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It was hard to miss the bright yellow Student Driver bumper sticker on the back of the car driven by Tosha Mulligan.

Tosha Mullgian, 19, has attention deficit disorder. She says her mind wanders when she drives.

Getting a driver's license is a rite of passage for many teenagers, but the process was a bit more challenging for 19-year-old Mulligan of Acworth, Georgia. She has attention deficit disorder.

When she gets behind the wheel, she said, "Sometimes my mind wanders off."

She's not alone. Researchers reported driving can be a serious problem for teens with ADD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Motor vehicle accidents already are the leading cause of death among teenagers in the U.S., according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Experts such as Russell Barkley say ADD and ADHD compound the problem.

Barkley, a psychiatry professor at the Medical University of South Carolina, is a widely recognized expert on ADD and driving. He has investigated the topic for 15 years and conducted a half-dozen studies, some of which have been published in peer-reviewed journals.

Teen drivers with ADD or ADHD "are impulsive, highly distractible and clumsy, can't pay attention to the roadway and they get bored easily," he said.  Health Minute: More on teens driving with ADD/ADHD Â»

Mulligan's driving instructor, Jerry Thielemann of Freedom and Mobility Driver Training and Evaluation in Marietta, Georgia, experienced that firsthand. He works with teenagers with ADD three to four times a week.

"A person with ADD pays attention to someone walking down the street rather than a car coming toward them," Mulligan said. "They don't know what to focus on."

Barkley sees speeding as a key problem. "In general, people with ADHD speed four times more often than those without ADHD," he said.

His research shows that those with ADD or ADHD are two to three times more likely to have an auto accident, three times more likely in the first five to eight years of driving to have their licenses revoked and five times more likely to get a parking ticket.

In all three instances, Barkley pointed to the impatient and impulsive nature that is common among people with ADD or ADHD.

Chris Zeigler Dendy, author of "Teenagers with ADD and ADHD," raised a son and a stepson with the condition.

"We were worried sick about our kids when they started driving because both had ADHD," Dendy recalled. "They both started getting speeding tickets and having car wrecks. One of them even had his license suspended."

That was nearly 20 years ago. Today, Dendy said, she understands what was behind their troubles.

"I think the good news is that parents today are so much better informed than we were, plus laws have tightened up so you get one ticket or step out of line and your license is gone," she said.

Dendy credited proper medication with helping get her sons back on track.

"Research tells us that with medication they are more likely to pay attention to road signs and less likely to have road rage," Dendy explained.

She worried about parents who may not be as vigilant when it comes to monitoring their teen's driving behavior, especially during high-risk times.

"One is after school from 3 to 6 and the other is on weekend evenings," she said.

She mentioned those are often the hours when medication starts to wear off or when teens may be more likely to skip a dosage.

Barkley acknowledged the parents who decline to medicate their children who have ADD or ADHD, but he believes "Medication is more effective than any other treatment."

Barkley also cautioned that people with ADD are more sensitive to the effects of alcohol and are unable to drive safely after drinking.

He told teens to put away their cell phones, MP3 players and other items that might distract them while driving.

Barkley suggested parents closely monitor their teenagers and provide sign-in and sign-out sheets in the garage to track their whereabouts.

Dendy eventually drew up a contract with her children, spelling out specific rules and expectations for driving the family car.

Dendy and Barkley both recommended that teenagers with ADD or ADHD stay in a learner's permit program longer, at least a year, and put off getting their license until they have more experience behind the wheel.

That's what Tosha Mulligan did. She finished her last driving lesson the day before she left for her freshman year in college. She passed her driver's test on the first try and got her license.

She said waiting to get her license made a big difference. She said "It kept me focused." She reported no wrecks, no tickets and no problems so far.

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text: in

text: the

text: garage

text: to

text: track

text: their

text: whereabouts

text: Dendy

text: eventually

text: drew

text: up

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text: contract

text: with

text: her

text: children

text: spelling

text: out

text: specific

text: rules

text: and

text: expectations

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text: the

text: family

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text: recommended

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text: wheel

text: That

text: 's

text: what

text: Tosha

text: Mulligan

text: did

text: She

text: finished

text: her

text: last

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text: lesson

text: the

text: day

text: before

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text: left

text: for

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text: year

text: in

text: college

text: She

text: passed

text: her

text: driver

text: 's

text: test

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: try

text: and

text: got

text: her

text: license

text: She

text: said

text: waiting

text: to

text: get

text: her

text: license

text: made

text: a

text: big

text: difference

text: She

text: said

text: It

text: kept

text: me

text: focused

text: She

text: reported

text: no

text: wrecks

text: no

text: tickets

text: and

text: no

text: problems

text: so

text: far

question: Who is sensitive to the effects of alcohol?

answer: people with ADD

text: people with ADD

question: Who has a greater tendency to speed?

answer: people with ADHD

text: people with ADHD

question: What teens should stay in a learner's permit program longer?

answer: teenagers with ADD or ADHD

text: teenagers with ADD or ADHD

question: Who speeds more?

answer: people with ADHD

text: people with ADHD

question: People with ADD are more sensitive to what?

answer: the effects of alcohol

text: the effects of alcohol

question: What two disorders compound the problem of teen car accident deaths?

answer: ADD and ADHD

text: ADD and ADHD


text:
(RealSimple.com) -- Why shoes are called "pumps" and other strange-but-true stories behind the clothes and accessories you know and love.

So, how did the trend for pointed-toe shoes start?

Manolo who? Long before they ever made an appearance on the TV show "Sex and the City," pointed shoes were favored by Polish nobles, who introduced the fashion to England on a diplomatic visit in the 1300s.

The shoes, dubbed "crackowes" or "poulaines" -- after KrakÃ³w, Poland -- were so long that a chain running from the toe to the knee was often required to keep them from dragging.

In 1363 the English attempted to rein in the look by law, assigning shoe spans to social classes. Commoners could sport footwear with toes of up to six inches, while those in the royal ranks were allowed a full two feet in length.

Who invented the sports bra?

In 1977 University of Vermont student Lisa Lindahl was running 30 miles a week -- and her bra wasn't holding up. With the help of two classmates, Lindahl sewed together two jock straps and -- presto! -- the sports bra was born.

The coeds founded the company Jogbra a year later, garnering eternal gratitude from exercise-loving women everywhere. Almost 40,000 sports bras are now sold annually. Real Simple: Best bras for every figure

Is there a real Mary Jane behind Mary Jane shoes?

Not quite: The most widely held theory is that the single-strapped footwear was named for a character in "Buster Brown," a children's comic strip that was popular in the early 1900s. Mary Jane was either Buster Brown's sweetheart or sister, depending on which source you consult.

What's the connection between Shakespeare and raincoats?

Gabardine, a water-repellent fabric invented by Burberry, got its first mention from Shakespeare. The Bard used the word in The Merchant of Venice to refer to a coarse cloak worn as protection from storms.

During World War I, British officers on the front lines kept warm and dry in a uniform coat made of the material -- the original Burberry trench.

Who was the first person known to have pierced ears?

No one knows who originated the style, but there's evidence that as early as 2500 B.C. Sumerian women wore pierced earrings -- gold half-moon hoops.

And guys tired of defending their diamond studs can rest easy: Men have been wearing earrings since ancient Egypt, where the jewelry was introduced in 1500 B.C. Real Simple: Best way to clean jewelry

What was the inspiration for Lilly Pulitzer's colorful printed dresses?

Bored Palm Beach socialite Lilly Pulitzer opened a juice stand in 1959 to pass the time, but she found one drawback: The citrus concoctions discolored her clothes.

She instructed her dressmaker to create a uniform that would camouflage the bright stains, and the "Lilly" design -- sleeveless cotton shifts in vibrant prints -- was born. The style was an instant hit with customers, who soon began placing more orders for dresses than juice.

How did pumps, stilettos, and sneakers get their names?

The term pump first popped up in 1550 in England, where male servants sported the style. It is said that the noise they made while wearing the loose-fitting shoes resembled the sound of a water pump.

The word sneaker entered the language in the 1870s; the rubber soles made the shoes quiet and therefore "sneaky."

The modern usage of stiletto, a Renaissance-era Italian word for an assassin's narrow-bladed knife, made its debut in 1953. The word turned out to be especially appropriate, because the shoes' pointy heels were murder on wooden floors.

When did folks start toting around umbrellas?

For thousands of years, in such places as Egypt, China, Japan, Mesopotamia, and India, umbrellas were used exclusively to shade the heads of dignitaries from the broiling sun. (When it rained, the well-to-do stayed dry in covered carriages and sedan chairs.)

Umbrellas weren't employed in inclement weather until the late 17th and early 18th centuries. And another hundred years passed before advances in manufacturing made them lightweight, portable, and available to average Joes.

Have bikinis always been so popular?

Hardly! Named for the nuclear-testing site Bikini Atoll, the suits first appeared in 1946, but American women thought them immodest. Not until the 1960s were they accepted, possibly helped by the hit song "Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini."

Were French cuffs really created for the battlefield?

It is said that the cuffs were designed to be used as handkerchiefs in combat. But, in fact, French royalty invented the style in the 1500s, when flowing sleeves were the rage; nobles would tie their sleeves back with fasteners.

Amusingly, the competitive English tried to take credit for the fashion, which to this day they refer to only as "double cuffs."

Have women always carried purses?

Once upon a time, ladies stored their essentials in a little waist sack tied under their clothing (sort of an early ancestor of the fanny pack) and accessible through slits in their skirts.

Around 1800, thinner, silkier fabrics and slimmer cuts came into vogue, and women could no longer hide the bulging sacks around their midsections. The solution? They began carrying their belongings in small pocketbooks instead.

Why is underwear nicknamed "drawers"?

In the 16th century, drawers became a common term for both men's and women's underpants. Made of linen, the items were no-frills and looked more or less interchangeable (this being well before Victoria ever had a secret; decorative lace trim started appearing on the garments only in the middle of the 19th century).

Most likely, underwear earned this distinctly unsexy epithet because it describes the way that people put on their unmentionables -- drawing them up and over the lower part of the body. Real Simple: Get your lingerie in order  E-mail to a friend

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text: The

text: Merchant

text: of

text: Venice

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: a

text: coarse

text: cloak

text: worn

text: as

text: protection

text: from

text: storms

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: British

text: officers

text: on

text: the

text: front

text: lines

text: kept

text: warm

text: and

text: dry

text: in

text: a

text: uniform

text: coat

text: made

text: of

text: the

text: material

text: the

text: original

text: Burberry

text: trench

text: Who

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: person

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: pierced

text: ears

text: No

text: one

text: knows

text: who

text: originated

text: the

text: style

text: but

text: there

text: 's

text: evidence

text: that

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: B.C.

text: Sumerian

text: women

text: wore

text: pierced

text: earrings

text: gold

text: half

text: moon

text: hoops

text: And

text: guys

text: tired

text: of

text: defending

text: their

text: diamond

text: studs

text: can

text: rest

text: easy

text: Men

text: have

text: been

text: wearing

text: earrings

text: since

text: ancient

text: Egypt

text: where

text: the

text: jewelry

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: B.C.

text: Real

text: Simple

text: Best

text: way

text: to

text: clean

text: jewelry

text: What

text: was

text: the

text: inspiration

text: for

text: Lilly

text: Pulitzer

text: 's

text: colorful

text: printed

text: dresses

text: Bored

text: Palm

text: Beach

text: socialite

text: Lilly

text: Pulitzer

text: opened

text: a

text: juice

text: stand

text: in

text: to

text: pass

text: the

text: time

text: but

text: she

text: found

text: one

text: drawback

text: The

text: citrus

text: concoctions

text: discolored

text: her

text: clothes

text: She

text: instructed

text: her

text: dressmaker

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: uniform

text: that

text: would

text: camouflage

text: the

text: bright

text: stains

text: and

text: the

text: Lilly

text: design

text: sleeveless

text: cotton

text: shifts

text: in

text: vibrant

text: prints

text: was

text: born

text: The

text: style

text: was

text: an

text: instant

text: hit

text: with

text: customers

text: who

text: soon

text: began

text: placing

text: more

text: orders

text: for

text: dresses

text: than

text: juice

text: How

text: did

text: pumps

text: stilettos

text: and

text: sneakers

text: get

text: their

text: names

text: The

text: term

text: pump

text: first

text: popped

text: up

text: in

text: in

text: England

text: where

text: male

text: servants

text: sported

text: the

text: style

text: It

text: is

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: noise

text: they

text: made

text: while

text: wearing

text: the

text: loose

text: fitting

text: shoes

text: resembled

text: the

text: sound

text: of

text: a

text: water

text: pump

text: The

text: word

text: sneaker

text: entered

text: the

text: language

text: in

text: the

text: the

text: rubber

text: soles

text: made

text: the

text: shoes

text: quiet

text: and

text: therefore

text: sneaky

text: The

text: modern

text: usage

text: of

text: stiletto

text: a

text: Renaissance

text: era

text: Italian

text: word

text: for

text: an

text: assassin

text: 's

text: narrow

text: bladed

text: knife

text: made

text: its

text: debut

text: in

text: The

text: word

text: turned

text: out

text: to

text: be

text: especially

text: appropriate

text: because

text: the

text: shoes

text: pointy

text: heels

text: were

text: murder

text: on

text: wooden

text: floors

text: When

text: did

text: folks

text: start

text: toting

text: around

text: umbrellas

text: For

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

text: in

text: such

text: places

text: as

text: Egypt

text: China

text: Japan

text: Mesopotamia

text: and

text: India

text: umbrellas

text: were

text: used

text: exclusively

text: to

text: shade

text: the

text: heads

text: of

text: dignitaries

text: from

text: the

text: broiling

text: sun

text: When

text: it

text: rained

text: the

text: well

text: to

text: do

text: stayed

text: dry

text: in

text: covered

text: carriages

text: and

text: sedan

text: chairs

text: Umbrellas

text: were

text: n't

text: employed

text: in

text: inclement

text: weather

text: until

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: And

text: another

text: hundred

text: years

text: passed

text: before

text: advances

text: in

text: manufacturing

text: made

text: them

text: lightweight

text: portable

text: and

text: available

text: to

text: average

text: Joes

text: Have

text: bikinis

text: always

text: been

text: so

text: popular

text: Hardly

text: Named

text: for

text: the

text: nuclear

text: testing

text: site

text: Bikini

text: Atoll

text: the

text: suits

text: first

text: appeared

text: in

text: but

text: American

text: women

text: thought

text: them

text: immodest

text: Not

text: until

text: the

text: were

text: they

text: accepted

text: possibly

text: helped

text: by

text: the

text: hit

text: song

text: Itsy

text: Bitsy

text: Teenie

text: Weenie

text: Yellow

text: Polka

text: Dot

text: Bikini

text: Were

text: French

text: cuffs

text: really

text: created

text: for

text: the

text: battlefield

text: It

text: is

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: cuffs

text: were

text: designed

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: as

text: handkerchiefs

text: in

text: combat

text: But

text: in

text: fact

text: French

text: royalty

text: invented

text: the

text: style

text: in

text: the

text: when

text: flowing

text: sleeves

text: were

text: the

text: rage

text: nobles

text: would

text: tie

text: their

text: sleeves

text: back

text: with

text: fasteners

text: Amusingly

text: the

text: competitive

text: English

text: tried

text: to

text: take

text: credit

text: for

text: the

text: fashion

text: which

text: to

text: this

text: day

text: they

text: refer

text: to

text: only

text: as

text: double

text: cuffs

text: Have

text: women

text: always

text: carried

text: purses

text: Once

text: upon

text: a

text: time

text: ladies

text: stored

text: their

text: essentials

text: in

text: a

text: little

text: waist

text: sack

text: tied

text: under

text: their

text: clothing

text: sort

text: of

text: an

text: early

text: ancestor

text: of

text: the

text: fanny

text: pack

text: and

text: accessible

text: through

text: slits

text: in

text: their

text: skirts

text: Around

text: thinner

text: silkier

text: fabrics

text: and

text: slimmer

text: cuts

text: came

text: into

text: vogue

text: and

text: women

text: could

text: no

text: longer

text: hide

text: the

text: bulging

text: sacks

text: around

text: their

text: midsections

text: The

text: solution

text: They

text: began

text: carrying

text: their

text: belongings

text: in

text: small

text: pocketbooks

text: instead

text: Why

text: is

text: underwear

text: nicknamed

text: drawers

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: drawers

text: became

text: a

text: common

text: term

text: for

text: both

text: men

text: 's

text: and

text: women

text: 's

text: underpants

text: Made

text: of

text: linen

text: the

text: items

text: were

text: no

text: frills

text: and

text: looked

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: interchangeable

text: this

text: being

text: well

text: before

text: Victoria

text: ever

text: had

text: a

text: secret

text: decorative

text: lace

text: trim

text: started

text: appearing

text: on

text: the

text: garments

text: only

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Most

text: likely

text: underwear

text: earned

text: this

text: distinctly

text: unsexy

text: epithet

text: because

text: it

text: describes

text: the

text: way

text: that

text: people

text: put

text: on

text: their

text: unmentionables

text: drawing

text: them

text: up

text: and

text: over

text: the

text: lower

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: Real

text: Simple

text: Get

text: your

text: lingerie

text: in

text: order

text: E

text: mail

text: to

text: a

text: friend

text: Get

text: a

text: FREE

text: TRIAL

text: issue

text: of

text: Real

text: Simple

text: CLICK

text: HERE

question: What was the first sports bra?

answer: two jock straps

text: two jock straps

question: Who brought pointed shoes?

answer: Polish nobles,

text: Polish nobles,

question: In the 1500 did men wear earrings?

answer: since ancient Egypt, where the jewelry was introduced

text: since ancient Egypt, where the jewelry was introduced

question: Did men wear earrings in Egypt in the 1500's?

answer: since ancient

text: since ancient

question: When did pointed shows come to Britain?

answer: 1300s.

question: Who made the first sports bra and how?

answer: Lisa Lindahl

text: Lisa Lindahl

question: Did a woman invent the sports bra?

answer: Lisa Lindahl

text: Lisa Lindahl

question: A female runner created the first what?

answer: sports bra

text: sports bra

question: Who brought pointed shoes to britain

answer: Polish nobles,

text: Polish nobles,

question: In Britian where did the pointed shoes come from?

answer: Polish nobles,

text: Polish nobles,

question: What did men wear in Egypt in 1500s?

answer: earrings

text: earrings

question: When did the pointed shoes was brought?

answer: 1300s.


text:
(CNN)  -- A judge has ruled in favor of two Florida school administrators who faced contempt charges for saying a prayer at a school luncheon, according to a group that helped represent them.

Rep. Mike McIntyre is one of three members of the Congressional Prayer Caucus backing the school officials.

U.S. District Judge M.C. Rodgers ruled Thursday in favor of Frank Lay, principal of Pace High School in Pace, Florida, and school athletic director Robert Freeman, the Liberty Counsel said.

Lay and Freeman could have faced up to six months in prison and fines if convicted. They were accused of violating a consent decree banning county school employees from initiating prayers during school events.

Ahead of the court proceedings, hundreds of supporters lined the streets outside the federal courthouse in Pensacola, Florida. Many of them carried signs and some sang songs.

"It is ridiculous that these men even had to think twice about blessing a meal," Liberty Counsel founder Matthew Staver said in a written statement.

"To criminalize the prayer conflicts with our nation's founding and guiding principles and goes directly against our constitutionally protected rights."

But the American Civil Liberties Union, whose lawsuit led to the consent decree, has maintained students have a right to be free from administrators who foist their personal religious beliefs on them.

Still, an ACLU representative has said the organization "never suggested" people should go to jail for violating the decree, and the organization was not involved in the criminal proceedings.

The ACLU filed suit last year against the district on behalf of two Pace students who alleged that "school officials regularly promoted religion and led prayers at school events," according to an ACLU statement.

Lay was a party in the initial lawsuit, and his attorney was among those approving the consent decree, according to the organization. In addition, the court required that all district employees receive a copy.

But on January 28, "Lay asked Freeman to offer a prayer of blessing during a school-day luncheon for the dedication of a new field house at Pace High School," according to court documents.

"Freeman complied with the request and offered the prayer at the event. It appears this was a school-sponsored event attended by students, faculty and community members."

Attorneys from Liberty Counsel have said that attendees included booster club members and other adults who helped the field house project -- all "consenting adults."

The case caught the attention of members of the Congressional Prayer Caucus, including the caucus' founder, Rep. J. Randy Forbes, R-Virginia.

He and two other lawmakers, Rep. Mike McIntyre, D-North Carolina, and Rep. Jeff Miller, R-Florida, also members of the caucus, wrote a letter in support of the two school administrators, saying that "many of America's Founding Fathers were resolute in their faiths, and the impact of such is evident in the Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and many of their writings."

It added, "The tradition of offering prayer in America has become so interwoven into our nation's spiritual heritage that to charge someone criminally for engaging in such a practice would astonish the men who founded this country on religious liberty."

text: CNN

text: A

text: judge

text: has

text: ruled

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: two

text: Florida

text: school

text: administrators

text: who

text: faced

text: contempt

text: charges

text: for

text: saying

text: a

text: prayer

text: at

text: a

text: school

text: luncheon

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: group

text: that

text: helped

text: represent

text: them

text: Rep.

text: Mike

text: McIntyre

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Congressional

text: Prayer

text: Caucus

text: backing

text: the

text: school

text: officials

text: U.S.

text: District

text: Judge

text: M.C.

text: Rodgers

text: ruled

text: Thursday

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: Frank

text: Lay

text: principal

text: of

text: Pace

text: High

text: School

text: in

text: Pace

text: Florida

text: and

text: school

text: athletic

text: director

text: Robert

text: Freeman

text: the

text: Liberty

text: Counsel

text: said

text: Lay

text: and

text: Freeman

text: could

text: have

text: faced

text: up

text: to

text: six

text: months

text: in

text: prison

text: and

text: fines

text: if

text: convicted

text: They

text: were

text: accused

text: of

text: violating

text: a

text: consent

text: decree

text: banning

text: county

text: school

text: employees

text: from

text: initiating

text: prayers

text: during

text: school

text: events

text: Ahead

text: of

text: the

text: court

text: proceedings

text: hundreds

text: of

text: supporters

text: lined

text: the

text: streets

text: outside

text: the

text: federal

text: courthouse

text: in

text: Pensacola

text: Florida

text: Many

text: of

text: them

text: carried

text: signs

text: and

text: some

text: sang

text: songs

text: It

text: is

text: ridiculous

text: that

text: these

text: men

text: even

text: had

text: to

text: think

text: twice

text: about

text: blessing

text: a

text: meal

text: Liberty

text: Counsel

text: founder

text: Matthew

text: Staver

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: written

text: statement

text: To

text: criminalize

text: the

text: prayer

text: conflicts

text: with

text: our

text: nation

text: 's

text: founding

text: and

text: guiding

text: principles

text: and

text: goes

text: directly

text: against

text: our

text: constitutionally

text: protected

text: rights

text: But

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: Liberties

text: Union

text: whose

text: lawsuit

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: consent

text: decree

text: has

text: maintained

text: students

text: have

text: a

text: right

text: to

text: be

text: free

text: from

text: administrators

text: who

text: foist

text: their

text: personal

text: religious

text: beliefs

text: on

text: them

text: Still

text: an

text: ACLU

text: representative

text: has

text: said

text: the

text: organization

text: never

text: suggested

text: people

text: should

text: go

text: to

text: jail

text: for

text: violating

text: the

text: decree

text: and

text: the

text: organization

text: was

text: not

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: criminal

text: proceedings

text: The

text: ACLU

text: filed

text: suit

text: last

text: year

text: against

text: the

text: district

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: two

text: Pace

text: students

text: who

text: alleged

text: that

text: school

text: officials

text: regularly

text: promoted

text: religion

text: and

text: led

text: prayers

text: at

text: school

text: events

text: according

text: to

text: an

text: ACLU

text: statement

text: Lay

text: was

text: a

text: party

text: in

text: the

text: initial

text: lawsuit

text: and

text: his

text: attorney

text: was

text: among

text: those

text: approving

text: the

text: consent

text: decree

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: organization

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: court

text: required

text: that

text: all

text: district

text: employees

text: receive

text: a

text: copy

text: But

text: on

text: January

text: Lay

text: asked

text: Freeman

text: to

text: offer

text: a

text: prayer

text: of

text: blessing

text: during

text: a

text: school

text: day

text: luncheon

text: for

text: the

text: dedication

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: field

text: house

text: at

text: Pace

text: High

text: School

text: according

text: to

text: court

text: documents

text: Freeman

text: complied

text: with

text: the

text: request

text: and

text: offered

text: the

text: prayer

text: at

text: the

text: event

text: It

text: appears

text: this

text: was

text: a

text: school

text: sponsored

text: event

text: attended

text: by

text: students

text: faculty

text: and

text: community

text: members

text: Attorneys

text: from

text: Liberty

text: Counsel

text: have

text: said

text: that

text: attendees

text: included

text: booster

text: club

text: members

text: and

text: other

text: adults

text: who

text: helped

text: the

text: field

text: house

text: project

text: all

text: consenting

text: adults

text: The

text: case

text: caught

text: the

text: attention

text: of

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Congressional

text: Prayer

text: Caucus

text: including

text: the

text: caucus

text: founder

text: Rep.

text: J.

text: Randy

text: Forbes

text: R

text: Virginia

text: He

text: and

text: two

text: other

text: lawmakers

text: Rep.

text: Mike

text: McIntyre

text: D

text: North

text: Carolina

text: and

text: Rep.

text: Jeff

text: Miller

text: R

text: Florida

text: also

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: caucus

text: wrote

text: a

text: letter

text: in

text: support

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: school

text: administrators

text: saying

text: that

text: many

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: Founding

text: Fathers

text: were

text: resolute

text: in

text: their

text: faiths

text: and

text: the

text: impact

text: of

text: such

text: is

text: evident

text: in

text: the

text: Constitution

text: the

text: Declaration

text: of

text: Independence

text: and

text: many

text: of

text: their

text: writings

text: It

text: added

text: The

text: tradition

text: of

text: offering

text: prayer

text: in

text: America

text: has

text: become

text: so

text: interwoven

text: into

text: our

text: nation

text: 's

text: spiritual

text: heritage

text: that

text: to

text: charge

text: someone

text: criminally

text: for

text: engaging

text: in

text: such

text: a

text: practice

text: would

text: astonish

text: the

text: men

text: who

text: founded

text: this

text: country

text: on

text: religious

text: liberty

question: how much will be the sentence?

answer: six months in prison

text: six months in prison

question: What have they faced?

answer: contempt charges

text: contempt charges

question: What are they accused of?

answer: violating a consent decree banning county school employees from initiating prayers during school events.

text: violating a consent decree banning county school employees from initiating prayers during school events.

question: Who sued the district?

answer: American Civil Liberties Union,

text: American Civil Liberties Union,

question: How many administrator acussed?

answer: two

text: two

question: who are praying?

answer: two Florida school administrators

text: two Florida school administrators


text:
(CNN) -- NASA said Friday it had discovered water on the moon, opening "a new chapter" that could allow for the development of a lunar space station.

The discovery was announced by project scientist Anthony Colaprete at a midday news conference.

"I'm here today to tell you that indeed, yes, we found water. And we didn't find just a little bit; we found a significant amount" -- about a dozen, two-gallon bucketfuls, he said, holding up several white plastic containers.

The find is based on preliminary data collected when the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite, or LCROSS, intentionally crashed October 9 into the permanently shadowed region of Cabeus crater near the moon's south pole.

After the satellite struck, a rocket flew through the debris cloud, measuring the amount of water and providing a host of other data, Colaprete said.

The project team concentrated on data from the satellite's spectrometers, which provide the best information about the presence of water, Colaprete said. A spectrometer helps identify the composition of materials by examining light they emit or absorb.

Although the goal of the $79 million mission was to determine whether there is water on the moon, discoveries in other areas are expected as studies progress, Colaprete and other scientists said at the briefing at NASA's Ames Research Center at Moffett Field near San Francisco, California.

"The discovery opens a new chapter in our understanding of the moon," the space agency said in a written statement shortly after the briefing began.

Michael Wargo, chief lunar scientist at NASA headquarters in Washington, said the latest discovery also could unlock the mysteries of the solar system.

He listed several options as sources for the water, including solar winds, comets, giant molecular clouds or even the moon itself through some kind of internal activity. The Earth also may have a role, Wargo said.

"If the water that was formed or deposited is billions of years old, these polar cold traps could hold a key to the history and evolution of the solar system, much as an ice core sample taken on Earth reveals ancient data," NASA said in its statement.

"In addition, water and other compounds represent potential resources that could sustain future lunar exploration."

text: CNN

text: NASA

text: said

text: Friday

text: it

text: had

text: discovered

text: water

text: on

text: the

text: moon

text: opening

text: a

text: new

text: chapter

text: that

text: could

text: allow

text: for

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: a

text: lunar

text: space

text: station

text: The

text: discovery

text: was

text: announced

text: by

text: project

text: scientist

text: Anthony

text: Colaprete

text: at

text: a

text: midday

text: news

text: conference

text: I

text: 'm

text: here

text: today

text: to

text: tell

text: you

text: that

text: indeed

text: yes

text: we

text: found

text: water

text: And

text: we

text: did

text: n't

text: find

text: just

text: a

text: little

text: bit

text: we

text: found

text: a

text: significant

text: amount

text: about

text: a

text: dozen

text: two

text: gallon

text: bucketfuls

text: he

text: said

text: holding

text: up

text: several

text: white

text: plastic

text: containers

text: The

text: find

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: preliminary

text: data

text: collected

text: when

text: the

text: Lunar

text: Crater

text: Observation

text: and

text: Sensing

text: Satellite

text: or

text: LCROSS

text: intentionally

text: crashed

text: October

text: into

text: the

text: permanently

text: shadowed

text: region

text: of

text: Cabeus

text: crater

text: near

text: the

text: moon

text: 's

text: south

text: pole

text: After

text: the

text: satellite

text: struck

text: a

text: rocket

text: flew

text: through

text: the

text: debris

text: cloud

text: measuring

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: water

text: and

text: providing

text: a

text: host

text: of

text: other

text: data

text: Colaprete

text: said

text: The

text: project

text: team

text: concentrated

text: on

text: data

text: from

text: the

text: satellite

text: 's

text: spectrometers

text: which

text: provide

text: the

text: best

text: information

text: about

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: water

text: Colaprete

text: said

text: A

text: spectrometer

text: helps

text: identify

text: the

text: composition

text: of

text: materials

text: by

text: examining

text: light

text: they

text: emit

text: or

text: absorb

text: Although

text: the

text: goal

text: of

text: the

text: million

text: mission

text: was

text: to

text: determine

text: whether

text: there

text: is

text: water

text: on

text: the

text: moon

text: discoveries

text: in

text: other

text: areas

text: are

text: expected

text: as

text: studies

text: progress

text: Colaprete

text: and

text: other

text: scientists

text: said

text: at

text: the

text: briefing

text: at

text: NASA

text: 's

text: Ames

text: Research

text: Center

text: at

text: Moffett

text: Field

text: near

text: San

text: Francisco

text: California

text: The

text: discovery

text: opens

text: a

text: new

text: chapter

text: in

text: our

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: moon

text: the

text: space

text: agency

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: written

text: statement

text: shortly

text: after

text: the

text: briefing

text: began

text: Michael

text: Wargo

text: chief

text: lunar

text: scientist

text: at

text: NASA

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Washington

text: said

text: the

text: latest

text: discovery

text: also

text: could

text: unlock

text: the

text: mysteries

text: of

text: the

text: solar

text: system

text: He

text: listed

text: several

text: options

text: as

text: sources

text: for

text: the

text: water

text: including

text: solar

text: winds

text: comets

text: giant

text: molecular

text: clouds

text: or

text: even

text: the

text: moon

text: itself

text: through

text: some

text: kind

text: of

text: internal

text: activity

text: The

text: Earth

text: also

text: may

text: have

text: a

text: role

text: Wargo

text: said

text: If

text: the

text: water

text: that

text: was

text: formed

text: or

text: deposited

text: is

text: billions

text: of

text: years

text: old

text: these

text: polar

text: cold

text: traps

text: could

text: hold

text: a

text: key

text: to

text: the

text: history

text: and

text: evolution

text: of

text: the

text: solar

text: system

text: much

text: as

text: an

text: ice

text: core

text: sample

text: taken

text: on

text: Earth

text: reveals

text: ancient

text: data

text: NASA

text: said

text: in

text: its

text: statement

text: In

text: addition

text: water

text: and

text: other

text: compounds

text: represent

text: potential

text: resources

text: that

text: could

text: sustain

text: future

text: lunar

text: exploration

question: What did nasa say?

answer: it had discovered water on the moon,

text: it had discovered water on the moon,

question: Who is the NASA spokesman?

answer: Michael Wargo,

text: Michael Wargo,

question: Where was water found?

answer: on the moon,

text: on the moon,

question: What does NASA believe it found on the moon?

answer: water

text: water


text:
NEW YORK (CNN) -- Every weekend for more than four years, Fred Murray has walked the road where his daughter, Maura, vanished. Family, friends and volunteers help him look in the woods and mountains near Haverhill, New Hampshire, for clues to what happened to her.

Maura Murray, 21, disappeared while driving in the New Hampshire woods on a snowy night in 2004.

Maura Murray, a 21-year-old nursing student at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, disappeared on a cold and snowy night in February 2004. She was last known to be driving from Massachusetts through New Hampshire. It is still unclear where she was heading in her black 1996 Saturn.

The car was found abandoned, its front end crashed against a tree. It apparently had skidded off a road at a sharp curve.

Shortly after the accident, a passing bus driver stopped and asked Murray if she needed help. She said no.

Ten minutes later, police arrived. Inside the crumpled Saturn, they found some of Murray's belongings -- school books, running gear, snack foods and alcohol -- police won't say what kind. But Murray was gone, along with her car keys and a backpack she always carried.

There was nothing to hint she'd be motivated to run away, according to her fiancÃ©, William Rausch, and her father, Fred Murray.  Watch why this cold case is a true mystery Â»

Maura Murray had just gotten engaged to Rausch, her college sweetheart and an Army lieutenant stationed in Oklahoma. They planned to marry after she graduated from nursing school in June 2005. She'd found a summer nursing job in Oklahoma. She had everything to look forward to.

"She was in good spirits and had no worries or reason to run away from her life," Fred Murray said.

Investigators initially operated under the theory that the dean's list student was troubled and had decided to escape from the demands of her life for a while. As a result, they did not immediately begin to look for her.

The search did not begin until 39 hours after her crashed car was found. When it finally got under way, helicopters, search dogs and ground teams covered the area near where Murray's car was found.

The dogs picked up her scent for about 100 yards, leading investigators along the road to an area between two homes. There, the dogs lost the trail.

Murray's credit cards and cell phone have not registered any activity since the night she disappeared, February 9, 2004.

Tom Shamshak, a private investigator hired by the Murray family to continue the search, said police and volunteers looked for her for two days.

"No footprints were even found in the snow," he said. "Luckily there hadn't been any fresh snowfall in those two days."

Shamshak has concluded that only two scenarios could explain what happened to Murray. Either she was picked up by someone driving on the road, or she walked to a nearby house to ask for help.

Police say they did not treat Murray's case as an abduction because they saw no signs of a struggle at the scene.

Before she left campus, police learned, Murray had e-mailed her professors and informed them she'd be absent for a few days because of a death in the family. Murray's family and friends said no one in the family had died.

Police also noted that Murray had enough food and other items in her car to suggest she might be taking a short getaway vacation.

Murray is described as 5 feet 7 inches tall, 120 pounds, with brown hair and blue-green eyes. She was last seen wearing a dark coat and jeans and carrying a black backpack and Samsung cell phone.

A $40,000 reward is being offered for any information leading to her whereabouts or the arrest of the person responsible for her disappearance. The tip line is 603-271-2663, New Hampshire State Police.

text: NEW

text: YORK

text: CNN

text: Every

text: weekend

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: four

text: years

text: Fred

text: Murray

text: has

text: walked

text: the

text: road

text: where

text: his

text: daughter

text: Maura

text: vanished

text: Family

text: friends

text: and

text: volunteers

text: help

text: him

text: look

text: in

text: the

text: woods

text: and

text: mountains

text: near

text: Haverhill

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: for

text: clues

text: to

text: what

text: happened

text: to

text: her

text: Maura

text: Murray

text: disappeared

text: while

text: driving

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: woods

text: on

text: a

text: snowy

text: night

text: in

text: Maura

text: Murray

text: a

text: old

text: nursing

text: student

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Massachusetts

text: at

text: Amherst

text: disappeared

text: on

text: a

text: cold

text: and

text: snowy

text: night

text: in

text: February

text: She

text: was

text: last

text: known

text: to

text: be

text: driving

text: from

text: Massachusetts

text: through

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: It

text: is

text: still

text: unclear

text: where

text: she

text: was

text: heading

text: in

text: her

text: black

text: Saturn

text: The

text: car

text: was

text: found

text: abandoned

text: its

text: front

text: end

text: crashed

text: against

text: a

text: tree

text: It

text: apparently

text: had

text: skidded

text: off

text: a

text: road

text: at

text: a

text: sharp

text: curve

text: Shortly

text: after

text: the

text: accident

text: a

text: passing

text: bus

text: driver

text: stopped

text: and

text: asked

text: Murray

text: if

text: she

text: needed

text: help

text: She

text: said

text: no

text: Ten

text: minutes

text: later

text: police

text: arrived

text: Inside

text: the

text: crumpled

text: Saturn

text: they

text: found

text: some

text: of

text: Murray

text: 's

text: belongings

text: school

text: books

text: running

text: gear

text: snack

text: foods

text: and

text: alcohol

text: police

text: wo

text: n't

text: say

text: what

text: kind

text: But

text: Murray

text: was

text: gone

text: along

text: with

text: her

text: car

text: keys

text: and

text: a

text: backpack

text: she

text: always

text: carried

text: There

text: was

text: nothing

text: to

text: hint

text: she

text: 'd

text: be

text: motivated

text: to

text: run

text: away

text: according

text: to

text: her

text: fiancÃ

text: William

text: Rausch

text: and

text: her

text: father

text: Fred

text: Murray

text: Watch

text: why

text: this

text: cold

text: case

text: is

text: a

text: true

text: mystery

text: Â

text: Maura

text: Murray

text: had

text: just

text: gotten

text: engaged

text: to

text: Rausch

text: her

text: college

text: sweetheart

text: and

text: an

text: Army

text: lieutenant

text: stationed

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: They

text: planned

text: to

text: marry

text: after

text: she

text: graduated

text: from

text: nursing

text: school

text: in

text: June

text: She

text: 'd

text: found

text: a

text: summer

text: nursing

text: job

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: She

text: had

text: everything

text: to

text: look

text: forward

text: to

text: She

text: was

text: in

text: good

text: spirits

text: and

text: had

text: no

text: worries

text: or

text: reason

text: to

text: run

text: away

text: from

text: her

text: life

text: Fred

text: Murray

text: said

text: Investigators

text: initially

text: operated

text: under

text: the

text: theory

text: that

text: the

text: dean

text: 's

text: list

text: student

text: was

text: troubled

text: and

text: had

text: decided

text: to

text: escape

text: from

text: the

text: demands

text: of

text: her

text: life

text: for

text: a

text: while

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: immediately

text: begin

text: to

text: look

text: for

text: her

text: The

text: search

text: did

text: not

text: begin

text: until

text: hours

text: after

text: her

text: crashed

text: car

text: was

text: found

text: When

text: it

text: finally

text: got

text: under

text: way

text: helicopters

text: search

text: dogs

text: and

text: ground

text: teams

text: covered

text: the

text: area

text: near

text: where

text: Murray

text: 's

text: car

text: was

text: found

text: The

text: dogs

text: picked

text: up

text: her

text: scent

text: for

text: about

text: yards

text: leading

text: investigators

text: along

text: the

text: road

text: to

text: an

text: area

text: between

text: two

text: homes

text: There

text: the

text: dogs

text: lost

text: the

text: trail

text: Murray

text: 's

text: credit

text: cards

text: and

text: cell

text: phone

text: have

text: not

text: registered

text: any

text: activity

text: since

text: the

text: night

text: she

text: disappeared

text: February

text: Tom

text: Shamshak

text: a

text: private

text: investigator

text: hired

text: by

text: the

text: Murray

text: family

text: to

text: continue

text: the

text: search

text: said

text: police

text: and

text: volunteers

text: looked

text: for

text: her

text: for

text: two

text: days

text: No

text: footprints

text: were

text: even

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: snow

text: he

text: said

text: Luckily

text: there

text: had

text: n't

text: been

text: any

text: fresh

text: snowfall

text: in

text: those

text: two

text: days

text: Shamshak

text: has

text: concluded

text: that

text: only

text: two

text: scenarios

text: could

text: explain

text: what

text: happened

text: to

text: Murray

text: Either

text: she

text: was

text: picked

text: up

text: by

text: someone

text: driving

text: on

text: the

text: road

text: or

text: she

text: walked

text: to

text: a

text: nearby

text: house

text: to

text: ask

text: for

text: help

text: Police

text: say

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: treat

text: Murray

text: 's

text: case

text: as

text: an

text: abduction

text: because

text: they

text: saw

text: no

text: signs

text: of

text: a

text: struggle

text: at

text: the

text: scene

text: Before

text: she

text: left

text: campus

text: police

text: learned

text: Murray

text: had

text: e

text: mailed

text: her

text: professors

text: and

text: informed

text: them

text: she

text: 'd

text: be

text: absent

text: for

text: a

text: few

text: days

text: because

text: of

text: a

text: death

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: Murray

text: 's

text: family

text: and

text: friends

text: said

text: no

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: family

text: had

text: died

text: Police

text: also

text: noted

text: that

text: Murray

text: had

text: enough

text: food

text: and

text: other

text: items

text: in

text: her

text: car

text: to

text: suggest

text: she

text: might

text: be

text: taking

text: a

text: short

text: getaway

text: vacation

text: Murray

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: feet

text: inches

text: tall

text: pounds

text: with

text: brown

text: hair

text: and

text: blue

text: green

text: eyes

text: She

text: was

text: last

text: seen

text: wearing

text: a

text: dark

text: coat

text: and

text: jeans

text: and

text: carrying

text: a

text: black

text: backpack

text: and

text: Samsung

text: cell

text: phone

text: A

text: reward

text: is

text: being

text: offered

text: for

text: any

text: information

text: leading

text: to

text: her

text: whereabouts

text: or

text: the

text: arrest

text: of

text: the

text: person

text: responsible

text: for

text: her

text: disappearance

text: The

text: tip

text: line

text: is

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: State

text: Police

question: What was found crashed into a tree?

answer: The car

text: The car

question: What is the number to call?

answer: s 603-271-2663

text: s 603-271-2663

question: What number do you call?

answer: s 603-271-2663

text: s 603-271-2663

question: What is the reward amount?

answer: A $40,00

text: A $40,00

question: What did Maura tell her proffesor?

answer: m she'd be absent for a few days because of a death in the family

text: m she'd be absent for a few days because of a death in the family

question: What is the reward offered?

answer: A $40,00

text: A $40,00

question: What did the car crash into?

answer: a tree.

text: a tree.

question: How much was the reward?

answer: A $40,00

text: A $40,00


text:
(CNN) -- EU border patrol missions are scouring the Italian shore in search of yet another missing vessel carrying North Africans attempting to reach Europe, a Maltese commander told CNN Thursday.

Many immigrants from Africa attempt to make the perilous journey across the Mediterranean in overcrowded boats.

On Friday, a French patrol frigate operating under Frontex, a EU border patrol mission, alerted Italian officials of new incoming vessels after sighting six corpses floating in the Mediterranean.

Maltese army officials were unable to recover the corpses because of poor weather conditions.

"Unrelated to these corpses cited, last Friday, we monitored a fiberglass boat that originated from North Africa carrying about 30 to 35 people on board," said Major Ivan Consiglio from Valletta, the Maltese capital.

"Its fate is uncertain," he said. "We have lost track of this boat."

Malta is a hub for immigrants from Africa trying to reach Europe.

Approximately 20,000 would-be immigrants have been apprehended on European shores just this year alone, according to Frontex figures.

But many do not survive the trek.

"These waters are like the American Wild West," Consiglio said. "So many boats try to cross with families and children and some never make it."

Humanitarian groups such the Dutch-based UNITED against Racism, which keeps records on immigration, say thousands of Africans have died trying to cross the Mediterranean and the Adriatic.

The trek between Sicily and Tunisia has been dubbed "a floating cemetery for African immigrants."

In August, 70 people died off the cost of Malta attempting to cross the Mediterranean.

On Wednesday, about 300 would-be immigrants were rescued during a storm in the Italian island of Lampedusa.

Consiglio said that a growing number of would-be immigrants are braving the waters of the Atlantic in overcrowded dingy boats -- a dangerous mission this time of the year.

"It's fall here, waters are choppy and covered with fog," he said. "Trips are becoming even riskier and these locally-manufactured fiberglass boats don't have the same rigidity."

text: CNN

text: EU

text: border

text: patrol

text: missions

text: are

text: scouring

text: the

text: Italian

text: shore

text: in

text: search

text: of

text: yet

text: another

text: missing

text: vessel

text: carrying

text: North

text: Africans

text: attempting

text: to

text: reach

text: Europe

text: a

text: Maltese

text: commander

text: told

text: CNN

text: Thursday

text: Many

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Africa

text: attempt

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: perilous

text: journey

text: across

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: in

text: overcrowded

text: boats

text: On

text: Friday

text: a

text: French

text: patrol

text: frigate

text: operating

text: under

text: Frontex

text: a

text: EU

text: border

text: patrol

text: mission

text: alerted

text: Italian

text: officials

text: of

text: new

text: incoming

text: vessels

text: after

text: sighting

text: six

text: corpses

text: floating

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Maltese

text: army

text: officials

text: were

text: unable

text: to

text: recover

text: the

text: corpses

text: because

text: of

text: poor

text: weather

text: conditions

text: Unrelated

text: to

text: these

text: corpses

text: cited

text: last

text: Friday

text: we

text: monitored

text: a

text: fiberglass

text: boat

text: that

text: originated

text: from

text: North

text: Africa

text: carrying

text: about

text: to

text: people

text: on

text: board

text: said

text: Major

text: Ivan

text: Consiglio

text: from

text: Valletta

text: the

text: Maltese

text: capital

text: Its

text: fate

text: is

text: uncertain

text: he

text: said

text: We

text: have

text: lost

text: track

text: of

text: this

text: boat

text: Malta

text: is

text: a

text: hub

text: for

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Africa

text: trying

text: to

text: reach

text: Europe

text: Approximately

text: would

text: be

text: immigrants

text: have

text: been

text: apprehended

text: on

text: European

text: shores

text: just

text: this

text: year

text: alone

text: according

text: to

text: Frontex

text: figures

text: But

text: many

text: do

text: not

text: survive

text: the

text: trek

text: These

text: waters

text: are

text: like

text: the

text: American

text: Wild

text: West

text: Consiglio

text: said

text: So

text: many

text: boats

text: try

text: to

text: cross

text: with

text: families

text: and

text: children

text: and

text: some

text: never

text: make

text: it

text: Humanitarian

text: groups

text: such

text: the

text: Dutch

text: based

text: UNITED

text: against

text: Racism

text: which

text: keeps

text: records

text: on

text: immigration

text: say

text: thousands

text: of

text: Africans

text: have

text: died

text: trying

text: to

text: cross

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: and

text: the

text: Adriatic

text: The

text: trek

text: between

text: Sicily

text: and

text: Tunisia

text: has

text: been

text: dubbed

text: a

text: floating

text: cemetery

text: for

text: African

text: immigrants

text: In

text: August

text: people

text: died

text: off

text: the

text: cost

text: of

text: Malta

text: attempting

text: to

text: cross

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: On

text: Wednesday

text: about

text: would

text: be

text: immigrants

text: were

text: rescued

text: during

text: a

text: storm

text: in

text: the

text: Italian

text: island

text: of

text: Lampedusa

text: Consiglio

text: said

text: that

text: a

text: growing

text: number

text: of

text: would

text: be

text: immigrants

text: are

text: braving

text: the

text: waters

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: in

text: overcrowded

text: dingy

text: boats

text: a

text: dangerous

text: mission

text: this

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: It

text: 's

text: fall

text: here

text: waters

text: are

text: choppy

text: and

text: covered

text: with

text: fog

text: he

text: said

text: Trips

text: are

text: becoming

text: even

text: riskier

text: and

text: these

text: locally

text: manufactured

text: fiberglass

text: boats

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: rigidity

question: How many Africans have died trying to cross the Mediterranean ?

answer: thousands

text: thousands

question: What is the name of the hub?

answer: Malta

text: Malta

question: hom many people had died crossing mediterranean?

answer: 70

question: What number of migrants have recently been apprehended?

answer: Approximately 20,000

text: Approximately 20,000

question: HOW MANY MIGRANTS HAS BEEN APPREHENDED?

answer: 20,000

question: What Africans  are trying to reach Europe?

answer: North

text: North

question: wich is the hub for inmigrants?

answer: Malta

text: Malta

question: What was the year that 20,000 migrants were apprehended?

answer: this

text: this

question: What is the cause of so many deaths?

answer: immigrants from Africa attempt to make the perilous journey across the Mediterranean in overcrowded boats.

text: immigrants from Africa attempt to make the perilous journey across the Mediterranean in overcrowded boats.


text:
New York (CNN) -- Among the political threats wielded by Donald Trump in his carnival barker quest for the presidency is that if denied the Republican nomination, he would run as an independent.

As an independent myself, I usually cheer the prospect of any independent campaign. It shakes up the arrogant assumption that our elections are wholly owned subsidiaries of the two major parties and their respective special interests.

But Trump has already burned his bridges with most independent voters by choosing to go full birther and pander to the far right wing of the GOP.

It's a shame because in his purely CEO persona, Trump could have mounted a semi-credible independent campaign. Look at what Ross Perot was able to accomplish with such an appeal nearly 20 years ago or what Mayor Michael Bloomberg has done in New York to date.

An independent candidate running on a proven record of executive leadership, job creation and improving American competitiveness could be a serious presidential candidate this time around. Especially because a new Washington Post/ABC poll shows that 41% of American voters now identify as independents. We are the plurality and provide the balance of power in any election.

Independent voters tend to be closer to Republicans on economic issues and closer to Democrats on social issues. In other words, they are fiscally conservative but socially liberal. They hate hyper-partisanship and special-interest gridlock in Washington, and they have been deficit hawks since at least the days of Perot.

It's perhaps useful to remember that Perot campaigned primarily on reducing the deficit and the debt at a time when America was struggling to get out of a recession and many people thought that Japan was a rising power that would eclipse the United States. Now, many of those same conditions exist, with China taking the place of Japan in the "Rise and Fall of Great Powers" narrative.

But crucially, Perot was decidedly liberal-to-libertarian in his social beliefs. He was avowedly abortion rights and even back then supported gays in the military. The CEO candidate is usually liberated from social issue litmus tests by saying that what people do in their private lives doesn't affect on-the-job performance. A guy such as Trump could embody the old libertarian line, "I want the government out of the boardroom and the bedroom." Many would cheer.

But instead, Trump has done a 180-degree reversal on abortion (like Mitt Romney before him) in the hopes of winning the GOP nomination, because abortion-rights Republicans have become an endangered species despite the endurance of "individual freedom" rhetoric. (We can get into how Barry Goldwater's wife co-founded Arizona Planned Parenthood in the 1930s another time.)

Even worse, he made a strategic decision to pander to the outer reaches of American politics by embracing thoroughly discredited conspiracy theories to drum up support from the fringe. This has succeeded in the short run, compounded by his already high name recognition. But it will hurt both Trump and the GOP in the long run, while nuking any hope he had of appealing to independent voters.

If Trump were to try and run as an independent, he could still win enough votes to poll in the low single digits of the popular vote, as Pat Buchanan did before him. But given his super-rich persona -- now added to his opportunistic endorsement of Obama Derangement Syndrome -- his votes would come entirely out of the Republican nominee's hide, opening the door for President Obama's re-election.

In contrast, Perot's independent campaign won 19% of the popular vote in 1992 -- coming in second in terms of all-time independent presidential candidacies to Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party presidential campaign in 1912. They won votes from the vast vital center of the American electorate. Trump would not.

Trump has debased himself and any ideas he had of a political career with the serial idiocies he's articulated in this flirtation with a presidential campaign.

Of course, there will be a cadre of political consultants who encourage him to run because they see dollar signs in their eyes, not because they are thinking of the good of the republic. This is predictable but pathetic.

Independent voters are now the largest and fastest-growing segment of the electorate. At the end of the day, we decide which party will win control of Congress or which candidate will win the presidency. But a candidate who panders to the extremes and parades his own irresponsibility cannot assume that he'll win independent votes just because he slaps the independent label on a self-funded candidacy.

A credible independent candidate needs to be a consistent advocate for the principled positions independent voters care about -- reducing the deficit and debt while combating hyper-partisanship.

Trump made a decision to inflame polarization in the pursuit of self-promotion. As a result, he sacrificed his right to be taken seriously as well as any claims he had to represent independent voters credibly in the 2012 election.

The opinions expressed in this column are solely those of John Avlon.

text: New

text: York

text: CNN

text: Among

text: the

text: political

text: threats

text: wielded

text: by

text: Donald

text: Trump

text: in

text: his

text: carnival

text: barker

text: quest

text: for

text: the

text: presidency

text: is

text: that

text: if

text: denied

text: the

text: Republican

text: nomination

text: he

text: would

text: run

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: As

text: an

text: independent

text: myself

text: I

text: usually

text: cheer

text: the

text: prospect

text: of

text: any

text: independent

text: campaign

text: It

text: shakes

text: up

text: the

text: arrogant

text: assumption

text: that

text: our

text: elections

text: are

text: wholly

text: owned

text: subsidiaries

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: major

text: parties

text: and

text: their

text: respective

text: special

text: interests

text: But

text: Trump

text: has

text: already

text: burned

text: his

text: bridges

text: with

text: most

text: independent

text: voters

text: by

text: choosing

text: to

text: go

text: full

text: birther

text: and

text: pander

text: to

text: the

text: far

text: right

text: wing

text: of

text: the

text: GOP

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: shame

text: because

text: in

text: his

text: purely

text: CEO

text: persona

text: Trump

text: could

text: have

text: mounted

text: a

text: semi

text: credible

text: independent

text: campaign

text: Look

text: at

text: what

text: Ross

text: Perot

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: accomplish

text: with

text: such

text: an

text: appeal

text: nearly

text: years

text: ago

text: or

text: what

text: Mayor

text: Michael

text: Bloomberg

text: has

text: done

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: to

text: date

text: An

text: independent

text: candidate

text: running

text: on

text: a

text: proven

text: record

text: of

text: executive

text: leadership

text: job

text: creation

text: and

text: improving

text: American

text: competitiveness

text: could

text: be

text: a

text: serious

text: presidential

text: candidate

text: this

text: time

text: around

text: Especially

text: because

text: a

text: new

text: Washington

text: Post

text: ABC

text: poll

text: shows

text: that

text: of

text: American

text: voters

text: now

text: identify

text: as

text: independents

text: We

text: are

text: the

text: plurality

text: and

text: provide

text: the

text: balance

text: of

text: power

text: in

text: any

text: election

text: Independent

text: voters

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: closer

text: to

text: Republicans

text: on

text: economic

text: issues

text: and

text: closer

text: to

text: Democrats

text: on

text: social

text: issues

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: they

text: are

text: fiscally

text: conservative

text: but

text: socially

text: liberal

text: They

text: hate

text: hyper

text: partisanship

text: and

text: special

text: interest

text: gridlock

text: in

text: Washington

text: and

text: they

text: have

text: been

text: deficit

text: hawks

text: since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: days

text: of

text: Perot

text: It

text: 's

text: perhaps

text: useful

text: to

text: remember

text: that

text: Perot

text: campaigned

text: primarily

text: on

text: reducing

text: the

text: deficit

text: and

text: the

text: debt

text: at

text: a

text: time

text: when

text: America

text: was

text: struggling

text: to

text: get

text: out

text: of

text: a

text: recession

text: and

text: many

text: people

text: thought

text: that

text: Japan

text: was

text: a

text: rising

text: power

text: that

text: would

text: eclipse

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Now

text: many

text: of

text: those

text: same

text: conditions

text: exist

text: with

text: China

text: taking

text: the

text: place

text: of

text: Japan

text: in

text: the

text: Rise

text: and

text: Fall

text: of

text: Great

text: Powers

text: narrative

text: But

text: crucially

text: Perot

text: was

text: decidedly

text: liberal

text: to

text: libertarian

text: in

text: his

text: social

text: beliefs

text: He

text: was

text: avowedly

text: abortion

text: rights

text: and

text: even

text: back

text: then

text: supported

text: gays

text: in

text: the

text: military

text: The

text: CEO

text: candidate

text: is

text: usually

text: liberated

text: from

text: social

text: issue

text: litmus

text: tests

text: by

text: saying

text: that

text: what

text: people

text: do

text: in

text: their

text: private

text: lives

text: does

text: n't

text: affect

text: on

text: the

text: job

text: performance

text: A

text: guy

text: such

text: as

text: Trump

text: could

text: embody

text: the

text: old

text: libertarian

text: line

text: I

text: want

text: the

text: government

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: boardroom

text: and

text: the

text: bedroom

text: Many

text: would

text: cheer

text: But

text: instead

text: Trump

text: has

text: done

text: a

text: reversal

text: on

text: abortion

text: like

text: Mitt

text: Romney

text: before

text: him

text: in

text: the

text: hopes

text: of

text: winning

text: the

text: GOP

text: nomination

text: because

text: abortion

text: rights

text: Republicans

text: have

text: become

text: an

text: endangered

text: species

text: despite

text: the

text: endurance

text: of

text: individual

text: freedom

text: rhetoric

text: We

text: can

text: get

text: into

text: how

text: Barry

text: Goldwater

text: 's

text: wife

text: co

text: founded

text: Arizona

text: Planned

text: Parenthood

text: in

text: the

text: another

text: time

text: Even

text: worse

text: he

text: made

text: a

text: strategic

text: decision

text: to

text: pander

text: to

text: the

text: outer

text: reaches

text: of

text: American

text: politics

text: by

text: embracing

text: thoroughly

text: discredited

text: conspiracy

text: theories

text: to

text: drum

text: up

text: support

text: from

text: the

text: fringe

text: This

text: has

text: succeeded

text: in

text: the

text: short

text: run

text: compounded

text: by

text: his

text: already

text: high

text: name

text: recognition

text: But

text: it

text: will

text: hurt

text: both

text: Trump

text: and

text: the

text: GOP

text: in

text: the

text: long

text: run

text: while

text: nuking

text: any

text: hope

text: he

text: had

text: of

text: appealing

text: to

text: independent

text: voters

text: If

text: Trump

text: were

text: to

text: try

text: and

text: run

text: as

text: an

text: independent

text: he

text: could

text: still

text: win

text: enough

text: votes

text: to

text: poll

text: in

text: the

text: low

text: single

text: digits

text: of

text: the

text: popular

text: vote

text: as

text: Pat

text: Buchanan

text: did

text: before

text: him

text: But

text: given

text: his

text: super

text: rich

text: persona

text: now

text: added

text: to

text: his

text: opportunistic

text: endorsement

text: of

text: Obama

text: Derangement

text: Syndrome

text: his

text: votes

text: would

text: come

text: entirely

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: Republican

text: nominee

text: 's

text: hide

text: opening

text: the

text: door

text: for

text: President

text: Obama

text: 's

text: re

text: election

text: In

text: contrast

text: Perot

text: 's

text: independent

text: campaign

text: won

text: of

text: the

text: popular

text: vote

text: in

text: coming

text: in

text: second

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: all

text: time

text: independent

text: presidential

text: candidacies

text: to

text: Theodore

text: Roosevelt

text: 's

text: Progressive

text: Party

text: presidential

text: campaign

text: in

text: They

text: won

text: votes

text: from

text: the

text: vast

text: vital

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: electorate

text: Trump

text: would

text: not

text: Trump

text: has

text: debased

text: himself

text: and

text: any

text: ideas

text: he

text: had

text: of

text: a

text: political

text: career

text: with

text: the

text: serial

text: idiocies

text: he

text: 's

text: articulated

text: in

text: this

text: flirtation

text: with

text: a

text: presidential

text: campaign

text: Of

text: course

text: there

text: will

text: be

text: a

text: cadre

text: of

text: political

text: consultants

text: who

text: encourage

text: him

text: to

text: run

text: because

text: they

text: see

text: dollar

text: signs

text: in

text: their

text: eyes

text: not

text: because

text: they

text: are

text: thinking

text: of

text: the

text: good

text: of

text: the

text: republic

text: This

text: is

text: predictable

text: but

text: pathetic

text: Independent

text: voters

text: are

text: now

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: fastest

text: growing

text: segment

text: of

text: the

text: electorate

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: day

text: we

text: decide

text: which

text: party

text: will

text: win

text: control

text: of

text: Congress

text: or

text: which

text: candidate

text: will

text: win

text: the

text: presidency

text: But

text: a

text: candidate

text: who

text: panders

text: to

text: the

text: extremes

text: and

text: parades

text: his

text: own

text: irresponsibility

text: can

text: not

text: assume

text: that

text: he

text: 'll

text: win

text: independent

text: votes

text: just

text: because

text: he

text: slaps

text: the

text: independent

text: label

text: on

text: a

text: self

text: funded

text: candidacy

text: A

text: credible

text: independent

text: candidate

text: needs

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: consistent

text: advocate

text: for

text: the

text: principled

text: positions

text: independent

text: voters

text: care

text: about

text: reducing

text: the

text: deficit

text: and

text: debt

text: while

text: combating

text: hyper

text: partisanship

text: Trump

text: made

text: a

text: decision

text: to

text: inflame

text: polarization

text: in

text: the

text: pursuit

text: of

text: self

text: promotion

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: he

text: sacrificed

text: his

text: right

text: to

text: be

text: taken

text: seriously

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: any

text: claims

text: he

text: had

text: to

text: represent

text: independent

text: voters

text: credibly

text: in

text: the

text: election

text: The

text: opinions

text: expressed

text: in

text: this

text: column

text: are

text: solely

text: those

text: of

text: John

text: Avlon

question: What did Donald Trump do?

answer: burned his bridges with most independent voters

text: burned his bridges with most independent voters

question: What rhetoric does he embrace?

answer: "individual freedom"

text: "individual freedom"

question: Who is exploring the prospects?

answer: Donald Trump

text: Donald Trump

question: who changed his party enrolment this week

answer: Donald Trump

text: Donald Trump

question: What party did he change to?

answer: independent.

text: independent.


text:
(CNN) -- The National Transportation Safety Board on Tuesday will launch three days of hearings into the circumstances surrounding the US Airways Flight 1549 emergency landing on New York's Hudson River.

In January, passengers of US Airways Flight 1549 had to be rescued out of the Hudson River after a bird strike.

Looking into several issues from the January 15 incident -- from migratory birds to why a rear door opened after the landing -- the NTSB panel will hear testimony from key witnesses, including Capt. Chesley "Sully" Sullenberger, the pilot; and Billy Campbell, the only passenger scheduled to testify.

On Monday, the NTSB corrected remarks made by board member Robert Sumwalt, who was quoted by The Associated Press as saying Campbell was being called to contradict statements made by flight attendant Doreen Welsh, who has said a panicked passenger opened the rear door.

The NTSB said Sumwalt, who will lead the three days of hearings, was mistaken and that Campbell's written statement does not suggest Welsh opened the rear door.

NTSB spokesman Peter Knudson said the board asked Campbell to testify because he had the most detailed statement of those people in the cabin at the time of the crash.

"Safety Board investigators interviewed 145 passengers, each of whom provided their own perspective on what happened," the NTSB said Monday night. "Some of the passenger reports conflicted with the accounts of other passengers, including accounts of how the rear door was opened."

"What was consistently reported by those inside the plane was that the water entered the aft section of the cabin immediately while everyone was still seated," the statement said, adding that the NTSB will focus on how the water gushing "affected the ability of the passengers and the crew to evacuate the aircraft since two of the four slide-rafts were in the rear of the plane, on each of the rear doors, and they could not be used."

Sullenberger was the pilot in command during the flight, which lost power in both engines after hitting a flock of Canada geese. Bird detection, and standards for engines to handle bird strikes, are among subjects to be covered in the hearing.

Other topics include pilot training for ditching and forced landings on water, and cabin-safety training, emergency procedures and equipment.

CNN's Mike Ahlers contributed to this report.

text: CNN

text: The

text: National

text: Transportation

text: Safety

text: Board

text: on

text: Tuesday

text: will

text: launch

text: three

text: days

text: of

text: hearings

text: into

text: the

text: circumstances

text: surrounding

text: the

text: US

text: Airways

text: Flight

text: emergency

text: landing

text: on

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: Hudson

text: River

text: In

text: January

text: passengers

text: of

text: US

text: Airways

text: Flight

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: rescued

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: Hudson

text: River

text: after

text: a

text: bird

text: strike

text: Looking

text: into

text: several

text: issues

text: from

text: the

text: January

text: incident

text: from

text: migratory

text: birds

text: to

text: why

text: a

text: rear

text: door

text: opened

text: after

text: the

text: landing

text: the

text: NTSB

text: panel

text: will

text: hear

text: testimony

text: from

text: key

text: witnesses

text: including

text: Capt

text: Chesley

text: Sully

text: Sullenberger

text: the

text: pilot

text: and

text: Billy

text: Campbell

text: the

text: only

text: passenger

text: scheduled

text: to

text: testify

text: On

text: Monday

text: the

text: NTSB

text: corrected

text: remarks

text: made

text: by

text: board

text: member

text: Robert

text: Sumwalt

text: who

text: was

text: quoted

text: by

text: The

text: Associated

text: Press

text: as

text: saying

text: Campbell

text: was

text: being

text: called

text: to

text: contradict

text: statements

text: made

text: by

text: flight

text: attendant

text: Doreen

text: Welsh

text: who

text: has

text: said

text: a

text: panicked

text: passenger

text: opened

text: the

text: rear

text: door

text: The

text: NTSB

text: said

text: Sumwalt

text: who

text: will

text: lead

text: the

text: three

text: days

text: of

text: hearings

text: was

text: mistaken

text: and

text: that

text: Campbell

text: 's

text: written

text: statement

text: does

text: not

text: suggest

text: Welsh

text: opened

text: the

text: rear

text: door

text: NTSB

text: spokesman

text: Peter

text: Knudson

text: said

text: the

text: board

text: asked

text: Campbell

text: to

text: testify

text: because

text: he

text: had

text: the

text: most

text: detailed

text: statement

text: of

text: those

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: cabin

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: crash

text: Safety

text: Board

text: investigators

text: interviewed

text: passengers

text: each

text: of

text: whom

text: provided

text: their

text: own

text: perspective

text: on

text: what

text: happened

text: the

text: NTSB

text: said

text: Monday

text: night

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: passenger

text: reports

text: conflicted

text: with

text: the

text: accounts

text: of

text: other

text: passengers

text: including

text: accounts

text: of

text: how

text: the

text: rear

text: door

text: was

text: opened

text: What

text: was

text: consistently

text: reported

text: by

text: those

text: inside

text: the

text: plane

text: was

text: that

text: the

text: water

text: entered

text: the

text: aft

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: cabin

text: immediately

text: while

text: everyone

text: was

text: still

text: seated

text: the

text: statement

text: said

text: adding

text: that

text: the

text: NTSB

text: will

text: focus

text: on

text: how

text: the

text: water

text: gushing

text: affected

text: the

text: ability

text: of

text: the

text: passengers

text: and

text: the

text: crew

text: to

text: evacuate

text: the

text: aircraft

text: since

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: slide

text: rafts

text: were

text: in

text: the

text: rear

text: of

text: the

text: plane

text: on

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: rear

text: doors

text: and

text: they

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: used

text: Sullenberger

text: was

text: the

text: pilot

text: in

text: command

text: during

text: the

text: flight

text: which

text: lost

text: power

text: in

text: both

text: engines

text: after

text: hitting

text: a

text: flock

text: of

text: Canada

text: geese

text: Bird

text: detection

text: and

text: standards

text: for

text: engines

text: to

text: handle

text: bird

text: strikes

text: are

text: among

text: subjects

text: to

text: be

text: covered

text: in

text: the

text: hearing

text: Other

text: topics

text: include

text: pilot

text: training

text: for

text: ditching

text: and

text: forced

text: landings

text: on

text: water

text: and

text: cabin

text: safety

text: training

text: emergency

text: procedures

text: and

text: equipment

text: CNN

text: 's

text: Mike

text: Ahlers

text: contributed

text: to

text: this

text: report

question: When did it occur?

answer: January 15

text: January 15

question: When did the crash landing happen?

answer: January 15

text: January 15

question: What landed in the Hudson River?

answer: US Airways Flight 1549

text: US Airways Flight 1549

question: When dud the flight land in Hudson River?

answer: January 15

text: January 15

question: What did the plane hit?

answer: the water

text: the water

question: What will the hearing cover?

answer: circumstances surrounding the US Airways Flight 1549 emergency landing on New York's Hudson River.

text: circumstances surrounding the US Airways Flight 1549 emergency landing on New York's Hudson River.

question: What caused the loss in both engines?

answer: hitting a flock of Canada geese.

text: hitting a flock of Canada geese.

question: What is the flight number of the plane?

answer: 1549

question: What made the plane crash?

answer: bird strike.

text: bird strike.