text:
KABUL, Afghanistan (CNN)  -- Babies lie side by side in warming beds or sprawled on blankets atop crude wooden tables.

Many families at Indira Gandhi Children's Hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan, seem resigned to the situation.

Children with wounds and broken bones are carried in by their parents to wait on stiff plastic chairs.

Outside, coughing youngsters squat on the pavement with their anxious families, waiting for care.

And everywhere, parents clutch plastic bags containing bring-your-own medicines and supplies.

For though they are all awaiting treatment at Afghanistan's only specialist pediatric hospital, the hospital cannot even afford bandages for its patients.

The Indira Gandhi Children's Hospital in central Kabul has to run on an operating budget of less than $1,200 a month, said Dr. Noorulhaq Yousufzai, the hospital director.

The few supplies that he can buy have to be hoarded for emergencies, and he has to count on parents to buy what's needed to care for their children.

"In some cases, there is shortage of the surgical materials, and sometimes we don't have antiseptic to use," Yousufzai said.

The United Nations says that more than $15 billion in aid has been sent to Afghanistan since the U.S.-led coalition overthrew the Taliban in late 2001. But still, the hospital cannot afford to help the hundreds of children who stream in every day, desperate for care and cures.

The government does pay for salaries and sometimes for fuel, but there is often a shortage of even basic supplies like syringes.

Doctors say they have to double up premature babies in incubators. And some of those incubators are compromised. On a recent day, a plastic surgical mask taped onto one machine was the only shield from infection.  Watch scenes from inside the hospital Â»

The parents waiting anxiously beside their sick children seem resigned to the situation in the hospital. One mother, who declined to give her name, said she spent the family's entire weekly income of $8 on an injection that did not help her baby.

"This is something that the hospital should be giving us, because we can't afford it," she said.

The U.S. Agency for International Development says infant mortality has dropped by 22 percent since the overthrow of the Taliban but acknowledges that the health status for Afghans is among the worst in the world.

One in every five Afghan children will die before their 5th birthday, often of a preventable disease, according to the Save the Children aid agency.

The toll on the children and parents is clear to any visitor, and the strain hits the hospital staff, too.

"When you see a patient is very, very, sick and you cannot help, and they have to provide something for their children and they are not able to provide, it's also a stress for us," Yousufzai said.

At the end of 2001, there were hopes that the hospital would be upgraded, but it is still waiting. It needs some acute care of its own, or it will continue to struggle to help the children who arrive at its door pleading for care.

text: KABUL

text: Afghanistan

text: CNN

text: Babies

text: lie

text: side

text: by

text: side

text: in

text: warming

text: beds

text: or

text: sprawled

text: on

text: blankets

text: atop

text: crude

text: wooden

text: tables

text: Many

text: families

text: at

text: Indira

text: Gandhi

text: Children

text: 's

text: Hospital

text: in

text: Kabul

text: Afghanistan

text: seem

text: resigned

text: to

text: the

text: situation

text: Children

text: with

text: wounds

text: and

text: broken

text: bones

text: are

text: carried

text: in

text: by

text: their

text: parents

text: to

text: wait

text: on

text: stiff

text: plastic

text: chairs

text: Outside

text: coughing

text: youngsters

text: squat

text: on

text: the

text: pavement

text: with

text: their

text: anxious

text: families

text: waiting

text: for

text: care

text: And

text: everywhere

text: parents

text: clutch

text: plastic

text: bags

text: containing

text: bring

text: your

text: own

text: medicines

text: and

text: supplies

text: For

text: though

text: they

text: are

text: all

text: awaiting

text: treatment

text: at

text: Afghanistan

text: 's

text: only

text: specialist

text: pediatric

text: hospital

text: the

text: hospital

text: can

text: not

text: even

text: afford

text: bandages

text: for

text: its

text: patients

text: The

text: Indira

text: Gandhi

text: Children

text: 's

text: Hospital

text: in

text: central

text: Kabul

text: has

text: to

text: run

text: on

text: an

text: operating

text: budget

text: of

text: less

text: than

text: a

text: month

text: said

text: Dr.

text: Noorulhaq

text: Yousufzai

text: the

text: hospital

text: director

text: The

text: few

text: supplies

text: that

text: he

text: can

text: buy

text: have

text: to

text: be

text: hoarded

text: for

text: emergencies

text: and

text: he

text: has

text: to

text: count

text: on

text: parents

text: to

text: buy

text: what

text: 's

text: needed

text: to

text: care

text: for

text: their

text: children

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: there

text: is

text: shortage

text: of

text: the

text: surgical

text: materials

text: and

text: sometimes

text: we

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: antiseptic

text: to

text: use

text: Yousufzai

text: said

text: The

text: United

text: Nations

text: says

text: that

text: more

text: than

text: billion

text: in

text: aid

text: has

text: been

text: sent

text: to

text: Afghanistan

text: since

text: the

text: U.S

text: led

text: coalition

text: overthrew

text: the

text: Taliban

text: in

text: late

text: But

text: still

text: the

text: hospital

text: can

text: not

text: afford

text: to

text: help

text: the

text: hundreds

text: of

text: children

text: who

text: stream

text: in

text: every

text: day

text: desperate

text: for

text: care

text: and

text: cures

text: The

text: government

text: does

text: pay

text: for

text: salaries

text: and

text: sometimes

text: for

text: fuel

text: but

text: there

text: is

text: often

text: a

text: shortage

text: of

text: even

text: basic

text: supplies

text: like

text: syringes

text: Doctors

text: say

text: they

text: have

text: to

text: double

text: up

text: premature

text: babies

text: in

text: incubators

text: And

text: some

text: of

text: those

text: incubators

text: are

text: compromised

text: On

text: a

text: recent

text: day

text: a

text: plastic

text: surgical

text: mask

text: taped

text: onto

text: one

text: machine

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: shield

text: from

text: infection

text: Watch

text: scenes

text: from

text: inside

text: the

text: hospital

text: Â

text: The

text: parents

text: waiting

text: anxiously

text: beside

text: their

text: sick

text: children

text: seem

text: resigned

text: to

text: the

text: situation

text: in

text: the

text: hospital

text: One

text: mother

text: who

text: declined

text: to

text: give

text: her

text: name

text: said

text: she

text: spent

text: the

text: family

text: 's

text: entire

text: weekly

text: income

text: of

text: on

text: an

text: injection

text: that

text: did

text: not

text: help

text: her

text: baby

text: This

text: is

text: something

text: that

text: the

text: hospital

text: should

text: be

text: giving

text: us

text: because

text: we

text: ca

text: n't

text: afford

text: it

text: she

text: said

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Agency

text: for

text: International

text: Development

text: says

text: infant

text: mortality

text: has

text: dropped

text: by

text: percent

text: since

text: the

text: overthrow

text: of

text: the

text: Taliban

text: but

text: acknowledges

text: that

text: the

text: health

text: status

text: for

text: Afghans

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: worst

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: One

text: in

text: every

text: five

text: Afghan

text: children

text: will

text: die

text: before

text: their

text: birthday

text: often

text: of

text: a

text: preventable

text: disease

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Save

text: the

text: Children

text: aid

text: agency

text: The

text: toll

text: on

text: the

text: children

text: and

text: parents

text: is

text: clear

text: to

text: any

text: visitor

text: and

text: the

text: strain

text: hits

text: the

text: hospital

text: staff

text: too

text: When

text: you

text: see

text: a

text: patient

text: is

text: very

text: very

text: sick

text: and

text: you

text: can

text: not

text: help

text: and

text: they

text: have

text: to

text: provide

text: something

text: for

text: their

text: children

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: able

text: to

text: provide

text: it

text: 's

text: also

text: a

text: stress

text: for

text: us

text: Yousufzai

text: said

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: there

text: were

text: hopes

text: that

text: the

text: hospital

text: would

text: be

text: upgraded

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: still

text: waiting

text: It

text: needs

text: some

text: acute

text: care

text: of

text: its

text: own

text: or

text: it

text: will

text: continue

text: to

text: struggle

text: to

text: help

text: the

text: children

text: who

text: arrive

text: at

text: its

text: door

text: pleading

text: for

text: care

question: What is the operating budget for Kabul hospital?

answer: less than $1,200 a month,

text: less than $1,200 a month,

question: Does the government pay salaries AND basic supplies?

answer: sometimes for fuel,

text: sometimes for fuel,

question: What is Kabu hospital's operating budget per month?

answer: less than $1,200 a

text: less than $1,200 a

question: Who pays for the salaries?

answer: The government

text: The government

question: Where is the hospital?

answer: Kabul, Afghanistan,

text: Kabul, Afghanistan,

question: One in five Afgan children will die before what birthday?

answer: 5th

question: Who pays the salaries?

answer: The government

text: The government

question: What is the operating budget of the hospital?

answer: less than $1,200 a month,

text: less than $1,200 a month,


text:
(CNN) -- This spring break, thousands of college students will ditch the bars and the beaches to do something more meaningful with their vacation time.

Brad Vonck (bottom, left) and other student volunteers worked with the Cherokee Nation in Stilwell, Oklahoma.

Brad Vonck is one of them. A sophomore at the University of Illinois, Vonck will travel to San Juan, Texas, in a group of 13 students to volunteer with La Union del Pueblo Entero, an organization that helps strengthen the communities and lives of farm workers and their families.

"Learning about different cultures is very important to me," Vonck said. "I like to engage in different areas of life that I don't really understand."

Every year, more and more college students, like Vonck, are choosing to spend their valuable time off from school participating in "alternative spring break" programs -- community service-based opportunities dealing with the most pressing issues of the day, including hunger and homelessness, disaster relief and global warming.

"If you can name a social issue, then students are doing trips around it," said Jill Piacitelli, executive director of Break Away, an organization that trains and helps colleges across the United States promote alternative break programs.

For the past six years, these programs have been growing in popularity among college students. Break Away estimated that this year, nearly 65,000 students will participate in its alternative break programs, an 11 percent increase from 2008.

"It's a student-led social movement. ... This is a group that very much wants to be involved in the world around them," Piacitelli said of the volunteers. "They're solution-oriented. They want to innovate and lead and involve their peers."

The average domestic trip costs around $250 or $300, Piacitelli said, which includes "housing, travel, social activities, food and often a donation to the community."

Many university programs offer financial aid and the option to raise money to help pay for trips. "It is rare that anyone who wants to go on a trip cannot go," Piacitelli said. The affordability is part of the reason why so many students return for second or third trips.

Nikunj Shah, a graduate of Arcadia University, has taken several alternative spring break trips volunteering in the United States and Mexico. This year, he will be traveling as an alumnus to Jean Lafitte, Louisiana, a city that has been largely ignored by disaster relief efforts in the wake of hurricanes Katrina, Wilma and Rita.

"I've always had an interest in helping people. I've always been really involved in community service," Shah said. "So I saw this as an opportunity to go places I haven't been before, to get a feel for different cultures and to help people there that truly need help."

In an effort to expand their alternative spring break options, universities across the United States partner with humanitarian organizations like the United Way of America. Randy Punley, director of corporate and media partnerships at the United Way, oversees the organization's Alternative Spring Break programs. After Hurricane Katrina, the United Way partnered with MTV to engage young people in the response effort.

"We knew there was an interest and a passion in young people for the work we were trying to achieve," Punley said.

Since then, the United Way has evolved and expanded, establishing chapters on college campuses. The organization has also developed an Alternative Spring Break Social Media Challenge, encouraging young people to be active in their communities and use social media Web sites, like Facebook or Twitter, to involve other people.

"Whether it started with the first Gulf War, punctuated by the September 11 attacks and Katrina and the economic meltdown, young people have a very different perspective about what's going on in the world," Punley said.

At the end of the weeklong trip, most students say it was the best week of their lives, Punley said. The increasing interest in these programs, Punley believes, speaks volumes about the attitudes of Generation Y, a group of people who are eager to make an impact on the world around them.

"It's such a difference from going home and not really feeling accomplished to going on these trips and meeting new people," Vonck said. "You get experiences that you wouldn't get sitting on the couch watching TV for a week."

Piacitelli said these programs encourage young people to continue serving their communities and those in need.

"The students are the main benefactors of what goes on," Piacitelli said. "It changes their consciousness. They get really interested in social issues ... They see themselves as active citizens, and helping the community becomes a priority."

Like Vonck and Shah, University of Illinois senior Adriana Collazo has a passion for community service. During her spring break last year, Collazo traveled to the Bronx in New York to volunteer at a homeless shelter. She stayed at a hostel with other volunteers and helped serve food and organize clothing drives.

"I never really had all that money to go off and do the whole Cancun, Mexico, spring break, and I didn't really want to, because I think that's throwing away money," Collazo said. "When you can give back, it's selfish."

The trip to the Bronx was a personal one for Collazo who, at the age of 6, experienced poverty firsthand when her family became homeless.

"My family's better now, and I want to give back," Collazo said. "I think a lot of students have realized that they can do better things with their time. ... It humbles you."

text: CNN

text: This

text: spring

text: break

text: thousands

text: of

text: college

text: students

text: will

text: ditch

text: the

text: bars

text: and

text: the

text: beaches

text: to

text: do

text: something

text: more

text: meaningful

text: with

text: their

text: vacation

text: time

text: Brad

text: Vonck

text: bottom

text: left

text: and

text: other

text: student

text: volunteers

text: worked

text: with

text: the

text: Cherokee

text: Nation

text: in

text: Stilwell

text: Oklahoma

text: Brad

text: Vonck

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: them

text: A

text: sophomore

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Illinois

text: Vonck

text: will

text: travel

text: to

text: San

text: Juan

text: Texas

text: in

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: students

text: to

text: volunteer

text: with

text: La

text: Union

text: del

text: Pueblo

text: Entero

text: an

text: organization

text: that

text: helps

text: strengthen

text: the

text: communities

text: and

text: lives

text: of

text: farm

text: workers

text: and

text: their

text: families

text: Learning

text: about

text: different

text: cultures

text: is

text: very

text: important

text: to

text: me

text: Vonck

text: said

text: I

text: like

text: to

text: engage

text: in

text: different

text: areas

text: of

text: life

text: that

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: really

text: understand

text: Every

text: year

text: more

text: and

text: more

text: college

text: students

text: like

text: Vonck

text: are

text: choosing

text: to

text: spend

text: their

text: valuable

text: time

text: off

text: from

text: school

text: participating

text: in

text: alternative

text: spring

text: break

text: programs

text: community

text: service

text: based

text: opportunities

text: dealing

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: pressing

text: issues

text: of

text: the

text: day

text: including

text: hunger

text: and

text: homelessness

text: disaster

text: relief

text: and

text: global

text: warming

text: If

text: you

text: can

text: name

text: a

text: social

text: issue

text: then

text: students

text: are

text: doing

text: trips

text: around

text: it

text: said

text: Jill

text: Piacitelli

text: executive

text: director

text: of

text: Break

text: Away

text: an

text: organization

text: that

text: trains

text: and

text: helps

text: colleges

text: across

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: promote

text: alternative

text: break

text: programs

text: For

text: the

text: past

text: six

text: years

text: these

text: programs

text: have

text: been

text: growing

text: in

text: popularity

text: among

text: college

text: students

text: Break

text: Away

text: estimated

text: that

text: this

text: year

text: nearly

text: students

text: will

text: participate

text: in

text: its

text: alternative

text: break

text: programs

text: an

text: percent

text: increase

text: from

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: student

text: led

text: social

text: movement

text: This

text: is

text: a

text: group

text: that

text: very

text: much

text: wants

text: to

text: be

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: around

text: them

text: Piacitelli

text: said

text: of

text: the

text: volunteers

text: They

text: 're

text: solution

text: oriented

text: They

text: want

text: to

text: innovate

text: and

text: lead

text: and

text: involve

text: their

text: peers

text: The

text: average

text: domestic

text: trip

text: costs

text: around

text: or

text: Piacitelli

text: said

text: which

text: includes

text: housing

text: travel

text: social

text: activities

text: food

text: and

text: often

text: a

text: donation

text: to

text: the

text: community

text: Many

text: university

text: programs

text: offer

text: financial

text: aid

text: and

text: the

text: option

text: to

text: raise

text: money

text: to

text: help

text: pay

text: for

text: trips

text: It

text: is

text: rare

text: that

text: anyone

text: who

text: wants

text: to

text: go

text: on

text: a

text: trip

text: can

text: not

text: go

text: Piacitelli

text: said

text: The

text: affordability

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: reason

text: why

text: so

text: many

text: students

text: return

text: for

text: second

text: or

text: third

text: trips

text: Nikunj

text: Shah

text: a

text: graduate

text: of

text: Arcadia

text: University

text: has

text: taken

text: several

text: alternative

text: spring

text: break

text: trips

text: volunteering

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Mexico

text: This

text: year

text: he

text: will

text: be

text: traveling

text: as

text: an

text: alumnus

text: to

text: Jean

text: Lafitte

text: Louisiana

text: a

text: city

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: largely

text: ignored

text: by

text: disaster

text: relief

text: efforts

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: hurricanes

text: Katrina

text: Wilma

text: and

text: Rita

text: I

text: 've

text: always

text: had

text: an

text: interest

text: in

text: helping

text: people

text: I

text: 've

text: always

text: been

text: really

text: involved

text: in

text: community

text: service

text: Shah

text: said

text: So

text: I

text: saw

text: this

text: as

text: an

text: opportunity

text: to

text: go

text: places

text: I

text: have

text: n't

text: been

text: before

text: to

text: get

text: a

text: feel

text: for

text: different

text: cultures

text: and

text: to

text: help

text: people

text: there

text: that

text: truly

text: need

text: help

text: In

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: expand

text: their

text: alternative

text: spring

text: break

text: options

text: universities

text: across

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: partner

text: with

text: humanitarian

text: organizations

text: like

text: the

text: United

text: Way

text: of

text: America

text: Randy

text: Punley

text: director

text: of

text: corporate

text: and

text: media

text: partnerships

text: at

text: the

text: United

text: Way

text: oversees

text: the

text: organization

text: 's

text: Alternative

text: Spring

text: Break

text: programs

text: After

text: Hurricane

text: Katrina

text: the

text: United

text: Way

text: partnered

text: with

text: MTV

text: to

text: engage

text: young

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: response

text: effort

text: We

text: knew

text: there

text: was

text: an

text: interest

text: and

text: a

text: passion

text: in

text: young

text: people

text: for

text: the

text: work

text: we

text: were

text: trying

text: to

text: achieve

text: Punley

text: said

text: Since

text: then

text: the

text: United

text: Way

text: has

text: evolved

text: and

text: expanded

text: establishing

text: chapters

text: on

text: college

text: campuses

text: The

text: organization

text: has

text: also

text: developed

text: an

text: Alternative

text: Spring

text: Break

text: Social

text: Media

text: Challenge

text: encouraging

text: young

text: people

text: to

text: be

text: active

text: in

text: their

text: communities

text: and

text: use

text: social

text: media

text: Web

text: sites

text: like

text: Facebook

text: or

text: Twitter

text: to

text: involve

text: other

text: people

text: Whether

text: it

text: started

text: with

text: the

text: first

text: Gulf

text: War

text: punctuated

text: by

text: the

text: September

text: attacks

text: and

text: Katrina

text: and

text: the

text: economic

text: meltdown

text: young

text: people

text: have

text: a

text: very

text: different

text: perspective

text: about

text: what

text: 's

text: going

text: on

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Punley

text: said

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: weeklong

text: trip

text: most

text: students

text: say

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: best

text: week

text: of

text: their

text: lives

text: Punley

text: said

text: The

text: increasing

text: interest

text: in

text: these

text: programs

text: Punley

text: believes

text: speaks

text: volumes

text: about

text: the

text: attitudes

text: of

text: Generation

text: Y

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: eager

text: to

text: make

text: an

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: world

text: around

text: them

text: It

text: 's

text: such

text: a

text: difference

text: from

text: going

text: home

text: and

text: not

text: really

text: feeling

text: accomplished

text: to

text: going

text: on

text: these

text: trips

text: and

text: meeting

text: new

text: people

text: Vonck

text: said

text: You

text: get

text: experiences

text: that

text: you

text: would

text: n't

text: get

text: sitting

text: on

text: the

text: couch

text: watching

text: TV

text: for

text: a

text: week

text: Piacitelli

text: said

text: these

text: programs

text: encourage

text: young

text: people

text: to

text: continue

text: serving

text: their

text: communities

text: and

text: those

text: in

text: need

text: The

text: students

text: are

text: the

text: main

text: benefactors

text: of

text: what

text: goes

text: on

text: Piacitelli

text: said

text: It

text: changes

text: their

text: consciousness

text: They

text: get

text: really

text: interested

text: in

text: social

text: issues

text: They

text: see

text: themselves

text: as

text: active

text: citizens

text: and

text: helping

text: the

text: community

text: becomes

text: a

text: priority

text: Like

text: Vonck

text: and

text: Shah

text: University

text: of

text: Illinois

text: senior

text: Adriana

text: Collazo

text: has

text: a

text: passion

text: for

text: community

text: service

text: During

text: her

text: spring

text: break

text: last

text: year

text: Collazo

text: traveled

text: to

text: the

text: Bronx

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: to

text: volunteer

text: at

text: a

text: homeless

text: shelter

text: She

text: stayed

text: at

text: a

text: hostel

text: with

text: other

text: volunteers

text: and

text: helped

text: serve

text: food

text: and

text: organize

text: clothing

text: drives

text: I

text: never

text: really

text: had

text: all

text: that

text: money

text: to

text: go

text: off

text: and

text: do

text: the

text: whole

text: Cancun

text: Mexico

text: spring

text: break

text: and

text: I

text: did

text: n't

text: really

text: want

text: to

text: because

text: I

text: think

text: that

text: 's

text: throwing

text: away

text: money

text: Collazo

text: said

text: When

text: you

text: can

text: give

text: back

text: it

text: 's

text: selfish

text: The

text: trip

text: to

text: the

text: Bronx

text: was

text: a

text: personal

text: one

text: for

text: Collazo

text: who

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: experienced

text: poverty

text: firsthand

text: when

text: her

text: family

text: became

text: homeless

text: My

text: family

text: 's

text: better

text: now

text: and

text: I

text: want

text: to

text: give

text: back

text: Collazo

text: said

text: I

text: think

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: students

text: have

text: realized

text: that

text: they

text: can

text: do

text: better

text: things

text: with

text: their

text: time

text: It

text: humbles

text: you

question: What do the programs center on?

answer: community service-based opportunities dealing with the most pressing issues of the day,

text: community service-based opportunities dealing with the most pressing issues of the day,

question: How much does the average domestic trip cost?

answer: around $250 or $300,

text: around $250 or $300,

question: what may the trips address

answer: the most pressing issues of the day, including hunger and homelessness, disaster

text: the most pressing issues of the day, including hunger and homelessness, disaster

question: What is becoming more popular among college students?

answer: participating in "alternative spring break" programs

text: participating in "alternative spring break" programs

question: what is the average cost

answer: $250 or $300,

text: $250 or $300,

question: What is the average domestic trip cost?

answer: around $250 or $300,

text: around $250 or $300,


text:
BUENOS AIRES, Argentina (CNN)  -- Farmers in Argentina blocked highways and rural routes throughout the country to protest anew the lack in progress in negotiations with the government over export taxes on farm goods.

Farmers stage a "tractorazo" in Esperanza, Argentina, on March 12 in protest against taxes on exports of soybeans.

Argentine television news channel Todo Noticias showed images of trucks and cars stopped along rural routes in the provinces of Santa Fe and Entre Rios on Thursday. In the town of Armstrong, 250 miles northwest of the capital of Buenos Aires, protesters stopped traffic on Route 9, burned car tires and waved Argentine flags.

The roadblocks were the latest in a year-long conflict between the government of President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner and Argentina's large farming sector over export taxes on soybeans. Argentina is the world's third-largest soybean exporter. The country has been hard hit by recent drops in global commodities prices, as well as a severe drought.

Last year, demonstrations by farmers caused food shortages and blocked farm products from leaving the country.

On Thursday farmers once again mounted roadblocks after lawmakers failed to reach quorum in Congress to debate a bill that would reduce the 35 percent soybean export tax.

As farmers gathered Thursday afternoon on the nation's highways, Fernandez was announcing new money-sharing measures.

"Soy revenues will go to a fund that will be shared with the provinces and municipalities," Fernandez told lawmakers at the presidential residence in Olivos. "Seventy percent of the fund will be controlled by the federal government and 30 percent by governors and local officials."

"It's never been our intention to take anything away from anyone," she said, alluding to complaints from farmers that the export taxes on soybeans were unfair.

The president said $1.776 billion from the fund would be used for social infrastructure needs -- "schools, houses, drinking water, sewers."

Fernandez cited "the moment of international crisis" as the reason for her decision to create "a federal solidarity fund."

But farm leaders criticized the announcement as a political move during an election year. Fernandez has sent a bill to Congress that would move mid-term congressional elections up four months, from October to June.

"The government again will lose again with ideas like these; this is an attitude that will only serve to provoke farmers," Eduardo Buzzi of the Argentine Agrarian Federation told Todo Noticias.

"The people are still being strangled by these taxes."

text: BUENOS

text: AIRES

text: Argentina

text: CNN

text: Farmers

text: in

text: Argentina

text: blocked

text: highways

text: and

text: rural

text: routes

text: throughout

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: protest

text: anew

text: the

text: lack

text: in

text: progress

text: in

text: negotiations

text: with

text: the

text: government

text: over

text: export

text: taxes

text: on

text: farm

text: goods

text: Farmers

text: stage

text: a

text: tractorazo

text: in

text: Esperanza

text: Argentina

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: protest

text: against

text: taxes

text: on

text: exports

text: of

text: soybeans

text: Argentine

text: television

text: news

text: channel

text: Todo

text: Noticias

text: showed

text: images

text: of

text: trucks

text: and

text: cars

text: stopped

text: along

text: rural

text: routes

text: in

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Santa

text: Fe

text: and

text: Entre

text: Rios

text: on

text: Thursday

text: In

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Armstrong

text: miles

text: northwest

text: of

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Buenos

text: Aires

text: protesters

text: stopped

text: traffic

text: on

text: Route

text: burned

text: car

text: tires

text: and

text: waved

text: Argentine

text: flags

text: The

text: roadblocks

text: were

text: the

text: latest

text: in

text: a

text: year

text: long

text: conflict

text: between

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: President

text: Cristina

text: Fernandez

text: de

text: Kirchner

text: and

text: Argentina

text: 's

text: large

text: farming

text: sector

text: over

text: export

text: taxes

text: on

text: soybeans

text: Argentina

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: third

text: largest

text: soybean

text: exporter

text: The

text: country

text: has

text: been

text: hard

text: hit

text: by

text: recent

text: drops

text: in

text: global

text: commodities

text: prices

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: severe

text: drought

text: Last

text: year

text: demonstrations

text: by

text: farmers

text: caused

text: food

text: shortages

text: and

text: blocked

text: farm

text: products

text: from

text: leaving

text: the

text: country

text: On

text: Thursday

text: farmers

text: once

text: again

text: mounted

text: roadblocks

text: after

text: lawmakers

text: failed

text: to

text: reach

text: quorum

text: in

text: Congress

text: to

text: debate

text: a

text: bill

text: that

text: would

text: reduce

text: the

text: percent

text: soybean

text: export

text: tax

text: As

text: farmers

text: gathered

text: Thursday

text: afternoon

text: on

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: highways

text: Fernandez

text: was

text: announcing

text: new

text: money

text: sharing

text: measures

text: Soy

text: revenues

text: will

text: go

text: to

text: a

text: fund

text: that

text: will

text: be

text: shared

text: with

text: the

text: provinces

text: and

text: municipalities

text: Fernandez

text: told

text: lawmakers

text: at

text: the

text: presidential

text: residence

text: in

text: Olivos

text: Seventy

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: fund

text: will

text: be

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: and

text: percent

text: by

text: governors

text: and

text: local

text: officials

text: It

text: 's

text: never

text: been

text: our

text: intention

text: to

text: take

text: anything

text: away

text: from

text: anyone

text: she

text: said

text: alluding

text: to

text: complaints

text: from

text: farmers

text: that

text: the

text: export

text: taxes

text: on

text: soybeans

text: were

text: unfair

text: The

text: president

text: said

text: billion

text: from

text: the

text: fund

text: would

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: social

text: infrastructure

text: needs

text: schools

text: houses

text: drinking

text: water

text: sewers

text: Fernandez

text: cited

text: the

text: moment

text: of

text: international

text: crisis

text: as

text: the

text: reason

text: for

text: her

text: decision

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: federal

text: solidarity

text: fund

text: But

text: farm

text: leaders

text: criticized

text: the

text: announcement

text: as

text: a

text: political

text: move

text: during

text: an

text: election

text: year

text: Fernandez

text: has

text: sent

text: a

text: bill

text: to

text: Congress

text: that

text: would

text: move

text: mid

text: term

text: congressional

text: elections

text: up

text: four

text: months

text: from

text: October

text: to

text: June

text: The

text: government

text: again

text: will

text: lose

text: again

text: with

text: ideas

text: like

text: these

text: this

text: is

text: an

text: attitude

text: that

text: will

text: only

text: serve

text: to

text: provoke

text: farmers

text: Eduardo

text: Buzzi

text: of

text: the

text: Argentine

text: Agrarian

text: Federation

text: told

text: Todo

text: Noticias

text: The

text: people

text: are

text: still

text: being

text: strangled

text: by

text: these

text: taxes

question: what announces Fernandez?

answer: new money-sharing measures.

text: new money-sharing measures.

question: The group is the brainchild of "American Idol" judge Simon Cowell The operatic quartet's new album, "The Promise," debuted atop the UK charts Il Divo (Italian for "divine male performer") is made up of singers from four countries Q1:

answer: Farmers stage a "tractorazo" in Esperanza, Argentina, on March 12 in protest against taxes on exports of soybeans.

text: Farmers stage a "tractorazo" in Esperanza, Argentina, on March 12 in protest against taxes on exports of soybeans.


text:
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- President Obama urged Congress to adopt a "pay-as-you-go" approach to federal spending in order to restore fiscal discipline, but critics say the president's call lacks credibility.

Preisdent Obama says PAYGO is common sense.

Faced with a record $1.8 trillion deficit, Obama on Tuesday pushed Congress to take up the spending rules, known as PAYGO. The approach would require lawmakers to pay for new programs, dollar-for-dollar, with budget cuts elsewhere.

"The 'pay as you go' rule is very simple. Congress can only spend a dollar if it saves a dollar elsewhere," Obama said, as he announced that he was submitting to Congress a proposal to make PAYGO law.

Obama repeated his vow to halve the deficit by the end of his first term, and he said PAYGO is an important step toward making that happen. A previous PAYGO mandate helped erase federal budget deficits in the 1990s, and subsequent ineffective rules contributed to the current budget deficits, Obama said.

"Paying for what you spend is basic common sense. Perhaps that's why, here in Washington, it has been so elusive," the president said Tuesday.  Watch more on Obama's 'pay-as-you-go' plan Â»

But Republicans were quick to question the administration's sincerity.

Republican Whip Eric Cantor charged that the administration's focus on PAYGO "seems more driven by polling and PR strategy than a serious commitment to fiscal discipline."

"It seems a tad disingenuous for the President and Speaker [Nancy] Pelosi to talk about PAYGO rules after ramming trillions in spending through Congress proposing policies that create more debt in the first six months of this year than in the previous 220 years combined," Cantor, R-Virginia, said in a statement Tuesday.

Republicans point to the $787 billion stimulus package as evidence that Obama is not following his own advice.

Cantor's statement included a "fiscal timeline" highlighting government spending initiatives this year. The timeline entry for June 8 points to polls showing dissatisfaction with the administration on spending and the deficit. The entry for June 9 shows the president holding a PAYGO summit.

However, a group of fiscally conservative Democratic representatives known as the Blue Dogs say Obama's proposal is responsible and necessary.

"President Obama inherited an economy in free fall and a $10.6 trillion national debt," said Rep. Jim Cooper of Tennessee, vice chairman of the Blue Dog Budget and Financial Services Task Force. "While short-term spending was necessary to get the economy moving again, our long-term fiscal problems became that much more urgent."

But when it comes to reducing the deficit, even the Senate Budget Committee's Democratic chairman doubts the president can deliver on his promise.

Asked if Obama could halve the deficit -- given the recent government spending --- Sen. Kent Conrad said, "I don't believe so. I don't believe anybody could."

Administration officials still defend piling the stimulus spending on top of the deficit, arguing that it was the best approach to get the country out of the recession.

"Pay-as-you-go embodies a common sense principle that you shouldn't dig a hole deeper," said Peter Orszag, director of the Office of Management and Budget.

CNN's Kristi Keck and Tom Cohen contributed to this report.

text: WASHINGTON

text: CNN

text: President

text: Obama

text: urged

text: Congress

text: to

text: adopt

text: a

text: pay

text: as

text: you

text: go

text: approach

text: to

text: federal

text: spending

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: restore

text: fiscal

text: discipline

text: but

text: critics

text: say

text: the

text: president

text: 's

text: call

text: lacks

text: credibility

text: Preisdent

text: Obama

text: says

text: PAYGO

text: is

text: common

text: sense

text: Faced

text: with

text: a

text: record

text: trillion

text: deficit

text: Obama

text: on

text: Tuesday

text: pushed

text: Congress

text: to

text: take

text: up

text: the

text: spending

text: rules

text: known

text: as

text: PAYGO

text: The

text: approach

text: would

text: require

text: lawmakers

text: to

text: pay

text: for

text: new

text: programs

text: dollar

text: for

text: dollar

text: with

text: budget

text: cuts

text: elsewhere

text: The

text: pay

text: as

text: you

text: go

text: rule

text: is

text: very

text: simple

text: Congress

text: can

text: only

text: spend

text: a

text: dollar

text: if

text: it

text: saves

text: a

text: dollar

text: elsewhere

text: Obama

text: said

text: as

text: he

text: announced

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: submitting

text: to

text: Congress

text: a

text: proposal

text: to

text: make

text: PAYGO

text: law

text: Obama

text: repeated

text: his

text: vow

text: to

text: halve

text: the

text: deficit

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: first

text: term

text: and

text: he

text: said

text: PAYGO

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: step

text: toward

text: making

text: that

text: happen

text: A

text: previous

text: PAYGO

text: mandate

text: helped

text: erase

text: federal

text: budget

text: deficits

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: subsequent

text: ineffective

text: rules

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: current

text: budget

text: deficits

text: Obama

text: said

text: Paying

text: for

text: what

text: you

text: spend

text: is

text: basic

text: common

text: sense

text: Perhaps

text: that

text: 's

text: why

text: here

text: in

text: Washington

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: so

text: elusive

text: the

text: president

text: said

text: Tuesday

text: Watch

text: more

text: on

text: Obama

text: 's

text: pay

text: as

text: you

text: go

text: plan

text: Â

text: But

text: Republicans

text: were

text: quick

text: to

text: question

text: the

text: administration

text: 's

text: sincerity

text: Republican

text: Whip

text: Eric

text: Cantor

text: charged

text: that

text: the

text: administration

text: 's

text: focus

text: on

text: PAYGO

text: seems

text: more

text: driven

text: by

text: polling

text: and

text: PR

text: strategy

text: than

text: a

text: serious

text: commitment

text: to

text: fiscal

text: discipline

text: It

text: seems

text: a

text: tad

text: disingenuous

text: for

text: the

text: President

text: and

text: Speaker

text: Nancy

text: Pelosi

text: to

text: talk

text: about

text: PAYGO

text: rules

text: after

text: ramming

text: trillions

text: in

text: spending

text: through

text: Congress

text: proposing

text: policies

text: that

text: create

text: more

text: debt

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: six

text: months

text: of

text: this

text: year

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: previous

text: years

text: combined

text: Cantor

text: R

text: Virginia

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: statement

text: Tuesday

text: Republicans

text: point

text: to

text: the

text: billion

text: stimulus

text: package

text: as

text: evidence

text: that

text: Obama

text: is

text: not

text: following

text: his

text: own

text: advice

text: Cantor

text: 's

text: statement

text: included

text: a

text: fiscal

text: timeline

text: highlighting

text: government

text: spending

text: initiatives

text: this

text: year

text: The

text: timeline

text: entry

text: for

text: June

text: points

text: to

text: polls

text: showing

text: dissatisfaction

text: with

text: the

text: administration

text: on

text: spending

text: and

text: the

text: deficit

text: The

text: entry

text: for

text: June

text: shows

text: the

text: president

text: holding

text: a

text: PAYGO

text: summit

text: However

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: fiscally

text: conservative

text: Democratic

text: representatives

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Blue

text: Dogs

text: say

text: Obama

text: 's

text: proposal

text: is

text: responsible

text: and

text: necessary

text: President

text: Obama

text: inherited

text: an

text: economy

text: in

text: free

text: fall

text: and

text: a

text: trillion

text: national

text: debt

text: said

text: Rep.

text: Jim

text: Cooper

text: of

text: Tennessee

text: vice

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: Blue

text: Dog

text: Budget

text: and

text: Financial

text: Services

text: Task

text: Force

text: While

text: short

text: term

text: spending

text: was

text: necessary

text: to

text: get

text: the

text: economy

text: moving

text: again

text: our

text: long

text: term

text: fiscal

text: problems

text: became

text: that

text: much

text: more

text: urgent

text: But

text: when

text: it

text: comes

text: to

text: reducing

text: the

text: deficit

text: even

text: the

text: Senate

text: Budget

text: Committee

text: 's

text: Democratic

text: chairman

text: doubts

text: the

text: president

text: can

text: deliver

text: on

text: his

text: promise

text: Asked

text: if

text: Obama

text: could

text: halve

text: the

text: deficit

text: given

text: the

text: recent

text: government

text: spending

text: Sen.

text: Kent

text: Conrad

text: said

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: believe

text: so

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: believe

text: anybody

text: could

text: Administration

text: officials

text: still

text: defend

text: piling

text: the

text: stimulus

text: spending

text: on

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: deficit

text: arguing

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: best

text: approach

text: to

text: get

text: the

text: country

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: recession

text: Pay

text: as

text: you

text: go

text: embodies

text: a

text: common

text: sense

text: principle

text: that

text: you

text: should

text: n't

text: dig

text: a

text: hole

text: deeper

text: said

text: Peter

text: Orszag

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Management

text: and

text: Budget

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Kristi

text: Keck

text: and

text: Tom

text: Cohen

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: Do Democrats feel "pay-as-you-go" is responsible?

answer: and necessary.

text: and necessary.

question: what does the approach require?

answer: lawmakers to pay for new programs, dollar-for-dollar, with budget cuts elsewhere.

text: lawmakers to pay for new programs, dollar-for-dollar, with budget cuts elsewhere.

question: what does a key democrat say?

answer: Obama's proposal is responsible and necessary.

text: Obama's proposal is responsible and necessary.

question: what do blue dog democrats applaud?

answer: Obama's proposal

text: Obama's proposal


text:
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- Internet-based rip-offs jumped 33 percent last year over the previous year, according to a report from a complaint center set up to monitor such crimes.

The report said that about 77.4 percent of perpetrators of Internet fraud were men.

The total dollar loss from those crimes was $265 million. That's $26 million more than the price tag in 2007, the National Internet Crime Center said. For individual victims, the average amount lost was $931.

"This report illustrates that sophisticated computer fraud schemes continue to flourish as financial data migrates to the Internet," said Shawn Henry, the FBI's assistant director of the Cyber Division.

Americans filed 275,284 reports claiming to be ripped off on the Internet, the highest number reported since the center began keeping statistics in 2000.

The dollar loss has been on a steady increase since 2004, while the number of cases referred to law enforcement has decreased steadily since that same year.

Complaints to the center have resulted in several arrests, the center said, although information comes only from agencies that voluntarily provide the results of investigations.

Henry said the figures show the need for computer users, in businesses and in homes, to be wary and use sound security practices while using the Internet.

The center said the top three most frequent complaints were about merchandise that wasn't delivered or payment that wasn't received, Internet auction fraud and credit/debit card fraud. Other scams include confidence frauds such as Ponzi schemes, check fraud, the Nigerian letter fraud and identity fraud.

One popular identity fraud scam used during 2008 involved sending e-mails crafted to appear as if they'd been sent by the FBI. Sometimes the scammers went so far as to say the mailings were from FBI Director Robert Mueller himself, according to the center.

The e-mails would ask the recipient for personal information, such as a bank account numbers, claiming the FBI wanted the information to look into an impending financial transaction. One variation of the scheme, according to the center, was to send an e-mail saying the recipient is entitled to lottery money or an inheritance and the funds can be moved as soon as bank account information is supplied.

The FBI has issued warnings about such scams in the past, and Monday's report included a new one: "The FBI does not contact U.S. citizens regarding personal financial matters through unsolicited e-mails."

The report said that about 77.4 percent of perpetrators of Internet fraud were men, and about half lived in either California, New York, Florida, Washington, Texas or the District of Columbia. More than 55 percent of those who filed complaints were men.

But the report noted that anyone who uses the Internet can be a victim, and that the ages of victims have ranged from 10 to 100.

Internet crime offers unique challenges to investigators. The report said the offender and victim often live in different states and sometimes different countries, requiring multiple law enforcement agencies to cooperate and conquer any issues of jurisdiction. Another big problem is the anonymity of using the Internet. In most instances, a victim never meets the criminal.

The Internet Crime Complaint Center is a partnership of the FBI and the National White Collar Crime Center.

text: WASHINGTON

text: CNN

text: Internet

text: based

text: rip

text: offs

text: jumped

text: percent

text: last

text: year

text: over

text: the

text: previous

text: year

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: report

text: from

text: a

text: complaint

text: center

text: set

text: up

text: to

text: monitor

text: such

text: crimes

text: The

text: report

text: said

text: that

text: about

text: percent

text: of

text: perpetrators

text: of

text: Internet

text: fraud

text: were

text: men

text: The

text: total

text: dollar

text: loss

text: from

text: those

text: crimes

text: was

text: million

text: That

text: 's

text: million

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: price

text: tag

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: Internet

text: Crime

text: Center

text: said

text: For

text: individual

text: victims

text: the

text: average

text: amount

text: lost

text: was

text: This

text: report

text: illustrates

text: that

text: sophisticated

text: computer

text: fraud

text: schemes

text: continue

text: to

text: flourish

text: as

text: financial

text: data

text: migrates

text: to

text: the

text: Internet

text: said

text: Shawn

text: Henry

text: the

text: FBI

text: 's

text: assistant

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Division

text: Americans

text: filed

text: reports

text: claiming

text: to

text: be

text: ripped

text: off

text: on

text: the

text: Internet

text: the

text: highest

text: number

text: reported

text: since

text: the

text: center

text: began

text: keeping

text: statistics

text: in

text: The

text: dollar

text: loss

text: has

text: been

text: on

text: a

text: steady

text: increase

text: since

text: while

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: cases

text: referred

text: to

text: law

text: enforcement

text: has

text: decreased

text: steadily

text: since

text: that

text: same

text: year

text: Complaints

text: to

text: the

text: center

text: have

text: resulted

text: in

text: several

text: arrests

text: the

text: center

text: said

text: although

text: information

text: comes

text: only

text: from

text: agencies

text: that

text: voluntarily

text: provide

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: investigations

text: Henry

text: said

text: the

text: figures

text: show

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: computer

text: users

text: in

text: businesses

text: and

text: in

text: homes

text: to

text: be

text: wary

text: and

text: use

text: sound

text: security

text: practices

text: while

text: using

text: the

text: Internet

text: The

text: center

text: said

text: the

text: top

text: three

text: most

text: frequent

text: complaints

text: were

text: about

text: merchandise

text: that

text: was

text: n't

text: delivered

text: or

text: payment

text: that

text: was

text: n't

text: received

text: Internet

text: auction

text: fraud

text: and

text: credit

text: debit

text: card

text: fraud

text: Other

text: scams

text: include

text: confidence

text: frauds

text: such

text: as

text: Ponzi

text: schemes

text: check

text: fraud

text: the

text: Nigerian

text: letter

text: fraud

text: and

text: identity

text: fraud

text: One

text: popular

text: identity

text: fraud

text: scam

text: used

text: during

text: involved

text: sending

text: e

text: mails

text: crafted

text: to

text: appear

text: as

text: if

text: they

text: 'd

text: been

text: sent

text: by

text: the

text: FBI

text: Sometimes

text: the

text: scammers

text: went

text: so

text: far

text: as

text: to

text: say

text: the

text: mailings

text: were

text: from

text: FBI

text: Director

text: Robert

text: Mueller

text: himself

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: center

text: The

text: e

text: mails

text: would

text: ask

text: the

text: recipient

text: for

text: personal

text: information

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: bank

text: account

text: numbers

text: claiming

text: the

text: FBI

text: wanted

text: the

text: information

text: to

text: look

text: into

text: an

text: impending

text: financial

text: transaction

text: One

text: variation

text: of

text: the

text: scheme

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: center

text: was

text: to

text: send

text: an

text: e

text: mail

text: saying

text: the

text: recipient

text: is

text: entitled

text: to

text: lottery

text: money

text: or

text: an

text: inheritance

text: and

text: the

text: funds

text: can

text: be

text: moved

text: as

text: soon

text: as

text: bank

text: account

text: information

text: is

text: supplied

text: The

text: FBI

text: has

text: issued

text: warnings

text: about

text: such

text: scams

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: and

text: Monday

text: 's

text: report

text: included

text: a

text: new

text: one

text: The

text: FBI

text: does

text: not

text: contact

text: U.S.

text: citizens

text: regarding

text: personal

text: financial

text: matters

text: through

text: unsolicited

text: e

text: mails

text: The

text: report

text: said

text: that

text: about

text: percent

text: of

text: perpetrators

text: of

text: Internet

text: fraud

text: were

text: men

text: and

text: about

text: half

text: lived

text: in

text: either

text: California

text: New

text: York

text: Florida

text: Washington

text: Texas

text: or

text: the

text: District

text: of

text: Columbia

text: More

text: than

text: percent

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: filed

text: complaints

text: were

text: men

text: But

text: the

text: report

text: noted

text: that

text: anyone

text: who

text: uses

text: the

text: Internet

text: can

text: be

text: a

text: victim

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: ages

text: of

text: victims

text: have

text: ranged

text: from

text: to

text: Internet

text: crime

text: offers

text: unique

text: challenges

text: to

text: investigators

text: The

text: report

text: said

text: the

text: offender

text: and

text: victim

text: often

text: live

text: in

text: different

text: states

text: and

text: sometimes

text: different

text: countries

text: requiring

text: multiple

text: law

text: enforcement

text: agencies

text: to

text: cooperate

text: and

text: conquer

text: any

text: issues

text: of

text: jurisdiction

text: Another

text: big

text: problem

text: is

text: the

text: anonymity

text: of

text: using

text: the

text: Internet

text: In

text: most

text: instances

text: a

text: victim

text: never

text: meets

text: the

text: criminal

text: The

text: Internet

text: Crime

text: Complaint

text: Center

text: is

text: a

text: partnership

text: of

text: the

text: FBI

text: and

text: the

text: National

text: White

text: Collar

text: Crime

text: Center

question: How many perpetrators are men?

answer: 77.4 percent

text: 77.4 percent

question: How many Americans filed record?

answer: 275,284

question: What does the FBI have to say about it?

answer: sophisticated computer fraud schemes continue

text: sophisticated computer fraud schemes continue

question: What amount of money was lost to the scams?

answer: $265 million.

text: $265 million.

question: What percent of the perps were male?

answer: 77.4

question: What percentage of perpetrators were men?

answer: 77.4 percent

text: 77.4 percent


text:
LONDON, England (CNN) -- British filmmaker, screenwriter and playwright, Mike Leigh has been in the movie business for over 35 years.

Leigh on screenwriting: "I don't make a conventional screenplay ... it's a whole organic process."

In that time, he has been nominated for five Oscars, as well as winning the Best Director award at Cannes Film Festival for "Naked" in 1993, the Palme d'Or there for "Secrets & Lies" in 1996 and the Leono d'Oro at Venice Film Festival in 2004 for "Vera Drake."

Famous for his fierce independence (read refusal to work in Hollywood), Leigh's work is known for gritty realism and a focus on underprivileged sections of British society.

Another of Leigh's calling cards is an unconventional approach to screenwriting. "The Screening Room" caught up with the veteran director at the International Screenwriters' Festival in the UK earlier this year to ask him more about his approach to making films.

The Screening Room: Why is this festival so important to you?

Mike Leigh: I am a filmmaker who is both a writer and director and I have this way of making films where the writing and the actors and the shooting is all combined together. I don't make a conventional screenplay ... it's a whole organic process.

TSR: What do you think other scriptwriters can learn from you?

ML: I think screenwriters who, because of the politics and economics of the film industry, are forced to work in a much more conventional way, are always fascinated to discuss with me how I work.

TSR: There is this romantic idea that screenwriting has to be a painful, solitary experience. That's not what you experience, though.

ML: No, I don't sit in a room writing a script solo. My films are highly structured. Everything you see in my films is very precisely written, very thoroughly researched, but actually it is done through rehearsal, it's done through improvisation and research. I work for six months with the actors before we shoot anything, then the shooting of the film is in itself then an operation of making the film as I go along in a way, although it's very structured. It's a very sophisticated thing.

TSR: How did you first discover that this way the way you wanted to make your films?

ML: I trained as an actor, I did a lot of theatre work and, of course, the convention of actually rehearsing is much more prevalent in the theater, although actually what I do isn't really theater practice, it's very film orientated in its nature but it came out of all of those kind of explorations and experiences in the 1960s.

TSR: How important is the audition process for you?

ML: For me, casting is probably more important than it is for most people. If someone has written a conventional script then a range of actors could do that role. I find actors with whom I can collaborate to create characters, so I have to have actors that are brilliant, who are very intelligent and not all actors are very intelligent, who are versatile, who are character actors and not all actors are, that have a sense of humor, that have a sense of society and commitment, who aren't just narcissistic which a lot of actors are, and people who are patient and courageous. Working with me on these things is dangerous.

TSR: When you work with actors do you give them over to the idea that they are shaping the story, or do you always know exactly what you want?

ML: I don't always have a structure, and certainly there is no illusion involved. Also, I say to each actor when asking him or her to take part, you will only ever know what your character knows, so they never have an overview of the film. Their actual contribution is as an individual with a responsibility to their character, but my job is to tell the story.

It's a very healthy and harmonious division of labor, but certainly, there would be no point in doing it if I didn't set up conditions in which they can really explore and the thing can go in fantastically unpredictable directions.

TSR: When you take a script to a producer, how much should you compromise to get the film made?

ML: I am the least qualified person in the world to answer that because I don't do that in the first place. I mean, I go to backers with my producers and we say, "I can't tell you anything about it. I haven't got the script. Give us the money and we will go away and make it." And they either say 'yes,' which happens just occasionally, or they say 'no' which happens most of the time.

So, I never have a situation where anybody interferes or where I have to compromise. But just in passing I would say that I have a rule about what one should do in the film business which is never compromise.

text: LONDON

text: England

text: CNN

text: British

text: filmmaker

text: screenwriter

text: and

text: playwright

text: Mike

text: Leigh

text: has

text: been

text: in

text: the

text: movie

text: business

text: for

text: over

text: years

text: Leigh

text: on

text: screenwriting

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: make

text: a

text: conventional

text: screenplay

text: it

text: 's

text: a

text: whole

text: organic

text: process

text: In

text: that

text: time

text: he

text: has

text: been

text: nominated

text: for

text: five

text: Oscars

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: winning

text: the

text: Best

text: Director

text: award

text: at

text: Cannes

text: Film

text: Festival

text: for

text: Naked

text: in

text: the

text: Palme

text: d'Or

text: there

text: for

text: Secrets

text: Lies

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Leono

text: d'Oro

text: at

text: Venice

text: Film

text: Festival

text: in

text: for

text: Vera

text: Drake

text: Famous

text: for

text: his

text: fierce

text: independence

text: read

text: refusal

text: to

text: work

text: in

text: Hollywood

text: Leigh

text: 's

text: work

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: gritty

text: realism

text: and

text: a

text: focus

text: on

text: underprivileged

text: sections

text: of

text: British

text: society

text: Another

text: of

text: Leigh

text: 's

text: calling

text: cards

text: is

text: an

text: unconventional

text: approach

text: to

text: screenwriting

text: The

text: Screening

text: Room

text: caught

text: up

text: with

text: the

text: veteran

text: director

text: at

text: the

text: International

text: Screenwriters

text: Festival

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: earlier

text: this

text: year

text: to

text: ask

text: him

text: more

text: about

text: his

text: approach

text: to

text: making

text: films

text: The

text: Screening

text: Room

text: Why

text: is

text: this

text: festival

text: so

text: important

text: to

text: you

text: Mike

text: Leigh

text: I

text: am

text: a

text: filmmaker

text: who

text: is

text: both

text: a

text: writer

text: and

text: director

text: and

text: I

text: have

text: this

text: way

text: of

text: making

text: films

text: where

text: the

text: writing

text: and

text: the

text: actors

text: and

text: the

text: shooting

text: is

text: all

text: combined

text: together

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: make

text: a

text: conventional

text: screenplay

text: it

text: 's

text: a

text: whole

text: organic

text: process

text: TSR

text: What

text: do

text: you

text: think

text: other

text: scriptwriters

text: can

text: learn

text: from

text: you

text: ML

text: I

text: think

text: screenwriters

text: who

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: politics

text: and

text: economics

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: industry

text: are

text: forced

text: to

text: work

text: in

text: a

text: much

text: more

text: conventional

text: way

text: are

text: always

text: fascinated

text: to

text: discuss

text: with

text: me

text: how

text: I

text: work

text: TSR

text: There

text: is

text: this

text: romantic

text: idea

text: that

text: screenwriting

text: has

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: painful

text: solitary

text: experience

text: That

text: 's

text: not

text: what

text: you

text: experience

text: though

text: ML

text: No

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: sit

text: in

text: a

text: room

text: writing

text: a

text: script

text: solo

text: My

text: films

text: are

text: highly

text: structured

text: Everything

text: you

text: see

text: in

text: my

text: films

text: is

text: very

text: precisely

text: written

text: very

text: thoroughly

text: researched

text: but

text: actually

text: it

text: is

text: done

text: through

text: rehearsal

text: it

text: 's

text: done

text: through

text: improvisation

text: and

text: research

text: I

text: work

text: for

text: six

text: months

text: with

text: the

text: actors

text: before

text: we

text: shoot

text: anything

text: then

text: the

text: shooting

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: is

text: in

text: itself

text: then

text: an

text: operation

text: of

text: making

text: the

text: film

text: as

text: I

text: go

text: along

text: in

text: a

text: way

text: although

text: it

text: 's

text: very

text: structured

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: very

text: sophisticated

text: thing

text: TSR

text: How

text: did

text: you

text: first

text: discover

text: that

text: this

text: way

text: the

text: way

text: you

text: wanted

text: to

text: make

text: your

text: films

text: ML

text: I

text: trained

text: as

text: an

text: actor

text: I

text: did

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: theatre

text: work

text: and

text: of

text: course

text: the

text: convention

text: of

text: actually

text: rehearsing

text: is

text: much

text: more

text: prevalent

text: in

text: the

text: theater

text: although

text: actually

text: what

text: I

text: do

text: is

text: n't

text: really

text: theater

text: practice

text: it

text: 's

text: very

text: film

text: orientated

text: in

text: its

text: nature

text: but

text: it

text: came

text: out

text: of

text: all

text: of

text: those

text: kind

text: of

text: explorations

text: and

text: experiences

text: in

text: the

text: TSR

text: How

text: important

text: is

text: the

text: audition

text: process

text: for

text: you

text: ML

text: For

text: me

text: casting

text: is

text: probably

text: more

text: important

text: than

text: it

text: is

text: for

text: most

text: people

text: If

text: someone

text: has

text: written

text: a

text: conventional

text: script

text: then

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: actors

text: could

text: do

text: that

text: role

text: I

text: find

text: actors

text: with

text: whom

text: I

text: can

text: collaborate

text: to

text: create

text: characters

text: so

text: I

text: have

text: to

text: have

text: actors

text: that

text: are

text: brilliant

text: who

text: are

text: very

text: intelligent

text: and

text: not

text: all

text: actors

text: are

text: very

text: intelligent

text: who

text: are

text: versatile

text: who

text: are

text: character

text: actors

text: and

text: not

text: all

text: actors

text: are

text: that

text: have

text: a

text: sense

text: of

text: humor

text: that

text: have

text: a

text: sense

text: of

text: society

text: and

text: commitment

text: who

text: are

text: n't

text: just

text: narcissistic

text: which

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: actors

text: are

text: and

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: patient

text: and

text: courageous

text: Working

text: with

text: me

text: on

text: these

text: things

text: is

text: dangerous

text: TSR

text: When

text: you

text: work

text: with

text: actors

text: do

text: you

text: give

text: them

text: over

text: to

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: shaping

text: the

text: story

text: or

text: do

text: you

text: always

text: know

text: exactly

text: what

text: you

text: want

text: ML

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: always

text: have

text: a

text: structure

text: and

text: certainly

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: illusion

text: involved

text: Also

text: I

text: say

text: to

text: each

text: actor

text: when

text: asking

text: him

text: or

text: her

text: to

text: take

text: part

text: you

text: will

text: only

text: ever

text: know

text: what

text: your

text: character

text: knows

text: so

text: they

text: never

text: have

text: an

text: overview

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: Their

text: actual

text: contribution

text: is

text: as

text: an

text: individual

text: with

text: a

text: responsibility

text: to

text: their

text: character

text: but

text: my

text: job

text: is

text: to

text: tell

text: the

text: story

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: very

text: healthy

text: and

text: harmonious

text: division

text: of

text: labor

text: but

text: certainly

text: there

text: would

text: be

text: no

text: point

text: in

text: doing

text: it

text: if

text: I

text: did

text: n't

text: set

text: up

text: conditions

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: can

text: really

text: explore

text: and

text: the

text: thing

text: can

text: go

text: in

text: fantastically

text: unpredictable

text: directions

text: TSR

text: When

text: you

text: take

text: a

text: script

text: to

text: a

text: producer

text: how

text: much

text: should

text: you

text: compromise

text: to

text: get

text: the

text: film

text: made

text: ML

text: I

text: am

text: the

text: least

text: qualified

text: person

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: to

text: answer

text: that

text: because

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: do

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: place

text: I

text: mean

text: I

text: go

text: to

text: backers

text: with

text: my

text: producers

text: and

text: we

text: say

text: I

text: ca

text: n't

text: tell

text: you

text: anything

text: about

text: it

text: I

text: have

text: n't

text: got

text: the

text: script

text: Give

text: us

text: the

text: money

text: and

text: we

text: will

text: go

text: away

text: and

text: make

text: it

text: And

text: they

text: either

text: say

text: yes

text: which

text: happens

text: just

text: occasionally

text: or

text: they

text: say

text: no

text: which

text: happens

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: So

text: I

text: never

text: have

text: a

text: situation

text: where

text: anybody

text: interferes

text: or

text: where

text: I

text: have

text: to

text: compromise

text: But

text: just

text: in

text: passing

text: I

text: would

text: say

text: that

text: I

text: have

text: a

text: rule

text: about

text: what

text: one

text: should

text: do

text: in

text: the

text: film

text: business

text: which

text: is

text: never

text: compromise

question: Which British filmmaker shares his secrets?

answer: Mike Leigh

text: Mike Leigh

question: What film earned Leigh his most fame?

answer: "Secrets & Lies"

text: "Secrets & Lies"

question: What industry is Mike Leigh well known in?

answer: movie business

text: movie business

question: Leigh's work is known for what?

answer: gritty realism and a focus on underprivileged sections of British society.

text: gritty realism and a focus on underprivileged sections of British society.

question: Who is Mike Leigh?

answer: British filmmaker, screenwriter and playwright,

text: British filmmaker, screenwriter and playwright,

question: What are hallmarks of Leigh's films?

answer: gritty realism

text: gritty realism

question: What is Leigh's work known for?

answer: gritty realism and a focus on underprivileged sections of British society.

text: gritty realism and a focus on underprivileged sections of British society.

question: Years Mike Leigh has been in the movie industry?

answer: over 35

text: over 35

question: What is Leigh known for?

answer: gritty realism and a focus on underprivileged sections of British society.

text: gritty realism and a focus on underprivileged sections of British society.


text:
LONDON, England (CNN) -- It was inevitable that a tragedy on the scale of Hillsborough, when 96 Liverpool fans were crushed to death during an FA Cup semifinal with Nottingham Forest, would have a transformative effect on English football.

A Liverpool supporter Wednesday, outside Anfield. Ninety-six fans died from the 1989 Hillsborough disaster.

But there was little reason to believe 20 years ago that, rather than being pushed even further towards the margins of society, the sport was on the brink of a revolution that would give birth to a global sporting phenomenon.

Even before Hillsborough, it had seemed as if there was something irredeemably rotten at the heart of English football.

Hooliganism, a scourge synonymous with the English game, had receded from its peak in the 1970s but English clubs were outlawed from European competition after rampaging Liverpool fans caused a wall to collapse at Brussels' Heysel Stadium before the 1985 European Cup final, causing the deaths of 39 people, mostly supporters of the Italian side Juventus.

British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, showing little understanding or patience for the traditions of the sport, had virtually ghettoized fans, promoting a scheme to have each supporter issued with an identity card.

On the field, sides such as Liverpool, Tottenham Hotspur and Nottingham Forest were renowned for their attractive play but elsewhere a corrosive cult of long ball football pervaded the game.

That trend seemed to find vindication when arch-exponents Wimbledon, who in the course of a decade had bullied and scrapped their way through four divisions to reach the top flight, defeated Liverpool in the 1988 FA Cup final, prompting match commentator John Motson to declare that "the Crazy Gang have beaten the Culture Club."

With its clubs banned from Europe, many top British players opted to leave England altogether -- Gary Lineker and Mark Hughes to Barcelona, Glenn Hoddle to Monaco, Chris Waddle to Marseille -- adding further to the sense of terminal malaise.

Hillsborough had not been caused by hooliganism but the tragedy was a product of the environment that hooliganism had created; stadiums resembling decrepit fortresses, the fans caged inside steel bars and heavy-handed policing which treated all supporters equally -- as potential troublemakers.

Coupled with Heysel and a fire at Bradford in 1985 in which 56 fans died, it also served to reinforce the belief that going to a football match was something which could put your life in danger.

In "The Last Game: Love, Death and Football," a book examining the lasting impact of the events of 1989 on the sport, author Jason Cowley describes Hillsborough as English football's "psychological moment, the point of no return."

"The culture of the game had to change definitely if football was ever to be perceived as anything more than the preserve of the white, working class male, a theatre of hate and of violence, often racist and misogynistic excesses, if it was to survive at all," says Cowley.

English football not only survived but within a few years had reinvented itself, in the elite "Premier League" division of the country's top clubs at least, as an internationally recognized super brand capable of attracting the world's best players and broadcast around the planet.

The engine for this transformation, in the wake of Hillsborough, was the Taylor Report, an inquiry into the causes of the disaster which called for the steel fences inside grounds to be dismantled and for the phasing out of the traditional terraces of standing fans with all-seater stadiums.

Initially clubs received government funding to help them meet the costs but the sport was about to receive an injection of cash that would radically change its financial prospects.

Despite its poor reputation, there remained a huge appetite for televised football -- ironically, itself a by-product of the fact that many supporters were no longer going to matches.

Realizing this, the country's top clubs broke away from the game's traditional power structure, setting up the Premier League and selling TV rights for Â£191 million ($286 million) to media tycoon Rupert Murdoch's newly established satellite television venture, BSkyB.

The money was a shot in the arm for football, while Sky's coverage regenerated interest in the sport by repackaging it as something shiny, exotic and exciting. On a Europe-wide scale, the replacement of the old knockout format European Cup with the Champions League achieved something similar, creating a clique of continential superpowers.

The television rights boom also convinced many in the sport that football could actually be profitable. Some clubs raised more cash by floating on stock markets and others, such as Bolton, Middlesbrough and Sunderland, invested in shiny flying saucer-like new stadiums.

But the success of the Premier League also owed something to events on the pitch. If Hillsborough marked a nadir for English football, the 1990 World Cup in Italy -- and Paul Gascoigne's tears during the national side's epic semifinal defeat by West Germany -- offered a moment of catharsis that rekindled many casual fan's residual love for the game.

Subtle changes to the rules implemented worldwide by FIFA, including banning back passes to goalkeepers, automatic sendings off for professional fouls and changing the offside rule to give the benefit of the doubt to forward players, gradually made the game a more attractive spectacle.

Meanwhile, the emergence of Alex Ferguson's young and exciting Manchester United team as the Premier League's dominant force, perfectly captured the spirit of the new age yet grounded the game in the traditions of the past.

Finally, the 1995 Bosman Ruling, which granted players across Europe freedom of movement when out of contract, and the end of restrictions on the number of foreign players teams could field, created an international transfer market which lifted the horizons of the English game and brought genuine world class stars including Eric Cantona and Dennis Bergkamp, and eventually Cristiano Ronaldo and Fernando Torres, to the Premier League.

Still, for many football fans, the glamour and wealth of the Premier League, with its homogenized stadiums and corporate entertainment suites -- in which clubs are bought and sold by global plutocrats from Siberia to Texas via Thailand and Abu Dhabi -- represents a betrayal of the sport's traditional values.

"There's still a powerful nostalgia among fans of my generation for a lost, less aggressively commercial era of football, when the game seemed less cynically concerned with exploiting the loyalty of those who pay to watch and with selling itself to a global audience," says Cowley.

Yet in a week when four Premier League sides featured in the quarterfinals of the Champions League and public appetite for the game appears insatiable, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that English football is in a better state than anyone who witnessed the horror at Hillsborough 20 years ago could ever have dared believe.

More importantly, it is virtually inconceivable to imagine the circumstances in which 96 fans died ever being repeated in an English stadium.

text: LONDON

text: England

text: CNN

text: It

text: was

text: inevitable

text: that

text: a

text: tragedy

text: on

text: the

text: scale

text: of

text: Hillsborough

text: when

text: Liverpool

text: fans

text: were

text: crushed

text: to

text: death

text: during

text: an

text: FA

text: Cup

text: semifinal

text: with

text: Nottingham

text: Forest

text: would

text: have

text: a

text: transformative

text: effect

text: on

text: English

text: football

text: A

text: Liverpool

text: supporter

text: Wednesday

text: outside

text: Anfield

text: Ninety

text: six

text: fans

text: died

text: from

text: the

text: Hillsborough

text: disaster

text: But

text: there

text: was

text: little

text: reason

text: to

text: believe

text: years

text: ago

text: that

text: rather

text: than

text: being

text: pushed

text: even

text: further

text: towards

text: the

text: margins

text: of

text: society

text: the

text: sport

text: was

text: on

text: the

text: brink

text: of

text: a

text: revolution

text: that

text: would

text: give

text: birth

text: to

text: a

text: global

text: sporting

text: phenomenon

text: Even

text: before

text: Hillsborough

text: it

text: had

text: seemed

text: as

text: if

text: there

text: was

text: something

text: irredeemably

text: rotten

text: at

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: English

text: football

text: Hooliganism

text: a

text: scourge

text: synonymous

text: with

text: the

text: English

text: game

text: had

text: receded

text: from

text: its

text: peak

text: in

text: the

text: but

text: English

text: clubs

text: were

text: outlawed

text: from

text: European

text: competition

text: after

text: rampaging

text: Liverpool

text: fans

text: caused

text: a

text: wall

text: to

text: collapse

text: at

text: Brussels

text: Heysel

text: Stadium

text: before

text: the

text: European

text: Cup

text: final

text: causing

text: the

text: deaths

text: of

text: people

text: mostly

text: supporters

text: of

text: the

text: Italian

text: side

text: Juventus

text: British

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Margaret

text: Thatcher

text: showing

text: little

text: understanding

text: or

text: patience

text: for

text: the

text: traditions

text: of

text: the

text: sport

text: had

text: virtually

text: ghettoized

text: fans

text: promoting

text: a

text: scheme

text: to

text: have

text: each

text: supporter

text: issued

text: with

text: an

text: identity

text: card

text: On

text: the

text: field

text: sides

text: such

text: as

text: Liverpool

text: Tottenham

text: Hotspur

text: and

text: Nottingham

text: Forest

text: were

text: renowned

text: for

text: their

text: attractive

text: play

text: but

text: elsewhere

text: a

text: corrosive

text: cult

text: of

text: long

text: ball

text: football

text: pervaded

text: the

text: game

text: That

text: trend

text: seemed

text: to

text: find

text: vindication

text: when

text: arch

text: exponents

text: Wimbledon

text: who

text: in

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: a

text: decade

text: had

text: bullied

text: and

text: scrapped

text: their

text: way

text: through

text: four

text: divisions

text: to

text: reach

text: the

text: top

text: flight

text: defeated

text: Liverpool

text: in

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: final

text: prompting

text: match

text: commentator

text: John

text: Motson

text: to

text: declare

text: that

text: the

text: Crazy

text: Gang

text: have

text: beaten

text: the

text: Culture

text: Club

text: With

text: its

text: clubs

text: banned

text: from

text: Europe

text: many

text: top

text: British

text: players

text: opted

text: to

text: leave

text: England

text: altogether

text: Gary

text: Lineker

text: and

text: Mark

text: Hughes

text: to

text: Barcelona

text: Glenn

text: Hoddle

text: to

text: Monaco

text: Chris

text: Waddle

text: to

text: Marseille

text: adding

text: further

text: to

text: the

text: sense

text: of

text: terminal

text: malaise

text: Hillsborough

text: had

text: not

text: been

text: caused

text: by

text: hooliganism

text: but

text: the

text: tragedy

text: was

text: a

text: product

text: of

text: the

text: environment

text: that

text: hooliganism

text: had

text: created

text: stadiums

text: resembling

text: decrepit

text: fortresses

text: the

text: fans

text: caged

text: inside

text: steel

text: bars

text: and

text: heavy

text: handed

text: policing

text: which

text: treated

text: all

text: supporters

text: equally

text: as

text: potential

text: troublemakers

text: Coupled

text: with

text: Heysel

text: and

text: a

text: fire

text: at

text: Bradford

text: in

text: in

text: which

text: fans

text: died

text: it

text: also

text: served

text: to

text: reinforce

text: the

text: belief

text: that

text: going

text: to

text: a

text: football

text: match

text: was

text: something

text: which

text: could

text: put

text: your

text: life

text: in

text: danger

text: In

text: The

text: Last

text: Game

text: Love

text: Death

text: and

text: Football

text: a

text: book

text: examining

text: the

text: lasting

text: impact

text: of

text: the

text: events

text: of

text: on

text: the

text: sport

text: author

text: Jason

text: Cowley

text: describes

text: Hillsborough

text: as

text: English

text: football

text: 's

text: psychological

text: moment

text: the

text: point

text: of

text: no

text: return

text: The

text: culture

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: had

text: to

text: change

text: definitely

text: if

text: football

text: was

text: ever

text: to

text: be

text: perceived

text: as

text: anything

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: preserve

text: of

text: the

text: white

text: working

text: class

text: male

text: a

text: theatre

text: of

text: hate

text: and

text: of

text: violence

text: often

text: racist

text: and

text: misogynistic

text: excesses

text: if

text: it

text: was

text: to

text: survive

text: at

text: all

text: says

text: Cowley

text: English

text: football

text: not

text: only

text: survived

text: but

text: within

text: a

text: few

text: years

text: had

text: reinvented

text: itself

text: in

text: the

text: elite

text: Premier

text: League

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: top

text: clubs

text: at

text: least

text: as

text: an

text: internationally

text: recognized

text: super

text: brand

text: capable

text: of

text: attracting

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: best

text: players

text: and

text: broadcast

text: around

text: the

text: planet

text: The

text: engine

text: for

text: this

text: transformation

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: Hillsborough

text: was

text: the

text: Taylor

text: Report

text: an

text: inquiry

text: into

text: the

text: causes

text: of

text: the

text: disaster

text: which

text: called

text: for

text: the

text: steel

text: fences

text: inside

text: grounds

text: to

text: be

text: dismantled

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: phasing

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: terraces

text: of

text: standing

text: fans

text: with

text: all

text: seater

text: stadiums

text: Initially

text: clubs

text: received

text: government

text: funding

text: to

text: help

text: them

text: meet

text: the

text: costs

text: but

text: the

text: sport

text: was

text: about

text: to

text: receive

text: an

text: injection

text: of

text: cash

text: that

text: would

text: radically

text: change

text: its

text: financial

text: prospects

text: Despite

text: its

text: poor

text: reputation

text: there

text: remained

text: a

text: huge

text: appetite

text: for

text: televised

text: football

text: ironically

text: itself

text: a

text: by

text: product

text: of

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: many

text: supporters

text: were

text: no

text: longer

text: going

text: to

text: matches

text: Realizing

text: this

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: top

text: clubs

text: broke

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: game

text: 's

text: traditional

text: power

text: structure

text: setting

text: up

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: and

text: selling

text: TV

text: rights

text: for

text: million

text: million

text: to

text: media

text: tycoon

text: Rupert

text: Murdoch

text: 's

text: newly

text: established

text: satellite

text: television

text: venture

text: BSkyB.

text: The

text: money

text: was

text: a

text: shot

text: in

text: the

text: arm

text: for

text: football

text: while

text: Sky

text: 's

text: coverage

text: regenerated

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: sport

text: by

text: repackaging

text: it

text: as

text: something

text: shiny

text: exotic

text: and

text: exciting

text: On

text: a

text: Europe

text: wide

text: scale

text: the

text: replacement

text: of

text: the

text: old

text: knockout

text: format

text: European

text: Cup

text: with

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: achieved

text: something

text: similar

text: creating

text: a

text: clique

text: of

text: continential

text: superpowers

text: The

text: television

text: rights

text: boom

text: also

text: convinced

text: many

text: in

text: the

text: sport

text: that

text: football

text: could

text: actually

text: be

text: profitable

text: Some

text: clubs

text: raised

text: more

text: cash

text: by

text: floating

text: on

text: stock

text: markets

text: and

text: others

text: such

text: as

text: Bolton

text: Middlesbrough

text: and

text: Sunderland

text: invested

text: in

text: shiny

text: flying

text: saucer

text: like

text: new

text: stadiums

text: But

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: also

text: owed

text: something

text: to

text: events

text: on

text: the

text: pitch

text: If

text: Hillsborough

text: marked

text: a

text: nadir

text: for

text: English

text: football

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: in

text: Italy

text: and

text: Paul

text: Gascoigne

text: 's

text: tears

text: during

text: the

text: national

text: side

text: 's

text: epic

text: semifinal

text: defeat

text: by

text: West

text: Germany

text: offered

text: a

text: moment

text: of

text: catharsis

text: that

text: rekindled

text: many

text: casual

text: fan

text: 's

text: residual

text: love

text: for

text: the

text: game

text: Subtle

text: changes

text: to

text: the

text: rules

text: implemented

text: worldwide

text: by

text: FIFA

text: including

text: banning

text: back

text: passes

text: to

text: goalkeepers

text: automatic

text: sendings

text: off

text: for

text: professional

text: fouls

text: and

text: changing

text: the

text: offside

text: rule

text: to

text: give

text: the

text: benefit

text: of

text: the

text: doubt

text: to

text: forward

text: players

text: gradually

text: made

text: the

text: game

text: a

text: more

text: attractive

text: spectacle

text: Meanwhile

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: Alex

text: Ferguson

text: 's

text: young

text: and

text: exciting

text: Manchester

text: United

text: team

text: as

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: 's

text: dominant

text: force

text: perfectly

text: captured

text: the

text: spirit

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: age

text: yet

text: grounded

text: the

text: game

text: in

text: the

text: traditions

text: of

text: the

text: past

text: Finally

text: the

text: Bosman

text: Ruling

text: which

text: granted

text: players

text: across

text: Europe

text: freedom

text: of

text: movement

text: when

text: out

text: of

text: contract

text: and

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: restrictions

text: on

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: foreign

text: players

text: teams

text: could

text: field

text: created

text: an

text: international

text: transfer

text: market

text: which

text: lifted

text: the

text: horizons

text: of

text: the

text: English

text: game

text: and

text: brought

text: genuine

text: world

text: class

text: stars

text: including

text: Eric

text: Cantona

text: and

text: Dennis

text: Bergkamp

text: and

text: eventually

text: Cristiano

text: Ronaldo

text: and

text: Fernando

text: Torres

text: to

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: Still

text: for

text: many

text: football

text: fans

text: the

text: glamour

text: and

text: wealth

text: of

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: with

text: its

text: homogenized

text: stadiums

text: and

text: corporate

text: entertainment

text: suites

text: in

text: which

text: clubs

text: are

text: bought

text: and

text: sold

text: by

text: global

text: plutocrats

text: from

text: Siberia

text: to

text: Texas

text: via

text: Thailand

text: and

text: Abu

text: Dhabi

text: represents

text: a

text: betrayal

text: of

text: the

text: sport

text: 's

text: traditional

text: values

text: There

text: 's

text: still

text: a

text: powerful

text: nostalgia

text: among

text: fans

text: of

text: my

text: generation

text: for

text: a

text: lost

text: less

text: aggressively

text: commercial

text: era

text: of

text: football

text: when

text: the

text: game

text: seemed

text: less

text: cynically

text: concerned

text: with

text: exploiting

text: the

text: loyalty

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: pay

text: to

text: watch

text: and

text: with

text: selling

text: itself

text: to

text: a

text: global

text: audience

text: says

text: Cowley

text: Yet

text: in

text: a

text: week

text: when

text: four

text: Premier

text: League

text: sides

text: featured

text: in

text: the

text: quarterfinals

text: of

text: the

text: Champions

text: League

text: and

text: public

text: appetite

text: for

text: the

text: game

text: appears

text: insatiable

text: it

text: is

text: hard

text: to

text: avoid

text: the

text: conclusion

text: that

text: English

text: football

text: is

text: in

text: a

text: better

text: state

text: than

text: anyone

text: who

text: witnessed

text: the

text: horror

text: at

text: Hillsborough

text: years

text: ago

text: could

text: ever

text: have

text: dared

text: believe

text: More

text: importantly

text: it

text: is

text: virtually

text: inconceivable

text: to

text: imagine

text: the

text: circumstances

text: in

text: which

text: fans

text: died

text: ever

text: being

text: repeated

text: in

text: an

text: English

text: stadium

question: What status does the English Premier League  now have?

answer: an internationally recognized super brand capable of attracting the world's best players and broadcast around the planet.

text: an internationally recognized super brand capable of attracting the world's best players and broadcast around the planet.

question: how long has it been since the tragedy?

answer: 20 years

text: 20 years

question: What has happened to English football following the Hillsborough tragedy?

answer: not only survived but within a few years had reinvented itself, in the elite "Premier League" division of the country's top clubs at least, as an internationally recognized super brand capable of attracting the world's best players and broadcast around the planet.

text: not only survived but within a few years had reinvented itself, in the elite "Premier League" division of the country's top clubs at least, as an internationally recognized super brand capable of attracting the world's best players and broadcast around the planet.

question: What did the disaster do for English football?

answer: something

text: something