text: The Theravada school spread south from India in the 3rd century BCE, to Sri Lanka and Thailand and Burma and later also Indonesia. The Dharmagupta school spread (also in 3rd century BCE) north to Kashmir, Gandhara and Bactria (Afghanistan).

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: The

text: Theravada

text: school

text: spread

text: south

text: from

text: India

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: BCE

text: to

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: and

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Burma

text: and

text: later

text: also

text: Indonesia

text: The

text: Dharmagupta

text: school

text: spread

text: also

text: in

text: century

text: BCE

text: north

text: to

text: Kashmir

text: Gandhara

text: and

text: Bactria

text: Afghanistan

question: The Theravada school spread south from india in what century BCE?

answer: 3rd century

text: 3rd century

question: The Dharmagupta schol spread in what century to Kashmir?

answer: 3rd century

text: 3rd century


text: As a result of modernisation efforts over the years, Egypt's healthcare system has made great strides forward. Access to healthcare in both urban and rural areas greatly improved and immunisation programs are now able to cover 98% of the population. Life expectancy increased from 44.8 years during the 1960s to 72.12 years in 2009. There was a noticeable decline of the infant mortality rate (during the 1970s to the 1980s the infant mortality rate was 101-132/1000 live births, in 2000 the rate was 50-60/1000, and in 2008 it was 28-30/1000).

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: modernisation

text: efforts

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: healthcare

text: system

text: has

text: made

text: great

text: strides

text: forward

text: Access

text: to

text: healthcare

text: in

text: both

text: urban

text: and

text: rural

text: areas

text: greatly

text: improved

text: and

text: immunisation

text: programs

text: are

text: now

text: able

text: to

text: cover

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: Life

text: expectancy

text: increased

text: from

text: years

text: during

text: the

text: to

text: years

text: in

text: There

text: was

text: a

text: noticeable

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: infant

text: mortality

text: rate

text: during

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: the

text: infant

text: mortality

text: rate

text: was

text: live

text: births

text: in

text: the

text: rate

text: was

text: and

text: in

text: it

text: was

question: What trend has Egypt healthcare made recently?

answer: great strides forward

text: great strides forward

question: How much of ppopulation can be covered by immunization programs?

answer: 98%

question: What was life expectancy in 1960s?

answer: 44.8 years

text: 44.8 years

question: What was the life expectancy in 2009?

answer: 72.12 years

text: 72.12 years

question: What direction has infant mortality rate taken?

answer: noticeable decline

text: noticeable decline


text: The 1998 edition of Guinness Book of World Records stated: "No female artist has sold more records than Madonna around the world". In 1999 Madonna signed to play a violin teacher in the film Music of the Heart but left the project, citing "creative differences" with director Wes Craven. She recorded the single "Beautiful Stranger" for the 1999 film Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me. It reached number 19 on the Hot 100 solely on radio airplay. Madonna won a Grammy Award for "Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media".

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: The

text: edition

text: of

text: Guinness

text: Book

text: of

text: World

text: Records

text: stated

text: No

text: female

text: artist

text: has

text: sold

text: more

text: records

text: than

text: Madonna

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: In

text: Madonna

text: signed

text: to

text: play

text: a

text: violin

text: teacher

text: in

text: the

text: film

text: Music

text: of

text: the

text: Heart

text: but

text: left

text: the

text: project

text: citing

text: creative

text: differences

text: with

text: director

text: Wes

text: Craven

text: She

text: recorded

text: the

text: single

text: Beautiful

text: Stranger

text: for

text: the

text: film

text: Austin

text: Powers

text: The

text: Spy

text: Who

text: Shagged

text: Me

text: It

text: reached

text: number

text: on

text: the

text: Hot

text: solely

text: on

text: radio

text: airplay

text: Madonna

text: won

text: a

text: Grammy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Song

text: Written

text: for

text: a

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Television

text: or

text: Other

text: Visual

text: Media

question: Which edition of the Guinness Book of World Record states that no female artist sold more records than Madonna?

answer: 1998

question: Which film project did Madonna leave because of differences with the director?

answer: Music of the Heart

text: Music of the Heart

question: Who was the director of Music of the Heart?

answer: Wes Craven

text: Wes Craven

question: Which film did Madonna record the single Beautiful Stranger for?

answer: Beautiful Stranger

text: Beautiful Stranger

question: Which award did Madonna win for the single "Beautiful Stranger?"

answer: Grammy Award

text: Grammy Award


text: A count may be started at any time that a wrestler's shoulders are down (both shoulders touching the mat), back-first and any part of the opponent's body is lying over the wrestler. This often results in pins that can easily be kicked out of, if the defensive wrestler is even slightly conscious. For example, an attacking wrestler who is half-conscious may simply drape an arm over an opponent, or a cocky wrestler may place their foot gently on the opponent's body, prompting a three-count from the referee.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: A

text: count

text: may

text: be

text: started

text: at

text: any

text: time

text: that

text: a

text: wrestler

text: 's

text: shoulders

text: are

text: down

text: both

text: shoulders

text: touching

text: the

text: mat

text: back

text: first

text: and

text: any

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: opponent

text: 's

text: body

text: is

text: lying

text: over

text: the

text: wrestler

text: This

text: often

text: results

text: in

text: pins

text: that

text: can

text: easily

text: be

text: kicked

text: out

text: of

text: if

text: the

text: defensive

text: wrestler

text: is

text: even

text: slightly

text: conscious

text: For

text: example

text: an

text: attacking

text: wrestler

text: who

text: is

text: half

text: conscious

text: may

text: simply

text: drape

text: an

text: arm

text: over

text: an

text: opponent

text: or

text: a

text: cocky

text: wrestler

text: may

text: place

text: their

text: foot

text: gently

text: on

text: the

text: opponent

text: 's

text: body

text: prompting

text: a

text: three

text: count

text: from

text: the

text: referee

question: At what point can a count be started?

answer: any time that a wrestler's shoulders are down (both shoulders touching the mat), back-first and any part of the opponent's body is lying over the wrestler.

text: any time that a wrestler's shoulders are down (both shoulders touching the mat), back-first and any part of the opponent's body is lying over the wrestler.

question: What can happen to an arrogant wrestler?

answer: a cocky wrestler may place their foot gently on the opponent's body, prompting a three-count from the referee.

text: a cocky wrestler may place their foot gently on the opponent's body, prompting a three-count from the referee.

question: What might a partially conscious wrestler do?

answer: wrestler who is half-conscious may simply drape an arm over an opponent

text: wrestler who is half-conscious may simply drape an arm over an opponent


text: Leucothea was daughter of Orchamus and sister of Clytia. She fell in love with Apollo who disguised himself as Leucothea's mother to gain entrance to her chambers. Clytia, jealous of her sister because she wanted Apollo for herself, told Orchamus the truth, betraying her sister's trust and confidence in her. Enraged, Orchamus ordered Leucothea to be buried alive. Apollo refused to forgive Clytia for betraying his beloved, and a grieving Clytia wilted and slowly died. Apollo changed her into an incense plant, either heliotrope or sunflower, which follows the sun every day.

title: Apollo

title: Apollo

text: Leucothea

text: was

text: daughter

text: of

text: Orchamus

text: and

text: sister

text: of

text: Clytia

text: She

text: fell

text: in

text: love

text: with

text: Apollo

text: who

text: disguised

text: himself

text: as

text: Leucothea

text: 's

text: mother

text: to

text: gain

text: entrance

text: to

text: her

text: chambers

text: Clytia

text: jealous

text: of

text: her

text: sister

text: because

text: she

text: wanted

text: Apollo

text: for

text: herself

text: told

text: Orchamus

text: the

text: truth

text: betraying

text: her

text: sister

text: 's

text: trust

text: and

text: confidence

text: in

text: her

text: Enraged

text: Orchamus

text: ordered

text: Leucothea

text: to

text: be

text: buried

text: alive

text: Apollo

text: refused

text: to

text: forgive

text: Clytia

text: for

text: betraying

text: his

text: beloved

text: and

text: a

text: grieving

text: Clytia

text: wilted

text: and

text: slowly

text: died

text: Apollo

text: changed

text: her

text: into

text: an

text: incense

text: plant

text: either

text: heliotrope

text: or

text: sunflower

text: which

text: follows

text: the

text: sun

text: every

text: day

question: Who was Leucothea's mother?

answer: Orchamus

text: Orchamus

question: Who is Leucothea's sister?

answer: Clytia

text: Clytia

question: Who did Leucothea fall in love with?

answer: Leucothea

text: Leucothea

question: Who ordered Leucothea to be buried alive?

answer: Orchamus

text: Orchamus


text: Available web browsers range in features from minimal, text-based user interfaces with bare-bones support for HTML to rich user interfaces supporting a wide variety of file formats and protocols. Browsers which include additional components to support e-mail, Usenet news, and Internet Relay Chat (IRC), are sometimes referred to as "Internet suites" rather than merely "web browsers".

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: Available

text: web

text: browsers

text: range

text: in

text: features

text: from

text: minimal

text: text

text: based

text: user

text: interfaces

text: with

text: bare

text: bones

text: support

text: for

text: HTML

text: to

text: rich

text: user

text: interfaces

text: supporting

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: file

text: formats

text: and

text: protocols

text: Browsers

text: which

text: include

text: additional

text: components

text: to

text: support

text: e

text: mail

text: Usenet

text: news

text: and

text: Internet

text: Relay

text: Chat

text: IRC

text: are

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Internet

text: suites

text: rather

text: than

text: merely

text: web

text: browsers

question: Features on a browser can range from minimal with little support to what?

answer: rich user interfaces

text: rich user interfaces

question: When a browser includes a lot of extras, it can be referred to as what?

answer: Internet suites

text: Internet suites

question: What does IRC stand for?

answer: Internet Relay Chat

text: Internet Relay Chat


text: China's first imperial dynasty was the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC). The Qin unified the Chinese Warring States by conquest, but their empire became unstable after the death of the first emperor Qin Shi Huangdi. Within four years, the dynasty's authority had collapsed in the face of rebellion. Two former rebel leaders, Xiang Yu (d. 202 BC) of Chu and Liu Bang (d. 195 BC) of Han, engaged in a war to decide who would become hegemon of China, which had fissured into 18 kingdoms, each claiming allegiance to either Xiang Yu or Liu Bang. Although Xiang Yu proved to be a capable commander, Liu Bang defeated him at Battle of Gaixia (202 BC), in modern-day Anhui. Liu Bang assumed the title "emperor" (huangdi) at the urging of his followers and is known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu (r. 202–195 BC). Chang'an was chosen as the new capital of the reunified empire under Han.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: China

text: 's

text: first

text: imperial

text: dynasty

text: was

text: the

text: Qin

text: dynasty

text: BC

text: The

text: Qin

text: unified

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Warring

text: States

text: by

text: conquest

text: but

text: their

text: empire

text: became

text: unstable

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: emperor

text: Qin

text: Shi

text: Huangdi

text: Within

text: four

text: years

text: the

text: dynasty

text: 's

text: authority

text: had

text: collapsed

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: rebellion

text: Two

text: former

text: rebel

text: leaders

text: Xiang

text: Yu

text: d.

text: BC

text: of

text: Chu

text: and

text: Liu

text: Bang

text: d.

text: BC

text: of

text: Han

text: engaged

text: in

text: a

text: war

text: to

text: decide

text: who

text: would

text: become

text: hegemon

text: of

text: China

text: which

text: had

text: fissured

text: into

text: kingdoms

text: each

text: claiming

text: allegiance

text: to

text: either

text: Xiang

text: Yu

text: or

text: Liu

text: Bang

text: Although

text: Xiang

text: Yu

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: capable

text: commander

text: Liu

text: Bang

text: defeated

text: him

text: at

text: Battle

text: of

text: Gaixia

text: BC

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: Anhui

text: Liu

text: Bang

text: assumed

text: the

text: title

text: emperor

text: huangdi

text: at

text: the

text: urging

text: of

text: his

text: followers

text: and

text: is

text: known

text: posthumously

text: as

text: Emperor

text: Gaozu

text: r.

text: BC

text: Chang'an

text: was

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: new

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: reunified

text: empire

text: under

text: Han

question: With what action did the Qin bring together the Chinese Warring States?

answer: conquest

text: conquest

question: Which commander did Liu Bang defeat in the Battle of Gaixia?

answer: Xiang Yu

text: Xiang Yu

question: Who was the first emperor during the Qin dynasty?

answer: Qin Shi Huangdi

text: Qin Shi Huangdi

question: What ultimately caused the Qin dynasty's authority to be dissolved?

answer: rebellion

text: rebellion

question: Who urged Liu Bang to become emperor?

answer: his followers

text: his followers


text: Oklahoma City is served by two primary airports, Will Rogers World Airport and the much smaller Wiley Post Airport (incidentally, the two honorees died in the same plane crash in Alaska) Will Rogers World Airport is the state's busiest commercial airport, with over 3.6 million passengers annually. Tinker Air Force Base, in southeast Oklahoma City, is the largest military air depot in the nation; a major maintenance and deployment facility for the Navy and the Air Force, and the second largest military institution in the state (after Fort Sill in Lawton).

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: two

text: primary

text: airports

text: Will

text: Rogers

text: World

text: Airport

text: and

text: the

text: much

text: smaller

text: Wiley

text: Post

text: Airport

text: incidentally

text: the

text: two

text: honorees

text: died

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: plane

text: crash

text: in

text: Alaska

text: Will

text: Rogers

text: World

text: Airport

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: busiest

text: commercial

text: airport

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: passengers

text: annually

text: Tinker

text: Air

text: Force

text: Base

text: in

text: southeast

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: military

text: air

text: depot

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: a

text: major

text: maintenance

text: and

text: deployment

text: facility

text: for

text: the

text: Navy

text: and

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: military

text: institution

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: after

text: Fort

text: Sill

text: in

text: Lawton

question: Which airport is the busiest?

answer: Will Rogers World Airport

text: Will Rogers World Airport

question: How many people travel through Will Rogers World Airport each year?

answer: 3.6 million

text: 3.6 million

question: What is the name of the largest military base in the nation?

answer: Tinker Air Force Base

text: Tinker Air Force Base


text: Following a peak in growth in 1979, the Liberian economy began a steady decline due to economic mismanagement following the 1980 coup. This decline was accelerated by the outbreak of civil war in 1989; GDP was reduced by an estimated 90% between 1989 and 1995, one of the fastest declines in history. Upon the end of the war in 2003, GDP growth began to accelerate, reaching 9.4% in 2007. The global financial crisis slowed GDP growth to 4.6% in 2009, though a strengthening agricultural sector led by rubber and timber exports increased growth to 5.1% in 2010 and an expected 7.3% in 2011, making the economy one of the 20 fastest growing in the world.

title: Liberia

title: Liberia

text: Following

text: a

text: peak

text: in

text: growth

text: in

text: the

text: Liberian

text: economy

text: began

text: a

text: steady

text: decline

text: due

text: to

text: economic

text: mismanagement

text: following

text: the

text: coup

text: This

text: decline

text: was

text: accelerated

text: by

text: the

text: outbreak

text: of

text: civil

text: war

text: in

text: GDP

text: was

text: reduced

text: by

text: an

text: estimated

text: between

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: fastest

text: declines

text: in

text: history

text: Upon

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: in

text: GDP

text: growth

text: began

text: to

text: accelerate

text: reaching

text: in

text: The

text: global

text: financial

text: crisis

text: slowed

text: GDP

text: growth

text: to

text: in

text: though

text: a

text: strengthening

text: agricultural

text: sector

text: led

text: by

text: rubber

text: and

text: timber

text: exports

text: increased

text: growth

text: to

text: in

text: and

text: an

text: expected

text: in

text: making

text: the

text: economy

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: fastest

text: growing

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: When did the Liberian economy hit it's peak growth?

answer: 1979

question: By what percentage did Liberia's GDP reduced by during the civil war?

answer: 90%

question: Why did the Liberian economy decline after 1980?

answer: economic mismanagement following the 1980 coup.

text: economic mismanagement following the 1980 coup.

question: Why was Liberia's GDP growth stalled in 2007?

answer: The global financial crisis

text: The global financial crisis

question: In 2011 Liberia's economy was considered what?

answer: one of the 20 fastest growing in the world.

text: one of the 20 fastest growing in the world.


text: Carnival in the Netherlands is called Carnaval, Vastenavond or Vastelaovend(j), and is most celebrated in traditionally Catholic regions, mainly the southern provinces North Brabant and Limburg. Dutch Carnaval is officially celebrated on the Sunday through Tuesday preceding Ash Wednesday. Although traditions vary from town to town, some common characteristics of Dutch Carnaval include a parade, a "prince" plus cortège ("Jester/adjutant and Council of 11"), a Peasant Wedding (boerenbruiloft), and eating herring (haring happen) on Ash Wednesday.

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: Carnival

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: is

text: called

text: Carnaval

text: Vastenavond

text: or

text: Vastelaovend(j

text: and

text: is

text: most

text: celebrated

text: in

text: traditionally

text: Catholic

text: regions

text: mainly

text: the

text: southern

text: provinces

text: North

text: Brabant

text: and

text: Limburg

text: Dutch

text: Carnaval

text: is

text: officially

text: celebrated

text: on

text: the

text: Sunday

text: through

text: Tuesday

text: preceding

text: Ash

text: Wednesday

text: Although

text: traditions

text: vary

text: from

text: town

text: to

text: town

text: some

text: common

text: characteristics

text: of

text: Dutch

text: Carnaval

text: include

text: a

text: parade

text: a

text: prince

text: plus

text: cortège

text: Jester

text: adjutant

text: and

text: Council

text: of

text: a

text: Peasant

text: Wedding

text: boerenbruiloft

text: and

text: eating

text: herring

text: haring

text: happen

text: on

text: Ash

text: Wednesday

question: In what provinces is the Carnival mainly celebrated in the Netherlands?

answer: southern

text: southern

question: Dutch Carnaval is celebrated until which Wednesday?

answer: Ash

text: Ash

question: What vary from town to town in regards to the Carnival?

answer: traditions

text: traditions

question: What is consumed on Ash Wednesday?

answer: herring

text: herring

question: What is dutch for "Peasant Wedding"?

answer: boerenbruiloft

text: boerenbruiloft


text: The Amoy dialect (Xiamen) is a hybrid of the Quanzhou and Zhangzhou dialects. Taiwanese is also a hybrid of these two dialects. Taiwanese in northern Taiwan tends to be based on the Quanzhou variety, whereas the Taiwanese spoken in southern Taiwan tends to be based on Zhangzhou speech. There are minor variations in pronunciation and vocabulary between Quanzhou and Zhangzhou dialects. The grammar is generally the same. Additionally, extensive contact with the Japanese language has left a legacy of Japanese loanwords in Taiwanese Hokkien. On the other hand, the variants spoken in Singapore and Malaysia have a substantial number of loanwords from Malay and to a lesser extent, from English and other Chinese varieties, such as the closely related Teochew and some Cantonese.

title: Hokkien

title: Hokkien

text: The

text: Amoy

text: dialect

text: Xiamen

text: is

text: a

text: hybrid

text: of

text: the

text: Quanzhou

text: and

text: Zhangzhou

text: dialects

text: Taiwanese

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: hybrid

text: of

text: these

text: two

text: dialects

text: Taiwanese

text: in

text: northern

text: Taiwan

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Quanzhou

text: variety

text: whereas

text: the

text: Taiwanese

text: spoken

text: in

text: southern

text: Taiwan

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: Zhangzhou

text: speech

text: There

text: are

text: minor

text: variations

text: in

text: pronunciation

text: and

text: vocabulary

text: between

text: Quanzhou

text: and

text: Zhangzhou

text: dialects

text: The

text: grammar

text: is

text: generally

text: the

text: same

text: Additionally

text: extensive

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: Japanese

text: language

text: has

text: left

text: a

text: legacy

text: of

text: Japanese

text: loanwords

text: in

text: Taiwanese

text: Hokkien

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: the

text: variants

text: spoken

text: in

text: Singapore

text: and

text: Malaysia

text: have

text: a

text: substantial

text: number

text: of

text: loanwords

text: from

text: Malay

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: lesser

text: extent

text: from

text: English

text: and

text: other

text: Chinese

text: varieties

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: closely

text: related

text: Teochew

text: and

text: some

text: Cantonese

question: The Amoy dialect is a hybrid of what two dialects?

answer: Quanzhou and Zhangzhou

text: Quanzhou and Zhangzhou

question: Besides Amoy, what is another hybrid of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou?

answer: Taiwanese

text: Taiwanese

question: What is Taiwanese in Northern Taiwan based on?

answer: Quanzhou

text: Quanzhou

question: What is Taiwanese in Southern Taiwan based on?

answer: Zhangzhou speech

text: Zhangzhou speech

question: In Singapore, the varient of Hokkien has a significant amount of loanwords from where?

answer: Malay

text: Malay


text: The console was first officially announced at E3 2005, and was released at the end of 2006. It was the first console to use Blu-ray Disc as its primary storage medium. The console was the first PlayStation to integrate social gaming services, included it being the first to introduce Sony's social gaming service, PlayStation Network, and its remote connectivity with PlayStation Portable and PlayStation Vita, being able to remote control the console from the devices. In September 2009, the Slim model of the PlayStation 3 was released, being lighter and thinner than the original version, which notably featured a redesigned logo and marketing design, as well as a minor start-up change in software. A Super Slim variation was then released in late 2012, further refining and redesigning the console. As of March 2016, PlayStation 3 has sold 85 million units worldwide. Its successor, the PlayStation 4, was released later in November 2013.

title: PlayStation_3

title: PlayStation_3

text: The

text: console

text: was

text: first

text: officially

text: announced

text: at

text: and

text: was

text: released

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: console

text: to

text: use

text: Blu

text: ray

text: Disc

text: as

text: its

text: primary

text: storage

text: medium

text: The

text: console

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: PlayStation

text: to

text: integrate

text: social

text: gaming

text: services

text: included

text: it

text: being

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: introduce

text: Sony

text: 's

text: social

text: gaming

text: service

text: PlayStation

text: Network

text: and

text: its

text: remote

text: connectivity

text: with

text: PlayStation

text: Portable

text: and

text: PlayStation

text: Vita

text: being

text: able

text: to

text: remote

text: control

text: the

text: console

text: from

text: the

text: devices

text: In

text: September

text: the

text: Slim

text: model

text: of

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: was

text: released

text: being

text: lighter

text: and

text: thinner

text: than

text: the

text: original

text: version

text: which

text: notably

text: featured

text: a

text: redesigned

text: logo

text: and

text: marketing

text: design

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: minor

text: start

text: up

text: change

text: in

text: software

text: A

text: Super

text: Slim

text: variation

text: was

text: then

text: released

text: in

text: late

text: further

text: refining

text: and

text: redesigning

text: the

text: console

text: As

text: of

text: March

text: PlayStation

text: has

text: sold

text: million

text: units

text: worldwide

text: Its

text: successor

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: was

text: released

text: later

text: in

text: November

question: What year was the PlayStation 3 released?

answer: 2006

question: What social gaming service was integrated into the PlayStation 3?

answer: PlayStation Network

text: PlayStation Network

question: What was the thinner version of the PS3 called?

answer: Slim

text: Slim

question: What year did the Super Slim model hit stores?

answer: 2012

question: How many PlayStation 3 units had been purchased as of early 2016?

answer: 85 million

text: 85 million


text: Intelligence is an important factor in how the individual responds to education. Those who have higher intelligence tend to perform better at school and go on to higher levels of education. This effect is also observable in the opposite direction, in that education increases measurable intelligence. Studies have shown that while educational attainment is important in predicting intelligence in later life, intelligence at 53 is more closely correlated to intelligence at 8 years old than to educational attainment.

title: Education

title: Education

text: Intelligence

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: factor

text: in

text: how

text: the

text: individual

text: responds

text: to

text: education

text: Those

text: who

text: have

text: higher

text: intelligence

text: tend

text: to

text: perform

text: better

text: at

text: school

text: and

text: go

text: on

text: to

text: higher

text: levels

text: of

text: education

text: This

text: effect

text: is

text: also

text: observable

text: in

text: the

text: opposite

text: direction

text: in

text: that

text: education

text: increases

text: measurable

text: intelligence

text: Studies

text: have

text: shown

text: that

text: while

text: educational

text: attainment

text: is

text: important

text: in

text: predicting

text: intelligence

text: in

text: later

text: life

text: intelligence

text: at

text: is

text: more

text: closely

text: correlated

text: to

text: intelligence

text: at

text: years

text: old

text: than

text: to

text: educational

text: attainment

question: What is important for a student in education?

answer: Intelligence

text: Intelligence

question: What does education increase in a student?

answer: measurable intelligence

text: measurable intelligence

question: What is intelligence at 53 more closely related to?

answer: intelligence at 8

text: intelligence at 8


text: Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. "White" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, which are responsible for the color of purple grapes. Anthocyanins and other pigment chemicals of the larger family of polyphenols in purple grapes are responsible for the varying shades of purple in red wines. Grapes are typically an ellipsoid shape resembling a prolate spheroid.

title: Grape

title: Grape

text: Grapes

text: are

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: fruit

text: that

text: grow

text: in

text: clusters

text: of

text: to

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: crimson

text: black

text: dark

text: blue

text: yellow

text: green

text: orange

text: and

text: pink

text: White

text: grapes

text: are

text: actually

text: green

text: in

text: color

text: and

text: are

text: evolutionarily

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: purple

text: grape

text: Mutations

text: in

text: two

text: regulatory

text: genes

text: of

text: white

text: grapes

text: turn

text: off

text: production

text: of

text: anthocyanins

text: which

text: are

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: purple

text: grapes

text: Anthocyanins

text: and

text: other

text: pigment

text: chemicals

text: of

text: the

text: larger

text: family

text: of

text: polyphenols

text: in

text: purple

text: grapes

text: are

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: varying

text: shades

text: of

text: purple

text: in

text: red

text: wines

text: Grapes

text: are

text: typically

text: an

text: ellipsoid

text: shape

text: resembling

text: a

text: prolate

text: spheroid

question: What color are white grapes?

answer: green

text: green

question: What gene makes grapes purple?

answer: anthocyanins

text: anthocyanins

question: What shape do grapes usually resemble?

answer: prolate spheroid

text: prolate spheroid

question: What type of food are grapes?

answer: fruit

text: fruit

question: How many grapes are generally in a cluster?

answer: 15 to 300

text: 15 to 300


text: Historically, major professional orchestras have been mostly or entirely composed of male musicians. Some of the earliest cases of women being hired in professional orchestras was in the position of harpist. The Vienna Philharmonic, for example, did not accept women to permanent membership until 1997, far later than the other orchestras ranked among the world's top five by Gramophone in 2008. The last major orchestra to appoint a woman to a permanent position was the Berlin Philharmonic. As late as February 1996, the Vienna Philharmonic's principal flute, Dieter Flury, told Westdeutscher Rundfunk that accepting women would be "gambling with the emotional unity (emotionelle Geschlossenheit) that this organism currently has". In April 1996, the orchestra's press secretary wrote that "compensating for the expected leaves of absence" of maternity leave would be a problem.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: Historically

text: major

text: professional

text: orchestras

text: have

text: been

text: mostly

text: or

text: entirely

text: composed

text: of

text: male

text: musicians

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: cases

text: of

text: women

text: being

text: hired

text: in

text: professional

text: orchestras

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: position

text: of

text: harpist

text: The

text: Vienna

text: Philharmonic

text: for

text: example

text: did

text: not

text: accept

text: women

text: to

text: permanent

text: membership

text: until

text: far

text: later

text: than

text: the

text: other

text: orchestras

text: ranked

text: among

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: top

text: five

text: by

text: Gramophone

text: in

text: The

text: last

text: major

text: orchestra

text: to

text: appoint

text: a

text: woman

text: to

text: a

text: permanent

text: position

text: was

text: the

text: Berlin

text: Philharmonic

text: As

text: late

text: as

text: February

text: the

text: Vienna

text: Philharmonic

text: 's

text: principal

text: flute

text: Dieter

text: Flury

text: told

text: Westdeutscher

text: Rundfunk

text: that

text: accepting

text: women

text: would

text: be

text: gambling

text: with

text: the

text: emotional

text: unity

text: emotionelle

text: Geschlossenheit

text: that

text: this

text: organism

text: currently

text: has

text: In

text: April

text: the

text: orchestra

text: 's

text: press

text: secretary

text: wrote

text: that

text: compensating

text: for

text: the

text: expected

text: leaves

text: of

text: absence

text: of

text: maternity

text: leave

text: would

text: be

text: a

text: problem

question: What gender of musician has historically made up a large amount of professional orchestras?

answer: male

text: male

question: Women were first hired in professional orchestras for what position?

answer: harpist

text: harpist

question: What year did the Vienna Philharmonic first accept women?

answer: 1997

question: Which major orchestra was the last to appoint a woman to a permanent position?

answer: the Berlin Philharmonic

text: the Berlin Philharmonic

question: Who was the principal flute for the Vienna Philharmonic in 1996?

answer: Dieter Flury

text: Dieter Flury


text: Maharaja Ranjit Singh's death in the summer of 1839 brought political chaos and the subsequent battles of succession and the bloody infighting between the factions at court weakened the state. Relationships with neighbouring British territories then broke down, starting the First Anglo-Sikh War; this led to a British official being resident in Lahore and the annexation in 1849 of territory south of the Satluj to British India. After the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849, the Sikh Empire became the last territory to be merged into British India. In Jhelum 35 British soldiers of HM XXIV regiment were killed by the local resistance during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.[citation needed]

title: Punjab,_Pakistan

title: Punjab,_Pakistan

text: Maharaja

text: Ranjit

text: Singh

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: brought

text: political

text: chaos

text: and

text: the

text: subsequent

text: battles

text: of

text: succession

text: and

text: the

text: bloody

text: infighting

text: between

text: the

text: factions

text: at

text: court

text: weakened

text: the

text: state

text: Relationships

text: with

text: neighbouring

text: British

text: territories

text: then

text: broke

text: down

text: starting

text: the

text: First

text: Anglo

text: Sikh

text: War

text: this

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: British

text: official

text: being

text: resident

text: in

text: Lahore

text: and

text: the

text: annexation

text: in

text: of

text: territory

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Satluj

text: to

text: British

text: India

text: After

text: the

text: Second

text: Anglo

text: Sikh

text: War

text: in

text: the

text: Sikh

text: Empire

text: became

text: the

text: last

text: territory

text: to

text: be

text: merged

text: into

text: British

text: India

text: In

text: Jhelum

text: British

text: soldiers

text: of

text: HM

text: XXIV

text: regiment

text: were

text: killed

text: by

text: the

text: local

text: resistance

text: during

text: the

text: Indian

text: Rebellion

text: of

text: needed

question: When did Ranjit Singh die?

answer: summer of 1839

text: summer of 1839

question: What did Ranjit Singh's death cause?

answer: political chaos

text: political chaos

question: When was part of Punjab annexed into British India?

answer: 1849

question: When was the Second Anglo-Sikh War?

answer: 1849

question: What was the last territory added to British India?

answer: the Sikh Empire

text: the Sikh Empire


text: Mathematics: The earliest traces of mathematical knowledge in the Indian subcontinent appear with the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 4th millennium BC ~ c. 3rd millennium BC). The people of this civilization made bricks whose dimensions were in the proportion 4:2:1, considered favorable for the stability of a brick structure. They also tried to standardize measurement of length to a high degree of accuracy. They designed a ruler—the Mohenjo-daro ruler—whose unit of length (approximately 1.32 inches or 3.4 centimetres) was divided into ten equal parts. Bricks manufactured in ancient Mohenjo-daro often had dimensions that were integral multiples of this unit of length.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: Mathematics

text: The

text: earliest

text: traces

text: of

text: mathematical

text: knowledge

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: appear

text: with

text: the

text: Indus

text: Valley

text: Civilization

text: c.

text: millennium

text: BC

text: c.

text: millennium

text: BC

text: The

text: people

text: of

text: this

text: civilization

text: made

text: bricks

text: whose

text: dimensions

text: were

text: in

text: the

text: proportion

text: considered

text: favorable

text: for

text: the

text: stability

text: of

text: a

text: brick

text: structure

text: They

text: also

text: tried

text: to

text: standardize

text: measurement

text: of

text: length

text: to

text: a

text: high

text: degree

text: of

text: accuracy

text: They

text: designed

text: a

text: ruler

text: the

text: Mohenjo

text: daro

text: ruler

text: whose

text: unit

text: of

text: length

text: approximately

text: inches

text: or

text: centimetres

text: was

text: divided

text: into

text: ten

text: equal

text: parts

text: Bricks

text: manufactured

text: in

text: ancient

text: Mohenjo

text: daro

text: often

text: had

text: dimensions

text: that

text: were

text: integral

text: multiples

text: of

text: this

text: unit

text: of

text: length

question: The Indus Valley Civilization was the first to have traces of what?

answer: mathematical knowledge

text: mathematical knowledge

question: What proportional size were the bricks that the civilization used?

answer: 4:2:1

question: What characteristic determined the proportions of the bricks?

answer: stability

text: stability

question: What was the name of the ruler that they created?

answer: the Mohenjo-daro ruler

text: the Mohenjo-daro ruler

question: How long were the units in inches of the Mohenjo-daro ruler?

answer: 1.32 inches

text: 1.32 inches


text: On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Conception of Mary, without using the word "Immaculate", he granted indulgences to those who would participate in the specially composed Mass or Office on the feast itself or during its octave, and he used the word "immaculate" of Mary, but applied instead the adjective "miraculous" to her conception. On 4 September 1483, referring to the feast as that of "the Conception of Immaculate Mary ever Virgin", he condemned both those who called it mortally sinful and heretical to hold that the "glorious and immaculate mother of God was conceived without the stain of original sin" and those who called it mortally sinful and heretical to hold that "the glorious Virgin Mary was conceived with original sin", since, he said, "up to this time there has been no decision made by the Roman Church and the Apostolic See." This decree was reaffirmed by the Council of Trent.

title: Immaculate_Conception

title: Immaculate_Conception

text: On

text: February

text: Pope

text: Sixtus

text: IV

text: authorized

text: those

text: dioceses

text: that

text: wished

text: to

text: introduce

text: the

text: feast

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: and

text: introduced

text: it

text: to

text: his

text: own

text: diocese

text: of

text: Rome

text: in

text: with

text: a

text: specially

text: composed

text: Mass

text: and

text: Office

text: of

text: the

text: feast

text: With

text: his

text: bull

text: Cum

text: praeexcelsa

text: of

text: February

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: feast

text: as

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Conception

text: of

text: Mary

text: without

text: using

text: the

text: word

text: Immaculate

text: he

text: granted

text: indulgences

text: to

text: those

text: who

text: would

text: participate

text: in

text: the

text: specially

text: composed

text: Mass

text: or

text: Office

text: on

text: the

text: feast

text: itself

text: or

text: during

text: its

text: octave

text: and

text: he

text: used

text: the

text: word

text: immaculate

text: of

text: Mary

text: but

text: applied

text: instead

text: the

text: adjective

text: miraculous

text: to

text: her

text: conception

text: On

text: September

text: referring

text: to

text: the

text: feast

text: as

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Conception

text: of

text: Immaculate

text: Mary

text: ever

text: Virgin

text: he

text: condemned

text: both

text: those

text: who

text: called

text: it

text: mortally

text: sinful

text: and

text: heretical

text: to

text: hold

text: that

text: the

text: glorious

text: and

text: immaculate

text: mother

text: of

text: God

text: was

text: conceived

text: without

text: the

text: stain

text: of

text: original

text: sin

text: and

text: those

text: who

text: called

text: it

text: mortally

text: sinful

text: and

text: heretical

text: to

text: hold

text: that

text: the

text: glorious

text: Virgin

text: Mary

text: was

text: conceived

text: with

text: original

text: sin

text: since

text: he

text: said

text: up

text: to

text: this

text: time

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: no

text: decision

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: Roman

text: Church

text: and

text: the

text: Apostolic

text: See

text: This

text: decree

text: was

text: reaffirmed

text: by

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Trent

question: What happened on the final day of the month of love that was of significance was authorized by the Holy Roman Church leader ?

answer: authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477

text: authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477

question: Who was the Holy Roman Church leader that authorized the change ?

answer: Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses

text: Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses

question: What document made the authorization official ?

answer: with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477

text: with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477

question: What word substitution did he use in the authorization to appease all of the worshipers and view points when speaking of the inception of Mary  ?

answer: but applied instead the adjective "miraculous" to her conception.

text: but applied instead the adjective "miraculous" to her conception.

question: What was the opposite of a sinner who committed a venial type? It would be the most grave type of all .

answer: mortally sinful

text: mortally sinful


text: Stars, planets, and moons keep their atmospheres by gravitational attraction, and as such, atmospheres have no clearly delineated boundary: the density of atmospheric gas simply decreases with distance from the object. The Earth's atmospheric pressure drops to about 6998320000000000000♠3.2×10−2 Pa at 100 kilometres (62 mi) of altitude, the Kármán line, which is a common definition of the boundary with outer space. Beyond this line, isotropic gas pressure rapidly becomes insignificant when compared to radiation pressure from the Sun and the dynamic pressure of the solar winds, so the definition of pressure becomes difficult to interpret. The thermosphere in this range has large gradients of pressure, temperature and composition, and varies greatly due to space weather. Astrophysicists prefer to use number density to describe these environments, in units of particles per cubic centimetre.

title: Vacuum

title: Vacuum

text: Stars

text: planets

text: and

text: moons

text: keep

text: their

text: atmospheres

text: by

text: gravitational

text: attraction

text: and

text: as

text: such

text: atmospheres

text: have

text: no

text: clearly

text: delineated

text: boundary

text: the

text: density

text: of

text: atmospheric

text: gas

text: simply

text: decreases

text: with

text: distance

text: from

text: the

text: object

text: The

text: Earth

text: 's

text: atmospheric

text: pressure

text: drops

text: to

text: about

text: Pa

text: at

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: of

text: altitude

text: the

text: Kármán

text: line

text: which

text: is

text: a

text: common

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: boundary

text: with

text: outer

text: space

text: Beyond

text: this

text: line

text: isotropic

text: gas

text: pressure

text: rapidly

text: becomes

text: insignificant

text: when

text: compared

text: to

text: radiation

text: pressure

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: and

text: the

text: dynamic

text: pressure

text: of

text: the

text: solar

text: winds

text: so

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: pressure

text: becomes

text: difficult

text: to

text: interpret

text: The

text: thermosphere

text: in

text: this

text: range

text: has

text: large

text: gradients

text: of

text: pressure

text: temperature

text: and

text: composition

text: and

text: varies

text: greatly

text: due

text: to

text: space

text: weather

text: Astrophysicists

text: prefer

text: to

text: use

text: number

text: density

text: to

text: describe

text: these

text: environments

text: in

text: units

text: of

text: particles

text: per

text: cubic

text: centimetre

question: `Why does thermosphere past the Karman line vary so greatly?

answer: due to space weather

text: due to space weather

question: What is commonly known as the boundary of outer space?

answer: the Kármán line

text: the Kármán line

question: What do Astrophysicists use to describe outer space beyond the karman line?

answer: number density

text: number density

question: What is more significant than isotropic gas pressure past the Karman line?

answer: radiation pressure from the Sun and the dynamic pressure of the solar winds

text: radiation pressure from the Sun and the dynamic pressure of the solar winds


text: The European Central Bank (ECB) is the central bank for the euro and administers monetary policy of the Eurozone, which consists of 19 EU member states and is one of the largest currency areas in the world. It is one of the world's most important central banks and is one of the seven institutions of the European Union (EU) listed in the Treaty on European Union (TEU). The capital stock of the bank is owned by the central banks of all 28 EU member states.[dated info] The Treaty of Amsterdam established the bank in 1998, and it is headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany. As of 2015[update] the President of the ECB is Mario Draghi, former governor of the Bank of Italy, former member of the World Bank, and former managing director of the Goldman Sachs international division (2002–2005). The bank primarily occupied the Eurotower prior to, and during, the construction of the new headquarters.

title: European_Central_Bank

title: European_Central_Bank

text: The

text: European

text: Central

text: Bank

text: ECB

text: is

text: the

text: central

text: bank

text: for

text: the

text: euro

text: and

text: administers

text: monetary

text: policy

text: of

text: the

text: Eurozone

text: which

text: consists

text: of

text: EU

text: member

text: states

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: currency

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: important

text: central

text: banks

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: institutions

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: EU

text: listed

text: in

text: the

text: Treaty

text: on

text: European

text: Union

text: TEU

text: The

text: capital

text: stock

text: of

text: the

text: bank

text: is

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: central

text: banks

text: of

text: all

text: EU

text: member

text: states.[dated

text: info

text: The

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Amsterdam

text: established

text: the

text: bank

text: in

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Frankfurt

text: Germany

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: ECB

text: is

text: Mario

text: Draghi

text: former

text: governor

text: of

text: the

text: Bank

text: of

text: Italy

text: former

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: and

text: former

text: managing

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: Goldman

text: Sachs

text: international

text: division

text: The

text: bank

text: primarily

text: occupied

text: the

text: Eurotower

text: prior

text: to

text: and

text: during

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: headquarters

question: What former managing director od Goldman Sachs international division is president of The European Central Bank?

answer: Mario Draghi

text: Mario Draghi

question: What is the official, central bank for the euro?

answer: The European Central Bank

text: The European Central Bank

question: What is the Eurozone?

answer: consists of 19 EU member states and is one of the largest currency areas in the world

text: consists of 19 EU member states and is one of the largest currency areas in the world

question: Who owns the capital stock of The European Central Bank?

answer: the central banks of all 28 EU member states

text: the central banks of all 28 EU member states

question: What established The European Central Bank?

answer: The Treaty of Amsterdam

text: The Treaty of Amsterdam


text: Play stops when the ball carrier's knee, elbow, or any other body part aside from the feet and hands, is forced to the ground (a tackle); when a forward pass is not caught on the fly (during a scrimmage); when a touchdown (see below) or a field goal is scored; when the ball leaves the playing area by any means (being carried, thrown, or fumbled out of bounds); or when the ball carrier is in a standing position but can no longer move forwards (called forward progress). If no score has been made, the next play starts from scrimmage.

title: Canadian_football

title: Canadian_football

text: Play

text: stops

text: when

text: the

text: ball

text: carrier

text: 's

text: knee

text: elbow

text: or

text: any

text: other

text: body

text: part

text: aside

text: from

text: the

text: feet

text: and

text: hands

text: is

text: forced

text: to

text: the

text: ground

text: a

text: tackle

text: when

text: a

text: forward

text: pass

text: is

text: not

text: caught

text: on

text: the

text: fly

text: during

text: a

text: scrimmage

text: when

text: a

text: touchdown

text: see

text: below

text: or

text: a

text: field

text: goal

text: is

text: scored

text: when

text: the

text: ball

text: leaves

text: the

text: playing

text: area

text: by

text: any

text: means

text: being

text: carried

text: thrown

text: or

text: fumbled

text: out

text: of

text: bounds

text: or

text: when

text: the

text: ball

text: carrier

text: is

text: in

text: a

text: standing

text: position

text: but

text: can

text: no

text: longer

text: move

text: forwards

text: called

text: forward

text: progress

text: If

text: no

text: score

text: has

text: been

text: made

text: the

text: next

text: play

text: starts

text: from

text: scrimmage

question: What is the term for play stopped because the ball carrier, although not fully tackled, can no longer advance the ball?

answer: forward progress

text: forward progress

question: Where does the next play start unless a team has just scored?

answer: scrimmage

text: scrimmage

question: Which parts of the ball carrier's body do not cause play to stop when they touch the ground?

answer: feet and hands

text: feet and hands

question: Which direction of pass causes play to stop when it is not caught?

answer: forward

text: forward


text: Australian citizens and residents from other parts of the nation now have automatic right of residence on the island after meeting these criteria (Immigration (Amendment No. 2) Act 2012). Australian citizens must carry either a passport or a Document of Identity to travel to Norfolk Island. Citizens of all other nations must carry a passport to travel to Norfolk Island even if arriving from other parts of Australia. Holders of Australian visas who travel to Norfolk Island have departed the Australian Migration Zone. Unless they hold a multiple-entry visa, the visa will have ceased; in which case they will require another visa to re-enter mainland Australia.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: Australian

text: citizens

text: and

text: residents

text: from

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: now

text: have

text: automatic

text: right

text: of

text: residence

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: after

text: meeting

text: these

text: criteria

text: Immigration

text: Amendment

text: No

text: Act

text: Australian

text: citizens

text: must

text: carry

text: either

text: a

text: passport

text: or

text: a

text: Document

text: of

text: Identity

text: to

text: travel

text: to

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: Citizens

text: of

text: all

text: other

text: nations

text: must

text: carry

text: a

text: passport

text: to

text: travel

text: to

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: even

text: if

text: arriving

text: from

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: Australia

text: Holders

text: of

text: Australian

text: visas

text: who

text: travel

text: to

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: have

text: departed

text: the

text: Australian

text: Migration

text: Zone

text: Unless

text: they

text: hold

text: a

text: multiple

text: entry

text: visa

text: the

text: visa

text: will

text: have

text: ceased

text: in

text: which

text: case

text: they

text: will

text: require

text: another

text: visa

text: to

text: re

text: enter

text: mainland

text: Australia

question: What automatic right do Australian citizens and residents have on Norfolk Island after meeting the criteria in Immigration (Amendment No. 2) Act 2012?

answer: automatic right of residence

text: automatic right of residence

question: What do citizens from other nations need in order to travel to Norfolk Island?

answer: a passport

text: a passport

question: What do Australian citizens need in order to travel to Norfolk Island?

answer: either a passport or a Document of Identity

text: either a passport or a Document of Identity

question: When someone has an Australian visa and they want to travel to Norfolk Island, where must they depart?

answer: Australian Migration Zone

text: Australian Migration Zone

question: What will happen to travelers with an Australian visa who don't depart from the Australian Migration Zone?

answer: the visa will have ceased

text: the visa will have ceased


text: During the early 20th century it became increasingly common to bury cremated remains rather than coffins in the abbey. In 1905 the actor Sir Henry Irving was cremated and his ashes buried in Westminster Abbey, thereby becoming the first person ever to be cremated prior to interment at the abbey. The majority of interments at the Abbey are of cremated remains, but some burials still take place - Frances Challen, wife of the Rev Sebastian Charles, Canon of Westminster, was buried alongside her husband in the south choir aisle in 2014. Members of the Percy Family have a family vault, The Northumberland Vault, in St Nicholas's chapel within the abbey.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: During

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: it

text: became

text: increasingly

text: common

text: to

text: bury

text: cremated

text: remains

text: rather

text: than

text: coffins

text: in

text: the

text: abbey

text: In

text: the

text: actor

text: Sir

text: Henry

text: Irving

text: was

text: cremated

text: and

text: his

text: ashes

text: buried

text: in

text: Westminster

text: Abbey

text: thereby

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: person

text: ever

text: to

text: be

text: cremated

text: prior

text: to

text: interment

text: at

text: the

text: abbey

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: interments

text: at

text: the

text: Abbey

text: are

text: of

text: cremated

text: remains

text: but

text: some

text: burials

text: still

text: take

text: place

text: Frances

text: Challen

text: wife

text: of

text: the

text: Rev

text: Sebastian

text: Charles

text: Canon

text: of

text: Westminster

text: was

text: buried

text: alongside

text: her

text: husband

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: choir

text: aisle

text: in

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: Percy

text: Family

text: have

text: a

text: family

text: vault

text: The

text: Northumberland

text: Vault

text: in

text: St

text: Nicholas

text: 's

text: chapel

text: within

text: the

text: abbey

question: In the early 20th century it became more common to bury what kind of remains?

answer: cremated

text: cremated

question: In what year was Sir Henry Irving cremated?

answer: 1905

question: Who was buried in the south choir aisle in 2014?

answer: Frances Challen

text: Frances Challen

question: What family has the Northumberland Vault?

answer: Percy Family

text: Percy Family


text: Muhammad also ordered another siege on the Banu Qurayza during the Invasion of Banu Qurayza, because according to Muslim tradition he had been ordered to do so by the angel Gabriel. Al-Waqidi claims Muhammad had a treaty with the tribe which was torn apart. Stillman and Watt deny the authenticity of al-Waqidi. Al-Waqidi has been frequently criticized by Muslim writers, who claim that he is unreliable. 600-900 members of the Banu Qurayza were beheaded after they surrendered (according to Tabari and Ibn Hisham). Another source says all Males and 1 woman beheaded (according to Sunni Hadith). Two Muslims were killed

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: Muhammad

text: also

text: ordered

text: another

text: siege

text: on

text: the

text: Banu

text: Qurayza

text: during

text: the

text: Invasion

text: of

text: Banu

text: Qurayza

text: because

text: according

text: to

text: Muslim

text: tradition

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: ordered

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: by

text: the

text: angel

text: Gabriel

text: Al

text: Waqidi

text: claims

text: Muhammad

text: had

text: a

text: treaty

text: with

text: the

text: tribe

text: which

text: was

text: torn

text: apart

text: Stillman

text: and

text: Watt

text: deny

text: the

text: authenticity

text: of

text: al

text: Waqidi

text: Al

text: Waqidi

text: has

text: been

text: frequently

text: criticized

text: by

text: Muslim

text: writers

text: who

text: claim

text: that

text: he

text: is

text: unreliable

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Banu

text: Qurayza

text: were

text: beheaded

text: after

text: they

text: surrendered

text: according

text: to

text: Tabari

text: and

text: Ibn

text: Hisham

text: Another

text: source

text: says

text: all

text: Males

text: and

text: woman

text: beheaded

text: according

text: to

text: Sunni

text: Hadith

text: Two

text: Muslims

text: were

text: killed

question: What angel, according to Muslim tradition, ordered Muhammad to order a siege on the Banu Qurayza?

answer: Gabriel

text: Gabriel

question: Who claims Muhammad had a treaty with the Banu Qurayza that was torn apart?

answer: Al-Waqidi

text: Al-Waqidi

question: How many members of the Banu Qurayza were beheaded after surrendering to Muhammad and his followers according to Tabari and Ibn Hisham?

answer: 600-900

question: According to Sunni Hadith which members of the Banu Qurayza were beheaded after surrendering to Muhammad and his followers?

answer: all Males and 1 woman

text: all Males and 1 woman

question: How many Muslims were killed during the invasion of Banu Qurayza?

answer: Two

text: Two


text: Early recommendations for the quantity of water required for maintenance of good health suggested that 6–8 glasses of water daily is the minimum to maintain proper hydration. However the notion that a person should consume eight glasses of water per day cannot be traced to a credible scientific source. The original water intake recommendation in 1945 by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council read: "An ordinary standard for diverse persons is 1 milliliter for each calorie of food. Most of this quantity is contained in prepared foods." More recent comparisons of well-known recommendations on fluid intake have revealed large discrepancies in the volumes of water we need to consume for good health. Therefore, to help standardize guidelines, recommendations for water consumption are included in two recent European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) documents (2010): (i) Food-based dietary guidelines and (ii) Dietary reference values for water or adequate daily intakes (ADI). These specifications were provided by calculating adequate intakes from measured intakes in populations of individuals with “desirable osmolarity values of urine and desirable water volumes per energy unit consumed.” For healthful hydration, the current EFSA guidelines recommend total water intakes of 2.0 L/day for adult females and 2.5 L/day for adult males. These reference values include water from drinking water, other beverages, and from food. About 80% of our daily water requirement comes from the beverages we drink, with the remaining 20% coming from food. Water content varies depending on the type of food consumed, with fruit and vegetables containing more than cereals, for example. These values are estimated using country-specific food balance sheets published by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. Other guidelines for nutrition also have implications for the beverages we consume for healthy hydration- for example, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend that added sugars should represent no more than 10% of total energy intake.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Early

text: recommendations

text: for

text: the

text: quantity

text: of

text: water

text: required

text: for

text: maintenance

text: of

text: good

text: health

text: suggested

text: that

text: glasses

text: of

text: water

text: daily

text: is

text: the

text: minimum

text: to

text: maintain

text: proper

text: hydration

text: However

text: the

text: notion

text: that

text: a

text: person

text: should

text: consume

text: eight

text: glasses

text: of

text: water

text: per

text: day

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: traced

text: to

text: a

text: credible

text: scientific

text: source

text: The

text: original

text: water

text: intake

text: recommendation

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Food

text: and

text: Nutrition

text: Board

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Research

text: Council

text: read

text: An

text: ordinary

text: standard

text: for

text: diverse

text: persons

text: is

text: milliliter

text: for

text: each

text: calorie

text: of

text: food

text: Most

text: of

text: this

text: quantity

text: is

text: contained

text: in

text: prepared

text: foods

text: More

text: recent

text: comparisons

text: of

text: well

text: known

text: recommendations

text: on

text: fluid

text: intake

text: have

text: revealed

text: large

text: discrepancies

text: in

text: the

text: volumes

text: of

text: water

text: we

text: need

text: to

text: consume

text: for

text: good

text: health

text: Therefore

text: to

text: help

text: standardize

text: guidelines

text: recommendations

text: for

text: water

text: consumption

text: are

text: included

text: in

text: two

text: recent

text: European

text: Food

text: Safety

text: Authority

text: EFSA

text: documents

text: i

text: Food

text: based

text: dietary

text: guidelines

text: and

text: ii

text: Dietary

text: reference

text: values

text: for

text: water

text: or

text: adequate

text: daily

text: intakes

text: ADI

text: These

text: specifications

text: were

text: provided

text: by

text: calculating

text: adequate

text: intakes

text: from

text: measured

text: intakes

text: in

text: populations

text: of

text: individuals

text: with

text: desirable

text: osmolarity

text: values

text: of

text: urine

text: and

text: desirable

text: water

text: volumes

text: per

text: energy

text: unit

text: consumed

text: For

text: healthful

text: hydration

text: the

text: current

text: EFSA

text: guidelines

text: recommend

text: total

text: water

text: intakes

text: of

text: L

text: day

text: for

text: adult

text: females

text: and

text: L

text: day

text: for

text: adult

text: males

text: These

text: reference

text: values

text: include

text: water

text: from

text: drinking

text: water

text: other

text: beverages

text: and

text: from

text: food

text: About

text: of

text: our

text: daily

text: water

text: requirement

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: beverages

text: we

text: drink

text: with

text: the

text: remaining

text: coming

text: from

text: food

text: Water

text: content

text: varies

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: type

text: of

text: food

text: consumed

text: with

text: fruit

text: and

text: vegetables

text: containing

text: more

text: than

text: cereals

text: for

text: example

text: These

text: values

text: are

text: estimated

text: using

text: country

text: specific

text: food

text: balance

text: sheets

text: published

text: by

text: the

text: Food

text: and

text: Agriculture

text: Organisation

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Other

text: guidelines

text: for

text: nutrition

text: also

text: have

text: implications

text: for

text: the

text: beverages

text: we

text: consume

text: for

text: healthy

text: hydration-

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: World

text: Health

text: Organization

text: WHO

text: recommend

text: that

text: added

text: sugars

text: should

text: represent

text: no

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: total

text: energy

text: intake

question: What was the early recommended amount of water that was supposedly required to keep the body hydrated?

answer: 6–8 glasses of water daily

text: 6–8 glasses of water daily

question: Who originally made a water intake recommendation in 1945?

answer: Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council

text: Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council

question: How much water should be taken in for each calorie of food that is consumed?

answer: 1 milliliter

text: 1 milliliter

question: What does ADI stand for?

answer: adequate daily intakes

text: adequate daily intakes

question: Where do humans get the 20% of water that does not come from the beverages we drink?

answer: food

text: food


text: From 1938 until 1995, the U.S. Supreme Court did not invalidate any federal statute as exceeding Congress' power under the Commerce Clause. Most actions by the federal government can find some legal support among the express powers, such as the Commerce Clause, whose applicability has been narrowed by the Supreme Court in recent years. In 1995 the Supreme Court rejected the Gun-Free School Zones Act in the Lopez decision, and also rejected the civil remedy portion of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 in the United States v. Morrison decision. Recently, the Commerce Clause was interpreted to include marijuana laws in the Gonzales v. Raich decision.

title: Federalism

title: Federalism

text: From

text: until

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: did

text: not

text: invalidate

text: any

text: federal

text: statute

text: as

text: exceeding

text: Congress

text: power

text: under

text: the

text: Commerce

text: Clause

text: Most

text: actions

text: by

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: can

text: find

text: some

text: legal

text: support

text: among

text: the

text: express

text: powers

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Commerce

text: Clause

text: whose

text: applicability

text: has

text: been

text: narrowed

text: by

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: In

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: rejected

text: the

text: Gun

text: Free

text: School

text: Zones

text: Act

text: in

text: the

text: Lopez

text: decision

text: and

text: also

text: rejected

text: the

text: civil

text: remedy

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Violence

text: Against

text: Women

text: Act

text: of

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: v.

text: Morrison

text: decision

text: Recently

text: the

text: Commerce

text: Clause

text: was

text: interpreted

text: to

text: include

text: marijuana

text: laws

text: in

text: the

text: Gonzales

text: v.

text: Raich

text: decision

question: What happened between 1938 to 1995?

answer: the U.S. Supreme Court did not invalidate any federal statute as exceeding Congress' power under the Commerce Clause.

text: the U.S. Supreme Court did not invalidate any federal statute as exceeding Congress' power under the Commerce Clause.

question: What are most actions in the federal government known as?

answer: Commerce Clause

text: Commerce Clause

question: What did the court reject in 1995?

answer: the Supreme Court rejected the Gun-Free School Zones Act in the Lopez decision

text: the Supreme Court rejected the Gun-Free School Zones Act in the Lopez decision

question: What did the court reject in 1994?

answer: rejected the civil remedy portion of the Violence Against Women Act

text: rejected the civil remedy portion of the Violence Against Women Act

question: What does the commerce clause include?

answer: include marijuana laws in the Gonzales v. Raich decision

text: include marijuana laws in the Gonzales v. Raich decision


text: The name Montana comes from the Spanish word Montaña, meaning "mountain", or more broadly, "mountainous country". Montaña del Norte was the name given by early Spanish explorers to the entire mountainous region of the west. The name Montana was added to a bill by the United States House Committee on Territories, which was chaired at the time by Rep. James Ashley of Ohio, for the territory that would become Idaho Territory. The name was successfully changed by Representatives Henry Wilson (Massachusetts) and Benjamin F. Harding (Oregon), who complained that Montana had "no meaning". When Ashley presented a bill to establish a temporary government in 1864 for a new territory to be carved out of Idaho, he again chose Montana Territory. This time Rep. Samuel Cox, also of Ohio, objected to the name. Cox complained that the name was a misnomer given that most of the territory was not mountainous and that a Native American name would be more appropriate than a Spanish one. Other names such as Shoshone were suggested, but it was eventually decided that the Committee on Territories could name it whatever they wanted, so the original name of Montana was adopted.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: The

text: name

text: Montana

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: Spanish

text: word

text: Montaña

text: meaning

text: mountain

text: or

text: more

text: broadly

text: mountainous

text: country

text: Montaña

text: del

text: Norte

text: was

text: the

text: name

text: given

text: by

text: early

text: Spanish

text: explorers

text: to

text: the

text: entire

text: mountainous

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: west

text: The

text: name

text: Montana

text: was

text: added

text: to

text: a

text: bill

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: House

text: Committee

text: on

text: Territories

text: which

text: was

text: chaired

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: by

text: Rep.

text: James

text: Ashley

text: of

text: Ohio

text: for

text: the

text: territory

text: that

text: would

text: become

text: Idaho

text: Territory

text: The

text: name

text: was

text: successfully

text: changed

text: by

text: Representatives

text: Henry

text: Wilson

text: Massachusetts

text: and

text: Benjamin

text: F.

text: Harding

text: Oregon

text: who

text: complained

text: that

text: Montana

text: had

text: no

text: meaning

text: When

text: Ashley

text: presented

text: a

text: bill

text: to

text: establish

text: a

text: temporary

text: government

text: in

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: territory

text: to

text: be

text: carved

text: out

text: of

text: Idaho

text: he

text: again

text: chose

text: Montana

text: Territory

text: This

text: time

text: Rep.

text: Samuel

text: Cox

text: also

text: of

text: Ohio

text: objected

text: to

text: the

text: name

text: Cox

text: complained

text: that

text: the

text: name

text: was

text: a

text: misnomer

text: given

text: that

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: territory

text: was

text: not

text: mountainous

text: and

text: that

text: a

text: Native

text: American

text: name

text: would

text: be

text: more

text: appropriate

text: than

text: a

text: Spanish

text: one

text: Other

text: names

text: such

text: as

text: Shoshone

text: were

text: suggested

text: but

text: it

text: was

text: eventually

text: decided

text: that

text: the

text: Committee

text: on

text: Territories

text: could

text: name

text: it

text: whatever

text: they

text: wanted

text: so

text: the

text: original

text: name

text: of

text: Montana

text: was

text: adopted

question: Where does the state's name mean?

answer: "mountain"

text: "mountain"

question: What did the Spanish call this region?

answer: Montaña del Norte

text: Montaña del Norte


text: In addition to the sharing of household chores, certain cultures expect adolescents to share in their family's financial responsibilities. According to family economic and financial education specialists, adolescents develop sound money management skills through the practices of saving and spending money, as well as through planning ahead for future economic goals. Differences between families in the distribution of financial responsibilities or provision of allowance may reflect various social background circumstances and intrafamilial processes, which are further influenced by cultural norms and values, as well as by the business sector and market economy of a given society. For instance, in many developing countries it is common for children to attend fewer years of formal schooling so that, when they reach adolescence, they can begin working.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: sharing

text: of

text: household

text: chores

text: certain

text: cultures

text: expect

text: adolescents

text: to

text: share

text: in

text: their

text: family

text: 's

text: financial

text: responsibilities

text: According

text: to

text: family

text: economic

text: and

text: financial

text: education

text: specialists

text: adolescents

text: develop

text: sound

text: money

text: management

text: skills

text: through

text: the

text: practices

text: of

text: saving

text: and

text: spending

text: money

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: through

text: planning

text: ahead

text: for

text: future

text: economic

text: goals

text: Differences

text: between

text: families

text: in

text: the

text: distribution

text: of

text: financial

text: responsibilities

text: or

text: provision

text: of

text: allowance

text: may

text: reflect

text: various

text: social

text: background

text: circumstances

text: and

text: intrafamilial

text: processes

text: which

text: are

text: further

text: influenced

text: by

text: cultural

text: norms

text: and

text: values

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: by

text: the

text: business

text: sector

text: and

text: market

text: economy

text: of

text: a

text: given

text: society

text: For

text: instance

text: in

text: many

text: developing

text: countries

text: it

text: is

text: common

text: for

text: children

text: to

text: attend

text: fewer

text: years

text: of

text: formal

text: schooling

text: so

text: that

text: when

text: they

text: reach

text: adolescence

text: they

text: can

text: begin

text: working

question: In developing countries, is it common for children to attend fewer or greater years of formal schooling?

answer: fewer

text: fewer

question: Why, in developting countries, do children often attend fewer years of formal schooling?

answer: so that, when they reach adolescence, they can begin working

text: so that, when they reach adolescence, they can begin working

question: According to family economic and financial education specialists, how do adolescents develop sound money management skills?

answer: saving and spending money

text: saving and spending money


text: The distinctive characteristic of English cathedrals is their extreme length, and their internal emphasis upon the horizontal, which may be emphasised visually as much or more than the vertical lines. Each English cathedral (with the exception of Salisbury) has an extraordinary degree of stylistic diversity, when compared with most French, German and Italian cathedrals. It is not unusual for every part of the building to have been built in a different century and in a different style, with no attempt at creating a stylistic unity. Unlike French cathedrals, English cathedrals sprawl across their sites, with double transepts projecting strongly and Lady Chapels tacked on at a later date, such as at Westminster Abbey. In the west front, the doors are not as significant as in France, the usual congregational entrance being through a side porch. The West window is very large and never a rose, which are reserved for the transept gables. The west front may have two towers like a French Cathedral, or none. There is nearly always a tower at the crossing and it may be very large and surmounted by a spire. The distinctive English east end is square, but it may take a completely different form. Both internally and externally, the stonework is often richly decorated with carvings, particularly the capitals.

title: Gothic_architecture

title: Gothic_architecture

text: The

text: distinctive

text: characteristic

text: of

text: English

text: cathedrals

text: is

text: their

text: extreme

text: length

text: and

text: their

text: internal

text: emphasis

text: upon

text: the

text: horizontal

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: emphasised

text: visually

text: as

text: much

text: or

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: vertical

text: lines

text: Each

text: English

text: cathedral

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: Salisbury

text: has

text: an

text: extraordinary

text: degree

text: of

text: stylistic

text: diversity

text: when

text: compared

text: with

text: most

text: French

text: German

text: and

text: Italian

text: cathedrals

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: unusual

text: for

text: every

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: building

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: built

text: in

text: a

text: different

text: century

text: and

text: in

text: a

text: different

text: style

text: with

text: no

text: attempt

text: at

text: creating

text: a

text: stylistic

text: unity

text: Unlike

text: French

text: cathedrals

text: English

text: cathedrals

text: sprawl

text: across

text: their

text: sites

text: with

text: double

text: transepts

text: projecting

text: strongly

text: and

text: Lady

text: Chapels

text: tacked

text: on

text: at

text: a

text: later

text: date

text: such

text: as

text: at

text: Westminster

text: Abbey

text: In

text: the

text: west

text: front

text: the

text: doors

text: are

text: not

text: as

text: significant

text: as

text: in

text: France

text: the

text: usual

text: congregational

text: entrance

text: being

text: through

text: a

text: side

text: porch

text: The

text: West

text: window

text: is

text: very

text: large

text: and

text: never

text: a

text: rose

text: which

text: are

text: reserved

text: for

text: the

text: transept

text: gables

text: The

text: west

text: front

text: may

text: have

text: two

text: towers

text: like

text: a

text: French

text: Cathedral

text: or

text: There

text: is

text: nearly

text: always

text: a

text: tower

text: at

text: the

text: crossing

text: and

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: very

text: large

text: and

text: surmounted

text: by

text: a

text: spire

text: The

text: distinctive

text: English

text: east

text: end

text: is

text: square

text: but

text: it

text: may

text: take

text: a

text: completely

text: different

text: form

text: Both

text: internally

text: and

text: externally

text: the

text: stonework

text: is

text: often

text: richly

text: decorated

text: with

text: carvings

text: particularly

text: the

text: capitals

question: What is the unique design feature of English cathedrals?

answer: their extreme length

text: their extreme length

question: What type of transepts do English cathedrals often feature?

answer: double transepts

text: double transepts

question: What size of window is typically featured on the west end of English cathedrals?

answer: very large

text: very large

question: Where are rose windows used on English cathedrals?

answer: the transept gables

text: the transept gables

question: On English cathedrals, where is a tower almost always found?

answer: at the crossing

text: at the crossing


text: Some bacteria produce intracellular nutrient storage granules for later use, such as glycogen, polyphosphate, sulfur or polyhydroxyalkanoates. Certain bacterial species, such as the photosynthetic Cyanobacteria, produce internal gas vesicles, which they use to regulate their buoyancy – allowing them to move up or down into water layers with different light intensities and nutrient levels. Intracellular membranes called chromatophores are also found in membranes of phototrophic bacteria. Used primarily for photosynthesis, they contain bacteriochlorophyll pigments and carotenoids. An early idea was that bacteria might contain membrane folds termed mesosomes, but these were later shown to be artifacts produced by the chemicals used to prepare the cells for electron microscopy. Inclusions are considered to be nonliving components of the cell that do not possess metabolic activity and are not bounded by membranes. The most common inclusions are glycogen, lipid droplets, crystals, and pigments. Volutin granules are cytoplasmic inclusions of complexed inorganic polyphosphate. These granules are called metachromatic granules due to their displaying the metachromatic effect; they appear red or blue when stained with the blue dyes methylene blue or toluidine blue. Gas vacuoles, which are freely permeable to gas, are membrane-bound vesicles present in some species of Cyanobacteria. They allow the bacteria to control their buoyancy. Microcompartments are widespread, membrane-bound organelles that are made of a protein shell that surrounds and encloses various enzymes. Carboxysomes are bacterial microcompartments that contain enzymes involved in carbon fixation. Magnetosomes are bacterial microcompartments, present in magnetotactic bacteria, that contain magnetic crystals.

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: Some

text: bacteria

text: produce

text: intracellular

text: nutrient

text: storage

text: granules

text: for

text: later

text: use

text: such

text: as

text: glycogen

text: polyphosphate

text: sulfur

text: or

text: polyhydroxyalkanoates

text: Certain

text: bacterial

text: species

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: photosynthetic

text: Cyanobacteria

text: produce

text: internal

text: gas

text: vesicles

text: which

text: they

text: use

text: to

text: regulate

text: their

text: buoyancy

text: allowing

text: them

text: to

text: move

text: up

text: or

text: down

text: into

text: water

text: layers

text: with

text: different

text: light

text: intensities

text: and

text: nutrient

text: levels

text: Intracellular

text: membranes

text: called

text: chromatophores

text: are

text: also

text: found

text: in

text: membranes

text: of

text: phototrophic

text: bacteria

text: Used

text: primarily

text: for

text: photosynthesis

text: they

text: contain

text: bacteriochlorophyll

text: pigments

text: and

text: carotenoids

text: An

text: early

text: idea

text: was

text: that

text: bacteria

text: might

text: contain

text: membrane

text: folds

text: termed

text: mesosomes

text: but

text: these

text: were

text: later

text: shown

text: to

text: be

text: artifacts

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: chemicals

text: used

text: to

text: prepare

text: the

text: cells

text: for

text: electron

text: microscopy

text: Inclusions

text: are

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: nonliving

text: components

text: of

text: the

text: cell

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: possess

text: metabolic

text: activity

text: and

text: are

text: not

text: bounded

text: by

text: membranes

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: inclusions

text: are

text: glycogen

text: lipid

text: droplets

text: crystals

text: and

text: pigments

text: Volutin

text: granules

text: are

text: cytoplasmic

text: inclusions

text: of

text: complexed

text: inorganic

text: polyphosphate

text: These

text: granules

text: are

text: called

text: metachromatic

text: granules

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: displaying

text: the

text: metachromatic

text: effect

text: they

text: appear

text: red

text: or

text: blue

text: when

text: stained

text: with

text: the

text: blue

text: dyes

text: methylene

text: blue

text: or

text: toluidine

text: blue

text: Gas

text: vacuoles

text: which

text: are

text: freely

text: permeable

text: to

text: gas

text: are

text: membrane

text: bound

text: vesicles

text: present

text: in

text: some

text: species

text: of

text: Cyanobacteria

text: They

text: allow

text: the

text: bacteria

text: to

text: control

text: their

text: buoyancy

text: Microcompartments

text: are

text: widespread

text: membrane

text: bound

text: organelles

text: that

text: are

text: made

text: of

text: a

text: protein

text: shell

text: that

text: surrounds

text: and

text: encloses

text: various

text: enzymes

text: Carboxysomes

text: are

text: bacterial

text: microcompartments

text: that

text: contain

text: enzymes

text: involved

text: in

text: carbon

text: fixation

text: Magnetosomes

text: are

text: bacterial

text: microcompartments

text: present

text: in

text: magnetotactic

text: bacteria

text: that

text: contain

text: magnetic

text: crystals

question: What types of intracellar nutrient can bacteria produce?

answer: glycogen, polyphosphate, sulfur or polyhydroxyalkanoates

text: glycogen, polyphosphate, sulfur or polyhydroxyalkanoates

question: What gas vacuoles are respoonsible for in bacteria?

answer: to control their buoyancy

text: to control their buoyancy

question: What are the most common nonliving compositions in bacteria?

answer: glycogen, lipid droplets, crystals, and pigments

text: glycogen, lipid droplets, crystals, and pigments

question: How does gas vesicles produced by Cyanobacteria help her to move in water?

answer: move up or down into water layers with different light intensities

text: move up or down into water layers with different light intensities

question: What are chromatophores used for?

answer: photosynthesis

text: photosynthesis


text: Season eight premiered on January 13, 2009. Mike Darnell, the president of alternative programming for Fox, stated that the season would focus more on the contestants' personal life. Much early attention on the show was therefore focused on the widowhood of Danny Gokey.[citation needed]

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Season

text: eight

text: premiered

text: on

text: January

text: Mike

text: Darnell

text: the

text: president

text: of

text: alternative

text: programming

text: for

text: Fox

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: season

text: would

text: focus

text: more

text: on

text: the

text: contestants

text: personal

text: life

text: Much

text: early

text: attention

text: on

text: the

text: show

text: was

text: therefore

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: widowhood

text: of

text: Danny

text: Gokey.[citation

text: needed

question: What year did the eighth season of American Idol first air?

answer: 2009

question: Which contestant from season eight suffered the loss of a spouse?

answer: Danny Gokey

text: Danny Gokey

question: What was Mike Darnells position at Fox in 2009?

answer: president of alternative programming

text: president of alternative programming

question: What month did American Idol begin airing its eighth season?

answer: January

text: January

question: When did season eight premiere?

answer: January 13, 2009

text: January 13, 2009

question: Who was the president of alternative programming at Fox?

answer: Mike Darnell

text: Mike Darnell

question: Which contestant received a lot of attention because of his widowhood?

answer: Danny Gokey

text: Danny Gokey


text: According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged compared to White Americans and are more likely to live in poverty. They are the least well educated major ethnic group and suffered a 3% drop in high school completion rate while African Americans experienced a 12% increase between 1975-1990. In 1990, they constituted 9% of the population, but only received 3.1% of the bachelors's degrees awarded. At times when it is favorable to lawmakers, Latinos were considered "white" by the Jim Crow laws during the Reconstruction. In other cases, according to Paul Brest, Latinos have been classified as an inferior race and a threat to white purity. Latinos have encountered considerable discrimination in areas such as employment, housing, and education. Brest finds that stereotypes continue to be largely negative and many perceive Latinos as "lazy, unproductive, and on the dole." Furthermore, native-born Latino-Americans and recent immigrants are seen as identical since outsiders tend not to differentiate between Latino groups.

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: study

text: by

text: Dr.

text: Paul

text: Brest

text: Hispanics

text: or

text: Latinos

text: include

text: immigrants

text: who

text: are

text: descendants

text: of

text: immigrants

text: from

text: the

text: countries

text: comprising

text: Central

text: and

text: South

text: America

text: In

text: Mexican

text: Americans

text: Puerto

text: Ricans

text: and

text: Cuban

text: Americans

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: the

text: Latino

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Latinos

text: are

text: disadvantaged

text: compared

text: to

text: White

text: Americans

text: and

text: are

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: live

text: in

text: poverty

text: They

text: are

text: the

text: least

text: well

text: educated

text: major

text: ethnic

text: group

text: and

text: suffered

text: a

text: drop

text: in

text: high

text: school

text: completion

text: rate

text: while

text: African

text: Americans

text: experienced

text: a

text: increase

text: between

text: In

text: they

text: constituted

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: but

text: only

text: received

text: of

text: the

text: bachelors

text: 's

text: degrees

text: awarded

text: At

text: times

text: when

text: it

text: is

text: favorable

text: to

text: lawmakers

text: Latinos

text: were

text: considered

text: white

text: by

text: the

text: Jim

text: Crow

text: laws

text: during

text: the

text: Reconstruction

text: In

text: other

text: cases

text: according

text: to

text: Paul

text: Brest

text: Latinos

text: have

text: been

text: classified

text: as

text: an

text: inferior

text: race

text: and

text: a

text: threat

text: to

text: white

text: purity

text: Latinos

text: have

text: encountered

text: considerable

text: discrimination

text: in

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: employment

text: housing

text: and

text: education

text: Brest

text: finds

text: that

text: stereotypes

text: continue

text: to

text: be

text: largely

text: negative

text: and

text: many

text: perceive

text: Latinos

text: as

text: lazy

text: unproductive

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: dole

text: Furthermore

text: native

text: born

text: Latino

text: Americans

text: and

text: recent

text: immigrants

text: are

text: seen

text: as

text: identical

text: since

text: outsiders

text: tend

text: not

text: to

text: differentiate

text: between

text: Latino

text: groups

question: Who conducted a study about the origins of "Latinos"?

answer: Dr. Paul Brest

text: Dr. Paul Brest

question: How much of the Latino population did Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans make up in 1991?

answer: 80%

question: In relation to other major ethnic groups, what is the education level of Latinos?

answer: least well educated

text: least well educated

question: What was the percentage increase of the high school completion rate for African Americans between 1975 and 1990?

answer: 12%

question: How many of the total bachelor degrees awarded in 1990 went to Latinos?

answer: 3.1%