text:
New York (CNN) -- Thousands of Occupy Wall Street demonstrators deluged New York on Thursday, a show of strength in the movement's original home that was echoed nationwide as part of a "mass day of action."

Scores were arrested in New York, and several police officers were reported injured, as protesters fanned out across the city moved toward Foley Square in Lower Manhattan and the Brooklyn Bridge.

By early Thursday evening, many had crossed the bridge -- the same place where more than 700 had been arrested last month -- chanting, "This is what democracy looks like -- This is what America looks like," according to the New York movement's official Twitter feed. This time, they marched in the pedestrian walkway, not blocking the roadway. Nearby, pro-Occupy slogans were projected onto one side of the Verizon Building.

Those in New York were not alone. Like-minded activists also took to the streets in all corners of the nation -- from Miami to Los Angeles to Portland, Oregon, to Boston -- marking two months since the activist effort aimed at the nation's wealthiest 1% began in Manhattan.

Roundup of protests across the country

"I think the numbers have increased dramatically today," said New York protester Jo Robin. "Particularly after the raid, our message is being broadcast all over the world."

The group twice squared off against riot police in Zuccotti Park, where they'd been evicted two days earlier. They'd also engaged in several confrontations with police, leading to scores of arrests.

That includes 64 protesters -- wearing T-shirts with the figure "99%" prominently featured -- arrested at an early evening sit-in on Centre Street near Foley Square in lower Manhattan, a police spokesman said. (Earlier, police spokesmen and protest organizers had said -- incorrectly -- that 99 people were arrested in this same incident.)

In total, police said around 8 p.m. that a total of 245 people had been arrested around the city.

During a late afternoon press conference, Police Commissioner Ray Kelly said that at least seven police officers were hurt Thursday during exchanges with protesters.

Five of those officers were injured when a unidentified liquid was thrown on their faces, Kelly said, adding that the officers experienced a burning sensation and required hospitalization.

And a 24-year-old police officer was injured when a star-shaped glass object was thrown at him, Mayor Michael Bloomberg told reporters during a visit to Bellevue Hospital Center where the officer was being treated.

It is not clear how many demonstrators have been injured during the clashes.

Overheard on CNN.com: Some tire of Occupy protesters

CNN and CNN affiliate New York One broadcast images of the exchanges, including video of one man -- whose face appeared to be covered in blood -- sitting near police who wielded shields and batons.

Authorities constructed barricades at Zuccotti Park, in front of the New York Stock Exchange and along Fifth Avenue in an apparent attempt to keep demonstrators off the roads and on pedestrian walkways.

Residents and workers near the New York Stock Exchange were required to flash identification cards as police cordoned off the area amid concerns that demonstrators would try to disrupt trading.

Earlier in the day, protesters lifted metal barricades that ringed Zuccotti Park, a former home-base for the movement, defying authorities and blocking traffic.

Bloomberg said the day's protests had "caused minimal disruptions to our city," he asserted that some demonstrators had "deliberately pursued violence."

In Lower Manhattan, CNN iReporter Alvaro Perez shot video showing protesters being pulled away by police, including one woman who appeared to be dragged by her jacket and backpack.

"I don't want to speculate on what happened in advance of that," police spokesman Paul Browne said of the incident.

He said the "big picture" of how police have handled demonstrations has so far been mostly positive.

"People were able to get to work" and "protesters were able to protest," Browne added.

Occupy roundup: Movement marks 2 months

Earlier, on CNN's "American Morning," Howard Wolfson, a New York City deputy mayor, vowed, "We'll make sure, if people want to peacefully protest, they have the right to." But, he added, "if people break the law, we'll have to deal with that."

"If they attempt to enter a building they're not allowed in, that's breaking the law. If they want to express their concerns about Wall Street, that's totally fine," he said.

While the city has come under fire from protesters and other critics for arrests and removing protesters from Zuccotti Park, Wolfson insisted that "we had to act" to stop illegal activity, such as drug use, and to eliminate fire hazards.

"This is a place where we honor the First Amendment," he added.

Still, the ouster from Zuccotti Park did not appear to stifle the New York protest effort. The group tried to sum up its intent on a Twitter post: "Enough of this economy that exploits and divides us. It's time we put an end to Wall Street's reign of terror and begin building an economy that works for all."

The Occupy movement, likewise, showed few signs of abating elsewhere in the United States.

In cities such as St. Louis, Milwaukee and elsewhere, thousands responded to the "day of action" plea.

And as in New York, some of those ended up behind bars after refusing to heed law enforcement officers' calls to move.

The next highest arrest figure was in Los Angeles, where 25 people were arrested early Thursday and another 25 were arrested later in the day, Officer Andrew Neiman said. Bail was set at $5,000 for those detained, he added.

In Portland, police reported 48 people arrested in three separate incidents. That includes 25 taken into custody on the east end of the Steel Bridge, nine inside a Wells Fargo bank and 14 in and around a Chase Bank. In the latter incident on Thursday evening, Sgt. Pete Simpson said that police used pepper spray to get individuals to move off a street and from the path of a commuter rail line.

Another 21 were issued citations for blocking Las Vegas Boulevard in that Nevada city, Las Vegas police officer Bill Cassell told CNN, while Atlanta police arrested eight for blocking a roadway. There were also arrests in other places, including Los Angeles, Chicago and Houston.

And in Denver, District Attorney Mitchell Morrissey announced Thursday that three men now face felony charges -- including inciting a riot and assaulting a police officer -- for their alleged actions while clashing with authorities during Occupy Denver protests.

CNN's Josh Levs, Mary Snow, Brian Vitagliano, Steve Kastenbaum, Eden Pontz and Rob Frehse contributed to this report.

text: New

text: York

text: CNN

text: Thousands

text: of

text: Occupy

text: Wall

text: Street

text: demonstrators

text: deluged

text: New

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text: nation

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text: wealthiest

text: began

text: in

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text: Roundup

text: of

text: protests

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: I

text: think

text: the

text: numbers

text: have

text: increased

text: dramatically

text: today

text: said

text: New

text: York

text: protester

text: Jo

text: Robin

text: Particularly

text: after

text: the

text: raid

text: our

text: message

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text: group

text: twice

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text: where

text: they

text: 'd

text: been

text: evicted

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text: days

text: earlier

text: They

text: 'd

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text: engaged

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text: T

text: shirts

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text: an

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text: sit

text: in

text: on

text: Centre

text: Street

text: near

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text: in

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text: Manhattan

text: a

text: police

text: spokesman

text: said

text: Earlier

text: police

text: spokesmen

text: and

text: protest

text: organizers

text: had

text: said

text: incorrectly

text: that

text: people

text: were

text: arrested

text: in

text: this

text: same

text: incident

text: In

text: total

text: police

text: said

text: around

text: p.m.

text: that

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: people

text: had

text: been

text: arrested

text: around

text: the

text: city

text: During

text: a

text: late

text: afternoon

text: press

text: conference

text: Police

text: Commissioner

text: Ray

text: Kelly

text: said

text: that

text: at

text: least

text: seven

text: police

text: officers

text: were

text: hurt

text: Thursday

text: during

text: exchanges

text: with

text: protesters

text: Five

text: of

text: those

text: officers

text: were

text: injured

text: when

text: a

text: unidentified

text: liquid

text: was

text: thrown

text: on

text: their

text: faces

text: Kelly

text: said

text: adding

text: that

text: the

text: officers

text: experienced

text: a

text: burning

text: sensation

text: and

text: required

text: hospitalization

text: And

text: a

text: old

text: police

text: officer

text: was

text: injured

text: when

text: a

text: star

text: shaped

text: glass

text: object

text: was

text: thrown

text: at

text: him

text: Mayor

text: Michael

text: Bloomberg

text: told

text: reporters

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text: visit

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text: Bellevue

text: Hospital

text: Center

text: where

text: the

text: officer

text: was

text: being

text: treated

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: clear

text: how

text: many

text: demonstrators

text: have

text: been

text: injured

text: during

text: the

text: clashes

text: Overheard

text: on

text: CNN.com

text: Some

text: tire

text: of

text: Occupy

text: protesters

text: CNN

text: and

text: CNN

text: affiliate

text: New

text: York

text: One

text: broadcast

text: images

text: of

text: the

text: exchanges

text: including

text: video

text: of

text: one

text: man

text: whose

text: face

text: appeared

text: to

text: be

text: covered

text: in

text: blood

text: sitting

text: near

text: police

text: who

text: wielded

text: shields

text: and

text: batons

text: Authorities

text: constructed

text: barricades

text: at

text: Zuccotti

text: Park

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: and

text: along

text: Fifth

text: Avenue

text: in

text: an

text: apparent

text: attempt

text: to

text: keep

text: demonstrators

text: off

text: the

text: roads

text: and

text: on

text: pedestrian

text: walkways

text: Residents

text: and

text: workers

text: near

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: were

text: required

text: to

text: flash

text: identification

text: cards

text: as

text: police

text: cordoned

text: off

text: the

text: area

text: amid

text: concerns

text: that

text: demonstrators

text: would

text: try

text: to

text: disrupt

text: trading

text: Earlier

text: in

text: the

text: day

text: protesters

text: lifted

text: metal

text: barricades

text: that

text: ringed

text: Zuccotti

text: Park

text: a

text: former

text: home

text: base

text: for

text: the

text: movement

text: defying

text: authorities

text: and

text: blocking

text: traffic

text: Bloomberg

text: said

text: the

text: day

text: 's

text: protests

text: had

text: caused

text: minimal

text: disruptions

text: to

text: our

text: city

text: he

text: asserted

text: that

text: some

text: demonstrators

text: had

text: deliberately

text: pursued

text: violence

text: In

text: Lower

text: Manhattan

text: CNN

text: iReporter

text: Alvaro

text: Perez

text: shot

text: video

text: showing

text: protesters

text: being

text: pulled

text: away

text: by

text: police

text: including

text: one

text: woman

text: who

text: appeared

text: to

text: be

text: dragged

text: by

text: her

text: jacket

text: and

text: backpack

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: want

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text: speculate

text: on

text: what

text: happened

text: in

text: advance

text: of

text: that

text: police

text: spokesman

text: Paul

text: Browne

text: said

text: of

text: the

text: incident

text: He

text: said

text: the

text: big

text: picture

text: of

text: how

text: police

text: have

text: handled

text: demonstrations

text: has

text: so

text: far

text: been

text: mostly

text: positive

text: People

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: get

text: to

text: work

text: and

text: protesters

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: protest

text: Browne

text: added

text: Occupy

text: roundup

text: Movement

text: marks

text: months

text: Earlier

text: on

text: CNN

text: 's

text: American

text: Morning

text: Howard

text: Wolfson

text: a

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: deputy

text: mayor

text: vowed

text: We

text: 'll

text: make

text: sure

text: if

text: people

text: want

text: to

text: peacefully

text: protest

text: they

text: have

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: But

text: he

text: added

text: if

text: people

text: break

text: the

text: law

text: we

text: 'll

text: have

text: to

text: deal

text: with

text: that

text: If

text: they

text: attempt

text: to

text: enter

text: a

text: building

text: they

text: 're

text: not

text: allowed

text: in

text: that

text: 's

text: breaking

text: the

text: law

text: If

text: they

text: want

text: to

text: express

text: their

text: concerns

text: about

text: Wall

text: Street

text: that

text: 's

text: totally

text: fine

text: he

text: said

text: While

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: come

text: under

text: fire

text: from

text: protesters

text: and

text: other

text: critics

text: for

text: arrests

text: and

text: removing

text: protesters

text: from

text: Zuccotti

text: Park

text: Wolfson

text: insisted

text: that

text: we

text: had

text: to

text: act

text: to

text: stop

text: illegal

text: activity

text: such

text: as

text: drug

text: use

text: and

text: to

text: eliminate

text: fire

text: hazards

text: This

text: is

text: a

text: place

text: where

text: we

text: honor

text: the

text: First

text: Amendment

text: he

text: added

text: Still

text: the

text: ouster

text: from

text: Zuccotti

text: Park

text: did

text: not

text: appear

text: to

text: stifle

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: protest

text: effort

text: The

text: group

text: tried

text: to

text: sum

text: up

text: its

text: intent

text: on

text: a

text: Twitter

text: post

text: Enough

text: of

text: this

text: economy

text: that

text: exploits

text: and

text: divides

text: us

text: It

text: 's

text: time

text: we

text: put

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: Wall

text: Street

text: 's

text: reign

text: of

text: terror

text: and

text: begin

text: building

text: an

text: economy

text: that

text: works

text: for

text: all

text: The

text: Occupy

text: movement

text: likewise

text: showed

text: few

text: signs

text: of

text: abating

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: In

text: cities

text: such

text: as

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Milwaukee

text: and

text: elsewhere

text: thousands

text: responded

text: to

text: the

text: day

text: of

text: action

text: plea

text: And

text: as

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: some

text: of

text: those

text: ended

text: up

text: behind

text: bars

text: after

text: refusing

text: to

text: heed

text: law

text: enforcement

text: officers

text: calls

text: to

text: move

text: The

text: next

text: highest

text: arrest

text: figure

text: was

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: where

text: people

text: were

text: arrested

text: early

text: Thursday

text: and

text: another

text: were

text: arrested

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: day

text: Officer

text: Andrew

text: Neiman

text: said

text: Bail

text: was

text: set

text: at

text: for

text: those

text: detained

text: he

text: added

text: In

text: Portland

text: police

text: reported

text: people

text: arrested

text: in

text: three

text: separate

text: incidents

text: That

text: includes

text: taken

text: into

text: custody

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Steel

text: Bridge

text: nine

text: inside

text: a

text: Wells

text: Fargo

text: bank

text: and

text: in

text: and

text: around

text: a

text: Chase

text: Bank

text: In

text: the

text: latter

text: incident

text: on

text: Thursday

text: evening

text: Sgt

text: Pete

text: Simpson

text: said

text: that

text: police

text: used

text: pepper

text: spray

text: to

text: get

text: individuals

text: to

text: move

text: off

text: a

text: street

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: path

text: of

text: a

text: commuter

text: rail

text: line

text: Another

text: were

text: issued

text: citations

text: for

text: blocking

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: Boulevard

text: in

text: that

text: Nevada

text: city

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: police

text: officer

text: Bill

text: Cassell

text: told

text: CNN

text: while

text: Atlanta

text: police

text: arrested

text: eight

text: for

text: blocking

text: a

text: roadway

text: There

text: were

text: also

text: arrests

text: in

text: other

text: places

text: including

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Chicago

text: and

text: Houston

text: And

text: in

text: Denver

text: District

text: Attorney

text: Mitchell

text: Morrissey

text: announced

text: Thursday

text: that

text: three

text: men

text: now

text: face

text: felony

text: charges

text: including

text: inciting

text: a

text: riot

text: and

text: assaulting

text: a

text: police

text: officer

text: for

text: their

text: alleged

text: actions

text: while

text: clashing

text: with

text: authorities

text: during

text: Occupy

text: Denver

text: protests

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Josh

text: Levs

text: Mary

text: Snow

text: Brian

text: Vitagliano

text: Steve

text: Kastenbaum

text: Eden

text: Pontz

text: and

text: Rob

text: Frehse

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: what number of people where arrested in New York

answer: 245

question: what did  an officer say about the arrest

answer: "This is a place where we honor the First Amendment,"

text: "This is a place where we honor the First Amendment,"

question: Which Oregon city saw 48 arrests

answer: Portland,

text: Portland,

question: What was the number of arrests in New York

answer: 245

question: what numberof people wher  arrested in Portland

answer: 245

question: How many were arrested?

answer: Scores

text: Scores

question: How many police were hurt

answer: at least seven

text: at least seven

question: in what city did the incidents happen

answer: New York,

text: New York,


text:
(CNN) -- Early each morning, millions of farmers around the world rise to toil in their fields. By night, gangs of mobsters scheme and legions of poker players shuffle up and deal.

Sure, none of it's real. But the overwhelming popularity of so-called social gaming -- simple games that let people play with their friends on networking sites such as Facebook -- is changing the face of video games, experts say.

And as the maker of popular titles like FarmVille and Mafia Wars, San Francisco, California-based Zynga has ridden the games' skyrocketing popularity to the top of that emerging market.

For Zynga founder Mark Pincus, the formula for gaming success on Facebook, MySpace and other sites was as simple as it might seem counterintuitive: create simple games that people like but can easily set aside.

"We built the games so they could be played in a tab on your browser while you're on a conference call," said Pincus, a veteran Web entrepreneur who created Zynga in 2007.

Of course, they've been helped by the massive growth of Facebook, where the games are so popular they've spawned "fan" pages devoted to complaining about having to watch friends play them.

Facebook, with its 400 million users, is where the vast majority of people play FarmVille and Mafia Wars along with other Zynga titles like FishVille, Vampires, CafÃ© World, YoVille and Zynga Poker.

In all, more than 65 million people play Zynga games every day, according to media tracking company Developer Analytics.

Zynga's top title, FarmVille, is played by an estimated 75 million people each month --  roughly equal to the number who have played the classic arcade and desktop game Tetris during its entire existence.

The massive growth was satisfying but not altogether surprising to Pincus, whose previous startups had included Freeloader, a Web-based information-gathering service; tech-support company SupportSoft; and Tribe.net, an early social networking site from 2003.

He said that starting the game company, which he named after his late English bulldog, was an effort to fill what he considered a surprising void in most people's daily Internet use.

"I thought in 2007 that something had gone oddly wrong with the whole Internet experience," Pincus said. "I would have thought games would have been one of the top two or three experiences people had on the Internet."

What Pincus got right, according to gaming expert Scott Steinberg, was a sort of return to the "golden era" of games like Pac-man and Super Mario Bros.

"Video games actually appealed to a huge cross-section. They appealed to everybody," said Steinberg, publisher of DigitalTrends.com. "What happened is, as we went through the mid-'80s to the mid-2000s, you started to see gaming become more incestuous in terms of 18- to 34-year-old males making games for people just like them."

By contrast, three of Zynga's top five games -- FarmVille, CafÃ© World and FishVille -- have mostly female players, with many players outside the traditional 18- to 34-year-old range.

Those games all operate on the same basic premise. Starting with a simple farm, fish tank or restaurant, the player works to make it bigger and fancier, sharing items with friends and helping each other along the way.

Some of Zynga's early titles simply mirrored existing board and card games. It was Mafia Wars -- in which players team up to whack other gangs -- that first exhibited what would become the hallmarks of social gaming: simple, single-player action that's enhanced by teamwork.

With FarmVille, that formula would become complete.

Players plant virtual crops that can be harvested hours, or days, later. Along the way, they invite online friends to become their neighbors and help each other by sending gifts or helping with the farming. There's no way to "win," but players take satisfaction in building big, fancy farms that they can showcase to their friends.

"A farm is something that is internationally understood and known. It's cross-cultural, cross-gender, cross-age," Pincus said. "A great social game should be like a great cocktail party. If you want it to appeal to absolutely everyone you invite, it has to be broad in its content so that everyone gets it."

Not that Zynga's success has come without criticism.

With hundreds of smaller companies vying for a piece of the social gaming market, some rivals have accused Zynga of using its hefty venture capital to crowd out less-financed competitors.

Many of its most popular games, including FarmVille, are similar to pre-existing games from smaller companies, a fact Pincus dismisses by noting that video games have always fallen into genres with similar titles from competing companies.

Psycho Monkey LLC, the makers of Mob Wars, filed a lawsuit claiming that Mafia Wars ripped them off. Zynga settled that case in August, said a spokeswoman for the company.

Zynga also was hit with complaints and lawsuits over its original business model, which let players earn in-game rewards for things like signing up for a credit card or video-rental membership.

Critics said some of the offers amounted to scams, leading players to download unwanted software or unwittingly sign up for memberships that appeared stealthily on their phone bills.

Pincus has acknowledged not being vigilant enough with the automated ads that appeared on Zynga games during the company's early days.

"We were playing whack-a-mole," Pincus said. "Every time we found one of these or got a complaint, we would take them down. Eventually ... we realized we had to take a much more aggressive stance than a normal Web site."

In November, Zynga removed all "lead-generating" ads, relying for revenue instead on the roughly 1 to 3 percent of the player base that pays for in-game items, such as a barn in FarmVille. It has since been putting the advertisements back in, with a new system that lets it more closely monitor what kind of ads show up, Pincus said.

"We'll see where this goes for the entire industry," Pincus said. "It was really important to us to maintain a trusted position with our users. We wanted to do the right thing, and I think we did."

Pincus offers a ray of hope for another vocal group of critics: the social-media users who say they're tired of seeing all of their friends' updates about Zynga and other social games.

On Facebook, a group called "I dont care about your farm, or your fish, or your park, or your mafia!!!" had more than 5.2 million members recently.

"Please. No more of this stuff," wrote one member. "I've had all I can take. About to hang up FACEBOOK. Just want a nice cozy place to talk with my friends!"

Pincus said he hopes that messages from games can eventually be targeted to a more select audience.

"We have to evolve," Pincus said "I think it's heading to a place that's more narrow-casting. I think you'll get to a place where Facebook will be better about showing feeds to people who have a registered interest in them."

For example, he said, there might eventually be a way to send game notifications only to people who play social games themselves.

"It's not just games. It's going to be true for music, for pictures, for status updates," Pincus said. "I think, over time, these networks are going to start to shape more to ... your [registered interests]."

Meanwhile, Zynga will be among the developers continuing to change how people look at video gaming. It's a change that Steinberg, the gaming guru, says will be for the better.

While heavyweights like Electronic Arts and the popular Civilization series are making inroads into social gaming, Steinberg said, the genre is also opening up opportunities for smaller developers.

"We're seeing, in many ways, a second renaissance for games," Steinberg said.

"There's been an epiphany among the developer community saying, 'Look at these millions of users that we've forgotten to speak to for years.' This can only be a good thing for the gaming industry in the end."

text: CNN

text: Early

text: each

text: morning

text: millions

text: of

text: farmers

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: rise

text: to

text: toil

text: in

text: their

text: fields

text: By

text: night

text: gangs

text: of

text: mobsters

text: scheme

text: and

text: legions

text: of

text: poker

text: players

text: shuffle

text: up

text: and

text: deal

text: Sure

text: of

text: it

text: 's

text: real

text: But

text: the

text: overwhelming

text: popularity

text: of

text: so

text: called

text: social

text: gaming

text: simple

text: games

text: that

text: let

text: people

text: play

text: with

text: their

text: friends

text: on

text: networking

text: sites

text: such

text: as

text: Facebook

text: is

text: changing

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: video

text: games

text: experts

text: say

text: And

text: as

text: the

text: maker

text: of

text: popular

text: titles

text: like

text: FarmVille

text: and

text: Mafia

text: Wars

text: San

text: Francisco

text: California

text: based

text: Zynga

text: has

text: ridden

text: the

text: games

text: skyrocketing

text: popularity

text: to

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: that

text: emerging

text: market

text: For

text: Zynga

text: founder

text: Mark

text: Pincus

text: the

text: formula

text: for

text: gaming

text: success

text: on

text: Facebook

text: MySpace

text: and

text: other

text: sites

text: was

text: as

text: simple

text: as

text: it

text: might

text: seem

text: counterintuitive

text: create

text: simple

text: games

text: that

text: people

text: like

text: but

text: can

text: easily

text: set

text: aside

text: We

text: built

text: the

text: games

text: so

text: they

text: could

text: be

text: played

text: in

text: a

text: tab

text: on

text: your

text: browser

text: while

text: you

text: 're

text: on

text: a

text: conference

text: call

text: said

text: Pincus

text: a

text: veteran

text: Web

text: entrepreneur

text: who

text: created

text: Zynga

text: in

text: Of

text: course

text: they

text: 've

text: been

text: helped

text: by

text: the

text: massive

text: growth

text: of

text: Facebook

text: where

text: the

text: games

text: are

text: so

text: popular

text: they

text: 've

text: spawned

text: fan

text: pages

text: devoted

text: to

text: complaining

text: about

text: having

text: to

text: watch

text: friends

text: play

text: them

text: Facebook

text: with

text: its

text: million

text: users

text: is

text: where

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: people

text: play

text: FarmVille

text: and

text: Mafia

text: Wars

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: Zynga

text: titles

text: like

text: FishVille

text: Vampires

text: CafÃ

text: World

text: YoVille

text: and

text: Zynga

text: Poker

text: In

text: all

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: people

text: play

text: Zynga

text: games

text: every

text: day

text: according

text: to

text: media

text: tracking

text: company

text: Developer

text: Analytics

text: Zynga

text: 's

text: top

text: title

text: FarmVille

text: is

text: played

text: by

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: people

text: each

text: month

text: roughly

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: number

text: who

text: have

text: played

text: the

text: classic

text: arcade

text: and

text: desktop

text: game

text: Tetris

text: during

text: its

text: entire

text: existence

text: The

text: massive

text: growth

text: was

text: satisfying

text: but

text: not

text: altogether

text: surprising

text: to

text: Pincus

text: whose

text: previous

text: startups

text: had

text: included

text: Freeloader

text: a

text: Web

text: based

text: information

text: gathering

text: service

text: tech

text: support

text: company

text: SupportSoft

text: and

text: Tribe.net

text: an

text: early

text: social

text: networking

text: site

text: from

text: He

text: said

text: that

text: starting

text: the

text: game

text: company

text: which

text: he

text: named

text: after

text: his

text: late

text: English

text: bulldog

text: was

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: fill

text: what

text: he

text: considered

text: a

text: surprising

text: void

text: in

text: most

text: people

text: 's

text: daily

text: Internet

text: use

text: I

text: thought

text: in

text: that

text: something

text: had

text: gone

text: oddly

text: wrong

text: with

text: the

text: whole

text: Internet

text: experience

text: Pincus

text: said

text: I

text: would

text: have

text: thought

text: games

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: two

text: or

text: three

text: experiences

text: people

text: had

text: on

text: the

text: Internet

text: What

text: Pincus

text: got

text: right

text: according

text: to

text: gaming

text: expert

text: Scott

text: Steinberg

text: was

text: a

text: sort

text: of

text: return

text: to

text: the

text: golden

text: era

text: of

text: games

text: like

text: Pac

text: man

text: and

text: Super

text: Mario

text: Bros.

text: Video

text: games

text: actually

text: appealed

text: to

text: a

text: huge

text: cross

text: section

text: They

text: appealed

text: to

text: everybody

text: said

text: Steinberg

text: publisher

text: of

text: DigitalTrends.com

text: What

text: happened

text: is

text: as

text: we

text: went

text: through

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: you

text: started

text: to

text: see

text: gaming

text: become

text: more

text: incestuous

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: to

text: old

text: males

text: making

text: games

text: for

text: people

text: just

text: like

text: them

text: By

text: contrast

text: three

text: of

text: Zynga

text: 's

text: top

text: five

text: games

text: FarmVille

text: CafÃ

text: World

text: and

text: FishVille

text: have

text: mostly

text: female

text: players

text: with

text: many

text: players

text: outside

text: the

text: traditional

text: to

text: old

text: range

text: Those

text: games

text: all

text: operate

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: basic

text: premise

text: Starting

text: with

text: a

text: simple

text: farm

text: fish

text: tank

text: or

text: restaurant

text: the

text: player

text: works

text: to

text: make

text: it

text: bigger

text: and

text: fancier

text: sharing

text: items

text: with

text: friends

text: and

text: helping

text: each

text: other

text: along

text: the

text: way

text: Some

text: of

text: Zynga

text: 's

text: early

text: titles

text: simply

text: mirrored

text: existing

text: board

text: and

text: card

text: games

text: It

text: was

text: Mafia

text: Wars

text: in

text: which

text: players

text: team

text: up

text: to

text: whack

text: other

text: gangs

text: that

text: first

text: exhibited

text: what

text: would

text: become

text: the

text: hallmarks

text: of

text: social

text: gaming

text: simple

text: single

text: player

text: action

text: that

text: 's

text: enhanced

text: by

text: teamwork

text: With

text: FarmVille

text: that

text: formula

text: would

text: become

text: complete

text: Players

text: plant

text: virtual

text: crops

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: harvested

text: hours

text: or

text: days

text: later

text: Along

text: the

text: way

text: they

text: invite

text: online

text: friends

text: to

text: become

text: their

text: neighbors

text: and

text: help

text: each

text: other

text: by

text: sending

text: gifts

text: or

text: helping

text: with

text: the

text: farming

text: There

text: 's

text: no

text: way

text: to

text: win

text: but

text: players

text: take

text: satisfaction

text: in

text: building

text: big

text: fancy

text: farms

text: that

text: they

text: can

text: showcase

text: to

text: their

text: friends

text: A

text: farm

text: is

text: something

text: that

text: is

text: internationally

text: understood

text: and

text: known

text: It

text: 's

text: cross

text: cultural

text: cross

text: gender

text: cross

text: age

text: Pincus

text: said

text: A

text: great

text: social

text: game

text: should

text: be

text: like

text: a

text: great

text: cocktail

text: party

text: If

text: you

text: want

text: it

text: to

text: appeal

text: to

text: absolutely

text: everyone

text: you

text: invite

text: it

text: has

text: to

text: be

text: broad

text: in

text: its

text: content

text: so

text: that

text: everyone

text: gets

text: it

text: Not

text: that

text: Zynga

text: 's

text: success

text: has

text: come

text: without

text: criticism

text: With

text: hundreds

text: of

text: smaller

text: companies

text: vying

text: for

text: a

text: piece

text: of

text: the

text: social

text: gaming

text: market

text: some

text: rivals

text: have

text: accused

text: Zynga

text: of

text: using

text: its

text: hefty

text: venture

text: capital

text: to

text: crowd

text: out

text: less

text: financed

text: competitors

text: Many

text: of

text: its

text: most

text: popular

text: games

text: including

text: FarmVille

text: are

text: similar

text: to

text: pre

text: existing

text: games

text: from

text: smaller

text: companies

text: a

text: fact

text: Pincus

text: dismisses

text: by

text: noting

text: that

text: video

text: games

text: have

text: always

text: fallen

text: into

text: genres

text: with

text: similar

text: titles

text: from

text: competing

text: companies

text: Psycho

text: Monkey

text: LLC

text: the

text: makers

text: of

text: Mob

text: Wars

text: filed

text: a

text: lawsuit

text: claiming

text: that

text: Mafia

text: Wars

text: ripped

text: them

text: off

text: Zynga

text: settled

text: that

text: case

text: in

text: August

text: said

text: a

text: spokeswoman

text: for

text: the

text: company

text: Zynga

text: also

text: was

text: hit

text: with

text: complaints

text: and

text: lawsuits

text: over

text: its

text: original

text: business

text: model

text: which

text: let

text: players

text: earn

text: in

text: game

text: rewards

text: for

text: things

text: like

text: signing

text: up

text: for

text: a

text: credit

text: card

text: or

text: video

text: rental

text: membership

text: Critics

text: said

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: offers

text: amounted

text: to

text: scams

text: leading

text: players

text: to

text: download

text: unwanted

text: software

text: or

text: unwittingly

text: sign

text: up

text: for

text: memberships

text: that

text: appeared

text: stealthily

text: on

text: their

text: phone

text: bills

text: Pincus

text: has

text: acknowledged

text: not

text: being

text: vigilant

text: enough

text: with

text: the

text: automated

text: ads

text: that

text: appeared

text: on

text: Zynga

text: games

text: during

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: early

text: days

text: We

text: were

text: playing

text: whack

text: a

text: mole

text: Pincus

text: said

text: Every

text: time

text: we

text: found

text: one

text: of

text: these

text: or

text: got

text: a

text: complaint

text: we

text: would

text: take

text: them

text: down

text: Eventually

text: we

text: realized

text: we

text: had

text: to

text: take

text: a

text: much

text: more

text: aggressive

text: stance

text: than

text: a

text: normal

text: Web

text: site

text: In

text: November

text: Zynga

text: removed

text: all

text: lead

text: generating

text: ads

text: relying

text: for

text: revenue

text: instead

text: on

text: the

text: roughly

text: to

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: player

text: base

text: that

text: pays

text: for

text: in

text: game

text: items

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: barn

text: in

text: FarmVille

text: It

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: putting

text: the

text: advertisements

text: back

text: in

text: with

text: a

text: new

text: system

text: that

text: lets

text: it

text: more

text: closely

text: monitor

text: what

text: kind

text: of

text: ads

text: show

text: up

text: Pincus

text: said

text: We

text: 'll

text: see

text: where

text: this

text: goes

text: for

text: the

text: entire

text: industry

text: Pincus

text: said

text: It

text: was

text: really

text: important

text: to

text: us

text: to

text: maintain

text: a

text: trusted

text: position

text: with

text: our

text: users

text: We

text: wanted

text: to

text: do

text: the

text: right

text: thing

text: and

text: I

text: think

text: we

text: did

text: Pincus

text: offers

text: a

text: ray

text: of

text: hope

text: for

text: another

text: vocal

text: group

text: of

text: critics

text: the

text: social

text: media

text: users

text: who

text: say

text: they

text: 're

text: tired

text: of

text: seeing

text: all

text: of

text: their

text: friends

text: updates

text: about

text: Zynga

text: and

text: other

text: social

text: games

text: On

text: Facebook

text: a

text: group

text: called

text: I

text: do

text: nt

text: care

text: about

text: your

text: farm

text: or

text: your

text: fish

text: or

text: your

text: park

text: or

text: your

text: mafia

text: had

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: members

text: recently

text: Please

text: No

text: more

text: of

text: this

text: stuff

text: wrote

text: one

text: member

text: I

text: 've

text: had

text: all

text: I

text: can

text: take

text: About

text: to

text: hang

text: up

text: FACEBOOK

text: Just

text: want

text: a

text: nice

text: cozy

text: place

text: to

text: talk

text: with

text: my

text: friends

text: Pincus

text: said

text: he

text: hopes

text: that

text: messages

text: from

text: games

text: can

text: eventually

text: be

text: targeted

text: to

text: a

text: more

text: select

text: audience

text: We

text: have

text: to

text: evolve

text: Pincus

text: said

text: I

text: think

text: it

text: 's

text: heading

text: to

text: a

text: place

text: that

text: 's

text: more

text: narrow

text: casting

text: I

text: think

text: you

text: 'll

text: get

text: to

text: a

text: place

text: where

text: Facebook

text: will

text: be

text: better

text: about

text: showing

text: feeds

text: to

text: people

text: who

text: have

text: a

text: registered

text: interest

text: in

text: them

text: For

text: example

text: he

text: said

text: there

text: might

text: eventually

text: be

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: send

text: game

text: notifications

text: only

text: to

text: people

text: who

text: play

text: social

text: games

text: themselves

text: It

text: 's

text: not

text: just

text: games

text: It

text: 's

text: going

text: to

text: be

text: true

text: for

text: music

text: for

text: pictures

text: for

text: status

text: updates

text: Pincus

text: said

text: I

text: think

text: over

text: time

text: these

text: networks

text: are

text: going

text: to

text: start

text: to

text: shape

text: more

text: to

text: your

text: registered

text: interests

text: Meanwhile

text: Zynga

text: will

text: be

text: among

text: the

text: developers

text: continuing

text: to

text: change

text: how

text: people

text: look

text: at

text: video

text: gaming

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: change

text: that

text: Steinberg

text: the

text: gaming

text: guru

text: says

text: will

text: be

text: for

text: the

text: better

text: While

text: heavyweights

text: like

text: Electronic

text: Arts

text: and

text: the

text: popular

text: Civilization

text: series

text: are

text: making

text: inroads

text: into

text: social

text: gaming

text: Steinberg

text: said

text: the

text: genre

text: is

text: also

text: opening

text: up

text: opportunities

text: for

text: smaller

text: developers

text: We

text: 're

text: seeing

text: in

text: many

text: ways

text: a

text: second

text: renaissance

text: for

text: games

text: Steinberg

text: said

text: There

text: 's

text: been

text: an

text: epiphany

text: among

text: the

text: developer

text: community

text: saying

text: Look

text: at

text: these

text: millions

text: of

text: users

text: that

text: we

text: 've

text: forgotten

text: to

text: speak

text: to

text: for

text: years

text: This

text: can

text: only

text: be

text: a

text: good

text: thing

text: for

text: the

text: gaming

text: industry

text: in

text: the

text: end

question: What did the founder say the key to success was?

answer: create simple games that people like but can easily set aside.

text: create simple games that people like but can easily set aside.

question: What games are played by millions?

answer: social gaming

text: social gaming

question: Who does social media gaming appeal to?

answer: huge cross-section.

text: huge cross-section.

question: When can you play Zynga games?

answer: every day,

text: every day,


text:
New York (CNN) -- Kim Jong Il was the enigmatic leader of the most enigmatic country on earth.

Much about Kim's life was, and is, shrouded in mystery. Even the year of his birth -- 1942 -- has been contested by knowledgeable sources in South Korea and Russia, who claim Kim was born a few years earlier but that his official birth date was pushed back to make him exactly 30 years younger than his father, North Korea's founding leader, Kim Il Sung.

North Koreans claim Kim Jong Il was born on Mount Paektu, along the North Korean border with China, at a "secret base camp" where his father was leading a guerrilla war against Korea's Japanese overlords. Almost everyone else believes Kim was born in Russia, at a Soviet military camp near Khabarovsk where his father had gone into retreat with other Korean and Chinese communist guerillas. But the myth of Kim's guerilla-base birth became full-blown propaganda when he was anointed heir apparent in the early 1980s.

After seeing instability and communist backsliding in Russia and China following the deaths of Stalin and Mao respectively, Kim Il Sung chose his son as successor to ensure continuity for North Korea's political system. In some ways, the elder Kim was all too successful.

Kim Jong Il led North Korea not to reform and opening, like his Chinese contemporaries, but through economic catastrophe, famine and repeated nuclear confrontations with the United States. Through all of this, the rule of the Korean Workers' Party, the Korean People's Army and the Kim family has been absolute and ubiquitous.

When Kim Jong Il took over the reigns of power following his father's death in 1994, he had been preparing for succession for more than two decades. After graduating from Kim Il Sung University in 1964, Kim rose through the ranks of the Korean Workers' Party, focusing on culture and propaganda.

As he candidly admitted to a conference of party workers in 1996, economics was never his strong suit. He enjoyed film and the arts, fine food and drink, and kept late hours, but he was not the unstable and intellectually vacuous playboy of South Korean propaganda. He certainly lacked the charisma and outgoing personality of his father, but foreign officials who met him -- including South Korean President Kim Dae-jung, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi and U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright -- described him as intelligent, well-informed, even charming.

On the other hand, his country's reputation for unpredictability and provocation was often well-deserved, as North Korea went through a series of confrontations with the United States and the international community over nuclear development, and the economic situation lurched from crisis to crisis. North Korea held two nuclear tests, in 2006 and 2009, in defiance of international condemnation and U.N. sanctions.

A year ago North Korean artillery shelled a South Korean island in a confrontation over South Korean military exercises, bringing the two sides to the brink of open warfare. At the same time, the economic situation -- though much improved since the famine years of the late 1990s -- remains highly precarious.

If the outside world saw Kim as an enigma and a rogue, his reputation within North Korea is more difficult to assess.

Of course, internal North Korean propaganda built up Kim as a hero of near-superhuman abilities, venerated by all his countrymen. But defectors' reports suggest the view of Kim within his own country is more mixed, and while his father is still widely revered, Kim Jong Il is associated with the trauma of famine and crisis in the late 1990s. Kim oversaw limited steps toward economic reform in the early 2000s, but these have since been scaled back.

The composition and direction of the post-Kim Jong Il leadership is murky. Kim Jong Il's son and heir apparent, Kim Jong Un, is even more a mystery than his father was when he came to power. It seems likely that in the immediate aftermath of Kim's death, North Korea will be run by a collective leadership, perhaps headed by Kim's brother-in-law Jang Song-taek, as Kim Jong Un is prepared to assume official power.

No one outside Pyongyang's inner circle knows what kind of leader Kim Jong Un will be and where he will take the country.

If North Korea survives the post-Kim Jong Il transition and its circumstances improve, Kim Jong Il may be remembered as a leader who guided North Korea through a disastrous period and prepared the way for reform. If things go badly, Kim will be seen as the man who oversaw the unraveling of the system his father built and as the face of a failed dynastic communism.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Charles Armstrong.

text: New

text: York

text: CNN

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: was

text: the

text: enigmatic

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: enigmatic

text: country

text: on

text: earth

text: Much

text: about

text: Kim

text: 's

text: life

text: was

text: and

text: is

text: shrouded

text: in

text: mystery

text: Even

text: the

text: year

text: of

text: his

text: birth

text: has

text: been

text: contested

text: by

text: knowledgeable

text: sources

text: in

text: South

text: Korea

text: and

text: Russia

text: who

text: claim

text: Kim

text: was

text: born

text: a

text: few

text: years

text: earlier

text: but

text: that

text: his

text: official

text: birth

text: date

text: was

text: pushed

text: back

text: to

text: make

text: him

text: exactly

text: years

text: younger

text: than

text: his

text: father

text: North

text: Korea

text: 's

text: founding

text: leader

text: Kim

text: Il

text: Sung

text: North

text: Koreans

text: claim

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: was

text: born

text: on

text: Mount

text: Paektu

text: along

text: the

text: North

text: Korean

text: border

text: with

text: China

text: at

text: a

text: secret

text: base

text: camp

text: where

text: his

text: father

text: was

text: leading

text: a

text: guerrilla

text: war

text: against

text: Korea

text: 's

text: Japanese

text: overlords

text: Almost

text: everyone

text: else

text: believes

text: Kim

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Russia

text: at

text: a

text: Soviet

text: military

text: camp

text: near

text: Khabarovsk

text: where

text: his

text: father

text: had

text: gone

text: into

text: retreat

text: with

text: other

text: Korean

text: and

text: Chinese

text: communist

text: guerillas

text: But

text: the

text: myth

text: of

text: Kim

text: 's

text: guerilla

text: base

text: birth

text: became

text: full

text: blown

text: propaganda

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: anointed

text: heir

text: apparent

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: After

text: seeing

text: instability

text: and

text: communist

text: backsliding

text: in

text: Russia

text: and

text: China

text: following

text: the

text: deaths

text: of

text: Stalin

text: and

text: Mao

text: respectively

text: Kim

text: Il

text: Sung

text: chose

text: his

text: son

text: as

text: successor

text: to

text: ensure

text: continuity

text: for

text: North

text: Korea

text: 's

text: political

text: system

text: In

text: some

text: ways

text: the

text: elder

text: Kim

text: was

text: all

text: too

text: successful

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: led

text: North

text: Korea

text: not

text: to

text: reform

text: and

text: opening

text: like

text: his

text: Chinese

text: contemporaries

text: but

text: through

text: economic

text: catastrophe

text: famine

text: and

text: repeated

text: nuclear

text: confrontations

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Through

text: all

text: of

text: this

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: Korean

text: Workers

text: Party

text: the

text: Korean

text: People

text: 's

text: Army

text: and

text: the

text: Kim

text: family

text: has

text: been

text: absolute

text: and

text: ubiquitous

text: When

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: took

text: over

text: the

text: reigns

text: of

text: power

text: following

text: his

text: father

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: preparing

text: for

text: succession

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: two

text: decades

text: After

text: graduating

text: from

text: Kim

text: Il

text: Sung

text: University

text: in

text: Kim

text: rose

text: through

text: the

text: ranks

text: of

text: the

text: Korean

text: Workers

text: Party

text: focusing

text: on

text: culture

text: and

text: propaganda

text: As

text: he

text: candidly

text: admitted

text: to

text: a

text: conference

text: of

text: party

text: workers

text: in

text: economics

text: was

text: never

text: his

text: strong

text: suit

text: He

text: enjoyed

text: film

text: and

text: the

text: arts

text: fine

text: food

text: and

text: drink

text: and

text: kept

text: late

text: hours

text: but

text: he

text: was

text: not

text: the

text: unstable

text: and

text: intellectually

text: vacuous

text: playboy

text: of

text: South

text: Korean

text: propaganda

text: He

text: certainly

text: lacked

text: the

text: charisma

text: and

text: outgoing

text: personality

text: of

text: his

text: father

text: but

text: foreign

text: officials

text: who

text: met

text: him

text: including

text: South

text: Korean

text: President

text: Kim

text: Dae

text: jung

text: Japanese

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Junichiro

text: Koizumi

text: and

text: U.S.

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: Madeleine

text: Albright

text: described

text: him

text: as

text: intelligent

text: well

text: informed

text: even

text: charming

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: his

text: country

text: 's

text: reputation

text: for

text: unpredictability

text: and

text: provocation

text: was

text: often

text: well

text: deserved

text: as

text: North

text: Korea

text: went

text: through

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: confrontations

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: over

text: nuclear

text: development

text: and

text: the

text: economic

text: situation

text: lurched

text: from

text: crisis

text: to

text: crisis

text: North

text: Korea

text: held

text: two

text: nuclear

text: tests

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: defiance

text: of

text: international

text: condemnation

text: and

text: U.N.

text: sanctions

text: A

text: year

text: ago

text: North

text: Korean

text: artillery

text: shelled

text: a

text: South

text: Korean

text: island

text: in

text: a

text: confrontation

text: over

text: South

text: Korean

text: military

text: exercises

text: bringing

text: the

text: two

text: sides

text: to

text: the

text: brink

text: of

text: open

text: warfare

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: economic

text: situation

text: though

text: much

text: improved

text: since

text: the

text: famine

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: remains

text: highly

text: precarious

text: If

text: the

text: outside

text: world

text: saw

text: Kim

text: as

text: an

text: enigma

text: and

text: a

text: rogue

text: his

text: reputation

text: within

text: North

text: Korea

text: is

text: more

text: difficult

text: to

text: assess

text: Of

text: course

text: internal

text: North

text: Korean

text: propaganda

text: built

text: up

text: Kim

text: as

text: a

text: hero

text: of

text: near

text: superhuman

text: abilities

text: venerated

text: by

text: all

text: his

text: countrymen

text: But

text: defectors

text: reports

text: suggest

text: the

text: view

text: of

text: Kim

text: within

text: his

text: own

text: country

text: is

text: more

text: mixed

text: and

text: while

text: his

text: father

text: is

text: still

text: widely

text: revered

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: is

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: trauma

text: of

text: famine

text: and

text: crisis

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: Kim

text: oversaw

text: limited

text: steps

text: toward

text: economic

text: reform

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: but

text: these

text: have

text: since

text: been

text: scaled

text: back

text: The

text: composition

text: and

text: direction

text: of

text: the

text: post

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: leadership

text: is

text: murky

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: 's

text: son

text: and

text: heir

text: apparent

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Un

text: is

text: even

text: more

text: a

text: mystery

text: than

text: his

text: father

text: was

text: when

text: he

text: came

text: to

text: power

text: It

text: seems

text: likely

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: immediate

text: aftermath

text: of

text: Kim

text: 's

text: death

text: North

text: Korea

text: will

text: be

text: run

text: by

text: a

text: collective

text: leadership

text: perhaps

text: headed

text: by

text: Kim

text: 's

text: brother

text: in

text: law

text: Jang

text: Song

text: taek

text: as

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Un

text: is

text: prepared

text: to

text: assume

text: official

text: power

text: No

text: one

text: outside

text: Pyongyang

text: 's

text: inner

text: circle

text: knows

text: what

text: kind

text: of

text: leader

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Un

text: will

text: be

text: and

text: where

text: he

text: will

text: take

text: the

text: country

text: If

text: North

text: Korea

text: survives

text: the

text: post

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: transition

text: and

text: its

text: circumstances

text: improve

text: Kim

text: Jong

text: Il

text: may

text: be

text: remembered

text: as

text: a

text: leader

text: who

text: guided

text: North

text: Korea

text: through

text: a

text: disastrous

text: period

text: and

text: prepared

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: reform

text: If

text: things

text: go

text: badly

text: Kim

text: will

text: be

text: seen

text: as

text: the

text: man

text: who

text: oversaw

text: the

text: unraveling

text: of

text: the

text: system

text: his

text: father

text: built

text: and

text: as

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: a

text: failed

text: dynastic

text: communism

text: The

text: opinions

text: expressed

text: in

text: this

text: commentary

text: are

text: solely

text: those

text: of

text: Charles

text: Armstrong

question: Who made kim successor?

answer: Jong Il took over the reigns of power following his father's death in 1994,

text: Jong Il took over the reigns of power following his father's death in 1994,

question: who was the successor

answer: Kim Jong Un,

text: Kim Jong Un,

question: Who said economics was one of Kim's weaknesses?

answer: Charles Armstrong.

text: Charles Armstrong.

question: What could decide the fate of north koreas dynasty?

answer: Kim Jong Il

text: Kim Jong Il

question: Who said Il's life was so mysterious?

answer: Charles Armstrong.

text: Charles Armstrong.

question: Who had a mysterious life?

answer: Kim Jong Il

text: Kim Jong Il


text:
(CNN) -- FA Cup finalists Portsmouth will not be allowed to play in next season's Europa League, the English Football Association (FA) have confirmed.

The financially-stricken side, who became the first-ever Premier League club to enter administration earlier this year, would have been gauranteed a place in Europe next season because their final opponents, Chelsea, have secured a Champions League place.

However, Portsmouth's administrators -- who revealed on Wednesday that the club is in debt to the tune of $170m -- have been told that any late application for a UEFA club licence will not be considered due to the club's on-going financial problems.

A joint statement from the FA and English Premier League said: "The FA and Premier League have confirmed to the administrators of Portsmouth that they shall not consider any late application for granting of a UEFA Club Licence for the 2010-11 season."

The decision means the team who finish seventh in the Premier League, with Liverpool currently in that position, will take Portsmouth's place.

European football's governing body UEFA had earlier revealed that the club could submit a late application before May 31 -- but the Premier League and FA have subsequently decreed that the Portsmouth's financial situation is so bad that they would not meet any of UEFA's criteria to enter.

Portsmouth's administrator Andrew Andronikou told Press Association Sport: "We have spent a long time going through all the necessary steps and we had hoped to make a European application next week.

"We felt that we would do our bit and that it would be up to the FA and the Premier League to do theirs. It's wrong for the fans that they should not be allowed to support their club in Europe next season."

text: CNN

text: FA

text: Cup

text: finalists

text: Portsmouth

text: will

text: not

text: be

text: allowed

text: to

text: play

text: in

text: next

text: season

text: 's

text: Europa

text: League

text: the

text: English

text: Football

text: Association

text: FA

text: have

text: confirmed

text: The

text: financially

text: stricken

text: side

text: who

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: ever

text: Premier

text: League

text: club

text: to

text: enter

text: administration

text: earlier

text: this

text: year

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: gauranteed

text: a

text: place

text: in

text: Europe

text: next

text: season

text: because

text: their

text: final

text: opponents

text: Chelsea

text: have

text: secured

text: a

text: Champions

text: League

text: place

text: However

text: Portsmouth

text: 's

text: administrators

text: who

text: revealed

text: on

text: Wednesday

text: that

text: the

text: club

text: is

text: in

text: debt

text: to

text: the

text: tune

text: of

text: m

text: have

text: been

text: told

text: that

text: any

text: late

text: application

text: for

text: a

text: UEFA

text: club

text: licence

text: will

text: not

text: be

text: considered

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: club

text: 's

text: on

text: going

text: financial

text: problems

text: A

text: joint

text: statement

text: from

text: the

text: FA

text: and

text: English

text: Premier

text: League

text: said

text: The

text: FA

text: and

text: Premier

text: League

text: have

text: confirmed

text: to

text: the

text: administrators

text: of

text: Portsmouth

text: that

text: they

text: shall

text: not

text: consider

text: any

text: late

text: application

text: for

text: granting

text: of

text: a

text: UEFA

text: Club

text: Licence

text: for

text: the

text: season

text: The

text: decision

text: means

text: the

text: team

text: who

text: finish

text: seventh

text: in

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: with

text: Liverpool

text: currently

text: in

text: that

text: position

text: will

text: take

text: Portsmouth

text: 's

text: place

text: European

text: football

text: 's

text: governing

text: body

text: UEFA

text: had

text: earlier

text: revealed

text: that

text: the

text: club

text: could

text: submit

text: a

text: late

text: application

text: before

text: May

text: but

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: and

text: FA

text: have

text: subsequently

text: decreed

text: that

text: the

text: Portsmouth

text: 's

text: financial

text: situation

text: is

text: so

text: bad

text: that

text: they

text: would

text: not

text: meet

text: any

text: of

text: UEFA

text: 's

text: criteria

text: to

text: enter

text: Portsmouth

text: 's

text: administrator

text: Andrew

text: Andronikou

text: told

text: Press

text: Association

text: Sport

text: We

text: have

text: spent

text: a

text: long

text: time

text: going

text: through

text: all

text: the

text: necessary

text: steps

text: and

text: we

text: had

text: hoped

text: to

text: make

text: a

text: European

text: application

text: next

text: week

text: We

text: felt

text: that

text: we

text: would

text: do

text: our

text: bit

text: and

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: be

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: FA

text: and

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: to

text: do

text: theirs

text: It

text: 's

text: wrong

text: for

text: the

text: fans

text: that

text: they

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: allowed

text: to

text: support

text: their

text: club

text: in

text: Europe

text: next

text: season

question: What will FA Cup finalists Portsmouth not be allowed to play in?

answer: next season's Europa League,

text: next season's Europa League,

question: Who will not be allowed to play in next season's Europa League?

answer: Portsmouth

text: Portsmouth

question: What team was guaranteed a place in Europe?

answer: Chelsea,

text: Chelsea,


text:
(CNN)  -- Soccer fans should not "dwell" on the hand ball committed by French player Thierry Henry, former teammate Zinedine Zidane said in his defense Saturday.

French forward Henry admitted to using his hand illegally to set up the goal that gave his team a 2-1 aggregate victory Wednesday against Ireland. France's victory pushed Ireland out of a spot at the 2010 World Cup.

"What I just want to say is that Thierry Henry is not a cheater, even if it is a big foul and he committed it, let's not dwell on it," former teammate and captain for the French team, Zidane said to CNN affiliate BFMTV. "I don't think he should take more blame. It's a fact of the game that's certainly difficult to accept for the Irish but something that happens very often on the football field. I just want to say that's a lot for Henry to take."

And Zidane knows what it's like to be in the spotlight -- for the good and bad.

Zidane won every major honor in the game, including the 1998 World Cup. But during the last game of his 18-year professional career, he head-butted Italy's Marco Materazzi during the 2006 World Cup final game. France lost that match.

France won Wednesday's match that has some Ireland fans feeling cheated.

Video replays from the game shows Henry used his hand to stop the ball going out of play in extra time before he passed to William Gallas, who then scored the goal that secured France's place in the World Cup.

The Football Association of Ireland (FAI) requested a replay of Wednesday's controversial game, but the governing body of world football, FIFA, declined Friday.

The Irish association also called on the French Football Federation to replay the game.

"We regret that despite our best efforts for a replay, which would have restored the integrity of the game in front of a world-wide audience, our calls appear to have fallen on deaf ears at the French Football Federation," FAI chief John Delaney said in a statement. "Without doubt, the credibility of fair-play has been damaged by this incident in front of a world-wide audience."

In its bid for a do-over, the FAI pointed to precedent set in 2005 when a World Cup qualifier between Uzbekistan and Bahrain was replayed after the referee was found to have committed a technical error.

But a FIFA spokesman said the precedent did not apply to Wednesday's game because the referee in the 2005 match "saw the incident in question and simply failed to apply the proper rules."

The FAI plans to "continue to call on FIFA to take action to ensure that such damaging examples of cheating are not allowed to recur," Delaney said.

text: CNN

text: Soccer

text: fans

text: should

text: not

text: dwell

text: on

text: the

text: hand

text: ball

text: committed

text: by

text: French

text: player

text: Thierry

text: Henry

text: former

text: teammate

text: Zinedine

text: Zidane

text: said

text: in

text: his

text: defense

text: Saturday

text: French

text: forward

text: Henry

text: admitted

text: to

text: using

text: his

text: hand

text: illegally

text: to

text: set

text: up

text: the

text: goal

text: that

text: gave

text: his

text: team

text: a

text: aggregate

text: victory

text: Wednesday

text: against

text: Ireland

text: France

text: 's

text: victory

text: pushed

text: Ireland

text: out

text: of

text: a

text: spot

text: at

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: What

text: I

text: just

text: want

text: to

text: say

text: is

text: that

text: Thierry

text: Henry

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: cheater

text: even

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: big

text: foul

text: and

text: he

text: committed

text: it

text: let

text: 's

text: not

text: dwell

text: on

text: it

text: former

text: teammate

text: and

text: captain

text: for

text: the

text: French

text: team

text: Zidane

text: said

text: to

text: CNN

text: affiliate

text: BFMTV

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: think

text: he

text: should

text: take

text: more

text: blame

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: fact

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: that

text: 's

text: certainly

text: difficult

text: to

text: accept

text: for

text: the

text: Irish

text: but

text: something

text: that

text: happens

text: very

text: often

text: on

text: the

text: football

text: field

text: I

text: just

text: want

text: to

text: say

text: that

text: 's

text: a

text: lot

text: for

text: Henry

text: to

text: take

text: And

text: Zidane

text: knows

text: what

text: it

text: 's

text: like

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: the

text: spotlight

text: for

text: the

text: good

text: and

text: bad

text: Zidane

text: won

text: every

text: major

text: honor

text: in

text: the

text: game

text: including

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: But

text: during

text: the

text: last

text: game

text: of

text: his

text: professional

text: career

text: he

text: head

text: butted

text: Italy

text: 's

text: Marco

text: Materazzi

text: during

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: final

text: game

text: France

text: lost

text: that

text: match

text: France

text: won

text: Wednesday

text: 's

text: match

text: that

text: has

text: some

text: Ireland

text: fans

text: feeling

text: cheated

text: Video

text: replays

text: from

text: the

text: game

text: shows

text: Henry

text: used

text: his

text: hand

text: to

text: stop

text: the

text: ball

text: going

text: out

text: of

text: play

text: in

text: extra

text: time

text: before

text: he

text: passed

text: to

text: William

text: Gallas

text: who

text: then

text: scored

text: the

text: goal

text: that

text: secured

text: France

text: 's

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: The

text: Football

text: Association

text: of

text: Ireland

text: FAI

text: requested

text: a

text: replay

text: of

text: Wednesday

text: 's

text: controversial

text: game

text: but

text: the

text: governing

text: body

text: of

text: world

text: football

text: FIFA

text: declined

text: Friday

text: The

text: Irish

text: association

text: also

text: called

text: on

text: the

text: French

text: Football

text: Federation

text: to

text: replay

text: the

text: game

text: We

text: regret

text: that

text: despite

text: our

text: best

text: efforts

text: for

text: a

text: replay

text: which

text: would

text: have

text: restored

text: the

text: integrity

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: a

text: world

text: wide

text: audience

text: our

text: calls

text: appear

text: to

text: have

text: fallen

text: on

text: deaf

text: ears

text: at

text: the

text: French

text: Football

text: Federation

text: FAI

text: chief

text: John

text: Delaney

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: statement

text: Without

text: doubt

text: the

text: credibility

text: of

text: fair

text: play

text: has

text: been

text: damaged

text: by

text: this

text: incident

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: a

text: world

text: wide

text: audience

text: In

text: its

text: bid

text: for

text: a

text: do

text: over

text: the

text: FAI

text: pointed

text: to

text: precedent

text: set

text: in

text: when

text: a

text: World

text: Cup

text: qualifier

text: between

text: Uzbekistan

text: and

text: Bahrain

text: was

text: replayed

text: after

text: the

text: referee

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: have

text: committed

text: a

text: technical

text: error

text: But

text: a

text: FIFA

text: spokesman

text: said

text: the

text: precedent

text: did

text: not

text: apply

text: to

text: Wednesday

text: 's

text: game

text: because

text: the

text: referee

text: in

text: the

text: match

text: saw

text: the

text: incident

text: in

text: question

text: and

text: simply

text: failed

text: to

text: apply

text: the

text: proper

text: rules

text: The

text: FAI

text: plans

text: to

text: continue

text: to

text: call

text: on

text: FIFA

text: to

text: take

text: action

text: to

text: ensure

text: that

text: such

text: damaging

text: examples

text: of

text: cheating

text: are

text: not

text: allowed

text: to

text: recur

text: Delaney

text: said

question: who comes to defense of thierry

answer: Zinedine Zidane

text: Zinedine Zidane

question: who is thierry henry

answer: French player

text: French player

question: what does henry set up

answer: the goal that gave his team a 2-1 aggregate victory Wednesday against Ireland.

text: the goal that gave his team a 2-1 aggregate victory Wednesday against Ireland.

question: what does henry admit

answer: using his hand illegally to set up the goal

text: using his hand illegally to set up the goal


text:
New York (CNN) -- For New Yorkers, a gambling fix is now just a subway ride away.

The first casino in New York City opened Friday at the Aqueduct Racetrack in Queens to thousands of eager gamblers, some waiting hours to get in.

"It was such a hassle to get in, but I'm glad I'm here," said Carmen Beverly, who said she took the subway to the casino from her home in nearby Brooklyn. "Not winning anything yet, but I'm having fun."

The Resorts World Casino hit capacity almost immediately after opening, organizers said. Lines stretched around the building as police struggled to contain hundreds of people hoping for opening-day luck.

Backers of the casino said they hope its close proximity to the airport and the subway will make it a draw for New Yorkers and tourists alike.

It is the first casino to be built in New York City since the state legislature paved the way for its construction during the post-September 11, 2001, economic slump.

"Finally New York gets money," said Helen Alamia, a slots player who said she would no longer travel to out-of-state casinos. "We're giving it to Pennsylvania and Jersey, now New York gets it, I'm very happy."

Because of a technicality in the 2001 law, the casino features only video games, no live dealers.

Nonetheless, Gordon Medenica, director of the New York Lottery, espoused the casino's contribution to state funds.

"This facility will probably increase our video lottery income by 50%," Medenica said. Video lottery is the organization's fastest-growing source of income, he said.

Some customers expressed disappointment that they would not be able to gamble with a live dealer, but most seemed happy just to have a casino nearby.

Billboards for the casino advertise it as being "minutes, not hours away," a clear swipe at the more well-known -- and farther away -- gambling sites of Atlantic City, New Jersey, and Indian reservations such as Foxwoods in Connecticut.

"It's not competition with Las Vegas," said Mike Speller, president of Resorts World Casino. "We are 10 minutes from JFK -- 55 million customers a year come in there. We are 25 minutes from Manhattan -- another 50 million tourists come in there. So we think it's going to be a very, very busy place."

text: New

text: York

text: CNN

text: For

text: New

text: Yorkers

text: a

text: gambling

text: fix

text: is

text: now

text: just

text: a

text: subway

text: ride

text: away

text: The

text: first

text: casino

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: opened

text: Friday

text: at

text: the

text: Aqueduct

text: Racetrack

text: in

text: Queens

text: to

text: thousands

text: of

text: eager

text: gamblers

text: some

text: waiting

text: hours

text: to

text: get

text: in

text: It

text: was

text: such

text: a

text: hassle

text: to

text: get

text: in

text: but

text: I

text: 'm

text: glad

text: I

text: 'm

text: here

text: said

text: Carmen

text: Beverly

text: who

text: said

text: she

text: took

text: the

text: subway

text: to

text: the

text: casino

text: from

text: her

text: home

text: in

text: nearby

text: Brooklyn

text: Not

text: winning

text: anything

text: yet

text: but

text: I

text: 'm

text: having

text: fun

text: The

text: Resorts

text: World

text: Casino

text: hit

text: capacity

text: almost

text: immediately

text: after

text: opening

text: organizers

text: said

text: Lines

text: stretched

text: around

text: the

text: building

text: as

text: police

text: struggled

text: to

text: contain

text: hundreds

text: of

text: people

text: hoping

text: for

text: opening

text: day

text: luck

text: Backers

text: of

text: the

text: casino

text: said

text: they

text: hope

text: its

text: close

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: airport

text: and

text: the

text: subway

text: will

text: make

text: it

text: a

text: draw

text: for

text: New

text: Yorkers

text: and

text: tourists

text: alike

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: casino

text: to

text: be

text: built

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: since

text: the

text: state

text: legislature

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: its

text: construction

text: during

text: the

text: post

text: September

text: economic

text: slump

text: Finally

text: New

text: York

text: gets

text: money

text: said

text: Helen

text: Alamia

text: a

text: slots

text: player

text: who

text: said

text: she

text: would

text: no

text: longer

text: travel

text: to

text: out

text: of

text: state

text: casinos

text: We

text: 're

text: giving

text: it

text: to

text: Pennsylvania

text: and

text: Jersey

text: now

text: New

text: York

text: gets

text: it

text: I

text: 'm

text: very

text: happy

text: Because

text: of

text: a

text: technicality

text: in

text: the

text: law

text: the

text: casino

text: features

text: only

text: video

text: games

text: no

text: live

text: dealers

text: Nonetheless

text: Gordon

text: Medenica

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Lottery

text: espoused

text: the

text: casino

text: 's

text: contribution

text: to

text: state

text: funds

text: This

text: facility

text: will

text: probably

text: increase

text: our

text: video

text: lottery

text: income

text: by

text: Medenica

text: said

text: Video

text: lottery

text: is

text: the

text: organization

text: 's

text: fastest

text: growing

text: source

text: of

text: income

text: he

text: said

text: Some

text: customers

text: expressed

text: disappointment

text: that

text: they

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: gamble

text: with

text: a

text: live

text: dealer

text: but

text: most

text: seemed

text: happy

text: just

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: casino

text: nearby

text: Billboards

text: for

text: the

text: casino

text: advertise

text: it

text: as

text: being

text: minutes

text: not

text: hours

text: away

text: a

text: clear

text: swipe

text: at

text: the

text: more

text: well

text: known

text: and

text: farther

text: away

text: gambling

text: sites

text: of

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: New

text: Jersey

text: and

text: Indian

text: reservations

text: such

text: as

text: Foxwoods

text: in

text: Connecticut

text: It

text: 's

text: not

text: competition

text: with

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: said

text: Mike

text: Speller

text: president

text: of

text: Resorts

text: World

text: Casino

text: We

text: are

text: minutes

text: from

text: JFK

text: million

text: customers

text: a

text: year

text: come

text: in

text: there

text: We

text: are

text: minutes

text: from

text: Manhattan

text: another

text: million

text: tourists

text: come

text: in

text: there

text: So

text: we

text: think

text: it

text: 's

text: going

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: very

text: very

text: busy

text: place

question: What do visitors wait hours to do?

answer: get in.

text: get in.

question: who wait hours?

answer: gamblers,

text: gamblers,

question: What does the casino feature?

answer: only video games,

text: only video games,


text:
ISLAMABAD, Pakistan (CNN)  -- In Pakistan's combustible Swat Valley, some girls refuse to wear uniforms so they can make it to school without being harmed.

Shiza Shahid, left, a 20-year-old Stanford University student, is helping to teach young girls in Pakistan.

Other girls hide textbooks in their shawls to escape harassment.

School-age girls are among the victims in the fierce fighting between government soldiers and Taliban militants in the Swat Valley. The Pakistani government said it has flushed much of the Taliban out of the area, but some fighting persists.

Many girls remain banned from schools. Dozens of their schools have been bombed, and militants have burned books.

A new program has taken 26 girls out of the battle-scarred region to Islamabad for a 10-day retreat, where they can learn in safer surroundings.

A group of college students of Pakistani background is helping the girls. Among them are Shiza Shahid, 20, from California's Stanford University, who organized the program called Shajar-e-llm, or Tree of Knowledge.

Shahid said she was moved to help after hearing about how the girls struggled to get an education.

"I think we were so angry, upset and emotional that we decided we have to do something," she said.  Watch as Shahid says she had to act to help the girls Â»

Though well-intentioned, the program sometimes seems disorganized.

"We need support. We need unfortunately more organization, more of the bureaucratic nitty-gritty that you don't want to do, but you have to," Shahid said. "We are young, and that does come with the burden as not being equally trusted or seen as capable."

Nonetheless, the group has ambitions for a boys' learning retreat as well.

The lessons are simple enough -- confidence-building exercises, critical-thinking lessons -- all framed in the context of Islamic values.

The girls -- ages 11 to 14 -- spoke about their dreams. One wants to meet a poet; another wants to learn calligraphy. Another wants to grow up to lead Pakistan.

"I want to become president and rule this country in a good way," said 12-year-old Malila.

One day during the retreat, the girls were taught a song about freedom of speech. As a guitarist strummed, the girls sang that God gives everyone the right to free speech and no one can take it away.

Free speech seemed to end with the song, however. The girls could not risk talking about Taliban harassment, because the militants' version of Islamic law lingers. Such Islamic law, or shariah, also keeps females from going to school or going outside without their husbands.

The United Nations estimates that 375,000 Swat Valley residents fled their homes during fighting that started in April. In all, 2.5 million Pakistanis were displaced in what was said to be one of the largest human migrations in recent history.

Many residents have returned to their homes, but peace has not been completely restored to the region.

And soon, the girls at the learning retreat will return home to the Swat Valley as well.

Organizers said they hope the girls will carry a new love for education.

"There were tears and there were tough moments," said Madihah Akhter, a volunteer with the program. "But the girls surprised me. They were really resilient. They were beyond their years."

text: ISLAMABAD

text: Pakistan

text: CNN

text: In

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: combustible

text: Swat

text: Valley

text: some

text: girls

text: refuse

text: to

text: wear

text: uniforms

text: so

text: they

text: can

text: make

text: it

text: to

text: school

text: without

text: being

text: harmed

text: Shiza

text: Shahid

text: left

text: a

text: old

text: Stanford

text: University

text: student

text: is

text: helping

text: to

text: teach

text: young

text: girls

text: in

text: Pakistan

text: Other

text: girls

text: hide

text: textbooks

text: in

text: their

text: shawls

text: to

text: escape

text: harassment

text: School

text: age

text: girls

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: victims

text: in

text: the

text: fierce

text: fighting

text: between

text: government

text: soldiers

text: and

text: Taliban

text: militants

text: in

text: the

text: Swat

text: Valley

text: The

text: Pakistani

text: government

text: said

text: it

text: has

text: flushed

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: Taliban

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: area

text: but

text: some

text: fighting

text: persists

text: Many

text: girls

text: remain

text: banned

text: from

text: schools

text: Dozens

text: of

text: their

text: schools

text: have

text: been

text: bombed

text: and

text: militants

text: have

text: burned

text: books

text: A

text: new

text: program

text: has

text: taken

text: girls

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: battle

text: scarred

text: region

text: to

text: Islamabad

text: for

text: a

text: retreat

text: where

text: they

text: can

text: learn

text: in

text: safer

text: surroundings

text: A

text: group

text: of

text: college

text: students

text: of

text: Pakistani

text: background

text: is

text: helping

text: the

text: girls

text: Among

text: them

text: are

text: Shiza

text: Shahid

text: from

text: California

text: 's

text: Stanford

text: University

text: who

text: organized

text: the

text: program

text: called

text: Shajar

text: e

text: llm

text: or

text: Tree

text: of

text: Knowledge

text: Shahid

text: said

text: she

text: was

text: moved

text: to

text: help

text: after

text: hearing

text: about

text: how

text: the

text: girls

text: struggled

text: to

text: get

text: an

text: education

text: I

text: think

text: we

text: were

text: so

text: angry

text: upset

text: and

text: emotional

text: that

text: we

text: decided

text: we

text: have

text: to

text: do

text: something

text: she

text: said

text: Watch

text: as

text: Shahid

text: says

text: she

text: had

text: to

text: act

text: to

text: help

text: the

text: girls

text: Â

text: Though

text: well

text: intentioned

text: the

text: program

text: sometimes

text: seems

text: disorganized

text: We

text: need

text: support

text: We

text: need

text: unfortunately

text: more

text: organization

text: more

text: of

text: the

text: bureaucratic

text: nitty

text: gritty

text: that

text: you

text: do

text: n't

text: want

text: to

text: do

text: but

text: you

text: have

text: to

text: Shahid

text: said

text: We

text: are

text: young

text: and

text: that

text: does

text: come

text: with

text: the

text: burden

text: as

text: not

text: being

text: equally

text: trusted

text: or

text: seen

text: as

text: capable

text: Nonetheless

text: the

text: group

text: has

text: ambitions

text: for

text: a

text: boys

text: learning

text: retreat

text: as

text: well

text: The

text: lessons

text: are

text: simple

text: enough

text: confidence

text: building

text: exercises

text: critical

text: thinking

text: lessons

text: all

text: framed

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: Islamic

text: values

text: The

text: girls

text: ages

text: to

text: spoke

text: about

text: their

text: dreams

text: One

text: wants

text: to

text: meet

text: a

text: poet

text: another

text: wants

text: to

text: learn

text: calligraphy

text: Another

text: wants

text: to

text: grow

text: up

text: to

text: lead

text: Pakistan

text: I

text: want

text: to

text: become

text: president

text: and

text: rule

text: this

text: country

text: in

text: a

text: good

text: way

text: said

text: old

text: Malila

text: One

text: day

text: during

text: the

text: retreat

text: the

text: girls

text: were

text: taught

text: a

text: song

text: about

text: freedom

text: of

text: speech

text: As

text: a

text: guitarist

text: strummed

text: the

text: girls

text: sang

text: that

text: God

text: gives

text: everyone

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: free

text: speech

text: and

text: no

text: one

text: can

text: take

text: it

text: away

text: Free

text: speech

text: seemed

text: to

text: end

text: with

text: the

text: song

text: however

text: The

text: girls

text: could

text: not

text: risk

text: talking

text: about

text: Taliban

text: harassment

text: because

text: the

text: militants

text: version

text: of

text: Islamic

text: law

text: lingers

text: Such

text: Islamic

text: law

text: or

text: shariah

text: also

text: keeps

text: females

text: from

text: going

text: to

text: school

text: or

text: going

text: outside

text: without

text: their

text: husbands

text: The

text: United

text: Nations

text: estimates

text: that

text: Swat

text: Valley

text: residents

text: fled

text: their

text: homes

text: during

text: fighting

text: that

text: started

text: in

text: April

text: In

text: all

text: million

text: Pakistanis

text: were

text: displaced

text: in

text: what

text: was

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: human

text: migrations

text: in

text: recent

text: history

text: Many

text: residents

text: have

text: returned

text: to

text: their

text: homes

text: but

text: peace

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: completely

text: restored

text: to

text: the

text: region

text: And

text: soon

text: the

text: girls

text: at

text: the

text: learning

text: retreat

text: will

text: return

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Swat

text: Valley

text: as

text: well

text: Organizers

text: said

text: they

text: hope

text: the

text: girls

text: will

text: carry

text: a

text: new

text: love

text: for

text: education

text: There

text: were

text: tears

text: and

text: there

text: were

text: tough

text: moments

text: said

text: Madihah

text: Akhter

text: a

text: volunteer

text: with

text: the

text: program

text: But

text: the

text: girls

text: surprised

text: me

text: They

text: were

text: really

text: resilient

text: They

text: were

text: beyond

text: their

text: years

question: Who were the Pakistani soldiers fighting?

answer: Taliban militants

text: Taliban militants

question: From what university is a student helping the retreat come from?

answer: Stanford

text: Stanford

question: who were fighting?

answer: government soldiers and Taliban militants

text: government soldiers and Taliban militants

question: Which university is the helpful student from?

answer: Stanford

text: Stanford

question: What number of girls were given a safe haven in Islamabad?

answer: 26

question: How many girls were given a safe haven to learn?

answer: 26

question: who is helping to lead the retreat?

answer: Shiza Shahid, left, a 20-year-old Stanford University student, is

text: Shiza Shahid, left, a 20-year-old Stanford University student, is