text:
New York City (CNN)  -- Four years ago, the devastating Hurricane Katrina affected millions in the United States. The initial medical response was ill-equipped, understaffed, poorly coordinated and delayed. Criticism was fierce.

The response to Haiti has been the same. The point no one seems to remember is this: Medical response to these situations cannot be delayed. Immediate access to emergency equipment is also crucial.

Within 24 hours of the earthquake, Dr. David Helfet put together a 13-member team of surgeons, anesthesiologists and operating room nurses, with a massive amount of orthopedic operating room equipment, ready to be flown directly to Port-au-Prince on a private plane.

We also had a plan to replace physicians and equipment -- within 24 hours, we could bring in whatever  was necessary on a private jet. We believe we had a reasonably comprehensive orthopedic trauma service; as trauma surgeons, we planned to provide acute care in the midst of an orthopedic disaster.

We expected many amputations. But we thought we could save limbs that were salvageable, particularly those of children. We recognized that in an underdeveloped country, a limb amputation may be a death sentence. It does not have to be so.

We thought our plan was a good one, but we soon learned we were incredibly naive. Disaster management in Haiti was nonexistent.

The difficulties in getting in -- despite the intelligence we had from people on the ground and Dr. Helfet's  connections with Partners in Health and Bill and Hillary Clinton -- only hinted at the difficulties we would have once we arrived.

We started out Friday morning and got a slot to get into Port-au-Prince on Friday. That was canceled when we were on the runway and was rescheduled for the next day. We were diverted to the Dominican Republic and planned on arriving in Port-au-Prince on Saturday.

That Saturday morning slot also was canceled and postponed until the afternoon. The airport had one runway and hundreds of planes trying to land.  But nobody was prioritizing the flights.

Once we finally landed, we were taken to the General Hospital in Port-au-Prince with our medical supplies. We had been told that this hospital was up and running with two functioning operating rooms.

Once we arrived,  we saw a severely damaged hospital with no running water and only limited electrical power, supplied by a generator. Surgeries were being performed in the equivalent of a large storage closet, where amputations were performed with hacksaws.

This facility could not nearly accommodate our equipment nor our expertise to treat the volume of injuries we saw.

We quickly took our second option: Community Hospital of Haiti, about two miles away. There, we found about 750 patients lying on the floor. But the facility had running water, electricity and two functional operating rooms.

We found scores of patients with pus dripping out of open extremity fractures and crush injuries. Some wounds were already ridden with maggots.

About a third of these victims were children. The entire hospital smelled of infected, rotting limbs and death. Later on, we would judge our surgical progress by the diminishment of the stench.

In our naÃ¯vetÃ©, we didn't expect that the two anesthesia machines would not work; that there would be only one cautery available in the entire hospital to stop bleeding; that an operating room sterilizer fit only instruments the size of a cigar box; that there would be no sterile saline, no functioning fluoroscopy machine, no blood for transfusions, no ability to do lab work; and the only local staff was a ragtag group of voluntary health providers who, like us, had made it there on their own.

As we got up and running and organized the patients for surgery, we told our contacts in the United States what we needed. More supplies were loaded for a second trip. Those  included a battery-operated pulse lavage, a huge supply of sterile saline and the soft goods we needed desperately in the operating room.

The plane landed as planned Sunday night, and the new equipment was loaded onto a truck. Then that truck, loaded with life-saving equipment, was hijacked somewhere between the airport and the hospital.

We had planned to run a marathon round-the-clock operation and leave at 11 p.m. Tuesday. We worked for 60-plus hours without stopping. The plane that would take us home would bring with it not only a new medical staff, but also equipment that was nonexistent in the hospital, or even the country.

These pieces of equipment, two of each, were urgently needed: portable anesthesiology machines; electrocautery machines to stop bleeding after amputations; portable monitors for the recovery room; autoclaves to sterilize equipment; and a lot of orthopedic equipment, which we were quickly using up. The other items were those that were on the previous flight and had been hijacked.

Officials at the Port-au-Prince airport canceled that plane's 6 a.m. Tuesday slot, and the plane never made it to us on time.

We had started to see daylight Monday night, having performed about 100 surgeries, which were mainly amputations, fixing broken limbs and soft tissue debridements. Many of the patients were children and babies.

But on Tuesday morning, a huge number of new patients arrived. The Haitians had heard we were trying to save limbs, and families were bringing their injured loved ones to us.

The hospital was forced to lock down, closing its gates to the angry and frustrated crowd outside. On Tuesday morning, we saw that many of the patients we had operated on were becoming septic and would require additional surgeries.

We finished operating at noon Tuesday, our last surgery assisting an obstetrician on a Caesarean section and helping to resuscitate a newborn who was not breathing.

We decided the situation was untenable. Our supplies were running out, our team was past exhaustion, safety was rapidly becoming a concern, and we had no firm plan to leave or resupply.

A hospital benefactor helped us get to the airport. First, Jamaican soldiers with M-16s escorted us out of the building as the crowd outside saw us abandoning the hospital. We made it to the airport on the back of a pickup, got onto the tarmac, hailed a commercial plane that had carried cargo to Haiti and was returning to Montreal, Canada, and had a private jet pick us up from there.

We were unprepared for what we saw in Haiti -- the vast amount of human devastation, the complete lack of medical infrastructure,  the lack of support from the Haitian medical community, the lack of organization on the ground.

No one was in charge. We had the first hospital in the Port-au-Prince area with functioning operating rooms, yet no one came to the hospital to assess how we did it or offer help.

The fact that the military could not or would not protect the critical resupply medical equipment on Sunday, or allow the Tuesday flight to come in, is devastating and merits intense investigation.

There was no security at the hospital. We needed a much higher level of security with  strong and clear support of the military from the very beginning.

The lack of support for our operation by the United States is shocking and embarrassing and shows how woefully unprepared we are for the realities of disasters. We came to understand that our isolated operation may work in a mission, but not in a disaster.

We first thought we would support those at the helm but soon realized we were almost the only early responders with the critical expertise and equipment to treat an orthopedic disaster such as this.

Still, nobody with a clear plan is in charge, and care is chaotic at best. Doctors are coming into the country with no plan of what they are going to do, and nobody directing them how to do it.

Surgeons who expect to show up and operate will be  mistaken. Without a complement of support staff and supplies, they are of limited to no value.

We left feeling as if we abandoned these patients, the country and its people, and we feel terrible.

Our role back in New York is to expose the inadequacies of the system in the hopes of effecting change immediately. Patients who are alive and still have their arms and legs remain in jeopardy unless an urgent response is implemented.

The quickest and most efficient way to really help now and support the medical staff on the ground is to assess needs, provide equipment and personnel in necessary quantities, and bring them safely and expeditiously into the country and to the hospital units caring for patients.

Upon our departure, we witnessed pallets of Cheerios and dry goods sitting on the tarmac helping nobody. Yet our flight of critical medical equipment and personnel had been canceled, and the equipment that did get through was hijacked.

We implore an official organization to step up and take charge of the massive ongoing medical effort that will be necessary to care for the people of Haiti and their children. And to do it now.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Drs. Dean Lorich, Soumitra Eachempati and David L. Helfet.

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: CNN

text: Four

text: years

text: ago

text: the

text: devastating

text: Hurricane

text: Katrina

text: affected

text: millions

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: initial

text: medical

text: response

text: was

text: ill

text: equipped

text: understaffed

text: poorly

text: coordinated

text: and

text: delayed

text: Criticism

text: was

text: fierce

text: The

text: response

text: to

text: Haiti

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: same

text: The

text: point

text: no

text: one

text: seems

text: to

text: remember

text: is

text: this

text: Medical

text: response

text: to

text: these

text: situations

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: delayed

text: Immediate

text: access

text: to

text: emergency

text: equipment

text: is

text: also

text: crucial

text: Within

text: hours

text: of

text: the

text: earthquake

text: Dr.

text: David

text: Helfet

text: put

text: together

text: a

text: team

text: of

text: surgeons

text: anesthesiologists

text: and

text: operating

text: room

text: nurses

text: with

text: a

text: massive

text: amount

text: of

text: orthopedic

text: operating

text: room

text: equipment

text: ready

text: to

text: be

text: flown

text: directly

text: to

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: on

text: a

text: private

text: plane

text: We

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: plan

text: to

text: replace

text: physicians

text: and

text: equipment

text: within

text: hours

text: we

text: could

text: bring

text: in

text: whatever

text: was

text: necessary

text: on

text: a

text: private

text: jet

text: We

text: believe

text: we

text: had

text: a

text: reasonably

text: comprehensive

text: orthopedic

text: trauma

text: service

text: as

text: trauma

text: surgeons

text: we

text: planned

text: to

text: provide

text: acute

text: care

text: in

text: the

text: midst

text: of

text: an

text: orthopedic

text: disaster

text: We

text: expected

text: many

text: amputations

text: But

text: we

text: thought

text: we

text: could

text: save

text: limbs

text: that

text: were

text: salvageable

text: particularly

text: those

text: of

text: children

text: We

text: recognized

text: that

text: in

text: an

text: underdeveloped

text: country

text: a

text: limb

text: amputation

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: death

text: sentence

text: It

text: does

text: not

text: have

text: to

text: be

text: so

text: We

text: thought

text: our

text: plan

text: was

text: a

text: good

text: one

text: but

text: we

text: soon

text: learned

text: we

text: were

text: incredibly

text: naive

text: Disaster

text: management

text: in

text: Haiti

text: was

text: nonexistent

text: The

text: difficulties

text: in

text: getting

text: in

text: despite

text: the

text: intelligence

text: we

text: had

text: from

text: people

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: and

text: Dr.

text: Helfet

text: 's

text: connections

text: with

text: Partners

text: in

text: Health

text: and

text: Bill

text: and

text: Hillary

text: Clinton

text: only

text: hinted

text: at

text: the

text: difficulties

text: we

text: would

text: have

text: once

text: we

text: arrived

text: We

text: started

text: out

text: Friday

text: morning

text: and

text: got

text: a

text: slot

text: to

text: get

text: into

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: on

text: Friday

text: That

text: was

text: canceled

text: when

text: we

text: were

text: on

text: the

text: runway

text: and

text: was

text: rescheduled

text: for

text: the

text: next

text: day

text: We

text: were

text: diverted

text: to

text: the

text: Dominican

text: Republic

text: and

text: planned

text: on

text: arriving

text: in

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: on

text: Saturday

text: That

text: Saturday

text: morning

text: slot

text: also

text: was

text: canceled

text: and

text: postponed

text: until

text: the

text: afternoon

text: The

text: airport

text: had

text: one

text: runway

text: and

text: hundreds

text: of

text: planes

text: trying

text: to

text: land

text: But

text: nobody

text: was

text: prioritizing

text: the

text: flights

text: Once

text: we

text: finally

text: landed

text: we

text: were

text: taken

text: to

text: the

text: General

text: Hospital

text: in

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: with

text: our

text: medical

text: supplies

text: We

text: had

text: been

text: told

text: that

text: this

text: hospital

text: was

text: up

text: and

text: running

text: with

text: two

text: functioning

text: operating

text: rooms

text: Once

text: we

text: arrived

text: we

text: saw

text: a

text: severely

text: damaged

text: hospital

text: with

text: no

text: running

text: water

text: and

text: only

text: limited

text: electrical

text: power

text: supplied

text: by

text: a

text: generator

text: Surgeries

text: were

text: being

text: performed

text: in

text: the

text: equivalent

text: of

text: a

text: large

text: storage

text: closet

text: where

text: amputations

text: were

text: performed

text: with

text: hacksaws

text: This

text: facility

text: could

text: not

text: nearly

text: accommodate

text: our

text: equipment

text: nor

text: our

text: expertise

text: to

text: treat

text: the

text: volume

text: of

text: injuries

text: we

text: saw

text: We

text: quickly

text: took

text: our

text: second

text: option

text: Community

text: Hospital

text: of

text: Haiti

text: about

text: two

text: miles

text: away

text: There

text: we

text: found

text: about

text: patients

text: lying

text: on

text: the

text: floor

text: But

text: the

text: facility

text: had

text: running

text: water

text: electricity

text: and

text: two

text: functional

text: operating

text: rooms

text: We

text: found

text: scores

text: of

text: patients

text: with

text: pus

text: dripping

text: out

text: of

text: open

text: extremity

text: fractures

text: and

text: crush

text: injuries

text: Some

text: wounds

text: were

text: already

text: ridden

text: with

text: maggots

text: About

text: a

text: third

text: of

text: these

text: victims

text: were

text: children

text: The

text: entire

text: hospital

text: smelled

text: of

text: infected

text: rotting

text: limbs

text: and

text: death

text: Later

text: on

text: we

text: would

text: judge

text: our

text: surgical

text: progress

text: by

text: the

text: diminishment

text: of

text: the

text: stench

text: In

text: our

text: naÃ¯vetÃ

text: we

text: did

text: n't

text: expect

text: that

text: the

text: two

text: anesthesia

text: machines

text: would

text: not

text: work

text: that

text: there

text: would

text: be

text: only

text: one

text: cautery

text: available

text: in

text: the

text: entire

text: hospital

text: to

text: stop

text: bleeding

text: that

text: an

text: operating

text: room

text: sterilizer

text: fit

text: only

text: instruments

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: a

text: cigar

text: box

text: that

text: there

text: would

text: be

text: no

text: sterile

text: saline

text: no

text: functioning

text: fluoroscopy

text: machine

text: no

text: blood

text: for

text: transfusions

text: no

text: ability

text: to

text: do

text: lab

text: work

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: local

text: staff

text: was

text: a

text: ragtag

text: group

text: of

text: voluntary

text: health

text: providers

text: who

text: like

text: us

text: had

text: made

text: it

text: there

text: on

text: their

text: own

text: As

text: we

text: got

text: up

text: and

text: running

text: and

text: organized

text: the

text: patients

text: for

text: surgery

text: we

text: told

text: our

text: contacts

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: what

text: we

text: needed

text: More

text: supplies

text: were

text: loaded

text: for

text: a

text: second

text: trip

text: Those

text: included

text: a

text: battery

text: operated

text: pulse

text: lavage

text: a

text: huge

text: supply

text: of

text: sterile

text: saline

text: and

text: the

text: soft

text: goods

text: we

text: needed

text: desperately

text: in

text: the

text: operating

text: room

text: The

text: plane

text: landed

text: as

text: planned

text: Sunday

text: night

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: equipment

text: was

text: loaded

text: onto

text: a

text: truck

text: Then

text: that

text: truck

text: loaded

text: with

text: life

text: saving

text: equipment

text: was

text: hijacked

text: somewhere

text: between

text: the

text: airport

text: and

text: the

text: hospital

text: We

text: had

text: planned

text: to

text: run

text: a

text: marathon

text: round

text: the

text: clock

text: operation

text: and

text: leave

text: at

text: p.m.

text: Tuesday

text: We

text: worked

text: for

text: hours

text: without

text: stopping

text: The

text: plane

text: that

text: would

text: take

text: us

text: home

text: would

text: bring

text: with

text: it

text: not

text: only

text: a

text: new

text: medical

text: staff

text: but

text: also

text: equipment

text: that

text: was

text: nonexistent

text: in

text: the

text: hospital

text: or

text: even

text: the

text: country

text: These

text: pieces

text: of

text: equipment

text: two

text: of

text: each

text: were

text: urgently

text: needed

text: portable

text: anesthesiology

text: machines

text: electrocautery

text: machines

text: to

text: stop

text: bleeding

text: after

text: amputations

text: portable

text: monitors

text: for

text: the

text: recovery

text: room

text: autoclaves

text: to

text: sterilize

text: equipment

text: and

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: orthopedic

text: equipment

text: which

text: we

text: were

text: quickly

text: using

text: up

text: The

text: other

text: items

text: were

text: those

text: that

text: were

text: on

text: the

text: previous

text: flight

text: and

text: had

text: been

text: hijacked

text: Officials

text: at

text: the

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: airport

text: canceled

text: that

text: plane

text: 's

text: a.m.

text: Tuesday

text: slot

text: and

text: the

text: plane

text: never

text: made

text: it

text: to

text: us

text: on

text: time

text: We

text: had

text: started

text: to

text: see

text: daylight

text: Monday

text: night

text: having

text: performed

text: about

text: surgeries

text: which

text: were

text: mainly

text: amputations

text: fixing

text: broken

text: limbs

text: and

text: soft

text: tissue

text: debridements

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: patients

text: were

text: children

text: and

text: babies

text: But

text: on

text: Tuesday

text: morning

text: a

text: huge

text: number

text: of

text: new

text: patients

text: arrived

text: The

text: Haitians

text: had

text: heard

text: we

text: were

text: trying

text: to

text: save

text: limbs

text: and

text: families

text: were

text: bringing

text: their

text: injured

text: loved

text: ones

text: to

text: us

text: The

text: hospital

text: was

text: forced

text: to

text: lock

text: down

text: closing

text: its

text: gates

text: to

text: the

text: angry

text: and

text: frustrated

text: crowd

text: outside

text: On

text: Tuesday

text: morning

text: we

text: saw

text: that

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: patients

text: we

text: had

text: operated

text: on

text: were

text: becoming

text: septic

text: and

text: would

text: require

text: additional

text: surgeries

text: We

text: finished

text: operating

text: at

text: noon

text: Tuesday

text: our

text: last

text: surgery

text: assisting

text: an

text: obstetrician

text: on

text: a

text: Caesarean

text: section

text: and

text: helping

text: to

text: resuscitate

text: a

text: newborn

text: who

text: was

text: not

text: breathing

text: We

text: decided

text: the

text: situation

text: was

text: untenable

text: Our

text: supplies

text: were

text: running

text: out

text: our

text: team

text: was

text: past

text: exhaustion

text: safety

text: was

text: rapidly

text: becoming

text: a

text: concern

text: and

text: we

text: had

text: no

text: firm

text: plan

text: to

text: leave

text: or

text: resupply

text: A

text: hospital

text: benefactor

text: helped

text: us

text: get

text: to

text: the

text: airport

text: First

text: Jamaican

text: soldiers

text: with

text: escorted

text: us

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: building

text: as

text: the

text: crowd

text: outside

text: saw

text: us

text: abandoning

text: the

text: hospital

text: We

text: made

text: it

text: to

text: the

text: airport

text: on

text: the

text: back

text: of

text: a

text: pickup

text: got

text: onto

text: the

text: tarmac

text: hailed

text: a

text: commercial

text: plane

text: that

text: had

text: carried

text: cargo

text: to

text: Haiti

text: and

text: was

text: returning

text: to

text: Montreal

text: Canada

text: and

text: had

text: a

text: private

text: jet

text: pick

text: us

text: up

text: from

text: there

text: We

text: were

text: unprepared

text: for

text: what

text: we

text: saw

text: in

text: Haiti

text: the

text: vast

text: amount

text: of

text: human

text: devastation

text: the

text: complete

text: lack

text: of

text: medical

text: infrastructure

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: support

text: from

text: the

text: Haitian

text: medical

text: community

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: organization

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: No

text: one

text: was

text: in

text: charge

text: We

text: had

text: the

text: first

text: hospital

text: in

text: the

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: area

text: with

text: functioning

text: operating

text: rooms

text: yet

text: no

text: one

text: came

text: to

text: the

text: hospital

text: to

text: assess

text: how

text: we

text: did

text: it

text: or

text: offer

text: help

text: The

text: fact

text: that

text: the

text: military

text: could

text: not

text: or

text: would

text: not

text: protect

text: the

text: critical

text: resupply

text: medical

text: equipment

text: on

text: Sunday

text: or

text: allow

text: the

text: Tuesday

text: flight

text: to

text: come

text: in

text: is

text: devastating

text: and

text: merits

text: intense

text: investigation

text: There

text: was

text: no

text: security

text: at

text: the

text: hospital

text: We

text: needed

text: a

text: much

text: higher

text: level

text: of

text: security

text: with

text: strong

text: and

text: clear

text: support

text: of

text: the

text: military

text: from

text: the

text: very

text: beginning

text: The

text: lack

text: of

text: support

text: for

text: our

text: operation

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: shocking

text: and

text: embarrassing

text: and

text: shows

text: how

text: woefully

text: unprepared

text: we

text: are

text: for

text: the

text: realities

text: of

text: disasters

text: We

text: came

text: to

text: understand

text: that

text: our

text: isolated

text: operation

text: may

text: work

text: in

text: a

text: mission

text: but

text: not

text: in

text: a

text: disaster

text: We

text: first

text: thought

text: we

text: would

text: support

text: those

text: at

text: the

text: helm

text: but

text: soon

text: realized

text: we

text: were

text: almost

text: the

text: only

text: early

text: responders

text: with

text: the

text: critical

text: expertise

text: and

text: equipment

text: to

text: treat

text: an

text: orthopedic

text: disaster

text: such

text: as

text: this

text: Still

text: nobody

text: with

text: a

text: clear

text: plan

text: is

text: in

text: charge

text: and

text: care

text: is

text: chaotic

text: at

text: best

text: Doctors

text: are

text: coming

text: into

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: no

text: plan

text: of

text: what

text: they

text: are

text: going

text: to

text: do

text: and

text: nobody

text: directing

text: them

text: how

text: to

text: do

text: it

text: Surgeons

text: who

text: expect

text: to

text: show

text: up

text: and

text: operate

text: will

text: be

text: mistaken

text: Without

text: a

text: complement

text: of

text: support

text: staff

text: and

text: supplies

text: they

text: are

text: of

text: limited

text: to

text: no

text: value

text: We

text: left

text: feeling

text: as

text: if

text: we

text: abandoned

text: these

text: patients

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: its

text: people

text: and

text: we

text: feel

text: terrible

text: Our

text: role

text: back

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: to

text: expose

text: the

text: inadequacies

text: of

text: the

text: system

text: in

text: the

text: hopes

text: of

text: effecting

text: change

text: immediately

text: Patients

text: who

text: are

text: alive

text: and

text: still

text: have

text: their

text: arms

text: and

text: legs

text: remain

text: in

text: jeopardy

text: unless

text: an

text: urgent

text: response

text: is

text: implemented

text: The

text: quickest

text: and

text: most

text: efficient

text: way

text: to

text: really

text: help

text: now

text: and

text: support

text: the

text: medical

text: staff

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: is

text: to

text: assess

text: needs

text: provide

text: equipment

text: and

text: personnel

text: in

text: necessary

text: quantities

text: and

text: bring

text: them

text: safely

text: and

text: expeditiously

text: into

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: hospital

text: units

text: caring

text: for

text: patients

text: Upon

text: our

text: departure

text: we

text: witnessed

text: pallets

text: of

text: Cheerios

text: and

text: dry

text: goods

text: sitting

text: on

text: the

text: tarmac

text: helping

text: nobody

text: Yet

text: our

text: flight

text: of

text: critical

text: medical

text: equipment

text: and

text: personnel

text: had

text: been

text: canceled

text: and

text: the

text: equipment

text: that

text: did

text: get

text: through

text: was

text: hijacked

text: We

text: implore

text: an

text: official

text: organization

text: to

text: step

text: up

text: and

text: take

text: charge

text: of

text: the

text: massive

text: ongoing

text: medical

text: effort

text: that

text: will

text: be

text: necessary

text: to

text: care

text: for

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: Haiti

text: and

text: their

text: children

text: And

text: to

text: do

text: it

text: now

text: The

text: opinions

text: expressed

text: in

text: this

text: commentary

text: are

text: solely

text: those

text: of

text: Drs

text: Dean

text: Lorich

text: Soumitra

text: Eachempati

text: and

text: David

text: L.

text: Helfet

question: Who said the lack of support is shocking?

answer: f Drs. Dean Lorich, Soumitra Eachempati and David L. Helfe

text: f Drs. Dean Lorich, Soumitra Eachempati and David L. Helfe

question: What did doctors gather?

answer: 13-member team of surgeons, anesthesiologists and operating room nurses, with a massive amount of orthopedic operating room equipment,

text: 13-member team of surgeons, anesthesiologists and operating room nurses, with a massive amount of orthopedic operating room equipment,

question: What did they find?

answer: we found about 750 patients lying on the floor.

text: we found about 750 patients lying on the floor.

question: According to the doctors, what country lacked support for their operation?

answer: f Hait

text: f Hait

question: What did the doctors bring to Haiti?

answer: a massive amount of orthopedic operating room equipment,

text: a massive amount of orthopedic operating room equipment,

question: What country was the plane going to?

answer: Port-au-Prince

text: Port-au-Prince

question: Where was no one in charge?

answer: t hospital in the Port-au-Prince are

text: t hospital in the Port-au-Prince are

question: When was the plane sent over?

answer: Saturday.

text: Saturday.


text:
LOS ANGELES, California (CNN) -- Flannery O'Connor did not expect to become the subject of a biography. She thought the narrow borders of her life -- lived "between the house and the chicken yard" -- wouldn't give a writer much to work with.

Author Flannery O'Connor (here with two of her peacocks) remains a subject of fascination for many.

It would therefore come as a surprise (and probably secretly please her) to learn she is the focus of at least three.

The latest is "Flannery: A Life of Flannery O'Connor" (Little, Brown) by Brad Gooch, an exhaustively researched exploration of O'Connor's unlikely journey from shy, sarcastic and "contrary" Georgia girl to acerbic literary treasure.

That she suffered from lupus and died before the age of 40 is well-known to fans of O'Connor. But Gooch uncovers much that even ardent followers of the author will find revealing, including details of her college career as a cartoonist, and her time in Iowa City at the Iowa Writers' Workshop.

The book manages to synthesize what seems difficult to reconcile: how such a chaste, religious person could produce stories that are bitingly funny and filled with shocking violence.  Watch O'Connor's fascinating story Â»

Gooch spoke with CNN about his experience researching the biography. What follows is an edited version of the interview.

CNN: When did you first discover Flannery O'Connor?

Brad Gooch: I first read her stories in my 20s and loved them, and then a little later, the [collected] letters came up, "The Habit of Being." And I'd had a few hunches about her from reading the stories, which were a little mysterious. ... And then when I read the letters, a lot of those hunches seemed true. ...

Trying to put the life of this woman together with the stories became as interesting as the stories to me.

CNN: She wasn't always known as Flannery O'Connor.

Gooch: Her name was Mary Flannery O'Connor, and her mother and everyone in Milledgeville (Georgia), where she lived most of her life, continued to call her Mary Flannery. But when she went to Iowa City -- the Iowa Writers' Workshop -- early on, she decided she wanted to be a writer, and she decided on the name Flannery. She later said, "Who would want to buy these stories of an Irish washerwoman named Mary O'Connor?"

Partly, I think she wanted to lose the Southern-ness of "Mary Flannery." ...  Also, Flannery was a gender-neutral name. ... Her initial rejection letters were actually addressed to "Mr. Flannery O'Connor," and I think she kind of liked that neutrality.

CNN: What did you find most remarkable about her?

Gooch: I think the discipline of her writing becomes ... almost inspiring. She developed lupus when she was 25, she lived until she was 39. And in that period, she kept up this regimen that she had begun at the Iowa Writers' Workshop of writing every morning for three hours, even if it meant sitting in front of a blank page. ...

[Near the end of her life] she was editing her final stories and hiding them under the pillow in the hospital from the doctors so that she could go on. She was still working on her last story after she had last rites. ... All of that is a sort of [a] level of commitment that is startling and unmatched.

CNN: Her stories are often funny, yet disturbing.

Gooch: Her style goes under these names, like grotesque or gothic, but she was really crossing these two wires of humor and almost this kind of dark theological writing that had never been put together before. ...

[In "A Good Man is Hard to Find"] a family on vacation ... meets someone named the Misfit, this ex-con in the woods. ... And he winds up shooting the entire family while spouting existentialist, nihilist philosophy.

And in that story, there's always a point where you keep laughing past this line, and suddenly someone's being shot and you're laughing and then [readers] get very uncomfortable. They can't tell whether this is supposed to be funny or not, and I think that O'Connor definitely works in that territory, where you can't tell if she's being funny or tragic and serious.

CNN: The titles of her stories and novels are so wonderful -- "A Good Man Is Hard to Find," "Everything That Rises Must Converge," "The Life You Save May Be Your Own," "The Violent Bear It Away."

Gooch: "A Good Man is Hard to Find" was a Bessie Smith song; "Everything That Rises Must Converge" she got from Teilhard de Chardin, a favorite Catholic theologian of hers.

You see in a way how sophisticated she was in her approach to her writing. I think sometimes when people read the stories, they confuse O'Connor with the character in her story, and they think she is some Grandma-Moses-crazy-folk-artist, but actually she was an incredibly educated artist who had read everything, including a lot of theology. ... The titles ... are attracting and punchy, but you also see that she's working kind of consciously with these reverberating references.

CNN: What do you make of her fascination with birds?

Gooch: When she was forced by lupus to move back to the South and live on a dairy farm with her mother in Georgia, one of the first things she did besides getting very serious about working on her stories was to order a peacock. And eventually she had 39 peacocks. ... And I think that she was very conscious that the peacock was this gawky, comic bird. I think she identified with the peacock for that reason. The peacock squawked all night and annoyed people, ate her mother's flowers, and yet, at this certain willful moment, opened its tail and revealed what she called this "map of the universe."

So, I think it really stood in a way for this kind of transfiguration that would take place for her spiritually but also in the beauty of her writing. ... She definitely made an effort to make the peacock her own personal logo.

CNN: What is her literary reputation 45 years after her death?

Gooch: She seems to be ever more popular. When she died she was considered almost a minor writer. Her second volume of stories hadn't even come out; her "Collected Stories" was published in the early 1970s and got a posthumous National Book Award.

It seems that every decade, interest in her grows. When the Library of America put out her collected works 10 years ago, she outsold Faulkner. So she has this popularity and interest.

And [she] increasingly shows up in funny pop culture ways. I think in the last episode of "Lost" the character was reading "Everything That Rises Must Converge" in the last scene. So, counterintuitively, she's only growing in importance.

CNN: It's amazing that she had a literary career at all, given how debilitating her illness was.

Gooch: What became inspiring to me, unexpectedly, writing this book [was how she dealt] with her illness, and that she finally was nobody's victim. ... Everything we think of as a Flannery O'Connor story came after she had been diagnosed as having lupus and settled in to life in the South. You get the sense that this was almost a magical thinking, where she thought that writing these stories was keeping her alive.

text: LOS

text: ANGELES

text: California

text: CNN

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: did

text: not

text: expect

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: a

text: biography

text: She

text: thought

text: the

text: narrow

text: borders

text: of

text: her

text: life

text: lived

text: between

text: the

text: house

text: and

text: the

text: chicken

text: yard

text: would

text: n't

text: give

text: a

text: writer

text: much

text: to

text: work

text: with

text: Author

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: here

text: with

text: two

text: of

text: her

text: peacocks

text: remains

text: a

text: subject

text: of

text: fascination

text: for

text: many

text: It

text: would

text: therefore

text: come

text: as

text: a

text: surprise

text: and

text: probably

text: secretly

text: please

text: her

text: to

text: learn

text: she

text: is

text: the

text: focus

text: of

text: at

text: least

text: three

text: The

text: latest

text: is

text: Flannery

text: A

text: Life

text: of

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: Little

text: Brown

text: by

text: Brad

text: Gooch

text: an

text: exhaustively

text: researched

text: exploration

text: of

text: O'Connor

text: 's

text: unlikely

text: journey

text: from

text: shy

text: sarcastic

text: and

text: contrary

text: Georgia

text: girl

text: to

text: acerbic

text: literary

text: treasure

text: That

text: she

text: suffered

text: from

text: lupus

text: and

text: died

text: before

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: is

text: well

text: known

text: to

text: fans

text: of

text: O'Connor

text: But

text: Gooch

text: uncovers

text: much

text: that

text: even

text: ardent

text: followers

text: of

text: the

text: author

text: will

text: find

text: revealing

text: including

text: details

text: of

text: her

text: college

text: career

text: as

text: a

text: cartoonist

text: and

text: her

text: time

text: in

text: Iowa

text: City

text: at

text: the

text: Iowa

text: Writers

text: Workshop

text: The

text: book

text: manages

text: to

text: synthesize

text: what

text: seems

text: difficult

text: to

text: reconcile

text: how

text: such

text: a

text: chaste

text: religious

text: person

text: could

text: produce

text: stories

text: that

text: are

text: bitingly

text: funny

text: and

text: filled

text: with

text: shocking

text: violence

text: Watch

text: O'Connor

text: 's

text: fascinating

text: story

text: Â

text: Gooch

text: spoke

text: with

text: CNN

text: about

text: his

text: experience

text: researching

text: the

text: biography

text: What

text: follows

text: is

text: an

text: edited

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: interview

text: CNN

text: When

text: did

text: you

text: first

text: discover

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: Brad

text: Gooch

text: I

text: first

text: read

text: her

text: stories

text: in

text: my

text: and

text: loved

text: them

text: and

text: then

text: a

text: little

text: later

text: the

text: collected

text: letters

text: came

text: up

text: The

text: Habit

text: of

text: Being

text: And

text: I

text: 'd

text: had

text: a

text: few

text: hunches

text: about

text: her

text: from

text: reading

text: the

text: stories

text: which

text: were

text: a

text: little

text: mysterious

text: And

text: then

text: when

text: I

text: read

text: the

text: letters

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: those

text: hunches

text: seemed

text: true

text: Trying

text: to

text: put

text: the

text: life

text: of

text: this

text: woman

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: stories

text: became

text: as

text: interesting

text: as

text: the

text: stories

text: to

text: me

text: CNN

text: She

text: was

text: n't

text: always

text: known

text: as

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: Gooch

text: Her

text: name

text: was

text: Mary

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: and

text: her

text: mother

text: and

text: everyone

text: in

text: Milledgeville

text: Georgia

text: where

text: she

text: lived

text: most

text: of

text: her

text: life

text: continued

text: to

text: call

text: her

text: Mary

text: Flannery

text: But

text: when

text: she

text: went

text: to

text: Iowa

text: City

text: the

text: Iowa

text: Writers

text: Workshop

text: early

text: on

text: she

text: decided

text: she

text: wanted

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: writer

text: and

text: she

text: decided

text: on

text: the

text: name

text: Flannery

text: She

text: later

text: said

text: Who

text: would

text: want

text: to

text: buy

text: these

text: stories

text: of

text: an

text: Irish

text: washerwoman

text: named

text: Mary

text: O'Connor

text: Partly

text: I

text: think

text: she

text: wanted

text: to

text: lose

text: the

text: Southern

text: ness

text: of

text: Mary

text: Flannery

text: Also

text: Flannery

text: was

text: a

text: gender

text: neutral

text: name

text: Her

text: initial

text: rejection

text: letters

text: were

text: actually

text: addressed

text: to

text: Mr.

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: and

text: I

text: think

text: she

text: kind

text: of

text: liked

text: that

text: neutrality

text: CNN

text: What

text: did

text: you

text: find

text: most

text: remarkable

text: about

text: her

text: Gooch

text: I

text: think

text: the

text: discipline

text: of

text: her

text: writing

text: becomes

text: almost

text: inspiring

text: She

text: developed

text: lupus

text: when

text: she

text: was

text: she

text: lived

text: until

text: she

text: was

text: And

text: in

text: that

text: period

text: she

text: kept

text: up

text: this

text: regimen

text: that

text: she

text: had

text: begun

text: at

text: the

text: Iowa

text: Writers

text: Workshop

text: of

text: writing

text: every

text: morning

text: for

text: three

text: hours

text: even

text: if

text: it

text: meant

text: sitting

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: a

text: blank

text: page

text: Near

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: her

text: life

text: she

text: was

text: editing

text: her

text: final

text: stories

text: and

text: hiding

text: them

text: under

text: the

text: pillow

text: in

text: the

text: hospital

text: from

text: the

text: doctors

text: so

text: that

text: she

text: could

text: go

text: on

text: She

text: was

text: still

text: working

text: on

text: her

text: last

text: story

text: after

text: she

text: had

text: last

text: rites

text: All

text: of

text: that

text: is

text: a

text: sort

text: of

text: a

text: level

text: of

text: commitment

text: that

text: is

text: startling

text: and

text: unmatched

text: CNN

text: Her

text: stories

text: are

text: often

text: funny

text: yet

text: disturbing

text: Gooch

text: Her

text: style

text: goes

text: under

text: these

text: names

text: like

text: grotesque

text: or

text: gothic

text: but

text: she

text: was

text: really

text: crossing

text: these

text: two

text: wires

text: of

text: humor

text: and

text: almost

text: this

text: kind

text: of

text: dark

text: theological

text: writing

text: that

text: had

text: never

text: been

text: put

text: together

text: before

text: In

text: A

text: Good

text: Man

text: is

text: Hard

text: to

text: Find

text: a

text: family

text: on

text: vacation

text: meets

text: someone

text: named

text: the

text: Misfit

text: this

text: ex

text: con

text: in

text: the

text: woods

text: And

text: he

text: winds

text: up

text: shooting

text: the

text: entire

text: family

text: while

text: spouting

text: existentialist

text: nihilist

text: philosophy

text: And

text: in

text: that

text: story

text: there

text: 's

text: always

text: a

text: point

text: where

text: you

text: keep

text: laughing

text: past

text: this

text: line

text: and

text: suddenly

text: someone

text: 's

text: being

text: shot

text: and

text: you

text: 're

text: laughing

text: and

text: then

text: readers

text: get

text: very

text: uncomfortable

text: They

text: ca

text: n't

text: tell

text: whether

text: this

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: be

text: funny

text: or

text: not

text: and

text: I

text: think

text: that

text: O'Connor

text: definitely

text: works

text: in

text: that

text: territory

text: where

text: you

text: ca

text: n't

text: tell

text: if

text: she

text: 's

text: being

text: funny

text: or

text: tragic

text: and

text: serious

text: CNN

text: The

text: titles

text: of

text: her

text: stories

text: and

text: novels

text: are

text: so

text: wonderful

text: A

text: Good

text: Man

text: Is

text: Hard

text: to

text: Find

text: Everything

text: That

text: Rises

text: Must

text: Converge

text: The

text: Life

text: You

text: Save

text: May

text: Be

text: Your

text: Own

text: The

text: Violent

text: Bear

text: It

text: Away

text: Gooch

text: A

text: Good

text: Man

text: is

text: Hard

text: to

text: Find

text: was

text: a

text: Bessie

text: Smith

text: song

text: Everything

text: That

text: Rises

text: Must

text: Converge

text: she

text: got

text: from

text: Teilhard

text: de

text: Chardin

text: a

text: favorite

text: Catholic

text: theologian

text: of

text: hers

text: You

text: see

text: in

text: a

text: way

text: how

text: sophisticated

text: she

text: was

text: in

text: her

text: approach

text: to

text: her

text: writing

text: I

text: think

text: sometimes

text: when

text: people

text: read

text: the

text: stories

text: they

text: confuse

text: O'Connor

text: with

text: the

text: character

text: in

text: her

text: story

text: and

text: they

text: think

text: she

text: is

text: some

text: Grandma

text: Moses

text: crazy

text: folk

text: artist

text: but

text: actually

text: she

text: was

text: an

text: incredibly

text: educated

text: artist

text: who

text: had

text: read

text: everything

text: including

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: theology

text: The

text: titles

text: are

text: attracting

text: and

text: punchy

text: but

text: you

text: also

text: see

text: that

text: she

text: 's

text: working

text: kind

text: of

text: consciously

text: with

text: these

text: reverberating

text: references

text: CNN

text: What

text: do

text: you

text: make

text: of

text: her

text: fascination

text: with

text: birds

text: Gooch

text: When

text: she

text: was

text: forced

text: by

text: lupus

text: to

text: move

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: South

text: and

text: live

text: on

text: a

text: dairy

text: farm

text: with

text: her

text: mother

text: in

text: Georgia

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: things

text: she

text: did

text: besides

text: getting

text: very

text: serious

text: about

text: working

text: on

text: her

text: stories

text: was

text: to

text: order

text: a

text: peacock

text: And

text: eventually

text: she

text: had

text: peacocks

text: And

text: I

text: think

text: that

text: she

text: was

text: very

text: conscious

text: that

text: the

text: peacock

text: was

text: this

text: gawky

text: comic

text: bird

text: I

text: think

text: she

text: identified

text: with

text: the

text: peacock

text: for

text: that

text: reason

text: The

text: peacock

text: squawked

text: all

text: night

text: and

text: annoyed

text: people

text: ate

text: her

text: mother

text: 's

text: flowers

text: and

text: yet

text: at

text: this

text: certain

text: willful

text: moment

text: opened

text: its

text: tail

text: and

text: revealed

text: what

text: she

text: called

text: this

text: map

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: So

text: I

text: think

text: it

text: really

text: stood

text: in

text: a

text: way

text: for

text: this

text: kind

text: of

text: transfiguration

text: that

text: would

text: take

text: place

text: for

text: her

text: spiritually

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: the

text: beauty

text: of

text: her

text: writing

text: She

text: definitely

text: made

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: peacock

text: her

text: own

text: personal

text: logo

text: CNN

text: What

text: is

text: her

text: literary

text: reputation

text: years

text: after

text: her

text: death

text: Gooch

text: She

text: seems

text: to

text: be

text: ever

text: more

text: popular

text: When

text: she

text: died

text: she

text: was

text: considered

text: almost

text: a

text: minor

text: writer

text: Her

text: second

text: volume

text: of

text: stories

text: had

text: n't

text: even

text: come

text: out

text: her

text: Collected

text: Stories

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: and

text: got

text: a

text: posthumous

text: National

text: Book

text: Award

text: It

text: seems

text: that

text: every

text: decade

text: interest

text: in

text: her

text: grows

text: When

text: the

text: Library

text: of

text: America

text: put

text: out

text: her

text: collected

text: works

text: years

text: ago

text: she

text: outsold

text: Faulkner

text: So

text: she

text: has

text: this

text: popularity

text: and

text: interest

text: And

text: she

text: increasingly

text: shows

text: up

text: in

text: funny

text: pop

text: culture

text: ways

text: I

text: think

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: episode

text: of

text: Lost

text: the

text: character

text: was

text: reading

text: Everything

text: That

text: Rises

text: Must

text: Converge

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: scene

text: So

text: counterintuitively

text: she

text: 's

text: only

text: growing

text: in

text: importance

text: CNN

text: It

text: 's

text: amazing

text: that

text: she

text: had

text: a

text: literary

text: career

text: at

text: all

text: given

text: how

text: debilitating

text: her

text: illness

text: was

text: Gooch

text: What

text: became

text: inspiring

text: to

text: me

text: unexpectedly

text: writing

text: this

text: book

text: was

text: how

text: she

text: dealt

text: with

text: her

text: illness

text: and

text: that

text: she

text: finally

text: was

text: nobody

text: 's

text: victim

text: Everything

text: we

text: think

text: of

text: as

text: a

text: Flannery

text: O'Connor

text: story

text: came

text: after

text: she

text: had

text: been

text: diagnosed

text: as

text: having

text: lupus

text: and

text: settled

text: in

text: to

text: life

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: You

text: get

text: the

text: sense

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: almost

text: a

text: magical

text: thinking

text: where

text: she

text: thought

text: that

text: writing

text: these

text: stories

text: was

text: keeping

text: her

text: alive

question: What caused the death of O'Connor?

answer: lupus

text: lupus


text:
ISLAMABAD, Pakistan (CNN)  -- A suspected missile strike from a U.S. Predator drone killed at least four people in a house in Pakistan's North Waziristan region early Saturday.

Marchers protest recent U.S. missile strikes on the Pakistani tribal areas.

The attack, which occurred in the Mir Ali subdivision in the village of Ali Khel, was one of several to hit the country Saturday.

Six people were injured in Saturday's attack, the fourth suspected U.S. strike on Pakistani soil in November. The names of the victims have not been released. It is also not known why the house was targeted.

Elsewhere, three people were killed and 11 were injured in an explosion inside a mosque in northwest Pakistan's tribal region, a government official said.

The explosion happened just after 4 p.m. (6 a.m. ET), leaving the Hangu district mosque inside Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province in ruins, said Omer Faraz Khan, deputy superintendent of Hangu.

He said rescuers were trying to save people trapped under the debris. It was not immediately clear how many people were inside the mosque at the time of the blast.

Police were investigating the explosion, which was detonated using a homemade timer, Khan said.

Hours later, three bombs exploded about 10 p.m. (noon ET) outside a stadium in Lahore where a music festival was being held, police Inspector Muntzir Kazmi said. A 13-year-old was injured, but it was unknown whether the victim was a boy or girl.

This week, Pakistan's Foreign Ministry summoned U.S. Ambassador Anne Patterson to lodge a formal protest against another suspected U.S. missile strike on its territory, an act Pakistan Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani called a violation of his nation's sovereignty.  Watch Gilani say his country has had enough of U.S. attacks ÃÂ»

Wednesday's strike in the Bannu region of Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province left five dead and seven wounded. That attack was farther inside Pakistani territory than previous attacks.

The attack targeted a home outside the tribal areas that U.S. intelligence says have become a haven for Taliban and al Qaeda fighters battling U.S. and NATO troops in neighboring Afghanistan.

The U.S. government has not acknowledged hitting targets within Pakistan, an ally in the war on al Qaeda launched after the September 11 attacks on New York and Washington. However, Pakistan's government has repeatedly complained about the strikes.

Gilani took to the floor of the parliament and renewed his condemnation of the attacks Thursday but added that he thinks they will be controlled when President-elect Barack Obama takes office.

In October, the foreign ministry summoned Patterson to lodge a "strong" protest on continuing missile attacks and said they should be stopped immediately. At the time, a missile strike from a suspected U.S. drone on a compound in South Waziristan killed 20 people.

Pakistan's government said the attacks cost lives and undermine public support for its counterterrorism efforts.

The U.S.-led coalition and NATO, based in Afghanistan, have been seeking a way to effectively battle militants who are launching attacks from Pakistan's swath of tribal areas along the border.

They have become frustrated with Islamabad over the years, saying it is not being active enough against militants, a claim Pakistan denies.

The United States is the only country operating in the region known to have the capability to launch missiles from drones, which are controlled remotely.

text: ISLAMABAD

text: Pakistan

text: CNN

text: A

text: suspected

text: missile

text: strike

text: from

text: a

text: U.S.

text: Predator

text: drone

text: killed

text: at

text: least

text: four

text: people

text: in

text: a

text: house

text: in

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: North

text: Waziristan

text: region

text: early

text: Saturday

text: Marchers

text: protest

text: recent

text: U.S.

text: missile

text: strikes

text: on

text: the

text: Pakistani

text: tribal

text: areas

text: The

text: attack

text: which

text: occurred

text: in

text: the

text: Mir

text: Ali

text: subdivision

text: in

text: the

text: village

text: of

text: Ali

text: Khel

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: several

text: to

text: hit

text: the

text: country

text: Saturday

text: Six

text: people

text: were

text: injured

text: in

text: Saturday

text: 's

text: attack

text: the

text: fourth

text: suspected

text: U.S.

text: strike

text: on

text: Pakistani

text: soil

text: in

text: November

text: The

text: names

text: of

text: the

text: victims

text: have

text: not

text: been

text: released

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: not

text: known

text: why

text: the

text: house

text: was

text: targeted

text: Elsewhere

text: three

text: people

text: were

text: killed

text: and

text: were

text: injured

text: in

text: an

text: explosion

text: inside

text: a

text: mosque

text: in

text: northwest

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: tribal

text: region

text: a

text: government

text: official

text: said

text: The

text: explosion

text: happened

text: just

text: after

text: p.m.

text: a.m.

text: ET

text: leaving

text: the

text: Hangu

text: district

text: mosque

text: inside

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: North

text: West

text: Frontier

text: Province

text: in

text: ruins

text: said

text: Omer

text: Faraz

text: Khan

text: deputy

text: superintendent

text: of

text: Hangu

text: He

text: said

text: rescuers

text: were

text: trying

text: to

text: save

text: people

text: trapped

text: under

text: the

text: debris

text: It

text: was

text: not

text: immediately

text: clear

text: how

text: many

text: people

text: were

text: inside

text: the

text: mosque

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: blast

text: Police

text: were

text: investigating

text: the

text: explosion

text: which

text: was

text: detonated

text: using

text: a

text: homemade

text: timer

text: Khan

text: said

text: Hours

text: later

text: three

text: bombs

text: exploded

text: about

text: p.m.

text: noon

text: ET

text: outside

text: a

text: stadium

text: in

text: Lahore

text: where

text: a

text: music

text: festival

text: was

text: being

text: held

text: police

text: Inspector

text: Muntzir

text: Kazmi

text: said

text: A

text: old

text: was

text: injured

text: but

text: it

text: was

text: unknown

text: whether

text: the

text: victim

text: was

text: a

text: boy

text: or

text: girl

text: This

text: week

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: Foreign

text: Ministry

text: summoned

text: U.S.

text: Ambassador

text: Anne

text: Patterson

text: to

text: lodge

text: a

text: formal

text: protest

text: against

text: another

text: suspected

text: U.S.

text: missile

text: strike

text: on

text: its

text: territory

text: an

text: act

text: Pakistan

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Yousaf

text: Raza

text: Gilani

text: called

text: a

text: violation

text: of

text: his

text: nation

text: 's

text: sovereignty

text: Watch

text: Gilani

text: say

text: his

text: country

text: has

text: had

text: enough

text: of

text: U.S.

text: attacks

text: ÃÂ

text: Wednesday

text: 's

text: strike

text: in

text: the

text: Bannu

text: region

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: North

text: West

text: Frontier

text: Province

text: left

text: five

text: dead

text: and

text: seven

text: wounded

text: That

text: attack

text: was

text: farther

text: inside

text: Pakistani

text: territory

text: than

text: previous

text: attacks

text: The

text: attack

text: targeted

text: a

text: home

text: outside

text: the

text: tribal

text: areas

text: that

text: U.S.

text: intelligence

text: says

text: have

text: become

text: a

text: haven

text: for

text: Taliban

text: and

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: fighters

text: battling

text: U.S.

text: and

text: NATO

text: troops

text: in

text: neighboring

text: Afghanistan

text: The

text: U.S.

text: government

text: has

text: not

text: acknowledged

text: hitting

text: targets

text: within

text: Pakistan

text: an

text: ally

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: on

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: launched

text: after

text: the

text: September

text: attacks

text: on

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: Washington

text: However

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: government

text: has

text: repeatedly

text: complained

text: about

text: the

text: strikes

text: Gilani

text: took

text: to

text: the

text: floor

text: of

text: the

text: parliament

text: and

text: renewed

text: his

text: condemnation

text: of

text: the

text: attacks

text: Thursday

text: but

text: added

text: that

text: he

text: thinks

text: they

text: will

text: be

text: controlled

text: when

text: President

text: elect

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: takes

text: office

text: In

text: October

text: the

text: foreign

text: ministry

text: summoned

text: Patterson

text: to

text: lodge

text: a

text: strong

text: protest

text: on

text: continuing

text: missile

text: attacks

text: and

text: said

text: they

text: should

text: be

text: stopped

text: immediately

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: a

text: missile

text: strike

text: from

text: a

text: suspected

text: U.S.

text: drone

text: on

text: a

text: compound

text: in

text: South

text: Waziristan

text: killed

text: people

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: government

text: said

text: the

text: attacks

text: cost

text: lives

text: and

text: undermine

text: public

text: support

text: for

text: its

text: counterterrorism

text: efforts

text: The

text: U.S

text: led

text: coalition

text: and

text: NATO

text: based

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: have

text: been

text: seeking

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: effectively

text: battle

text: militants

text: who

text: are

text: launching

text: attacks

text: from

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: swath

text: of

text: tribal

text: areas

text: along

text: the

text: border

text: They

text: have

text: become

text: frustrated

text: with

text: Islamabad

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: saying

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: being

text: active

text: enough

text: against

text: militants

text: a

text: claim

text: Pakistan

text: denies

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: operating

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: the

text: capability

text: to

text: launch

text: missiles

text: from

text: drones

text: which

text: are

text: controlled

text: remotely

question: What city/country/etc. does "northwest" refer to?

answer: Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province

text: Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province

question: What killed a teen outside a music festival?

answer: three bombs exploded

text: three bombs exploded

question: Mosque bombings leaves at least how many dead?

answer: t fiv

text: t fiv

question: What mosque was bombed?

answer: Hangu district

text: Hangu district

question: What killed the teenager?

answer: U.S. Predator drone

text: U.S. Predator drone

question: Who was suspected of killing four?

answer: U.S. Predator drone

text: U.S. Predator drone

question: What was believed to be the fourth attack?

answer: Saturday's

text: Saturday's

question: Number of people killed by drone?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many were killed by the drone?

answer: four

text: four

question: Where did the bombs explode?

answer: outside a stadium in Lahore

text: outside a stadium in Lahore

question: How many attacks have occurred since November?

answer: fourth

text: fourth


text:
LOS ANGELES, California (CNN) -- An 850-pound emerald said to be worth as much as $370 million is in the hands of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department while a court decides who really owns it, a spokesman for the sheriff said.

This enormous raw emerald was being kept in a Las Vegas, Nevada, warehouse.

The "Bahia Emerald" -- one of the largest ever found -- was reported stolen in September from a secured vault in South El Monte in Los Angeles County.  The report was made by someone who claimed to own the giant gemstone, Los Angeles Sheriff's Lt. Thomas Grubb said.

Federal court papers showed the emerald has been at the center of a dispute between a California man who claimed ownership, a company he contracted with to sell it, and a potential buyer.

Detective work traced the Brazilian stone to a Las Vegas, Nevada, warehouse, where the person in possession claimed to be the rightful owner, Grubb said.

A federal judge ordered the sheriff to hold the 180,000-carat emerald until he can sort the case out, Grubb said.

Investigators suspect someone used falsified papers to remove the stone from the secured vault in California, although no criminal charges have been filed, Grubb said.

While Grubb said it was his understanding the stone had been appraised at $370 million, the value is unclear.

The company hired by the owner to sell it said in court papers it had received a $19 million offer, which the company wanted to accept.

It alleged the gemstone's owner then tried to go around the broker to sell the emerald to the same buyer for $75 million.

At one point, the emerald was listed for sale on eBay for a "buy it now" price of $75 million.

text: LOS

text: ANGELES

text: California

text: CNN

text: An

text: emerald

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: worth

text: as

text: much

text: as

text: million

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: the

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: Sheriff

text: 's

text: Department

text: while

text: a

text: court

text: decides

text: who

text: really

text: owns

text: it

text: a

text: spokesman

text: for

text: the

text: sheriff

text: said

text: This

text: enormous

text: raw

text: emerald

text: was

text: being

text: kept

text: in

text: a

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: Nevada

text: warehouse

text: The

text: Bahia

text: Emerald

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: ever

text: found

text: was

text: reported

text: stolen

text: in

text: September

text: from

text: a

text: secured

text: vault

text: in

text: South

text: El

text: Monte

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: County

text: The

text: report

text: was

text: made

text: by

text: someone

text: who

text: claimed

text: to

text: own

text: the

text: giant

text: gemstone

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Sheriff

text: 's

text: Lt

text: Thomas

text: Grubb

text: said

text: Federal

text: court

text: papers

text: showed

text: the

text: emerald

text: has

text: been

text: at

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: a

text: dispute

text: between

text: a

text: California

text: man

text: who

text: claimed

text: ownership

text: a

text: company

text: he

text: contracted

text: with

text: to

text: sell

text: it

text: and

text: a

text: potential

text: buyer

text: Detective

text: work

text: traced

text: the

text: Brazilian

text: stone

text: to

text: a

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: Nevada

text: warehouse

text: where

text: the

text: person

text: in

text: possession

text: claimed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: rightful

text: owner

text: Grubb

text: said

text: A

text: federal

text: judge

text: ordered

text: the

text: sheriff

text: to

text: hold

text: the

text: emerald

text: until

text: he

text: can

text: sort

text: the

text: case

text: out

text: Grubb

text: said

text: Investigators

text: suspect

text: someone

text: used

text: falsified

text: papers

text: to

text: remove

text: the

text: stone

text: from

text: the

text: secured

text: vault

text: in

text: California

text: although

text: no

text: criminal

text: charges

text: have

text: been

text: filed

text: Grubb

text: said

text: While

text: Grubb

text: said

text: it

text: was

text: his

text: understanding

text: the

text: stone

text: had

text: been

text: appraised

text: at

text: million

text: the

text: value

text: is

text: unclear

text: The

text: company

text: hired

text: by

text: the

text: owner

text: to

text: sell

text: it

text: said

text: in

text: court

text: papers

text: it

text: had

text: received

text: a

text: million

text: offer

text: which

text: the

text: company

text: wanted

text: to

text: accept

text: It

text: alleged

text: the

text: gemstone

text: 's

text: owner

text: then

text: tried

text: to

text: go

text: around

text: the

text: broker

text: to

text: sell

text: the

text: emerald

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: buyer

text: for

text: million

text: At

text: one

text: point

text: the

text: emerald

text: was

text: listed

text: for

text: sale

text: on

text: eBay

text: for

text: a

text: buy

text: it

text: now

text: price

text: of

text: million

question: What is the gem potentially worth?

answer: as much as $370 million

text: as much as $370 million

question: What type of gemstone is the center of a dispute?

answer: An 850-pound emerald

text: An 850-pound emerald

question: Who is the seller?

answer: gemstone's owner

text: gemstone's owner

question: What are the seller, buyer, and the broker arguing over?

answer: 850-pound emerald

text: 850-pound emerald

question: What is the value of this emerald?

answer: $370 million

text: $370 million

question: L.A. sheriff took custody of what?

answer: An 850-pound emerald

text: An 850-pound emerald

question: What did the L.A. sheriff take custody of?

answer: 850-pound emerald

text: 850-pound emerald

question: Where is the gemstone from?

answer: a secured vault in South El Monte in Los Angeles County.

text: a secured vault in South El Monte in Los Angeles County.

question: How many carats is the gemstone?

answer: 180,000-carat

question: How many carats is the stone?

answer: 180,000-carat

question: The seller, buyer and broker are arguing over what?

answer: 850-pound emerald

text: 850-pound emerald


text:
Port-au-Prince, Haiti (CNN) -- Slashing red tape or ignoring ordinarily required paperwork, officials in the United States and the Netherlands have cleared the way for scores of Haitian orphans to leave their earthquake-ravaged homeland, according to officials from the two countries.

All of the children had adoptions pending with prospective parents in the two countries before Tuesday's 7.0-magnitude quake, and government officials said paperwork was expedited or put on hold to make transfers happen on an emergency basis.

300 children have pending adoption cases with American families. Six children arrived in Florida Sunday night, met by their adoptive parents with hugs and tears of happiness.

The Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs has chartered a plane to pick up about 100 children Monday, spokesman Aad Meijer told CNN.

Dutch Justice Minister Ernst Hirsch Ballin over the weekend granted the children entry into the country, although their paperwork, including travel and adoption documents, was incomplete, Justice Ministry spokesman Patrick Mikkelsen told CNN.

About 44 of the orphans' adoptions had yet to be approved by a Haitian judge, even though they were matched to Dutch parents, Mikkelsen said. Dutch officials may seek the remaining approvals from Haiti once the children have already settled in the Netherlands, he added.

Haiti is home to about 380,000 orphans, according to the United Nations Children's Fund, and that number is expected to grow in the wake of Tuesday's earthquake. And those who lived in orphanages before Tuesday may be homeless now, as reports of destroyed orphanages have come throughout the quake zone.

Full coverage of the earthquake in Haiti

Some children who lost parents in the quake or were separated from parents are being relocated to the Dominican Republic, a child advocacy group said.

About 50 orphaned and abandoned children will arrive in the border town of Jimani on Wednesday, Kids Alive International said. The efforts, coordinated with the governments of both countries, will eventually take the children back to Haiti. Some will be reunited with parents who lost communication with their children in the quake's aftermath, the group said.

View or add to CNN's database of missing persons in Haiti

CNN's Melissa Gray and Richard Greene in London contributed to this report.

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: Haiti

text: CNN

text: Slashing

text: red

text: tape

text: or

text: ignoring

text: ordinarily

text: required

text: paperwork

text: officials

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: have

text: cleared

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: scores

text: of

text: Haitian

text: orphans

text: to

text: leave

text: their

text: earthquake

text: ravaged

text: homeland

text: according

text: to

text: officials

text: from

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: All

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: had

text: adoptions

text: pending

text: with

text: prospective

text: parents

text: in

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: before

text: Tuesday

text: 's

text: quake

text: and

text: government

text: officials

text: said

text: paperwork

text: was

text: expedited

text: or

text: put

text: on

text: hold

text: to

text: make

text: transfers

text: happen

text: on

text: an

text: emergency

text: basis

text: children

text: have

text: pending

text: adoption

text: cases

text: with

text: American

text: families

text: Six

text: children

text: arrived

text: in

text: Florida

text: Sunday

text: night

text: met

text: by

text: their

text: adoptive

text: parents

text: with

text: hugs

text: and

text: tears

text: of

text: happiness

text: The

text: Dutch

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Foreign

text: Affairs

text: has

text: chartered

text: a

text: plane

text: to

text: pick

text: up

text: about

text: children

text: Monday

text: spokesman

text: Aad

text: Meijer

text: told

text: CNN

text: Dutch

text: Justice

text: Minister

text: Ernst

text: Hirsch

text: Ballin

text: over

text: the

text: weekend

text: granted

text: the

text: children

text: entry

text: into

text: the

text: country

text: although

text: their

text: paperwork

text: including

text: travel

text: and

text: adoption

text: documents

text: was

text: incomplete

text: Justice

text: Ministry

text: spokesman

text: Patrick

text: Mikkelsen

text: told

text: CNN

text: About

text: of

text: the

text: orphans

text: adoptions

text: had

text: yet

text: to

text: be

text: approved

text: by

text: a

text: Haitian

text: judge

text: even

text: though

text: they

text: were

text: matched

text: to

text: Dutch

text: parents

text: Mikkelsen

text: said

text: Dutch

text: officials

text: may

text: seek

text: the

text: remaining

text: approvals

text: from

text: Haiti

text: once

text: the

text: children

text: have

text: already

text: settled

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: he

text: added

text: Haiti

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: about

text: orphans

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Children

text: 's

text: Fund

text: and

text: that

text: number

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: grow

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: Tuesday

text: 's

text: earthquake

text: And

text: those

text: who

text: lived

text: in

text: orphanages

text: before

text: Tuesday

text: may

text: be

text: homeless

text: now

text: as

text: reports

text: of

text: destroyed

text: orphanages

text: have

text: come

text: throughout

text: the

text: quake

text: zone

text: Full

text: coverage

text: of

text: the

text: earthquake

text: in

text: Haiti

text: Some

text: children

text: who

text: lost

text: parents

text: in

text: the

text: quake

text: or

text: were

text: separated

text: from

text: parents

text: are

text: being

text: relocated

text: to

text: the

text: Dominican

text: Republic

text: a

text: child

text: advocacy

text: group

text: said

text: About

text: orphaned

text: and

text: abandoned

text: children

text: will

text: arrive

text: in

text: the

text: border

text: town

text: of

text: Jimani

text: on

text: Wednesday

text: Kids

text: Alive

text: International

text: said

text: The

text: efforts

text: coordinated

text: with

text: the

text: governments

text: of

text: both

text: countries

text: will

text: eventually

text: take

text: the

text: children

text: back

text: to

text: Haiti

text: Some

text: will

text: be

text: reunited

text: with

text: parents

text: who

text: lost

text: communication

text: with

text: their

text: children

text: in

text: the

text: quake

text: 's

text: aftermath

text: the

text: group

text: said

text: View

text: or

text: add

text: to

text: CNN

text: 's

text: database

text: of

text: missing

text: persons

text: in

text: Haiti

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Melissa

text: Gray

text: and

text: Richard

text: Greene

text: in

text: London

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: How many orphans are in Haiti?

answer: 380,000

question: Who is adopting the six orphans?

answer: American families.

text: American families.

question: Who slashed the red tape?

answer: United States and the Netherlands

text: United States and the Netherlands

question: What number of kids will the plane pick up Monday?

answer: 100

question: How many kids will be picked up?

answer: 100

question: What number of children arrived in Miami?

answer: Six

text: Six


text:
(CNN) -- Lighthouse keeper J.A. Eckerman was the last person to see World War II Soviet submarine S-2 before it sank in January 1940 between Sweden and Finland.

A team of Swedish and Finnish divers had been searching for the Soviet submarine S-2 since 1999.

As the submarine dove near the island of Market, northwest of Aland, Eckerman heard a loud explosion and saw smoke rise from the water.

The long-lost wreck was missing for 69 years until a team of Swedish and Finnish divers -- including Eckerman's grandson Ingvald -- discovered it this year.

What remains of the sub was found between the Swedish coast and the Finnish island of Aland, northeast of Stockholm, in late February, the divers announced Tuesday.

The submarine was very badly damaged by the explosion, said Marten Zetterstrom, one of the divers. The front gun is still there, and a torpedo is still in one of the tubes, but about 20 meters (about 65 feet) of the vessel is missing.

The search had been going on for nearly 10 years, the divers said in a news release.

The sub had a crew of 46 and four passengers when it sank.

Sweden and Finland claim credit for sinking the submarine with mines. Russia has contacted Swedish and Finnish authorities to clarify what caused the submarine to sink, the divers said.

Finland was at war with the Soviet Union at the time the sub sank. A deal between Germany and the Soviets had put the Nordic nation within the Soviet "sphere of influence," and Soviet troops had invaded Finland late in 1939.

The fighting was mostly confined to Finland's eastern border. Just two months after the submarine's sinking, a temporary peace agreement was reached.

Sweden remained neutral in World War II.

CNN's Per Nyberg contributed to this report.

text: CNN

text: Lighthouse

text: keeper

text: J.A.

text: Eckerman

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: person

text: to

text: see

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Soviet

text: submarine

text: before

text: it

text: sank

text: in

text: January

text: between

text: Sweden

text: and

text: Finland

text: A

text: team

text: of

text: Swedish

text: and

text: Finnish

text: divers

text: had

text: been

text: searching

text: for

text: the

text: Soviet

text: submarine

text: since

text: As

text: the

text: submarine

text: dove

text: near

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Market

text: northwest

text: of

text: Aland

text: Eckerman

text: heard

text: a

text: loud

text: explosion

text: and

text: saw

text: smoke

text: rise

text: from

text: the

text: water

text: The

text: long

text: lost

text: wreck

text: was

text: missing

text: for

text: years

text: until

text: a

text: team

text: of

text: Swedish

text: and

text: Finnish

text: divers

text: including

text: Eckerman

text: 's

text: grandson

text: Ingvald

text: discovered

text: it

text: this

text: year

text: What

text: remains

text: of

text: the

text: sub

text: was

text: found

text: between

text: the

text: Swedish

text: coast

text: and

text: the

text: Finnish

text: island

text: of

text: Aland

text: northeast

text: of

text: Stockholm

text: in

text: late

text: February

text: the

text: divers

text: announced

text: Tuesday

text: The

text: submarine

text: was

text: very

text: badly

text: damaged

text: by

text: the

text: explosion

text: said

text: Marten

text: Zetterstrom

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: divers

text: The

text: front

text: gun

text: is

text: still

text: there

text: and

text: a

text: torpedo

text: is

text: still

text: in

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: tubes

text: but

text: about

text: meters

text: about

text: feet

text: of

text: the

text: vessel

text: is

text: missing

text: The

text: search

text: had

text: been

text: going

text: on

text: for

text: nearly

text: years

text: the

text: divers

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: news

text: release

text: The

text: sub

text: had

text: a

text: crew

text: of

text: and

text: four

text: passengers

text: when

text: it

text: sank

text: Sweden

text: and

text: Finland

text: claim

text: credit

text: for

text: sinking

text: the

text: submarine

text: with

text: mines

text: Russia

text: has

text: contacted

text: Swedish

text: and

text: Finnish

text: authorities

text: to

text: clarify

text: what

text: caused

text: the

text: submarine

text: to

text: sink

text: the

text: divers

text: said

text: Finland

text: was

text: at

text: war

text: with

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: sub

text: sank

text: A

text: deal

text: between

text: Germany

text: and

text: the

text: Soviets

text: had

text: put

text: the

text: Nordic

text: nation

text: within

text: the

text: Soviet

text: sphere

text: of

text: influence

text: and

text: Soviet

text: troops

text: had

text: invaded

text: Finland

text: late

text: in

text: The

text: fighting

text: was

text: mostly

text: confined

text: to

text: Finland

text: 's

text: eastern

text: border

text: Just

text: two

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: submarine

text: 's

text: sinking

text: a

text: temporary

text: peace

text: agreement

text: was

text: reached

text: Sweden

text: remained

text: neutral

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Per

text: Nyberg

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: How many people were on Soviet submarine s-2?

answer: crew of 46 and four passengers

text: crew of 46 and four passengers

question: WHere were remains found?

answer: between the Swedish coast and the Finnish island of Aland,

text: between the Swedish coast and the Finnish island of Aland,

question: Who claims credit for sinking submarine with mines?

answer: Sweden and Finland

text: Sweden and Finland

question: Where did it sink?

answer: between Sweden and Finland.

text: between Sweden and Finland.

question: Which countries claim credit for the sinking of the submarine

answer: Sweden and Finland

text: Sweden and Finland

question: What was the number on board?

answer: crew of 46 and four passengers

text: crew of 46 and four passengers

question: How many where onboard the submarine when it sank

answer: crew of 46 and four passengers

text: crew of 46 and four passengers

question: Which countries claim to have sunk it?

answer: Sweden and Finland

text: Sweden and Finland


text:
Sumatra, Indonesia (CNN) -- A loud crack echoes throughout the canopy as two young orangutans come tumbling down, grasping at branches along the way to break their fall. They recover and sheepishly scamper back up.

This is lesson one of jungle school here in the forests of central Sumatra, one of the few places where orangutans are being successfully rehabilitated into the wild.

"They have to learn that their whole environment is completely different from the cage," says Peter Pratje of the Frankfurt Zoological Society. "They have to learn that branches and small trees -- the size of bars in the cage -- don't carry them any longer. They bend and break."

"During the first phase of this jungle training, they are very often falling out of the trees because they use rotten branches."

The two youngsters swing awkwardly between the trees. On the ground below, their trainers keep a watchful eye and try to coax them toward fruit trees. Learning to forage is another crucial lesson in survival.

Back in the massive enclosure, the orangutans undergo enrichment exercises to keep their minds occupied and prolong their feeding time.

Success here is critical. Scientists say the Sumatran orangutan will be the first great ape to go extinct.

"The orangutan is an extremely vulnerable species because they have a very slow breeding cycle. Usually an orangutan stays for around 7 to 9 years with its mother," Pratje says. "Besides natural mortality, if there is only a little increase in mortality over a longer time already it drives an orangutan population to extinction."

The numbers of Sumatran orangutans have already dwindled to around  6,000. The main reason for that is habitat destruction. Sumatra has lost 85 percent of its natural forest, mainly due to palm oil and pulp and paper companies, scientists say.

The sanctuary, a Frankfurt Zoological Project, is just outside the Bukit Tigapuluh National Park. The lowlands surrounding it are an ideal habitat for orangutans, and it's where those that have been released are choosing to build their habitats. According to the environmental group WWF, it's also home to the endangered Sumatran elephant and a quarter of the critically endangered Sumatran tigers left in the wild.

But the area, which is not currently protected, is being threatened by pulp and paper companies that want to see the region turned into plantations. So far the government has rejected logging permits, but unless this is declared a conservation area, Pratje and other conservationists fear that could change.

So far, more than 100 orangutans have been released here, with just over a dozen more in various stages of training. Pratje has lived here since he established the sanctuary seven years ago, dedicating his entire life to this project.

"It's like fighting for a member of my family," he says. "I love them because they are smart, smarter than other great apes."

But he says the fight is not just about the extinction of a species. The orangutan has become the ambassador for the threatened rainforest.

"If we sacrifice these forests, we may sacrifice our chances for getting medicine for important diseases," he says. "The problem is there is no second chance. If you shut down an ecosystem that is hundreds of years old, you can't regrow it any longer.

"So this is the last chance."

text: Sumatra

text: Indonesia

text: CNN

text: A

text: loud

text: crack

text: echoes

text: throughout

text: the

text: canopy

text: as

text: two

text: young

text: orangutans

text: come

text: tumbling

text: down

text: grasping

text: at

text: branches

text: along

text: the

text: way

text: to

text: break

text: their

text: fall

text: They

text: recover

text: and

text: sheepishly

text: scamper

text: back

text: up

text: This

text: is

text: lesson

text: one

text: of

text: jungle

text: school

text: here

text: in

text: the

text: forests

text: of

text: central

text: Sumatra

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: few

text: places

text: where

text: orangutans

text: are

text: being

text: successfully

text: rehabilitated

text: into

text: the

text: wild

text: They

text: have

text: to

text: learn

text: that

text: their

text: whole

text: environment

text: is

text: completely

text: different

text: from

text: the

text: cage

text: says

text: Peter

text: Pratje

text: of

text: the

text: Frankfurt

text: Zoological

text: Society

text: They

text: have

text: to

text: learn

text: that

text: branches

text: and

text: small

text: trees

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: bars

text: in

text: the

text: cage

text: do

text: n't

text: carry

text: them

text: any

text: longer

text: They

text: bend

text: and

text: break

text: During

text: the

text: first

text: phase

text: of

text: this

text: jungle

text: training

text: they

text: are

text: very

text: often

text: falling

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: trees

text: because

text: they

text: use

text: rotten

text: branches

text: The

text: two

text: youngsters

text: swing

text: awkwardly

text: between

text: the

text: trees

text: On

text: the

text: ground

text: below

text: their

text: trainers

text: keep

text: a

text: watchful

text: eye

text: and

text: try

text: to

text: coax

text: them

text: toward

text: fruit

text: trees

text: Learning

text: to

text: forage

text: is

text: another

text: crucial

text: lesson

text: in

text: survival

text: Back

text: in

text: the

text: massive

text: enclosure

text: the

text: orangutans

text: undergo

text: enrichment

text: exercises

text: to

text: keep

text: their

text: minds

text: occupied

text: and

text: prolong

text: their

text: feeding

text: time

text: Success

text: here

text: is

text: critical

text: Scientists

text: say

text: the

text: Sumatran

text: orangutan

text: will

text: be

text: the

text: first

text: great

text: ape

text: to

text: go

text: extinct

text: The

text: orangutan

text: is

text: an

text: extremely

text: vulnerable

text: species

text: because

text: they

text: have

text: a

text: very

text: slow

text: breeding

text: cycle

text: Usually

text: an

text: orangutan

text: stays

text: for

text: around

text: to

text: years

text: with

text: its

text: mother

text: Pratje

text: says

text: Besides

text: natural

text: mortality

text: if

text: there

text: is

text: only

text: a

text: little

text: increase

text: in

text: mortality

text: over

text: a

text: longer

text: time

text: already

text: it

text: drives

text: an

text: orangutan

text: population

text: to

text: extinction

text: The

text: numbers

text: of

text: Sumatran

text: orangutans

text: have

text: already

text: dwindled

text: to

text: around

text: The

text: main

text: reason

text: for

text: that

text: is

text: habitat

text: destruction

text: Sumatra

text: has

text: lost

text: percent

text: of

text: its

text: natural

text: forest

text: mainly

text: due

text: to

text: palm

text: oil

text: and

text: pulp

text: and

text: paper

text: companies

text: scientists

text: say

text: The

text: sanctuary

text: a

text: Frankfurt

text: Zoological

text: Project

text: is

text: just

text: outside

text: the

text: Bukit

text: Tigapuluh

text: National

text: Park

text: The

text: lowlands

text: surrounding

text: it

text: are

text: an

text: ideal

text: habitat

text: for

text: orangutans

text: and

text: it

text: 's

text: where

text: those

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: released

text: are

text: choosing

text: to

text: build

text: their

text: habitats

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: environmental

text: group

text: WWF

text: it

text: 's

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: endangered

text: Sumatran

text: elephant

text: and

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: critically

text: endangered

text: Sumatran

text: tigers

text: left

text: in

text: the

text: wild

text: But

text: the

text: area

text: which

text: is

text: not

text: currently

text: protected

text: is

text: being

text: threatened

text: by

text: pulp

text: and

text: paper

text: companies

text: that

text: want

text: to

text: see

text: the

text: region

text: turned

text: into

text: plantations

text: So

text: far

text: the

text: government

text: has

text: rejected

text: logging

text: permits

text: but

text: unless

text: this

text: is

text: declared

text: a

text: conservation

text: area

text: Pratje

text: and

text: other

text: conservationists

text: fear

text: that

text: could

text: change

text: So

text: far

text: more

text: than

text: orangutans

text: have

text: been

text: released

text: here

text: with

text: just

text: over

text: a

text: dozen

text: more

text: in

text: various

text: stages

text: of

text: training

text: Pratje

text: has

text: lived

text: here

text: since

text: he

text: established

text: the

text: sanctuary

text: seven

text: years

text: ago

text: dedicating

text: his

text: entire

text: life

text: to

text: this

text: project

text: It

text: 's

text: like

text: fighting

text: for

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: my

text: family

text: he

text: says

text: I

text: love

text: them

text: because

text: they

text: are

text: smart

text: smarter

text: than

text: other

text: great

text: apes

text: But

text: he

text: says

text: the

text: fight

text: is

text: not

text: just

text: about

text: the

text: extinction

text: of

text: a

text: species

text: The

text: orangutan

text: has

text: become

text: the

text: ambassador

text: for

text: the

text: threatened

text: rainforest

text: If

text: we

text: sacrifice

text: these

text: forests

text: we

text: may

text: sacrifice

text: our

text: chances

text: for

text: getting

text: medicine

text: for

text: important

text: diseases

text: he

text: says

text: The

text: problem

text: is

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: second

text: chance

text: If

text: you

text: shut

text: down

text: an

text: ecosystem

text: that

text: is

text: hundreds

text: of

text: years

text: old

text: you

text: ca

text: n't

text: regrow

text: it

text: any

text: longer

text: So

text: this

text: is

text: the

text: last

text: chance

question: What are orangutans in Sumatra threatened by?

answer: habitat destruction.

text: habitat destruction.

question: What makes the orangutan vulnerable?

answer: they have a very slow breeding cycle.

text: they have a very slow breeding cycle.

question: What is a vulnerable species?

answer: "The orangutan

text: "The orangutan

question: What did Peter Pratje say?

answer: "They have to learn that their whole environment is completely different from the cage,"

text: "They have to learn that their whole environment is completely different from the cage,"

question: What does Peter Pratje say about the orangutans?

answer: "They have to learn that their whole environment is completely different from the cage,"

text: "They have to learn that their whole environment is completely different from the cage,"