text:
Princeton, New Jersey (CNN) -- In the week leading up to the meeting of world leaders in Washington, President Obama has been demonstrating a strong commitment to nuclear arms control.

Last week, he signed the first major agreement with the Russians since 2002, which reduces the number of nuclear warheads and long-range missiles.

Obama released the Nuclear Posture Review, saying the United States would not use nuclear weapons against countries that complied with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, even if they attacked with conventional weapons. At the same time, the president said the countries that refused to abide by the treaty could be subject to nuclear reprisal.

Although Obama's Nuclear Posture Review does not go nearly as far as many of his supporters were hoping, some Republicans immediately attacked.

Sens. John Kyl and John McCain warned that "we believe that preventing nuclear terrorism and nuclear proliferation should begin by directly confronting the two leading proliferators and supporters of terrorism, Iran and North Korea. The Obama administration's policies, thus far, have failed to do that, and this failure has sent exactly the wrong message to other would-be proliferators and supporters of terrorism."

Some Democrats, constantly leery about appearing weak on national security, will buckle as the politics of nuclear weapons heats up when the treaty with the Russians reaches the Senate for ratification. But the administration should pursue this treaty aggressively and with confidence that they can win public opinion on this issue.

The president must remind fellow Democrats, as well as Republicans, that historically the public has tended to strongly support nuclear weapons treaties, and the presidents who pursue them.

After the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962, President Kennedy proposed the Limited Test Ban Treaty. Proponents of a ban on atmospheric and underwater testing of nuclear weapons had unsuccessfully pushed for some kind of ban since the early 1950s. There were many powerful opponents of a treaty, including the Joint Chiefs of Staff, as well as the Republican right. In 1963, they warned that a treaty would threaten America's military strength.

But Kennedy was determined to obtain a treaty. He had seen the possibility of nuclear war firsthand when the Soviets and the U.S. went eye-to-eye over missiles in Cuba. Kennedy also worried the Chinese were dangerously close to exploding their first nuclear bomb, something that also gave the Soviets an incentive to work toward some kind of treaty.

Negotiations over a limited test ban took place from March to May. Conservatives warned that verification would be impossible. On June 10, in an effort to move the process forward, Kennedy made a dramatic speech at American University in which he said, "I realize that the pursuit of peace is not as dramatic as the pursuit of war -- and frequently the words of the pursuer fall on deaf ears. But we have no more urgent task."

On August 5, 1963, the U.S., Britain and the Soviet Union reached an agreement on the Limited Test Ban Treaty that prohibited atmospheric, space and underwater testing. The administration remained nervous about whether Republicans would be able to block its ratification. But by limiting the test ban rather than agreeing to a total moratorium, Kennedy undercut the opposition.

The Senate ratified the treaty 80-19. Polls showed that Americans overwhelmingly approved of the treaty. The following year, President Johnson used Sen. Barry Goldwater's opposition to the treaty as a central theme in the fall presidential campaign.

Democrats broadcast a series of ads aimed at scaring the public about the possibility of nuclear war under a Goldwater presidency. Polls consistently showed that Goldwater's position on nuclear weapons was his greatest weakness.

Hawkish Republican presidents have also discovered that nuclear arms reduction is popular with voters.

In 1981, Ronald Reagan launched his presidency with an aggressive program that turned away from arms negotiations with the Soviet Union and insisted on the toughest terms possible before negotiations could even begin. He staffed key positions with neoconservatives who opposed negotiations with the Soviets. The administration also vastly increased defense spending.

But the public was scared, and Reagan knew it. By 1983, the atmosphere was tense.

Some called it the most dangerous period in the Cold War since 1962. A series of international crises, including a standoff that followed the shooting down a South Korean airliner by the Soviets, caused Reagan to see how easy it was for nuclear war to start.

There was strong political pressure on the administration as well. The nuclear freeze movement, a massive international movement, was creating immense political pressure for Reagan to reverse his agenda.

On television, Americans were fearful when they watched the television special "The Day After," which focused on the effect of a fictional nuclear war on a small town in Kansas.

One adviser warned Reagan that "the issue in the general arena of foreign relations that could swamp us if we do not handle it with great care is the proposed freeze on the production and deployment of nuclear weapons. Even when apprised of the difficulties of the verification of this plan, 75 percent of all Americans favor the freeze."

The Strategic Defense Initiative, under which Reagan proposed to build a shield around the U.S. to protect the nation from incoming missile attack, was partially a response to his critics to show the president wanted peace as well.

Reagan adopted a more conciliatory posture toward the Soviets in 1984. He delivered a widely publicized speech arguing that the Soviets and the U.S. could achieve peace. Then between 1985 and 1987, he defied the right-wing of the Republican Party -- Howard Phillips called him a "useful idiot" for Kremlin propaganda -- and entered into negotiations with the Soviet Union's Mikhail Gorbachev that culminated in the INF Treaty in 1987.

When national security is on the table, Democrats tend to get nervous politically, particularly if they support a position that can be characterized as too dovish. But when it comes to nuclear weapons, President Obama is on a path that is politically sustainable.

During the Cold War, presidents from both parties learned that the American public tends to prefer politicians who are willing to take risks to reduce nuclear stockpiles rather than those who beat the drums of war.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Julian Zelizer.

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text: meeting

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text: nearly

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text: supporters

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text: Obama

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text: wrong

text: message

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text: would

text: be

text: proliferators

text: and

text: supporters

text: of

text: terrorism

text: Some

text: Democrats

text: constantly

text: leery

text: about

text: appearing

text: weak

text: on

text: national

text: security

text: will

text: buckle

text: as

text: the

text: politics

text: of

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: heats

text: up

text: when

text: the

text: treaty

text: with

text: the

text: Russians

text: reaches

text: the

text: Senate

text: for

text: ratification

text: But

text: the

text: administration

text: should

text: pursue

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text: treaty

text: aggressively

text: and

text: with

text: confidence

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text: they

text: can

text: win

text: public

text: opinion

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text: issue

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text: president

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text: remind

text: fellow

text: Democrats

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text: well

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text: Republicans

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text: historically

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text: public

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text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: treaties

text: and

text: the

text: presidents

text: who

text: pursue

text: them

text: After

text: the

text: Cuban

text: Missile

text: Crisis

text: in

text: October

text: President

text: Kennedy

text: proposed

text: the

text: Limited

text: Test

text: Ban

text: Treaty

text: Proponents

text: of

text: a

text: ban

text: on

text: atmospheric

text: and

text: underwater

text: testing

text: of

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: had

text: unsuccessfully

text: pushed

text: for

text: some

text: kind

text: of

text: ban

text: since

text: the

text: early

text: There

text: were

text: many

text: powerful

text: opponents

text: of

text: a

text: treaty

text: including

text: the

text: Joint

text: Chiefs

text: of

text: Staff

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Republican

text: right

text: In

text: they

text: warned

text: that

text: a

text: treaty

text: would

text: threaten

text: America

text: 's

text: military

text: strength

text: But

text: Kennedy

text: was

text: determined

text: to

text: obtain

text: a

text: treaty

text: He

text: had

text: seen

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: nuclear

text: war

text: firsthand

text: when

text: the

text: Soviets

text: and

text: the

text: U.S.

text: went

text: eye

text: to

text: eye

text: over

text: missiles

text: in

text: Cuba

text: Kennedy

text: also

text: worried

text: the

text: Chinese

text: were

text: dangerously

text: close

text: to

text: exploding

text: their

text: first

text: nuclear

text: bomb

text: something

text: that

text: also

text: gave

text: the

text: Soviets

text: an

text: incentive

text: to

text: work

text: toward

text: some

text: kind

text: of

text: treaty

text: Negotiations

text: over

text: a

text: limited

text: test

text: ban

text: took

text: place

text: from

text: March

text: to

text: May.

text: Conservatives

text: warned

text: that

text: verification

text: would

text: be

text: impossible

text: On

text: June

text: in

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: move

text: the

text: process

text: forward

text: Kennedy

text: made

text: a

text: dramatic

text: speech

text: at

text: American

text: University

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: said

text: I

text: realize

text: that

text: the

text: pursuit

text: of

text: peace

text: is

text: not

text: as

text: dramatic

text: as

text: the

text: pursuit

text: of

text: war

text: and

text: frequently

text: the

text: words

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text: the

text: pursuer

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text: U.S.

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text: Soviet

text: Union

text: reached

text: an

text: agreement

text: on

text: the

text: Limited

text: Test

text: Ban

text: Treaty

text: that

text: prohibited

text: atmospheric

text: space

text: and

text: underwater

text: testing

text: The

text: administration

text: remained

text: nervous

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text: whether

text: Republicans

text: would

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: block

text: its

text: ratification

text: But

text: by

text: limiting

text: the

text: test

text: ban

text: rather

text: than

text: agreeing

text: to

text: a

text: total

text: moratorium

text: Kennedy

text: undercut

text: the

text: opposition

text: The

text: Senate

text: ratified

text: the

text: treaty

text: Polls

text: showed

text: that

text: Americans

text: overwhelmingly

text: approved

text: of

text: the

text: treaty

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: President

text: Johnson

text: used

text: Sen.

text: Barry

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text: 's

text: opposition

text: to

text: the

text: treaty

text: as

text: a

text: central

text: theme

text: in

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text: fall

text: presidential

text: campaign

text: Democrats

text: broadcast

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: ads

text: aimed

text: at

text: scaring

text: the

text: public

text: about

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: nuclear

text: war

text: under

text: a

text: Goldwater

text: presidency

text: Polls

text: consistently

text: showed

text: that

text: Goldwater

text: 's

text: position

text: on

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: was

text: his

text: greatest

text: weakness

text: Hawkish

text: Republican

text: presidents

text: have

text: also

text: discovered

text: that

text: nuclear

text: arms

text: reduction

text: is

text: popular

text: with

text: voters

text: In

text: Ronald

text: Reagan

text: launched

text: his

text: presidency

text: with

text: an

text: aggressive

text: program

text: that

text: turned

text: away

text: from

text: arms

text: negotiations

text: with

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: insisted

text: on

text: the

text: toughest

text: terms

text: possible

text: before

text: negotiations

text: could

text: even

text: begin

text: He

text: staffed

text: key

text: positions

text: with

text: neoconservatives

text: who

text: opposed

text: negotiations

text: with

text: the

text: Soviets

text: The

text: administration

text: also

text: vastly

text: increased

text: defense

text: spending

text: But

text: the

text: public

text: was

text: scared

text: and

text: Reagan

text: knew

text: it

text: By

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: was

text: tense

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text: called

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: dangerous

text: period

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text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: since

text: A

text: series

text: of

text: international

text: crises

text: including

text: a

text: standoff

text: that

text: followed

text: the

text: shooting

text: down

text: a

text: South

text: Korean

text: airliner

text: by

text: the

text: Soviets

text: caused

text: Reagan

text: to

text: see

text: how

text: easy

text: it

text: was

text: for

text: nuclear

text: war

text: to

text: start

text: There

text: was

text: strong

text: political

text: pressure

text: on

text: the

text: administration

text: as

text: well

text: The

text: nuclear

text: freeze

text: movement

text: a

text: massive

text: international

text: movement

text: was

text: creating

text: immense

text: political

text: pressure

text: for

text: Reagan

text: to

text: reverse

text: his

text: agenda

text: On

text: television

text: Americans

text: were

text: fearful

text: when

text: they

text: watched

text: the

text: television

text: special

text: The

text: Day

text: After

text: which

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: a

text: fictional

text: nuclear

text: war

text: on

text: a

text: small

text: town

text: in

text: Kansas

text: One

text: adviser

text: warned

text: Reagan

text: that

text: the

text: issue

text: in

text: the

text: general

text: arena

text: of

text: foreign

text: relations

text: that

text: could

text: swamp

text: us

text: if

text: we

text: do

text: not

text: handle

text: it

text: with

text: great

text: care

text: is

text: the

text: proposed

text: freeze

text: on

text: the

text: production

text: and

text: deployment

text: of

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: Even

text: when

text: apprised

text: of

text: the

text: difficulties

text: of

text: the

text: verification

text: of

text: this

text: plan

text: percent

text: of

text: all

text: Americans

text: favor

text: the

text: freeze

text: The

text: Strategic

text: Defense

text: Initiative

text: under

text: which

text: Reagan

text: proposed

text: to

text: build

text: a

text: shield

text: around

text: the

text: U.S.

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: nation

text: from

text: incoming

text: missile

text: attack

text: was

text: partially

text: a

text: response

text: to

text: his

text: critics

text: to

text: show

text: the

text: president

text: wanted

text: peace

text: as

text: well

text: Reagan

text: adopted

text: a

text: more

text: conciliatory

text: posture

text: toward

text: the

text: Soviets

text: in

text: He

text: delivered

text: a

text: widely

text: publicized

text: speech

text: arguing

text: that

text: the

text: Soviets

text: and

text: the

text: U.S.

text: could

text: achieve

text: peace

text: Then

text: between

text: and

text: he

text: defied

text: the

text: right

text: wing

text: of

text: the

text: Republican

text: Party

text: Howard

text: Phillips

text: called

text: him

text: a

text: useful

text: idiot

text: for

text: Kremlin

text: propaganda

text: and

text: entered

text: into

text: negotiations

text: with

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: 's

text: Mikhail

text: Gorbachev

text: that

text: culminated

text: in

text: the

text: INF

text: Treaty

text: in

text: When

text: national

text: security

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: table

text: Democrats

text: tend

text: to

text: get

text: nervous

text: politically

text: particularly

text: if

text: they

text: support

text: a

text: position

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: characterized

text: as

text: too

text: dovish

text: But

text: when

text: it

text: comes

text: to

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: President

text: Obama

text: is

text: on

text: a

text: path

text: that

text: is

text: politically

text: sustainable

text: During

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: presidents

text: from

text: both

text: parties

text: learned

text: that

text: the

text: American

text: public

text: tends

text: to

text: prefer

text: politicians

text: who

text: are

text: willing

text: to

text: take

text: risks

text: to

text: reduce

text: nuclear

text: stockpiles

text: rather

text: than

text: those

text: who

text: beat

text: the

text: drums

text: of

text: war

text: The

text: opinions

text: expressed

text: in

text: this

text: commentary

text: are

text: solely

text: those

text: of

text: Julian

text: Zelizer

question: How many democrats may be leery?

answer: Some

text: Some

question: What do the public perfer?

answer: to strongly support nuclear weapons treaties, and the presidents who pursue them.

text: to strongly support nuclear weapons treaties, and the presidents who pursue them.

question: What are some democrats leery about?

answer: appearing weak on national security,

text: appearing weak on national security,

question: Who shows strong committment to the nuclear arms control?

answer: President Obama

text: President Obama

question: What says Zelizer about politicians?

answer: During the Cold War, presidents from both parties learned that the American public tends to prefer

text: During the Cold War, presidents from both parties learned that the American public tends to prefer

question: who shows a strong commitment to nuclear arms control

answer: President Obama

text: President Obama


text:
Manila, Philippines (CNN) -- The son of a Philippines provincial governor is voluntarily turning himself in for questioning in the massacre of at least 57 unarmed civilians, a CNN affiliate reported Thursday.

Andal Ampatuan Jr. -- who is the mayor of Datu Unsay and the son of Maguindanao Governor Andal Ampatuan -- has agreed to face questioning, reported Patricia Evangelista of ABS-CBN.

Ampatuan was not identified by authorities as a suspect in the killings in the southern Philippines, though victims' survivors and local media reports had done so.

Philippines President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo "is enraged by these barbaric acts," spokesman Cerge Remonde said. "She has literally thrown the full force of the law and has mobilized the security and police forces of the state to go after the perpetrators."

Philippines authorities had disbanded a paramilitary force in the southern Philippines suspected of playing a role in the massacre, the country's state-run media reported Wednesday.

Remonde said the deaths were the result of a political clan war, not Muslim secessionism in that troubled region of the country.

"So far as this case is concerned, this is a limited clan political rivalry, which has been going on for some time now," Remonde said.

The death toll grew Wednesday after 11 more bodies were recovered from a rural area of Mindanao and buried. Arroyo has declared Wednesday a national day of mourning.

Arroyo's government is under intense pressure to find those responsible for planning and carrying out the abduction and killing of the group of about 60 politicians, lawyers and journalists -- and reportedly some bystanders.

Suspicion has fallen on the Ampatuan family, key allies of the Arroyo administration in the Maguindanao region of the southern Mindanao province.

Ampatuan family members have not commented on the slaying allegations.

Remonde appeared to blame the Ampatuan clan, adding: "There is, however, a move now by the administration party to expel the suspected clan."

Those killed include the wife and two sisters of a local politician who plans to run for the spot vacated next year by Maguindanao's governor, Andal Ampatuan.

While the investigation is ongoing, a spokesman for the country's national police has said that Andal Ampatuan Jr. has been linked to the crime, according to local media reports.

"According to the initial reports, those who were abducted and murdered at Saniag were initially stopped by a group led by the mayor of Datu Unsay," National Police spokesman Chief Superintendent Leonardo Espina said, according to ABS-CBN News.

The massacre is the worst politically motivated violence in recent Philippines history. On Monday morning, in daylight, a group of about 100 gunmen stopped a convoy carrying supporters and family members of local politician Ismael "Toto" Mangudadatu, witnesses and officials say.

Mangudadatu had sent his wife and sisters to file paperwork allowing him to run for governor of Maguindanao in May after he had been threatened and told not to file the papers himself. He said the threats came from allies of Governor Ampatuan.

The number of people kidnapped and killed was still unclear, as recovery continued at the mass grave site in Maguindanao.

A car traveling behind the convoy was mistaken for being a part of the politician's contingent, a local official told the Philippines GMA News Network.

The car was instead heading to a hospital, according to Tom Robles, head of the Tacurong City Employees Union, who spoke to GMA News. The driver and four passengers -- including a government employee who had suffered a mild stroke and his wife -- were rounded up and killed along with the members of the convoy ahead of them, Robles said.

A police official confirmed that the car and the bodies of three of the passengers were among those recovered at the grave site, GMA reported.

The state-run Philippines News Agency said the ruling Lakas-Kampi-CMD (Christian, Muslim, Democrats) was to meet Wednesday to discuss whether to remove the Ampatuan clan members in Mindanao from the party as a result of the killings.

"In our opinion, they were not able to fulfill their obligations to the party," said former Defense Secretary Gilberto "Gibo" Teodoro, Lakas-Kampi-CMD national president and the party's standard bearer in the 2010 elections, in a radio interview, according to PNA.

Ampatuans hold leadership positions in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, including governor of the region, governor of Maguindanao and mayor of Datu Unsay.

"Like many others, I am appalled and outraged by it, and I join the rising chorus of indignation against it," Arroyo said. "This is not a simple election feud between opposing clans; this is a supreme act of inhumanity that is a blight on our nation. The perpetrators will not escape justice. The law will haunt them until they are caught."

text: Manila

text: Philippines

text: CNN

text: The

text: son

text: of

text: a

text: Philippines

text: provincial

text: governor

text: is

text: voluntarily

text: turning

text: himself

text: in

text: for

text: questioning

text: in

text: the

text: massacre

text: of

text: at

text: least

text: unarmed

text: civilians

text: a

text: CNN

text: affiliate

text: reported

text: Thursday

text: Andal

text: Ampatuan

text: Jr.

text: who

text: is

text: the

text: mayor

text: of

text: Datu

text: Unsay

text: and

text: the

text: son

text: of

text: Maguindanao

text: Governor

text: Andal

text: Ampatuan

text: has

text: agreed

text: to

text: face

text: questioning

text: reported

text: Patricia

text: Evangelista

text: of

text: ABS

text: CBN

text: Ampatuan

text: was

text: not

text: identified

text: by

text: authorities

text: as

text: a

text: suspect

text: in

text: the

text: killings

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: Philippines

text: though

text: victims

text: survivors

text: and

text: local

text: media

text: reports

text: had

text: done

text: so

text: Philippines

text: President

text: Gloria

text: Macapagal

text: Arroyo

text: is

text: enraged

text: by

text: these

text: barbaric

text: acts

text: spokesman

text: Cerge

text: Remonde

text: said

text: She

text: has

text: literally

text: thrown

text: the

text: full

text: force

text: of

text: the

text: law

text: and

text: has

text: mobilized

text: the

text: security

text: and

text: police

text: forces

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: to

text: go

text: after

text: the

text: perpetrators

text: Philippines

text: authorities

text: had

text: disbanded

text: a

text: paramilitary

text: force

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: Philippines

text: suspected

text: of

text: playing

text: a

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: massacre

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: state

text: run

text: media

text: reported

text: Wednesday

text: Remonde

text: said

text: the

text: deaths

text: were

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: a

text: political

text: clan

text: war

text: not

text: Muslim

text: secessionism

text: in

text: that

text: troubled

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: So

text: far

text: as

text: this

text: case

text: is

text: concerned

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: limited

text: clan

text: political

text: rivalry

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: going

text: on

text: for

text: some

text: time

text: now

text: Remonde

text: said

text: The

text: death

text: toll

text: grew

text: Wednesday

text: after

text: more

text: bodies

text: were

text: recovered

text: from

text: a

text: rural

text: area

text: of

text: Mindanao

text: and

text: buried

text: Arroyo

text: has

text: declared

text: Wednesday

text: a

text: national

text: day

text: of

text: mourning

text: Arroyo

text: 's

text: government

text: is

text: under

text: intense

text: pressure

text: to

text: find

text: those

text: responsible

text: for

text: planning

text: and

text: carrying

text: out

text: the

text: abduction

text: and

text: killing

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: of

text: about

text: politicians

text: lawyers

text: and

text: journalists

text: and

text: reportedly

text: some

text: bystanders

text: Suspicion

text: has

text: fallen

text: on

text: the

text: Ampatuan

text: family

text: key

text: allies

text: of

text: the

text: Arroyo

text: administration

text: in

text: the

text: Maguindanao

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: Mindanao

text: province

text: Ampatuan

text: family

text: members

text: have

text: not

text: commented

text: on

text: the

text: slaying

text: allegations

text: Remonde

text: appeared

text: to

text: blame

text: the

text: Ampatuan

text: clan

text: adding

text: There

text: is

text: however

text: a

text: move

text: now

text: by

text: the

text: administration

text: party

text: to

text: expel

text: the

text: suspected

text: clan

text: Those

text: killed

text: include

text: the

text: wife

text: and

text: two

text: sisters

text: of

text: a

text: local

text: politician

text: who

text: plans

text: to

text: run

text: for

text: the

text: spot

text: vacated

text: next

text: year

text: by

text: Maguindanao

text: 's

text: governor

text: Andal

text: Ampatuan

text: While

text: the

text: investigation

text: is

text: ongoing

text: a

text: spokesman

text: for

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: national

text: police

text: has

text: said

text: that

text: Andal

text: Ampatuan

text: Jr.

text: has

text: been

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: crime

text: according

text: to

text: local

text: media

text: reports

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: initial

text: reports

text: those

text: who

text: were

text: abducted

text: and

text: murdered

text: at

text: Saniag

text: were

text: initially

text: stopped

text: by

text: a

text: group

text: led

text: by

text: the

text: mayor

text: of

text: Datu

text: Unsay

text: National

text: Police

text: spokesman

text: Chief

text: Superintendent

text: Leonardo

text: Espina

text: said

text: according

text: to

text: ABS

text: CBN

text: News

text: The

text: massacre

text: is

text: the

text: worst

text: politically

text: motivated

text: violence

text: in

text: recent

text: Philippines

text: history

text: On

text: Monday

text: morning

text: in

text: daylight

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: about

text: gunmen

text: stopped

text: a

text: convoy

text: carrying

text: supporters

text: and

text: family

text: members

text: of

text: local

text: politician

text: Ismael

text: Toto

text: Mangudadatu

text: witnesses

text: and

text: officials

text: say

text: Mangudadatu

text: had

text: sent

text: his

text: wife

text: and

text: sisters

text: to

text: file

text: paperwork

text: allowing

text: him

text: to

text: run

text: for

text: governor

text: of

text: Maguindanao

text: in

text: May

text: after

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: threatened

text: and

text: told

text: not

text: to

text: file

text: the

text: papers

text: himself

text: He

text: said

text: the

text: threats

text: came

text: from

text: allies

text: of

text: Governor

text: Ampatuan

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: kidnapped

text: and

text: killed

text: was

text: still

text: unclear

text: as

text: recovery

text: continued

text: at

text: the

text: mass

text: grave

text: site

text: in

text: Maguindanao

text: A

text: car

text: traveling

text: behind

text: the

text: convoy

text: was

text: mistaken

text: for

text: being

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: politician

text: 's

text: contingent

text: a

text: local

text: official

text: told

text: the

text: Philippines

text: GMA

text: News

text: Network

text: The

text: car

text: was

text: instead

text: heading

text: to

text: a

text: hospital

text: according

text: to

text: Tom

text: Robles

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Tacurong

text: City

text: Employees

text: Union

text: who

text: spoke

text: to

text: GMA

text: News

text: The

text: driver

text: and

text: four

text: passengers

text: including

text: a

text: government

text: employee

text: who

text: had

text: suffered

text: a

text: mild

text: stroke

text: and

text: his

text: wife

text: were

text: rounded

text: up

text: and

text: killed

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: convoy

text: ahead

text: of

text: them

text: Robles

text: said

text: A

text: police

text: official

text: confirmed

text: that

text: the

text: car

text: and

text: the

text: bodies

text: of

text: three

text: of

text: the

text: passengers

text: were

text: among

text: those

text: recovered

text: at

text: the

text: grave

text: site

text: GMA

text: reported

text: The

text: state

text: run

text: Philippines

text: News

text: Agency

text: said

text: the

text: ruling

text: Lakas

text: Kampi

text: CMD

text: Christian

text: Muslim

text: Democrats

text: was

text: to

text: meet

text: Wednesday

text: to

text: discuss

text: whether

text: to

text: remove

text: the

text: Ampatuan

text: clan

text: members

text: in

text: Mindanao

text: from

text: the

text: party

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: killings

text: In

text: our

text: opinion

text: they

text: were

text: not

text: able

text: to

text: fulfill

text: their

text: obligations

text: to

text: the

text: party

text: said

text: former

text: Defense

text: Secretary

text: Gilberto

text: Gibo

text: Teodoro

text: Lakas

text: Kampi

text: CMD

text: national

text: president

text: and

text: the

text: party

text: 's

text: standard

text: bearer

text: in

text: the

text: elections

text: in

text: a

text: radio

text: interview

text: according

text: to

text: PNA

text: Ampatuans

text: hold

text: leadership

text: positions

text: in

text: the

text: Autonomous

text: Region

text: in

text: Muslim

text: Mindanao

text: including

text: governor

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: governor

text: of

text: Maguindanao

text: and

text: mayor

text: of

text: Datu

text: Unsay

text: Like

text: many

text: others

text: I

text: am

text: appalled

text: and

text: outraged

text: by

text: it

text: and

text: I

text: join

text: the

text: rising

text: chorus

text: of

text: indignation

text: against

text: it

text: Arroyo

text: said

text: This

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: simple

text: election

text: feud

text: between

text: opposing

text: clans

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: supreme

text: act

text: of

text: inhumanity

text: that

text: is

text: a

text: blight

text: on

text: our

text: nation

text: The

text: perpetrators

text: will

text: not

text: escape

text: justice

text: The

text: law

text: will

text: haunt

text: them

text: until

text: they

text: are

text: caught

question: Where do Ampatuans hold leadership?

answer: positions in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, including governor of the region, governor of Maguindanao and mayor of Datu Unsay.

text: positions in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, including governor of the region, governor of Maguindanao and mayor of Datu Unsay.

question: Was Ampatuan identified as a suspect?

answer: by authorities as a

text: by authorities as a

question: Where did authorities disband force?

answer: southern Philippines

text: southern Philippines

question: What did the mayor's group do?

answer: has agreed to face questioning,

text: has agreed to face questioning,

question: Who did authorities not identify as a suspect?

answer: Andal Ampatuan Jr.

text: Andal Ampatuan Jr.

question: What type of positions do Ampatuans hold in Mindanao?

answer: leadership

text: leadership


text:
(CNN) -- Twitter was abuzz Thursday with the death of Apple visionary Steve Jobs but another topic was gathering steam as the day progressed. Who will win this year's coveted Nobel Peace Prize?

Not Jobs, though many among his huge global following posted messages that he should. The Nobel is never awarded posthumously and that rule also eliminates Mohamed Bouazizi, the unemployed college graduate whose self-immolation in Tunisia sparked a popular uprising that led to the fall of Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali's government. The Tunisian revolt began this year's so-called Arab Spring.

Some years, there are clear frontrunners -- Martin Luther King, Jr., Mother Teresa, Nelson Mandela, Aung San Suu Kyi.

This year, it's anyone's guess with a record number of nominations -- 241 -- received by the Nobel committee. Of those, 53 are organizations, including WikiLeaks -- the website founded by Julian Assange that facilitates the publication of classified information and made headlines for leaking documents and videos related to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. It also released thousands of U.S. diplomatic cables.

"Liu Xiabao was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize last year for his struggle for human rights, democracy and freedom of speech in China," blogged Norwegian lawmaker Snorre Valen of the Socialist Left Party, who nominated WikiLeaks. "Likewise: WikiLeaks have contributed to the struggle for those very values globally, by exposing (among many other things) corruption, war crimes and torture -- some times even conducted by allies of Norway."

Liu's win upset the Chinese and set off a diplomatic squabble. The year before, the world gasped collectively at Barack Obama's win, a shocker that the U.S. president had won even before he had completed his first year in office.

Despite the controversy that has swirled around perhaps the world's most prestigious prize, some experts say this year is a no-brainer, given the seismic events that have gripped the Arab world.

Kristian Berg Harpviken, director of Norway's Peace Research Institute Oslo shortlisted men and women who did their share in fomenting peaceful revolts against repressive regimes.

Harpviken's top choice is Israa Abdel Fattah, who helped organize Egypt's online April 6 Youth Movement in 2008.

She was arrested by Egyptian security that year and soon became a symbol of defiance against Hosni Mubarak's government. She has earned the monikers "cyber dissident" and "Facebook girl" and was named one of Arabian Business Magazine's 100 most powerful women in 2011.

The peace research institute's website said that Fattah is a good choice because the Nobel committee "has emphasized its wish to be relevant, to speak to dominant themes of the present, and to see the prize giving leverage in unfolding processes. Secondly, Harpviken believes that the prize is likely to be awarded to a female leader or activist who has been an innovator of new tools for bringing about peace."

Another potential winner is Wael Ghonim, the former Google executive who used social media to jump-start social change in Egypt. Ghonim fired off a steady stream of messages on Twitter and Facebook and worked behind the scenes to galvanize thousands to march on the streets to demand change.

Tunisian blogger Lina Ben Mhenni is also on many top lists. Censored in her own country, she criticized the regime long before the uprisings began, dispersing information to the outside world.

"A prize to Mhenni would be a prize to independent reporting, in the form of social media, as well as recognition of the peaceful protests of the Tunisian people at large," the peace institute website said.

Some experts think that Gene Sharp, an American scholar who founded the Albert Einstein Institution in Boston, could be recognized for his work on the principles of non-violence, including "From Dictatorship to Democracy." The downloadable writings in many languages have proved a source of inspiration around the world, including the uprisings in the Middle East and North Africa.

Harpviken also named Memorial, a Russian civil rights group known for its fight for to protect refugees and victims of political persecution and human rights violations in war zones.

Natalya Estemirova, Memorial's lead researcher in the Chechen republic, was abducted and killed in July 2009. Human Rights Watch said it "appeared to be clearly connected to her work uncovering human rights violations in Chechnya. "

Bookmakers Paddy Power listed Sima Samar, head of the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission, as a favorite at 5/4 odds.

A physician and trailblazer for women's rights, Samar was named deputy premier after the toppling of the Taliban in 2001, the first woman to win such a high government post.

She has been threatened with death and harassed for questioning conservative Islamic laws and practices, including the burqua, the head-to-toe garment Afghan women have been forced to wear.

Paddy Power picked the right winner last year. That bodes well for Samar. Other names on global shortlists include:

-- Aung San Suu Kyi, the Burmese pro-democracy leader who was released from house arrest last year. Suu Kyi is already a Nobel laureate -- she was awarded the peace price in 1991. No individual has won it twice, though two organizations -- the International Committee of the Red Cross and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees -- are repeat winners.

-- German Chancellor Helmut Kohl

-- Cuban dissident Oswaldo Payas Sardinas

-- Ghazi bin Muhammad, a Jordanian advocate of interfaith dialogue

The winner will be announced Friday. Until then, the speculation continues to heat up.

Twitter user Alu Abunimah (@avinunu) offered one last candidate for consideration to his more than 16,000 followers.

"Maybe the Nobel Peace Prize will go to The Markets, to help Calm them and make them Feel Better," he said. "Also they need the money."

The Nobel Peace prize laureate will win about $1.5 million.

CNN's Joe Sterling contributed to this report.

text: CNN

text: Twitter

text: was

text: abuzz

text: Thursday

text: with

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Apple

text: visionary

text: Steve

text: Jobs

text: but

text: another

text: topic

text: was

text: gathering

text: steam

text: as

text: the

text: day

text: progressed

text: Who

text: will

text: win

text: this

text: year

text: 's

text: coveted

text: Nobel

text: Peace

text: Prize

text: Not

text: Jobs

text: though

text: many

text: among

text: his

text: huge

text: global

text: following

text: posted

text: messages

text: that

text: he

text: should

text: The

text: Nobel

text: is

text: never

text: awarded

text: posthumously

text: and

text: that

text: rule

text: also

text: eliminates

text: Mohamed

text: Bouazizi

text: the

text: unemployed

text: college

text: graduate

text: whose

text: self

text: immolation

text: in

text: Tunisia

text: sparked

text: a

text: popular

text: uprising

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Zine

text: al

text: Abidine

text: Ben

text: Ali

text: 's

text: government

text: The

text: Tunisian

text: revolt

text: began

text: this

text: year

text: 's

text: so

text: called

text: Arab

text: Spring

text: Some

text: years

text: there

text: are

text: clear

text: frontrunners

text: Martin

text: Luther

text: King

text: Jr.

text: Mother

text: Teresa

text: Nelson

text: Mandela

text: Aung

text: San

text: Suu

text: Kyi

text: This

text: year

text: it

text: 's

text: anyone

text: 's

text: guess

text: with

text: a

text: record

text: number

text: of

text: nominations

text: received

text: by

text: the

text: Nobel

text: committee

text: Of

text: those

text: are

text: organizations

text: including

text: WikiLeaks

text: the

text: website

text: founded

text: by

text: Julian

text: Assange

text: that

text: facilitates

text: the

text: publication

text: of

text: classified

text: information

text: and

text: made

text: headlines

text: for

text: leaking

text: documents

text: and

text: videos

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: wars

text: in

text: Iraq

text: and

text: Afghanistan

text: It

text: also

text: released

text: thousands

text: of

text: U.S.

text: diplomatic

text: cables

text: Liu

text: Xiabao

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Peace

text: Prize

text: last

text: year

text: for

text: his

text: struggle

text: for

text: human

text: rights

text: democracy

text: and

text: freedom

text: of

text: speech

text: in

text: China

text: blogged

text: Norwegian

text: lawmaker

text: Snorre

text: Valen

text: of

text: the

text: Socialist

text: Left

text: Party

text: who

text: nominated

text: WikiLeaks

text: Likewise

text: WikiLeaks

text: have

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: struggle

text: for

text: those

text: very

text: values

text: globally

text: by

text: exposing

text: among

text: many

text: other

text: things

text: corruption

text: war

text: crimes

text: and

text: torture

text: some

text: times

text: even

text: conducted

text: by

text: allies

text: of

text: Norway

text: Liu

text: 's

text: win

text: upset

text: the

text: Chinese

text: and

text: set

text: off

text: a

text: diplomatic

text: squabble

text: The

text: year

text: before

text: the

text: world

text: gasped

text: collectively

text: at

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: 's

text: win

text: a

text: shocker

text: that

text: the

text: U.S.

text: president

text: had

text: won

text: even

text: before

text: he

text: had

text: completed

text: his

text: first

text: year

text: in

text: office

text: Despite

text: the

text: controversy

text: that

text: has

text: swirled

text: around

text: perhaps

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: prestigious

text: prize

text: some

text: experts

text: say

text: this

text: year

text: is

text: a

text: no

text: brainer

text: given

text: the

text: seismic

text: events

text: that

text: have

text: gripped

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: Kristian

text: Berg

text: Harpviken

text: director

text: of

text: Norway

text: 's

text: Peace

text: Research

text: Institute

text: Oslo

text: shortlisted

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: who

text: did

text: their

text: share

text: in

text: fomenting

text: peaceful

text: revolts

text: against

text: repressive

text: regimes

text: Harpviken

text: 's

text: top

text: choice

text: is

text: Israa

text: Abdel

text: Fattah

text: who

text: helped

text: organize

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: online

text: April

text: Youth

text: Movement

text: in

text: She

text: was

text: arrested

text: by

text: Egyptian

text: security

text: that

text: year

text: and

text: soon

text: became

text: a

text: symbol

text: of

text: defiance

text: against

text: Hosni

text: Mubarak

text: 's

text: government

text: She

text: has

text: earned

text: the

text: monikers

text: cyber

text: dissident

text: and

text: Facebook

text: girl

text: and

text: was

text: named

text: one

text: of

text: Arabian

text: Business

text: Magazine

text: 's

text: most

text: powerful

text: women

text: in

text: The

text: peace

text: research

text: institute

text: 's

text: website

text: said

text: that

text: Fattah

text: is

text: a

text: good

text: choice

text: because

text: the

text: Nobel

text: committee

text: has

text: emphasized

text: its

text: wish

text: to

text: be

text: relevant

text: to

text: speak

text: to

text: dominant

text: themes

text: of

text: the

text: present

text: and

text: to

text: see

text: the

text: prize

text: giving

text: leverage

text: in

text: unfolding

text: processes

text: Secondly

text: Harpviken

text: believes

text: that

text: the

text: prize

text: is

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: awarded

text: to

text: a

text: female

text: leader

text: or

text: activist

text: who

text: has

text: been

text: an

text: innovator

text: of

text: new

text: tools

text: for

text: bringing

text: about

text: peace

text: Another

text: potential

text: winner

text: is

text: Wael

text: Ghonim

text: the

text: former

text: Google

text: executive

text: who

text: used

text: social

text: media

text: to

text: jump

text: start

text: social

text: change

text: in

text: Egypt

text: Ghonim

text: fired

text: off

text: a

text: steady

text: stream

text: of

text: messages

text: on

text: Twitter

text: and

text: Facebook

text: and

text: worked

text: behind

text: the

text: scenes

text: to

text: galvanize

text: thousands

text: to

text: march

text: on

text: the

text: streets

text: to

text: demand

text: change

text: Tunisian

text: blogger

text: Lina

text: Ben

text: Mhenni

text: is

text: also

text: on

text: many

text: top

text: lists

text: Censored

text: in

text: her

text: own

text: country

text: she

text: criticized

text: the

text: regime

text: long

text: before

text: the

text: uprisings

text: began

text: dispersing

text: information

text: to

text: the

text: outside

text: world

text: A

text: prize

text: to

text: Mhenni

text: would

text: be

text: a

text: prize

text: to

text: independent

text: reporting

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: social

text: media

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: recognition

text: of

text: the

text: peaceful

text: protests

text: of

text: the

text: Tunisian

text: people

text: at

text: large

text: the

text: peace

text: institute

text: website

text: said

text: Some

text: experts

text: think

text: that

text: Gene

text: Sharp

text: an

text: American

text: scholar

text: who

text: founded

text: the

text: Albert

text: Einstein

text: Institution

text: in

text: Boston

text: could

text: be

text: recognized

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: principles

text: of

text: non

text: violence

text: including

text: From

text: Dictatorship

text: to

text: Democracy

text: The

text: downloadable

text: writings

text: in

text: many

text: languages

text: have

text: proved

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: inspiration

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: including

text: the

text: uprisings

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: North

text: Africa

text: Harpviken

text: also

text: named

text: Memorial

text: a

text: Russian

text: civil

text: rights

text: group

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: fight

text: for

text: to

text: protect

text: refugees

text: and

text: victims

text: of

text: political

text: persecution

text: and

text: human

text: rights

text: violations

text: in

text: war

text: zones

text: Natalya

text: Estemirova

text: Memorial

text: 's

text: lead

text: researcher

text: in

text: the

text: Chechen

text: republic

text: was

text: abducted

text: and

text: killed

text: in

text: July

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Watch

text: said

text: it

text: appeared

text: to

text: be

text: clearly

text: connected

text: to

text: her

text: work

text: uncovering

text: human

text: rights

text: violations

text: in

text: Chechnya

text: Bookmakers

text: Paddy

text: Power

text: listed

text: Sima

text: Samar

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Afghan

text: Independent

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Commission

text: as

text: a

text: favorite

text: at

text: odds

text: A

text: physician

text: and

text: trailblazer

text: for

text: women

text: 's

text: rights

text: Samar

text: was

text: named

text: deputy

text: premier

text: after

text: the

text: toppling

text: of

text: the

text: Taliban

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: woman

text: to

text: win

text: such

text: a

text: high

text: government

text: post

text: She

text: has

text: been

text: threatened

text: with

text: death

text: and

text: harassed

text: for

text: questioning

text: conservative

text: Islamic

text: laws

text: and

text: practices

text: including

text: the

text: burqua

text: the

text: head

text: to

text: toe

text: garment

text: Afghan

text: women

text: have

text: been

text: forced

text: to

text: wear

text: Paddy

text: Power

text: picked

text: the

text: right

text: winner

text: last

text: year

text: That

text: bodes

text: well

text: for

text: Samar

text: Other

text: names

text: on

text: global

text: shortlists

text: include

text: Aung

text: San

text: Suu

text: Kyi

text: the

text: Burmese

text: pro

text: democracy

text: leader

text: who

text: was

text: released

text: from

text: house

text: arrest

text: last

text: year

text: Suu

text: Kyi

text: is

text: already

text: a

text: Nobel

text: laureate

text: she

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: peace

text: price

text: in

text: No

text: individual

text: has

text: won

text: it

text: twice

text: though

text: two

text: organizations

text: the

text: International

text: Committee

text: of

text: the

text: Red

text: Cross

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: High

text: Commissioner

text: for

text: Refugees

text: are

text: repeat

text: winners

text: German

text: Chancellor

text: Helmut

text: Kohl

text: Cuban

text: dissident

text: Oswaldo

text: Payas

text: Sardinas

text: Ghazi

text: bin

text: Muhammad

text: a

text: Jordanian

text: advocate

text: of

text: interfaith

text: dialogue

text: The

text: winner

text: will

text: be

text: announced

text: Friday

text: Until

text: then

text: the

text: speculation

text: continues

text: to

text: heat

text: up

text: Twitter

text: user

text: Alu

text: Abunimah

text: @avinunu

text: offered

text: one

text: last

text: candidate

text: for

text: consideration

text: to

text: his

text: more

text: than

text: followers

text: Maybe

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Peace

text: Prize

text: will

text: go

text: to

text: The

text: Markets

text: to

text: help

text: Calm

text: them

text: and

text: make

text: them

text: Feel

text: Better

text: he

text: said

text: Also

text: they

text: need

text: the

text: money

text: The

text: Nobel

text: Peace

text: prize

text: laureate

text: will

text: win

text: about

text: million

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Joe

text: Sterling

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: Who do they think will win the peace prize?

answer: Israa Abdel Fattah,

text: Israa Abdel Fattah,

question: How many nominations did the Nobel committee receive this year?

answer: 241

question: what did many experts say an Arab Spring nominee will win?

answer: Nobel Peace Prize?

text: Nobel Peace Prize?

question: Who is the founder of WikiLeaks?

answer: Julian Assange

text: Julian Assange

question: When will the winner be announced?

answer: Friday.

text: Friday.

question: What is WikiLeaks?

answer: the website founded by Julian Assange that facilitates the publication of classified information

text: the website founded by Julian Assange that facilitates the publication of classified information

question: Many experts believe which nominee will win the peace prize?

answer: Israa Abdel Fattah,

text: Israa Abdel Fattah,

question: Who can submit nominations to the committee?

answer: Norway's Peace Research Institute Oslo

text: Norway's Peace Research Institute Oslo


text:
(CNN) -- Rape has turned into a weapon of war in the Democratic Republic of Congo, with the number of attacks on women having grown threefold over the past few years, human rights activists said Friday.

A Congolese rape victim, left, at the Heal Africa clinic in Goma on August 8, 2009.

Anneke van Woudenberg, senior researcher with Human Rights Watch, told Christiane Amanpour that 200,000 women and girls have been raped in Eastern Congo since 1998, and the condition of women has become more dire as the Congolese army has pressed a military campaign against armed groups in the countryside.

"Rape is being used as a weapon of war in eastern Congo. So we notice and we have documented that when armed groups walk into town, they will rape the women and girls, sometimes publicly, sometimes privately, in order to punish the local population," she said. "It's the easiest way to terrorize a community."

Congo has witnessed one of the worst humanitarian crises since World War II, with a death toll estimated at more than 5 million. Most of the dead have come not from direct violence, but the consequences of the fighting: disease and starvation. While the war formally ended six years ago, fighting persists in eastern Congo, and women are paying a high price.  CNN visits a devastated community Â»

"One of the other sad realities is that the majority of those who are raped are adolescent girls, 12-year-olds, 13-year-olds, 14-year-olds. Their lives are often ruined by this. And I think we've got to take more seriously -- protection of civilians is not just protecting them from death. It's protecting them from rape," van Woudenberg said. Listen to more from van Woudenberg

There have also been reports of members of the Congolese army, particularly high ranking officers, attacking women. In May, the United Nations handed over the names of five top military officers accused of rape. Two of the senior officers are being detained in the capital of Kinshasa and the three others must report to authorities under close observation. They are awaiting trial.

Still more must be done, aid groups say, starting with the establishment of a special court made up of Congolese and international judges and prosecutors to investigate rape allegations.

"I think they've got to start holding to account the generals and colonels who are either themselves responsible or who allow their troops to rape. And so far, those are the guys that have been untouchable," said van Woudenberg. "No general has yet been held to account in Congo for rape, and it's high time that that changes."

Congo has taken some measures to try to curb the sexual violence. In 2006, its parliament passed a law criminalizing rape, with penalties ranging from five to 20 years. Penalties are doubled under certain circumstances, including gang-rape and if the perpetrator is a public official.

Kabila's wife, Olive Lemba Kabila, has launched a public campaign speaking out against rapes of the nation's women and girls.

The army has also started a zero-tolerance campaign in which commanders have emphasized to troops that they must respect human rights and protect civilians from harm, according to the U.N.

The United Nations maintains in Congo its largest peacekeeping force anywhere in the world. But the forces have been ineffective at stopping rape.

Jean-Marie Guehenno, the former head of U.N. peacekeeping, told Amanpour that the international forces face a serious problem: Too few troops assigned to the vast inaccessible reaches of eastern Congo.

"In the Kivu provinces, there are 10 million people," Guehenno said. "If one applied the counterinsurgency ratios that the U.S. Army thinks of -- say, 20 per 1,000 -- that would mean 200,000 troops in Congo -- 200,000 accountable troops."

"The U.N. is in a tough spot, to be frank, because if it did not give any support to the Congolese army, probably the Congolese army might prey even more on the population," Guehenno said.

Part of the problem stems from the tactic applied by the Congolese government to quell previous armed rebellions against Kinshasa by incorporating insurgents into the ranks of the national army, leading to a military that paid scant attention to human rights, and the rights of women in particular.

"What needs to be done is to have a state in Congo that can control its territory and that has the confidence of the people," Guehenno said. "The violence in the Kivu, the violence in Ituri, it is the result of a vacuum, the fact that there is no administration, there is no credible state, there is no justice. And so that vacuum is being occupied by various militias.

"And, unfortunately, when the Congolese army integrates a militia without sorting between the killers and those who could be integrated, it just adds to the problem."

Van Woudenberg called for international pressure to force the Congolese army to bring abusers to justice.

"My worst fear is that we're going to continue to see those individuals responsible for rape being promoted. My hope is that the women and girls of -- of eastern Congo in particular -- will continue to speak out. I think we've seen immense courage from those women and girls to say, 'No, we've had enough.'"

text: CNN

text: Rape

text: has

text: turned

text: into

text: a

text: weapon

text: of

text: war

text: in

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Congo

text: with

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: attacks

text: on

text: women

text: having

text: grown

text: threefold

text: over

text: the

text: past

text: few

text: years

text: human

text: rights

text: activists

text: said

text: Friday

text: A

text: Congolese

text: rape

text: victim

text: left

text: at

text: the

text: Heal

text: Africa

text: clinic

text: in

text: Goma

text: on

text: August

text: Anneke

text: van

text: Woudenberg

text: senior

text: researcher

text: with

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Watch

text: told

text: Christiane

text: Amanpour

text: that

text: women

text: and

text: girls

text: have

text: been

text: raped

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Congo

text: since

text: and

text: the

text: condition

text: of

text: women

text: has

text: become

text: more

text: dire

text: as

text: the

text: Congolese

text: army

text: has

text: pressed

text: a

text: military

text: campaign

text: against

text: armed

text: groups

text: in

text: the

text: countryside

text: Rape

text: is

text: being

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: weapon

text: of

text: war

text: in

text: eastern

text: Congo

text: So

text: we

text: notice

text: and

text: we

text: have

text: documented

text: that

text: when

text: armed

text: groups

text: walk

text: into

text: town

text: they

text: will

text: rape

text: the

text: women

text: and

text: girls

text: sometimes

text: publicly

text: sometimes

text: privately

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: punish

text: the

text: local

text: population

text: she

text: said

text: It

text: 's

text: the

text: easiest

text: way

text: to

text: terrorize

text: a

text: community

text: Congo

text: has

text: witnessed

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: worst

text: humanitarian

text: crises

text: since

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: with

text: a

text: death

text: toll

text: estimated

text: at

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: dead

text: have

text: come

text: not

text: from

text: direct

text: violence

text: but

text: the

text: consequences

text: of

text: the

text: fighting

text: disease

text: and

text: starvation

text: While

text: the

text: war

text: formally

text: ended

text: six

text: years

text: ago

text: fighting

text: persists

text: in

text: eastern

text: Congo

text: and

text: women

text: are

text: paying

text: a

text: high

text: price

text: CNN

text: visits

text: a

text: devastated

text: community

text: Â

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: sad

text: realities

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: are

text: raped

text: are

text: adolescent

text: girls

text: olds

text: olds

text: olds

text: Their

text: lives

text: are

text: often

text: ruined

text: by

text: this

text: And

text: I

text: think

text: we

text: 've

text: got

text: to

text: take

text: more

text: seriously

text: protection

text: of

text: civilians

text: is

text: not

text: just

text: protecting

text: them

text: from

text: death

text: It

text: 's

text: protecting

text: them

text: from

text: rape

text: van

text: Woudenberg

text: said

text: Listen

text: to

text: more

text: from

text: van

text: Woudenberg

text: There

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: reports

text: of

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Congolese

text: army

text: particularly

text: high

text: ranking

text: officers

text: attacking

text: women

text: In

text: May

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: handed

text: over

text: the

text: names

text: of

text: five

text: top

text: military

text: officers

text: accused

text: of

text: rape

text: Two

text: of

text: the

text: senior

text: officers

text: are

text: being

text: detained

text: in

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Kinshasa

text: and

text: the

text: three

text: others

text: must

text: report

text: to

text: authorities

text: under

text: close

text: observation

text: They

text: are

text: awaiting

text: trial

text: Still

text: more

text: must

text: be

text: done

text: aid

text: groups

text: say

text: starting

text: with

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: a

text: special

text: court

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: Congolese

text: and

text: international

text: judges

text: and

text: prosecutors

text: to

text: investigate

text: rape

text: allegations

text: I

text: think

text: they

text: 've

text: got

text: to

text: start

text: holding

text: to

text: account

text: the

text: generals

text: and

text: colonels

text: who

text: are

text: either

text: themselves

text: responsible

text: or

text: who

text: allow

text: their

text: troops

text: to

text: rape

text: And

text: so

text: far

text: those

text: are

text: the

text: guys

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: untouchable

text: said

text: van

text: Woudenberg

text: No

text: general

text: has

text: yet

text: been

text: held

text: to

text: account

text: in

text: Congo

text: for

text: rape

text: and

text: it

text: 's

text: high

text: time

text: that

text: that

text: changes

text: Congo

text: has

text: taken

text: some

text: measures

text: to

text: try

text: to

text: curb

text: the

text: sexual

text: violence

text: In

text: its

text: parliament

text: passed

text: a

text: law

text: criminalizing

text: rape

text: with

text: penalties

text: ranging

text: from

text: five

text: to

text: years

text: Penalties

text: are

text: doubled

text: under

text: certain

text: circumstances

text: including

text: gang

text: rape

text: and

text: if

text: the

text: perpetrator

text: is

text: a

text: public

text: official

text: Kabila

text: 's

text: wife

text: Olive

text: Lemba

text: Kabila

text: has

text: launched

text: a

text: public

text: campaign

text: speaking

text: out

text: against

text: rapes

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: women

text: and

text: girls

text: The

text: army

text: has

text: also

text: started

text: a

text: zero

text: tolerance

text: campaign

text: in

text: which

text: commanders

text: have

text: emphasized

text: to

text: troops

text: that

text: they

text: must

text: respect

text: human

text: rights

text: and

text: protect

text: civilians

text: from

text: harm

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: U.N.

text: The

text: United

text: Nations

text: maintains

text: in

text: Congo

text: its

text: largest

text: peacekeeping

text: force

text: anywhere

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: But

text: the

text: forces

text: have

text: been

text: ineffective

text: at

text: stopping

text: rape

text: Jean

text: Marie

text: Guehenno

text: the

text: former

text: head

text: of

text: U.N.

text: peacekeeping

text: told

text: Amanpour

text: that

text: the

text: international

text: forces

text: face

text: a

text: serious

text: problem

text: Too

text: few

text: troops

text: assigned

text: to

text: the

text: vast

text: inaccessible

text: reaches

text: of

text: eastern

text: Congo

text: In

text: the

text: Kivu

text: provinces

text: there

text: are

text: million

text: people

text: Guehenno

text: said

text: If

text: one

text: applied

text: the

text: counterinsurgency

text: ratios

text: that

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: thinks

text: of

text: say

text: per

text: that

text: would

text: mean

text: troops

text: in

text: Congo

text: accountable

text: troops

text: The

text: U.N.

text: is

text: in

text: a

text: tough

text: spot

text: to

text: be

text: frank

text: because

text: if

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: give

text: any

text: support

text: to

text: the

text: Congolese

text: army

text: probably

text: the

text: Congolese

text: army

text: might

text: prey

text: even

text: more

text: on

text: the

text: population

text: Guehenno

text: said

text: Part

text: of

text: the

text: problem

text: stems

text: from

text: the

text: tactic

text: applied

text: by

text: the

text: Congolese

text: government

text: to

text: quell

text: previous

text: armed

text: rebellions

text: against

text: Kinshasa

text: by

text: incorporating

text: insurgents

text: into

text: the

text: ranks

text: of

text: the

text: national

text: army

text: leading

text: to

text: a

text: military

text: that

text: paid

text: scant

text: attention

text: to

text: human

text: rights

text: and

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: women

text: in

text: particular

text: What

text: needs

text: to

text: be

text: done

text: is

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: state

text: in

text: Congo

text: that

text: can

text: control

text: its

text: territory

text: and

text: that

text: has

text: the

text: confidence

text: of

text: the

text: people

text: Guehenno

text: said

text: The

text: violence

text: in

text: the

text: Kivu

text: the

text: violence

text: in

text: Ituri

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: a

text: vacuum

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: administration

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: credible

text: state

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: justice

text: And

text: so

text: that

text: vacuum

text: is

text: being

text: occupied

text: by

text: various

text: militias

text: And

text: unfortunately

text: when

text: the

text: Congolese

text: army

text: integrates

text: a

text: militia

text: without

text: sorting

text: between

text: the

text: killers

text: and

text: those

text: who

text: could

text: be

text: integrated

text: it

text: just

text: adds

text: to

text: the

text: problem

text: Van

text: Woudenberg

text: called

text: for

text: international

text: pressure

text: to

text: force

text: the

text: Congolese

text: army

text: to

text: bring

text: abusers

text: to

text: justice

text: My

text: worst

text: fear

text: is

text: that

text: we

text: 're

text: going

text: to

text: continue

text: to

text: see

text: those

text: individuals

text: responsible

text: for

text: rape

text: being

text: promoted

text: My

text: hope

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: women

text: and

text: girls

text: of

text: of

text: eastern

text: Congo

text: in

text: particular

text: will

text: continue

text: to

text: speak

text: out

text: I

text: think

text: we

text: 've

text: seen

text: immense

text: courage

text: from

text: those

text: women

text: and

text: girls

text: to

text: say

text: No

text: we

text: 've

text: had

text: enough

question: What number of people in Congo die from disease and hunger resulting from the fighting?

answer: 5 million.

text: 5 million.

question: How many women, girls raped in eastern Congo?

answer: 200,000

question: who is the army fighting in Congo?

answer: armed groups in the countryside.

text: armed groups in the countryside.

question: How many women and girls have been raped in the Eastern Congo since 1998?

answer: 200,000

question: How many have died in Congo?

answer: more than 5 million.

text: more than 5 million.

question: What are some results from fighting?

answer: disease and starvation.

text: disease and starvation.

question: How many women are girls are raped in Eastern Congo since 1998?

answer: 200,000


text:
(CNN) -- Russian energy monopoly Gazprom on Wednesday said it would stop natural gas deliveries to Ukraine over a dispute about payments.

Gazprom chief executive Alexei Miller accused Ukraine of using the issue as "a political bargaining chip."

Gazprom chief Alexey Miller said talks with Ukraine have been "unproductive" and accused Ukraine of using the issue as "a political bargaining chip."

"The talks with Ukraine haven't brought any concrete result ... Gazprom hasn't received any money from Ukraine as payment for the supplies of Russian gas," Miller said in a statement on the Gazprom Web site.

The state-controlled Gazprom said supplies to its other European customers would not be affected by Ukraine's cut-off, which the company said would take place at 10 a.m. Thursday (2 a.m. ET).

Ukrainian Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko also assured the European Union that there would be no disruptions in deliveries, the Kiev Post reported.

Ukrainian President Viktor Yuschenko called "for every effort to be made for the earliest possible signature of an agreement with Russia," Yuschenko energy security commissioner, Bohdan Sokolovsky, told the Russian news agency Interfax on Wednesday evening.  Watch a report on Gazprom's threats to cut off gas supplies to Ukraine Â»

It is the second time in three years Gazprom has threatened to cut off gas supplies to Ukraine. The company made good on its threat on January 1, 2006, but turned the spigots back on a day later.

Russia, the world's biggest producer of natural gas, supplies Europe with more than 40 percent of its imports -- mainly via pipelines that cross the former Soviet republic of Ukraine.

Ukraine owes Gazprom about $2 billion for past natural gas deliveries. Ukraine's state-controlled energy company, Naftogaz Ukrainy, initially denied it owed the payment to Gazprom, but later retreated from that claim.

The Kiev Post reported Tuesday that Naftogaz said it had paid $1.5 billion toward the debt, but Gazprom said it had not received the payment.

Also at issue is Gazprom's contract for 2009 deliveries. Gazprom had wanted to more than double Ukraine's payments, but on Wednesday offered a much lesser payment of $250 per 1,000 cubic meters of gas. Ukraine, which currently pays about $100 per 1,000 cubic meters, balked at that figure.

"We have heard a negative reply to the offers from the Russian side on the favorable terms of gas supply to Ukraine in 2009, and we are getting the impression that there are political forces in Ukraine which have a strong interest in the gas standoff between our two countries," Miller said.

text: CNN

text: Russian

text: energy

text: monopoly

text: Gazprom

text: on

text: Wednesday

text: said

text: it

text: would

text: stop

text: natural

text: gas

text: deliveries

text: to

text: Ukraine

text: over

text: a

text: dispute

text: about

text: payments

text: Gazprom

text: chief

text: executive

text: Alexei

text: Miller

text: accused

text: Ukraine

text: of

text: using

text: the

text: issue

text: as

text: a

text: political

text: bargaining

text: chip

text: Gazprom

text: chief

text: Alexey

text: Miller

text: said

text: talks

text: with

text: Ukraine

text: have

text: been

text: unproductive

text: and

text: accused

text: Ukraine

text: of

text: using

text: the

text: issue

text: as

text: a

text: political

text: bargaining

text: chip

text: The

text: talks

text: with

text: Ukraine

text: have

text: n't

text: brought

text: any

text: concrete

text: result

text: Gazprom

text: has

text: n't

text: received

text: any

text: money

text: from

text: Ukraine

text: as

text: payment

text: for

text: the

text: supplies

text: of

text: Russian

text: gas

text: Miller

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: statement

text: on

text: the

text: Gazprom

text: Web

text: site

text: The

text: state

text: controlled

text: Gazprom

text: said

text: supplies

text: to

text: its

text: other

text: European

text: customers

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: affected

text: by

text: Ukraine

text: 's

text: cut

text: off

text: which

text: the

text: company

text: said

text: would

text: take

text: place

text: at

text: a.m.

text: Thursday

text: a.m.

text: ET

text: Ukrainian

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Yulia

text: Tymoshenko

text: also

text: assured

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: that

text: there

text: would

text: be

text: no

text: disruptions

text: in

text: deliveries

text: the

text: Kiev

text: Post

text: reported

text: Ukrainian

text: President

text: Viktor

text: Yuschenko

text: called

text: for

text: every

text: effort

text: to

text: be

text: made

text: for

text: the

text: earliest

text: possible

text: signature

text: of

text: an

text: agreement

text: with

text: Russia

text: Yuschenko

text: energy

text: security

text: commissioner

text: Bohdan

text: Sokolovsky

text: told

text: the

text: Russian

text: news

text: agency

text: Interfax

text: on

text: Wednesday

text: evening

text: Watch

text: a

text: report

text: on

text: Gazprom

text: 's

text: threats

text: to

text: cut

text: off

text: gas

text: supplies

text: to

text: Ukraine

text: Â

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: time

text: in

text: three

text: years

text: Gazprom

text: has

text: threatened

text: to

text: cut

text: off

text: gas

text: supplies

text: to

text: Ukraine

text: The

text: company

text: made

text: good

text: on

text: its

text: threat

text: on

text: January

text: but

text: turned

text: the

text: spigots

text: back

text: on

text: a

text: day

text: later

text: Russia

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: biggest

text: producer

text: of

text: natural

text: gas

text: supplies

text: Europe

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: percent

text: of

text: its

text: imports

text: mainly

text: via

text: pipelines

text: that

text: cross

text: the

text: former

text: Soviet

text: republic

text: of

text: Ukraine

text: Ukraine

text: owes

text: Gazprom

text: about

text: billion

text: for

text: past

text: natural

text: gas

text: deliveries

text: Ukraine

text: 's

text: state

text: controlled

text: energy

text: company

text: Naftogaz

text: Ukrainy

text: initially

text: denied

text: it

text: owed

text: the

text: payment

text: to

text: Gazprom

text: but

text: later

text: retreated

text: from

text: that

text: claim

text: The

text: Kiev

text: Post

text: reported

text: Tuesday

text: that

text: Naftogaz

text: said

text: it

text: had

text: paid

text: billion

text: toward

text: the

text: debt

text: but

text: Gazprom

text: said

text: it

text: had

text: not

text: received

text: the

text: payment

text: Also

text: at

text: issue

text: is

text: Gazprom

text: 's

text: contract

text: for

text: deliveries

text: Gazprom

text: had

text: wanted

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: double

text: Ukraine

text: 's

text: payments

text: but

text: on

text: Wednesday

text: offered

text: a

text: much

text: lesser

text: payment

text: of

text: per

text: cubic

text: meters

text: of

text: gas

text: Ukraine

text: which

text: currently

text: pays

text: about

text: per

text: cubic

text: meters

text: balked

text: at

text: that

text: figure

text: We

text: have

text: heard

text: a

text: negative

text: reply

text: to

text: the

text: offers

text: from

text: the

text: Russian

text: side

text: on

text: the

text: favorable

text: terms

text: of

text: gas

text: supply

text: to

text: Ukraine

text: in

text: and

text: we

text: are

text: getting

text: the

text: impression

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: political

text: forces

text: in

text: Ukraine

text: which

text: have

text: a

text: strong

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: gas

text: standoff

text: between

text: our

text: two

text: countries

text: Miller

text: said

question: Where is Gazprom headquarters?

answer: Russia,"

text: Russia,"

question: What country has an outstanding debt for natural gas?

answer: Ukraine

text: Ukraine

question: What time will Gazprom cut gas supply?

answer: 10 a.m. Thursday (2 a.m. ET).

text: 10 a.m. Thursday (2 a.m. ET).

question: When did Gazprom resume the flow of gas?

answer: a day later.

text: a day later.

question: Who owes Gazprom money?

answer: Ukraine

text: Ukraine

question: What did Gazprom do on January 1, 2006?

answer: cut off gas supplies to Ukraine.

text: cut off gas supplies to Ukraine.

question: What is the name of the Russian gas giant?

answer: Gazprom

text: Gazprom

question: Date that Gazprom cut supplies?

answer: January 1, 2006,

text: January 1, 2006,

question: Amount that Ukraine owes to Gazprom?

answer: $2 billion

text: $2 billion

question: When did Gazprom cut supplies before?

answer: January 1, 2006,

text: January 1, 2006,

question: When will Gazprom say it will cut the gas supply?

answer: would take place at 10 a.m. Thursday (2 a.m. ET).

text: would take place at 10 a.m. Thursday (2 a.m. ET).


text:
(CNN) -- Political and anti-war activists in the Midwest said they were the target Friday of searches the FBI called part of an investigation into the "material support of terrorism."

Warrants led to the search of five residences and one office in Minneapolis, Minnesota, said FBI spokesman Steve Warfield, who said there were no arrests. Two other searches were conducted in Chicago, Illinois.

Activist Tom Burke in Chicago said he and others in Minnesota, Illinois and Michigan were served subpoenas to testify before a grand jury. He also said computer hard drives were taken from locations in both cities, as well as a cell phone in Minneapolis.

Warfield would not comment on that statement or provide details of the searches.

He also would not discuss the investigation, other than indicating it is the work of a joint task force on terrorism.

The Minneapolis searches were concluded by mid-afternoon Friday, Warfield said. Burke said many agents were still at a Chicago location Friday afternoon.

A coalition of groups represented on the Fight Back website released a statement condemning the raids as "harassment."

"We see them as a way to impair our freedom of speech," said Burke, a member of the Colombia Action Network. "We've done nothing wrong."

The coalition came together after a large anti-war protest at the Republication National Convention in Minneapolis-St. Paul in 2008, Burke said.

"We agree the U.S. should treat neighbors in peaceful ways," said Burke, pointing to conflict in the Middle East and Colombia. "We think they [the FBI] are on a fishing expedition."

Among the groups the activists are involved with are the Palestine Solidarity Group, the Freedom Road Socialist Organization, the Twin Cities Anti-War Committee, and Students for a Democratic Society, which was active during the Vietnam War.

One of the apartments searched in Minneapolis belongs to Mick Kelly, an anti-war and government protestor, CNN affiliate KARE reported. Kelly said the search warrant indicated agents were looking for evidence of his travels to Latin America and Palestine.

Jessica Sundin of the Twin Cities Anti-War Committee told CNN agents took a hard drive, paper files, photos, a cell phone and her passport during a search of her Minneapolis residence Friday.

Denying any wrongdoing, Sundin said she was given a subpoena to appear next month before a grand jury in Chicago. She said she will not cooperate with federal investigators, but will talk to lawyers before deciding whether to appear.

Sending American weapons and troops abroad is not the solution to international problems, Sundin said.

"We've been unapologetic in our opposition to U.S. intervention," she said.

The task force carrying out the raids comprised a number of local and federal agencies, KARE said.

CNN's Katherine Wojtecki contributed to this article

text: CNN

text: Political

text: and

text: anti

text: war

text: activists

text: in

text: the

text: Midwest

text: said

text: they

text: were

text: the

text: target

text: Friday

text: of

text: searches

text: the

text: FBI

text: called

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: investigation

text: into

text: the

text: material

text: support

text: of

text: terrorism

text: Warrants

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: search

text: of

text: five

text: residences

text: and

text: one

text: office

text: in

text: Minneapolis

text: Minnesota

text: said

text: FBI

text: spokesman

text: Steve

text: Warfield

text: who

text: said

text: there

text: were

text: no

text: arrests

text: Two

text: other

text: searches

text: were

text: conducted

text: in

text: Chicago

text: Illinois

text: Activist

text: Tom

text: Burke

text: in

text: Chicago

text: said

text: he

text: and

text: others

text: in

text: Minnesota

text: Illinois

text: and

text: Michigan

text: were

text: served

text: subpoenas

text: to

text: testify

text: before

text: a

text: grand

text: jury

text: He

text: also

text: said

text: computer

text: hard

text: drives

text: were

text: taken

text: from

text: locations

text: in

text: both

text: cities

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: cell

text: phone

text: in

text: Minneapolis

text: Warfield

text: would

text: not

text: comment

text: on

text: that

text: statement

text: or

text: provide

text: details

text: of

text: the

text: searches

text: He

text: also

text: would

text: not

text: discuss

text: the

text: investigation

text: other

text: than

text: indicating

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: a

text: joint

text: task

text: force

text: on

text: terrorism

text: The

text: Minneapolis

text: searches

text: were

text: concluded

text: by

text: mid

text: afternoon

text: Friday

text: Warfield

text: said

text: Burke

text: said

text: many

text: agents

text: were

text: still

text: at

text: a

text: Chicago

text: location

text: Friday

text: afternoon

text: A

text: coalition

text: of

text: groups

text: represented

text: on

text: the

text: Fight

text: Back

text: website

text: released

text: a

text: statement

text: condemning

text: the

text: raids

text: as

text: harassment

text: We

text: see

text: them

text: as

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: impair

text: our

text: freedom

text: of

text: speech

text: said

text: Burke

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Colombia

text: Action

text: Network

text: We

text: 've

text: done

text: nothing

text: wrong

text: The

text: coalition

text: came

text: together

text: after

text: a

text: large

text: anti

text: war

text: protest

text: at

text: the

text: Republication

text: National

text: Convention

text: in

text: Minneapolis

text: St

text: Paul

text: in

text: Burke

text: said

text: We

text: agree

text: the

text: U.S.

text: should

text: treat

text: neighbors

text: in

text: peaceful

text: ways

text: said

text: Burke

text: pointing

text: to

text: conflict

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: Colombia

text: We

text: think

text: they

text: the

text: FBI

text: are

text: on

text: a

text: fishing

text: expedition

text: Among

text: the

text: groups

text: the

text: activists

text: are

text: involved

text: with

text: are

text: the

text: Palestine

text: Solidarity

text: Group

text: the

text: Freedom

text: Road

text: Socialist

text: Organization

text: the

text: Twin

text: Cities

text: Anti

text: War

text: Committee

text: and

text: Students

text: for

text: a

text: Democratic

text: Society

text: which

text: was

text: active

text: during

text: the

text: Vietnam

text: War

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: apartments

text: searched

text: in

text: Minneapolis

text: belongs

text: to

text: Mick

text: Kelly

text: an

text: anti

text: war

text: and

text: government

text: protestor

text: CNN

text: affiliate

text: KARE

text: reported

text: Kelly

text: said

text: the

text: search

text: warrant

text: indicated

text: agents

text: were

text: looking

text: for

text: evidence

text: of

text: his

text: travels

text: to

text: Latin

text: America

text: and

text: Palestine

text: Jessica

text: Sundin

text: of

text: the

text: Twin

text: Cities

text: Anti

text: War

text: Committee

text: told

text: CNN

text: agents

text: took

text: a

text: hard

text: drive

text: paper

text: files

text: photos

text: a

text: cell

text: phone

text: and

text: her

text: passport

text: during

text: a

text: search

text: of

text: her

text: Minneapolis

text: residence

text: Friday

text: Denying

text: any

text: wrongdoing

text: Sundin

text: said

text: she

text: was

text: given

text: a

text: subpoena

text: to

text: appear

text: next

text: month

text: before

text: a

text: grand

text: jury

text: in

text: Chicago

text: She

text: said

text: she

text: will

text: not

text: cooperate

text: with

text: federal

text: investigators

text: but

text: will

text: talk

text: to

text: lawyers

text: before

text: deciding

text: whether

text: to

text: appear

text: Sending

text: American

text: weapons

text: and

text: troops

text: abroad

text: is

text: not

text: the

text: solution

text: to

text: international

text: problems

text: Sundin

text: said

text: We

text: 've

text: been

text: unapologetic

text: in

text: our

text: opposition

text: to

text: U.S.

text: intervention

text: she

text: said

text: The

text: task

text: force

text: carrying

text: out

text: the

text: raids

text: comprised

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: local

text: and

text: federal

text: agencies

text: KARE

text: said

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Katherine

text: Wojtecki

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: article

question: Who said hard drives were taken

answer: Activist Tom Burke

text: Activist Tom Burke

question: Where did FBI search homes?

answer: Minneapolis, Minnesota,

text: Minneapolis, Minnesota,

question: Where is the office?

answer: Minneapolis, Minnesota,

text: Minneapolis, Minnesota,

question: Who searched homes and offices

answer: FBI

text: FBI

question: Who says hard drives were taken during the searches?

answer: Tom Burke

text: Tom Burke

question: What is part of the probe

answer: anti-war activists in the Midwest

text: anti-war activists in the Midwest

question: What was taken during the searches?

answer: computer hard drives

text: computer hard drives

question: Who searches homes?

answer: FBI

text: FBI

question: What did the the FBI say?

answer: Warrants led to the search of five residences and one office in Minneapolis, Minnesota,

text: Warrants led to the search of five residences and one office in Minneapolis, Minnesota,