text: When the alloy cools and solidifies (crystallizes), its mechanical properties will often be quite different from those of its individual constituents. A metal that is normally very soft and malleable, such as aluminium, can be altered by alloying it with another soft metal, like copper. Although both metals are very soft and ductile, the resulting aluminium alloy will be much harder and stronger. Adding a small amount of non-metallic carbon to iron produces an alloy called steel. Due to its very-high strength and toughness (which is much higher than pure iron), and its ability to be greatly altered by heat treatment, steel is one of the most common alloys in modern use. By adding chromium to steel, its resistance to corrosion can be enhanced, creating stainless steel, while adding silicon will alter its electrical characteristics, producing silicon steel.

title: Alloy

title: Alloy

text: When

text: the

text: alloy

text: cools

text: and

text: solidifies

text: crystallizes

text: its

text: mechanical

text: properties

text: will

text: often

text: be

text: quite

text: different

text: from

text: those

text: of

text: its

text: individual

text: constituents

text: A

text: metal

text: that

text: is

text: normally

text: very

text: soft

text: and

text: malleable

text: such

text: as

text: aluminium

text: can

text: be

text: altered

text: by

text: alloying

text: it

text: with

text: another

text: soft

text: metal

text: like

text: copper

text: Although

text: both

text: metals

text: are

text: very

text: soft

text: and

text: ductile

text: the

text: resulting

text: aluminium

text: alloy

text: will

text: be

text: much

text: harder

text: and

text: stronger

text: Adding

text: a

text: small

text: amount

text: of

text: non

text: metallic

text: carbon

text: to

text: iron

text: produces

text: an

text: alloy

text: called

text: steel

text: Due

text: to

text: its

text: very

text: high

text: strength

text: and

text: toughness

text: which

text: is

text: much

text: higher

text: than

text: pure

text: iron

text: and

text: its

text: ability

text: to

text: be

text: greatly

text: altered

text: by

text: heat

text: treatment

text: steel

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: alloys

text: in

text: modern

text: use

text: By

text: adding

text: chromium

text: to

text: steel

text: its

text: resistance

text: to

text: corrosion

text: can

text: be

text: enhanced

text: creating

text: stainless

text: steel

text: while

text: adding

text: silicon

text: will

text: alter

text: its

text: electrical

text: characteristics

text: producing

text: silicon

text: steel

question: How is steel produced?

answer: Adding a small amount of non-metallic carbon to iron

text: Adding a small amount of non-metallic carbon to iron

question: What kind of metal is soft like copper?

answer: aluminium

text: aluminium

question: What can be added to steel to enhance is corrosion resistance?

answer: chromium

text: chromium

question: What is superior to pure iron?

answer: steel

text: steel

question: What is another word for when alloys solidify?

answer: crystallizes

text: crystallizes


text: The term child labour can be misleading when it confuses harmful work with employment that may be beneficial to children. It can also ignore harmful work outside employment and any benefits children normally derive from their work. Domestic work is an example: all families but the rich must work at cleaning, cooking, caring, and more to maintain their homes. In most families in the world, this process extends to productive activities, especially herding and various types of agriculture, and to a variety of small family businesses. Where trading is a significant feature of social life, children can start trading in small items at an early age, often in the company of family members or of peers.

title: Child_labour

title: Child_labour

text: The

text: term

text: child

text: labour

text: can

text: be

text: misleading

text: when

text: it

text: confuses

text: harmful

text: work

text: with

text: employment

text: that

text: may

text: be

text: beneficial

text: to

text: children

text: It

text: can

text: also

text: ignore

text: harmful

text: work

text: outside

text: employment

text: and

text: any

text: benefits

text: children

text: normally

text: derive

text: from

text: their

text: work

text: Domestic

text: work

text: is

text: an

text: example

text: all

text: families

text: but

text: the

text: rich

text: must

text: work

text: at

text: cleaning

text: cooking

text: caring

text: and

text: more

text: to

text: maintain

text: their

text: homes

text: In

text: most

text: families

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: this

text: process

text: extends

text: to

text: productive

text: activities

text: especially

text: herding

text: and

text: various

text: types

text: of

text: agriculture

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: small

text: family

text: businesses

text: Where

text: trading

text: is

text: a

text: significant

text: feature

text: of

text: social

text: life

text: children

text: can

text: start

text: trading

text: in

text: small

text: items

text: at

text: an

text: early

text: age

text: often

text: in

text: the

text: company

text: of

text: family

text: members

text: or

text: of

text: peers

question: What is benefical work for children?

answer: Domestic work

text: Domestic work

question: What can children do in countries were trading is involved?

answer: children can start trading in small items at an early age, often in the company of family members or of peers

text: children can start trading in small items at an early age, often in the company of family members or of peers

question: All but what type of children must learn to clean?

answer: rich

text: rich


text: Game players were not the only ones to notice the violence in this game; US Senators Herb Kohl and Joe Lieberman convened a Congressional hearing on December 9, 1993 to investigate the marketing of violent video games to children.[e] While Nintendo took the high ground with moderate success, the hearings led to the creation of the Interactive Digital Software Association and the Entertainment Software Rating Board, and the inclusion of ratings on all video games. With these ratings in place, Nintendo decided its censorship policies were no longer needed.

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: Game

text: players

text: were

text: not

text: the

text: only

text: ones

text: to

text: notice

text: the

text: violence

text: in

text: this

text: game

text: US

text: Senators

text: Herb

text: Kohl

text: and

text: Joe

text: Lieberman

text: convened

text: a

text: Congressional

text: hearing

text: on

text: December

text: to

text: investigate

text: the

text: marketing

text: of

text: violent

text: video

text: games

text: to

text: children.[e

text: While

text: Nintendo

text: took

text: the

text: high

text: ground

text: with

text: moderate

text: success

text: the

text: hearings

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: Interactive

text: Digital

text: Software

text: Association

text: and

text: the

text: Entertainment

text: Software

text: Rating

text: Board

text: and

text: the

text: inclusion

text: of

text: ratings

text: on

text: all

text: video

text: games

text: With

text: these

text: ratings

text: in

text: place

text: Nintendo

text: decided

text: its

text: censorship

text: policies

text: were

text: no

text: longer

text: needed

question: Which senators held a hearing about video game violence in 1993?

answer: Herb Kohl and Joe Lieberman

text: Herb Kohl and Joe Lieberman

question: What was the focus of the hearing about video game violence in 1993?

answer: the marketing of violent video games to children

text: the marketing of violent video games to children

question: What organizations did the hearing about video game violence in 1993 lead to?

answer: the Interactive Digital Software Association and the Entertainment Software Rating Board

text: the Interactive Digital Software Association and the Entertainment Software Rating Board

question: What regulatory change did the hearing about video game violence in 1993 lead to?

answer: the inclusion of ratings on all video games

text: the inclusion of ratings on all video games

question: How did video game ratings affect Nintendo?

answer: Nintendo decided its censorship policies were no longer needed

text: Nintendo decided its censorship policies were no longer needed


text: Often compared to San Francisco due to the hilly terrain and steep maze of residential streets, housing in St. John's is typically painted in bright colours. The city council has implemented strict heritage regulations in the downtown area, including restrictions on the height of buildings. These regulations have caused much controversy over the years. With the city experiencing an economic boom a lack of hotel rooms and office space has seen proposals put forward that do not meet the current height regulations. Heritage advocates argue that the current regulations should be enforced while others believe the regulations should be relaxed to encourage economic development.

title: St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador

title: St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador

text: Often

text: compared

text: to

text: San

text: Francisco

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: hilly

text: terrain

text: and

text: steep

text: maze

text: of

text: residential

text: streets

text: housing

text: in

text: St.

text: John

text: 's

text: is

text: typically

text: painted

text: in

text: bright

text: colours

text: The

text: city

text: council

text: has

text: implemented

text: strict

text: heritage

text: regulations

text: in

text: the

text: downtown

text: area

text: including

text: restrictions

text: on

text: the

text: height

text: of

text: buildings

text: These

text: regulations

text: have

text: caused

text: much

text: controversy

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: With

text: the

text: city

text: experiencing

text: an

text: economic

text: boom

text: a

text: lack

text: of

text: hotel

text: rooms

text: and

text: office

text: space

text: has

text: seen

text: proposals

text: put

text: forward

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: meet

text: the

text: current

text: height

text: regulations

text: Heritage

text: advocates

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: current

text: regulations

text: should

text: be

text: enforced

text: while

text: others

text: believe

text: the

text: regulations

text: should

text: be

text: relaxed

text: to

text: encourage

text: economic

text: development

question: What US city is St. John's often compared to?

answer: San Francisco

text: San Francisco

question: What does the city council have restrictions on in downtown?

answer: height of buildings

text: height of buildings

question: What have the restrictions on the height of buildings caused over the years?

answer: controversy

text: controversy

question: What is the city lacking because of the height restrictions?

answer: hotel rooms and office space

text: hotel rooms and office space


text: After a series of test transmissions and special broadcasts that began in August, regular BBC television broadcasts officially resumed on 1 October 1936, from a converted wing of Alexandra Palace in London, which housed two studios, various scenery stores, make-up areas, dressing rooms, offices, and the transmitter itself, now broadcasting on the VHF band. BBC television initially used two systems, on alternate weeks: the 240-line Baird intermediate film system and the 405-line Marconi-EMI system, each making the BBC the world's first regular high-definition television service, broadcasting Monday to Saturday from 15:00 to 16:00 and 21:00 to 22:00.

title: BBC_Television

title: BBC_Television

text: After

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: test

text: transmissions

text: and

text: special

text: broadcasts

text: that

text: began

text: in

text: August

text: regular

text: BBC

text: television

text: broadcasts

text: officially

text: resumed

text: on

text: October

text: from

text: a

text: converted

text: wing

text: of

text: Alexandra

text: Palace

text: in

text: London

text: which

text: housed

text: two

text: studios

text: various

text: scenery

text: stores

text: make

text: up

text: areas

text: dressing

text: rooms

text: offices

text: and

text: the

text: transmitter

text: itself

text: now

text: broadcasting

text: on

text: the

text: VHF

text: band

text: BBC

text: television

text: initially

text: used

text: two

text: systems

text: on

text: alternate

text: weeks

text: the

text: Baird

text: intermediate

text: film

text: system

text: and

text: the

text: Marconi

text: EMI

text: system

text: each

text: making

text: the

text: BBC

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: regular

text: high

text: definition

text: television

text: service

text: broadcasting

text: Monday

text: to

text: Saturday

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: to

question: Where did the BBC continue broadcasting from in October of 1936?

answer: Alexandra Palace

text: Alexandra Palace

question: What frequency band was used by the BBC starting in 1936?

answer: VHF

text: VHF

question: How many lines did the Baird transmission contain?

answer: 240

question: How many lines did the Marconi-EMI transmission contain?

answer: 405

question: On what days did the BBC provide regular broadcasts?

answer: Monday to Saturday

text: Monday to Saturday


text: In 2013–14 a pornographic actor was trying to remove archived images of himself, first by sending multiple DMCA requests to the Archive and then in the Federal Court of Canada.

title: Wayback_Machine

title: Wayback_Machine

text: In

text: a

text: pornographic

text: actor

text: was

text: trying

text: to

text: remove

text: archived

text: images

text: of

text: himself

text: first

text: by

text: sending

text: multiple

text: DMCA

text: requests

text: to

text: the

text: Archive

text: and

text: then

text: in

text: the

text: Federal

text: Court

text: of

text: Canada

question: What was the first method used by the actor in trying to get his images taken down?

answer: DMCA requests

text: DMCA requests

question: What legal system did the actor use after filing DMCA petitions?

answer: Federal Court of Canada

text: Federal Court of Canada


text: Around the second century BC the first-known city-states emerged in central Myanmar. The city-states were founded as part of the southward migration by the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states, the earliest inhabitants of Myanmar of whom records are extant, from present-day Yunnan. The Pyu culture was heavily influenced by trade with India, importing Buddhism as well as other cultural, architectural and political concepts which would have an enduring influence on later Burmese culture and political organisation.

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: Around

text: the

text: second

text: century

text: BC

text: the

text: first

text: known

text: city

text: states

text: emerged

text: in

text: central

text: Myanmar

text: The

text: city

text: states

text: were

text: founded

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: southward

text: migration

text: by

text: the

text: Tibeto

text: Burman

text: speaking

text: Pyu

text: city

text: states

text: the

text: earliest

text: inhabitants

text: of

text: Myanmar

text: of

text: whom

text: records

text: are

text: extant

text: from

text: present

text: day

text: Yunnan

text: The

text: Pyu

text: culture

text: was

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: trade

text: with

text: India

text: importing

text: Buddhism

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: cultural

text: architectural

text: and

text: political

text: concepts

text: which

text: would

text: have

text: an

text: enduring

text: influence

text: on

text: later

text: Burmese

text: culture

text: and

text: political

text: organisation

question: What period was the first known city states established in Myanmar?

answer: Around the second century BC

text: Around the second century BC

question: From what people have were the first records known to be existent derived from?

answer: from present-day Yunnan

text: from present-day Yunnan

question: Were any of the early civilizations influenced by each other and if so by what how did it occur?

answer: The Pyu culture was heavily influenced by trade with India

text: The Pyu culture was heavily influenced by trade with India

question: What Myanmar import from other countries that has been of major importance?

answer: Buddhism as well as other cultural, architectural and political concepts

text: Buddhism as well as other cultural, architectural and political concepts


text: Bermuda is a group of low-forming volcanoes located in the Atlantic Ocean, near the western edge of the Sargasso Sea, roughly 578 nautical miles (1,070 km (665 mi)) east-southeast of Cape Hatteras on the Outer Banks of North Carolina and about 594 nautical miles (1,100 km (684 mi)) southeast of Martha's Vineyard of Massachusetts. It is 898 nautical miles (1,664 km (1,034 mi)) northeast of Miami, Florida, and 667 nautical miles (1,236 km (768 mi)) from Cape Sable Island, in Nova Scotia, Canada. The islands lie due east of Fripp Island, South Carolina, west of Portugal and north of Puerto Rico.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: Bermuda

text: is

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: low

text: forming

text: volcanoes

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: near

text: the

text: western

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: Sargasso

text: Sea

text: roughly

text: nautical

text: miles

text: km

text: mi

text: east

text: southeast

text: of

text: Cape

text: Hatteras

text: on

text: the

text: Outer

text: Banks

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: and

text: about

text: nautical

text: miles

text: km

text: mi

text: southeast

text: of

text: Martha

text: 's

text: Vineyard

text: of

text: Massachusetts

text: It

text: is

text: nautical

text: miles

text: km

text: mi

text: northeast

text: of

text: Miami

text: Florida

text: and

text: nautical

text: miles

text: km

text: mi

text: from

text: Cape

text: Sable

text: Island

text: in

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: Canada

text: The

text: islands

text: lie

text: due

text: east

text: of

text: Fripp

text: Island

text: South

text: Carolina

text: west

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: north

text: of

text: Puerto

text: Rico

question: Bermuda is located in what ocean?

answer: Atlantic Ocean

text: Atlantic Ocean

question: Bermuda is on the western fringe of what Sea?

answer: Sargasso Sea

text: Sargasso Sea

question: Travel from Puerto Rico to Bermuda would be in which direction?

answer: north

text: north

question: Travel from Portugal to Bermuda would be in which direction?

answer: west

text: west

question: Travel from South Carolina to Bermuda would be in which direction?

answer: due east

text: due east

question: What natural features compose Bermuda?

answer: low-forming volcanoes

text: low-forming volcanoes

question: In what major ocean is Bermuda located?

answer: Atlantic Ocean

text: Atlantic Ocean

question: Bermuda is located 898 nautical miles from what US city?

answer: Miami

text: Miami

question: Bermuda is closest (in nautical miles) to which US state?

answer: North Carolina

text: North Carolina


text: Alpine glaciers can be straight rivers of ice, long sweeping rivers, spread in a fan-like shape (Piedmont glaciers), and curtains of ice that hang from vertical slopes of the mountain peaks. The stress of the movement causes the ice to break and crack loudly, perhaps explaining why the mountains were believed to be home to dragons in the medieval period. The cracking creates unpredictable and dangerous crevasses, often invisible under new snowfall, which cause the greatest danger to mountaineers.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: Alpine

text: glaciers

text: can

text: be

text: straight

text: rivers

text: of

text: ice

text: long

text: sweeping

text: rivers

text: spread

text: in

text: a

text: fan

text: like

text: shape

text: Piedmont

text: glaciers

text: and

text: curtains

text: of

text: ice

text: that

text: hang

text: from

text: vertical

text: slopes

text: of

text: the

text: mountain

text: peaks

text: The

text: stress

text: of

text: the

text: movement

text: causes

text: the

text: ice

text: to

text: break

text: and

text: crack

text: loudly

text: perhaps

text: explaining

text: why

text: the

text: mountains

text: were

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: home

text: to

text: dragons

text: in

text: the

text: medieval

text: period

text: The

text: cracking

text: creates

text: unpredictable

text: and

text: dangerous

text: crevasses

text: often

text: invisible

text: under

text: new

text: snowfall

text: which

text: cause

text: the

text: greatest

text: danger

text: to

text: mountaineers

question: How do Piedmont glaciers appear?

answer: spread in a fan-like shape

text: spread in a fan-like shape

question: What causes the ice to break and crack loudly?

answer: The stress of the movement

text: The stress of the movement

question: What does the cracking of the ice create?

answer: unpredictable and dangerous crevasses

text: unpredictable and dangerous crevasses


text: The Fed then raised the Fed funds rate significantly between July 2004 and July 2006. This contributed to an increase in 1-year and 5-year adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) rates, making ARM interest rate resets more expensive for homeowners. This may have also contributed to the deflating of the housing bubble, as asset prices generally move inversely to interest rates, and it became riskier to speculate in housing. U.S. housing and financial assets dramatically declined in value after the housing bubble burst.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: The

text: Fed

text: then

text: raised

text: the

text: Fed

text: funds

text: rate

text: significantly

text: between

text: July

text: and

text: July

text: This

text: contributed

text: to

text: an

text: increase

text: in

text: and

text: adjustable

text: rate

text: mortgage

text: ARM

text: rates

text: making

text: ARM

text: interest

text: rate

text: resets

text: more

text: expensive

text: for

text: homeowners

text: This

text: may

text: have

text: also

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: deflating

text: of

text: the

text: housing

text: bubble

text: as

text: asset

text: prices

text: generally

text: move

text: inversely

text: to

text: interest

text: rates

text: and

text: it

text: became

text: riskier

text: to

text: speculate

text: in

text: housing

text: U.S.

text: housing

text: and

text: financial

text: assets

text: dramatically

text: declined

text: in

text: value

text: after

text: the

text: housing

text: bubble

text: burst

question: When did the Fed begin raising Fed funds rate significantly?

answer: July 2004

text: July 2004

question: What does ARM stand for:

answer: adjustable-rate mortgage

text: adjustable-rate mortgage

question: How do asset prices generally move in relation to interest rates?

answer: inversely

text: inversely

question: Beginning in July 2004, what did the Fed do to make ARM rates more expensive for homeowners?

answer: raised the Fed funds rate

text: raised the Fed funds rate

question: How did U.S. housing and financial assets react to the housing bubble burst?

answer: dramatically declined in value

text: dramatically declined in value


text: Central Tucson is bicycle-friendly. To the east of the University of Arizona, Third Street is bike-only except for local traffic and passes by the historic homes of the Sam Hughes neighborhood. To the west, E. University Boulevard leads to the Fourth Avenue Shopping District. To the North, N. Mountain Avenue has a full bike-only lane for half of the 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to the Rillito River Park bike and walk multi-use path. To the south, N. Highland Avenue leads to the Barraza-Aviation Parkway bicycle path.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Central

text: Tucson

text: is

text: bicycle

text: friendly

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Arizona

text: Third

text: Street

text: is

text: bike

text: only

text: except

text: for

text: local

text: traffic

text: and

text: passes

text: by

text: the

text: historic

text: homes

text: of

text: the

text: Sam

text: Hughes

text: neighborhood

text: To

text: the

text: west

text: E.

text: University

text: Boulevard

text: leads

text: to

text: the

text: Fourth

text: Avenue

text: Shopping

text: District

text: To

text: the

text: North

text: N.

text: Mountain

text: Avenue

text: has

text: a

text: full

text: bike

text: only

text: lane

text: for

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: miles

text: km

text: to

text: the

text: Rillito

text: River

text: Park

text: bike

text: and

text: walk

text: multi

text: use

text: path

text: To

text: the

text: south

text: N.

text: Highland

text: Avenue

text: leads

text: to

text: the

text: Barraza

text: Aviation

text: Parkway

text: bicycle

text: path

question: Where does E.University Blvd. lead to?

answer: Fourth Avenue Shopping District

text: Fourth Avenue Shopping District

question: What neighborhood has historic homes?

answer: Sam Hughes neighborhood

text: Sam Hughes neighborhood

question: What mode of transport is encouraged in Central Tuscon?

answer: bicycle

text: bicycle

question: Of the 3.5 miles from N. Mountain Avenue to Rillito River Park, how many are bike-only?

answer: half

text: half

question: Which Tucson street is devoted to bicycles?

answer: Third Street

text: Third Street

question: How long does N Mountain Ave have a bike lane?

answer: half of the 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to the Rillito River Park

text: half of the 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to the Rillito River Park

question: Which park has a multi-use path?

answer: Rillito River Park

text: Rillito River Park

question: Which bike path does Highland lead to?

answer: Barraza-Aviation Parkway

text: Barraza-Aviation Parkway

question: Which shopping area is on East University?

answer: Fourth Avenue Shopping District

text: Fourth Avenue Shopping District


text: Infection begins when an organism successfully enters the body, grows and multiplies. This is referred to as colonization. Most humans are not easily infected. Those who are weak, sick, malnourished, have cancer or are diabetic have increased susceptibility to chronic or persistent infections. Individuals who have a suppressed immune system are particularly susceptible to opportunistic infections. Entrance to the host at host-pathogen interface, generally occurs through the mucosa in orifices like the oral cavity, nose, eyes, genitalia, anus, or the microbe can enter through open wounds. While a few organisms can grow at the initial site of entry, many migrate and cause systemic infection in different organs. Some pathogens grow within the host cells (intracellular) whereas others grow freely in bodily fluids.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: Infection

text: begins

text: when

text: an

text: organism

text: successfully

text: enters

text: the

text: body

text: grows

text: and

text: multiplies

text: This

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: colonization

text: Most

text: humans

text: are

text: not

text: easily

text: infected

text: Those

text: who

text: are

text: weak

text: sick

text: malnourished

text: have

text: cancer

text: or

text: are

text: diabetic

text: have

text: increased

text: susceptibility

text: to

text: chronic

text: or

text: persistent

text: infections

text: Individuals

text: who

text: have

text: a

text: suppressed

text: immune

text: system

text: are

text: particularly

text: susceptible

text: to

text: opportunistic

text: infections

text: Entrance

text: to

text: the

text: host

text: at

text: host

text: pathogen

text: interface

text: generally

text: occurs

text: through

text: the

text: mucosa

text: in

text: orifices

text: like

text: the

text: oral

text: cavity

text: nose

text: eyes

text: genitalia

text: anus

text: or

text: the

text: microbe

text: can

text: enter

text: through

text: open

text: wounds

text: While

text: a

text: few

text: organisms

text: can

text: grow

text: at

text: the

text: initial

text: site

text: of

text: entry

text: many

text: migrate

text: and

text: cause

text: systemic

text: infection

text: in

text: different

text: organs

text: Some

text: pathogens

text: grow

text: within

text: the

text: host

text: cells

text: intracellular

text: whereas

text: others

text: grow

text: freely

text: in

text: bodily

text: fluids

question: When does infection begin?

answer: when an organism successfully enters the body, grows and multiplies.

text: when an organism successfully enters the body, grows and multiplies.

question: What group is not easily infected?

answer: humans

text: humans

question: What group of humans have increased susceptibility to chronic or persistent infections?

answer: weak, sick, malnourished, have cancer or are diabetic

text: weak, sick, malnourished, have cancer or are diabetic

question: What individuals are particularly susceptible to opportunistic infections?

answer: Individuals who have a suppressed immune system

text: Individuals who have a suppressed immune system

question: What is it called when a pathogen grows within the host cells?

answer: intracellular

text: intracellular


text: It is the third language of South Africa in terms of native speakers (~13.5%), of whom 53 percent are Coloureds and 42.4 percent Whites. In 1996, 40 percent of South Africans reported to know Afrikaans at least at a very basic level of communication. It is the lingua franca in Namibia, where it is spoken natively in 11 percent of households. In total, Afrikaans is the first language in South Africa alone of about 6.8 million people and is estimated to be a second language for at least 10 million people worldwide, compared to over 23 million and 5 million respectively, for Dutch.

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: language

text: of

text: South

text: Africa

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: native

text: speakers

text: of

text: whom

text: percent

text: are

text: Coloureds

text: and

text: percent

text: Whites

text: In

text: percent

text: of

text: South

text: Africans

text: reported

text: to

text: know

text: Afrikaans

text: at

text: least

text: at

text: a

text: very

text: basic

text: level

text: of

text: communication

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: lingua

text: franca

text: in

text: Namibia

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: spoken

text: natively

text: in

text: percent

text: of

text: households

text: In

text: total

text: Afrikaans

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: language

text: in

text: South

text: Africa

text: alone

text: of

text: about

text: million

text: people

text: and

text: is

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: second

text: language

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: million

text: people

text: worldwide

text: compared

text: to

text: over

text: million

text: and

text: million

text: respectively

text: for

text: Dutch

question: Approximately what percentage of South Africans are native Afrikaans speakers?

answer: 13.5%

question: Which country has 11% of households who speak Afrikaans?

answer: Namibia

text: Namibia

question: How many of the South Africans surveyed in 1996 said they speak at least a little Afrikaans?

answer: 40 percent

text: 40 percent

question: About how many South Africans speak Afrikaans as their primary language?

answer: 6.8 million

text: 6.8 million

question: Approximately how many people in the world speak Dutch as a second language?

answer: 5 million

text: 5 million


text: Even during the war, Eritrea developed its transportation infrastructure by asphalting new roads, improving its ports, and repairing war-damaged roads and bridges as a part of the Warsay Yika'alo Program. The most significant of these projects was the construction of a coastal highway of more than 500 km connecting Massawa with Asseb, as well as the rehabilitation of the Eritrean Railway. The rail line has been restored between the port of Massawa and the capital Asmara, although services are sporadic. Steam locomotives are sometimes used for groups of enthusiasts.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: Even

text: during

text: the

text: war

text: Eritrea

text: developed

text: its

text: transportation

text: infrastructure

text: by

text: asphalting

text: new

text: roads

text: improving

text: its

text: ports

text: and

text: repairing

text: war

text: damaged

text: roads

text: and

text: bridges

text: as

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Warsay

text: Yika'alo

text: Program

text: The

text: most

text: significant

text: of

text: these

text: projects

text: was

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: a

text: coastal

text: highway

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: km

text: connecting

text: Massawa

text: with

text: Asseb

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: rehabilitation

text: of

text: the

text: Eritrean

text: Railway

text: The

text: rail

text: line

text: has

text: been

text: restored

text: between

text: the

text: port

text: of

text: Massawa

text: and

text: the

text: capital

text: Asmara

text: although

text: services

text: are

text: sporadic

text: Steam

text: locomotives

text: are

text: sometimes

text: used

text: for

text: groups

text: of

text: enthusiasts

question: Under which program did Eritrea develp and repair its transportation infrastructure during the war?

answer: Warsay Yika'alo

text: Warsay Yika'alo

question: How long was the coastal highway between Massawa and Asseb?

answer: more than 500 km

text: more than 500 km

question: What type of locomotives are sometimes used on the Eritrean Railway to cater to groups of enthusiasts?

answer: Steam

text: Steam

question: What is the capital of Eritrea?

answer: Asmara

text: Asmara

question: Which railway was rehabilitated under the Warsay Yika'alo Program?

answer: Eritrean

text: Eritrean


text: Inscriptions have been found beneath many of the rock paintings, but archaeologists have so far been unable to decipher this form of ancient writing. During the Stone age, the Doian culture and the Hargeisan culture flourished here with their respective industries and factories.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: Inscriptions

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: beneath

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: rock

text: paintings

text: but

text: archaeologists

text: have

text: so

text: far

text: been

text: unable

text: to

text: decipher

text: this

text: form

text: of

text: ancient

text: writing

text: During

text: the

text: Stone

text: age

text: the

text: Doian

text: culture

text: and

text: the

text: Hargeisan

text: culture

text: flourished

text: here

text: with

text: their

text: respective

text: industries

text: and

text: factories

question: Along with the Hargesian culture, what culture was present in Somalia in the Stone age?

answer: the Doian culture

text: the Doian culture

question: What undeciphered writings were found alongside the rock paintings?

answer: Inscriptions

text: Inscriptions

question: During what period did the Doian culture thrive?

answer: the Stone age

text: the Stone age


text: In the 1990s, sociologists focused on different aspects of specific emotions and how these emotions were socially relevant. For Cooley (1992), pride and shame were the most important emotions that drive people to take various social actions. During every encounter, he proposed that we monitor ourselves through the "looking glass" that the gestures and reactions of others provide. Depending on these reactions, we either experience pride or shame and this results in particular paths of action. Retzinger (1991) conducted studies of married couples who experienced cycles of rage and shame. Drawing predominantly on Goffman and Cooley's work, Scheff (1990) developed a micro sociological theory of the social bond. The formation or disruption of social bonds is dependent on the emotions that people experience during interactions.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: In

text: the

text: sociologists

text: focused

text: on

text: different

text: aspects

text: of

text: specific

text: emotions

text: and

text: how

text: these

text: emotions

text: were

text: socially

text: relevant

text: For

text: Cooley

text: pride

text: and

text: shame

text: were

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: emotions

text: that

text: drive

text: people

text: to

text: take

text: various

text: social

text: actions

text: During

text: every

text: encounter

text: he

text: proposed

text: that

text: we

text: monitor

text: ourselves

text: through

text: the

text: looking

text: glass

text: that

text: the

text: gestures

text: and

text: reactions

text: of

text: others

text: provide

text: Depending

text: on

text: these

text: reactions

text: we

text: either

text: experience

text: pride

text: or

text: shame

text: and

text: this

text: results

text: in

text: particular

text: paths

text: of

text: action

text: Retzinger

text: conducted

text: studies

text: of

text: married

text: couples

text: who

text: experienced

text: cycles

text: of

text: rage

text: and

text: shame

text: Drawing

text: predominantly

text: on

text: Goffman

text: and

text: Cooley

text: 's

text: work

text: Scheff

text: developed

text: a

text: micro

text: sociological

text: theory

text: of

text: the

text: social

text: bond

text: The

text: formation

text: or

text: disruption

text: of

text: social

text: bonds

text: is

text: dependent

text: on

text: the

text: emotions

text: that

text: people

text: experience

text: during

text: interactions

question: In what decade did sociologists focus on the social relevance of emotion?

answer: 1990s

question: What emotions did Cooley regard as of paramount social importance?

answer: pride and shame

text: pride and shame

question: Who studied rage and shame cycles in married couples?

answer: Retzinger

text: Retzinger

question: Who developed the social bond theory?

answer: Scheff

text: Scheff

question: Along with Cooley, from whose work did Scheff derive social bond theory?

answer: Goffman

text: Goffman


text: During the later part of the Malla era, Kathmandu Valley comprised four fortified cities: Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, and Kirtipur. These served as the capitals of the Malla confederation of Nepal. These states competed with each other in the arts, architecture, aesthetics, and trade, resulting in tremendous development. The kings of this period directly influenced or involved themselves in the construction of public buildings, squares, and temples, as well as the development of water spouts, the institutionalization of trusts (called guthis), the codification of laws, the writing of dramas, and the performance of plays in city squares. Evidence of an influx of ideas from India, Tibet, China, Persia, and Europe among other places can be found in a stone inscription from the time of king Pratap Malla. Books have been found from this era that describe their tantric tradition (e.g. Tantrakhyan), medicine (e.g. Haramekhala), religion (e.g. Mooldevshashidev), law, morals, and history. Amarkosh, a Sanskrit-Nepal Bhasa dictionary from 1381 AD, was also found. Architecturally notable buildings from this era include Kathmandu Durbar Square, Patan Durbar Square, Bhaktapur Durbar Square, the former durbar of Kirtipur, Nyatapola, Kumbheshwar, the Krishna temple, and others.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: During

text: the

text: later

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Malla

text: era

text: Kathmandu

text: Valley

text: comprised

text: four

text: fortified

text: cities

text: Kantipur

text: Lalitpur

text: Bhaktapur

text: and

text: Kirtipur

text: These

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: capitals

text: of

text: the

text: Malla

text: confederation

text: of

text: Nepal

text: These

text: states

text: competed

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: in

text: the

text: arts

text: architecture

text: aesthetics

text: and

text: trade

text: resulting

text: in

text: tremendous

text: development

text: The

text: kings

text: of

text: this

text: period

text: directly

text: influenced

text: or

text: involved

text: themselves

text: in

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: public

text: buildings

text: squares

text: and

text: temples

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: water

text: spouts

text: the

text: institutionalization

text: of

text: trusts

text: called

text: guthis

text: the

text: codification

text: of

text: laws

text: the

text: writing

text: of

text: dramas

text: and

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: plays

text: in

text: city

text: squares

text: Evidence

text: of

text: an

text: influx

text: of

text: ideas

text: from

text: India

text: Tibet

text: China

text: Persia

text: and

text: Europe

text: among

text: other

text: places

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: a

text: stone

text: inscription

text: from

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: king

text: Pratap

text: Malla

text: Books

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: from

text: this

text: era

text: that

text: describe

text: their

text: tantric

text: tradition

text: e.g.

text: Tantrakhyan

text: medicine

text: e.g.

text: Haramekhala

text: religion

text: e.g.

text: Mooldevshashidev

text: law

text: morals

text: and

text: history

text: Amarkosh

text: a

text: Sanskrit

text: Nepal

text: Bhasa

text: dictionary

text: from

text: AD

text: was

text: also

text: found

text: Architecturally

text: notable

text: buildings

text: from

text: this

text: era

text: include

text: Kathmandu

text: Durbar

text: Square

text: Patan

text: Durbar

text: Square

text: Bhaktapur

text: Durbar

text: Square

text: the

text: former

text: durbar

text: of

text: Kirtipur

text: Nyatapola

text: Kumbheshwar

text: the

text: Krishna

text: temple

text: and

text: others

question: How many cities were present in the Kathmandu Valley in the late Malla period?

answer: four

text: four

question: In the waning years of the Malla dynasty, what fortified cities existed in the Kathmandu Valley?

answer: Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, and Kirtipur

text: Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, and Kirtipur

question: What cultures influenced Nepal in the later Malla era?

answer: India, Tibet, China, Persia, and Europe

text: India, Tibet, China, Persia, and Europe

question: What is an example of a book of medicine from the Malla period?

answer: Haramekhala

text: Haramekhala

question: When does Amarkosh date to?

answer: 1381


text: The mosaic pavement of the Vrina Plain basilica of Butrint, Albania appear to pre-date that of the Baptistery by almost a generation, dating to the last quarter of the 5th or the first years of the 6th century. The mosaic displays a variety of motifs including sea-creatures, birds, terrestrial beasts, fruits, flowers, trees and abstracts – designed to depict a terrestrial paradise of God’s creation. Superimposed on this scheme are two large tablets, tabulae ansatae, carrying inscriptions. A variety of fish, a crab, a lobster, shrimps, mushrooms, flowers, a stag and two cruciform designs surround the smaller of the two inscriptions, which reads: In fulfilment of the vow (prayer) of those whose names God knows. This anonymous dedicatory inscription is a public demonstration of the benefactors’ humility and an acknowledgement of God’s omniscience.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: The

text: mosaic

text: pavement

text: of

text: the

text: Vrina

text: Plain

text: basilica

text: of

text: Butrint

text: Albania

text: appear

text: to

text: pre

text: date

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Baptistery

text: by

text: almost

text: a

text: generation

text: dating

text: to

text: the

text: last

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: or

text: the

text: first

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: mosaic

text: displays

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: motifs

text: including

text: sea

text: creatures

text: birds

text: terrestrial

text: beasts

text: fruits

text: flowers

text: trees

text: and

text: abstracts

text: designed

text: to

text: depict

text: a

text: terrestrial

text: paradise

text: of

text: God

text: ’s

text: creation

text: Superimposed

text: on

text: this

text: scheme

text: are

text: two

text: large

text: tablets

text: tabulae

text: ansatae

text: carrying

text: inscriptions

text: A

text: variety

text: of

text: fish

text: a

text: crab

text: a

text: lobster

text: shrimps

text: mushrooms

text: flowers

text: a

text: stag

text: and

text: two

text: cruciform

text: designs

text: surround

text: the

text: smaller

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: inscriptions

text: which

text: reads

text: In

text: fulfilment

text: of

text: the

text: vow

text: prayer

text: of

text: those

text: whose

text: names

text: God

text: knows

text: This

text: anonymous

text: dedicatory

text: inscription

text: is

text: a

text: public

text: demonstration

text: of

text: the

text: benefactors’

text: humility

text: and

text: an

text: acknowledgement

text: of

text: God

text: ’s

text: omniscience

question: The floor mosaic in Butrint is how much older than that of the Baptistry?

answer: almost a generation

text: almost a generation

question: In what country is Butrint?

answer: Albania

text: Albania

question: What type of message was left on the mosaics at Butrint?

answer: prayer

text: prayer

question: The Vrina Plain basilica is in which city?

answer: Butrint

text: Butrint

question: What was the mosaic at Butrint designed to portray?

answer: a terrestrial paradise

text: a terrestrial paradise


text: Incestuous matings by the purple-crowned fairy wren Malurus coronatus result in severe fitness costs due to inbreeding depression (greater than 30% reduction in hatchability of eggs). Females paired with related males may undertake extra pair matings (see Promiscuity#Other animals for 90% frequency in avian species) that can reduce the negative effects of inbreeding. However, there are ecological and demographic constraints on extra pair matings. Nevertheless, 43% of broods produced by incestuously paired females contained extra pair young.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: Incestuous

text: matings

text: by

text: the

text: purple

text: crowned

text: fairy

text: wren

text: Malurus

text: coronatus

text: result

text: in

text: severe

text: fitness

text: costs

text: due

text: to

text: inbreeding

text: depression

text: greater

text: than

text: reduction

text: in

text: hatchability

text: of

text: eggs

text: Females

text: paired

text: with

text: related

text: males

text: may

text: undertake

text: extra

text: pair

text: matings

text: see

text: Promiscuity#Other

text: animals

text: for

text: frequency

text: in

text: avian

text: species

text: that

text: can

text: reduce

text: the

text: negative

text: effects

text: of

text: inbreeding

text: However

text: there

text: are

text: ecological

text: and

text: demographic

text: constraints

text: on

text: extra

text: pair

text: matings

text: Nevertheless

text: of

text: broods

text: produced

text: by

text: incestuously

text: paired

text: females

text: contained

text: extra

text: pair

text: young

question: What is it called when there is greater than 30 percent reduction in hatchability of eggs?

answer: inbreeding depression

text: inbreeding depression

question: What can reduce the negative effects of inbreeding?

answer: Females paired with related males may undertake extra pair matings

text: Females paired with related males may undertake extra pair matings

question: What percentage of broods produced by incestuously paired females contained extra pair of young?

answer: 43%


text: There are two methods of corruption of the judiciary: the state (through budget planning and various privileges), and the private. Budget of the judiciary in many transitional and developing countries is almost completely controlled by the executive. The latter undermines the separation of powers, as it creates a critical financial dependence of the judiciary. The proper national wealth distribution including the government spending on the judiciary is subject of the constitutional economics. Judicial corruption can be difficult to completely eradicate, even in developed countries.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: methods

text: of

text: corruption

text: of

text: the

text: judiciary

text: the

text: state

text: through

text: budget

text: planning

text: and

text: various

text: privileges

text: and

text: the

text: private

text: Budget

text: of

text: the

text: judiciary

text: in

text: many

text: transitional

text: and

text: developing

text: countries

text: is

text: almost

text: completely

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: executive

text: The

text: latter

text: undermines

text: the

text: separation

text: of

text: powers

text: as

text: it

text: creates

text: a

text: critical

text: financial

text: dependence

text: of

text: the

text: judiciary

text: The

text: proper

text: national

text: wealth

text: distribution

text: including

text: the

text: government

text: spending

text: on

text: the

text: judiciary

text: is

text: subject

text: of

text: the

text: constitutional

text: economics

text: Judicial

text: corruption

text: can

text: be

text: difficult

text: to

text: completely

text: eradicate

text: even

text: in

text: developed

text: countries

question: How many methods of judiciary corruption are there?

answer: two

text: two

question: What part of the government controls the judiciary budget in many developing countries?

answer: executive

text: executive

question: What does executive branch control over judiciary money undermine?

answer: separation of powers

text: separation of powers

question: What type of corruption is hard to get rid of even in developed countries?

answer: judiciary

text: judiciary


text: BeiDou-2 (formerly known as COMPASS) is not an extension to the older BeiDou-1, but rather supersedes it outright. The new system will be a constellation of 35 satellites, which include 5 geostationary orbit satellites for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1, and 30 non-geostationary satellites (27 in medium Earth orbit and 3 in inclined geosynchronous orbit), that will offer complete coverage of the globe.

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: COMPASS

text: is

text: not

text: an

text: extension

text: to

text: the

text: older

text: but

text: rather

text: supersedes

text: it

text: outright

text: The

text: new

text: system

text: will

text: be

text: a

text: constellation

text: of

text: satellites

text: which

text: include

text: geostationary

text: orbit

text: satellites

text: for

text: backward

text: compatibility

text: with

text: and

text: non

text: geostationary

text: satellites

text: in

text: medium

text: Earth

text: orbit

text: and

text: in

text: inclined

text: geosynchronous

text: orbit

text: that

text: will

text: offer

text: complete

text: coverage

text: of

text: the

text: globe

question: What was the BeiDou-2 system previously known as?

answer: COMPASS

text: COMPASS

question: How may satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?

answer: 35

question: How many geostationary orbit satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?

answer: 5

question: How many non-geostationary orbit satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?

answer: 30

question: What is the purpose of the geostationary orbit satellites in the BeiDou-2 system?

answer: for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1

text: for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1


text: American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. According to Ayittey, "In Sudan... the Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid." Many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apartheid.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: American

text: University

text: economist

text: George

text: Ayittey

text: accused

text: the

text: Arab

text: government

text: of

text: Sudan

text: of

text: practicing

text: acts

text: of

text: racism

text: against

text: black

text: citizens

text: According

text: to

text: Ayittey

text: In

text: Sudan

text: the

text: Arabs

text: monopolized

text: power

text: and

text: excluded

text: blacks

text: Arab

text: apartheid

text: Many

text: African

text: commentators

text: joined

text: Ayittey

text: in

text: accusing

text: Sudan

text: of

text: practising

text: Arab

text: apartheid

question: Who accused the Arab government of practicing acts of racism?

answer: George Ayittey

text: George Ayittey

question: Who executed the apartheid?

answer: the Arab government

text: the Arab government

question: Who was excluded?

answer: blacks

text: blacks

question: Where were they?

answer: Sudan

text: Sudan

question: What is George Ayittey's profession?

answer: economist

text: economist


text: Biodiversity, a contraction of "biological diversity," generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. One of the most widely used definitions defines it in terms of the variability within species, between species, and between ecosystems. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation (number of species) within an area, biome, or planet. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be greater near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is richest in the tropics. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.

title: Biodiversity

title: Biodiversity

text: Biodiversity

text: a

text: contraction

text: of

text: biological

text: diversity

text: generally

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: variety

text: and

text: variability

text: of

text: life

text: on

text: Earth

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: used

text: definitions

text: defines

text: it

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: variability

text: within

text: species

text: between

text: species

text: and

text: between

text: ecosystems

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: the

text: variety

text: of

text: organisms

text: present

text: in

text: different

text: ecosystems

text: This

text: can

text: refer

text: to

text: genetic

text: variation

text: ecosystem

text: variation

text: or

text: species

text: variation

text: number

text: of

text: species

text: within

text: an

text: area

text: biome

text: or

text: planet

text: Terrestrial

text: biodiversity

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: greater

text: near

text: the

text: equator

text: which

text: seems

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: warm

text: climate

text: and

text: high

text: primary

text: productivity

text: Biodiversity

text: is

text: not

text: distributed

text: evenly

text: on

text: Earth

text: It

text: is

text: richest

text: in

text: the

text: tropics

text: Marine

text: biodiversity

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: highest

text: along

text: coasts

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: Pacific

text: where

text: sea

text: surface

text: temperature

text: is

text: highest

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: mid

text: latitudinal

text: band

text: in

text: all

text: oceans

text: There

text: are

text: latitudinal

text: gradients

text: in

text: species

text: diversity

text: Biodiversity

text: generally

text: tends

text: to

text: cluster

text: in

text: hotspots

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: increasing

text: through

text: time

text: but

text: will

text: be

text: likely

text: to

text: slow

text: in

text: the

text: future

question: What term refers to  the variety and variability of life on Earth?

answer: Biodiversity

text: Biodiversity

question: What types of variations does Biodiversity refer to?

answer: genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation

text: genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation

question: What type of biodiversity happens near the equator?

answer: Terrestrial biodiversity

text: Terrestrial biodiversity

question: Where on Earth is biodiversity the most abundnant?

answer: It is richest in the tropics.

text: It is richest in the tropics.

question: Where is sea surface temperature the highest?

answer: along coasts in the Western Pacific

text: along coasts in the Western Pacific


text: The book value of the company nearly doubled from $8.19 a share in 1999 to $15 a share in 2009. Revenues grew sixfold from 1999's $6 billion to almost $36 billion in 2009. Net profit margin rose from 4.2% in 1999 to 8.4% in 2009, with operating margins improving 31 percent and return on equity doubling to 6.7 percent in the same time span. Between 1999 and 2009, return on capital nearly tripled to 7 percent. Comcast reported first quarter 2012 profit increases of 30% due to increase in high-speed internet customers. In February 2014, Comcast generated 1.1 billion in revenue during the first quarter due to the Sochi Olympics,.

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: The

text: book

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: nearly

text: doubled

text: from

text: a

text: share

text: in

text: to

text: a

text: share

text: in

text: Revenues

text: grew

text: sixfold

text: from

text: 's

text: billion

text: to

text: almost

text: billion

text: in

text: Net

text: profit

text: margin

text: rose

text: from

text: in

text: to

text: in

text: with

text: operating

text: margins

text: improving

text: percent

text: and

text: return

text: on

text: equity

text: doubling

text: to

text: percent

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: span

text: Between

text: and

text: return

text: on

text: capital

text: nearly

text: tripled

text: to

text: percent

text: Comcast

text: reported

text: first

text: quarter

text: profit

text: increases

text: of

text: due

text: to

text: increase

text: in

text: high

text: speed

text: internet

text: customers

text: In

text: February

text: Comcast

text: generated

text: billion

text: in

text: revenue

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: quarter

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: Sochi

text: Olympics

question: What was Comcast's share value in 1999?

answer: $8.19

question: What was Comcast's share value in 2009?

answer: $15

question: Comcast's revenues in 2009 were how much?

answer: $36 billion

text: $36 billion

question: What was Comcast's profit margin in 2009?

answer: 8.4%

question: What caused a 2012 spike in Comcast profits?

answer: increase in high-speed internet customers

text: increase in high-speed internet customers


text: New sequencing technologies, such as massive parallel sequencing have also opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool, as pioneered by Manteia Predictive Medicine. A major step toward that goal was the completion in 2007 of the full genome of James D. Watson, one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: New

text: sequencing

text: technologies

text: such

text: as

text: massive

text: parallel

text: sequencing

text: have

text: also

text: opened

text: up

text: the

text: prospect

text: of

text: personal

text: genome

text: sequencing

text: as

text: a

text: diagnostic

text: tool

text: as

text: pioneered

text: by

text: Manteia

text: Predictive

text: Medicine

text: A

text: major

text: step

text: toward

text: that

text: goal

text: was

text: the

text: completion

text: in

text: of

text: the

text: full

text: genome

text: of

text: James

text: D.

text: Watson

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: co

text: discoverers

text: of

text: the

text: structure

text: of

text: DNA

question: What is a recent development in sequencing methods?

answer: massive parallel sequencing

text: massive parallel sequencing

question: Which company has led the way in sequencing of individual genetic makeup?

answer: Manteia Predictive Medicine

text: Manteia Predictive Medicine

question: Whose complete genetic information was recorded in 2007?

answer: James D. Watson

text: James D. Watson

question: What is Watson famous for helping discover?

answer: the structure of DNA

text: the structure of DNA


text: Speaking in St. Petersburg, Russia on 30 June 2011, the head of Russia's United Shipbuilding Corporation said his company expected to begin design work for a new carrier in 2016, with a goal of beginning construction in 2018 and having the carrier achieve initial operational capability by 2023. Several months later, on 3 November 2011 the Russian newspaper Izvestiya reported that the naval building plan now included (first) the construction of a new shipyard capable of building large hull ships, after which Moscow will build two (80,000 tons full load each) nuclear-powered aircraft carriers by 2027. The spokesperson said one carrier would be assigned to the Russian Navy's Northern Fleet at Murmansk, and the second would be stationed with the Pacific Fleet at Vladivostok.

title: Aircraft_carrier

title: Aircraft_carrier

text: Speaking

text: in

text: St.

text: Petersburg

text: Russia

text: on

text: June

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: Russia

text: 's

text: United

text: Shipbuilding

text: Corporation

text: said

text: his

text: company

text: expected

text: to

text: begin

text: design

text: work

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: carrier

text: in

text: with

text: a

text: goal

text: of

text: beginning

text: construction

text: in

text: and

text: having

text: the

text: carrier

text: achieve

text: initial

text: operational

text: capability

text: by

text: Several

text: months

text: later

text: on

text: November

text: the

text: Russian

text: newspaper

text: Izvestiya

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: naval

text: building

text: plan

text: now

text: included

text: first

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: shipyard

text: capable

text: of

text: building

text: large

text: hull

text: ships

text: after

text: which

text: Moscow

text: will

text: build

text: two

text: tons

text: full

text: load

text: each

text: nuclear

text: powered

text: aircraft

text: carriers

text: by

text: The

text: spokesperson

text: said

text: one

text: carrier

text: would

text: be

text: assigned

text: to

text: the

text: Russian

text: Navy

text: 's

text: Northern

text: Fleet

text: at

text: Murmansk

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: would

text: be

text: stationed

text: with

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Fleet

text: at

text: Vladivostok

question: When did Russia's United Shipbuilding Corporation expect to begin design work for a new carrier?

answer: 2016

question: What year was the goal for Russia's new carrier to achieve initial operational capability?

answer: 2023

question: What was Izvestiya?

answer: Russian newspaper

text: Russian newspaper

question: Where was the Northern Fleets nuclear-powered aircraft carrier supposed to be stationed?

answer: Murmansk

text: Murmansk

question: Where was the Pacific Fleets nuclear-powered aircraft carrier supposed to be stationed?

answer: Vladivostok

text: Vladivostok


text: In the 21st century, these trends have continued, and several new approaches have come into prominence, including multielectrode recording, which allows the activity of many brain cells to be recorded all at the same time; genetic engineering, which allows molecular components of the brain to be altered experimentally; genomics, which allows variations in brain structure to be correlated with variations in DNA properties and neuroimaging.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: these

text: trends

text: have

text: continued

text: and

text: several

text: new

text: approaches

text: have

text: come

text: into

text: prominence

text: including

text: multielectrode

text: recording

text: which

text: allows

text: the

text: activity

text: of

text: many

text: brain

text: cells

text: to

text: be

text: recorded

text: all

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: genetic

text: engineering

text: which

text: allows

text: molecular

text: components

text: of

text: the

text: brain

text: to

text: be

text: altered

text: experimentally

text: genomics

text: which

text: allows

text: variations

text: in

text: brain

text: structure

text: to

text: be

text: correlated

text: with

text: variations

text: in

text: DNA

text: properties

text: and

text: neuroimaging

question: Multielectrode recording allows what?

answer: the activity of many brain cells to be recorded all at the same time;

text: the activity of many brain cells to be recorded all at the same time;

question: Genetic engineering allows what?

answer: molecular components of the brain to be altered experimentally;

text: molecular components of the brain to be altered experimentally;

question: What does genomics allow the study of?

answer: variations in brain structure to be correlated with variations in DNA properties and neuroimaging.

text: variations in brain structure to be correlated with variations in DNA properties and neuroimaging.

question: During what century was multielectrode recording invented?

answer: the 21st century,

text: the 21st century,

question: Genetic engineering was first discovered in what century?

answer: the 21st century,

text: the 21st century,


text: In 1565, the powerful Rinbung princes were overthrown by one of their own ministers, Karma Tseten who styled himself as the Tsangpa, "the one of Tsang", and established his base of power at Shigatse. The second successor of this first Tsang king, Karma Phuntsok Namgyal, took control of the whole of Central Tibet (Ü-Tsang), reigning from 1611–1621. Despite this, the leaders of Lhasa still claimed their allegiance to the Phagmodru as well as the Gelug, while the Ü-Tsang king allied with the Karmapa. Tensions rose between the nationalistic Ü-Tsang ruler and the Mongols who safeguarded their Mongol Dalai Lama in Lhasa. The fourth Dalai Lama refused to give an audience to the Ü-Tsang king, which sparked a conflict as the latter began assaulting Gelug monasteries. Chen writes of the speculation over the fourth Dalai Lama's mysterious death and the plot of the Ü-Tsang king to have him murdered for "cursing" him with illness, although Chen writes that the murder was most likely the result of a feudal power struggle. In 1618, only two years after Yonten Gyatso died, the Gelug and the Karma Kargyu went to war, the Karma Kargyu supported by the secular Ü-Tsang king. The Ü-Tsang ruler had a large number of Gelugpa lamas killed, occupied their monasteries at Drepung and Sera, and outlawed any attempts to find another Dalai Lama. In 1621, the Ü-Tsang king died and was succeeded by his young son Karma Tenkyong, an event which stymied the war effort as the latter accepted the six-year-old Lozang Gyatso as the new Dalai Lama. Despite the new Dalai Lama's diplomatic efforts to maintain friendly relations with the new Ü-Tsang ruler, Sonam Rapten (1595–1657), the Dalai Lama's chief steward and treasurer at Drepung, made efforts to overthrow the Ü-Tsang king, which led to another conflict. In 1633, the Gelugpas and several thousand Mongol adherents defeated the Ü-Tsang king's troops near Lhasa before a peaceful negotiation was settled. Goldstein writes that in this the "Mongols were again playing a significant role in Tibetan affairs, this time as the military arm of the Dalai Lama."

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: In

text: the

text: powerful

text: Rinbung

text: princes

text: were

text: overthrown

text: by

text: one

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: ministers

text: Karma

text: Tseten

text: who

text: styled

text: himself

text: as

text: the

text: Tsangpa

text: the

text: one

text: of

text: Tsang

text: and

text: established

text: his

text: base

text: of

text: power

text: at

text: Shigatse

text: The

text: second

text: successor

text: of

text: this

text: first

text: Tsang

text: king

text: Karma

text: Phuntsok

text: Namgyal

text: took

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: Central

text: Tibet

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: reigning

text: from

text: Despite

text: this

text: the

text: leaders

text: of

text: Lhasa

text: still

text: claimed

text: their

text: allegiance

text: to

text: the

text: Phagmodru

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Gelug

text: while

text: the

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: king

text: allied

text: with

text: the

text: Karmapa

text: Tensions

text: rose

text: between

text: the

text: nationalistic

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: ruler

text: and

text: the

text: Mongols

text: who

text: safeguarded

text: their

text: Mongol

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: in

text: Lhasa

text: The

text: fourth

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: refused

text: to

text: give

text: an

text: audience

text: to

text: the

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: king

text: which

text: sparked

text: a

text: conflict

text: as

text: the

text: latter

text: began

text: assaulting

text: Gelug

text: monasteries

text: Chen

text: writes

text: of

text: the

text: speculation

text: over

text: the

text: fourth

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: 's

text: mysterious

text: death

text: and

text: the

text: plot

text: of

text: the

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: king

text: to

text: have

text: him

text: murdered

text: for

text: cursing

text: him

text: with

text: illness

text: although

text: Chen

text: writes

text: that

text: the

text: murder

text: was

text: most

text: likely

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: a

text: feudal

text: power

text: struggle

text: In

text: only

text: two

text: years

text: after

text: Yonten

text: Gyatso

text: died

text: the

text: Gelug

text: and

text: the

text: Karma

text: Kargyu

text: went

text: to

text: war

text: the

text: Karma

text: Kargyu

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: secular

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: king

text: The

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: ruler

text: had

text: a

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: Gelugpa

text: lamas

text: killed

text: occupied

text: their

text: monasteries

text: at

text: Drepung

text: and

text: Sera

text: and

text: outlawed

text: any

text: attempts

text: to

text: find

text: another

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: In

text: the

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: king

text: died

text: and

text: was

text: succeeded

text: by

text: his

text: young

text: son

text: Karma

text: Tenkyong

text: an

text: event

text: which

text: stymied

text: the

text: war

text: effort

text: as

text: the

text: latter

text: accepted

text: the

text: six

text: year

text: old

text: Lozang

text: Gyatso

text: as

text: the

text: new

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: Despite

text: the

text: new

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: 's

text: diplomatic

text: efforts

text: to

text: maintain

text: friendly

text: relations

text: with

text: the

text: new

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: ruler

text: Sonam

text: Rapten

text: the

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: 's

text: chief

text: steward

text: and

text: treasurer

text: at

text: Drepung

text: made

text: efforts

text: to

text: overthrow

text: the

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: king

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: another

text: conflict

text: In

text: the

text: Gelugpas

text: and

text: several

text: thousand

text: Mongol

text: adherents

text: defeated

text: the

text: Ü

text: Tsang

text: king

text: 's

text: troops

text: near

text: Lhasa

text: before

text: a

text: peaceful

text: negotiation

text: was

text: settled

text: Goldstein

text: writes

text: that

text: in

text: this

text: the

text: Mongols

text: were

text: again

text: playing

text: a

text: significant

text: role

text: in

text: Tibetan

text: affairs

text: this

text: time

text: as

text: the

text: military

text: arm

text: of

text: the

text: Dalai

text: Lama

question: When were the Rinbung princes overthrown?

answer: 1565

question: Who took control of the whole of Central Tibet?

answer: Karma Phuntsok Namgyal

text: Karma Phuntsok Namgyal

question: When did Karma Phuntsok Namgyal reign?

answer: 1611–1621

question: Who did Ü-Tsang king have an alliance with?

answer: the Karmapa

text: the Karmapa

question: Who refused an audience with the Ü-Tsang king?

answer: The fourth Dalai Lama

text: The fourth Dalai Lama


text: The second half of the 20th century to the present has seen a gradual shift towards improved human rights for Aboriginal people. In a 1967 referendum over 90% of the Australian population voted to end constitutional discrimination and to include Aborigines in the national census. During this period many Aboriginal activists began to embrace the term "black" and use their ancestry as a source of pride. Activist Bob Maza said:

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: The

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: has

text: seen

text: a

text: gradual

text: shift

text: towards

text: improved

text: human

text: rights

text: for

text: Aboriginal

text: people

text: In

text: a

text: referendum

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: Australian

text: population

text: voted

text: to

text: end

text: constitutional

text: discrimination

text: and

text: to

text: include

text: Aborigines

text: in

text: the

text: national

text: census

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: many

text: Aboriginal

text: activists

text: began

text: to

text: embrace

text: the

text: term

text: black

text: and

text: use

text: their

text: ancestry

text: as

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: pride

text: Activist

text: Bob

text: Maza

text: said

question: When did human rights for Aboriginal people begin to improve?

answer: The second half of the 20th century

text: The second half of the 20th century

question: What year was constitutional discrimination ended?

answer: 1967

question: What else was included in the 1967 referendum?

answer: to include Aborigines in the national census.

text: to include Aborigines in the national census.

question: What term was embraced during this period?

answer: "black"

text: "black"

question: Who said the Aboriginal people started to embrace their ancestry?

answer: Activist Bob Maza

text: Activist Bob Maza


text: Additionally, Richmond is gaining attention from the film and television industry, with several high-profile films shot in the metro region in the past few years, including the major motion picture Lincoln which led to Daniel Day-Lewis's third Oscar, Killing Kennedy with Rob Lowe, airing on the National Geographic Channel and Turn, starring Jamie Bell and airing on AMC. In 2015 Richmond will be the main filming location for the upcoming PBS drama series Mercy Street, which will premiere in Winter 2016. Several organizations, including the Virginia Film Office and the Virginia Production Alliance, along with events like the Richmond International Film Festival and French Film Festival, continue to put draw supporters of film and media to the region.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Additionally

text: Richmond

text: is

text: gaining

text: attention

text: from

text: the

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: industry

text: with

text: several

text: high

text: profile

text: films

text: shot

text: in

text: the

text: metro

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: few

text: years

text: including

text: the

text: major

text: motion

text: picture

text: Lincoln

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: Daniel

text: Day

text: Lewis

text: 's

text: third

text: Oscar

text: Killing

text: Kennedy

text: with

text: Rob

text: Lowe

text: airing

text: on

text: the

text: National

text: Geographic

text: Channel

text: and

text: Turn

text: starring

text: Jamie

text: Bell

text: and

text: airing

text: on

text: AMC

text: In

text: Richmond

text: will

text: be

text: the

text: main

text: filming

text: location

text: for

text: the

text: upcoming

text: PBS

text: drama

text: series

text: Mercy

text: Street

text: which

text: will

text: premiere

text: in

text: Winter

text: Several

text: organizations

text: including

text: the

text: Virginia

text: Film

text: Office

text: and

text: the

text: Virginia

text: Production

text: Alliance

text: along

text: with

text: events

text: like

text: the

text: Richmond

text: International

text: Film

text: Festival

text: and

text: French

text: Film

text: Festival

text: continue

text: to

text: put

text: draw

text: supporters

text: of

text: film

text: and

text: media

text: to

text: the

text: region

question: What movie, which filmed in Richmond, featured Daniel Day-Lewis?

answer: Lincoln

text: Lincoln

question: Who notably appeared in Killing Kennedy?

answer: Rob Lowe

text: Rob Lowe

question: On what television channel can the show Turn be seen?

answer: AMC

text: AMC

question: When will Mercy Street first be shown on television?

answer: Winter 2016

text: Winter 2016

question: What channel is Killing Kennedy on?

answer: National Geographic Channel

text: National Geographic Channel


text: Both the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China. Copper rose over speculations that production in southwestern China may be affected, and oil prices dropped over speculations that demand from China would fall.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: Both

text: the

text: Shanghai

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: and

text: the

text: Shenzhen

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: suspended

text: trading

text: of

text: companies

text: based

text: in

text: southwestern

text: China

text: Copper

text: rose

text: over

text: speculations

text: that

text: production

text: in

text: southwestern

text: China

text: may

text: be

text: affected

text: and

text: oil

text: prices

text: dropped

text: over

text: speculations

text: that

text: demand

text: from

text: China

text: would

text: fall

question: Where were the exchanges based?

answer: southwestern China

text: southwestern China

question: What metal rose in value?

answer: Copper

text: Copper

question: What natural resource dropped in value?

answer: oil

text: oil

question: What did the Shanghai Stock Exchange do?

answer: suspended trading

text: suspended trading

question: Where were companies located that had their stock trading suspended?

answer: southwestern China

text: southwestern China

question: What metal rose due to speculation?

answer: Copper

text: Copper

question: Besides the Shanghai Stock Exchange, what other exchange suspended trading of southwestern China stock?

answer: Shenzhen Stock Exchange

text: Shenzhen Stock Exchange


text: In this paper, he described a new system for storing and working with large databases. Instead of records being stored in some sort of linked list of free-form records as in CODASYL, Codd's idea was to use a "table" of fixed-length records, with each table used for a different type of entity. A linked-list system would be very inefficient when storing "sparse" databases where some of the data for any one record could be left empty. The relational model solved this by splitting the data into a series of normalized tables (or relations), with optional elements being moved out of the main table to where they would take up room only if needed. Data may be freely inserted, deleted and edited in these tables, with the DBMS doing whatever maintenance needed to present a table view to the application/user.

title: Database

title: Database

text: In

text: this

text: paper

text: he

text: described

text: a

text: new

text: system

text: for

text: storing

text: and

text: working

text: with

text: large

text: databases

text: Instead

text: of

text: records

text: being

text: stored

text: in

text: some

text: sort

text: of

text: linked

text: list

text: of

text: free

text: form

text: records

text: as

text: in

text: CODASYL

text: Codd

text: 's

text: idea

text: was

text: to

text: use

text: a

text: table

text: of

text: fixed

text: length

text: records

text: with

text: each

text: table

text: used

text: for

text: a

text: different

text: type

text: of

text: entity

text: A

text: linked

text: list

text: system

text: would

text: be

text: very

text: inefficient

text: when

text: storing

text: sparse

text: databases

text: where

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: data

text: for

text: any

text: one

text: record

text: could

text: be

text: left

text: empty

text: The

text: relational

text: model

text: solved

text: this

text: by

text: splitting

text: the

text: data

text: into

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: normalized

text: tables

text: or

text: relations

text: with

text: optional

text: elements

text: being

text: moved

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: table

text: to

text: where

text: they

text: would

text: take

text: up

text: room

text: only

text: if

text: needed

text: Data

text: may

text: be

text: freely

text: inserted

text: deleted

text: and

text: edited

text: in

text: these

text: tables

text: with

text: the

text: DBMS

text: doing

text: whatever

text: maintenance

text: needed

text: to

text: present

text: a

text: table

text: view

text: to

text: the

text: application

text: user

question: Who proposed using a table to store data?

answer: Codd

text: Codd

question: How is data accessed in a table?

answer: A linked-list system

text: A linked-list system

question: What model solved the problem of databases where information was missing?

answer: relational

text: relational

question: What system assists a user in seeing a table?

answer: DBMS

text: DBMS


text: The final name for the republic during the Soviet era was adopted by the Russian Constitution of 1937, which renamed it the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

text: The

text: final

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: republic

text: during

text: the

text: Soviet

text: era

text: was

text: adopted

text: by

text: the

text: Russian

text: Constitution

text: of

text: which

text: renamed

text: it

text: the

text: Russian

text: Soviet

text: Federative

text: Socialist

text: Republic

question: What was Soviet Russia called as of 1937?

answer: the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

text: the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

question: What document changed the name of Russia in 1937?

answer: the Russian Constitution of 1937

text: the Russian Constitution of 1937


text: Although Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical improvisation, from the Baroque era to the Romantic era, there are examples of performers who could improvise in the style of their era. In the Baroque era, organ performers would improvise preludes, keyboard performers playing harpsichord would improvise chords from the figured bass symbols beneath the bass notes of the basso continuo part and both vocal and instrumental performers would improvise musical ornaments. J.S. Bach was particularly noted for his complex improvisations. During the Classical era, the composer-performer Mozart was noted for his ability to improvise melodies in different styles. During the Classical era, some virtuoso soloists would improvise the cadenza sections of a concerto. During the Romantic era, Beethoven would improvise at the piano. For more information, see Improvisation.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: Although

text: Classical

text: music

text: in

text: the

text: has

text: lost

text: most

text: of

text: its

text: tradition

text: for

text: musical

text: improvisation

text: from

text: the

text: Baroque

text: era

text: to

text: the

text: Romantic

text: era

text: there

text: are

text: examples

text: of

text: performers

text: who

text: could

text: improvise

text: in

text: the

text: style

text: of

text: their

text: era

text: In

text: the

text: Baroque

text: era

text: organ

text: performers

text: would

text: improvise

text: preludes

text: keyboard

text: performers

text: playing

text: harpsichord

text: would

text: improvise

text: chords

text: from

text: the

text: figured

text: bass

text: symbols

text: beneath

text: the

text: bass

text: notes

text: of

text: the

text: basso

text: continuo

text: part

text: and

text: both

text: vocal

text: and

text: instrumental

text: performers

text: would

text: improvise

text: musical

text: ornaments

text: J.S.

text: Bach

text: was

text: particularly

text: noted

text: for

text: his

text: complex

text: improvisations

text: During

text: the

text: Classical

text: era

text: the

text: composer

text: performer

text: Mozart

text: was

text: noted

text: for

text: his

text: ability

text: to

text: improvise

text: melodies

text: in

text: different

text: styles

text: During

text: the

text: Classical

text: era

text: some

text: virtuoso

text: soloists

text: would

text: improvise

text: the

text: cadenza

text: sections

text: of

text: a

text: concerto

text: During

text: the

text: Romantic

text: era

text: Beethoven

text: would

text: improvise

text: at

text: the

text: piano

text: For

text: more

text: information

text: see

text: Improvisation

question: Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical what?

answer: improvisation

text: improvisation

question: In the Baroque era, who would improvise preludes?

answer: organ performers

text: organ performers

question: Who would improvise musical ornaments in the Baroque era?

answer: instrumental performers

text: instrumental performers

question: Who was noted for his complex improvisations?

answer: J.S. Bach

text: J.S. Bach

question: What was Mozart noted for?

answer: his ability to improvise melodies in different styles

text: his ability to improvise melodies in different styles


text: Insects play important roles in biological research. For example, because of its small size, short generation time and high fecundity, the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a model organism for studies in the genetics of higher eukaryotes. D. melanogaster has been an essential part of studies into principles like genetic linkage, interactions between genes, chromosomal genetics, development, behavior and evolution. Because genetic systems are well conserved among eukaryotes, understanding basic cellular processes like DNA replication or transcription in fruit flies can help to understand those processes in other eukaryotes, including humans. The genome of D. melanogaster was sequenced in 2000, reflecting the organism's important role in biological research. It was found that 70% of the fly genome is similar to the human genome, supporting the evolution theory.

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: Insects

text: play

text: important

text: roles

text: in

text: biological

text: research

text: For

text: example

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: small

text: size

text: short

text: generation

text: time

text: and

text: high

text: fecundity

text: the

text: common

text: fruit

text: fly

text: Drosophila

text: melanogaster

text: is

text: a

text: model

text: organism

text: for

text: studies

text: in

text: the

text: genetics

text: of

text: higher

text: eukaryotes

text: D.

text: melanogaster

text: has

text: been

text: an

text: essential

text: part

text: of

text: studies

text: into

text: principles

text: like

text: genetic

text: linkage

text: interactions

text: between

text: genes

text: chromosomal

text: genetics

text: development

text: behavior

text: and

text: evolution

text: Because

text: genetic

text: systems

text: are

text: well

text: conserved

text: among

text: eukaryotes

text: understanding

text: basic

text: cellular

text: processes

text: like

text: DNA

text: replication

text: or

text: transcription

text: in

text: fruit

text: flies

text: can

text: help

text: to

text: understand

text: those

text: processes

text: in

text: other

text: eukaryotes

text: including

text: humans

text: The

text: genome

text: of

text: D.

text: melanogaster

text: was

text: sequenced

text: in

text: reflecting

text: the

text: organism

text: 's

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: biological

text: research

text: It

text: was

text: found

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: fly

text: genome

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: human

text: genome

text: supporting

text: the

text: evolution

text: theory

question: Insects play prominent roles in what?

answer: biological research

text: biological research

question: What is a common insect used for research purposes?

answer: fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

text: fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

question: What percent of the fly genome is similar to the human genome

answer: 70%

question: Drosophila has helped develop principles in what kind of linkage?

answer: genetic

text: genetic

question: Genetic systems are conserved among what?

answer: eukaryotes

text: eukaryotes


text: The nationalization announcement was greeted very emotionally by the audience and, throughout the Arab world, thousands entered the streets shouting slogans of support. US ambassador Henry A. Byroade stated, "I cannot overemphasize [the] popularity of the Canal Company nationalization within Egypt, even among Nasser's enemies." Egyptian political scientist Mahmoud Hamad wrote that, prior to 1956, Nasser had consolidated control over Egypt's military and civilian bureaucracies, but it was only after the canal's nationalization that he gained near-total popular legitimacy and firmly established himself as the "charismatic leader" and "spokesman for the masses not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World". According to Aburish, this was Nasser's largest pan-Arab triumph at the time and "soon his pictures were to be found in the tents of Yemen, the souks of Marrakesh, and the posh villas of Syria". The official reason given for the nationalization was that funds from the canal would be used for the construction of the dam in Aswan. That same day, Egypt closed the canal to Israeli shipping.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: The

text: nationalization

text: announcement

text: was

text: greeted

text: very

text: emotionally

text: by

text: the

text: audience

text: and

text: throughout

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: thousands

text: entered

text: the

text: streets

text: shouting

text: slogans

text: of

text: support

text: US

text: ambassador

text: Henry

text: A.

text: Byroade

text: stated

text: I

text: can

text: not

text: overemphasize

text: the

text: popularity

text: of

text: the

text: Canal

text: Company

text: nationalization

text: within

text: Egypt

text: even

text: among

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: enemies

text: Egyptian

text: political

text: scientist

text: Mahmoud

text: Hamad

text: wrote

text: that

text: prior

text: to

text: Nasser

text: had

text: consolidated

text: control

text: over

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: military

text: and

text: civilian

text: bureaucracies

text: but

text: it

text: was

text: only

text: after

text: the

text: canal

text: 's

text: nationalization

text: that

text: he

text: gained

text: near

text: total

text: popular

text: legitimacy

text: and

text: firmly

text: established

text: himself

text: as

text: the

text: charismatic

text: leader

text: and

text: spokesman

text: for

text: the

text: masses

text: not

text: only

text: in

text: Egypt

text: but

text: all

text: over

text: the

text: Third

text: World

text: According

text: to

text: Aburish

text: this

text: was

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: largest

text: pan

text: Arab

text: triumph

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: soon

text: his

text: pictures

text: were

text: to

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: tents

text: of

text: Yemen

text: the

text: souks

text: of

text: Marrakesh

text: and

text: the

text: posh

text: villas

text: of

text: Syria

text: The

text: official

text: reason

text: given

text: for

text: the

text: nationalization

text: was

text: that

text: funds

text: from

text: the

text: canal

text: would

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: the

text: dam

text: in

text: Aswan

text: That

text: same

text: day

text: Egypt

text: closed

text: the

text: canal

text: to

text: Israeli

text: shipping

question: How did the Arab world react to news of the nationalization of the Suez Canal?

answer: support

text: support

question: What nation's shipping was forbidden from using the Suez Canal?

answer: Israeli

text: Israeli

question: What US ambassador spoke about the widespread support for Nasser's nationalization of the canal?

answer: Henry A. Byroade

text: Henry A. Byroade

question: Where was Nasser believed to be a spokesman for the poor and oppressed?

answer: not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World

text: not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World


text: A high-definition remaster of the game, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD, is being developed by Tantalus Media for the Wii U. Officially announced during a Nintendo Direct presentation on November 12, 2015, it features enhanced graphics and Amiibo functionality. The game will be released in North America and Europe on March 4, 2016; in Australia on March 5, 2016; and in Japan on March 10, 2016.

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

text: A

text: high

text: definition

text: remaster

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: The

text: Legend

text: of

text: Zelda

text: Twilight

text: Princess

text: HD

text: is

text: being

text: developed

text: by

text: Tantalus

text: Media

text: for

text: the

text: Wii

text: U.

text: Officially

text: announced

text: during

text: a

text: Nintendo

text: Direct

text: presentation

text: on

text: November

text: it

text: features

text: enhanced

text: graphics

text: and

text: Amiibo

text: functionality

text: The

text: game

text: will

text: be

text: released

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: Australia

text: on

text: March

text: and

text: in

text: Japan

text: on

text: March

question: Which company is responsible for the HD version of Twilight Princess?

answer: Tantalus Media

text: Tantalus Media

question: For which console is Twilight Princess HD being made?

answer: Wii U

text: Wii U

question: When were plans for Twilight Princess HD revealed?

answer: November 12, 2015

text: November 12, 2015

question: On what date is Twilight Princess HD scheduled for Australian release?

answer: March 5, 2016

text: March 5, 2016

question: What is the name of the remastered game?

answer: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD

text: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD

question: What company is developing the remaster?

answer: Tantalus Media

text: Tantalus Media

question: What kind of functionality will the remaster feature?

answer: Amiibo

text: Amiibo

question: When will the game be released in America?

answer: March 4, 2016

text: March 4, 2016