text:
New York (CNN) -- Miss USA Rima Fakih is a Muslim with Lebanese heritage, but her family is "not defined by religion," Fakih said.

"I'm an American girl," Fakih said. "And just to be clear, my family comes from many different backgrounds and religions."

The newest Miss USA, crowned last weekend, was interviewed Wednesday for HLN's "The Joy Behar Show."

Fakih downplayed the significance of photographs that emerged online this week showing her dancing against a stripper's pole.

"Everyone took them as if I was stripping, which to be honest with you was just a competition," she said. "It was more of an event held by a radio station."

THIS JUST IN: Is Miss USA a Muslim trailblazer?

The Detroit, Michigan, radio station promotion held three years ago was like a class to help women "learn how to dance and feel sexy," she told Behar.

The photos show her dancing in short pants.

"To be extra funny, because I'm known to be silly, I put money in my bra," she said.

The controversy, however, has made her name a top search term on the internet, she said.

"Yeah, I'm the number one person on Yahoo or Google, I heard," she said.

Cheesecake photos helped last year's Miss USA runner-up, Carrie Prejean, become well known, but she was eventually stripped of her Miss California crown when racier images emerged.

Behar asked Fakih if there were any such photos of her that might eventually surface.

"Nothing at all," she said. "I've always been known to be very respectful to my family and my reputation."

The stripper pole photos did not upset her family, she said.

"They're very proud of me," she said. "They take it as if I'm not up there for beauty, or to pose in a bathing suit, but for something more significant -- for being beautiful on the inside, for being wise."

Fakih was born in Lebanon, but her family moved to New York when she was young. She moved to Michigan in 2003, where she attended the University of Michigan.

"My family comes from a Muslim background, and we're not defined by religion," she said. "I would like to say we're a spiritual liberal family."

Fakih will represent the United States in the Miss Universe pageant to take place in Las Vegas, Nevada, in August.

text: New

text: York

text: CNN

text: Miss

text: USA

text: Rima

text: Fakih

text: is

text: a

text: Muslim

text: with

text: Lebanese

text: heritage

text: but

text: her

text: family

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text: by

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text: Fakih

text: said

text: I

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text: American

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text: said

text: And

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text: be

text: clear

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text: family

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text: from

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text: backgrounds

text: and

text: religions

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text: newest

text: Miss

text: USA

text: crowned

text: last

text: weekend

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text: interviewed

text: Wednesday

text: for

text: HLN

text: 's

text: The

text: Joy

text: Behar

text: Show

text: Fakih

text: downplayed

text: the

text: significance

text: of

text: photographs

text: that

text: emerged

text: online

text: this

text: week

text: showing

text: her

text: dancing

text: against

text: a

text: stripper

text: 's

text: pole

text: Everyone

text: took

text: them

text: as

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text: was

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text: JUST

text: IN

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text: radio

text: station

text: promotion

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text: three

text: years

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text: class

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text: she

text: told

text: Behar

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text: photos

text: show

text: her

text: dancing

text: in

text: short

text: pants

text: To

text: be

text: extra

text: funny

text: because

text: I

text: 'm

text: known

text: to

text: be

text: silly

text: I

text: put

text: money

text: in

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text: bra

text: she

text: said

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text: controversy

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text: has

text: made

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text: name

text: a

text: top

text: search

text: term

text: on

text: the

text: internet

text: she

text: said

text: Yeah

text: I

text: 'm

text: the

text: number

text: one

text: person

text: on

text: Yahoo

text: or

text: Google

text: I

text: heard

text: she

text: said

text: Cheesecake

text: photos

text: helped

text: last

text: year

text: 's

text: Miss

text: USA

text: runner

text: up

text: Carrie

text: Prejean

text: become

text: well

text: known

text: but

text: she

text: was

text: eventually

text: stripped

text: of

text: her

text: Miss

text: California

text: crown

text: when

text: racier

text: images

text: emerged

text: Behar

text: asked

text: Fakih

text: if

text: there

text: were

text: any

text: such

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text: of

text: her

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text: might

text: eventually

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text: Nothing

text: at

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text: she

text: said

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text: 've

text: always

text: been

text: known

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text: be

text: very

text: respectful

text: to

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text: family

text: and

text: my

text: reputation

text: The

text: stripper

text: pole

text: photos

text: did

text: not

text: upset

text: her

text: family

text: she

text: said

text: They

text: 're

text: very

text: proud

text: of

text: me

text: she

text: said

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text: take

text: it

text: as

text: if

text: I

text: 'm

text: not

text: up

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text: beauty

text: or

text: to

text: pose

text: in

text: a

text: bathing

text: suit

text: but

text: for

text: something

text: more

text: significant

text: for

text: being

text: beautiful

text: on

text: the

text: inside

text: for

text: being

text: wise

text: Fakih

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Lebanon

text: but

text: her

text: family

text: moved

text: to

text: New

text: York

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text: she

text: was

text: young

text: She

text: moved

text: to

text: Michigan

text: in

text: where

text: she

text: attended

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: My

text: family

text: comes

text: from

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text: Muslim

text: background

text: and

text: we

text: 're

text: not

text: defined

text: by

text: religion

text: she

text: said

text: I

text: would

text: like

text: to

text: say

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text: 're

text: a

text: spiritual

text: liberal

text: family

text: Fakih

text: will

text: represent

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: Miss

text: Universe

text: pageant

text: to

text: take

text: place

text: in

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: Nevada

text: in

text: August

question: What background is her family from?

answer: many different

text: many different

question: What was a part of radio station promotion?

answer: "learn how to dance and feel sexy,"

text: "learn how to dance and feel sexy,"

question: Who is Miss USA?

answer: Rima Fakih

text: Rima Fakih

question: who said that pole-dancing pictures were part of radio station promotion?

answer: Rima Fakih

text: Rima Fakih

question: who downplays downplays significance of photographs that emerged online this week?

answer: Miss USA Rima Fakih

text: Miss USA Rima Fakih

question: Which background does she say her family is from?

answer: many different

text: many different

question: Who downplayed the significance of photographs?

answer: Fakih

text: Fakih

question: What were the pictures of?

answer: dancing against a stripper's pole.

text: dancing against a stripper's pole.

question: is she from a muslim background?

answer: a

text: a


text:
(CNN) -- Move over, Emma. There's a new queen in town.

Isabella dethroned Emma as the top name for girls born last year, according to the Social Security Administration's annual list of most popular baby names, released Saturday.

Jacob, on the other hand, held on as the most popular boy's name for the 11th year in a row.

The Social Security Administration started compiling name lists in 1997. And as in years past, the influence of pop culture is reflected in the names picked for newborns.

The boy's name that rocketed up the list the fastest is Cullen -- the name of the lead character in the popular "Twilight" book series.

Cullen's girlfriend in the books is Bella, short for Isabella.

On the girls' side, the fastest riser is Maliyah, an altered version of the name of President Obama's daughter Malia -- which also is among the top 10 fast risers.

But parents are equally quick to drop celebrity-inspired names once they think the popularity is passe.

Among the biggest drops last year were Mylee and Miley, as in singer Miley Cyrus.

Also on the outs: Lindsay and Jonas (think actress Lindsay Lohan and the band Jonas Brothers).

Meanwhile, Barack continued to move up the list. Sixty-nine Baracks were born in 2009, the agency said.

As always, religious names retained their popularity -- even if some were somewhat unconventional.

Among the popular names are Nevaeh (heaven spelled backward) for girls, and Messiah for boys.

The 10 most popular girls' names, in order, are: Isabella, Emma, Olivia, Sophia, Ava, Emily, Madison, Abigail, Chloe and Mia.

The 10 most popular boys' name, also in order, are: Jacob, Ethan, Michael, Alexander, William, Joshua, Daniel, Jayden, Noah and Anthony.

text: CNN

text: Move

text: over

text: Emma

text: There

text: 's

text: a

text: new

text: queen

text: in

text: town

text: Isabella

text: dethroned

text: Emma

text: as

text: the

text: top

text: name

text: for

text: girls

text: born

text: last

text: year

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Social

text: Security

text: Administration

text: 's

text: annual

text: list

text: of

text: most

text: popular

text: baby

text: names

text: released

text: Saturday

text: Jacob

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: held

text: on

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: boy

text: 's

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: year

text: in

text: a

text: row

text: The

text: Social

text: Security

text: Administration

text: started

text: compiling

text: name

text: lists

text: in

text: And

text: as

text: in

text: years

text: past

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: pop

text: culture

text: is

text: reflected

text: in

text: the

text: names

text: picked

text: for

text: newborns

text: The

text: boy

text: 's

text: name

text: that

text: rocketed

text: up

text: the

text: list

text: the

text: fastest

text: is

text: Cullen

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: lead

text: character

text: in

text: the

text: popular

text: Twilight

text: book

text: series

text: Cullen

text: 's

text: girlfriend

text: in

text: the

text: books

text: is

text: Bella

text: short

text: for

text: Isabella

text: On

text: the

text: girls

text: side

text: the

text: fastest

text: riser

text: is

text: Maliyah

text: an

text: altered

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: President

text: Obama

text: 's

text: daughter

text: Malia

text: which

text: also

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: top

text: fast

text: risers

text: But

text: parents

text: are

text: equally

text: quick

text: to

text: drop

text: celebrity

text: inspired

text: names

text: once

text: they

text: think

text: the

text: popularity

text: is

text: passe

text: Among

text: the

text: biggest

text: drops

text: last

text: year

text: were

text: Mylee

text: and

text: Miley

text: as

text: in

text: singer

text: Miley

text: Cyrus

text: Also

text: on

text: the

text: outs

text: Lindsay

text: and

text: Jonas

text: think

text: actress

text: Lindsay

text: Lohan

text: and

text: the

text: band

text: Jonas

text: Brothers

text: Meanwhile

text: Barack

text: continued

text: to

text: move

text: up

text: the

text: list

text: Sixty

text: nine

text: Baracks

text: were

text: born

text: in

text: the

text: agency

text: said

text: As

text: always

text: religious

text: names

text: retained

text: their

text: popularity

text: even

text: if

text: some

text: were

text: somewhat

text: unconventional

text: Among

text: the

text: popular

text: names

text: are

text: Nevaeh

text: heaven

text: spelled

text: backward

text: for

text: girls

text: and

text: Messiah

text: for

text: boys

text: The

text: most

text: popular

text: girls

text: names

text: in

text: order

text: are

text: Isabella

text: Emma

text: Olivia

text: Sophia

text: Ava

text: Emily

text: Madison

text: Abigail

text: Chloe

text: and

text: Mia

text: The

text: most

text: popular

text: boys

text: name

text: also

text: in

text: order

text: are

text: Jacob

text: Ethan

text: Michael

text: Alexander

text: William

text: Joshua

text: Daniel

text: Jayden

text: Noah

text: and

text: Anthony

question: How long has Jacob been the top boy name?

answer: 11th year in a row.

text: 11th year in a row.

question: What replaced Emma as the most popular name?

answer: Isabella

text: Isabella

question: For how long has Jacob been the most popular boy name?

answer: 11th year in a row.

text: 11th year in a row.

question: Who replaced Emma?

answer: Isabella

text: Isabella

question: Which series inspired the popularity of the name Cullen?

answer: "Twilight"

text: "Twilight"

question: What is the most popular boy name?

answer: Jacob,

text: Jacob,

question: What names are on the way out?

answer: Jonas

text: Jonas


text:
(CNN) -- Fifteen years ago this month, Rwanda declared a cease-fire in a genocide that left more than 800,000 dead. In the attacks that started in April 1994, Hutu militias and members of the general population sought out Tutsis and moderate Hutus -- and went on a 100-day killing rampage.

In June of 1994, Rwanda was still in the grip of a 100-day killing rampage.

Civilians and children got incentives to take part in the atrocities, including promises of land belonging to their Tutsi neighbors.

It was one of the most brutal genocides in modern history. Some figures put the number of dead at 1 million, 10 percent of the population of the central African nation. Millions more were raped and disfigured. A whole generation of children lost their parents.

What started the Tutsi and Hutu rivalry

The Tutsi ethnic minority and the Hutu majority had been at odds even before 1994. The rivalry started during colonial times, when the Belgians considered Tutsis the privileged ethnicity, thus giving them better opportunities.

The Hutus were considered inferior, prompting resentment that was passed on through the generations. The first major assault on Tutsis occurred in 1959, killing thousands and prompting more attacks over the years.

The animosity caused the Tutsis to flee to neighboring countries, including Burundi and Uganda. The Hutus took over the government when Rwanda gained its independence from Belgium in 1962, but the resentment remained.

Hours before the genocide

In early April, a plane carrying then-President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, was shot down near the capital, Kigali. The president, his Burundian counterpart and their aides were killed. A few hours later, Rwanda erupted into chaos.

Some have accused current President Paul Kagame, a Tutsi, of masterminding the killing. Kagame, who led a Tutsi militia group at the time, has denied any ties. He has accused Hutu rebels of instigating the assassinations to incite fury and attacks on Tutsis.

Differences between Hutus and Tutsis

They speak the same language and practice the same customs. However, most Tutsis are considered tall and lanky, which has led to speculation that they have Ethiopian heritage. During the genocide, the bodies of Tutsis were thrown into rivers by the Hutus, who said they were sending them back to Ethiopia.

The aftermath of the genocide

After 100 days of death and destruction, the Tutsi militia led by Kagame defeated the Hutu rebels and took control of the government. Scores of Hutus fled to neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo, where they have been accused of inciting more violence. Rwanda has invaded Congo various times to launch an offensive against Hutus allegedly linked to the genocide.

After the cease-fire, a multiethnic government made up of Hutu President Pasteur Bizimungu and Vice President Kagame came into power. Bizimungu was later accused of ethnic discord and jailed. Kagame became president in 2000.

Trials for genocide suspects

Top officials such as army generals and politicians who allegedly took part in the genocide are tried in the Rwandan justice system and the International Criminal Tribunal, which is based in Tanzania. Civilians who allegedly contributed either directly or indirectly are tried in gacaca courts.

The latter are community courts conducted by a panel of nine civilians in an open field.

The courts allow survivors to point out and confront their attackers. Gacaca means "open grass" in the local language. Human rights organizations say the gacacas fall short on delivering justice.

State of the nation 15 years later

Rwanda is now considered one of Africa's most stable nations. Education, health care, tourism and trade -- which were destroyed in the genocide -- have improved dramatically. Kagame has made big strides against corruption, a major problem in Africa.

However, critics have accused him of being an autocratic leader who has stifled the country's media. Others have said the growth in economy is limited to urban areas and has not trickled into rural areas.

text: CNN

text: Fifteen

text: years

text: ago

text: this

text: month

text: Rwanda

text: declared

text: a

text: cease

text: fire

text: in

text: a

text: genocide

text: that

text: left

text: more

text: than

text: dead

text: In

text: the

text: attacks

text: that

text: started

text: in

text: April

text: Hutu

text: militias

text: and

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: general

text: population

text: sought

text: out

text: Tutsis

text: and

text: moderate

text: Hutus

text: and

text: went

text: on

text: a

text: killing

text: rampage

text: In

text: June

text: of

text: Rwanda

text: was

text: still

text: in

text: the

text: grip

text: of

text: a

text: killing

text: rampage

text: Civilians

text: and

text: children

text: got

text: incentives

text: to

text: take

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: atrocities

text: including

text: promises

text: of

text: land

text: belonging

text: to

text: their

text: Tutsi

text: neighbors

text: It

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: brutal

text: genocides

text: in

text: modern

text: history

text: Some

text: figures

text: put

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: dead

text: at

text: million

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: central

text: African

text: nation

text: Millions

text: more

text: were

text: raped

text: and

text: disfigured

text: A

text: whole

text: generation

text: of

text: children

text: lost

text: their

text: parents

text: What

text: started

text: the

text: Tutsi

text: and

text: Hutu

text: rivalry

text: The

text: Tutsi

text: ethnic

text: minority

text: and

text: the

text: Hutu

text: majority

text: had

text: been

text: at

text: odds

text: even

text: before

text: The

text: rivalry

text: started

text: during

text: colonial

text: times

text: when

text: the

text: Belgians

text: considered

text: Tutsis

text: the

text: privileged

text: ethnicity

text: thus

text: giving

text: them

text: better

text: opportunities

text: The

text: Hutus

text: were

text: considered

text: inferior

text: prompting

text: resentment

text: that

text: was

text: passed

text: on

text: through

text: the

text: generations

text: The

text: first

text: major

text: assault

text: on

text: Tutsis

text: occurred

text: in

text: killing

text: thousands

text: and

text: prompting

text: more

text: attacks

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: The

text: animosity

text: caused

text: the

text: Tutsis

text: to

text: flee

text: to

text: neighboring

text: countries

text: including

text: Burundi

text: and

text: Uganda

text: The

text: Hutus

text: took

text: over

text: the

text: government

text: when

text: Rwanda

text: gained

text: its

text: independence

text: from

text: Belgium

text: in

text: but

text: the

text: resentment

text: remained

text: Hours

text: before

text: the

text: genocide

text: In

text: early

text: April

text: a

text: plane

text: carrying

text: then

text: President

text: Juvenal

text: Habyarimana

text: a

text: Hutu

text: was

text: shot

text: down

text: near

text: the

text: capital

text: Kigali

text: The

text: president

text: his

text: Burundian

text: counterpart

text: and

text: their

text: aides

text: were

text: killed

text: A

text: few

text: hours

text: later

text: Rwanda

text: erupted

text: into

text: chaos

text: Some

text: have

text: accused

text: current

text: President

text: Paul

text: Kagame

text: a

text: Tutsi

text: of

text: masterminding

text: the

text: killing

text: Kagame

text: who

text: led

text: a

text: Tutsi

text: militia

text: group

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: has

text: denied

text: any

text: ties

text: He

text: has

text: accused

text: Hutu

text: rebels

text: of

text: instigating

text: the

text: assassinations

text: to

text: incite

text: fury

text: and

text: attacks

text: on

text: Tutsis

text: Differences

text: between

text: Hutus

text: and

text: Tutsis

text: They

text: speak

text: the

text: same

text: language

text: and

text: practice

text: the

text: same

text: customs

text: However

text: most

text: Tutsis

text: are

text: considered

text: tall

text: and

text: lanky

text: which

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: speculation

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: Ethiopian

text: heritage

text: During

text: the

text: genocide

text: the

text: bodies

text: of

text: Tutsis

text: were

text: thrown

text: into

text: rivers

text: by

text: the

text: Hutus

text: who

text: said

text: they

text: were

text: sending

text: them

text: back

text: to

text: Ethiopia

text: The

text: aftermath

text: of

text: the

text: genocide

text: After

text: days

text: of

text: death

text: and

text: destruction

text: the

text: Tutsi

text: militia

text: led

text: by

text: Kagame

text: defeated

text: the

text: Hutu

text: rebels

text: and

text: took

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: Scores

text: of

text: Hutus

text: fled

text: to

text: neighboring

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: of

text: Congo

text: where

text: they

text: have

text: been

text: accused

text: of

text: inciting

text: more

text: violence

text: Rwanda

text: has

text: invaded

text: Congo

text: various

text: times

text: to

text: launch

text: an

text: offensive

text: against

text: Hutus

text: allegedly

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: genocide

text: After

text: the

text: cease

text: fire

text: a

text: multiethnic

text: government

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: Hutu

text: President

text: Pasteur

text: Bizimungu

text: and

text: Vice

text: President

text: Kagame

text: came

text: into

text: power

text: Bizimungu

text: was

text: later

text: accused

text: of

text: ethnic

text: discord

text: and

text: jailed

text: Kagame

text: became

text: president

text: in

text: Trials

text: for

text: genocide

text: suspects

text: Top

text: officials

text: such

text: as

text: army

text: generals

text: and

text: politicians

text: who

text: allegedly

text: took

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: genocide

text: are

text: tried

text: in

text: the

text: Rwandan

text: justice

text: system

text: and

text: the

text: International

text: Criminal

text: Tribunal

text: which

text: is

text: based

text: in

text: Tanzania

text: Civilians

text: who

text: allegedly

text: contributed

text: either

text: directly

text: or

text: indirectly

text: are

text: tried

text: in

text: gacaca

text: courts

text: The

text: latter

text: are

text: community

text: courts

text: conducted

text: by

text: a

text: panel

text: of

text: nine

text: civilians

text: in

text: an

text: open

text: field

text: The

text: courts

text: allow

text: survivors

text: to

text: point

text: out

text: and

text: confront

text: their

text: attackers

text: Gacaca

text: means

text: open

text: grass

text: in

text: the

text: local

text: language

text: Human

text: rights

text: organizations

text: say

text: the

text: gacacas

text: fall

text: short

text: on

text: delivering

text: justice

text: State

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: years

text: later

text: Rwanda

text: is

text: now

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: Africa

text: 's

text: most

text: stable

text: nations

text: Education

text: health

text: care

text: tourism

text: and

text: trade

text: which

text: were

text: destroyed

text: in

text: the

text: genocide

text: have

text: improved

text: dramatically

text: Kagame

text: has

text: made

text: big

text: strides

text: against

text: corruption

text: a

text: major

text: problem

text: in

text: Africa

text: However

text: critics

text: have

text: accused

text: him

text: of

text: being

text: an

text: autocratic

text: leader

text: who

text: has

text: stifled

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: media

text: Others

text: have

text: said

text: the

text: growth

text: in

text: economy

text: is

text: limited

text: to

text: urban

text: areas

text: and

text: has

text: not

text: trickled

text: into

text: rural

text: areas

question: How many died during the killing?

answer: 800,000 dead.

text: 800,000 dead.

question: Which is the most stable nation in Africa?

answer: Rwanda

text: Rwanda

question: What is the hatred between?

answer: Hutus and Tutsis

text: Hutus and Tutsis

question: What lasted 100 days?

answer: killing rampage.

text: killing rampage.

question: What is Rwanda considered?

answer: one of Africa's most stable nations.

text: one of Africa's most stable nations.

question: What caused genocide between Tutsi and Hutu in 1994?

answer: the privileged ethnicity,

text: the privileged ethnicity,

question: How long was the rampage?

answer: 100-day

question: For how long killing were between Tutsi and Hutu?

answer: 100-day


text:
ATLANTA, Georgia (CNN) -- The photograph is a jarring image that shows Nazi Party members, shovels in hand, digging up graves of American soldiers held as slaves by Nazi Germany during World War II.

Members of the Nazi Party are forced to dig up mass graves of U.S. soldiers while American GIs look on.

While the men dig up the site, U.S. soldiers investigating war crimes stand over them. Two crosses with helmets placed atop them -- the sign of a fallen soldier -- are visible. Two Germans are knee deep in mud. Another, with a handlebar mustache, has the look of a defeated man. The bodies of 22 American soldiers were found in at least seven graves, according to the photographer.

On the back of the photo is written, "Nazi Party members digging up American bodies at Berga."   Berga an der Elster was a slave labor camp where 350 U.S. soldiers were beaten, starved, and forced to work in tunnels for the German government. The soldiers were singled out for "looking like Jews" or "sounding like Jews," or dubbed as undesirables, according to survivors. More than 100 soldiers perished at the camp or on a forced death march.

It was on this day six decades ago, April 23, 1945, when most of the slave labor camp soldiers were liberated by advancing U.S. troops. The emaciated soldiers, many weighing just 80 pounds, had been forced by Nazi commanders to march more than 150 miles before their rescue.  Watch survivor break down in tears over liberation Â»

The new photograph was likely taken in May or June 1945 when U.S. war crimes investigators combed Berga. It was donated earlier this month to the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum by Jim Martin and his family, whose father, Elmore "Bud" Martin, is believed to have snapped the picture as part of the war crimes investigation team.

The photo and dozens of others sat for years in Jim Martin's closet. Some of the photos, including graphic images of American corpses, were placed on record at the National Archives years ago.  See shocking photos of the slave camp Â»

But the image of Nazi Party members digging up graves doesn't appear to be part of that collection. Martin said he was proud to hand over the photos.

"People have to see these. This is something that's history and it belongs with something that's historical to tell that story. It doesn't belong in my closet."

"To be honest, I'm kind of sorry I haven't done it sooner. We didn't realize what it was."

Elmore Martin, who won a Silver Star for his valor in capturing images during the war, was 28 when he shot the photographs. Before the war, he worked as a photographer for the St. Paul Dispatch and Pioneer Press. Martin's son said his dad, who died several years ago, struggled to keep a job when he returned home. "I now see where it all started," he said.

What Elmore Martin and the war crimes soldiers seen in the photo couldn't have known that day was how the case would evolve.

The two Berga commanders -- Erwin Metz and his superior, Hauptmann Ludwig Merz -- were tried for war crimes and initially sentenced to die by hanging. But the U.S. government commuted their death sentences in 1948, and both men were eventually released in the 1950s. One other Berga commander, Lt. Willy Hack, was executed, but not by the United States. He died by hanging, justice carried out by the Soviets.

Jim Martin said his father would have been upset at the freeing of the Berga commanders after the atrocities he documented. "He knew it happened and to see that these people were released would be pretty devastating."

Efraim Zuroff, who has spent nearly 30 years hunting Nazis responsible for the Holocaust, said the U.S. government commuted the sentences and freed hundreds of war criminals like those at Berga after the war, as the Cold War began to intensify.

"They were more concerned about keeping out Communists than admitting victims of the Nazis," he said. "The realities out there were very conducive of letting these people off the hook."

How should Americans feel six decades later that the government freed the Nazi commanders responsible for atrocities against U.S. soldiers?

"We're supposed to feel very pissed off about that, to be perfectly honest, and that feeling is very justified," Zuroff said.

The German government has since made reparations to the soldiers held at Berga. Zuroff said now it's time for the U.S. government to do "the right thing."

"To apologize," he said.

The Army said it is trying to figure out the best way to honor the Berga soldiers. There are about 20 known survivors still living.

"The U.S. Army honors the service and sacrifice of all veterans who have fought our nation's wars. The Army is working to identify the most dignified and personal way to honor the soldiers held at the Nazi slave camp, known as Berga," Army spokesman Lt. Col. Willie Harris said in a written statement.

The Army refused to answer further questions about the Berga case.  Listen in as an elderly man learns about his brother's death at the camp Â»

Survivors have long wanted to know why the sentences of the commanders were commuted. In a letter dated June 11, 1948, to an attorney whose nephew died at Berga, the U.S. War Department said the sentences of Metz and Merz were commuted because they were "underlings."

The letter goes on to say that Metz "though guilty of a generally cruel course of conduct toward prisoners was not directly responsible for the death of any prisoners, except one who was killed during the course of an attempt to escape." That soldier was Morton Goldstein.

Survivors say Goldstein tried to escape but was captured. They say Metz stood him against a wall, walked up to him and shot him, execution-style, through the head. As his body lay on the ground, guards riddled him with bullets, according to survivors.

The soldiers who survived were not called to testify at the war crimes trial against Metz and Merz, instead prosecutors relied on about a dozen soldiers' statements gathered through the course of the investigation. At the trial, Metz blamed any deaths at the camp on U.S. medics.

"They bore the sole responsibility for the medical care," Metz told the court, according to the book "Given Up for Dead," by Flint Whitlock, citing trial transcripts. "I ask you: Who must bear the responsibility? The answer is obvious: The U.S. medics."

Those comments don't sit well with Berga survivors. "He was terrible, absolutely terrible. He lied," said Tony Acevedo, a U.S. medic who catalogued the deaths in a diary at the camp. "Everybody hated his guts."

"Even the German guards were scared of him."  Flip through Acevedo's diary from the slave camp Â»

Berga survivors say they await any recognition from the Army that may come, especially after all these years.

Morton Brooks, 83, said he constantly thinks about the day he was liberated. He was rail thin and had walked by political prisoners shot in the head during the forced death march. In the final hours before his rescue, his attitude was, "Let them kill us," he said.

"I think all the time that I'm a survivor of this and I'm still around," said Brooks. "To me, it just amazes me. I don't know how I got through."

Jim Martin said he's still trying to process his father's role as a forgotten American war hero, armed not with a gun, but a camera.

"The worst part is I'm just finding it out," he said.

text: ATLANTA

text: Georgia

text: CNN

text: The

text: photograph

text: is

text: a

text: jarring

text: image

text: that

text: shows

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: members

text: shovels

text: in

text: hand

text: digging

text: up

text: graves

text: of

text: American

text: soldiers

text: held

text: as

text: slaves

text: by

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: are

text: forced

text: to

text: dig

text: up

text: mass

text: graves

text: of

text: U.S.

text: soldiers

text: while

text: American

text: GIs

text: look

text: on

text: While

text: the

text: men

text: dig

text: up

text: the

text: site

text: U.S.

text: soldiers

text: investigating

text: war

text: crimes

text: stand

text: over

text: them

text: Two

text: crosses

text: with

text: helmets

text: placed

text: atop

text: them

text: the

text: sign

text: of

text: a

text: fallen

text: soldier

text: are

text: visible

text: Two

text: Germans

text: are

text: knee

text: deep

text: in

text: mud

text: Another

text: with

text: a

text: handlebar

text: mustache

text: has

text: the

text: look

text: of

text: a

text: defeated

text: man

text: The

text: bodies

text: of

text: American

text: soldiers

text: were

text: found

text: in

text: at

text: least

text: seven

text: graves

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: photographer

text: On

text: the

text: back

text: of

text: the

text: photo

text: is

text: written

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: members

text: digging

text: up

text: American

text: bodies

text: at

text: Berga

text: Berga

text: an

text: der

text: Elster

text: was

text: a

text: slave

text: labor

text: camp

text: where

text: U.S.

text: soldiers

text: were

text: beaten

text: starved

text: and

text: forced

text: to

text: work

text: in

text: tunnels

text: for

text: the

text: German

text: government

text: The

text: soldiers

text: were

text: singled

text: out

text: for

text: looking

text: like

text: Jews

text: or

text: sounding

text: like

text: Jews

text: or

text: dubbed

text: as

text: undesirables

text: according

text: to

text: survivors

text: More

text: than

text: soldiers

text: perished

text: at

text: the

text: camp

text: or

text: on

text: a

text: forced

text: death

text: march

text: It

text: was

text: on

text: this

text: day

text: six

text: decades

text: ago

text: April

text: when

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: slave

text: labor

text: camp

text: soldiers

text: were

text: liberated

text: by

text: advancing

text: U.S.

text: troops

text: The

text: emaciated

text: soldiers

text: many

text: weighing

text: just

text: pounds

text: had

text: been

text: forced

text: by

text: Nazi

text: commanders

text: to

text: march

text: more

text: than

text: miles

text: before

text: their

text: rescue

text: Watch

text: survivor

text: break

text: down

text: in

text: tears

text: over

text: liberation

text: Â

text: The

text: new

text: photograph

text: was

text: likely

text: taken

text: in

text: May

text: or

text: June

text: when

text: U.S.

text: war

text: crimes

text: investigators

text: combed

text: Berga

text: It

text: was

text: donated

text: earlier

text: this

text: month

text: to

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Holocaust

text: Memorial

text: Museum

text: by

text: Jim

text: Martin

text: and

text: his

text: family

text: whose

text: father

text: Elmore

text: Bud

text: Martin

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: have

text: snapped

text: the

text: picture

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: crimes

text: investigation

text: team

text: The

text: photo

text: and

text: dozens

text: of

text: others

text: sat

text: for

text: years

text: in

text: Jim

text: Martin

text: 's

text: closet

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: photos

text: including

text: graphic

text: images

text: of

text: American

text: corpses

text: were

text: placed

text: on

text: record

text: at

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: years

text: ago

text: See

text: shocking

text: photos

text: of

text: the

text: slave

text: camp

text: Â

text: But

text: the

text: image

text: of

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: members

text: digging

text: up

text: graves

text: does

text: n't

text: appear

text: to

text: be

text: part

text: of

text: that

text: collection

text: Martin

text: said

text: he

text: was

text: proud

text: to

text: hand

text: over

text: the

text: photos

text: People

text: have

text: to

text: see

text: these

text: This

text: is

text: something

text: that

text: 's

text: history

text: and

text: it

text: belongs

text: with

text: something

text: that

text: 's

text: historical

text: to

text: tell

text: that

text: story

text: It

text: does

text: n't

text: belong

text: in

text: my

text: closet

text: To

text: be

text: honest

text: I

text: 'm

text: kind

text: of

text: sorry

text: I

text: have

text: n't

text: done

text: it

text: sooner

text: We

text: did

text: n't

text: realize

text: what

text: it

text: was

text: Elmore

text: Martin

text: who

text: won

text: a

text: Silver

text: Star

text: for

text: his

text: valor

text: in

text: capturing

text: images

text: during

text: the

text: war

text: was

text: when

text: he

text: shot

text: the

text: photographs

text: Before

text: the

text: war

text: he

text: worked

text: as

text: a

text: photographer

text: for

text: the

text: St.

text: Paul

text: Dispatch

text: and

text: Pioneer

text: Press

text: Martin

text: 's

text: son

text: said

text: his

text: dad

text: who

text: died

text: several

text: years

text: ago

text: struggled

text: to

text: keep

text: a

text: job

text: when

text: he

text: returned

text: home

text: I

text: now

text: see

text: where

text: it

text: all

text: started

text: he

text: said

text: What

text: Elmore

text: Martin

text: and

text: the

text: war

text: crimes

text: soldiers

text: seen

text: in

text: the

text: photo

text: could

text: n't

text: have

text: known

text: that

text: day

text: was

text: how

text: the

text: case

text: would

text: evolve

text: The

text: two

text: Berga

text: commanders

text: Erwin

text: Metz

text: and

text: his

text: superior

text: Hauptmann

text: Ludwig

text: Merz

text: were

text: tried

text: for

text: war

text: crimes

text: and

text: initially

text: sentenced

text: to

text: die

text: by

text: hanging

text: But

text: the

text: U.S.

text: government

text: commuted

text: their

text: death

text: sentences

text: in

text: and

text: both

text: men

text: were

text: eventually

text: released

text: in

text: the

text: One

text: other

text: Berga

text: commander

text: Lt

text: Willy

text: Hack

text: was

text: executed

text: but

text: not

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: He

text: died

text: by

text: hanging

text: justice

text: carried

text: out

text: by

text: the

text: Soviets

text: Jim

text: Martin

text: said

text: his

text: father

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: upset

text: at

text: the

text: freeing

text: of

text: the

text: Berga

text: commanders

text: after

text: the

text: atrocities

text: he

text: documented

text: He

text: knew

text: it

text: happened

text: and

text: to

text: see

text: that

text: these

text: people

text: were

text: released

text: would

text: be

text: pretty

text: devastating

text: Efraim

text: Zuroff

text: who

text: has

text: spent

text: nearly

text: years

text: hunting

text: Nazis

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: said

text: the

text: U.S.

text: government

text: commuted

text: the

text: sentences

text: and

text: freed

text: hundreds

text: of

text: war

text: criminals

text: like

text: those

text: at

text: Berga

text: after

text: the

text: war

text: as

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: began

text: to

text: intensify

text: They

text: were

text: more

text: concerned

text: about

text: keeping

text: out

text: Communists

text: than

text: admitting

text: victims

text: of

text: the

text: Nazis

text: he

text: said

text: The

text: realities

text: out

text: there

text: were

text: very

text: conducive

text: of

text: letting

text: these

text: people

text: off

text: the

text: hook

text: How

text: should

text: Americans

text: feel

text: six

text: decades

text: later

text: that

text: the

text: government

text: freed

text: the

text: Nazi

text: commanders

text: responsible

text: for

text: atrocities

text: against

text: U.S.

text: soldiers

text: We

text: 're

text: supposed

text: to

text: feel

text: very

text: pissed

text: off

text: about

text: that

text: to

text: be

text: perfectly

text: honest

text: and

text: that

text: feeling

text: is

text: very

text: justified

text: Zuroff

text: said

text: The

text: German

text: government

text: has

text: since

text: made

text: reparations

text: to

text: the

text: soldiers

text: held

text: at

text: Berga

text: Zuroff

text: said

text: now

text: it

text: 's

text: time

text: for

text: the

text: U.S.

text: government

text: to

text: do

text: the

text: right

text: thing

text: To

text: apologize

text: he

text: said

text: The

text: Army

text: said

text: it

text: is

text: trying

text: to

text: figure

text: out

text: the

text: best

text: way

text: to

text: honor

text: the

text: Berga

text: soldiers

text: There

text: are

text: about

text: known

text: survivors

text: still

text: living

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: honors

text: the

text: service

text: and

text: sacrifice

text: of

text: all

text: veterans

text: who

text: have

text: fought

text: our

text: nation

text: 's

text: wars

text: The

text: Army

text: is

text: working

text: to

text: identify

text: the

text: most

text: dignified

text: and

text: personal

text: way

text: to

text: honor

text: the

text: soldiers

text: held

text: at

text: the

text: Nazi

text: slave

text: camp

text: known

text: as

text: Berga

text: Army

text: spokesman

text: Lt

text: Col

text: Willie

text: Harris

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: written

text: statement

text: The

text: Army

text: refused

text: to

text: answer

text: further

text: questions

text: about

text: the

text: Berga

text: case

text: Listen

text: in

text: as

text: an

text: elderly

text: man

text: learns

text: about

text: his

text: brother

text: 's

text: death

text: at

text: the

text: camp

text: Â

text: Survivors

text: have

text: long

text: wanted

text: to

text: know

text: why

text: the

text: sentences

text: of

text: the

text: commanders

text: were

text: commuted

text: In

text: a

text: letter

text: dated

text: June

text: to

text: an

text: attorney

text: whose

text: nephew

text: died

text: at

text: Berga

text: the

text: U.S.

text: War

text: Department

text: said

text: the

text: sentences

text: of

text: Metz

text: and

text: Merz

text: were

text: commuted

text: because

text: they

text: were

text: underlings

text: The

text: letter

text: goes

text: on

text: to

text: say

text: that

text: Metz

text: though

text: guilty

text: of

text: a

text: generally

text: cruel

text: course

text: of

text: conduct

text: toward

text: prisoners

text: was

text: not

text: directly

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: any

text: prisoners

text: except

text: one

text: who

text: was

text: killed

text: during

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: escape

text: That

text: soldier

text: was

text: Morton

text: Goldstein

text: Survivors

text: say

text: Goldstein

text: tried

text: to

text: escape

text: but

text: was

text: captured

text: They

text: say

text: Metz

text: stood

text: him

text: against

text: a

text: wall

text: walked

text: up

text: to

text: him

text: and

text: shot

text: him

text: execution

text: style

text: through

text: the

text: head

text: As

text: his

text: body

text: lay

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: guards

text: riddled

text: him

text: with

text: bullets

text: according

text: to

text: survivors

text: The

text: soldiers

text: who

text: survived

text: were

text: not

text: called

text: to

text: testify

text: at

text: the

text: war

text: crimes

text: trial

text: against

text: Metz

text: and

text: Merz

text: instead

text: prosecutors

text: relied

text: on

text: about

text: a

text: dozen

text: soldiers

text: statements

text: gathered

text: through

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: investigation

text: At

text: the

text: trial

text: Metz

text: blamed

text: any

text: deaths

text: at

text: the

text: camp

text: on

text: U.S.

text: medics

text: They

text: bore

text: the

text: sole

text: responsibility

text: for

text: the

text: medical

text: care

text: Metz

text: told

text: the

text: court

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: book

text: Given

text: Up

text: for

text: Dead

text: by

text: Flint

text: Whitlock

text: citing

text: trial

text: transcripts

text: I

text: ask

text: you

text: Who

text: must

text: bear

text: the

text: responsibility

text: The

text: answer

text: is

text: obvious

text: The

text: U.S.

text: medics

text: Those

text: comments

text: do

text: n't

text: sit

text: well

text: with

text: Berga

text: survivors

text: He

text: was

text: terrible

text: absolutely

text: terrible

text: He

text: lied

text: said

text: Tony

text: Acevedo

text: a

text: U.S.

text: medic

text: who

text: catalogued

text: the

text: deaths

text: in

text: a

text: diary

text: at

text: the

text: camp

text: Everybody

text: hated

text: his

text: guts

text: Even

text: the

text: German

text: guards

text: were

text: scared

text: of

text: him

text: Flip

text: through

text: Acevedo

text: 's

text: diary

text: from

text: the

text: slave

text: camp

text: Â

text: Berga

text: survivors

text: say

text: they

text: await

text: any

text: recognition

text: from

text: the

text: Army

text: that

text: may

text: come

text: especially

text: after

text: all

text: these

text: years

text: Morton

text: Brooks

text: said

text: he

text: constantly

text: thinks

text: about

text: the

text: day

text: he

text: was

text: liberated

text: He

text: was

text: rail

text: thin

text: and

text: had

text: walked

text: by

text: political

text: prisoners

text: shot

text: in

text: the

text: head

text: during

text: the

text: forced

text: death

text: march

text: In

text: the

text: final

text: hours

text: before

text: his

text: rescue

text: his

text: attitude

text: was

text: Let

text: them

text: kill

text: us

text: he

text: said

text: I

text: think

text: all

text: the

text: time

text: that

text: I

text: 'm

text: a

text: survivor

text: of

text: this

text: and

text: I

text: 'm

text: still

text: around

text: said

text: Brooks

text: To

text: me

text: it

text: just

text: amazes

text: me

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: know

text: how

text: I

text: got

text: through

text: Jim

text: Martin

text: said

text: he

text: 's

text: still

text: trying

text: to

text: process

text: his

text: father

text: 's

text: role

text: as

text: a

text: forgotten

text: American

text: war

text: hero

text: armed

text: not

text: with

text: a

text: gun

text: but

text: a

text: camera

text: The

text: worst

text: part

text: is

text: I

text: 'm

text: just

text: finding

text: it

text: out

text: he

text: said

question: Where was the photo donated?

answer: U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum

text: U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum

question: Where was the slave camp located?

answer: Berga an der Elster

text: Berga an der Elster

question: What is the new photo showing?

answer: "Nazi Party members digging up American bodies at Berga."

text: "Nazi Party members digging up American bodies at Berga."

question: Who was held in the camp?

answer: American soldiers

text: American soldiers


text:
(CNN) -- Last Wednesday, a Twitter fight erupted between technology experts Michael Arrington, founder and former editor of TechCrunch, and Vivek Wadhwa, a technology researcher and writer, after a screening of CNN's documentary, "The New Promised Land: Silicon Valley."

Arrington said a few very clear things about his view of the state of diversity in Silicon Valley. Among them: There may be very few African-Americans in Silicon Valley, but despite this Silicon Valley is a pure meritocracy, and one becomes successful because he or she has a "big brain." Vivek disagreed. As an Indian-American entrepreneur, he said he sees significant bias in Silicon Valley, and even recounted a specific instance where he was told, "You people don't make good CEOs."

First, let me say, I think Arrington truly believes everything he has said about the tech world being a meritocracy. Lots of people believe it.

But not me. I would more properly say that tech markets are a meritocracy. There are very few businesses where an individual in his or her bedroom can create a piece of software that can potentially touch millions of people, and do this without seeking any additional capital. No matter how talented you are, if you want to open a hot new restaurant or a shoe factory, you need lots of money before you start. Not necessarily so with software.

Consumers and businesses, for the most part, don't care about the ethnicity of their software or Internet service vendor. Users want solutions. So if an entrepreneur can get a great product completed cheaply, he or she can often compete on a totally even footing with anyone else. Even if the entrepreneur ultimately needs capital, explosive initial success knocks down all known barriers.

But the market makers operate in a world that is not particularly evenhanded. The market makers are the folks who help new young companies and entrepreneurs by providing insight, mentoring, capital and relationships. This part of the tech world is driven by all the same biases that exist in the nontech world. And it is much harder for even the most talented African-Americans in the tech world to gain access to influential, insightful, connected mentors, let alone investors.

Why is this? For the most part, people want to work with people who are "like them" or who fit a pattern that appeals to them. There is an actual term for this among tech investors called "pattern matching." It's the idea that, without objective facts, one can decide whether someone is likely to be successful based on indirect criteria. In other words, when they see a particular pattern of "personhood," they are excited.

Watch trailer for CNN documentary "The New Promised Land: Silicon Valley"

These patterns are discussed openly in the tech industry around issues like age. Since it is only moderately politically incorrect to suggest that younger entrepreneurs are "better," it is done all the time. The best example of this might be Mike Moritz from Sequoia Capital, perhaps the most influential of all venture funds, admitting in a Building 43 interview that they have a strong bias toward very young entrepreneurs.

But if you believe that age is the only criteria that venture capitalists use for pattern matching, I wanna smoke some of what you've got.

To be clear, I am not saying any venture capitalist says at a partner meeting, "You know I really like this company's product, but did you notice he's a Negro?"

Never happens.

But I firmly believe, based on my 25 years in this industry, that market makers, both investors and the people who help you get ready to approach them, seek out entrepreneurs who appeal to them on some less than objective, visceral level, who feel "comfortable" to them. They don't need to actively filter out undesirable profiles. They just focus on what does appeal to them.

Soledad O'Brien: Michael Arrington is right (about one thing)

They focus on the "patterns" they find appealing -- age is arguably a part of many investors' ideal pattern, but so are perhaps unacknowledged criteria like race, gender, cultural affinity, etc. On some level this should not be shocking, as it reflects socialization that all of us must work hard and consciously not to act on.

Is this racist/sexist/ageist? Well, in this context, using incendiary labels is only likely to make people more defensive. The bigger question is, is it a problem? Absolutely.

It's not just a personal impression. In a recent study, industry analyst CB Insights found that less than 1% of all venture capital money went to digital start-ups with African-American founders in 2010.

Is it possible to overcome these barriers? I have. I have developed successful, best-selling, award-winning products and I have raised tens of millions of dollars. But it is only by a sheer persistence and focus that few other people -- white, black, or otherwise -- have. I would never suggest that I am smarter than anyone else, but my Arnold-Schwarzenegger-in-"Terminator"-like determination has made my successes possible. Yes, I have definitely had help and support, but compared to some, not so much.

In fact, some people get far more support than others. For example, when a top tier venture capitalist writes a $5 million check to a 19-year-old with a barely beyond napkin stage idea, no customers and a fragile technology because they "present well," then clearly something else is at work beyond merit. This exact scenario may not be common, but it does happen. But it does not happen for African-American, or for that matter, Latino or female entrepreneurs.

So the bottom line is, if the level of determination that I have was required from everyone, no matter their race, on some kind of moderately equal basis, it would indeed be a level playing field -- a meritocracy. But it's not.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Hank Williams.

text: CNN

text: Last

text: Wednesday

text: a

text: Twitter

text: fight

text: erupted

text: between

text: technology

text: experts

text: Michael

text: Arrington

text: founder

text: and

text: former

text: editor

text: of

text: TechCrunch

text: and

text: Vivek

text: Wadhwa

text: a

text: technology

text: researcher

text: and

text: writer

text: after

text: a

text: screening

text: of

text: CNN

text: 's

text: documentary

text: The

text: New

text: Promised

text: Land

text: Silicon

text: Valley

text: Arrington

text: said

text: a

text: few

text: very

text: clear

text: things

text: about

text: his

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: diversity

text: in

text: Silicon

text: Valley

text: Among

text: them

text: There

text: may

text: be

text: very

text: few

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: Silicon

text: Valley

text: but

text: despite

text: this

text: Silicon

text: Valley

text: is

text: a

text: pure

text: meritocracy

text: and

text: one

text: becomes

text: successful

text: because

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: has

text: a

text: big

text: brain

text: Vivek

text: disagreed

text: As

text: an

text: Indian

text: American

text: entrepreneur

text: he

text: said

text: he

text: sees

text: significant

text: bias

text: in

text: Silicon

text: Valley

text: and

text: even

text: recounted

text: a

text: specific

text: instance

text: where

text: he

text: was

text: told

text: You

text: people

text: do

text: n't

text: make

text: good

text: CEOs

text: First

text: let

text: me

text: say

text: I

text: think

text: Arrington

text: truly

text: believes

text: everything

text: he

text: has

text: said

text: about

text: the

text: tech

text: world

text: being

text: a

text: meritocracy

text: Lots

text: of

text: people

text: believe

text: it

text: But

text: not

text: me

text: I

text: would

text: more

text: properly

text: say

text: that

text: tech

text: markets

text: are

text: a

text: meritocracy

text: There

text: are

text: very

text: few

text: businesses

text: where

text: an

text: individual

text: in

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: bedroom

text: can

text: create

text: a

text: piece

text: of

text: software

text: that

text: can

text: potentially

text: touch

text: millions

text: of

text: people

text: and

text: do

text: this

text: without

text: seeking

text: any

text: additional

text: capital

text: No

text: matter

text: how

text: talented

text: you

text: are

text: if

text: you

text: want

text: to

text: open

text: a

text: hot

text: new

text: restaurant

text: or

text: a

text: shoe

text: factory

text: you

text: need

text: lots

text: of

text: money

text: before

text: you

text: start

text: Not

text: necessarily

text: so

text: with

text: software

text: Consumers

text: and

text: businesses

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: part

text: do

text: n't

text: care

text: about

text: the

text: ethnicity

text: of

text: their

text: software

text: or

text: Internet

text: service

text: vendor

text: Users

text: want

text: solutions

text: So

text: if

text: an

text: entrepreneur

text: can

text: get

text: a

text: great

text: product

text: completed

text: cheaply

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: can

text: often

text: compete

text: on

text: a

text: totally

text: even

text: footing

text: with

text: anyone

text: else

text: Even

text: if

text: the

text: entrepreneur

text: ultimately

text: needs

text: capital

text: explosive

text: initial

text: success

text: knocks

text: down

text: all

text: known

text: barriers

text: But

text: the

text: market

text: makers

text: operate

text: in

text: a

text: world

text: that

text: is

text: not

text: particularly

text: evenhanded

text: The

text: market

text: makers

text: are

text: the

text: folks

text: who

text: help

text: new

text: young

text: companies

text: and

text: entrepreneurs

text: by

text: providing

text: insight

text: mentoring

text: capital

text: and

text: relationships

text: This

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: tech

text: world

text: is

text: driven

text: by

text: all

text: the

text: same

text: biases

text: that

text: exist

text: in

text: the

text: nontech

text: world

text: And

text: it

text: is

text: much

text: harder

text: for

text: even

text: the

text: most

text: talented

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: the

text: tech

text: world

text: to

text: gain

text: access

text: to

text: influential

text: insightful

text: connected

text: mentors

text: let

text: alone

text: investors

text: Why

text: is

text: this

text: For

text: the

text: most

text: part

text: people

text: want

text: to

text: work

text: with

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: like

text: them

text: or

text: who

text: fit

text: a

text: pattern

text: that

text: appeals

text: to

text: them

text: There

text: is

text: an

text: actual

text: term

text: for

text: this

text: among

text: tech

text: investors

text: called

text: pattern

text: matching

text: It

text: 's

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: without

text: objective

text: facts

text: one

text: can

text: decide

text: whether

text: someone

text: is

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: successful

text: based

text: on

text: indirect

text: criteria

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: when

text: they

text: see

text: a

text: particular

text: pattern

text: of

text: personhood

text: they

text: are

text: excited

text: Watch

text: trailer

text: for

text: CNN

text: documentary

text: The

text: New

text: Promised

text: Land

text: Silicon

text: Valley

text: These

text: patterns

text: are

text: discussed

text: openly

text: in

text: the

text: tech

text: industry

text: around

text: issues

text: like

text: age

text: Since

text: it

text: is

text: only

text: moderately

text: politically

text: incorrect

text: to

text: suggest

text: that

text: younger

text: entrepreneurs

text: are

text: better

text: it

text: is

text: done

text: all

text: the

text: time

text: The

text: best

text: example

text: of

text: this

text: might

text: be

text: Mike

text: Moritz

text: from

text: Sequoia

text: Capital

text: perhaps

text: the

text: most

text: influential

text: of

text: all

text: venture

text: funds

text: admitting

text: in

text: a

text: Building

text: interview

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: a

text: strong

text: bias

text: toward

text: very

text: young

text: entrepreneurs

text: But

text: if

text: you

text: believe

text: that

text: age

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: criteria

text: that

text: venture

text: capitalists

text: use

text: for

text: pattern

text: matching

text: I

text: wanna

text: smoke

text: some

text: of

text: what

text: you

text: 've

text: got

text: To

text: be

text: clear

text: I

text: am

text: not

text: saying

text: any

text: venture

text: capitalist

text: says

text: at

text: a

text: partner

text: meeting

text: You

text: know

text: I

text: really

text: like

text: this

text: company

text: 's

text: product

text: but

text: did

text: you

text: notice

text: he

text: 's

text: a

text: Negro

text: Never

text: happens

text: But

text: I

text: firmly

text: believe

text: based

text: on

text: my

text: years

text: in

text: this

text: industry

text: that

text: market

text: makers

text: both

text: investors

text: and

text: the

text: people

text: who

text: help

text: you

text: get

text: ready

text: to

text: approach

text: them

text: seek

text: out

text: entrepreneurs

text: who

text: appeal

text: to

text: them

text: on

text: some

text: less

text: than

text: objective

text: visceral

text: level

text: who

text: feel

text: comfortable

text: to

text: them

text: They

text: do

text: n't

text: need

text: to

text: actively

text: filter

text: out

text: undesirable

text: profiles

text: They

text: just

text: focus

text: on

text: what

text: does

text: appeal

text: to

text: them

text: Soledad

text: O'Brien

text: Michael

text: Arrington

text: is

text: right

text: about

text: one

text: thing

text: They

text: focus

text: on

text: the

text: patterns

text: they

text: find

text: appealing

text: age

text: is

text: arguably

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: many

text: investors

text: ideal

text: pattern

text: but

text: so

text: are

text: perhaps

text: unacknowledged

text: criteria

text: like

text: race

text: gender

text: cultural

text: affinity

text: etc

text: On

text: some

text: level

text: this

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: shocking

text: as

text: it

text: reflects

text: socialization

text: that

text: all

text: of

text: us

text: must

text: work

text: hard

text: and

text: consciously

text: not

text: to

text: act

text: on

text: Is

text: this

text: racist

text: sexist

text: ageist

text: Well

text: in

text: this

text: context

text: using

text: incendiary

text: labels

text: is

text: only

text: likely

text: to

text: make

text: people

text: more

text: defensive

text: The

text: bigger

text: question

text: is

text: is

text: it

text: a

text: problem

text: Absolutely

text: It

text: 's

text: not

text: just

text: a

text: personal

text: impression

text: In

text: a

text: recent

text: study

text: industry

text: analyst

text: CB

text: Insights

text: found

text: that

text: less

text: than

text: of

text: all

text: venture

text: capital

text: money

text: went

text: to

text: digital

text: start

text: ups

text: with

text: African

text: American

text: founders

text: in

text: Is

text: it

text: possible

text: to

text: overcome

text: these

text: barriers

text: I

text: have

text: I

text: have

text: developed

text: successful

text: best

text: selling

text: award

text: winning

text: products

text: and

text: I

text: have

text: raised

text: tens

text: of

text: millions

text: of

text: dollars

text: But

text: it

text: is

text: only

text: by

text: a

text: sheer

text: persistence

text: and

text: focus

text: that

text: few

text: other

text: people

text: white

text: black

text: or

text: otherwise

text: have

text: I

text: would

text: never

text: suggest

text: that

text: I

text: am

text: smarter

text: than

text: anyone

text: else

text: but

text: my

text: Arnold

text: Schwarzenegger

text: in-"Terminator

text: like

text: determination

text: has

text: made

text: my

text: successes

text: possible

text: Yes

text: I

text: have

text: definitely

text: had

text: help

text: and

text: support

text: but

text: compared

text: to

text: some

text: not

text: so

text: much

text: In

text: fact

text: some

text: people

text: get

text: far

text: more

text: support

text: than

text: others

text: For

text: example

text: when

text: a

text: top

text: tier

text: venture

text: capitalist

text: writes

text: a

text: million

text: check

text: to

text: a

text: old

text: with

text: a

text: barely

text: beyond

text: napkin

text: stage

text: idea

text: no

text: customers

text: and

text: a

text: fragile

text: technology

text: because

text: they

text: present

text: well

text: then

text: clearly

text: something

text: else

text: is

text: at

text: work

text: beyond

text: merit

text: This

text: exact

text: scenario

text: may

text: not

text: be

text: common

text: but

text: it

text: does

text: happen

text: But

text: it

text: does

text: not

text: happen

text: for

text: African

text: American

text: or

text: for

text: that

text: matter

text: Latino

text: or

text: female

text: entrepreneurs

text: So

text: the

text: bottom

text: line

text: is

text: if

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: determination

text: that

text: I

text: have

text: was

text: required

text: from

text: everyone

text: no

text: matter

text: their

text: race

text: on

text: some

text: kind

text: of

text: moderately

text: equal

text: basis

text: it

text: would

text: indeed

text: be

text: a

text: level

text: playing

text: field

text: a

text: meritocracy

text: But

text: it

text: 's

text: not

text: The

text: opinions

text: expressed

text: in

text: this

text: commentary

text: are

text: solely

text: those

text: of

text: Hank

text: Williams

question: What percentage of venture capital went to blacks in 2010?

answer: less than 1%

text: less than 1%

question: What did the Tech crunch founder call silicone valley?

answer: a pure meritocracy,

text: a pure meritocracy,

question: According to Williams what percentage of venture capital went to digital startups of blacks?

answer: 1%

question: What Hank Williams said about founder of TechCrunch?

answer: I think Arrington truly believes everything he has

text: I think Arrington truly believes everything he has

question: Who has been involved in a Twitter spat?

answer: Michael Arrington,

text: Michael Arrington,

question: Who called Silicon Valley a meritorcracy?

answer: Michael Arrington,

text: Michael Arrington,

question: What venture capital amount went to digital startups?

answer: 1%

question: Who said it was not so?

answer: Vivek Wadhwa,

text: Vivek Wadhwa,

question: What did Williams say?

answer: the bottom line is, if the level of determination that I have was required from everyone, no matter their race, on some kind of moderately equal basis, it would indeed be a level playing field -- a meritocracy.

text: the bottom line is, if the level of determination that I have was required from everyone, no matter their race, on some kind of moderately equal basis, it would indeed be a level playing field -- a meritocracy.


text:
Washington (CNN) -- The Federal Aviation Administration is changing a generations-old policy banning pilots from taking antidepressants, saying the new policy will improve safety by bringing to the surface pilots who either ignore signs of depression or lie about their use of medication for fear of losing their licenses to fly.

Beginning Monday, pilots with mild to moderate depression will be allowed to fly while taking antidepressants if they can demonstrate they have been satisfactorily treated for at least 12 months.

The FAA also will begin a six-month amnesty period, during which pilots who use antidepressants can step forward without fear of penalties. The pilots will be grounded until they can demonstrate they have been stable for a year, although those who can prove a history of successful medical treatment should be able to fly "within a few months," the FAA said.

The new policy will "absolutely" improve safety, said Randy Babbitt, head of the FAA and a former airline pilot and union chief.

"The concern that we have today is we have people who are either self-medicating or not seeking a diagnosis. Either of those is unacceptable," Babbitt said. "This change ... will allow those people to get the treatment, allow us to monitor and return them to the cockpit [as] safer, better pilots."

FAA officials said that they do not know the extent of depression among pilots but that pilots are probably representative of the larger population, in which 10 percent are believed to suffer from depression.

Nor does the FAA know how many pilots have removed themselves from flying status because they suffer from depression, a condition that now bars them from flying. Nor do they know how many take antidepressants in violation of FAA policy.

Commercial pilots under the age of 40 are required to undergo a medical exam by an FAA-certified physician every year; those over 40, every six months. But the examination focuses largely on the pilots' physical health, and there is no formal assessment of the pilots' mental health.

The FAA says pilots have a regulatory duty and professional responsibility to not fly if they know they have a physical or mental condition that makes them unsafe to fly.

But the FAA concedes pilots aren't always forthcoming, especially if honesty could cost them their job.

"We know that there are people out there who are not taking antidepressants because they know they would be grounded if they are. We know there are people out there who are taking them and lying to us about that," said Dr. Fred Tilton, the FAA's federal air surgeon.

"We think it's safer to [make sure pilots are treated for depression] than to continue to drive it underground," he said.

Under the new policy, the FAA will, on a case-by-case basis, issue special medical certificates to pilots who take one of four antidepressants: fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro).

All four drugs can be used safely without side effects, the FAA said, and other medications will be considered as the agency gains experience and data under its new policy.

FAA officials say that they have been studying the issue for a decade, and that the change comes with improvements in medication and as the stigma of depression has diminished.

One of the concerns is the risk of suicide by airplane.

Between 1993 and 2002, there were 16 "aircraft-assisted suicides," according to a National Transportation Safety Board report, as recounted in a recent FAA medical bulletin. All involved smaller aircraft.

In addition, the NTSB ruled that in 1999, the pilot caused the crash of EgyptAir Flight 990 by forcing the plane into the Atlantic Ocean, although the board could not determine the pilot's motives and did not use the term "suicide."

The pilot's medical certificate had been renewed 10 days before the crash. All 217 on board were killed.

"Depression is a disease, and it's treatable just like any other disease. And there is a stigma out there that we want to remove. We want to make the skies safer, and we believe that this change in the policy will benefit that and achieve that," Babbitt said.

Said Tilton: "We believe it's the right thing to do. We also have support from all of the scientific organizations that understand the treatment of depression and the safety of the airspace."

The new policy is consistent with recommendations from a host of aviation and medical organizations, including the Aerospace Medical Association, the International Civil Aviation Organization, the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association and the Air Line Pilots Association, the FAA said.

Babbitt acknowledged that pilots face some risk by stepping forward, but he said they also face risk if they don't.

"If it [unauthorized use of medication] was ever discovered, it would be the end of their license and their career, period," he said.

The FAA said the policy is being posted on the Federal Register, where the public can make comments until May 3. Officials said because it is changing a policy, and not a rule, pre-publication in the Federal Register was not necessary.

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text: the

text: Federal

text: Register

text: where

text: the

text: public

text: can

text: make

text: comments

text: until

text: May

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text: policy

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text: not

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text: rule

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text: the

text: Federal

text: Register

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text: not

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question: length of time pilots to be treated

answer: at least 12 months.

text: at least 12 months.

question: how long is the treatment

answer: 12 months.

text: 12 months.

question: what does faa say

answer: the new policy will improve safety by bringing to the surface pilots who either ignore signs of depression or lie about their use of medication for fear of losing their licenses to fly.

text: the new policy will improve safety by bringing to the surface pilots who either ignore signs of depression or lie about their use of medication for fear of losing their licenses to fly.

question: pilots must have been treated for at least 12 months for what reason?

answer: mild to moderate depression

text: mild to moderate depression

question: What does de FAA says about the policy?

answer: "absolutely" improve safety,

text: "absolutely" improve safety,