text: After a three-year hiatus, a fifth Digimon series began airing on April 2, 2006. Like Frontier, Savers has no connection with the previous installments, and also marks a new start for the Digimon franchise, with a drastic change in character designs and story-line, in order to reach a broader audience. The story focuses on the challenges faced by the members of D.A.T.S. ("Digital Accident Tactics Squad"), an organization created to conceal the existence of the Digital World and Digimon from the rest of mankind, and secretly solve any Digimon-related incidents occurring on Earth. Later the D.A.T.S. is dragged into a massive conflict between Earth and the Digital World, triggered by an ambitious human scientist named Akihiro Kurata, determined to make use of the Digimon for his own personal gains. The English version was dubbed by Studiopolis and it premiered on the Jetix block on Toon Disney on October 1, 2007. Digivolution in Data Squad requires the human partner's DNA ("Digital Natural Ability" in the English version and "Digisoul" in the Japanese version) to activate, a strong empathy with their Digimon and a will to succeed. 'Digimon Savers' also introduces a new form of digivolving called Burst Mode which is essentially the level above Mega (previously the strongest form a digimon could take). Like previously in Tamers, this plot takes on a dark tone throughout the story and the anime was aimed, originally in Japan, at an older audience consisting of late teens and people in their early twenties from ages 16 to 21. Because of that, along with the designs, the anime being heavily edited and localized for western US audiences like past series, and the English dub being aimed mostly toward younger audiences of children aged 6 to 10 and having a lower TV-Y7-FV rating just like past dubs, Studiopolis dubbed the anime on Jetix with far more edits, changes, censorship, and cut footage. This included giving the Japanese characters full Americanized names and American surnames as well as applying far more Americanization (Marcus Damon as opposed to the Japanese Daimon Masaru), cultural streamlining and more edits to their version similar to the changes 4Kids often made (such as removal of Japanese text for the purpose of cultural streamlining). Despite all that, the setting of the country was still in Japan and the characters were Japanese in the dub. This series was the first to show any Japanese cultural concepts that were unfamiliar with American audiences (such as the manju), which were left unedited and used in the English dub. Also despite the heavy censorship and the English dub aimed at young children, some of the Digimon's attacks named after real weapons such as RizeGreymon's Trident Revolver are not edited and used in the English dub. Well Go USA released it on DVD instead of Disney. The North American English dub was televised on Jetix in the U.S. and on the Family Channel in Canada.

title: Digimon

title: Digimon

text: After

text: a

text: three

text: year

text: hiatus

text: a

text: fifth

text: Digimon

text: series

text: began

text: airing

text: on

text: April

text: Like

text: Frontier

text: Savers

text: has

text: no

text: connection

text: with

text: the

text: previous

text: installments

text: and

text: also

text: marks

text: a

text: new

text: start

text: for

text: the

text: Digimon

text: franchise

text: with

text: a

text: drastic

text: change

text: in

text: character

text: designs

text: and

text: story

text: line

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: reach

text: a

text: broader

text: audience

text: The

text: story

text: focuses

text: on

text: the

text: challenges

text: faced

text: by

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: D.A.T.S.

text: Digital

text: Accident

text: Tactics

text: Squad

text: an

text: organization

text: created

text: to

text: conceal

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: the

text: Digital

text: World

text: and

text: Digimon

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: mankind

text: and

text: secretly

text: solve

text: any

text: Digimon

text: related

text: incidents

text: occurring

text: on

text: Earth

text: Later

text: the

text: D.A.T.S.

text: is

text: dragged

text: into

text: a

text: massive

text: conflict

text: between

text: Earth

text: and

text: the

text: Digital

text: World

text: triggered

text: by

text: an

text: ambitious

text: human

text: scientist

text: named

text: Akihiro

text: Kurata

text: determined

text: to

text: make

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: Digimon

text: for

text: his

text: own

text: personal

text: gains

text: The

text: English

text: version

text: was

text: dubbed

text: by

text: Studiopolis

text: and

text: it

text: premiered

text: on

text: the

text: Jetix

text: block

text: on

text: Toon

text: Disney

text: on

text: October

text: Digivolution

text: in

text: Data

text: Squad

text: requires

text: the

text: human

text: partner

text: 's

text: DNA

text: Digital

text: Natural

text: Ability

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: version

text: and

text: Digisoul

text: in

text: the

text: Japanese

text: version

text: to

text: activate

text: a

text: strong

text: empathy

text: with

text: their

text: Digimon

text: and

text: a

text: will

text: to

text: succeed

text: Digimon

text: Savers

text: also

text: introduces

text: a

text: new

text: form

text: of

text: digivolving

text: called

text: Burst

text: Mode

text: which

text: is

text: essentially

text: the

text: level

text: above

text: Mega

text: previously

text: the

text: strongest

text: form

text: a

text: digimon

text: could

text: take

text: Like

text: previously

text: in

text: Tamers

text: this

text: plot

text: takes

text: on

text: a

text: dark

text: tone

text: throughout

text: the

text: story

text: and

text: the

text: anime

text: was

text: aimed

text: originally

text: in

text: Japan

text: at

text: an

text: older

text: audience

text: consisting

text: of

text: late

text: teens

text: and

text: people

text: in

text: their

text: early

text: twenties

text: from

text: ages

text: to

text: Because

text: of

text: that

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: designs

text: the

text: anime

text: being

text: heavily

text: edited

text: and

text: localized

text: for

text: western

text: US

text: audiences

text: like

text: past

text: series

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: dub

text: being

text: aimed

text: mostly

text: toward

text: younger

text: audiences

text: of

text: children

text: aged

text: to

text: and

text: having

text: a

text: lower

text: TV

text: rating

text: just

text: like

text: past

text: dubs

text: Studiopolis

text: dubbed

text: the

text: anime

text: on

text: Jetix

text: with

text: far

text: more

text: edits

text: changes

text: censorship

text: and

text: cut

text: footage

text: This

text: included

text: giving

text: the

text: Japanese

text: characters

text: full

text: Americanized

text: names

text: and

text: American

text: surnames

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: applying

text: far

text: more

text: Americanization

text: Marcus

text: Damon

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: Japanese

text: Daimon

text: Masaru

text: cultural

text: streamlining

text: and

text: more

text: edits

text: to

text: their

text: version

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: changes

text: often

text: made

text: such

text: as

text: removal

text: of

text: Japanese

text: text

text: for

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: cultural

text: streamlining

text: Despite

text: all

text: that

text: the

text: setting

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: was

text: still

text: in

text: Japan

text: and

text: the

text: characters

text: were

text: Japanese

text: in

text: the

text: dub

text: This

text: series

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: show

text: any

text: Japanese

text: cultural

text: concepts

text: that

text: were

text: unfamiliar

text: with

text: American

text: audiences

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: manju

text: which

text: were

text: left

text: unedited

text: and

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: dub

text: Also

text: despite

text: the

text: heavy

text: censorship

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: dub

text: aimed

text: at

text: young

text: children

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: Digimon

text: 's

text: attacks

text: named

text: after

text: real

text: weapons

text: such

text: as

text: RizeGreymon

text: 's

text: Trident

text: Revolver

text: are

text: not

text: edited

text: and

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: dub

text: Well

text: Go

text: USA

text: released

text: it

text: on

text: DVD

text: instead

text: of

text: Disney

text: The

text: North

text: American

text: English

text: dub

text: was

text: televised

text: on

text: Jetix

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: Family

text: Channel

text: in

text: Canada

question: How long did Digimon stay off the air before returning?

answer: three-year hiatus

text: three-year hiatus

question: What year did the fifth  series start?

answer: April 2, 2006

text: April 2, 2006

question: What was the main focus of the 5th season?

answer: D.A.T.S. ("Digital Accident Tactics Squad")

text: D.A.T.S. ("Digital Accident Tactics Squad")

question: What age group did the season target with its darker theme?

answer: ages 16 to 21

text: ages 16 to 21

question: What was the original target age for the Digimon series?

answer: children aged 6 to 10

text: children aged 6 to 10


text: Many US and European jewellery companies, including Bulgari, Tiffany, and Cartier, refuse to import these stones based on reports of deplorable working conditions in the mines. Human Rights Watch has encouraged a complete ban on the purchase of Burmese gems based on these reports and because nearly all profits go to the ruling junta, as the majority of mining activity in the country is government-run. The government of Myanmar controls the gem trade by direct ownership or by joint ventures with private owners of mines.

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: Many

text: US

text: and

text: European

text: jewellery

text: companies

text: including

text: Bulgari

text: Tiffany

text: and

text: Cartier

text: refuse

text: to

text: import

text: these

text: stones

text: based

text: on

text: reports

text: of

text: deplorable

text: working

text: conditions

text: in

text: the

text: mines

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Watch

text: has

text: encouraged

text: a

text: complete

text: ban

text: on

text: the

text: purchase

text: of

text: Burmese

text: gems

text: based

text: on

text: these

text: reports

text: and

text: because

text: nearly

text: all

text: profits

text: go

text: to

text: the

text: ruling

text: junta

text: as

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: mining

text: activity

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: government

text: run

text: The

text: government

text: of

text: Myanmar

text: controls

text: the

text: gem

text: trade

text: by

text: direct

text: ownership

text: or

text: by

text: joint

text: ventures

text: with

text: private

text: owners

text: of

text: mines

question: What is the difficulty with expanding the gem business in Burma ?

answer: US and European jewellery companies, including Bulgari, Tiffany, and Cartier, refuse to import these stones based

text: US and European jewellery companies, including Bulgari, Tiffany, and Cartier, refuse to import these stones based

question: Why is Burma experiencing this problem with the gems industry  ?

answer: reports of deplorable working conditions in the mines.

text: reports of deplorable working conditions in the mines.

question: Who gave information on the gem industries in Burma ?

answer: Human Rights Watch

text: Human Rights Watch

question: What did the group advised based on the information's results ?

answer: encouraged a complete ban on the purchase of Burmese gems based

text: encouraged a complete ban on the purchase of Burmese gems based

question: Who receives the majority of financial benefits from the gem mining ?

answer: the ruling junta

text: the ruling junta


text: During the 1890s, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, commonly known as Dashnaktsutyun, became active within the Ottoman Empire with the aim of unifying the various small groups in the empire that were advocating for reform and defending Armenian villages from massacres that were widespread in some of the Armenian-populated areas of the empire. Dashnaktsutyun members also formed fedayi groups that defended Armenian civilians through armed resistance. The Dashnaks also worked for the wider goal of creating a "free, independent and unified" Armenia, although they sometimes set aside this goal in favor of a more realistic approach, such as advocating autonomy.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: During

text: the

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Revolutionary

text: Federation

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Dashnaktsutyun

text: became

text: active

text: within

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: unifying

text: the

text: various

text: small

text: groups

text: in

text: the

text: empire

text: that

text: were

text: advocating

text: for

text: reform

text: and

text: defending

text: Armenian

text: villages

text: from

text: massacres

text: that

text: were

text: widespread

text: in

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: Armenian

text: populated

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: Dashnaktsutyun

text: members

text: also

text: formed

text: fedayi

text: groups

text: that

text: defended

text: Armenian

text: civilians

text: through

text: armed

text: resistance

text: The

text: Dashnaks

text: also

text: worked

text: for

text: the

text: wider

text: goal

text: of

text: creating

text: a

text: free

text: independent

text: and

text: unified

text: Armenia

text: although

text: they

text: sometimes

text: set

text: aside

text: this

text: goal

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: a

text: more

text: realistic

text: approach

text: such

text: as

text: advocating

text: autonomy

question: What is another name for the Armenian Revolutionary Federation?

answer: Dashnaktsutyun

text: Dashnaktsutyun

question: What was the Dashnaks objective?

answer: creating a "free, independent and unified" Armenia

text: creating a "free, independent and unified" Armenia

question: Which Dashnak groups helped protect Armenian citizens?

answer: fedayi

text: fedayi

question: When did the Dashnaktsutyun originate?

answer: 1890s


text: Bronx gang life was depicted in the 1974 novel The Wanderers by Bronx native Richard Price and the 1979 movie of the same name. They are set in the heart of the Bronx, showing apartment life and the then-landmark Krums ice cream parlor. In the 1979 film The Warriors, the eponymous gang go to a meeting in Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx, and have to fight their way out of the borough and get back to Coney Island in Brooklyn. A Bronx Tale (1993) depicts gang activities in the Belmont "Little Italy" section of the Bronx. The 2005 video game adaptation features levels called Pelham, Tremont, and "Gunhill" (a play off the name Gun Hill Road). This theme lends itself to the title of The Bronx Is Burning, an eight-part ESPN TV mini-series (2007) about the New York Yankees' drive to winning baseball's 1977 World Series. The TV series emphasizes the boisterous nature of the team, led by manager Billy Martin, catcher Thurman Munson and outfielder Reggie Jackson, as well as the malaise of the Bronx and New York City in general during that time, such as the blackout, the city's serious financial woes and near bankruptcy, the arson for insurance payments, and the election of Ed Koch as mayor.

title: The_Bronx

title: The_Bronx

text: Bronx

text: gang

text: life

text: was

text: depicted

text: in

text: the

text: novel

text: The

text: Wanderers

text: by

text: Bronx

text: native

text: Richard

text: Price

text: and

text: the

text: movie

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: They

text: are

text: set

text: in

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: Bronx

text: showing

text: apartment

text: life

text: and

text: the

text: then

text: landmark

text: Krums

text: ice

text: cream

text: parlor

text: In

text: the

text: film

text: The

text: Warriors

text: the

text: eponymous

text: gang

text: go

text: to

text: a

text: meeting

text: in

text: Van

text: Cortlandt

text: Park

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: and

text: have

text: to

text: fight

text: their

text: way

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: borough

text: and

text: get

text: back

text: to

text: Coney

text: Island

text: in

text: Brooklyn

text: A

text: Bronx

text: Tale

text: depicts

text: gang

text: activities

text: in

text: the

text: Belmont

text: Little

text: Italy

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Bronx

text: The

text: video

text: game

text: adaptation

text: features

text: levels

text: called

text: Pelham

text: Tremont

text: and

text: Gunhill

text: a

text: play

text: off

text: the

text: name

text: Gun

text: Hill

text: Road

text: This

text: theme

text: lends

text: itself

text: to

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: The

text: Bronx

text: Is

text: Burning

text: an

text: eight

text: part

text: ESPN

text: TV

text: mini

text: series

text: about

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Yankees

text: drive

text: to

text: winning

text: baseball

text: 's

text: World

text: Series

text: The

text: TV

text: series

text: emphasizes

text: the

text: boisterous

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: team

text: led

text: by

text: manager

text: Billy

text: Martin

text: catcher

text: Thurman

text: Munson

text: and

text: outfielder

text: Reggie

text: Jackson

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: malaise

text: of

text: the

text: Bronx

text: and

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: in

text: general

text: during

text: that

text: time

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: blackout

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: serious

text: financial

text: woes

text: and

text: near

text: bankruptcy

text: the

text: arson

text: for

text: insurance

text: payments

text: and

text: the

text: election

text: of

text: Ed

text: Koch

text: as

text: mayor

question: When was 'The Warriors' movie released?

answer: 1979

question: When was 'The Wanderers' published?

answer: 1974

question: When was 'A Bronx Tale' released?

answer: 1993

question: When was 'The Wanderers' movie released?

answer: 1979

question: When was 'The Wanderers' published?

answer: 1974

question: When was 'The Wanderers' movie released?

answer: 1979

question: When was 'The Warriors' movie released?

answer: 1979

question: When was 'A Bronx Tale' released?

answer: 1993


text: There is also a widespread view[vague][who?] that giving much more financial support to continuously cover the debt crisis or allow even higher budget deficits or debt levels would discourage the crisis states to implement necessary reforms to regain their competitiveness.[citation needed] There has also been a reluctance[citation needed] of financially stable eurozone states like Germany[citation needed] to further circumvent the no-bailout clause in the EU contracts and to generally take on the burden of financing or guaranteeing the debts of financially unstable or defaulting eurozone countries.[citation needed]

title: European_Central_Bank

title: European_Central_Bank

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: widespread

text: view[vague][who

text: that

text: giving

text: much

text: more

text: financial

text: support

text: to

text: continuously

text: cover

text: the

text: debt

text: crisis

text: or

text: allow

text: even

text: higher

text: budget

text: deficits

text: or

text: debt

text: levels

text: would

text: discourage

text: the

text: crisis

text: states

text: to

text: implement

text: necessary

text: reforms

text: to

text: regain

text: their

text: competitiveness.[citation

text: needed

text: There

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: a

text: reluctance[citation

text: needed

text: of

text: financially

text: stable

text: eurozone

text: states

text: like

text: Germany[citation

text: needed

text: to

text: further

text: circumvent

text: the

text: no

text: bailout

text: clause

text: in

text: the

text: EU

text: contracts

text: and

text: to

text: generally

text: take

text: on

text: the

text: burden

text: of

text: financing

text: or

text: guaranteeing

text: the

text: debts

text: of

text: financially

text: unstable

text: or

text: defaulting

text: eurozone

text: countries.[citation

text: needed

question: Which countries didn't want to go around the bail-out clause and have to shoulder the burden of backing the defaulters debts.

answer: financially stable eurozone states like Germany

text: financially stable eurozone states like Germany

question: What do most see raising the debt celing as doing?

answer: discourage the crisis states to implement necessary reforms to regain their competitiveness

text: discourage the crisis states to implement necessary reforms to regain their competitiveness

question: What could keep the crisis states from trying to stand on their own?

answer: giving much more financial support to continuously cover the debt crisis or allow even higher budget deficits or debt levels

text: giving much more financial support to continuously cover the debt crisis or allow even higher budget deficits or debt levels


text: The Republic of Cyprus has de jure sovereignty over the island of Cyprus and its surrounding waters, according to international law, except for the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, administered as Sovereign Base Areas. However, the Republic of Cyprus is de facto partitioned into two main parts; the area under the effective control of the Republic, comprising about 59% of the island's area, and the north, administered by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which is recognised only by Turkey, covering about 36% of the island's area. The international community considers the northern part of the island as territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces. The occupation is viewed as illegal under international law, amounting to illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus became a member of the European Union.

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: has

text: de

text: jure

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: and

text: its

text: surrounding

text: waters

text: according

text: to

text: international

text: law

text: except

text: for

text: the

text: British

text: Overseas

text: Territory

text: of

text: Akrotiri

text: and

text: Dhekelia

text: administered

text: as

text: Sovereign

text: Base

text: Areas

text: However

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: de

text: facto

text: partitioned

text: into

text: two

text: main

text: parts

text: the

text: area

text: under

text: the

text: effective

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: comprising

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: north

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: self

text: declared

text: Turkish

text: Republic

text: of

text: Northern

text: Cyprus

text: which

text: is

text: recognised

text: only

text: by

text: Turkey

text: covering

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: area

text: The

text: international

text: community

text: considers

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: as

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: occupied

text: by

text: Turkish

text: forces

text: The

text: occupation

text: is

text: viewed

text: as

text: illegal

text: under

text: international

text: law

text: amounting

text: to

text: illegal

text: occupation

text: of

text: EU

text: territory

text: since

text: Cyprus

text: became

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

question: The Republic of Cyprus does not have de jure sovereignty over what two British territories?

answer: Akrotiri and Dhekelia

text: Akrotiri and Dhekelia

question: How many parts is the Republic of Cyprus partitioned into?

answer: two main parts

text: two main parts

question: How much area of the island does the Republic control?

answer: 59%

question: The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is only recognized by what country?

answer: Turkey

text: Turkey

question: What does the international community consider the northern part of Cyprus?

answer: territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces

text: territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces


text: The story focuses on series protagonist Link, who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm. To do so, he takes the form of both a Hylian and a wolf, and is assisted by a mysterious creature named Midna. The game takes place hundreds of years after Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask, in an alternate timeline from The Wind Waker.

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

text: The

text: story

text: focuses

text: on

text: series

text: protagonist

text: Link

text: who

text: tries

text: to

text: prevent

text: Hyrule

text: from

text: being

text: engulfed

text: by

text: a

text: corrupted

text: parallel

text: dimension

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Twilight

text: Realm

text: To

text: do

text: so

text: he

text: takes

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: both

text: a

text: Hylian

text: and

text: a

text: wolf

text: and

text: is

text: assisted

text: by

text: a

text: mysterious

text: creature

text: named

text: Midna

text: The

text: game

text: takes

text: place

text: hundreds

text: of

text: years

text: after

text: Ocarina

text: of

text: Time

text: and

text: Majora

text: 's

text: Mask

text: in

text: an

text: alternate

text: timeline

text: from

text: The

text: Wind

text: Waker

question: Who is the main character of the story?

answer: Link

text: Link

question: What land does Link serve to protect?

answer: Hyrule

text: Hyrule

question: What character helped Link in Twilight Princess?

answer: Midna

text: Midna

question: Who is the protagonist is Legend of Zelda?

answer: Link

text: Link

question: What is the name of the mysterious creature that assists Link?

answer: Midna

text: Midna

question: This storyline takes place alternate from what storyline?

answer: The Wind Waker

text: The Wind Waker


text: On 7 July 1994, the Fraunhofer Society released the first software MP3 encoder called l3enc. The filename extension .mp3 was chosen by the Fraunhofer team on 14 July 1995 (previously, the files had been named .bit). With the first real-time software MP3 player WinPlay3 (released 9 September 1995) many people were able to encode and play back MP3 files on their PCs. Because of the relatively small hard drives back in that time (~ 500–1000 MB) lossy compression was essential to store non-instrument based (see tracker and MIDI) music for playback on computer.

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: On

text: July

text: the

text: Fraunhofer

text: Society

text: released

text: the

text: first

text: software

text: encoder

text: called

text: The

text: filename

text: extension

text: was

text: chosen

text: by

text: the

text: Fraunhofer

text: team

text: on

text: July

text: previously

text: the

text: files

text: had

text: been

text: named

text: .bit

text: With

text: the

text: first

text: real

text: time

text: software

text: player

text: released

text: September

text: many

text: people

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: encode

text: and

text: play

text: back

text: files

text: on

text: their

text: PCs

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: relatively

text: small

text: hard

text: drives

text: back

text: in

text: that

text: time

text: MB

text: lossy

text: compression

text: was

text: essential

text: to

text: store

text: non

text: instrument

text: based

text: see

text: tracker

text: and

text: MIDI

text: music

text: for

text: playback

text: on

text: computer

question: When was the first software MP3 encoder released?

answer: 7 July 1994

text: 7 July 1994

question: What was the name of the first software MP3 encoder?

answer: l3enc

question: What was the filename extension?

answer: .mp3

question: What was the name of the first real-time software MP3 player?

answer: WinPlay3

question: What was the average high end hard drive size?

answer: 1000 MB

text: 1000 MB


text: Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of global electricity generation – 3,427 terawatt-hours of electricity production in 2010, and is expected to increase about 3.1% each year for the next 25 years. Hydroelectric plants have the advantage of being long-lived and many existing plants have operated for more than 100 years.

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Hydroelectricity

text: is

text: the

text: term

text: referring

text: to

text: electricity

text: generated

text: by

text: hydropower

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: electrical

text: power

text: through

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: gravitational

text: force

text: of

text: falling

text: or

text: flowing

text: water

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: used

text: form

text: of

text: renewable

text: energy

text: accounting

text: for

text: percent

text: of

text: global

text: electricity

text: generation

text: terawatt

text: hours

text: of

text: electricity

text: production

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: increase

text: about

text: each

text: year

text: for

text: the

text: next

text: years

text: Hydroelectric

text: plants

text: have

text: the

text: advantage

text: of

text: being

text: long

text: lived

text: and

text: many

text: existing

text: plants

text: have

text: operated

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: years

question: What is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower?

answer: Hydroelectricity

text: Hydroelectricity

question: What is the most widely used form of renewable energy?

answer: Hydroelectricity

text: Hydroelectricity

question: Hydroelectricity accounts for what percentage of global electricity generation?

answer: Hydroelectricity

text: Hydroelectricity

question: Electricity production is expected to increase by what percentage each year for the next 25 years?

answer: 3.1%


text: Bern was a candidate to host the 2010 Winter Olympics, but withdrew its bid in September 2002 after a referendum was passed that showed that the bid was not supported by locals. Those games were eventually awarded to Vancouver, Canada.

title: Bern

title: Bern

text: Bern

text: was

text: a

text: candidate

text: to

text: host

text: the

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: but

text: withdrew

text: its

text: bid

text: in

text: September

text: after

text: a

text: referendum

text: was

text: passed

text: that

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: bid

text: was

text: not

text: supported

text: by

text: locals

text: Those

text: games

text: were

text: eventually

text: awarded

text: to

text: Vancouver

text: Canada

question: What year did Bern want to host the Winter Olympics?

answer: 2010

question: What year did they withdraw their bid?

answer: 2002

question: Where were the 2010 Winter Olympics held?

answer: Vancouver, Canada

text: Vancouver, Canada


text: The ritual form on which the Grand Orient of France was based was abolished in England in the events leading to the formation of the United Grand Lodge of England in 1813. However the two jurisdictions continued in amity (mutual recognition) until events of the 1860s and 1870s drove a seemingly permanent wedge between them. In 1868 the Supreme Council of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of the State of Louisiana appeared in the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Louisiana, recognised by the Grand Orient de France, but regarded by the older body as an invasion of their jurisdiction. The new Scottish rite body admitted blacks, and the resolution of the Grand Orient the following year that neither colour, race, nor religion could disqualify a man from Masonry prompted the Grand Lodge to withdraw recognition, and it persuaded other American Grand Lodges to do the same.

title: Freemasonry

title: Freemasonry

text: The

text: ritual

text: form

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: Grand

text: Orient

text: of

text: France

text: was

text: based

text: was

text: abolished

text: in

text: England

text: in

text: the

text: events

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: England

text: in

text: However

text: the

text: two

text: jurisdictions

text: continued

text: in

text: amity

text: mutual

text: recognition

text: until

text: events

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: drove

text: a

text: seemingly

text: permanent

text: wedge

text: between

text: them

text: In

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Council

text: of

text: the

text: Ancient

text: and

text: Accepted

text: Scottish

text: Rite

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Louisiana

text: appeared

text: in

text: the

text: jurisdiction

text: of

text: the

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: Louisiana

text: recognised

text: by

text: the

text: Grand

text: Orient

text: de

text: France

text: but

text: regarded

text: by

text: the

text: older

text: body

text: as

text: an

text: invasion

text: of

text: their

text: jurisdiction

text: The

text: new

text: Scottish

text: rite

text: body

text: admitted

text: blacks

text: and

text: the

text: resolution

text: of

text: the

text: Grand

text: Orient

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: that

text: neither

text: colour

text: race

text: nor

text: religion

text: could

text: disqualify

text: a

text: man

text: from

text: Masonry

text: prompted

text: the

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: to

text: withdraw

text: recognition

text: and

text: it

text: persuaded

text: other

text: American

text: Grand

text: Lodges

text: to

text: do

text: the

text: same

question: When was the United Grand Lodge of England Formed?

answer: 1813

question: The Grand Orient de France and the United Grand Lodge of England continued in amity until when?

answer: the 1860s and 1870s

text: the 1860s and 1870s

question: What year did the Supreme Council of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Louisiana appear in the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Louisiana?

answer: 1868


text: Nominations take place at the chiefdoms. On the day of nomination, the name of the nominee is raised by a show of hand and the nominee is given an opportunity to indicate whether he or she accepts the nomination. If he or she accepts it, he or she must be supported by at least ten members of that chiefdom. The nominations are for the position of Member of Parliament, Constituency Headman (Indvuna) and the Constituency Executive Committee (Bucopho). The minimum number of nominees is four and the maximum is ten.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: Nominations

text: take

text: place

text: at

text: the

text: chiefdoms

text: On

text: the

text: day

text: of

text: nomination

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: nominee

text: is

text: raised

text: by

text: a

text: show

text: of

text: hand

text: and

text: the

text: nominee

text: is

text: given

text: an

text: opportunity

text: to

text: indicate

text: whether

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: accepts

text: the

text: nomination

text: If

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: accepts

text: it

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: must

text: be

text: supported

text: by

text: at

text: least

text: ten

text: members

text: of

text: that

text: chiefdom

text: The

text: nominations

text: are

text: for

text: the

text: position

text: of

text: Member

text: of

text: Parliament

text: Constituency

text: Headman

text: Indvuna

text: and

text: the

text: Constituency

text: Executive

text: Committee

text: Bucopho

text: The

text: minimum

text: number

text: of

text: nominees

text: is

text: four

text: and

text: the

text: maximum

text: is

text: ten

question: How does a nominee for parliament in Swaziland get decided?

answer: a show of hand

text: a show of hand

question: What is the minimum number of members that must support a nominee to parliament in Swaziland?

answer: at least ten

text: at least ten

question: What is an Indvuna as it relates to the Parliament of Swaziland?

answer: Constituency Headman

text: Constituency Headman

question: In the Swazi Parliament, what is the Bucopho?

answer: Constituency Executive Committee

text: Constituency Executive Committee

question: What is the minimum amount of nominees taken on the day of nomination in the Swazi Parliament?

answer: four

text: four


text: “The roots of all our modern academic fields can be found within the pages of literature.”  Literature in all its forms can be seen as written records, whether the literature itself be factual or fictional, it is still quite possible to decipher facts through things like characters’ actions and words or the authors’ style of writing and the intent behind the words. The plot is for more than just entertainment purposes; within it lies information about economics, psychology, science, religions, politics, cultures, and social depth. Studying and analyzing literature becomes very important in terms of learning about our history. Through the study of past literature we are able to learn about how society has evolved and about the societal norms during each of the different periods all throughout history. This can even help us to understand references made in more modern literature because authors often make references to Greek mythology and other old religious texts or historical moments. Not only is there literature written on each of the aforementioned topics themselves, and how they have evolved throughout history (like a book about the history of economics or a book about evolution and science, for example) but we can also learn about these things in fictional works. Authors often include historical moments in their works, like when Lord Byron talks about the Spanish and the French in ‘‘Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage: Canto I’’ and expresses his opinions through his character Childe Harold. Through literature we are able to continuously uncover new information about history. It is easy to see how all academic fields have roots in literature. Information became easier to pass down from generation to generation once we began to write it down. Eventually everything was written down, from things like home remedies and cures for illness, or how to build shelter to traditions and religious practices. From there people were able to study literature, improve on ideas, further our knowledge, and academic fields such as the medical field or trades could be started. In much the same way as the literature that we study today continue to be updated as we continue to evolve and learn more and more.

title: Literature

title: Literature

text: The

text: roots

text: of

text: all

text: our

text: modern

text: academic

text: fields

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: within

text: the

text: pages

text: of

text: literature

text: Literature

text: in

text: all

text: its

text: forms

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: as

text: written

text: records

text: whether

text: the

text: literature

text: itself

text: be

text: factual

text: or

text: fictional

text: it

text: is

text: still

text: quite

text: possible

text: to

text: decipher

text: facts

text: through

text: things

text: like

text: characters’

text: actions

text: and

text: words

text: or

text: the

text: authors’

text: style

text: of

text: writing

text: and

text: the

text: intent

text: behind

text: the

text: words

text: The

text: plot

text: is

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: just

text: entertainment

text: purposes

text: within

text: it

text: lies

text: information

text: about

text: economics

text: psychology

text: science

text: religions

text: politics

text: cultures

text: and

text: social

text: depth

text: Studying

text: and

text: analyzing

text: literature

text: becomes

text: very

text: important

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: learning

text: about

text: our

text: history

text: Through

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: past

text: literature

text: we

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: learn

text: about

text: how

text: society

text: has

text: evolved

text: and

text: about

text: the

text: societal

text: norms

text: during

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: different

text: periods

text: all

text: throughout

text: history

text: This

text: can

text: even

text: help

text: us

text: to

text: understand

text: references

text: made

text: in

text: more

text: modern

text: literature

text: because

text: authors

text: often

text: make

text: references

text: to

text: Greek

text: mythology

text: and

text: other

text: old

text: religious

text: texts

text: or

text: historical

text: moments

text: Not

text: only

text: is

text: there

text: literature

text: written

text: on

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: aforementioned

text: topics

text: themselves

text: and

text: how

text: they

text: have

text: evolved

text: throughout

text: history

text: like

text: a

text: book

text: about

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: economics

text: or

text: a

text: book

text: about

text: evolution

text: and

text: science

text: for

text: example

text: but

text: we

text: can

text: also

text: learn

text: about

text: these

text: things

text: in

text: fictional

text: works

text: Authors

text: often

text: include

text: historical

text: moments

text: in

text: their

text: works

text: like

text: when

text: Lord

text: Byron

text: talks

text: about

text: the

text: Spanish

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: in

text: Childe

text: Harold

text: ’s

text: Pilgrimage

text: Canto

text: I

text: and

text: expresses

text: his

text: opinions

text: through

text: his

text: character

text: Childe

text: Harold

text: Through

text: literature

text: we

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: continuously

text: uncover

text: new

text: information

text: about

text: history

text: It

text: is

text: easy

text: to

text: see

text: how

text: all

text: academic

text: fields

text: have

text: roots

text: in

text: literature

text: Information

text: became

text: easier

text: to

text: pass

text: down

text: from

text: generation

text: to

text: generation

text: once

text: we

text: began

text: to

text: write

text: it

text: down

text: Eventually

text: everything

text: was

text: written

text: down

text: from

text: things

text: like

text: home

text: remedies

text: and

text: cures

text: for

text: illness

text: or

text: how

text: to

text: build

text: shelter

text: to

text: traditions

text: and

text: religious

text: practices

text: From

text: there

text: people

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: study

text: literature

text: improve

text: on

text: ideas

text: further

text: our

text: knowledge

text: and

text: academic

text: fields

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: medical

text: field

text: or

text: trades

text: could

text: be

text: started

text: In

text: much

text: the

text: same

text: way

text: as

text: the

text: literature

text: that

text: we

text: study

text: today

text: continue

text: to

text: be

text: updated

text: as

text: we

text: continue

text: to

text: evolve

text: and

text: learn

text: more

text: and

text: more

question: Literature, regardless of how the definition is applied, can be interpreted as what?

answer: written records

text: written records

question: We can learn what by carefully examining our literature?

answer: our history

text: our history

question: Who wrote "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage: Canto I"?

answer: Lord Byron

text: Lord Byron

question: Passing information down through generations was made easier when our society did what?

answer: once we began to write it down

text: once we began to write it down

question: Authors of literature frequently reference what antecedents?

answer: Greek mythology and other old religious texts or historical moments

text: Greek mythology and other old religious texts or historical moments


text: The word phonology (as in the phonology of English) can also refer to the phonological system (sound system) of a given language. This is one of the fundamental systems which a language is considered to comprise, like its syntax and its vocabulary.

title: Phonology

title: Phonology

text: The

text: word

text: phonology

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: phonology

text: of

text: English

text: can

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: phonological

text: system

text: sound

text: system

text: of

text: a

text: given

text: language

text: This

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: fundamental

text: systems

text: which

text: a

text: language

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: comprise

text: like

text: its

text: syntax

text: and

text: its

text: vocabulary

question: What part of a language can phonology as a word also refer to?

answer: the phonological system

text: the phonological system

question: What is another term for phonological system?

answer: sound system

text: sound system

question: Aside from syntax and the phonological system, what else comprises a language?

answer: vocabulary

text: vocabulary

question: What sort of language system is phonology?

answer: fundamental

text: fundamental


text: In addition to Somali, Arabic, which is also an Afro-Asiatic tongue, is an official national language in both Somalia and Djibouti. Many Somalis speak it due to centuries-old ties with the Arab world, the far-reaching influence of the Arabic media, and religious education. Somalia and Djibouti are also both members of the Arab League.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: Somali

text: Arabic

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: an

text: Afro

text: Asiatic

text: tongue

text: is

text: an

text: official

text: national

text: language

text: in

text: both

text: Somalia

text: and

text: Djibouti

text: Many

text: Somalis

text: speak

text: it

text: due

text: to

text: centuries

text: old

text: ties

text: with

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: the

text: far

text: reaching

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: Arabic

text: media

text: and

text: religious

text: education

text: Somalia

text: and

text: Djibouti

text: are

text: also

text: both

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: League

question: Other than Somali, what is an official language of Somalia?

answer: Arabic

text: Arabic

question: To what language family does Arabic belong?

answer: Afro-Asiatic

text: Afro-Asiatic

question: In what neighboring country is Arabic also an official language?

answer: Djibouti

text: Djibouti

question: What organization do both Djibouti and Somalia belong to?

answer: the Arab League

text: the Arab League

question: For how long has Somalia had connections to the Arab world?

answer: centuries

text: centuries


text: Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.

title: Dutch_Republic

title: Dutch_Republic

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: Low

text: Countries

text: had

text: come

text: under

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Burgundy

text: and

text: subsequently

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Habsburg

text: In

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Emperor

text: Charles

text: V

text: issued

text: the

text: Pragmatic

text: Sanction

text: which

text: further

text: unified

text: the

text: Seventeen

text: Provinces

text: under

text: his

text: rule

text: Charles

text: was

text: succeeded

text: by

text: his

text: son

text: King

text: Philip

text: II

text: of

text: Spain

text: In

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: led

text: by

text: William

text: I

text: of

text: Orange

text: revolted

text: against

text: Philip

text: II

text: because

text: of

text: high

text: taxes

text: persecution

text: of

text: Protestants

text: by

text: the

text: government

text: and

text: Philip

text: 's

text: efforts

text: to

text: modernize

text: and

text: centralize

text: the

text: devolved

text: medieval

text: government

text: structures

text: of

text: the

text: provinces

text: This

text: was

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Eighty

text: Years

text: War

question: The majority of the Low Countries were ruled by which houses?

answer: the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg

text: the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg

question: Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction?

answer: Holy Roman Emperor Charles V

text: Holy Roman Emperor Charles V

question: In what year did the Netherlands rise up against Philip II?

answer: 1568

question: Why did the people of the Netherlands rise up against Philip II?

answer: high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces

text: high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces


text: Earth's surface and the clouds absorb visible and invisible radiation from the sun and re-emit much of the energy as infrared back to atmosphere. Certain substances in the atmosphere, chiefly cloud droplets and water vapor, but also carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, and chlorofluorocarbons, absorb this infrared, and re-radiate it in all directions including back to Earth. Thus, the greenhouse effect keeps the atmosphere and surface much warmer than if the infrared absorbers were absent from the atmosphere.

title: Infrared

title: Infrared

text: Earth

text: 's

text: surface

text: and

text: the

text: clouds

text: absorb

text: visible

text: and

text: invisible

text: radiation

text: from

text: the

text: sun

text: and

text: re

text: emit

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: energy

text: as

text: infrared

text: back

text: to

text: atmosphere

text: Certain

text: substances

text: in

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: chiefly

text: cloud

text: droplets

text: and

text: water

text: vapor

text: but

text: also

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: methane

text: nitrous

text: oxide

text: sulfur

text: hexafluoride

text: and

text: chlorofluorocarbons

text: absorb

text: this

text: infrared

text: and

text: re

text: radiate

text: it

text: in

text: all

text: directions

text: including

text: back

text: to

text: Earth

text: Thus

text: the

text: greenhouse

text: effect

text: keeps

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: and

text: surface

text: much

text: warmer

text: than

text: if

text: the

text: infrared

text: absorbers

text: were

text: absent

text: from

text: the

text: atmosphere

question: Along with the surface of the Earth, what objects absorb radiation from the sun?

answer: clouds

text: clouds

question: After Earth surface's absorbs radiation, in what spectrum is much of it re-emitted?

answer: infrared

text: infrared

question: Along with water vapor, what atmospheric substance primarily absorbs the infrared emitted by the Earth?

answer: cloud droplets

text: cloud droplets

question: What notable warming effect does the presence of infrared absorbers contribute to?

answer: greenhouse

text: greenhouse


text: Delhi Metro is being built and operated by the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited (DMRC), a state-owned company with equal equity participation from Government of India and Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi. However, the organisation is under administrative control of Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India. Besides construction and operation of Delhi metro, DMRC is also involved in the planning and implementation of metro rail, monorail and high-speed rail projects in India and providing consultancy services to other metro projects in the country as well as abroad. The Delhi Metro project was spearheaded by Padma Vibhushan E. Sreedharan, the Managing Director of DMRC and popularly known as the "Metro Man" of India. He famously resigned from DMRC, taking moral responsibility for a metro bridge collapse which took five lives. Sreedharan was awarded with the prestigious Legion of Honour by the French Government for his contribution to Delhi Metro.

title: New_Delhi

title: New_Delhi

text: Delhi

text: Metro

text: is

text: being

text: built

text: and

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: Delhi

text: Metro

text: Rail

text: Corporation

text: Limited

text: DMRC

text: a

text: state

text: owned

text: company

text: with

text: equal

text: equity

text: participation

text: from

text: Government

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: Government

text: of

text: National

text: Capital

text: Territory

text: of

text: Delhi

text: However

text: the

text: organisation

text: is

text: under

text: administrative

text: control

text: of

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Urban

text: Development

text: Government

text: of

text: India

text: Besides

text: construction

text: and

text: operation

text: of

text: Delhi

text: metro

text: DMRC

text: is

text: also

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: planning

text: and

text: implementation

text: of

text: metro

text: rail

text: monorail

text: and

text: high

text: speed

text: rail

text: projects

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: providing

text: consultancy

text: services

text: to

text: other

text: metro

text: projects

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: abroad

text: The

text: Delhi

text: Metro

text: project

text: was

text: spearheaded

text: by

text: Padma

text: Vibhushan

text: E.

text: Sreedharan

text: the

text: Managing

text: Director

text: of

text: DMRC

text: and

text: popularly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Metro

text: Man

text: of

text: India

text: He

text: famously

text: resigned

text: from

text: DMRC

text: taking

text: moral

text: responsibility

text: for

text: a

text: metro

text: bridge

text: collapse

text: which

text: took

text: five

text: lives

text: Sreedharan

text: was

text: awarded

text: with

text: the

text: prestigious

text: Legion

text: of

text: Honour

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: Government

text: for

text: his

text: contribution

text: to

text: Delhi

text: Metro

question: What organization operates the Delhi Metro system?

answer: Delhi Metro Rail Corporation

text: Delhi Metro Rail Corporation

question: The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation operates under the administrative control of what government body?

answer: Ministry of Urban Development

text: Ministry of Urban Development

question: The Delhi Metro project was spearheaded by what Indian government figure?

answer: Padma Vibhushan E. Sreedharan

text: Padma Vibhushan E. Sreedharan

question: Padma Vibhushan E. Sreedharan was popularly known by what nickname?

answer: "Metro Man"

text: "Metro Man"

question: What major award was given to Padma Vibhushan E. Sreedharan for his contribution the the Delhi Metro?

answer: Legion of Honour

text: Legion of Honour


text: Just as artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci – partaking of the zeitgeist though not himself a humanist – advocated study of human anatomy, nature, and weather to enrich Renaissance works of art, so Spanish-born humanist Juan Luis Vives (c. 1493–1540) advocated observation, craft, and practical techniques to improve the formal teaching of Aristotelian philosophy at the universities, helping to free them from the grip of Medieval Scholasticism. Thus, the stage was set for the adoption of an approach to natural philosophy, based on empirical observations and experimentation of the physical universe, making possible the advent of the age of scientific inquiry that followed the Renaissance.

title: Humanism

title: Humanism

text: Just

text: as

text: artist

text: and

text: inventor

text: Leonardo

text: da

text: Vinci

text: partaking

text: of

text: the

text: zeitgeist

text: though

text: not

text: himself

text: a

text: humanist

text: advocated

text: study

text: of

text: human

text: anatomy

text: nature

text: and

text: weather

text: to

text: enrich

text: Renaissance

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: so

text: Spanish

text: born

text: humanist

text: Juan

text: Luis

text: Vives

text: c.

text: advocated

text: observation

text: craft

text: and

text: practical

text: techniques

text: to

text: improve

text: the

text: formal

text: teaching

text: of

text: Aristotelian

text: philosophy

text: at

text: the

text: universities

text: helping

text: to

text: free

text: them

text: from

text: the

text: grip

text: of

text: Medieval

text: Scholasticism

text: Thus

text: the

text: stage

text: was

text: set

text: for

text: the

text: adoption

text: of

text: an

text: approach

text: to

text: natural

text: philosophy

text: based

text: on

text: empirical

text: observations

text: and

text: experimentation

text: of

text: the

text: physical

text: universe

text: making

text: possible

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: scientific

text: inquiry

text: that

text: followed

text: the

text: Renaissance

question: Who felt that the further examination and knowledge of studies in the arena of humanism could further art?

answer: Leonardo da Vinci

text: Leonardo da Vinci

question: Who helped to further the movement away from Scholasticism of the time?

answer: Juan Luis Vives

text: Juan Luis Vives

question: Where did this initiate?

answer: universities

text: universities

question: What type of philosophy was essential to this forwarding of thought?

answer: Aristotelian

text: Aristotelian


text: Gaddafi was later infuriated when Egypt and Syria planned the Yom Kippur War against Israel without consulting him, and was angered when Egypt conceded to peace talks rather than continuing the war. Gaddafi become openly hostile to Egypt's leader, calling for Sadat's overthrow, and when Sudanese President Gaafar Nimeiry took Sadat's side, Gaddafi by 1975 sponsored the Sudan People's Liberation Army to overthrow Nimeiry. Focusing his attention elsewhere in Africa, in late 1972 and early 1973, Libya invaded Chad to annex the uranium-rich Aouzou Strip. Offering financial incentives, he successfully convinced 8 African states to break off diplomatic relations with Israel in 1973. Intent on propagating Islam, in 1973 Gaddafi founded the Islamic Call Society, which had opened 132 centres across Africa within a decade. In 1973 he converted Gabonese President Omar Bongo, an action which he repeated three years later with Jean-Bédel Bokassa, president of the Central African Republic.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: Gaddafi

text: was

text: later

text: infuriated

text: when

text: Egypt

text: and

text: Syria

text: planned

text: the

text: Yom

text: Kippur

text: War

text: against

text: Israel

text: without

text: consulting

text: him

text: and

text: was

text: angered

text: when

text: Egypt

text: conceded

text: to

text: peace

text: talks

text: rather

text: than

text: continuing

text: the

text: war

text: Gaddafi

text: become

text: openly

text: hostile

text: to

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: leader

text: calling

text: for

text: Sadat

text: 's

text: overthrow

text: and

text: when

text: Sudanese

text: President

text: Gaafar

text: Nimeiry

text: took

text: Sadat

text: 's

text: side

text: Gaddafi

text: by

text: sponsored

text: the

text: Sudan

text: People

text: 's

text: Liberation

text: Army

text: to

text: overthrow

text: Nimeiry

text: Focusing

text: his

text: attention

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: Africa

text: in

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: Libya

text: invaded

text: Chad

text: to

text: annex

text: the

text: uranium

text: rich

text: Aouzou

text: Strip

text: Offering

text: financial

text: incentives

text: he

text: successfully

text: convinced

text: African

text: states

text: to

text: break

text: off

text: diplomatic

text: relations

text: with

text: Israel

text: in

text: Intent

text: on

text: propagating

text: Islam

text: in

text: Gaddafi

text: founded

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Call

text: Society

text: which

text: had

text: opened

text: centres

text: across

text: Africa

text: within

text: a

text: decade

text: In

text: he

text: converted

text: Gabonese

text: President

text: Omar

text: Bongo

text: an

text: action

text: which

text: he

text: repeated

text: three

text: years

text: later

text: with

text: Jean

text: Bédel

text: Bokassa

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

question: Who was allied with Egypt during the Yom Kippur War?

answer: Syria

text: Syria

question: Who was the president of Sudan in 1975?

answer: Gaafar Nimeiry

text: Gaafar Nimeiry

question: What revolutionary group sought to overthrow the president of Sudan?

answer: Sudan People's Liberation Army

text: Sudan People's Liberation Army

question: Prior to the Libyan invasion, what country was the Aouzou Strip a part of?

answer: Chad

text: Chad

question: What element did the Aouzou Strip possess a great deal of?

answer: uranium

text: uranium


text: In principle, the Planck constant could be determined by examining the spectrum of a black-body radiator or the kinetic energy of photoelectrons, and this is how its value was first calculated in the early twentieth century. In practice, these are no longer the most accurate methods. The CODATA value quoted here is based on three watt-balance measurements of KJ2RK and one inter-laboratory determination of the molar volume of silicon, but is mostly determined by a 2007 watt-balance measurement made at the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Five other measurements by three different methods were initially considered, but not included in the final refinement as they were too imprecise to affect the result.

title: Planck_constant

title: Planck_constant

text: In

text: principle

text: the

text: Planck

text: constant

text: could

text: be

text: determined

text: by

text: examining

text: the

text: spectrum

text: of

text: a

text: black

text: body

text: radiator

text: or

text: the

text: kinetic

text: energy

text: of

text: photoelectrons

text: and

text: this

text: is

text: how

text: its

text: value

text: was

text: first

text: calculated

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: twentieth

text: century

text: In

text: practice

text: these

text: are

text: no

text: longer

text: the

text: most

text: accurate

text: methods

text: The

text: CODATA

text: value

text: quoted

text: here

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: three

text: watt

text: balance

text: measurements

text: of

text: and

text: one

text: inter

text: laboratory

text: determination

text: of

text: the

text: molar

text: volume

text: of

text: silicon

text: but

text: is

text: mostly

text: determined

text: by

text: a

text: watt

text: balance

text: measurement

text: made

text: at

text: the

text: U.S.

text: National

text: Institute

text: of

text: Standards

text: and

text: Technology

text: NIST

text: Five

text: other

text: measurements

text: by

text: three

text: different

text: methods

text: were

text: initially

text: considered

text: but

text: not

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: final

text: refinement

text: as

text: they

text: were

text: too

text: imprecise

text: to

text: affect

text: the

text: result

question: How was the Planck constant calculated in the early 20th century?

answer: the Planck constant could be determined by examining the spectrum of a black-body radiator or the kinetic energy of photoelectrons

text: the Planck constant could be determined by examining the spectrum of a black-body radiator or the kinetic energy of photoelectrons

question: The value quoted here for the Planck constant is based on a measurement in what year?

answer: 2007

question: Where was this measurement made?

answer: the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

text: the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

question: What method was was used to obtain the measurement?

answer: watt-balance measurement

text: watt-balance measurement

question: One other measure involved the molar volume of what element?

answer: silicon

text: silicon


text: A key aspect of the Gates Foundation's U.S. efforts involves an overhaul of the country's education policies at both the K-12 and college levels, including support for teacher evaluations and charter schools and opposition to seniority-based layoffs and other aspects of the education system that are typically backed by teachers' unions. It spent $373 million on education in 2009. It has also donated to the two largest national teachers' unions. The foundation was the biggest early backer of the Common Core State Standards Initiative.

title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

text: A

text: key

text: aspect

text: of

text: the

text: Gates

text: Foundation

text: 's

text: U.S.

text: efforts

text: involves

text: an

text: overhaul

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: education

text: policies

text: at

text: both

text: the

text: and

text: college

text: levels

text: including

text: support

text: for

text: teacher

text: evaluations

text: and

text: charter

text: schools

text: and

text: opposition

text: to

text: seniority

text: based

text: layoffs

text: and

text: other

text: aspects

text: of

text: the

text: education

text: system

text: that

text: are

text: typically

text: backed

text: by

text: teachers

text: unions

text: It

text: spent

text: million

text: on

text: education

text: in

text: It

text: has

text: also

text: donated

text: to

text: the

text: two

text: largest

text: national

text: teachers

text: unions

text: The

text: foundation

text: was

text: the

text: biggest

text: early

text: backer

text: of

text: the

text: Common

text: Core

text: State

text: Standards

text: Initiative

question: what is a key aspect of the gates foundation in the US

answer: A key aspect of the Gates Foundation's U.S. efforts involves an overhaul of the country's education policies at both the K-12 and college levels

text: A key aspect of the Gates Foundation's U.S. efforts involves an overhaul of the country's education policies at both the K-12 and college levels

question: What do these efforts include

answer: including support for teacher evaluations and charter schools and opposition to seniority-based layoffs

text: including support for teacher evaluations and charter schools and opposition to seniority-based layoffs

question: how much did it spend in 2009

answer: It spent $373 million on education in 2009.

text: It spent $373 million on education in 2009.

question: It was an early backer of what

answer: The foundation was the biggest early backer of the Common Core State Standards Initiative.

text: The foundation was the biggest early backer of the Common Core State Standards Initiative.


text: The Council of Trent approved a plan in 1563 for correcting the calendrical errors, requiring that the date of the vernal equinox be restored to that which it held at the time of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 and that an alteration to the calendar be designed to prevent future drift. This would allow for a more consistent and accurate scheduling of the feast of Easter. In 1577, a Compendium was sent to expert mathematicians outside the reform commission for comments. Some of these experts, including Giambattista Benedetti and Giuseppe Moleto, believed Easter should be computed from the true motions of the sun and moon, rather than using a tabular method, but these recommendations were not adopted. The reform adopted was a modification of a proposal made by the Calabrian doctor Aloysius Lilius (or Lilio).

title: Gregorian_calendar

title: Gregorian_calendar

text: The

text: Council

text: of

text: Trent

text: approved

text: a

text: plan

text: in

text: for

text: correcting

text: the

text: calendrical

text: errors

text: requiring

text: that

text: the

text: date

text: of

text: the

text: vernal

text: equinox

text: be

text: restored

text: to

text: that

text: which

text: it

text: held

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: Council

text: of

text: Nicaea

text: in

text: and

text: that

text: an

text: alteration

text: to

text: the

text: calendar

text: be

text: designed

text: to

text: prevent

text: future

text: drift

text: This

text: would

text: allow

text: for

text: a

text: more

text: consistent

text: and

text: accurate

text: scheduling

text: of

text: the

text: feast

text: of

text: Easter

text: In

text: a

text: Compendium

text: was

text: sent

text: to

text: expert

text: mathematicians

text: outside

text: the

text: reform

text: commission

text: for

text: comments

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: experts

text: including

text: Giambattista

text: Benedetti

text: and

text: Giuseppe

text: Moleto

text: believed

text: Easter

text: should

text: be

text: computed

text: from

text: the

text: true

text: motions

text: of

text: the

text: sun

text: and

text: moon

text: rather

text: than

text: using

text: a

text: tabular

text: method

text: but

text: these

text: recommendations

text: were

text: not

text: adopted

text: The

text: reform

text: adopted

text: was

text: a

text: modification

text: of

text: a

text: proposal

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: Calabrian

text: doctor

text: Aloysius

text: Lilius

text: or

text: Lilio

question: When did the Council of Trent agree to the corrected calendar?

answer: 1563

question: To what time did the Council require the date of the vernal equinox to be set?

answer: 325

question: What did mathematicians of the time want to use to set the date of Easter?

answer: motions of the sun and moon

text: motions of the sun and moon

question: What method was used instead of computations of the sun and moon?

answer: tabular method

text: tabular method

question: Whose modified proposal was adopted?

answer: Aloysius Lilius

text: Aloysius Lilius


text: Even as animal domestication became relatively widespread and after the development of agriculture, hunting was usually a significant contributor to the human food supply. The supplementary meat and materials from hunting included protein, bone for implements, sinew for cordage, fur, feathers, rawhide and leather used in clothing. Man's earliest hunting weapons would have included rocks, spears, the atlatl, and bows and arrows. Hunting is still vital in marginal climates, especially those unsuited for pastoral uses or agriculture.[citation needed] For example, Inuit people in the Arctic trap and hunt animals for clothing and use the skins of sea mammals to make kayaks, clothing, and footwear.

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: Even

text: as

text: animal

text: domestication

text: became

text: relatively

text: widespread

text: and

text: after

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: agriculture

text: hunting

text: was

text: usually

text: a

text: significant

text: contributor

text: to

text: the

text: human

text: food

text: supply

text: The

text: supplementary

text: meat

text: and

text: materials

text: from

text: hunting

text: included

text: protein

text: bone

text: for

text: implements

text: sinew

text: for

text: cordage

text: fur

text: feathers

text: rawhide

text: and

text: leather

text: used

text: in

text: clothing

text: Man

text: 's

text: earliest

text: hunting

text: weapons

text: would

text: have

text: included

text: rocks

text: spears

text: the

text: atlatl

text: and

text: bows

text: and

text: arrows

text: Hunting

text: is

text: still

text: vital

text: in

text: marginal

text: climates

text: especially

text: those

text: unsuited

text: for

text: pastoral

text: uses

text: or

text: agriculture.[citation

text: needed

text: For

text: example

text: Inuit

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: Arctic

text: trap

text: and

text: hunt

text: animals

text: for

text: clothing

text: and

text: use

text: the

text: skins

text: of

text: sea

text: mammals

text: to

text: make

text: kayaks

text: clothing

text: and

text: footwear

question: What was a significant contributor to the human food supply?

answer: hunting

text: hunting

question: What did the supplementary meat from hunting include?

answer: protein, bone for implements, sinew for cordage, fur, feathers, rawhide and leather

text: protein, bone for implements, sinew for cordage, fur, feathers, rawhide and leather

question: What was the leather from hunting used for?

answer: clothing

text: clothing

question: Rocks and spears are examples of some of man's earliest what?

answer: hunting weapons

text: hunting weapons

question: Where is hunting still vital?

answer: marginal climates

text: marginal climates

question: Hunt was a significant contributor to what?

answer: human food supply

text: human food supply

question: Where is hunting still vital?

answer: marginal climates

text: marginal climates

question: Why is hunting still vital in marginal climates?

answer: unsuited for pastoral uses or agriculture

text: unsuited for pastoral uses or agriculture

question: How are the skins of sea mammals useful for people in the Arctic trap?

answer: make kayaks, clothing, and footwear

text: make kayaks, clothing, and footwear


text: Tourism also composes a large part of Boston's economy, with 21.2 million domestic and international visitors spending $8.3 billion in 2011; excluding visitors from Canada and Mexico, over 1.4 million international tourists visited Boston in 2014, with those from China and the United Kingdom leading the list. Boston's status as a state capital as well as the regional home of federal agencies has rendered law and government to be another major component of the city's economy. The city is a major seaport along the United States' East Coast and the oldest continuously operated industrial and fishing port in the Western Hemisphere.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Tourism

text: also

text: composes

text: a

text: large

text: part

text: of

text: Boston

text: 's

text: economy

text: with

text: million

text: domestic

text: and

text: international

text: visitors

text: spending

text: billion

text: in

text: excluding

text: visitors

text: from

text: Canada

text: and

text: Mexico

text: over

text: million

text: international

text: tourists

text: visited

text: Boston

text: in

text: with

text: those

text: from

text: China

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: leading

text: the

text: list

text: Boston

text: 's

text: status

text: as

text: a

text: state

text: capital

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: regional

text: home

text: of

text: federal

text: agencies

text: has

text: rendered

text: law

text: and

text: government

text: to

text: be

text: another

text: major

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: economy

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: seaport

text: along

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: East

text: Coast

text: and

text: the

text: oldest

text: continuously

text: operated

text: industrial

text: and

text: fishing

text: port

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: Hemisphere

question: A large part of Boston's economy is made up of what?

answer: Tourism

text: Tourism

question: How many tourists visited Boston in 2011?

answer: 21.2 million

text: 21.2 million

question: How much did tourists spend in Boston in 2011?

answer: $8.3 billion

text: $8.3 billion

question: What year did the number of Tourists from china and the UK top the list?

answer: 2014


text: On May 30, 2006, Taylor Hicks was named American Idol, with Katharine McPhee the runner-up. "Do I Make You Proud" was released as Hicks' first single and McPhee's was "My Destiny".

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: On

text: May

text: Taylor

text: Hicks

text: was

text: named

text: American

text: Idol

text: with

text: Katharine

text: McPhee

text: the

text: runner

text: up

text: Do

text: I

text: Make

text: You

text: Proud

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: Hicks

text: first

text: single

text: and

text: McPhee

text: 's

text: was

text: My

text: Destiny

question: Who was the winner American Idol in 2006?

answer: Taylor Hicks

text: Taylor Hicks

question: What was the name of the first song that Taylor Hicks released after winning American Idol?

answer: Do I Make You Proud

text: Do I Make You Proud

question: What was the first song that Katherine McPhee released after coming in second on American Idol?

answer: My Destiny

text: My Destiny

question: When was the winner announced?

answer: May 30, 2006

text: May 30, 2006

question: Who was the winner for this season?

answer: Taylor Hicks

text: Taylor Hicks

question: What was Hick's debut single?

answer: Do I Make You Proud

text: Do I Make You Proud

question: What was McPhee's first single?

answer: My Destiny

text: My Destiny


text: The Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered. Frederick occupied Dresden with little or no opposition from the Saxons. At the Battle of Lobositz on 1 October 1756, Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne. The Prussians then occupied Saxony; after the Siege of Pirna, the Saxon army surrendered in October 1756, and was forcibly incorporated into the Prussian army. The attack on neutral Saxony caused outrage across Europe and led to the strengthening of the anti-Prussian coalition. The only significant Austrian success was the partial occupation of Silesia. Far from being easy, Frederick's early successes proved indecisive and very costly for Prussia's smaller army. This led him to remark that he did not fight the same Austrians as he had during the previous war.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: The

text: Saxon

text: and

text: Austrian

text: armies

text: were

text: unprepared

text: and

text: their

text: forces

text: were

text: scattered

text: Frederick

text: occupied

text: Dresden

text: with

text: little

text: or

text: no

text: opposition

text: from

text: the

text: Saxons

text: At

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Lobositz

text: on

text: October

text: Frederick

text: prevented

text: the

text: isolated

text: Saxon

text: army

text: from

text: being

text: reinforced

text: by

text: an

text: Austrian

text: army

text: under

text: General

text: Browne

text: The

text: Prussians

text: then

text: occupied

text: Saxony

text: after

text: the

text: Siege

text: of

text: Pirna

text: the

text: Saxon

text: army

text: surrendered

text: in

text: October

text: and

text: was

text: forcibly

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: Prussian

text: army

text: The

text: attack

text: on

text: neutral

text: Saxony

text: caused

text: outrage

text: across

text: Europe

text: and

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: strengthening

text: of

text: the

text: anti

text: Prussian

text: coalition

text: The

text: only

text: significant

text: Austrian

text: success

text: was

text: the

text: partial

text: occupation

text: of

text: Silesia

text: Far

text: from

text: being

text: easy

text: Frederick

text: 's

text: early

text: successes

text: proved

text: indecisive

text: and

text: very

text: costly

text: for

text: Prussia

text: 's

text: smaller

text: army

text: This

text: led

text: him

text: to

text: remark

text: that

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: fight

text: the

text: same

text: Austrians

text: as

text: he

text: had

text: during

text: the

text: previous

text: war

question: How much resistance did Frederick encounter in Saxon?

answer: Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered.

text: Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered.

question: What reinforcements were the Saxons expecting?

answer: Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne

text: Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne

question: What happened to the Saxon army?

answer: Saxon army surrendered in October 1756, and was forcibly incorporated into the Prussian army

text: Saxon army surrendered in October 1756, and was forcibly incorporated into the Prussian army

question: What was the result of the fury of Europe?

answer: led to the strengthening of the anti-Prussian coalition

text: led to the strengthening of the anti-Prussian coalition

question: What characteristic of Saxony caused Europe to be mad?

answer: attack on neutral Saxony caused outrage

text: attack on neutral Saxony caused outrage


text: Arts & Sciences at Washington University comprises three divisions: the College of Arts & Sciences, the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences, and University College in Arts & Sciences. Barbara Schaal is Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Sciences. James E. McLeod was the Vice Chancellor for Students and Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences; according to a University news release he died at the University's Barnes-Jewish Hospital on Tuesday, September 6, 2011 of renal failure as a result of a two-year-long struggle with cancer. Richard J. Smith is Dean of the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences.

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

text: Arts

text: Sciences

text: at

text: Washington

text: University

text: comprises

text: three

text: divisions

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Arts

text: Sciences

text: the

text: Graduate

text: School

text: of

text: Arts

text: Sciences

text: and

text: University

text: College

text: in

text: Arts

text: Sciences

text: Barbara

text: Schaal

text: is

text: Dean

text: of

text: the

text: Faculty

text: of

text: Arts

text: Sciences

text: James

text: E.

text: McLeod

text: was

text: the

text: Vice

text: Chancellor

text: for

text: Students

text: and

text: Dean

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Arts

text: Sciences

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: University

text: news

text: release

text: he

text: died

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: 's

text: Barnes

text: Jewish

text: Hospital

text: on

text: Tuesday

text: September

text: of

text: renal

text: failure

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: a

text: two

text: year

text: long

text: struggle

text: with

text: cancer

text: Richard

text: J.

text: Smith

text: is

text: Dean

text: of

text: the

text: Graduate

text: School

text: of

text: Arts

text: Sciences

question: How many divisions make up Arts & Sciences at Washington University?

answer: three divisions

text: three divisions

question: Who is the Dean of Faculty of Arts & Sciences at Washington University?

answer: Barbara Schaal

text: Barbara Schaal

question: When did James Mcleod pass away?

answer: September 6, 2011

text: September 6, 2011

question: What positions did James Mcleod hold at Washington University?

answer: Vice Chancellor for Students and Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences

text: Vice Chancellor for Students and Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences

question: What position does Richard J. Smith hold at Washington University?

answer: Dean of the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences.

text: Dean of the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences.


text: In accordance with tradition, they sign by placing the title "Cardinal" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname as, for instance, "John Card(inal) Doe" or, in Latin, "Ioannes Card(inalis) Cognomen". Some writers, such as James-Charles Noonan, hold that, in the case of cardinals, the form used for signatures should be used also when referring to them in English. Official sources such as the Archdiocese of Milwaukee and Catholic News Service say that the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English is normally as "Cardinal [First name] [Surname]". This is the rule given also in stylebooks not associated with the Catholic Church. This style is also generally followed on the websites of the Holy See and episcopal conferences. Oriental Patriarchs who are created Cardinals customarily use "Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis" as their full title, probably because they do not belong to the Roman clergy.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: In

text: accordance

text: with

text: tradition

text: they

text: sign

text: by

text: placing

text: the

text: title

text: Cardinal

text: abbreviated

text: Card

text: after

text: their

text: personal

text: name

text: and

text: before

text: their

text: surname

text: as

text: for

text: instance

text: John

text: Card(inal

text: Doe

text: or

text: in

text: Latin

text: Ioannes

text: Card(inalis

text: Cognomen

text: Some

text: writers

text: such

text: as

text: James

text: Charles

text: Noonan

text: hold

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: cardinals

text: the

text: form

text: used

text: for

text: signatures

text: should

text: be

text: used

text: also

text: when

text: referring

text: to

text: them

text: in

text: English

text: Official

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Archdiocese

text: of

text: Milwaukee

text: and

text: Catholic

text: News

text: Service

text: say

text: that

text: the

text: correct

text: form

text: for

text: referring

text: to

text: a

text: cardinal

text: in

text: English

text: is

text: normally

text: as

text: Cardinal

text: First

text: name

text: Surname

text: This

text: is

text: the

text: rule

text: given

text: also

text: in

text: stylebooks

text: not

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: This

text: style

text: is

text: also

text: generally

text: followed

text: on

text: the

text: websites

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: See

text: and

text: episcopal

text: conferences

text: Oriental

text: Patriarchs

text: who

text: are

text: created

text: Cardinals

text: customarily

text: use

text: Sanctae

text: Ecclesiae

text: Cardinalis

text: as

text: their

text: full

text: title

text: probably

text: because

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: Roman

text: clergy

question: The Archdiocese of Milwaukee says that the correct way to address a cardinal in English is?

answer: "Cardinal [First name] [Surname]"

text: "Cardinal [First name] [Surname]"

question: What is the proper way to address a cardinal according to the Archdiocese of Milwaukee?

answer: Cardinal [First name] [Surname]

text: Cardinal [First name] [Surname]

question: How do cardinals sign traditionally?

answer: by placing the title "Cardinal" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname

text: by placing the title "Cardinal" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname

question: How do Oriental Patriarchs sign?

answer: Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis

text: Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis

question: Why do Oriental Patriarchs sign this way?

answer: because they do not belong to the Roman clergy

text: because they do not belong to the Roman clergy


text: The England national football team represents England and the Crown Dependencies of Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man for football matches as part of FIFA-authorised events, and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football in England. England are one of the two oldest national teams in football; alongside Scotland, whom they played in the world's first international football match in 1872. England's home ground is Wembley Stadium, London, and the current team manager is Roy Hodgson.

title: England_national_football_team

title: England_national_football_team

text: The

text: England

text: national

text: football

text: team

text: represents

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: Crown

text: Dependencies

text: of

text: Jersey

text: Guernsey

text: and

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Man

text: for

text: football

text: matches

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: FIFA

text: authorised

text: events

text: and

text: is

text: controlled

text: by

text: The

text: Football

text: Association

text: the

text: governing

text: body

text: for

text: football

text: in

text: England

text: England

text: are

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: oldest

text: national

text: teams

text: in

text: football

text: alongside

text: Scotland

text: whom

text: they

text: played

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: international

text: football

text: match

text: in

text: England

text: 's

text: home

text: ground

text: is

text: Wembley

text: Stadium

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: current

text: team

text: manager

text: is

text: Roy

text: Hodgson

question: Which governing body controls the England national football team?

answer: The Football Association

text: The Football Association

question: Which other team, besides England, is one of the  two oldest national teams in football?

answer: Scotland

text: Scotland

question: In what year did England and Scotland play the world's first international football match?

answer: 1872

question: What is the name of England's home field in London?

answer: Wembley Stadium

text: Wembley Stadium

question: Who is the current team manager of England's football team?

answer: Roy Hodgson

text: Roy Hodgson


text: In literary contexts, Apollo represents harmony, order, and reason—characteristics contrasted with those of Dionysus, god of wine, who represents ecstasy and disorder. The contrast between the roles of these gods is reflected in the adjectives Apollonian and Dionysian. However, the Greeks thought of the two qualities as complementary: the two gods are brothers, and when Apollo at winter left for Hyperborea, he would leave the Delphic oracle to Dionysus. This contrast appears to be shown on the two sides of the Borghese Vase.

title: Apollo

title: Apollo

text: In

text: literary

text: contexts

text: Apollo

text: represents

text: harmony

text: order

text: and

text: reason

text: characteristics

text: contrasted

text: with

text: those

text: of

text: Dionysus

text: god

text: of

text: wine

text: who

text: represents

text: ecstasy

text: and

text: disorder

text: The

text: contrast

text: between

text: the

text: roles

text: of

text: these

text: gods

text: is

text: reflected

text: in

text: the

text: adjectives

text: Apollonian

text: and

text: Dionysian

text: However

text: the

text: Greeks

text: thought

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: qualities

text: as

text: complementary

text: the

text: two

text: gods

text: are

text: brothers

text: and

text: when

text: Apollo

text: at

text: winter

text: left

text: for

text: Hyperborea

text: he

text: would

text: leave

text: the

text: Delphic

text: oracle

text: to

text: Dionysus

text: This

text: contrast

text: appears

text: to

text: be

text: shown

text: on

text: the

text: two

text: sides

text: of

text: the

text: Borghese

text: Vase

question: Who was the god of wine?

answer: Dionysus

text: Dionysus

question: In literary contexts, who represents harmony, order and reason?

answer: Apollo

text: Apollo

question: Where did Apollo go in winter?

answer: Hyperborea

text: Hyperborea


text: Von Neumann was the first to establish a rigorous mathematical framework for quantum mechanics, known as the Dirac–von Neumann axioms, with his 1932 work Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. After having completed the axiomatization of set theory, he began to confront the axiomatization of quantum mechanics. He realized, in 1926, that a state of a quantum system could be represented by a point in a (complex) Hilbert space that, in general, could be infinite-dimensional even for a single particle. In this formalism of quantum mechanics, observable quantities such as position or momentum are represented as linear operators acting on the Hilbert space associated with the quantum system.

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: establish

text: a

text: rigorous

text: mathematical

text: framework

text: for

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Dirac

text: von

text: Neumann

text: axioms

text: with

text: his

text: work

text: Mathematical

text: Foundations

text: of

text: Quantum

text: Mechanics

text: After

text: having

text: completed

text: the

text: axiomatization

text: of

text: set

text: theory

text: he

text: began

text: to

text: confront

text: the

text: axiomatization

text: of

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: He

text: realized

text: in

text: that

text: a

text: state

text: of

text: a

text: quantum

text: system

text: could

text: be

text: represented

text: by

text: a

text: point

text: in

text: a

text: complex

text: Hilbert

text: space

text: that

text: in

text: general

text: could

text: be

text: infinite

text: dimensional

text: even

text: for

text: a

text: single

text: particle

text: In

text: this

text: formalism

text: of

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: observable

text: quantities

text: such

text: as

text: position

text: or

text: momentum

text: are

text: represented

text: as

text: linear

text: operators

text: acting

text: on

text: the

text: Hilbert

text: space

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: quantum

text: system

question: Who established the framework for quantum mechanics?

answer: Von Neumann

text: Von Neumann

question: What paper did von Neumann produce in 1932?

answer: Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics

text: Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics

question: What von Neumann work preceded the axiomatiztion of quatum mechanics?

answer: axiomatization of set theory

text: axiomatization of set theory