text:
(CNN) -- Much has been written about the Obamas' marriage. The president and first lady have attested to the long and hard work it takes to stay involved and connected to each other while maintaining their separate identities.

Undoubtedly, sustaining a marriage is sometimes hard, as the first lady noted.

But the Obamas are an excellent example of how the fruits of marriage can be realized by those who are committed to reconciling their differences and "toughing it out."

The problem is that, today, too few couples are willing to make such a commitment. Ever since California became the first state to sanction no-fault divorce law 40 years ago, with every state in essence following suit -- some with certain stipulations -- the most fundamental thread in the fabric of our American values, the institution of marriage, has been unraveling.

Before I retired from the bench a few months ago, it was my job as a judge to sort through all the issues rising, in part, from the growing lack of reverence many Americans have for marriage. In court, I often saw humanity's worst behavior. I also dealt with teenage mothers, absentee fathers and parents who have never been married, often by choice.

I saw parents who didn't seem able or willing to connect their children's problems with their own failure to provide their children with the necessary road map to self-sufficiency and productivity. And these families didn't just show up in my courtroom. They exist everywhere.

The U.S. Marriage Index shows a dramatic decline in the health of marriage in recent decades. America is a society that requires its citizens to make choices and penalizes them, often harshly, for the wrong ones.

As a child grows up, the guideposts should be: finish school; become a productive citizen; marry a person you want to spend your life with; and, if you want, have children. In that order.

But many Americans are failing their children because they have already failed themselves. They often enter the court system with domestic problems and low-wage jobs, slim educational credentials and no life partners.

It broke my heart to see so many children raising babies before they are ready: young people who made no connection between the poverty and chaos in their lives and the choices they had made.

My options in addressing these problems from the bench were limited. The courtroom is seldom the stage at which social change takes place. By the time these cases appeared in court, so much damage had already been done.

What our society needs is a solution on the front end. We should begin by considering six points:

Let's stop glorifying single parenthood. Celebrity unwed parents like "Brangelina," Halle Berry and the late Michael Jackson make matrimony seem unimportant and suggest that having a baby as a single parent is "cool" and even easy.

Our children need a reality check. Many young people think that having a child means that they will finally have someone who will unconditionally love them. They don't consider, however, that babies do not and cannot love anyone but themselves, and they also take a tremendous amount of time, attention and resources.

Memo to single mothers by choice: When you decide to have a child alone in order to fulfill your deep need to parent, you may be deliberately substituting your emotional loss for that of your child, who will have to grow up without a father.

We need to respect the role of men as husbands and fathers when they do right by their families. Boys and girls need their fathers to love them and to model the sacrifice and commitment that bonds a married couple. Men who "man up" like this need our support and encouragement.

Our state legislatures should revisit no-fault divorce laws that allow one party to a marriage to opt out of it too easily.

Change now can result in change in the future. Although there are many success stories, children who grow up in single-parent families are less likely to enjoy the financial security, educational success and social skills of children living with their married parents. This only continues to fuel poverty and inequality in our country.

By the way, I'm neither a strait-laced goody-two-shoes nor Archie Bunker in heels. I would never condemn anyone who has had a child out of wedlock or who has gone through a divorce.

I was a divorcee, and with two children, I was also a single mom. So I know that these things happen. Indeed, sometimes they must happen. And because they do, we need to respect every family form.

But I've been around long enough to know that as marriage goes, so go our children. And with them goes the future of our country. Consequently, everyone -- rich or poor, single or married or divorced, gay or straight, all races and colors, from the first family to the single-parent family -- benefits from a vibrant marriage culture.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Leah Ward Sears.

text: CNN

text: Much

text: has

text: been

text: written

text: about

text: the

text: Obamas

text: marriage

text: The

text: president

text: and

text: first

text: lady

text: have

text: attested

text: to

text: the

text: long

text: and

text: hard

text: work

text: it

text: takes

text: to

text: stay

text: involved

text: and

text: connected

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: while

text: maintaining

text: their

text: separate

text: identities

text: Undoubtedly

text: sustaining

text: a

text: marriage

text: is

text: sometimes

text: hard

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: lady

text: noted

text: But

text: the

text: Obamas

text: are

text: an

text: excellent

text: example

text: of

text: how

text: the

text: fruits

text: of

text: marriage

text: can

text: be

text: realized

text: by

text: those

text: who

text: are

text: committed

text: to

text: reconciling

text: their

text: differences

text: and

text: toughing

text: it

text: out

text: The

text: problem

text: is

text: that

text: today

text: too

text: few

text: couples

text: are

text: willing

text: to

text: make

text: such

text: a

text: commitment

text: Ever

text: since

text: California

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: state

text: to

text: sanction

text: no

text: fault

text: divorce

text: law

text: years

text: ago

text: with

text: every

text: state

text: in

text: essence

text: following

text: suit

text: some

text: with

text: certain

text: stipulations

text: the

text: most

text: fundamental

text: thread

text: in

text: the

text: fabric

text: of

text: our

text: American

text: values

text: the

text: institution

text: of

text: marriage

text: has

text: been

text: unraveling

text: Before

text: I

text: retired

text: from

text: the

text: bench

text: a

text: few

text: months

text: ago

text: it

text: was

text: my

text: job

text: as

text: a

text: judge

text: to

text: sort

text: through

text: all

text: the

text: issues

text: rising

text: in

text: part

text: from

text: the

text: growing

text: lack

text: of

text: reverence

text: many

text: Americans

text: have

text: for

text: marriage

text: In

text: court

text: I

text: often

text: saw

text: humanity

text: 's

text: worst

text: behavior

text: I

text: also

text: dealt

text: with

text: teenage

text: mothers

text: absentee

text: fathers

text: and

text: parents

text: who

text: have

text: never

text: been

text: married

text: often

text: by

text: choice

text: I

text: saw

text: parents

text: who

text: did

text: n't

text: seem

text: able

text: or

text: willing

text: to

text: connect

text: their

text: children

text: 's

text: problems

text: with

text: their

text: own

text: failure

text: to

text: provide

text: their

text: children

text: with

text: the

text: necessary

text: road

text: map

text: to

text: self

text: sufficiency

text: and

text: productivity

text: And

text: these

text: families

text: did

text: n't

text: just

text: show

text: up

text: in

text: my

text: courtroom

text: They

text: exist

text: everywhere

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Marriage

text: Index

text: shows

text: a

text: dramatic

text: decline

text: in

text: the

text: health

text: of

text: marriage

text: in

text: recent

text: decades

text: America

text: is

text: a

text: society

text: that

text: requires

text: its

text: citizens

text: to

text: make

text: choices

text: and

text: penalizes

text: them

text: often

text: harshly

text: for

text: the

text: wrong

text: ones

text: As

text: a

text: child

text: grows

text: up

text: the

text: guideposts

text: should

text: be

text: finish

text: school

text: become

text: a

text: productive

text: citizen

text: marry

text: a

text: person

text: you

text: want

text: to

text: spend

text: your

text: life

text: with

text: and

text: if

text: you

text: want

text: have

text: children

text: In

text: that

text: order

text: But

text: many

text: Americans

text: are

text: failing

text: their

text: children

text: because

text: they

text: have

text: already

text: failed

text: themselves

text: They

text: often

text: enter

text: the

text: court

text: system

text: with

text: domestic

text: problems

text: and

text: low

text: wage

text: jobs

text: slim

text: educational

text: credentials

text: and

text: no

text: life

text: partners

text: It

text: broke

text: my

text: heart

text: to

text: see

text: so

text: many

text: children

text: raising

text: babies

text: before

text: they

text: are

text: ready

text: young

text: people

text: who

text: made

text: no

text: connection

text: between

text: the

text: poverty

text: and

text: chaos

text: in

text: their

text: lives

text: and

text: the

text: choices

text: they

text: had

text: made

text: My

text: options

text: in

text: addressing

text: these

text: problems

text: from

text: the

text: bench

text: were

text: limited

text: The

text: courtroom

text: is

text: seldom

text: the

text: stage

text: at

text: which

text: social

text: change

text: takes

text: place

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: these

text: cases

text: appeared

text: in

text: court

text: so

text: much

text: damage

text: had

text: already

text: been

text: done

text: What

text: our

text: society

text: needs

text: is

text: a

text: solution

text: on

text: the

text: front

text: end

text: We

text: should

text: begin

text: by

text: considering

text: six

text: points

text: Let

text: 's

text: stop

text: glorifying

text: single

text: parenthood

text: Celebrity

text: unwed

text: parents

text: like

text: Brangelina

text: Halle

text: Berry

text: and

text: the

text: late

text: Michael

text: Jackson

text: make

text: matrimony

text: seem

text: unimportant

text: and

text: suggest

text: that

text: having

text: a

text: baby

text: as

text: a

text: single

text: parent

text: is

text: cool

text: and

text: even

text: easy

text: Our

text: children

text: need

text: a

text: reality

text: check

text: Many

text: young

text: people

text: think

text: that

text: having

text: a

text: child

text: means

text: that

text: they

text: will

text: finally

text: have

text: someone

text: who

text: will

text: unconditionally

text: love

text: them

text: They

text: do

text: n't

text: consider

text: however

text: that

text: babies

text: do

text: not

text: and

text: can

text: not

text: love

text: anyone

text: but

text: themselves

text: and

text: they

text: also

text: take

text: a

text: tremendous

text: amount

text: of

text: time

text: attention

text: and

text: resources

text: Memo

text: to

text: single

text: mothers

text: by

text: choice

text: When

text: you

text: decide

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: child

text: alone

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: fulfill

text: your

text: deep

text: need

text: to

text: parent

text: you

text: may

text: be

text: deliberately

text: substituting

text: your

text: emotional

text: loss

text: for

text: that

text: of

text: your

text: child

text: who

text: will

text: have

text: to

text: grow

text: up

text: without

text: a

text: father

text: We

text: need

text: to

text: respect

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: men

text: as

text: husbands

text: and

text: fathers

text: when

text: they

text: do

text: right

text: by

text: their

text: families

text: Boys

text: and

text: girls

text: need

text: their

text: fathers

text: to

text: love

text: them

text: and

text: to

text: model

text: the

text: sacrifice

text: and

text: commitment

text: that

text: bonds

text: a

text: married

text: couple

text: Men

text: who

text: man

text: up

text: like

text: this

text: need

text: our

text: support

text: and

text: encouragement

text: Our

text: state

text: legislatures

text: should

text: revisit

text: no

text: fault

text: divorce

text: laws

text: that

text: allow

text: one

text: party

text: to

text: a

text: marriage

text: to

text: opt

text: out

text: of

text: it

text: too

text: easily

text: Change

text: now

text: can

text: result

text: in

text: change

text: in

text: the

text: future

text: Although

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: success

text: stories

text: children

text: who

text: grow

text: up

text: in

text: single

text: parent

text: families

text: are

text: less

text: likely

text: to

text: enjoy

text: the

text: financial

text: security

text: educational

text: success

text: and

text: social

text: skills

text: of

text: children

text: living

text: with

text: their

text: married

text: parents

text: This

text: only

text: continues

text: to

text: fuel

text: poverty

text: and

text: inequality

text: in

text: our

text: country

text: By

text: the

text: way

text: I

text: 'm

text: neither

text: a

text: strait

text: laced

text: goody

text: two

text: shoes

text: nor

text: Archie

text: Bunker

text: in

text: heels

text: I

text: would

text: never

text: condemn

text: anyone

text: who

text: has

text: had

text: a

text: child

text: out

text: of

text: wedlock

text: or

text: who

text: has

text: gone

text: through

text: a

text: divorce

text: I

text: was

text: a

text: divorcee

text: and

text: with

text: two

text: children

text: I

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: single

text: mom

text: So

text: I

text: know

text: that

text: these

text: things

text: happen

text: Indeed

text: sometimes

text: they

text: must

text: happen

text: And

text: because

text: they

text: do

text: we

text: need

text: to

text: respect

text: every

text: family

text: form

text: But

text: I

text: 've

text: been

text: around

text: long

text: enough

text: to

text: know

text: that

text: as

text: marriage

text: goes

text: so

text: go

text: our

text: children

text: And

text: with

text: them

text: goes

text: the

text: future

text: of

text: our

text: country

text: Consequently

text: everyone

text: rich

text: or

text: poor

text: single

text: or

text: married

text: or

text: divorced

text: gay

text: or

text: straight

text: all

text: races

text: and

text: colors

text: from

text: the

text: first

text: family

text: to

text: the

text: single

text: parent

text: family

text: benefits

text: from

text: a

text: vibrant

text: marriage

text: culture

text: The

text: opinions

text: expressed

text: in

text: this

text: commentary

text: are

text: solely

text: those

text: of

text: Leah

text: Ward

text: Sears

question: What won't couples do?

answer: make such a commitment.

text: make such a commitment.

question: What couple does Sears say exemplifies good marriage?

answer: the Obamas

text: the Obamas

question: Who exemplifies a good marriag?

answer: the Obamas

text: the Obamas

question: What do the obamas do?

answer: are an excellent example of how the fruits of marriage can be realized by those who are committed to reconciling their differences and "toughing it out."

text: are an excellent example of how the fruits of marriage can be realized by those who are committed to reconciling their differences and "toughing it out."


text:
BOGOTA, Colombia (CNN) -- Guerrillas in Colombia tortured and killed 17 Indians who they believed were helping the government, a governor and two human rights organizations said Wednesday.

Marxist rebels with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, known as FARC, swept into a village in southwest Colombia last week and abducted an undetermined number of Awa Indians, Human Rights Watch said.

The guerrillas tortured and killed 17 Awas, including at least two minors, the human rights group said.

Another human rights group, the National Indigenous Organization of Colombia, or ONIC, also reported the allegations.

Navarro Wolff, the governor of Narino province, where the Awas live, decried the reported killings.

"The guerrillas took several families, recriminating them for their supposed collaboration with the army," Wolff told El Pais newspaper. "A young man was able to escape and told how he had been tied. Later, they tortured him, they beat him and they killed eight with with a knife."

Nine other villagers also were executed, unconfirmed reports said.

The allegations are based partly on the information provided by the young man who said he escaped. Human Rights Watch also said it received reports from "reliable sources," whom the organization did not name.

"These cruel killings violate the most basic principles of human decency and dignity," said Jose Miguel Vivanco, the Americas director at Human Rights Watch. "There is no possible excuse or justification for these horrific actions."

The remote village is a 12-hour trip away from the nearest large town, and no independent verification has been obtained. Besides the unforgiving terrain, the presence of land mines and the existence of numerous armed groups virtually prevent outsiders from visiting the area.

Monsignor Ruben Salazar Gomez, the president of the Episcopal Conference of Colombia, joined the chorus of criticism, alleging a "crime the whole country should condemn."

Another religious leader said the Awa need protection.

"We are very worried about the Awa community," said Monsignor Gustavo Giron Higuita, the bishop of the city of Tumaco. "It is a community that is pretty unprotected and that in the past five years has received a type of persecution by armed groups."

The prelate said that although there were indications that the FARC was behind the killings, "we are not certain of that," El Pais said.

The Awas, he said, "are pacifist, want respect of their organization and want to regain their traditions. We have been accompanying them in this process, and that's why this hurts so much."

New York-based Human Rights Watch said group members have made numerous visits to Narino, which is one of Colombia's 32 departments, or states. Narino is in southwest Colombia, on the Pacific Ocean and the border with Ecuador.

The area has a heavy presence of various armed groups and Colombian military forces, and has among the worst human rights conditions in Colombia, the human rights group said. The Awa territories have been particularly affected.

The Colombian government has issued a "risk report," warning authorities that civilians in the region are at risk.

The FARC is said to have "confined" some villages, cutting them off from the outside world and not allowing anyone to enter or leave.

In another report Wednesday, ONIC, the indigenous human rights group in Colombia, said the FARC has abducted 120 Awas since February 4.

ONIC said the FARC kidnapped 20 Awa men, women and children February 4 from the Barbacoas area in Narino. The rebels returned the next day and grabbed children who had remained behind, ONIC said, according to Caracol Radio.

ONIC also reported that a number of Awa had been knifed to death.

The FARC, the largest and oldest guerrilla group in Colombia, has been waging war against the government since the 1960s.

Security analysts say the FARC has 9,000 to 12,000 armed guerillas and several thousand supporters, mostly in rural areas.

The guerrilla group operates mostly in Colombia but has carried out extortion, kidnappings, bombings and other activities in Venezuela, Panama and Ecuador.

text: BOGOTA

text: Colombia

text: CNN

text: Guerrillas

text: in

text: Colombia

text: tortured

text: and

text: killed

text: Indians

text: who

text: they

text: believed

text: were

text: helping

text: the

text: government

text: a

text: governor

text: and

text: two

text: human

text: rights

text: organizations

text: said

text: Wednesday

text: Marxist

text: rebels

text: with

text: the

text: Revolutionary

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: of

text: Colombia

text: known

text: as

text: FARC

text: swept

text: into

text: a

text: village

text: in

text: southwest

text: Colombia

text: last

text: week

text: and

text: abducted

text: an

text: undetermined

text: number

text: of

text: Awa

text: Indians

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Watch

text: said

text: The

text: guerrillas

text: tortured

text: and

text: killed

text: Awas

text: including

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: minors

text: the

text: human

text: rights

text: group

text: said

text: Another

text: human

text: rights

text: group

text: the

text: National

text: Indigenous

text: Organization

text: of

text: Colombia

text: or

text: ONIC

text: also

text: reported

text: the

text: allegations

text: Navarro

text: Wolff

text: the

text: governor

text: of

text: Narino

text: province

text: where

text: the

text: Awas

text: live

text: decried

text: the

text: reported

text: killings

text: The

text: guerrillas

text: took

text: several

text: families

text: recriminating

text: them

text: for

text: their

text: supposed

text: collaboration

text: with

text: the

text: army

text: Wolff

text: told

text: El

text: Pais

text: newspaper

text: A

text: young

text: man

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: escape

text: and

text: told

text: how

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: tied

text: Later

text: they

text: tortured

text: him

text: they

text: beat

text: him

text: and

text: they

text: killed

text: eight

text: with

text: with

text: a

text: knife

text: Nine

text: other

text: villagers

text: also

text: were

text: executed

text: unconfirmed

text: reports

text: said

text: The

text: allegations

text: are

text: based

text: partly

text: on

text: the

text: information

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: young

text: man

text: who

text: said

text: he

text: escaped

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Watch

text: also

text: said

text: it

text: received

text: reports

text: from

text: reliable

text: sources

text: whom

text: the

text: organization

text: did

text: not

text: name

text: These

text: cruel

text: killings

text: violate

text: the

text: most

text: basic

text: principles

text: of

text: human

text: decency

text: and

text: dignity

text: said

text: Jose

text: Miguel

text: Vivanco

text: the

text: Americas

text: director

text: at

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Watch

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: possible

text: excuse

text: or

text: justification

text: for

text: these

text: horrific

text: actions

text: The

text: remote

text: village

text: is

text: a

text: trip

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: nearest

text: large

text: town

text: and

text: no

text: independent

text: verification

text: has

text: been

text: obtained

text: Besides

text: the

text: unforgiving

text: terrain

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: land

text: mines

text: and

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: numerous

text: armed

text: groups

text: virtually

text: prevent

text: outsiders

text: from

text: visiting

text: the

text: area

text: Monsignor

text: Ruben

text: Salazar

text: Gomez

text: the

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Episcopal

text: Conference

text: of

text: Colombia

text: joined

text: the

text: chorus

text: of

text: criticism

text: alleging

text: a

text: crime

text: the

text: whole

text: country

text: should

text: condemn

text: Another

text: religious

text: leader

text: said

text: the

text: Awa

text: need

text: protection

text: We

text: are

text: very

text: worried

text: about

text: the

text: Awa

text: community

text: said

text: Monsignor

text: Gustavo

text: Giron

text: Higuita

text: the

text: bishop

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Tumaco

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: community

text: that

text: is

text: pretty

text: unprotected

text: and

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: five

text: years

text: has

text: received

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: persecution

text: by

text: armed

text: groups

text: The

text: prelate

text: said

text: that

text: although

text: there

text: were

text: indications

text: that

text: the

text: FARC

text: was

text: behind

text: the

text: killings

text: we

text: are

text: not

text: certain

text: of

text: that

text: El

text: Pais

text: said

text: The

text: Awas

text: he

text: said

text: are

text: pacifist

text: want

text: respect

text: of

text: their

text: organization

text: and

text: want

text: to

text: regain

text: their

text: traditions

text: We

text: have

text: been

text: accompanying

text: them

text: in

text: this

text: process

text: and

text: that

text: 's

text: why

text: this

text: hurts

text: so

text: much

text: New

text: York

text: based

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Watch

text: said

text: group

text: members

text: have

text: made

text: numerous

text: visits

text: to

text: Narino

text: which

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Colombia

text: 's

text: departments

text: or

text: states

text: Narino

text: is

text: in

text: southwest

text: Colombia

text: on

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: and

text: the

text: border

text: with

text: Ecuador

text: The

text: area

text: has

text: a

text: heavy

text: presence

text: of

text: various

text: armed

text: groups

text: and

text: Colombian

text: military

text: forces

text: and

text: has

text: among

text: the

text: worst

text: human

text: rights

text: conditions

text: in

text: Colombia

text: the

text: human

text: rights

text: group

text: said

text: The

text: Awa

text: territories

text: have

text: been

text: particularly

text: affected

text: The

text: Colombian

text: government

text: has

text: issued

text: a

text: risk

text: report

text: warning

text: authorities

text: that

text: civilians

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: are

text: at

text: risk

text: The

text: FARC

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: confined

text: some

text: villages

text: cutting

text: them

text: off

text: from

text: the

text: outside

text: world

text: and

text: not

text: allowing

text: anyone

text: to

text: enter

text: or

text: leave

text: In

text: another

text: report

text: Wednesday

text: ONIC

text: the

text: indigenous

text: human

text: rights

text: group

text: in

text: Colombia

text: said

text: the

text: FARC

text: has

text: abducted

text: Awas

text: since

text: February

text: ONIC

text: said

text: the

text: FARC

text: kidnapped

text: Awa

text: men

text: women

text: and

text: children

text: February

text: from

text: the

text: Barbacoas

text: area

text: in

text: Narino

text: The

text: rebels

text: returned

text: the

text: next

text: day

text: and

text: grabbed

text: children

text: who

text: had

text: remained

text: behind

text: ONIC

text: said

text: according

text: to

text: Caracol

text: Radio

text: ONIC

text: also

text: reported

text: that

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: Awa

text: had

text: been

text: knifed

text: to

text: death

text: The

text: FARC

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: oldest

text: guerrilla

text: group

text: in

text: Colombia

text: has

text: been

text: waging

text: war

text: against

text: the

text: government

text: since

text: the

text: Security

text: analysts

text: say

text: the

text: FARC

text: has

text: to

text: armed

text: guerillas

text: and

text: several

text: thousand

text: supporters

text: mostly

text: in

text: rural

text: areas

text: The

text: guerrilla

text: group

text: operates

text: mostly

text: in

text: Colombia

text: but

text: has

text: carried

text: out

text: extortion

text: kidnappings

text: bombings

text: and

text: other

text: activities

text: in

text: Venezuela

text: Panama

text: and

text: Ecuador

question: Who is accused of torture?

answer: Marxist rebels with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, known as FARC,

text: Marxist rebels with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, known as FARC,

question: How many Awas have been abducted?

answer: an undetermined number

text: an undetermined number

question: How many Awas have been abducted since February?

answer: 120

question: Who killed the Indians?

answer: Guerrillas in Colombia

text: Guerrillas in Colombia

question: What are the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia accused of?

answer: The guerrillas tortured and killed 17 Awas, including at least two minors,

text: The guerrillas tortured and killed 17 Awas, including at least two minors,

question: Who was accused of torture?

answer: Marxist rebels with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia,

text: Marxist rebels with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia,


text:
(CNN) -- Kim Clijsters defeated fellow comeback queen Justine Henin in the final of the Brisbane International on Saturday, saving two match-points and wasting three as she won an epic clash.

Henin, playing her first tournament since May 2008, fought back from a set and 4-1 down against her fellow Belgian before losing 6-3 4-6 7-6 (8-6) in almost two and a half hours.

However, Henin sustained an injury to her left leg and later confirmed on her Web site that she will miss next week's Sydney Invitational, where she faced a possible second-round clash with Serena Williams, in order to recover in time for the decade's first Grand Slam event, the Australian Open.

Clijsters, who made history in September as the first unseeded player to win the U.S. Open in her third event back on the WTA Tour following her own short-lived retirement, took control as she won eight straight games.

But fellow former world No. 1 Henin dug deep to level the match and then take a 3-0 lead in the deciding set.

The 26-year-old Clijsters battled back to tie it up at 3-3, and then both players squandered potentially match-winning break opportunities to ensure a tie-break.

Clijsters raced to a 5-1 lead, helped by her first ace of the match -- coming off a second serve -- but then missed three match-point chances at 6-3.

Henin again fought back to level at 6-6 but then her 11th double-fault gave Clijsters the chance to finally close out for victory, her 11th in 23 meeting between the two players.

Clijsters clinched her 36th WTA Tour title, leaving Henin stuck on 41.

"What a match!" Clijsters said. "I think we set the bar pretty high for ourselves for the rest of the year. Justine played at a really high level for the whole tournament, so congratulations."

Meanwhile, top seed Andy Roddick will play defending champion Radek Stepanek in Sunday's men's final at the Pat Rafter Arena.

Roddick came from behind to beat Stepanek's fellow Czech Tomas Berdych in the semifinals on Saturday, with the American winning 1-6 6-3 6-4 despite being broken for the first time in the tournament in his opening service game.

Second seed Stepanek won 6-2 6-1 against Frenchman Gael Monfils, who was struggling with a shoulder problem.

The world No. 13 told the tournament's Web site that he was unsure if he would take part in next week's Sydney International.

In New Zealand, third seed Yanina Wickmayer shrugged off her difficult end to 2009 by winning the ASB Classic in Auckland on Saturday.

The 20-year-old Belgian, who won her appeal against a one-year ban for failing to report her whereabouts for doping tests, defeated top seed Flavia Pennetta 6-3 6-2 to clinch her third WTA Tour title.

text: CNN

text: Kim

text: Clijsters

text: defeated

text: fellow

text: comeback

text: queen

text: Justine

text: Henin

text: in

text: the

text: final

text: of

text: the

text: Brisbane

text: International

text: on

text: Saturday

text: saving

text: two

text: match

text: points

text: and

text: wasting

text: three

text: as

text: she

text: won

text: an

text: epic

text: clash

text: Henin

text: playing

text: her

text: first

text: tournament

text: since

text: May

text: fought

text: back

text: from

text: a

text: set

text: and

text: down

text: against

text: her

text: fellow

text: Belgian

text: before

text: losing

text: in

text: almost

text: two

text: and

text: a

text: half

text: hours

text: However

text: Henin

text: sustained

text: an

text: injury

text: to

text: her

text: left

text: leg

text: and

text: later

text: confirmed

text: on

text: her

text: Web

text: site

text: that

text: she

text: will

text: miss

text: next

text: week

text: 's

text: Sydney

text: Invitational

text: where

text: she

text: faced

text: a

text: possible

text: second

text: round

text: clash

text: with

text: Serena

text: Williams

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: recover

text: in

text: time

text: for

text: the

text: decade

text: 's

text: first

text: Grand

text: Slam

text: event

text: the

text: Australian

text: Open

text: Clijsters

text: who

text: made

text: history

text: in

text: September

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: unseeded

text: player

text: to

text: win

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Open

text: in

text: her

text: third

text: event

text: back

text: on

text: the

text: WTA

text: Tour

text: following

text: her

text: own

text: short

text: lived

text: retirement

text: took

text: control

text: as

text: she

text: won

text: eight

text: straight

text: games

text: But

text: fellow

text: former

text: world

text: No

text: Henin

text: dug

text: deep

text: to

text: level

text: the

text: match

text: and

text: then

text: take

text: a

text: lead

text: in

text: the

text: deciding

text: set

text: The

text: old

text: Clijsters

text: battled

text: back

text: to

text: tie

text: it

text: up

text: at

text: and

text: then

text: both

text: players

text: squandered

text: potentially

text: match

text: winning

text: break

text: opportunities

text: to

text: ensure

text: a

text: tie

text: break

text: Clijsters

text: raced

text: to

text: a

text: lead

text: helped

text: by

text: her

text: first

text: ace

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text: the

text: match

text: coming

text: off

text: a

text: second

text: serve

text: but

text: then

text: missed

text: three

text: match

text: point

text: chances

text: at

text: Henin

text: again

text: fought

text: back

text: to

text: level

text: at

text: but

text: then

text: her

text: double

text: fault

text: gave

text: Clijsters

text: the

text: chance

text: to

text: finally

text: close

text: out

text: for

text: victory

text: her

text: in

text: meeting

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: players

text: Clijsters

text: clinched

text: her

text: WTA

text: Tour

text: title

text: leaving

text: Henin

text: stuck

text: on

text: What

text: a

text: match

text: Clijsters

text: said

text: I

text: think

text: we

text: set

text: the

text: bar

text: pretty

text: high

text: for

text: ourselves

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: Justine

text: played

text: at

text: a

text: really

text: high

text: level

text: for

text: the

text: whole

text: tournament

text: so

text: congratulations

text: Meanwhile

text: top

text: seed

text: Andy

text: Roddick

text: will

text: play

text: defending

text: champion

text: Radek

text: Stepanek

text: in

text: Sunday

text: 's

text: men

text: 's

text: final

text: at

text: the

text: Pat

text: Rafter

text: Arena

text: Roddick

text: came

text: from

text: behind

text: to

text: beat

text: Stepanek

text: 's

text: fellow

text: Czech

text: Tomas

text: Berdych

text: in

text: the

text: semifinals

text: on

text: Saturday

text: with

text: the

text: American

text: winning

text: despite

text: being

text: broken

text: for

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text: first

text: time

text: in

text: the

text: tournament

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text: his

text: opening

text: service

text: game

text: Second

text: seed

text: Stepanek

text: won

text: against

text: Frenchman

text: Gael

text: Monfils

text: who

text: was

text: struggling

text: with

text: a

text: shoulder

text: problem

text: The

text: world

text: No

text: told

text: the

text: tournament

text: 's

text: Web

text: site

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: unsure

text: if

text: he

text: would

text: take

text: part

text: in

text: next

text: week

text: 's

text: Sydney

text: International

text: In

text: New

text: Zealand

text: third

text: seed

text: Yanina

text: Wickmayer

text: shrugged

text: off

text: her

text: difficult

text: end

text: to

text: by

text: winning

text: the

text: ASB

text: Classic

text: in

text: Auckland

text: on

text: Saturday

text: The

text: old

text: Belgian

text: who

text: won

text: her

text: appeal

text: against

text: a

text: one

text: year

text: ban

text: for

text: failing

text: to

text: report

text: her

text: whereabouts

text: for

text: doping

text: tests

text: defeated

text: top

text: seed

text: Flavia

text: Pennetta

text: to

text: clinch

text: her

text: third

text: WTA

text: Tour

text: title

question: What does Kim beat?

answer: Justine Henin

text: Justine Henin

question: What were the scores in this game?

answer: 6-3 4-6 7-6 (8-6)

text: 6-3 4-6 7-6 (8-6)

question: Who beat Justine Henin in the final of the Brisbane International?

answer: Kim

text: Kim

question: Who is defending the championship?

answer: Andy Roddick

text: Andy Roddick

question: Who has suffered a leg injury?

answer: Justine Henin

text: Justine Henin


text:
NEW YORK (CNN) -- As Britain's Prince Harry neared the end of his second and final day in New York City on Saturday, he described his experiences as "fantastic."

Prince Harry smiles whilte touring the Harlem Children's Zone on Saturday during a 36-hour visit to New York.

The 24-year-old visited the Harlem Children's Zone, a nonprofit organization that offers free programs and classes in a low-income area, then went to Governors Island in New York Harbor to play in the Veuve Clicquot Manhattan Polo Classic.

Profits from the match will benefit Sentebale, a charity for orphans in Lesotho, Africa, a cause Harry's mother, Princess Diana, had promoted. The prince was accompanied by Prince Seeiso of Lesotho, who also lost his mother when he was young.

The men toured the Children's Zone with founder Geoffrey Canada, and spent time in a classroom where some students were studying for a math test. A 10-year-old girl sitting at a desk covered with drawing paper and colored markers gave Harry a picture.

"Is this for me?" Harry asked as he accepted it. Pointing to the desk and pens, he then asked, "You find yourself very lucky to have all this?" When she nodded, he replied "Good."

A young boy gave Harry a bowl containing a dish he had prepared, and the prince ate it while the child sounded off the ingredients. Throughout the classroom visit, the prince smiled and chatted easily with students.  Watch Soledad O'Brien's report on the Children's Zone Â»

Cheering people lined the street as Harry entered the building. As he left, reporters shouted questions.

Asked how he liked his first official visit overseas and meeting the children, the prince responded, "It's been fantastic -- really, really worthwhile."

"It's my first visit to New York. I'm hopeful I'll come back to visit again."

He also was asked whether he thought his appearances would change any image the public might have of him, apparently referring to some of his wild exploits ways when he was younger.

Those incidents included a one-day stint in drug rehab in 2002 and accusations of racism in January.

"I don't know what the image is of me. There is always the image that's been given to me, but people have their own opinions, it's the media that likes to stamp on the image which isn't really me."

On Friday, the youngest son of Princess Diana offered his condolences to September 11 victims at the former site of the World Trade Center. The prince met New York Gov. David Paterson and briefly spoke with family members of 9/11 victims. The prince then laid a wreath at the site and bowed his head in a moment of silence.  Watch Prince Harry's visit to Ground Zero Â»

He left a handwritten note tacked to the wreath, citing an "the courage shown by the people" of New York on September 11, 2001.

Harry later paid tribute to his fellow citizens at Lower Manhattan's British Garden at Hanover Square, where he honored the 67 British victims of the September 11 attacks, officials said.

The third in line for the British crown, Harry is active in the British Army. He received a promotion to lieutenant in April 2008 and is currently training for an Army Air Corps pilot position, according to the prince's Web site.

text: NEW

text: YORK

text: CNN

text: As

text: Britain

text: 's

text: Prince

text: Harry

text: neared

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: second

text: and

text: final

text: day

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: on

text: Saturday

text: he

text: described

text: his

text: experiences

text: as

text: fantastic

text: Prince

text: Harry

text: smiles

text: whilte

text: touring

text: the

text: Harlem

text: Children

text: 's

text: Zone

text: on

text: Saturday

text: during

text: a

text: visit

text: to

text: New

text: York

text: The

text: old

text: visited

text: the

text: Harlem

text: Children

text: 's

text: Zone

text: a

text: nonprofit

text: organization

text: that

text: offers

text: free

text: programs

text: and

text: classes

text: in

text: a

text: low

text: income

text: area

text: then

text: went

text: to

text: Governors

text: Island

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: Harbor

text: to

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: Veuve

text: Clicquot

text: Manhattan

text: Polo

text: Classic

text: Profits

text: from

text: the

text: match

text: will

text: benefit

text: Sentebale

text: a

text: charity

text: for

text: orphans

text: in

text: Lesotho

text: Africa

text: a

text: cause

text: Harry

text: 's

text: mother

text: Princess

text: Diana

text: had

text: promoted

text: The

text: prince

text: was

text: accompanied

text: by

text: Prince

text: Seeiso

text: of

text: Lesotho

text: who

text: also

text: lost

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text: mother

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text: he

text: was

text: young

text: The

text: men

text: toured

text: the

text: Children

text: 's

text: Zone

text: with

text: founder

text: Geoffrey

text: Canada

text: and

text: spent

text: time

text: in

text: a

text: classroom

text: where

text: some

text: students

text: were

text: studying

text: for

text: a

text: math

text: test

text: A

text: old

text: girl

text: sitting

text: at

text: a

text: desk

text: covered

text: with

text: drawing

text: paper

text: and

text: colored

text: markers

text: gave

text: Harry

text: a

text: picture

text: Is

text: this

text: for

text: me

text: Harry

text: asked

text: as

text: he

text: accepted

text: it

text: Pointing

text: to

text: the

text: desk

text: and

text: pens

text: he

text: then

text: asked

text: You

text: find

text: yourself

text: very

text: lucky

text: to

text: have

text: all

text: this

text: When

text: she

text: nodded

text: he

text: replied

text: Good

text: A

text: young

text: boy

text: gave

text: Harry

text: a

text: bowl

text: containing

text: a

text: dish

text: he

text: had

text: prepared

text: and

text: the

text: prince

text: ate

text: it

text: while

text: the

text: child

text: sounded

text: off

text: the

text: ingredients

text: Throughout

text: the

text: classroom

text: visit

text: the

text: prince

text: smiled

text: and

text: chatted

text: easily

text: with

text: students

text: Watch

text: Soledad

text: O'Brien

text: 's

text: report

text: on

text: the

text: Children

text: 's

text: Zone

text: Â

text: Cheering

text: people

text: lined

text: the

text: street

text: as

text: Harry

text: entered

text: the

text: building

text: As

text: he

text: left

text: reporters

text: shouted

text: questions

text: Asked

text: how

text: he

text: liked

text: his

text: first

text: official

text: visit

text: overseas

text: and

text: meeting

text: the

text: children

text: the

text: prince

text: responded

text: It

text: 's

text: been

text: fantastic

text: really

text: really

text: worthwhile

text: It

text: 's

text: my

text: first

text: visit

text: to

text: New

text: York

text: I

text: 'm

text: hopeful

text: I

text: 'll

text: come

text: back

text: to

text: visit

text: again

text: He

text: also

text: was

text: asked

text: whether

text: he

text: thought

text: his

text: appearances

text: would

text: change

text: any

text: image

text: the

text: public

text: might

text: have

text: of

text: him

text: apparently

text: referring

text: to

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: wild

text: exploits

text: ways

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: younger

text: Those

text: incidents

text: included

text: a

text: one

text: day

text: stint

text: in

text: drug

text: rehab

text: in

text: and

text: accusations

text: of

text: racism

text: in

text: January

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: know

text: what

text: the

text: image

text: is

text: of

text: me

text: There

text: is

text: always

text: the

text: image

text: that

text: 's

text: been

text: given

text: to

text: me

text: but

text: people

text: have

text: their

text: own

text: opinions

text: it

text: 's

text: the

text: media

text: that

text: likes

text: to

text: stamp

text: on

text: the

text: image

text: which

text: is

text: n't

text: really

text: me

text: On

text: Friday

text: the

text: youngest

text: son

text: of

text: Princess

text: Diana

text: offered

text: his

text: condolences

text: to

text: September

text: victims

text: at

text: the

text: former

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Trade

text: Center

text: The

text: prince

text: met

text: New

text: York

text: Gov.

text: David

text: Paterson

text: and

text: briefly

text: spoke

text: with

text: family

text: members

text: of

text: victims

text: The

text: prince

text: then

text: laid

text: a

text: wreath

text: at

text: the

text: site

text: and

text: bowed

text: his

text: head

text: in

text: a

text: moment

text: of

text: silence

text: Watch

text: Prince

text: Harry

text: 's

text: visit

text: to

text: Ground

text: Zero

text: Â

text: He

text: left

text: a

text: handwritten

text: note

text: tacked

text: to

text: the

text: wreath

text: citing

text: an

text: the

text: courage

text: shown

text: by

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: on

text: September

text: Harry

text: later

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text: Hanover

text: Square

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text: British

text: crown

text: Harry

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text: in

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text: British

text: Army

text: He

text: received

text: a

text: promotion

text: to

text: lieutenant

text: in

text: April

text: and

text: is

text: currently

text: training

text: for

text: an

text: Army

text: Air

text: Corps

text: pilot

text: position

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: prince

text: 's

text: Web

text: site

question: Where does Prince Harry visit?

answer: New York City

text: New York City

question: What does the Prince take part in?

answer: touring the Harlem Children's Zone

text: touring the Harlem Children's Zone

question: who visit Prince Harry?

answer: Seeiso of Lesotho,

text: Seeiso of Lesotho,

question: Prince Harry takes part in what Manhattan sport?

answer: Polo

text: Polo

question: What did Prince Harry say about his first trip to New York?

answer: "fantastic."

text: "fantastic."


text:
LONDON, England (CNN) -- Football dignitaries gathered in Sheffield, northern England, on Wednesday to kick off the 150th birthday celebrations of Sheffield FC -- the sport's oldest club.

FIFA chief Blatter was among those in Sheffield to kick off the 150th birthday celebrations of football's oldest club.

Guests of honor at a service at Sheffield Cathedral included Sepp Blatter, president of football world governing body FIFA, and Massimo Moratti, president of Italian giants Inter Milan who are scheduled to play a friendly against Sheffield FC next month.

Other guests attending a dinner in the club's honor included Real Madrid President Ramon Calderon and England and Manchester United legend Bobby Charlton.

Pele -- widely recognized as the greatest footballer ever to play the game -- is also due in town next month to attend Sheffield FC's clash with Inter.

Blatter was unveiling a bust of the club's co-founder William Prest -- one of two cricket fans who founded Sheffield FC, then known simply as Sheffield Club, on October 24, 1857 after deciding they needed a new sport to keep them active during the winter.

Many more football clubs soon sprung up and by 1862 there were said to be 15 in and around the Sheffield area.

The Football Association -- which codified the basic rules of the modern game -- was established in London the following year.

Sheffield FC was instrumental in developing set rules for the game. The club studied existing rules and laid down a code of laws, which formed the foundation of the first commonly-accepted set of rules for the sport, according to the Sheffield FC Web site.

The team was also responsible for several innovations in the game -- including heading, which was unheard of until 1875, when Sheffield traveled to London for a game.

According to the team's Web site, the sight of the Sheffield players using their foreheads in addition to their feet reduced the London crowd to hysterics.

Other innovations attributed to the team include the solid crossbar on the goal, corner kicks, free kicks for fouls, and playing a match under floodlights.

Despite its celebrated place in the history of the world's most popular sport, Sheffield FC has never played at a professional level. The club currently competes in the Unibond League's First Division South, seven divisions beneath the English Premier League.

The city of Sheffield has two professional clubs -- United and Wednesday -- who both currently play in English football's second tier, the Coca-Cola Championship.

Sheffield FC's proudest achievement on the pitch came in 1904 when the team beat Ealing 3-1 to win the FA Amateur Cup in front of 6,000 people.

But 100 years later in 2004, Blatter presented Sheffield FC with FIFA's "Order of Merit" -- an honor previously awarded only to the nine-time European champions Real Madrid. E-mail to a friend

text: LONDON

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text: history

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text: club

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text: in

text: the

text: Unibond

text: League

text: 's

text: First

text: Division

text: South

text: seven

text: divisions

text: beneath

text: the

text: English

text: Premier

text: League

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Sheffield

text: has

text: two

text: professional

text: clubs

text: United

text: and

text: Wednesday

text: who

text: both

text: currently

text: play

text: in

text: English

text: football

text: 's

text: second

text: tier

text: the

text: Coca

text: Cola

text: Championship

text: Sheffield

text: FC

text: 's

text: proudest

text: achievement

text: on

text: the

text: pitch

text: came

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: team

text: beat

text: Ealing

text: to

text: win

text: the

text: FA

text: Amateur

text: Cup

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: people

text: But

text: years

text: later

text: in

text: Blatter

text: presented

text: Sheffield

text: FC

text: with

text: FIFA

text: 's

text: Order

text: of

text: Merit

text: an

text: honor

text: previously

text: awarded

text: only

text: to

text: the

text: nine

text: time

text: European

text: champions

text: Real

text: Madrid

text: E

text: mail

text: to

text: a

text: friend

question: who has been recognised as oldest football club?

answer: Sheffield FC

text: Sheffield FC

question: What other team has won the Order of Merit?

answer: Sheffield FC

text: Sheffield FC

question: who was amongt guests?

answer: FIFA chief Blatter

text: FIFA chief Blatter

question: Who is the FIFA president?

answer: Sepp Blatter,

text: Sepp Blatter,

question: What president was among the guests marking Sheffield FC's 150 years?

answer: Sepp Blatter,

text: Sepp Blatter,

question: What was recognized as the oldest football club in the world?

answer: Sheffield FC

text: Sheffield FC

question: Who is FIFA President?

answer: Sepp Blatter,

text: Sepp Blatter,

question: What team is the oldest football club in the world?

answer: Sheffield FC

text: Sheffield FC

question: What is the oldest football club in the world?

answer: Sheffield FC

text: Sheffield FC

question: who won the fifa order of merit?

answer: Sheffield FC

text: Sheffield FC

question: What is FIFA's Order of Merit?

answer: an honor previously awarded only to the nine-time European champions Real Madrid.

text: an honor previously awarded only to the nine-time European champions Real Madrid.

question: who was the president of fifa?

answer: Sepp Blatter,

text: Sepp Blatter,


text:
Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida (CNN) -- Weather and time have inflicted more damage to Fort Jefferson than hostile cannon fire ever did.

The crumbling citadel rises 40 feet from the turquoise water of the Gulf of Mexico, an outpost of a bygone era. Built on an island in Florida's Dry Tortugas, 70 miles past Key West, the fort is being restored by a squad of craftsmen who spend three-week shifts there between hurricane seasons.

A cocoon of mesh and scaffolding shrouds one section of its 8-foot-thick walls as they work. It's a grueling job, but it's one Dennis Wood, a mason from Massachusetts, says he's glad to have.

"Things are slow today, you know," Wood said. "Got a job offer to come down here for the winter, so we took it."

Efforts to restore Fort Jefferson have been under way for about 30 years. The current phase received a boost from the economic stimulus bill that passed Congress in 2009, which devoted $7 million to the project. But planners estimate another $13 million is needed, and that money has yet to be allocated.

The six-sided fort, roughly the size of Yankee Stadium, was designed to protect shipping lanes through the Gulf of Mexico. Construction began in 1846, but advancements in the science of artillery rendered it obsolete before it was finished. During the Civil War, the Confederacy never bothered to try to seize it from Union forces.

The Union kept a garrison of about 2,000 men there and used it mostly as a prison for Confederate captives and deserters. It wasn't until after the war that it received its most famous inmate -- Samuel Mudd, the Maryland doctor convicted of aiding Abraham Lincoln's assassin, John Wilkes Booth, by setting his broken leg.

Mudd served more than three years at Fort Jefferson before receiving a pardon in 1869. The Army abandoned the fort in 1874, but the islands served as a staging area for U.S. warships during the Spanish-American War in 1898 and housed a seaplane base during World War I.

It takes a 2 1/2-hour ride on a catamaran ferry to get to Fort Jefferson. The installation and the surrounding national park draw about 52,000 visitors a year, according to the National Park Service. But more than a century and a half of hurricanes and salt air have taken their toll on the massive walls.

The iron shutters that shielded the fort's guns have expanded as they rust, cracking and displacing the surrounding walls.

Wood, the six other masons and eight laborers who are working to restore Fort Jefferson were unemployed before this job, said Ken Uracius, the project manager for Enola Contracting Inc., which is doing the work. Uracius estimates about 100 people see some sort of work from the project.

"I have boat captains," he said. "I have people running the boat that brought you out here. I have brick makers, I have cement makers."

Work has gone on periodically for the past 30 years and is likely to go on for many more. But the Park Service says it's important to save a unique monument.

"If we lose Fort Jefferson, that's it," said Kelly Clark, who oversees the reconstruction project for the Park Service. "There are no other Fort Jeffersons."

text: Dry

text: Tortugas

text: National

text: Park

text: Florida

text: CNN

text: Weather

text: and

text: time

text: have

text: inflicted

text: more

text: damage

text: to

text: Fort

text: Jefferson

text: than

text: hostile

text: cannon

text: fire

text: ever

text: did

text: The

text: crumbling

text: citadel

text: rises

text: feet

text: from

text: the

text: turquoise

text: water

text: of

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Mexico

text: an

text: outpost

text: of

text: a

text: bygone

text: era

text: Built

text: on

text: an

text: island

text: in

text: Florida

text: 's

text: Dry

text: Tortugas

text: miles

text: past

text: Key

text: West

text: the

text: fort

text: is

text: being

text: restored

text: by

text: a

text: squad

text: of

text: craftsmen

text: who

text: spend

text: three

text: week

text: shifts

text: there

text: between

text: hurricane

text: seasons

text: A

text: cocoon

text: of

text: mesh

text: and

text: scaffolding

text: shrouds

text: one

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text: of

text: its

text: thick

text: walls

text: as

text: they

text: work

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: grueling

text: job

text: but

text: it

text: 's

text: one

text: Dennis

text: Wood

text: a

text: mason

text: from

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text: says

text: he

text: 's

text: glad

text: to

text: have

text: Things

text: are

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text: today

text: you

text: know

text: Wood

text: said

text: Got

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text: job

text: offer

text: to

text: come

text: down

text: here

text: for

text: the

text: winter

text: so

text: we

text: took

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text: Efforts

text: to

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text: Jefferson

text: have

text: been

text: under

text: way

text: for

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text: years

text: The

text: current

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text: a

text: boost

text: from

text: the

text: economic

text: stimulus

text: bill

text: that

text: passed

text: Congress

text: in

text: which

text: devoted

text: million

text: to

text: the

text: project

text: But

text: planners

text: estimate

text: another

text: million

text: is

text: needed

text: and

text: that

text: money

text: has

text: yet

text: to

text: be

text: allocated

text: The

text: six

text: sided

text: fort

text: roughly

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: Yankee

text: Stadium

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: protect

text: shipping

text: lanes

text: through

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Mexico

text: Construction

text: began

text: in

text: but

text: advancements

text: in

text: the

text: science

text: of

text: artillery

text: rendered

text: it

text: obsolete

text: before

text: it

text: was

text: finished

text: During

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: the

text: Confederacy

text: never

text: bothered

text: to

text: try

text: to

text: seize

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text: from

text: Union

text: forces

text: The

text: Union

text: kept

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text: garrison

text: of

text: about

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text: there

text: and

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text: mostly

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text: a

text: prison

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text: It

text: was

text: n't

text: until

text: after

text: the

text: war

text: that

text: it

text: received

text: its

text: most

text: famous

text: inmate

text: Samuel

text: Mudd

text: the

text: Maryland

text: doctor

text: convicted

text: of

text: aiding

text: Abraham

text: Lincoln

text: 's

text: assassin

text: John

text: Wilkes

text: Booth

text: by

text: setting

text: his

text: broken

text: leg

text: Mudd

text: served

text: more

text: than

text: three

text: years

text: at

text: Fort

text: Jefferson

text: before

text: receiving

text: a

text: pardon

text: in

text: The

text: Army

text: abandoned

text: the

text: fort

text: in

text: but

text: the

text: islands

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: staging

text: area

text: for

text: U.S.

text: warships

text: during

text: the

text: Spanish

text: American

text: War

text: in

text: and

text: housed

text: a

text: seaplane

text: base

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: I.

text: It

text: takes

text: a

text: ride

text: on

text: a

text: catamaran

text: ferry

text: to

text: get

text: to

text: Fort

text: Jefferson

text: The

text: installation

text: and

text: the

text: surrounding

text: national

text: park

text: draw

text: about

text: visitors

text: a

text: year

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Park

text: Service

text: But

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: century

text: and

text: a

text: half

text: of

text: hurricanes

text: and

text: salt

text: air

text: have

text: taken

text: their

text: toll

text: on

text: the

text: massive

text: walls

text: The

text: iron

text: shutters

text: that

text: shielded

text: the

text: fort

text: 's

text: guns

text: have

text: expanded

text: as

text: they

text: rust

text: cracking

text: and

text: displacing

text: the

text: surrounding

text: walls

text: Wood

text: the

text: six

text: other

text: masons

text: and

text: eight

text: laborers

text: who

text: are

text: working

text: to

text: restore

text: Fort

text: Jefferson

text: were

text: unemployed

text: before

text: this

text: job

text: said

text: Ken

text: Uracius

text: the

text: project

text: manager

text: for

text: Enola

text: Contracting

text: Inc.

text: which

text: is

text: doing

text: the

text: work

text: Uracius

text: estimates

text: about

text: people

text: see

text: some

text: sort

text: of

text: work

text: from

text: the

text: project

text: I

text: have

text: boat

text: captains

text: he

text: said

text: I

text: have

text: people

text: running

text: the

text: boat

text: that

text: brought

text: you

text: out

text: here

text: I

text: have

text: brick

text: makers

text: I

text: have

text: cement

text: makers

text: Work

text: has

text: gone

text: on

text: periodically

text: for

text: the

text: past

text: years

text: and

text: is

text: likely

text: to

text: go

text: on

text: for

text: many

text: more

text: But

text: the

text: Park

text: Service

text: says

text: it

text: 's

text: important

text: to

text: save

text: a

text: unique

text: monument

text: If

text: we

text: lose

text: Fort

text: Jefferson

text: that

text: 's

text: it

text: said

text: Kelly

text: Clark

text: who

text: oversees

text: the

text: reconstruction

text: project

text: for

text: the

text: Park

text: Service

text: There

text: are

text: no

text: other

text: Fort

text: Jeffersons

question: what became obsolete

answer: Fort Jefferson

text: Fort Jefferson

question: For what reason did the fort become obsolete before it was even finished

answer: advancements in the science of artillery

text: advancements in the science of artillery

question: Where is Fort Jefferson located?

answer: an island in Florida's Dry Tortugas, 70 miles past Key West,

text: an island in Florida's Dry Tortugas, 70 miles past Key West,

question: What did the fort become?

answer: unique monument.

text: unique monument.

question: What have taken their toll?

answer: more than a century and a half of hurricanes and salt air

text: more than a century and a half of hurricanes and salt air


text:
LONDON, England (CNN) -- Archaeologists have discovered what they say is the oldest surviving human brain in Britain, dating back at least 2,000 years to the Iron Age.

A representation of the skull generated from the CT scans taken at York Hospital.

The remains of the brain were found in a skull unearthed during excavations at York University in northern England, a statement from the university said Friday.

The dig site was described by investigators from York Archaeological Trust as being in an extensive prehistoric farming landscape of fields, track ways and buildings dating back to at least 300 BC.

They believe the skull, which was found on its own in a muddy pit, may have been a ritual offering.

Rachel Cubitt, who was taking part in the dig, described how she felt something move inside the cranium as she cleaned the soil-covered skull's outer surface. Peering through the base of the skull, she spotted an unusual yellow substance.

"It jogged my memory of a university lecture on the rare survival of ancient brain tissue. We gave the skull special conservation treatment as a result, and sought expert medical opinion," she said in a statement on York University's Web site.

A sophisticated CT scanner at York Hospital was then used to produce startlingly clear images of the skull's contents.

Philip Duffey, Consultant Neurologist at the Hospital said: "I'm amazed and excited that scanning has shown structures which appear to be unequivocally of brain origin. I think that it will be very important to establish how these structures have survived, whether there are traces of biological material within them and, if not, what is their composition."

Dr Sonia O'Connor, Research Fellow in Archaeological Sciences at the University of Bradford added: "The survival of brain remains where no other soft tissues are preserved is extremely rare. This brain is particularly exciting because it is very well preserved, even though it is the oldest recorded find of this type in the UK, and one of the earliest worldwide."

According to York University, the find is the second major discovery during archaeological investigations on the site of the University's $745 million campus expansion. Earlier this year, the skeleton of a man believed to be one of Britain's earliest victims of tuberculosis was discovered in a shallow grave. Radiocarbon dating suggests that the man died in the fourth century late-Roman period.

text: LONDON

text: England

text: CNN

text: Archaeologists

text: have

text: discovered

text: what

text: they

text: say

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: surviving

text: human

text: brain

text: in

text: Britain

text: dating

text: back

text: at

text: least

text: years

text: to

text: the

text: Iron

text: Age

text: A

text: representation

text: of

text: the

text: skull

text: generated

text: from

text: the

text: CT

text: scans

text: taken

text: at

text: York

text: Hospital

text: The

text: remains

text: of

text: the

text: brain

text: were

text: found

text: in

text: a

text: skull

text: unearthed

text: during

text: excavations

text: at

text: York

text: University

text: in

text: northern

text: England

text: a

text: statement

text: from

text: the

text: university

text: said

text: Friday

text: The

text: dig

text: site

text: was

text: described

text: by

text: investigators

text: from

text: York

text: Archaeological

text: Trust

text: as

text: being

text: in

text: an

text: extensive

text: prehistoric

text: farming

text: landscape

text: of

text: fields

text: track

text: ways

text: and

text: buildings

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: at

text: least

text: BC

text: They

text: believe

text: the

text: skull

text: which

text: was

text: found

text: on

text: its

text: own

text: in

text: a

text: muddy

text: pit

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: ritual

text: offering

text: Rachel

text: Cubitt

text: who

text: was

text: taking

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: dig

text: described

text: how

text: she

text: felt

text: something

text: move

text: inside

text: the

text: cranium

text: as

text: she

text: cleaned

text: the

text: soil

text: covered

text: skull

text: 's

text: outer

text: surface

text: Peering

text: through

text: the

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: skull

text: she

text: spotted

text: an

text: unusual

text: yellow

text: substance

text: It

text: jogged

text: my

text: memory

text: of

text: a

text: university

text: lecture

text: on

text: the

text: rare

text: survival

text: of

text: ancient

text: brain

text: tissue

text: We

text: gave

text: the

text: skull

text: special

text: conservation

text: treatment

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: and

text: sought

text: expert

text: medical

text: opinion

text: she

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: statement

text: on

text: York

text: University

text: 's

text: Web

text: site

text: A

text: sophisticated

text: CT

text: scanner

text: at

text: York

text: Hospital

text: was

text: then

text: used

text: to

text: produce

text: startlingly

text: clear

text: images

text: of

text: the

text: skull

text: 's

text: contents

text: Philip

text: Duffey

text: Consultant

text: Neurologist

text: at

text: the

text: Hospital

text: said

text: I

text: 'm

text: amazed

text: and

text: excited

text: that

text: scanning

text: has

text: shown

text: structures

text: which

text: appear

text: to

text: be

text: unequivocally

text: of

text: brain

text: origin

text: I

text: think

text: that

text: it

text: will

text: be

text: very

text: important

text: to

text: establish

text: how

text: these

text: structures

text: have

text: survived

text: whether

text: there

text: are

text: traces

text: of

text: biological

text: material

text: within

text: them

text: and

text: if

text: not

text: what

text: is

text: their

text: composition

text: Dr

text: Sonia

text: O'Connor

text: Research

text: Fellow

text: in

text: Archaeological

text: Sciences

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Bradford

text: added

text: The

text: survival

text: of

text: brain

text: remains

text: where

text: no

text: other

text: soft

text: tissues

text: are

text: preserved

text: is

text: extremely

text: rare

text: This

text: brain

text: is

text: particularly

text: exciting

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: very

text: well

text: preserved

text: even

text: though

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: recorded

text: find

text: of

text: this

text: type

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: worldwide

text: According

text: to

text: York

text: University

text: the

text: find

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: major

text: discovery

text: during

text: archaeological

text: investigations

text: on

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: 's

text: million

text: campus

text: expansion

text: Earlier

text: this

text: year

text: the

text: skeleton

text: of

text: a

text: man

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: one

text: of

text: Britain

text: 's

text: earliest

text: victims

text: of

text: tuberculosis

text: was

text: discovered

text: in

text: a

text: shallow

text: grave

text: Radiocarbon

text: dating

text: suggests

text: that

text: the

text: man

text: died

text: in

text: the

text: fourth

text: century

text: late

text: Roman

text: period

question: What phenomenon is rare with this skull?

answer: "The survival of brain remains where no other soft tissues are preserved is extremely

text: "The survival of brain remains where no other soft tissues are preserved is extremely

question: Does this type of thing happen a lot?

answer: "The survival of brain remains where no other soft tissues are preserved is extremely rare.

text: "The survival of brain remains where no other soft tissues are preserved is extremely rare.

question: Which campus was the skull found on?

answer: York University

text: York University

question: What was found on campus?

answer: remains of the brain

text: remains of the brain

question: Where was the skull found?

answer: York University in northern England,

text: York University in northern England,

question: What was inside the skull?

answer: brain

text: brain

question: What was the substance found to be?

answer: remains of the brain

text: remains of the brain