text:
OKAZAKI, Japan (CNN) -- At Spencer Morrey's home, there are two constant sounds: his dad, Craig, murmuring, "You're okay, Spence. You're okay, buddy," and the sound of a machine clearing the toddler's airway.

Spencer Morrey, pictured with his father Craig, has severe cerebral palsy and requires 24-hour medical care.

Both sounds come every few minutes, in between hugs, tears and kisses.

Spencer has severe cerebral palsy and requires constant, 24-hour medical care.

In Japan, a country that lacks sufficient medical services for disabled children, the only person to care for Spencer is his father. Morrey says his wife left, overwhelmed by the strain of their son's medical condition.

That would be pain beyond what most parents could imagine. But Spencer's mother fled while pregnant with Morrey's daughter, Amelia. In more than a year, Morrey says he has only seen his daughter four times.

"She wouldn't recognize me," Morrey said, with Spencer propped on his lap. "She wouldn't call me daddy. She's just starting to talk now. But she's not going to know who I am. I think she deserves my love. And I think she deserves to be with Spencer and Spencer deserves to be with her."

Morrey, a native of Chicago and a U.S. citizen, was married to a Brazilian woman of Japanese descent. They divorced in a Japanese court.

Under Brazilian law, Morrey would likely have joint custody and guardianship of both children. What do you think about Spencer's case? Have your say

But in Japan, where only one parent gets custody of a child in a divorce, the family courts have left the case in legal limbo for a year because they have not decided which parent legally has custody of the children. Typically, the parent with physical custody of a child retains custody.

Morrey has stayed in Japan the last year, trying to get the courts to recognize that he has joint custody of the children in Brazil (he has not yet applied for such custody under U.S. law).  Watch Kyung Lah's report on the case Â»

He is afraid that if he heads home for the U.S. with Spencer without that, he could be subject to international child abduction laws, and he also fears such a move could hurt his chances of getting the Japanese family court to give him joint custody of his daughter.

Morrey has been forced to quit work to care for Spencer. The financial strain of living off his credit cards is adding to the stress of caring for a disabled child alone in a foreign country.

Despite his pleading with court mediators and repeated court filings claiming that joint custody is the law in both the U.S. and Brazil, Japan's slow and antiquated family courts have let the case languish.

"Kids need both parents," Morrey said. "Whether the parents are married or not is irrelevant in my mind. The Japanese courts, and I realize you're going against years and years of cultural differences and everything else, but they don't care about the welfare of the child.

"In Japan, it's considered too messy. It's too complicated. It deals with personal feelings, so they don't want to deal with it. So the best way is to not deal with it."

CNN contacted Morrey's ex-wife four times by telephone and once by fax. She declined to discuss the case.

The International Association for Parent and Child Reunion believes there are an estimated 100 American families in situations like Morrey's in Japan and dozens involving those from Britain, France and Canada.

One of those cases is that of American Christopher Savoie.

Savoie, 38, a Tennessee native and naturalized Japanese citizen, was arrested on September 28 in Yanagawa, Japan, for attempting to abduct his two children, eight-year-old Isaac and six-year-old Rebecca.  Watch more about this case Â»

Savoie drove his children to the nearest U.S. consulate in the city of Fukuoka to try and obtain passports for them.

Steps away from the front of the consulate, Japanese police arrested him. Savoie is now in jail, awaiting a decision by prosecutors on a possible indictment.

Savoie and his first wife, Noriko Savoie, were married for 14 years before their bitter divorce in January. According to court documents, she fled with the children to Japan in the summer. A U.S. court then gave Christopher Savoie sole custody of the children.

But Japanese law recognizes Noriko Savoie as the sole custodian, despite the U.S. order.

"It's like a black hole," Morrey said. "If you go through a divorce, there's this joke. If you have an international marriage with a Japanese, don't piss them off because you'll never see your kids again."

Not seeing his daughter Amelia again is what is keeping Morrey in Japan. He has been selling off everything he owns, trying to keep himself and Spencer afloat, hoping the Japanese court will bring him some legal connection to his child. He is stuck choosing between caring for his son, who needs the better resources of the U.S., and hoping to be a father to his daughter.

"How do you make that choice? It's not -- once you're a dad, you're always a dad."

text: OKAZAKI

text: Japan

text: CNN

text: At

text: Spencer

text: Morrey

text: 's

text: home

text: there

text: are

text: two

text: constant

text: sounds

text: his

text: dad

text: Craig

text: murmuring

text: You

text: 're

text: okay

text: Spence

text: You

text: 're

text: okay

text: buddy

text: and

text: the

text: sound

text: of

text: a

text: machine

text: clearing

text: the

text: toddler

text: 's

text: airway

text: Spencer

text: Morrey

text: pictured

text: with

text: his

text: father

text: Craig

text: has

text: severe

text: cerebral

text: palsy

text: and

text: requires

text: medical

text: care

text: Both

text: sounds

text: come

text: every

text: few

text: minutes

text: in

text: between

text: hugs

text: tears

text: and

text: kisses

text: Spencer

text: has

text: severe

text: cerebral

text: palsy

text: and

text: requires

text: constant

text: medical

text: care

text: In

text: Japan

text: a

text: country

text: that

text: lacks

text: sufficient

text: medical

text: services

text: for

text: disabled

text: children

text: the

text: only

text: person

text: to

text: care

text: for

text: Spencer

text: is

text: his

text: father

text: Morrey

text: says

text: his

text: wife

text: left

text: overwhelmed

text: by

text: the

text: strain

text: of

text: their

text: son

text: 's

text: medical

text: condition

text: That

text: would

text: be

text: pain

text: beyond

text: what

text: most

text: parents

text: could

text: imagine

text: But

text: Spencer

text: 's

text: mother

text: fled

text: while

text: pregnant

text: with

text: Morrey

text: 's

text: daughter

text: Amelia

text: In

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: year

text: Morrey

text: says

text: he

text: has

text: only

text: seen

text: his

text: daughter

text: four

text: times

text: She

text: would

text: n't

text: recognize

text: me

text: Morrey

text: said

text: with

text: Spencer

text: propped

text: on

text: his

text: lap

text: She

text: would

text: n't

text: call

text: me

text: daddy

text: She

text: 's

text: just

text: starting

text: to

text: talk

text: now

text: But

text: she

text: 's

text: not

text: going

text: to

text: know

text: who

text: I

text: am

text: I

text: think

text: she

text: deserves

text: my

text: love

text: And

text: I

text: think

text: she

text: deserves

text: to

text: be

text: with

text: Spencer

text: and

text: Spencer

text: deserves

text: to

text: be

text: with

text: her

text: Morrey

text: a

text: native

text: of

text: Chicago

text: and

text: a

text: U.S.

text: citizen

text: was

text: married

text: to

text: a

text: Brazilian

text: woman

text: of

text: Japanese

text: descent

text: They

text: divorced

text: in

text: a

text: Japanese

text: court

text: Under

text: Brazilian

text: law

text: Morrey

text: would

text: likely

text: have

text: joint

text: custody

text: and

text: guardianship

text: of

text: both

text: children

text: What

text: do

text: you

text: think

text: about

text: Spencer

text: 's

text: case

text: Have

text: your

text: say

text: But

text: in

text: Japan

text: where

text: only

text: one

text: parent

text: gets

text: custody

text: of

text: a

text: child

text: in

text: a

text: divorce

text: the

text: family

text: courts

text: have

text: left

text: the

text: case

text: in

text: legal

text: limbo

text: for

text: a

text: year

text: because

text: they

text: have

text: not

text: decided

text: which

text: parent

text: legally

text: has

text: custody

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: Typically

text: the

text: parent

text: with

text: physical

text: custody

text: of

text: a

text: child

text: retains

text: custody

text: Morrey

text: has

text: stayed

text: in

text: Japan

text: the

text: last

text: year

text: trying

text: to

text: get

text: the

text: courts

text: to

text: recognize

text: that

text: he

text: has

text: joint

text: custody

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: in

text: Brazil

text: he

text: has

text: not

text: yet

text: applied

text: for

text: such

text: custody

text: under

text: U.S.

text: law

text: Watch

text: Kyung

text: Lah

text: 's

text: report

text: on

text: the

text: case

text: Â

text: He

text: is

text: afraid

text: that

text: if

text: he

text: heads

text: home

text: for

text: the

text: U.S.

text: with

text: Spencer

text: without

text: that

text: he

text: could

text: be

text: subject

text: to

text: international

text: child

text: abduction

text: laws

text: and

text: he

text: also

text: fears

text: such

text: a

text: move

text: could

text: hurt

text: his

text: chances

text: of

text: getting

text: the

text: Japanese

text: family

text: court

text: to

text: give

text: him

text: joint

text: custody

text: of

text: his

text: daughter

text: Morrey

text: has

text: been

text: forced

text: to

text: quit

text: work

text: to

text: care

text: for

text: Spencer

text: The

text: financial

text: strain

text: of

text: living

text: off

text: his

text: credit

text: cards

text: is

text: adding

text: to

text: the

text: stress

text: of

text: caring

text: for

text: a

text: disabled

text: child

text: alone

text: in

text: a

text: foreign

text: country

text: Despite

text: his

text: pleading

text: with

text: court

text: mediators

text: and

text: repeated

text: court

text: filings

text: claiming

text: that

text: joint

text: custody

text: is

text: the

text: law

text: in

text: both

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: Brazil

text: Japan

text: 's

text: slow

text: and

text: antiquated

text: family

text: courts

text: have

text: let

text: the

text: case

text: languish

text: Kids

text: need

text: both

text: parents

text: Morrey

text: said

text: Whether

text: the

text: parents

text: are

text: married

text: or

text: not

text: is

text: irrelevant

text: in

text: my

text: mind

text: The

text: Japanese

text: courts

text: and

text: I

text: realize

text: you

text: 're

text: going

text: against

text: years

text: and

text: years

text: of

text: cultural

text: differences

text: and

text: everything

text: else

text: but

text: they

text: do

text: n't

text: care

text: about

text: the

text: welfare

text: of

text: the

text: child

text: In

text: Japan

text: it

text: 's

text: considered

text: too

text: messy

text: It

text: 's

text: too

text: complicated

text: It

text: deals

text: with

text: personal

text: feelings

text: so

text: they

text: do

text: n't

text: want

text: to

text: deal

text: with

text: it

text: So

text: the

text: best

text: way

text: is

text: to

text: not

text: deal

text: with

text: it

text: CNN

text: contacted

text: Morrey

text: 's

text: ex

text: wife

text: four

text: times

text: by

text: telephone

text: and

text: once

text: by

text: fax

text: She

text: declined

text: to

text: discuss

text: the

text: case

text: The

text: International

text: Association

text: for

text: Parent

text: and

text: Child

text: Reunion

text: believes

text: there

text: are

text: an

text: estimated

text: American

text: families

text: in

text: situations

text: like

text: Morrey

text: 's

text: in

text: Japan

text: and

text: dozens

text: involving

text: those

text: from

text: Britain

text: France

text: and

text: Canada

text: One

text: of

text: those

text: cases

text: is

text: that

text: of

text: American

text: Christopher

text: Savoie

text: Savoie

text: a

text: Tennessee

text: native

text: and

text: naturalized

text: Japanese

text: citizen

text: was

text: arrested

text: on

text: September

text: in

text: Yanagawa

text: Japan

text: for

text: attempting

text: to

text: abduct

text: his

text: two

text: children

text: eight

text: year

text: old

text: Isaac

text: and

text: six

text: year

text: old

text: Rebecca

text: Watch

text: more

text: about

text: this

text: case

text: Â

text: Savoie

text: drove

text: his

text: children

text: to

text: the

text: nearest

text: U.S.

text: consulate

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Fukuoka

text: to

text: try

text: and

text: obtain

text: passports

text: for

text: them

text: Steps

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: consulate

text: Japanese

text: police

text: arrested

text: him

text: Savoie

text: is

text: now

text: in

text: jail

text: awaiting

text: a

text: decision

text: by

text: prosecutors

text: on

text: a

text: possible

text: indictment

text: Savoie

text: and

text: his

text: first

text: wife

text: Noriko

text: Savoie

text: were

text: married

text: for

text: years

text: before

text: their

text: bitter

text: divorce

text: in

text: January

text: According

text: to

text: court

text: documents

text: she

text: fled

text: with

text: the

text: children

text: to

text: Japan

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: A

text: U.S.

text: court

text: then

text: gave

text: Christopher

text: Savoie

text: sole

text: custody

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: But

text: Japanese

text: law

text: recognizes

text: Noriko

text: Savoie

text: as

text: the

text: sole

text: custodian

text: despite

text: the

text: U.S.

text: order

text: It

text: 's

text: like

text: a

text: black

text: hole

text: Morrey

text: said

text: If

text: you

text: go

text: through

text: a

text: divorce

text: there

text: 's

text: this

text: joke

text: If

text: you

text: have

text: an

text: international

text: marriage

text: with

text: a

text: Japanese

text: do

text: n't

text: piss

text: them

text: off

text: because

text: you

text: 'll

text: never

text: see

text: your

text: kids

text: again

text: Not

text: seeing

text: his

text: daughter

text: Amelia

text: again

text: is

text: what

text: is

text: keeping

text: Morrey

text: in

text: Japan

text: He

text: has

text: been

text: selling

text: off

text: everything

text: he

text: owns

text: trying

text: to

text: keep

text: himself

text: and

text: Spencer

text: afloat

text: hoping

text: the

text: Japanese

text: court

text: will

text: bring

text: him

text: some

text: legal

text: connection

text: to

text: his

text: child

text: He

text: is

text: stuck

text: choosing

text: between

text: caring

text: for

text: his

text: son

text: who

text: needs

text: the

text: better

text: resources

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: hoping

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: father

text: to

text: his

text: daughter

text: How

text: do

text: you

text: make

text: that

text: choice

text: It

text: 's

text: not

text: once

text: you

text: 're

text: a

text: dad

text: you

text: 're

text: always

text: a

text: dad

question: Under Japanese law who gets custody of a child in a divorce?

answer: the parent with physical

text: the parent with physical

question: who was caring for the disabled son

answer: his dad, Craig,

text: his dad, Craig,

question: Who has sole custody of the daughter?

answer: e Christopher Savoi

text: e Christopher Savoi

question: Who wants joint custody?

answer: Morrey

text: Morrey

question: Whose wife left him to care for their disabled son?

answer: Craig,

text: Craig,

question: Who is disabled?

answer: Spencer Morrey,

text: Spencer Morrey,


text:
(CNN) -- In the shadows of Mount Redoubt, Alaskans are calmly waiting for the volcano to erupt -- an event that could occur at any time.

Alaska's Mount Redoubt volcano spews ash and steam during an eruption in 1989.

"The level of seismic activity" has "increased markedly" in recent days at the 10,197-foot peak located about 100 miles southwest of Anchorage, the state's most populous city, according to the Alaska Volcano Observatory.

"We don't have a crystal ball," said Peter Cervelli, a research geophysicist with the observatory, which is aggressively monitoring the volcano.

But "we expect based on the past behavior of this volcano that this activity is going to culminate in an eruption."

The activity has consisted "of a combination of discrete, relatively small earthquakes and periods of more continuous volcanic tremor," Cervelli said.

Scientists raised the alert status Sunday to a "watch" level, the second-highest, based on seismic activity detected January 23. PopSci.com: Predicting eruptions

The "watch" status means the "volcano is exhibiting heightened or escalating unrest with increased potential of eruption, time frame uncertain, or eruption is under way but poses limited hazards," according to the U.S. Geological Survey.

Maureen Burke, 29, a coffee shop manager in Anchorage, said she remembers the last eruption and isn't too worried this time. PopSci.com: Prehistoric explosions wiped out ocean life -- and created petroleum

She said living in Alaska and being close to nature, residents just laugh such events off, dealing with them as they come.

Falling ash is a potential problem. The best way to protect yourself from the harmful showers of ash is to wear a mask, Missy Moore, 33, said.

As an administrator and supervisor of Starbright Early Learning Center in Anchorage, Moore said, "it's really not anything to worry about just yet." PopSci.com: Google Earth environment guide

If Mount Redoubt covers nearby cities with ash, Moore said the school will adhere to the public school district's guidelines.

"If the [public] school district closes schools, our school closes too. The city of Anchorage advises citizens to stay indoors," Moore said. "The ash can get into your engines and mess up your car."

Shana Medcoff, 17, a barista in Kenai, about 50 miles from the volcano, said residents are encouraged to buy air filters for their cars. PopSci.com: Spying on a hostile landscape

Mount Redoubt last erupted nearly 20 years ago, in December 1989, and that lasted until April 1990. Geologists think there could be an eruption "similar to or smaller than the one that occurred in 1989-90."  Learn more about Redoubt and its history Â»

That eruption spread ash in Kenai and Anchorage, where it disrupted air traffic operations. Cervelli said the ash plumes caused engine failure on a jet.

"It's not the closest volcano to Anchorage," Cervelli said, but "it has the potential to disrupt air traffic at Anchorage."

The 1989-90 volcano also spurred volcanic mudflows, or lahars, that flowed east down the Drift River. The ash fall was seen as far away as Fairbanks and the Yukon Territory border.

The observatory has set up a Web camera near the summit of the volcano and another within Cook Inlet. It plans to do continuous visual surveillance, measure gas output and analyze satellite and weather-radar data.

text: CNN

text: In

text: the

text: shadows

text: of

text: Mount

text: Redoubt

text: Alaskans

text: are

text: calmly

text: waiting

text: for

text: the

text: volcano

text: to

text: erupt

text: an

text: event

text: that

text: could

text: occur

text: at

text: any

text: time

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: Mount

text: Redoubt

text: volcano

text: spews

text: ash

text: and

text: steam

text: during

text: an

text: eruption

text: in

text: The

text: level

text: of

text: seismic

text: activity

text: has

text: increased

text: markedly

text: in

text: recent

text: days

text: at

text: the

text: peak

text: located

text: about

text: miles

text: southwest

text: of

text: Anchorage

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Alaska

text: Volcano

text: Observatory

text: We

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: a

text: crystal

text: ball

text: said

text: Peter

text: Cervelli

text: a

text: research

text: geophysicist

text: with

text: the

text: observatory

text: which

text: is

text: aggressively

text: monitoring

text: the

text: volcano

text: But

text: we

text: expect

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: past

text: behavior

text: of

text: this

text: volcano

text: that

text: this

text: activity

text: is

text: going

text: to

text: culminate

text: in

text: an

text: eruption

text: The

text: activity

text: has

text: consisted

text: of

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: discrete

text: relatively

text: small

text: earthquakes

text: and

text: periods

text: of

text: more

text: continuous

text: volcanic

text: tremor

text: Cervelli

text: said

text: Scientists

text: raised

text: the

text: alert

text: status

text: Sunday

text: to

text: a

text: watch

text: level

text: the

text: second

text: highest

text: based

text: on

text: seismic

text: activity

text: detected

text: January

text: PopSci.com

text: Predicting

text: eruptions

text: The

text: watch

text: status

text: means

text: the

text: volcano

text: is

text: exhibiting

text: heightened

text: or

text: escalating

text: unrest

text: with

text: increased

text: potential

text: of

text: eruption

text: time

text: frame

text: uncertain

text: or

text: eruption

text: is

text: under

text: way

text: but

text: poses

text: limited

text: hazards

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Geological

text: Survey

text: Maureen

text: Burke

text: a

text: coffee

text: shop

text: manager

text: in

text: Anchorage

text: said

text: she

text: remembers

text: the

text: last

text: eruption

text: and

text: is

text: n't

text: too

text: worried

text: this

text: time

text: PopSci.com

text: Prehistoric

text: explosions

text: wiped

text: out

text: ocean

text: life

text: and

text: created

text: petroleum

text: She

text: said

text: living

text: in

text: Alaska

text: and

text: being

text: close

text: to

text: nature

text: residents

text: just

text: laugh

text: such

text: events

text: off

text: dealing

text: with

text: them

text: as

text: they

text: come

text: Falling

text: ash

text: is

text: a

text: potential

text: problem

text: The

text: best

text: way

text: to

text: protect

text: yourself

text: from

text: the

text: harmful

text: showers

text: of

text: ash

text: is

text: to

text: wear

text: a

text: mask

text: Missy

text: Moore

text: said

text: As

text: an

text: administrator

text: and

text: supervisor

text: of

text: Starbright

text: Early

text: Learning

text: Center

text: in

text: Anchorage

text: Moore

text: said

text: it

text: 's

text: really

text: not

text: anything

text: to

text: worry

text: about

text: just

text: yet

text: PopSci.com

text: Google

text: Earth

text: environment

text: guide

text: If

text: Mount

text: Redoubt

text: covers

text: nearby

text: cities

text: with

text: ash

text: Moore

text: said

text: the

text: school

text: will

text: adhere

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: school

text: district

text: 's

text: guidelines

text: If

text: the

text: public

text: school

text: district

text: closes

text: schools

text: our

text: school

text: closes

text: too

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Anchorage

text: advises

text: citizens

text: to

text: stay

text: indoors

text: Moore

text: said

text: The

text: ash

text: can

text: get

text: into

text: your

text: engines

text: and

text: mess

text: up

text: your

text: car

text: Shana

text: Medcoff

text: a

text: barista

text: in

text: Kenai

text: about

text: miles

text: from

text: the

text: volcano

text: said

text: residents

text: are

text: encouraged

text: to

text: buy

text: air

text: filters

text: for

text: their

text: cars

text: PopSci.com

text: Spying

text: on

text: a

text: hostile

text: landscape

text: Mount

text: Redoubt

text: last

text: erupted

text: nearly

text: years

text: ago

text: in

text: December

text: and

text: that

text: lasted

text: until

text: April

text: Geologists

text: think

text: there

text: could

text: be

text: an

text: eruption

text: similar

text: to

text: or

text: smaller

text: than

text: the

text: one

text: that

text: occurred

text: in

text: Learn

text: more

text: about

text: Redoubt

text: and

text: its

text: history

text: Â

text: That

text: eruption

text: spread

text: ash

text: in

text: Kenai

text: and

text: Anchorage

text: where

text: it

text: disrupted

text: air

text: traffic

text: operations

text: Cervelli

text: said

text: the

text: ash

text: plumes

text: caused

text: engine

text: failure

text: on

text: a

text: jet

text: It

text: 's

text: not

text: the

text: closest

text: volcano

text: to

text: Anchorage

text: Cervelli

text: said

text: but

text: it

text: has

text: the

text: potential

text: to

text: disrupt

text: air

text: traffic

text: at

text: Anchorage

text: The

text: volcano

text: also

text: spurred

text: volcanic

text: mudflows

text: or

text: lahars

text: that

text: flowed

text: east

text: down

text: the

text: Drift

text: River

text: The

text: ash

text: fall

text: was

text: seen

text: as

text: far

text: away

text: as

text: Fairbanks

text: and

text: the

text: Yukon

text: Territory

text: border

text: The

text: observatory

text: has

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: Web

text: camera

text: near

text: the

text: summit

text: of

text: the

text: volcano

text: and

text: another

text: within

text: Cook

text: Inlet

text: It

text: plans

text: to

text: do

text: continuous

text: visual

text: surveillance

text: measure

text: gas

text: output

text: and

text: analyze

text: satellite

text: and

text: weather

text: radar

text: data

question: How tall is Mount Redoubt?

answer: 10,197-foot

question: What volcano last erupted in 1989?

answer: Mount Redoubt

text: Mount Redoubt

question: What did scientists raise the alert level to?

answer: "watch"

text: "watch"

question: What did scientists do?

answer: raised the alert status Sunday to a "watch" level,

text: raised the alert status Sunday to a "watch" level,

question: When did the volcano last erupt?

answer: December 1989,

text: December 1989,

question: What does a "watch" alert level mean, in terms of severity of alerts?

answer: the second-highest,

text: the second-highest,

question: Miles southwest that Mount Redoubt is from Anchorage, Alaska?

answer: 100

question: What alert level did the scientists raise the alert?

answer: "watch"

text: "watch"

question: Where is Mount Redoubt?

answer: 100 miles southwest of Anchorage,

text: 100 miles southwest of Anchorage,


text:
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- U.S. troops routinely face the threat of roadside bombs while fighting insurgencies in Afghanistan. They need the most protective clothing the market can bear, and they're getting it -- for now.

North Carolina State University College of Textiles tests the flammability of different materials at this facility.

Back home, a battle is brewing in Congress over the next lucrative contract for military uniforms. The issue boils down to the raw fiber used in their construction.

Current uniforms are made in the United States, in Georgia, using a fabric called Defender M made by the TenCate company. It is favored by the military for its fire-resistant and breathable properties.

But the fabric is made with a type of rayon imported from Austria, which normally would violate the military's buy-American requirement.

This specific rayon cannot be produced in the United States for environmental reasons, so Congress passed an amendment allowing it to be temporarily imported. The extension expires, or "sunsets," in 2013, but that year's defense budget is being determined now. The idea of the sunset is to give U.S. manufacturers time to come up with a comparable product.

At stake: a defense contract worth hundreds of millions of dollars.

American competitors have submitted alternatives, but after independent testing at North Carolina State University College of Textiles, the Defense Department concluded that TenCate's Defender M -- with its foreign-made fibers -- is the most flame-resistant.

Dr. Roger Barker, who specializes in clothing flammability at the College of Textiles, conducted a demonstration for CNN. Based on his testing, the Army says Defender M resists fire the longest of other fabrics.

"What the new heat-resistant materials are able to do is add seconds of protection, so that seconds of protection can be the difference between a severe burn or a survival burn," Barker said.

"Life and death," echoes Sen. Johnny Isakson, R-Georgia, regarding those extra seconds of fire protection. He asked the Senate to extend the waiver.

"So long as it's the best available in the world to protect our soldiers, we absolutely ought to maximize the use," Isakson told CNN.

"There is no American competitor that can meet or exceed it," Isakson said on the Senate floor. "Obviously if there were, then that waiver would go away."

The U.S. Army's uniform procurer says soldiers prefer TenCate's product.

"They have consistently exceeded our expectations. This has proven to be a valuable fabric and well-received by our soldiers," Jeff Myhre told CNN.

In a letter to CNN, a top military official said the ability to procure the foreign rayon "a valuable authority."

"Our periodic review of rayon requirements within the Military Services and testing of alternative items that are available domestically continue to support the determination that satisfactory quality and sufficient quantity of rayon yarn conforming to the domestic source requirements cannot be procured as needed," wrote Ashton Carter, undersecretary of defense for acquisition, technology & logistics.

Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-South Carolina, opposed Isakson's amendment, debating on the Senate floor that it "permanently extends this waiver and will end all efforts to produce a domestic material to make military uniforms."

Sen. Jim Webb, D-Virginia, agrees with Graham that U.S. companies won't have an incentive to invest in research and development. He says the exception was supposed to be temporary, and "favors foreign suppliers of rayon over our own American companies."

He argued on the Senate floor that in due time, U.S. companies would be able to demonstrate an ability to manufacture materials that meet Army requirements. He's also worried about jobs.

"Some companies, like DuPont, for example, have already lost hundreds of jobs owing to their inability to compete for Army contracts," he said.

The Senate voted, and the nays had it. No extension, no more imports of this fabric as of 2013.

What next? The House of Representatives is expected to take up the bill when members return from the August recess.

Isakson is confident his argument will prevail.

"Facts are stubborn things. I think when the facts get out they'll understand it's the right thing to do. Our armed forces want it and it's the best thing for our soldiers," he said.

Pentagon Correspondent Chris Lawrence contributed to this report.

text: WASHINGTON

text: CNN

text: U.S.

text: troops

text: routinely

text: face

text: the

text: threat

text: of

text: roadside

text: bombs

text: while

text: fighting

text: insurgencies

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: They

text: need

text: the

text: most

text: protective

text: clothing

text: the

text: market

text: can

text: bear

text: and

text: they

text: 're

text: getting

text: it

text: for

text: now

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: University

text: College

text: of

text: Textiles

text: tests

text: the

text: flammability

text: of

text: different

text: materials

text: at

text: this

text: facility

text: Back

text: home

text: a

text: battle

text: is

text: brewing

text: in

text: Congress

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: lucrative

text: contract

text: for

text: military

text: uniforms

text: The

text: issue

text: boils

text: down

text: to

text: the

text: raw

text: fiber

text: used

text: in

text: their

text: construction

text: Current

text: uniforms

text: are

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: Georgia

text: using

text: a

text: fabric

text: called

text: Defender

text: M

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: TenCate

text: company

text: It

text: is

text: favored

text: by

text: the

text: military

text: for

text: its

text: fire

text: resistant

text: and

text: breathable

text: properties

text: But

text: the

text: fabric

text: is

text: made

text: with

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: rayon

text: imported

text: from

text: Austria

text: which

text: normally

text: would

text: violate

text: the

text: military

text: 's

text: buy

text: American

text: requirement

text: This

text: specific

text: rayon

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: produced

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: for

text: environmental

text: reasons

text: so

text: Congress

text: passed

text: an

text: amendment

text: allowing

text: it

text: to

text: be

text: temporarily

text: imported

text: The

text: extension

text: expires

text: or

text: sunsets

text: in

text: but

text: that

text: year

text: 's

text: defense

text: budget

text: is

text: being

text: determined

text: now

text: The

text: idea

text: of

text: the

text: sunset

text: is

text: to

text: give

text: U.S.

text: manufacturers

text: time

text: to

text: come

text: up

text: with

text: a

text: comparable

text: product

text: At

text: stake

text: a

text: defense

text: contract

text: worth

text: hundreds

text: of

text: millions

text: of

text: dollars

text: American

text: competitors

text: have

text: submitted

text: alternatives

text: but

text: after

text: independent

text: testing

text: at

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: University

text: College

text: of

text: Textiles

text: the

text: Defense

text: Department

text: concluded

text: that

text: TenCate

text: 's

text: Defender

text: M

text: with

text: its

text: foreign

text: made

text: fibers

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: flame

text: resistant

text: Dr.

text: Roger

text: Barker

text: who

text: specializes

text: in

text: clothing

text: flammability

text: at

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Textiles

text: conducted

text: a

text: demonstration

text: for

text: CNN

text: Based

text: on

text: his

text: testing

text: the

text: Army

text: says

text: Defender

text: M

text: resists

text: fire

text: the

text: longest

text: of

text: other

text: fabrics

text: What

text: the

text: new

text: heat

text: resistant

text: materials

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: do

text: is

text: add

text: seconds

text: of

text: protection

text: so

text: that

text: seconds

text: of

text: protection

text: can

text: be

text: the

text: difference

text: between

text: a

text: severe

text: burn

text: or

text: a

text: survival

text: burn

text: Barker

text: said

text: Life

text: and

text: death

text: echoes

text: Sen.

text: Johnny

text: Isakson

text: R

text: Georgia

text: regarding

text: those

text: extra

text: seconds

text: of

text: fire

text: protection

text: He

text: asked

text: the

text: Senate

text: to

text: extend

text: the

text: waiver

text: So

text: long

text: as

text: it

text: 's

text: the

text: best

text: available

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: to

text: protect

text: our

text: soldiers

text: we

text: absolutely

text: ought

text: to

text: maximize

text: the

text: use

text: Isakson

text: told

text: CNN

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: American

text: competitor

text: that

text: can

text: meet

text: or

text: exceed

text: it

text: Isakson

text: said

text: on

text: the

text: Senate

text: floor

text: Obviously

text: if

text: there

text: were

text: then

text: that

text: waiver

text: would

text: go

text: away

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: 's

text: uniform

text: procurer

text: says

text: soldiers

text: prefer

text: TenCate

text: 's

text: product

text: They

text: have

text: consistently

text: exceeded

text: our

text: expectations

text: This

text: has

text: proven

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: valuable

text: fabric

text: and

text: well

text: received

text: by

text: our

text: soldiers

text: Jeff

text: Myhre

text: told

text: CNN

text: In

text: a

text: letter

text: to

text: CNN

text: a

text: top

text: military

text: official

text: said

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: procure

text: the

text: foreign

text: rayon

text: a

text: valuable

text: authority

text: Our

text: periodic

text: review

text: of

text: rayon

text: requirements

text: within

text: the

text: Military

text: Services

text: and

text: testing

text: of

text: alternative

text: items

text: that

text: are

text: available

text: domestically

text: continue

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: determination

text: that

text: satisfactory

text: quality

text: and

text: sufficient

text: quantity

text: of

text: rayon

text: yarn

text: conforming

text: to

text: the

text: domestic

text: source

text: requirements

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: procured

text: as

text: needed

text: wrote

text: Ashton

text: Carter

text: undersecretary

text: of

text: defense

text: for

text: acquisition

text: technology

text: logistics

text: Sen.

text: Lindsey

text: Graham

text: R

text: South

text: Carolina

text: opposed

text: Isakson

text: 's

text: amendment

text: debating

text: on

text: the

text: Senate

text: floor

text: that

text: it

text: permanently

text: extends

text: this

text: waiver

text: and

text: will

text: end

text: all

text: efforts

text: to

text: produce

text: a

text: domestic

text: material

text: to

text: make

text: military

text: uniforms

text: Sen.

text: Jim

text: Webb

text: D

text: Virginia

text: agrees

text: with

text: Graham

text: that

text: U.S.

text: companies

text: wo

text: n't

text: have

text: an

text: incentive

text: to

text: invest

text: in

text: research

text: and

text: development

text: He

text: says

text: the

text: exception

text: was

text: supposed

text: to

text: be

text: temporary

text: and

text: favors

text: foreign

text: suppliers

text: of

text: rayon

text: over

text: our

text: own

text: American

text: companies

text: He

text: argued

text: on

text: the

text: Senate

text: floor

text: that

text: in

text: due

text: time

text: U.S.

text: companies

text: would

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: demonstrate

text: an

text: ability

text: to

text: manufacture

text: materials

text: that

text: meet

text: Army

text: requirements

text: He

text: 's

text: also

text: worried

text: about

text: jobs

text: Some

text: companies

text: like

text: DuPont

text: for

text: example

text: have

text: already

text: lost

text: hundreds

text: of

text: jobs

text: owing

text: to

text: their

text: inability

text: to

text: compete

text: for

text: Army

text: contracts

text: he

text: said

text: The

text: Senate

text: voted

text: and

text: the

text: nays

text: had

text: it

text: No

text: extension

text: no

text: more

text: imports

text: of

text: this

text: fabric

text: as

text: of

text: What

text: next

text: The

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: take

text: up

text: the

text: bill

text: when

text: members

text: return

text: from

text: the

text: August

text: recess

text: Isakson

text: is

text: confident

text: his

text: argument

text: will

text: prevail

text: Facts

text: are

text: stubborn

text: things

text: I

text: think

text: when

text: the

text: facts

text: get

text: out

text: they

text: 'll

text: understand

text: it

text: 's

text: the

text: right

text: thing

text: to

text: do

text: Our

text: armed

text: forces

text: want

text: it

text: and

text: it

text: 's

text: the

text: best

text: thing

text: for

text: our

text: soldiers

text: he

text: said

text: Pentagon

text: Correspondent

text: Chris

text: Lawrence

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: Where are the uniforms made?

answer: in the United States, in Georgia,

text: in the United States, in Georgia,

question: Where is the special rayon  used for Defender M from?

answer: Austria,

text: Austria,

question: The TenCate company is using a fabric called what?

answer: Defender M

text: Defender M

question: What kind of fabric are the uniforms made out of?

answer: type of rayon imported from Austria,

text: type of rayon imported from Austria,

question: Which company makes the uniforms?

answer: TenCate

text: TenCate

question: What fabric is used?

answer: Defender M

text: Defender M

question: What will the amendment allow?

answer: to be temporarily imported.

text: to be temporarily imported.

question: The amendment at issue would continue to allow what?

answer: rayon

text: rayon

question: The fabric is favored by who?

answer: the military

text: the military


text:
(CNN) -- Heavy rain that has killed at least 60 people in Central America is not expected to let up soon, authorities said Monday.

El Salvador is the country hit hardest so far. The government has declared a state of emergency and ordered evacuations.

At least 32 people have died in El Salvador, including several children, according to the country's civil protection director. Some were swept away attempting to cross swollen rivers, while others were killed when the walls of their homes collapsed.

"The temporary evacuation of the population in some parts of the country is meant to avoid casualties caused by mudslides," said Salvadoran President Mauricio Funes, who also ordered the cancellation of school classes.

In Guatemala, the death toll stands at 28 and close to 110,000 people have been affected by the rain.

President Alvaro Colom said that 15,000 more people are at risk and roughly 12,000 are in shelters, according to a statement on his website.

"We're praying to God for help," said Celida Yesenia Lopez, a Guatemalan flood survivor who lost her home. "It's very sad."

Honduras was similarly struck. The majority of the country's 18 departments are under alert and some 13,000 people have been affected.

Central America has been hammered by torrential rain since last week. Jova struck Mexico as a Category 2 hurricane late Tuesday. It weakened into a tropical storm and then a tropical depression as it moved over western Mexico. At the same time, Tropical Depression 12-E, which never reached tropical storm strength, brought the heavy rain to El Salvador and its neighbors.

More rain is forecast in the region.

text: CNN

text: Heavy

text: rain

text: that

text: has

text: killed

text: at

text: least

text: people

text: in

text: Central

text: America

text: is

text: not

text: expected

text: to

text: let

text: up

text: soon

text: authorities

text: said

text: Monday

text: El

text: Salvador

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: hit

text: hardest

text: so

text: far

text: The

text: government

text: has

text: declared

text: a

text: state

text: of

text: emergency

text: and

text: ordered

text: evacuations

text: At

text: least

text: people

text: have

text: died

text: in

text: El

text: Salvador

text: including

text: several

text: children

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: civil

text: protection

text: director

text: Some

text: were

text: swept

text: away

text: attempting

text: to

text: cross

text: swollen

text: rivers

text: while

text: others

text: were

text: killed

text: when

text: the

text: walls

text: of

text: their

text: homes

text: collapsed

text: The

text: temporary

text: evacuation

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: in

text: some

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: meant

text: to

text: avoid

text: casualties

text: caused

text: by

text: mudslides

text: said

text: Salvadoran

text: President

text: Mauricio

text: Funes

text: who

text: also

text: ordered

text: the

text: cancellation

text: of

text: school

text: classes

text: In

text: Guatemala

text: the

text: death

text: toll

text: stands

text: at

text: and

text: close

text: to

text: people

text: have

text: been

text: affected

text: by

text: the

text: rain

text: President

text: Alvaro

text: Colom

text: said

text: that

text: more

text: people

text: are

text: at

text: risk

text: and

text: roughly

text: are

text: in

text: shelters

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: statement

text: on

text: his

text: website

text: We

text: 're

text: praying

text: to

text: God

text: for

text: help

text: said

text: Celida

text: Yesenia

text: Lopez

text: a

text: Guatemalan

text: flood

text: survivor

text: who

text: lost

text: her

text: home

text: It

text: 's

text: very

text: sad

text: Honduras

text: was

text: similarly

text: struck

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: departments

text: are

text: under

text: alert

text: and

text: some

text: people

text: have

text: been

text: affected

text: Central

text: America

text: has

text: been

text: hammered

text: by

text: torrential

text: rain

text: since

text: last

text: week

text: Jova

text: struck

text: Mexico

text: as

text: a

text: Category

text: hurricane

text: late

text: Tuesday

text: It

text: weakened

text: into

text: a

text: tropical

text: storm

text: and

text: then

text: a

text: tropical

text: depression

text: as

text: it

text: moved

text: over

text: western

text: Mexico

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: Tropical

text: Depression

text: which

text: never

text: reached

text: tropical

text: storm

text: strength

text: brought

text: the

text: heavy

text: rain

text: to

text: El

text: Salvador

text: and

text: its

text: neighbors

text: More

text: rain

text: is

text: forecast

text: in

text: the

text: region

question: where are evacuations  in effect?

answer: El Salvador

text: El Salvador

question: Where are evacuations in effect?

answer: El Salvador

text: El Salvador

question: how many were killed in Guatemala?

answer: 28

question: How many people are killed in Guatemala?

answer: 28

question: how many  people are dead in  El Salvador?

answer: 32


text:
(CNN) -- It has the curves of a Lamborghini, looks like something an astronaut might take into space and weighs only 10.3 ounces.

Amazon's Kindle e-reader is wireless and can hold about 200 books, plus newspapers and magazines.

Amazon.com's electronic Kindle reader -- a device meant to remove the paper from the page and make reading both more convenient and eco-friendly -- is celebrating its first birthday.

Released in November 2007, the Kindle has sold more than a quarter million units. Its texts account for 10 percent of Amazon's book sales despite the fact that 200,000 titles -- a tiny fraction of the books offered on the site -- are available in digital form.

While exact sales figures are hard to come by, recent estimates have put the Kindle's sales on par with other high-profile mobile devices in their first year. Amazon.com says that the Kindle is currently sold out due to heavy demand.

So what has spurred its success? After all, electronic books have been around, in small numbers, for about a decade. Even Jeff Bezos, Amazon's founder and CEO, has admitted that the book is "elegantly suited to its purpose. It's hard to improve on."

One thing that's helped the Kindle is marketing. Where other readers failed to connect with consumers, the Kindle has excelled. The media-savvy Bezos has hardly been publicity shy, gaining his electronic toy a level of exposure most CEOs couldn't begin to fathom.

"You can't discount the prominence of having Amazon behind this," says Paul Reynolds, technology editor at Consumer Reports. "Jeff Bezos is respected for what he's done with Amazon, and if he feels this is a future product in media, people are willing to trust him."

Second, the gadget has been heralded by Oprah Winfrey, whose influence in the publishing world is immense. It's also been embraced by some prominent writers, including Nobel laureate Toni Morrison and best-selling thriller author James Patterson.

Third, with more and more consumers accustomed to reading text on their cell phones and BlackBerrys, the world finally may be ready for an electronic version of a book.

"I checked it out on Amazon and thought it was an intriguing idea, a great way to have a lot of books that don't take up a lot of space," says Emily Branch of Florida, who was moved to buy a Kindle after seeing the hosts of "The View" chatting about it.

"I figured if I didn't like it I could return it within 30 days," Branch says. "There wasn't a chance of that happening once I got it in my hands though."

One clutter-killing Kindle can hold about 200 books. And while other e-readers such as Sony's Reader must connect through a USB port to upload content, the Kindle is a wireless device, thanks to Whispernet, which is powered by Sprint's high-speed data network.

"I think the Whispernet is what sets the Kindle apart from all the other e-readers on the market," says Leslie Nicoll of Portland, Maine, who co-authored "The Amazon Kindle F.A.Q." book after her tech-loving teenage daughter urged her to get a Kindle.

Like Branch, Nicoll says she likes the Kindle's low-impact effect on her bookshelves. "I don't have to worry about giving it to someone else, reselling it on Amazon or finding a place to store it in my house," she says. "For the enjoyment and convenience, it has given me in the past seven months, I consider that it has paid for itself already."

Readers can visit Amazon's online store and upload a new book right to their Kindle. Subscribers also can have electronic versions of The New York Times and other newspapers and magazines delivered automatically to their Kindles in time for reading with their morning cup of coffee.

"The large and tightly interacting collection of Kindle features, that go far beyond those of any other previous e-Book attempt, will cause the Kindle to be the first e-Book to succeed," wrote one reviewer on an Amazon discussion board.

But not everything in Kindle world is roses and gumdrops. There's a difference between modest early success and making a centuries-old print format obsolete. The Kindle sells for $359, a steep price for the average reader in the current economic climate.

"I'm not going to pay $360 for that. I can get books for free," says Nikki Johnson, a college student in Atlanta, Georgia, speaking for traditionalists who are wary of giving up their bound paper volumes.

"There's nothing like reading a nice paperback," she says. "There's nothing like holding or carrying a book, having that tangible quality and it being more than just a piece of data."

So in an unforgiving economy and in a stubbornly old-fashioned medium, will the Kindle ever expand from a tech novelty to a mainstream accessory? It might be too soon to tell.

Blockbuster writers such as J.K. Rowling, author of the "Harry Potter" series, have said they'll never allow their books to appear on the market in electronic form. Yet future, better versions of e-readers may seduce younger consumers who grew up on PSPs and iPhones.

A next-generation model of the Kindle is due in 2009. Early reports indicate the new device will be thinner and will have fixed some current design bugs, such as poorly placed buttons that cause readers to turn pages accidentally.

"I think it's certainly a ways away from hitting the mainstream ... because of the price and the experience a reader gets from long-form reading," says Reynolds of Consumer Reports. "Whether these ... are successful, stand-alone devices remains to be seen. From what I've seen and heard, I think the technology is here to stay."

text: CNN

text: It

text: has

text: the

text: curves

text: of

text: a

text: Lamborghini

text: looks

text: like

text: something

text: an

text: astronaut

text: might

text: take

text: into

text: space

text: and

text: weighs

text: only

text: ounces

text: Amazon

text: 's

text: Kindle

text: e

text: reader

text: is

text: wireless

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text: hold

text: about

text: books

text: plus

text: newspapers

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text: Amazon.com

text: 's

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text: reader

text: a

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text: meant

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text: and

text: make

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text: both

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text: convenient

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text: eco

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text: is

text: celebrating

text: its

text: first

text: birthday

text: Released

text: in

text: November

text: the

text: Kindle

text: has

text: sold

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: quarter

text: million

text: units

text: Its

text: texts

text: account

text: for

text: percent

text: of

text: Amazon

text: 's

text: book

text: sales

text: despite

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: titles

text: a

text: tiny

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text: the

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text: While

text: exact

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text: the

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text: a

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text: Even

text: Jeff

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text: 's

text: founder

text: and

text: CEO

text: has

text: admitted

text: that

text: the

text: book

text: is

text: elegantly

text: suited

text: to

text: its

text: purpose

text: It

text: 's

text: hard

text: to

text: improve

text: on

text: One

text: thing

text: that

text: 's

text: helped

text: the

text: Kindle

text: is

text: marketing

text: Where

text: other

text: readers

text: failed

text: to

text: connect

text: with

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text: the

text: Kindle

text: has

text: excelled

text: The

text: media

text: savvy

text: Bezos

text: has

text: hardly

text: been

text: publicity

text: shy

text: gaining

text: his

text: electronic

text: toy

text: a

text: level

text: of

text: exposure

text: most

text: CEOs

text: could

text: n't

text: begin

text: to

text: fathom

text: You

text: ca

text: n't

text: discount

text: the

text: prominence

text: of

text: having

text: Amazon

text: behind

text: this

text: says

text: Paul

text: Reynolds

text: technology

text: editor

text: at

text: Consumer

text: Reports

text: Jeff

text: Bezos

text: is

text: respected

text: for

text: what

text: he

text: 's

text: done

text: with

text: Amazon

text: and

text: if

text: he

text: feels

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: future

text: product

text: in

text: media

text: people

text: are

text: willing

text: to

text: trust

text: him

text: Second

text: the

text: gadget

text: has

text: been

text: heralded

text: by

text: Oprah

text: Winfrey

text: whose

text: influence

text: in

text: the

text: publishing

text: world

text: is

text: immense

text: It

text: 's

text: also

text: been

text: embraced

text: by

text: some

text: prominent

text: writers

text: including

text: Nobel

text: laureate

text: Toni

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text: and

text: best

text: selling

text: thriller

text: author

text: James

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text: Third

text: with

text: more

text: and

text: more

text: consumers

text: accustomed

text: to

text: reading

text: text

text: on

text: their

text: cell

text: phones

text: and

text: BlackBerrys

text: the

text: world

text: finally

text: may

text: be

text: ready

text: for

text: an

text: electronic

text: version

text: of

text: a

text: book

text: I

text: checked

text: it

text: out

text: on

text: Amazon

text: and

text: thought

text: it

text: was

text: an

text: intriguing

text: idea

text: a

text: great

text: way

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: books

text: that

text: do

text: n't

text: take

text: up

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: space

text: says

text: Emily

text: Branch

text: of

text: Florida

text: who

text: was

text: moved

text: to

text: buy

text: a

text: Kindle

text: after

text: seeing

text: the

text: hosts

text: of

text: The

text: View

text: chatting

text: about

text: it

text: I

text: figured

text: if

text: I

text: did

text: n't

text: like

text: it

text: I

text: could

text: return

text: it

text: within

text: days

text: Branch

text: says

text: There

text: was

text: n't

text: a

text: chance

text: of

text: that

text: happening

text: once

text: I

text: got

text: it

text: in

text: my

text: hands

text: though

text: One

text: clutter

text: killing

text: Kindle

text: can

text: hold

text: about

text: books

text: And

text: while

text: other

text: e

text: readers

text: such

text: as

text: Sony

text: 's

text: Reader

text: must

text: connect

text: through

text: a

text: USB

text: port

text: to

text: upload

text: content

text: the

text: Kindle

text: is

text: a

text: wireless

text: device

text: thanks

text: to

text: Whispernet

text: which

text: is

text: powered

text: by

text: Sprint

text: 's

text: high

text: speed

text: data

text: network

text: I

text: think

text: the

text: Whispernet

text: is

text: what

text: sets

text: the

text: Kindle

text: apart

text: from

text: all

text: the

text: other

text: e

text: readers

text: on

text: the

text: market

text: says

text: Leslie

text: Nicoll

text: of

text: Portland

text: Maine

text: who

text: co

text: authored

text: The

text: Amazon

text: Kindle

text: F.A.Q.

text: book

text: after

text: her

text: tech

text: loving

text: teenage

text: daughter

text: urged

text: her

text: to

text: get

text: a

text: Kindle

text: Like

text: Branch

text: Nicoll

text: says

text: she

text: likes

text: the

text: Kindle

text: 's

text: low

text: impact

text: effect

text: on

text: her

text: bookshelves

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: to

text: worry

text: about

text: giving

text: it

text: to

text: someone

text: else

text: reselling

text: it

text: on

text: Amazon

text: or

text: finding

text: a

text: place

text: to

text: store

text: it

text: in

text: my

text: house

text: she

text: says

text: For

text: the

text: enjoyment

text: and

text: convenience

text: it

text: has

text: given

text: me

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: seven

text: months

text: I

text: consider

text: that

text: it

text: has

text: paid

text: for

text: itself

text: already

text: Readers

text: can

text: visit

text: Amazon

text: 's

text: online

text: store

text: and

text: upload

text: a

text: new

text: book

text: right

text: to

text: their

text: Kindle

text: Subscribers

text: also

text: can

text: have

text: electronic

text: versions

text: of

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: Times

text: and

text: other

text: newspapers

text: and

text: magazines

text: delivered

text: automatically

text: to

text: their

text: Kindles

text: in

text: time

text: for

text: reading

text: with

text: their

text: morning

text: cup

text: of

text: coffee

text: The

text: large

text: and

text: tightly

text: interacting

text: collection

text: of

text: Kindle

text: features

text: that

text: go

text: far

text: beyond

text: those

text: of

text: any

text: other

text: previous

text: e

text: Book

text: attempt

text: will

text: cause

text: the

text: Kindle

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: first

text: e

text: Book

text: to

text: succeed

text: wrote

text: one

text: reviewer

text: on

text: an

text: Amazon

text: discussion

text: board

text: But

text: not

text: everything

text: in

text: Kindle

text: world

text: is

text: roses

text: and

text: gumdrops

text: There

text: 's

text: a

text: difference

text: between

text: modest

text: early

text: success

text: and

text: making

text: a

text: centuries

text: old

text: print

text: format

text: obsolete

text: The

text: Kindle

text: sells

text: for

text: a

text: steep

text: price

text: for

text: the

text: average

text: reader

text: in

text: the

text: current

text: economic

text: climate

text: I

text: 'm

text: not

text: going

text: to

text: pay

text: for

text: that

text: I

text: can

text: get

text: books

text: for

text: free

text: says

text: Nikki

text: Johnson

text: a

text: college

text: student

text: in

text: Atlanta

text: Georgia

text: speaking

text: for

text: traditionalists

text: who

text: are

text: wary

text: of

text: giving

text: up

text: their

text: bound

text: paper

text: volumes

text: There

text: 's

text: nothing

text: like

text: reading

text: a

text: nice

text: paperback

text: she

text: says

text: There

text: 's

text: nothing

text: like

text: holding

text: or

text: carrying

text: a

text: book

text: having

text: that

text: tangible

text: quality

text: and

text: it

text: being

text: more

text: than

text: just

text: a

text: piece

text: of

text: data

text: So

text: in

text: an

text: unforgiving

text: economy

text: and

text: in

text: a

text: stubbornly

text: old

text: fashioned

text: medium

text: will

text: the

text: Kindle

text: ever

text: expand

text: from

text: a

text: tech

text: novelty

text: to

text: a

text: mainstream

text: accessory

text: It

text: might

text: be

text: too

text: soon

text: to

text: tell

text: Blockbuster

text: writers

text: such

text: as

text: J.K.

text: Rowling

text: author

text: of

text: the

text: Harry

text: Potter

text: series

text: have

text: said

text: they

text: 'll

text: never

text: allow

text: their

text: books

text: to

text: appear

text: on

text: the

text: market

text: in

text: electronic

text: form

text: Yet

text: future

text: better

text: versions

text: of

text: e

text: readers

text: may

text: seduce

text: younger

text: consumers

text: who

text: grew

text: up

text: on

text: PSPs

text: and

text: iPhones

text: A

text: next

text: generation

text: model

text: of

text: the

text: Kindle

text: is

text: due

text: in

text: Early

text: reports

text: indicate

text: the

text: new

text: device

text: will

text: be

text: thinner

text: and

text: will

text: have

text: fixed

text: some

text: current

text: design

text: bugs

text: such

text: as

text: poorly

text: placed

text: buttons

text: that

text: cause

text: readers

text: to

text: turn

text: pages

text: accidentally

text: I

text: think

text: it

text: 's

text: certainly

text: a

text: ways

text: away

text: from

text: hitting

text: the

text: mainstream

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: price

text: and

text: the

text: experience

text: a

text: reader

text: gets

text: from

text: long

text: form

text: reading

text: says

text: Reynolds

text: of

text: Consumer

text: Reports

text: Whether

text: these

text: are

text: successful

text: stand

text: alone

text: devices

text: remains

text: to

text: be

text: seen

text: From

text: what

text: I

text: 've

text: seen

text: and

text: heard

text: I

text: think

text: the

text: technology

text: is

text: here

text: to

text: stay

question: How many books does the device hold?

answer: 200

question: What did J.K. Rowling vow?

answer: they'll never allow their books to appear on the market in electronic form.

text: they'll never allow their books to appear on the market in electronic form.

question: What does J.K. Rowling vow?

answer: never allow their books to appear on the market in electronic form.

text: never allow their books to appear on the market in electronic form.

question: Do any famous people like using the Kindle?

answer: Oprah Winfrey,

text: Oprah Winfrey,

question: What is Kindle celebrating?

answer: first birthday.

text: first birthday.

question: How many Kindle readers have been sold?

answer: more than a quarter million units.

text: more than a quarter million units.


text:
(CNN) -- "Which is more important -- the customer being king or the employees being highly motivated (keeping in mind reduction of operating expenses and being competitive)?" - Ronald Mahondo, I&M Bank, Kenya

The customer is king. The customer is always right. These are phrases that have been with us for a while. As business and marketing environments have become tougher, it's true that those companies that have found out what the king wants -- and provided it -- have been successful. This would make it easy, if only it was clear which king to ask.

Many companies draw a distinction between "consumers," those who are the end-user of a product or service, and "customers," those who are the trade, distributors and so on. This kind of customer is very powerful indeed -- especially if they are Wal-Mart or Tescos. So which customer is more king than the other? And what if they don't agree on what they want? Sounds like war.

In global companies the complexity rises. They have consumers and customers, but it's also common that employees of that company are also customers of other employees. A trend at the moment is that regional employees are customers for central employees. Motivation and, more importantly, aligned goals, are absolutely critical to success. Getting this wrong can be costly in many ways -- not least in morale, time and money.

The real truth is that this is not a question of "or." Customer and employee satisfaction and motivation are critical. The challenge is to create a virtuous circle. Motivated employees are a great way of delivering what the customer wants, be that service, fast moving consumer goods, innovation, or anything else, and happy customers make employees feel rewarded.

Of course, the virtuous circle has to start somewhere. In creative industries such as ours, often the job is to stretch further than the customer can see. They can tell you what they like today, but tomorrow looks misty and murky. A motivated group of creative individuals love nothing more than the art of invention, the creation of the new, the alchemy of an idea. If you want a king, it's the idea, not the customer or the employee.

Being competitive comes from having better ideas than your competition: an idea about targeting a particular group of people, an idea about a new product, an idea about how or where to distribute it, or an idea about how to advertise it.

In 1944 James Webb Young, an employee of JWT, defined an idea as "nothing more or less than a new combination of old elements." It's a definition that we continue to find very useful today. Your customers are an excellent source of the familiar; a highly motivated employee will most likely be the one who combines the familiar in a new way, creating the idea, and the competitive edge.

On my way to work this morning with a trainload of people in glorious iPod isolation, I wondered what kind of company Apple would be today if the employees had been thinking the customer was king instead of working out how to combine some music with a little bit of one of their computers.

text: CNN

text: Which

text: is

text: more

text: important

text: the

text: customer

text: being

text: king

text: or

text: the

text: employees

text: being

text: highly

text: motivated

text: keeping

text: in

text: mind

text: reduction

text: of

text: operating

text: expenses

text: and

text: being

text: competitive

text: Ronald

text: Mahondo

text: I&M

text: Bank

text: Kenya

text: The

text: customer

text: is

text: king

text: The

text: customer

text: is

text: always

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text: are

text: phrases

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text: have

text: been

text: with

text: us

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text: while

text: As

text: business

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text: have

text: become

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text: 's

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text: only

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text: not

text: least

text: in

text: morale

text: time

text: and

text: money

text: The

text: real

text: truth

text: is

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: question

text: of

text: or

text: Customer

text: and

text: employee

text: satisfaction

text: and

text: motivation

text: are

text: critical

text: The

text: challenge

text: is

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: virtuous

text: circle

text: Motivated

text: employees

text: are

text: a

text: great

text: way

text: of

text: delivering

text: what

text: the

text: customer

text: wants

text: be

text: that

text: service

text: fast

text: moving

text: consumer

text: goods

text: innovation

text: or

text: anything

text: else

text: and

text: happy

text: customers

text: make

text: employees

text: feel

text: rewarded

text: Of

text: course

text: the

text: virtuous

text: circle

text: has

text: to

text: start

text: somewhere

text: In

text: creative

text: industries

text: such

text: as

text: ours

text: often

text: the

text: job

text: is

text: to

text: stretch

text: further

text: than

text: the

text: customer

text: can

text: see

text: They

text: can

text: tell

text: you

text: what

text: they

text: like

text: today

text: but

text: tomorrow

text: looks

text: misty

text: and

text: murky

text: A

text: motivated

text: group

text: of

text: creative

text: individuals

text: love

text: nothing

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: art

text: of

text: invention

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: the

text: alchemy

text: of

text: an

text: idea

text: If

text: you

text: want

text: a

text: king

text: it

text: 's

text: the

text: idea

text: not

text: the

text: customer

text: or

text: the

text: employee

text: Being

text: competitive

text: comes

text: from

text: having

text: better

text: ideas

text: than

text: your

text: competition

text: an

text: idea

text: about

text: targeting

text: a

text: particular

text: group

text: of

text: people

text: an

text: idea

text: about

text: a

text: new

text: product

text: an

text: idea

text: about

text: how

text: or

text: where

text: to

text: distribute

text: it

text: or

text: an

text: idea

text: about

text: how

text: to

text: advertise

text: it

text: In

text: James

text: Webb

text: Young

text: an

text: employee

text: of

text: JWT

text: defined

text: an

text: idea

text: as

text: nothing

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: than

text: a

text: new

text: combination

text: of

text: old

text: elements

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: definition

text: that

text: we

text: continue

text: to

text: find

text: very

text: useful

text: today

text: Your

text: customers

text: are

text: an

text: excellent

text: source

text: of

text: the

text: familiar

text: a

text: highly

text: motivated

text: employee

text: will

text: most

text: likely

text: be

text: the

text: one

text: who

text: combines

text: the

text: familiar

text: in

text: a

text: new

text: way

text: creating

text: the

text: idea

text: and

text: the

text: competitive

text: edge

text: On

text: my

text: way

text: to

text: work

text: this

text: morning

text: with

text: a

text: trainload

text: of

text: people

text: in

text: glorious

text: iPod

text: isolation

text: I

text: wondered

text: what

text: kind

text: of

text: company

text: Apple

text: would

text: be

text: today

text: if

text: the

text: employees

text: had

text: been

text: thinking

text: the

text: customer

text: was

text: king

text: instead

text: of

text: working

text: out

text: how

text: to

text: combine

text: some

text: music

text: with

text: a

text: little

text: bit

text: of

text: one

text: of

text: their

text: computers

question: What are critical to success?

answer: Motivation and, more importantly, aligned goals, are absolutely

text: Motivation and, more importantly, aligned goals, are absolutely

question: What is JWT idea?

answer: "nothing more or less than a new combination of old elements."

text: "nothing more or less than a new combination of old elements."

question: What comes from being competitive?

answer: having better ideas than your competition:

text: having better ideas than your competition:

question: What was JWT's idea?

answer: hing more or less than a new combination of old elements." It's

text: hing more or less than a new combination of old elements." It's

question: What does being competitive come from?

answer: having better ideas than your competition:

text: having better ideas than your competition:


text:
Editor's note: Col. Ann Wright, who served for 29 years in the U.S. Army and Army Reserves, was one of the first State Department officers to open the U.S. Embassy in Kabul in 2001. She resigned from the State Department in protest the day the Iraq War began. She had served as a diplomat for 16 years and received the State Department's Award for Heroism. Paul Kawika Martin is Peace Action's political director and the founder of the Afghanistan Policy Working Group.

President Obama just announced he plans to send 30,000 more troops into Afghanistan, where hatred of the U.S. grows every day. Next door, nuclear-armed Pakistan tilts toward disaster. It's time for Americans to insist on a nonmilitary way out of this mess.

We recently returned from a CodePink study trip to Afghanistan, and our expertise and experience points to a strategy of transitioning from military to political and economic solutions that will help Afghans while making Americans safer.

The first step in providing Afghans security and weakening the Taliban and violent extremists is to remove recruiting incentives. It's time to stop air and Predator drone strikes that tend to kill, injure and terrorize civilians. It's time to stop arbitrary detentions and harsh treatment of prisoners that would be unacceptable here.

While those in major cities live in relative security, rural Afghans fear violence from insurgents or U.S. and NATO forces. Many fear civil war or the return of the Taliban. Afghanistan requires more trusted Afghan police and security forces. These forces are paid only $110 dollars a month -- not a living wage -- and payments are regularly late. Little wonder these forces are corrupt, poorly motivated and have a high rate of desertion. The Taliban pays its foot soldiers far better.

Investing in a living wage and pressuring Hamid Karzai's government to punish corruption swiftly will pay more security dividends than the $1 million a year it costs to send one U.S. soldier.

There is no reason to believe the U.S. military is in the best position to train Afghans, given huge cultural differences and past abuses by U.S. forces. The United Nations is expert in training security forces in ways that are culturally sensitive. The U.S. should ask (and help fund) the U.N. to take over the training of Afghan troops and police, with a focus on training Afghan trainers.

With Afghan unemployment above 40 percent, job creation is critical to security. Vocational training, infrastructure construction and assistance to farmers will help.

We can pay for this economic development by spending current funds more wisely. A criminally small amount of the international aid and development money spent over the last eight years has trickled down to Afghans. Instead, foreign contractors, subcontractors and importers have profited from Afghan misery. USAID's new mantra of "Afghans first" is a start, as long as actions match the rhetoric.

One successful program that deserves full funding is the National Solidarity Project, an Afghan-run community development program administered by the well-regarded Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development.

Obama, NATO commander Gen. Stanley McChrystal and U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki Moon should all mandate that where possible, Afghans -- including their businesses, NGOs and products -- should implement and directly benefit from aid projects.

Obama didn't mention Afghan women in his speech. Funding women-led NGOs, women's education and job training and hiring women can help raise their status. Outside the capital, not much has changed for Afghan women.

Because of cultural traditions, many rural women stay home for lack of security or because of their husbands' demands. The U.S. could transition resources to the Afghan justice system to properly enforce laws about rape and domestic violence, and ensure that girls younger than 16 are not forced to marry.

The president rightly mentioned the importance of the Pakistan border. More resources must be transferred to securing the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. This is easier said than done, as U.S. border guards know from their own difficulties of securing the Mexican border. Nonetheless, the international community can increase political pressure on Pakistan to strengthen their border patrols and rid their country of violent extremists such as al Qaeda.

Despite assurances by the president, more troops will not provide more security to Afghans. The mere presence of foreign forces and some of their actions have created more  Taliban recruits and violent extremists.

Instead of starting to bring troops home in 18 months, U.S. and NATO forces must tell internal and regional stakeholders -- publicly or privately -- that there will be a range of time, say 12 to 24 months, when their military presence will cease.

Then, they must apply significant pressure and concrete support for a public, comprehensive peace process. This process must include all interested parties, including the Karzai administration, tribal leaders, the Taliban, women leaders, as well as neighboring Iran, Pakistan and India.

The U.S. mission in Afghanistan can then focus on rebuilding the country the U.S. partly destroyed eight years ago (through air strikes and funding warlords in the Northern Alliance), lifting Afghans out of poverty and making the country less of a haven or recruiting center for extremists.

It's time for a transition from military investments to an economic and civic strategy that supports reconciling and reintegrating Taliban fighters, reducing poverty and rebuilding infrastructure. Obama outlined escalation rather than the needed transition.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Ann Wright and Paul Kawika Martin.

text: Editor

text: 's

text: note

text: Col

text: Ann

text: Wright

text: who

text: served

text: for

text: years

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: and

text: Army

text: Reserves

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: State

text: Department

text: officers

text: to

text: open

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Embassy

text: in

text: Kabul

text: in

text: She

text: resigned

text: from

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: in

text: protest

text: the

text: day

text: the

text: Iraq

text: War

text: began

text: She

text: had

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: diplomat

text: for

text: years

text: and

text: received

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: 's

text: Award

text: for

text: Heroism

text: Paul

text: Kawika

text: Martin

text: is

text: Peace

text: Action

text: 's

text: political

text: director

text: and

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Afghanistan

text: Policy

text: Working

text: Group

text: President

text: Obama

text: just

text: announced

text: he

text: plans

text: to

text: send

text: more

text: troops

text: into

text: Afghanistan

text: where

text: hatred

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: grows

text: every

text: day

text: Next

text: door

text: nuclear

text: armed

text: Pakistan

text: tilts

text: toward

text: disaster

text: It

text: 's

text: time

text: for

text: Americans

text: to

text: insist

text: on

text: a

text: nonmilitary

text: way

text: out

text: of

text: this

text: mess

text: We

text: recently

text: returned

text: from

text: a

text: CodePink

text: study

text: trip

text: to

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: our

text: expertise

text: and

text: experience

text: points

text: to

text: a

text: strategy

text: of

text: transitioning

text: from

text: military

text: to

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: solutions

text: that

text: will

text: help

text: Afghans

text: while

text: making

text: Americans

text: safer

text: The

text: first

text: step

text: in

text: providing

text: Afghans

text: security

text: and

text: weakening

text: the

text: Taliban

text: and

text: violent

text: extremists

text: is

text: to

text: remove

text: recruiting

text: incentives

text: It

text: 's

text: time

text: to

text: stop

text: air

text: and

text: Predator

text: drone

text: strikes

text: that

text: tend

text: to

text: kill

text: injure

text: and

text: terrorize

text: civilians

text: It

text: 's

text: time

text: to

text: stop

text: arbitrary

text: detentions

text: and

text: harsh

text: treatment

text: of

text: prisoners

text: that

text: would

text: be

text: unacceptable

text: here

text: While

text: those

text: in

text: major

text: cities

text: live

text: in

text: relative

text: security

text: rural

text: Afghans

text: fear

text: violence

text: from

text: insurgents

text: or

text: U.S.

text: and

text: NATO

text: forces

text: Many

text: fear

text: civil

text: war

text: or

text: the

text: return

text: of

text: the

text: Taliban

text: Afghanistan

text: requires

text: more

text: trusted

text: Afghan

text: police

text: and

text: security

text: forces

text: These

text: forces

text: are

text: paid

text: only

text: dollars

text: a

text: month

text: not

text: a

text: living

text: wage

text: and

text: payments

text: are

text: regularly

text: late

text: Little

text: wonder

text: these

text: forces

text: are

text: corrupt

text: poorly

text: motivated

text: and

text: have

text: a

text: high

text: rate

text: of

text: desertion

text: The

text: Taliban

text: pays

text: its

text: foot

text: soldiers

text: far

text: better

text: Investing

text: in

text: a

text: living

text: wage

text: and

text: pressuring

text: Hamid

text: Karzai

text: 's

text: government

text: to

text: punish

text: corruption

text: swiftly

text: will

text: pay

text: more

text: security

text: dividends

text: than

text: the

text: million

text: a

text: year

text: it

text: costs

text: to

text: send

text: one

text: U.S.

text: soldier

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: reason

text: to

text: believe

text: the

text: U.S.

text: military

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: best

text: position

text: to

text: train

text: Afghans

text: given

text: huge

text: cultural

text: differences

text: and

text: past

text: abuses

text: by

text: U.S.

text: forces

text: The

text: United

text: Nations

text: is

text: expert

text: in

text: training

text: security

text: forces

text: in

text: ways

text: that

text: are

text: culturally

text: sensitive

text: The

text: U.S.

text: should

text: ask

text: and

text: help

text: fund

text: the

text: U.N.

text: to

text: take

text: over

text: the

text: training

text: of

text: Afghan

text: troops

text: and

text: police

text: with

text: a

text: focus

text: on

text: training

text: Afghan

text: trainers

text: With

text: Afghan

text: unemployment

text: above

text: percent

text: job

text: creation

text: is

text: critical

text: to

text: security

text: Vocational

text: training

text: infrastructure

text: construction

text: and

text: assistance

text: to

text: farmers

text: will

text: help

text: We

text: can

text: pay

text: for

text: this

text: economic

text: development

text: by

text: spending

text: current

text: funds

text: more

text: wisely

text: A

text: criminally

text: small

text: amount

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: aid

text: and

text: development

text: money

text: spent

text: over

text: the

text: last

text: eight

text: years

text: has

text: trickled

text: down

text: to

text: Afghans

text: Instead

text: foreign

text: contractors

text: subcontractors

text: and

text: importers

text: have

text: profited

text: from

text: Afghan

text: misery

text: USAID

text: 's

text: new

text: mantra

text: of

text: Afghans

text: first

text: is

text: a

text: start

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: actions

text: match

text: the

text: rhetoric

text: One

text: successful

text: program

text: that

text: deserves

text: full

text: funding

text: is

text: the

text: National

text: Solidarity

text: Project

text: an

text: Afghan

text: run

text: community

text: development

text: program

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: well

text: regarded

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Rural

text: Rehabilitation

text: and

text: Development

text: Obama

text: NATO

text: commander

text: Gen.

text: Stanley

text: McChrystal

text: and

text: U.N.

text: Secretary

text: General

text: Ban

text: Ki

text: Moon

text: should

text: all

text: mandate

text: that

text: where

text: possible

text: Afghans

text: including

text: their

text: businesses

text: NGOs

text: and

text: products

text: should

text: implement

text: and

text: directly

text: benefit

text: from

text: aid

text: projects

text: Obama

text: did

text: n't

text: mention

text: Afghan

text: women

text: in

text: his

text: speech

text: Funding

text: women

text: led

text: NGOs

text: women

text: 's

text: education

text: and

text: job

text: training

text: and

text: hiring

text: women

text: can

text: help

text: raise

text: their

text: status

text: Outside

text: the

text: capital

text: not

text: much

text: has

text: changed

text: for

text: Afghan

text: women

text: Because

text: of

text: cultural

text: traditions

text: many

text: rural

text: women

text: stay

text: home

text: for

text: lack

text: of

text: security

text: or

text: because

text: of

text: their

text: husbands

text: demands

text: The

text: U.S.

text: could

text: transition

text: resources

text: to

text: the

text: Afghan

text: justice

text: system

text: to

text: properly

text: enforce

text: laws

text: about

text: rape

text: and

text: domestic

text: violence

text: and

text: ensure

text: that

text: girls

text: younger

text: than

text: are

text: not

text: forced

text: to

text: marry

text: The

text: president

text: rightly

text: mentioned

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: the

text: Pakistan

text: border

text: More

text: resources

text: must

text: be

text: transferred

text: to

text: securing

text: the

text: Pakistan

text: Afghanistan

text: border

text: This

text: is

text: easier

text: said

text: than

text: done

text: as

text: U.S.

text: border

text: guards

text: know

text: from

text: their

text: own

text: difficulties

text: of

text: securing

text: the

text: Mexican

text: border

text: Nonetheless

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: can

text: increase

text: political

text: pressure

text: on

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: strengthen

text: their

text: border

text: patrols

text: and

text: rid

text: their

text: country

text: of

text: violent

text: extremists

text: such

text: as

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: Despite

text: assurances

text: by

text: the

text: president

text: more

text: troops

text: will

text: not

text: provide

text: more

text: security

text: to

text: Afghans

text: The

text: mere

text: presence

text: of

text: foreign

text: forces

text: and

text: some

text: of

text: their

text: actions

text: have

text: created

text: more

text: Taliban

text: recruits

text: and

text: violent

text: extremists

text: Instead

text: of

text: starting

text: to

text: bring

text: troops

text: home

text: in

text: months

text: U.S.

text: and

text: NATO

text: forces

text: must

text: tell

text: internal

text: and

text: regional

text: stakeholders

text: publicly

text: or

text: privately

text: that

text: there

text: will

text: be

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: time

text: say

text: to

text: months

text: when

text: their

text: military

text: presence

text: will

text: cease

text: Then

text: they

text: must

text: apply

text: significant

text: pressure

text: and

text: concrete

text: support

text: for

text: a

text: public

text: comprehensive

text: peace

text: process

text: This

text: process

text: must

text: include

text: all

text: interested

text: parties

text: including

text: the

text: Karzai

text: administration

text: tribal

text: leaders

text: the

text: Taliban

text: women

text: leaders

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: neighboring

text: Iran

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: India

text: The

text: U.S.

text: mission

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: can

text: then

text: focus

text: on

text: rebuilding

text: the

text: country

text: the

text: U.S.

text: partly

text: destroyed

text: eight

text: years

text: ago

text: through

text: air

text: strikes

text: and

text: funding

text: warlords

text: in

text: the

text: Northern

text: Alliance

text: lifting

text: Afghans

text: out

text: of

text: poverty

text: and

text: making

text: the

text: country

text: less

text: of

text: a

text: haven

text: or

text: recruiting

text: center

text: for

text: extremists

text: It

text: 's

text: time

text: for

text: a

text: transition

text: from

text: military

text: investments

text: to

text: an

text: economic

text: and

text: civic

text: strategy

text: that

text: supports

text: reconciling

text: and

text: reintegrating

text: Taliban

text: fighters

text: reducing

text: poverty

text: and

text: rebuilding

text: infrastructure

text: Obama

text: outlined

text: escalation

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: needed

text: transition

text: The

text: opinions

text: expressed

text: in

text: this

text: commentary

text: are

text: solely

text: those

text: of

text: Ann

text: Wright

text: and

text: Paul

text: Kawika

text: Martin

question: Who is getting reasons to recruit supporters?

answer: Taliban

text: Taliban