text:
(CNN) -- Famed tenor Luciano Pavarotti, who died on Thursday at the age of 71, was one of opera's most adaptable and ebullient performers, appearing on stage with singers as varied as Dame Joan Sutherland, U2's Bono and Liza Minnelli.

Much as the star power of Rudolf Nureyev and Mikhail Baryshnikov revived widespread interest in classical ballet in the 1970s and 1980s, Pavarotti's beaming charisma and bravura style captured the attention of the late-20th-century audience for opera.

Widely considered the greatest tenor of his time, Pavarotti began his life modestly in Modena, the son of Fernando, a baker and amateur singer, and Adele, who worked at the local tobacco factory.

"I dreamed to become a singer when I was four and I hear my father singing in the church with a beautiful tenor voice," he told CNN in a 1991 interview. "And I say to myself, well, let's try to do something."

The young Pavarotti -- who played soccer with his town's junior team -- joined the church choir with his father and traveled with him to Wales, where the singing group won first prize at the Llangollen International singing competition.

Although the experience left Pavarotti enthralled with singing, he graduated from the local teaching institute in 1955 and taught elementary school for two years, then worked as an insurance salesman. He continued his vocal studies, however, working first with with Arrigo Pola and then with Ettore Campogalliani.

Then, in 1961, Pavarotti won the prestigious Concorso Internazionale and made his operatic debut at the Reggio Emilia Theater as Rodolfo in Giacomo Puccini's "La Boheme."

His fame spread throughout Italy and then throughout the European continent as he made his international debut in Giuseppe Verdi's "La Traviata" in Belgrade.

When Dame Joan Sutherland brought him on-stage with her during a performance of Gaetano Donizetti's "Lucia di Lammermoor" with the Greater Miami Opera in 1965, Pavarotti began his American career.

He debuted at New York's Metropolitan Opera House three years later, and eventually marked 379 performances there, including his final opera, Puccini's "Tosca" in 2004, in which he performed as the painter Mario Cavaradossi.

In between Pavarotti sold millions of records and raised millions of dollars for charity through benefit concerts, often sharing the stage with pop stars as well as other opera singers.

Of his recordings, 1990's "The Essential Pavarotti" was the first classical album to reach No. 1 on Britain's pop charts, where it remained for five weeks. 1994's "The Three Tenors in Concert," with Placido Domingo and Jose Carreras, remains the best selling classical album of all time.

Pavarotti joined with Domingo and Carreras in 1990, and although critics complained that Pavarotti's vocal skills were waning, the trio performed together for 14 years.

Among his charities were a 1995 "Concert for Bosnia" that raised $8.5 million and other concerts that raised $3.3 million for refugees from Afghanistan and $1 million for refugees from Kosovo.

In artistic terms, Pavarotti brought to the stage a voice neatly suited to the traditional bel canto, or "beautiful singing" style, essential to 17th-century Italian opera. As much about intensity as pitch, bel canto focuses the voice, concentrating the sound with both outstanding warmth and agility.

So demanding is this work even of the best singers that Pavarotti in concert recital could be seen rising to the balls of his feet during the most challenging passages.

A long, white handkerchief always hung from one hand as he sang, his eyebrows arched high in the effort, forming an expression seemingly of surprise at his own success.

From his small beginnings, Pavarotti rose to great heights, performing in front of 500,000 people in New York's Central Park -- a concert seen by millions on television -- and before another 300,000 at Paris' Eiffel Tower.

He won countless awards and honors -- including five Grammies -- and was named United Nations Messenger for Peace by then-Secretary-General Kofi Annan. He launched an international competition, The Pavarotti International Voice Competition, in 1982. He even founded a teaching facility for young singers in his home town.

His signature aria, Puccini's "Nessun Dorma" from "Turandot," was chosen as the theme music for the 1990 soccer World Cup, hosted by Italy. He also performed the aria at the opening ceremony of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin.

The great singer was also known as an equestrian expert, organizing one of the international show jumping circuit's most important competitions, the Pavarotti International, in Modena. Coinciding with that event, Pavarotti also staged an annual charity concert, Pavarotti and Friends.

The portly singer retired from staged opera in 2004, but was on a "farewell tour" of concerts when he was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in 2006 and underwent emergency surgery to remove the tumor.

Although the remaining concerts of his tour were canceled, his management said that he hoped to resume the tour in 2007.

When cancer finally stopped Pavarotti from singing, it was only the second interruption of his career.

"I think I just stopped for one year when from a kid I become a man and the voice is changing," he said in 1991.

"I was an alto and became a tenor and that is the only time I think I remember to have stopped singing. Otherwise I have sung all my life." E-mail to a friend

CNN's Porter Anderson contributed to this report.

text: CNN

text: Famed

text: tenor

text: Luciano

text: Pavarotti

text: who

text: died

text: on

text: Thursday

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: opera

text: 's

text: most

text: adaptable

text: and

text: ebullient

text: performers

text: appearing

text: on

text: stage

text: with

text: singers

text: as

text: varied

text: as

text: Dame

text: Joan

text: Sutherland

text: 's

text: Bono

text: and

text: Liza

text: Minnelli

text: Much

text: as

text: the

text: star

text: power

text: of

text: Rudolf

text: Nureyev

text: and

text: Mikhail

text: Baryshnikov

text: revived

text: widespread

text: interest

text: in

text: classical

text: ballet

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: Pavarotti

text: 's

text: beaming

text: charisma

text: and

text: bravura

text: style

text: captured

text: the

text: attention

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: audience

text: for

text: opera

text: Widely

text: considered

text: the

text: greatest

text: tenor

text: of

text: his

text: time

text: Pavarotti

text: began

text: his

text: life

text: modestly

text: in

text: Modena

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text: son

text: of

text: Fernando

text: a

text: baker

text: and

text: amateur

text: singer

text: and

text: Adele

text: who

text: worked

text: at

text: the

text: local

text: tobacco

text: factory

text: I

text: dreamed

text: to

text: become

text: a

text: singer

text: when

text: I

text: was

text: four

text: and

text: I

text: hear

text: my

text: father

text: singing

text: in

text: the

text: church

text: with

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text: beautiful

text: tenor

text: voice

text: he

text: told

text: CNN

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text: I

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text: try

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text: young

text: Pavarotti

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text: played

text: soccer

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text: his

text: town

text: 's

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text: team

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text: church

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text: his

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text: singing

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text: won

text: first

text: prize

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text: Llangollen

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text: experience

text: left

text: Pavarotti

text: enthralled

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text: singing

text: he

text: graduated

text: from

text: the

text: local

text: teaching

text: institute

text: in

text: and

text: taught

text: elementary

text: school

text: for

text: two

text: years

text: then

text: worked

text: as

text: an

text: insurance

text: salesman

text: He

text: continued

text: his

text: vocal

text: studies

text: however

text: working

text: first

text: with

text: with

text: Arrigo

text: Pola

text: and

text: then

text: with

text: Ettore

text: Campogalliani

text: Then

text: in

text: Pavarotti

text: won

text: the

text: prestigious

text: Concorso

text: Internazionale

text: and

text: made

text: his

text: operatic

text: debut

text: at

text: the

text: Reggio

text: Emilia

text: Theater

text: as

text: Rodolfo

text: in

text: Giacomo

text: Puccini

text: 's

text: La

text: Boheme

text: His

text: fame

text: spread

text: throughout

text: Italy

text: and

text: then

text: throughout

text: the

text: European

text: continent

text: as

text: he

text: made

text: his

text: international

text: debut

text: in

text: Giuseppe

text: Verdi

text: 's

text: La

text: Traviata

text: in

text: Belgrade

text: When

text: Dame

text: Joan

text: Sutherland

text: brought

text: him

text: on

text: stage

text: with

text: her

text: during

text: a

text: performance

text: of

text: Gaetano

text: Donizetti

text: 's

text: Lucia

text: di

text: Lammermoor

text: with

text: the

text: Greater

text: Miami

text: Opera

text: in

text: Pavarotti

text: began

text: his

text: American

text: career

text: He

text: debuted

text: at

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: Metropolitan

text: Opera

text: House

text: three

text: years

text: later

text: and

text: eventually

text: marked

text: performances

text: there

text: including

text: his

text: final

text: opera

text: Puccini

text: 's

text: Tosca

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text: in

text: which

text: he

text: performed

text: as

text: the

text: painter

text: Mario

text: Cavaradossi

text: In

text: between

text: Pavarotti

text: sold

text: millions

text: of

text: records

text: and

text: raised

text: millions

text: of

text: dollars

text: for

text: charity

text: through

text: benefit

text: concerts

text: often

text: sharing

text: the

text: stage

text: with

text: pop

text: stars

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: opera

text: singers

text: Of

text: his

text: recordings

text: 's

text: The

text: Essential

text: Pavarotti

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: classical

text: album

text: to

text: reach

text: No

text: on

text: Britain

text: 's

text: pop

text: charts

text: where

text: it

text: remained

text: for

text: five

text: weeks

text: 's

text: The

text: Three

text: Tenors

text: in

text: Concert

text: with

text: Placido

text: Domingo

text: and

text: Jose

text: Carreras

text: remains

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: classical

text: album

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: Pavarotti

text: joined

text: with

text: Domingo

text: and

text: Carreras

text: in

text: and

text: although

text: critics

text: complained

text: that

text: Pavarotti

text: 's

text: vocal

text: skills

text: were

text: waning

text: the

text: trio

text: performed

text: together

text: for

text: years

text: Among

text: his

text: charities

text: were

text: a

text: Concert

text: for

text: Bosnia

text: that

text: raised

text: million

text: and

text: other

text: concerts

text: that

text: raised

text: million

text: for

text: refugees

text: from

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: million

text: for

text: refugees

text: from

text: Kosovo

text: In

text: artistic

text: terms

text: Pavarotti

text: brought

text: to

text: the

text: stage

text: a

text: voice

text: neatly

text: suited

text: to

text: the

text: traditional

text: bel

text: canto

text: or

text: beautiful

text: singing

text: style

text: essential

text: to

text: century

text: Italian

text: opera

text: As

text: much

text: about

text: intensity

text: as

text: pitch

text: bel

text: canto

text: focuses

text: the

text: voice

text: concentrating

text: the

text: sound

text: with

text: both

text: outstanding

text: warmth

text: and

text: agility

text: So

text: demanding

text: is

text: this

text: work

text: even

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: singers

text: that

text: Pavarotti

text: in

text: concert

text: recital

text: could

text: be

text: seen

text: rising

text: to

text: the

text: balls

text: of

text: his

text: feet

text: during

text: the

text: most

text: challenging

text: passages

text: A

text: long

text: white

text: handkerchief

text: always

text: hung

text: from

text: one

text: hand

text: as

text: he

text: sang

text: his

text: eyebrows

text: arched

text: high

text: in

text: the

text: effort

text: forming

text: an

text: expression

text: seemingly

text: of

text: surprise

text: at

text: his

text: own

text: success

text: From

text: his

text: small

text: beginnings

text: Pavarotti

text: rose

text: to

text: great

text: heights

text: performing

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: people

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: Central

text: Park

text: a

text: concert

text: seen

text: by

text: millions

text: on

text: television

text: and

text: before

text: another

text: at

text: Paris

text: Eiffel

text: Tower

text: He

text: won

text: countless

text: awards

text: and

text: honors

text: including

text: five

text: Grammies

text: and

text: was

text: named

text: United

text: Nations

text: Messenger

text: for

text: Peace

text: by

text: then

text: Secretary

text: General

text: Kofi

text: Annan

text: He

text: launched

text: an

text: international

text: competition

text: The

text: Pavarotti

text: International

text: Voice

text: Competition

text: in

text: He

text: even

text: founded

text: a

text: teaching

text: facility

text: for

text: young

text: singers

text: in

text: his

text: home

text: town

text: His

text: signature

text: aria

text: Puccini

text: 's

text: Nessun

text: Dorma

text: from

text: Turandot

text: was

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: theme

text: music

text: for

text: the

text: soccer

text: World

text: Cup

text: hosted

text: by

text: Italy

text: He

text: also

text: performed

text: the

text: aria

text: at

text: the

text: opening

text: ceremony

text: of

text: the

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: in

text: Turin

text: The

text: great

text: singer

text: was

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: an

text: equestrian

text: expert

text: organizing

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: show

text: jumping

text: circuit

text: 's

text: most

text: important

text: competitions

text: the

text: Pavarotti

text: International

text: in

text: Modena

text: Coinciding

text: with

text: that

text: event

text: Pavarotti

text: also

text: staged

text: an

text: annual

text: charity

text: concert

text: Pavarotti

text: and

text: Friends

text: The

text: portly

text: singer

text: retired

text: from

text: staged

text: opera

text: in

text: but

text: was

text: on

text: a

text: farewell

text: tour

text: of

text: concerts

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: diagnosed

text: with

text: pancreatic

text: cancer

text: in

text: and

text: underwent

text: emergency

text: surgery

text: to

text: remove

text: the

text: tumor

text: Although

text: the

text: remaining

text: concerts

text: of

text: his

text: tour

text: were

text: canceled

text: his

text: management

text: said

text: that

text: he

text: hoped

text: to

text: resume

text: the

text: tour

text: in

text: When

text: cancer

text: finally

text: stopped

text: Pavarotti

text: from

text: singing

text: it

text: was

text: only

text: the

text: second

text: interruption

text: of

text: his

text: career

text: I

text: think

text: I

text: just

text: stopped

text: for

text: one

text: year

text: when

text: from

text: a

text: kid

text: I

text: become

text: a

text: man

text: and

text: the

text: voice

text: is

text: changing

text: he

text: said

text: in

text: I

text: was

text: an

text: alto

text: and

text: became

text: a

text: tenor

text: and

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: time

text: I

text: think

text: I

text: remember

text: to

text: have

text: stopped

text: singing

text: Otherwise

text: I

text: have

text: sung

text: all

text: my

text: life

text: E

text: mail

text: to

text: a

text: friend

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Porter

text: Anderson

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: When was Pavarotti diagnosed with cancer?

answer: 2006

question: When did he retire from the stage?

answer: 2004,

question: What was he diagnosed with in 2006?

answer: pancreatic cancer

text: pancreatic cancer

question: What is he considered to be?

answer: the greatest tenor of his time,

text: the greatest tenor of his time,

question: Who is the greatest tenor of his time?

answer: Luciano Pavarotti,

text: Luciano Pavarotti,


text:
(PEOPLE.com) -- It's another "Bachelor" break-up: Vienna Girardi and Kasey Kahl have called it quits.

"Yes vienna and I have split. It's been 5 weeks now. I can't fake it anymore. I will always love, be there for her, and wish her the best," Kahl, 27, posted to Twitter on Sunday.

"@KaseyRKahl will always be my best friend, but yes we have split. No idea what the future holds for us but we will always remain friends," Girardi, 25, posted to her account.

Girardi won Jake Pavelka's season of "The Bachelor" but the engagement didn't last long and the couple split in an ugly and highly publicized break-up.

Kahl wooed Ali Fedotowsky on "The Bachelorette" with song, and his catch phrase, "guard and protect your heart," ended up tattooed on his wrist. Fedotowsky was unimpressed.

Girardi and Kahl didn't give up on love or on reality TV. On "Bachelor Pad," Kahl and Girardi quickly became the power couple to beat, though they lost the competition to on-again-off-again couple Holly Durst and Michael Stagliano in the show's finale.

See the full article at PEOPLE.com.

Â© 2011 People and Time Inc. All rights reserved.

text: PEOPLE.com

text: It

text: 's

text: another

text: Bachelor

text: break

text: up

text: Vienna

text: Girardi

text: and

text: Kasey

text: Kahl

text: have

text: called

text: it

text: quits

text: Yes

text: vienna

text: and

text: I

text: have

text: split

text: It

text: 's

text: been

text: weeks

text: now

text: I

text: ca

text: n't

text: fake

text: it

text: anymore

text: I

text: will

text: always

text: love

text: be

text: there

text: for

text: her

text: and

text: wish

text: her

text: the

text: best

text: Kahl

text: posted

text: to

text: Twitter

text: on

text: Sunday

text: @KaseyRKahl

text: will

text: always

text: be

text: my

text: best

text: friend

text: but

text: yes

text: we

text: have

text: split

text: No

text: idea

text: what

text: the

text: future

text: holds

text: for

text: us

text: but

text: we

text: will

text: always

text: remain

text: friends

text: Girardi

text: posted

text: to

text: her

text: account

text: Girardi

text: won

text: Jake

text: Pavelka

text: 's

text: season

text: of

text: The

text: Bachelor

text: but

text: the

text: engagement

text: did

text: n't

text: last

text: long

text: and

text: the

text: couple

text: split

text: in

text: an

text: ugly

text: and

text: highly

text: publicized

text: break

text: up

text: Kahl

text: wooed

text: Ali

text: Fedotowsky

text: on

text: The

text: Bachelorette

text: with

text: song

text: and

text: his

text: catch

text: phrase

text: guard

text: and

text: protect

text: your

text: heart

text: ended

text: up

text: tattooed

text: on

text: his

text: wrist

text: Fedotowsky

text: was

text: unimpressed

text: Girardi

text: and

text: Kahl

text: did

text: n't

text: give

text: up

text: on

text: love

text: or

text: on

text: reality

text: TV

text: On

text: Bachelor

text: Pad

text: Kahl

text: and

text: Girardi

text: quickly

text: became

text: the

text: power

text: couple

text: to

text: beat

text: though

text: they

text: lost

text: the

text: competition

text: to

text: on

text: again

text: off

text: again

text: couple

text: Holly

text: Durst

text: and

text: Michael

text: Stagliano

text: in

text: the

text: show

text: 's

text: finale

text: See

text: the

text: full

text: article

text: at

text: PEOPLE.com

text: Â

text: People

text: and

text: Time

text: Inc.

text: All

text: rights

text: reserved

question: Who won jake pavelkas season of the bachelor?

answer: Girardi

text: Girardi

question: what does kasey said

answer: "Yes vienna and I have split.

text: "Yes vienna and I have split.

question: What did kasey kahl say on twitter?

answer: "Yes vienna and I have split. It's been 5 weeks now. I can't fake it anymore. I will always love, be there for her, and wish her the best,"

text: "Yes vienna and I have split. It's been 5 weeks now. I can't fake it anymore. I will always love, be there for her, and wish her the best,"

question: Who wooed ali fedotowsky?

answer: Kasey Kahl

text: Kasey Kahl


text:
ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia (CNN) -- African leaders have chosen Libyan President Moammar Gadhafi as chairman of the African Union, according to Ethiopian and Libyan official news agencies.

Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi will chair the African Union for one year.

At a closed session on Monday, the 53-member Assembly of the African Union Heads of State and Government elected Gadhafi to replace the Tanzanian President, Jakaya Kikwete, who held the position for the last year.

Chairmanship of the AU went to the northern African nation because the post is a rotating position held by heads of state for one year.

According to Libya's official news agency, Gadhafi will attempt in his new role "to take a decision on establishing an executive instrument for the AU, to push Africa forward to become African united states, such as the United States of Africa."

U.S. State Department spokesman Robert Wood answered only in general terms about how the United States would deal with its former adversary as the AU president.

"In terms of our working with the AU, we're going to continue, because we have a lot of interests and joint interest in terms of trying to bring peace and stability and economic development and delivery of humanitarian assistance to the continent where it's needed," Wood said.

"And so the AU is an important partner for us. It will continue to be. And we'll just have to see how it goes."

The United States named Libya a state sponsor of terrorism in 1979 and severed diplomatic relations in 1981 after years of strained relations following a 1969 coup that left Gadhafi as head of the government.

But the two countries moved closer after Libya agreed to pay restitution to families of victims of the 1988 bombing of a Pan Am jet over Lockerbie, Scotland, and announced its decision to abandon a weapons of mass destruction program.

The United States removed Libya from the list of state sponsors of terrorism and restored full diplomatic relations in 2006.

text: ADDIS

text: ABABA

text: Ethiopia

text: CNN

text: African

text: leaders

text: have

text: chosen

text: Libyan

text: President

text: Moammar

text: Gadhafi

text: as

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: African

text: Union

text: according

text: to

text: Ethiopian

text: and

text: Libyan

text: official

text: news

text: agencies

text: Libyan

text: leader

text: Moammar

text: Gadhafi

text: will

text: chair

text: the

text: African

text: Union

text: for

text: one

text: year

text: At

text: a

text: closed

text: session

text: on

text: Monday

text: the

text: Assembly

text: of

text: the

text: African

text: Union

text: Heads

text: of

text: State

text: and

text: Government

text: elected

text: Gadhafi

text: to

text: replace

text: the

text: Tanzanian

text: President

text: Jakaya

text: Kikwete

text: who

text: held

text: the

text: position

text: for

text: the

text: last

text: year

text: Chairmanship

text: of

text: the

text: AU

text: went

text: to

text: the

text: northern

text: African

text: nation

text: because

text: the

text: post

text: is

text: a

text: rotating

text: position

text: held

text: by

text: heads

text: of

text: state

text: for

text: one

text: year

text: According

text: to

text: Libya

text: 's

text: official

text: news

text: agency

text: Gadhafi

text: will

text: attempt

text: in

text: his

text: new

text: role

text: to

text: take

text: a

text: decision

text: on

text: establishing

text: an

text: executive

text: instrument

text: for

text: the

text: AU

text: to

text: push

text: Africa

text: forward

text: to

text: become

text: African

text: united

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: Africa

text: U.S.

text: State

text: Department

text: spokesman

text: Robert

text: Wood

text: answered

text: only

text: in

text: general

text: terms

text: about

text: how

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: would

text: deal

text: with

text: its

text: former

text: adversary

text: as

text: the

text: AU

text: president

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: our

text: working

text: with

text: the

text: AU

text: we

text: 're

text: going

text: to

text: continue

text: because

text: we

text: have

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: interests

text: and

text: joint

text: interest

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: trying

text: to

text: bring

text: peace

text: and

text: stability

text: and

text: economic

text: development

text: and

text: delivery

text: of

text: humanitarian

text: assistance

text: to

text: the

text: continent

text: where

text: it

text: 's

text: needed

text: Wood

text: said

text: And

text: so

text: the

text: AU

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: partner

text: for

text: us

text: It

text: will

text: continue

text: to

text: be

text: And

text: we

text: 'll

text: just

text: have

text: to

text: see

text: how

text: it

text: goes

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: named

text: Libya

text: a

text: state

text: sponsor

text: of

text: terrorism

text: in

text: and

text: severed

text: diplomatic

text: relations

text: in

text: after

text: years

text: of

text: strained

text: relations

text: following

text: a

text: coup

text: that

text: left

text: Gadhafi

text: as

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: But

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: moved

text: closer

text: after

text: Libya

text: agreed

text: to

text: pay

text: restitution

text: to

text: families

text: of

text: victims

text: of

text: the

text: bombing

text: of

text: a

text: Pan

text: Am

text: jet

text: over

text: Lockerbie

text: Scotland

text: and

text: announced

text: its

text: decision

text: to

text: abandon

text: a

text: weapons

text: of

text: mass

text: destruction

text: program

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: removed

text: Libya

text: from

text: the

text: list

text: of

text: state

text: sponsors

text: of

text: terrorism

text: and

text: restored

text: full

text: diplomatic

text: relations

text: in

question: Who did Gadhafi replace?

answer: Jakaya Kikwete,

text: Jakaya Kikwete,

question: who replaced the leader?

answer: Moammar Gadhafi

text: Moammar Gadhafi

question: What is a rotating position?

answer: Chairmanship of the AU

text: Chairmanship of the AU

question: What was his position?

answer: of the African Union,

text: of the African Union,

question: Who is an important partner?

answer: the AU

text: the AU

question: Who is the partner?

answer: AU

text: AU


text:
(CNN) -- Spaniard Jorge Lorenzo will miss the final race of 2011 MotoGP season in Valencia this weekend as he continues to recover from a finger injury.

The Yamaha rider required plastic surgery to repair a damaged ring finger on his left hand after a crash in Australia three weeks ago.

Lorenzo, 24, is guaranteed second place in the world championship due to the 48-point lead he holds over third-place Honda rider Andrea Dovizioso. Australian Casey Stoner has already secured this year's world championship.

Japanese test rider Katsuyuki Nakasuga will replace the 2010 world champion for Sunday's race in the Spanish port city.

"Lorenzo continues to make good progress in recovery following plastic surgery to repair damage to the ring finger of his left hand sustained in Phillip Island three weeks ago," read a statement on the sport's official website.

"The Mallorcan's injuries require further recovery time to allow him to ride at a competitive level."

This weekend's race will be the first since Italian rider Marco Simoncelli was tragically killed in a crash in Malaysia on October 23.

A 16-meter wall bearing the 24-year-old's racing number of 58 has been erected at the circuit for fans to leave their own personal tributes to the Italian.

In addition, riders will gather on track prior to Sunday's season-ending race to their own tribute to Simoncelli -- who raced for the Honda team.

text: CNN

text: Spaniard

text: Jorge

text: Lorenzo

text: will

text: miss

text: the

text: final

text: race

text: of

text: MotoGP

text: season

text: in

text: Valencia

text: this

text: weekend

text: as

text: he

text: continues

text: to

text: recover

text: from

text: a

text: finger

text: injury

text: The

text: Yamaha

text: rider

text: required

text: plastic

text: surgery

text: to

text: repair

text: a

text: damaged

text: ring

text: finger

text: on

text: his

text: left

text: hand

text: after

text: a

text: crash

text: in

text: Australia

text: three

text: weeks

text: ago

text: Lorenzo

text: is

text: guaranteed

text: second

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: championship

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: lead

text: he

text: holds

text: over

text: third

text: place

text: Honda

text: rider

text: Andrea

text: Dovizioso

text: Australian

text: Casey

text: Stoner

text: has

text: already

text: secured

text: this

text: year

text: 's

text: world

text: championship

text: Japanese

text: test

text: rider

text: Katsuyuki

text: Nakasuga

text: will

text: replace

text: the

text: world

text: champion

text: for

text: Sunday

text: 's

text: race

text: in

text: the

text: Spanish

text: port

text: city

text: Lorenzo

text: continues

text: to

text: make

text: good

text: progress

text: in

text: recovery

text: following

text: plastic

text: surgery

text: to

text: repair

text: damage

text: to

text: the

text: ring

text: finger

text: of

text: his

text: left

text: hand

text: sustained

text: in

text: Phillip

text: Island

text: three

text: weeks

text: ago

text: read

text: a

text: statement

text: on

text: the

text: sport

text: 's

text: official

text: website

text: The

text: Mallorcan

text: 's

text: injuries

text: require

text: further

text: recovery

text: time

text: to

text: allow

text: him

text: to

text: ride

text: at

text: a

text: competitive

text: level

text: This

text: weekend

text: 's

text: race

text: will

text: be

text: the

text: first

text: since

text: Italian

text: rider

text: Marco

text: Simoncelli

text: was

text: tragically

text: killed

text: in

text: a

text: crash

text: in

text: Malaysia

text: on

text: October

text: A

text: wall

text: bearing

text: the

text: old

text: 's

text: racing

text: number

text: of

text: has

text: been

text: erected

text: at

text: the

text: circuit

text: for

text: fans

text: to

text: leave

text: their

text: own

text: personal

text: tributes

text: to

text: the

text: Italian

text: In

text: addition

text: riders

text: will

text: gather

text: on

text: track

text: prior

text: to

text: Sunday

text: 's

text: season

text: ending

text: race

text: to

text: their

text: own

text: tribute

text: to

text: Simoncelli

text: who

text: raced

text: for

text: the

text: Honda

text: team

question: What type of surgery did he have?

answer: plastic

text: plastic

question: Which race will Jorge Lorenzo miss?

answer: the final

text: the final

question: What is he recovering from?

answer: finger injury.

text: finger injury.

question: Who will miss the final race?

answer: Jorge Lorenzo

text: Jorge Lorenzo

question: What nationality is Lorenzo?

answer: Spaniard

text: Spaniard

question: Who will miss the final race of the season?

answer: Jorge Lorenzo

text: Jorge Lorenzo

question: Where is Sunday's race?

answer: Valencia

text: Valencia

question: What is he still recovering from?

answer: a finger injury.

text: a finger injury.

question: What is the first since the death of Marco Simoncelli?

answer: race

text: race


text:
(Mental Floss) -- The legend of Jack Daniel reaches all the way back to the moment he was born. Unfortunately, nobody knows exactly when that was.

Jack Daniel believed the more memorable his image, the more memorable his whiskey.

Some records show that Jasper Newton "Jack" Daniel came into the world on September 5, 1846. His tombstone, however, says 1850. Strange, because his mother died in 1847.

All of this might not normally matter, but Jack's birth date is important to his overall legend, which proudly proclaims him "the boy distiller." So perhaps it's best we begin when Jack was first introduced to whiskey, which we know was early in life.

Leaving home at a young age, Jack struck out on his own with nothing more than a handful of items valued at $9. He ended up at the home of Dan Call, a preacher at a nearby Lutheran church and the owner of a general store. There, Reverend Call also happened to sell whiskey that he distilled himself.

Jack quickly became determined to learn the craft. In fact, many storytellers claim the boy wonder bought the still from Call and began pursuing the business full-time at the ripe age of 16. If that legend is true, then Jack began selling his own Tennessee whiskey only three years later; the famous black labels on the company bottles proudly pronounce, "Established and Registered in 1866."

In reality, no documents support that myth. Jack may have been a teenage moonshiner, but he didn't register his business with the federal government until 1875. And by then, Jack would have been the more booze-appropriate age of 29.

The maker makes his mark

Whatever legends exist, one thing is certain: Jack Daniel had a brilliant mind for marketing. Even as a youngster, Jack understood that if people remembered him, they would remember his whiskey.

To that end, he decked himself out in a formal knee-length coat, a vest, a tie, and a wide-brim planter's hat, and was never caught out of "uniform" again.

Jack also established the Jack Daniel's Silver Cornet Band -- a 10-member outfit solely devoted to promoting his whiskey across the countryside. With uniforms and instruments from the Sears & Roebuck catalog and a specially designed wagon for traveling, Jack made sure the band played every saloon opening, Fourth of July celebration, and political rally around.

But perhaps Jack's most brilliant decision concerned how to present his whiskey. From the beginning, Jack had been one of the first sellers to stencil his distillery name on his whiskey jugs.

Next, he upgraded to round, custom-embossed bottles. But when a glass salesman showed him a prototype square bottle in 1895, Jack realized he'd stumbled upon something unique. The new bottles not only stood out from the crowd, but also had a shape that would prevent them from rolling around and breaking during transport. In addition, the square look reinforced the idea that Jack was a square dealer who put honest work and high standards first.

Whatever effort Jack Daniel put into his marketing, he never let quality slip. In 1904, the distiller decided on a whim to enter his whiskey in the taste competition at the St. Louis World's Fair. It came as little surprise when he won.

Lucky No. 7

Perhaps Jack's greatest coup was the name he gave his high-quality product -- Old No. 7. Naturally, nobody seems to know why. The official historian at the Jack Daniel Distillery today says it's the most oft-asked question on factory tours.

As you might imagine, many theories have been advanced. Jack had seven girlfriends. Jack believed the number seven was lucky. Jack was honoring a merchant friend who owned seven stores that distributed Jack's liquor. Jack misplaced a batch of whiskey for seven years and, upon finding it, labeled it "Old No. 7."

None of these stories, however, makes as much sense as the less-than-sexy explanation from Jack Daniel biographer Peter Krass. Simply put, Jack was originally assigned a district tax assessment number of 7.

But when the IRS consolidated districts within Tennessee, they arbitrarily reassigned him the number 16. Jack didn't want to confuse his loyal consumers, and he certainly didn't want to bend to the government, so he began labeling his bottles "Old No. 7." More than 125 years later, this act of defiance still makes his labels stand out.

Jack without Jill

Jack Daniel never married. Some say it's because he was married to his work; others say it's because he never found a girl who measured up to his high standards.

Or perhaps it's just that he was too busy catering to the greater Lynchburg population -- throwing elaborate Christmas feasts, hosting exquisite costume parties in his second-story ballroom, and donating money to every church in Moore County.

But by all accounts, Jack was quite a ladies' man. He was a perfect dance partner, a polite conversationalist, and a fantastic gift-giver. Unfortunately, he also gravitated toward girls young enough to be his daughter (or even granddaughter).

Once, Jack even asked for a woman's hand in marriage, but her father denied him -- partly because Jack enjoyed keeping his own legend alive and always hesitated to reveal his true birth date. When Jack proposed, her father made it clear that any man unwilling to disclose his age was "a little too old for such a young girl."

The early bird gets the gangrene

Hard as it might be to believe, in the end, the great distiller actually died from getting to work too early. As the story goes, one morning in 1906, Jack arrived at his office before anybody else. He tried to access the company safe, but had a terrible time remembering the code.

After a few frustrating minutes, he kicked the safe as hard as he could. He badly bruised his left foot and immediately began to walk with a limp. The limp only grew worse with time, and he later discovered the injury had led to blood poisoning. Then came gangrene, then amputation, and then, five years later, death.

It's not the happiest ending for the story, or the clearest cut, but it is the best, because it adds to the mystery and mystique of Jack Daniel. As they say, where facts cannot be found, legends fill the empty space and that's perfectly fine for the keepers of the company flame.

After all, as Jack himself believed, the more memorable his image, the more memorable his whiskey.

For more mental_floss articles, visit mentalfloss.com

text: Mental

text: Floss

text: The

text: legend

text: of

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: reaches

text: all

text: the

text: way

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: moment

text: he

text: was

text: born

text: Unfortunately

text: nobody

text: knows

text: exactly

text: when

text: that

text: was

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: believed

text: the

text: more

text: memorable

text: his

text: image

text: the

text: more

text: memorable

text: his

text: whiskey

text: Some

text: records

text: show

text: that

text: Jasper

text: Newton

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: came

text: into

text: the

text: world

text: on

text: September

text: His

text: tombstone

text: however

text: says

text: Strange

text: because

text: his

text: mother

text: died

text: in

text: All

text: of

text: this

text: might

text: not

text: normally

text: matter

text: but

text: Jack

text: 's

text: birth

text: date

text: is

text: important

text: to

text: his

text: overall

text: legend

text: which

text: proudly

text: proclaims

text: him

text: the

text: boy

text: distiller

text: So

text: perhaps

text: it

text: 's

text: best

text: we

text: begin

text: when

text: Jack

text: was

text: first

text: introduced

text: to

text: whiskey

text: which

text: we

text: know

text: was

text: early

text: in

text: life

text: Leaving

text: home

text: at

text: a

text: young

text: age

text: Jack

text: struck

text: out

text: on

text: his

text: own

text: with

text: nothing

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: handful

text: of

text: items

text: valued

text: at

text: He

text: ended

text: up

text: at

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: Dan

text: Call

text: a

text: preacher

text: at

text: a

text: nearby

text: Lutheran

text: church

text: and

text: the

text: owner

text: of

text: a

text: general

text: store

text: There

text: Reverend

text: Call

text: also

text: happened

text: to

text: sell

text: whiskey

text: that

text: he

text: distilled

text: himself

text: Jack

text: quickly

text: became

text: determined

text: to

text: learn

text: the

text: craft

text: In

text: fact

text: many

text: storytellers

text: claim

text: the

text: boy

text: wonder

text: bought

text: the

text: still

text: from

text: Call

text: and

text: began

text: pursuing

text: the

text: business

text: full

text: time

text: at

text: the

text: ripe

text: age

text: of

text: If

text: that

text: legend

text: is

text: true

text: then

text: Jack

text: began

text: selling

text: his

text: own

text: Tennessee

text: whiskey

text: only

text: three

text: years

text: later

text: the

text: famous

text: black

text: labels

text: on

text: the

text: company

text: bottles

text: proudly

text: pronounce

text: Established

text: and

text: Registered

text: in

text: In

text: reality

text: no

text: documents

text: support

text: that

text: myth

text: Jack

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: teenage

text: moonshiner

text: but

text: he

text: did

text: n't

text: register

text: his

text: business

text: with

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: until

text: And

text: by

text: then

text: Jack

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: the

text: more

text: booze

text: appropriate

text: age

text: of

text: The

text: maker

text: makes

text: his

text: mark

text: Whatever

text: legends

text: exist

text: one

text: thing

text: is

text: certain

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: had

text: a

text: brilliant

text: mind

text: for

text: marketing

text: Even

text: as

text: a

text: youngster

text: Jack

text: understood

text: that

text: if

text: people

text: remembered

text: him

text: they

text: would

text: remember

text: his

text: whiskey

text: To

text: that

text: end

text: he

text: decked

text: himself

text: out

text: in

text: a

text: formal

text: knee

text: length

text: coat

text: a

text: vest

text: a

text: tie

text: and

text: a

text: wide

text: brim

text: planter

text: 's

text: hat

text: and

text: was

text: never

text: caught

text: out

text: of

text: uniform

text: again

text: Jack

text: also

text: established

text: the

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: 's

text: Silver

text: Cornet

text: Band

text: a

text: outfit

text: solely

text: devoted

text: to

text: promoting

text: his

text: whiskey

text: across

text: the

text: countryside

text: With

text: uniforms

text: and

text: instruments

text: from

text: the

text: Sears

text: Roebuck

text: catalog

text: and

text: a

text: specially

text: designed

text: wagon

text: for

text: traveling

text: Jack

text: made

text: sure

text: the

text: band

text: played

text: every

text: saloon

text: opening

text: Fourth

text: of

text: July

text: celebration

text: and

text: political

text: rally

text: around

text: But

text: perhaps

text: Jack

text: 's

text: most

text: brilliant

text: decision

text: concerned

text: how

text: to

text: present

text: his

text: whiskey

text: From

text: the

text: beginning

text: Jack

text: had

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: sellers

text: to

text: stencil

text: his

text: distillery

text: name

text: on

text: his

text: whiskey

text: jugs

text: Next

text: he

text: upgraded

text: to

text: round

text: custom

text: embossed

text: bottles

text: But

text: when

text: a

text: glass

text: salesman

text: showed

text: him

text: a

text: prototype

text: square

text: bottle

text: in

text: Jack

text: realized

text: he

text: 'd

text: stumbled

text: upon

text: something

text: unique

text: The

text: new

text: bottles

text: not

text: only

text: stood

text: out

text: from

text: the

text: crowd

text: but

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: shape

text: that

text: would

text: prevent

text: them

text: from

text: rolling

text: around

text: and

text: breaking

text: during

text: transport

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: square

text: look

text: reinforced

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: Jack

text: was

text: a

text: square

text: dealer

text: who

text: put

text: honest

text: work

text: and

text: high

text: standards

text: first

text: Whatever

text: effort

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: put

text: into

text: his

text: marketing

text: he

text: never

text: let

text: quality

text: slip

text: In

text: the

text: distiller

text: decided

text: on

text: a

text: whim

text: to

text: enter

text: his

text: whiskey

text: in

text: the

text: taste

text: competition

text: at

text: the

text: St.

text: Louis

text: World

text: 's

text: Fair

text: It

text: came

text: as

text: little

text: surprise

text: when

text: he

text: won

text: Lucky

text: No

text: Perhaps

text: Jack

text: 's

text: greatest

text: coup

text: was

text: the

text: name

text: he

text: gave

text: his

text: high

text: quality

text: product

text: Old

text: No

text: Naturally

text: nobody

text: seems

text: to

text: know

text: why

text: The

text: official

text: historian

text: at

text: the

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: Distillery

text: today

text: says

text: it

text: 's

text: the

text: most

text: oft

text: asked

text: question

text: on

text: factory

text: tours

text: As

text: you

text: might

text: imagine

text: many

text: theories

text: have

text: been

text: advanced

text: Jack

text: had

text: seven

text: girlfriends

text: Jack

text: believed

text: the

text: number

text: seven

text: was

text: lucky

text: Jack

text: was

text: honoring

text: a

text: merchant

text: friend

text: who

text: owned

text: seven

text: stores

text: that

text: distributed

text: Jack

text: 's

text: liquor

text: Jack

text: misplaced

text: a

text: batch

text: of

text: whiskey

text: for

text: seven

text: years

text: and

text: upon

text: finding

text: it

text: labeled

text: it

text: Old

text: No

text: of

text: these

text: stories

text: however

text: makes

text: as

text: much

text: sense

text: as

text: the

text: less

text: than

text: sexy

text: explanation

text: from

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: biographer

text: Peter

text: Krass

text: Simply

text: put

text: Jack

text: was

text: originally

text: assigned

text: a

text: district

text: tax

text: assessment

text: number

text: of

text: But

text: when

text: the

text: IRS

text: consolidated

text: districts

text: within

text: Tennessee

text: they

text: arbitrarily

text: reassigned

text: him

text: the

text: number

text: Jack

text: did

text: n't

text: want

text: to

text: confuse

text: his

text: loyal

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text: and

text: he

text: certainly

text: did

text: n't

text: want

text: to

text: bend

text: to

text: the

text: government

text: so

text: he

text: began

text: labeling

text: his

text: bottles

text: Old

text: No

text: More

text: than

text: years

text: later

text: this

text: act

text: of

text: defiance

text: still

text: makes

text: his

text: labels

text: stand

text: out

text: Jack

text: without

text: Jill

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: never

text: married

text: Some

text: say

text: it

text: 's

text: because

text: he

text: was

text: married

text: to

text: his

text: work

text: others

text: say

text: it

text: 's

text: because

text: he

text: never

text: found

text: a

text: girl

text: who

text: measured

text: up

text: to

text: his

text: high

text: standards

text: Or

text: perhaps

text: it

text: 's

text: just

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: too

text: busy

text: catering

text: to

text: the

text: greater

text: Lynchburg

text: population

text: throwing

text: elaborate

text: Christmas

text: feasts

text: hosting

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text: parties

text: in

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text: story

text: ballroom

text: and

text: donating

text: money

text: to

text: every

text: church

text: in

text: Moore

text: County

text: But

text: by

text: all

text: accounts

text: Jack

text: was

text: quite

text: a

text: ladies

text: man

text: He

text: was

text: a

text: perfect

text: dance

text: partner

text: a

text: polite

text: conversationalist

text: and

text: a

text: fantastic

text: gift

text: giver

text: Unfortunately

text: he

text: also

text: gravitated

text: toward

text: girls

text: young

text: enough

text: to

text: be

text: his

text: daughter

text: or

text: even

text: granddaughter

text: Once

text: Jack

text: even

text: asked

text: for

text: a

text: woman

text: 's

text: hand

text: in

text: marriage

text: but

text: her

text: father

text: denied

text: him

text: partly

text: because

text: Jack

text: enjoyed

text: keeping

text: his

text: own

text: legend

text: alive

text: and

text: always

text: hesitated

text: to

text: reveal

text: his

text: true

text: birth

text: date

text: When

text: Jack

text: proposed

text: her

text: father

text: made

text: it

text: clear

text: that

text: any

text: man

text: unwilling

text: to

text: disclose

text: his

text: age

text: was

text: a

text: little

text: too

text: old

text: for

text: such

text: a

text: young

text: girl

text: The

text: early

text: bird

text: gets

text: the

text: gangrene

text: Hard

text: as

text: it

text: might

text: be

text: to

text: believe

text: in

text: the

text: end

text: the

text: great

text: distiller

text: actually

text: died

text: from

text: getting

text: to

text: work

text: too

text: early

text: As

text: the

text: story

text: goes

text: one

text: morning

text: in

text: Jack

text: arrived

text: at

text: his

text: office

text: before

text: anybody

text: else

text: He

text: tried

text: to

text: access

text: the

text: company

text: safe

text: but

text: had

text: a

text: terrible

text: time

text: remembering

text: the

text: code

text: After

text: a

text: few

text: frustrating

text: minutes

text: he

text: kicked

text: the

text: safe

text: as

text: hard

text: as

text: he

text: could

text: He

text: badly

text: bruised

text: his

text: left

text: foot

text: and

text: immediately

text: began

text: to

text: walk

text: with

text: a

text: limp

text: The

text: limp

text: only

text: grew

text: worse

text: with

text: time

text: and

text: he

text: later

text: discovered

text: the

text: injury

text: had

text: led

text: to

text: blood

text: poisoning

text: Then

text: came

text: gangrene

text: then

text: amputation

text: and

text: then

text: five

text: years

text: later

text: death

text: It

text: 's

text: not

text: the

text: happiest

text: ending

text: for

text: the

text: story

text: or

text: the

text: clearest

text: cut

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: best

text: because

text: it

text: adds

text: to

text: the

text: mystery

text: and

text: mystique

text: of

text: Jack

text: Daniel

text: As

text: they

text: say

text: where

text: facts

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: found

text: legends

text: fill

text: the

text: empty

text: space

text: and

text: that

text: 's

text: perfectly

text: fine

text: for

text: the

text: keepers

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: flame

text: After

text: all

text: as

text: Jack

text: himself

text: believed

text: the

text: more

text: memorable

text: his

text: image

text: the

text: more

text: memorable

text: his

text: whiskey

text: For

text: more

text: articles

text: visit

text: mentalfloss.com

question: Who died from complications of gangrene from an injury to his foot?

answer: Jack Daniel

text: Jack Daniel

question: What was Daniel's "uniform" made of?

answer: formal knee-length coat, a vest, a tie, and a wide-brim planter's hat,

text: formal knee-length coat, a vest, a tie, and a wide-brim planter's hat,

question: Who was assigned a district tax assessment number of 7?

answer: Jack Daniel

text: Jack Daniel

question: What was Daniel's uniform?

answer: formal knee-length coat, a vest, a tie, and a wide-brim planter's hat,

text: formal knee-length coat, a vest, a tie, and a wide-brim planter's hat,

question: When was Daniel born?

answer: September 5, 1846.

text: September 5, 1846.

question: Who knows exactly when Jack Daniel was born?

answer: nobody knows exactly when that was.

text: nobody knows exactly when that was.


text:
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- The world's tropical forests are disappearing, and one reason is simple economics: People, companies and governments earn more by logging, mining or farming places such as the Amazon jungle than by conserving them.

Global climate change treaty, scheduled for completion in December, is designed to protect tropical forests.

Efforts to halt rain forest destruction date back decades, but they so far have failed to tackle the issue on a scale commensurate with the challenge.

Now there may be a remedy, and the reason is climate change. Increased awareness of the threat from global warming has prompted unprecedented international focus on how to combat it, as well as new appreciation for the vital role of tropical forests in the climate change equation.

On Tuesday, world leaders gather at the United Nations for a special climate change summit, intended to build momentum for a new global climate change treaty being negotiated by almost 200 countries. The new treaty is scheduled to be completed in December in Copenhagen, Denmark.

If eventually enacted, the treaty will include a revolutionary but little-known provision intended to protect remaining tropical forests.

Known as Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation in developing countries, or REDD, the provision is based on the knowledge that destroying tropical forests contributes to global warming.

Rain forests absorb and store huge amounts of carbon dioxide, the most prevalent of the greenhouse gases that cause climate change. Burning or clearing the forests returns that stored CO2 to the atmosphere, where it can trap heat and gradually increase temperatures.

Every year, tropical forests equal to an area the size of England are destroyed, contributing about 20 percent of total annual greenhouse gas emissions -- more than all the world's cars, trucks and airplanes combined.

The idea of the proposed provision is to make the stored carbon dioxide in the forests a commodity that can be bought and sold on the global market.

Polluters in the developing world would be able to offset their emissions by buying credits for stored forest carbon dioxide. The money from those purchases would go to developing world governments, international organizations, local communities and others involved in forest protection programs.

For the first time, tropical forests would be worth money for simply existing. That could create an economic incentive to protect tropical forests, which also have biological value as the planet's richest storehouses of land species and spiritual worth as pristine natural landscapes.

To longtime defenders of tropical forests, the proposal represents the final stage of a long and halting journey from the fringes of the environmental movement toward the mainstream of international policy.

"Done properly, this is our No. 1 hope," said Randall Hayes, who founded the Rainforest Action Network in 1985 with the goal of halting tropical deforestation. "Other strategies have been heroic but insufficient."

The system would let nations and industries that are the biggest greenhouse-gas emitters buy carbon credits in tropical forests in South and Central America, Africa, Southeast Asia and other equatorial regions. At the same time, investors could speculate on the price of carbon dioxide through credit trading. Private and public funds could invest in projects that protect forests to generate credits.

Final details of the plan remain uncertain, such as how forest carbon credits would be verified and how the money paid for them would be handled and distributed.

For developing countries, the idea represents a potential new revenue source. President Bharrat Jagdeo of Guyana, a leading proponent of the plan, has made trading carbon credits a central element of his Low-Carbon Development Strategy.

The strategy "is more about development than about the environment and it will help us to accelerate infrastructural development and fill the budget gap," Jagdeo said in an August 29 speech.

The World Bank and partners have set up funds to help developing countries prepare for REDD and finance forest-protection initiatives. However, both funds are not fully capitalized, pending the successful conclusion of negotiations on the new global climate change treaty.

"Right now everybody is in a wait-and-see mode," said Benoit Bosquet, the World Bank's lead carbon finance specialist. "Everybody seems interested, but the level of activity is still humble."

Conservationists cite the environmental benefits of saving tropical forests, which provide essential resources and services -- such as fresh water, food, flood control and many others -- on which more than a billion people depend. Now, they say, conserving forests also can contribute to sustainable development, benefiting both nature and people.

Yet several steps remain before the tropical-forest provision becomes reality on a large scale.

First, the U.N.-led negotiations must agree on a treaty to succeed the Kyoto Protocol -- the world's first global climate change agreement, which expires in 2012.

The Kyoto treaty created a global carbon market -- but only the carbon storage of newly planted or replanted forests is eligible for credits. REDD also would protect standing forests, to prevent the absorbed carbon dioxide stocks from being released back into the atmosphere.

Whether a new treaty will be completed in December is unclear. Negotiators have yet to set consensus targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and major disputes remain between industrialized powers such as the United States and emerging and developing economies including China and Brazil.

The draft under negotiation includes REDD, but negotiations continue on how broad the policy would be.

Advocates of a limited scope for REDD say areas with no history of deforestation should be excluded because protecting them won't reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

In response, conservationists and developing nations warn against leaving out nations and regions -- including Jagdeo's Guyana, parts of Indonesia and Brazil, Democratic Republic of Congo and others -- that still have much of their tropical forest intact.

They argue that halting deforestation in only some countries would cause the loggers, palm oil developers and other drivers of forest destruction to move to previously untargeted areas.

"If REDD mechanisms exclude any significant group of countries, REDD will fail," Jagdeo told U.N. negotiators in December.

Critics, including some environmental groups, question how such a vast and complex system can be successfully implemented.

A Greenpeace report issued in March said including REDD credits in carbon markets would create a glut and drastically cut the price of carbon, resulting in industrial polluters buying cheap credits for offsets instead of reducing their emissions.

The report also warned of reduced investments in renewable energy technologies due to the lack of an incentive from the cheaper carbon credits.

Others question whether REDD will be another scheme generated by industrialized nations to exploit resources of the developing world, and in particular, the indigenous forest peoples.

Jagdeo, the president of Guyana, has said such critics should recognize the opportunity that a new climate change treaty could present. If it includes sufficiently robust commitments for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, he argues, that would create a strong demand for carbon credits.

The deforestation provision of a climate change treaty could help stem deforestation while providing "badly needed capital flows to some of the poorest countries in the world," he said.

Yet even the idea's most ardent supporters recognize that it could take years for a global-scale program to become effective.

While local projects exist in rain forest countries such as Madagascar, it would take time and money to expand them.

"If there is a deal in Copenhagen and if there is a signaling by industrialized nations that, yes, they will make money available, then you will see developing countries scaling up their readiness," said the World Bank's Bosquet. "They will see that this is now real and it's the time to react."

text: WASHINGTON

text: CNN

text: The

text: world

text: 's

text: tropical

text: forests

text: are

text: disappearing

text: and

text: one

text: reason

text: is

text: simple

text: economics

text: People

text: companies

text: and

text: governments

text: earn

text: more

text: by

text: logging

text: mining

text: or

text: farming

text: places

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Amazon

text: jungle

text: than

text: by

text: conserving

text: them

text: Global

text: climate

text: change

text: treaty

text: scheduled

text: for

text: completion

text: in

text: December

text: is

text: designed

text: to

text: protect

text: tropical

text: forests

text: Efforts

text: to

text: halt

text: rain

text: forest

text: destruction

text: date

text: back

text: decades

text: but

text: they

text: so

text: far

text: have

text: failed

text: to

text: tackle

text: the

text: issue

text: on

text: a

text: scale

text: commensurate

text: with

text: the

text: challenge

text: Now

text: there

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: remedy

text: and

text: the

text: reason

text: is

text: climate

text: change

text: Increased

text: awareness

text: of

text: the

text: threat

text: from

text: global

text: warming

text: has

text: prompted

text: unprecedented

text: international

text: focus

text: on

text: how

text: to

text: combat

text: it

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: new

text: appreciation

text: for

text: the

text: vital

text: role

text: of

text: tropical

text: forests

text: in

text: the

text: climate

text: change

text: equation

text: On

text: Tuesday

text: world

text: leaders

text: gather

text: at

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: for

text: a

text: special

text: climate

text: change

text: summit

text: intended

text: to

text: build

text: momentum

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: global

text: climate

text: change

text: treaty

text: being

text: negotiated

text: by

text: almost

text: countries

text: The

text: new

text: treaty

text: is

text: scheduled

text: to

text: be

text: completed

text: in

text: December

text: in

text: Copenhagen

text: Denmark

text: If

text: eventually

text: enacted

text: the

text: treaty

text: will

text: include

text: a

text: revolutionary

text: but

text: little

text: known

text: provision

text: intended

text: to

text: protect

text: remaining

text: tropical

text: forests

text: Known

text: as

text: Reduced

text: Emissions

text: from

text: Deforestation

text: and

text: Degradation

text: in

text: developing

text: countries

text: or

text: REDD

text: the

text: provision

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: knowledge

text: that

text: destroying

text: tropical

text: forests

text: contributes

text: to

text: global

text: warming

text: Rain

text: forests

text: absorb

text: and

text: store

text: huge

text: amounts

text: of

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: the

text: most

text: prevalent

text: of

text: the

text: greenhouse

text: gases

text: that

text: cause

text: climate

text: change

text: Burning

text: or

text: clearing

text: the

text: forests

text: returns

text: that

text: stored

text: to

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: where

text: it

text: can

text: trap

text: heat

text: and

text: gradually

text: increase

text: temperatures

text: Every

text: year

text: tropical

text: forests

text: equal

text: to

text: an

text: area

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: England

text: are

text: destroyed

text: contributing

text: about

text: percent

text: of

text: total

text: annual

text: greenhouse

text: gas

text: emissions

text: more

text: than

text: all

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: cars

text: trucks

text: and

text: airplanes

text: combined

text: The

text: idea

text: of

text: the

text: proposed

text: provision

text: is

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: stored

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: in

text: the

text: forests

text: a

text: commodity

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: bought

text: and

text: sold

text: on

text: the

text: global

text: market

text: Polluters

text: in

text: the

text: developing

text: world

text: would

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: offset

text: their

text: emissions

text: by

text: buying

text: credits

text: for

text: stored

text: forest

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: The

text: money

text: from

text: those

text: purchases

text: would

text: go

text: to

text: developing

text: world

text: governments

text: international

text: organizations

text: local

text: communities

text: and

text: others

text: involved

text: in

text: forest

text: protection

text: programs

text: For

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: tropical

text: forests

text: would

text: be

text: worth

text: money

text: for

text: simply

text: existing

text: That

text: could

text: create

text: an

text: economic

text: incentive

text: to

text: protect

text: tropical

text: forests

text: which

text: also

text: have

text: biological

text: value

text: as

text: the

text: planet

text: 's

text: richest

text: storehouses

text: of

text: land

text: species

text: and

text: spiritual

text: worth

text: as

text: pristine

text: natural

text: landscapes

text: To

text: longtime

text: defenders

text: of

text: tropical

text: forests

text: the

text: proposal

text: represents

text: the

text: final

text: stage

text: of

text: a

text: long

text: and

text: halting

text: journey

text: from

text: the

text: fringes

text: of

text: the

text: environmental

text: movement

text: toward

text: the

text: mainstream

text: of

text: international

text: policy

text: Done

text: properly

text: this

text: is

text: our

text: No

text: hope

text: said

text: Randall

text: Hayes

text: who

text: founded

text: the

text: Rainforest

text: Action

text: Network

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: goal

text: of

text: halting

text: tropical

text: deforestation

text: Other

text: strategies

text: have

text: been

text: heroic

text: but

text: insufficient

text: The

text: system

text: would

text: let

text: nations

text: and

text: industries

text: that

text: are

text: the

text: biggest

text: greenhouse

text: gas

text: emitters

text: buy

text: carbon

text: credits

text: in

text: tropical

text: forests

text: in

text: South

text: and

text: Central

text: America

text: Africa

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: and

text: other

text: equatorial

text: regions

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: investors

text: could

text: speculate

text: on

text: the

text: price

text: of

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: through

text: credit

text: trading

text: Private

text: and

text: public

text: funds

text: could

text: invest

text: in

text: projects

text: that

text: protect

text: forests

text: to

text: generate

text: credits

text: Final

text: details

text: of

text: the

text: plan

text: remain

text: uncertain

text: such

text: as

text: how

text: forest

text: carbon

text: credits

text: would

text: be

text: verified

text: and

text: how

text: the

text: money

text: paid

text: for

text: them

text: would

text: be

text: handled

text: and

text: distributed

text: For

text: developing

text: countries

text: the

text: idea

text: represents

text: a

text: potential

text: new

text: revenue

text: source

text: President

text: Bharrat

text: Jagdeo

text: of

text: Guyana

text: a

text: leading

text: proponent

text: of

text: the

text: plan

text: has

text: made

text: trading

text: carbon

text: credits

text: a

text: central

text: element

text: of

text: his

text: Low

text: Carbon

text: Development

text: Strategy

text: The

text: strategy

text: is

text: more

text: about

text: development

text: than

text: about

text: the

text: environment

text: and

text: it

text: will

text: help

text: us

text: to

text: accelerate

text: infrastructural

text: development

text: and

text: fill

text: the

text: budget

text: gap

text: Jagdeo

text: said

text: in

text: an

text: August

text: speech

text: The

text: World

text: Bank

text: and

text: partners

text: have

text: set

text: up

text: funds

text: to

text: help

text: developing

text: countries

text: prepare

text: for

text: REDD

text: and

text: finance

text: forest

text: protection

text: initiatives

text: However

text: both

text: funds

text: are

text: not

text: fully

text: capitalized

text: pending

text: the

text: successful

text: conclusion

text: of

text: negotiations

text: on

text: the

text: new

text: global

text: climate

text: change

text: treaty

text: Right

text: now

text: everybody

text: is

text: in

text: a

text: wait

text: and

text: see

text: mode

text: said

text: Benoit

text: Bosquet

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: 's

text: lead

text: carbon

text: finance

text: specialist

text: Everybody

text: seems

text: interested

text: but

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: activity

text: is

text: still

text: humble

text: Conservationists

text: cite

text: the

text: environmental

text: benefits

text: of

text: saving

text: tropical

text: forests

text: which

text: provide

text: essential

text: resources

text: and

text: services

text: such

text: as

text: fresh

text: water

text: food

text: flood

text: control

text: and

text: many

text: others

text: on

text: which

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: billion

text: people

text: depend

text: Now

text: they

text: say

text: conserving

text: forests

text: also

text: can

text: contribute

text: to

text: sustainable

text: development

text: benefiting

text: both

text: nature

text: and

text: people

text: Yet

text: several

text: steps

text: remain

text: before

text: the

text: tropical

text: forest

text: provision

text: becomes

text: reality

text: on

text: a

text: large

text: scale

text: First

text: the

text: U.N

text: led

text: negotiations

text: must

text: agree

text: on

text: a

text: treaty

text: to

text: succeed

text: the

text: Kyoto

text: Protocol

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: global

text: climate

text: change

text: agreement

text: which

text: expires

text: in

text: The

text: Kyoto

text: treaty

text: created

text: a

text: global

text: carbon

text: market

text: but

text: only

text: the

text: carbon

text: storage

text: of

text: newly

text: planted

text: or

text: replanted

text: forests

text: is

text: eligible

text: for

text: credits

text: REDD

text: also

text: would

text: protect

text: standing

text: forests

text: to

text: prevent

text: the

text: absorbed

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: stocks

text: from

text: being

text: released

text: back

text: into

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: Whether

text: a

text: new

text: treaty

text: will

text: be

text: completed

text: in

text: December

text: is

text: unclear

text: Negotiators

text: have

text: yet

text: to

text: set

text: consensus

text: targets

text: for

text: reducing

text: greenhouse

text: gas

text: emissions

text: and

text: major

text: disputes

text: remain

text: between

text: industrialized

text: powers

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: emerging

text: and

text: developing

text: economies

text: including

text: China

text: and

text: Brazil

text: The

text: draft

text: under

text: negotiation

text: includes

text: REDD

text: but

text: negotiations

text: continue

text: on

text: how

text: broad

text: the

text: policy

text: would

text: be

text: Advocates

text: of

text: a

text: limited

text: scope

text: for

text: REDD

text: say

text: areas

text: with

text: no

text: history

text: of

text: deforestation

text: should

text: be

text: excluded

text: because

text: protecting

text: them

text: wo

text: n't

text: reduce

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: emissions

text: In

text: response

text: conservationists

text: and

text: developing

text: nations

text: warn

text: against

text: leaving

text: out

text: nations

text: and

text: regions

text: including

text: Jagdeo

text: 's

text: Guyana

text: parts

text: of

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: Brazil

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Congo

text: and

text: others

text: that

text: still

text: have

text: much

text: of

text: their

text: tropical

text: forest

text: intact

text: They

text: argue

text: that

text: halting

text: deforestation

text: in

text: only

text: some

text: countries

text: would

text: cause

text: the

text: loggers

text: palm

text: oil

text: developers

text: and

text: other

text: drivers

text: of

text: forest

text: destruction

text: to

text: move

text: to

text: previously

text: untargeted

text: areas

text: If

text: REDD

text: mechanisms

text: exclude

text: any

text: significant

text: group

text: of

text: countries

text: REDD

text: will

text: fail

text: Jagdeo

text: told

text: U.N.

text: negotiators

text: in

text: December

text: Critics

text: including

text: some

text: environmental

text: groups

text: question

text: how

text: such

text: a

text: vast

text: and

text: complex

text: system

text: can

text: be

text: successfully

text: implemented

text: A

text: Greenpeace

text: report

text: issued

text: in

text: March

text: said

text: including

text: REDD

text: credits

text: in

text: carbon

text: markets

text: would

text: create

text: a

text: glut

text: and

text: drastically

text: cut

text: the

text: price

text: of

text: carbon

text: resulting

text: in

text: industrial

text: polluters

text: buying

text: cheap

text: credits

text: for

text: offsets

text: instead

text: of

text: reducing

text: their

text: emissions

text: The

text: report

text: also

text: warned

text: of

text: reduced

text: investments

text: in

text: renewable

text: energy

text: technologies

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: an

text: incentive

text: from

text: the

text: cheaper

text: carbon

text: credits

text: Others

text: question

text: whether

text: REDD

text: will

text: be

text: another

text: scheme

text: generated

text: by

text: industrialized

text: nations

text: to

text: exploit

text: resources

text: of

text: the

text: developing

text: world

text: and

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: indigenous

text: forest

text: peoples

text: Jagdeo

text: the

text: president

text: of

text: Guyana

text: has

text: said

text: such

text: critics

text: should

text: recognize

text: the

text: opportunity

text: that

text: a

text: new

text: climate

text: change

text: treaty

text: could

text: present

text: If

text: it

text: includes

text: sufficiently

text: robust

text: commitments

text: for

text: reducing

text: greenhouse

text: gas

text: emissions

text: he

text: argues

text: that

text: would

text: create

text: a

text: strong

text: demand

text: for

text: carbon

text: credits

text: The

text: deforestation

text: provision

text: of

text: a

text: climate

text: change

text: treaty

text: could

text: help

text: stem

text: deforestation

text: while

text: providing

text: badly

text: needed

text: capital

text: flows

text: to

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: poorest

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: he

text: said

text: Yet

text: even

text: the

text: idea

text: 's

text: most

text: ardent

text: supporters

text: recognize

text: that

text: it

text: could

text: take

text: years

text: for

text: a

text: global

text: scale

text: program

text: to

text: become

text: effective

text: While

text: local

text: projects

text: exist

text: in

text: rain

text: forest

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Madagascar

text: it

text: would

text: take

text: time

text: and

text: money

text: to

text: expand

text: them

text: If

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: deal

text: in

text: Copenhagen

text: and

text: if

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: signaling

text: by

text: industrialized

text: nations

text: that

text: yes

text: they

text: will

text: make

text: money

text: available

text: then

text: you

text: will

text: see

text: developing

text: countries

text: scaling

text: up

text: their

text: readiness

text: said

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: 's

text: Bosquet

text: They

text: will

text: see

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: now

text: real

text: and

text: it

text: 's

text: the

text: time

text: to

text: react

question: What are they trying to reduce?

answer: carbon dioxide

text: carbon dioxide

question: Where have world leaders  gathered

answer: United Nations

text: United Nations

question: What dot he world leaders gather for?

answer: special climate change summit,

text: special climate change summit,

question: what Deforestation and Degradation provision has critics?

answer: Reduced Emissions from

text: Reduced Emissions from

question: What is the treaty based on

answer: Global climate change

text: Global climate change

question: What are they saying is destroying the tropical forests?

answer: logging, mining or farming

text: logging, mining or farming


text:
Editor's note: Fareed Zakaria is a foreign affairs analyst who hosts "Fareed Zakaria: GPS" on CNN at 1  and 6 p.m. ET Sundays.

"Banks are still reporting large losses, credit remains tight, home prices continue to fall," notes Fareed Zakaria.

NEW YORK (CNN) -- President Barack Obama offered more detail on his plan to restore economic growth Friday, saying the economic stimulus program being debated in Congress is just one of at least three parts to his recovery plan.

In a meeting to discuss the stimulus proposal with Vice President Joe Biden and Democratic and Republican congressional leadership, Obama said America also needs an improved financial system stability program as well as an overhaul of financial market regulation.

CNN talked to world affairs expert and author Fareed Zakaria to get his thoughts about the most pressing issues facing the new president.  CNN: What should be  President Obama's first order of business?  Zakaria: Oh, without question, the economy. This is a problem that isn't going away. Banks are still reporting large losses, credit remains tight, home prices continue to fall.

It's difficult to tell whether the measures enacted have not had time to work, or that they are not working. But the basic reality remains -- the financial system is in crisis, and as a result, the American economy is in a dangerous paralysis. President Obama needs to focus like a laser beam on this issue above and beyond everything else.

CNN: Does that mean foreign policy takes a back seat?

Zakaria: Not a back seat, but if I were advising him, I would suggest that he save his presidential time, energy and political capital for the economy. He will probably need to go to Congress soon and ask for more money and more authority.

Now, having said all this, the trouble with foreign policy is that it doesn't wait around for you until the time is convenient. Things happen and you have to react to them -- like the violence in Gaza. That's probably why the president called the foreign leaders he did on his first day -- [Palestinian President Mahmoud] Abbas [Israeli Prime Minister Ehud] Olmert, [Saudi] King Abdullah and [Egyptian President Hosni] Mubarak. He had to make sure that the situation didn't spiral downward.

CNN: What's the first major foreign policy problem President Obama should address?

Zakaria: Afghanistan. This is his war; the one he said was the right war. And it isn't going well. The Taliban is gaining strength and the central government is losing power and legitimacy.

CNN: The Taliban is back? I thought we defeated them.

Zakaria: The Taliban was not defeated: They retreated. They retreated into the rural areas of Pakistan. If you remember, the Taliban was born in Pakistan and supported by the Pakistani military as a tool to destabilize Soviet-controlled Afghanistan and India.

Since they retreated, they have been able to slowly reassert their influence. Rory Stewart, who was just in Afghanistan, is on our show this week and he mentions that in the past, the Taliban only had a presence in southern Afghanistan. But they now can be found in Kabul. The fact they have such a presence in the capital, an area we considered secure, is very troubling.

CNN: Why are they experiencing this support within the country?

Zakaria: There are many reasons. But you have to remember, this is still a very poor country that is very fragmented. Security and the rule of law are missing and the Taliban provides it.

Barney Rubin remarked that the first thing the Taliban creates when they go into an area is courts. It may not be the type of justice we would like; but for the Afghans it's better than the corrupt system that exists.

Also, we shouldn't assume our image of the Taliban is correct. It is a very dynamic organization and changes. We may need to find a way to negotiate with them.

CNN: Negotiate with the group that harbored al Qaeda?

Zakaria: It may be a political necessity. Rory Stewart said, "It's not 'what ought we do,' but 'what can we do.'" He argues that at some point, the reality of troops and money will force us to revaluate our goals and we should start that process now.

And there are many other crises America must deal with -- Iraq, Pakistan, sub-Saharan Africa, Iran -- so we can't be obsessed with Afghanistan.

Barney Rubin added: The question is, whether we can separate the terrorist al Qaeda connections from the political issues of the Taliban.

If that can occur, then it may be possible to find a solution in Afghanistan as [Gen. David] Petraeus helped broker in Iraq. We'll have to wait and see what Gen. Petraeus advises the president and what he decides to do. Done in [the president's] spare time, when he's not handling the economy.

[Barnett Rubin is one of the nation's foremost experts on Afghanistan and Pakistan and the author of eight books. Rory Stewart, who lives in Kabul, has traveled extensively in Afghanistan and Iraq and written books about his experiences.]

text: Editor

text: 's

text: note

text: Fareed

text: Zakaria

text: is

text: a

text: foreign

text: affairs

text: analyst

text: who

text: hosts

text: Fareed

text: Zakaria

text: GPS

text: on

text: CNN

text: at

text: and

text: p.m.

text: ET

text: Sundays

text: Banks

text: are

text: still

text: reporting

text: large

text: losses

text: credit

text: remains

text: tight

text: home

text: prices

text: continue

text: to

text: fall

text: notes

text: Fareed

text: Zakaria

text: NEW

text: YORK

text: CNN

text: President

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: offered

text: more

text: detail

text: on

text: his

text: plan

text: to

text: restore

text: economic

text: growth

text: Friday

text: saying

text: the

text: economic

text: stimulus

text: program

text: being

text: debated

text: in

text: Congress

text: is

text: just

text: one

text: of

text: at

text: least

text: three

text: parts

text: to

text: his

text: recovery

text: plan

text: In

text: a

text: meeting

text: to

text: discuss

text: the

text: stimulus

text: proposal

text: with

text: Vice

text: President

text: Joe

text: Biden

text: and

text: Democratic

text: and

text: Republican

text: congressional

text: leadership

text: Obama

text: said

text: America

text: also

text: needs

text: an

text: improved

text: financial

text: system

text: stability

text: program

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: an

text: overhaul

text: of

text: financial

text: market

text: regulation

text: CNN

text: talked

text: to

text: world

text: affairs

text: expert

text: and

text: author

text: Fareed

text: Zakaria

text: to

text: get

text: his

text: thoughts

text: about

text: the

text: most

text: pressing

text: issues

text: facing

text: the

text: new

text: president

text: CNN

text: What

text: should

text: be

text: President

text: Obama

text: 's

text: first

text: order

text: of

text: business

text: Zakaria

text: Oh

text: without

text: question

text: the

text: economy

text: This

text: is

text: a

text: problem

text: that

text: is

text: n't

text: going

text: away

text: Banks

text: are

text: still

text: reporting

text: large

text: losses

text: credit

text: remains

text: tight

text: home

text: prices

text: continue

text: to

text: fall

text: It

text: 's

text: difficult

text: to

text: tell

text: whether

text: the

text: measures

text: enacted

text: have

text: not

text: had

text: time

text: to

text: work

text: or

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: working

text: But

text: the

text: basic

text: reality

text: remains

text: the

text: financial

text: system

text: is

text: in

text: crisis

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: American

text: economy

text: is

text: in

text: a

text: dangerous

text: paralysis

text: President

text: Obama

text: needs

text: to

text: focus

text: like

text: a

text: laser

text: beam

text: on

text: this

text: issue

text: above

text: and

text: beyond

text: everything

text: else

text: CNN

text: Does

text: that

text: mean

text: foreign

text: policy

text: takes

text: a

text: back

text: seat

text: Zakaria

text: Not

text: a

text: back

text: seat

text: but

text: if

text: I

text: were

text: advising

text: him

text: I

text: would

text: suggest

text: that

text: he

text: save

text: his

text: presidential

text: time

text: energy

text: and

text: political

text: capital

text: for

text: the

text: economy

text: He

text: will

text: probably

text: need

text: to

text: go

text: to

text: Congress

text: soon

text: and

text: ask

text: for

text: more

text: money

text: and

text: more

text: authority

text: Now

text: having

text: said

text: all

text: this

text: the

text: trouble

text: with

text: foreign

text: policy

text: is

text: that

text: it

text: does

text: n't

text: wait

text: around

text: for

text: you

text: until

text: the

text: time

text: is

text: convenient

text: Things

text: happen

text: and

text: you

text: have

text: to

text: react

text: to

text: them

text: like

text: the

text: violence

text: in

text: Gaza

text: That

text: 's

text: probably

text: why

text: the

text: president

text: called

text: the

text: foreign

text: leaders

text: he

text: did

text: on

text: his

text: first

text: day

text: Palestinian

text: President

text: Mahmoud

text: Abbas

text: Israeli

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Ehud

text: Olmert

text: Saudi

text: King

text: Abdullah

text: and

text: Egyptian

text: President

text: Hosni

text: Mubarak

text: He

text: had

text: to

text: make

text: sure

text: that

text: the

text: situation

text: did

text: n't

text: spiral

text: downward

text: CNN

text: What

text: 's

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: foreign

text: policy

text: problem

text: President

text: Obama

text: should

text: address

text: Zakaria

text: Afghanistan

text: This

text: is

text: his

text: war

text: the

text: one

text: he

text: said

text: was

text: the

text: right

text: war

text: And

text: it

text: is

text: n't

text: going

text: well

text: The

text: Taliban

text: is

text: gaining

text: strength

text: and

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: is

text: losing

text: power

text: and

text: legitimacy

text: CNN

text: The

text: Taliban

text: is

text: back

text: I

text: thought

text: we

text: defeated

text: them

text: Zakaria

text: The

text: Taliban

text: was

text: not

text: defeated

text: They

text: retreated

text: They

text: retreated

text: into

text: the

text: rural

text: areas

text: of

text: Pakistan

text: If

text: you

text: remember

text: the

text: Taliban

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: Pakistani

text: military

text: as

text: a

text: tool

text: to

text: destabilize

text: Soviet

text: controlled

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: India

text: Since

text: they

text: retreated

text: they

text: have

text: been

text: able

text: to

text: slowly

text: reassert

text: their

text: influence

text: Rory

text: Stewart

text: who

text: was

text: just

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: is

text: on

text: our

text: show

text: this

text: week

text: and

text: he

text: mentions

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: the

text: Taliban

text: only

text: had

text: a

text: presence

text: in

text: southern

text: Afghanistan

text: But

text: they

text: now

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: Kabul

text: The

text: fact

text: they

text: have

text: such

text: a

text: presence

text: in

text: the

text: capital

text: an

text: area

text: we

text: considered

text: secure

text: is

text: very

text: troubling

text: CNN

text: Why

text: are

text: they

text: experiencing

text: this

text: support

text: within

text: the

text: country

text: Zakaria

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: reasons

text: But

text: you

text: have

text: to

text: remember

text: this

text: is

text: still

text: a

text: very

text: poor

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: very

text: fragmented

text: Security

text: and

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: are

text: missing

text: and

text: the

text: Taliban

text: provides

text: it

text: Barney

text: Rubin

text: remarked

text: that

text: the

text: first

text: thing

text: the

text: Taliban

text: creates

text: when

text: they

text: go

text: into

text: an

text: area

text: is

text: courts

text: It

text: may

text: not

text: be

text: the

text: type

text: of

text: justice

text: we

text: would

text: like

text: but

text: for

text: the

text: Afghans

text: it

text: 's

text: better

text: than

text: the

text: corrupt

text: system

text: that

text: exists

text: Also

text: we

text: should

text: n't

text: assume

text: our

text: image

text: of

text: the

text: Taliban

text: is

text: correct

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: very

text: dynamic

text: organization

text: and

text: changes

text: We

text: may

text: need

text: to

text: find

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: negotiate

text: with

text: them

text: CNN

text: Negotiate

text: with

text: the

text: group

text: that

text: harbored

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: Zakaria

text: It

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: political

text: necessity

text: Rory

text: Stewart

text: said

text: It

text: 's

text: not

text: what

text: ought

text: we

text: do

text: but

text: what

text: can

text: we

text: do

text: He

text: argues

text: that

text: at

text: some

text: point

text: the

text: reality

text: of

text: troops

text: and

text: money

text: will

text: force

text: us

text: to

text: revaluate

text: our

text: goals

text: and

text: we

text: should

text: start

text: that

text: process

text: now

text: And

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: other

text: crises

text: America

text: must

text: deal

text: with

text: Iraq

text: Pakistan

text: sub

text: Saharan

text: Africa

text: Iran

text: so

text: we

text: ca

text: n't

text: be

text: obsessed

text: with

text: Afghanistan

text: Barney

text: Rubin

text: added

text: The

text: question

text: is

text: whether

text: we

text: can

text: separate

text: the

text: terrorist

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: connections

text: from

text: the

text: political

text: issues

text: of

text: the

text: Taliban

text: If

text: that

text: can

text: occur

text: then

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: possible

text: to

text: find

text: a

text: solution

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: as

text: Gen.

text: David

text: Petraeus

text: helped

text: broker

text: in

text: Iraq

text: We

text: 'll

text: have

text: to

text: wait

text: and

text: see

text: what

text: Gen.

text: Petraeus

text: advises

text: the

text: president

text: and

text: what

text: he

text: decides

text: to

text: do

text: Done

text: in

text: the

text: president

text: 's

text: spare

text: time

text: when

text: he

text: 's

text: not

text: handling

text: the

text: economy

text: Barnett

text: Rubin

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: foremost

text: experts

text: on

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: the

text: author

text: of

text: eight

text: books

text: Rory

text: Stewart

text: who

text: lives

text: in

text: Kabul

text: has

text: traveled

text: extensively

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Iraq

text: and

text: written

text: books

text: about

text: his

text: experiences

question: What is the top foreign policy program?

answer: Afghanistan.

text: Afghanistan.

question: What is mentioned as being in "dangerous paralysis"?

answer: financial system is in crisis,

text: financial system is in crisis,

question: What is the top foreign policy problem Obama should address?

answer: Afghanistan.

text: Afghanistan.

question: What is called the president's top foreign policy problem?

answer: Afghanistan.

text: Afghanistan.

question: What did Zakaria say about the economy?

answer: that isn't going away.

text: that isn't going away.

question: What is the top foreign policy problem?

answer: Afghanistan.

text: Afghanistan.

question: What American leader is mentioned?

answer: President Barack Obama

text: President Barack Obama

question: What should Obama save time and energy for?

answer: the economy.

text: the economy.

question: What did Zakaria say?

answer: "Banks are still reporting large losses, credit remains tight, home prices continue to fall,"

text: "Banks are still reporting large losses, credit remains tight, home prices continue to fall,"

question: What was the US economy in?

answer: is in a dangerous paralysis.

text: is in a dangerous paralysis.