channels the weight onto the bearing piers or columns at a steep angle

question: What can architects raise much higher using the Gothic versus the Romanesque variety?

answer: vaults

text: vaults

question: What type of visual character is achieved by using the pointed arch?

answer: more vertical visual character

text: more vertical visual character


text: Like Finnish, Estonian employs the Latin script as the basis for its alphabet, which adds the letters ä, ö, ü, and õ, plus the later additions š and ž. The letters c, q, w, x and y are limited to proper names of foreign origin, and f, z, š, and ž appear in loanwords and foreign names only. Ö and ü are pronounced similarly to their equivalents in Swedish and German. Unlike in standard German but like Finnish and Swedish (when followed by 'r'), Ä is pronounced [æ], as in English mat. The vowels Ä, Ö and Ü are clearly separate phonemes and inherent in Estonian, although the letter shapes come from German. The letter õ denotes /ɤ/, unrounded /o/, or a close-mid back unrounded vowel. It is almost identical to the Bulgarian ъ /ɤ̞/ and the Vietnamese ơ, and is used to transcribe the Russian ы.

title: Estonian_language

title: Estonian_language

text: Like

text: Finnish

text: Estonian

text: employs

text: the

text: Latin

text: script

text: as

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: its

text: alphabet

text: which

text: adds

text: the

text: letters

text: ä

text: ö

text: ü

text: and

text: õ

text: plus

text: the

text: later

text: additions

text: š

text: and

text: ž

text: The

text: letters

text: c

text: q

text: w

text: x

text: and

text: y

text: are

text: limited

text: to

text: proper

text: names

text: of

text: foreign

text: origin

text: and

text: f

text: z

text: š

text: and

text: ž

text: appear

text: in

text: loanwords

text: and

text: foreign

text: names

text: only

text: Ö

text: and

text: ü

text: are

text: pronounced

text: similarly

text: to

text: their

text: equivalents

text: in

text: Swedish

text: and

text: German

text: Unlike

text: in

text: standard

text: German

text: but

text: like

text: Finnish

text: and

text: Swedish

text: when

text: followed

text: by

text: r

text: Ä

text: is

text: pronounced

text: æ

text: as

text: in

text: English

text: mat

text: The

text: vowels

text: Ä

text: Ö

text: and

text: Ü

text: are

text: clearly

text: separate

text: phonemes

text: and

text: inherent

text: in

text: Estonian

text: although

text: the

text: letter

text: shapes

text: come

text: from

text: German

text: The

text: letter

text: õ

text: denotes

text: /ɤ/

text: unrounded

text: /o/

text: or

text: a

text: close

text: mid

text: back

text: unrounded

text: vowel

text: It

text: is

text: almost

text: identical

text: to

text: the

text: Bulgarian

text: ъ

text: /ɤ̞/

text: and

text: the

text: Vietnamese

text: ơ

text: and

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: transcribe

text: the

text: Russian

text: ы.

question: From what script does the Estonian language get its alphabet?

answer: Latin

text: Latin

question: What is another language that uses Latin for its alphabet?

answer: Finnish

text: Finnish

question: In the Estonian language how is the letter A pronounced?

answer: [æ], as in English mat

text: [æ], as in English mat


text: Beta testing comes after alpha testing and can be considered a form of external user acceptance testing. Versions of the software, known as beta versions, are released to a limited audience outside of the programming team known as beta testers. The software is released to groups of people so that further testing can ensure the product has few faults or bugs. Beta versions can be made available to the open public to increase the feedback field to a maximal number of future users and to deliver value earlier, for an extended or even indefinite period of time (perpetual beta).[citation needed]

title: Software_testing

title: Software_testing

text: Beta

text: testing

text: comes

text: after

text: alpha

text: testing

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: considered

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: external

text: user

text: acceptance

text: testing

text: Versions

text: of

text: the

text: software

text: known

text: as

text: beta

text: versions

text: are

text: released

text: to

text: a

text: limited

text: audience

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: programming

text: team

text: known

text: as

text: beta

text: testers

text: The

text: software

text: is

text: released

text: to

text: groups

text: of

text: people

text: so

text: that

text: further

text: testing

text: can

text: ensure

text: the

text: product

text: has

text: few

text: faults

text: or

text: bugs

text: Beta

text: versions

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: available

text: to

text: the

text: open

text: public

text: to

text: increase

text: the

text: feedback

text: field

text: to

text: a

text: maximal

text: number

text: of

text: future

text: users

text: and

text: to

text: deliver

text: value

text: earlier

text: for

text: an

text: extended

text: or

text: even

text: indefinite

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: perpetual

text: beta).[citation

text: needed

question: What typically comes after the Alpha stage in the development and testing of software?

answer: Beta testing

text: Beta testing

question: To whom is the beta testing released to?

answer: limited audience outside of the programming

text: limited audience outside of the programming

question: What is it called when a public test continues indefinitely?

answer: perpetual beta

text: perpetual beta


text: This Act clearly demarcated borders between the Crown and the Company. After this point, the Company functioned as a regularised subsidiary of the Crown, with greater accountability for its actions and reached a stable stage of expansion and consolidation. Having temporarily achieved a state of truce with the Crown, the Company continued to expand its influence to nearby territories through threats and coercive actions. By the middle of the 19th century, the Company's rule extended across most of India, Burma, Malaya, Singapore, and British Hong Kong, and a fifth of the world's population was under its trading influence. In addition, Penang, one of the states in Malaya, became the fourth most important settlement, a presidency, of the Company's Indian territories.

title: East_India_Company

title: East_India_Company

text: This

text: Act

text: clearly

text: demarcated

text: borders

text: between

text: the

text: Crown

text: and

text: the

text: Company

text: After

text: this

text: point

text: the

text: Company

text: functioned

text: as

text: a

text: regularised

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: the

text: Crown

text: with

text: greater

text: accountability

text: for

text: its

text: actions

text: and

text: reached

text: a

text: stable

text: stage

text: of

text: expansion

text: and

text: consolidation

text: Having

text: temporarily

text: achieved

text: a

text: state

text: of

text: truce

text: with

text: the

text: Crown

text: the

text: Company

text: continued

text: to

text: expand

text: its

text: influence

text: to

text: nearby

text: territories

text: through

text: threats

text: and

text: coercive

text: actions

text: By

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Company

text: 's

text: rule

text: extended

text: across

text: most

text: of

text: India

text: Burma

text: Malaya

text: Singapore

text: and

text: British

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: and

text: a

text: fifth

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: population

text: was

text: under

text: its

text: trading

text: influence

text: In

text: addition

text: Penang

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: in

text: Malaya

text: became

text: the

text: fourth

text: most

text: important

text: settlement

text: a

text: presidency

text: of

text: the

text: Company

text: 's

text: Indian

text: territories

question: by the middle of the 19th century how much of the worlds population was effected by EIC and it trade?

answer: fifth

text: fifth

question: To EIC in Malaya what state  was the forth most improtant settlement?

answer: Penang

text: Penang

question: during this time the relationship change between Britian and the EIC. the EIC became more of a what to the crown??

answer: regularised subsidiary

text: regularised subsidiary

question: when EIC become more like a regularised subsidiary  did they have greater or less accountability to the Crown

answer: greater accountability

text: greater accountability


text: The brief success of the Communists also fed into the hands of the British Union of Fascists (BUF). Anti-Semitic attitudes became widespread, particularly in London. Rumours that Jewish support was underpinning the Communist surge were frequent. Rumours that Jews were inflating prices, were responsible for the Black Market, were the first to panic under attack (even the cause of the panic), and secured the best shelters via underhanded methods, were also widespread. Moreover, there was also racial antagonism between the small Black, Indian and Jewish communities. However, the feared race riots did not transpire despite the mixing of different peoples into confined areas.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: The

text: brief

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Communists

text: also

text: fed

text: into

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Union

text: of

text: Fascists

text: BUF

text: Anti

text: Semitic

text: attitudes

text: became

text: widespread

text: particularly

text: in

text: London

text: Rumours

text: that

text: Jewish

text: support

text: was

text: underpinning

text: the

text: Communist

text: surge

text: were

text: frequent

text: Rumours

text: that

text: Jews

text: were

text: inflating

text: prices

text: were

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: Black

text: Market

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: panic

text: under

text: attack

text: even

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: the

text: panic

text: and

text: secured

text: the

text: best

text: shelters

text: via

text: underhanded

text: methods

text: were

text: also

text: widespread

text: Moreover

text: there

text: was

text: also

text: racial

text: antagonism

text: between

text: the

text: small

text: Black

text: Indian

text: and

text: Jewish

text: communities

text: However

text: the

text: feared

text: race

text: riots

text: did

text: not

text: transpire

text: despite

text: the

text: mixing

text: of

text: different

text: peoples

text: into

text: confined

text: areas

question: The success of the Communists helped what political group?

answer: British Union of Fascists (BUF)

text: British Union of Fascists (BUF)

question: Where did anti-semitic attitude spread primarily?

answer: particularly in London

text: particularly in London

question: What was one the rumors that Jews were doing in regard to shelters?

answer: secured the best shelters via underhanded methods

text: secured the best shelters via underhanded methods

question: What was feared would happen when different races were mixed in shelters?

answer: race riots

text: race riots


text: IBM has constantly evolved since its inception. Over the past decade, it has steadily shifted its business mix by exiting commoditizing markets such as PCs, hard disk drives and DRAMs and focusing on higher-value, more profitable markets such as business intelligence, data analytics, business continuity, security, cloud computing, virtualization and green solutions, resulting in a higher quality revenue stream and higher profit margins. IBM's operating margin expanded from 16.8% in 2004 to 24.3% in 2013, and net profit margins expanded from 9.0% in 2004 to 16.5% in 2013.

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: IBM

text: has

text: constantly

text: evolved

text: since

text: its

text: inception

text: Over

text: the

text: past

text: decade

text: it

text: has

text: steadily

text: shifted

text: its

text: business

text: mix

text: by

text: exiting

text: commoditizing

text: markets

text: such

text: as

text: PCs

text: hard

text: disk

text: drives

text: and

text: DRAMs

text: and

text: focusing

text: on

text: higher

text: value

text: more

text: profitable

text: markets

text: such

text: as

text: business

text: intelligence

text: data

text: analytics

text: business

text: continuity

text: security

text: cloud

text: computing

text: virtualization

text: and

text: green

text: solutions

text: resulting

text: in

text: a

text: higher

text: quality

text: revenue

text: stream

text: and

text: higher

text: profit

text: margins

text: IBM

text: 's

text: operating

text: margin

text: expanded

text: from

text: in

text: to

text: in

text: and

text: net

text: profit

text: margins

text: expanded

text: from

text: in

text: to

text: in

question: What was IBM's operating margin in 2004?

answer: 16.8%

question: What were the net profit margins of IBM in 2004?

answer: 9.0%

question: IBM's net profit margins were 16.5% in what year?

answer: 2013

question: IBM's operating margin in 2013 was what?

answer: 24.3%

question: IBM focusing on markets like business continuity, business intelligence, security, and cloud computing is an example of IBM doing what?

answer: exiting commoditizing markets

text: exiting commoditizing markets


text: The First Intermediate Period ushered in a time of political upheaval for about 150 years. Stronger Nile floods and stabilisation of government, however, brought back renewed prosperity for the country in the Middle Kingdom c. 2040 BC, reaching a peak during the reign of Pharaoh Amenemhat III. A second period of disunity heralded the arrival of the first foreign ruling dynasty in Egypt, that of the Semitic Hyksos. The Hyksos invaders took over much of Lower Egypt around 1650 BC and founded a new capital at Avaris. They were driven out by an Upper Egyptian force led by Ahmose I, who founded the Eighteenth Dynasty and relocated the capital from Memphis to Thebes.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: The

text: First

text: Intermediate

text: Period

text: ushered

text: in

text: a

text: time

text: of

text: political

text: upheaval

text: for

text: about

text: years

text: Stronger

text: Nile

text: floods

text: and

text: stabilisation

text: of

text: government

text: however

text: brought

text: back

text: renewed

text: prosperity

text: for

text: the

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: Kingdom

text: c.

text: BC

text: reaching

text: a

text: peak

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Pharaoh

text: Amenemhat

text: III

text: A

text: second

text: period

text: of

text: disunity

text: heralded

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: foreign

text: ruling

text: dynasty

text: in

text: Egypt

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Semitic

text: Hyksos

text: The

text: Hyksos

text: invaders

text: took

text: over

text: much

text: of

text: Lower

text: Egypt

text: around

text: BC

text: and

text: founded

text: a

text: new

text: capital

text: at

text: Avaris

text: They

text: were

text: driven

text: out

text: by

text: an

text: Upper

text: Egyptian

text: force

text: led

text: by

text: Ahmose

text: I

text: who

text: founded

text: the

text: Eighteenth

text: Dynasty

text: and

text: relocated

text: the

text: capital

text: from

text: Memphis

text: to

text: Thebes

question: How long was the upheval of the first Intermediate period?

answer: 150 years

text: 150 years

question: In 1650 BC Lower Egypt was control by what invaders?

answer: Hyksos

text: Hyksos

question: What new capital was founded in 1650, lower Egypt?

answer: Avaris

text: Avaris

question: What was the first foreign ruling dynasty of Egypt?

answer: Semitic Hyksos

text: Semitic Hyksos


text: European regulators introduced Basel III regulations for banks. It increased capital ratios, limits on leverage, narrow definition of capital (to exclude subordinated debt), limit counter-party risk, and new liquidity requirements. Critics argue that Basel III doesn’t address the problem of faulty risk-weightings. Major banks suffered losses from AAA-rated created by financial engineering (which creates apparently risk-free assets out of high risk collateral) that required less capital according to Basel II. Lending to AA-rated sovereigns has a risk-weight of zero, thus increasing lending to governments and leading to the next crisis. Johan Norberg argues that regulations (Basel III among others) have indeed led to excessive lending to risky governments (see European sovereign-debt crisis) and the ECB pursues even more lending as the solution.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: European

text: regulators

text: introduced

text: Basel

text: III

text: regulations

text: for

text: banks

text: It

text: increased

text: capital

text: ratios

text: limits

text: on

text: leverage

text: narrow

text: definition

text: of

text: capital

text: to

text: exclude

text: subordinated

text: debt

text: limit

text: counter

text: party

text: risk

text: and

text: new

text: liquidity

text: requirements

text: Critics

text: argue

text: that

text: Basel

text: III

text: does

text: n’t

text: address

text: the

text: problem

text: of

text: faulty

text: risk

text: weightings

text: Major

text: banks

text: suffered

text: losses

text: from

text: AAA

text: rated

text: created

text: by

text: financial

text: engineering

text: which

text: creates

text: apparently

text: risk

text: free

text: assets

text: out

text: of

text: high

text: risk

text: collateral

text: that

text: required

text: less

text: capital

text: according

text: to

text: Basel

text: II

text: Lending

text: to

text: AA

text: rated

text: sovereigns

text: has

text: a

text: risk

text: weight

text: of

text: zero

text: thus

text: increasing

text: lending

text: to

text: governments

text: and

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: next

text: crisis

text: Johan

text: Norberg

text: argues

text: that

text: regulations

text: Basel

text: III

text: among

text: others

text: have

text: indeed

text: led

text: to

text: excessive

text: lending

text: to

text: risky

text: governments

text: see

text: European

text: sovereign

text: debt

text: crisis

text: and

text: the

text: ECB

text: pursues

text: even

text: more

text: lending

text: as

text: the

text: solution

question: Critics argue that Basel III doesn't address which problem?

answer: faulty risk-weightings

text: faulty risk-weightings

question: What term describes creating risk-free assets out of high risk collateral?

answer: financial engineering

text: financial engineering

question: What did European regulators introduce to increase the oversight of banks?

answer: Basel III regulations

text: Basel III regulations

question: Who argued that regulations led to excessive lending to risky governments?

answer: Johan Norberg

text: Johan Norberg

question: What was increased by Basel III regulations?

answer: capital ratios

text: capital ratios


text:
H
2 is produced in chemistry and biology laboratories, often as a by-product of other reactions; in industry for the hydrogenation of unsaturated substrates; and in nature as a means of expelling reducing equivalents in biochemical reactions.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: H

text: is

text: produced

text: in

text: chemistry

text: and

text: biology

text: laboratories

text: often

text: as

text: a

text: by

text: product

text: of

text: other

text: reactions

text: in

text: industry

text: for

text: the

text: hydrogenation

text: of

text: unsaturated

text: substrates

text: and

text: in

text: nature

text: as

text: a

text: means

text: of

text: expelling

text: reducing

text: equivalents

text: in

text: biochemical

text: reactions

question: How does nature produce H2?

answer: expelling reducing equivalents in biochemical reactions

text: expelling reducing equivalents in biochemical reactions

question: How do labs produce H2?

answer: by-product of other reactions

text: by-product of other reactions


text: Various theories for the decline of the Native American populations emphasize epidemic diseases, conflicts with Europeans, and conflicts among warring tribes. Scholars now believe that, among the various contributing factors, epidemic disease was the overwhelming cause of the population decline of the American natives. Some believe that after first contacts with Europeans and Africans, Old World diseases caused the death of 90 to 95% of the native population of the New World in the following 150 years. Smallpox killed up to one third of the native population of Hispaniola in 1518. By killing the Incan ruler Huayna Capac, smallpox caused the Inca Civil War. Smallpox was only the first epidemic. Typhus (probably) in 1546, influenza and smallpox together in 1558, smallpox again in 1589, diphtheria in 1614, measles in 1618—all ravaged the remains of Inca culture.

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: Various

text: theories

text: for

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: Native

text: American

text: populations

text: emphasize

text: epidemic

text: diseases

text: conflicts

text: with

text: Europeans

text: and

text: conflicts

text: among

text: warring

text: tribes

text: Scholars

text: now

text: believe

text: that

text: among

text: the

text: various

text: contributing

text: factors

text: epidemic

text: disease

text: was

text: the

text: overwhelming

text: cause

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: natives

text: Some

text: believe

text: that

text: after

text: first

text: contacts

text: with

text: Europeans

text: and

text: Africans

text: Old

text: World

text: diseases

text: caused

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: to

text: of

text: the

text: native

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: World

text: in

text: the

text: following

text: years

text: Smallpox

text: killed

text: up

text: to

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: native

text: population

text: of

text: Hispaniola

text: in

text: By

text: killing

text: the

text: Incan

text: ruler

text: Huayna

text: Capac

text: smallpox

text: caused

text: the

text: Inca

text: Civil

text: War

text: Smallpox

text: was

text: only

text: the

text: first

text: epidemic

text: Typhus

text: probably

text: in

text: influenza

text: and

text: smallpox

text: together

text: in

text: smallpox

text: again

text: in

text: diphtheria

text: in

text: measles

text: in

text: ravaged

text: the

text: remains

text: of

text: Inca

text: culture

question: What was the overwhelming reason for the decline of Native American populations?

answer: epidemic disease

text: epidemic disease

question: Old World diseases accounted for up to what percentage of deaths among the native New World population?

answer: 90 to 95%

text: 90 to 95%

question: How long did it take for the Old World diseases to decimate the native population to the extent it did?

answer: 150 years

text: 150 years

question: What disease killed almost a third of the population of Hispaniola in 1518?

answer: Smallpox

text: Smallpox

question: How did smallpox cause the Inca Civil War?

answer: By killing the Incan ruler Huayna Capac

text: By killing the Incan ruler Huayna Capac


text: Only service dress is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion, barring "dirty work" or combat. With gloves, swords, and medals (No. 1 or 1A), it is suitable for ceremonial occasions and "dressed down" (No. 3 or lower), it is suitable for daily wear. Generally, after the elimination of base dress (although still defined for the Air Force uniform), operational dress is now the daily uniform worn by most members of the CF, unless service dress is prescribed (such as at the NDHQ, on parades, at public events, etc.). Approved parkas are authorized for winter wear in cold climates and a light casual jacket is also authorized for cooler days. The navy, most army, and some other units have, for very specific occasions, a ceremonial/regimental full dress, such as the naval "high-collar" white uniform, kilted Highland, Scottish, and Irish regiments, and the scarlet uniforms of the Royal Military Colleges.

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

text: Only

text: service

text: dress

text: is

text: suitable

text: for

text: CAF

text: members

text: to

text: wear

text: on

text: any

text: occasion

text: barring

text: dirty

text: work

text: or

text: combat

text: With

text: gloves

text: swords

text: and

text: medals

text: No

text: or

text: it

text: is

text: suitable

text: for

text: ceremonial

text: occasions

text: and

text: dressed

text: down

text: No

text: or

text: lower

text: it

text: is

text: suitable

text: for

text: daily

text: wear

text: Generally

text: after

text: the

text: elimination

text: of

text: base

text: dress

text: although

text: still

text: defined

text: for

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: uniform

text: operational

text: dress

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: daily

text: uniform

text: worn

text: by

text: most

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: CF

text: unless

text: service

text: dress

text: is

text: prescribed

text: such

text: as

text: at

text: the

text: NDHQ

text: on

text: parades

text: at

text: public

text: events

text: etc

text: Approved

text: parkas

text: are

text: authorized

text: for

text: winter

text: wear

text: in

text: cold

text: climates

text: and

text: a

text: light

text: casual

text: jacket

text: is

text: also

text: authorized

text: for

text: cooler

text: days

text: The

text: navy

text: most

text: army

text: and

text: some

text: other

text: units

text: have

text: for

text: very

text: specific

text: occasions

text: a

text: ceremonial

text: regimental

text: full

text: dress

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: naval

text: high

text: collar

text: white

text: uniform

text: kilted

text: Highland

text: Scottish

text: and

text: Irish

text: regiments

text: and

text: the

text: scarlet

text: uniforms

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Military

text: Colleges

question: What is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion?

answer: service dress

text: service dress

question: What other parts are there to a uniform?

answer: gloves, swords, and medals

text: gloves, swords, and medals

question: What is now the daily uniform worn by members of the CAF?

answer: operational dress is now the daily uniform

text: operational dress is now the daily uniform

question: What can be worn in cold winter weather?

answer: Approved parkas

text: Approved parkas

question: What is only worn for very specific occasions?

answer: a ceremonial/regimental full dress

text: a ceremonial/regimental full dress


text: On October 25, 1989, the Supreme Soviet voted to eliminate special seats for the Communist Party and other official organizations in national and local elections, responding to sharp popular criticism that such reserved slots were undemocratic. After vigorous debate, the 542-member Supreme Soviet passed the measure 254-85 (with 36 abstentions). The decision required a constitutional amendment, ratified by the full congress, which met December 12–25. It also passed measures that would allow direct elections for presidents of each of the 15 constituent republics. Gorbachev strongly opposed such a move during debate but was defeated.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: On

text: October

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: voted

text: to

text: eliminate

text: special

text: seats

text: for

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: and

text: other

text: official

text: organizations

text: in

text: national

text: and

text: local

text: elections

text: responding

text: to

text: sharp

text: popular

text: criticism

text: that

text: such

text: reserved

text: slots

text: were

text: undemocratic

text: After

text: vigorous

text: debate

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: passed

text: the

text: measure

text: with

text: abstentions

text: The

text: decision

text: required

text: a

text: constitutional

text: amendment

text: ratified

text: by

text: the

text: full

text: congress

text: which

text: met

text: December

text: It

text: also

text: passed

text: measures

text: that

text: would

text: allow

text: direct

text: elections

text: for

text: presidents

text: of

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: constituent

text: republics

text: Gorbachev

text: strongly

text: opposed

text: such

text: a

text: move

text: during

text: debate

text: but

text: was

text: defeated

question: What did the Communist Party lose on October 25, 1989 with regards to elections?

answer: special seats

text: special seats

question: Who voted to get rid of the special seats?

answer: the Supreme Soviet

text: the Supreme Soviet

question: When did congress meet to ratify the amendment to remove special election seats?

answer: December 12–25

text: December 12–25


text: Marvel held its own comic book convention, Marvelcon '75, in spring 1975, and promised a Marvelcon '76. At the 1975 event, Stan Lee used a Fantastic Four panel discussion to announce that Jack Kirby, the artist co-creator of most of Marvel's signature characters, was returning to Marvel after having left in 1970 to work for rival DC Comics. In October 1976, Marvel, which already licensed reprints in different countries, including the UK, created a superhero specifically for the British market. Captain Britain debuted exclusively in the UK, and later appeared in American comics.

title: Marvel_Comics

title: Marvel_Comics

text: Marvel

text: held

text: its

text: own

text: comic

text: book

text: convention

text: Marvelcon

text: in

text: spring

text: and

text: promised

text: a

text: Marvelcon

text: At

text: the

text: event

text: Stan

text: Lee

text: used

text: a

text: Fantastic

text: Four

text: panel

text: discussion

text: to

text: announce

text: that

text: Jack

text: Kirby

text: the

text: artist

text: co

text: creator

text: of

text: most

text: of

text: Marvel

text: 's

text: signature

text: characters

text: was

text: returning

text: to

text: Marvel

text: after

text: having

text: left

text: in

text: to

text: work

text: for

text: rival

text: DC

text: Comics

text: In

text: October

text: Marvel

text: which

text: already

text: licensed

text: reprints

text: in

text: different

text: countries

text: including

text: the

text: UK

text: created

text: a

text: superhero

text: specifically

text: for

text: the

text: British

text: market

text: Captain

text: Britain

text: debuted

text: exclusively

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: later

text: appeared

text: in

text: American

text: comics

question: What was Marvel's self-hosted comic book convention called?

answer: Marvelcon

text: Marvelcon

question: What artist's return to Marvel was announced at this event?

answer: Jack Kirby

text: Jack Kirby

question: What Marvel character was specifically created to appeal to the UK market?

answer: Captain Britain

text: Captain Britain

question: When was the first Marvel-sponsored comics convention?

answer: spring 1975

text: spring 1975

question: When did Marvel's British-themed superhero first appear?

answer: October 1976

text: October 1976


text: There were two main techniques in Greco-Roman mosaic: opus vermiculatum used tiny tesserae, typically cubes of 4 millimeters or less, and was produced in workshops in relatively small panels which were transported to the site glued to some temporary support. The tiny tesserae allowed very fine detail, and an approach to the illusionism of painting. Often small panels called emblemata were inserted into walls or as the highlights of larger floor-mosaics in coarser work. The normal technique was opus tessellatum, using larger tesserae, which was laid on site. There was a distinct native Italian style using black on a white background, which was no doubt cheaper than fully coloured work.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: There

text: were

text: two

text: main

text: techniques

text: in

text: Greco

text: Roman

text: mosaic

text: opus

text: vermiculatum

text: used

text: tiny

text: tesserae

text: typically

text: cubes

text: of

text: millimeters

text: or

text: less

text: and

text: was

text: produced

text: in

text: workshops

text: in

text: relatively

text: small

text: panels

text: which

text: were

text: transported

text: to

text: the

text: site

text: glued

text: to

text: some

text: temporary

text: support

text: The

text: tiny

text: tesserae

text: allowed

text: very

text: fine

text: detail

text: and

text: an

text: approach

text: to

text: the

text: illusionism

text: of

text: painting

text: Often

text: small

text: panels

text: called

text: emblemata

text: were

text: inserted

text: into

text: walls

text: or

text: as

text: the

text: highlights

text: of

text: larger

text: floor

text: mosaics

text: in

text: coarser

text: work

text: The

text: normal

text: technique

text: was

text: opus

text: tessellatum

text: using

text: larger

text: tesserae

text: which

text: was

text: laid

text: on

text: site

text: There

text: was

text: a

text: distinct

text: native

text: Italian

text: style

text: using

text: black

text: on

text: a

text: white

text: background

text: which

text: was

text: no

text: doubt

text: cheaper

text: than

text: fully

text: coloured

text: work

question: What type of mosaic uses small tesserae?

answer: opus vermiculatum

text: opus vermiculatum

question: What were small panel mosaics known as?

answer: emblemata

text: emblemata

question: What was the name of the mosaic technique that used larger tesserae?

answer: opus tessellatum

text: opus tessellatum

question: What was the benefit of using small pieces to create a mosaic?

answer: very fine detail

text: very fine detail

question: Why were black and white pieces used in most italian mosaics?

answer: cheaper than fully coloured work

text: cheaper than fully coloured work


text: The Paris department store had its roots in the magasin de nouveautés, or novelty store; the first, the Tapis Rouge, was created in 1784. They flourished in the early 19th century, with La Belle Jardiniere (1824), Aux Trois Quartiers (1829), and Le Petit Saint Thomas (1830). Balzac described their functioning in his novel César Birotteau. In the 1840s, with the arrival of the railroads in Paris and the increased number of shoppers they brought, they grew in size, and began to have large plate glass display windows, fixed prices and price tags, and advertising in newspapers.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: The

text: Paris

text: department

text: store

text: had

text: its

text: roots

text: in

text: the

text: magasin

text: de

text: nouveautés

text: or

text: novelty

text: store

text: the

text: first

text: the

text: Tapis

text: Rouge

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: They

text: flourished

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: with

text: La

text: Belle

text: Jardiniere

text: Aux

text: Trois

text: Quartiers

text: and

text: Le

text: Petit

text: Saint

text: Thomas

text: Balzac

text: described

text: their

text: functioning

text: in

text: his

text: novel

text: César

text: Birotteau

text: In

text: the

text: with

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: the

text: railroads

text: in

text: Paris

text: and

text: the

text: increased

text: number

text: of

text: shoppers

text: they

text: brought

text: they

text: grew

text: in

text: size

text: and

text: began

text: to

text: have

text: large

text: plate

text: glass

text: display

text: windows

text: fixed

text: prices

text: and

text: price

text: tags

text: and

text: advertising

text: in

text: newspapers

question: What were the origins of the Paris department store?

answer: magasin de nouveautés

text: magasin de nouveautés

question: What year was the first Paris department store founded?

answer: 1784

question: What book described the functionality and operation of a contemporary Paris department/novelty store?

answer: César Birotteau

text: César Birotteau

question: What factors influenced the increase of department stores in Paris?

answer: the arrival of the railroads in Paris and the increased number of shoppers they brought

text: the arrival of the railroads in Paris and the increased number of shoppers they brought

question: Where did department stores begin to advertise after the large influx of new shoppers?

answer: newspapers

text: newspapers


text: Nasser's regional position changed unexpectedly when Yemeni officers led by Nasser supporter Abdullah al-Sallal overthrew Imam Badr of North Yemen on 27 September 1962. Al-Badr and his tribal partisans began receiving increasing support from Saudi Arabia to help reinstate the kingdom, while Nasser subsequently accepted a request by Sallal to militarily aid the new government on 30 September. Consequently, Egypt became increasingly embroiled in the drawn-out civil war until it withdrew its forces in 1967. Most of Nasser's old colleagues had questioned the wisdom of continuing the war, but Amer reassured Nasser of their coming victory. Nasser later remarked in 1968 that intervention in Yemen was a "miscalculation".

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: regional

text: position

text: changed

text: unexpectedly

text: when

text: Yemeni

text: officers

text: led

text: by

text: Nasser

text: supporter

text: Abdullah

text: al

text: Sallal

text: overthrew

text: Imam

text: Badr

text: of

text: North

text: Yemen

text: on

text: September

text: Al

text: Badr

text: and

text: his

text: tribal

text: partisans

text: began

text: receiving

text: increasing

text: support

text: from

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: to

text: help

text: reinstate

text: the

text: kingdom

text: while

text: Nasser

text: subsequently

text: accepted

text: a

text: request

text: by

text: Sallal

text: to

text: militarily

text: aid

text: the

text: new

text: government

text: on

text: September

text: Consequently

text: Egypt

text: became

text: increasingly

text: embroiled

text: in

text: the

text: drawn

text: out

text: civil

text: war

text: until

text: it

text: withdrew

text: its

text: forces

text: in

text: Most

text: of

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: old

text: colleagues

text: had

text: questioned

text: the

text: wisdom

text: of

text: continuing

text: the

text: war

text: but

text: Amer

text: reassured

text: Nasser

text: of

text: their

text: coming

text: victory

text: Nasser

text: later

text: remarked

text: in

text: that

text: intervention

text: in

text: Yemen

text: was

text: a

text: miscalculation

question: What country experienced a coup in 1962?

answer: North Yemen

text: North Yemen

question: What country agreed to help suppress the Yemeni rebellion?

answer: Saudi Arabia

text: Saudi Arabia

question: Which side of the civil war did Nasser side with?

answer: the new government

text: the new government

question: In what year did Egypt leave Yemen's civil war?

answer: 1967

question: How did Nasser characterize Egypt's involvement in Yemen's civil war?

answer: miscalculation

text: miscalculation


text: However, at the state level, the pattern of split ticket voting and divided government holds. Democrats currently hold one of the state's U.S. Senate seats, as well as four of the five statewide offices (Governor, Superintendent of Public Instruction, Secretary of State and State Auditor). The lone congressional district has been Republican since 1996 and in 2014 Steve Daines won one of the state's Senate seats for the GOP. The Legislative branch had split party control between the house and senate most years between 2004 and 2010, when the mid-term elections returned both branches to Republican control. The state Senate is, as of 2015, controlled by the Republicans 29 to 21, and the State House of Representatives at 59 to 41.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: However

text: at

text: the

text: state

text: level

text: the

text: pattern

text: of

text: split

text: ticket

text: voting

text: and

text: divided

text: government

text: holds

text: Democrats

text: currently

text: hold

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: U.S.

text: Senate

text: seats

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: four

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: statewide

text: offices

text: Governor

text: Superintendent

text: of

text: Public

text: Instruction

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: and

text: State

text: Auditor

text: The

text: lone

text: congressional

text: district

text: has

text: been

text: Republican

text: since

text: and

text: in

text: Steve

text: Daines

text: won

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: Senate

text: seats

text: for

text: the

text: GOP

text: The

text: Legislative

text: branch

text: had

text: split

text: party

text: control

text: between

text: the

text: house

text: and

text: senate

text: most

text: years

text: between

text: and

text: when

text: the

text: mid

text: term

text: elections

text: returned

text: both

text: branches

text: to

text: Republican

text: control

text: The

text: state

text: Senate

text: is

text: as

text: of

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: Republicans

text: to

text: and

text: the

text: State

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: at

text: to

question: How many seats do Democrats hold in the state US Senate's seats?

answer: one

text: one

question: How long has the single congressional district been Republican?

answer: 1996

question: What is the split in the State House of Representatives?

answer: 59 to 41.

text: 59 to 41.

question: What is the split in the state Senate controller by the Republicans?

answer: 29 to 21

text: 29 to 21


text: By the time of the Uruk period (c. 4100–2900 BC calibrated), the volume of trade goods transported along the canals and rivers of southern Mesopotamia facilitated the rise of many large, stratified, temple-centered cities (with populations of over 10,000 people) where centralized administrations employed specialized workers. It is fairly certain that it was during the Uruk period that Sumerian cities began to make use of slave labor captured from the hill country, and there is ample evidence for captured slaves as workers in the earliest texts. Artifacts, and even colonies of this Uruk civilization have been found over a wide area—from the Taurus Mountains in Turkey, to the Mediterranean Sea in the west, and as far east as central Iran.

title: Sumer

title: Sumer

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: Uruk

text: period

text: c.

text: BC

text: calibrated

text: the

text: volume

text: of

text: trade

text: goods

text: transported

text: along

text: the

text: canals

text: and

text: rivers

text: of

text: southern

text: Mesopotamia

text: facilitated

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: many

text: large

text: stratified

text: temple

text: centered

text: cities

text: with

text: populations

text: of

text: over

text: people

text: where

text: centralized

text: administrations

text: employed

text: specialized

text: workers

text: It

text: is

text: fairly

text: certain

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: during

text: the

text: Uruk

text: period

text: that

text: Sumerian

text: cities

text: began

text: to

text: make

text: use

text: of

text: slave

text: labor

text: captured

text: from

text: the

text: hill

text: country

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: ample

text: evidence

text: for

text: captured

text: slaves

text: as

text: workers

text: in

text: the

text: earliest

text: texts

text: Artifacts

text: and

text: even

text: colonies

text: of

text: this

text: Uruk

text: civilization

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: over

text: a

text: wide

text: area

text: from

text: the

text: Taurus

text: Mountains

text: in

text: Turkey

text: to

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: as

text: far

text: east

text: as

text: central

text: Iran

question: How were trade goods transported in southern Mesopotamia?

answer: transported along the canals and rivers

text: transported along the canals and rivers

question: What facilitated the rise of Sumerian cities?

answer: trade goods

text: trade goods

question: How many people lived in the cities?

answer: over 10,000

text: over 10,000

question: During which period did Sumerian cities begin using slave labor?

answer: Uruk

text: Uruk

question: What have been found as far east as central Iran?

answer: Artifacts

text: Artifacts


text: Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono".

title: Pope_John_XXIII

title: Pope_John_XXIII

text: Pope

text: John

text: XXIII

text: did

text: not

text: live

text: to

text: see

text: the

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: to

text: completion

text: He

text: died

text: of

text: stomach

text: cancer

text: on

text: June

text: four

text: and

text: a

text: half

text: years

text: after

text: his

text: election

text: and

text: two

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: completion

text: of

text: his

text: final

text: and

text: famed

text: encyclical

text: Pacem

text: in

text: terris

text: He

text: was

text: buried

text: in

text: the

text: Vatican

text: grottoes

text: beneath

text: Saint

text: Peter

text: 's

text: Basilica

text: on

text: June

text: and

text: his

text: cause

text: for

text: canonization

text: was

text: opened

text: on

text: November

text: by

text: his

text: successor

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: who

text: declared

text: him

text: a

text: Servant

text: of

text: God

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: being

text: named

text: Venerable

text: on

text: December

text: he

text: was

text: beatified

text: on

text: September

text: by

text: Pope

text: John

text: Paul

text: II

text: alongside

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: IX

text: and

text: three

text: others

text: Following

text: his

text: beatification

text: his

text: body

text: was

text: moved

text: on

text: June

text: from

text: its

text: original

text: place

text: to

text: the

text: altar

text: of

text: Saint

text: Jerome

text: where

text: it

text: could

text: be

text: seen

text: by

text: the

text: faithful

text: On

text: July

text: Pope

text: Francis

text: bypassing

text: the

text: traditionally

text: required

text: second

text: miracle

text: declared

text: John

text: XXIII

text: a

text: saint

text: after

text: unanimous

text: agreement

text: by

text: a

text: consistory

text: or

text: meeting

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Cardinals

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: considered

text: to

text: have

text: lived

text: a

text: virtuous

text: model

text: lifestyle

text: and

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: good

text: for

text: the

text: Church

text: which

text: had

text: come

text: from

text: his

text: having

text: opened

text: the

text: Second

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: He

text: was

text: canonised

text: alongside

text: Pope

text: Saint

text: John

text: Paul

text: II

text: on

text: April

text: John

text: XXIII

text: today

text: is

text: affectionately

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Good

text: Pope

text: and

text: in

text: Italian

text: il

text: Papa

text: buono

question: When did the pope die?

answer: 3 June 1963

text: 3 June 1963

question: What did the pope die of?

answer: stomach cancer

text: stomach cancer

question: Where was he buried?

answer: the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica

text: the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica

question: When was he beatified?

answer: 3 September 2000

text: 3 September 2000

question: He is still known today as what?

answer: the "Good Pope"

text: the "Good Pope"


text: Juan Atkins, an originator of Detroit techno music, claims the term "house" reflected the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs; those records helped differentiate the clubs and DJs, and thus were considered to be their "house" records. In an effort to maintain such exclusives, the DJs were inspired to create their own "house" records.

title: House_music

title: House_music

text: Juan

text: Atkins

text: an

text: originator

text: of

text: Detroit

text: techno

text: music

text: claims

text: the

text: term

text: house

text: reflected

text: the

text: exclusive

text: association

text: of

text: particular

text: tracks

text: with

text: particular

text: clubs

text: and

text: DJs

text: those

text: records

text: helped

text: differentiate

text: the

text: clubs

text: and

text: DJs

text: and

text: thus

text: were

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: their

text: house

text: records

text: In

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: maintain

text: such

text: exclusives

text: the

text: DJs

text: were

text: inspired

text: to

text: create

text: their

text: own

text: house

text: records

question: What is Juan Atkins an originator of?

answer: Detroit techno music

text: Detroit techno music

question: What did Atkins claim the term house reflected?

answer: the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs

text: the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs

question: Why were DJs inspired to create their own house records?

answer: differentiate the clubs and DJs

text: differentiate the clubs and DJs


text: The first known European explorer to reach Bermuda was Spanish sea captain Juan de Bermúdez in 1503, after whom the islands are named. He claimed the apparently uninhabited islands for the Spanish Empire. Paying two visits to the archipelago, Bermúdez never landed on the islands, but did create a recognisable map of the archipelago. Shipwrecked Portuguese mariners are now thought to have been responsible for the 1543 inscription in Portuguese Rock (previously called Spanish Rock). Subsequent Spanish or other European parties are believed to have released pigs there, which had become feral and abundant on the island by the time European settlement began. In 1609, the English Virginia Company, which had established Jamestown in Virginia (a term originally applied to all of the North American continent) two years earlier, permanently settled Bermuda in the aftermath of a hurricane, when the crew and passengers of the Sea Venture steered the ship onto the surrounding reef to prevent its sinking, then landed ashore.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: The

text: first

text: known

text: European

text: explorer

text: to

text: reach

text: Bermuda

text: was

text: Spanish

text: sea

text: captain

text: Juan

text: de

text: Bermúdez

text: in

text: after

text: whom

text: the

text: islands

text: are

text: named

text: He

text: claimed

text: the

text: apparently

text: uninhabited

text: islands

text: for

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Empire

text: Paying

text: two

text: visits

text: to

text: the

text: archipelago

text: Bermúdez

text: never

text: landed

text: on

text: the

text: islands

text: but

text: did

text: create

text: a

text: recognisable

text: map

text: of

text: the

text: archipelago

text: Shipwrecked

text: Portuguese

text: mariners

text: are

text: now

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: inscription

text: in

text: Portuguese

text: Rock

text: previously

text: called

text: Spanish

text: Rock

text: Subsequent

text: Spanish

text: or

text: other

text: European

text: parties

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: have

text: released

text: pigs

text: there

text: which

text: had

text: become

text: feral

text: and

text: abundant

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: by

text: the

text: time

text: European

text: settlement

text: began

text: In

text: the

text: English

text: Virginia

text: Company

text: which

text: had

text: established

text: Jamestown

text: in

text: Virginia

text: a

text: term

text: originally

text: applied

text: to

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: continent

text: two

text: years

text: earlier

text: permanently

text: settled

text: Bermuda

text: in

text: the

text: aftermath

text: of

text: a

text: hurricane

text: when

text: the

text: crew

text: and

text: passengers

text: of

text: the

text: Sea

text: Venture

text: steered

text: the

text: ship

text: onto

text: the

text: surrounding

text: reef

text: to

text: prevent

text: its

text: sinking

text: then

text: landed

text: ashore

question: The first known European explorer to reach Bermuda was of what nationality?

answer: Spanish

text: Spanish

question: What is the name of the first European explorer to reach Bermuda?

answer: Juan de Bermúdez

text: Juan de Bermúdez

question: What animal did the Spaniards or other Europeans bring to the island that then became wild inhabitants?

answer: pigs

text: pigs

question: What company permanently settled Bermuda?

answer: the English Virginia Company

text: the English Virginia Company

question: Who was the first known European explorer to reach Bermuda?

answer: Juan de Bermúdez

text: Juan de Bermúdez

question: In what year did Jaun de Bermudez first reach Bermuda?

answer: 1503

question: How many times did Bermudez visit the archipelago?

answer: two

text: two

question: What animal are European parties responsible for releasing in Bermuda?

answer: pigs

text: pigs

question: In what year did the English Virginia Company settle permanently in Bermuda?

answer: 1609


text: In 1984, he was appointed a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour by Queen Elizabeth II on the advice of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for his "services to the study of economics". He was the first recipient of the Hanns Martin Schleyer Prize in 1984. He also received the US Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991 from President George H. W. Bush. In 2011, his article "The Use of Knowledge in Society" was selected as one of the top 20 articles published in The American Economic Review during its first 100 years.

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: In

text: he

text: was

text: appointed

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Order

text: of

text: the

text: Companions

text: of

text: Honour

text: by

text: Queen

text: Elizabeth

text: II

text: on

text: the

text: advice

text: of

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Margaret

text: Thatcher

text: for

text: his

text: services

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: economics

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: recipient

text: of

text: the

text: Hanns

text: Martin

text: Schleyer

text: Prize

text: in

text: He

text: also

text: received

text: the

text: US

text: Presidential

text: Medal

text: of

text: Freedom

text: in

text: from

text: President

text: George

text: H.

text: W.

text: Bush

text: In

text: his

text: article

text: The

text: Use

text: of

text: Knowledge

text: in

text: Society

text: was

text: selected

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: articles

text: published

text: in

text: The

text: American

text: Economic

text: Review

text: during

text: its

text: first

text: years

question: Hayek became a member of which group in 1984?

answer: Order of the Companions of Honour

text: Order of the Companions of Honour

question: For what reason was Hayek inducted into the order?

answer: services to the study of economics

text: services to the study of economics

question: What award was Hayek the first to receive?

answer: Hanns Martin Schleyer Prize

text: Hanns Martin Schleyer Prize

question: Who awarded Hayek the Medal of Freedom?

answer: President George H. W. Bush

text: President George H. W. Bush

question: Which of Hayek's articles received recognition in 2011?

answer: The Use of Knowledge in Society

text: The Use of Knowledge in Society


text: The next three popes, including Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI, were created cardinals by him. His immediate successor, Albino Luciani, who took the name John Paul I, was created a cardinal in the consistory of 5 March 1973. Karol Wojtyła was created a cardinal in the consistory of 26 June 1967. Joseph Ratzinger was created a cardinal in the small four-appointment consistory of 27 June 1977, which also included Bernardin Gantin from Benin, Africa. This became the last of Paul VI's consistories before his death in August 1978. Pope Paul was asked towards the end of his papacy whether he would retire at age 80, he replied "Kings can abdicate, Popes cannot."[citation needed]

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: The

text: next

text: three

text: popes

text: including

text: Pope

text: Emeritus

text: Benedict

text: XVI

text: were

text: created

text: cardinals

text: by

text: him

text: His

text: immediate

text: successor

text: Albino

text: Luciani

text: who

text: took

text: the

text: name

text: John

text: Paul

text: I

text: was

text: created

text: a

text: cardinal

text: in

text: the

text: consistory

text: of

text: March

text: Karol

text: Wojtyła

text: was

text: created

text: a

text: cardinal

text: in

text: the

text: consistory

text: of

text: June

text: Joseph

text: Ratzinger

text: was

text: created

text: a

text: cardinal

text: in

text: the

text: small

text: four

text: appointment

text: consistory

text: of

text: June

text: which

text: also

text: included

text: Bernardin

text: Gantin

text: from

text: Benin

text: Africa

text: This

text: became

text: the

text: last

text: of

text: Paul

text: VI

text: 's

text: consistories

text: before

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: August

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: was

text: asked

text: towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: papacy

text: whether

text: he

text: would

text: retire

text: at

text: age

text: he

text: replied

text: Kings

text: can

text: abdicate

text: Popes

text: cannot."[citation

text: needed

question: How many future popes did Paul VI create first as cardinals?

answer: three

text: three

question: Who was made a cardinal by Paul VI on June 27 1977?

answer: Joseph Ratzinger

text: Joseph Ratzinger

question: What future pope was made a cardinal by Paul VI on June 26, 1967?

answer: Karol Wojtyła

text: Karol Wojtyła

question: In what year did Paul VI die?

answer: 1978

question: What name did Albino Luciani take as a pope?

answer: John Paul I

text: John Paul I


text: After the meeting, Darwin decided to write "an abstract of my whole work". He started work on 20 July 1858, while on holiday at Sandown, and wrote parts of it from memory. Lyell discussed arrangements with publisher John Murray III, of the publishing house John Murray, who responded immediately to Darwin's letter of 31 March 1859 with an agreement to publish the book without even seeing the manuscript, and an offer to Darwin of 2⁄3 of the profits. (eventually Murray paid £180 to Darwin for the 1st edition and by Darwin's death in 1882 the book was in its 6th edition, earning Darwin nearly £3000.)

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: After

text: the

text: meeting

text: Darwin

text: decided

text: to

text: write

text: an

text: abstract

text: of

text: my

text: whole

text: work

text: He

text: started

text: work

text: on

text: July

text: while

text: on

text: holiday

text: at

text: Sandown

text: and

text: wrote

text: parts

text: of

text: it

text: from

text: memory

text: Lyell

text: discussed

text: arrangements

text: with

text: publisher

text: John

text: Murray

text: III

text: of

text: the

text: publishing

text: house

text: John

text: Murray

text: who

text: responded

text: immediately

text: to

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: letter

text: of

text: March

text: with

text: an

text: agreement

text: to

text: publish

text: the

text: book

text: without

text: even

text: seeing

text: the

text: manuscript

text: and

text: an

text: offer

text: to

text: Darwin

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: profits

text: eventually

text: Murray

text: paid

text: to

text: Darwin

text: for

text: the

text: edition

text: and

text: by

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: the

text: book

text: was

text: in

text: its

text: edition

text: earning

text: Darwin

text: nearly

question: What did Darwin decide to write in July, 1858?

answer: "an abstract of my whole work".

text: "an abstract of my whole work".

question: Which publisher did Lyell convince to arrange publication of Darwin's work?

answer: John Murray III

text: John Murray III

question: What did the publisher offer Darwin in payment for the book?

answer: 2⁄3 of the profits

text: 2⁄3 of the profits

question: What edition was the book in by the time of Darwin's death?

answer: 6th edition

text: 6th edition

question: How much had the book earned Darwin by the time he died?

answer: nearly £3000

text: nearly £3000


text: Early human genetic cluster analysis studies were conducted with samples taken from ancestral population groups living at extreme geographic distances from each other. It was thought that such large geographic distances would maximize the genetic variation between the groups sampled in the analysis and thus maximize the probability of finding cluster patterns unique to each group. In light of the historically recent acceleration of human migration (and correspondingly, human gene flow) on a global scale, further studies were conducted to judge the degree to which genetic cluster analysis can pattern ancestrally identified groups as well as geographically separated groups. One such study looked at a large multiethnic population in the United States, and "detected only modest genetic differentiation between different current geographic locales within each race/ethnicity group. Thus, ancient geographic ancestry, which is highly correlated with self-identified race/ethnicity—as opposed to current residence—is the major determinant of genetic structure in the U.S. population." (Tang et al. (2005))

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Early

text: human

text: genetic

text: cluster

text: analysis

text: studies

text: were

text: conducted

text: with

text: samples

text: taken

text: from

text: ancestral

text: population

text: groups

text: living

text: at

text: extreme

text: geographic

text: distances

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: It

text: was

text: thought

text: that

text: such

text: large

text: geographic

text: distances

text: would

text: maximize

text: the

text: genetic

text: variation

text: between

text: the

text: groups

text: sampled

text: in

text: the

text: analysis

text: and

text: thus

text: maximize

text: the

text: probability

text: of

text: finding

text: cluster

text: patterns

text: unique

text: to

text: each

text: group

text: In

text: light

text: of

text: the

text: historically

text: recent

text: acceleration

text: of

text: human

text: migration

text: and

text: correspondingly

text: human

text: gene

text: flow

text: on

text: a

text: global

text: scale

text: further

text: studies

text: were

text: conducted

text: to

text: judge

text: the

text: degree

text: to

text: which

text: genetic

text: cluster

text: analysis

text: can

text: pattern

text: ancestrally

text: identified

text: groups

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: geographically

text: separated

text: groups

text: One

text: such

text: study

text: looked

text: at

text: a

text: large

text: multiethnic

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: detected

text: only

text: modest

text: genetic

text: differentiation

text: between

text: different

text: current

text: geographic

text: locales

text: within

text: each

text: race

text: ethnicity

text: group

text: Thus

text: ancient

text: geographic

text: ancestry

text: which

text: is

text: highly

text: correlated

text: with

text: self

text: identified

text: race

text: ethnicity

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: current

text: residence

text: is

text: the

text: major

text: determinant

text: of

text: genetic

text: structure

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: population

text: Tang

text: et

text: al

question: What groups were early samples from for genetic cluster analysis?

answer: ancestral population

text: ancestral population

question: Where did the groups the genetic clusters were taken from live from each other?

answer: extreme geographic distances

text: extreme geographic distances

question: What was thought might maximize the odds of finding unique cluster patterns in groups?

answer: large geographic distances

text: large geographic distances

question: What human activity has only recently accelerated?

answer: migration

text: migration

question: Human migration tends to accelerate this type of what flow?

answer: gene

text: gene


text: Warfare in Normandy at the time was shaped by the defensive potential of castles and the increasing costs of conducting campaigns. The Norman frontiers had limited natural defences but were heavily reinforced with castles, such as Château Gaillard, at strategic points, built and maintained at considerable expense. It was difficult for a commander to advance far into fresh territory without having secured his lines of communication by capturing these fortifications, which slowed the progress of any attack. Armies of the period could be formed from either feudal or mercenary forces. Feudal levies could only be raised for a fixed length of time before they returned home, forcing an end to a campaign; mercenary forces, often called Brabançons after the Duchy of Brabant but actually recruited from across northern Europe, could operate all year long and provide a commander with more strategic options to pursue a campaign, but cost much more than equivalent feudal forces. As a result, commanders of the period were increasingly drawing on larger numbers of mercenaries.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: Warfare

text: in

text: Normandy

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: was

text: shaped

text: by

text: the

text: defensive

text: potential

text: of

text: castles

text: and

text: the

text: increasing

text: costs

text: of

text: conducting

text: campaigns

text: The

text: Norman

text: frontiers

text: had

text: limited

text: natural

text: defences

text: but

text: were

text: heavily

text: reinforced

text: with

text: castles

text: such

text: as

text: Château

text: Gaillard

text: at

text: strategic

text: points

text: built

text: and

text: maintained

text: at

text: considerable

text: expense

text: It

text: was

text: difficult

text: for

text: a

text: commander

text: to

text: advance

text: far

text: into

text: fresh

text: territory

text: without

text: having

text: secured

text: his

text: lines

text: of

text: communication

text: by

text: capturing

text: these

text: fortifications

text: which

text: slowed

text: the

text: progress

text: of

text: any

text: attack

text: Armies

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: could

text: be

text: formed

text: from

text: either

text: feudal

text: or

text: mercenary

text: forces

text: Feudal

text: levies

text: could

text: only

text: be

text: raised

text: for

text: a

text: fixed

text: length

text: of

text: time

text: before

text: they

text: returned

text: home

text: forcing

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: a

text: campaign

text: mercenary

text: forces

text: often

text: called

text: Brabançons

text: after

text: the

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Brabant

text: but

text: actually

text: recruited

text: from

text: across

text: northern

text: Europe

text: could

text: operate

text: all

text: year

text: long

text: and

text: provide

text: a

text: commander

text: with

text: more

text: strategic

text: options

text: to

text: pursue

text: a

text: campaign

text: but

text: cost

text: much

text: more

text: than

text: equivalent

text: feudal

text: forces

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: commanders

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: were

text: increasingly

text: drawing

text: on

text: larger

text: numbers

text: of

text: mercenaries

question: Warfare in Normandy was shaped by what?

answer: defensive potential of castles

text: defensive potential of castles

question: What were mercenary forces called?

answer: Brabançons

text: Brabançons

question: What castle was built at a strategic point?

answer: Château Gaillard

text: Château Gaillard


text: After the setback at Aspern-Essling, Napoleon took more than six weeks in planning and preparing for contingencies before he made another attempt at crossing the Danube. From 30 June to the early days of July, the French recrossed the Danube in strength, with more than 180,000 troops marching across the Marchfeld towards the Austrians. Charles received the French with 150,000 of his own men. In the ensuing Battle of Wagram, which also lasted two days, Napoleon commanded his forces in what was the largest battle of his career up until then. Neither side made much progress on 5 July, but the 6th produced a definitive outcome. Both sides launched major assaults on their flanks. Austrian attacks against the French left wing looked dangerous initially, but they were all beaten back. Meanwhile, a steady French attack against the Austrian left wing eventually compromised the entire position for Charles. Napoleon finished off the battle with a concentrated central thrust that punctured a hole in the Austrian army and forced Charles to retreat. Austrian losses were very heavy, reaching well over 40,000 casualties. The French were too exhausted to pursue the Austrians immediately, but Napoleon eventually caught up with Charles at Znaim and the latter signed an armistice on 12 July.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: After

text: the

text: setback

text: at

text: Aspern

text: Essling

text: Napoleon

text: took

text: more

text: than

text: six

text: weeks

text: in

text: planning

text: and

text: preparing

text: for

text: contingencies

text: before

text: he

text: made

text: another

text: attempt

text: at

text: crossing

text: the

text: Danube

text: From

text: June

text: to

text: the

text: early

text: days

text: of

text: July

text: the

text: French

text: recrossed

text: the

text: Danube

text: in

text: strength

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: troops

text: marching

text: across

text: the

text: Marchfeld

text: towards

text: the

text: Austrians

text: Charles

text: received

text: the

text: French

text: with

text: of

text: his

text: own

text: men

text: In

text: the

text: ensuing

text: Battle

text: of

text: Wagram

text: which

text: also

text: lasted

text: two

text: days

text: Napoleon

text: commanded

text: his

text: forces

text: in

text: what

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: battle

text: of

text: his

text: career

text: up

text: until

text: then

text: Neither

text: side

text: made

text: much

text: progress

text: on

text: July

text: but

text: the

text: produced

text: a

text: definitive

text: outcome

text: Both

text: sides

text: launched

text: major

text: assaults

text: on

text: their

text: flanks

text: Austrian

text: attacks

text: against

text: the

text: French

text: left

text: wing

text: looked

text: dangerous

text: initially

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: all

text: beaten

text: back

text: Meanwhile

text: a

text: steady

text: French

text: attack

text: against

text: the

text: Austrian

text: left

text: wing

text: eventually

text: compromised

text: the

text: entire

text: position

text: for

text: Charles

text: Napoleon

text: finished

text: off

text: the

text: battle

text: with

text: a

text: concentrated

text: central

text: thrust

text: that

text: punctured

text: a

text: hole

text: in

text: the

text: Austrian

text: army

text: and

text: forced

text: Charles

text: to

text: retreat

text: Austrian

text: losses

text: were

text: very

text: heavy

text: reaching

text: well

text: over

text: casualties

text: The

text: French

text: were

text: too

text: exhausted

text: to

text: pursue

text: the

text: Austrians

text: immediately

text: but

text: Napoleon

text: eventually

text: caught

text: up

text: with

text: Charles

text: at

text: Znaim

text: and

text: the

text: latter

text: signed

text: an

text: armistice

text: on

text: July

question: Approximately how long did Napoleon take to prepare another Danube crossing after his defeat at Aspern-Essling?

answer: six weeks

text: six weeks

question: On what date did the French begin the re-crossing of the Danube?

answer: 30 June

text: 30 June

question: Approximately how many French troops met Charles at the Battle of Wagram?

answer: 180,000

question: How many Austrian troops did Charles lead at the Battle of Wagram?

answer: 150,000

question: How long did the Battle of Wagram last?

answer: two days

text: two days


text: In 2013 and 2014, a Russian/Ukrainian hacking ring known as "Rescator" broke into Target Corporation computers in 2013, stealing roughly 40 million credit cards, and then Home Depot computers in 2014, stealing between 53 and 56 million credit card numbers. Warnings were delivered at both corporations, but ignored; physical security breaches using self checkout machines are believed to have played a large role. "The malware utilized is absolutely unsophisticated and uninteresting," says Jim Walter, director of threat intelligence operations at security technology company McAfee – meaning that the heists could have easily been stopped by existing antivirus software had administrators responded to the warnings. The size of the thefts has resulted in major attention from state and Federal United States authorities and the investigation is ongoing.

title: Computer_security

title: Computer_security

text: In

text: and

text: a

text: Russian

text: Ukrainian

text: hacking

text: ring

text: known

text: as

text: Rescator

text: broke

text: into

text: Target

text: Corporation

text: computers

text: in

text: stealing

text: roughly

text: million

text: credit

text: cards

text: and

text: then

text: Home

text: Depot

text: computers

text: in

text: stealing

text: between

text: and

text: million

text: credit

text: card

text: numbers

text: Warnings

text: were

text: delivered

text: at

text: both

text: corporations

text: but

text: ignored

text: physical

text: security

text: breaches

text: using

text: self

text: checkout

text: machines

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: have

text: played

text: a

text: large

text: role

text: The

text: malware

text: utilized

text: is

text: absolutely

text: unsophisticated

text: and

text: uninteresting

text: says

text: Jim

text: Walter

text: director

text: of

text: threat

text: intelligence

text: operations

text: at

text: security

text: technology

text: company

text: McAfee

text: meaning

text: that

text: the

text: heists

text: could

text: have

text: easily

text: been

text: stopped

text: by

text: existing

text: antivirus

text: software

text: had

text: administrators

text: responded

text: to

text: the

text: warnings

text: The

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: thefts

text: has

text: resulted

text: in

text: major

text: attention

text: from

text: state

text: and

text: Federal

text: United

text: States

text: authorities

text: and

text: the

text: investigation

text: is

text: ongoing

question: Who are Rescator?

answer: a Russian/Ukrainian hacking ring

text: a Russian/Ukrainian hacking ring

question: What was stolen from Target Corporation computers in 2013?

answer: 40 million credit cards

text: 40 million credit cards

question: How many credit card numbers were stole from Home Depot in 2014?

answer: between 53 and 56 million

text: between 53 and 56 million

question: What machines were involved in the physical security breaches that played a large role in the incident?

answer: self checkout machines

text: self checkout machines

question: Who is Jim Walter?

answer: director of threat intelligence operations at security technology company McAfee

text: director of threat intelligence operations at security technology company McAfee


text: When Pasternak stopped producing Durbin's pictures, and she outgrew her screen persona and pursued more dramatic roles, the studio signed 13-year-old Gloria Jean for her own series of Pasternak musicals from 1939; she went on to star with Bing Crosby, W. C. Fields, and Donald O'Connor. A popular Universal film of the late 1930s was Destry Rides Again (1939), starring James Stewart as Destry and Marlene Dietrich in her comeback role after leaving Paramount Studios.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: When

text: Pasternak

text: stopped

text: producing

text: Durbin

text: 's

text: pictures

text: and

text: she

text: outgrew

text: her

text: screen

text: persona

text: and

text: pursued

text: more

text: dramatic

text: roles

text: the

text: studio

text: signed

text: old

text: Gloria

text: Jean

text: for

text: her

text: own

text: series

text: of

text: Pasternak

text: musicals

text: from

text: she

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: star

text: with

text: Bing

text: Crosby

text: W.

text: C.

text: Fields

text: and

text: Donald

text: O'Connor

text: A

text: popular

text: Universal

text: film

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: was

text: Destry

text: Rides

text: Again

text: starring

text: James

text: Stewart

text: as

text: Destry

text: and

text: Marlene

text: Dietrich

text: in

text: her

text: comeback

text: role

text: after

text: leaving

text: Paramount

text: Studios

question: How old was Gloria Jean in 1939?

answer: 13

question: Along with Donald O'Connor and Bing Crosby, with whom did Gloria Jean star?

answer: Bing Crosby

text: Bing Crosby

question: Who played Destry in Destry Rides Again?

answer: James Stewart

text: James Stewart

question: Prior to working at Universal, what studio employed Marlene Dietrich?

answer: Paramount Studios

text: Paramount Studios

question: In what year was Destry Rides again produced?

answer: 1939