text: Despite repeated efforts by the Tajik government to improve and expand health care, the system remains extremely underdeveloped and poor, with severe shortages of medical supplies. The state's Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare reported that 104,272 disabled people are registered in Tajikistan (2000). This group of people suffers most from poverty in Tajikistan. The government of Tajikistan and the World Bank considered activities to support this part of the population described in the World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. Public expenditure on health was at 1% of the GDP in 2004.

title: Tajikistan

title: Tajikistan

text: Despite

text: repeated

text: efforts

text: by

text: the

text: Tajik

text: government

text: to

text: improve

text: and

text: expand

text: health

text: care

text: the

text: system

text: remains

text: extremely

text: underdeveloped

text: and

text: poor

text: with

text: severe

text: shortages

text: of

text: medical

text: supplies

text: The

text: state

text: 's

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Labor

text: and

text: Social

text: Welfare

text: reported

text: that

text: disabled

text: people

text: are

text: registered

text: in

text: Tajikistan

text: This

text: group

text: of

text: people

text: suffers

text: most

text: from

text: poverty

text: in

text: Tajikistan

text: The

text: government

text: of

text: Tajikistan

text: and

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: considered

text: activities

text: to

text: support

text: this

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: described

text: in

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: 's

text: Poverty

text: Reduction

text: Strategy

text: Paper

text: Public

text: expenditure

text: on

text: health

text: was

text: at

text: of

text: the

text: GDP

text: in

question: What is wrong with the health care system in Tajikistan?

answer: , the system remains extremely underdeveloped and poor, with severe shortages of medical supplies

text: , the system remains extremely underdeveloped and poor, with severe shortages of medical supplies

question: How many disabled people are registered in Tajikistan?

answer: 104,272

question: What percent of the GDP was spent on health?

answer: 1%

question: What was the name of the paper that the World Bank and Tajikistan came up with?

answer: World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper

text: World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper


text: ADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wireless).

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: ADSL

text: broadband

text: service

text: is

text: provided

text: with

text: maximum

text: speeds

text: of

text: up

text: to

text: KBit

text: s

text: downstream

text: and

text: KBit

text: s

text: upstream

text: offered

text: on

text: contract

text: levels

text: from

text: lite

text: per

text: month

text: to

text: gold+

text: at

text: per

text: month

text: There

text: are

text: a

text: few

text: public

text: WiFi

text: hotspots

text: in

text: Jamestown

text: which

text: are

text: also

text: being

text: operated

text: by

text: SURE

text: formerly

text: Cable

text: Wireless

question: What kind of broadband service is provided on the island?

answer: ADSL

text: ADSL

question: What is the maximum speed of the broadband service?

answer: 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream

text: 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream

question: What is the lite price of the broadband service?

answer: £16 per month

text: £16 per month

question: What is the gold price of the broadband service?

answer: £190 per month

text: £190 per month

question: What location has a few public wifi spots available to the public?

answer: Jamestown

text: Jamestown


text: Essential genes are the set of genes thought to be critical for an organism's survival. This definition assumes the abundant availability of all relevant nutrients and the absence of environmental stress. Only a small portion of an organism's genes are essential. In bacteria, an estimated 250–400 genes are essential for Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, which is less than 10% of their genes. Half of these genes are orthologs in both organisms and are largely involved in protein synthesis. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae the number of essential genes is slightly higher, at 1000 genes (~20% of their genes). Although the number is more difficult to measure in higher eukaryotes, mice and humans are estimated to have around 2000 essential genes (~10% of their genes).

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: Essential

text: genes

text: are

text: the

text: set

text: of

text: genes

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: critical

text: for

text: an

text: organism

text: 's

text: survival

text: This

text: definition

text: assumes

text: the

text: abundant

text: availability

text: of

text: all

text: relevant

text: nutrients

text: and

text: the

text: absence

text: of

text: environmental

text: stress

text: Only

text: a

text: small

text: portion

text: of

text: an

text: organism

text: 's

text: genes

text: are

text: essential

text: In

text: bacteria

text: an

text: estimated

text: genes

text: are

text: essential

text: for

text: Escherichia

text: coli

text: and

text: Bacillus

text: subtilis

text: which

text: is

text: less

text: than

text: of

text: their

text: genes

text: Half

text: of

text: these

text: genes

text: are

text: orthologs

text: in

text: both

text: organisms

text: and

text: are

text: largely

text: involved

text: in

text: protein

text: synthesis

text: In

text: the

text: budding

text: yeast

text: Saccharomyces

text: cerevisiae

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: essential

text: genes

text: is

text: slightly

text: higher

text: at

text: genes

text: of

text: their

text: genes

text: Although

text: the

text: number

text: is

text: more

text: difficult

text: to

text: measure

text: in

text: higher

text: eukaryotes

text: mice

text: and

text: humans

text: are

text: estimated

text: to

text: have

text: around

text: essential

text: genes

text: of

text: their

text: genes

question: What are the set of genes which are thought to be crucial for the survival of an organism?

answer: Essential genes

text: Essential genes

question: What does the definition of essential genes assume an absence of?

answer: environmental stress

text: environmental stress

question: How many genes are essential for Escherichia coli?

answer: 250–400

question: What fraction of Escherichia coli's essential genes are orthologs?

answer: Half

text: Half

question: How many essential genes does Saccharomyces cerevisiae have?

answer: 1000 genes

text: 1000 genes


text: In August 1855 a Franco-British naval force captured and destroyed the Russian Bomarsund fortress on Åland Islands. In the same month, the Western Allied Baltic Fleet tried to destroy heavily defended Russian dockyards at Sveaborg outside Helsinki. More than 1000 enemy guns tested the strength of the fortress for two days. Despite the shelling, the sailors of the 120-gun ship Rossiya, led by Captain Viktor Poplonsky, defended the entrance to the harbor. The Allies fired over 20,000 shells but failed to defeat the Russian batteries. A massive new fleet of more than 350 gunboats and mortar vessels was prepared[by whom?], but before the attack was launched, the war ended.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: In

text: August

text: a

text: Franco

text: British

text: naval

text: force

text: captured

text: and

text: destroyed

text: the

text: Russian

text: Bomarsund

text: fortress

text: on

text: Åland

text: Islands

text: In

text: the

text: same

text: month

text: the

text: Western

text: Allied

text: Baltic

text: Fleet

text: tried

text: to

text: destroy

text: heavily

text: defended

text: Russian

text: dockyards

text: at

text: Sveaborg

text: outside

text: Helsinki

text: More

text: than

text: enemy

text: guns

text: tested

text: the

text: strength

text: of

text: the

text: fortress

text: for

text: two

text: days

text: Despite

text: the

text: shelling

text: the

text: sailors

text: of

text: the

text: ship

text: Rossiya

text: led

text: by

text: Captain

text: Viktor

text: Poplonsky

text: defended

text: the

text: entrance

text: to

text: the

text: harbor

text: The

text: Allies

text: fired

text: over

text: shells

text: but

text: failed

text: to

text: defeat

text: the

text: Russian

text: batteries

text: A

text: massive

text: new

text: fleet

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: gunboats

text: and

text: mortar

text: vessels

text: was

text: prepared[by

text: whom

text: but

text: before

text: the

text: attack

text: was

text: launched

text: the

text: war

text: ended

question: When did the French and British capture the Russian Bomarsund fortress?

answer: August 1855

text: August 1855

question: Where was the Russian Bomarsund fortress at?

answer: Åland Islands

text: Åland Islands

question: Who led the ship Rossiya?

answer: Captain Viktor Poplonsky

text: Captain Viktor Poplonsky

question: What was captain Viktor Poplonsky defending?

answer: entrance to the harbor

text: entrance to the harbor


text: Many sports popular today were formalised by British Public schools and universities in the 19th century. These schools produced the civil servants and military and naval officers required to build and maintain the British empire, and team sports were considered a vital tool for training their students to think and act as part of a team. Former public schoolboys continued to pursue these activities, and founded organisations such as the Football Association (FA). Today's association of football with the working classes began in 1885 when the FA changed its rules to allow professional players.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: Many

text: sports

text: popular

text: today

text: were

text: formalised

text: by

text: British

text: Public

text: schools

text: and

text: universities

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: These

text: schools

text: produced

text: the

text: civil

text: servants

text: and

text: military

text: and

text: naval

text: officers

text: required

text: to

text: build

text: and

text: maintain

text: the

text: British

text: empire

text: and

text: team

text: sports

text: were

text: considered

text: a

text: vital

text: tool

text: for

text: training

text: their

text: students

text: to

text: think

text: and

text: act

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: team

text: Former

text: public

text: schoolboys

text: continued

text: to

text: pursue

text: these

text: activities

text: and

text: founded

text: organisations

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Football

text: Association

text: FA

text: Today

text: 's

text: association

text: of

text: football

text: with

text: the

text: working

text: classes

text: began

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: FA

text: changed

text: its

text: rules

text: to

text: allow

text: professional

text: players

question: Who created and popularized many of the sports that we love today?

answer: British Public schools and universities in the 19th century

text: British Public schools and universities in the 19th century

question: Why were sports important in these schools?

answer: sports were considered a vital tool for training their students to think and act as part of a team

text: sports were considered a vital tool for training their students to think and act as part of a team

question: Who founded organizations like the FA?

answer: Former public schoolboys

text: Former public schoolboys

question: What changed in 1885 due to the FA changing rules?

answer: association of football with the working classes

text: association of football with the working classes


text: In addition to re-writing the classification of annelids and 3 previously independent phyla, the molecular phylogenetics analyses undermine the emphasis that decades of previous writings placed on the importance of segmentation in the classification of invertebrates. Polychaetes, which these analyses found to be the parent group, have completely segmented bodies, while polychaetes' echiurans and sipunculan offshoots are not segmented and pogonophores are segmented only in the rear parts of their bodies. It now seems that segmentation can appear and disappear much more easily in the course of evolution than was previously thought. The 2007 study also noted that the ladder-like nervous system, which is associated with segmentation, is less universal previously thought in both annelids and arthropods.[n 2]

title: Annelid

title: Annelid

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: re

text: writing

text: the

text: classification

text: of

text: annelids

text: and

text: previously

text: independent

text: phyla

text: the

text: molecular

text: phylogenetics

text: analyses

text: undermine

text: the

text: emphasis

text: that

text: decades

text: of

text: previous

text: writings

text: placed

text: on

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: segmentation

text: in

text: the

text: classification

text: of

text: invertebrates

text: Polychaetes

text: which

text: these

text: analyses

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: parent

text: group

text: have

text: completely

text: segmented

text: bodies

text: while

text: polychaetes

text: echiurans

text: and

text: sipunculan

text: offshoots

text: are

text: not

text: segmented

text: and

text: pogonophores

text: are

text: segmented

text: only

text: in

text: the

text: rear

text: parts

text: of

text: their

text: bodies

text: It

text: now

text: seems

text: that

text: segmentation

text: can

text: appear

text: and

text: disappear

text: much

text: more

text: easily

text: in

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: evolution

text: than

text: was

text: previously

text: thought

text: The

text: study

text: also

text: noted

text: that

text: the

text: ladder

text: like

text: nervous

text: system

text: which

text: is

text: associated

text: with

text: segmentation

text: is

text: less

text: universal

text: previously

text: thought

text: in

text: both

text: annelids

text: and

text: arthropods.[n

question: How many previously-separate phyla did the 2007 study reclassify?

answer: 3

question: What did the 2007 study decide was the parent group for annelids?

answer: Polychaetes

text: Polychaetes

question: What offshoots of polychaetes are unsegmented?

answer: echiurans and sipunculan

text: echiurans and sipunculan

question: What offshoots of polychaetes are only segmented in the rear?

answer: pogonophores

text: pogonophores

question: What nervous system structure is less univeral among annelids than was thought before 2007?

answer: ladder-like

text: ladder-like


text: The Russian alphabet has many systems of character encoding. KOI8-R was designed by the Soviet government and was intended to serve as the standard encoding. This encoding was and still is widely used in UNIX-like operating systems. Nevertheless, the spread of MS-DOS and OS/2 (IBM866), traditional Macintosh (ISO/IEC 8859-5) and Microsoft Windows (CP1251) created chaos and ended by establishing different encodings as de facto standards, with Windows-1251 becoming a de facto standard in Russian Internet and e-mail communication during the period of roughly 1995–2005.

title: Russian_language

title: Russian_language

text: The

text: Russian

text: alphabet

text: has

text: many

text: systems

text: of

text: character

text: encoding

text: was

text: designed

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: government

text: and

text: was

text: intended

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: the

text: standard

text: encoding

text: This

text: encoding

text: was

text: and

text: still

text: is

text: widely

text: used

text: in

text: UNIX

text: like

text: operating

text: systems

text: Nevertheless

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: MS

text: DOS

text: and

text: traditional

text: Macintosh

text: ISO

text: IEC

text: and

text: Microsoft

text: Windows

text: created

text: chaos

text: and

text: ended

text: by

text: establishing

text: different

text: encodings

text: as

text: de

text: facto

text: standards

text: with

text: becoming

text: a

text: de

text: facto

text: standard

text: in

text: Russian

text: Internet

text: and

text: e

text: mail

text: communication

text: during

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: roughly

question: Who created KOI8-R encoding?

answer: the Soviet government

text: the Soviet government

question: What system used CP1251 encoding?

answer: Microsoft Windows

text: Microsoft Windows

question: What systems used IBM866 encoding?

answer: MS-DOS and OS/2

text: MS-DOS and OS/2

question: What encoding did early Macs use?

answer: ISO/IEC 8859-5

text: ISO/IEC 8859-5

question: In what years was CP1251 encoding used in most Russian online usage?

answer: 1995–2005


text: On 1 November 2013, international postal services for Somalia officially resumed. The Universal Postal Union is now assisting the Somali Postal Service to develop its capacity, including providing technical assistance and basic mail processing equipment.

title: Communications_in_Somalia

title: Communications_in_Somalia

text: On

text: November

text: international

text: postal

text: services

text: for

text: Somalia

text: officially

text: resumed

text: The

text: Universal

text: Postal

text: Union

text: is

text: now

text: assisting

text: the

text: Somali

text: Postal

text: Service

text: to

text: develop

text: its

text: capacity

text: including

text: providing

text: technical

text: assistance

text: and

text: basic

text: mail

text: processing

text: equipment

question: What year did postal service in Somalia resume?

answer: 2013

question: Who is helping the Somali Postal service reach its capacity?

answer: Universal Postal Union

text: Universal Postal Union

question: What type of assistance does the postal union provide?

answer: technical

text: technical

question: What type of equipment does the postal union provide?

answer: basic mail processing equipment

text: basic mail processing equipment


text: There are many established music festivals in Alaska, including the Alaska Folk Festival, the Fairbanks Summer Arts Festival, the Anchorage Folk Festival, the Athabascan Old-Time Fiddling Festival, the Sitka Jazz Festival, and the Sitka Summer Music Festival. The most prominent orchestra in Alaska is the Anchorage Symphony Orchestra, though the Fairbanks Symphony Orchestra and Juneau Symphony are also notable. The Anchorage Opera is currently the state's only professional opera company, though there are several volunteer and semi-professional organizations in the state as well.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: established

text: music

text: festivals

text: in

text: Alaska

text: including

text: the

text: Alaska

text: Folk

text: Festival

text: the

text: Fairbanks

text: Summer

text: Arts

text: Festival

text: the

text: Anchorage

text: Folk

text: Festival

text: the

text: Athabascan

text: Old

text: Time

text: Fiddling

text: Festival

text: the

text: Sitka

text: Jazz

text: Festival

text: and

text: the

text: Sitka

text: Summer

text: Music

text: Festival

text: The

text: most

text: prominent

text: orchestra

text: in

text: Alaska

text: is

text: the

text: Anchorage

text: Symphony

text: Orchestra

text: though

text: the

text: Fairbanks

text: Symphony

text: Orchestra

text: and

text: Juneau

text: Symphony

text: are

text: also

text: notable

text: The

text: Anchorage

text: Opera

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: only

text: professional

text: opera

text: company

text: though

text: there

text: are

text: several

text: volunteer

text: and

text: semi

text: professional

text: organizations

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: as

text: well

question: What is Alaska's most prominent orchestra?

answer: Anchorage Symphony Orchestra

text: Anchorage Symphony Orchestra

question: Which company is Alaska's only professional opera?

answer: The Anchorage Opera

text: The Anchorage Opera

question: What are a few of Alaska's noteworthy music festivals?

answer: Alaska Folk Festival, the Fairbanks Summer Arts Festival, the Anchorage Folk Festival

text: Alaska Folk Festival, the Fairbanks Summer Arts Festival, the Anchorage Folk Festival


text: Although not specifically prepared to conduct independent strategic air operations against an opponent, the Luftwaffe was expected to do so over Britain. From July until September 1940 the Luftwaffe attacked RAF Fighter Command to gain air superiority as a prelude to invasion. This involved the bombing of English Channel convoys, ports, and RAF airfields and supporting industries. Destroying RAF Fighter Command would allow the Germans to gain control of the skies over the invasion area. It was supposed that Bomber Command, RAF Coastal Command and the Royal Navy could not operate under conditions of German air superiority.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: Although

text: not

text: specifically

text: prepared

text: to

text: conduct

text: independent

text: strategic

text: air

text: operations

text: against

text: an

text: opponent

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: was

text: expected

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: over

text: Britain

text: From

text: July

text: until

text: September

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: attacked

text: RAF

text: Fighter

text: Command

text: to

text: gain

text: air

text: superiority

text: as

text: a

text: prelude

text: to

text: invasion

text: This

text: involved

text: the

text: bombing

text: of

text: English

text: Channel

text: convoys

text: ports

text: and

text: RAF

text: airfields

text: and

text: supporting

text: industries

text: Destroying

text: RAF

text: Fighter

text: Command

text: would

text: allow

text: the

text: Germans

text: to

text: gain

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: skies

text: over

text: the

text: invasion

text: area

text: It

text: was

text: supposed

text: that

text: Bomber

text: Command

text: RAF

text: Coastal

text: Command

text: and

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: could

text: not

text: operate

text: under

text: conditions

text: of

text: German

text: air

text: superiority

question: Which tactics were the Luftwaffe excepted to use against Britain?

answer: air operations

text: air operations

question: Why did the Luftwaffe bomb the RAF Fighter Command?

answer: to gain air superiority

text: to gain air superiority

question: What was the name of the Channel the Luftwaffe bomb to try to gain air superiority?

answer: English

text: English

question: Which Navy was assumed not to be able to operate under German air superiority?

answer: Royal

text: Royal


text: In the Southern Netherlands (now Belgium and Luxembourg) developments were different. Under Spanish, then Austrian, and then French rule standardisation of Dutch language came to a standstill. The state, law, and increasingly education used French, yet more than half the Belgian population were speaking a Dutch dialect. In the course of the nineteenth century the Flemish movement stood up for the rights of Dutch, mostly called Flemish. But in competing with the French language the variation in dialects was a serious disadvantage. Since standardisation is a lengthy process, Dutch-speaking Belgium associated itself with the standard language that had already developed in the Netherlands over the centuries. Therefore, the situation in Belgium is essentially no different from that in the Netherlands, although there are recognisable differences in pronunciation, comparable to the pronunciation differences between standard British and standard American English. In 1980 the Netherlands and Belgium concluded the Language Union Treaty. This treaty lays down the principle that the two countries must gear their language policy to each other, among other things, for a common system of spelling.

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: In

text: the

text: Southern

text: Netherlands

text: now

text: Belgium

text: and

text: Luxembourg

text: developments

text: were

text: different

text: Under

text: Spanish

text: then

text: Austrian

text: and

text: then

text: French

text: rule

text: standardisation

text: of

text: Dutch

text: language

text: came

text: to

text: a

text: standstill

text: The

text: state

text: law

text: and

text: increasingly

text: education

text: used

text: French

text: yet

text: more

text: than

text: half

text: the

text: Belgian

text: population

text: were

text: speaking

text: a

text: Dutch

text: dialect

text: In

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: the

text: Flemish

text: movement

text: stood

text: up

text: for

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: Dutch

text: mostly

text: called

text: Flemish

text: But

text: in

text: competing

text: with

text: the

text: French

text: language

text: the

text: variation

text: in

text: dialects

text: was

text: a

text: serious

text: disadvantage

text: Since

text: standardisation

text: is

text: a

text: lengthy

text: process

text: Dutch

text: speaking

text: Belgium

text: associated

text: itself

text: with

text: the

text: standard

text: language

text: that

text: had

text: already

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: over

text: the

text: centuries

text: Therefore

text: the

text: situation

text: in

text: Belgium

text: is

text: essentially

text: no

text: different

text: from

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: although

text: there

text: are

text: recognisable

text: differences

text: in

text: pronunciation

text: comparable

text: to

text: the

text: pronunciation

text: differences

text: between

text: standard

text: British

text: and

text: standard

text: American

text: English

text: In

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: and

text: Belgium

text: concluded

text: the

text: Language

text: Union

text: Treaty

text: This

text: treaty

text: lays

text: down

text: the

text: principle

text: that

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: must

text: gear

text: their

text: language

text: policy

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: among

text: other

text: things

text: for

text: a

text: common

text: system

text: of

text: spelling

question: What was the old name for the geographical region that's now Belgium and Luxembourg?

answer: Southern Netherlands

text: Southern Netherlands

question: What people ruled the Southern Netherlands after the Austrians?

answer: French

text: French

question: What year did the Netherlands and Belgium agree on a treaty to accommodate each other's language?

answer: 1980

question: What was the name of the treaty that brought the dialects of Belgium and the Netherlands together?

answer: Language Union Treaty

text: Language Union Treaty

question: The commonality between Dutch spoken by people in the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking Belgium can be compared to the relationship between British English and what language?

answer: American English

text: American English


text: Left-wing politics have been particularly strong in municipal government since the 1960s. Voters approved charter amendments that have lessened the penalties for possession of marijuana (1974), and that aim to protect access to abortion in the city should it ever become illegal in the State of Michigan (1990). In 1974, Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race made her the country's first openly homosexual candidate to win public office. In 1975, Ann Arbor became the first U.S. city to use instant-runoff voting for a mayoral race. Adopted through a ballot initiative sponsored by the local Human Rights Party, which feared a splintering of the liberal vote, the process was repealed in 1976 after use in only one election. As of August 2009, Democrats hold the mayorship and all council seats. The left tilt of politics in the city has earned it the nickname "The People's Republic of Ann Arbor". Nationally, Ann Arbor is located in Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented by Democrat Debbie Dingell.

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

text: Left

text: wing

text: politics

text: have

text: been

text: particularly

text: strong

text: in

text: municipal

text: government

text: since

text: the

text: Voters

text: approved

text: charter

text: amendments

text: that

text: have

text: lessened

text: the

text: penalties

text: for

text: possession

text: of

text: marijuana

text: and

text: that

text: aim

text: to

text: protect

text: access

text: to

text: abortion

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: should

text: it

text: ever

text: become

text: illegal

text: in

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Michigan

text: In

text: Kathy

text: Kozachenko

text: 's

text: victory

text: in

text: an

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: city

text: council

text: race

text: made

text: her

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: first

text: openly

text: homosexual

text: candidate

text: to

text: win

text: public

text: office

text: In

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: U.S.

text: city

text: to

text: use

text: instant

text: runoff

text: voting

text: for

text: a

text: mayoral

text: race

text: Adopted

text: through

text: a

text: ballot

text: initiative

text: sponsored

text: by

text: the

text: local

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Party

text: which

text: feared

text: a

text: splintering

text: of

text: the

text: liberal

text: vote

text: the

text: process

text: was

text: repealed

text: in

text: after

text: use

text: in

text: only

text: one

text: election

text: As

text: of

text: August

text: Democrats

text: hold

text: the

text: mayorship

text: and

text: all

text: council

text: seats

text: The

text: left

text: tilt

text: of

text: politics

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: earned

text: it

text: the

text: nickname

text: The

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: Nationally

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Michigan

text: 's

text: congressional

text: district

text: represented

text: by

text: Democrat

text: Debbie

text: Dingell

question: Voters in the city approve which kind of amendment?

answer: charter

text: charter

question: What kind of politics have been strong in the municipal government?

answer: Left-wing politics

text: Left-wing politics

question: Ann Arbor became the 1st city in the US to what type of voting in the Mayoral race?

answer: instant-runoff

text: instant-runoff


text: Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe and later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls, professional wrestling grew into a standalone genre of entertainment with many diverse variations in cultures around the globe, and is now considered a multimillion-dollar entertainment industry. While it has greatly declined in Europe, in North America it has experienced several different periods of prominent cultural popularity during its century and a half of existence. The advent of television gave professional wrestling a new outlet, and wrestling (along with boxing) was instrumental in making pay-per-view a viable method of content delivery.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: Originating

text: as

text: a

text: popular

text: form

text: of

text: entertainment

text: in

text: century

text: Europe

text: and

text: later

text: as

text: a

text: sideshow

text: exhibition

text: in

text: North

text: American

text: traveling

text: carnivals

text: and

text: vaudeville

text: halls

text: professional

text: wrestling

text: grew

text: into

text: a

text: standalone

text: genre

text: of

text: entertainment

text: with

text: many

text: diverse

text: variations

text: in

text: cultures

text: around

text: the

text: globe

text: and

text: is

text: now

text: considered

text: a

text: multimillion

text: dollar

text: entertainment

text: industry

text: While

text: it

text: has

text: greatly

text: declined

text: in

text: Europe

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: it

text: has

text: experienced

text: several

text: different

text: periods

text: of

text: prominent

text: cultural

text: popularity

text: during

text: its

text: century

text: and

text: a

text: half

text: of

text: existence

text: The

text: advent

text: of

text: television

text: gave

text: professional

text: wrestling

text: a

text: new

text: outlet

text: and

text: wrestling

text: along

text: with

text: boxing

text: was

text: instrumental

text: in

text: making

text: pay

text: per

text: view

text: a

text: viable

text: method

text: of

text: content

text: delivery

question: What part of the world has wrestling become less popular in?

answer: it has greatly declined in Europe

text: it has greatly declined in Europe

question: Where did wrestling originally come from?

answer: Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe

text: Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe

question: Where was wrestling later showcased in North America?

answer: later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls

text: later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls

question: What is wrestling now thought to be?

answer: is now considered a multimillion-dollar entertainment industry

text: is now considered a multimillion-dollar entertainment industry

question: What did television do for wrestling?

answer: The advent of television gave professional wrestling a new outlet

text: The advent of television gave professional wrestling a new outlet


text: Following the success of season one, the second season was moved up to air in January 2003. The number of episodes increased, as did the show's budget and the charge for commercial spots. Dunkleman left the show, leaving Seacrest as the lone host. Kristin Adams was a correspondent for this season.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Following

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: season

text: one

text: the

text: second

text: season

text: was

text: moved

text: up

text: to

text: air

text: in

text: January

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: episodes

text: increased

text: as

text: did

text: the

text: show

text: 's

text: budget

text: and

text: the

text: charge

text: for

text: commercial

text: spots

text: Dunkleman

text: left

text: the

text: show

text: leaving

text: Seacrest

text: as

text: the

text: lone

text: host

text: Kristin

text: Adams

text: was

text: a

text: correspondent

text: for

text: this

text: season

question: What year did season two of American Idol first air?

answer: 2003

question: Who was a correspondent on season two of American Idol?

answer: Kristin Adams

text: Kristin Adams

question: When did season two air?

answer: January 2003

text: January 2003

question: Who was a correspondent for season two?

answer: Kristin Adams

text: Kristin Adams


text: Historians Luciano Petech and Sato Hisashi argue that the Ming upheld a "divide-and-rule" policy towards a weak and politically fragmented Tibet after the Sakya regime had fallen. Chan writes that this was perhaps the calculated strategy of the Yongle Emperor, as exclusive patronage to one Tibetan sect would have given it too much regional power. Sperling finds no textual evidence in either Chinese or Tibetan sources to support this thesis of Petech and Hisashi. Norbu asserts that their thesis is largely based on the list of Ming titles conferred on Tibetan lamas rather than "comparative analysis of developments in China and Tibet." Rossabi states that this theory "attributes too much influence to the Chinese," pointing out that Tibet was already politically divided when the Ming dynasty began. Rossabi also discounts the "divide-and-rule" theory on the grounds of the Yongle Emperor's failed attempt to build a strong relationship with the fifth Karmapa—one which he hoped would parallel Kublai Khan's earlier relationship with the Sakya Phagpa lama. Instead, the Yongle Emperor followed the Karmapa's advice of giving patronage to many different Tibetan lamas.

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: Historians

text: Luciano

text: Petech

text: and

text: Sato

text: Hisashi

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: Ming

text: upheld

text: a

text: divide

text: and

text: rule

text: policy

text: towards

text: a

text: weak

text: and

text: politically

text: fragmented

text: Tibet

text: after

text: the

text: Sakya

text: regime

text: had

text: fallen

text: Chan

text: writes

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: perhaps

text: the

text: calculated

text: strategy

text: of

text: the

text: Yongle

text: Emperor

text: as

text: exclusive

text: patronage

text: to

text: one

text: Tibetan

text: sect

text: would

text: have

text: given

text: it

text: too

text: much

text: regional

text: power

text: Sperling

text: finds

text: no

text: textual

text: evidence

text: in

text: either

text: Chinese

text: or

text: Tibetan

text: sources

text: to

text: support

text: this

text: thesis

text: of

text: Petech

text: and

text: Hisashi

text: Norbu

text: asserts

text: that

text: their

text: thesis

text: is

text: largely

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: list

text: of

text: Ming

text: titles

text: conferred

text: on

text: Tibetan

text: lamas

text: rather

text: than

text: comparative

text: analysis

text: of

text: developments

text: in

text: China

text: and

text: Tibet

text: Rossabi

text: states

text: that

text: this

text: theory

text: attributes

text: too

text: much

text: influence

text: to

text: the

text: Chinese

text: pointing

text: out

text: that

text: Tibet

text: was

text: already

text: politically

text: divided

text: when

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: began

text: Rossabi

text: also

text: discounts

text: the

text: divide

text: and

text: rule

text: theory

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: of

text: the

text: Yongle

text: Emperor

text: 's

text: failed

text: attempt

text: to

text: build

text: a

text: strong

text: relationship

text: with

text: the

text: fifth

text: Karmapa

text: one

text: which

text: he

text: hoped

text: would

text: parallel

text: Kublai

text: Khan

text: 's

text: earlier

text: relationship

text: with

text: the

text: Sakya

text: Phagpa

text: lama

text: Instead

text: the

text: Yongle

text: Emperor

text: followed

text: the

text: Karmapa

text: 's

text: advice

text: of

text: giving

text: patronage

text: to

text: many

text: different

text: Tibetan

text: lamas

question: What policy does Luciano Petech and Sato Hisashi claim the Ming held towards the Tibet?

answer: divide-and-rule

text: divide-and-rule

question: When did the Ming hold the divide and rule policy?

answer: after the Sakya regime had fallen

text: after the Sakya regime had fallen

question: Who did Yongle Emperor fail to build a solid relationship with?

answer: fifth Karmapa

text: fifth Karmapa

question: Who did the Yongle Emperor give patronage to?

answer: many different Tibetan lamas

text: many different Tibetan lamas


text: When the Majority Leader's party loses control of the House, and if the Speaker and Majority Leader both remain in the leadership hierarchy, convention suggests that they would become the Minority Leader and Minority Whip, respectively. As the minority party has one less leadership position after losing the speaker's chair, there may be a contest for the remaining leadership positions. Nancy Pelosi is the most recent example of an outgoing Speaker seeking the Minority Leader post to retain the House party leadership, as the Democrats lost control of the House in the 2010 elections. Outgoing Speaker Nancy Pelosi ran successfully for Minority Leader in the 112th Congress.

title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives

text: When

text: the

text: Majority

text: Leader

text: 's

text: party

text: loses

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: and

text: if

text: the

text: Speaker

text: and

text: Majority

text: Leader

text: both

text: remain

text: in

text: the

text: leadership

text: hierarchy

text: convention

text: suggests

text: that

text: they

text: would

text: become

text: the

text: Minority

text: Leader

text: and

text: Minority

text: Whip

text: respectively

text: As

text: the

text: minority

text: party

text: has

text: one

text: less

text: leadership

text: position

text: after

text: losing

text: the

text: speaker

text: 's

text: chair

text: there

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: contest

text: for

text: the

text: remaining

text: leadership

text: positions

text: Nancy

text: Pelosi

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: recent

text: example

text: of

text: an

text: outgoing

text: Speaker

text: seeking

text: the

text: Minority

text: Leader

text: post

text: to

text: retain

text: the

text: House

text: party

text: leadership

text: as

text: the

text: Democrats

text: lost

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: in

text: the

text: elections

text: Outgoing

text: Speaker

text: Nancy

text: Pelosi

text: ran

text: successfully

text: for

text: Minority

text: Leader

text: in

text: the

text: Congress

question: Does the minority or majority party have more leadership positions in House?

answer: minority party has one less leadership position

text: minority party has one less leadership position

question: What role did Pelosi win in 112th Congress?

answer: Minority Leader

text: Minority Leader

question: What party lost control of House in 2010 elections?

answer: Democrats

text: Democrats


text: There are other language groupings in Southern Europe. Albanian is spoken in Albania, Kosovo, Macedoonia, and parts of Greece. Maltese is a Semitic language that is the official language of Malta. The Basque language is spoken in the Basque Country, a region in northern Spain and southwestern France.

title: Southern_Europe

title: Southern_Europe

text: There

text: are

text: other

text: language

text: groupings

text: in

text: Southern

text: Europe

text: Albanian

text: is

text: spoken

text: in

text: Albania

text: Kosovo

text: Macedoonia

text: and

text: parts

text: of

text: Greece

text: Maltese

text: is

text: a

text: Semitic

text: language

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: Malta

text: The

text: Basque

text: language

text: is

text: spoken

text: in

text: the

text: Basque

text: Country

text: a

text: region

text: in

text: northern

text: Spain

text: and

text: southwestern

text: France

question: What language can be found used in Kosovo and Albania?

answer: Albanian

text: Albanian

question: What type of language is Maltese?

answer: Semitic

text: Semitic

question: Where is Basque Country located?

answer: northern Spain and southwestern France

text: northern Spain and southwestern France


text: In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States. Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white or "other." Only the heads of households were identified by name in the federal census until 1850. Native Americans were included among "Other;" in later censuses, they were included as "Free people of color" if they were not living on Indian reservations. Slaves were counted separately from free persons in all the censuses until the Civil War and end of slavery. In later censuses, people of African descent were classified by appearance as mulatto (which recognized visible European ancestry in addition to African) or black.

title: Multiracial_American

title: Multiracial_American

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: federal

text: population

text: census

text: was

text: taken

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Enumerators

text: were

text: instructed

text: to

text: classify

text: free

text: residents

text: as

text: white

text: or

text: other

text: Only

text: the

text: heads

text: of

text: households

text: were

text: identified

text: by

text: name

text: in

text: the

text: federal

text: census

text: until

text: Native

text: Americans

text: were

text: included

text: among

text: Other

text: in

text: later

text: censuses

text: they

text: were

text: included

text: as

text: Free

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: if

text: they

text: were

text: not

text: living

text: on

text: Indian

text: reservations

text: Slaves

text: were

text: counted

text: separately

text: from

text: free

text: persons

text: in

text: all

text: the

text: censuses

text: until

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: and

text: end

text: of

text: slavery

text: In

text: later

text: censuses

text: people

text: of

text: African

text: descent

text: were

text: classified

text: by

text: appearance

text: as

text: mulatto

text: which

text: recognized

text: visible

text: European

text: ancestry

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: African

text: or

text: black

question: When was the first federal population census taken in the US?

answer: 1790

question: What were the two categories for race in the census?

answer: white or "other."

text: white or "other."

question: Who all was identified by name in the house holds?

answer: Only the heads of households

text: Only the heads of households

question: What were Indians categorized as after they were included as others?

answer: "Free people of color"

text: "Free people of color"

question: When was the first US federal population census taken?

answer: In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States

text: In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States

question: How were enumerators instructed to classify residents?

answer: . Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white or "other."

text: . Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white or "other."

question: Was every resident listed by name?

answer: Only the heads of households were identified by name in the federal census until 1850.

text: Only the heads of households were identified by name in the federal census until 1850.

question: when did any changes to counting procedures  happen?

answer: until the Civil War and end of slavery.

text: until the Civil War and end of slavery.

question: Were all residents counted together or separately?

answer: Slaves were counted separately from free persons

text: Slaves were counted separately from free persons

question: When did the US begin to take census?

answer: 1790

question: At what point were all members of the household named on a census?

answer: 1850

question: What does mulatto mean?

answer: visible European ancestry in addition to African

text: visible European ancestry in addition to African

question: Who were considered "free people of color"?

answer: Native Americans

text: Native Americans

question: Where would a Native American live to not be counted in the census?

answer: Indian reservations

text: Indian reservations


text: An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team.

title: Exhibition_game

title: Exhibition_game

text: An

text: exhibition

text: game

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: friendly

text: a

text: scrimmage

text: a

text: demonstration

text: a

text: preseason

text: game

text: a

text: warmup

text: match

text: or

text: a

text: preparation

text: match

text: depending

text: at

text: least

text: in

text: part

text: on

text: the

text: sport

text: is

text: a

text: sporting

text: event

text: whose

text: prize

text: money

text: and

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: player

text: 's

text: or

text: the

text: team

text: 's

text: rankings

text: is

text: either

text: zero

text: or

text: otherwise

text: greatly

text: reduced

text: In

text: team

text: sports

text: matches

text: of

text: this

text: type

text: are

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: help

text: coaches

text: and

text: managers

text: select

text: players

text: for

text: the

text: competitive

text: matches

text: of

text: a

text: league

text: season

text: or

text: tournament

text: If

text: the

text: players

text: usually

text: play

text: in

text: different

text: teams

text: in

text: other

text: leagues

text: exhibition

text: games

text: offer

text: an

text: opportunity

text: for

text: the

text: players

text: to

text: learn

text: to

text: work

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: The

text: games

text: can

text: be

text: held

text: between

text: separate

text: teams

text: or

text: between

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: team

question: What is 'a friendly' another term for?

answer: exhibition game

text: exhibition game

question: What is 'a scrimmage' another term for?

answer: exhibition game

text: exhibition game

question: What is 'a demonstration' another term for?

answer: exhibition game

text: exhibition game

question: What is 'a preseason game' another term for?

answer: exhibition game

text: exhibition game

question: What is 'a warmup match' another term for?

answer: exhibition game

text: exhibition game


text: In Darwin's time there was no agreed-upon model of heredity; in Chapter I Darwin admitted, "The laws governing inheritance are quite unknown." He accepted a version of the inheritance of acquired characteristics (which after Darwin's death came to be called Lamarckism), and Chapter V discusses what he called the effects of use and disuse; he wrote that he thought "there can be little doubt that use in our domestic animals strengthens and enlarges certain parts, and disuse diminishes them; and that such modifications are inherited", and that this also applied in nature. Darwin stated that some changes that were commonly attributed to use and disuse, such as the loss of functional wings in some island dwelling insects, might be produced by natural selection. In later editions of Origin, Darwin expanded the role attributed to the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Darwin also admitted ignorance of the source of inheritable variations, but speculated they might be produced by environmental factors. However, one thing was clear: whatever the exact nature and causes of new variations, Darwin knew from observation and experiment that breeders were able to select such variations and produce huge differences in many generations of selection. The observation that selection works in domestic animals is not destroyed by lack of understanding of the underlying hereditary mechanism.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: In

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: time

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: agreed

text: upon

text: model

text: of

text: heredity

text: in

text: Chapter

text: I

text: Darwin

text: admitted

text: The

text: laws

text: governing

text: inheritance

text: are

text: quite

text: unknown

text: He

text: accepted

text: a

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: inheritance

text: of

text: acquired

text: characteristics

text: which

text: after

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: death

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: called

text: Lamarckism

text: and

text: Chapter

text: V

text: discusses

text: what

text: he

text: called

text: the

text: effects

text: of

text: use

text: and

text: disuse

text: he

text: wrote

text: that

text: he

text: thought

text: there

text: can

text: be

text: little

text: doubt

text: that

text: use

text: in

text: our

text: domestic

text: animals

text: strengthens

text: and

text: enlarges

text: certain

text: parts

text: and

text: disuse

text: diminishes

text: them

text: and

text: that

text: such

text: modifications

text: are

text: inherited

text: and

text: that

text: this

text: also

text: applied

text: in

text: nature

text: Darwin

text: stated

text: that

text: some

text: changes

text: that

text: were

text: commonly

text: attributed

text: to

text: use

text: and

text: disuse

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: functional

text: wings

text: in

text: some

text: island

text: dwelling

text: insects

text: might

text: be

text: produced

text: by

text: natural

text: selection

text: In

text: later

text: editions

text: of

text: Origin

text: Darwin

text: expanded

text: the

text: role

text: attributed

text: to

text: the

text: inheritance

text: of

text: acquired

text: characteristics

text: Darwin

text: also

text: admitted

text: ignorance

text: of

text: the

text: source

text: of

text: inheritable

text: variations

text: but

text: speculated

text: they

text: might

text: be

text: produced

text: by

text: environmental

text: factors

text: However

text: one

text: thing

text: was

text: clear

text: whatever

text: the

text: exact

text: nature

text: and

text: causes

text: of

text: new

text: variations

text: Darwin

text: knew

text: from

text: observation

text: and

text: experiment

text: that

text: breeders

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: select

text: such

text: variations

text: and

text: produce

text: huge

text: differences

text: in

text: many

text: generations

text: of

text: selection

text: The

text: observation

text: that

text: selection

text: works

text: in

text: domestic

text: animals

text: is

text: not

text: destroyed

text: by

text: lack

text: of

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: underlying

text: hereditary

text: mechanism

question: What is the theory that is based on acquired characteristics within a species?

answer: Lamarckism

text: Lamarckism

question: What did Darwin learn about about the characteristics of domestic animals?

answer: use in our domestic animals strengthens and enlarges certain parts, and disuse diminishes them

text: use in our domestic animals strengthens and enlarges certain parts, and disuse diminishes them

question: What did Darwin speculate might be how inheritable variations might come about in a species?

answer: environmental factors

text: environmental factors

question: What did Darwin admit about acquired characteristics in chapter one of On the Origin of Species?

answer: "The laws governing inheritance are quite unknown."

text: "The laws governing inheritance are quite unknown."

question: What did Darwin learn about variations by observing breeders?

answer: breeders were able to select such variations and produce huge differences in many generations of selection

text: breeders were able to select such variations and produce huge differences in many generations of selection


text: The late nineteenth century also brought the systematic study of color theory, and particularly the study of how complementary colors such as red and green reinforced each other when they were placed next to each other. These studies were avidly followed by artists such as Vincent van Gogh. Describing his painting, The Night Cafe, to his brother Theo in 1888, Van Gogh wrote: "I sought to express with red and green the terrible human passions. The hall is blood red and pale yellow, with a green billiard table in the center, and four lamps of lemon yellow, with rays of orange and green. Everywhere it is a battle and antithesis of the most different reds and greens."

title: Green

title: Green

text: The

text: late

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: also

text: brought

text: the

text: systematic

text: study

text: of

text: color

text: theory

text: and

text: particularly

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: how

text: complementary

text: colors

text: such

text: as

text: red

text: and

text: green

text: reinforced

text: each

text: other

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: placed

text: next

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: These

text: studies

text: were

text: avidly

text: followed

text: by

text: artists

text: such

text: as

text: Vincent

text: van

text: Gogh

text: Describing

text: his

text: painting

text: The

text: Night

text: Cafe

text: to

text: his

text: brother

text: Theo

text: in

text: Van

text: Gogh

text: wrote

text: I

text: sought

text: to

text: express

text: with

text: red

text: and

text: green

text: the

text: terrible

text: human

text: passions

text: The

text: hall

text: is

text: blood

text: red

text: and

text: pale

text: yellow

text: with

text: a

text: green

text: billiard

text: table

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: and

text: four

text: lamps

text: of

text: lemon

text: yellow

text: with

text: rays

text: of

text: orange

text: and

text: green

text: Everywhere

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: battle

text: and

text: antithesis

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: different

text: reds

text: and

text: greens

question: When did the systematic study of color theory begin?

answer: late nineteenth century

text: late nineteenth century

question: Who painted The Night Cafe?

answer: Vincent van Gogh

text: Vincent van Gogh

question: What type of colors are red and green?

answer: complementary

text: complementary


text: In the closely contested 2000 election, the state played a pivotal role. Out of more than 5.8 million votes for the two main contenders Bush and Al Gore, around 500 votes separated the two candidates for the all-decisive Florida electoral votes that landed Bush the election win. Florida's felony disenfranchisement law is more severe than most European nations or other American states. A 2002 study in the American Sociological Review concluded that "if the state’s 827,000 disenfranchised felons had voted at the same rate as other Floridians, Democratic candidate Al Gore would have won Florida—and the presidency—by more than 80,000 votes."

title: Florida

title: Florida

text: In

text: the

text: closely

text: contested

text: election

text: the

text: state

text: played

text: a

text: pivotal

text: role

text: Out

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: votes

text: for

text: the

text: two

text: main

text: contenders

text: Bush

text: and

text: Al

text: Gore

text: around

text: votes

text: separated

text: the

text: two

text: candidates

text: for

text: the

text: all

text: decisive

text: Florida

text: electoral

text: votes

text: that

text: landed

text: Bush

text: the

text: election

text: win

text: Florida

text: 's

text: felony

text: disenfranchisement

text: law

text: is

text: more

text: severe

text: than

text: most

text: European

text: nations

text: or

text: other

text: American

text: states

text: A

text: study

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: Sociological

text: Review

text: concluded

text: that

text: if

text: the

text: state

text: ’s

text: disenfranchised

text: felons

text: had

text: voted

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: rate

text: as

text: other

text: Floridians

text: Democratic

text: candidate

text: Al

text: Gore

text: would

text: have

text: won

text: Florida

text: and

text: the

text: presidency

text: by

text: more

text: than

text: votes

question: What hapend in the 2000 election

answer: Out of more than 5.8 million votes for the two main contenders Bush and Al Gore, around 500 votes separated the two candidates

text: Out of more than 5.8 million votes for the two main contenders Bush and Al Gore, around 500 votes separated the two candidates

question: How severe is Florida's Disenfranchisement law

answer: Florida's felony disenfranchisement law is more severe than most European nations or other American states

text: Florida's felony disenfranchisement law is more severe than most European nations or other American states

question: What did this mean in the 2000 election

answer: if the state’s 827,000 disenfranchised felons had voted at the same rate as other Floridians, Democratic candidate Al Gore would have won Florida

text: if the state’s 827,000 disenfranchised felons had voted at the same rate as other Floridians, Democratic candidate Al Gore would have won Florida


text: Most laboratory techniques for growing bacteria use high levels of nutrients to produce large amounts of cells cheaply and quickly. However, in natural environments, nutrients are limited, meaning that bacteria cannot continue to reproduce indefinitely. This nutrient limitation has led the evolution of different growth strategies (see r/K selection theory). Some organisms can grow extremely rapidly when nutrients become available, such as the formation of algal (and cyanobacterial) blooms that often occur in lakes during the summer. Other organisms have adaptations to harsh environments, such as the production of multiple antibiotics by Streptomyces that inhibit the growth of competing microorganisms. In nature, many organisms live in communities (e.g., biofilms) that may allow for increased supply of nutrients and protection from environmental stresses. These relationships can be essential for growth of a particular organism or group of organisms (syntrophy).

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: Most

text: laboratory

text: techniques

text: for

text: growing

text: bacteria

text: use

text: high

text: levels

text: of

text: nutrients

text: to

text: produce

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: cells

text: cheaply

text: and

text: quickly

text: However

text: in

text: natural

text: environments

text: nutrients

text: are

text: limited

text: meaning

text: that

text: bacteria

text: can

text: not

text: continue

text: to

text: reproduce

text: indefinitely

text: This

text: nutrient

text: limitation

text: has

text: led

text: the

text: evolution

text: of

text: different

text: growth

text: strategies

text: see

text: r

text: K

text: selection

text: theory

text: Some

text: organisms

text: can

text: grow

text: extremely

text: rapidly

text: when

text: nutrients

text: become

text: available

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: algal

text: and

text: cyanobacterial

text: blooms

text: that

text: often

text: occur

text: in

text: lakes

text: during

text: the

text: summer

text: Other

text: organisms

text: have

text: adaptations

text: to

text: harsh

text: environments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: multiple

text: antibiotics

text: by

text: Streptomyces

text: that

text: inhibit

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: competing

text: microorganisms

text: In

text: nature

text: many

text: organisms

text: live

text: in

text: communities

text: e.g.

text: biofilms

text: that

text: may

text: allow

text: for

text: increased

text: supply

text: of

text: nutrients

text: and

text: protection

text: from

text: environmental

text: stresses

text: These

text: relationships

text: can

text: be

text: essential

text: for

text: growth

text: of

text: a

text: particular

text: organism

text: or

text: group

text: of

text: organisms

text: syntrophy

question: What is the simple way of producing large volume of bacteria cells?

answer: high levels of nutrients

text: high levels of nutrients

question: What caused the evolution of different growth strategies in bacteria?

answer: nutrients are limited

text: nutrients are limited

question: What can create a subsequent increase of nutrients in natural environment?

answer: biofilms

text: biofilms

question: What do algal bacteria if nutrients are available?

answer: grow extremely rapidly

text: grow extremely rapidly


text: Downtown area is home to historic neighborhoods and buildings such as the Sir Walter Raleigh Hotel built in the early 20th century, the restored City Market, the Fayetteville Street downtown business district, which includes the PNC Plaza and Wells Fargo Capitol Center buildings, as well as the North Carolina Museum of History, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina State Capitol, Peace College, the Raleigh City Museum, Raleigh Convention Center, Shaw University, and St. Augustine's College. The neighborhoods in Old Raleigh include Cameron Park, Boylan Heights, Country Club Hills, Coley Forest, Five Points, Budleigh, Glenwood-Brooklyn, Hayes Barton Historic District, Moore Square, Mordecai, Rosengarten Park, Belvidere Park, Woodcrest, and Historic Oakwood. In the 2000s, an effort by the Downtown Raleigh Alliance was made to separate this area of the city into five smaller districts: Fayetteville Street, Moore Square, Glenwood South, Warehouse (Raleigh), and Capital District (Raleigh). Some of the names have become common place among locals such as the Warehouse, Fayetteville Street, and Glenwood South Districts.

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

text: Downtown

text: area

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: historic

text: neighborhoods

text: and

text: buildings

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Sir

text: Walter

text: Raleigh

text: Hotel

text: built

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: the

text: restored

text: City

text: Market

text: the

text: Fayetteville

text: Street

text: downtown

text: business

text: district

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: PNC

text: Plaza

text: and

text: Wells

text: Fargo

text: Capitol

text: Center

text: buildings

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Museum

text: of

text: History

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Museum

text: of

text: Natural

text: Sciences

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: Capitol

text: Peace

text: College

text: the

text: Raleigh

text: City

text: Museum

text: Raleigh

text: Convention

text: Center

text: Shaw

text: University

text: and

text: St.

text: Augustine

text: 's

text: College

text: The

text: neighborhoods

text: in

text: Old

text: Raleigh

text: include

text: Cameron

text: Park

text: Boylan

text: Heights

text: Country

text: Club

text: Hills

text: Coley

text: Forest

text: Five

text: Points

text: Budleigh

text: Glenwood

text: Brooklyn

text: Hayes

text: Barton

text: Historic

text: District

text: Moore

text: Square

text: Mordecai

text: Rosengarten

text: Park

text: Belvidere

text: Park

text: Woodcrest

text: and

text: Historic

text: Oakwood

text: In

text: the

text: an

text: effort

text: by

text: the

text: Downtown

text: Raleigh

text: Alliance

text: was

text: made

text: to

text: separate

text: this

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: into

text: five

text: smaller

text: districts

text: Fayetteville

text: Street

text: Moore

text: Square

text: Glenwood

text: South

text: Warehouse

text: Raleigh

text: and

text: Capital

text: District

text: Raleigh

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: names

text: have

text: become

text: common

text: place

text: among

text: locals

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Warehouse

text: Fayetteville

text: Street

text: and

text: Glenwood

text: South

text: Districts

question: What historic hotel is downtown?

answer: Fayetteville Street downtown business district,

text: Fayetteville Street downtown business district,

question: What is in the Fayetteville business district?

answer: PNC Plaza and Wells Fargo Capitol Center

text: PNC Plaza and Wells Fargo Capitol Center

question: What are some neighborhoods in Raleigh?

answer: Cameron Park, Boylan Heights, Country Club Hills,

text: Cameron Park, Boylan Heights, Country Club Hills,

question: Who separated the neighborhoods in the early 2000's?

answer: Downtown Raleigh Alliance

text: Downtown Raleigh Alliance

question: What are some common names in the area?

answer: Warehouse, Fayetteville Street

text: Warehouse, Fayetteville Street


text: The Greco-Egyptian scientist Claudius Ptolemy referred to the larger island as great Britain (μεγάλης Βρεττανίας - megális Brettanias) and to Ireland as little Britain (μικρής Βρεττανίας - mikris Brettanias) in his work Almagest (147–148 AD). In his later work, Geography (c. 150 AD), he gave these islands the names Alwion, Iwernia, and Mona (the Isle of Man), suggesting these may have been names of the individual islands not known to him at the time of writing Almagest. The name Albion appears to have fallen out of use sometime after the Roman conquest of Great Britain, after which Britain became the more commonplace name for the island called Great Britain.

title: British_Isles

title: British_Isles

text: The

text: Greco

text: Egyptian

text: scientist

text: Claudius

text: Ptolemy

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: larger

text: island

text: as

text: great

text: Britain

text: μεγάλης

text: Βρεττανίας

text: megális

text: Brettanias

text: and

text: to

text: Ireland

text: as

text: little

text: Britain

text: μικρής

text: Βρεττανίας

text: mikris

text: Brettanias

text: in

text: his

text: work

text: Almagest

text: AD

text: In

text: his

text: later

text: work

text: Geography

text: c.

text: AD

text: he

text: gave

text: these

text: islands

text: the

text: names

text: Alwion

text: Iwernia

text: and

text: Mona

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: suggesting

text: these

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: names

text: of

text: the

text: individual

text: islands

text: not

text: known

text: to

text: him

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: writing

text: Almagest

text: The

text: name

text: Albion

text: appears

text: to

text: have

text: fallen

text: out

text: of

text: use

text: sometime

text: after

text: the

text: Roman

text: conquest

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: after

text: which

text: Britain

text: became

text: the

text: more

text: commonplace

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: island

text: called

text: Great

text: Britain

question: What did name did Claudius Ptolemy (Greco-Egyptian scientist) use for Ireland?

answer: little Britain (μικρής Βρεττανίας - mikris Brettanias)

text: little Britain (μικρής Βρεττανίας - mikris Brettanias)

question: In later writings, what did Claudius Ptolemy called the British Isles?

answer: Alwion, Iwernia, and Mona

text: Alwion, Iwernia, and Mona

question: After the Romans conqured the British Isles what became the more common name for the country?

answer: Great Britain

text: Great Britain


text: During a November 26, 2013 radio interview, West explained why he believed that President Obama had problems pushing policies in Washington: "Man, let me tell you something about George Bush and oil money and Obama and no money. People want to say Obama can't make these moves or he's not executing. That's because he ain't got those connections. Black people don't have the same level of connections as Jewish people...We ain't Jewish. We don't got family that got money like that." In response to his comments, the Anti-Defamation League stated: "There it goes again, the age-old canard that Jews are all-powerful and control the levers of power in government." On December 21, 2013, West backed off of the original comment and told a Chicago radio station that "I thought I was giving a compliment, but if anything it came off more ignorant. I don’t know how being told you have money is an insult."

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: During

text: a

text: November

text: radio

text: interview

text: West

text: explained

text: why

text: he

text: believed

text: that

text: President

text: Obama

text: had

text: problems

text: pushing

text: policies

text: in

text: Washington

text: Man

text: let

text: me

text: tell

text: you

text: something

text: about

text: George

text: Bush

text: and

text: oil

text: money

text: and

text: Obama

text: and

text: no

text: money

text: People

text: want

text: to

text: say

text: Obama

text: ca

text: n't

text: make

text: these

text: moves

text: or

text: he

text: 's

text: not

text: executing

text: That

text: 's

text: because

text: he

text: ai

text: n't

text: got

text: those

text: connections

text: Black

text: people

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: level

text: of

text: connections

text: as

text: Jewish

text: people

text: We

text: ai

text: n't

text: Jewish

text: We

text: do

text: n't

text: got

text: family

text: that

text: got

text: money

text: like

text: that

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: his

text: comments

text: the

text: Anti

text: Defamation

text: League

text: stated

text: There

text: it

text: goes

text: again

text: the

text: age

text: old

text: canard

text: that

text: Jews

text: are

text: all

text: powerful

text: and

text: control

text: the

text: levers

text: of

text: power

text: in

text: government

text: On

text: December

text: West

text: backed

text: off

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: comment

text: and

text: told

text: a

text: Chicago

text: radio

text: station

text: that

text: I

text: thought

text: I

text: was

text: giving

text: a

text: compliment

text: but

text: if

text: anything

text: it

text: came

text: off

text: more

text: ignorant

text: I

text: do

text: n’t

text: know

text: how

text: being

text: told

text: you

text: have

text: money

text: is

text: an

text: insult

question: What president did Kanye comment on as having trouble pushing policies while in office?

answer: Obama

text: Obama

question: What type of people did Kanye state had more power than Black people?

answer: Jewish people

text: Jewish people

question: On what day did Kanye do an interview about President Obama pushing policies in Washington?

answer: November 26, 2013

text: November 26, 2013

question: On what day did Kanye take back his original comment about Jews?

answer: December 21, 2013

text: December 21, 2013


text: Beginning in 1689, the colonies became involved in a series of wars between Great Britain and France for control of North America, the most important of which were Queen Anne's War, in which the British conquered French colony Acadia, and the final French and Indian War (1754–63) when Britain was victorious over all the French colonies in North America. This final war was to give thousands of colonists, including Virginia colonel George Washington, military experience which they put to use during the American Revolutionary War.

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

text: Beginning

text: in

text: the

text: colonies

text: became

text: involved

text: in

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: wars

text: between

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: for

text: control

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: Queen

text: Anne

text: 's

text: War

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: British

text: conquered

text: French

text: colony

text: Acadia

text: and

text: the

text: final

text: French

text: and

text: Indian

text: War

text: when

text: Britain

text: was

text: victorious

text: over

text: all

text: the

text: French

text: colonies

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: This

text: final

text: war

text: was

text: to

text: give

text: thousands

text: of

text: colonists

text: including

text: Virginia

text: colonel

text: George

text: Washington

text: military

text: experience

text: which

text: they

text: put

text: to

text: use

text: during

text: the

text: American

text: Revolutionary

text: War

question: When did wars between Britain and France in North America start?

answer: 1689

question: What was the most important North American conflict between France and Britain called?

answer: Queen Anne's War

text: Queen Anne's War

question: What French colony did Great Britain conquer in Queen Anne's War?

answer: Acadia

text: Acadia

question: When was the final French and Indian War fought?

answer: 1754–63

question: What future American founding father fought in the French and Indian War?

answer: George Washington

text: George Washington


text: The first elevator shaft preceded the first elevator by four years. Construction for Peter Cooper's Cooper Union Foundation building in New York began in 1853. An elevator shaft was included in the design, because Cooper was confident that a safe passenger elevator would soon be invented. The shaft was cylindrical because Cooper thought it was the most efficient design. Later, Otis designed a special elevator for the building. Today the Otis Elevator Company, now a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, is the world's largest manufacturer of vertical transport systems.

title: Elevator

title: Elevator

text: The

text: first

text: elevator

text: shaft

text: preceded

text: the

text: first

text: elevator

text: by

text: four

text: years

text: Construction

text: for

text: Peter

text: Cooper

text: 's

text: Cooper

text: Union

text: Foundation

text: building

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: began

text: in

text: An

text: elevator

text: shaft

text: was

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: design

text: because

text: Cooper

text: was

text: confident

text: that

text: a

text: safe

text: passenger

text: elevator

text: would

text: soon

text: be

text: invented

text: The

text: shaft

text: was

text: cylindrical

text: because

text: Cooper

text: thought

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: efficient

text: design

text: Later

text: Otis

text: designed

text: a

text: special

text: elevator

text: for

text: the

text: building

text: Today

text: the

text: Otis

text: Elevator

text: Company

text: now

text: a

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: United

text: Technologies

text: Corporation

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: manufacturer

text: of

text: vertical

text: transport

text: systems

question: Which was built first, the first elevator shaft or the first elevator?

answer: first elevator shaft

text: first elevator shaft

question: What year did constructrion begin for the Cooper Union Foundation?

answer: 1853

question: What design did Peter Cooper feel was the most efficient?

answer: cylindrical

text: cylindrical

question: The Otis Elevator Company is today a subsidiary of what major corporation?

answer: United Technologies Corporation

text: United Technologies Corporation

question: What title does United Technologies Corporation hold?

answer: world's largest manufacturer of vertical transport systems

text: world's largest manufacturer of vertical transport systems


text: In Ancient Rome, Tyrian purple was the color of the Emperor, but red had an important religious symbolism. Romans wore togas with red stripes on holidays, and the bride at a wedding wore a red shawl, called a flammeum. Red was used to color statues and the skin of gladiators. Red was also the color associated with army; Roman soldiers wore red tunics, and officers wore a cloak called a paludamentum which, depending upon the quality of the dye, could be crimson, scarlet or purple. In Roman mythology red is associated with the god of war, Mars. The vexilloid of the Roman Empire had a red background with the letters SPQR in gold. A Roman general receiving a triumph had his entire body painted red in honor of his achievement.

title: Red

title: Red

text: In

text: Ancient

text: Rome

text: Tyrian

text: purple

text: was

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: Emperor

text: but

text: red

text: had

text: an

text: important

text: religious

text: symbolism

text: Romans

text: wore

text: togas

text: with

text: red

text: stripes

text: on

text: holidays

text: and

text: the

text: bride

text: at

text: a

text: wedding

text: wore

text: a

text: red

text: shawl

text: called

text: a

text: flammeum

text: Red

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: color

text: statues

text: and

text: the

text: skin

text: of

text: gladiators

text: Red

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: color

text: associated

text: with

text: army

text: Roman

text: soldiers

text: wore

text: red

text: tunics

text: and

text: officers

text: wore

text: a

text: cloak

text: called

text: a

text: paludamentum

text: which

text: depending

text: upon

text: the

text: quality

text: of

text: the

text: dye

text: could

text: be

text: crimson

text: scarlet

text: or

text: purple

text: In

text: Roman

text: mythology

text: red

text: is

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: god

text: of

text: war

text: Mars

text: The

text: vexilloid

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: had

text: a

text: red

text: background

text: with

text: the

text: letters

text: SPQR

text: in

text: gold

text: A

text: Roman

text: general

text: receiving

text: a

text: triumph

text: had

text: his

text: entire

text: body

text: painted

text: red

text: in

text: honor

text: of

text: his

text: achievement

question: Which color was said to be the Emperor's color in ancient Rome?

answer: Tyrian purple

text: Tyrian purple

question: At what time were togas with red were worn by Romans?

answer: holidays

text: holidays

question: What is a flammeum?

answer: a red shawl

text: a red shawl

question: What color was correlated with the Army in ancient Rome?

answer: Red

text: Red

question: After what event would a general of the Roman army be painted red?

answer: triumph

text: triumph


text: In 2008, the main media were owned by the government, but many more privately run forms of media were being created. There is one government-owned television station and around 10 small private television channels.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: In

text: the

text: main

text: media

text: were

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: government

text: but

text: many

text: more

text: privately

text: run

text: forms

text: of

text: media

text: were

text: being

text: created

text: There

text: is

text: one

text: government

text: owned

text: television

text: station

text: and

text: around

text: small

text: private

text: television

text: channels

question: Who controlled the media in the Congo in 2008

answer: the government

text: the government

question: How many government TV stations exist?

answer: one

text: one

question: How many smaller stations exist that are not government-run?

answer: 10


text: It was not unusual for electric recordings to be played back on acoustic phonographs. The Victor Orthophonic phonograph was a prime example where such playback was expected. In the Orthophonic, which benefited from telephone research, the mechanical pickup head was redesigned with lower resonance than the traditional mica type. Also, a folded horn with an exponential taper was constructed inside the cabinet to provide better impedance matching to the air. As a result, playback of an Orthophonic record sounded like it was coming from a radio.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: It

text: was

text: not

text: unusual

text: for

text: electric

text: recordings

text: to

text: be

text: played

text: back

text: on

text: acoustic

text: phonographs

text: The

text: Victor

text: Orthophonic

text: phonograph

text: was

text: a

text: prime

text: example

text: where

text: such

text: playback

text: was

text: expected

text: In

text: the

text: Orthophonic

text: which

text: benefited

text: from

text: telephone

text: research

text: the

text: mechanical

text: pickup

text: head

text: was

text: redesigned

text: with

text: lower

text: resonance

text: than

text: the

text: traditional

text: mica

text: type

text: Also

text: a

text: folded

text: horn

text: with

text: an

text: exponential

text: taper

text: was

text: constructed

text: inside

text: the

text: cabinet

text: to

text: provide

text: better

text: impedance

text: matching

text: to

text: the

text: air

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: playback

text: of

text: an

text: Orthophonic

text: record

text: sounded

text: like

text: it

text: was

text: coming

text: from

text: a

text: radio

question: What is one example of an acoustic phonograph on which one would listen to electric recordings?

answer: Victor Orthophonic phonograph

text: Victor Orthophonic phonograph

question: What allowed better sounds inside the cabinet of the orthoponic phonograph?

answer: folded horn with an exponential taper

text: folded horn with an exponential taper

question: What adjustments were made to the orthophonic  to accommodate electric recordings?

answer: mechanical pickup head was redesigned with lower resonance than the traditional mica type

text: mechanical pickup head was redesigned with lower resonance than the traditional mica type

question: Was it common to hear electric recordings on phonographs?

answer: not unusual

text: not unusual

question: How similar was the sound of a orthodontic  record to a radio?

answer: sounded like

text: sounded like


text: Formally, a "database" refers to a set of related data and the way it is organized. Access to these data is usually provided by a "database management system" (DBMS) consisting of an integrated set of computer software that allows users to interact with one or more databases and provides access to all of the data contained in the database (although restrictions may exist that limit access to particular data). The DBMS provides various functions that allow entry, storage and retrieval of large quantities of information and provides ways to manage how that information is organized.

title: Database

title: Database

text: Formally

text: a

text: database

text: refers

text: to

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: related

text: data

text: and

text: the

text: way

text: it

text: is

text: organized

text: Access

text: to

text: these

text: data

text: is

text: usually

text: provided

text: by

text: a

text: database

text: management

text: system

text: DBMS

text: consisting

text: of

text: an

text: integrated

text: set

text: of

text: computer

text: software

text: that

text: allows

text: users

text: to

text: interact

text: with

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: databases

text: and

text: provides

text: access

text: to

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: data

text: contained

text: in

text: the

text: database

text: although

text: restrictions

text: may

text: exist

text: that

text: limit

text: access

text: to

text: particular

text: data

text: The

text: DBMS

text: provides

text: various

text: functions

text: that

text: allow

text: entry

text: storage

text: and

text: retrieval

text: of

text: large

text: quantities

text: of

text: information

text: and

text: provides

text: ways

text: to

text: manage

text: how

text: that

text: information

text: is

text: organized

question: How is data accessed?

answer: by a "database management system" (DBMS)

text: by a "database management system" (DBMS)

question: How much data can a DBMS store?

answer: large quantities

text: large quantities

question: A DBMS consists of what?

answer: an integrated set of computer software

text: an integrated set of computer software


text: One of the first victims was Northern Rock, a medium-sized British bank. The highly leveraged nature of its business led the bank to request security from the Bank of England. This in turn led to investor panic and a bank run in mid-September 2007. Calls by Liberal Democrat Treasury Spokesman Vince Cable to nationalise the institution were initially ignored; in February 2008, however, the British government (having failed to find a private sector buyer) relented, and the bank was taken into public hands. Northern Rock's problems proved to be an early indication of the troubles that would soon befall other banks and financial institutions.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: victims

text: was

text: Northern

text: Rock

text: a

text: medium

text: sized

text: British

text: bank

text: The

text: highly

text: leveraged

text: nature

text: of

text: its

text: business

text: led

text: the

text: bank

text: to

text: request

text: security

text: from

text: the

text: Bank

text: of

text: England

text: This

text: in

text: turn

text: led

text: to

text: investor

text: panic

text: and

text: a

text: bank

text: run

text: in

text: mid

text: September

text: Calls

text: by

text: Liberal

text: Democrat

text: Treasury

text: Spokesman

text: Vince

text: Cable

text: to

text: nationalise

text: the

text: institution

text: were

text: initially

text: ignored

text: in

text: February

text: however

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: having

text: failed

text: to

text: find

text: a

text: private

text: sector

text: buyer

text: relented

text: and

text: the

text: bank

text: was

text: taken

text: into

text: public

text: hands

text: Northern

text: Rock

text: 's

text: problems

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: early

text: indication

text: of

text: the

text: troubles

text: that

text: would

text: soon

text: befall

text: other

text: banks

text: and

text: financial

text: institutions

question: Which medium sized British bank was the first victim of the financial crisis?

answer: Northern Rock

text: Northern Rock

question: Who did Northern Rock request security from?

answer: Bank of England

text: Bank of England

question: When did Northern Rock investors panic and a bank run begin?

answer: September 2007

text: September 2007

question: When was Northern Rock taken into public hands?

answer: February 2008

text: February 2008

question: Which bank early problems in 2007 were an indicator of the troubles that would soon befall other banks and financial institutions?

answer: Northern Rock

text: Northern Rock


text: The 2012–2013 Cypriot financial crisis led to an agreement with the Eurogroup in March 2013 to split the country's second largest bank, the Cyprus Popular Bank (also known as Laiki Bank), into a "bad" bank which would be wound down over time and a "good" bank which would be absorbed by the Bank of Cyprus. In return for a €10 billion bailout from the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund, often referred to as the "troika", the Cypriot government was required to impose a significant haircut on uninsured deposits, a large proportion of which were held by wealthy Russians who used Cyprus as a tax haven. Insured deposits of €100,000 or less were not affected.

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: The

text: Cypriot

text: financial

text: crisis

text: led

text: to

text: an

text: agreement

text: with

text: the

text: Eurogroup

text: in

text: March

text: to

text: split

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: bank

text: the

text: Cyprus

text: Popular

text: Bank

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Laiki

text: Bank

text: into

text: a

text: bad

text: bank

text: which

text: would

text: be

text: wound

text: down

text: over

text: time

text: and

text: a

text: good

text: bank

text: which

text: would

text: be

text: absorbed

text: by

text: the

text: Bank

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: In

text: return

text: for

text: a

text: billion

text: bailout

text: from

text: the

text: European

text: Commission

text: the

text: European

text: Central

text: Bank

text: and

text: the

text: International

text: Monetary

text: Fund

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: troika

text: the

text: Cypriot

text: government

text: was

text: required

text: to

text: impose

text: a

text: significant

text: haircut

text: on

text: uninsured

text: deposits

text: a

text: large

text: proportion

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: held

text: by

text: wealthy

text: Russians

text: who

text: used

text: Cyprus

text: as

text: a

text: tax

text: haven

text: Insured

text: deposits

text: of

text: or

text: less

text: were

text: not

text: affected

question: What did the March 2013 agreement decide?

answer: split the country's second largest bank

text: split the country's second largest bank

question: Who would eventually absorb the "good" bank of Cyprus Popular Bank?

answer: Bank of Cyprus

text: Bank of Cyprus

question: What was the amount of bailout money given to Cyprus?

answer: €10 billion

text: €10 billion

question: Who was using Cyprus as a tax haven?

answer: wealthy Russians

text: wealthy Russians


text: With respect to Pakistan's territories (i.e. FATA, Azad Kashmir, Northern Areas and Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT)) the Supreme Court's jurisdiction is rather limited and varies from territory to territory; it can hear appeals only of a constitutional nature from FATA and Northern Areas, while ICT generally functions the same as provinces. Azad Kashmir has its own courts system and the constitution of Pakistan does not apply to it as such; appeals from Azad Kashmir relate to its relationship with Pakistan.

title: Supreme_court

title: Supreme_court

text: With

text: respect

text: to

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: territories

text: i.e.

text: FATA

text: Azad

text: Kashmir

text: Northern

text: Areas

text: and

text: Islamabad

text: Capital

text: Territory

text: ICT

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: 's

text: jurisdiction

text: is

text: rather

text: limited

text: and

text: varies

text: from

text: territory

text: to

text: territory

text: it

text: can

text: hear

text: appeals

text: only

text: of

text: a

text: constitutional

text: nature

text: from

text: FATA

text: and

text: Northern

text: Areas

text: while

text: ICT

text: generally

text: functions

text: the

text: same

text: as

text: provinces

text: Azad

text: Kashmir

text: has

text: its

text: own

text: courts

text: system

text: and

text: the

text: constitution

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: does

text: not

text: apply

text: to

text: it

text: as

text: such

text: appeals

text: from

text: Azad

text: Kashmir

text: relate

text: to

text: its

text: relationship

text: with

text: Pakistan

question: What are some of the territories within Pakistan?

answer: FATA, Azad Kashmir, Northern Areas and Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT)

text: FATA, Azad Kashmir, Northern Areas and Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT)

question: What type of cases may Pakistan's Supreme Court hear from FATA?

answer: appeals only of a constitutional nature

text: appeals only of a constitutional nature

question: What Pakistani territory's own courts retain supremacy?

answer: Azad Kashmir

text: Azad Kashmir

question: What is the relationship between Pakistan's Constitution and Azad Kashmir?

answer: does not apply to it

text: does not apply to it


text: In 2003, the remains of a mosaic pavement were discovered under the ruins of the Bizere Monastery near the River Mureş in present-day Romania. The panels depict real or fantastic animal, floral, solar and geometric representations. Some archeologists supposed that it was the floor of an Orthodox church, built some time between the 10th and 11th century. Other experts claim that it was part of the later Catholic monastery on the site because it shows the signs of strong Italianate influence. The monastery was situated that time in the territory of the Kingdom of Hungary.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: In

text: the

text: remains

text: of

text: a

text: mosaic

text: pavement

text: were

text: discovered

text: under

text: the

text: ruins

text: of

text: the

text: Bizere

text: Monastery

text: near

text: the

text: River

text: Mureş

text: in

text: present

text: day

text: Romania

text: The

text: panels

text: depict

text: real

text: or

text: fantastic

text: animal

text: floral

text: solar

text: and

text: geometric

text: representations

text: Some

text: archeologists

text: supposed

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: floor

text: of

text: an

text: Orthodox

text: church

text: built

text: some

text: time

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: century

text: Other

text: experts

text: claim

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: later

text: Catholic

text: monastery

text: on

text: the

text: site

text: because

text: it

text: shows

text: the

text: signs

text: of

text: strong

text: Italianate

text: influence

text: The

text: monastery

text: was

text: situated

text: that

text: time

text: in

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Hungary

question: when were mosaic pavements uncovered at the Bizere Monastery?

answer: 2003

question: Where would the Bizere Monastery be located today?

answer: Romania

text: Romania

question: When were the mosaics at Bizere Monastery created?

answer: between the 10th and 11th century

text: between the 10th and 11th century

question: In what kingdom was the Bizere Monastery located?

answer: Hungary

text: Hungary