text:
(CNN) -- In Mexico City, the government ran out of surgical masks after handing them out to one of every five residents.

A mother and son wear face masks as protection from swine flu at Sydney international Airport in Australia.

Manufacturers and pharmacies in Europe are also reporting a surge in demand for face masks. And a Texas-based surgical mask producer says it's ramping up to meet demand and expects a shortage of masks.

But their real value seems to be in keeping people who are already ill from spreading the virus, rather than protecting healthy people, experts said.

Dr. Richard Besser, acting director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, said Monday in a press briefing that the "evidence is not very strong" for masks' value outside of health care settings, and outside of settings in which people come into face-to-face contact with a person with an infectious disease.

"We would not recommend that people generally wear masks in their workplace as a precautionary measure," he said.  Watch for more on staying safe from swine flu Â»

The World Health Organization (WHO) also warns against relying on face masks, especially for those not infected with the virus.

"They are mainly useful for people who are already sick, to prevent spreading. Not so much to stop people from catching the virus," Sarah Cumberland of the WHO told CNN.

The United Kingdom's Health Protection Agency also told CNN that the use of face masks was not necessary or recommended for protection against the swine flu virus.

Although it's not known for sure how much benefit a surgical mask has in preventing the transmission of swine flu, people who have the illness may consider wearing one as a way to reduce the amount they cough and sneeze onto others, said Dr. Arthur Reingold, head of the epidemiology division at the University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health.

"I think that this is a perfectly reasonable thing for someone with a respiratory illness to do," he said.

More effective than soft surgical masks is the N95, which is an example of a "respirator." This kind of tight-fitting face covering protects people against breathing very small particles, which may contain viruses. The downside is that it's more expensive, uncomfortable to wear for long periods of time and has to be custom fit, Reingold said, so it's suited for people working in high-risk laboratories.

Masks carry both physical and psychological benefits, said Dr. Julio Frenk, former health minister of Mexico and current dean of the Harvard School of Public Health.

Masks are a "reminder to people that they should avoid close contact with other persons," he said. "They also have this effect of isolating people and reminding them that they should not be kissing people, shaking hands, things like that."

For health care workers, it's important to have high-efficiency masks, which protect better against infectious diseases, he said.

But people in the United States should generally not have to wear masks because the cases are localized, he said. By contrast, it is more of a widespread problem in Mexico, especially in the capital city, a "huge urban conglomeration."

Measures such as closing schools are the most effective in stopping the spread of the disease, he said. Mexico's schools are closed until at least May 6.

By early Tuesday, the swine flu outbreak in Mexico was suspected in 152 deaths and more than 1,600 illnesses, the country's health minister said.

Swine flu has reached  phase 4 (out of 6) on the pandemic scale, according to the WHO guidelines, but has not yet attained the status of global pandemic.

During a flu pandemic, people should consider wearing a face mask if they are sick with the flu, live with someone who has the flu or need to be in a crowded place, the CDC Web site says.

If you are caring for a person thought to have pandemic flu or will be close to someone who may have it, consider a respirator, for example an N95 or high-filtering face piece respirator, the CDC Web site says. Some health care workers, such as nurses and doctors, use respirators when dealing with patients who have airborne diseases, the CDC said. iReport.com: Worried about swine flu?

In the current swine flu situation, rather than masks, the CDC is pushing hand-washing, covering coughs and refraining from "giving somebody that little kiss of greeting," Besser said.

"If you're in an infected area or if you have the swine flu, it's probably best not to, to not give a kiss, but we're not recommending an end of affection during the period. It's a period of time when we need a little more affection, but doing it in a way that isn't going to transmit a respiratory disease would be a CDC approach," he said.

text: CNN

text: In

text: Mexico

text: City

text: the

text: government

text: ran

text: out

text: of

text: surgical

text: masks

text: after

text: handing

text: them

text: out

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: every

text: five

text: residents

text: A

text: mother

text: and

text: son

text: wear

text: face

text: masks

text: as

text: protection

text: from

text: swine

text: flu

text: at

text: Sydney

text: international

text: Airport

text: in

text: Australia

text: Manufacturers

text: and

text: pharmacies

text: in

text: Europe

text: are

text: also

text: reporting

text: a

text: surge

text: in

text: demand

text: for

text: face

text: masks

text: And

text: a

text: Texas

text: based

text: surgical

text: mask

text: producer

text: says

text: it

text: 's

text: ramping

text: up

text: to

text: meet

text: demand

text: and

text: expects

text: a

text: shortage

text: of

text: masks

text: But

text: their

text: real

text: value

text: seems

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: keeping

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: already

text: ill

text: from

text: spreading

text: the

text: virus

text: rather

text: than

text: protecting

text: healthy

text: people

text: experts

text: said

text: Dr.

text: Richard

text: Besser

text: acting

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Centers

text: for

text: Disease

text: Control

text: and

text: Prevention

text: said

text: Monday

text: in

text: a

text: press

text: briefing

text: that

text: the

text: evidence

text: is

text: not

text: very

text: strong

text: for

text: masks

text: value

text: outside

text: of

text: health

text: care

text: settings

text: and

text: outside

text: of

text: settings

text: in

text: which

text: people

text: come

text: into

text: face

text: to

text: face

text: contact

text: with

text: a

text: person

text: with

text: an

text: infectious

text: disease

text: We

text: would

text: not

text: recommend

text: that

text: people

text: generally

text: wear

text: masks

text: in

text: their

text: workplace

text: as

text: a

text: precautionary

text: measure

text: he

text: said

text: Watch

text: for

text: more

text: on

text: staying

text: safe

text: from

text: swine

text: flu

text: Â

text: The

text: World

text: Health

text: Organization

text: WHO

text: also

text: warns

text: against

text: relying

text: on

text: face

text: masks

text: especially

text: for

text: those

text: not

text: infected

text: with

text: the

text: virus

text: They

text: are

text: mainly

text: useful

text: for

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: already

text: sick

text: to

text: prevent

text: spreading

text: Not

text: so

text: much

text: to

text: stop

text: people

text: from

text: catching

text: the

text: virus

text: Sarah

text: Cumberland

text: of

text: the

text: WHO

text: told

text: CNN

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: 's

text: Health

text: Protection

text: Agency

text: also

text: told

text: CNN

text: that

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: face

text: masks

text: was

text: not

text: necessary

text: or

text: recommended

text: for

text: protection

text: against

text: the

text: swine

text: flu

text: virus

text: Although

text: it

text: 's

text: not

text: known

text: for

text: sure

text: how

text: much

text: benefit

text: a

text: surgical

text: mask

text: has

text: in

text: preventing

text: the

text: transmission

text: of

text: swine

text: flu

text: people

text: who

text: have

text: the

text: illness

text: may

text: consider

text: wearing

text: one

text: as

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: reduce

text: the

text: amount

text: they

text: cough

text: and

text: sneeze

text: onto

text: others

text: said

text: Dr.

text: Arthur

text: Reingold

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: epidemiology

text: division

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: California

text: Berkeley

text: School

text: of

text: Public

text: Health

text: I

text: think

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: perfectly

text: reasonable

text: thing

text: for

text: someone

text: with

text: a

text: respiratory

text: illness

text: to

text: do

text: he

text: said

text: More

text: effective

text: than

text: soft

text: surgical

text: masks

text: is

text: the

text: which

text: is

text: an

text: example

text: of

text: a

text: respirator

text: This

text: kind

text: of

text: tight

text: fitting

text: face

text: covering

text: protects

text: people

text: against

text: breathing

text: very

text: small

text: particles

text: which

text: may

text: contain

text: viruses

text: The

text: downside

text: is

text: that

text: it

text: 's

text: more

text: expensive

text: uncomfortable

text: to

text: wear

text: for

text: long

text: periods

text: of

text: time

text: and

text: has

text: to

text: be

text: custom

text: fit

text: Reingold

text: said

text: so

text: it

text: 's

text: suited

text: for

text: people

text: working

text: in

text: high

text: risk

text: laboratories

text: Masks

text: carry

text: both

text: physical

text: and

text: psychological

text: benefits

text: said

text: Dr.

text: Julio

text: Frenk

text: former

text: health

text: minister

text: of

text: Mexico

text: and

text: current

text: dean

text: of

text: the

text: Harvard

text: School

text: of

text: Public

text: Health

text: Masks

text: are

text: a

text: reminder

text: to

text: people

text: that

text: they

text: should

text: avoid

text: close

text: contact

text: with

text: other

text: persons

text: he

text: said

text: They

text: also

text: have

text: this

text: effect

text: of

text: isolating

text: people

text: and

text: reminding

text: them

text: that

text: they

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: kissing

text: people

text: shaking

text: hands

text: things

text: like

text: that

text: For

text: health

text: care

text: workers

text: it

text: 's

text: important

text: to

text: have

text: high

text: efficiency

text: masks

text: which

text: protect

text: better

text: against

text: infectious

text: diseases

text: he

text: said

text: But

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: should

text: generally

text: not

text: have

text: to

text: wear

text: masks

text: because

text: the

text: cases

text: are

text: localized

text: he

text: said

text: By

text: contrast

text: it

text: is

text: more

text: of

text: a

text: widespread

text: problem

text: in

text: Mexico

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: a

text: huge

text: urban

text: conglomeration

text: Measures

text: such

text: as

text: closing

text: schools

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: effective

text: in

text: stopping

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: the

text: disease

text: he

text: said

text: Mexico

text: 's

text: schools

text: are

text: closed

text: until

text: at

text: least

text: May

text: By

text: early

text: Tuesday

text: the

text: swine

text: flu

text: outbreak

text: in

text: Mexico

text: was

text: suspected

text: in

text: deaths

text: and

text: more

text: than

text: illnesses

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: health

text: minister

text: said

text: Swine

text: flu

text: has

text: reached

text: phase

text: out

text: of

text: on

text: the

text: pandemic

text: scale

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: WHO

text: guidelines

text: but

text: has

text: not

text: yet

text: attained

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: global

text: pandemic

text: During

text: a

text: flu

text: pandemic

text: people

text: should

text: consider

text: wearing

text: a

text: face

text: mask

text: if

text: they

text: are

text: sick

text: with

text: the

text: flu

text: live

text: with

text: someone

text: who

text: has

text: the

text: flu

text: or

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: a

text: crowded

text: place

text: the

text: CDC

text: Web

text: site

text: says

text: If

text: you

text: are

text: caring

text: for

text: a

text: person

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: pandemic

text: flu

text: or

text: will

text: be

text: close

text: to

text: someone

text: who

text: may

text: have

text: it

text: consider

text: a

text: respirator

text: for

text: example

text: an

text: or

text: high

text: filtering

text: face

text: piece

text: respirator

text: the

text: CDC

text: Web

text: site

text: says

text: Some

text: health

text: care

text: workers

text: such

text: as

text: nurses

text: and

text: doctors

text: use

text: respirators

text: when

text: dealing

text: with

text: patients

text: who

text: have

text: airborne

text: diseases

text: the

text: CDC

text: said

text: iReport.com

text: Worried

text: about

text: swine

text: flu

text: In

text: the

text: current

text: swine

text: flu

text: situation

text: rather

text: than

text: masks

text: the

text: CDC

text: is

text: pushing

text: hand

text: washing

text: covering

text: coughs

text: and

text: refraining

text: from

text: giving

text: somebody

text: that

text: little

text: kiss

text: of

text: greeting

text: Besser

text: said

text: If

text: you

text: 're

text: in

text: an

text: infected

text: area

text: or

text: if

text: you

text: have

text: the

text: swine

text: flu

text: it

text: 's

text: probably

text: best

text: not

text: to

text: to

text: not

text: give

text: a

text: kiss

text: but

text: we

text: 're

text: not

text: recommending

text: an

text: end

text: of

text: affection

text: during

text: the

text: period

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: when

text: we

text: need

text: a

text: little

text: more

text: affection

text: but

text: doing

text: it

text: in

text: a

text: way

text: that

text: is

text: n't

text: going

text: to

text: transmit

text: a

text: respiratory

text: disease

text: would

text: be

text: a

text: CDC

text: approach

text: he

text: said

question: What is the name of the more effective type of mask?

answer: N95,

question: What is in demand

answer: face masks.

text: face masks.

question: What is unknown

answer: how much benefit a surgical mask has in preventing the transmission of swine flu,

text: how much benefit a surgical mask has in preventing the transmission of swine flu,

question: Masks carry both physical and psychological what according to a doctor?

answer: benefits,

text: benefits,

question: Manufacturers and pharmacies are reporting a surge in demand for what?

answer: face masks.

text: face masks.


text:
Washington (CNN) -- Voices recorded by inventor Alexander Graham Bell more than 125 years ago are being heard now, thanks to digital imaging technology.

"It's not high fidelity, but you can definitely figure out what they're saying," said Carl Haber of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, one of the scientists working on the project in a laboratory at the Library of Congress.

The early audio recordings were made during an intensely competitive time, when scientists were racing to improve on Thomas Edison's phonograph, which was invented in 1877.

Scientists like Bell, who worked at his Volta Laboratory in the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, were looking to improve both the quality of the phonograph and the nature of the sound to make the product commercially viable.

"I think this is a very critical episode in the history of American invention and innovation and it highlights an otherwise unknown aspect of Washington, D.C., at the end of the 19th century as the center of invention and innovation," said Carlene Stephens, curator of the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History.

Bell sent recordings to the Smithsonian in the 1880s for safekeeping, and to prove his scientific finds in case of patent questions.

But there was no playback device, so "the collection has been silent," said Stephens.

Enter modern-day scientists Haber and Earl Cornell, who took detailed photos of the discs made in Bell's laboratory and created a virtual playback machine on a computer.

"To be or not to be, that is the question," begins one of the recordings from a green wax disc that scientists believe was recorded in 1885. The male voice reading the famous quote from Shakespeare's Hamlet is muddled, but understandable.

On a glass disc recording from 1884, a voice can be heard saying the word "barometer" several times. And on another type of wax recording from 1885, a man is heard reading a description of a cotton factory in New Hampshire.

To get the audio from the discs, the Berkeley scientists put them on a turntable. As the disc slowly turned, as many as 18,000 images per rotation were recorded in the computer. The images were then stacked up to create a digital profile, which, when read by the computer, played back the sound.

"These technologies are very fast and these computers are fast," said Haber. "Ten years ago, we would be struggling with computer storage and computer speed. Today, commercial technology is up to this task."

There is no physical contact with the historically valuable discs, which helps to protect them for the long term.

The scientists in the 1880s experimented with a variety of experimental mechanisms, many of which the Smithsonian has in their collection. Each disc or cylinder plays differently.

"It turns out this record was designed to play from the inside-out, so that's backwards from how we normally play a record," said Haber, showing reporters the disc.

After the Berkeley Lab scientists had photographed that record, they reversed the information in the computer to play it.

Although the scientists at Bell's Volta Laboratory would have been working on a playback device as they were making the recordings, none of those made it into the Smithsonian's archives.

Three times during the 1880s, Bell sent sealed tin boxes to the Smithsonian Institution with objects and newspapers to prove that his laboratory had made certain discoveries by certain dates in case a patent dispute arose. None ever did. The sealed boxes were opened for the first time in 1937 in the presence of Bell's family.

Bell also donated materials to the Smithsonian during the early 1900s, when he served on the governing board of the museum.

Those items, along with materials from Emile Berliner, a competitor of Bell, are stored at the National Museum of American History. Berliner is credited with inventing the gramophone, the first commercially successful disc and playback machine.

The museum has about 400 early audio recordings made between 1878 and 1898.

text: Washington

text: CNN

text: Voices

text: recorded

text: by

text: inventor

text: Alexander

text: Graham

text: Bell

text: more

text: than

text: years

text: ago

text: are

text: being

text: heard

text: now

text: thanks

text: to

text: digital

text: imaging

text: technology

text: It

text: 's

text: not

text: high

text: fidelity

text: but

text: you

text: can

text: definitely

text: figure

text: out

text: what

text: they

text: 're

text: saying

text: said

text: Carl

text: Haber

text: of

text: Lawrence

text: Berkeley

text: National

text: Laboratory

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: scientists

text: working

text: on

text: the

text: project

text: in

text: a

text: laboratory

text: at

text: the

text: Library

text: of

text: Congress

text: The

text: early

text: audio

text: recordings

text: were

text: made

text: during

text: an

text: intensely

text: competitive

text: time

text: when

text: scientists

text: were

text: racing

text: to

text: improve

text: on

text: Thomas

text: Edison

text: 's

text: phonograph

text: which

text: was

text: invented

text: in

text: Scientists

text: like

text: Bell

text: who

text: worked

text: at

text: his

text: Volta

text: Laboratory

text: in

text: the

text: Georgetown

text: neighborhood

text: of

text: Washington

text: were

text: looking

text: to

text: improve

text: both

text: the

text: quality

text: of

text: the

text: phonograph

text: and

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: sound

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: product

text: commercially

text: viable

text: I

text: think

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: very

text: critical

text: episode

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: American

text: invention

text: and

text: innovation

text: and

text: it

text: highlights

text: an

text: otherwise

text: unknown

text: aspect

text: of

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: as

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: invention

text: and

text: innovation

text: said

text: Carlene

text: Stephens

text: curator

text: of

text: the

text: Smithsonian

text: 's

text: National

text: Museum

text: of

text: American

text: History

text: Bell

text: sent

text: recordings

text: to

text: the

text: Smithsonian

text: in

text: the

text: for

text: safekeeping

text: and

text: to

text: prove

text: his

text: scientific

text: finds

text: in

text: case

text: of

text: patent

text: questions

text: But

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: playback

text: device

text: so

text: the

text: collection

text: has

text: been

text: silent

text: said

text: Stephens

text: Enter

text: modern

text: day

text: scientists

text: Haber

text: and

text: Earl

text: Cornell

text: who

text: took

text: detailed

text: photos

text: of

text: the

text: discs

text: made

text: in

text: Bell

text: 's

text: laboratory

text: and

text: created

text: a

text: virtual

text: playback

text: machine

text: on

text: a

text: computer

text: To

text: be

text: or

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: question

text: begins

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: recordings

text: from

text: a

text: green

text: wax

text: disc

text: that

text: scientists

text: believe

text: was

text: recorded

text: in

text: The

text: male

text: voice

text: reading

text: the

text: famous

text: quote

text: from

text: Shakespeare

text: 's

text: Hamlet

text: is

text: muddled

text: but

text: understandable

text: On

text: a

text: glass

text: disc

text: recording

text: from

text: a

text: voice

text: can

text: be

text: heard

text: saying

text: the

text: word

text: barometer

text: several

text: times

text: And

text: on

text: another

text: type

text: of

text: wax

text: recording

text: from

text: a

text: man

text: is

text: heard

text: reading

text: a

text: description

text: of

text: a

text: cotton

text: factory

text: in

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: To

text: get

text: the

text: audio

text: from

text: the

text: discs

text: the

text: Berkeley

text: scientists

text: put

text: them

text: on

text: a

text: turntable

text: As

text: the

text: disc

text: slowly

text: turned

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: images

text: per

text: rotation

text: were

text: recorded

text: in

text: the

text: computer

text: The

text: images

text: were

text: then

text: stacked

text: up

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: digital

text: profile

text: which

text: when

text: read

text: by

text: the

text: computer

text: played

text: back

text: the

text: sound

text: These

text: technologies

text: are

text: very

text: fast

text: and

text: these

text: computers

text: are

text: fast

text: said

text: Haber

text: Ten

text: years

text: ago

text: we

text: would

text: be

text: struggling

text: with

text: computer

text: storage

text: and

text: computer

text: speed

text: Today

text: commercial

text: technology

text: is

text: up

text: to

text: this

text: task

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: physical

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: historically

text: valuable

text: discs

text: which

text: helps

text: to

text: protect

text: them

text: for

text: the

text: long

text: term

text: The

text: scientists

text: in

text: the

text: experimented

text: with

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: experimental

text: mechanisms

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: Smithsonian

text: has

text: in

text: their

text: collection

text: Each

text: disc

text: or

text: cylinder

text: plays

text: differently

text: It

text: turns

text: out

text: this

text: record

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: play

text: from

text: the

text: inside

text: out

text: so

text: that

text: 's

text: backwards

text: from

text: how

text: we

text: normally

text: play

text: a

text: record

text: said

text: Haber

text: showing

text: reporters

text: the

text: disc

text: After

text: the

text: Berkeley

text: Lab

text: scientists

text: had

text: photographed

text: that

text: record

text: they

text: reversed

text: the

text: information

text: in

text: the

text: computer

text: to

text: play

text: it

text: Although

text: the

text: scientists

text: at

text: Bell

text: 's

text: Volta

text: Laboratory

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: working

text: on

text: a

text: playback

text: device

text: as

text: they

text: were

text: making

text: the

text: recordings

text: of

text: those

text: made

text: it

text: into

text: the

text: Smithsonian

text: 's

text: archives

text: Three

text: times

text: during

text: the

text: Bell

text: sent

text: sealed

text: tin

text: boxes

text: to

text: the

text: Smithsonian

text: Institution

text: with

text: objects

text: and

text: newspapers

text: to

text: prove

text: that

text: his

text: laboratory

text: had

text: made

text: certain

text: discoveries

text: by

text: certain

text: dates

text: in

text: case

text: a

text: patent

text: dispute

text: arose

text: ever

text: did

text: The

text: sealed

text: boxes

text: were

text: opened

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: Bell

text: 's

text: family

text: Bell

text: also

text: donated

text: materials

text: to

text: the

text: Smithsonian

text: during

text: the

text: early

text: when

text: he

text: served

text: on

text: the

text: governing

text: board

text: of

text: the

text: museum

text: Those

text: items

text: along

text: with

text: materials

text: from

text: Emile

text: Berliner

text: a

text: competitor

text: of

text: Bell

text: are

text: stored

text: at

text: the

text: National

text: Museum

text: of

text: American

text: History

text: Berliner

text: is

text: credited

text: with

text: inventing

text: the

text: gramophone

text: the

text: first

text: commercially

text: successful

text: disc

text: and

text: playback

text: machine

text: The

text: museum

text: has

text: about

text: early

text: audio

text: recordings

text: made

text: between

text: and

question: Where are his early recordings?

answer: Smithsonian

text: Smithsonian

question: What can be heard on one of the recordings?

answer: Voices recorded by inventor Alexander Graham Bell more than 125 years ago

text: Voices recorded by inventor Alexander Graham Bell more than 125 years ago

question: What is a voice heard saying?

answer: "To be or not to be, that is the question,"

text: "To be or not to be, that is the question,"

question: Where are his early recordings located?

answer: Georgetown neighborhood of Washington,

text: Georgetown neighborhood of Washington,

question: Who was working on improving the phonograph?

answer: Scientists like Bell,

text: Scientists like Bell,


text:
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- Defense Secretary Robert Gates is expected to approve sending thousands of additional forces to Afghanistan to deal with the growing threat from roadside bombs, Pentagon spokesman Geoff Morrell said Friday.

Marines detonate a roadside bomb. Injuries from the bombs have increased 700 percent in two years.

Over the past two weeks, Gates has concluded that there are not enough forces or equipment in Afghanistan to protect U.S. troops from the threat of roadside bombs, Morrell said.

The secretary, he said, wants to send these forces "as soon as possible."

Morrell said the deployment would be separate from any that might be requested by Gen. Stanley McChrystal.

The plan could send nearly 3,000 troops, another U.S. military official familiar with the proposal said.

He said Pentagon planners have already identified some of the units that would be sent. This official asked not to be identified because no final decision has been announced.

Plans have been in place to set the U.S. troop level in Afghanistan at 68,000 since earlier this year, when President Obama approved an additional 21,000 troops.

The decision comes at a sensitive time politically. In the last few days, two key Democrats have questioned sending additional troops.

"I don't think there's a great deal of support for sending more troops to Afghanistan in the country or in Congress," Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, D-California, told reporters Thursday.

On Friday, Sen. Carl Levin,  the head of the Senate Armed Services Committee who has recently returned from Afghanistan, said the emphasis should be on training and increasing the size of the Afghanistan army before considering more U.S. forces.

"Our primary goal should be to strengthen the Afghan army and the police, to provide the necessary training and equipment and also to see if we can't reintegrate some of the lower-level Taliban people, who are the young people who aren't the religious zealots but are being taken advantage of by the leaders," Levin, D-Michigan, told MSNBC.

Gates himself has been a vocal opponent of expanding the U.S. presence for fear that the forces would be seen as occupiers by the Afghan population.

But last week, he softened that position, saying McChrystal had made a persuasive argument that the concern should not be on the size of the forces but on their conduct.

Morrell said the proposal may not raise total U.S. troop strength above 68,000, because some of the units already scheduled to go could be sent not fully staffed or others already there could be sent home.

Still, "the secretary has already determined this is a requirement that needs to be fulfilled," Morrell said. "The forces there now require more IED protection."

The troops would specialize in route clearance, explosive ordnance disposal, medical treatment and intelligence-gathering, Morrell said. "We owe this to the troops already committed to the fight," he said.

Since 2007, the number of roadside bombs in Afghanistan has jumped 350 percent, according to the Defense Department. Though many are found before they detonate, the number of troops killed has increased by more than 400 percent and the number wounded is up more 700 percent over the last two years.

One U.S. military source told CNN that the Taliban's capacity to manufacture bombs, train attackers and target U.S. troops has grown over the past year.

On September 8 near Kandahar, troops seized five tons of ammonium nitrate, more than twice the amount used in the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, in 1995.

On August 27, C-4 plastic explosives were found in Herat by Afghan troops.

Afghanistan's rugged terrain and dirt roads make it easy to quickly hide roadside bombs.

"You have disturbed earth all the time," said Gen. Montgomery Meigs, former head of the Department of Defense's IED Task Force. "Especially close to villages and close to intersections -- that just makes the seeing and finding, even by soldiers' eyes, a lot more complicated."

The Taliban have proven adept at adjusting their strategy as circumstances change. Seeing that troops were routinely stopping ahead of culverts to search for bombs that could be hidden under the roads, insurgents have started placing the bombs ahead of the culverts.

text: WASHINGTON

text: CNN

text: Defense

text: Secretary

text: Robert

text: Gates

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: approve

text: sending

text: thousands

text: of

text: additional

text: forces

text: to

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: deal

text: with

text: the

text: growing

text: threat

text: from

text: roadside

text: bombs

text: Pentagon

text: spokesman

text: Geoff

text: Morrell

text: said

text: Friday

text: Marines

text: detonate

text: a

text: roadside

text: bomb

text: Injuries

text: from

text: the

text: bombs

text: have

text: increased

text: percent

text: in

text: two

text: years

text: Over

text: the

text: past

text: two

text: weeks

text: Gates

text: has

text: concluded

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: not

text: enough

text: forces

text: or

text: equipment

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: protect

text: U.S.

text: troops

text: from

text: the

text: threat

text: of

text: roadside

text: bombs

text: Morrell

text: said

text: The

text: secretary

text: he

text: said

text: wants

text: to

text: send

text: these

text: forces

text: as

text: soon

text: as

text: possible

text: Morrell

text: said

text: the

text: deployment

text: would

text: be

text: separate

text: from

text: any

text: that

text: might

text: be

text: requested

text: by

text: Gen.

text: Stanley

text: McChrystal

text: The

text: plan

text: could

text: send

text: nearly

text: troops

text: another

text: U.S.

text: military

text: official

text: familiar

text: with

text: the

text: proposal

text: said

text: He

text: said

text: Pentagon

text: planners

text: have

text: already

text: identified

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: units

text: that

text: would

text: be

text: sent

text: This

text: official

text: asked

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: identified

text: because

text: no

text: final

text: decision

text: has

text: been

text: announced

text: Plans

text: have

text: been

text: in

text: place

text: to

text: set

text: the

text: U.S.

text: troop

text: level

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: at

text: since

text: earlier

text: this

text: year

text: when

text: President

text: Obama

text: approved

text: an

text: additional

text: troops

text: The

text: decision

text: comes

text: at

text: a

text: sensitive

text: time

text: politically

text: In

text: the

text: last

text: few

text: days

text: two

text: key

text: Democrats

text: have

text: questioned

text: sending

text: additional

text: troops

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: think

text: there

text: 's

text: a

text: great

text: deal

text: of

text: support

text: for

text: sending

text: more

text: troops

text: to

text: Afghanistan

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: or

text: in

text: Congress

text: Speaker

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: Nancy

text: Pelosi

text: D

text: California

text: told

text: reporters

text: Thursday

text: On

text: Friday

text: Sen.

text: Carl

text: Levin

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Senate

text: Armed

text: Services

text: Committee

text: who

text: has

text: recently

text: returned

text: from

text: Afghanistan

text: said

text: the

text: emphasis

text: should

text: be

text: on

text: training

text: and

text: increasing

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: Afghanistan

text: army

text: before

text: considering

text: more

text: U.S.

text: forces

text: Our

text: primary

text: goal

text: should

text: be

text: to

text: strengthen

text: the

text: Afghan

text: army

text: and

text: the

text: police

text: to

text: provide

text: the

text: necessary

text: training

text: and

text: equipment

text: and

text: also

text: to

text: see

text: if

text: we

text: ca

text: n't

text: reintegrate

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: lower

text: level

text: Taliban

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: the

text: young

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: n't

text: the

text: religious

text: zealots

text: but

text: are

text: being

text: taken

text: advantage

text: of

text: by

text: the

text: leaders

text: Levin

text: D

text: Michigan

text: told

text: MSNBC

text: Gates

text: himself

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: vocal

text: opponent

text: of

text: expanding

text: the

text: U.S.

text: presence

text: for

text: fear

text: that

text: the

text: forces

text: would

text: be

text: seen

text: as

text: occupiers

text: by

text: the

text: Afghan

text: population

text: But

text: last

text: week

text: he

text: softened

text: that

text: position

text: saying

text: McChrystal

text: had

text: made

text: a

text: persuasive

text: argument

text: that

text: the

text: concern

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: on

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: forces

text: but

text: on

text: their

text: conduct

text: Morrell

text: said

text: the

text: proposal

text: may

text: not

text: raise

text: total

text: U.S.

text: troop

text: strength

text: above

text: because

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: units

text: already

text: scheduled

text: to

text: go

text: could

text: be

text: sent

text: not

text: fully

text: staffed

text: or

text: others

text: already

text: there

text: could

text: be

text: sent

text: home

text: Still

text: the

text: secretary

text: has

text: already

text: determined

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: requirement

text: that

text: needs

text: to

text: be

text: fulfilled

text: Morrell

text: said

text: The

text: forces

text: there

text: now

text: require

text: more

text: IED

text: protection

text: The

text: troops

text: would

text: specialize

text: in

text: route

text: clearance

text: explosive

text: ordnance

text: disposal

text: medical

text: treatment

text: and

text: intelligence

text: gathering

text: Morrell

text: said

text: We

text: owe

text: this

text: to

text: the

text: troops

text: already

text: committed

text: to

text: the

text: fight

text: he

text: said

text: Since

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: roadside

text: bombs

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: has

text: jumped

text: percent

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Defense

text: Department

text: Though

text: many

text: are

text: found

text: before

text: they

text: detonate

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: troops

text: killed

text: has

text: increased

text: by

text: more

text: than

text: percent

text: and

text: the

text: number

text: wounded

text: is

text: up

text: more

text: percent

text: over

text: the

text: last

text: two

text: years

text: One

text: U.S.

text: military

text: source

text: told

text: CNN

text: that

text: the

text: Taliban

text: 's

text: capacity

text: to

text: manufacture

text: bombs

text: train

text: attackers

text: and

text: target

text: U.S.

text: troops

text: has

text: grown

text: over

text: the

text: past

text: year

text: On

text: September

text: near

text: Kandahar

text: troops

text: seized

text: five

text: tons

text: of

text: ammonium

text: nitrate

text: more

text: than

text: twice

text: the

text: amount

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: bombing

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: building

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Oklahoma

text: in

text: On

text: August

text: plastic

text: explosives

text: were

text: found

text: in

text: Herat

text: by

text: Afghan

text: troops

text: Afghanistan

text: 's

text: rugged

text: terrain

text: and

text: dirt

text: roads

text: make

text: it

text: easy

text: to

text: quickly

text: hide

text: roadside

text: bombs

text: You

text: have

text: disturbed

text: earth

text: all

text: the

text: time

text: said

text: Gen.

text: Montgomery

text: Meigs

text: former

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Defense

text: 's

text: IED

text: Task

text: Force

text: Especially

text: close

text: to

text: villages

text: and

text: close

text: to

text: intersections

text: that

text: just

text: makes

text: the

text: seeing

text: and

text: finding

text: even

text: by

text: soldiers

text: eyes

text: a

text: lot

text: more

text: complicated

text: The

text: Taliban

text: have

text: proven

text: adept

text: at

text: adjusting

text: their

text: strategy

text: as

text: circumstances

text: change

text: Seeing

text: that

text: troops

text: were

text: routinely

text: stopping

text: ahead

text: of

text: culverts

text: to

text: search

text: for

text: bombs

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: hidden

text: under

text: the

text: roads

text: insurgents

text: have

text: started

text: placing

text: the

text: bombs

text: ahead

text: of

text: the

text: culverts

question: What have Congressional Democrats said about troop increases?

answer: "I don't think there's a great deal of support for sending more

text: "I don't think there's a great deal of support for sending more

question: Who is in support of the plan?

answer: Defense Secretary Robert Gates

text: Defense Secretary Robert Gates

question: Who found not enough forces in Afghanistan?

answer: Gates

text: Gates

question: Who is the defense secretary?

answer: Robert Gates

text: Robert Gates

question: According to sources, how many troops could the plan send?

answer: 3,000

question: How many troops will be sent?

answer: 3,000

question: What is the increasing in roadside bomb fatalities?

answer: 700 percent in two years.

text: 700 percent in two years.


text:
ISLAMABAD, Pakistan (CNN) -- At least 43 civilians were killed Sunday when they were caught in the crossfire between Pakistani forces and Taliban militants, a Pakistani military official said.

The official, who asked not to be identified because he was not authorized to speak to the media, said the incident happened in Charbagh, a district of Swat Valley in Pakistan's North West Frontier Province.

The mountainous Swat Valley region used to be a popular destination for tourists and skiers, but today it is a Taliban stronghold.

The Pakistani government and the army have come under criticism in recent weeks for allowing the security situation in Swat to deteriorate in the past few months. Islamabad has said there are plans for a new strategy to fight the Taliban, but they have yet to offer details.

The Taliban are imposing their strict brand of Islamic law in the region -- banning music, forbidding men from shaving, and not allowing teenage girls to attend school.  Watch a report on civilians killed in crossfire Â»

Government officials say the Taliban have torched and destroyed more than 180 schools in the Swat region. Many families have fled the area, and have been followed by many Pakistani police officers who are too scared to take on Taliban forces, a Pakistani army spokesman told CNN last week.

The Taliban seized control of Afghanistan in 1996 -- harboring al Qaeda leaders, including Osama bin Laden -- and ruled it until they were ousted from power in 2001 after the September 11 attacks on the United States. Since then, the Taliban have regrouped and are currently battling U.S. and NATO-led forces.

U.S. President Barack Obama has called Afghanistan the "central front" in the war on terror and has promised to make fighting extremism there, and in neighboring Pakistan, a foreign policy priority. He is expected to send as many as 30,000 additional U.S. troops to battle Taliban forces.

Richard Holbrooke, the administration's new envoy for Afghanistan and Pakistan, is scheduled to make his first trip to the region this week.

text: ISLAMABAD

text: Pakistan

text: CNN

text: At

text: least

text: civilians

text: were

text: killed

text: Sunday

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: caught

text: in

text: the

text: crossfire

text: between

text: Pakistani

text: forces

text: and

text: Taliban

text: militants

text: a

text: Pakistani

text: military

text: official

text: said

text: The

text: official

text: who

text: asked

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: identified

text: because

text: he

text: was

text: not

text: authorized

text: to

text: speak

text: to

text: the

text: media

text: said

text: the

text: incident

text: happened

text: in

text: Charbagh

text: a

text: district

text: of

text: Swat

text: Valley

text: in

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: North

text: West

text: Frontier

text: Province

text: The

text: mountainous

text: Swat

text: Valley

text: region

text: used

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: popular

text: destination

text: for

text: tourists

text: and

text: skiers

text: but

text: today

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: Taliban

text: stronghold

text: The

text: Pakistani

text: government

text: and

text: the

text: army

text: have

text: come

text: under

text: criticism

text: in

text: recent

text: weeks

text: for

text: allowing

text: the

text: security

text: situation

text: in

text: Swat

text: to

text: deteriorate

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: few

text: months

text: Islamabad

text: has

text: said

text: there

text: are

text: plans

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: strategy

text: to

text: fight

text: the

text: Taliban

text: but

text: they

text: have

text: yet

text: to

text: offer

text: details

text: The

text: Taliban

text: are

text: imposing

text: their

text: strict

text: brand

text: of

text: Islamic

text: law

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: banning

text: music

text: forbidding

text: men

text: from

text: shaving

text: and

text: not

text: allowing

text: teenage

text: girls

text: to

text: attend

text: school

text: Watch

text: a

text: report

text: on

text: civilians

text: killed

text: in

text: crossfire

text: Â

text: Government

text: officials

text: say

text: the

text: Taliban

text: have

text: torched

text: and

text: destroyed

text: more

text: than

text: schools

text: in

text: the

text: Swat

text: region

text: Many

text: families

text: have

text: fled

text: the

text: area

text: and

text: have

text: been

text: followed

text: by

text: many

text: Pakistani

text: police

text: officers

text: who

text: are

text: too

text: scared

text: to

text: take

text: on

text: Taliban

text: forces

text: a

text: Pakistani

text: army

text: spokesman

text: told

text: CNN

text: last

text: week

text: The

text: Taliban

text: seized

text: control

text: of

text: Afghanistan

text: in

text: harboring

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: leaders

text: including

text: Osama

text: bin

text: Laden

text: and

text: ruled

text: it

text: until

text: they

text: were

text: ousted

text: from

text: power

text: in

text: after

text: the

text: September

text: attacks

text: on

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Since

text: then

text: the

text: Taliban

text: have

text: regrouped

text: and

text: are

text: currently

text: battling

text: U.S.

text: and

text: NATO

text: led

text: forces

text: U.S.

text: President

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: has

text: called

text: Afghanistan

text: the

text: central

text: front

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: on

text: terror

text: and

text: has

text: promised

text: to

text: make

text: fighting

text: extremism

text: there

text: and

text: in

text: neighboring

text: Pakistan

text: a

text: foreign

text: policy

text: priority

text: He

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: send

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: additional

text: U.S.

text: troops

text: to

text: battle

text: Taliban

text: forces

text: Richard

text: Holbrooke

text: the

text: administration

text: 's

text: new

text: envoy

text: for

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: is

text: scheduled

text: to

text: make

text: his

text: first

text: trip

text: to

text: the

text: region

text: this

text: week

question: who are imposing strict law?

answer: The Taliban

text: The Taliban

question: what Pakistan government criticized?

answer: and the army have come under criticism in recent weeks for allowing the security situation in Swat to deteriorate in the past few months.

text: and the army have come under criticism in recent weeks for allowing the security situation in Swat to deteriorate in the past few months.

question: what used to be popular?

answer: The mountainous Swat Valley region

text: The mountainous Swat Valley region

question: who is criticized?

answer: The Pakistani government and the army

text: The Pakistani government and the army

question: what did Swat valley used to be popular for

answer: tourists and skiers,

text: tourists and skiers,

question: what was the Pakistan government criticized for

answer: allowing the security situation in Swat to deteriorate in the past few months.

text: allowing the security situation in Swat to deteriorate in the past few months.

question: where Taliban are imposing their stric?

answer: Swat region.

text: Swat region.

question: what did the Taliban impose

answer: their strict brand of Islamic law

text: their strict brand of Islamic law


text:
(CNN) -- Samuel Eto'o has rejected claims his move to Anzhi Makhachkala is all about money and claims he wants to transform the Russian club into a "big" team.

The former Barcelona striker signed with Anzhi, who hail from the war-torn Dagestan region of Russia, on Wednesday from Italian outfit Inter Milan.

The four-time African Footballer of the Year will be paid around $14 million a season for the length of his three-year deal with Anzhi said to have paid a reported fee of $30 million to seal the capture.

Eto'o jetted into Russia on Wednesday and joined up with his new team-mates in Moscow on Thursday as they prepare for the weekend match with Rostov.

Anzhi train in Moscow and fly to home games from the Russian capital -- a journey of some 1,250 miles.

At a press conference Eto'o, who has won the European Champions League three times, told reporters he was excited by his new challenge.

"I'm impatient to play the first home game, but most important to take this project from the base and make it big," he said.

"I never say how many goals I'm going to score, my intention is to be happy and make sure that people around me are too. I think that when we are happy we can bring better results.

"I'm happy that they have trusted me, with this project, I believe I can return to him (the Anzhi president) inside the field and outside as well, helping the club with good results."

In local paper Sovietsky Sport daily the Cameroon striker insisted his move was not purely about finance.

"The project is very interesting, money is not so important for me, that's just part of football," Eto'o was quoted as saying.

"It was always important for me to be happy -- and now I am happy. I came to Anzhi because it is a new project and they are starting from scratch. I am interested. I have won everything I possibly could have in Europe."

In a statement on Inter's official web site Eto'o thanked the club and its president, Massimo Moratti, for a "fantastic" two years in Italy.

"I will never forget the affection of the Inter fans who made me feel like one of them and who always supported and helped me."

Meanwhile, English club Tottenham Hotspur confirmed Thursday they have signed Manchester City striker Emmanuel Adebayor on a season-long loan.

The Togo striker spent part of last season at Real Madrid, where he scored eight times in 22 games.

text: CNN

text: Samuel

text: Eto'o

text: has

text: rejected

text: claims

text: his

text: move

text: to

text: Anzhi

text: Makhachkala

text: is

text: all

text: about

text: money

text: and

text: claims

text: he

text: wants

text: to

text: transform

text: the

text: Russian

text: club

text: into

text: a

text: big

text: team

text: The

text: former

text: Barcelona

text: striker

text: signed

text: with

text: Anzhi

text: who

text: hail

text: from

text: the

text: war

text: torn

text: Dagestan

text: region

text: of

text: Russia

text: on

text: Wednesday

text: from

text: Italian

text: outfit

text: Inter

text: Milan

text: The

text: four

text: time

text: African

text: Footballer

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: will

text: be

text: paid

text: around

text: million

text: a

text: season

text: for

text: the

text: length

text: of

text: his

text: three

text: year

text: deal

text: with

text: Anzhi

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: paid

text: a

text: reported

text: fee

text: of

text: million

text: to

text: seal

text: the

text: capture

text: Eto'o

text: jetted

text: into

text: Russia

text: on

text: Wednesday

text: and

text: joined

text: up

text: with

text: his

text: new

text: team

text: mates

text: in

text: Moscow

text: on

text: Thursday

text: as

text: they

text: prepare

text: for

text: the

text: weekend

text: match

text: with

text: Rostov

text: Anzhi

text: train

text: in

text: Moscow

text: and

text: fly

text: to

text: home

text: games

text: from

text: the

text: Russian

text: capital

text: a

text: journey

text: of

text: some

text: miles

text: At

text: a

text: press

text: conference

text: Eto'o

text: who

text: has

text: won

text: the

text: European

text: Champions

text: League

text: three

text: times

text: told

text: reporters

text: he

text: was

text: excited

text: by

text: his

text: new

text: challenge

text: I

text: 'm

text: impatient

text: to

text: play

text: the

text: first

text: home

text: game

text: but

text: most

text: important

text: to

text: take

text: this

text: project

text: from

text: the

text: base

text: and

text: make

text: it

text: big

text: he

text: said

text: I

text: never

text: say

text: how

text: many

text: goals

text: I

text: 'm

text: going

text: to

text: score

text: my

text: intention

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: happy

text: and

text: make

text: sure

text: that

text: people

text: around

text: me

text: are

text: too

text: I

text: think

text: that

text: when

text: we

text: are

text: happy

text: we

text: can

text: bring

text: better

text: results

text: I

text: 'm

text: happy

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: trusted

text: me

text: with

text: this

text: project

text: I

text: believe

text: I

text: can

text: return

text: to

text: him

text: the

text: Anzhi

text: president

text: inside

text: the

text: field

text: and

text: outside

text: as

text: well

text: helping

text: the

text: club

text: with

text: good

text: results

text: In

text: local

text: paper

text: Sovietsky

text: Sport

text: daily

text: the

text: Cameroon

text: striker

text: insisted

text: his

text: move

text: was

text: not

text: purely

text: about

text: finance

text: The

text: project

text: is

text: very

text: interesting

text: money

text: is

text: not

text: so

text: important

text: for

text: me

text: that

text: 's

text: just

text: part

text: of

text: football

text: Eto'o

text: was

text: quoted

text: as

text: saying

text: It

text: was

text: always

text: important

text: for

text: me

text: to

text: be

text: happy

text: and

text: now

text: I

text: am

text: happy

text: I

text: came

text: to

text: Anzhi

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: new

text: project

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: starting

text: from

text: scratch

text: I

text: am

text: interested

text: I

text: have

text: won

text: everything

text: I

text: possibly

text: could

text: have

text: in

text: Europe

text: In

text: a

text: statement

text: on

text: Inter

text: 's

text: official

text: web

text: site

text: Eto'o

text: thanked

text: the

text: club

text: and

text: its

text: president

text: Massimo

text: Moratti

text: for

text: a

text: fantastic

text: two

text: years

text: in

text: Italy

text: I

text: will

text: never

text: forget

text: the

text: affection

text: of

text: the

text: Inter

text: fans

text: who

text: made

text: me

text: feel

text: like

text: one

text: of

text: them

text: and

text: who

text: always

text: supported

text: and

text: helped

text: me

text: Meanwhile

text: English

text: club

text: Tottenham

text: Hotspur

text: confirmed

text: Thursday

text: they

text: have

text: signed

text: Manchester

text: City

text: striker

text: Emmanuel

text: Adebayor

text: on

text: a

text: season

text: long

text: loan

text: The

text: Togo

text: striker

text: spent

text: part

text: of

text: last

text: season

text: at

text: Real

text: Madrid

text: where

text: he

text: scored

text: eight

text: times

text: in

text: games

question: what is his move about?

answer: money

text: money

question: Who wants to transform the Russian side Anzhi?

answer: Eto'o

text: Eto'o

question: The Cameroon striker joined from which club?

answer: Barcelona

text: Barcelona

question: who joins Tottenham on loan from Manchester City?

answer: Emmanuel Adebayor

text: Emmanuel Adebayor

question: who has joined the club from Inter Milan on three-year deal?

answer: Eto'o

text: Eto'o

question: who wants to  transform Russian side Anzhi into a big club?

answer: Eto'o

text: Eto'o

question: Who said his move was not about money?

answer: Eto'o

text: Eto'o


text:
New York (CNN) -- Newt Gingrich called President Obama "the most radical president in American history" at the Southern Republican Leadership Conference last week.

The leader of the 1994 Republican Revolution is a smart man and a historian, so he must know better. But he's also exploring a run for president, an action that frequently suspends good judgment in pursuit of sound bites. Perspective is the first thing abandoned in hyper-partisan attacks.

So here is a look at five presidents who, it could be argued, exceed Obama in the "radical" sweepstakes.

â¢ Franklin D. Roosevelt: How about this for radical: a president who overturned the two-term precedent set by George Washington and ultimately won four terms in an era when dictators were in vogue worldwide. He also proposed expanding the Supreme Court to pack it with his own appointees, attempting to fundamentally alter the separation of powers. And his New Deal created the basis for the modern welfare state in the U.S., whose apex under self-styled inheritor Lyndon Johnson provoked a backlash that ushered in a generation of conservative resurgence.

â¢ John Adams: The nation's second president has been getting a well-deserved reappraisal, thanks to David McCullough's magisterial biography. But Adams' signing of the Alien and Sedition acts during the threat of war -- effectively outlawing anti-government dissent and curtailing freedom of speech and freedom of the press -- was a radically anti-democratic action and a black mark on this Founding Father's otherwise honorable service to our nation.

â¢ Andrew Jackson: The man on the $20 bill was the original populist president, a general who fought Washington elites, British soldiers and native American tribes alike. Old Hickory's wars with the Second National Bank, Congress and the Supreme Court were legendary. His native American removal policies rescinded previously agreed-upon treaties and brought about the infamous "Trail of Tears" that led to the deaths of thousands.

â¢ Abraham Lincoln: Abolitionists accused Lincoln of being insufficiently radical because he pledged only to preserve the union at all costs. But his political opponents accused him of being radical because he wanted to stop the spread of slavery, and they spurred secession from the union soon after hearing of his election. It's a reminder that exaggerated fear of change can lead to the rise of violent factions. During the Civil War, Lincoln suspended habeas corpus. He has become controversial again to some activists; one panel at the Conservative Political Action Conference asked, "Lincoln on Liberty: Friend or Foe?"

â¢ George W. Bush: The Bush Doctrine reversed decades of American foreign policy by allowing pre-emptive invasions of foreign nations. In Iraq's case, this was complicated by the fact that the dictator in question did not, in fact, have the weapons of mass destruction as advertised. Add to that Bush's reluctance to actually pay for his wars directly, which resulted in his turning a hard-won surplus into a deficit, and you've got what can be considered a radical affront to small-government conservative principles from a Republican president.

Each of these presidents has his passionate defenders, and many are routinely listed among America's greatest chief executives.

Of course, plenty of other presidents could be added to this list: from Woodrow Wilson, who institutionalized segregation in the federal government, to Richard Nixon, whose "Saturday Night Massacre" firing of his attorney general, Justice Department first deputy and independent special prosecutor created a constitutional crisis in the wake of Watergate.

But you get the idea. None of the presidents are really radical in any global sense. Any all-good or all-bad analysis of American history always misses the big picture. And politics is history in the present tense.

Yes, the past 16 months have seen unprecedented levels of government spending, intended to alleviate the economic crisis that was occurring when Obama took office. And although skyrocketing debts and deficits are dangerous if not addressed decisively in the near-term, Obama's general approach to the office has been decidedly more center-left than radical left.

Think Afghanistan, for example, where he has committed more troops to the war. Or his economic team, led by Clinton administration alumni and Wall Street veterans. Though many conservatives have called him a socialist, some liberals (and libertarian Republican Ron Paul) consider him a "corporatist." You can't be both a socialist and a corporatist at the same time.

The larger issue is politics, plain and simple. Gingrich is trying to run for president. And red meat lines like "the most radical president in American history" help keep him relevant in GOP circles.

The real issue is less what Obama has done as president than who he is.

Gingrich and most baby boomer conservatives have spent their professional lives running against the liberal excesses of the 1960s. It is engrained in their political DNA. And Obama looks like a child of the Great Society, an embodiment of the social changes of the 1960s.

The more centrist his rhetoric, the more some conservatives are convinced that it's all part of activist Saul Alinsky's playbook: to sound reasonable but act radical. The problem is that this suspicion of Obama's motives dooms any concept of common ground and poisons the well for bipartisan progress. You can't negotiate reasonably with a president when you've convinced supporters that he is a threat to our constitutional republic.

More broadly, we've grown almost accustomed to these overheated attacks on the presidency. Obama Derangement Syndrome on the right -- of which Gingrich's claim was a mild example -- was preceded by Bush Derangement Syndrome on the left, with protestors comparing W. to a Nazi and a terrorist.

As a country, we have become accustomed to using fear and hate in the service of hyper-partisanship. We need to wake up to the fact that demonizing people we disagree with, and indulging in attempts to delegitimize a duly elected president from Day One, hurts us all as a nation. We can do better -- and we deserve better, especially from people who want to lead the nation themselves.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of John P. Avlon.

text: New

text: York

text: CNN

text: Newt

text: Gingrich

text: called

text: President

text: Obama

text: the

text: most

text: radical

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text: history

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text: the

text: Southern

text: Republican

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text: Conference

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text: here

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text: five

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text: Obama

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text: â¢

text: Franklin

text: D.

text: Roosevelt

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text: dictators

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text: all

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text: Obama

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text: Afghanistan

text: for

text: example

text: where

text: he

text: has

text: committed

text: more

text: troops

text: to

text: the

text: war

text: Or

text: his

text: economic

text: team

text: led

text: by

text: Clinton

text: administration

text: alumni

text: and

text: Wall

text: Street

text: veterans

text: Though

text: many

text: conservatives

text: have

text: called

text: him

text: a

text: socialist

text: some

text: liberals

text: and

text: libertarian

text: Republican

text: Ron

text: Paul

text: consider

text: him

text: a

text: corporatist

text: You

text: ca

text: n't

text: be

text: both

text: a

text: socialist

text: and

text: a

text: corporatist

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: The

text: larger

text: issue

text: is

text: politics

text: plain

text: and

text: simple

text: Gingrich

text: is

text: trying

text: to

text: run

text: for

text: president

text: And

text: red

text: meat

text: lines

text: like

text: the

text: most

text: radical

text: president

text: in

text: American

text: history

text: help

text: keep

text: him

text: relevant

text: in

text: GOP

text: circles

text: The

text: real

text: issue

text: is

text: less

text: what

text: Obama

text: has

text: done

text: as

text: president

text: than

text: who

text: he

text: is

text: Gingrich

text: and

text: most

text: baby

text: boomer

text: conservatives

text: have

text: spent

text: their

text: professional

text: lives

text: running

text: against

text: the

text: liberal

text: excesses

text: of

text: the

text: It

text: is

text: engrained

text: in

text: their

text: political

text: DNA

text: And

text: Obama

text: looks

text: like

text: a

text: child

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Society

text: an

text: embodiment

text: of

text: the

text: social

text: changes

text: of

text: the

text: The

text: more

text: centrist

text: his

text: rhetoric

text: the

text: more

text: some

text: conservatives

text: are

text: convinced

text: that

text: it

text: 's

text: all

text: part

text: of

text: activist

text: Saul

text: Alinsky

text: 's

text: playbook

text: to

text: sound

text: reasonable

text: but

text: act

text: radical

text: The

text: problem

text: is

text: that

text: this

text: suspicion

text: of

text: Obama

text: 's

text: motives

text: dooms

text: any

text: concept

text: of

text: common

text: ground

text: and

text: poisons

text: the

text: well

text: for

text: bipartisan

text: progress

text: You

text: ca

text: n't

text: negotiate

text: reasonably

text: with

text: a

text: president

text: when

text: you

text: 've

text: convinced

text: supporters

text: that

text: he

text: is

text: a

text: threat

text: to

text: our

text: constitutional

text: republic

text: More

text: broadly

text: we

text: 've

text: grown

text: almost

text: accustomed

text: to

text: these

text: overheated

text: attacks

text: on

text: the

text: presidency

text: Obama

text: Derangement

text: Syndrome

text: on

text: the

text: right

text: of

text: which

text: Gingrich

text: 's

text: claim

text: was

text: a

text: mild

text: example

text: was

text: preceded

text: by

text: Bush

text: Derangement

text: Syndrome

text: on

text: the

text: left

text: with

text: protestors

text: comparing

text: W.

text: to

text: a

text: Nazi

text: and

text: a

text: terrorist

text: As

text: a

text: country

text: we

text: have

text: become

text: accustomed

text: to

text: using

text: fear

text: and

text: hate

text: in

text: the

text: service

text: of

text: hyper

text: partisanship

text: We

text: need

text: to

text: wake

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: demonizing

text: people

text: we

text: disagree

text: with

text: and

text: indulging

text: in

text: attempts

text: to

text: delegitimize

text: a

text: duly

text: elected

text: president

text: from

text: Day

text: One

text: hurts

text: us

text: all

text: as

text: a

text: nation

text: We

text: can

text: do

text: better

text: and

text: we

text: deserve

text: better

text: especially

text: from

text: people

text: who

text: want

text: to

text: lead

text: the

text: nation

text: themselves

text: The

text: opinions

text: expressed

text: in

text: this

text: commentary

text: are

text: solely

text: those

text: of

text: John

text: P.

text: Avlon

question: what did Newt Gingrich call Barack Obama?

answer: "the most radical president in American history"

text: "the most radical president in American history"


text:
(CNN) -- The father of a Marine whose funeral was picketed by the Westboro Baptist Church says an order to pay the protesters' legal costs in a civil claim is nothing less than a "slap in the face."

"By the court making this decision, they're not only telling me that they're taking their side, but I have to pay them money to do this to more soldiers and their families," said Albert Snyder, whose son, Lance Cpl. Matthew Snyder, was killed in action in Iraq in 2006.

Members of the fundamentalist church based in Topeka, Kansas, appeared outside Snyder's funeral in 2006 in Westminster, Maryland, carrying signs reading "You're going to hell," "God hates you" and "Thank God for dead soldiers."

Among the teachings of the church, which was founded in 1955 by pastor Fred Phelps, is the belief that God is punishing the United States for "the sin of homosexuality" through events such as soldiers' deaths.

Margie Phelps, the daughter of Fred Phelps and the attorney representing the church in its appeals, also said the money that the church receives from Snyder will be used to finance demonstrations. But she also said that the order was a consequence of his decision to sue the church over the demonstration.

"Mr. Snyder and his attorneys have engaged the legal system; there are some rules to that legal engagement," said Phelps, a member of Westboro who says she has participated in more than 150 protests of military funerals.

"They wanted to shut down the picketing so now they're going to finance it," she said.

The 4th Circuit Court of Appeals on Friday ordered that Snyder pay more than $16,000 in costs requested by Westboro for copies of motions, briefs and appendices, according to court documents.

In a motion filed in October, Snyder's lawyer, who is representing him for free, asked the court to dismiss the bill of costs, or, alternatively, reduce the 50-cent fee per page or charge Snyder only for copies that were necessary to make their arguments on appeal.

"We objected based upon ability to pay and the fairness of the situation," Sean Summers said.

The mostly pro-forma ruling is the latest chapter in an ongoing legal saga that pits privacy rights of grieving families against the free speech rights of demonstrators, however disturbing and provocative their message.

Snyder's family sued the church and went to trial in 2007 alleging privacy invasion, intentional infliction of emotional distress and civil conspiracy. A jury awarded the family $2.9 million in compensatory damages plus $8 million in punitive damages, which were reduced to $5 million.

Westboro in 2008 appealed the case to the 4th District, which reversed the judgments a year later, siding with the church's claims that its First Amendment rights had been violated.

"The protest was confined to a public area under supervision and regulation of local law enforcement and did not disrupt the church service," the circuit court opinion said. "Although reasonable people may disagree about the appropriateness of the Phelps' protest, this conduct simply does not satisfy the heavy burden required for the tort of intentional infliction of emotional distress under Maryland law."

The U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear the case to address issues of laws designed to protect the "sanctity and dignity of memorial and funeral services" as well as the privacy of family and friends of the deceased.

The justices will be asked to address how far states and private entities such as cemeteries and churches can go to justify picket-free zones and the use of "floating buffers" to silence or restrict speech or movements of demonstrators exercising their constitutional rights in a funeral setting.

Both Phelps and Snyder's attorney said they were surprised that the 4th District chose to weigh in on the issue of legal costs when they could have waited until after the Supreme Court hearing.

Phelps believes the ruling bodes well for her side.

"It is a good harbinger of the fact that the Supreme Court will remind this nation that you don't have mob rule. The fact that so many people hate these words does not mean you can silence or penalize them. That's supposed to be the great liberty that we congratulate ourselves on protecting in this nation. We strut all around the world forcing people to give all the liberties we supposedly have," she said.

Phelps anticipated that a Supreme Court ruling in the church's favor would be unpopular, but she said Westboro's members viewed the potential outcome in Biblical terms.

"When the Supreme Court unanimously upholds the 4th Circuit, it's going to put this country in a rage, and we will be expelled," she said. "But whenever it was time for an epic event in the Bible, the thing that happened right before is the prophets were removed from the land, and that's what's going to happen to us. ... We're going to sprint to the end of this race."

Snyder claims he is unable to pay any legal costs in the case and is attempting to raise funds on his son's site, http://www.matthewsnyder.org/. He is equally optimistic that he will prevail before the Supreme Court.

"The American people keep my spirits lifted a lot and give me hope. I think most of the country is on my side on this issue," he said. "Too many people have died to protect our rights and freedoms to have them degraded and spit upon like this church does."

CNN's Bill Mears contributed to this report.

text: CNN

text: The

text: father

text: of

text: a

text: Marine

text: whose

text: funeral

text: was

text: picketed

text: by

text: the

text: Westboro

text: Baptist

text: Church

text: says

text: an

text: order

text: to

text: pay

text: the

text: protesters

text: legal

text: costs

text: in

text: a

text: civil

text: claim

text: is

text: nothing

text: less

text: than

text: a

text: slap

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: By

text: the

text: court

text: making

text: this

text: decision

text: they

text: 're

text: not

text: only

text: telling

text: me

text: that

text: they

text: 're

text: taking

text: their

text: side

text: but

text: I

text: have

text: to

text: pay

text: them

text: money

text: to

text: do

text: this

text: to

text: more

text: soldiers

text: and

text: their

text: families

text: said

text: Albert

text: Snyder

text: whose

text: son

text: Lance

text: Cpl

text: Matthew

text: Snyder

text: was

text: killed

text: in

text: action

text: in

text: Iraq

text: in

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: fundamentalist

text: church

text: based

text: in

text: Topeka

text: Kansas

text: appeared

text: outside

text: Snyder

text: 's

text: funeral

text: in

text: in

text: Westminster

text: Maryland

text: carrying

text: signs

text: reading

text: You

text: 're

text: going

text: to

text: hell

text: God

text: hates

text: you

text: and

text: Thank

text: God

text: for

text: dead

text: soldiers

text: Among

text: the

text: teachings

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: which

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: pastor

text: Fred

text: Phelps

text: is

text: the

text: belief

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: punishing

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: for

text: the

text: sin

text: of

text: homosexuality

text: through

text: events

text: such

text: as

text: soldiers

text: deaths

text: Margie

text: Phelps

text: the

text: daughter

text: of

text: Fred

text: Phelps

text: and

text: the

text: attorney

text: representing

text: the

text: church

text: in

text: its

text: appeals

text: also

text: said

text: the

text: money

text: that

text: the

text: church

text: receives

text: from

text: Snyder

text: will

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: finance

text: demonstrations

text: But

text: she

text: also

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: order

text: was

text: a

text: consequence

text: of

text: his

text: decision

text: to

text: sue

text: the

text: church

text: over

text: the

text: demonstration

text: Mr.

text: Snyder

text: and

text: his

text: attorneys

text: have

text: engaged

text: the

text: legal

text: system

text: there

text: are

text: some

text: rules

text: to

text: that

text: legal

text: engagement

text: said

text: Phelps

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: Westboro

text: who

text: says

text: she

text: has

text: participated

text: in

text: more

text: than

text: protests

text: of

text: military

text: funerals

text: They

text: wanted

text: to

text: shut

text: down

text: the

text: picketing

text: so

text: now

text: they

text: 're

text: going

text: to

text: finance

text: it

text: she

text: said

text: The

text: Circuit

text: Court

text: of

text: Appeals

text: on

text: Friday

text: ordered

text: that

text: Snyder

text: pay

text: more

text: than

text: in

text: costs

text: requested

text: by

text: Westboro

text: for

text: copies

text: of

text: motions

text: briefs

text: and

text: appendices

text: according

text: to

text: court

text: documents

text: In

text: a

text: motion

text: filed

text: in

text: October

text: Snyder

text: 's

text: lawyer

text: who

text: is

text: representing

text: him

text: for

text: free

text: asked

text: the

text: court

text: to

text: dismiss

text: the

text: bill

text: of

text: costs

text: or

text: alternatively

text: reduce

text: the

text: fee

text: per

text: page

text: or

text: charge

text: Snyder

text: only

text: for

text: copies

text: that

text: were

text: necessary

text: to

text: make

text: their

text: arguments

text: on

text: appeal

text: We

text: objected

text: based

text: upon

text: ability

text: to

text: pay

text: and

text: the

text: fairness

text: of

text: the

text: situation

text: Sean

text: Summers

text: said

text: The

text: mostly

text: pro

text: forma

text: ruling

text: is

text: the

text: latest

text: chapter

text: in

text: an

text: ongoing

text: legal

text: saga

text: that

text: pits

text: privacy

text: rights

text: of

text: grieving

text: families

text: against

text: the

text: free

text: speech

text: rights

text: of

text: demonstrators

text: however

text: disturbing

text: and

text: provocative

text: their

text: message

text: Snyder

text: 's

text: family

text: sued

text: the

text: church

text: and

text: went

text: to

text: trial

text: in

text: alleging

text: privacy

text: invasion

text: intentional

text: infliction

text: of

text: emotional

text: distress

text: and

text: civil

text: conspiracy

text: A

text: jury

text: awarded

text: the

text: family

text: million

text: in

text: compensatory

text: damages

text: plus

text: million

text: in

text: punitive

text: damages

text: which

text: were

text: reduced

text: to

text: million

text: Westboro

text: in

text: appealed

text: the

text: case

text: to

text: the

text: District

text: which

text: reversed

text: the

text: judgments

text: a

text: year

text: later

text: siding

text: with

text: the

text: church

text: 's

text: claims

text: that

text: its

text: First

text: Amendment

text: rights

text: had

text: been

text: violated

text: The

text: protest

text: was

text: confined

text: to

text: a

text: public

text: area

text: under

text: supervision

text: and

text: regulation

text: of

text: local

text: law

text: enforcement

text: and

text: did

text: not

text: disrupt

text: the

text: church

text: service

text: the

text: circuit

text: court

text: opinion

text: said

text: Although

text: reasonable

text: people

text: may

text: disagree

text: about

text: the

text: appropriateness

text: of

text: the

text: Phelps

text: protest

text: this

text: conduct

text: simply

text: does

text: not

text: satisfy

text: the

text: heavy

text: burden

text: required

text: for

text: the

text: tort

text: of

text: intentional

text: infliction

text: of

text: emotional

text: distress

text: under

text: Maryland

text: law

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: has

text: agreed

text: to

text: hear

text: the

text: case

text: to

text: address

text: issues

text: of

text: laws

text: designed

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: sanctity

text: and

text: dignity

text: of

text: memorial

text: and

text: funeral

text: services

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: privacy

text: of

text: family

text: and

text: friends

text: of

text: the

text: deceased

text: The

text: justices

text: will

text: be

text: asked

text: to

text: address

text: how

text: far

text: states

text: and

text: private

text: entities

text: such

text: as

text: cemeteries

text: and

text: churches

text: can

text: go

text: to

text: justify

text: picket

text: free

text: zones

text: and

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: floating

text: buffers

text: to

text: silence

text: or

text: restrict

text: speech

text: or

text: movements

text: of

text: demonstrators

text: exercising

text: their

text: constitutional

text: rights

text: in

text: a

text: funeral

text: setting

text: Both

text: Phelps

text: and

text: Snyder

text: 's

text: attorney

text: said

text: they

text: were

text: surprised

text: that

text: the

text: District

text: chose

text: to

text: weigh

text: in

text: on

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: legal

text: costs

text: when

text: they

text: could

text: have

text: waited

text: until

text: after

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: hearing

text: Phelps

text: believes

text: the

text: ruling

text: bodes

text: well

text: for

text: her

text: side

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: good

text: harbinger

text: of

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: will

text: remind

text: this

text: nation

text: that

text: you

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: mob

text: rule

text: The

text: fact

text: that

text: so

text: many

text: people

text: hate

text: these

text: words

text: does

text: not

text: mean

text: you

text: can

text: silence

text: or

text: penalize

text: them

text: That

text: 's

text: supposed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: great

text: liberty

text: that

text: we

text: congratulate

text: ourselves

text: on

text: protecting

text: in

text: this

text: nation

text: We

text: strut

text: all

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: forcing

text: people

text: to

text: give

text: all

text: the

text: liberties

text: we

text: supposedly

text: have

text: she

text: said

text: Phelps

text: anticipated

text: that

text: a

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: ruling

text: in

text: the

text: church

text: 's

text: favor

text: would

text: be

text: unpopular

text: but

text: she

text: said

text: Westboro

text: 's

text: members

text: viewed

text: the

text: potential

text: outcome

text: in

text: Biblical

text: terms

text: When

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: unanimously

text: upholds

text: the

text: Circuit

text: it

text: 's

text: going

text: to

text: put

text: this

text: country

text: in

text: a

text: rage

text: and

text: we

text: will

text: be

text: expelled

text: she

text: said

text: But

text: whenever

text: it

text: was

text: time

text: for

text: an

text: epic

text: event

text: in

text: the

text: Bible

text: the

text: thing

text: that

text: happened

text: right

text: before

text: is

text: the

text: prophets

text: were

text: removed

text: from

text: the

text: land

text: and

text: that

text: 's

text: what

text: 's

text: going

text: to

text: happen

text: to

text: us

text: We

text: 're

text: going

text: to

text: sprint

text: to

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: this

text: race

text: Snyder

text: claims

text: he

text: is

text: unable

text: to

text: pay

text: any

text: legal

text: costs

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: and

text: is

text: attempting

text: to

text: raise

text: funds

text: on

text: his

text: son

text: 's

text: site

text: He

text: is

text: equally

text: optimistic

text: that

text: he

text: will

text: prevail

text: before

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: The

text: American

text: people

text: keep

text: my

text: spirits

text: lifted

text: a

text: lot

text: and

text: give

text: me

text: hope

text: I

text: think

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: on

text: my

text: side

text: on

text: this

text: issue

text: he

text: said

text: Too

text: many

text: people

text: have

text: died

text: to

text: protect

text: our

text: rights

text: and

text: freedoms

text: to

text: have

text: them

text: degraded

text: and

text: spit

text: upon

text: like

text: this

text: church

text: does

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Bill

text: Mears

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: What did his father say about the cost ?

answer: nothing less than a "slap in the face."

text: nothing less than a "slap in the face."

question: What was the name of the church ?

answer: Westboro Baptist

text: Westboro Baptist

question: what is a ''slap in the face

answer: an order

text: an order

question: Who did Snyder's family sue?

answer: Westboro Baptist Church

text: Westboro Baptist Church

question: who is ordered to pay costs

answer: Albert Snyder,

text: Albert Snyder,

question: who sued the church

answer: Snyder's family

text: Snyder's family